record_id
large_string
intelligence_source
large_string
intelligence_source_url
large_string
country
large_string
attack_type
large_string
network_layer
large_string
protocol_exploited
large_string
threat_actor
large_string
target_operator
large_string
network_generation
large_string
requires_network_access
int64
requires_insider_access
int64
requires_physical_access
int64
exploits_legacy_protocol
int64
exploits_diameter
int64
exploits_5g_protocol
int64
exploits_vendor_backdoor
int64
chinese_equipment_involved
int64
sim_swap_social_engineering
int64
sim_swap_insider_collusion
int64
sim_swap_document_forgery
int64
mobile_money_targeted
int64
surveillance_purpose
int64
targets_journalist_activist
int64
targets_political_figure
int64
commercial_spyware_used
int64
subscribers_affected
int64
calls_intercepted
int64
sms_intercepted
int64
locations_tracked
int64
financial_loss_usd
int64
revenue_loss_per_hour_usd
int64
fraud_revenue_usd
int64
service_outage_hours
int64
data_breach
int64
cdrs_exposed
int64
subscriber_data_exposed
int64
network_integrity_compromised
int64
interconnect_affected
int64
cable_cut
int64
tower_vandalised
int64
fibre_stolen
int64
diesel_theft
int64
submarine_cable_name
large_string
detected
int64
time_to_detect_hours
int64
detected_by
large_string
signalling_firewall_deployed
int64
incident_response_activated
int64
regulator_notified
int64
gsma_reported
int64
law_enforcement_involved
int64
patch_applied
int64
label
int64
is_synthetic
int64
needs_network_access
int64
needs_insider
int64
needs_physical
int64
high_barrier_attack
int64
low_barrier_attack
int64
legacy_protocol
int64
diameter_attack
int64
fiveg_attack
int64
vendor_backdoor
int64
chinese_equipment
int64
next_gen_attack
int64
beyond_ss7
int64
is_sim_swap
int64
sim_swap_social_eng
int64
sim_swap_insider
int64
sim_swap_forgery
int64
mobile_money_targeted.1
int64
sim_swap_mobile_money
int64
surveillance_attack
int64
targets_civil_society
int64
journalist_targeted
int64
political_targeted
int64
spyware_used
int64
authoritarian_surveillance
int64
log_subscribers
float64
mass_subscriber_impact
int64
nationwide_impact
int64
interception_attack
int64
location_tracking
int64
mass_surveillance
int64
any_financial_loss
int64
major_loss
int64
catastrophic_loss
int64
any_fraud_revenue
int64
high_fraud
int64
high_rev_impact
int64
any_outage
int64
extended_outage
int64
severe_outage
int64
data_breach.1
int64
cdrs_leaked
int64
subscriber_data_leaked
int64
network_integrity_lost
int64
interconnect_disrupted
int64
physical_attack
int64
cable_disruption
int64
tower_attack
int64
infrastructure_theft
int64
submarine_cable_attack
int64
was_detected
int64
fast_detection
int64
quick_detection
int64
slow_detection
int64
very_slow_detection
int64
undetected
int64
has_signalling_firewall
int64
ir_activated
int64
regulator_notified.1
int64
gsma_reported.1
int64
law_enforcement
int64
patched
int64
response_score
int64
effective_response
int64
no_response
int64
detected_by_firewall
int64
detected_by_fms
int64
detected_by_noc
int64
detected_by_subscriber
int64
detected_by_researcher
int64
type_sim_swap
int64
type_diameter
int64
type_gtp
int64
type_ss7_location
int64
type_ss7_intercept
int64
type_imsi_catcher
int64
type_sip_voip
int64
type_bts_spoof
int64
type_5g_nrf
int64
type_5g_sepp
int64
type_dns_hijack
int64
type_bgp_hijack
int64
type_submarine_cable
int64
type_core_intrusion
int64
type_billing_fraud
int64
type_ota_sim
int64
type_lawful_intercept
int64
type_physical
int64
type_mobile_money
int64
type_roaming
int64
type_legit
int64
gen_2g
int64
gen_3g
int64
gen_4g
int64
gen_5g
int64
gen_legacy
int64
actor_criminal
int64
actor_state
int64
actor_surveillance_vendor
int64
actor_insider
int64
actor_sim_swap_gang
int64
actor_fraud
int64
major_operator
int64
multi_operator
int64
is_west_africa
int64
is_east_africa
int64
is_southern_africa
int64
is_north_africa
int64
high_mobile_country
int64
telecom_threat_score
int64
surveillance_risk_score
int64
infrastructure_resilience_score
int64
TEL001074
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Cote d'Ivoire
sim_swap_fraud
radio_access_network
SS7_ISUP
unknown
Telkom_SA
4G_LTE
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
48
0
0
0
6,735
9,623
0
52
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.68
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
-3
TEL004001
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Rwanda
sim_swap_fraud
user_data_plane
Diameter_Rx
competitor_mno
mvno_small_operator
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
19
0
0
0
7,314,458
1,044
0
58
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
474
security_researcher
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.28
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
10
0
3
TEL000787
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
ss7_location_tracking
radio_access_network
SS7_CAP
sim_swap_gang
MTN
5G_NR
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
6,063,993
0
0
1
1,498
9,136
0
321
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
subscriber_complaint
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
6.78
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
6
5
2
TEL002605
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Egypt
gtp_tunnel_exploitation
physical_layer
DNS
unknown
Telecom_Egypt
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
79,393
0
0
0
58,400
3,630
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.9
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
-3
TEL003630
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Kenya
ota_sim_attack
signalling_plane
Diameter_Gx
unknown
Vodacom_Vodafone
5G_NR
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
67,402
0
59
0
8,262
50,569
0
3
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.83
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
7
2
-3
TEL002121
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Uganda
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Tigo
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
795
0
0
0
29,913,870
87,165
3,382
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
46
threat_intelligence
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
8
0
5
TEL001874
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Tanzania
5g_nrf_exploitation
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
fraud_syndicate
mvno_small_operator
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
83,856
0
0
0
12,387,691
39,858
0
64
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.92
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
0
0
TEL000811
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
diameter_signalling_attack
user_data_plane
HTTP2_5G_SBI
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,120
0
0
0
0
45,796
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
471
subscriber_complaint
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.61
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
3
TEL000387
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Kenya
physical_infrastructure_attack
physical_layer
HTTP2_5G_SBI
fraud_syndicate
Safaricom
4G_LTE
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
897
0
0
0
358,051
27,938
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
none
1
0
security_researcher
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.95
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
5
0
0
TEL002882
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
diameter_signalling_attack
management_plane
SIP
unknown
Vodacom_Vodafone
5G_NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,903,527
0
0
0
0
0
0
51
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
23
fraud_management_system
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.59
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
9
0
0
TEL001175
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Egypt
ota_sim_attack
radio_access_network
OTA_SMS
sim_swap_gang
Safaricom
satellite
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
125
0
0
0
12,845,363
667,471
0
70
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
7,327
partner_operator_notification
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
5
TEL003197
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Kenya
bgp_hijacking
signalling_plane
Diameter_S6a
fraud_syndicate
isp_fixed_operator
satellite
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
17,225,208
0
0
14
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
7
0
-3
TEL002623
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Algeria
mobile_money_platform_attack
signalling_plane
Diameter_Rx
fraud_syndicate
Ethio_Telecom
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
7,614,481
0
0
0
12,533,895
1,335
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
372
signalling_firewall
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.88
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
10
0
3
TEL001351
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Egypt
ss7_call_sms_intercept
core_network
SS7_MAP
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
fixed_fibre
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
596,683
1,761
0
0
2,779
0
0
5
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
5.78
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
8
-3
TEL000410
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
lawful_intercept_abuse
physical_layer
RTP
unknown
Telecom_Egypt
fixed_fibre
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
98
0
0
0
0
18,639
0
131
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1.99
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
4
7
0
TEL004212
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Zimbabwe
ss7_location_tracking
user_data_plane
multiple
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
97,864
0
0
0
470,511
321,285
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
101
fraud_management_system
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4.99
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
3
2
TEL000109
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Nigeria
sip_voip_fraud
service_layer
BGP
competitor_mno
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
84,627
3,139
0
0
5,250,793
649,526
15,101
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.93
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
7
5
-3
TEL004995
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Ethiopia
5g_nrf_exploitation
user_data_plane
DNS
sim_swap_gang
Ethio_Telecom
4G_LTE
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,091,106
0
0
0
31,674,373
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
47
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.71
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
4
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
11
0
5
TEL003429
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Egypt
gtp_tunnel_exploitation
core_network
proprietary_vendor
surveillance_vendor
isp_fixed_operator
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
86,946
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
2
security_researcher
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
TEL002809
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
roaming_fraud
user_data_plane
mobile_money_api
fraud_syndicate
MTN
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
70
0
0
0
35,003
0
4,266
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
partner_operator_notification
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.85
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
TEL002594
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Nigeria
sip_voip_fraud
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
state_sponsored_apt
mvno_small_operator
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,802,976
84,549
0
0
13,256,627
3,018
0
53
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
partner_operator_notification
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.76
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
8
5
5
TEL002836
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Ghana
core_network_intrusion
user_data_plane
PFCP_5G
cybercriminal_syndicate
Orange_Africa
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
992,407
0
0
0
3,136
3,381
0
9
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
20
signalling_firewall
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
TEL002372
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Uganda
ss7_call_sms_intercept
signalling_plane
SIP
sim_swap_gang
isp_fixed_operator
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4,594,323
28,596
0
0
38,456,640
128,799
0
4
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
653
signalling_firewall
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
6.66
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
11
8
3
TEL001235
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
South Africa
ota_sim_attack
service_layer
OTA_SMS
sim_swap_gang
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
61
0
665,184
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
79
fraud_management_system
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.78
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
2
TEL002146
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Egypt
bts_base_station_spoofing
transport_backbone
RTP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
mixed_legacy
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
84
0
0
0
982,338
0
0
329
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.92
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
0
TEL004975
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Tanzania
sim_swap_fraud
management_plane
SS7_CAP
sim_swap_gang
multiple_operators
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
32,299
78,931
487,719
64
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
-3
TEL000599
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Nigeria
ss7_call_sms_intercept
user_data_plane
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
79,712
27
0
982,606
664,813
0
5
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0.78
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
8
-3
TEL001434
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Ghana
submarine_cable_disruption
core_network
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
977
0
0
0
0
0
0
47
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.99
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
TEL004996
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Egypt
gtp_tunnel_exploitation
transport_backbone
BGP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Orange_Africa
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
49
0
0
0
0
799,915
0
99
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.69
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
-3
TEL000538
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
DRC
physical_infrastructure_attack
signalling_plane
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Globacom
2G_GSM
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
19,302,782
17,291
0
20
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
208
subscriber_complaint
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.48
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
5
0
3
TEL000721
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Tanzania
physical_infrastructure_attack
user_data_plane
mobile_money_api
surveillance_vendor
Orange_Africa
3G_UMTS
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,359,174
0
0
0
29,220
880,802
0
247
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
SEACOM
1
366
partner_operator_notification
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.87
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
13
0
-3
TEL004410
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Cote d'Ivoire
lawful_intercept_abuse
user_data_plane
OTA_SMS
sim_swap_gang
multiple_operators
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
46,519
0
0
786,505
621,442
0
6
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0.48
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
8
2
TEL001872
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Algeria
diameter_signalling_attack
user_data_plane
GTP_v2
unknown
Vodacom_Vodafone
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
940,428
0
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
76
subscriber_complaint
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.95
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
3
TEL002845
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Tunisia
ss7_call_sms_intercept
user_data_plane
proprietary_vendor
cybercriminal_syndicate
Airtel_Africa
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
10
21,294
0
0
56,327
660,229
0
65
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
19
subscriber_complaint
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
11
5
TEL002053
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Kenya
roaming_fraud
user_data_plane
BGP
sim_swap_gang
MTN
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7,520,861
0
0
0
5,498
0
23,256
6
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
565
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.88
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
9
0
2
TEL002907
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Algeria
ss7_location_tracking
service_layer
Diameter_S6a
sim_swap_gang
Ethio_Telecom
mixed_legacy
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
765
0
691,350
0
90
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
6
12
2
TEL002254
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
sip_voip_fraud
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
insider_telecom_employee
Telecom_Egypt
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,628,764
0
0
0
179,562
98,717
45,327
29
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
7,653
regulatory_audit
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.56
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
6
0
2
TEL003912
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Angola
imsi_catcher_surveillance
management_plane
multiple
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
fixed_fibre
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
81
0
0
32
9,519
2,380
0
14
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1.91
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
4
9
0
TEL000177
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Ethiopia
physical_infrastructure_attack
signalling_plane
GTP_v1
sim_swap_gang
Globacom
mixed_legacy
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
29,189,888
105,409
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.95
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
TEL002890
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Tanzania
sim_swap_fraud
user_data_plane
SS7_CAP
insider_telecom_employee
Vodacom_Vodafone
5G_NR
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
79
0
0
0
279,621
0
296,386
295
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
0
-3
TEL003673
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
ss7_location_tracking
radio_access_network
OTA_SMS
fraud_syndicate
Orange_Africa
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
5
0
0
0
38,729,384
0
0
55
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0.7
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
6
0
TEL000080
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Ghana
imsi_catcher_surveillance
service_layer
SS7_ISUP
unknown
Airtel_Africa
satellite
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
159
0
0
0
3,595
550,268
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
25
regulatory_audit
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
TEL002561
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Egypt
diameter_signalling_attack
core_network
GTP_v2
state_sponsored_apt
isp_fixed_operator
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
93
0
0
0
0
1,148
0
6
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.97
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
TEL001723
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Cameroon
mobile_money_platform_attack
user_data_plane
OTA_SMS
sim_swap_gang
Ethio_Telecom
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6,511,364
0
0
0
647,372
0
0
239
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
noc_alert
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.81
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
4
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
8
0
4
TEL001617
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Nigeria
bts_base_station_spoofing
core_network
USSD
unknown
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9,299,054
0
0
0
612,443
881,584
0
141
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
4,560
security_researcher
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.97
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
6
0
0
TEL001654
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
physical_infrastructure_attack
management_plane
SS7_ISUP
fraud_syndicate
MTN
mixed_legacy
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
68
0
0
0
8,619
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
none
1
72
subscriber_complaint
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.83
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
3
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
6
TEL002328
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Tanzania
bts_base_station_spoofing
signalling_plane
DNS
insider_telecom_employee
Cell_C
4G_LTE
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,090,668
0
0
0
427,849
3,446
0
187
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
13
security_researcher
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.32
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
0
8
TEL004613
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Tunisia
physical_infrastructure_attack
management_plane
proprietary_vendor
state_sponsored_apt
multiple_operators
4G_LTE
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
22,543,812
0
0
31
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
threat_intelligence
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
5
0
5
TEL000221
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
sim_swap_fraud
management_plane
Diameter_Gx
fraud_syndicate
mvno_small_operator
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
55,932
0
0
0
31,061
7,375
737
24
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.75
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
10
0
0
TEL000093
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Nigeria
imsi_catcher_surveillance
radio_access_network
Diameter_Gx
sim_swap_gang
Maroc_Telecom
4G_LTE
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
90,073
0
0
30
6,004
2,343
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
78
security_researcher
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
4.95
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
7
8
0
TEL002609
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Tanzania
bgp_hijacking
user_data_plane
RTP
fraud_syndicate
Airtel_Africa
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
491
0
0
0
4,765
184,849
0
51
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.69
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
-3
TEL003382
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Rwanda
sim_swap_fraud
user_data_plane
proprietary_vendor
cybercriminal_syndicate
mvno_small_operator
5G_NR
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
1,183,848
7,275
14,834
15
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
regulatory_audit
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
0
2
TEL004415
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
South Africa
diameter_signalling_attack
radio_access_network
SS7_MAP
unknown
Cell_C
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
848
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.93
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
0
TEL001397
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Cote d'Ivoire
diameter_signalling_attack
user_data_plane
SS7_MAP
insider_telecom_employee
Airtel_Africa
4G_LTE
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32,495
0
0
0
59,913
0
0
224
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
888
partner_operator_notification
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.51
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
0
3
TEL004686
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Nigeria
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
PFCP_5G
state_sponsored_apt
mvno_small_operator
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
48,124,292
8,768
1,705
255
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.78
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
10
0
0
TEL001292
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Zambia
5g_sepp_bypass
service_layer
mobile_money_api
unknown
Ethio_Telecom
4G_LTE
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
74
0
0
0
48,960,467
555,424
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1,789
regulatory_audit
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.87
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
TEL002164
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Tanzania
submarine_cable_disruption
core_network
multiple
cybercriminal_syndicate
Safaricom
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
54
0
0
0
0
5,552
0
46
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.73
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
-3
TEL002939
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
5g_nrf_exploitation
transport_backbone
multiple
cybercriminal_syndicate
Telkom_SA
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
413,357
0
0
0
183,316
85,598
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.62
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
-3
TEL003668
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Nigeria
sim_swap_fraud
radio_access_network
BGP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Safaricom
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
7,060
0
0
0
4,750
0
373,483
83
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
278
signalling_firewall
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.85
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
0
2
TEL000812
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Tanzania
sip_voip_fraud
transport_backbone
DNS
insider_telecom_employee
multiple_operators
fixed_fibre
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
503
237
0
0
86,823
174,039
200,742
61
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
threat_intelligence
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.7
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
3
2
7
TEL001258
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
imsi_catcher_surveillance
user_data_plane
mobile_money_api
fraud_syndicate
9mobile
4G_LTE
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
45
0
0
25
35,483,285
772,905
0
44
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
3,727
regulatory_audit
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1.65
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
6
9
3
TEL000889
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Kenya
ss7_call_sms_intercept
signalling_plane
GTP_v2
unknown
Orange_Africa
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
581
8,823
7,805
0
10,006,101
576,420
0
138
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
2.76
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
6
12
0
TEL001451
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Egypt
bts_base_station_spoofing
management_plane
mobile_money_api
surveillance_vendor
Airtel_Africa
2G_GSM
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
0
0
0
35,180,807
692,680
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.51
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
-3
TEL003316
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Egypt
sim_swap_fraud
core_network
OTA_SMS
state_sponsored_apt
isp_fixed_operator
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
76,986
723,023
241,869
110
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
71
noc_alert
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
0
TEL002559
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
South Africa
core_network_intrusion
user_data_plane
HTTP2_5G_SBI
cybercriminal_syndicate
submarine_cable_operator
2G_GSM
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
594,888
0
0
0
82,962
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.77
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
4
0
-3
TEL003574
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
ss7_call_sms_intercept
user_data_plane
none_physical
state_sponsored_apt
Cell_C
4G_LTE
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
30,218
32
0
0
1,094
3,784
0
74
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
4
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4.48
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
5
0
TEL002680
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Cote d'Ivoire
bgp_hijacking
core_network
multiple
cybercriminal_syndicate
Maroc_Telecom
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
158
0
0
0
0
14,517
0
175
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
297
partner_operator_notification
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
TEL004651
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
bts_base_station_spoofing
management_plane
none_physical
sim_swap_gang
MTN
mixed_legacy
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
75
0
0
0
42,875,773
0
0
32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.88
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
-3
TEL004811
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Ghana
ss7_location_tracking
physical_layer
OTA_SMS
state_sponsored_apt
mvno_small_operator
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
92
0
0
517
0
0
0
95
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
8,012
noc_alert
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1.96
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
4
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
8
8
TEL004679
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
bts_base_station_spoofing
core_network
multiple
sim_swap_gang
Orange_Africa
4G_LTE
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,981,594
0
0
0
696,011
83,173
0
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
250
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.7
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
4
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
6
0
5
TEL002964
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Zimbabwe
ss7_call_sms_intercept
transport_backbone
none_physical
sim_swap_gang
MTN
2G_GSM
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
743
0
0
0
41,432,883
497,812
0
318
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2.87
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
6
0
TEL002672
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
dns_hijacking_telecom
signalling_plane
SS7_CAP
hacktivist
MTN
4G_LTE
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
63
0
0
0
0
50,658
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
5,290
fraud_management_system
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
3
TEL000561
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
Diameter_Gx
state_sponsored_apt
Vodacom_Vodafone
3G_UMTS
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
843
0
0
0
8,411
0
0
3
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.93
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
8
0
-3
TEL002778
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Senegal
sim_swap_fraud
transport_backbone
none_physical
competitor_mno
Telkom_SA
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
8,435,219
0
0
0
43,929,385
733,090
1,642
170
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
subscriber_complaint
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.93
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
11
0
7
TEL002948
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Cote d'Ivoire
gtp_tunnel_exploitation
radio_access_network
RTP
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
33,601
0
0
0
27,277
633,963
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.53
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
-3
TEL002817
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Nigeria
mobile_money_platform_attack
management_plane
SS7_ISUP
competitor_mno
Globacom
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
47,276
0
0
0
30,038,968
17,926
0
13
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.67
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
9
0
-3
TEL002758
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Nigeria
physical_infrastructure_attack
service_layer
HTTP2_5G_SBI
cybercriminal_syndicate
Maroc_Telecom
3G_UMTS
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
74
0
0
0
45,382
9,067
0
148
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
subscriber_complaint
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.87
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
2
TEL001756
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Ethiopia
diameter_signalling_attack
core_network
SS7_ISUP
unknown
Ethio_Telecom
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
70
0
0
0
40,825,258
0
0
4
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
partner_operator_notification
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.85
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
0
2
TEL000724
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Nigeria
imsi_catcher_surveillance
service_layer
SIP
unknown
9mobile
mixed_legacy
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
10
0
0
751
447,730
872,214
0
6
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
10
threat_intelligence
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
8
3
TEL000219
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Ghana
roaming_fraud
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
fraud_syndicate
Airtel_Africa
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,799,588
0
0
0
6,952
43,809
0
21
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
591
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.68
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
6
0
0
TEL004139
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
DRC
imsi_catcher_surveillance
radio_access_network
none_physical
surveillance_vendor
Maroc_Telecom
fixed_fibre
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
10
0
0
758
491,344
0
0
9
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
22
fraud_management_system
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
8
0
TEL003957
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
diameter_signalling_attack
signalling_plane
OTA_SMS
unknown
MTN
3G_UMTS
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
7,317
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
-3
TEL001588
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
mobile_money_platform_attack
user_data_plane
SS7_MAP
insider_telecom_employee
Maroc_Telecom
4G_LTE
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
588,936
142,385
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.78
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
0
2
TEL003347
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Kenya
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
DNS
insider_telecom_employee
MTN
5G_NR
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
90
0
0
0
88,013
0
21,017
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
774
fraud_management_system
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.95
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
TEL003970
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Tanzania
bts_base_station_spoofing
management_plane
GTP_v1
unknown
MTN
2G_GSM
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
970
0
0
0
0
655,368
0
14
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.99
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
-3
TEL004707
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Ghana
ota_sim_attack
transport_backbone
mobile_money_api
sim_swap_gang
Vodacom_Vodafone
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15,943
0
0
0
917,437
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.2
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
-3
TEL000043
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Tanzania
bts_base_station_spoofing
core_network
SS7_MAP
surveillance_vendor
Cell_C
2G_GSM
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
766
0
0
0
7,003,607
0
0
35
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
5,973
security_researcher
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.88
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
TEL003001
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Senegal
cdrs_billing_fraud
user_data_plane
RTP
sim_swap_gang
submarine_cable_operator
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,308,953
0
0
0
194,717
5,751
32,643
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
3,460
noc_alert
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.36
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
3
TEL000210
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
South Africa
5g_nrf_exploitation
transport_backbone
OTA_SMS
fraud_syndicate
Orange_Africa
5G_NR
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6,825,129
0
0
0
5,448
0
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
6
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.83
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
6
0
0
TEL000677
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
lawful_intercept_abuse
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
4G_LTE
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
378
26
0
0
2,879
217,290
0
38
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
76
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
2.58
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
7
9
2
TEL000354
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
DRC
cdrs_billing_fraud
transport_backbone
SS7_CAP
state_sponsored_apt
Tigo
4G_LTE
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15,832
0
0
0
7,465
1,865
0
23
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
6
noc_alert
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.2
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
4
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
2
TEL001433
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Algeria
lawful_intercept_abuse
radio_access_network
SIP
sim_swap_gang
Orange_Africa
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
767
7,547
0
0
0
161,185
0
9
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
687
partner_operator_notification
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
2.88
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
4
12
5
TEL000949
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
South Africa
ss7_location_tracking
signalling_plane
DNS
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
98
0
0
28
405,246
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1.99
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
5
-3
TEL002843
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
diameter_signalling_attack
core_network
multiple
insider_telecom_employee
isp_fixed_operator
3G_UMTS
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
76
0
0
0
106,621
85,206
0
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.88
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
-3
TEL000577
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Cote d'Ivoire
ss7_call_sms_intercept
user_data_plane
USSD
insider_telecom_employee
Globacom
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
5,797
2,556
0
7,055
9,342
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0.78
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
8
-3
TEL003928
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
ss7_call_sms_intercept
signalling_plane
Diameter_S6a
insider_telecom_employee
Airtel_Africa
4G_LTE
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
21
0
0
0
91,199
57,715
0
139
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
subscriber_complaint
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1.32
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
3
2
TEL000544
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Ethiopia
cdrs_billing_fraud
user_data_plane
USSD
cybercriminal_syndicate
multiple_operators
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
7,299
574,396
441,252
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
-3
TEL000367
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Tunisia
mobile_money_platform_attack
core_network
BGP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Airtel_Africa
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
861,288
88,159
0
29
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
0
-3
TEL001612
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
ss7_call_sms_intercept
service_layer
BGP
unknown
Telkom_SA
5G_NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
741
0
0
0
942,980
384,645
0
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
109
security_researcher
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.87
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
TEL003550
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
5g_sepp_bypass
management_plane
GTP_v1
insider_telecom_employee
mvno_small_operator
satellite
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
70,817
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
487
signalling_firewall
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0