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Multilingual-Medical-Corpus

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Standard versus limited colon resection for high risk T1 colon cancer. A matched case-control study.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends a colectomy in presence of high risk T1 colon polyps considering the risk of incomplete lymph node dissection or presence of residual disease. We evaluated the outcomes of segmental versus standard colon resection for high risk T1 colon ca...
Circulating tumor cells count predicts survival in colorectal cancer patients.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Data on the potential of circulating tumor cells (CTC) count in predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with colorectal cancer are timely and worthy of interest. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of CTC count in both localized and metastatic colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: ...
Rapid fecal calprotectin level assessment and the SIBDQ score can accurately detect active mucosal inflammation in IBD patients in clinical remission: a prospective study.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Mucosal healing is an important predictor of disease-related outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, including those in clinical remission. However, colonoscopy is an invasive procedure and many patients decline repeated endoscopic examinations. We aimed to assess whethe...
Mucosal expression of basic fibroblastic growth factor, syndecan 1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in Crohn's disease in deep remission under treatment with anti-TNFalpha antibodies.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Both inflammation and fibrosis may be detected in Crohn's disease (CD). The molecular pattern of Basic Fibroblastic Growth Factor (bFGF) and Syndecan-1 (SD1) expression is altered in stenosing CD, but we do not know what the behaviour of this teamwork factor is in CD in deep remission under treatme...
Analysis of promoter methylation, polymorphism and expression profile of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 in patients with gastric cancer.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4) is a crucial immune-checkpoint receptor regulating T-cell activation. The current study was carried out to evaluate the function of CTLA4 gene in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: The methylation of CTLA4 gene promoter was evaluated by methyla...
Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Colorectal Surgery: Do the Risks Cast a Shadow on the Benefits?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use is recognized as a key component of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols and is systematically recommended in colorectal surgery to optimize perioperative care. However, a red flag about this practice has been raised because clinical studies have recently pointed...
Disseminating hypnosis to health care settings: Applying the RE-AIM framework.
Hypnosis is a brief intervention ready for wider dissemination in medical contexts. Overall, hypnosis remains underused despite evidence supporting its beneficial clinical impact. This review will evaluate the evidence supporting hypnosis for dissemination using guidelines formulated by Glasgow and colleagues (1999). F...
A Longitudinal Examination of the Moderating Effects of Symptoms on the Relationship between Functional Competence and Real World Functional Performance in Schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND: Many individuals with schizophrenia experience remission of prominent positive symptoms but continue to experience impairments in real world functioning. Residual negative and depressive symptoms may have a direct impact on functioning and impair patients' ability to use the cognitive and functional skills ...
A novel, online social cognitive training program for young adults with schizophrenia: A pilot study.
BACKGROUND: Pervasive social cognition deficits are evident early in the course of schizophrenia and are directly linked to functional outcome, making them an important target for intervention. Here, we tested the feasibility of use, and initiated the evaluation of efficacy, of a novel, neuroplasticity-based online tra...
ENDOTHELIN-1 SYTEM ACTIVITY IN ADULTS WITH BORDERLINE HIGH LDL-CHOLESTEROL.
BACKGROUND: Modest elevations in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol have been shown to confer a significant increase in cardiovascular risk. Endothelin (ET)-1 is a vasoconstrictor peptide with proatherogenic properties. The experimental aim of this study was to determine whether ET-1 system activity is el...
Burden Among Male Alzheimer's Caregivers: Effects of Distinct Coping Strategies.
Focusing on the understudied, increasing population of male Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers, the purpose of this study was to identify their likelihood of utilizing 3 coping strategies (task focused, emotion focused, and avoidance focused) and to examine the effects of each coping strategy on caregiving burden. Dat...
Personalizing Behavioral Interventions Through Single-Patient (N-of-1) Trials.
Behavioral interventions are typically studied with the use of a conventional between-subject randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. In this design, the effect of an intervention on one group of patients is compared with the effect of a control condition on another group of patients, such that a between-subject chan...
Nanomedicine in the Management of Microbial Infection - Overview and Perspectives.
For more than 2 billion years, microbes have reigned on our planet, evolving or outlasting many obstacles they have encountered. In the 20th century, this trend took a dramatic turn with the introduction of antibiotics and vaccines. Nevertheless, since then, microbes have progressively eroded the effectiveness of previ...
Intratumoral pseudoaneurysms in hepatocellular carcinoma: do they occur de novo without any prior intervention? A tertiary care center experience of 6 years.
BACKGROUND: Intratumoural pseudoaneurysms (ITPA) within hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) usually arise as postprocedural complications of endovascular therapies or surgical procedures. Their de novo presence in HCC without any prior interventions has not been adequately described in medical literature. PURPOSE: To evalu...
Structure-activity analysis of a CFTR channel potentiator: Distinct molecular parts underlie dual gating effects.
The cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily that functions as an epithelial chloride channel. Gating of the CFTR ion conduction pore involves a conserved irreversible cyclic mechanism driven by ATP binding and hydrolysis at two cyto...
Systematic review research on needle/syringe programs and opiate substitution programs in low- and middle-income countries.
Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at an elevated risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In many high-income countries, needle and syringe exchange programs (NSPs) have been associated with reductions in blood-borne infections. However, we do not have a good understanding of...
Emerging drug problems in Asia.
This session, "Emerging Drug Problems in Asia," focused on emerging drug problems in Asia. Dr. Juana Tomas-Rossello discussed "East and Southeast Asia: Emerging Drug Problems and Response" and Dr. Wei J. Chen discussed "Ketamine Use among Regular Tobacco and Alcohol Users as Revealed by Respondent Driven Sampling in Ta...
The Living Heart Project: A robust and integrative simulator for human heart function.
The heart is not only our most vital, but also our most complex organ: Precisely controlled by the interplay of electrical and mechanical fields, it consists of four chambers and four valves, which act in concert to regulate its filling, ejection, and overall pump function. While numerous computational models exist to ...
Dyspnoea management in acute coronary syndrome patients treated with ticagrelor.
The occurrence of dyspnoea in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients has always been considered a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic clinical scenario. P2Y12 platelet receptor inhibitors (i.e., clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor) are currently the cornerstone of treatment of ACS patients. Thus, in the last few y...
The correlation between the amplitude of Osborn wave and core body temperature.
INTRODUCTION: Several reports illustrate an inverse correlation between the Osborn wave (J wave) amplitude and core body temperature. We attempted to study the strength of this correlation. METHODS: We reviewed all articles reporting hypothermic J waves from 1950-2014 for patient demographics, core body temperature in ...
How to use: nutritional assessment in neonates.
Adequate nutrition and growth during the neonatal period are important, especially for preterm infants, for whom there is evidence of poor nutrient intakes and growth, and this has important implications for their health in later life. Increased nutritional support while on the neonatal intensive care unit has been sho...
Temporal changes in land cover types and the incidence of malaria in Mangalore, India.
BACKGROUND: Malaria contributes to 881000 deaths worldwide annually and India is a major contributor in the region. This study aimed at detecting land cover changes and assesses their relationship with the burden of malaria in Mangalore taluk of southern India. METHODOLOGY: Landsat TM images were obtained from the U.S....
Nonlinear and Stochastic Dynamics in the Heart.
In a normal human life span, the heart beats about 2 to 3 billion times. Under diseased conditions, a heart may lose its normal rhythm and degenerate suddenly into much faster and irregular rhythms, called arrhythmias, which may lead to sudden death. The transition from a normal rhythm to an arrhythmia is a transition ...
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Model of Mood and Anxiety Disorders.
Although social factors are of critical importance in the development and maintenance of emotional disorders, the contemporary view of emotion regulation has been primarily limited to intrapersonal processes. Based on diverse perspectives pointing to the communicative function of emotions, the social processes in self-...
L-Proline catalyzed one-step synthesis of 4,5-diaryl-2-1,2,3-triazoles from heteroaryl cyanostilbenes via [3+2] cycloaddition of azide.
Use of a novel reagent has been established for the synthesis of a series of 4,5-diaryl-2H-1,2,3-triazoles (6a-i and 9a-e) from cyanostilbene analogs of benzo[b]thiophene, benzo[b]furan and indole, catalyzed by L-proline via Lewis base-catalyzed one-step [3+2]cycloaddition of azide. This method provides an efficient, s...
RADIATION SAFETY CONSIDERATION DURING INTRAOPERATIVE RADIATION THERAPY.
Using in-house-designed phantoms, the authors evaluated radiation exposure rates in the vicinity of a newly acquired intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) system: Axxent Electronic Brachytherapy System. The authors also investigated the perimeter radiation levels during three different clinical intraoperative treatme...
Chevron formation of the zebrafish muscle segments.
The muscle segments of fish have a folded shape, termed a chevron, which is thought to be optimal for the undulating body movements of swimming. However, the mechanism shaping the chevron during embryogenesis is not understood. Here, we use time-lapse microscopy of developing zebrafish embryos spanning the entire somit...
Immunization of mice with live-attenuated late liver stage-arresting P. yoelii parasites generates protective antibody responses to pre-erythrocytic stages of malaria.
Understanding protective immunity against malaria is essential for the design of an effective vaccine to prevent the large number of infections and deaths caused by this parasitic disease. To date, whole parasite immunization with attenuated parasites is the most effective method to confer sterile protection against ma...
Goal-directed learning and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has become a paradigmatic case of goal-directed dysfunction in psychiatry. In this article, we review the neurobiological evidence, historical and recent, that originally led to this supposition and continues to support a habit hypothesis of OCD. We will then discuss a number of rece...
The 30-year wait for treatment of an acutely painful knee.
A 63-year-old retired man presented to our clinic reporting a severely painful, localised knee pain present for around 30 years and associated with a spontaneous palpable lump. He was prompted to seek medical advice at this point because his symptoms were exacerbated when his young grandchildren bumped into the knee. W...
Fatal Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome due to Serotype C Neisseria meningitidis in a young HIV negative MSM (men who have sex with men).
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (fulminant meningococcaemia) is a fulminating infection, often leading to mortality in a matter of hours. In the past 3 years there has been a rise in cases of Neisseria meningitis in the men who have sex with men (MSM) population in the USA and sporadic cases over the world especially ...
Late-onset methotrexate-induced pneumonitis with neutrophilia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
A 61-year-old woman being treated with methotrexate (MTX) 8-10 mg/week and prednisolone 2.5 mg/day for rheumatoid arthritis presented with a 1-week history of increasing fever and dry cough. The patient deteriorated with administration of antibiotics. Chest CT scan showed bilateral diffuse ground-glass opacities. Analy...
AS, DISH or something else?
A 68-year-old farmer presented with progressively worsening pain in multiple joints associated with stiffening for 9 months. Locomotor examination revealed grossly restricted movement of the axial skeleton. There were no neurological deficits. Radiological evaluation demonstrated diffuse bone densification and extraspi...
CT diagnosis of an iatrogenic bile duct injury.
Bile duct injuries are a recognised complication of cholecystectomy and a number of options exist for their evaluation. A 44-year-old woman presented with a suspected biliary leak 11 days following an open cholecystectomy. Her medical history was significant for biliopancreatic diversion 2 years previously. An ultrasou...
The biology of radiosurgery and its clinical applications for brain tumors.
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) was developed decades ago but only began to impact brain tumor care when it was coupled with high-resolution brain imaging techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The technique has played a key role in the management of virtually all forms of brain tumor. W...
Nebivolol, But Not Metoprolol, Lowers Blood Pressure in Nitric Oxide-Sensitive Human Hypertension.
Nebivolol, unlike other selective beta1-receptor blockers, induces vasodilation attributable to increased NO bioavailability. The relative contribution of this mechanism to the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of nebivolol is unclear because it is normally masked by baroreflex buffering. Autonomic failure provides ...
Prenatal Hypoxia Leads to Increased Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity, Sympathetic Hyperinnervation, Premature Blunting of Neuropeptide Y Signaling, and Hypertension in Adult Life.
Adverse conditions prenatally increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Chronic hypoxia in utero (CHU) causes endothelial dysfunction, but whether sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerve functioning is altered is unknown. We, therefore, compared in male CHU and control (N) rats muscle sympathetic n...
Effect of Hypoglycemia on Brain Structure in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Epidemiological Analysis of the ACCORD-MIND MRI Trial.
OBJECTIVE: The effect of hypoglycemia related to treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on brain structure remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether symptomatic severe hypoglycemia is associated with brain atrophy and/or white matter abnormalities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We included T2DM participants with...
Immunoglobulin E plays an immunoregulatory role in lupus.
The (patho)physiological role of IgE in nonallergic inflammatory diseases is not well understood. Here, we explored the effect of IgE deficiency on the inflammatory response in FcgammaRIIB-deficient mice as well as in mice carrying both a deletion of FcgammaRIIB and the chromosomal translocation of Y-linked autoimmune ...
Short-term changes in hormonal profiles after laparoscopic ovarian laser evaporation compared with diagnostic laparoscopy for PCOS.
STUDY QUESTION: Which reproductive endocrine changes are attributed exclusively to laparoscopic ovarian drilling in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Laser evaporation-specific endocrine effects were the prevention of an immediate increase in inhibin B and a sustained decrease in testosterone, androst...
Lipid profiles and ovarian reserve status: a longitudinal study.
STUDY QUESTION: Is there any association between ovarian reserve status and lipid profile changes? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with lower ovarian reserve might be susceptible to higher cardiovascular risks, especially lipid disturbances, even during their reproductive life span. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The risk of developing ...
Laser-assisted zona pellucida thinning does not facilitate hatching and may disrupt the in vitro hatching process: a morphokinetic study in the mouse.
STUDY QUESTION: Does laser-assisted zona thinning of cleavage stage mouse embryos facilitate hatching in vitro? SUMMARY ANSWER: No, unlike laser zona opening, zona thinning does not facilitate embryo hatching. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Artificial opening of the zona pellucida facilitates hatching of mouse and human embryo...
Using cluster analysis to identify a homogeneous subpopulation of women with polycystic ovarian morphology in a population of non-hyperandrogenic women with regular menstrual cycles.
STUDY QUESTION: Can cluster analysis can be used to identify a homogeneous subpopulation of women with polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) within a very large population of control women in a non-subjective way? SUMMARY ANSWER: Identification and exclusion of the cluster corresponding to women with PCOM from controls ...
Outcomes for patients with the same disease treated inside and outside of randomized trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether participation in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), irrespective of assigned treatment, is harmful or beneficial to participants. We compared outcomes for patients with the same diagnoses who did ("insiders") and did not ("outsiders") enter RCTs, without regard to the specific therap...
Raised levels of immunoglobulin G, A and M are associated with an increased risk of total and cause-specific mortality: the Vietnam Experience Study.
BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulins (Ig) are essential for combating infectious disease. However, high levels are associated with a range of diseases and/or poor health behaviours, such as autoimmune diseases, chronic infection, HIV and excessive alcohol consumption. In the present analyses, we extend this body of work by exam...
Did Changes in Drug Reimbursement After the Medicare Modernization Act Affect Chemotherapy Prescribing?
PURPOSE: The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) decreased fee-for-service (FFS) payments for outpatient chemotherapy. We assessed how this policy affected chemotherapy in FFS settings versus in integrated health networks (IHNs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined 5,831 chemother...
Phase I/II Study of the Antibody-Drug Conjugate Glembatumumab Vedotin in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer.
PURPOSE: Glycoprotein NMB (gpNMB), a novel transmembrane protein overexpressed in 40% to 60% of breast cancers, promotes metastases in animal models and is a prognostic marker of a poor outcome in patients. The antibody-drug conjugate glembatumumab vedotin consists of a fully human anti-gpNMB monoclonal antibody, conju...
Multi-Institutional Study of Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide As Single-Agent Graft-Versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis After Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Using Myeloablative Busulfan and Fludarabine Conditioning.
PURPOSE: The clinical safety and efficacy of intravenous busulfan and fludarabine (IV Bu/Flu) myeloablative conditioning as well as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with high-dose, post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) have been demonstrated independently in several single-institutional studies. We h...
p16 Protein Expression and Human Papillomavirus Status As Prognostic Biomarkers of Nonoropharyngeal Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
PURPOSE: Although p16 protein expression, a surrogate marker of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, is recognized as a prognostic marker in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), its prevalence and significance have not been well established in cancer of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, or larynx, coll...
Cognitive Function After the Initiation of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: An Observational Cohort Study.
PURPOSE: This report examines cognitive complaints and neuropsychological (NP) testing outcomes in patients with early-stage breast cancer after the initiation of endocrine therapy (ET) to determine whether this therapy plays any role in post-treatment cognitive complaints. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred seventy-thr...