record_id
large_string
intelligence_source
large_string
intelligence_source_url
large_string
country
large_string
attack_type
large_string
network_layer
large_string
protocol_exploited
large_string
threat_actor
large_string
target_operator
large_string
network_generation
large_string
requires_network_access
int64
requires_insider_access
int64
requires_physical_access
int64
exploits_legacy_protocol
int64
exploits_diameter
int64
exploits_5g_protocol
int64
exploits_vendor_backdoor
int64
chinese_equipment_involved
int64
sim_swap_social_engineering
int64
sim_swap_insider_collusion
int64
sim_swap_document_forgery
int64
mobile_money_targeted
int64
surveillance_purpose
int64
targets_journalist_activist
int64
targets_political_figure
int64
commercial_spyware_used
int64
subscribers_affected
int64
calls_intercepted
int64
sms_intercepted
int64
locations_tracked
int64
financial_loss_usd
int64
revenue_loss_per_hour_usd
int64
fraud_revenue_usd
int64
service_outage_hours
int64
data_breach
int64
cdrs_exposed
int64
subscriber_data_exposed
int64
network_integrity_compromised
int64
interconnect_affected
int64
cable_cut
int64
tower_vandalised
int64
fibre_stolen
int64
diesel_theft
int64
submarine_cable_name
large_string
detected
int64
time_to_detect_hours
int64
detected_by
large_string
signalling_firewall_deployed
int64
incident_response_activated
int64
regulator_notified
int64
gsma_reported
int64
law_enforcement_involved
int64
patch_applied
int64
label
int64
is_synthetic
int64
needs_network_access
int64
needs_insider
int64
needs_physical
int64
high_barrier_attack
int64
low_barrier_attack
int64
legacy_protocol
int64
diameter_attack
int64
fiveg_attack
int64
vendor_backdoor
int64
chinese_equipment
int64
next_gen_attack
int64
beyond_ss7
int64
is_sim_swap
int64
sim_swap_social_eng
int64
sim_swap_insider
int64
sim_swap_forgery
int64
mobile_money_targeted.1
int64
sim_swap_mobile_money
int64
surveillance_attack
int64
targets_civil_society
int64
journalist_targeted
int64
political_targeted
int64
spyware_used
int64
authoritarian_surveillance
int64
log_subscribers
float64
mass_subscriber_impact
int64
nationwide_impact
int64
interception_attack
int64
location_tracking
int64
mass_surveillance
int64
any_financial_loss
int64
major_loss
int64
catastrophic_loss
int64
any_fraud_revenue
int64
high_fraud
int64
high_rev_impact
int64
any_outage
int64
extended_outage
int64
severe_outage
int64
data_breach.1
int64
cdrs_leaked
int64
subscriber_data_leaked
int64
network_integrity_lost
int64
interconnect_disrupted
int64
physical_attack
int64
cable_disruption
int64
tower_attack
int64
infrastructure_theft
int64
submarine_cable_attack
int64
was_detected
int64
fast_detection
int64
quick_detection
int64
slow_detection
int64
very_slow_detection
int64
undetected
int64
has_signalling_firewall
int64
ir_activated
int64
regulator_notified.1
int64
gsma_reported.1
int64
law_enforcement
int64
patched
int64
response_score
int64
effective_response
int64
no_response
int64
detected_by_firewall
int64
detected_by_fms
int64
detected_by_noc
int64
detected_by_subscriber
int64
detected_by_researcher
int64
type_sim_swap
int64
type_diameter
int64
type_gtp
int64
type_ss7_location
int64
type_ss7_intercept
int64
type_imsi_catcher
int64
type_sip_voip
int64
type_bts_spoof
int64
type_5g_nrf
int64
type_5g_sepp
int64
type_dns_hijack
int64
type_bgp_hijack
int64
type_submarine_cable
int64
type_core_intrusion
int64
type_billing_fraud
int64
type_ota_sim
int64
type_lawful_intercept
int64
type_physical
int64
type_mobile_money
int64
type_roaming
int64
type_legit
int64
gen_2g
int64
gen_3g
int64
gen_4g
int64
gen_5g
int64
gen_legacy
int64
actor_criminal
int64
actor_state
int64
actor_surveillance_vendor
int64
actor_insider
int64
actor_sim_swap_gang
int64
actor_fraud
int64
major_operator
int64
multi_operator
int64
is_west_africa
int64
is_east_africa
int64
is_southern_africa
int64
is_north_africa
int64
high_mobile_country
int64
telecom_threat_score
int64
surveillance_risk_score
int64
infrastructure_resilience_score
int64
TEL001501
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
ss7_location_tracking
user_data_plane
SS7_MAP
hacktivist
MTN
satellite
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
78
0
0
197
946,317
607,263
0
60
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
signalling_firewall
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1.89
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
3
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
7
12
10
TEL002586
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
physical_infrastructure_attack
user_data_plane
proprietary_vendor
cybercriminal_syndicate
isp_fixed_operator
3G_UMTS
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
0
0
0
23,286,856
7,578
0
13
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
threat_intelligence
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.32
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
2
TEL002653
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Mozambique
bts_base_station_spoofing
user_data_plane
USSD
insider_telecom_employee
Airtel_Africa
mixed_legacy
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
600
0
0
0
360,926
61,365
0
24
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.78
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
-3
TEL001055
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
diameter_signalling_attack
management_plane
proprietary_vendor
cybercriminal_syndicate
Globacom
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
0
63,850
0
41
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.34
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
4
TEL000705
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Tanzania
sip_voip_fraud
transport_backbone
SS7_MAP
sim_swap_gang
MTN
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
27
0
0
92,663
8,589
8,714
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
TEL000106
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
physical_infrastructure_attack
service_layer
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Orange_Africa
3G_UMTS
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
81
0
0
0
0
91,962
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
none
1
1
signalling_firewall
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.91
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
2
TEL000589
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
physical_infrastructure_attack
management_plane
none_physical
sim_swap_gang
Globacom
4G_LTE
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
464
0
0
0
3,139,503
382,213
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
none
1
7,638
threat_intelligence
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.67
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
-2
TEL002468
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
lawful_intercept_abuse
core_network
DNS
insider_telecom_employee
isp_fixed_operator
satellite
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
346
81
0
0
46,072,013
861,604
0
48
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.54
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
5
-3
TEL002413
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
bgp_hijacking
management_plane
Diameter_Gx
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
468
0
0
0
12,409,883
7,579
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.67
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
4
0
-3
TEL001600
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Cameroon
sip_voip_fraud
core_network
mobile_money_api
state_sponsored_apt
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
782
6,212
0
0
31,543,374
298,776
0
51
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
322
partner_operator_notification
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.89
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
5
5
0
TEL002464
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Egypt
core_network_intrusion
signalling_plane
proprietary_vendor
state_sponsored_apt
Globacom
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
18
0
0
0
0
5,405
0
15
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
315
fraud_management_system
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.26
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
0
TEL000228
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
South Africa
diameter_signalling_attack
user_data_plane
none_physical
surveillance_vendor
MTN
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
98
0
0
0
8,624
2,085
0
214
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
369
security_researcher
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.99
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
5
TEL000915
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Cote d'Ivoire
imsi_catcher_surveillance
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
insider_telecom_employee
tower_company
mixed_legacy
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
470
0
0
1
5,144,569
5,487
0
52
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
2.67
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
9
-3
TEL000794
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Egypt
bts_base_station_spoofing
user_data_plane
Diameter_S6a
unknown
MTN
3G_UMTS
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
9,226
442,149
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.85
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
-3
TEL003021
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Algeria
ss7_location_tracking
service_layer
proprietary_vendor
surveillance_vendor
Tigo
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
172
0
0
843
0
90,704
0
7
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.24
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
8
-3
TEL003543
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Kenya
cdrs_billing_fraud
signalling_plane
proprietary_vendor
state_sponsored_apt
Orange_Africa
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
72
0
0
0
3,368
676,360
383,184
3
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.86
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
-3
TEL001073
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Ethiopia
physical_infrastructure_attack
core_network
Diameter_Gx
state_sponsored_apt
Airtel_Africa
5G_NR
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
480,231
0
0
0
41,745,784
244,122
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
676
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.68
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
0
0
TEL003351
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
physical_infrastructure_attack
signalling_plane
SS7_ISUP
sim_swap_gang
tower_company
satellite
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,112,937
0
0
0
714,307
552,644
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
none
1
7
signalling_firewall
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.91
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
6
0
3
TEL001744
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Ghana
lawful_intercept_abuse
transport_backbone
RTP
insider_telecom_employee
tower_company
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
935
6
0
0
159,607
4,819
0
18
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1,431
noc_alert
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.97
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
5
0
TEL001084
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
cdrs_billing_fraud
core_network
SS7_MAP
competitor_mno
Airtel_Africa
fixed_fibre
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
23,305,190
185,985
362,640
5
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
partner_operator_notification
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
0
2
TEL000926
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
DRC
sip_voip_fraud
transport_backbone
OTA_SMS
cybercriminal_syndicate
mvno_small_operator
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
72,139
180
0
0
781,080
0
0
67
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.86
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
5
2
0
TEL003049
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Ethiopia
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
none_physical
cybercriminal_syndicate
submarine_cable_operator
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
32
0
0
0
6,940
0
3,489
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.51
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
TEL001117
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Uganda
gtp_tunnel_exploitation
core_network
SS7_MAP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,108,768
0
0
0
15,867
807,203
0
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
426
threat_intelligence
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.49
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
0
3
TEL000642
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
diameter_signalling_attack
radio_access_network
GTP_v1
hacktivist
Cell_C
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
824,594
0
0
0
0
461,169
0
42
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
fraud_management_system
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.92
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
4
TEL004767
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Ethiopia
dns_hijacking_telecom
signalling_plane
multiple
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,800,454
0
0
0
124,499
0
0
56
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
123
signalling_firewall
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.94
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
8
0
3
TEL000501
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
South Africa
diameter_signalling_attack
transport_backbone
SS7_MAP
unknown
Vodacom_Vodafone
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,885
0
0
0
216,284
1,899
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.77
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
0
TEL004066
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Algeria
ss7_location_tracking
core_network
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Safaricom
5G_NR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
8
0
0
241
0
15,934
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
4,778
noc_alert
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0.9
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
7
15
3
TEL000333
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Egypt
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
mixed_legacy
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
100,601
810,436
430,756
253
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
6
0
0
TEL004684
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
dns_hijacking_telecom
radio_access_network
RTP
insider_telecom_employee
isp_fixed_operator
4G_LTE
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
82,488
0
0
0
0
76,800
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
5
subscriber_complaint
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.92
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
7
0
3
TEL000486
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Cote d'Ivoire
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
multiple
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
fixed_fibre
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
39
0
0
0
0
0
37,680
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
security_researcher
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.59
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
10
TEL001962
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
cdrs_billing_fraud
radio_access_network
SS7_MAP
hacktivist
MTN
fixed_fibre
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
798
0
0
0
2,125
51,553
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
607
subscriber_complaint
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
TEL000393
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Nigeria
sim_swap_fraud
management_plane
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
multiple_operators
mixed_legacy
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
75
0
0
0
629,202
802,835
22,506
117
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
6,242
subscriber_complaint
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.88
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
4
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
6
0
5
TEL004842
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Zambia
physical_infrastructure_attack
core_network
USSD
cybercriminal_syndicate
isp_fixed_operator
mixed_legacy
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
477
0
0
0
3,597
0
0
63
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
none
1
44
threat_intelligence
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.68
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
3
TEL004866
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Egypt
core_network_intrusion
service_layer
USSD
sim_swap_gang
MTN
fixed_fibre
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
39
0
0
0
0
0
0
238
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
3,805
regulatory_audit
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.59
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
0
TEL001755
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Kenya
cdrs_billing_fraud
radio_access_network
Diameter_Gx
sim_swap_gang
Orange_Africa
3G_UMTS
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
13,693
0
278
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
11
fraud_management_system
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
5
0
3
TEL002515
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Senegal
sim_swap_fraud
user_data_plane
GTP_v1
cybercriminal_syndicate
Telecom_Egypt
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
87,836
74,175
372,040
210
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
7,145
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.48
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
TEL003585
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Ethiopia
cdrs_billing_fraud
user_data_plane
SS7_CAP
sim_swap_gang
Orange_Africa
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18,991
0
0
0
8,230,344
8,433
22,307
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.28
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
0
0
TEL004315
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Ghana
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
USSD
surveillance_vendor
MTN
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
9,227,835
0
0
0
718,368
757,858
0
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.97
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
12
0
-3
TEL004966
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Ghana
diameter_signalling_attack
core_network
USSD
cybercriminal_syndicate
Safaricom
satellite
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11,866
0
0
0
86,577
124,012
0
236
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
signalling_firewall
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.07
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
2
TEL002099
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Algeria
sim_swap_fraud
core_network
Diameter_Gx
cybercriminal_syndicate
multiple_operators
3G_UMTS
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
8,769,412
0
0
0
320,941
6,815
27,816
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.94
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
11
0
-3
TEL003599
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
diameter_signalling_attack
signalling_plane
Diameter_Gx
unknown
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9,989,386
0
0
0
86,469
496,374
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
7,772
threat_intelligence
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
11
0
0
TEL004121
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
South Africa
submarine_cable_disruption
signalling_plane
multiple
surveillance_vendor
Safaricom
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
694,097
62,805
0
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
65
noc_alert
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
TEL000029
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Morocco
core_network_intrusion
core_network
SS7_CAP
fraud_syndicate
Safaricom
5G_NR
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9,950
0
0
0
46,002
425,486
0
7
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
4,404
subscriber_complaint
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
4
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
5
TEL000065
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Ethiopia
5g_nrf_exploitation
signalling_plane
SIP
surveillance_vendor
Safaricom
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
42,053
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
2,548
signalling_firewall
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
TEL000838
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
sim_swap_fraud
user_data_plane
proprietary_vendor
cybercriminal_syndicate
Ethio_Telecom
mixed_legacy
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
75,951
350,202
406,806
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
partner_operator_notification
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.95
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
6
0
10
TEL003906
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Ghana
mobile_money_platform_attack
physical_layer
DNS
cybercriminal_syndicate
multiple_operators
satellite
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
745,125
59,249
0
274
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
TEL003773
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Zambia
sim_swap_fraud
core_network
none_physical
surveillance_vendor
Maroc_Telecom
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
5,964,254
346,140
32,583
290
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
21
partner_operator_notification
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
8
0
8
TEL004635
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Nigeria
sim_swap_fraud
physical_layer
USSD
fraud_syndicate
MTN
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
9,617,014
134,005
1,354
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
22
security_researcher
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
2
TEL003161
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Ghana
sim_swap_fraud
user_data_plane
multiple
hacktivist
Vodacom_Vodafone
satellite
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
7,852,547
0
0
0
491,657
664,155
0
71
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
24
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.9
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
9
0
0
TEL002659
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
ota_sim_attack
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
hacktivist
Safaricom
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35,609
0
0
0
0
0
0
332
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.55
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
0
TEL004615
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Egypt
ota_sim_attack
transport_backbone
Diameter_S6a
insider_telecom_employee
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
420,218
0
22
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
713
security_researcher
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
5
TEL004628
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Kenya
ss7_call_sms_intercept
transport_backbone
multiple
sim_swap_gang
Tigo
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
969
67,014
34
0
57,289
3,583
0
53
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1,088
subscriber_complaint
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.99
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
8
5
TEL002451
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
South Africa
ss7_call_sms_intercept
core_network
Diameter_S6a
fraud_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
628
32,950
43
0
0
0
0
26
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
noc_alert
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2.8
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
11
2
TEL002846
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Kenya
ss7_location_tracking
user_data_plane
HTTP2_5G_SBI
state_sponsored_apt
Safaricom
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
9,258,036
0
0
39
840,461
143,566
0
32
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
4,005
signalling_firewall
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
6.97
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
12
9
3
TEL001144
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Egypt
diameter_signalling_attack
management_plane
SS7_MAP
competitor_mno
Cell_C
5G_NR
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
920
0
0
0
8,412
1,680
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
6,536
regulatory_audit
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.96
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
TEL003078
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Cote d'Ivoire
physical_infrastructure_attack
service_layer
none_physical
unknown
Airtel_Africa
5G_NR
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
938
0
0
0
28,434
3,530
0
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
none
1
671
signalling_firewall
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.97
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
-2
TEL001103
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
South Africa
5g_sepp_bypass
service_layer
Diameter_Rx
surveillance_vendor
Vodacom_Vodafone
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
72
0
0
0
845,981
180,927
0
5
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
506
partner_operator_notification
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.86
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
0
TEL000168
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
GTP_v2
fraud_syndicate
Cell_C
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1,863
0
0
0
0
849,941
3,054
2
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
6,598
fraud_management_system
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
6
0
5
TEL001670
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Morocco
ss7_call_sms_intercept
management_plane
mobile_money_api
sim_swap_gang
multiple_operators
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
58
62
0
0
8,814,663
22,428
0
22
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
7,688
fraud_management_system
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1.76
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
5
0
TEL002570
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Nigeria
bts_base_station_spoofing
signalling_plane
Diameter_Gx
sim_swap_gang
MTN
4G_LTE
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
16,641,059
0
0
328
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
4
regulatory_audit
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.95
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
7
0
2
TEL002377
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Ghana
gtp_tunnel_exploitation
radio_access_network
OTA_SMS
insider_telecom_employee
Cell_C
4G_LTE
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
612
0
0
0
6,556
608,531
0
104
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1,908
partner_operator_notification
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.79
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
TEL004395
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Morocco
core_network_intrusion
service_layer
multiple
sim_swap_gang
Vodacom_Vodafone
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
91
0
0
0
0
211,315
0
55
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.96
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
0
0
TEL004257
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
bts_base_station_spoofing
signalling_plane
mobile_money_api
cybercriminal_syndicate
9mobile
satellite
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
85,867
0
0
0
32,857,762
2,568
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
security_researcher
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.93
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
7
0
7
TEL003862
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Cameroon
ss7_call_sms_intercept
signalling_plane
HTTP2_5G_SBI
unknown
Globacom
4G_LTE
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
219
2,286
2,380
0
68,878
5,278
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.34
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
8
-3
TEL000023
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
sim_swap_fraud
transport_backbone
proprietary_vendor
state_sponsored_apt
Orange_Africa
2G_GSM
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
49,629
0
0
0
786,735
46,666
1,879
260
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
4
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.7
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
0
TEL002633
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Senegal
imsi_catcher_surveillance
physical_layer
Diameter_Gx
competitor_mno
multiple_operators
2G_GSM
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
219
14,809,435
53,612
0
54
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
security_researcher
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
4
8
4
TEL003340
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
BGP
competitor_mno
Vodacom_Vodafone
3G_UMTS
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
6,244,589
0
0
0
0
973,000
42,944
33
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
11
security_researcher
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.8
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
9
0
0
TEL002215
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Kenya
cdrs_billing_fraud
management_plane
Diameter_Gx
cybercriminal_syndicate
Airtel_Africa
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
65,180
0
0
0
9,242
0
426,513
60
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
4,927
fraud_management_system
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.81
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
4
0
2
TEL003682
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Tunisia
diameter_signalling_attack
transport_backbone
SS7_MAP
fraud_syndicate
MTN
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
45
0
0
0
4,513
5,195
0
26
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
3,725
partner_operator_notification
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.65
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
3
TEL004724
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Nigeria
diameter_signalling_attack
core_network
multiple
state_sponsored_apt
submarine_cable_operator
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
57
0
0
0
947,103
542,073
0
16
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
79
fraud_management_system
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.76
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
0
2
TEL001907
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
sim_swap_fraud
radio_access_network
Diameter_Gx
state_sponsored_apt
MTN
4G_LTE
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
62
0
0
0
725,517
92,510
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
12
partner_operator_notification
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.79
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
0
0
TEL000084
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Ethiopia
bgp_hijacking
core_network
HTTP2_5G_SBI
sim_swap_gang
isp_fixed_operator
4G_LTE
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
844
0
0
0
38,469,847
1,894
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.93
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
0
0
TEL000227
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
South Africa
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
OTA_SMS
cybercriminal_syndicate
Airtel_Africa
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
61
0
0
0
40,167,971
6,105
283,915
127
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
8,568
regulatory_audit
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.79
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
8
0
3
TEL000296
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
South Africa
gtp_tunnel_exploitation
signalling_plane
GTP_v2
sim_swap_gang
MTN
4G_LTE
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
0
0
TEL001001
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Mozambique
sip_voip_fraud
signalling_plane
SS7_ISUP
surveillance_vendor
Airtel_Africa
mixed_legacy
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,214,821
0
0
0
38,768,743
1,578
0
79
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
609
security_researcher
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.51
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
8
0
3
TEL002138
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Egypt
submarine_cable_disruption
transport_backbone
SS7_ISUP
cybercriminal_syndicate
MTN
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
48,096
0
0
0
0
4,312
0
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.68
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
0
TEL000711
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Egypt
diameter_signalling_attack
core_network
GTP_v1
sim_swap_gang
tower_company
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
644
0
0
0
63,896
533,371
0
22
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
security_researcher
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.81
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
7
TEL002801
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Zimbabwe
core_network_intrusion
core_network
BGP
unknown
Telecom_Egypt
3G_UMTS
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
56,956
0
0
0
0
0
0
50
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.76
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
7
0
-3
TEL002527
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
5g_nrf_exploitation
user_data_plane
Diameter_Gx
state_sponsored_apt
Maroc_Telecom
2G_GSM
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
796
0
0
0
4,299
376,309
0
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
90
security_researcher
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.9
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
TEL003752
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Egypt
lawful_intercept_abuse
user_data_plane
BGP
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
6
1,247
0
0
0
388,301
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
6,987
signalling_firewall
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0.78
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
12
0
TEL003321
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Ethiopia
sim_swap_fraud
user_data_plane
GTP_v2
cybercriminal_syndicate
mvno_small_operator
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
8,881
0
39,440
274
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
signalling_firewall
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.08
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
5
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
10
TEL003181
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Ethiopia
imsi_catcher_surveillance
user_data_plane
Diameter_S6a
state_sponsored_apt
submarine_cable_operator
2G_GSM
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
73,680
0
0
0
946,195
78,494
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4.87
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
3
-3
TEL004183
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Ethiopia
ss7_call_sms_intercept
signalling_plane
Diameter_Rx
fraud_syndicate
MTN
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
940
95,258
0
0
39,540
490,622
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2.97
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
8
-3
TEL001615
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Egypt
core_network_intrusion
physical_layer
Diameter_Gx
fraud_syndicate
tower_company
4G_LTE
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
35,218
6,487
0
120
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
5
0
-3
TEL003024
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Ghana
ss7_call_sms_intercept
management_plane
PFCP_5G
surveillance_vendor
Airtel_Africa
fixed_fibre
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
20
0
0
0
149,811
63,733
0
161
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1.3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
3
-3
TEL001413
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Mozambique
ss7_location_tracking
signalling_plane
mobile_money_api
insider_telecom_employee
MTN
3G_UMTS
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2,024,244
0
0
153
7,708
712,861
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
6.31
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
9
8
-3
TEL000763
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Uganda
bts_base_station_spoofing
user_data_plane
OTA_SMS
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
mixed_legacy
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,930
0
0
0
902,143
351,257
0
119
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
regulatory_audit
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.69
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
7
TEL000655
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Nigeria
sim_swap_fraud
signalling_plane
SS7_MAP
fraud_syndicate
Airtel_Africa
4G_LTE
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
763
0
0
0
6,281,214
58,671
817
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
0
security_researcher
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.88
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
7
TEL004797
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
Nigeria
mobile_money_platform_attack
signalling_plane
multiple
insider_telecom_employee
Safaricom
satellite
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
46,454
0
0
0
8,935
0
0
3
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.67
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
TEL003849
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
South Africa
bgp_hijacking
radio_access_network
DNS
state_sponsored_apt
MTN
3G_UMTS
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
653
0
0
0
590,218
0
0
33
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
14
security_researcher
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.81
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
0
TEL004153
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Nigeria
physical_infrastructure_attack
radio_access_network
SS7_MAP
state_sponsored_apt
Telecom_Egypt
5G_NR
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
89,462
0
0
0
9,820
374,240
0
257
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
none
1
191
noc_alert
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.95
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
5
0
1
TEL000468
GSMA Mobile Economy Africa 2024
https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/africa/
Uganda
roaming_fraud
service_layer
HTTP2_5G_SBI
cybercriminal_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
43
0
0
0
36,807,236
14,645
0
37
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
23
signalling_firewall
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.63
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
4
0
0
TEL000157
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Ethiopia
cdrs_billing_fraud
signalling_plane
PFCP_5G
state_sponsored_apt
submarine_cable_operator
4G_LTE
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
60
0
0
0
37,575
0
436,369
19
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
15
security_researcher
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.78
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
0
0
TEL001295
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Egypt
cdrs_billing_fraud
radio_access_network
SIP
cybercriminal_syndicate
submarine_cable_operator
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
41
0
0
0
32,117
0
57,004
16
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
620
subscriber_complaint
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.61
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
5
TEL000497
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
Egypt
core_network_intrusion
signalling_plane
HTTP2_5G_SBI
cybercriminal_syndicate
Telkom_SA
4G_LTE
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
822
0
0
0
53,498
2,541
0
24
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
1
311
noc_alert
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.91
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
5
TEL004740
INTERPOL Africa Cyberthreat Assessment 2025
https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2025/New-INTERPOL-report-warns-of-sharp-rise-in-cybercrime-in-Africa
South Africa
roaming_fraud
user_data_plane
PFCP_5G
insider_telecom_employee
multiple_operators
5G_NR
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,002,679
0
0
0
917,008
66,051
4,061
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
24
noc_alert
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.48
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
8
0
5
TEL002940
ENISA Telecom Security Incidents 2024
https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications
Algeria
bgp_hijacking
signalling_plane
mobile_money_api
unknown
MTN
3G_UMTS
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,306,850
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.52
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
8
0
-3
TEL003456
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
DRC
cdrs_billing_fraud
signalling_plane
USSD
competitor_mno
mvno_small_operator
mixed_legacy
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
773
0
0
0
0
97,691
296,314
127
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.89
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
TEL000373
AdaptiveMobile Simjacker
https://www.adaptivemobile.com/simjacker/
South Africa
dns_hijacking_telecom
service_layer
RTP
fraud_syndicate
Vodacom_Vodafone
mixed_legacy
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
7,530
16,798
0
72
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
none
0
0
undetected
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
5
0
-3
TEL000079
Citizen Lab Pegasus
https://citizenlab.ca/tag/pegasus-project/
Uganda
bgp_hijacking
physical_layer
Diameter_S6a
surveillance_vendor
Orange_Africa
2G_GSM
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
95
0
0
0
3,967
5,237
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
none
1
1
security_researcher
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.98
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
2