country
string
year
int64
urban_rural
string
gender
string
age
int64
age_group
string
income_quintile
string
education
string
account_ownership
int64
digital_literacy
int64
smartphone_ownership
int64
internet_access
int64
digital_payment_use
int64
merchant_acceptance_rate
float64
payment_frequency_monthly
int64
avg_transaction_value_usd
float64
preferred_payment_method
string
payment_types_used
string
payment_purposes
string
primary_barrier
string
payment_success_rate
float64
cash_usage_ratio
float64
scenario
string
South Africa
2,021
rural
female
45
35-44
lowest
secondary
1
6
0
0
1
0.133
3
8.06
bank_transfer
ussd_payment,mobile_money,card_payment
transport,business_to_business,education,groceries,government_services
none
0.781
0.465
low_burden
Mali
2,018
rural
male
61
55+
second
primary
0
9
1
1
0
0.057
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.966
low_burden
Tanzania
2,021
urban
female
29
25-34
highest
none
0
7
1
0
1
0.473
6
89.39
qr_code
card_payment,online_payment,ussd_payment
government_services,online_shopping,education,healthcare,entertainment
none
0.879
0.202
low_burden
South Africa
2,025
urban
female
56
55+
fourth
none
0
3
1
1
1
0.46
5
19.14
mobile_money
bank_transfer,online_payment
utilities,business_to_business
none
0.871
0.45
low_burden
Zambia
2,020
rural
female
33
25-34
highest
primary
1
7
0
1
1
0.059
5
89.25
qr_code
digital_wallet
entertainment,utilities
none
0.868
0.437
low_burden
Zambia
2,025
rural
female
49
45-54
highest
secondary
0
7
1
0
1
0.256
4
91.46
mobile_money
bank_transfer
groceries,healthcare,bill_split,business_to_business,government_services
none
0.804
0.225
low_burden
Malawi
2,020
rural
male
42
35-44
second
primary
0
10
0
0
0
0.074
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.905
low_burden
Nigeria
2,019
urban
female
64
55+
middle
primary
0
3
0
0
1
0.273
4
28.01
mobile_money
qr_code,ussd_payment
business_to_business,utilities,healthcare
none
0.838
0.415
low_burden
South Africa
2,020
rural
female
29
25-34
second
none
1
10
0
0
1
0.08
6
42.85
card_payment
qr_code,ussd_payment,digital_wallet
government_services,healthcare,transport,bill_split,entertainment
none
0.974
0.394
low_burden
Kenya
2,020
urban
female
43
35-44
fourth
secondary
1
10
0
1
1
0.285
8
21.11
qr_code
qr_code,digital_wallet
utilities,entertainment,online_shopping,education
none
0.932
0.573
low_burden
Nigeria
2,018
urban
female
24
15-24
second
secondary
1
10
0
0
1
0.434
9
27.18
mobile_money
bank_transfer,qr_code
business_to_business,transport,groceries,entertainment
none
0.725
0.143
low_burden
Ghana
2,022
urban
female
49
45-54
lowest
secondary
0
4
1
1
0
0.27
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.951
low_burden
Tanzania
2,020
rural
female
17
15-24
lowest
tertiary
0
5
1
0
0
0.062
0
0
cash
none
none
technical_problems
0
0.853
low_burden
Uganda
2,023
urban
male
37
35-44
fourth
none
0
6
0
0
1
0.383
8
57.59
mobile_money
digital_wallet,online_payment
healthcare,online_shopping,business_to_business
none
0.769
0.153
low_burden
Kenya
2,021
urban
male
15
15-24
lowest
none
1
4
1
0
1
0.458
4
15.38
ussd_payment
card_payment,mobile_money
utilities,government_services,transport,online_shopping
none
0.843
0.699
low_burden
Niger
2,021
rural
female
33
25-34
middle
secondary
0
8
1
0
0
0.081
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.876
low_burden
South Africa
2,021
rural
female
41
35-44
highest
primary
0
8
0
0
0
0.103
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.894
low_burden
Uganda
2,019
urban
female
33
25-34
fourth
secondary
1
7
1
1
1
0.397
7
96.58
card_payment
qr_code
transport,utilities,education,groceries
none
0.725
0.27
low_burden
Tanzania
2,023
urban
male
36
35-44
second
secondary
1
8
0
0
1
0.36
10
18.79
mobile_money
ussd_payment,qr_code
bill_split,utilities,education
none
0.747
0.412
low_burden
Zambia
2,018
rural
male
23
15-24
lowest
none
1
9
0
0
0
0.064
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.953
low_burden
Mozambique
2,023
urban
male
54
45-54
highest
tertiary
0
10
0
1
1
0.393
9
82.07
mobile_money
card_payment
utilities,online_shopping,groceries,healthcare,transport
none
0.744
0.327
low_burden
Niger
2,025
urban
female
58
55+
middle
none
1
8
1
1
0
0.526
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.95
low_burden
Mali
2,024
rural
female
40
35-44
second
secondary
1
3
1
0
1
0.207
2
27.35
mobile_money
ussd_payment,digital_wallet,mobile_money
education,online_shopping
none
0.947
0.598
low_burden
Senegal
2,021
urban
female
18
15-24
highest
primary
0
4
1
1
0
0.399
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.891
low_burden
Malawi
2,020
rural
male
18
15-24
lowest
secondary
0
10
0
1
0
0.05
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.555
low_burden
Nigeria
2,024
urban
female
52
45-54
second
none
0
9
1
1
1
0.464
6
21.3
mobile_money
mobile_money,qr_code
online_shopping,utilities,groceries,business_to_business
none
0.933
0.466
low_burden
DRC
2,020
urban
female
66
55+
lowest
tertiary
0
10
0
1
0
0.414
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.856
low_burden
DRC
2,021
urban
male
62
55+
lowest
tertiary
0
7
0
1
0
0.318
0
0
cash
none
none
technical_problems
0
0.627
low_burden
Kenya
2,024
urban
female
37
35-44
second
secondary
0
3
0
1
0
0.327
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.637
low_burden
Niger
2,025
urban
female
42
35-44
fourth
secondary
0
7
1
0
1
0.339
4
23.8
ussd_payment
mobile_money,bank_transfer,qr_code
transport,online_shopping,entertainment,utilities,business_to_business
none
0.896
0.292
low_burden
Uganda
2,025
urban
male
23
15-24
second
secondary
1
9
1
1
1
0.374
10
55.29
online_payment
bank_transfer
utilities,groceries
none
0.865
0.5
low_burden
Mali
2,018
rural
male
18
15-24
fourth
secondary
0
4
0
1
0
0.055
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.721
low_burden
DRC
2,025
rural
female
57
55+
fourth
secondary
0
5
0
0
0
0.263
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.93
low_burden
Uganda
2,018
urban
female
38
35-44
highest
secondary
0
6
0
1
1
0.255
6
58.16
mobile_money
digital_wallet,online_payment,ussd_payment
business_to_business,transport,utilities,entertainment
none
0.622
0.289
low_burden
Malawi
2,022
rural
female
42
35-44
lowest
tertiary
1
4
1
0
0
0.113
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.723
low_burden
Uganda
2,025
rural
female
33
25-34
fourth
secondary
1
10
0
0
1
0.196
7
35.61
ussd_payment
mobile_money,qr_code
groceries,business_to_business
none
0.723
0.667
low_burden
Senegal
2,023
rural
male
32
25-34
lowest
primary
1
6
0
1
1
0.132
0
5.12
mobile_money
bank_transfer
transport,groceries,education,bill_split,government_services
none
0.981
0.361
low_burden
Mozambique
2,025
urban
female
69
55+
fourth
tertiary
1
10
1
0
1
0.484
11
53.72
ussd_payment
mobile_money,qr_code
online_shopping,entertainment,transport
none
0.937
0.135
low_burden
Uganda
2,020
urban
female
59
55+
second
primary
1
2
0
1
1
0.35
8
28.28
ussd_payment
bank_transfer,qr_code
groceries,education,utilities,business_to_business,entertainment
none
0.923
0.404
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,020
urban
male
53
45-54
fourth
none
1
10
1
1
1
0.296
8
97.75
online_payment
mobile_money,ussd_payment
transport,online_shopping,entertainment
none
0.952
0.503
low_burden
South Africa
2,020
urban
female
36
35-44
lowest
tertiary
1
9
0
0
1
0.431
11
13.04
mobile_money
online_payment,qr_code,ussd_payment
government_services,bill_split
none
0.968
0.398
low_burden
Tanzania
2,020
urban
male
54
45-54
middle
primary
0
9
1
1
1
0.548
14
39.73
mobile_money
online_payment
business_to_business,bill_split,utilities,groceries
none
0.756
0.366
low_burden
Uganda
2,023
rural
male
33
25-34
lowest
none
0
4
0
1
0
0.127
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.782
low_burden
Zambia
2,021
rural
male
43
35-44
lowest
secondary
0
1
0
1
0
0.105
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.577
low_burden
Zambia
2,023
urban
female
22
15-24
middle
secondary
1
5
1
1
1
0.242
9
57.74
bank_transfer
qr_code,online_payment
transport,entertainment
none
0.817
0.275
low_burden
Rwanda
2,021
rural
male
54
45-54
second
none
1
5
0
1
1
0.116
5
51.74
mobile_money
ussd_payment,online_payment
online_shopping,entertainment,transport,healthcare
none
0.805
0.543
low_burden
Tanzania
2,020
urban
male
18
15-24
fourth
primary
1
6
1
1
1
0.314
7
62.94
bank_transfer
mobile_money,bank_transfer,qr_code
entertainment,bill_split,healthcare,business_to_business,education
none
0.856
0.661
low_burden
South Africa
2,019
rural
female
54
45-54
fourth
none
0
2
1
1
0
0.05
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.902
low_burden
Zambia
2,022
rural
male
48
45-54
middle
primary
1
1
0
0
1
0.126
1
29.37
mobile_money
qr_code,mobile_money,ussd_payment
groceries,online_shopping,government_services
none
0.781
0.235
low_burden
Tanzania
2,025
urban
female
18
15-24
fourth
primary
0
9
1
1
1
0.511
14
95.32
ussd_payment
ussd_payment,qr_code,bank_transfer
bill_split,online_shopping,government_services,healthcare,education
none
0.919
0.16
low_burden
South Africa
2,024
rural
female
42
35-44
fourth
none
1
7
0
0
1
0.167
6
96.55
qr_code
digital_wallet
online_shopping,education,transport,entertainment
none
0.813
0.699
low_burden
Mozambique
2,020
rural
male
27
25-34
highest
tertiary
1
4
1
0
1
0.112
1
36.21
bank_transfer
card_payment,digital_wallet
utilities,bill_split
none
0.912
0.322
low_burden
Zambia
2,021
rural
male
41
35-44
lowest
secondary
1
8
1
1
1
0.083
7
18.73
ussd_payment
card_payment,bank_transfer
entertainment,online_shopping,transport
none
0.814
0.173
low_burden
Kenya
2,023
rural
female
15
15-24
middle
secondary
1
10
1
0
1
0.144
4
57.09
mobile_money
mobile_money,qr_code
entertainment,utilities,education
none
0.742
0.37
low_burden
Senegal
2,022
rural
male
54
45-54
fourth
tertiary
1
10
1
0
1
0.171
2
74.92
card_payment
qr_code
transport,utilities,groceries,online_shopping
none
0.923
0.096
low_burden
Senegal
2,018
urban
male
43
35-44
lowest
tertiary
0
4
1
1
0
0.313
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.657
low_burden
Nigeria
2,022
urban
female
34
25-34
second
secondary
1
7
0
1
1
0.414
12
22.66
bank_transfer
card_payment,online_payment
transport,education,groceries,utilities
none
0.883
0.416
low_burden
Rwanda
2,018
rural
female
63
55+
second
primary
1
1
1
0
0
0.05
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.507
low_burden
DRC
2,018
urban
female
50
45-54
middle
secondary
1
2
0
0
1
0.208
6
27.55
mobile_money
qr_code,ussd_payment
transport,online_shopping
none
0.886
0.177
low_burden
Uganda
2,023
rural
female
48
45-54
second
secondary
0
9
1
1
0
0.152
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.833
low_burden
Niger
2,018
rural
female
23
15-24
middle
primary
0
10
0
0
0
0.096
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.857
low_burden
Nigeria
2,020
urban
female
42
35-44
middle
primary
0
4
1
0
1
0.467
15
69.71
mobile_money
online_payment,ussd_payment
groceries,healthcare,bill_split
none
0.862
0.449
low_burden
Mali
2,022
urban
female
53
45-54
middle
primary
0
6
1
1
1
0.472
12
39.57
mobile_money
ussd_payment,mobile_money
education,healthcare,business_to_business
none
0.964
0.714
low_burden
Malawi
2,023
rural
female
65
55+
second
primary
0
1
0
0
0
0.164
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.793
low_burden
Kenya
2,021
urban
female
48
45-54
fourth
secondary
1
10
1
0
1
0.476
11
47.65
bank_transfer
mobile_money,digital_wallet
bill_split,education,entertainment,groceries
none
0.823
0.078
low_burden
South Africa
2,018
urban
female
24
15-24
middle
primary
0
8
1
1
1
0.217
10
32.63
mobile_money
mobile_money,digital_wallet,card_payment
government_services,education
none
0.779
0.343
low_burden
Nigeria
2,024
urban
male
52
45-54
lowest
primary
0
4
1
1
0
0.207
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.9
low_burden
Senegal
2,025
rural
female
19
15-24
lowest
none
1
10
0
1
1
0.241
4
15.72
digital_wallet
bank_transfer,digital_wallet
groceries,healthcare,bill_split,online_shopping
none
0.868
0.284
low_burden
Nigeria
2,025
rural
female
32
25-34
second
tertiary
1
4
1
1
1
0.166
4
24.05
mobile_money
qr_code,ussd_payment
online_shopping,transport,education,entertainment
none
0.83
0.219
low_burden
Mozambique
2,023
urban
male
65
55+
highest
primary
0
4
1
1
0
0.501
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.759
low_burden
Mali
2,021
rural
male
59
55+
second
primary
1
8
1
0
1
0.127
3
46.14
bank_transfer
online_payment,ussd_payment
groceries,healthcare,education,online_shopping,government_services
none
0.788
0.275
low_burden
DRC
2,025
urban
female
64
55+
lowest
secondary
1
6
0
1
1
0.48
10
19.58
qr_code
ussd_payment,card_payment,mobile_money
government_services,education,entertainment,transport,utilities
none
0.902
0.299
low_burden
Malawi
2,021
rural
male
34
25-34
lowest
secondary
1
9
0
0
1
0.102
3
18.93
mobile_money
card_payment
bill_split,healthcare
none
0.76
0.293
low_burden
Zambia
2,019
urban
male
52
45-54
lowest
secondary
1
4
1
1
0
0.322
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.817
low_burden
Rwanda
2,024
rural
male
53
45-54
second
secondary
0
7
0
0
0
0.164
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.867
low_burden
Mali
2,020
rural
male
28
25-34
fourth
primary
0
7
0
0
1
0.088
4
47.26
mobile_money
ussd_payment,online_payment
healthcare,government_services,entertainment,groceries,business_to_business
none
0.828
0.564
low_burden
DRC
2,025
rural
female
66
55+
second
tertiary
0
2
0
0
0
0.18
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.853
low_burden
Kenya
2,020
urban
male
68
55+
fourth
secondary
1
5
1
1
1
0.313
10
69.74
ussd_payment
mobile_money,qr_code
healthcare,business_to_business,government_services,utilities
none
0.854
0.336
low_burden
Rwanda
2,024
rural
male
21
15-24
lowest
secondary
1
4
0
1
1
0.167
4
10.02
digital_wallet
card_payment,digital_wallet
groceries,bill_split,transport
none
0.838
0.336
low_burden
Uganda
2,022
rural
female
57
55+
second
none
0
6
0
0
1
0.118
3
28.35
mobile_money
ussd_payment,online_payment
utilities,bill_split
none
0.623
0.147
low_burden
Tanzania
2,021
rural
male
39
35-44
fourth
secondary
0
5
0
1
0
0.089
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.894
low_burden
DRC
2,020
rural
male
52
45-54
fourth
primary
1
5
0
0
1
0.154
2
23.18
ussd_payment
digital_wallet
online_shopping,government_services,bill_split
none
0.832
0.494
low_burden
Ghana
2,024
rural
female
45
35-44
highest
primary
0
2
0
0
0
0.141
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.811
low_burden
Mali
2,018
urban
female
27
25-34
second
secondary
0
10
1
1
1
0.134
5
22.91
ussd_payment
ussd_payment
education,healthcare,entertainment,bill_split,government_services
none
0.928
0.117
low_burden
Malawi
2,021
rural
female
20
15-24
middle
secondary
0
9
1
1
0
0.086
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.734
low_burden
Ghana
2,020
urban
female
43
35-44
fourth
primary
1
8
1
1
0
0.477
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.819
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,022
rural
female
61
55+
lowest
tertiary
1
4
0
0
0
0.192
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.582
low_burden
Zambia
2,020
urban
male
60
55+
fourth
primary
0
8
0
0
0
0.262
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.914
low_burden
Mali
2,023
urban
female
30
25-34
second
secondary
0
5
1
1
0
0.55
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.912
low_burden
Rwanda
2,021
rural
female
62
55+
lowest
none
0
5
0
1
0
0.115
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.964
low_burden
Mozambique
2,019
rural
male
34
25-34
fourth
primary
0
4
0
0
0
0.112
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.766
low_burden
Mozambique
2,019
rural
female
45
35-44
fourth
tertiary
1
5
0
1
1
0.101
6
40.26
mobile_money
card_payment,qr_code,ussd_payment
groceries,business_to_business
none
0.773
0.392
low_burden
Mali
2,023
rural
male
32
25-34
highest
none
0
8
1
0
1
0.118
7
84.87
mobile_money
mobile_money
government_services,education
none
0.647
0.589
low_burden
Rwanda
2,020
urban
female
43
35-44
highest
tertiary
0
6
1
1
1
0.36
8
69.96
ussd_payment
card_payment
transport,government_services
none
0.891
0.49
low_burden
Tanzania
2,020
urban
female
44
35-44
second
primary
0
9
1
1
1
0.28
3
33.58
qr_code
card_payment,online_payment,bank_transfer
business_to_business,healthcare
none
0.881
0.29
low_burden
Malawi
2,023
urban
female
53
45-54
middle
secondary
0
7
1
1
1
0.412
2
24.89
mobile_money
bank_transfer,ussd_payment
bill_split,online_shopping,entertainment,groceries,transport
none
0.812
0.238
low_burden
Uganda
2,020
rural
male
40
35-44
highest
none
1
10
0
0
1
0.079
8
132.94
online_payment
card_payment,ussd_payment,qr_code
online_shopping,utilities,bill_split,transport
none
0.965
0.339
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,021
rural
female
44
35-44
lowest
secondary
0
2
0
1
0
0.151
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.79
low_burden
Mozambique
2,019
rural
female
50
45-54
middle
tertiary
0
10
1
0
0
0.08
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.954
low_burden
Malawi
2,020
rural
male
37
35-44
highest
secondary
1
2
0
0
1
0.092
5
187.35
bank_transfer
mobile_money,card_payment
online_shopping,healthcare,groceries,education,entertainment
none
0.826
0.637
low_burden