Datasets:

AmanPriyanshu
/

stratified-kmeans-diverse-pretraining-100K-1M

text string	category string	dataset_name string
Since the beginning of time, man has looked for better ways to navigate. Land exploration was easier because of the various landmarks that prevailed, but oceanic exploration was an entirely different challenge. Early sailors created primitive charts of the coast lines and learned to look to the sun and stars for direct...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Water is revitalized via equipment that is installed in the water distribution. Equipment is based on purely physical, hydrodynamic principles when water flows through the chambers and passageways that are specifically arranged. This principles transfer part of water molecules power. Kinetic energy of the water flow is...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Occurring more than 300 million years ago, dragonflies form one of the most ancient groups of insects. With more than 6 000 species world-wide, they have fascinated numerous civilisations over the ages. Their many popular names (in the Middle Ages, for example, they were known as ‘Satan’s needles’, ‘Devil’s arrows’ and...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Did you know that there are currently roughly 62 million adults ages 65 and older living in the US? This number is projected to nearly double by 2050. As we continue to live longer lives, it’s important to focus on maintaining our physical and mental well-being. One powerful tool for doing so is using mindfulness activ...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
On the afternoon on December 10, 2018, an area of what initially appeared to be precipitation (Figure 1) was detected northwest of Evansville, Indiana by the National Weather Service (NWS) Doppler Weather Radar station at Paducah, Kentucky (KPAH). When first detected, the blob was 100 nm northeast of KPAH at an elevati...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
What is the importance of milk teeth? What are the steps to ensure good dental health for children? What is tooth decay and how does it affect your child’s teeth? What is Early Childhood Decay or baby bottle syndrome and how can that be prevented? Reasons why the primary teeth needs to be well maintained Why is prevent...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
As we stated at the very beginning, for most students and teachers this area of study touches on the very private and unique part of a person. But if the teacher is committed and truly believes in the positiveness of what he/she is doing it will be a beneficial endeavor. Another problem the teacher will have to face is...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
here you will find all the answers to the most frequently asked questions about tartar formation. Dr. Gambino, dental hygienist, gives advice for dental hygiene at home. If there are still unanswered questions, send us a message via email or on Instagram. WHAT IS TARTAR AND HOW DOES IT FORM? Tartar is nothing more than...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
In the rugged and often unpredictable environment of a mine site, success hinges not just on machinery and minerals, but on the skilled hands and informed minds of the workers who navigate this challenging terrain daily. Every individual, from seasoned professionals to newcomers, must be equipped with a robust skill se...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
We’ve provided information below to give you insight into a number of dental related matters. We hope it is helpful. Just click any subject below to reveal more details… If you’d like to know more about anything at all, just get in touch! Tooth whitening (bleaching) is a totally painless and simple process which will m...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Life during the Middle Ages was hard. People were always at war. Therefore, castles were built to protect people from their enemies. The castle was the home of a lord and his family. It was also the home of the soldiers. The soldiers were there to protect the castle, the load and his family. They also protected the vil...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
In the hot sun, the sandstone layers of the canyon were like melting Neapolitan ice cream, the strawberry of the Jurassic entrada liquifying under the weight of vanilla and chocolate. I followed a slim trail of pink puddles through archways of junipers and found myself in the landscape depicted in Georgia O’Keeffe’s 19...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Refugees, in order to survive, have been forced to flee their countries throughout history. Such was the case with five year old Stephanie and her 9 year old sister who fled Nazi Germany in 1938. Born of a Jewish father, their mother put them on a kindertransport, a train for children refugees that would take them from...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
"And the light shines on in the darkness, but the darkness has not mastered it." John 1:5 Depression and its affects can be a devastating blow to anyone. It is invasive and can take a person from standing tall in their life to hunched over, mentally and physically, rapidly. It is not our fault when we struggle with dep...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
What is a position statement in law? The position statement should clearly explain the Respondent’s version of the facts and identify the specific documents and witnesses supporting its position. Address each alleged discriminatory act and your position regarding it and provide copies of documents supporting your posit...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
ACT for the Human Habitat To enable coatings that will transform the human habitat, the three ACTs take advantage of the versatility provided by polymers, nanoparticles and their mixtures to create coatings with tailored chemistry, surface texture and function. By imbuing coatings with structure and function via tailor...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
At the American Translators Association Conference in Washington, DC, I attended a session on Interpreting and Translating for Farmers and Migrant Workers presented by Michelle Pinzl. This is the target audience of some of my translations, and knowing who we translate for helps us write in a way that our text is unders...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
In school, I was advised not to pursue a career in teaching as “I did not look like a teacher”. I still remember how deflated I felt and as a result was determined to become a teacher and never make a student of mine feel inadequate. To this day, I do not know what a teacher is supposed to look like, nor should it matt...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
The recent 2018 Midterm Election has resulted in having 112 women as elected officials (25% of the of the total 435 representatives who have ‘seat, voice and vote’. To pass any legislation requires 218+ votes. With their 237 Democratic majority, the Democratic Party will select the Speaker of the House and will be in c...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
The student will understand the options presented to the design team and the reasons why they made their final selections of equipment. The student will learn about NASA's plans and objectives for the lunar missions. The student will learn about the famed Apollo 11 mission which successfully landed on the moon and retu...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Air travel has come a long way since the Wright brothers made their first successful flight in 1903. Over the past century, technology has played a crucial role in shaping the evolution of flights and transforming air travel into what it is today. One of the most significant advancements in air travel technology is the...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
It is getting more expensive to run a car especially with the current price of fuel. You can improve your fuel consumption by adopting a “greener ” approach to your driving. Driving with empathy for the car, fuel consumption and the environment. A regularly serviced engine (as per manufacturer’s recommendation) will op...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Claim Your Discount Today Ring in Christmas and New Year with a special treat from www.programminghomeworkhelp.com! Get 15% off on all programming assignments when you use the code PHHCNY15 for expert assistance. Don’t miss this festive offer—available for a limited time. Start your New Year with academic success and s...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Irrespective of whether you are a homemaker, a college graduate, or a working professional, it is important that you learn certain basic financial skills. Managing your finances is not difficult, but if not dealt with a certain level of expertise and knowledge, you would experience a shortage of cash flow, causing a di...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
You will have 20 minutes to plan, write and revise an essay about the topic below. Your response will be judged on how well you develop a position, organize your ideas, present supporting details, and control the elements of standard written English. You should write 200-300 words. Population growth, the increase in th...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Conserve with us Upgrade your life to save money, resources, and energy. Solar panels, wind farms, agricultural A.I., new growing systems... we keep you up to speed on the present advances. Food waste should be put back into the soil. It makes the best quality plant nutrition. We'll teach you how to do this with no odo...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
History of Bloomington, Ellettsville & Monroe County, Indiana Monroe County, Bloomington, and Ellettsville are a compelling and unique part of the Midwest, offering solid business and professional opportunities, excellent education, and a fantastic quality of life. Our community enjoys a proud history of industry and e...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Water is an essential element for sustaining life. Until recently, it was considered in some circles a natural resource of unlimited supply. However, lately the situation has changed: water has become a scarce resource around the world, including some regions of the United States, with competing interests for the limit...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Source: Russia in Global Affairs Russian society holds two contradictory attitudes to Islam. On the one hand, according to Nikolai Silayev, “the myth about the ’mysterious East,’ characteristic of Western Europe, never really materialized in Russia: the East has always been considered endemic to Russia.” On the other h...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
At the grand old age of 63, just four years before his death, Karl Blossfeldt produced his first photography book, the internationally best-selling Urformen der Kunst (later translated into English as Art Forms in Plants). The book's 120 plates display Blossfeldt's remarkable photographs of plants – varieties from Equi...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Feeling sick lately? Struggling with poor digestion, nausea, or recurring infections? These problems are often caused by exposure to certain chemicals in food, deodorants, cosmetics, cookware, and other common products. Toxic ingredients are lurking everywhere, from water bottles and moisturizing creams to non-stick pa...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Domestic dogs and cats, whether feral or owned, cause the death of millions of wildlife animals every year either by hunting and killing or through disease transmission. The reproductive rates of both species are very high and the current approach of surgical sterilization is too slow and ineffective to have a signific...	CC-MAIN-2025-05	HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu

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Stratified K-Means Diverse Pre-Training Dataset (100K-1M)

A carefully balanced subset combining FineWeb-Edu and Proof-Pile-2, featuring embedding-based k-means sampling to ensure diverse representation across educational and mathematical/scientific content at multiple scales.

👥 Follow the Authors

Aman Priyanshu

Supriti Vijay

Overview

This dataset provides stratified subsets at 50k, 100k, 250k, 500k, and 1M scales, combining high-quality educational web content with mathematical and scientific documents.

Sampling Methodology

Rather than random sampling, we use embedding-based k-means clustering to ensure diverse, representative subsets:

Balanced Sampling: Maintains proportional representation from both FineWeb-Edu and Proof-Pile-2 sources
Embedding Generation: Each sample's text is embedded using Snowflake/snowflake-arctic-embed-xs
K-Means Clustering: For each category requiring M samples, k-means is applied with k=M clusters (100 iterations)
Centroid Selection: The centroid of each cluster is selected as the representative sample, exactly filling the required M samples

This deterministic approach ensures maximum diversity within each category while maintaining balanced distribution—no random sampling involved.

Related datasets in this series:

Stratified Reasoning Dataset (100K-1M) - Llama-Nemotron Post-Training
Stratified Instruction-Following Dataset (100K-1M) - Tulu-3 & Orca AgentInstruct

Dataset Splits

Split	Samples	Size
50k	50,000	695 MB
100k	100,000	1.38 GB
250k	250,000	3.37 GB
500k	500,000	6.57 GB
1m	1,000,000	12.88 GB

Distribution: Proof-Pile-2 Components

Component	50k	100k	250k	500k	1m
algebraic-stack	8,267 (16.53%)	16,533 (16.53%)	41,331 (16.53%)	82,662 (16.53%)	165,324 (16.53%)
arxiv	5,535 (11.07%)	11,070 (11.07%)	27,675 (11.07%)	55,349 (11.07%)	110,697 (11.07%)
open-web-math	11,198 (22.40%)	22,397 (22.40%)	55,994 (22.40%)	111,989 (22.40%)	223,979 (22.40%)

Distribution: FineWeb-Edu Components

Component	50k	100k	250k	500k	1m
CC-MAIN-2025-05	4,510 (9.02%)	9,020 (9.02%)	22,549 (9.02%)	45,097 (9.02%)	90,194 (9.02%)
CC-MAIN-2025-08	4,115 (8.23%)	8,230 (8.23%)	20,574 (8.23%)	41,148 (8.23%)	82,296 (8.23%)
CC-MAIN-2025-13	4,206 (8.41%)	8,412 (8.41%)	21,029 (8.41%)	42,057 (8.41%)	84,114 (8.41%)
CC-MAIN-2025-18	4,266 (8.53%)	8,532 (8.53%)	21,331 (8.53%)	42,662 (8.53%)	85,324 (8.53%)
CC-MAIN-2025-21	4,056 (8.11%)	8,112 (8.11%)	20,282 (8.11%)	40,565 (8.11%)	81,129 (8.11%)
CC-MAIN-2025-26	3,847 (7.69%)	7,694 (7.69%)	19,235 (7.69%)	38,471 (7.69%)	76,943 (7.69%)

Data Structure

Each example contains:

text: The document content
category: Source category (fineweb-edu, arxiv, open-web-math, or algebraic-stack)
dataset_name: Full source identifier

Example

{
  "text": "Since the beginning of time, man has looked for better ways to navigate...",
  "category": "fineweb-edu",
  "dataset_name": "HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu"
}

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

# Load a specific split
ds = load_dataset("AmanPriyanshu/stratified-kmeans-diverse-pretraining-100K-1M", split="100k")

# Load multiple splits
ds = load_dataset("AmanPriyanshu/stratified-kmeans-diverse-pretraining-100K-1M", split=["50k", "250k"])

# Stream the data
ds = load_dataset("AmanPriyanshu/stratified-kmeans-diverse-pretraining-100K-1M", split="1m", streaming=True)
for example in ds:
    print(example["text"][:100])

Content Categories

The dataset spans diverse content types optimized for pre-training:

Educational Content (FineWeb-Edu)

Science and technology explanations
Historical narratives
How-to guides and tutorials
General knowledge articles

Scientific Literature (ArXiv)

Research papers across scientific disciplines
Mathematical proofs and derivations
Technical methodology descriptions

Mathematical Web Content (OpenWebMath)

Mathematical problem-solving discussions
Educational math content from forums and blogs
Step-by-step mathematical explanations

Mathematical Code (AlgebraicStack)

Numerical computing code (Python, Julia, R, Fortran, Matlab)
Computer algebra systems (Maple, GAP)
Formal mathematics (Lean, Coq, Isabelle, Agda, Idris)
Mathematical LaTeX documents

Citation

If you use this dataset, please cite:

@misc{priyanshu2025stratifiedllm,
  title={{Stratified LLM Subsets: Pre-Training, Instruction-Following, and Reasoning SFT Data at 100K-1M Scale}},
  author={Priyanshu, Aman and Vijay, Supriti},
  year={2025},
  howpublished={\url{https://amanpriyanshu.github.io/Stratified-LLM-Subsets-100K-1M-Scale/}},
  note={Available at \url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/AmanPriyanshu/stratified-kmeans-diverse-pretraining-100K-1M}}
}

References

Please cite the original source datasets:

FineWeb-Edu:

@misc{lozhkov2024fineweb-edu,
  author       = { Lozhkov, Anton and Ben Allal, Loubna and von Werra, Leandro and Wolf, Thomas },  
  title        = { FineWeb-Edu: the Finest Collection of Educational Content }, 
  year         = 2024,  
  url          = { https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu },  
  doi          = { 10.57967/hf/2497 },
  publisher    = { Hugging Face }
}

Proof-Pile-2:

@misc{azerbayev2023llemma,
  title={Llemma: An Open Language Model For Mathematics}, 
  author={Zhangir Azerbayev and Hailey Schoelkopf and Keiran Paster and Marco Dos Santos and Stephen McAleer and Albert Q. Jiang and Jia Deng and Stella Biderman and Sean Welleck},
  year={2023},
  eprint={2310.10631},
  archivePrefix={arXiv},
  primaryClass={cs.CL}
}

OpenWebMath:

@misc{paster2023openwebmath,
  title={OpenWebMath: An Open Dataset of High-Quality Mathematical Web Text}, 
  author={Keiran Paster and Marco Dos Santos and Zhangir Azerbayev and Jimmy Ba},
  year={2023},
  eprint={2310.06786},
  archivePrefix={arXiv},
  primaryClass={cs.AI}
}

RedPajama:

@software{together2023redpajama,
  author = {Together Computer},
  title = {RedPajama: An Open Source Recipe to Reproduce LLaMA training dataset},
  month = {April},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://github.com/togethercomputer/RedPajama-Data}
}