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92
2946
2960
beowulf.txt
(2946-2960)
(2946-60)
“That bloody swath of Swedes and Geats, the deadly onslaught of men, was widely apparent, how those people aroused the feud between them. Then the good king departed with his companions, wise and very anguished, seeking a stronghold, noble Ongentheow, turning to go to higher ground, having heard of the war-skill and va...
Wæs sio swatswaðu Sweona ond Geata, wælræs weora wide gesyne, hu ða folc mid him fæhðe towehton. Gewat him ða se goda mid his gædelingum, frod, felageomor, fæsten secean, eorl Ongenþio, ufor oncirde; hæfde Higelaces hilde gefrunen, wlonces wigcræft, wiðres ne truwode, þæt he sæmannum onsacan mihte, heaðoliðendum hord f...
112
76
36
2936
2945
beowulf.txt
(2936-2945)
(2936-45)
“Ongentheow then beset them with a huge army, the remnants of the sword, wearied with wounds, promising woes to the wretched troop for the rest of the night, saying that he wished to gut them with the blades of swords—in the morning some would swing on gallows-trees, as game for the birds. Comfort came at last to the s...
Besæt ða sinherge sweorda lafe, wundum werge, wean oft gehet earmre teohhe ondlonge niht, cwæð, he on mergenne meces ecgum getan wolde, sum on galgtreowum fuglum to gamene. Frofor eft gelamp sarigmodum somod ærdæge, syððan hie Hygelaces horn ond byman, gealdor ongeaton, þa se goda com leoda dugoðe on last faran.
91
51
40
2922
2935
beowulf.txt
(2922-2935)
(2922-35)
“Nor do I expect any peace or troth from the Swedish tribe, but it was widely known that Ongentheow deprived Hæthcyn, Hrethel’s son, of his life, at the Ravenswood, when in their arrogance, the Geatish people sought first the War-Scylfings. At once the old father of Ohthere, veteran and terrible, gave back a counter-at...
Ne ic to Sweoðeode sibbe oððe treowe wihte ne wene, ac wæs wide cuð þætte Ongenðio ealdre besnyðede Hæðcen Hreþling wið Hrefnawudu, þa for onmedlan ærest gesohton Geata leode Guðscilfingas. Sona him se froda fæder Ohtheres, eald ond egesfull, ondslyht ageaf, abreot brimwisan, bryd ahredde, gomela iomeowlan golde berofe...
93
64
29
2910b
2921
beowulf.txt
(2910b-2921)
(2910b-21)
“Now it is the people’s expectation for a time of war when the secret is revealed to the Franks and the Frisians, the downfall of our king becomes blazoned about. The feud was shaped, hard against the Hugas, after Hygelac arrived, ferrying a fleet-army into the land of Frisia. The Hetware attacked him in battle, went f...
Nu ys leodum wen orleghwile, syððan underne Froncum ond Frysum fyll cyninges wide weorðeð. Wæs sio wroht scepen heard wið Hugas, syððan Higelac cwom faran flotherge on Fresna land, þær hyne Hetware hilde genægdon, elne geeodon mid ofermægene, þæt se byrnwiga bugan sceolde, feoll on feðan, nalles frætwe geaf ealdor dugo...
92
58
34
2892
2910a
beowulf.txt
(2892-2910a)
(2892-2910a)
Then Wiglaf ordered that battle-work be announced to the dwellings of men along the sea-cliffs, where that war-band sat mind-miserable the morning’s length, shield-bearing in expectation of either the ending day or the home-coming of their beloved lord. He was but little silent with the new message, he who rode down th...
Heht ða þæt heaðoweorc to hagan biodan up ofer ecgclif, þær þæt eorlweorod morgenlongne dæg modgiomor sæt, bordhæbbende, bega on wenum, endedogores ond eftcymes leofes monnes. Lyt swigode niwra spella se ðe næs gerad, ac he soðlice sægde ofer ealle: "Nu is wilgeofa Wedra leoda, dryhten Geata, deaðbedde fæst, wunað wælr...
138
86
52
2884
2891
beowulf.txt
(2884-2891)
(2884-91)
“Now must all treasure-taking and sword-giving, all the joys of home, all comfort, cease for your kindred. Every man must turn away, deprived of their land-rights and their families, after nobler men shall learn from afar of your flight, this glory-shorn deed. Death would be better for every earl than a life of shame!”
Nu sceal sincþego ond swyrdgifu, eall eðelwyn eowrum cynne, lufen alicgean; londrihtes mot þære mægburge monna æghwylc idel hweorfan, syððan æðelingas feorran gefricgean fleam eowerne, domleasan dæd. Deað bið sella eorla gehwylcum þonne edwitlif!"
54
34
20
2873
2883
beowulf.txt
(2873-2883)
(2873-83)
Our people’s king had no reason to boast about his armed comrades. Nevertheless, God granted, the Sovereign of Victories, that he would avenge himself, alone with his blade, when he needed courage. I could only give him a small prop of life in the fight, and I began even so to help him, beyond my measure of strength. I...
Nealles folccyning fyrdgesteallum gylpan þorfte; hwæðre him god uðe, sigora waldend, þæt he hyne sylfne gewræc ana mid ecge, þa him wæs elnes þearf. Ic him lifwraðe lytle meahte ætgifan æt guðe, ond ongan swa þeah ofer min gemet mæges helpan; symle wæs þy sæmra, þonne ic sweorde drep ferhðgeniðlan, fyr unswiðor weoll o...
96
66
30
2860
2872
beowulf.txt
(2860-2872)
(2860-2872)
Then was a grim answer easily conceived by the young thane, to those who lost their nerve before. Wiglaf made a speech, the son of Weohstan, a man sorry-hearted, looking upon the unloved: “Alas, one could say, who wishes to speak the sooth that our lord, who gave you those treasures, that war-tackle, that you stand the...
þa wæs æt ðam geongan grim ondswaru eðbegete þam ðe ær his elne forleas. Wiglaf maðelode, Weohstanes sunu, sec, sarigferð (seah on unleofe): "þæt, la, mæg secgan se ðe wyle soð specan þæt se mondryhten se eow ða maðmas geaf, eoredgeatwe, þe ge þær on standað, þonne he on ealubence oft gesealde healsittendum helm ond by...
102
78
24
2845b
2859
beowulf.txt
(2845b-2859)
(2845b-59)
It was not too long before the battle-slow gave up the forest, the craven troth-breakers, ten of them together who not dared earlier to play with their spears, in their lord’s great need, yet ashamed they bore their shields, their war-gear to where the old man lay, looking upon Wiglaf. He sat wearied, the foot-champion...
Næs ða lang to ðon þæt ða hildlatan holt ofgefan, tydre treowlogan tyne ætsomne. ða ne dorston ær dareðum lacan on hyra mandryhtnes miclan þearfe, ac hy scamiende scyldas bæran, guðgewædu, þær se gomela læg, wlitan on Wilaf. He gewergad sæt, feðecempa, frean eaxlum neah, wehte hyne wætre; him wiht ne speow. Ne meahte h...
119
83
36
2821
2835
beowulf.txt
(2821-2835)
(2821-35)
And then it came to pass that the young man sorrowfully saw, lying on the earth, the dearest of men at the end of his life, bearing himself in a wretched way. His killer lay there also, the terrible earth-dragon, bereaved of life, compelled by deadly blows. No longer would the coiled wyrm be allowed to control the ring...
ða wæs gegongen guman unfrodum earfoðlice, þæt he on eorðan geseah þone leofestan lifes æt ende bleate gebæran. Bona swylce læg, egeslic eorðdraca ealdre bereafod, bealwe gebæded. Beahhordum leng wyrm wohbogen wealdan ne moste, ac hine irenna ecga fornamon, hearde, heaðoscearde homera lafe, þæt se widfloga wundum still...
124
71
53
2462b
2470
beowulf.txt
(2462b-2470)
(2462b-70)
“Just like that the helmet of the Weders endured these wellings, these sorrows at heart, for Herebeald. No whit could he improve the feud with that life-killer, nor could he have hatred towards the battle-warrior for his loathsome deeds, though he was no longer dear to him. Then he with these miseries, when this pain b...
Swa Wedra helm æfter Herebealde heortan sorge weallende wæg. Wihte ne meahte on ðam feorhbonan fæghðe gebetan; no ðy ær he þone heaðorinc hatian ne meahte laðum dædum, þeah him leof ne wæs. He ða mid þære sorhge, þe him swa sar belamp, gumdream ofgeaf, godes leoht geceas, eaferum læfde, swa deð eadig mon,
86
54
32
2999
3010a
beowulf.txt
(2999-3010a)
(2999-3010a)
“That is the feud and the enmity, the war-hate of men, for which I have an expectation that they will seek us, the Swedish people, after they have heard that our lord lies lifeless, who once held off all malicious people from the hoard and realm, doing us a folk-favor and performing furthermore still deeds of earl-ship...
þæt ys sio fæhðo ond se feondscipe, wælnið wera, ðæs ðe ic wen hafo, þe us seceað to Sweona leoda, syððan hie gefricgeað frean userne ealdorleasne, þone ðe ær geheold wið hettendum hord ond rice æfter hæleða hryre, hwate Scildingas, folcred fremede oððe furður gen eorlscipe efnde. Nu is ofost betost þæt we þeodcyning þ...
89
65
24
2444
2459
beowulf.txt
(2444-2459)
(2444-59)
“It would be as miserable a moment as an old man living to see his own son swing on the gallows, too young. Then he would relate a verse or two, a sorrowing song, as his son hung there, a benefit only to ravens, and he cannot do anything, though old and wise, to help him. It always comes to mind, every morning, the dep...
Swa bið geomorlic gomelum ceorle to gebidanne, þæt his byre ride giong on galgan, þonne he gyd wrece, sarigne sang, þonne his sunu hangað hrefne to hroðre, ond he him helpe ne mæg, eald ond infrod, ænige gefremman. Symble bið gemyndgad morna gehwylce eaforan ellorsið; oðres ne gymeð to gebidanne burgum in innan yrfewea...
139
91
48
2094
2100
beowulf.txt
(2094-2100)
(2094-2100)
“It would be too long to tell, how I requited in hand-payments every one of the evils of that tribe’s affliction—there I, my prince, worthied with my works your people. He escaped on his way, enjoying his life for a little while longer, nevertheless his right hand warded his swath back in Heorot—and he came to die, abj...
yfla gehwylces ondlean forgeald; þær ic, þeoden min, þine leode weorðode weorcum. He on weg losade, lytle hwile lifwynna breac; hwæþre him sio swiðre swaðe weardade hand on Hiorte, ond he hean ðonan modes geomor meregrund gefeoll.
67
37
30
2081
2093
beowulf.txt
(2081-2093)
(2081-93)
“No sooner did he wish to leave that gold-hall, empty-handed, the bloody-toothed killer, mindful of slaughter, but he tested my renowned strength, his eager claw grasped me. His pouch hung down, broad and wondrous, bound with a wrought clasp— it was cleverly made, girded throughout with devil’s craft and dragon’s skin....
No ðy ær ut ða gen idelhende bona blodigtoð, bealewa gemyndig, of ðam goldsele gongan wolde, ac he mægnes rof min costode, grapode gearofolm. Glof hangode sid ond syllic, searobendum fæst; sio wæs orðoncum eall gegyrwed deofles cræftum ond dracan fellum. He mec þær on innan unsynnigne, dior dædfruma, gedon wolde manigr...
75
72
3
2069b
2080
beowulf.txt
(2069b-2080)
(2069b-80)
“I must speak further about Grendel, so that you may know readily, my dispenser of treasure, how the hand-rush of warriors ended up afterwards. After heaven’s gem passed over the ground the angry ghast came seeking us, terrible, night-fierce, where we guarded the hall unharmed. There Hondscio was attacked in battle, fa...
Ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymbe Grendel, þæt ðu geare cunne, sinces brytta, to hwan syððan wearð hondræs hæleða. Syððan heofones gim glad ofer grundas, gæst yrre cwom, eatol, æfengrom, user neosan, ðær we gesunde sæl weardodon. þær wæs Hondscio hild onsæge, feorhbealu fægum; he fyrmest læg, gyrded cempa; him Grendel wea...
75
61
14
2057
2069a
beowulf.txt
(2057-2069a)
(2057-69a)
“And so he reminds and mentions it with all sorts of talk, with painful words, until that inevitable moment comes when that lady’s attendant, for his father’s deeds, slumbers splattered with blood after the bite of blade, his life forfeit. That other man will get away from there, still living, he readily knows the land...
Manað swa ond myndgað mæla gehwylce sarum wordum, oððæt sæl cymeð þæt se fæmnan þegn fore fæder dædum æfter billes bite blodfag swefeð, ealdres scyldig; him se oðer þonan losað lifigende, con him land geare. þonne bioð abrocene on ba healfe aðsweord eorla; syððan Ingelde weallað wælniðas, ond him wiflufan æfter cearwæl...
111
66
45
2047
2056
beowulf.txt
(2047-2056)
(2047-56)
“’Can’t you, my friend, recognize the sword, which your father bore to the battle, beneath his war-mask, for the very last time, his beloved blade, where the Danes dinged him down, ruling the war-ground, when Withergeld lay after the crumbling of heroes, by the sharp Scyldings? Now here the son of his killers—I don’t k...
'Meaht ðu, min wine, mece gecnawan þone þin fæder to gefeohte bær under heregriman hindeman siðe, dyre iren, þær hyne Dene slogon, weoldon wælstowe, syððan Wiðergyld læg, æfter hæleþa hryre, hwate Scyldungas? Nu her þara banena byre nathwylces frætwum hremig on flet gæð, morðres gylpeð, ond þone maðþum byreð, þone þe ð...
80
56
24
2032
2046
beowulf.txt
(2032-2046)
(2032-46)
“The prince of the Heathobards could be insulted, and all of his thanes, of his people, when a lordly youth comes onto the floor with his lady, accepted with honor. But on him gleams some ancient heirloom, rigid and ring-scrolled, a Heathobard treasure while they were allowed to wield those weapons, until they misplace...
Mæg þæs þonne ofþyncan ðeodne Heaðobeardna ond þegna gehwam þara leoda, þonne he mid fæmnan on flett gæð, dryhtbearn Dena, duguða biwenede; on him gladiað gomelra lafe, heard ond hringmæl Heaðabeardna gestreon þenden hie ðam wæpnum wealdan moston, oððæt hie forlæddan to ðam lindplegan swæse gesiðas ond hyra sylfra feor...
116
85
31
2014
2031
beowulf.txt
(2014-2031)
(2014-31)
“The troop celebrated—never have I seen under heaven’s vaulting greater mead-joys of hall-sitters. Sometimes the noted queen, the peace-pledge between peoples, went throughout the entire hall, bolstering the young retainers. Often she gave out writhed rings to the men, before she went back to her seat. Sometimes the da...
Weorod wæs on wynne; ne seah ic widan feorh under heofones hwealf healsittendra medudream maran. Hwilum mæru cwen, friðusibb folca, flet eall geondhwearf, bædde byre geonge; oft hio beahwriðan secge sealde, ær hie to setle geong. Hwilum for duguðe dohtor Hroðgares eorlum on ende ealuwæge bær; þa ic Freaware fletsittend...
150
99
51
1999
2013
beowulf.txt
(1999-2013)
(1999-2013)
Beowulf replied, the son of Ecghtheow: “That is a open fact, my lord Hygelac, our meeting notorious to many peoples, such a time of battle between us, Grendel and I, was found in that same place, where so many times before he gave them sorrow, the Victory-Scyldings, making their lives miserable. I avenged all that so t...
Biowulf maðelode, bearn Ecgðioes: "þæt is undyrne, dryhten Higelac, micel gemeting, monegum fira, hwylc orleghwil uncer Grendles wearð on ðam wange, þær he worna fela Sigescyldingum sorge gefremede, yrmðe to aldre. Ic ðæt eall gewræc, swa begylpan ne þearf Grendeles maga ænig ofer eorðan uhthlem þone, se ðe lengest leo...
119
80
39
1987
1998
beowulf.txt
(1987-1998)
(1987-98)
“How did it go for you on the road, my dear Beowulf, which you so suddenly decided to travel far away, seeking a struggle over the salt water a battle in Heorot? And did you repair in any way the well-known woes of Hrothgar, the famous prince? For this I boiled in mind-cares, sorrow-wellings. I did not trust in your jo...
"Hu lomp eow on lade, leofa Biowulf, þa ðu færinga feorr gehogodest sæcce secean ofer sealt wæter, hilde to Hiorote? Ac ðu Hroðgare widcuðne wean wihte gebettest, mærum ðeodne? Ic ðæs modceare sorhwylmum seað, siðe ne truwode leofes mannes; ic ðe lange bæd þæt ðu þone wælgæst wihte ne grette, lete Suðdene sylfe geweorð...
97
68
29
1977
1986
beowulf.txt
(1977-1986)
(1977-86)
Then he sat among them himself, who had survived the struggles, kinsman with his kin, after he had faithfully greeted his lord through his set speech and by stately words. Hareth’s daughter turned through the hall, with cups of mead, adoring the men, bearing drinking horns into the hands of heroes. Hygelac began to ask...
Gesæt þa wið sylfne se ða sæcce genæs, mæg wið mæge, syððan mandryhten þurh hleoðorcwyde holdne gegrette, meaglum wordum. Meoduscencum hwearf geond þæt healreced Hæreðes dohtor, lufode ða leode, liðwæge bær hæleðum to handa. Higelac ongan sinne geseldan in sele þam hean fægre fricgcean (hyne fyrwet bræc, hwylce Sægeata...
76
51
25
1963
1976
beowulf.txt
(1963-1976)
(1963-76)
Then the hardened warrior departed with his hand-picked crew, treading across the sand, the sea-land, the wide beach. The world-candle shone, the sun hurrying from the south. They had endured the journey, going in courageously towards the shelter of earls, the killer of Ongentheow. They knew where the good man, the you...
Gewat him ða se hearda mid his hondscole sylf æfter sande sæwong tredan, wide waroðas. Woruldcandel scan, sigel suðan fus. Hi sið drugon, elne geeodon, to ðæs ðe eorla hleo, bonan Ongenþeoes burgum in innan, geongne guðcyning godne gefrunon hringas dælan. Higelace wæs sið Beowulfes snude gecyðed, þæt ðær on worðig wige...
105
71
34
1945
1962
beowulf.txt
(1945-1962)
(1945-62)
The kinsman of Hemming, however, put a stop to that— as ale-drinkers spoke the second part— that she performed less harm to the people, fewer evil designs, after she was given first, adorned with gold, to the young champion, to her noble beloved, since she sought a journey to the hall of Offa, over the fallow waves, by...
ealodrincende oðer sædan, þæt hio leodbealewa læs gefremede, inwitniða, syððan ærest wearð gyfen goldhroden geongum cempan, æðelum diore, syððan hio Offan flet ofer fealone flod be fæder lare siðe gesohte; ðær hio syððan well in gumstole, gode, mære, lifgesceafta lifigende breac, hiold heahlufan wið hæleþa brego, ealle...
150
82
68
1931b
1944
beowulf.txt
(1931b-1944)
(1931b-44)
Modthryth bore with her terrible crimes, that vigorous lady of her people. None of the bold dared to risk himself, the dear companions, unless he were her husband— to look her in the eyes in the daytime, but a slaughter-band was assigned him painfully, woven by hand. All at once, the sword gripped by hand settled the c...
Mod þryðo wæg, fremu folces cwen, firen ondrysne. Nænig þæt dorste deor geneþan swæsra gesiða, nefne sinfrea, þæt hire an dæges eagum starede, ac him wælbende weotode tealde handgewriþene; hraþe seoþðan wæs æfter mundgripe mece geþinged, þæt hit sceadenmæl scyran moste, cwealmbealu cyðan. Ne bið swylc cwenlic þeaw ides...
102
69
33
1925
1931a
beowulf.txt
(1925-1931a)
(1925-31a)
The building was beautiful, the lord-brave king high in his hall—and Hygd so young, wise and well-honored, though light of the winters she had endured under the sheltering-close, Hareth’s daughter, nor was she ungenerous however, nor sparing of gifts to the Geatish people, of treasured riches.
Bold wæs betlic, bregorof cyning, heah in healle, Hygd swiðe geong, wis, welþungen, þeah ðe wintra lyt under burhlocan gebiden hæbbe, Hæreþes dohtor; næs hio hnah swa þeah, ne to gneað gifa Geata leodum, maþmgestreona.
46
35
11
1915
1924
beowulf.txt
(1915-1924)
(1915-24)
Swiftly there was the harbor-watch ready at the shore, who for a long time had looked out for those beloved men, eager at the ocean. The broad-bosomed ship was curbed in the sand, fixed by its binding anchor, lest the force of the waves should carry the winsome wood away. Then Beowulf ordered the nobleman’s treasures b...
se þe ær lange tid leofra manna fus æt faroðe feor wlatode; sælde to sande sidfæþme scip, oncerbendum fæst, þy læs hym yþa ðrym wudu wynsuman forwrecan meahte. Het þa up beran æþelinga gestreon, frætwe ond fætgold; næs him feor þanon to gesecanne sinces bryttan, Higelac Hreþling, þær æt ham wunað selfa mid gesiðum sæwe...
92
56
36
1903b
1914
beowulf.txt
(1903b-1914)
(1903b-14)
Then Beowulf departed in the ship, dredging the deep water, giving up the Danish land. A certain sea-cloak was affixed to the mast, the sail by its rope. The swimming wood resounded. The wind never hindered the wave-float on its journey over the surf. The sea-goer travelled, foamy-necked fleeting forth over the waves, ...
Gewat him on naca drefan deop wæter, Dena land ofgeaf. þa wæs be mæste merehrægla sum, segl sale fæst; sundwudu þunede. No þær wegflotan wind ofer yðum siðes getwæfde; sægenga for, fleat famigheals forð ofer yðe, bundenstefna ofer brimstreamas, þæt hie Geata clifu ongitan meahton, cuþe næssas. Ceol up geþrang lyftgeswe...
86
60
26
1896
1903a
beowulf.txt
(1896-1903a)
(1896-1903a)
Then the sea-broad ship, with the ringed prow, was loaded on the beach with war-weeds, with treasures and with horses. The mast loomed over Hrothgar’s hoarded-treasures. Then he gave to the boat-warden a sword bound with gold, which afterwards, he would be the more worthy on the mead-bench for that treasure, that ancie...
þa wæs on sande sægeap naca hladen herewædum, hringedstefna, mearum ond maðmum; mæst hlifade ofer Hroðgares hordgestreonum. He þæm batwearde bunden golde swurd gesealde, þæt he syðþan wæs on meodubence maþme þy weorþra, yrfelafe.
54
34
20
1888
1895
beowulf.txt
(1888-1895)
(1888-95)
Then they came to the flood, that troop of high-spirited bachelors, bearing their ring-nets, locked link-sarks. The coast guard observed the return of the earls, just as before he had seen them. He did not greet the guests with insults from the crest of the cliffs, but he rode toward them, saying that the Wederish peop...
Cwom þa to flode felamodigra, hægstealdra heap, hringnet bæron, locene leoðosyrcan. Landweard onfand eftsið eorla, swa he ær dyde; no he mid hearme of hliðes nosan gæstas grette, ac him togeanes rad, cwæð þæt wilcuman Wedera leodum scaþan scirhame to scipe foron.
64
42
22
1880b
1887
beowulf.txt
(1880b-1887)
(1880b-87)
Beowulf went from there, treading the grassy earth, a warrior-prince gold-proud, exultant in treasure. The sea-going ship, riding at anchor, awaited its steering master. Along the way the gifts of Hrothgar were often esteemed. He was a singular king, without blame in everything, until old age would seize him in the joy...
Him Beowulf þanan, guðrinc goldwlanc, græsmoldan træd since hremig; sægenga bad agendfrean, se þe on ancre rad. þa wæs on gange gifu Hroðgares oft geæhted; þæt wæs an cyning, æghwæs orleahtre, oþþæt hine yldo benam mægenes wynnum, se þe oft manegum scod.
60
42
18
1866
1880a
beowulf.txt
(1866-1880a)
(1866-80a)
Then, still in the hall, the shelter of earls, the son of Halfdane, gave to Beowulf, twelve treasures, bidding him to seek his own tribe in safety with those gifts, and to come again at once. Then the good king of noble stock kissed the best of thanes, the prince of Scyldings holding him by the neck. Tears fell to the ...
ða git him eorla hleo inne gesealde, mago Healfdenes, maþmas XII; het hine mid þæm lacum leode swæse secean on gesyntum, snude eft cuman. Gecyste þa cyning æþelum god, þeoden Scyldinga, ðegn betstan ond be healse genam; hruron him tearas, blondenfeaxum. Him wæs bega wen, ealdum infrodum, oþres swiðor, þæt hie seoððan n...
129
86
43
1840
1853a
beowulf.txt
(1840-1853a)
(1840-53a)
Hrothgar prepared his reply, and answered him: “Knowing God has sent you this wordy speech into your heart. Nor have I heard a man more wise in making arrangements at such a young age. You are mighty in power and wise in your heart, thoughtful in statement. I hold fast to the hope that if it should occur that the spear...
Hroðgar maþelode him on ondsware: "þe þa wordcwydas wigtig drihten on sefan sende; ne hyrde ic snotorlicor on swa geongum feore guman þingian. þu eart mægenes strang ond on mode frod, wis wordcwida. Wen ic talige, gif þæt gegangeð, þæt ðe gar nymeð, hild heorugrimme, Hreþles eaferan, adl oþðe iren ealdor ðinne, folces ...
111
76
35
1830b
1839
beowulf.txt
(1830b-1839)
(1830b-39)
I know this in Hygelac, the lord of the Geats, though he be young, the herdsman of his people, that he will want to bolster my claim, in words and deeds, that I may honor you highly and bear spear-shafts in your comfort, the support of power, where there is need of your people. If ever Hrethric, the son of a prince, de...
Ic on Higelac wat, Geata dryhten, þeah ðe he geong sy, folces hyrde, þæt he mec fremman wile wordum ond worcum, þæt ic þe wel herige ond þe to geoce garholt bere, mægenes fultum, þær ðe bið manna þearf. Gif him þonne Hreþric to hofum Geata geþingeð, þeodnes bearn, he mæg þær fela freonda findan; feorcyþðe beoð selran g...
89
64
25
1817
1830a
beowulf.txt
(1817-1830a)
(1817-1830a)
Beowulf raised a speech, the son of Ecgtheow: “Now we sea-sailors, having come from afar, wish to say that we aim to seek Hygelac. Here we have been entertained well, joyfully. You have dealt with us fairly. If I can do anything more to earn more of your heartfelt love, O lord of men, than I have already done, of warli...
Beowulf maþelode, bearn Ecgþeowes: "Nu we sæliðend secgan wyllað, feorran cumene, þæt we fundiaþ Higelac secan. Wæron her tela willum bewenede; þu us wel dohtest. Gif ic þonne on eorþan owihte mæg þinre modlufan maran tilian, gumena dryhten, ðonne ic gyt dyde, guðgeweorca, ic beo gearo sona. Gif ic þæt gefricge ofer fl...
108
72
36
1813
1816
beowulf.txt
(1813-1816)
(1813-16)
And then the travel-bold warriors were prepared in their armor. The nobleman went as honor to the Danes, to the high seat, where that other was sitting, the battle-brave hero, and greeted Hrothgar.
Ond þa siðfrome, searwum gearwe wigend wæron; eode weorð Denum æþeling to yppan, þær se oþer wæs, hæle hildedeor Hroðgar grette.
33
21
12
1807
1812
beowulf.txt
(1807-1812)
(1807-12)
Then the hardened man ordered Hrunting to be borne back to the son of Ecglaf, bidding that he take up his sword, the admirable iron. He said his thanks for the loan, speaking that he reckoned it a valuable friend in war, battle-crafty—he said no word at all against the blade’s edge. He was a mindful man.
Heht þa se hearda Hrunting beran sunu Ecglafes, heht his sweord niman, leoflic iren; sægde him þæs leanes þanc, cwæð, he þone guðwine godne tealde, wigcræftigne, nales wordum log meces ecge; þæt wæs modig secg.
57
35
22
1799
1806
beowulf.txt
(1799-1806)
(1799-1806)
The great heart rested himself then, the hall loomed, wide and spangled with gold. Guests slept within, until the black raven pronounced the joy of heaven with a blithe heart. Then came the bright light hurrying over shadow. The harmful man hastened, the nobles were eager to return their people. They wished to seek out...
Reste hine þa rumheort; reced hliuade geap ond goldfah; gæst inne swæf oþþæt hrefn blaca heofones wynne bliðheort bodode. ða com beorht scacan scaþan onetton, wæron æþelingas eft to leodum fuse to farenne; wolde feor þanon cuma collenferhð ceoles neosan.
62
40
22
1785
1798
beowulf.txt
(1785-1798)
(1785-98)
The younger Geat was glad-minded, he went at once to seek his seat, as the wise man bid him do. Then fairly was the feast prepared anew for the courage-bold, for those bench-sitters. The night-helmet shadowed, darkness over the noble warriors. The company all arose—the grey-haired would seek his bed, the ancient Scyldi...
Geat wæs glædmod, geong sona to setles neosan, swa se snottra heht. þa wæs eft swa ær ellenrofum fletsittendum fægere gereorded niowan stefne. Nihthelm geswearc deorc ofer dryhtgumum. Duguð eal aras. Wolde blondenfeax beddes neosan, gamela Scylding. Geat unigmetes wel, rofne randwigan, restan lyste; sona him seleþegn s...
96
65
31
1769
1784
beowulf.txt
(1769-1784)
(1769-84)
“So I have reined the Ring-Danes for a hundred half-years under the heavens and harbored them from war against the many tribes throughout this middle-earth, from spear and sword alike, so that I accounted no one my enemy under the coursing of the skies. What a reversal arrived for me in my range, grief after the games,...
Swa ic Hringdena hund missera weold under wolcnum ond hig wigge beleac manigum mægþa geond þysne middangeard, æscum ond ecgum, þæt ic me ænigne under swegles begong gesacan ne tealde. Hwæt, me þæs on eþle edwenden cwom, gyrn æfter gomene, seoþðan Grendel wearð, ealdgewinna, ingenga min; ic þære socne singales wæg modce...
131
92
39
2460
2462a
beowulf.txt
(2460-2462a)
(2460-62a)
“Then he goes to his bed, singing a sorrow-song, alone for his lonely one. Everything seems too wide for him, the fields and the places of habitation.
Gewiteð þonne on sealman, sorhleoð gæleð an æfter anum; þuhte him eall to rum, wongas ond wicstede.
27
17
10
2101
2114
beowulf.txt
(2101-2114)
(2101-14)
“The friend of the Scyldings rewarded my battle-crash with many things: vesseled gold, many treasures, after the morning had come, and we had sat down to feasting. There was verse and much joy—a Scylding oldster knowing many things, reckoning stories from long ago, sometimes the battle-brave struck the gleeful wood, tu...
Me þone wælræs wine Scildunga fættan golde fela leanode, manegum maðmum, syððan mergen com ond we to symble geseten hæfdon. þær wæs gidd ond gleo. Gomela Scilding, felafricgende, feorran rehte; hwilum hildedeor hearpan wynne, gomenwudu grette, hwilum gyd awræc soð ond sarlic, hwilum syllic spell rehte æfter rihte rumhe...
107
69
38
2115
2134
beowulf.txt
(2115-2134)
(2115-34)
“So we grasped our enjoyment the whole day long within the hall, until another night came upon mankind. Then she was quick to return, ready for terrible wrack, Grendel’s mother, venturing sorrowfully. Death had seized her son, and the war-hatred of the Weders. The horrible woman avenged her son, killed a warrior audaci...
Swa we þær inne ondlangne dæg niode naman, oððæt niht becwom oðer to yldum. þa wæs eft hraðe gearo gyrnwræce Grendeles modor, siðode sorhfull; sunu deað fornam, wighete Wedra. Wif unhyre hyre bearn gewræc, beorn acwealde ellenlice; þær wæs æschere, frodan fyrnwitan, feorh uðgenge. Noðer hy hine ne moston, syððan mergen...
159
104
55
1853b
1865
beowulf.txt
(1853b-1865)
(1853b-65)
“The contents of your heart please me better the longer I know you, my dear Beowulf. You have brought it about that there shall be peace in common between the Geatish people and the Spear-Danes, and a rest from conflict and the hostile malice which they once endured, so long as I rule the wide realm and the mutual trea...
Me þin modsefa licað leng swa wel, leofa Beowulf. Hafast þu gefered þæt þam folcum sceal, Geata leodum ond Gardenum, sib gemæne, ond sacu restan, inwitniþas, þe hie ær drugon, wesan, þenden ic wealde widan rices, maþmas gemæne, manig oþerne godum gegretan ofer ganotes bæð; sceal hringnaca ofer heafu bringan lac ond luf...
109
69
40
2144
2151
beowulf.txt
(2144-2151)
(2144-51)
“And so the tribal king lived according to good custom— not at all did I lose out of my recompense, reward for my strength, but he piled on many treasures, the son of Halfdane, much to my own glory, and these I wish to bring to you, lord of warriors, showing my favor. All of the good things for me are wrapped up in you...
Swa se ðeodkyning þeawum lyfde. Nealles ic ðam leanum forloren hæfde, mægnes mede, ac he me maðmas geaf, sunu Healfdenes, on minne sylfes dom; ða ic ðe, beorncyning, bringan wylle, estum geywan. Gen is eall æt ðe lissa gelong; ic lyt hafo heafodmaga nefne, Hygelac, ðec."
75
46
29
2435
2443
beowulf.txt
(2435-2443)
(2435-43)
“For the eldest, a deathbed was laid out, undeservedly, through the deeds of his kin, after Hæthcyn struck him down with an arrow, his own brother, from the horned bow, missing his mark and shooting down his kinsman, brother to brother, with a bloody shaft. That was an irresolvable conflict— a wrongful crime wearing ou...
Wæs þam yldestan ungedefelice mæges dædum morþorbed stred, syððan hyne Hæðcyn of hornbogan, his freawine, flane geswencte, miste mercelses ond his mæg ofscet, broðor oðerne blodigan gare. þæt wæs feohleas gefeoht, fyrenum gesyngad, hreðre hygemeðe; sceolde hwæðre swa þeah æðeling unwrecen ealdres linnan.
64
43
21
2135
2143
beowulf.txt
(2135-2143)
(2135-43)
Then I, as is widely known, discovered the deep-keeper, fierce, terrifying. There were our hands exchanged for a long time. The swamp welled with gore and I chopped off the head of Grendel’s mother in that war-hall with an overgrown sword. With no easy effort, I carried my life from there. I was not doomed to die at th...
Ic ða ðæs wælmes, þe is wide cuð, grimne gryrelicne grundhyrde fond; þær unc hwile wæs hand gemæne, holm heolfre weoll, ond ic heafde becearf in ðam guðsele Grendeles modor eacnum ecgum, unsofte þonan feorh oðferede. Næs ic fæge þa gyt, ac me eorla hleo eft gesealde maðma menigeo, maga Healfdenes.
74
51
23
2425
2434
beowulf.txt
(2425-2434)
(2425-34)
Beowulf made a speech, the son of Ecgtheow: “I survived many battle-crashes in my youth, times of flaming fight. I remember them all. I was seven winters old when the lord of treasures, the lord of the people took me from my father’s house. King Hrethel held and kept me, gave me treasure and food, mindful of our kinshi...
Biowulf maþelade, bearn Ecgðeowes: "Fela ic on giogoðe guðræsa genæs, orleghwila; ic þæt eall gemon. Ic wæs syfanwintre, þa mec sinca baldor, freawine folca, æt minum fæder genam; heold mec ond hæfde Hreðel cyning, geaf me sinc ond symbel, sibbe gemunde. Næs ic him to life laðra owihte, beorn in burgum, þonne his bearn...
88
61
27
2417
2424
beowulf.txt
(2417-2424)
(2417-24)
Then the battle-hardened king sat down on the headland, wishing good health for his hearth-comrades in later days, the gold-friend of the Geats. His heart was mournful, stirring, death-eager— the final moment was so very close, which must come upon the old man at last, seeking the soul’s hoard, pulling them asunder, li...
Gesæt ða on næsse niðheard cyning, þenden hælo abead heorðgeneatum, goldwine Geata. Him wæs geomor sefa, wæfre ond wælfus, wyrd ungemete neah, se ðone gomelan gretan sceolde, secean sawle hord, sundur gedælan lif wið lice, no þon lange wæs feorh æþelinges flæsce bewunden.
69
43
26
2397
2416
beowulf.txt
(2397-2416)
(2397-2416)
So he had survived every sort of hatred, every terrible conflict, the son of Ecgtheow, with courageous deeds, until that one day when he must battle against the dragon. He departed, one of twelve, the lord of the Geats, enraged and furious, to look for the wyrm. He had found out whence this feud arose, this deadly offe...
Swa he niða gehwane genesen hæfde, sliðra geslyhta, sunu Ecgðiowes, ellenweorca, oð ðone anne dæg þe he wið þam wyrme gewegan sceolde. Gewat þa XIIa sum torne gebolgen dryhten Geata dracan sceawian. Hæfde þa gefrunen hwanan sio fæhð aras, bealonið biorna; him to bearme cwom maðþumfæt mære þurh ðæs meldan hond. Se wæs o...
157
111
46
2391
2396
beowulf.txt
(2391-2396)
(2391-96)
Beowulf remembered requital for that blow to his people in later days—he made friends with the wretched Eadgils, supporting his side across the broad sea, the son of Ohthere, with warriors and weapons. He was avenged in time for that cold and miserable foray when the king was killed.
Se ðæs leodhryres lean gemunde uferan dogrum, Eadgilse wearð feasceaftum freond, folce gestepte ofer sæ side sunu Ohteres, wigum ond wæpnum; he gewræc syððan cealdum cearsiðum, cyning ealdre bineat.
49
29
20
2369
2379a
beowulf.txt
(2369-2379a)
(2369-79a)
There Hygd offered him the hoard and the realm, rings and royal throne. She had no faith in her son that he knew how to hold onto his native seat against the foreign hordes, now that Hygelac was dead. Nor by this could the miserable prevail upon the noble man, with any means, to become the king over Heardred, or wish t...
þær him Hygd gebead hord ond rice, beagas ond bregostol, bearne ne truwode þæt he wið ælfylcum eþelstolas healdan cuðe, ða wæs Hygelac dead. No ðy ær feasceafte findan meahton æt ðam æðelinge ænige ðinga, þæt he Heardrede hlaford wære oððe þone cynedom ciosan wolde; hwæðre he him on folce freondlarum heold, estum mid a...
92
61
31
2354b
2368
beowulf.txt
(2354b-2368)
(2354b-68)
It was hardly the least of hand-moots when somebody struck down Hygelac, after the Geatish king, the generous lord of the people, in the press of battle in Friesland— the heir of Hrethel was slain, drunk with swords, beaten with the blade. Beowulf came away from there by his own skill, by swimming— he had in his arms t...
No þæt læsest wæs hondgemota, þær mon Hygelac sloh, syððan Geata cyning guðe ræsum, freawine folca Freslondum on, Hreðles eafora hiorodryncum swealt, bille gebeaten. þonan Biowulf com sylfes cræfte, sundnytte dreah; hæfde him on earme ana XXX hildegeatwa, þa he to holme beag. Nealles Hetware hremge þorfton feðewiges, þ...
114
73
41
2345
2354a
beowulf.txt
(2345-2354a)
(2345-54a)
The prince of rings scorned the idea of seeking out that wide-flying beast with an army, a sizeable force of men. Not for a minute did he dread the onslaught, nor was he, brave and strong, much concerned about that dragon’s warmaking, because he had survived many hateful foes, daring difficulties, since he had cleansed...
Oferhogode ða hringa fengel þæt he þone widflogan weorode gesohte, sidan herge; no he him þa sæcce ondred, ne him þæs wyrmes wig for wiht dyde, eafoð ond ellen, forðon he ær fela nearo neðende niða gedigde, hildehlemma, syððan he Hroðgares, sigoreadig secg, sele fælsode ond æt guðe forgrap Grendeles mægum laðan cynnes.
73
53
20
2333
2344
beowulf.txt
(2333-2344)
(2333-44)
The fiery dragon had destroyed the fortress of the people, that waterfront stronghold from without, with flickering tongues, and for that the war-king, the prince of the Weders, conceived a revenge. The shelter of warriors, the lord of earls ordered that a war-shield be wrought for him, entirely of iron, marvelous. He ...
Hæfde ligdraca leoda fæsten, ealond utan, eorðweard ðone gledum forgrunden; him ðæs guðkyning, Wedera þioden, wræce leornode. Heht him þa gewyrcean wigendra hleo eallirenne, eorla dryhten, wigbord wrætlic; wisse he gearwe þæt him holtwudu helpan ne meahte, lind wið lige. Sceolde lændaga æþeling ærgod ende gebidan, woru...
99
57
42
1758
1768
beowulf.txt
(1758-1768)
(1758-68)
“Guard yourself against this killing malice, my dear Beowulf, best of men, and choose the better part, the enduring good. Care nothing for pride, famous champion! Now the profits of your power last a short time. Too soon there will be disease or the blade to deprive you of strength, or else the clutch of flame or the w...
Bebeorh þe ðone bealonið, Beowulf leofa, secg betsta, ond þe þæt selre geceos, ece rædas; oferhyda ne gym, mære cempa. Nu is þines mægnes blæd ane hwile. Eft sona bið þæt þec adl oððe ecg eafoþes getwæfeð, oððe fyres feng, oððe flodes wylm, oððe gripe meces, oððe gares fliht, oððe atol yldo; oððe eagena bearhtm forsite...
99
65
34
2324
2332
beowulf.txt
(2324-2332)
(2324-32)
Then that terror was revealed to Beowulf, the truth at once, that his very own home, buildings’ best, had melted in the welling-burn, the gift-throne of the Geats. That was for the good king baleful in his breast, the most mind-sorrow. The wise man believed he had bitterly provoked the Wielder, the Eternal Lord, over t...
þa wæs Biowulfe broga gecyðed snude to soðe, þæt his sylfes ham, bolda selest, brynewylmum mealt, gifstol Geata. þæt ðam godan wæs hreow on hreðre, hygesorga mæst; wende se wisa þæt he wealdende ofer ealde riht, ecean dryhtne, bitre gebulge. Breost innan weoll þeostrum geþoncum, swa him geþywe ne wæs.
72
50
22
2312
2323
beowulf.txt
(2312-2323)
(2312-23)
Then the alien spirit began to spew flaming breath, burning the bright halls. A burning light stood tall, a horror to all humans. The hated wind-flier wished to leave nothing alive there. The wyrm’s warfare was plain to see, the cruelly-hostile malice, from near and far—how the battle-harmer hated and harassed the Geat...
ða se gæst ongan gledum spiwan, beorht hofu bærnan; bryneleoma stod eldum on andan. No ðær aht cwices lað lyftfloga læfan wolde. Wæs þæs wyrmes wig wide gesyne, nearofages nið nean ond feorran, hu se guðsceaða Geata leode hatode ond hynde; hord eft gesceat, dryhtsele dyrnne, ær dæges hwile. Hæfde landwara lige befangen...
94
65
29
2300b
2311
beowulf.txt
(2300b-2311)
(2300b-11)
He discovered at once that some human had tampered with the high-treasures, the gold. The hoard-warden waited miserably until the evening came—the barrow-watcher was swollen at heart. The loathsome one wished to requite his precious drinking-cup with fire. Then the day darkened, to the delight of the dragon. He did not...
He þæt sona onfand ðæt hæfde gumena sum goldes gefandod, heahgestreona. Hordweard onbad earfoðlice oððæt æfen cwom; wæs ða gebolgen beorges hyrde, wolde se laða lige forgyldan drincfæt dyre. þa wæs dæg sceacen wyrme on willan; no on wealle læg, bidan wolde, ac mid bæle for, fyre gefysed. Wæs se fruma egeslic leodum on ...
89
64
25
2287
2300a
beowulf.txt
(2287-2300a)
(2287-2300a)
Then the wyrm woke up, a quarrel was renewed— he sniffed the scent upon the stones, the stark-hearted found the footsteps of his foe. The thief stepped too close to the dragon’s head, in his secrecy. So can the undoomed survive easily woe and vengeance, for whom the Wielder holds his favor. The hoard-warden sought eage...
þa se wyrm onwoc, wroht wæs geniwad; stonc ða æfter stane, stearcheort onfand feondes fotlast; he to forð gestop dyrnan cræfte dracan heafde neah. Swa mæg unfæge eaðe gedigan wean ond wræcsið, se ðe waldendes hyldo gehealdeþ! Hordweard sohte georne æfter grunde, wolde guman findan, þone þe him on sweofote sare geteode,...
110
78
32
2379b
2390
beowulf.txt
(2379b-2390)
(2379b-90)
The sons of Ohthere, wracked exiles sought Heardred over the sea—they had revolted against the helm of the Scylfings, the best of the sea-kings who distributed treasure in Sweden, the famous prince. That became his downfall. There he received a mortal blow for his hospitality, by the swinging of swords, the son of Hyge...
Hyne wræcmæcgas ofer sæ sohtan, suna Ohteres; hæfdon hy forhealden helm Scylfinga, þone selestan sæcyninga þara ðe in Swiorice sinc brytnade, mærne þeoden. Him þæt to mearce wearð; he þær for feorme feorhwunde hleat sweordes swengum, sunu Hygelaces, ond him eft gewat Ongenðioes bearn hames niosan, syððan Heardred læg, ...
84
60
24
2278
2286
beowulf.txt
(2278-2286)
(2278-86)
And so the people’s injury held onto one of these hoard-houses in the earth for three hundred winters, hugely grown, until some man enraged it in its heart. The thief bore a golden cup to his lord, begging for a peaceful pledge from his master. Thus the hoard was searched out, that trove of rings diminished, that boon ...
Swa se ðeodsceaða þreo hund wintra heold on hrusan hordærna sum, eacencræftig, oððæt hyne an abealch mon on mode; mandryhtne bær fæted wæge, frioðowære bæd hlaford sinne. ða wæs hord rasod, onboren beaga hord, bene getiðad feasceaftum men. Frea sceawode fira fyrngeweorc forman siðe.
77
44
33
2152
2154
beowulf.txt
(2152-2154)
(2152-54)
Beowulf ordered the boar’s-head-standard to be brought in, the battle-lofty helmet, the hoary byrnie, the elaborate war-blade, and afterwards related this account:
Het ða in beran eaforheafodsegn, heaðosteapne helm, hare byrnan, guðsweord geatolic, gyd æfter wræc:
22
14
8
2163
2171
beowulf.txt
(2163-2171)
(2163-71)
I have heard that four horses followed those ornaments, apple-fallow, swift, alike. Beowulf drew forth his favor in steeds and riches. So must good kinsmen do, not at all weaving together a malicious net for the other with hidden skill, reining in death for his hand-comrade. Hygelac’s nephew was most loyal, hardened by...
Hyrde ic þæt þam frætwum feower mearas lungre, gelice, last weardode, æppelfealuwe; he him est geteah meara ond maðma. Swa sceal mæg don, nealles inwitnet oðrum bregdon dyrnum cræfte, deað renian hondgesteallan. Hygelace wæs, niða heardum, nefa swyðe hold, ond gehwæðer oðrum hroþra gemyndig.
62
44
18
2172
2176
beowulf.txt
(2172-2176)
(2172-76)
I heard also that he gave that necklace to Hygd, that well-wrought wonder-treasure, which Wealhtheow had given to him, the daughter of princes, along with three horses, supple and saddle-bright. After that her breast was worthied after that rich gift.
Hyrde ic þæt he ðone healsbeah Hygde gesealde, wrætlicne wundurmaððum, ðone þe him Wealhðeo geaf, ðeodnes dohtor, þrio wicg somod swancor ond sadolbeorht; hyre syððan wæs æfter beahðege breost geweorðod.
40
30
10
2155
2162
beowulf.txt
(2155-2162)
(2155-62)
“Hrothgar gave me this battle-tackle, that wise prince, bidding me with chosen words to tell you first of his good will, telling that King Heorogar, chief of the Scyldings, kept them a long time, and not any sooner would he give to his own son, the bold Heoroweard, though he was loyal, this breast-covering. Enjoy them ...
"Me ðis hildesceorp Hroðgar sealde, snotra fengel, sume worde het þæt ic his ærest ðe est gesægde; cwæð þæt hyt hæfde Hiorogar cyning, leod Scyldunga lange hwile; no ðy ær suna sinum syllan wolde, hwatum Heorowearde, þeah he him hold wære, breostgewædu. Bruc ealles well!"
58
45
13
2190
2199
beowulf.txt
(2190-2199)
(2190-99)
Then the shelter of earls, the battle-ready king ordered the heirloom of Hrethel to be brought inside, geared with gold. There was never among the Geats a better or richer treasure in the form of a sword. This he laid on the lap of Beowulf and gave him seven thousand hides of land, a home and a throne. For both of them...
Het ða eorla hleo in gefetian, heaðorof cyning, Hreðles lafe golde gegyrede; næs mid Geatum ða sincmaðþum selra on sweordes had; þæt he on Biowulfes bearm alegde ond him gesealde seofan þusendo, bold ond bregostol. Him wæs bam samod on ðam leodscipe lond gecynde, eard, eðelriht, oðrum swiðor side rice þam ðær selra wæs...
90
54
36
2200
2206
beowulf.txt
(2200-2206)
(2200-06)
It soon came to pass, in the days to come. in the battle-clashing, after Hygelac lay dead, and the spiteful swords became for Heardred his killer under the shelter of shields, when the Battle-Scylfings sought him, the hardened warriors assailed him with hatred, the nephew of Hereric, in his triumphant nation.
Eft þæt geiode ufaran dogrum hildehlæmmum, syððan Hygelac læg ond Heardrede hildemeceas under bordhreoðan to bonan wurdon, ða hyne gesohtan on sigeþeode hearde hildefrecan, Heaðoscilfingas, niða genægdan nefan Hererices,
51
29
22
2177
2189
beowulf.txt
(2177-2189)
(2177-89)
So the son of Ecgtheow displayed his bravery, a man known by men, for his good deeds, acting according to his reputation— never striking down his hearth-comrades in drunkenness—his heart was not harsh, but he held, battle-brave, onto the spacious gift which God had given him, the greatest power of mankind. For a long t...
Swa bealdode bearn Ecgðeowes, guma guðum cuð, godum dædum, dreah æfter dome, nealles druncne slog heorðgeneatas; næs him hreoh sefa, ac he mancynnes mæste cræfte ginfæstan gife, þe him god sealde, heold hildedeor. Hean wæs lange, swa hyne Geata bearn godne ne tealdon, ne hyne on medobence micles wyrðne drihten Wedera g...
106
67
39
2221
2231a
beowulf.txt
(2221-2231a)
(2221-28a)
It wasn’t on purpose that he broke in the wyrm-hoard, of his own desires, he who injured the dragon sorely, but in close constraint, some thrall of somebody, the children of warriors, fleeing from hateful blows, needing a home, and he passed into that place, a man afflicted by sin. At once he peered inside— terror and ...
Nealles mid gewealdum wyrmhord abræc sylfes willum, se ðe him sare gesceod, ac for þreanedlan þeow nathwylces hæleða bearna heteswengeas fleah, ærnes þearfa, ond ðær inne fealh, secg synbysig, sona onfunde þæt þær ðam gyste gryrebroga stod; hwæðre earmsceapen ...sceapen þa hyne se fær begeat. Sincfæt ......;
68
47
21
2231b
2241a
beowulf.txt
(2231b-2241a)
(2231b-41a)
… When the fear pounced upon him, seeking the jeweled cup. There were many more its like in that buried house, ancient treasures just as I-know-not-which men in days gone by had hidden there, a tremendous legacy of a noble kindred taking meditation upon their precious treasures. Death had seized them all in earlier tim...
þær wæs swylcra fela in ðam eorðhuse ærgestreona, swa hy on geardagum gumena nathwylc, eormenlafe æþelan cynnes, þanchycgende þær gehydde, deore maðmas. Ealle hie deað fornam ærran mælum, ond se an ða gen leoda duguðe, se ðær lengest hwearf, weard winegeomor, wende þæs ylcan, þæt he lytel fæc longgestreona brucan moste...
92
51
41
2241b
2246
beowulf.txt
(2241b-2246)
(2241b-46)
The barrow was entirely prepared, waiting on land, near to the crashing waves, newly built upon the ness, secure in constrained craft. There the warden of rings bore within a hoard-worthy portion of the noble treasures, the vesseled gold and speaking just a few words:
Beorh eallgearo wunode on wonge wæteryðum neah, niwe be næsse, nearocræftum fæst. þær on innan bær eorlgestreona hringa hyrde hordwyrðne dæl, fættan goldes, fea worda cwæð:
45
26
19
2247
2266
beowulf.txt
(2247-2266)
(2247-66)
“Keep now, earth, what heroes may not, the possessions of earls. So it was obtained from you earlier by good men. War-death has seized them, a fearful killing-blow, every man of my people, who have given up their lives and looked upon the hall-joys. I do not have anyone to bear the sword or carry forth the gold-plated ...
"Heald þu nu, hruse, nu hæleð ne moston, eorla æhte! Hwæt, hyt ær on ðe gode begeaton. Guðdeað fornam, feorhbealo frecne, fyra gehwylcne leoda minra, þara ðe þis lif ofgeaf, gesawon seledream. Ic nah hwa sweord wege oððe feormie fæted wæge, dryncfæt deore; duguð ellor sceoc. Sceal se hearda helm hyrsted golde fætum bef...
160
111
49
2267
2277
beowulf.txt
(2267-2277)
(2267-77)
So miserable-minded he mourned his grief, one after all. Unblithe he turned away by day and by night, until the welling of death touched him by the heart. Then the old twilight-harmer found the hoarded joys standing open, who burning seeks barrows, the malicious dragon, scaly, flapping through the night, swaddled in fl...
Swa giomormod giohðo mænde an æfter eallum, unbliðe hwearf dæges ond nihtes, oððæt deaðes wylm hran æt heortan. Hordwynne fond eald uhtsceaða opene standan, se ðe byrnende biorgas seceð, nacod niðdraca, nihtes fleogeð fyre befangen; hyne foldbuend swiðe ondrædað. He gesecean sceall hord on hrusan, þær he hæðen gold war...
83
58
25
2207
2220
beowulf.txt
(2207-2220)
(2207-20)
Afterwards the broad realm turned to the hand of Beowulf. He kept it well for fifty winters— he was a wise king, an elder home-warden— until a single dragon began to hold sway over the darkened nights, who kept watch over his hoard in his high house, an unyielding stone-shelter, a path lay under it, unbeknownst to men....
syððan Beowulfe brade rice on hand gehwearf; he geheold tela fiftig wintra (wæs ða frod cyning, eald eþelweard), oððæt an ongan deorcum nihtum draca ricsian, se ðe on heaum hofe hord beweotode, stanbeorh steapne; stig under læg, eldum uncuð. þær on innan giong niða nathwylc, se ðe neh gefeng hæðnum horde, hond ......, ...
121
77
44
864
866
christ_a_b_c.txt
(864-866)
(864-66)
Let us plant our hopes in that harborage, that the Sovereign of the Skies opened up for us, holy from the heights, when he ascended to heaven.
Utan us to þære hyðe hyht staþelian, ða us gerymde rodera waldend, halge on heahþu, þa he heofonum astag.
27
19
8
867
877
christ_a_b_c.txt
(867-877)
(867-77)
And then the mighty day of the Mighty Lord shall overmaster the earth-dwellers with fear in the middle of the night, and with his power the radiant creation—just as a corrupt harmer, a bold-coming thief, who often comes in darkness, in the black night, suddenly seizes those bound in sleep, sorrowless men, unready earls...
ðonne mid fere foldbuende se micla dæg meahtan dryhtnes æt midre niht mægne bihlæmeð, scire gesceafte, swa oft sceaða fæcne, þeof þristlice, þe on þystre fareð, on sweartre niht, sorglease hæleð semninga forfehð slæpe gebundne, eorlas ungearwe yfles genægeð. Swa on Syne beorg somod up cymeð mægenfolc micel, meotude get...
85
57
28
850
863
christ_a_b_c.txt
(850-863)
(850-63)
At this moment it is most like this: that we are sailing across the cold waters in ships, beyond the broad sea in steeds of the deep, ferried in flood-wood. The course of water is perilous, waves beyond measure on which we bounce here throughout this fragile existence, the windy waters over the deep ways. Our way of li...
Nu is þon gelicost swa we on laguflode ofer cald wæter ceolum liðan geond sidne sæ, sundhengestum, flodwudu fergen. Is þæt frecne stream yða ofermæta þe we her on lacað geond þas wacan woruld, windge holmas ofer deop gelad. Wæs se drohtað strong ærþon we to londe geliden hæfdon ofer hreone hrycg. þa us help bicwom, þæt...
119
84
35
832
849
christ_a_b_c.txt
(832-849)
(832-49)
Then the powerful King shall come to the moot, in his greatest majesty. The loud human-terrors will be heard along with a heavenly clatter a wailing of mourners—carefully they will lament before the face of the Eternal Deemer, those who trusted weakly in their works. There will be revealed a greater terror than ever wa...
þonne mægna cyning on gemot cymeð, þrymma mæste. þeodegsa bið hlud gehyred bi heofonwoman, cwaniendra cirm, cerge reotað fore onsyne eces deman, þa þe hyra weorcum wace truwiað. ðær biþ oðywed egsa mara þonne from frumgesceape gefrægen wurde æfre on eorðan. þær bið æghwylcum synwyrcendra on þa snudan tid leofra micle þ...
144
97
47
815
831
christ_a_b_c.txt
(815-831)
(815-31)
Therefore I wish to instruct every one of my beloved friends so that he should not neglect his soul’s needs, nor affirm in his boasting that, so long as God wishes, he is allowed to dwell here in the world, faring forth, soul united with body in its guest-house. Every man must eagerly take care in the days of his life ...
Forþon ic leofra gehwone læran wille þæt he ne agæle gæstes þearfe, ne on gylp geote, þenden god wille þæt he her in worulde wunian mote, somed siþian sawel in lice, in þam gæsthofe. Scyle gumena gehwylc on his geardagum georne biþencan þæt us milde bicwom meahta waldend æt ærestan þurh þæs engles word. Bið nu eorneste...
139
98
41
797
814
christ_a_b_c.txt
(797-814)
(797-814)
When the keen ones (C) quake, hearing the King, the Righter of the Heavens, affirm and swear a harsh word upon those who listened only weakly to him in the world, so long as they could have discovered their comfort most easily through the blowing horn (Y) and its urges (N). There must be many affrighted waiting there, ...
þonne ᚳ cwacað, gehyreð cyning mæðlan, rodera ryhtend, sprecan reþe word þam þe him ær in worulde wace hyrdon, þendan ᚣ ond ᚾ yþast meahtan frofre findan. þær sceal forht monig on þam wongstede werig bidan hwæt him æfter dædum deman wille wraþra wita. Biþ se ᚹ scæcen eorþan frætwa. ᚢ wæs longe ᛚ flodum bilocen, lifwynn...
168
100
68
779
796
christ_a_b_c.txt
(779-796)
(779-96)
None of the kindred of man on earth needs dread these diabolical arrows, spear-paths of the fearsome, if God shields him, the Lord of Multitudes. It is near to that judgment that we must acquire our appropriate recompense just as we have burdened ourselves with our deeds through the course of our lives, throughout the ...
Ne þearf him ondrædan deofla strælas ænig on eorðan ælda cynnes, gromra garfare, gif hine god scildeþ, duguða dryhten. Is þam dome neah þæt we gelice sceolon leanum hleotan, swa we widefeorh weorcum hlodun geond sidne grund. Us secgað bec hu æt ærestan eadmod astag in middangeard mægna goldhord, in fæmnan fæðm freobear...
156
105
51
771b
778
christ_a_b_c.txt
(771b-778)
(771b-78)
Let us shelter ourselves then, so long as we keep a home on this earth—let us entreat the Father for peace, beg the Child of God and the Blissful Spirit to shield us against the weapons of the harmers, the hateful deceiving devices. He who gave us life, limbs, body, and soul. Eternal praise be to him all glory in heave...
Utan us beorgan þa, þenden we on eorðan eard weardien; utan us to fæder freoþa wilnian, biddan bearn godes ond þone bliðan gæst þæt he us gescilde wið sceaþan wæpnum, laþra lygesearwum, se us lif forgeaf, leomu, lic ond gæst. Si him lof symle þurh woruld worulda, wuldor on heofnum.
64
50
14
756
771a
christ_a_b_c.txt
(756-771a)
(756-71a)
Therefore we must always renounce empty lusts, the wounds of sin, and celebrate the better part. We should keep the Father as our comfort, almighty in the heavens. He dispatches his heralds holy from the heights from there to here, and they shield us against the showers of hideous arrows, sent by scathers, lest the dev...
Forþon we a sculon idle lustas, synwunde forseon, ond þæs sellran gefeon. Habbað we us to frofre fæder on roderum ælmeahtigne. He his aras þonan, halig of heahðu, hider onsendeð, þa us gescildaþ wið sceþþendra eglum earhfarum, þi læs unholdan wunde gewyrcen, þonne wrohtbora in folc godes forð onsendeð of his brægdbogan...
119
84
35
744
755
christ_a_b_c.txt
(744-755)
(744-755)
Thus here on the ground the Eternal Child of God jumps leaping across the lofty hillsides, mindful over the mountains. So we humans must leap our hearts in jumps through our thoughts— from power to power, aspiring to glories— so that we may climb up to the highest roof with our holy works, where there is hope and bliss...
þus her on grundum godes ece bearn ofer heahhleoþu hlypum stylde, modig æfter muntum. Swa we men sculon heortan gehygdum hlypum styllan of mægne in mægen, mærþum tilgan þæt we to þam hyhstan hrofe gestigan halgum weorcum, þær is hyht ond blis, geþungen þegnweorud. Is us þearf micel þæt we mid heortan hælo secen, þær we...
102
71
31
686
698
christ_a_b_c.txt
(686-698)
(686-698)
Thus Almighty God, the King of All Creatures craftily honors the stock of the earth with bountiful gifts— likewise he gives the fruits to the blessed in heaven, rearing eternal peace for angels and men forever. So he worthies his workmanship. So the prophet spoke about this, saying that the holy gems were heaved up on ...
ðus god meahtig geofum unhneawum, cyning alwihta, cræftum weorðaþ eorþan tuddor; swylce eadgum blæd seleð on swegle, sibbe ræreþ ece to ealdre engla ond monna; swa he his weorc weorþað. Bi þon se witga cwæð þæt ahæfen wæren halge gimmas, hædre heofontungol, healice upp, sunne ond mona. Hwæt sindan þa gimmas swa scyne b...
102
71
31
720
732
christ_a_b_c.txt
(720-732)
(720-732)
The first leap was when he went inside that woman, the virgin undefiled, and there took on mannish shape without marring so that he could become a comfort to all earth-dwellers. The second leap was his birth as a child, when he was placed in a manger, in the form of a baby wound up in cloth, majesty of all majesties. T...
Wæs se forma hlyp þa he on fæmnan astag, mægeð unmæle, ond þær mennisc hiw onfeng butan firenum þæt to frofre gewearð eallum eorðwarum. Wæs se oþer stiell bearnes gebyrda, þa he in binne wæs in cildes hiw claþum bewunden, ealra þrymma þrym. Wæs se þridda hlyp, rodorcyninges ræs, þa he on rode astag, fæder, frofre gæst....
120
84
36
709b
719
christ_a_b_c.txt
(709b-719)
(709b-719)
Still the glory of thanes of God was realized through the soul’s grace, after the mounting up of the Eternal Lord. Solomon sang about this, the son of David, readily wise in verses, the sovereign of human nations, and spoke these words of spiritual mystery: “It is known that it shall come to pass—that the King of Angel...
Hwæþre forð bicwom þurh gæstes giefe godes þegna blæd æfter upstige ecan dryhtnes. Bi þon Salomon song, sunu Dauiþes, giedda gearosnottor gæstgerynum, waldend werþeoda, ond þæt word acwæð: "Cuð þæt geweorðeð, þætte cyning engla, meotud meahtum swið, munt gestylleð, gehleapeð hea dune, hyllas ond cnollas bewrið mid his ...
91
57
34
699
709a
christ_a_b_c.txt
(699-709a)
(699-709a)
a ghostly light, so the church of God brightly shines through truth and righteousness united. So it says in the book, after the God-Child ascended from the earth, the King of All Cleanness, then the church of the law-dutiful here endured persecution within the power of heathen princes. Those sin-scathers heeded not the...
gæstlic tungol, swa seo godes circe þurh gesomninga soðes ond ryhtes beorhte bliceð. Swa hit on bocum cwiþ, siþþan of grundum godbearn astag, cyning clænra gehwæs, þa seo circe her æfyllendra eahtnysse bad under hæþenra hyrda gewealdum. þær ða synsceaðan soþes ne giemdon, gæstes þearfe, ac hi godes tempel bræcan ond bæ...
73
57
16
59
70
christ_a_b_c.txt
(59-70)
(59-70)
See now for yourself: looking around every corner throughout this wide creation and the roomy roof of the heavens— () how the King of the Skies seeks a journey in you and arrives himself— how he takes his abode in you, as the wisely fixed prophets told it before long ago. They revealed the birth of Christ, speaking ...
Sioh nu sylfa þe geond þas sidan gesceaft, swylce rodores hrof rume geondwlitan ymb healfa gehwone, hu þec heofones cyning siðe geseceð, ond sylf cymeð, nimeð eard in þe, swa hit ær gefyrn witgan wisfæste wordum sægdon, cyðdon Cristes gebyrd, cwædon þe to frofre, burga betlicast. Nu is þæt bearn cymen, awæcned to wyrpe...
107
71
36
1
17
christ_a_b_c.txt
(1-17)
(1-17)
… to the king. You are the wall-stone that the stonewrights once rejected from their labors. It suits you that you should be the capital of the glorious hall, and you gather up the capacious walls, with fixed joint and stone unbroken, so that throughout all earthly cities, by the sight of the eyes, all men can marvel...
cyninge. ðu eart se weallstan þe ða wyrhtan iu wiðwurpon to weorce. Wel þe geriseð þæt þu heafod sie healle mærre, ond gesomnige side weallas fæste gefoge, flint unbræcne, þæt geond eorðb... ...g eall eagna gesihþe wundrien to worlde wuldres ealdor. Gesweotula nu þurh searocræft þin sylfes weorc, soðfæst, sigorbeorht, ...
149
99
50
18
29
christ_a_b_c.txt
(18-29)
(18-29)
O, you are the Reckoner and the Rightful King, who keeps the stronghold, revealing life and the lofty ways to the blessed, withholding the lovely lanes of desire to those others, if their deeds are not sufficient. Indeed we speak these words needfully and praise the one who shaped mankind— the condition of the carefu...
Eala þu reccend ond þu riht cyning, se þe locan healdeð, lif ontyneð, eadga... upwegas, oþrum forwyrneð wlitigan wilsiþes, gif his weorc ne deag. Huru we for þearfe þas word sprecað, ond m... ...giað þone þe mon gescop þæt he ne ...ete... ...ceose weorðan cearfulra þing, þe we in carcerne sittað sorgende, sunnan wenað,...
90
70
20
30
41
christ_a_b_c.txt
(30-41)
(30-41)
Make us worthy— who admits us into magnificence, when we must depart miserably into this narrow place, beshorn of our homeland. Therefore one can say, who speaks truthfully to you, that he delivered the tribe of men, who were once perverted. It was through a young woman, a maiden without wickedness, who he chose to b...
gedo usic þæs wyrðe, þe he to wuldre forlet, þa we heanlice hweorfan sceoldan to þis enge lond, eðle bescyrede. Forþon secgan mæg, se ðe soð spriceð, þæt he ahredde, þa forhwyrfed wæs, frumcyn fira. Wæs seo fæmne geong, mægð manes leas, þe he him to meder geceas; þæt wæs geworden butan weres frigum, þæt þurh bearnes ge...
101
77
24
42
49
christ_a_b_c.txt
(42-49)
(42-49)
All spiritual gifts will pervade the regions of the earth— where many wise men were enlightened, their enduring teachings through the Origin of Life, which before lay hidden beneath the grave, and the wordy songs of the prophets, when the Wielder came, he who amplifies the mystery of every statement of those who, thro...
Eal giofu gæstlic grundsceat geondspreot; þær wisna fela wearð inlihted lare longsume þurh lifes fruman þe ær under hoðman biholen lægon, witgena woðsong, þa se waldend cwom, se þe reorda gehwæs ryne gemiclað ðara þe geneahhe noman scyppendes þurh horscne had hergan willað.
63
43
20
878
889a
christ_a_b_c.txt
(878-889a)
(878-89a)
Then from the four corners of the earth, from the utmost of the earthly realm, angels all-bright shall blow trumpets together with one voice. Middle-earth shall tremble, the ground below men. They shall resonate together, strong and brilliant, with the course of the stars, singing and reverberating in the south and the...
þonne from feowerum foldan sceatum, þam ytemestum eorþan rices, englas ælbeorhte on efen blawað byman on brehtme. Beofað middangeard, hruse under hæleþum. Hlydað tosomne, trume ond torhte, wið tungla gong, singað ond swinsiaþ suþan ond norþan, eastan ond westan, ofer ealle gesceaft. Weccað of deaðe dryhtgumena bearn, e...
101
66
35
50
58
christ_a_b_c.txt
(50-58)
(50-58)
Hail sight of peace, holy Jerusalem best of national thrones, land of cities of Christ, the center of the angels’ homeland— and in you alone the souls of the soothfast may find their rest, exultant in your glories. Never shall a slightest symbol of sin be revealed in that dwelling-place, but each and every fault shall...
Eala sibbe gesihð, sancta Hierusalem, cynestola cyst, Cristes burglond, engla eþelstol, ond þa ane in þe saule soðfæstra simle gerestað, wuldrum hremge. Næfre wommes tacn in þam eardgearde eawed weorþeð, ac þe firina gehwylc feor abugeð, wærgðo ond gewinnes. Bist to wuldre full halgan hyhtes, swa þu gehaten eart.
77
49
28
733
743
christ_a_b_c.txt
(733-743)
(733-743)
the enemies’ intercessor, in flaming fetters, malignant, where he lies to this day fastened with chains incarcerated and sealed in his sins. And the sixth leap was the Holy One’s playing of hope, when he ascended into the heavens into his ancient people. Then was the thronging of angels become blithe with jubilant cele...
feonda foresprecan, fyrnum teagum, gromhydigne, þær he gen ligeð in carcerne clommum gefæstnad, synnum gesæled. Wæs se siexta hlyp, haliges hyhtplega, þa he to heofonum astag on his ealdcyððe. þa wæs engla þreat on þa halgan tid hleahtre bliþe wynnum geworden. Gesawan wuldres þrym, æþelinga ord, eðles neosan, beorhtra ...
91
58
33
889b
898
christ_a_b_c.txt
(889b-898)
(889b-98)
There one can hear the sorrowing people, miserable at mind, hurrying harshly, carefully crying out over the deeds of their lives, affrighted by fear. That shall be the greatest foretokening which was ever, before or since, shown to men— there shall be commingled an entire commotion of angels and devils, both the brilli...
þær mon mæg sorgende folc gehyran hygegeomor, hearde gefysed, cearum cwiþende cwicra gewyrhtu, forhte afærde. þæt bið foretacna mæst þara þe ær oþþe sið æfre gewurde monnum oþywed, þær gemengde beoð onhælo gelac engla ond deofla, beorhtra ond blacra. Weorþeð bega cyme, hwitra ond sweartra, swa him is ham sceapen ungeli...
81
54
27
1081
1099a
christ_a_b_c.txt
(1081-1099a)
(1081-99a)
There these sin-flecked men will see themselves, with sorrowful spirits, the greatest of pains. It will be no favor to them who stand in the presence before those strangers, of the Cross of our Lord, the brightest of beacons, steaming with blood, the pure gore of the Heavenly King, looking out with the life-sweat that ...
þær him sylfe geseoð sorga mæste, synfa men, sarigferðe. Ne bið him to are þæt þær fore ellþeodum usses dryhtnes rod ondweard stondeð, beacna beorhtast, blode bistemed, heofoncyninges hlutran dreore, biseon mid swate þæt ofer side gesceaft scire scineð. Sceadu beoð bidyrned þær se leohta beam leodum byrhteð. þæt þeah t...
143
101
42