0xRafie/indonesian-gambling-multimodal-dataset

Indonesian Online Gambling Promotion Multimodal Dataset

This dataset is intended for machine learning research on detecting and filtering online gambling promotions on Indonesian social media. It is a research artifact for content moderation and harmful content detection, not a gambling website or promotional resource.

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Research Context

This dataset is created for academic research in harmful content detection and multimodal machine learning. It is intended to help platforms and researchers develop AI systems to identify and remove gambling spam — not to promote gambling.

• Research Paper: Multimodal Deep Learning for Online Gambling Detection on Social Media in Indonesia
• License: CC BY 4.0 (Academic use)
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Dataset Purpose

• Purpose: Train machine learning models to identify gambling promotions versus legitimate content
• Content: 5,028 annotated social media posts (gambling spam samples + non-gambling samples)
• Use Case: Binary classification for content moderation systems
• Precedent: Similar to spam detection datasets, phishing email datasets, malware analysis datasets — standard in cybersecurity and NLP research

Scope and Restrictions

• This is not a gambling website.
• This is not promotional content for gambling.
• This is not intended for commercial gambling operations.
• This dataset must not be used to encourage, facilitate, or promote gambling.

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A multimodal dataset of 5,028 annotated social media posts for detecting online gambling promotions in Indonesia, containing paired images and Indonesian text captions collected from Facebook, TikTok, and X.

Dataset Statistics

Platform	Gambling	Non-Gambling	Total
Facebook	927	492	1,419
TikTok	199	1,243	1,442
X	1,069	1,098	2,167
Total	2,195 (43.7%)	2,833 (56.3%)	5,028

Data Format

data/
├── dataset.csv      # Annotations and metadata
└── image/           # 5,028 images
    ├── image_1.jpg
    ├── image_2.jpg
    └── ...

Columns in dataset.csv:

Column	Type	Description
id	int	Unique sample ID
text_caption	str	Indonesian text caption from the post
image_path	str	Relative path to the image file (e.g., image/image_1.jpg)
platform	str	Source platform: Facebook, TikTok, or X
label	float	1.0 = gambling promotion, 0.0 = non-gambling

Collection Method

Posts were collected from Facebook, TikTok, and X using various gambling-related keywords for research purposes only. After deduplication and filtering, the authors manually annotated each sample as gambling promotion (1) or non-gambling (0).

Ethics Statement

• All data was collected from publicly available sources
• No private or personal data was intentionally collected
• The dataset is intended solely for academic and research purposes in content moderation
• This dataset follows standard practices for research datasets in machine learning and cybersecurity

Intended Use

This dataset is intended for:

• Machine learning research
• Content moderation system development
• Harmful content detection research

This dataset is NOT intended for:

• Promoting or facilitating gambling
• Commercial gambling operations
• Redistributing gambling content for promotional purposes

Citation

If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:

Ekaputra, D. R. (2026). Indonesian Online Gambling Promotion Multimodal Dataset [Data set]. Hugging Face. https://huggingface.co/datasets/0xRafie/indonesian-gambling-multimodal-dataset

License

This dataset is released under the CC BY 4.0 license for academic and research use.

Note: This license does not grant permission to use the dataset for illegal activities or gambling promotion.

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Disclaimer

This dataset contains a research artifact for machine learning classification of harmful content. It is analogous to phishing detection datasets, spam classification datasets, and malware analysis datasets commonly hosted for academic research. The dataset is not intended to promote gambling but to help detect and filter gambling spam on social media platforms.