country
string
year
int64
urban_rural
string
gender
string
age
int64
age_group
string
income_quintile
string
education
string
account_ownership
int64
digital_literacy
int64
smartphone_ownership
int64
internet_access
int64
digital_payment_use
int64
merchant_acceptance_rate
float64
payment_frequency_monthly
int64
avg_transaction_value_usd
float64
preferred_payment_method
string
payment_types_used
string
payment_purposes
string
primary_barrier
string
payment_success_rate
float64
cash_usage_ratio
float64
scenario
string
Ethiopia
2,023
urban
male
55
45-54
middle
secondary
0
7
1
1
0
0.452
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.306
low_burden
Mozambique
2,023
rural
female
23
15-24
highest
primary
0
2
1
0
1
0.145
8
52.65
mobile_money
bank_transfer,qr_code
government_services,bill_split,online_shopping,utilities
none
0.837
0.346
low_burden
Zambia
2,020
urban
male
68
55+
highest
primary
1
10
1
1
1
0.379
5
44.55
online_payment
bank_transfer
healthcare,entertainment,online_shopping,utilities
none
0.842
0.382
low_burden
Niger
2,019
rural
female
38
35-44
fourth
none
0
9
1
1
1
0.089
0
45.8
ussd_payment
digital_wallet,ussd_payment
bill_split,government_services,entertainment,healthcare,utilities
none
0.767
0.354
low_burden
Malawi
2,020
rural
male
63
55+
highest
none
1
8
1
0
1
0.056
4
529.96
ussd_payment
mobile_money
transport,education,bill_split,entertainment,healthcare
none
0.753
0.287
low_burden
Ghana
2,024
rural
male
37
35-44
lowest
primary
0
3
0
1
1
0.206
5
23.94
qr_code
ussd_payment,qr_code,bank_transfer
healthcare,utilities,online_shopping,business_to_business,transport
none
0.921
0.541
low_burden
Mali
2,025
urban
male
37
35-44
fourth
secondary
1
9
0
1
1
0.569
6
67.03
mobile_money
ussd_payment,digital_wallet,card_payment
utilities,groceries
none
0.88
0.552
low_burden
South Africa
2,025
urban
male
48
45-54
highest
tertiary
0
7
0
1
1
0.511
11
143.87
ussd_payment
online_payment,qr_code
entertainment,education,healthcare
none
0.855
0.661
low_burden
Ghana
2,019
rural
female
25
15-24
lowest
none
1
8
0
1
1
0.05
3
28.19
mobile_money
mobile_money
utilities,healthcare,business_to_business,bill_split
none
0.923
0.53
low_burden
Mali
2,022
urban
female
48
45-54
lowest
none
0
4
0
1
0
0.351
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.789
low_burden
Ghana
2,019
rural
male
69
55+
fourth
none
1
5
1
0
1
0.087
4
61.73
mobile_money
digital_wallet
groceries,education,transport,online_shopping,entertainment
none
0.839
0.206
low_burden
Niger
2,023
urban
female
50
45-54
middle
secondary
0
10
1
0
0
0.303
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.876
low_burden
Mali
2,021
rural
female
18
15-24
lowest
primary
1
3
1
1
1
0.071
3
15.32
mobile_money
ussd_payment
groceries,business_to_business,bill_split,utilities
none
0.771
0.513
low_burden
Malawi
2,023
urban
female
53
45-54
second
primary
0
5
1
1
0
0.443
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.842
low_burden
Mali
2,023
rural
male
16
15-24
second
tertiary
1
5
0
0
0
0.181
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.89
low_burden
Tanzania
2,025
urban
male
20
15-24
second
tertiary
0
5
1
1
1
0.582
6
19.42
mobile_money
card_payment
entertainment,bill_split,groceries,online_shopping
none
0.887
0.568
low_burden
Uganda
2,021
rural
female
30
25-34
highest
secondary
0
5
0
0
0
0.139
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.867
low_burden
Uganda
2,020
urban
female
31
25-34
middle
none
1
9
1
1
1
0.46
8
39.05
mobile_money
card_payment
government_services,utilities
none
0.779
0.393
low_burden
Malawi
2,022
rural
male
15
15-24
fourth
primary
1
2
1
0
1
0.155
5
92.53
online_payment
card_payment,mobile_money
healthcare,government_services,business_to_business,utilities,groceries
none
0.918
0.329
low_burden
Mozambique
2,019
rural
female
15
15-24
lowest
primary
1
4
0
1
0
0.069
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.854
low_burden
Uganda
2,018
urban
male
58
55+
second
secondary
1
10
0
0
1
0.213
7
44.59
qr_code
digital_wallet,online_payment
transport,online_shopping,bill_split,groceries
none
0.814
0.166
low_burden
Malawi
2,022
urban
female
40
35-44
second
secondary
0
4
1
1
1
0.201
12
19.7
qr_code
digital_wallet,bank_transfer,qr_code
entertainment,government_services,business_to_business
none
0.814
0.515
low_burden
Niger
2,024
urban
male
25
15-24
highest
none
1
6
1
1
1
0.502
9
81.31
ussd_payment
digital_wallet
entertainment,online_shopping,education,government_services
none
0.916
0.297
low_burden
Ghana
2,022
urban
female
38
35-44
highest
tertiary
1
9
1
0
1
0.393
12
47.33
mobile_money
mobile_money
entertainment,business_to_business,groceries
none
0.712
0.646
low_burden
Niger
2,024
urban
male
53
45-54
second
primary
1
9
1
1
1
0.526
6
44.38
card_payment
online_payment,mobile_money,card_payment
bill_split,entertainment,utilities,online_shopping
none
0.774
0.177
low_burden
Tanzania
2,019
rural
male
55
45-54
highest
secondary
1
10
1
1
1
0.052
5
111.57
qr_code
digital_wallet,card_payment,bank_transfer
groceries,utilities,transport,entertainment
none
0.88
0.394
low_burden
DRC
2,021
rural
female
30
25-34
lowest
none
1
3
0
0
1
0.15
3
13.71
card_payment
digital_wallet,card_payment,bank_transfer
online_shopping,bill_split,utilities,entertainment,government_services
none
0.935
0.177
low_burden
Senegal
2,022
urban
male
24
15-24
second
primary
0
10
1
1
1
0.18
4
21
bank_transfer
bank_transfer
entertainment,bill_split,education
none
0.698
0.225
low_burden
Senegal
2,020
rural
female
67
55+
fourth
none
1
8
0
1
1
0.059
2
32.15
mobile_money
bank_transfer,qr_code,ussd_payment
utilities,groceries
none
0.982
0.189
low_burden
Nigeria
2,018
urban
female
49
45-54
second
secondary
0
3
1
1
1
0.387
5
27.02
mobile_money
digital_wallet
online_shopping,education,transport,utilities,business_to_business
none
0.969
0.539
low_burden
Malawi
2,018
rural
male
69
55+
highest
none
0
9
1
1
0
0.122
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.936
low_burden
DRC
2,025
urban
male
31
25-34
lowest
primary
1
6
0
1
0
0.379
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.97
low_burden
Kenya
2,022
rural
female
21
15-24
fourth
secondary
0
6
1
1
1
0.126
3
110.32
bank_transfer
online_payment,ussd_payment
transport,business_to_business,groceries,entertainment,education
none
0.604
0.798
low_burden
Mali
2,020
rural
female
36
35-44
lowest
secondary
0
8
0
1
0
0.057
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.945
low_burden
Zambia
2,020
urban
female
33
25-34
lowest
secondary
0
8
0
0
0
0.458
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.783
low_burden
Niger
2,018
urban
male
54
45-54
second
secondary
1
4
1
1
1
0.317
7
17.53
mobile_money
bank_transfer,mobile_money
healthcare,government_services,groceries
none
0.804
0.204
low_burden
Rwanda
2,025
urban
female
54
45-54
highest
secondary
0
5
1
1
1
0.321
7
43.27
mobile_money
card_payment,digital_wallet,ussd_payment
entertainment,transport,bill_split,groceries
none
0.915
0.529
low_burden
Malawi
2,018
rural
female
18
15-24
middle
secondary
1
9
0
0
1
0.097
5
37.15
card_payment
ussd_payment,online_payment
healthcare,business_to_business,entertainment,government_services,utilities
none
0.869
0.476
low_burden
Tanzania
2,024
rural
female
47
45-54
middle
primary
0
2
0
1
0
0.203
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.902
low_burden
Rwanda
2,019
rural
male
33
25-34
lowest
none
1
6
0
1
1
0.066
1
28.41
mobile_money
digital_wallet
online_shopping,business_to_business
none
0.723
0.252
low_burden
Nigeria
2,020
rural
male
48
45-54
lowest
primary
1
8
1
1
1
0.072
5
25.42
card_payment
ussd_payment,digital_wallet
utilities,bill_split,education
none
0.803
0.3
low_burden
Senegal
2,020
rural
female
36
35-44
lowest
none
0
9
1
1
0
0.156
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.695
low_burden
Uganda
2,024
rural
female
44
35-44
fourth
primary
1
9
1
1
1
0.197
3
95.94
mobile_money
ussd_payment,qr_code,digital_wallet
groceries,government_services,healthcare
none
0.742
0.6
low_burden
Rwanda
2,018
rural
male
54
45-54
lowest
primary
1
4
0
1
0
0.088
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.686
low_burden
Rwanda
2,020
rural
female
31
25-34
second
none
0
3
1
0
0
0.089
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.897
low_burden
Uganda
2,020
urban
male
25
15-24
middle
secondary
1
10
1
0
1
0.365
14
27.04
mobile_money
bank_transfer
education,bill_split,entertainment,utilities,online_shopping
none
0.91
0.334
low_burden
Mali
2,020
rural
male
53
45-54
middle
secondary
1
6
0
1
0
0.11
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.724
low_burden
Malawi
2,019
urban
male
67
55+
second
secondary
1
6
1
1
1
0.339
6
40.41
ussd_payment
qr_code,mobile_money,bank_transfer
government_services,bill_split
none
0.857
0.368
low_burden
Mali
2,025
urban
male
39
35-44
lowest
tertiary
0
10
0
0
0
0.458
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.817
low_burden
Kenya
2,021
rural
male
69
55+
second
primary
0
8
1
0
0
0.154
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.92
low_burden
Nigeria
2,021
urban
male
25
15-24
fourth
primary
0
7
1
1
0
0.345
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.926
low_burden
Zambia
2,021
urban
male
60
55+
lowest
primary
0
3
0
0
0
0.486
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.907
low_burden
Nigeria
2,025
urban
female
69
55+
fourth
secondary
0
2
1
1
1
0.361
10
62.91
ussd_payment
bank_transfer,ussd_payment
utilities,business_to_business,bill_split
none
0.968
0.202
low_burden
Tanzania
2,020
rural
female
31
25-34
lowest
primary
0
7
1
0
1
0.09
6
13.79
mobile_money
qr_code,online_payment,ussd_payment
entertainment,bill_split
none
0.961
0.386
low_burden
Rwanda
2,020
rural
female
23
15-24
highest
tertiary
0
4
0
0
0
0.124
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.896
low_burden
Nigeria
2,020
urban
male
51
45-54
highest
primary
0
5
0
1
1
0.306
9
87.35
mobile_money
qr_code
government_services,groceries
none
0.818
0.316
low_burden
Niger
2,020
urban
female
62
55+
lowest
primary
0
8
0
1
0
0.254
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.369
low_burden
Uganda
2,018
rural
male
19
15-24
second
secondary
1
2
1
0
0
0.073
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.799
low_burden
Nigeria
2,022
rural
female
50
45-54
second
primary
1
10
1
0
1
0.173
2
39.07
bank_transfer
digital_wallet,card_payment,mobile_money
transport,healthcare,bill_split
none
0.745
0.349
low_burden
Senegal
2,018
urban
female
62
55+
fourth
secondary
1
6
1
0
1
0.356
10
69.51
mobile_money
card_payment,ussd_payment,mobile_money
entertainment,government_services,business_to_business,healthcare
none
0.84
0.474
low_burden
Mali
2,019
rural
male
16
15-24
middle
secondary
0
10
1
1
0
0.07
0
0
cash
none
none
no_internet
0
0.881
low_burden
Nigeria
2,019
rural
male
43
35-44
middle
secondary
0
2
0
0
0
0.084
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.931
low_burden
Tanzania
2,020
urban
female
19
15-24
lowest
secondary
0
7
1
1
0
0.418
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.957
low_burden
Mozambique
2,024
rural
female
24
15-24
lowest
primary
0
10
0
0
1
0.133
6
20.7
mobile_money
ussd_payment,card_payment
transport,groceries,entertainment
none
0.746
0.399
low_burden
South Africa
2,022
rural
female
41
35-44
fourth
primary
0
7
1
1
1
0.092
6
73.07
digital_wallet
online_payment
education,government_services,transport
none
0.817
0.294
low_burden
Senegal
2,025
rural
female
33
25-34
middle
secondary
0
10
0
0
1
0.261
3
28.58
ussd_payment
online_payment,ussd_payment
government_services,utilities,business_to_business,entertainment
none
0.923
0.653
low_burden
Malawi
2,020
rural
female
19
15-24
fourth
primary
0
8
1
0
0
0.081
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.952
low_burden
Ethiopia
2,025
rural
male
59
55+
fourth
primary
1
8
1
1
1
0.214
0
26.92
mobile_money
online_payment,bank_transfer
government_services,groceries,entertainment,education
none
0.91
0.205
low_burden
Rwanda
2,018
rural
female
26
25-34
middle
none
0
5
1
1
1
0.05
2
24.77
mobile_money
mobile_money,bank_transfer
entertainment,bill_split,government_services,healthcare,groceries
none
0.678
0.355
low_burden
Senegal
2,022
rural
male
62
55+
middle
secondary
1
5
0
1
0
0.14
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.871
low_burden
Tanzania
2,024
rural
female
24
15-24
highest
none
1
2
1
0
1
0.151
4
133.89
mobile_money
bank_transfer,online_payment,card_payment
government_services,entertainment,groceries,bill_split,healthcare
none
0.57
0.416
low_burden
Kenya
2,022
rural
male
43
35-44
fourth
tertiary
1
4
0
0
1
0.127
5
25.61
qr_code
digital_wallet,online_payment
education,transport,bill_split,online_shopping
none
0.679
0.21
low_burden
Nigeria
2,025
rural
female
54
45-54
highest
none
1
1
1
0
0
0.152
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.56
low_burden
South Africa
2,020
rural
female
41
35-44
highest
primary
1
4
0
0
1
0.093
4
86.53
mobile_money
card_payment,bank_transfer,online_payment
bill_split,online_shopping,utilities,transport,business_to_business
none
0.716
0.559
low_burden
Malawi
2,018
urban
male
37
35-44
second
primary
1
9
0
0
1
0.359
10
27.95
online_payment
digital_wallet
business_to_business,government_services,bill_split,entertainment
none
0.906
0.318
low_burden
Zambia
2,024
urban
male
56
55+
fourth
primary
0
4
1
1
0
0.538
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.605
low_burden
Zambia
2,018
urban
male
15
15-24
fourth
primary
1
7
1
1
1
0.415
12
75.07
ussd_payment
digital_wallet
transport,education,bill_split
none
0.986
0.183
low_burden
Mali
2,024
rural
female
60
55+
lowest
secondary
0
6
0
0
0
0.176
0
0
cash
none
none
trust_issues
0
0.863
low_burden
Kenya
2,023
urban
female
52
45-54
middle
none
1
3
0
0
1
0.274
12
18.51
bank_transfer
online_payment,mobile_money
groceries,education,government_services,healthcare,entertainment
none
0.906
0.327
low_burden
Uganda
2,024
rural
male
57
55+
second
primary
0
9
0
0
1
0.163
2
8.41
mobile_money
ussd_payment,qr_code
utilities,education,entertainment,online_shopping,government_services
none
0.653
0.42
low_burden
Tanzania
2,021
urban
male
38
35-44
second
none
0
9
1
1
1
0.402
15
19.5
mobile_money
mobile_money
healthcare,education,transport,government_services,entertainment
none
0.811
0.553
low_burden
Zambia
2,025
urban
female
36
35-44
lowest
primary
0
3
1
1
0
0.434
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.909
low_burden
Niger
2,019
rural
male
46
45-54
fourth
tertiary
0
2
1
1
0
0.07
0
0
cash
none
none
limited_acceptance
0
0.955
low_burden
Zambia
2,021
urban
female
50
45-54
fourth
primary
0
2
1
1
1
0.401
6
69.12
mobile_money
card_payment
groceries,online_shopping
none
0.942
0.462
low_burden
Malawi
2,018
rural
male
65
55+
middle
secondary
1
3
0
0
0
0.05
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.935
low_burden
South Africa
2,024
urban
male
62
55+
lowest
primary
1
3
1
1
1
0.417
9
31.51
online_payment
mobile_money
utilities,groceries,business_to_business
none
0.672
0.235
low_burden
Nigeria
2,023
rural
male
17
15-24
middle
primary
0
2
0
1
0
0.141
0
0
cash
none
none
no_account
0
0.941
low_burden
Senegal
2,024
urban
female
23
15-24
lowest
secondary
1
7
1
1
1
0.394
13
11.26
qr_code
online_payment,bank_transfer
groceries,bill_split,education
none
0.898
0.417
low_burden
Senegal
2,024
rural
male
67
55+
second
none
1
6
0
1
1
0.218
5
17.04
bank_transfer
ussd_payment,qr_code
business_to_business,utilities,entertainment,groceries,government_services
none
0.875
0.404
low_burden
Zambia
2,020
rural
male
36
35-44
second
tertiary
0
2
0
0
0
0.094
0
0
cash
none
none
high_fees
0
0.868
low_burden
DRC
2,018
urban
female
46
45-54
highest
primary
1
7
1
1
1
0.164
7
97.33
bank_transfer
ussd_payment,bank_transfer,mobile_money
entertainment,healthcare,business_to_business,transport
none
0.87
0.362
low_burden
Tanzania
2,025
urban
female
18
15-24
second
primary
0
7
1
1
1
0.463
8
73.57
qr_code
online_payment,qr_code,ussd_payment
healthcare,utilities
none
0.758
0.687
low_burden
South Africa
2,021
urban
male
20
15-24
middle
tertiary
1
6
1
1
0
0.306
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.75
low_burden
Tanzania
2,018
rural
male
37
35-44
highest
primary
1
2
1
1
1
0.133
1
108.48
online_payment
digital_wallet,bank_transfer,qr_code
business_to_business,transport,groceries
none
0.862
0.116
low_burden
Senegal
2,025
rural
female
54
45-54
second
tertiary
1
9
0
1
1
0.184
6
33.9
bank_transfer
mobile_money,digital_wallet,card_payment
business_to_business,education
none
0.85
0.26
low_burden
Zambia
2,025
urban
male
57
55+
highest
tertiary
0
4
0
1
0
0.39
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.97
low_burden
DRC
2,021
rural
female
64
55+
lowest
primary
0
3
1
1
0
0.124
0
0
cash
none
none
merchant_refusal
0
0.953
low_burden
Malawi
2,024
rural
male
25
15-24
second
primary
0
9
0
0
0
0.203
0
0
cash
none
none
preference_cash
0
0.601
low_burden
Tanzania
2,018
rural
male
26
25-34
lowest
secondary
1
8
0
0
1
0.15
3
41.87
card_payment
online_payment
utilities,government_services
none
0.942
0.292
low_burden
Kenya
2,018
rural
male
44
35-44
middle
primary
1
10
0
1
1
0.05
3
55.8
digital_wallet
card_payment,mobile_money,qr_code
online_shopping,entertainment,utilities
none
0.672
0.514
low_burden