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Implementation of Patient Safety and Patient-Centeredness Strategies in Iranian Hospitals.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent of implementation for patient safety (PS) and patient-centeredness (PC) strategies and their association with hospital characteristics (type, ownership, teaching status, annual evaluation grade) in Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional study through an adapted version of the MARQuIS question...
US Definitions, Current Use, and FDA Stance on Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Sports Medicine.
With increased utilization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), it is important for clinicians to understand the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory role and stance on PRP. Blood products such as PRP fall under the prevue of FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER). CBER is respo...
Clinical Effectiveness of Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation on Building Muscle Mass in Elderly People: A Meta-Analysis.
OBJECTIVE: A major reason for the loss of mobility in elderly people is the gradual loss of lean body mass known as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is associated with a lower quality of life and higher healthcare costs. The benefit of strategies that include nutritional intervention, timing of intervention, and physical exercis...
Increased orbitofrontal cortex activation associated with "pro-obsessive" antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND: Patients with schizophrenia have an approximately 10-fold higher risk for obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) than the general population. A large subgroup seems to experience OCS as a consequence of second-generation antipsychotic agents (SGA), such as clozapine. So far little is known about underlying neu...
Salinity in Drinking Water and the Risk of (Pre)Eclampsia and Gestational Hypertension in Coastal Bangladesh: A Case-Control Study.
BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are among the leading causes of maternal and perinatal death in low-income countries, but the aetiology remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between salinity in drinking water and the risk of (pre)eclampsia and gestational hypertension in a coastal community....
Chimaeric Virus-Like Particles Derived from Consensus Genome Sequences of Human Rotavirus Strains Co-Circulating in Africa.
Rotavirus virus-like particles (RV-VLPs) are potential alternative non-live vaccine candidates due to their high immunogenicity. They mimic the natural conformation of native viral proteins but cannot replicate because they do not contain genomic material which makes them safe. To date, most RV-VLPs have been derived f...
Infertility following retained products of conception: is it the surgical procedure or the presence of trophoblastic tissue?
OBJECTIVE: To compare the reproductive outcome of women who underwent re-evacuation of the uterine cavity due to suspected retained products of conception (RPOC) and in whom trophoblastic tissue was confirmed by histopathologic examination to those with negative pathologic findings. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively rev...
Effects of a contraceptive containing drospirenone and ethinylestradiol on blood pressure, metabolic profile and neurohumoral axis in hypertensive women at reproductive age.
The use of combined oral contraceptives is widespread among hypertensive women despite being associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Contraceptives containing drospirenone, which has antimineralocorticoid properties, may have a positive or neutral effect on neurohumoral activation and metabolic homeostasis of hy...
Pregnancy outcome of non-anonymous oocyte donation: a case-control study.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the maternal and neonatal outcome of non-anonymous oocyte donation compared to in vitro fertilization. Study design We compared 84 oocyte donation pregnancies with a 251 matched in vitro fertilization cohort. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were retrieved from a nationwide perinatal registry. Oocy...
The Huntington's Disease-Related Cardiomyopathy Prevents a Hypertrophic Response in the R6/2 Mouse Model.
Huntington's disease (HD) is neurodegenerative disorder for which the mutation results in an extra-long tract of glutamines that causes the huntingtin protein to aggregate. It is characterized by neurological symptoms and brain pathology that is associated with nuclear and cytoplasmic aggregates and with transcriptiona...
Magnesium Protects Cognitive Functions and Synaptic Plasticity in Streptozotocin-Induced Sporadic Alzheimer's Model.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by profound synapse loss and impairments of learning and memory. Magnesium affects many biochemical mechanisms that are vital for neuronal properties and synaptic plasticity. Recent studies have demonstrated that the serum and brain magnesium levels are decreased in AD patients...
Antiinflammatory Effect of Phytosterols in Experimental Murine Colitis Model: Prevention, Induction, Remission Study.
Phytosterols, besides hypocholesterolemic effect, present anti-inflammatory properties. Little information is available about their efficacy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Therefore, we have evaluated the effect of a mixture of phytosterols on prevention/induction/remission in a murine experimental model of colit...
Efficacy Outcome Selection in the Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Trials.
OBJECTIVES:: The Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest trials will determine whether therapeutic hypothermia improves survival with good neurobehavioral outcome, as assessed by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Second Edition, in children resuscitated after cardiac arrest in the in-hospital and out...
Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in mice induced by lipopolysaccharide is attenuated by dapsone.
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is a key event in the development of many central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as septic encephalopathy and stroke. 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS, Dapsone) has displayed neuroprotective effect, but whether DDS has protective role on BBB integrity is not clear. This study ...
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4): localization and activity in human and rodent islets.
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) was recently found to be expressed in human and mouse islets with different expression pattern. However, whether species-dependent expression pattern is a generalized phenomenon and whether islet DPP-4 activity is regulated are not known. This study was conducted to investigate DPP-4 loca...
Negative Regulation of Grb10 Interacting GYF Protein 2 on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Signaling Pathway Caused Diabetic Mice Cognitive Impairment.
Heterozygous Gigyf2+/- mice exhibits histopathological evidence of neurodegeneration such as motor dysfunction. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated the important role of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling pathway in the neuropathogenic process of cognitive impairment, while decreased Grb10-...
An examination of camptocormia assessment by dynamic quantification of sagittal posture.
Objective: Camptocormia is a disabling pathology of the axial system that debilitates patients in their daily life. To date, there have been no studies evaluating the impact of camptocormia on walking performance. This study presents a new method for assessing sagittal posture under walking conditions in patients with ...
The Prevalence and Factors for Cancer Screening Behavior among People with Severe Mental Illness in Hong Kong.
OBJECTIVES: Screening is useful in reducing cancer incidence and mortality. People with severe mental illness (PSMI) are vulnerable to cancer as they are exposed to higher levels of cancer risks. Little is known about PSMI's cancer screening behavior and associated factors. The present study examined the utilization of...
Clinical and biological differences between cryoglobulinaemic and hypergammaglobulinaemic purpura in primary Sjogren's syndrome: results of a large multicentre study.
Objectives: To determine the clinical and laboratory differences between cryoglobulinaemic and hypergammaglobulinaemic purpura in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), in a large Italian multicentre cohort. Method: Patients were selected according to the following criteria: fulfilling the American-European classification c...
Incidence of Incisional Hernia after Cesarean Delivery: A Register-Based Cohort Study.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of incisional hernias requiring surgical repair after cesarean delivery over a 10-year period. METHODS: This population- and register-based cohort study identified all women in Denmark with no history of previous abdominal surgery who had a cesarean delivery between 1991 and 2000. T...
Oncogenic RAS-induced senescence in human primary thyrocytes: molecular effectors and inflammatory secretome involved.
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is a robust and sustained antiproliferative response to oncogenic stress and constitutes an efficient barrier to tumour progression. We have recently proposed that OIS may be involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma by restraining tumour progression as well as the transition o...
Therapeutic effect of a TM4SF5-specific monoclonal antibody against colon cancer in a mouse model.
Transmembrane 4 superfamily member 5 protein (TM4SF5) is presumed to serve as a molecular target to prevent or treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colon cancer in a mouse model. Previously, we reported the efficacy of anti-cancer peptide vaccine targeting TM4SF5. In addition, we reported an anti-proliferative effe...
Picropodophyllin causes mitotic arrest and catastrophe by depolymerizing microtubules via Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor-independent mechanism.
Picropodophyllin (PPP) is an anticancer drug undergoing clinical development in NSCLC. PPP has been shown to suppress IGF-1R signaling and to induce a G2/M cell cycle phase arrest but the exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present study identified an IGF-1-independent mechanism of PPP leading to pro-metaphas...
PssP2 Is a Polysaccharide Co-Polymerase Involved in Exopolysaccharide Chain-Length Determination in Rhizobium leguminosarum.
Production of extracellular polysaccharides is a complex process engaging proteins localized in different subcellular compartments, yet communicating with each other or even directly interacting in multicomponent complexes. Proteins involved in polymerization and transport of exopolysaccharide (EPS) in Rhizobium legumi...
Expression of XPG Protein in the Development, Progression and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer.
BACKGROUND: Xeroderma pigmentosum group G (XPG) plays a critical role in preventing cells from oxidative DNA damage. This study aimed to investigate XPG protein expression in different gastric tissues and in patients with diverse prognoses, thus providing insights into its role in the development, progression and progn...
Host Genetic Background Influences the Response to the Opportunistic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection Altering Cell-Mediated Immunity and Bacterial Replication.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections including pneumonia, bloodstream, urinary tract, and surgical site infections. The clinical outcome of P. aeruginosa infections may be extremely variable among individuals at risk and patients affected by cystic fibrosis. However, risk factors...
5-Alpha-reductase inhibitors in diseases of the prostate.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize the history of the use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in the treatment of urologic diseases and discuss the current practices and indications for therapy. RECENT FINDINGS: 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) are indicated in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with obs...
Comparison of Shockwave Lithotripsy and Flexible Ureteroscopy for the Treatment of Kidney Stones in Patients with Solitary Kidney.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the outcomes of these minimally invasive procedures in this patient population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The database of our institution has been retrospectively reviewed and medical records of urolithiasis patients with a solitary kidney who underwent F-URS or SWL between January 2...
Rhodiola Rosea for Mental and Physical Fatigue in Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is one of many unintended consequences of shift work in the nursing profession. Natural health products (NHPs) for fatigue are becoming an increasingly popular topic of clinical study; one such NHP is Rhodiola rosea. A well-designed, rigorously conducted randomized controlled trial is required befor...
Radiation Therapy Remains The Key Cost Driver Of Oncology Inpatient Treatment.
Abstract Objective: Current radiation therapy capacities in Serbia and most of Eastern Europe are heavily lagging behind population needs. Primary study aim was assessment of direct costs of cancer medical care for patients suffering from cancer with assigned radiotherapy based treatment protocols. Identification of ke...
Discovery of New Imidazole Derivatives Containing the 2,4-Dienone Motif with Broad-Spectrum Antifungal and Antibacterial Activity.
A compound containing an imidazole moiety and a 2,4-dienone motif with significant activity toward several fungi was discovered in a screen for new antifungal compounds. Then, a total of 26 derivatives of this compound were designed, synthesized and evaluated through in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity assays. Sev...
Anti-Fibrosis Effect of Scutellarin via Inhibition of Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition on Isoprenaline-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis in Rats.
Scutellarin (SCU) is the major active component of breviscapine and has been reported to be capable of decreasing myocardial fibrosis. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether SCU treatment attenuates isoprenaline-induced myocardial fibrosis and the mechanisms of its action. Rats were injected subcutaneou...
Cellular Transport Mechanisms of Cytotoxic Metallodrugs: An Overview beyond Cisplatin.
The field of medicinal inorganic chemistry has grown consistently during the past 50 years; however, metal-containing coordination compounds represent only a minor proportion of drugs currently on the market, indicating that research in this area has not yet been thoroughly realized. Although platinum-based drugs as ca...
Five New Iridoids from Roots of Salvia digitaloides.
Five new iridoids, salvialosides A-E (compounds 1-5), together with fifty known compounds were isolated from the roots of Salvia digitaloides. The structures of the new compounds were completely elucidated using a combination of 2D NMR techniques (COSY, NOESY, HMQC and HMBC) and HR-ESI-MS analyses. The known compounds ...
Significance of Pulmonary Arterial Pressure as a Prognostic Indicator in Lung-Dominant Connective Tissue Disease.
BACKGROUND: Lung-dominant connective tissue disease (LD-CTD) is a new concept for classifying the subset of patients with interstitial pneumonia who have clinical features suggesting an associated CTD, but whose features fall short of a clear diagnosis of CTD under the current rheumatologic classification systems. The ...
Impact of alpha-Targeted Radiation Therapy on Gene Expression in a Pre-Clinical Model for Disseminated Peritoneal Disease when Combined with Paclitaxel.
To better understand the molecular basis of the enhanced cell killing effected by the combined modality of paclitaxel and 212Pb-trastuzumab (Pac/212Pb-trastuzumab), gene expression in LS-174T i.p. xenografts was investigated 24 h after treatment. Employing a real time quantitative PCR array (qRT-PCR array), 84 DNA dama...
Th1 Stimulatory Proteins of Leishmania donovani: Comparative Cellular and Protective Responses of rTriose Phosphate Isomerase, rProtein Disulfide Isomerase and rElongation Factor-2 in Combination with rHSP70 against Visceral Leishmaniasis.
In visceral leishmaniasis, the recovery from the disease is always associated with the generation of Th1-type of cellular responses. Based on this, we have previously identified several Th1-stimulatory proteins of Leishmania donovani -triose phosphate isomerase (TPI), protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and elongation fa...
CCR5 Gene Editing of Resting CD4 T Cells by Transient ZFN Expression From HIV Envelope Pseudotyped Nonintegrating Lentivirus Confers HIV-1 Resistance in Humanized Mice.
CCR5 disruption by zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) is a promising method for HIV-1 gene therapy. However, successful clinical translation of this strategy necessitates the development of a safe and effective method for delivery into relevant cells. We used non-integrating lentivirus (NILV) for transient expression of ZFNs...
Large-Scale Brain Systems and Subcortical Relationships: Practical Applications.
This article describes an interactive paradigm for understanding brain functioning. This model requires both explicit and implicit learning processes. This paradigm is illustrated through the interpretation of practical examples of behavior. Applications of current neuropsychological tests are presented within this int...
Large-Scale Brain Systems and Subcortical Relationships: The Vertically Organized Brain.
This article reviews the vertical organization of the brain. The cortico-basal ganglia and the cerebro-cerebellar circuitry systems are described as fundamental to cognitive and behavioral control. The basal ganglia anticipate and guide implicitly learned behaviors on the basis of experienced reward outcomes. The cereb...
The Small-World Organization of Large-Scale Brain Systems and Relationships With Subcortical Structures.
Brain structure and function is characterized by large-scale brain systems. However, each system has its own "small-world" organization, with sub-regions, or "hubs," that have varying degrees of specialization for certain cognitive and behavioral processes. This article describes this small-world organization, and the ...
Structure and Function of Large-Scale Brain Systems.
This article introduces the functional neuroanatomy of large-scale brain systems. Both the structure and functions of these brain networks are presented. All human behavior is the result of interactions within and between these brain systems. This system of brain function completely changes our understanding of how cog...
Atypical parietal lobe activity to subliminal faces in youth with a family history of alcoholism.
Abstract Background: Adults with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) show different behavioral and neurological functioning during emotional processing tasks from healthy controls. Adults with a family history (FHP) of AUD also show different activation in limbic brain areas, such as the amygdala. However, it is unclear if th...
Editorial: Unlocking the Potential of Stem Cells in Cell Therapy, Drug Delivery and Drug Discovery.
In metazoans, adult, tissue-specific stem cells function to naturally replace and regenerate components of organ systems during life. The restorative power of adult stem cells has been best exploited clinically in bone marrow transplantation to treat blood cancers and other disorders. With the discovery and characteris...
Annexin A8 Is a Prognostic Marker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Pancreatic Cancer.
OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether annexin A8 (A-A8), a Ca-binding protein overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, plays a role in cell growth and migration and investigated its association with pancreatic cancer prognosis. METHODS: Clinicopathological features and associations between increased A-A8 expression (determine...
Prevalence of Behcet's disease in the province of Brescia in northern Italy.
Interferon alfa-associated depression in patients with Behcet's syndrome: a prospective controlled study.
Anti-cytokine biologic treatment beyond anti-TNF in Behcet's disease.
Unmet therapeutic needs in Behcet's disease have drawn recent attention to biological agents targeting cytokines other than TNF. The anti-IL-17 antibody secukinumab and the anti-IL-2 receptor antibody daclizumab were not superior to placebo for ocular Behcet's in randomised controlled trials, comprising 118 and 17 pati...
Gastrointestinal manifestations of Behcet's disease: advances in evaluation and management.
Behcet's disease is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory disorder characterized by orogenital ulcers and skin lesions; serious manifestations also include ocular, large vessel, gastrointestinal and neurological involvement. Genetic and unknown environmental factors customise the wide clinical expression of the disease. G...
Behcet's syndrome: a critical digest of the 2013-2014 literature.
This review focuses on the recent research on the epidemiology, outcome measures, immunopathogenesis, genetics, clinical manifestations and management of Behcet's syndrome (BS). A systematic review of outcomes and outcome measures used in BS points out to a need for reliable and validated outcome measures that would be...