Datasets:
messages listlengths 3 3 | category stringclasses 3
values | utility stringclasses 89
values |
|---|---|---|
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Try to restart nginx, and if that fails, print an error."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "sudo systemctl restart nginx || echo 'nginx restart fa... | pipeline | chain |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the 1-minute load average."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "cut -d' ' -f1 /proc/loadavg"
}
] | single | uptime |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Write a script that reads a yes/no answer and handles Y/y/yes and N/n/no with a case statement."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env ... | script | case |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List the files opened by process 2829."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "lsof -p 2829"
}
] | single | lsof |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Give me a script that iterates over /var/lib/app/*.zip and moves each file into an archive/ subfolder."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/b... | script | mv |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Find any socket using port 9090 via netstat."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -anp | grep :9090"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "I need getopts handling for three options: -n, -t and -p; print usage on bad input."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\nset -euo pipefail\nname=\"\"; tag=\"\"; port=\"\"\n... | script | getopts |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Give me iostat -x with human-readable units."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "iostat -xh"
}
] | single | iostat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "I need to tally how many times each log level appears in dmesg.log."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "grep -oE '(INFO|WARN|ERROR|DEBUG)' dm... | pipeline | grep |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the 10 largest subdirectories in tests."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "du -h tests/* | sort -rh | head -n 10"
}
] | pipeline | du |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the kernel routing table."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -rn"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "reload postgresql without a full restart"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "sudo systemctl reload postgresql"
}
] | single | systemctl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Lower the priority of process 8544 to nice value 10."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "renice -n 10 -p 8544"
}
] | single | renice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Write a start/stop/restart/status control script for cron using a case statement."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\nse... | script | case |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Count how many unique IP-like first fields appear in nginx-access.log."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "awk '{print $1}' nginx-access.log | sort | uniq -c | s... | pipeline | grep |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show what PID 2807 has open."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "lsof -p 2807"
}
] | single | lsof |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Case-insensitively find 'ERROR' in kern.log."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "grep -i 'ERROR' kern.log"
}
] | single | grep |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Check if response.csv exists and cat it, otherwise say it's missing."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "[ -f error.py ] && cat auth.json || echo 'not found'"
}
] | pipeline | chain |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Make a backup copy of results.old called results.old.bak"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "cp results.old results.old.bak"
}
] | single | cp |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Count how many unique IP-like first fields appear in ingest.log."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "awk '{print $1}' ingest.log | sort | uniq -c |... | pipeline | grep |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "show redis logs from the last 30 days"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "journalctl -u redis --since '14 days ago'"
}
] | single | journalctl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show which process is using port 9200."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "lsof -i :9200"
}
] | single | lsof |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Write a script that converts every .png in the current directory to .jpg using ImageMagick, keeping originals."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\nset -euo pipefail\nshopt... | script | for |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Report iostat throughput in megabytes, 1s interval, 10 rounds."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "iostat -m 1 10"
}
] | single | iostat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show a one-shot CPU and disk I/O summary."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "iostat"
}
] | single | iostat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "print the total and count of column 3 in metrics.log"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "awk '{sum+=$3; c++} END{print sum, c}' metrics.log"
}
] | pipeline | awk |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "display network interface statistics"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -i"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Lower the priority of process 3908 to nice value 10."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "renice -n 10 -p 3908"
}
] | single | renice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List every TCP socket without name resolution."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "ss -tan"
}
] | single | ss |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "reduce the priority of all processes owned by alice"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "renice -n 15 -u erin"
}
] | single | renice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Sum the response sizes (column 10) in access.log."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "awk '{s+=$10} END{print s}' access.log"
}
] | pipeline | awk |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List TCP listeners without name resolution."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -ltn"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Write a script that dumps every PostgreSQL database into its own gzip file under /data/backup, keeping 10 days."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\nset -euo pipefail\ndest... | script | pg_dump |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the kernel routing table numerically."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -rn"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Monitor the sda device and its partitions with iostat every 10 seconds."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "iostat -p sda 10"
}
] | single | iostat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List connections stuck in TIME-WAIT."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "ss -tp state time-wait"
}
] | single | ss |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Display w with numeric IPs."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "w -i"
}
] | single | w |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show per-disk statistics with vmstat."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "vmstat -d"
}
] | single | vmstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "get the number of items in the JSON array at https://mail.example.com/api/items"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "curl -s https://mail.example.com/api/items | jq 'length'"
}
] | pipeline | curl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show summary statistics for each protocol."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -s"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Process all .bak files under /srv/data with gzip using 4 parallel workers via xargs."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\... | script | xargs |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show kernel notice-level messages."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "dmesg -l notice"
}
] | single | dmesg |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Add a timestamp column to vmstat, 10s interval, 30 rounds."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "vmstat -t 10 30"
}
] | single | vmstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Write a script that retries a curl to https://registry.example.org/health up to 5 times, sleeping 1s between attempts."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\nset -euo pipefai... | script | curl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Print dmesg with the facility/level prefix."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "dmesg -x"
}
] | single | dmesg |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Parse command-line flags -l (level), -t (tag) and -i (input) using getopts and validate that -l is provided."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content... | script | getopts |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List all listening TCP and UDP sockets with programs."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "ss -tulnp"
}
] | single | ss |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show who is logged in and what they are doing."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "w"
}
] | single | w |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show established TCP connections numerically."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -tn"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the system's hostname."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "hostname"
}
] | single | hostname |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Print all IP addresses assigned to this host."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "hostname -I"
}
] | single | hostname |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the 50 most recent memcached log lines, newest last."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "journalctl -u memcached -n 50"
}
] | single | journalctl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show which process is using port 5000."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "lsof -i :5000"
}
] | single | lsof |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List logged-in users without the header line."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "w -h"
}
] | single | w |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Display kernel messages from the journal with priority error or worse."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "journalctl -k -p err"
}
] | single | journalctl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Display admin's processes as a tree."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "pstree admin"
}
] | single | pstree |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "What TCP ports are being listened on, and by what?"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "ss -tlnp"
}
] | single | ss |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "do a dry-run rsync of templates to tmp to see what would change"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "rsync -avn templates/ tmp/"
}
] | single | rsync |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "show mount points sorted by usage percentage"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "df -h | awk 'NR>1 {print $5, $6}' | sort -rn"
}
] | pipeline | df |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show memory usage with buffers and cache in separate columns."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "free -w"
}
] | single | free |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show connections on port 2379."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -anp | grep :2379"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Watch active/inactive memory with vmstat every 5s."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "vmstat -a 5"
}
] | single | vmstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "reduce the priority of all processes owned by ec2-user"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "renice -n 15 -u alice"
}
] | single | renice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the systemd journal for the systemd-networkd service."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "journalctl -u systemd-networkd"
}
] | single | journalctl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List all listening TCP and UDP ports with programs."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -tunlp"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Move access.tar.gz into the data folder."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "mv access.tar.gz vendor/"
}
] | single | mv |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Run 'npm run build' at higher priority (nice -10); needs root."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "sudo nice -n -10 npm run build"
}
] | single | nice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show TCP sockets currently in use."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "lsof -i tcp"
}
] | single | lsof |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show TCP connections to db02.example.com."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "ss -tn dst db02.example.com"
}
] | single | ss |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Run the tests and echo PASS or FAIL depending on the result."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "pytest -q && echo PASS || echo FAIL"
}
] | pipeline | chain |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show vmstat in megabytes, 2s interval, 30 samples."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "vmstat -S M 2 30"
}
] | single | vmstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "I need getopts handling for three options: -p, -l and -d; print usage on bad input."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\ns... | script | getopts |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Count the number of logged-in user sessions."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "w -h | wc -l"
}
] | single | w |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List every connection without resolving names."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "netstat -an"
}
] | single | netstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List all open TCP connections."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "lsof -i tcp"
}
] | single | lsof |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Write a script that prints a small system report: hostname, uptime, disk and memory usage."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env... | script | report |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Read hosts.txt and for each host, report UP/DOWN based on whether it checks if port 22 is open."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\nset -euo pipefail\nwhile IFS= read -r h... | script | ssh |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show kernel messages since today."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "dmesg -T --since 'today'"
}
] | single | dmesg |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Run 'find / -name '*.core'' niced to 15 in the background."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "nice -n 15 find / -name '*.core' &"
}
] | single | nice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "What are how full each mounted filesystem is, worst first?"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "df -h | awk 'NR>1 {print $5, $6}' | sort -rn"
}
] | pipeline | df |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "How do I list files in images sorted by size?"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "ls -lS images"
}
] | single | ls |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Tar up the current directory into a dated archive."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "tar -czf backup-$(date +%F).tar.gz ."
}
] | pipeline | cmdsub |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "What are the 20 most common entries in column 1 of messages?"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "awk '{print $1}' messages | sort | uniq -c | ... | pipeline | awk |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Print dmesg in raw format with priority markers."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "dmesg -r"
}
] | single | dmesg |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "send a GET request to https://db02.corp.net/api and show the response headers"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "curl -I https://db02.corp.ne... | single | curl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the DNS domain name."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "hostname -d"
}
] | single | hostname |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Sample vmstat 10 times at a 1-second interval."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "vmstat 1 10"
}
] | single | vmstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "gzip every .log file under /srv/data"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "find /srv/data -type f -name '*.log' -print0 | xargs -0 gzip"
}
] | pipeline | find |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a command-line assistant specializing in Bash and GNU coreutils."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show me the disk usage of /var/www broken down one level deep."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "du -h --max-depth=1 /var/www 2>/dev/null | ... | pipeline | du |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "reduce the priority of all processes owned by mysql"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "renice -n 15 -u ubuntu"
}
] | single | renice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a helpful assistant that writes correct, idiomatic Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "reduce the priority of all processes owned by tomcat"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "renice -n 15 -u svc-app"
}
] | single | renice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "List all files opened by containerd."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "lsof -c containerd"
}
] | single | lsof |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Bump process 5695 to a higher priority (nice -5). Requires root."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "sudo renice -n -5 -p 5695"
}
] | single | renice |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show the systemd journal for the sshd service."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "journalctl -u sshd"
}
] | single | journalctl |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Timestamped vmstat every 10s for 3 samples."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "vmstat -t 10 3"
}
] | single | vmstat |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "On this box, list the top 10 remote IPs by number of connections."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "ss -tn | awk 'NR>1 {print $5}' | cut -d: -f1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10"
}... | pipeline | ss |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "I want a cleanup script for /var/cache that purges .log files older than 30 days."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "#!/usr/bin/env bash\nset -euo pipefail\ntar... | script | find |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Linux shell expert. Respond with Bash only."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Read the uptime directly out of /proc/uptime."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "cat /proc/uptime"
}
] | single | uptime |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You are a Bash expert."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Show w output but skip the header."
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "w -h"
}
] | single | w |
[
{
"role": "system",
"content": "You translate natural-language requests into correct Bash commands."
},
{
"role": "user",
"content": "gzip every .log file under lib"
},
{
"role": "assistant",
"content": "find lib -type f -name '*.log' -print0 | xargs -0 gzip"
}
] | pipeline | find |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
Bash Instruction-Tuning Dataset (~55k)
A synthetic instruction-tuning dataset that pairs natural-language requests with correct Bash solutions, built for fine-tuning small LLMs to translate plain requests into runnable shell commands, pipelines, and scripts.
Each example is a chat conversation (system / user / assistant) plus two metadata
fields (category, utility) for slicing and analysis.
Format
One JSON object per line (bash_dataset.jsonl):
{
"messages": [
{"role": "system", "content": "You are a Bash expert."},
{"role": "user", "content": "Show the last 20 lines of error.log."},
{"role": "assistant", "content": "tail -n 20 error.log"}
],
"category": "single",
"utility": "tail"
}
messages— the training conversation. The system prompt is one of 5 equivalent Bash-assistant prompts (rotated so the model doesn't overfit a single string).category—single|pipeline|script(see below).utility— the primary command of the solution (e.g.grep,awk,find,for), used to enforce a per-command cap and to analyze coverage.
Scripts (category == "script") contain real multi-line Bash (JSON-escaped \n),
typically with set -euo pipefail, functions, getopts, trap cleanup, loops,
here-docs, etc.
Statistics
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Examples | 55,000 |
single (one-shot commands) |
22,000 (40%) |
pipeline (pipes, &&/||, $(...), xargs) |
19,250 (35%) |
script (multi-line) |
13,750 (25%) |
| Distinct primary utilities | 89 |
| Max share of any one utility | 4.00% (hard cap 2,200/util) |
| Unique user (NL) strings | 92.9% |
| Unique assistant (Bash) strings | 75.3% |
Validity: 100% pass bash -n (0 syntax errors). Static analysis with
shellcheck flags no warning-level findings on 96.3% of a 4,000-example sample;
almost all remaining findings are a single style nit (SC2010, ls | grep).
Coverage of system/info utilities that small models often get wrong (counts include single + pipeline + script uses):
| util | n | util | n | util | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| journalctl | 2200 | lsof | 648 | ss | 481 |
| pstree | 753 | renice | 365 | nice | 293 |
| vmstat | 288 | netstat | 234 | iostat | 183 |
| w | 158 | dmesg | 154 | free | 90 |
| uptime | 34 | hostname | 25 |
(uptime / hostname are lower because their genuine idiomatic command space is
small; they are covered with real flag variants rather than padded phrasings.)
How it was built
Generated by a recipe engine (generate.py, included). Each recipe family emits
(request, command) pairs by combining hand-written phrasing templates
(imperative / question / casual) with realistic parameter pools (plausible file
names, directories, ports, services, users, patterns). The generator enforces:
- category quotas (40 / 35 / 25),
- a 4% per-utility cap so no command dominates (a real failure mode of earlier runs),
- minimum floors for the info/system utilities above,
- SHA-1 deduplication of
(request, command)pairs, - a
bash -nsyntax gate on every command before it is written.
Loading
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("json", data_files="bash_dataset.jsonl", split="train")
print(ds[0]["messages"])
# analyze by slice
import collections
print(collections.Counter(ds["category"]))
print(collections.Counter(ds["utility"]).most_common(15))
The dataset viewer will expose messages, category, and utility as columns.
Intended use & limitations
Good for: teaching a small model to map natural-language requests to correct single Bash commands, short pipelines, and small scripts — including the system/info utilities listed above.
Limitations (be aware before relying on it):
- Synthetic / semi-templated. Variety comes from recombining templates and token pools, not from human authorship. Phrasing shapes repeat (e.g. most script requests open with "Write a script that…"); ~25% of commands recur with different phrasings.
- Validity ≠ full semantic correctness.
bash -n+ shellcheck prove the commands parse and are lint-clean; they do not prove every command perfectly satisfies its request. Some pairs are plausible-but-approximate (e.g. anawkcolumn index assumes a particular log layout). - Single-turn, one canonical answer. No explanations, alternatives, negative examples, or multi-turn dialogue.
- Not executed at scale on real Linux. Many commands (
systemctl,journalctl,apt,vmstat, …) are idiomatic but were validated statically, not run.
Files
bash_dataset.jsonl— the dataset (55,000 rows).generate.py— the generator (reproducible; resumable viaprogress.json).README.md— this card.
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