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COVID-19 lab leak theory | data and original samples. Chinese officials described these criticisms as "an attempt to politicise the study". Scientists involved in the WHO report, including Liang Wannian, John Watson, and Peter Daszak, objected to the criticism, and said that the report was an example of the collaboration and dialogue required t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory | 2,048 | 2 | 6 |
COVID-19 lab leak theory | Institutes of Health (NIH) had been funding gain-of-function research in Wuhan, accusing researchers including epidemiologist Ralph Baric of creating "super-viruses". Both Fauci and NIH Director Francis Collins denied that the US government supported such research. Baric likewise rejected Paul's allegations, saying hi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory | 2,048 | 3 | 6 |
COVID-19 lab leak theory | 2023, the percentage of Americans believing in lab origin had doubled (from 30% to 60%) since 3 years earlier, and the percentage of Americans believing in natural origins had halved (from 40% to 20%).
Science educationalist Heslley Machado Silva describes the idea of a China-produced virus as part of "xenophobic soci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory | 2,048 | 4 | 6 |
COVID-19 lab leak theory | to the pandemic origins' question.
A declassified June 2023 Office of the Director of National Intelligence report found no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in labs or biosafety incidents but could not rule out a leak. Most agencies (with low confidence) favored zoonotic origin. Lab leak proponents accused intelligence agencie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory | 1,053 | 5 | 6 |
Li Wenliang | Li Wenliang (Chinese: 李文亮; 12 October 1985 – 7 February 2020) was a Chinese ophthalmologist who warned his colleagues about early COVID-19 infections in Wuhan.
On 30 December 2019, Wuhan Centres for Disease Prevention and Control (Wuhan CDC) issued emergency warnings to local hospitals about a number of mysterious "pn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Wenliang | 2,048 | 0 | 2 |
Li Wenliang | to a demand for freedom of speech. The hashtag #WeWantFreedomOfSpeech (Chinese: #我们要言论自由#; pinyin: Wǒmen yào yánlùn zìyóu) gained over two million views and over 5,500 posts within five hours before it was removed by censors, as were other related hashtags and posts. Wuhan citizens placed flowers and blew whistles at ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Wenliang | 1,184 | 1 | 2 |
COVID-19 lockdown in China | On 23 January 2020, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the State Council of China imposed a lockdown in Wuhan and other cities in Hubei in an effort to quarantine the center of an outbreak of COVID-19; this action was commonly referred to as the Wuhan lockdown (Chinese: 武汉封城; pinyin: Wǔhàn fēng chéng). The World Hea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China | 2,048 | 0 | 2 |
COVID-19 lockdown in China | tests. In some areas, vouchers are issued to the public, with vouchers and valid credentials. There are also areas where people are allowed to declare on WeChat mini-programs or public accounts and some apps at the same time. Courier and food delivery personnel are usually prohibited from entering. Control in communit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China | 976 | 1 | 2 |
Fang Fang | Fang Fang (Chinese: 方方), pen name of Wang Fang (汪芳; born 11 May 1955), is a Chinese writer, known for her literary depictions of the working poor. She won the Lu Xun Literary Prize in 2010. Born in Nanjing, she attended Wuhan University in 1978 to study Chinese. In 1975, she began to write poetry and in 1982, her first... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fang_Fang | 959 | 0 | 1 |
Wuhan Diary | Wuhan Diary (Chinese: 武汉日记; pinyin: Wǔhàn rìjì) is an online diary written by Chinese writer Fang Fang about the life of the people of Wuhan, China during the Wuhan lockdown during efforts to quarantine the center of an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and stop it spreading. An English translation of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan_Diary | 474 | 0 | 1 |
Forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in China | Allegations of forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners and other prisoners in the People's Republic of China have raised concern within the international community.
Initial reports of organ harvesting began with the Falun Gong-affiliated Epoch Times in 2006. In a subsequent report, former lawmaker David K... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_organ_harvesting_from_Falun_Gong_practitioners_in_China | 2,048 | 0 | 6 |
Forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in China | announced and another a tour of the facilities and found no evidence that the hospital was used for anything other than its normal function, but said they remained concerned over China's treatment of Falun Gong and reports of organ harvesting. Soon thereafter, in May 2006, the Coalition to Investigate the Persecution o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_organ_harvesting_from_Falun_Gong_practitioners_in_China | 2,048 | 1 | 6 |
Forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in China | They range from the volume and growth of organ transplants in China compared to a relatively low number of known donors, the concurrent mass imprisonment of Falun Gong practitioners, the short wait times for receiving a transplant as if scheduled on-demand, and reports that the health Falun Gong prisoners' organs were... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_organ_harvesting_from_Falun_Gong_practitioners_in_China | 2,048 | 2 | 6 |
Forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in China | " in the camps, and that they are singled out for torture and abuse. In 2006, a study by the UN's Special Rapporteur on Torture noted that 66% of reported cases from China involved Falun Gong victims. Thousands of Falun Gong practitioners have died or been killed in custody, often under disputed circumstances. Family m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_organ_harvesting_from_Falun_Gong_practitioners_in_China | 2,048 | 3 | 6 |
Forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in China | province, leading to allegations of torture and crimes against humanity.
Bo's close associate Wang Lijun was appointed head of the Public Security Bureau in Jinzhou, Liaoning, in 2003. In this capacity, he ran an organ transplantation facility where he reportedly oversaw "several thousand" organ transplants, leading t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_organ_harvesting_from_Falun_Gong_practitioners_in_China | 2,048 | 4 | 6 |
Forced organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in China | not address these questions or explain the sources of transplant organs.
In June 2021, the Special Procedures of the United Nations Human Rights Council voiced concerns over having "received credible information that detainees from ethnic, linguistic or religious minorities may be forcibly subjected to blood tests and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_organ_harvesting_from_Falun_Gong_practitioners_in_China | 1,977 | 5 | 6 |
Human rights in China | Human rights in the People's Republic of China are poor, as per reviews by international bodies, such as human rights treaty bodies and the United Nations Human Rights Council's Universal Periodic Review. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC), their supporters, and ot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 0 | 10 |
Human rights in China | and harassment outside. The club has confirmed more than 30 cases of reporting interference since the formal opening of the Olympic media center on 25 July, and is checking at least 20 other reported incidents."
Since the Chinese state continues to exert a considerable amount of control over media, public support for ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 1 | 10 |
Human rights in China | placed them in detention centers for a short period of time, and then deported them. It is also found that rural workers have been paid under minimum wage to nothing at all. A group of coal miners in Shuangyashan were being paid little to nothing. With the families and people whom they had to care for, each and every ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 2 | 10 |
Human rights in China | to wear headscarves and veils and men are not allowed to have beards;
The use of traditionally Islamic names (e.g., Abdul), is banned.
Since the September 11 attacks in 2001, Chinese counter-terror legislation has made explicit links between religion and extremism, and has led to regulations that explicitly ban religi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 3 | 10 |
Human rights in China | "the source of 41,500 transplants for the six-year period 2000 to 2005 is unexplained" and "we believe that there has been and continues today to be large-scale organ seizures from unwilling Falun Gong practitioners". Ethan Gutmann, who interviewed over 100 individuals as witnesses, estimated that 65,000 Falun Gong pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 4 | 10 |
Human rights in China | 't comply with Maoist principles in mental institutions was the belief that non-Maoist political ideologies such as capitalism caused extreme individualism and selfishness, which contributed to mental disabilities such as schizophrenia and paranoid psychosis. Maoists justified their claim that anti-Communist beliefs c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 5 | 10 |
Human rights in China | China, where there is a 118:100 ratio of male to female children reported. Forced abortions and sterilizations have also been reported.
Chinese state-run media reported on 3 June 2013 that the city of Wuhan was considering legislation to fine women who have children out of wedlock, or with men who were already married... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 6 | 10 |
Human rights in China | brutality and degradation are common in Chinese arbitrary detention centers, Laojiao prisons, and black jails. People who are imprisoned for their political views, human rights activities, or religious beliefs have a high risk of being tortured. Strategies of torture inside black jails that have been criticized as bei... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 7 | 10 |
Human rights in China | the issue, and the Organization of African Unity issued an official protest. The organization's chairman, President Moussa Traoré of Mali, went on a fact-finding mission to China. A 1989 report in The Guardian stated: 'these practices could threaten Peking's entire relationship with the continent.'
The United Nations ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 2,048 | 8 | 10 |
Human rights in China | IS Occasional Paper, Program in Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security, University of Illinois, June 2008.
Svensson, Marina, The Chinese Debate on Asian Values and Human Rights: Some Reflections on Relativism, Nationalism and Orientalism, in Brun, Ole. Human Rights and Asian Values: Contesting National I... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_China | 303 | 9 | 10 |
Laogai | Laogai (Chinese: 劳改), short for laodong gaizao (劳动改造), which means reform through labor, is a criminal justice system involving the use of penal labor and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Láogǎi (劳改) is different from láojiào (劳教), or re-education through labor, which was the abolished administrati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laogai | 2,048 | 0 | 2 |
Laogai | skin raw, leading to dangerous infections. Another common pest was lice; some prisoners were known to eat them to supplement their meager diet. No insecticide or pesticides were used in the camps. The prisoner Zhang Xianliang wrote that "the parasites on a single inmate's underpants would be as numerous as the words o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laogai | 1,728 | 1 | 2 |
Re-education through labor | Re-education through labor (RTL; simplified Chinese: 劳动教养; traditional Chinese: 勞動教養; pinyin: láodòng jiàoyǎng), abbreviated laojiao (simplified Chinese: 劳教; traditional Chinese: 勞教; pinyin: láojiào), was a system of administrative detention in the People's Republic of China. Active from 1957 to 2013, the system was us... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re-education_through_labor | 2,048 | 0 | 3 |
Re-education through labor | 20 centers. The provinces with the largest numbers of re-education centers include Guangdong, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, and Henan. At the end of 2008, there were 350 labor camps and 160,000 prisoners were being held in them.
== Detentions ==
=== Conviction and detention ===
Sentencing for re-education through labor i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re-education_through_labor | 2,048 | 1 | 3 |
Re-education through labor | the policies and practices which resulted in individuals being punished for peacefully exercising their human rights by sending them to RTL have not fundamentally changed: quite the contrary. There is ample evidence that such policies and practices are continuing in full force. The latest anti-Falun Gong campaign, lau... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re-education_through_labor | 694 | 2 | 3 |
Black jails | Black jails (Chinese: 黑監獄; pinyin: hēijiānyù) are a network of extralegal detention centers established by government security forces and private security companies across the People's Republic of China. They are used mainly to detain, without trial, petitioners (上访者, shangfangzhe), who travel to seek redress for griev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_jails | 1,116 | 0 | 1 |
Foxconn suicides | The Foxconn suicides were a spate of suicides linked to low pay and brutal working conditions at the Foxconn City industrial park in Shenzhen, China, that occurred alongside several additional suicides at various other Foxconn-owned locations and facilities in mainland China. The series of suicides drew media attention... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foxconn_suicides | 2,048 | 0 | 2 |
Foxconn suicides | 2011 cover story of Wired magazine | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foxconn_suicides | 10 | 1 | 2 |
Nine-dash line | The nine-dash line, also referred to as the eleven-dash line by Taiwan, is a set of line segments on various maps that accompanied the claims of the People's Republic of China (PRC, "Mainland China") and the Republic of China (ROC, "Taiwan") in the South China Sea.
The contested area includes the Paracel Islands, the S... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine-dash_line | 2,048 | 0 | 3 |
Nine-dash line | over waters does not have connection to history. It must observe the UNCLOS." Dutton stressed that using history to explain sovereignty erodes the rules of the UNCLOS. It is understood that China ratified the UNCLOS in 1996.
Maritime researcher Carlyle Thayer, emeritus Professor of Politics of the University of New So... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine-dash_line | 2,048 | 1 | 3 |
Nine-dash line | ong newspaper reported that the nine-dash line appears multiple times in the film. Regarding one scene that features a child-like drawing of a world map with dashed lines, the film's distributor, Warner Bros., defended these claims by stating that the map is a children's drawing and has no intended meaning. On 11 July,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine-dash_line | 456 | 2 | 3 |
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea | Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, the People's Republic of China (PRC), Taiwan (Republic of China/ROC), and Vietnam have conflicting island and maritime claims in the South China Sea. The disputes involve the islands, reefs, banks, and other features of the region, including the Spratly Islands, Paracel Isl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea | 2,048 | 0 | 7 |
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea | 951 San Francisco peace conference, the Soviet Union made a motion to grant the Paracels and the Spratlys to China, but it was defeated by vote. Japan relinquished control of the islands in the South China Sea with the signing of the Treaty of San Francisco on 9 September 1951 but did not specify the new status of the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea | 2,048 | 1 | 7 |
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea | vessel. In September 2019, seven members of the coast guard and a police man involved were convicted and sentenced to imprisonment and civil damages.
Indonesian President Joko Widodo instituted a policy in 2015 that, if any foreign fishermen were caught illegally fishing in Indonesian waters, their vessels would be de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea | 2,048 | 2 | 7 |
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea | According to retired American diplomat Chas W. Freeman Jr., for decades China under Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping preferred a policy of forbearance even as claimant activities in the South China Sea intensified, resisting calls from the more nationalistic elements of the country.
In spring 2010, PRC officials reportedly... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea | 2,048 | 3 | 7 |
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea | India ===
India says that the South China Sea was "part of global commons and India has an abiding interest in peace and stability in the region... We firmly stand for the freedom of navigation and overflight and unimpeded lawful commerce in these international waterways, in accordance with international law, notably... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea | 2,048 | 4 | 7 |
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea | the area. On 29 May 2012, a spokesman for the Chinese Foreign Ministry expressed concern over this development, stating that "non-claimant Association of South East Asian Nations countries and countries outside the region have adopted a position of not getting involved into territorial disputes." In July 2012, the Uni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea | 2,048 | 5 | 7 |
Territorial disputes in the South China Sea | ivalent Conformity" (PDF). JATI – Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 16: 35–53. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2013.
Corr, Anders, ed. (2018). Great Powers, Grand Strategies: The New Game in the South China Sea. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-68247-235-4.
Raine, Sarah; Le Miere, Ch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea | 838 | 6 | 7 |
Sino-Indian War | The Sino-Indian War, also known as the China–India War or the Indo-China War, was an armed conflict between China and India that took place from October to November 1962. It was a military escalation of the Sino-Indian border dispute. Fighting occurred along India's border with China, in India's North-East Frontier Age... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 0 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | 918, the British officially used the Johnson Line but had lost the urgency to enforce this boundary. They took no steps to establish outposts or assert control on the ground. According to Neville Maxwell, the British had used as many as 11 different boundary lines in the region, as their claims shifted with the politic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 1 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | reports on Indian expansionists operating in Tibet.
Armed clashes increased over summer 1959. On 25 August 1959, a group of Indian soldiers crossed into the Longju area, north of the McMahon Line. The PLA took an Indian prisoner.
On 2 October, Soviet first secretary Nikita Khrushchev defended Nehru in a meeting with M... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 2 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | aul did not plan on having artillery support for the troops. The Chinese troops opened fire on the Indians, thinking they were north of the McMahon Line. The Indians were surrounded by Chinese positions, which used mortar fire. They managed to hold off the first Chinese assault, inflicting heavy casualties.
At this poi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 3 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | the Chinese people were burning with 'great indignation' over the Indian actions on the border and that New Delhi could not 'now say that warning was not served in advance'."
=== Military planning ===
The Indian side was confident war would not be triggered and made little preparations. India had only two divisions o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 4 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | a larger immediate buffer zone and thus resist the possibility of a repeat offensive. Zhou's 4 November reply repeated his 1959 offer to return to the McMahon Line in NEFA and the Chinese traditionally claimed MacDonald Line in Aksai Chin.
Facing Chinese forces maintaining themselves on Indian soil and trying to avoid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 5 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | set the border along the MacCartney-Macdonald Line. India's military failure against China would embolden Pakistan to initiate the Second Kashmir War with India in 1965.
== Foreign involvement ==
During the conflict, Nehru wrote two letters on 19 November 1962 to U.S. President Kennedy, asking for 12 squadrons of fi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 6 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | .
=== Impacts in Pakistan ===
After the Sino-Indian border war, Pakistan established close military and strategic relations with China and signed the Sino-Pakistan Agreement to delineate the Sino-Pakistan border.
In the aftermath of India's defeat the United States shipped arms to India, which prompted a cooling off... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 2,048 | 7 | 9 |
Sino-Indian War | of 1962 by J. P. Dalvi; The Untold Story by B. M. Kaul; The Guilty Men of 1962 by D. R. Mankekar". The China Quarterly. 43 (July–September). Cambridge University Press: 136–141. doi:10.1017/S0305741000044805. JSTOR 652088. S2CID 153324884.
Noorani, A.G. (2010), India–China Boundary Problem 1846–1947: History and Diplo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Indian_War | 1,726 | 8 | 9 |
Sino-Vietnamese War | The Sino-Vietnamese War (also known by other names) was a brief conflict which occurred in early 1979 between China and Vietnam. China launched an offensive ostensibly in response to Vietnam's invasion and occupation of Cambodia in 1978, which ended the rule of the Khmer Rouge. The conflict lasted for about a month, wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War | 2,048 | 0 | 6 |
Sino-Vietnamese War | proposed 1956 election meant to unify the partitioned Vietnam. Instead, the South held a separate election that was widely considered fraudulent, leading to continued internal conflict with communist factions led by the Viet Cong that intensified through the late 1950s. With supplies and support from the Soviet Union,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War | 2,048 | 1 | 6 |
Sino-Vietnamese War | interpreted as tacit approval.
Deng returned to China on 8 February 1979, and on 9 February, made the final decision to invade Vietnam. On 11 February, China issued orders to the Guangxi and Yunnan military commands to launch the attack on 17 February. Three days later, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist P... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War | 2,048 | 2 | 6 |
Sino-Vietnamese War | would be to restart the unresolved border conflict with China. Vietnam was important to Soviet policy but not enough for the Soviets to go to war over. When Moscow did not intervene, Beijing publicly proclaimed that the Soviet Union had broken its numerous promises to assist Vietnam.
Another reason why Moscow did not ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War | 2,048 | 3 | 6 |
Sino-Vietnamese War | người hàng xóm (Portrait of My Neighbors) written by Duong Thu Huong in 1979.
== Order of battle ==
=== Chinese forces ===
Although the People's Liberation Army vastly outnumbered the Vietnamese forces, the Soviet-Vietnamese alliance compelled the Chinese to deploy the majority of their forces along China's northe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War | 2,048 | 4 | 6 |
Sino-Vietnamese War | battalion and 5 infantry battalions
Armed police forces (Border guard): 16th Mobile Regiment at Hoang Lien Son, some companies and 39 border posts
In addition, Vietnamese forces were supported by about 50,000 militia at each Military Region
Air force
372nd Air Division
1 air flight of ten F-5s (captured after Vietnam... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War | 425 | 5 | 6 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | Beginning on 5 May 2020, Chinese and Indian troops engaged in aggressive melee, face-offs, and skirmishes at locations along the Sino-Indian border, including near the disputed Pangong Lake in Ladakh and the Tibet Autonomous Region, and near the border between Sikkim and the Tibet Autonomous Region. Additional clashes ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 0 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | China has also been increasing its footprint with India's neighbours – Nepal, Sri Lanka and Pakistan; so from India having a monopoly in the region, China is now posing a direct challenge to New Delhi's influence in South Asia.
== Order of battle ==
April 2020 onwards divisions from the Western Theatre Command of P... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 1 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | LAC and settled at a place about 2–3 km (1–2 mi) from the border, pitching tents and deploying heavy vehicles and monitoring equipment. The report added that India also deployed troops in the area and stationed them 300–500 metres (984–1,640 ft) from the Chinese troops. The EurAsian Times stated that the Chinese force... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 2 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | . Infrastructure includes roads, bridges, helipads and other military infrastructure such as camps. Optical fibre cables are being laid for its frontline troops at the faceoff sites in Pangong Tso and Gogra-Hot Springs area. Two new marinas at Pangong Tso have also been built. China has installed cameras, motion sensor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 3 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | Advisor of India, Ajit Doval and Foreign Minister of China, Wang Yi, where it was decided that both Indian and Chinese troops would move back 1.8 km from the patrolling point PP 14, the 15 June clash site in the Galwan valley. It was reported that both the troops moved back around 1.5 to 2 km from the PP 14 to create ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 4 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | inside of Indian claimed territory and constructed military establishments is an impediment to returning to the status quo ante.
As part of the disengagement process, buffer zones have largely been established inside Indian areas. In the buffer zone on the north bank of Pangong Tso, for instance, Indian troops can no ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 5 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | is being scrutinized. By the end of June, some analysts agreed that the border tensions between India and China would give the Make in India campaign a boost and increase the pace of achieving self-reliance in some sectors.
The issue of Chinese materials in Indian Army bulletproof vests was again raised in June after ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 6 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | an annual meeting of PLA representatives urged the military "to prepare for the worst-case scenarios" and "to scale up battle preparedness." He had mentioned "battle preparedness" during his meeting with the PLA in 2019 as well. He said that the COVID-19 pandemic had brought a profound change on the global landscape a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 7 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | India helped both the countries by keeping supply lines opened in the Persian Corridor and over the Himalayan Hump.
Russia argued that a Sino-Indian confrontation would be a "bad idea" for both the countries, for the Eurasian region and the international system. Russia said such a confrontation will damage the Chinese... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 2,048 | 8 | 10 |
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | who were killed in action was described by Chinese spokesperson Zhao Lijian as fake news.
Ahead of the commanders' meeting on 6 June, disinformation campaigns were reportedly run by Chinese state-controlled media as well as corporations. The Chinese broadcasters showed military manoeuvres along the border, reportedly ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes | 1,152 | 9 | 10 |
Xi Jinping | Xi Jinping (born 15 June 1953) is a Chinese statesman and politician who has served as the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) since 2012, and the president of China since 2013. Xi has been the leader of the fifth generation of Chinese leadership ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 0 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | ai, the secretary-general of the CCP Central Organization Department, Xi Jinping's strategic vision and comprehensive understanding of Zhengding County's development were highlighted. He Zai, along with Wei Jianxing, deputy head of the CCP Central Organization Department, communicated these findings to Hu Yaobang, desc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 1 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | a group of overseas Chinese and explained China's contributions during the international financial crisis, saying that it was "the greatest contribution towards the whole of human race, made by China, to prevent its 1.37 billion people from hunger." He went on to remark: "There are some bored foreigners, with full sto... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 2 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | his immediate successor Hua Guofeng. He is also sometimes called the "pilot at the helm" (领航掌舵).
In March 2018, the first session of the 13th National People's Congress passed constitutional amendments including removal of term limits for the president and vice president, the creation of a National Supervisory Commiss... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 3 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | . In 2024, the CCP's role was strengthened further with the Organic Law of the State Council amended to add a clause about following CCP ideology and policies.
==== Legal reforms ====
The party under Xi announced a raft of legal reforms at the fourth plenum held in the fall 2014, and he called for "Chinese socialist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 4 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | abandoned a growth-at-all-costs strategy which Xi refers to as "GDP heroism". Instead, Xi said other social issues such as environmental protection are important. Xi has made eradicating extreme poverty through targeted poverty alleviation a key goal. In 2015, he launched the battle against poverty. The campaign concl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 5 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | the relations started to improve due to meetings between Xi and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. Xi has initially improved relationships with South Korea, and the two countries signed a free-trade agreement in December 2015. Starting in 2017, China's relationship with South Korea soured over the Terminal High Altitude... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 6 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | the mainland and in February 2018 the PRC government announced 31 preferential policies for Taiwan people on matters of industry, finance, taxation, land use, employment, education, and health care.
In January 2019, Xi Jinping gave a speech commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Message to Compatriots in Taiwan, ou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 7 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | a detailed plan how to achieve the target. In September 2021, Xi announced that China will not build "coal-fired power projects abroad", which was said to be potentially "pivotal" in reducing emissions. The Belt and Road Initiative did not include financing such projects already in the first half of 2021. Xi Jinping d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 8 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | ations, calling for integrating Marxism with China's specific conditions and China's traditional culture. Xi has called on CCP members to "remain true to our original aspiration", meaning to work for the happiness and well-being of the Chinese people and the rejuvenation of China, and launched an educational campaign f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 2,048 | 9 | 11 |
Xi Jinping | public on Xi, as no independent surveys exist in China and social media is heavily censored. However, he is believed to be widely popular in the country. According to a 2014 poll co-sponsored by the Harvard Kennedy School's Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Xi ranked 9 out of 10 in domestic approval... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Jinping | 454 | 10 | 11 |
Panama Papers | The Panama Papers (Spanish: Papeles de Panamá) are 11.5 million leaked documents (or 2.6 terabytes of data) published from April 3, 2016. The papers detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities. These documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Papers | 2,048 | 0 | 6 |
Panama Papers | CN¥50 million for his lumber business in China, but then withdrew roughly CA$7.5 million from the line of credit and left the country. He bought three houses in Vancouver and Surrey, British Columbia together valued at CA$7.3 million during a three-month period in June 2014.
=== International banking ===
"This issu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Papers | 2,048 | 1 | 6 |
Panama Papers | also told news sources that the company had been hacked and always operated within the law.
Data security experts noted, however, that the company had not been encrypting its emails and furthermore seemed to have been running a three-year-old version of Drupal with several known vulnerabilities. According to James San... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Papers | 2,048 | 2 | 6 |
Panama Papers | Mossack Fonseca also ran six businesses for Rami Makhlouf, cousin of the former Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, despite US sanctions against him. Internal Mossack Fonseca documents show that in 2011 Mossack Fonseca rejected a recommendation by their own compliance team to sever ties to Mr. Makhlouf. They agreed to do... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Papers | 2,048 | 3 | 6 |
Panama Papers | that then-President Juan Carlos Varela and his administration have strengthened Panama's controls over money laundering in the twenty months they had been in power, and that "Panama is setting up an independent commission, co-chaired by the Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz, to evaluate our financial system, determine be... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Papers | 2,048 | 4 | 6 |
Panama Papers | Revenue Department said that they were working to obtain details of people who had tax residence in the country who might have been involved in arrangements facilitated by Mossack Fonseca. Gerard Ryle, director of the ICIJ, told Radio New Zealand on April 8, 2016, that New Zealand is a well-known tax haven and a "nice... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Papers | 1,545 | 5 | 6 |
Xi Mingze | Xi Mingze (Chinese: 习明泽; pinyin: Xí Míngzé; [ɕǐ mǐŋ.tsɤ̌]; born 25 June 1992), nicknamed Xiao Muzi (Chinese: 小木子), is the daughter and only child of Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, and singer Peng Liyuan.
== Early life and education ==
Xi Mingze was born on 25 June 1992 at Fuzhou Materna... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_Mingze | 563 | 0 | 1 |
Jiang Zemin | Jiang Zemin (17 August 1926 – 30 November 2022) was a Chinese politician who served as the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1989 to 2002, as the chairman of the Central Military Commission from 1989 to 2004, and as the president of China from 1993 to 2003. Jiang was the fourth paramount leade... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiang_Zemin | 2,048 | 0 | 5 |
Jiang Zemin | ogy rehabilitating Hu and praising his reformist stance, Jiang took control of the newspaper's editorial board. As the protests continued to grow, the Party imposed martial law and deployed troops in Beijing in May. In Shanghai, 100,000 protestors marched in the streets, and 450 students went on a hunger strike. After ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiang_Zemin | 2,048 | 1 | 5 |
Jiang Zemin | known as "Xiagang" (下岗: to get down from the post) . Jiang also oversaw the breaking of the iron rice bowl, allowing China to join the World Trade Organization in 2001. As a result of the reforms, unemployment rates skyrocketed, rising as high as 40% in some urban areas, and stock markets fluctuated greatly. The scale... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiang_Zemin | 2,048 | 2 | 5 |
Jiang Zemin | contact and negotiate with the mainland, to handle cross-strait affairs that the government was inconvenient or unable to handle. Subsequently, the Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits, the mainland's counterpart, was established on 16 December 1991, and authorized to adhere to the one-China principle a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiang_Zemin | 2,048 | 3 | 5 |
Jiang Zemin | , fell under investigation for corruption.
Jiang had a passable command of several foreign languages, including English and Russian. Jiang remains the only paramount leader of China known to be able to speak English. He enjoyed engaging foreign visitors in small talk on arts and literature in their native language, in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiang_Zemin | 1,948 | 4 | 5 |
Wen Jiabao | Wen Jiabao (Chinese: 温家宝; pinyin: Wēn Jiābǎo; born 15 September 1942) is a Chinese retired politician who served as the 6th premier of China from 2003 to 2013. In his capacity as head of government, Wen was regarded as the leading figure behind China's economic policy. From 2002 to 2012, he held membership in the Polit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wen_Jiabao | 2,048 | 0 | 4 |
Wen Jiabao | en was known to conduct visits to relatively poor areas of China's countryside randomly to avoid elaborate preparations to appease officials and hide the real situation, which is done often in China. At committee meetings of the State Council, Wen made it clear that the rural wealth disparity problem must be addressed.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wen_Jiabao | 2,048 | 1 | 4 |
Wen Jiabao | . Wen also traveled to the 2009 UN Climate Change Conference, where he met with U.S. President Barack Obama twice to secure an 11th-hour non-binding agreement on emissions cuts.
=== Bo Xilai incident ===
Wen Jiabao is one of the main critics of Bo Xilai, then Party Secretary of Chongqing and a leading figure of the c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wen_Jiabao | 2,048 | 2 | 4 |
Wen Jiabao | Barack Obama came second. In August 2010, Wen was named "The Man of the People" by Newsweek. In October 2010, Wen Jiabao was a person selected on the Time's cover that the title was "Wen's World". In 2011, Wen was ranked 14th in Forbes list of the World's Most Powerful People.
In 2021, Chinese authorities censored a t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wen_Jiabao | 677 | 3 | 4 |
Jack Ma | Ma Yun (Chinese: 马云; pinyin: Mǎ Yún; born 10 September 1964), also known as Jack Ma, is a Chinese businessman and philanthropist. He is the founder of the Jack Ma Foundation, and co-founder of Alibaba Group and Yunfeng Capital. As of May 2025, Ma's net worth was estimated at US$27.2 billion.
After taking the gaokao thr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Ma | 2,048 | 0 | 3 |
Jack Ma | potential purpose of expanding Alibaba's corporate operations.
=== Chairman of Alibaba Group ===
From 1999, Ma was executive chairman of Alibaba Group, which has remained one of China's most prominent high-technology holding companies in the two decades since it inception. It has nine major subsidiaries: Alibaba.c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Ma | 2,048 | 1 | 3 |
Jack Ma | 04, Ma was honoured as one of the "Top 10 Economic Personalities of the Year" by China Central Television (CCTV).
In September 2005, the World Economic Forum selected Ma as a "Young Global Leader".
Fortune also selected him as one of the "25 Most Powerful Businesspeople in Asia" in 2005.
Businessweek also selected him ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Ma | 1,642 | 2 | 3 |
Chinese Communist Party | The Communist Party of China (CPC), commonly known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Founded in 1921, the CCP won the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang and proclaimed the establishment of the PRC under the chairmanship of Mao Zedong in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party | 2,048 | 0 | 7 |
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