country
string
year
int64
urban_rural
string
gender
string
age
int64
age_group
string
income_quintile
string
education
string
account_ownership
int64
digital_literacy
int64
smartphone_ownership
int64
internet_access
int64
digital_payment_use
int64
merchant_acceptance_rate
float64
payment_frequency_monthly
int64
avg_transaction_value_usd
float64
preferred_payment_method
string
payment_types_used
string
payment_purposes
string
primary_barrier
string
payment_success_rate
float64
cash_usage_ratio
float64
scenario
string
Rwanda
2,025
rural
female
44
35-44
fourth
tertiary
0
5
1
1
1
0.227
8
75.01
online_payment
online_payment,qr_code
online_shopping,government_services,groceries
none
0.745
0.546
low_burden
Mali
2,025
rural
male
23
15-24
highest
primary
0
6
0
1
1
0.307
1
123.55
mobile_money
mobile_money,bank_transfer
education,groceries,healthcare
none
0.967
0.571
low_burden
Mali
2,020
rural
male
49
45-54
middle
none
1
5
0
0
0
0.056
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.86
low_burden
Nigeria
2,024
rural
female
39
35-44
highest
secondary
0
1
1
1
1
0.185
4
88.45
mobile_money
qr_code,ussd_payment,mobile_money
online_shopping,transport
none
0.668
0.419
low_burden
DRC
2,019
rural
female
69
55+
highest
primary
1
3
1
0
0
0.085
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.891
low_burden
Senegal
2,021
urban
male
63
55+
fourth
none
0
2
0
1
1
0.486
5
22.02
ussd_payment
ussd_payment,qr_code
utilities,groceries,bill_split
none
0.827
0.157
low_burden
Tanzania
2,019
rural
male
48
45-54
lowest
secondary
1
3
0
0
1
0.072
8
10.96
card_payment
bank_transfer,qr_code,mobile_money
bill_split,online_shopping
none
0.619
0.259
low_burden
Zambia
2,021
urban
female
39
35-44
middle
secondary
0
8
0
0
1
0.265
11
15.49
digital_wallet
digital_wallet,mobile_money,ussd_payment
education,transport,entertainment,groceries
none
0.871
0.204
low_burden
South Africa
2,024
urban
male
54
45-54
fourth
tertiary
0
3
1
1
0
0.48
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.945
low_burden
DRC
2,021
rural
male
51
45-54
highest
tertiary
1
3
0
0
0
0.119
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.956
low_burden
DRC
2,018
rural
male
22
15-24
lowest
secondary
0
7
1
0
0
0.05
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.944
low_burden
Malawi
2,020
urban
female
35
25-34
second
secondary
1
7
0
0
1
0.403
5
34.37
mobile_money
ussd_payment,qr_code,mobile_money
online_shopping,entertainment,bill_split
none
0.769
0.224
low_burden
Mali
2,024
rural
female
69
55+
second
primary
1
9
0
1
1
0.154
4
27.28
bank_transfer
bank_transfer,ussd_payment,card_payment
groceries,online_shopping,utilities,bill_split,entertainment
none
0.656
0.194
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,022
rural
male
32
25-34
second
tertiary
0
8
1
1
0
0.19
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.906
low_burden
Niger
2,022
urban
male
15
15-24
fourth
secondary
0
10
0
1
0
0.307
0
0
cash
none
none
technical_problems
0
0.548
low_burden
Rwanda
2,021
urban
female
60
55+
lowest
primary
0
9
0
1
0
0.242
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.937
low_burden
Ghana
2,020
urban
female
66
55+
second
none
1
7
1
1
1
0.272
10
28.82
ussd_payment
bank_transfer,ussd_payment,card_payment
utilities,transport
none
0.891
0.691
low_burden
Ghana
2,022
rural
female
51
45-54
fourth
secondary
1
4
1
1
1
0.098
5
67.17
bank_transfer
card_payment
bill_split,online_shopping
none
0.817
0.452
low_burden
Kenya
2,023
rural
male
49
45-54
second
secondary
1
2
0
0
1
0.109
7
20.55
mobile_money
mobile_money,qr_code,bank_transfer
groceries,transport,bill_split,government_services
none
0.96
0.371
low_burden
Nigeria
2,025
rural
female
34
25-34
lowest
secondary
0
9
1
0
0
0.152
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.881
low_burden
Malawi
2,022
urban
female
34
25-34
middle
primary
0
10
0
1
0
0.525
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.752
low_burden
Zambia
2,025
rural
female
65
55+
middle
secondary
1
4
1
1
1
0.259
4
18.26
mobile_money
bank_transfer,card_payment,qr_code
utilities,bill_split,healthcare,business_to_business,transport
none
0.911
0.469
low_burden
Nigeria
2,024
rural
male
62
55+
highest
none
1
4
1
1
1
0.178
5
69.29
ussd_payment
card_payment
business_to_business,education,groceries,healthcare,entertainment
none
0.759
0.063
low_burden
Malawi
2,018
rural
female
42
35-44
fourth
secondary
1
1
1
1
0
0.05
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.439
low_burden
Rwanda
2,021
urban
male
32
25-34
highest
primary
1
8
1
0
1
0.304
5
108.19
mobile_money
digital_wallet,online_payment,ussd_payment
business_to_business,groceries,education
none
0.776
0.291
low_burden
Ghana
2,021
rural
male
25
15-24
lowest
primary
1
5
1
1
1
0.082
8
6.69
mobile_money
online_payment,mobile_money
education,transport
none
0.865
0.38
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,018
rural
male
15
15-24
fourth
primary
1
2
1
0
1
0.066
3
57.71
bank_transfer
card_payment,digital_wallet
business_to_business,utilities,transport,bill_split,online_shopping
none
0.908
0.069
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,019
urban
female
41
35-44
middle
primary
1
2
0
0
0
0.186
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.744
low_burden
Zambia
2,024
urban
male
45
35-44
fourth
primary
1
5
1
0
1
0.488
7
28.63
online_payment
ussd_payment,digital_wallet,card_payment
transport,online_shopping
none
0.985
0.552
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,020
urban
female
52
45-54
second
secondary
1
6
0
0
0
0.334
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.782
low_burden
Mali
2,019
urban
female
59
55+
lowest
primary
0
6
1
0
0
0.512
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.897
low_burden
Tanzania
2,020
rural
female
35
25-34
lowest
secondary
0
8
0
0
0
0.107
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.749
low_burden
Malawi
2,020
urban
male
24
15-24
fourth
secondary
1
8
1
1
0
0.433
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.638
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,019
urban
female
61
55+
fourth
none
1
9
0
0
1
0.375
9
70.18
card_payment
card_payment
online_shopping,government_services,transport,healthcare,entertainment
none
0.904
0.367
low_burden
Nigeria
2,018
rural
male
56
55+
lowest
tertiary
0
4
0
1
0
0.1
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.709
low_burden
Niger
2,024
urban
male
44
35-44
middle
secondary
1
4
0
1
1
0.315
6
18.49
bank_transfer
qr_code,card_payment,bank_transfer
business_to_business,entertainment
none
0.72
0.435
low_burden
Ghana
2,024
urban
male
17
15-24
fourth
secondary
1
8
0
0
1
0.286
7
77.31
online_payment
bank_transfer,qr_code,card_payment
groceries,online_shopping,education,entertainment,bill_split
none
0.697
0.228
low_burden
Tanzania
2,021
rural
male
40
35-44
middle
secondary
1
2
1
0
0
0.159
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.959
low_burden
Mali
2,022
urban
female
49
45-54
second
secondary
1
9
1
1
0
0.307
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.732
low_burden
South Africa
2,025
urban
male
62
55+
highest
tertiary
0
4
1
0
1
0.417
5
42.81
mobile_money
digital_wallet,online_payment
business_to_business,utilities,online_shopping
none
0.833
0.417
low_burden
Niger
2,024
urban
male
42
35-44
middle
none
0
10
0
1
0
0.629
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.878
low_burden
Mozambique
2,018
urban
female
40
35-44
fourth
none
1
10
1
0
1
0.187
3
32.49
mobile_money
bank_transfer,qr_code,digital_wallet
education,healthcare,government_services,utilities,business_to_business
none
0.807
0.589
low_burden
DRC
2,025
rural
male
35
25-34
middle
secondary
1
6
0
0
1
0.185
3
49.11
bank_transfer
digital_wallet,bank_transfer
online_shopping,transport,government_services,education,entertainment
none
0.686
0.159
low_burden
Zambia
2,018
urban
male
37
35-44
fourth
primary
0
5
0
1
0
0.348
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.692
low_burden
Mali
2,018
urban
male
15
15-24
lowest
secondary
0
6
1
1
0
0.349
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.988
low_burden
Tanzania
2,021
rural
male
20
15-24
highest
primary
0
6
1
0
1
0.098
3
78.85
qr_code
ussd_payment,online_payment,bank_transfer
healthcare,entertainment,transport,online_shopping
none
0.929
0.59
low_burden
Malawi
2,023
rural
female
56
55+
second
primary
0
5
0
1
0
0.156
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.716
low_burden
Senegal
2,018
urban
male
34
25-34
fourth
tertiary
1
4
1
0
1
0.283
11
19.53
online_payment
qr_code,mobile_money
business_to_business,online_shopping,transport,utilities
none
0.862
0.25
low_burden
South Africa
2,020
urban
male
61
55+
highest
none
1
3
1
1
1
0.447
8
122.59
qr_code
online_payment,qr_code,mobile_money
bill_split,online_shopping
none
0.917
0.43
low_burden
DRC
2,020
rural
female
36
35-44
middle
primary
1
8
1
1
1
0.143
7
12.14
card_payment
digital_wallet
entertainment,groceries,utilities,healthcare,online_shopping
none
0.86
0.442
low_burden
Zambia
2,021
rural
male
69
55+
middle
secondary
0
1
0
0
0
0.103
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.852
low_burden
Rwanda
2,025
rural
female
24
15-24
lowest
secondary
1
6
0
0
0
0.17
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.912
low_burden
Ghana
2,020
urban
female
25
15-24
second
secondary
0
10
1
1
1
0.44
6
23.72
ussd_payment
mobile_money
transport,business_to_business,bill_split
none
0.916
0.271
low_burden
DRC
2,019
urban
male
47
45-54
middle
primary
0
2
1
1
0
0.474
0
0
cash
none
none
technical_problems
0
0.76
low_burden
Senegal
2,018
urban
male
59
55+
lowest
tertiary
0
10
0
1
0
0.34
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.913
low_burden
Zambia
2,019
rural
male
22
15-24
lowest
secondary
0
6
1
1
0
0.109
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.672
low_burden
Mali
2,019
rural
male
42
35-44
highest
secondary
1
5
0
0
1
0.05
7
242.83
mobile_money
digital_wallet,online_payment,card_payment
education,groceries,utilities
none
0.817
0.624
low_burden
Rwanda
2,022
urban
female
27
25-34
second
none
1
10
1
1
1
0.322
8
27.01
online_payment
ussd_payment
online_shopping,healthcare,utilities
none
0.822
0.204
low_burden
Uganda
2,021
rural
female
55
45-54
second
primary
0
8
0
0
0
0.207
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.784
low_burden
Tanzania
2,021
urban
male
45
35-44
second
secondary
0
6
0
0
1
0.286
7
21.78
bank_transfer
ussd_payment,bank_transfer
government_services,groceries,bill_split,healthcare,online_shopping
none
0.883
0.174
low_burden
Nigeria
2,024
rural
male
50
45-54
middle
secondary
0
1
0
0
1
0.18
3
33.76
mobile_money
qr_code
healthcare,utilities,entertainment,business_to_business,online_shopping
none
0.761
0.355
low_burden
Mali
2,022
rural
male
29
25-34
middle
none
0
10
0
1
0
0.163
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.716
low_burden
Kenya
2,019
rural
female
30
25-34
fourth
secondary
0
2
0
0
1
0.069
4
30.24
qr_code
card_payment,qr_code,mobile_money
online_shopping,healthcare,groceries,utilities,entertainment
none
0.767
0.383
low_burden
Ghana
2,021
urban
female
50
45-54
middle
secondary
1
10
1
1
1
0.36
8
38.15
mobile_money
ussd_payment,online_payment,digital_wallet
healthcare,education,utilities,online_shopping,entertainment
none
0.821
0.196
low_burden
Senegal
2,020
rural
male
34
25-34
lowest
primary
1
6
0
0
1
0.102
6
46.51
qr_code
online_payment,qr_code
transport,entertainment,government_services
none
0.964
0.472
low_burden
Niger
2,024
urban
female
52
45-54
middle
secondary
0
7
0
0
1
0.514
7
28.29
mobile_money
ussd_payment,digital_wallet
business_to_business,healthcare,education
none
0.896
0.433
low_burden
Zambia
2,020
rural
male
23
15-24
lowest
primary
0
9
0
0
0
0.088
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.687
low_burden
DRC
2,019
urban
female
31
25-34
fourth
tertiary
0
10
1
1
1
0.188
9
34.8
mobile_money
digital_wallet,qr_code
utilities,healthcare,online_shopping
none
0.892
0.576
low_burden
Mozambique
2,023
rural
female
20
15-24
lowest
secondary
1
3
1
1
0
0.202
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.758
low_burden
Uganda
2,021
urban
female
19
15-24
lowest
secondary
0
10
1
1
1
0.334
6
19.93
ussd_payment
digital_wallet,mobile_money
bill_split,online_shopping,utilities
none
0.765
0.376
low_burden
South Africa
2,018
urban
male
29
25-34
second
tertiary
1
10
1
1
1
0.304
2
37.62
mobile_money
card_payment,bank_transfer,qr_code
government_services,business_to_business,utilities
none
0.938
0.085
low_burden
Rwanda
2,023
urban
male
41
35-44
lowest
secondary
1
5
1
1
1
0.429
5
16.56
bank_transfer
qr_code,ussd_payment,digital_wallet
education,utilities,online_shopping
none
0.715
0.323
low_burden
Rwanda
2,019
urban
female
22
15-24
middle
primary
1
7
1
1
1
0.156
5
29.99
qr_code
digital_wallet,card_payment,ussd_payment
education,groceries,healthcare,bill_split,government_services
none
0.61
0.548
low_burden
Uganda
2,024
urban
male
20
15-24
second
secondary
0
10
0
0
0
0.49
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.696
low_burden
Rwanda
2,024
rural
male
63
55+
highest
tertiary
1
3
1
1
1
0.189
2
113.62
qr_code
mobile_money,card_payment,online_payment
utilities,healthcare,education
none
0.856
0.43
low_burden
Niger
2,020
urban
female
43
35-44
lowest
none
1
7
0
1
0
0.27
0
0
cash
none
none
technical_problems
0
0.665
low_burden
Senegal
2,022
urban
female
54
45-54
middle
secondary
1
9
0
0
1
0.356
13
16.81
mobile_money
online_payment
utilities,healthcare
none
0.79
0.421
low_burden
Uganda
2,022
urban
female
54
45-54
fourth
none
1
7
1
1
1
0.413
10
40.9
mobile_money
digital_wallet
government_services,healthcare
none
0.942
0.359
low_burden
Zambia
2,023
urban
female
20
15-24
lowest
secondary
0
7
1
1
0
0.415
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.767
low_burden
South Africa
2,018
rural
female
49
45-54
middle
secondary
0
6
1
1
1
0.06
5
11.02
mobile_money
card_payment
government_services,business_to_business,education,utilities,transport
none
0.878
0.344
low_burden
Niger
2,020
rural
male
62
55+
highest
tertiary
0
7
0
0
0
0.08
0
0
cash
none
none
technical_problems
0
0.936
low_burden
Nigeria
2,019
urban
female
39
35-44
fourth
secondary
1
10
1
0
1
0.275
5
49.48
ussd_payment
bank_transfer,mobile_money,digital_wallet
government_services,business_to_business
none
0.811
0.18
low_burden
South Africa
2,023
rural
female
62
55+
highest
none
0
9
1
1
1
0.16
2
77.37
ussd_payment
card_payment,ussd_payment,digital_wallet
bill_split,online_shopping
none
0.733
0.404
low_burden
South Africa
2,018
rural
female
67
55+
fourth
secondary
1
10
1
0
1
0.05
2
88.31
card_payment
mobile_money
transport,groceries,business_to_business,entertainment,education
none
0.931
0.506
low_burden
Nigeria
2,022
rural
male
45
35-44
second
tertiary
0
2
0
1
0
0.12
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.666
low_burden
DRC
2,023
urban
male
20
15-24
highest
primary
0
6
1
1
0
0.381
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.935
low_burden
Malawi
2,025
urban
female
48
45-54
lowest
none
1
10
1
1
1
0.533
12
10.26
digital_wallet
qr_code
government_services,business_to_business
none
0.859
0.364
low_burden
Senegal
2,020
rural
male
63
55+
middle
secondary
0
7
0
0
0
0.123
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.97
low_burden
Malawi
2,018
rural
male
46
45-54
fourth
secondary
1
4
1
0
0
0.149
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.871
low_burden
Mali
2,023
rural
female
59
55+
highest
none
0
7
0
0
1
0.13
4
144.69
mobile_money
card_payment,mobile_money
entertainment,government_services
none
0.776
0.529
low_burden
South Africa
2,018
rural
female
44
35-44
highest
primary
0
5
0
1
1
0.089
2
77.52
qr_code
ussd_payment
transport,entertainment
none
0.761
0.2
low_burden
Mali
2,018
urban
male
38
35-44
lowest
primary
0
10
1
0
0
0.262
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.664
low_burden
Mozambique
2,025
rural
male
67
55+
fourth
secondary
0
6
1
1
0
0.169
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.826
low_burden
South Africa
2,024
rural
male
23
15-24
lowest
primary
1
6
1
1
0
0.147
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.748
low_burden
Uganda
2,023
urban
female
39
35-44
fourth
primary
0
8
0
0
1
0.369
4
71.89
mobile_money
ussd_payment
entertainment,groceries,business_to_business
none
0.905
0.689
low_burden
Ghana
2,024
rural
female
23
15-24
fourth
secondary
0
3
0
0
1
0.175
5
76.8
mobile_money
digital_wallet
bill_split,groceries
none
0.701
0.066
low_burden
Niger
2,018
urban
male
51
45-54
lowest
primary
0
9
1
0
0
0.274
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.764
low_burden
Senegal
2,018
rural
male
65
55+
fourth
secondary
1
3
0
0
1
0.059
3
53.48
mobile_money
online_payment
business_to_business,entertainment,bill_split,groceries
none
0.783
0.354
low_burden
Kenya
2,020
rural
male
69
55+
second
primary
1
1
1
0
0
0.103
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.832
low_burden
Uganda
2,018
rural
male
27
25-34
middle
primary
0
2
1
1
0
0.05
0
0
cash
none
none
technical_problems
0
0.986
low_burden