language stringclasses 24
values | input stringlengths 1 2.04k | output stringlengths 23 60k | instruction stringclasses 1
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|---|---|---|---|
English | The country’s unequal economic growth originated in the colonial era and reflects how the Spanish metropolis influenced the establishment of extractive institutions [7]. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=context-background:105->104:0|Entity=(160-abstract-new-cf2-6-sgl(158-place-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref-Argentina
2-3 country’s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod:poss 6:nmod:poss _
3 ’s 's PART POS _ 2 case 2:case Entity=158)
4 unequal ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Argentine politics are therefore highly unstable. | 1 Argentine Argentine ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=causal-result:108->104:1|Entity=(166-abstract-new-cf1-2-sgl
2 politics politics NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=166)
3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop 6:cop _
4 therefore therefore ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Achieving political order would require the government to limit its actions and guarantee the rights of citizens—neither of which has yet occurred in Argentina. | 1 Achieving achieve VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 csubj 5:csubj Discourse=adversative-antithesis:109->110:0
2 political political ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod Entity=(167-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
3 order order NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj 1:obj Entity=167)
4 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux 5:aux _
5 require require VERB ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Distant Rhythm: Automatic Enjambment Detection on Four Centuries of Spanish Sonnets | 1 Distant distant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=organization-preparation:1->2:0|Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf1-2-sgl
2 Rhythm rhythm NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=1)|SpaceAfter=No
3 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct 6:punct _
4 Automatic automatic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod Discourse=organization-heading:2-... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Pablo Ruiz Fabo | 1 Pablo Pablo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=attribution-positive:3->33:9|Entity=(6-person-new-cf1-1,2,3-sgl|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 Ruiz Ruiz PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat _
3 Fabo Fabo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=6)|XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | pabloruizfabo@gmail.com | 1 pabloruizfabo@gmail.com pabloruizfabo@gmail.com PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=elaboration-additional:4->3:0|Entity=(7-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Lattice Lab, CNRS, France | 1 Lattice Lattice PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound 2:compound Discourse=joint-other_m:5->4:0|Entity=(8-organization-new-cf1-1,2-coref
2 Lab Lab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=8)|SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct 4:punct _
4 CNRS CNRS PROPN NNP Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 2 appos 2:appos Entity=(9-organization-... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Clara Martínez Cantón | 1 Clara Clara PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=joint-list_m:6->3:1|Entity=(11-person-new-cf1-1,2,3-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 Martínez Martínez PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat _
3 Cantón Cantón PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=11)|XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | cimartinez@flog.uned.es | 1 cimartinez@flog.uned.es cimartinez@flog.uned.es PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=elaboration-additional:7->6:0|Entity=(12-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain | 1 Universidad Universidad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=joint-other_m:8->7:0|Entity=(13-organization-new-cf1-1,2,3,4,5,6-sgl-National_University_of_Distance_Education
2 Nacional Nacional PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat _
3 de de PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat _
4 Educación Educación PROPN NNP N... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Thierry Poibeau | 1 Thierry Thierry PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=joint-list_m:9->3:1|Entity=(15-person-new-cf1-1,2-sgl|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 Poibeau Poibeau PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=15)|XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | thierry.poibeau@ens.fr | 1 thierry.poibeau@ens.fr thierry.poibeau@ens.fr PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=elaboration-additional:10->9:0|Entity=(16-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Lattice Lab, CNRS, France | 1 Lattice Lattice PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound 2:compound Discourse=joint-other_m:11->10:0|Entity=(8-organization-giv:inact-cf1-1,2-coref
2 Lab Lab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=8)|SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct 4:punct _
4 CNRS CNRS PROPN NNP Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 2 appos 2:appos Entity=(9-organ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Introduction | 1 Introduction introduction NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:12->33:7|Entity=(17-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Enjambment takes place when a syntactic unit is broken up across two lines of poetry (Domínguez Caparrós, 2000: 103), giving rise to different stylistic effects (e.g. increased emphasis on elements of the broken-up phrase, or contrast between those elements), or creating double interpretations for the enjambed lines (G... | 1 Enjambment enjambment NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=context-background:13->20:3|Entity=(3-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)
2 takes take VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj _
4 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 9 advmo... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In Spanish poetry, the syntactic configurations under which enjambment takes place have been described extensively, and detailed studies on the use of enjambment by individual authors exist (see Martínez Cantón, 2011 for an overview) including, among others Quilis (1964), Domínguez Caparrós, (2000), Paraíso, (2000), Sp... | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=context-background:20->26:2
2 Spanish Spanish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod Entity=(33-abstract-new-cf27-2-sgl
3 poetry poetry NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl 15:obl:in Entity=33)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | However, a larger-scale study to identify enjambment across hundreds of authors spanning several centuries, enabling distant reading (Moretti, 2013), was not previously available. | 1 However however ADV RB _ 31 advmod 31:advmod Discourse=topic-solutionhood:26->33:5|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(64-abstract-new-cf2-5-coref
4 larger large ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 6 amod 6:amod SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct 4:p... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Given that need, we have developed software, based on Natural Language Processing, that automatically identifies enjambment in Spanish, and applied it to a corpus of approx. 3750 sonnets by ca. 1000 authors, from the 15th to the 19th century. | 1 Given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl 7:advcl Discourse=context-circumstance:32->33:2
2 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(64-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-2-coref
3 need need NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj 1:obj Entity=64)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
5 we we PRON PRP ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | What is the interest of such large-scale automatic analyses of enjambment? | 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Discourse=topic-question:37->38:2
2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop 4:cop _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(80-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
4 interest interest NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _
5 of of ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | First, the literature shows a debate about which specific syntactic units can be considered to trigger enjambment, if split across two lines, and whether lexical and syntactic criteria are sufficient to identify enjambment. | 1 First first ADV RB Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 5 advmod 5:advmod Discourse=elaboration-additional:38->33:4|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(82-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
4 literature literature NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=82)
5 shows ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Second, the stylistic effects that enjambment permits are also an object of current research (Martínez Fernández, 2010). | 1 Second second ADV RB Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 12 advmod 12:advmod Discourse=joint-sequence_m:43->38:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(25-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-3-coref
4 stylistic stylistic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 effects effect ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Systematically collecting large amounts of enjambment examples provides helpful evidence to assess scholars’ current claims, and may stimulate novel analyses. | 1 Systematically systematically ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod 2:advmod Discourse=elaboration-additional:47->43:3
2 collecting collect VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 csubj 8:csubj|20:csubj _
3 large large ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(90-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
4 amounts amount NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj 2:obj _
5 of of ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Finally, our study complements Navarro’s (2016) automatic metrical analyses of Spanish Golden Age sonnets, by covering a wider period and focusing on enjambment. | 1 Finally finally ADV RB Degree=Pos 5 advmod 5:advmod Discourse=joint-sequence_m:50->38:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss 4:nmod:poss Entity=(96-abstract-acc:com-cf3-2-coref(71-person-giv:inact-cf2-1-ana)
4 study study N... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The abstract is structured thus: | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=organization-preparation:53->54:3|Entity=(104-abstract-new-cf1-2-sgl
2 abstract abstract NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass 4:nsubj:pass Entity=104)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass 4:aux:pass _
4 structured s... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | First we provide the definition of enjambment adopted. | 1 First first ADV RB Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 3 advmod 3:advmod Discourse=elaboration-additional:54->33:6
2 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=(71-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-ana)
3 provide provide VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 th... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Then, our corpus and system are described, followed by an evaluation of the system. | 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 8 advmod 8:advmod Discourse=joint-sequence_m:56->54:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss 4:nmod:poss Entity=(75-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref(71-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 corpus corpus NO... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Finally, findings on enjambment in our diachronic sonnet corpus are discussed. | 1 Finally finally ADV RB Degree=Pos 12 advmod 12:advmod Discourse=joint-sequence_m:58->54:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 findings finding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj:pass 12:nsubj:pass Entity=(107-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl
4 on on ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
5 enjambment enjambment NOUN NN Number=Sing ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The project’s website provides details omitted here for space reasons, including samples for the corpus, results, and other details. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:59->54:2|Entity=(108-place-new-cf6-4-coref(96-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
2-3 project’s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 project project NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss 4:nmod:poss XML=<ref>
3 ’s 's PART POS _ 2 case 2:case Entity=96)
4 website... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Enjambment in Spanish | 1 Enjambment enjambment NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:62->88:5|Entity=(3-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref
2 in in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case _
3 Spanish Spanish PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 nmod 1:nmod:in Entity=(74-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref-Spanish)3)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Syntactic and metrical units often match in poetry. | 1 Syntactic Syntactic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Discourse=adversative-concession:63->64:1|Entity=(114-abstract-new-cf3-6-disc(115-abstract-new-cf2-4-sgl
2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc 3:cc _
3 metrical metrical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 conj 1:conj:and|4:amod _
4 units unit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=115)
5... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | However, this trend has been broken since antiquity for various reasons (Parry (1929) on Homer, or Flores Gómez (1988) on early classical poetry). | 1 However however ADV RB _ 7 advmod 7:advmod Discourse=context-background:64->88:4|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det 4:det Entity=(114-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
4 trend trend NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj:pass 7:nsubj:pass Entity=114)
5 has have AUX VBZ ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In Spanish tradition, enjambment (in Spanish, "encabalgamiento") is considered to take place when a pause suggested by poetic form (e.g. at the end of a line or across hemistichs) occurs between strongly connected lexical or syntactic units, triggering an unnatural cut between those units. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=elaboration-additional:66->64:2
2 Spanish Spanish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod Entity=(126-abstract-new-cf8-2-sgl
3 tradition tradition NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl 15:obl:in Entity=126)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 enjambment enjambment NOUN NN Number=Sing... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Quilis (1964) performed poetry reading experiments, proposing that the following strongly connected elements give rise to enjambment, should a poetic-form pause break them up: | 1 Quilis Quilis PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Discourse=organization-preparation:74->78:3|Entity=(134-abstract-new-cf6-1-coref(135-person-new-cf5-1-coref)
2 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 3 punct 3:punct SpaceAfter=No
3 1964 1964 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 nmod:tmod 1:nmod:tmod Entity=(43-time-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Lexical enjambment: Breaking up a word. | 1 Lexical lexical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Bridge=3<140|Discourse=context-background:78->88:2|Entity=(140-abstract-acc:inf-cf1-2-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 enjambment enjambment NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=140)|SpaceAfter=No
3 : : PUNCT : _ 4 punct 4:punct XML=</hi>
4 Breaking break VERB VBG Ver... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We translated "lexical enjambment" from Quilis’s terms "encabalgamiento léxico" or "tmesis". | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=context-background:80->78:1|Entity=(71-person-giv:inact-cf3-1-ana)
2 translated translate VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 " '' PUNCT `` _ 5 punct 5:punct SpaceAfter=No|XML=<q>
4 lexical... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Phrase-bounded enjambment: Within a phrase, breaking up sequences like "noun + adjective", "verb + adverb", "auxiliary verb + main verb", among others. | 1 Phrase phrase NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Bridge=3<143|Discourse=joint-list_m:81->78:2|Entity=(143-abstract-acc:inf-cf1-4-coref|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<hi rend:::"bold"><w>
2 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 1 punct 1:punct SpaceAfter=No
3 bounded bound VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 amod 4:amod XML=</w>
4 enjambment e... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We translated "phrase-bounded enjambment" from "encabalgamiento sirremático". | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=context-background:83->81:1|Entity=(71-person-giv:inact-cf2-1-ana)
2 translated translate VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 " '' PUNCT `` _ 7 punct 7:punct SpaceAfter=No|XML=<q>
4 phrase ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Cross-clause enjambment: Between a noun antecedent and the pronoun heading the relative clause that complements the antecedent. | 1 Cross-clause Cross-clause ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Bridge=3<152|Discourse=joint-list_m:84->78:2|Entity=(152-abstract-acc:inf-cf2-2-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 enjambment enjambment NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=152)|SpaceAfter=No
3 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct 7:punct XML=</hi>
4 Between between ADP IN ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We translated "cross-clause enjambment" from Quilis’s "encabalgamiento oracional". | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=context-background:87->84:1|Entity=(71-person-giv:inact-cf2-1-ana)
2 translated translate VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 " '' PUNCT `` _ 5 punct 5:punct SpaceAfter=No|XML=<q>
4 cross-c... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The project site includes Quilis’s complete list of syntactic environments that can trigger enjambment, as well as the types identified by our system. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:88->33:8|Entity=(108-place-giv:inact-cf3-3-coref
2 project project NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(96-abstract-giv:inact-cf6-1-coref)
3 site site NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=108)
4 includes include V... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Besides the enjambment types above, Spang (1983) noted that if a subject or direct object and their related verbs occur in two different lines of poetry, this can also feel unusual for a reader, even if the effect is less pronounced than in the environments identified by Quilis. | 1 Besides besides ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case Discourse=attribution-positive:92->93:1
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(158-abstract-giv:act-cf3*-3-coref
3 enjambment enjambment NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound 4:compound Entity=(3-abstract-giv:act-cf6-1-coref)
4 types type NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | To differentiate these cases from enjambment proper, Spang calls these cases "enlace", translated here as "expansion". | 1 To to PART TO _ 2 mark 2:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:98->99:1
2 differentiate differentiate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl 10:advcl:to _
3 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 4 det 4:det Entity=(159-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
4 cases case NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj 2:obj Entity=159)
5 from from ADP IN _ 6 cas... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Quilis (1964) was the only author so far to gather recitation-based experimental evidence on enjambment. | 1 Quilis Quilis PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj 8:nsubj Discourse=context-background:101->107:0|Entity=(134-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref(135-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref)
2 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 3 punct 3:punct SpaceAfter=No
3 1964 1964 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 nmod:tmod 1:nmod:tmod Entity=(43-time-giv:inact-cf4... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | His typology is still considered current, and was adopted by later authors, although complementary enjambment typologies have been proposed, as Martínez Cantón (2011) reviews. | 1 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss 2:nmod:poss Discourse=evaluation-comment:103->101:1|Entity=(167-abstract-new-cf6-2-coref(135-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 typology typology NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass 5:nsubj:pass|6:nsubj:xsubj|10:nsubj:pass Entity=167... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Our system identifies Quilis’ types, besides Spang’s expansion cases. | 1 Our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss 2:nmod:poss Discourse=joint-other_m:107->88:3|Entity=(72-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-2-coref(71-person-giv:inact-cf3-1-ana)
2 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=72)
3 identifies identify VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Pe... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Epistemic pollution | 1 Epistemic epistemic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=context-background:1->21:4|Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf1-2-coref
2 pollution pollution NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=1)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Agents can rationally choose between experts only if the criteria that distinguish genuine experts from charlatans are common sense or widely known: | 1 Agents agent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Discourse=context-background:2->14:4|Entity=(2-person-new-cf3-1-coref)
2 can can AUX MD Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux 4:aux _
3 rationally rationally ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod 4:advmod _
4 choose choose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
5 between between... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | if agents are to satisfy the epistemic conditions on responsibility, they must know what kinds of knowledge they must utilize to guide their selection of sources (on pain of infinite regress). | 1 if if SCONJ IN _ 5 mark 5:mark Discourse=contingency-condition:6->7:0
2 agents agent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=(2-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)
3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux 5:aux _
4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark 5:mark _
5 satisfy satisfy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In fact, many, if not all, the markers of expertise identified by philosophers enjoy widespread recognition. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=context-background:11->14:3
2 fact fact NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl 17:obl:in SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod 11:amod Entity=(13-abstract-new-cf1-8-coref|SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct 8:punct _
6 if if SCONJ IN _ 8 mar... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The fact that these criteria are widely known, however, offers an opportunity to those who would use them for deception, witting or unwitting. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=context-background:14->21:2|Entity=(16-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
2 fact fact NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj 12:nsubj _
3 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark 8:mark Discourse=elaboration-attribute:15->14:0
4 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 5 det 5:det ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Since expertise must be assessed through indirect markers, to mimic the markers of expertise is to mimic expertise [17]. | 1 Since since SCONJ IN _ 5 mark 5:mark Discourse=explanation-justify:18->19:0
2 expertise expertise NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass 5:nsubj:pass Entity=(14-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)
3 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux 5:aux _
4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 5 aux:pass 5:aux:pass _
5 assessed assess VERB VBN Tense=... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We live in an epistemic environment that is heavily and deliberately polluted by agents who use mimicry and other methods as a means of inflating their pretense to expertise. | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=ROOT:21:0|Entity=(22-abstract-new-cf9-2-disc(23-person-acc:com-cf4-1-sgl)
2 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 in in ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This fact, together with the fact that such deception is widely known to occur, reduces ordinary people’s trust in expert authority and diminishes their capacity to distinguish reliable from unreliable sources. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=causal-result:25->21:1|Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-2-coref
2 fact fact NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj 17:nsubj|26:nsubj Entity=22)|SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 together together ADV RB Degree=Pos 7 advmod 7:advmod _
5 with with AD... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For instance, those with an interest in deceiving the general public may set up parallel institutions that ostensibly guarantee expertise, taking advantage of the ways in which these parallel institutions mimic legitimate institutions to ensure that people are taken in. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=explanation-evidence:30->21:3
2 instance instance NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl 14:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 those that PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 14 nsubj 14:nsubj Entity=(37-event-new-cf8-11-disc(38-person-new-cf4-1-sgl
5 with with ADP IN _... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | There are some egregious examples of this practice in the field of health care. | 1 There there PRON EX PronType=Dem 2 expl 2:expl Discourse=elaboration-additional:38->30:4
2 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 5 det 5:det Entity=(45-abstract-new-cf3-9-sgl
4 egregious egregious ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 examp... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For example, a small number of doctors set up the American College of Pediatricians (ACPeds) to advocate socially conservative viewpoints related to child health care. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=explanation-evidence:39->38:0
2 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl 9:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(48-person-new-cf3-3-sgl
5 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod _
6 number numbe... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Such an organization is surely permissible, but it has had the unfortunate (and likely intended) effect of muddying debates in the public forum by misleading people into thinking that the college speaks for the pediatric profession at large. | 1 Such such DET PDT PronType=Dem 3 det:predet 3:det:predet Bridge=49<54|Discourse=adversative-concession:43->44:4|Entity=(54-organization-acc:inf-cf2-3-sgl
2 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det _
3 organization organization NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=54)
4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sin... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Thus, when ACPeds issued a statement condemning gender reassignment surgery in 2016 [21], many people mistook the organization’s political beliefs for the consensus view among United States pediatricians — although the peak body for pediatric workers, the American Academy of Pediatrics, has a much more positive view of... | 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 20 advmod 20:advmod Discourse=context-circumstance:51->54:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod 5:advmod _
4 ACPeds ACPeds PROPN NNP Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=(49-organization-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref-American_College_of_Pediatrici... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Insofar as the larger organization, with a broader membership base, can be expected to reflect a wider range of expert opinions and a higher degree of expertise, it is reasonable to give its views greater weight than those of the smaller organization. | 1 Insofar insofar SCONJ IN _ 15 mark 15:mark Discourse=contingency-condition:57->58:0
2 as as SCONJ IN _ 15 mark 15:mark _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(69-organization-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref-American_Academy_of_Pediatrics
4 larger large ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 5 amod 5:amod _
5 organization o... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | When ACPeds allows or encourages the impression that it speaks for the profession, it introduces an epistemic pollutant. | 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod 3:advmod Discourse=context-circumstance:59->61:0
2 ACPeds ACPeds PROPN NNP Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj|5:nsubj Entity=(49-organization-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref-American_College_of_Pediatricians)
3 allows allow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | A yet more egregious example of such pollution involved collaborative efforts by pharmaceutical companies and the publishing giant Elsevier to produce publications mimicking peer-reviewed journals in the interest of promoting the companies’ commercial products [23]. | 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Discourse=joint-other_m:62->39:3|Entity=(84-abstract-new-cf4-5-sgl
2 yet yet ADV RB _ 4 advmod 4:advmod _
3 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 4 advmod 4:advmod _
4 egregious egregious ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj 9:nsubj _
... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The companies hoped to leverage the prestige of Elsevier with these fake journals to endow their promotional “research” with an air of reliability. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=context-background:66->71:5|Entity=(86-organization-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 companies company NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj 3:nsubj|5:nsubj:xsubj Entity=86)
3 hoped hope VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 to to ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | When the deceit was uncovered, however, the effect was just the opposite: | 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod 5:advmod Discourse=context-circumstance:68->71:4
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Entity=(96-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
3 deceit deceit NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass 5:nsubj:pass Entity=96)
4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | the legitimacy of the published findings was not enhanced through their publication by Elsevier, but rather the legitimacy of Elsevier’s publications — and, by extension, all academic journals — was diminished through their dissemination of deceptive and commercially interested research. | 1 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=adversative-antithesis:70->71:2|Entity=(98-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
2 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass 9:nsubj:pass _
3 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(93-abstract-giv:inact... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | More recently, institutions of academic expertise have been subject to a large and growing outbreak of so-called predatory journals — journals that will publish almost anything for a fee. | 1 More more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 2 advmod 2:advmod Discourse=joint-other_m:74->38:1
2 recently recently ADV RB Degree=Pos 10 advmod 10:advmod SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 institutions institution NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj 10:nsubj Entity=(104-organization-new-cf3-1-sgl
5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:c... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Once again, this phenomenon has the effect of making peer-reviewed journals appear less legitimate. | 1 Once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 2 advmod 2:advmod Discourse=causal-result:77->74:1
2 again again ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod 6:advmod SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 det 5:det Entity=(105-event-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
5 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN NN... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | At times, even those who work in academia may be unsure of a particular journal’s legitimacy, and there are genuine borderline cases. | 1 At at ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=adversative-concession:79->77:1
2 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl 12:obl:at SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 even even ADV RB _ 5 advmod 5:advmod _
5 those that PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 12 nsubj 7:nsubj|12:nsubj Entity=(109-person-new-cf2-1-sgl
6 ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For example, the Frontiers contingent of journals appears legitimate — at least to me — despite the fact that authors are expected to pay a publication fee. 8 | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=explanation-evidence:83->79:3
2 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl 9:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Bridge=113<114|Entity=(114-organization-acc:inf-cf3-3-coref
5 Frontiers Frontiers PROPN NN... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Yet some Frontiers journals appear to have engaged in bad behavior, whether for profit or for some other motive. | 1 Yet yet CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc Discourse=adversative-contrast_m:87->83:2
2 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 4 det 4:det Bridge=113<120|Entity=(120-organization-acc:inf-cf2-3-sgl
3 Frontiers Frontiers PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound 4:compound Entity=(115-organization-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref-Frontiers_Media)
4 journals journ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Frontiers in Public Health controversially published articles linking vaccines and autism [24] and questioning the link between HIV and AIDS [25]. | 1 Frontiers Frontier PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Bridge=113<124|Discourse=explanation-evidence:89->87:1|Entity=(124-organization-acc:inf-cf1-1,3,4-sgl-Frontiers_Media|XML=<hi rend:::"italic">
2 in in ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
3 Public Public ADJ NNP Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(125-abstract-ne... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Whether due to this behavior or not, Jeffrey Beall decided to add the publisher to his influential (but now sadly unavailable) list of questionable journals [26]. | 1 Whether whether CCONJ CC _ 5 cc:preconj 5:cc:preconj Discourse=causal-cause:94->95:2
2 due due ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 case 5:case _
3 to to ADP IN _ 2 fixed 2:fixed _
4 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 det 5:det Entity=(121-event-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
5 behavior behavior NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 advcl 11:advcl ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The controversy surrounding Beall’s decision indicates how difficult it is to make such judgments — even for professionals. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=evaluation-comment:99->79:4|Entity=(138-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
2 controversy controversy NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj 7:nsubj _
3 surrounding surround VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl 2:acl _
4-5 Beall’s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 Beall Beall PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmo... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | If academics with expertise in relevant fields have difficulty assessing whether particular journals or particular publishers are legitimate, one cannot reasonably expect ordinary people to make such judgments. | 1 If if SCONJ IN _ 8 mark 8:mark Discourse=explanation-justify:101->104:0
2 academics academic NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj 8:nsubj Entity=(143-person-new-cf6-1-sgl
3 with with ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
4 expertise expertise NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod 2:nmod:with Entity=(14-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref
5 in in ADP IN ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | If their confidence in scientific findings is lowered across the board as the result of such epistemic pollution, one can hardly blame them. | 1 If if SCONJ IN _ 8 mark 8:mark Discourse=contingency-condition:105->106:0
2 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss 3:nmod:poss Entity=(148-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl(32-person-giv:act-cf2-1-ana)
3 confidence confidence NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass 8:nsubj:pass _
4 in in ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Since conflicts of interest are a reason to discount expertise, it is incumbent on me to note that I have published in Frontiers journals on several occasions. | 1 Since since SCONJ IN _ 7 mark 7:mark Discourse=explanation-justify:107->109:0
2 conflicts conflict NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj 7:nsubj Entity=(150-abstract-new-cf2-1-coref
3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
4 interest interest NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod 2:nmod:of Entity=150)
5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Perso... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Epistemic pollution may stem not only from counterfeit institutions of knowledge production but also from bad behavior by legitimate institutions. 9 | 1 Epistemic epistemic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=joint-other_m:111->30:5|Entity=(1-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-2-coref
2 pollution pollution NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=1)
3 may may AUX MD Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux 4:aux _
4 stem stem VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
5 not not... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For example, pollution may result from attempts to game the systems put in place to track expertise. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=explanation-evidence:113->111:1
2 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 pollution pollution NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=(1-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)
5 may may AUX MD Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbFo... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Consider institutions with a credentialing function, such as universities, bar associations, or peer review bodies. | 1 Consider consider VERB VB Mood=Imp|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-preparation:117->124:2
2 institutions institution NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obj 1:obj Entity=(158-organization-new-cf1-1-coref
3 with with ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(159-... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | These institutions do not exist solely to credential experts. | 1 These this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=adversative-antithesis:118->120:1|Entity=(158-organization-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 institutions institution NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=158)
3 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux 5:aux _
4 not not PAR... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | They have other functions, and these functions may come into conflict, creating pressures to inflate credentials. | 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:120->117:0|Entity=(158-organization-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(164-ab... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For example, universities have a financial incentive to inflate the expertise of their academic staff, thereby increasing their rankings, bringing in grant money, and attracting students. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=explanation-evidence:124->113:1
2 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl 5:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 universities university NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=(168-abstract-new-cf8-2-disc(160-organization-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref)
5 ha... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Systems that assess expertise can be manipulated, and many cases of such manipulation exist — take the recent example by the University of Malaysia, which attempted to boost metrics by urging its faculty to cite one another [28]. | 1 Systems system NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj:pass 3:nsubj|7:nsubj:pass Discourse=joint-other_m:129->113:2|Entity=(157-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref
2 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 3 nsubj 1:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:130->129:0
3 assess assess VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For this reason, institutions may also be slow to investigate accusations of fraud, and they may try to keep their discoveries in-house to protect their reputations. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=causal-result:137->129:3
2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(168-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
3 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl 9:obl:for Entity=168)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 institutions institution NOUN NNS Numbe... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The Use of Cognitive Digital Games in School: | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=organization-heading:1->52:8|Entity=(1-event-new-cf1-2-sgl
2 Use use NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _
3 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 Cognitive cognitive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod Entity=(2-abstract-new-cf2-3-coref
5 Digital digital ADJ JJ Deg... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Contributions to Attention | 1 Contributions contribution NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root Discourse=elaboration-additional:2->1:0|Entity=(4-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl
2 to to ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case _
3 Attention attention NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod 1:nmod:to Entity=(5-abstract-new-cf2-1-coref)4)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Daniela Karine Ramos dadaniela@gmail.com Universidade Federal de Santa Catarin | 1 Daniela Daniela PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=attribution-positive:3->52:7|Entity=(6-person-new-cf1-1,2,3-sgl
2 Karine Karine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat _
3 Ramos Ramos PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=6)
4 dadaniela@gmail.com dadaniela@gmail.com PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Bruna Anastacio brunaanastacio@hotmail.com Universidade Federal de Santa Catarin | 1 Bruna Bruna PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=joint-list_m:4->3:0|Entity=(10-person-new-cf3-1,2-sgl
2 Anastacio Anastacio PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=10)
3 brunaanastacio@hotmail.com brunaanastacio@hotmail.com PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list Entity=(11-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl)
4 Universi... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Cognitive games involve a number of different games working aspects of human cognition, while proposing the intersection between the sets of concepts, fun and cognition, for the improvement of cognitive functions. | 1 Cognitive cognitive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=context-background:5->8:3|Entity=(12-abstract-new-cf1-2-sgl
2 games game NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=12)
3 involve involve VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The attention is the main point made in this study, since it is fundamental to the learning process and be recurring complaint among parents and teachers in schools. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=context-background:8->52:5|Entity=(5-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-2-coref
2 attention attention NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=5)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop 6:cop _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronT... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | With respect to the contributions of digital games to improvement of cognitive processes, researchers suggest that regular practice has a significant influence on improving the performance related to basic visual skills (Li, Polat, Scalzo, & Bavelier, 2010); on the ability to perceive objects simultaneously (Dye & Bave... | 1 With with ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=attribution-positive:12->13:1
2 respect respect NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl 16:obl:with _
3 to to ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(28-abstract-new-cf10-2-sgl
5 contributions contribution NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod 2:nmod... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Other studies specifically investigate the use of digital games in the school context and suggest potential for digital game use to improve of student's attention span at preschool age (Rueda, Checa, & Cómbita, 2012), to improve overall intelligence capacity of elementary school children (Miller & Robertson, 2010), and... | 1 Other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=joint-list_m:23->13:2|Entity=(62-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
2 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj 4:nsubj|15:nsubj Entity=62)
3 specifically specifically ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod 4:advmod _
4 investigate investigate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tens... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Considering the importance of the proper functioning of attention, because of its involvement in the regulation of thoughts and emotions, maintaining the performance of this process is very important, especially in school, where the child must acquire content in an environment full of countless distractors. | 1 Considering consider VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 31 advcl 31:advcl Discourse=explanation-justify:31->33:1
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Entity=(98-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
3 importance importance NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj 1:obj _
4 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The study in question focuses on the attention, proposing and evaluation in the context of the classroom. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=restatement-repetition_m:35->8:4|Entity=(23-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
2 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj _
3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
4 question question NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod 2:nmod:in Entity=23)
5 focuses focus VERB VBZ Mo... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Thus, it suggests the use of digital games in an integrated way the school activities in the classroom. | 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 4 advmod 4:advmod Discourse=elaboration-additional:37->35:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=(23-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 suggests suggest VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The games have features like increasing challenges, rules that establish what can and cannot be done, and involvement of the player in the quest to gain skills and win the game (Kirriemuir & McFarlane, 2004; Prensky, 2005). | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:38->37:0|Entity=(29-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 games game NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=29)
3 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 features feature NOUN NNS Nu... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We aim to investigate the contributions of the use of a system that integrates cognitive digital games to a database, of the Escola do Cérebro, for monitoring and improvement of cognitive skills, highlighting the attention. | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj|4:nsubj:xsubj Discourse=joint-other_m:44->38:3|Entity=(131-person-acc:com-cf3-1-ana)
2 aim aim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark 4:mark _
4 investigate investigate VERB VB Ve... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The games involve challenges and rules involving the exercise of cognitive functions, especially the working memory, attention and capacity of solving problems. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=joint-other_m:48->38:3|Entity=(2-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 games game NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=2)
3 involve involve VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 challenges challenge NOUN NNS Num... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The study combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=organization-preparation:51->52:4|Entity=(23-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-2-coref
2 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=23)
3 combines combine VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 qualitative qualit... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | It collects the data based on the observation of the proposed interventions as well as interviews conducted with participating teachers and students to identify their perceptions of digital games’ contributions to the learning process. | 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=ROOT:52:0|Entity=(23-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 collects collect VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(145-abstrac... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Furthermore, before and after the implementation of the intervention, we performed a D2 Test of attention that measures selective and sustained attention, as well as visual scanning accuracy and speed. | 1 Furthermore furthermore ADV RB Degree=Pos 13 advmod 13:advmod Discourse=joint-list_m:56->52:2|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 before before ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc _
5 after after ADP IN _ 3 conj 3:conj:and|7:case _
6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:d... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
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