Datasets:

electricsheepafrica
/

africa-synth-antibiotic-quality-amr-all

record_id string	scenario string	year int64	setting string	age int64	sex string	antibiotic string	indication string	no_prescription int64	self_medication int64	incomplete_course int64	manufacturer string	is_substandard_falsified int64	is_falsified int64	is_substandard int64	api_pct_label float64	api_failure int64	dissolution_failure int64	wrong_ingredient int64	amr_detected int64	esbl_producer int64	mrsa int64	mdr int64	treatment_failure int64	hospitalisation int64	adr int64	quality_tested int64	any_adverse int64
COM-00000	community_otc_access	2,022	drug_shop	38	female	amoxicillin	other	0	0	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	100.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00001	community_otc_access	2,014	drug_shop	7	female	metronidazole	STI	1	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	98.5	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00002	community_otc_access	2,017	community_pharmacy	22	male	amoxicillin	diarrhoea	1	0	0	branded_originator	0	0	0	97.5	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00003	community_otc_access	2,021	informal_vendor	16	female	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	1	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	99.8	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00004	community_otc_access	2,014	community_pharmacy	33	male	metronidazole	diarrhoea	0	0	0	branded_originator	1	1	0	4.3	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00005	community_otc_access	2,016	community_pharmacy	1	female	tetracycline	diarrhoea	1	0	0	indian_generic	1	1	0	4.9	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00006	community_otc_access	2,019	informal_vendor	6	male	amoxicillin	skin_wound	1	1	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	95.4	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00007	community_otc_access	2,011	drug_shop	77	female	ciprofloxacin	skin_wound	1	1	0	local_generic	0	0	0	97.6	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00008	community_otc_access	2,021	informal_vendor	42	female	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	1	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	98.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00009	community_otc_access	2,013	community_pharmacy	2	female	ampicillin	STI	0	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	95.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00010	community_otc_access	2,024	community_pharmacy	54	female	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	0	1	who_prequalified	0	0	0	97	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00011	community_otc_access	2,018	informal_vendor	3	male	doxycycline	STI	0	0	1	unknown	0	0	0	95.7	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00012	community_otc_access	2,019	informal_vendor	5	male	cotrimoxazole	other	1	0	0	who_prequalified	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00013	community_otc_access	2,023	drug_shop	63	male	doxycycline	surgical_prophylaxis	1	1	0	branded_originator	0	0	0	96	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00014	community_otc_access	2,012	community_pharmacy	20	male	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	1	1	chinese_generic	0	0	0	94.1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00015	community_otc_access	2,010	drug_shop	29	male	ampicillin	respiratory_infection	0	0	1	unknown	0	0	0	95.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00016	community_otc_access	2,012	drug_shop	27	female	ciprofloxacin	UTI	1	1	1	indian_generic	1	0	1	73	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00017	community_otc_access	2,023	informal_vendor	39	female	metronidazole	UTI	0	0	1	branded_originator	1	0	1	71.3	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00018	community_otc_access	2,022	informal_vendor	6	male	ciprofloxacin	respiratory_infection	1	1	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	97.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00019	community_otc_access	2,024	community_pharmacy	0	male	metronidazole	skin_wound	0	0	0	branded_originator	0	0	0	98.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00020	community_otc_access	2,012	market_stall	5	male	doxycycline	diarrhoea	0	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	100.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00021	community_otc_access	2,020	community_pharmacy	53	female	amoxicillin	skin_wound	0	0	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	99.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00022	community_otc_access	2,015	informal_vendor	37	female	metronidazole	diarrhoea	1	0	1	local_generic	0	0	0	100.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00023	community_otc_access	2,010	community_pharmacy	0	female	amoxicillin	surgical_prophylaxis	1	0	0	who_prequalified	0	0	0	96.7	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00024	community_otc_access	2,021	community_pharmacy	18	female	azithromycin	diarrhoea	1	1	1	who_prequalified	1	1	0	2	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00025	community_otc_access	2,020	market_stall	31	female	cotrimoxazole	skin_wound	1	1	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	96.9	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00026	community_otc_access	2,017	drug_shop	44	female	ciprofloxacin	STI	1	1	1	chinese_generic	0	0	0	97	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00027	community_otc_access	2,018	informal_vendor	32	female	ciprofloxacin	respiratory_infection	1	0	1	indian_generic	1	0	1	32.5	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00028	community_otc_access	2,012	drug_shop	15	female	doxycycline	UTI	1	0	1	local_generic	1	0	1	70	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00029	community_otc_access	2,012	drug_shop	17	male	doxycycline	skin_wound	1	1	1	local_generic	1	1	0	1.9	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00030	community_otc_access	2,016	drug_shop	36	female	ciprofloxacin	STI	0	0	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	92	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00031	community_otc_access	2,016	market_stall	25	male	cotrimoxazole	respiratory_infection	1	0	1	chinese_generic	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00032	community_otc_access	2,012	informal_vendor	3	female	metronidazole	other	0	0	1	who_prequalified	0	0	0	90.4	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00033	community_otc_access	2,017	informal_vendor	47	female	doxycycline	other	0	0	1	local_generic	1	0	1	38.6	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0
COM-00034	community_otc_access	2,018	informal_vendor	33	male	ampicillin	diarrhoea	1	0	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	95.8	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00035	community_otc_access	2,022	market_stall	28	male	amoxicillin	diarrhoea	0	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	104.4	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00036	community_otc_access	2,015	drug_shop	0	female	ciprofloxacin	UTI	0	0	1	unknown	0	0	0	86.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00037	community_otc_access	2,014	drug_shop	31	female	cotrimoxazole	diarrhoea	0	0	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	94.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00038	community_otc_access	2,013	drug_shop	51	female	azithromycin	skin_wound	1	1	0	local_generic	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00039	community_otc_access	2,017	community_pharmacy	37	female	amoxicillin	skin_wound	1	1	1	branded_originator	1	0	1	25.8	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00040	community_otc_access	2,010	community_pharmacy	30	male	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	1	1	chinese_generic	0	0	0	97.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00041	community_otc_access	2,022	market_stall	25	female	ciprofloxacin	diarrhoea	0	0	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	98.8	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
COM-00042	community_otc_access	2,013	informal_vendor	55	female	cotrimoxazole	surgical_prophylaxis	1	1	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	91.8	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00043	community_otc_access	2,018	informal_vendor	22	male	ciprofloxacin	UTI	1	0	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	97.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00044	community_otc_access	2,020	informal_vendor	44	female	azithromycin	skin_wound	1	1	0	indian_generic	1	0	1	54	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1
COM-00045	community_otc_access	2,017	informal_vendor	25	male	ciprofloxacin	STI	0	0	0	local_generic	0	0	0	94	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00046	community_otc_access	2,010	market_stall	25	female	ampicillin	UTI	1	1	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	95	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00047	community_otc_access	2,015	market_stall	7	male	doxycycline	surgical_prophylaxis	1	1	1	chinese_generic	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00048	community_otc_access	2,024	market_stall	5	male	cotrimoxazole	diarrhoea	1	0	0	indian_generic	1	1	0	25.7	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00049	community_otc_access	2,023	community_pharmacy	26	female	amoxicillin	skin_wound	1	1	0	branded_originator	0	0	0	99.1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00050	community_otc_access	2,018	drug_shop	21	female	cotrimoxazole	respiratory_infection	1	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	92.4	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00051	community_otc_access	2,017	drug_shop	18	male	azithromycin	surgical_prophylaxis	0	0	0	unknown	0	0	0	94.2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00052	community_otc_access	2,024	drug_shop	23	male	azithromycin	UTI	1	1	1	chinese_generic	0	0	0	99.5	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00053	community_otc_access	2,024	drug_shop	29	female	ampicillin	respiratory_infection	1	0	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	100.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00054	community_otc_access	2,016	drug_shop	38	female	tetracycline	skin_wound	1	1	1	local_generic	1	0	1	54.4	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	1
COM-00055	community_otc_access	2,014	community_pharmacy	36	female	tetracycline	respiratory_infection	1	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	101.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00056	community_otc_access	2,010	drug_shop	24	female	cotrimoxazole	other	0	0	1	chinese_generic	0	0	0	94	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00057	community_otc_access	2,022	informal_vendor	69	male	amoxicillin	diarrhoea	1	1	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	101.5	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00058	community_otc_access	2,022	community_pharmacy	20	female	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	1	0	local_generic	1	0	1	60.9	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00059	community_otc_access	2,020	market_stall	47	male	doxycycline	other	1	1	1	who_prequalified	0	0	0	99.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00060	community_otc_access	2,015	informal_vendor	20	female	ampicillin	respiratory_infection	0	0	1	chinese_generic	1	1	0	10	1	0	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00061	community_otc_access	2,022	community_pharmacy	22	female	cotrimoxazole	STI	1	0	0	indian_generic	1	0	1	70.4	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00062	community_otc_access	2,023	market_stall	0	male	amoxicillin	diarrhoea	1	0	0	branded_originator	0	0	0	95.4	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00063	community_otc_access	2,022	drug_shop	27	male	ciprofloxacin	UTI	1	1	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	98.5	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00064	community_otc_access	2,013	drug_shop	2	female	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	1	1	branded_originator	0	0	0	94.2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00065	community_otc_access	2,024	community_pharmacy	0	male	metronidazole	respiratory_infection	0	0	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	93.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00066	community_otc_access	2,019	informal_vendor	15	female	ciprofloxacin	skin_wound	0	0	1	chinese_generic	1	0	1	69.3	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00067	community_otc_access	2,016	drug_shop	42	female	ciprofloxacin	diarrhoea	1	1	1	local_generic	1	0	1	61.5	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00068	community_otc_access	2,024	drug_shop	31	female	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	1	1	branded_originator	0	0	0	100.2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00069	community_otc_access	2,014	community_pharmacy	17	female	ciprofloxacin	other	0	0	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	88.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00070	community_otc_access	2,024	informal_vendor	47	male	cotrimoxazole	respiratory_infection	0	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	96.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00071	community_otc_access	2,012	informal_vendor	24	female	amoxicillin	skin_wound	1	1	1	indian_generic	1	0	1	64.1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00072	community_otc_access	2,018	market_stall	66	male	metronidazole	UTI	0	0	1	branded_originator	1	1	0	38.7	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00073	community_otc_access	2,015	market_stall	48	female	metronidazole	surgical_prophylaxis	0	0	0	local_generic	0	0	0	99.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00074	community_otc_access	2,021	drug_shop	19	male	cotrimoxazole	UTI	1	1	0	unknown	0	0	0	94.8	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00075	community_otc_access	2,024	community_pharmacy	19	male	amoxicillin	respiratory_infection	1	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	105.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00076	community_otc_access	2,011	community_pharmacy	42	female	cotrimoxazole	STI	1	1	1	who_prequalified	0	0	0	100.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00077	community_otc_access	2,013	community_pharmacy	0	female	ciprofloxacin	skin_wound	0	0	0	indian_generic	1	0	1	81.6	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00078	community_otc_access	2,011	informal_vendor	23	female	cotrimoxazole	diarrhoea	0	0	0	who_prequalified	0	0	0	94.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00079	community_otc_access	2,018	informal_vendor	0	male	doxycycline	respiratory_infection	1	1	0	indian_generic	1	0	1	54.1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00080	community_otc_access	2,014	drug_shop	24	female	metronidazole	respiratory_infection	1	0	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	94.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00081	community_otc_access	2,016	community_pharmacy	24	male	cotrimoxazole	respiratory_infection	1	1	1	who_prequalified	0	0	0	102.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00082	community_otc_access	2,019	market_stall	21	female	ciprofloxacin	respiratory_infection	1	1	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	92.3	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00083	community_otc_access	2,023	drug_shop	29	male	metronidazole	other	1	1	1	indian_generic	1	0	1	54.5	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00084	community_otc_access	2,022	community_pharmacy	13	female	cotrimoxazole	skin_wound	1	1	0	indian_generic	0	0	0	92	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00085	community_otc_access	2,022	community_pharmacy	22	female	cotrimoxazole	respiratory_infection	1	1	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	98.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00086	community_otc_access	2,014	informal_vendor	24	male	ciprofloxacin	respiratory_infection	1	1	1	unknown	0	0	0	98.2	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00087	community_otc_access	2,023	drug_shop	11	male	metronidazole	STI	1	0	0	indian_generic	1	0	1	41.7	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00088	community_otc_access	2,021	informal_vendor	0	male	amoxicillin	skin_wound	1	1	1	unknown	1	0	1	54.2	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00089	community_otc_access	2,017	market_stall	12	male	ampicillin	UTI	0	0	1	branded_originator	0	0	0	96.1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
COM-00090	community_otc_access	2,019	drug_shop	13	male	ampicillin	respiratory_infection	1	0	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	94.9	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00091	community_otc_access	2,024	informal_vendor	27	female	ciprofloxacin	skin_wound	1	1	1	branded_originator	0	0	0	99.6	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00092	community_otc_access	2,013	community_pharmacy	0	male	azithromycin	respiratory_infection	1	0	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	96.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00093	community_otc_access	2,015	drug_shop	21	female	cotrimoxazole	respiratory_infection	1	0	1	branded_originator	1	0	1	52.6	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00094	community_otc_access	2,019	informal_vendor	65	female	amoxicillin	diarrhoea	1	1	1	indian_generic	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00095	community_otc_access	2,018	informal_vendor	51	male	ciprofloxacin	skin_wound	0	0	0	unknown	0	0	0	98.2	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00096	community_otc_access	2,010	drug_shop	22	female	amoxicillin	diarrhoea	1	1	1	indian_generic	0	0	0	97	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00097	community_otc_access	2,014	community_pharmacy	24	male	ciprofloxacin	other	0	0	0	branded_originator	0	0	0	101.9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00098	community_otc_access	2,017	market_stall	9	female	doxycycline	UTI	1	1	0	chinese_generic	0	0	0	102.9	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
COM-00099	community_otc_access	2,014	informal_vendor	4	male	cotrimoxazole	respiratory_infection	1	1	1	chinese_generic	1	0	1	65.9	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1

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⚠️ Synthetic dataset — Parameterized from published SSA literature, not real observations. Not suitable for empirical analysis or policy inference.

Antibiotic Quality & AMR Acceleration in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

Synthetic dataset modelling antibiotic quality, substandard/falsified prevalence, antibiotic use patterns, and AMR outcomes across three market settings in SSA. SF antibiotics are neglected drivers of AMR; sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ampicillin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin have highest failure rates in Africa.

Parameterization Evidence

Parameter	Value	Source	Year
SF antibiotics = neglected drivers of AMR	Association	BMJ Global Health	2022
Cotrimoxazole highest failure; amoxicillin, cipro follow	Prevalence	CIDRAP / BMJ GH	2022
SF antibiotics quantitatively associated with AMR	Mechanism	BMJ Global Health	2025
SF antimicrobials in East Africa; evolving problem	SSA data	PLOS ONE	2024
API issues most frequent quality problem	Quality	CIDRAP	2022

Validation

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("electricsheepafrica/antibiotic-quality-amr", "community_otc_access")

References

BMJ Global Health. SF antibiotics: neglected drivers of AMR. 2022.
BMJ Global Health. SF antibiotics associated with AMR prevalence. 2025.
PLOS ONE. SF antimicrobials in East Africa. 2024.
Frontiers. Activities to reduce SF antibiotics in Africa. 2025.

Citation

@dataset{electricsheepafrica_antibiotic_quality_amr_2025,
  title={Antibiotic Quality and AMR Acceleration in Sub-Saharan Africa},
  author={Electric Sheep Africa},
  year={2025},
  publisher={HuggingFace},
  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/electricsheepafrica/antibiotic-quality-amr}
}

License

CC-BY-4.0

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