Update model card — AUC=0.9997 F1=0.984
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README.md
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library_name: transformers
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license: apache-2.0
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---
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#
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> [!Note]
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> This repository contains model weights and configuration files for the post-trained model in the Hugging Face Transformers format.
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> These artifacts are compatible with Hugging Face Transformers, vLLM, SGLang, KTransformers, etc.
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Over recent months, we have intensified our focus on developing foundation models that deliver exceptional utility and performance. Qwen3.5 represents a significant leap forward, integrating breakthroughs in multimodal learning, architectural efficiency, reinforcement learning scale, and global accessibility to empower developers and enterprises with unprecedented capability and efficiency.
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## Qwen3.5 Highlights
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Qwen3.5 features the following enhancement:
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- **Unified Vision-Language Foundation**: Early fusion training on multimodal tokens achieves cross-generational parity with Qwen3 and outperforms Qwen3-VL models across reasoning, coding, agents, and visual understanding benchmarks.
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- **Efficient Hybrid Architecture**: Gated Delta Networks combined with sparse Mixture-of-Experts deliver high-throughput inference with minimal latency and cost overhead.
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- **Scalable RL Generalization**: Reinforcement learning scaled across million-agent environments with progressively complex task distributions for robust real-world adaptability.
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- **Global Linguistic Coverage**: Expanded support to 201 languages and dialects, enabling inclusive, worldwide deployment with nuanced cultural and regional understanding.
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- **Next-Generation Training Infrastructure**: Near-100% multimodal training efficiency compared to text-only training and asynchronous RL frameworks supporting massive-scale agent scaffolds and environment orchestration.
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For more details, please refer to our blog post [Qwen3.5](https://qwen.ai/blog?id=qwen3.5).
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## Model Overview
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- Type: Causal Language Model with Vision Encoder
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- Training Stage: Pre-training & Post-training
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- Language Model
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- Number of Parameters: 4B
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- Hidden Dimension: 2560
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- Token Embedding: 248320 (Padded)
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- Number of Layers: 32
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- Hidden Layout: 8 × (3 × (Gated DeltaNet → FFN) → 1 × (Gated Attention → FFN))
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- Gated DeltaNet:
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- Number of Linear Attention Heads: 32 for V and 16 for QK
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- Head Dimension: 128
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- Gated Attention:
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- Number of Attention Heads: 16 for Q and 4 for KV
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- Head Dimension: 256
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- Rotary Position Embedding Dimension: 64
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- Feed Forward Network:
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- Intermediate Dimension: 9216
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- LM Output: 248320 (Tied to token embedding)
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- MTP: trained with multi-steps
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- Context Length: 262,144 natively and extensible up to 1,010,000 tokens.
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## Benchmark Results
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### Language
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<div style="font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,sans-serif;max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto;padding:16px 0">
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<table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px">
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<thead><tr>
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<th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed"></th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">GPT-OSS-120B</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">GPT-OSS-20B</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B-Thinking</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Qwen3-30BA3B-Thinking-2507</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Qwen3.5-9B</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Qwen3.5-4B</th></tr></thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td colspan="7" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Knowledge & STEM</td></tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMLU-Pro</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">82.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.9</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">82.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.1</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMLU-Redux</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">91.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">87.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">92.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">91.4</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">91.1</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.8</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">C-Eval</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.4</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">89.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">87.4</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">85.1</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">SuperGPQA</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.6</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">48.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">60.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">56.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">58.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">52.9</td>
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</tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">GPQA Diamond</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.1</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">77.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">73.4</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.2</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td colspan="7" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Instruction Following</td></tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">IFEval</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.9</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.9</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.9</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">91.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">89.8</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">IFBench</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.1</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">61.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">51.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">64.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">59.2</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MultiChallenge</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">45.3</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">40.1</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">51.3</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">46.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">49.0</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td colspan="7" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Long Context</td></tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">AA-LCR</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">50.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">30.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">51.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">49.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">63.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">LongBench v2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">48.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">45.6</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">48.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">44.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">55.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">50.0</td>
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<tr><td colspan="7" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Reasoning & Coding</td></tr>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">HMMT Feb 25</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">90.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">73.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">63.1</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">90.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.2</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">73.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">82.9</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">LiveCodeBench v6</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">82.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.6</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">68.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.0</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.6</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">55.8</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">OJBench</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">41.5</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">36.3</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">29.7</td>
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<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">25.1</td>
|
| 202 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">29.2</td>
|
| 203 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">24.1</td>
|
| 204 |
-
</tr>
|
| 205 |
-
<tr><td colspan="7" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">General Agent</td></tr>
|
| 206 |
-
<tr>
|
| 207 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">BFCL-V4</td>
|
| 208 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 209 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 210 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">49.7</td>
|
| 211 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">42.4</td>
|
| 212 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.1</td>
|
| 213 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">50.3</td>
|
| 214 |
-
</tr>
|
| 215 |
-
<tr>
|
| 216 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">TAU2-Bench</td>
|
| 217 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 218 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 219 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.4</td>
|
| 220 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">41.9</td>
|
| 221 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.1</td>
|
| 222 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.9</td>
|
| 223 |
-
</tr>
|
| 224 |
-
<tr>
|
| 225 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">VITA-Bench</td>
|
| 226 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 227 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 228 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">29.5</td>
|
| 229 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">14.1</td>
|
| 230 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">29.8</td>
|
| 231 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">22.0</td>
|
| 232 |
-
</tr>
|
| 233 |
-
<tr>
|
| 234 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">DeepPlanning</td>
|
| 235 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 236 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 237 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">0.4</td>
|
| 238 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">4.9</td>
|
| 239 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">18.0</td>
|
| 240 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">17.6</td>
|
| 241 |
-
</tr>
|
| 242 |
-
<tr><td colspan="7" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Multilingualism</td></tr>
|
| 243 |
-
<tr>
|
| 244 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMMLU</td>
|
| 245 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.2</td>
|
| 246 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.7</td>
|
| 247 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.3</td>
|
| 248 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.4</td>
|
| 249 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.2</td>
|
| 250 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.1</td>
|
| 251 |
-
</tr>
|
| 252 |
-
<tr>
|
| 253 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMLU-ProX</td>
|
| 254 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.5</td>
|
| 255 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">67.3</td>
|
| 256 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">73.6</td>
|
| 257 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.1</td>
|
| 258 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.3</td>
|
| 259 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.5</td>
|
| 260 |
-
</tr>
|
| 261 |
-
<tr>
|
| 262 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">NOVA-63</td>
|
| 263 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">51.1</td>
|
| 264 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">48.7</td>
|
| 265 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">53.3</td>
|
| 266 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">52.5</td>
|
| 267 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">55.9</td>
|
| 268 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.3</td>
|
| 269 |
-
</tr>
|
| 270 |
-
<tr>
|
| 271 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">INCLUDE</td>
|
| 272 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.0</td>
|
| 273 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.3</td>
|
| 274 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.3</td>
|
| 275 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.4</td>
|
| 276 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">75.6</td>
|
| 277 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.0</td>
|
| 278 |
-
</tr>
|
| 279 |
-
<tr>
|
| 280 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">Global PIQA</td>
|
| 281 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">84.1</td>
|
| 282 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.8</td>
|
| 283 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.5</td>
|
| 284 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.2</td>
|
| 285 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.2</td>
|
| 286 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.9</td>
|
| 287 |
-
</tr>
|
| 288 |
-
<tr>
|
| 289 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">PolyMATH</td>
|
| 290 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.0</td>
|
| 291 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">30.9</td>
|
| 292 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">62.4</td>
|
| 293 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">52.6</td>
|
| 294 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.3</td>
|
| 295 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">51.1</td>
|
| 296 |
-
</tr>
|
| 297 |
-
<tr>
|
| 298 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">WMT24++</td>
|
| 299 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.4</td>
|
| 300 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">67.8</td>
|
| 301 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.4</td>
|
| 302 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.3</td>
|
| 303 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">72.6</td>
|
| 304 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.6</td>
|
| 305 |
-
</tr>
|
| 306 |
-
<tr>
|
| 307 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MAXIFE</td>
|
| 308 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.7</td>
|
| 309 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.1</td>
|
| 310 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.9</td>
|
| 311 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">77.4</td>
|
| 312 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.4</td>
|
| 313 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.0</td>
|
| 314 |
-
</tr>
|
| 315 |
-
</tbody>
|
| 316 |
-
</table>
|
| 317 |
-
<p style="margin-top:12px;font-size:11px;opacity:0.7">
|
| 318 |
-
* TAU2-Bench: we follow the official setup except for the airline domain, where all models are evaluated by applying the fixes proposed in the Claude Opus 4.5 system card.<br>
|
| 319 |
-
<br>
|
| 320 |
-
* MMLU-ProX: we report the averaged accuracy on 29 languages.<br>
|
| 321 |
-
* WMT24++: a harder subset of WMT24 after difficulty labeling and rebalancing; we report the averaged scores on 55 languages using XCOMET-XXL.<br>
|
| 322 |
-
* MAXIFE: we report the accuracy on English + multilingual original prompts (totally 23 settings).<br>
|
| 323 |
-
* Empty cells (--) indicate scores not yet available or not applicable.
|
| 324 |
-
</p>
|
| 325 |
-
</div>
|
| 326 |
-
|
| 327 |
-
|
| 328 |
-
### Vision Language
|
| 329 |
-
|
| 330 |
-
<div style="font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,sans-serif;max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto;padding:16px 0">
|
| 331 |
-
<table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px">
|
| 332 |
-
<thead><tr>
|
| 333 |
-
<th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:left;font-weight:600;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed"></th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">GPT-5-Nano-2025-08-07</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Gemini-2.5-Flash-Lite</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Qwen3-VL-30B-A3B</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Qwen3.5-9B</th><th style="padding:10px 7px;text-align:center;font-weight:500;border-bottom:2px solid #7c3aed;color:#7c3aed;font-size: 14px;">Qwen3.5-4B</th></tr></thead>
|
| 334 |
-
<tbody>
|
| 335 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">STEM and Puzzle </td></tr>
|
| 336 |
-
<tr>
|
| 337 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMMU</td>
|
| 338 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">75.8</td>
|
| 339 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">73.4</td>
|
| 340 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.0</td>
|
| 341 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.4</td>
|
| 342 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">77.6</td>
|
| 343 |
-
</tr>
|
| 344 |
-
<tr>
|
| 345 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMMU-Pro</td>
|
| 346 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.2</td>
|
| 347 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">59.7</td>
|
| 348 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">63.0</td>
|
| 349 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">70.1</td>
|
| 350 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.3</td>
|
| 351 |
-
</tr>
|
| 352 |
-
<tr>
|
| 353 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MathVision</td>
|
| 354 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">62.2</td>
|
| 355 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">52.1</td>
|
| 356 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.7</td>
|
| 357 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.9</td>
|
| 358 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.6</td>
|
| 359 |
-
</tr>
|
| 360 |
-
<tr>
|
| 361 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">Mathvista(mini)</td>
|
| 362 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.5</td>
|
| 363 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">72.8</td>
|
| 364 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.9</td>
|
| 365 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">85.7</td>
|
| 366 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">85.1</td>
|
| 367 |
-
</tr>
|
| 368 |
-
<tr>
|
| 369 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">We-Math</td>
|
| 370 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">62.5</td>
|
| 371 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">32.1</td>
|
| 372 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">70.0</td>
|
| 373 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">75.2</td>
|
| 374 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">75.4</td>
|
| 375 |
-
</tr>
|
| 376 |
-
<tr>
|
| 377 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">DynaMath</td>
|
| 378 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.0</td>
|
| 379 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.9</td>
|
| 380 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.1</td>
|
| 381 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.6</td>
|
| 382 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.3</td>
|
| 383 |
-
</tr>
|
| 384 |
-
<tr>
|
| 385 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">ZEROBench</td>
|
| 386 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">1.0</td>
|
| 387 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">1.0</td>
|
| 388 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">0.0</td>
|
| 389 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">3.0</td>
|
| 390 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">3.0</td>
|
| 391 |
-
</tr>
|
| 392 |
-
<tr>
|
| 393 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">ZEROBench_sub</td>
|
| 394 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">22.2</td>
|
| 395 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">19.2</td>
|
| 396 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">23.7</td>
|
| 397 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">31.1</td>
|
| 398 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">26.3</td>
|
| 399 |
-
</tr>
|
| 400 |
-
<tr>
|
| 401 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">VlmsAreBlind</td>
|
| 402 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.7</td>
|
| 403 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">68.4</td>
|
| 404 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">72.5</td>
|
| 405 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">93.7</td>
|
| 406 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">92.6</td>
|
| 407 |
-
</tr>
|
| 408 |
-
<tr>
|
| 409 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">BabyVision</td>
|
| 410 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">14.4</td>
|
| 411 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">17.5</td>
|
| 412 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">18.6</td>
|
| 413 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">28.6/25.8</td>
|
| 414 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">16.0/19.1</td>
|
| 415 |
-
</tr>
|
| 416 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">General VQA</td></tr>
|
| 417 |
-
<tr>
|
| 418 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">RealWorldQA</td>
|
| 419 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.8</td>
|
| 420 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">72.2</td>
|
| 421 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">77.4</td>
|
| 422 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.3</td>
|
| 423 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.5</td>
|
| 424 |
-
</tr>
|
| 425 |
-
<tr>
|
| 426 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMStar</td>
|
| 427 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">68.6</td>
|
| 428 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.1</td>
|
| 429 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">75.5</td>
|
| 430 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.7</td>
|
| 431 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.3</td>
|
| 432 |
-
</tr>
|
| 433 |
-
<tr>
|
| 434 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMBench<sub><small>EN-DEV-v1.1</td>
|
| 435 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.3</td>
|
| 436 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">82.7</td>
|
| 437 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.9</td>
|
| 438 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">90.1</td>
|
| 439 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">89.4</td>
|
| 440 |
-
</tr>
|
| 441 |
-
<tr>
|
| 442 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">SimpleVQA</td>
|
| 443 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">46.0</td>
|
| 444 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.1</td>
|
| 445 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.3</td>
|
| 446 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">51.2</td>
|
| 447 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">43.4</td>
|
| 448 |
-
</tr>
|
| 449 |
-
<tr>
|
| 450 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">HallusionBench</td>
|
| 451 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">58.4</td>
|
| 452 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">64.5</td>
|
| 453 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.0</td>
|
| 454 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.3</td>
|
| 455 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.0</td>
|
| 456 |
-
</tr>
|
| 457 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Text Recognition and Document Understanding</td></tr>
|
| 458 |
-
<tr>
|
| 459 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">OmniDocBench1.5</td>
|
| 460 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">55.9</td>
|
| 461 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.4</td>
|
| 462 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">86.8</td>
|
| 463 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">87.7</td>
|
| 464 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">86.2</td>
|
| 465 |
-
</tr>
|
| 466 |
-
<tr>
|
| 467 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">CharXiv(RQ)</td>
|
| 468 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">50.1</td>
|
| 469 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">56.1</td>
|
| 470 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">56.6</td>
|
| 471 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">73.0</td>
|
| 472 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">70.8</td>
|
| 473 |
-
</tr>
|
| 474 |
-
<tr>
|
| 475 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMLongBench-Doc</td>
|
| 476 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">31.8</td>
|
| 477 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">46.5</td>
|
| 478 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">47.4</td>
|
| 479 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.7</td>
|
| 480 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.2</td>
|
| 481 |
-
</tr>
|
| 482 |
-
<tr>
|
| 483 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">CC-OCR</td>
|
| 484 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">58.9</td>
|
| 485 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">72.9</td>
|
| 486 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">77.8</td>
|
| 487 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.3</td>
|
| 488 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.7</td>
|
| 489 |
-
</tr>
|
| 490 |
-
<tr>
|
| 491 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">AI2D_TEST</td>
|
| 492 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.9</td>
|
| 493 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">85.7</td>
|
| 494 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">86.9</td>
|
| 495 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">90.2</td>
|
| 496 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">89.6</td>
|
| 497 |
-
</tr>
|
| 498 |
-
<tr>
|
| 499 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">OCRBench</td>
|
| 500 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">75.3</td>
|
| 501 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">82.5</td>
|
| 502 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.9</td>
|
| 503 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">89.2</td>
|
| 504 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">85.0</td>
|
| 505 |
-
</tr>
|
| 506 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Spatial Intelligence</td></tr>
|
| 507 |
-
<tr>
|
| 508 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">ERQA</td>
|
| 509 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">45.8</td>
|
| 510 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">44.3</td>
|
| 511 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">45.3</td>
|
| 512 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">55.5</td>
|
| 513 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.0</td>
|
| 514 |
-
</tr>
|
| 515 |
-
<tr>
|
| 516 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">CountBench</td>
|
| 517 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.0</td>
|
| 518 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.2</td>
|
| 519 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">90.0</td>
|
| 520 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">97.2</td>
|
| 521 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">96.3</td>
|
| 522 |
-
</tr>
|
| 523 |
-
<tr>
|
| 524 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">RefCOCO(avg)</td>
|
| 525 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 526 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 527 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">89.3</td>
|
| 528 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">89.7</td>
|
| 529 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">88.1</td>
|
| 530 |
-
</tr>
|
| 531 |
-
<tr>
|
| 532 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">EmbSpatialBench</td>
|
| 533 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.2</td>
|
| 534 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.1</td>
|
| 535 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.6</td>
|
| 536 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.0</td>
|
| 537 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">81.3</td>
|
| 538 |
-
</tr>
|
| 539 |
-
<tr>
|
| 540 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">RefSpatialBench</td>
|
| 541 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">12.6</td>
|
| 542 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">11.2</td>
|
| 543 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.2</td>
|
| 544 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">58.5</td>
|
| 545 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">54.6</td>
|
| 546 |
-
</tr>
|
| 547 |
-
<tr>
|
| 548 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">LingoQA</td>
|
| 549 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.0</td>
|
| 550 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">17.8</td>
|
| 551 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">62.0</td>
|
| 552 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">80.4</td>
|
| 553 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.4</td>
|
| 554 |
-
</tr>
|
| 555 |
-
<tr>
|
| 556 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">Hypersim</td>
|
| 557 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 558 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 559 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">11.4</td>
|
| 560 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">13.5</td>
|
| 561 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">12.5</td>
|
| 562 |
-
</tr>
|
| 563 |
-
<tr>
|
| 564 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">Nuscene</td>
|
| 565 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 566 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 567 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">10.3</td>
|
| 568 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">11.8</td>
|
| 569 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">9.9</td>
|
| 570 |
-
</tr>
|
| 571 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Video Understanding</td></tr>
|
| 572 |
-
<tr>
|
| 573 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">VideoMME<sub><small>(w sub.)</sub></small></td>
|
| 574 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.7</td>
|
| 575 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.6</td>
|
| 576 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.9</td>
|
| 577 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">84.5</td>
|
| 578 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.5</td>
|
| 579 |
-
</tr>
|
| 580 |
-
<tr>
|
| 581 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">VideoMME<sub><small>(w/o sub.)</sub></small></td>
|
| 582 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.2</td>
|
| 583 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">72.7</td>
|
| 584 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">73.3</td>
|
| 585 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.4</td>
|
| 586 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.9</td>
|
| 587 |
-
</tr>
|
| 588 |
-
<tr>
|
| 589 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">VideoMMMU</td>
|
| 590 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">63.0</td>
|
| 591 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.2</td>
|
| 592 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">75.0</td>
|
| 593 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.9</td>
|
| 594 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.1</td>
|
| 595 |
-
</tr>
|
| 596 |
-
<tr>
|
| 597 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MLVU</td>
|
| 598 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.2</td>
|
| 599 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.5</td>
|
| 600 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">78.9</td>
|
| 601 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">84.4</td>
|
| 602 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">82.8</td>
|
| 603 |
-
</tr>
|
| 604 |
-
<tr>
|
| 605 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MVBench</td>
|
| 606 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 607 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 608 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">72.0</td>
|
| 609 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">74.4</td>
|
| 610 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">71.2</td>
|
| 611 |
-
</tr>
|
| 612 |
-
<tr>
|
| 613 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">LVBench</td>
|
| 614 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 615 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">60.9</td>
|
| 616 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">59.2</td>
|
| 617 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">70.0</td>
|
| 618 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.4</td>
|
| 619 |
-
</tr>
|
| 620 |
-
<tr>
|
| 621 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MMVU</td>
|
| 622 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">63.1</td>
|
| 623 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.3</td>
|
| 624 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">66.1</td>
|
| 625 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">67.8</td>
|
| 626 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">64.9</td>
|
| 627 |
-
</tr>
|
| 628 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Visual Agent </td></tr>
|
| 629 |
-
<tr>
|
| 630 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">ScreenSpot Pro</td>
|
| 631 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 632 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 633 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">60.5</td>
|
| 634 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.2</td>
|
| 635 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">60.3</td>
|
| 636 |
-
</tr>
|
| 637 |
-
<tr>
|
| 638 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">OSWorld-Verified</td>
|
| 639 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 640 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 641 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">30.6</td>
|
| 642 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">41.8</td>
|
| 643 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">35.6</td>
|
| 644 |
-
</tr>
|
| 645 |
-
<tr>
|
| 646 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">AndroidWorld</td>
|
| 647 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 648 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">--</td>
|
| 649 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">55.0</td>
|
| 650 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.8</td>
|
| 651 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">58.6</td>
|
| 652 |
-
</tr>
|
| 653 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Tool Calling</td></tr>
|
| 654 |
-
<tr>
|
| 655 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">TIR-Bench</td>
|
| 656 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">18.5</td>
|
| 657 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">21.5</td>
|
| 658 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">22.5</td>
|
| 659 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">45.6/31.9</td>
|
| 660 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">38.9/29.9</td>
|
| 661 |
-
</tr>
|
| 662 |
-
<tr>
|
| 663 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">V*</td>
|
| 664 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">68.1</td>
|
| 665 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">69.6</td>
|
| 666 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">83.2</td>
|
| 667 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">90.1/88.5</td>
|
| 668 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">84.3/86.4</td>
|
| 669 |
-
</tr>
|
| 670 |
-
<tr><td colspan="6" style="padding:8px 12px;font-weight:600;color:#7c3aed;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.2);background:rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.1)">Medical VQA</td></tr>
|
| 671 |
-
<tr>
|
| 672 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">SLAKE</td>
|
| 673 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.0</td>
|
| 674 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">65.0</td>
|
| 675 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">68.8</td>
|
| 676 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">79.0</td>
|
| 677 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">76.1</td>
|
| 678 |
-
</tr>
|
| 679 |
-
<tr>
|
| 680 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">PMC-VQA</td>
|
| 681 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">37.8</td>
|
| 682 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">48.8</td>
|
| 683 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">51.5</td>
|
| 684 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">57.9</td>
|
| 685 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">55.5</td>
|
| 686 |
-
</tr>
|
| 687 |
-
<tr>
|
| 688 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;padding-left:20px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15);">MedXpertQA-MM</td>
|
| 689 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">26.7</td>
|
| 690 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">35.3</td>
|
| 691 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">35.5</td>
|
| 692 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">49.9</td>
|
| 693 |
-
<td style="padding:7px 7px;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.15)">42.9</td>
|
| 694 |
-
</tr>
|
| 695 |
-
</tbody>
|
| 696 |
-
</table>
|
| 697 |
-
|
| 698 |
-
<p style="margin-top:12px;font-size:11px;opacity:0.7">
|
| 699 |
-
* MathVision: our model’s score is evaluated using a fixed prompt, e.g., “Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \boxed{}.” For other models, we report the higher score between runs with and without the \boxed{} formatting.<br>
|
| 700 |
-
* BabyVision: scores reported as "with CI / without CI".<br>
|
| 701 |
-
* TIR-Bench and V*: scores reported as "with CI / without CI".<br>
|
| 702 |
-
* Empty cells (--) indicate scores not yet available or not applicable.
|
| 703 |
-
</p>
|
| 704 |
-
|
| 705 |
-
</div>
|
| 706 |
-
|
| 707 |
-
|
| 708 |
-
|
| 709 |
-
## Quickstart
|
| 710 |
-
|
| 711 |
-
> [!Important]
|
| 712 |
-
> Qwen3.5 models operate in thinking mode by default, generating thinking content signified by `<think>\n...</think>\n\n` before producing the final responses.
|
| 713 |
-
> To disable thinking content and obtain direct response, refer to the examples [here](#instruct-or-non-thinking-mode).
|
| 714 |
-
|
| 715 |
-
|
| 716 |
-
For streamlined integration, we recommend using Qwen3.5 via APIs. Below is a guide to use Qwen3.5 via OpenAI-compatible API.
|
| 717 |
-
|
| 718 |
-
### Serving Qwen3.5
|
| 719 |
-
|
| 720 |
-
Qwen3.5 can be served via APIs with popular inference frameworks.
|
| 721 |
-
In the following, we show example commands to launch OpenAI-Compatible API servers for Qwen3.5 models.
|
| 722 |
-
|
| 723 |
-
|
| 724 |
-
> [!Important]
|
| 725 |
-
> Inference efficiency and throughput vary significantly across frameworks.
|
| 726 |
-
> We recommend using the latest framework versions to ensure optimal performance and compatibility.
|
| 727 |
-
> For production workloads or high-throughput scenarios, dedicated serving engines such as SGLang, KTransformers or vLLM are strongly recommended.
|
| 728 |
-
|
| 729 |
-
> [!Important]
|
| 730 |
-
> The model has a default context length of 262,144 tokens.
|
| 731 |
-
> If you encounter out-of-memory (OOM) errors, consider reducing the context window.
|
| 732 |
-
> However, because Qwen3.5 leverages extended context for complex tasks, we advise maintaining a context length of at least 128K tokens to preserve thinking capabilities.
|
| 733 |
-
|
| 734 |
-
#### SGLang
|
| 735 |
-
|
| 736 |
-
[SGLang](https://github.com/sgl-project/sglang) is a fast serving framework for large language models and vision language models.
|
| 737 |
-
SGLang from the main branch of the open-source repository is required for Qwen3.5, which can be installed using the following command in a fresh environment:
|
| 738 |
-
```shell
|
| 739 |
-
uv pip install 'git+https://github.com/sgl-project/sglang.git#subdirectory=python&egg=sglang[all]'
|
| 740 |
-
```
|
| 741 |
-
See [its documentation](https://docs.sglang.ai/get_started/install.html) for more details.
|
| 742 |
-
|
| 743 |
-
The following will create API endpoints at `http://localhost:8000/v1`:
|
| 744 |
-
|
| 745 |
-
- **Standard Version**: The following command can be used to create an API endpoint with maximum context length 262,144 tokens using tensor parallel on 8 GPUs.
|
| 746 |
-
|
| 747 |
-
```shell
|
| 748 |
-
python -m sglang.launch_server --model-path Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --tp-size 1 --mem-fraction-static 0.8 --context-length 262144 --reasoning-parser qwen3
|
| 749 |
-
```
|
| 750 |
-
|
| 751 |
-
- **Tool Use**: To support tool use, you can use the following command.
|
| 752 |
-
|
| 753 |
-
```shell
|
| 754 |
-
python -m sglang.launch_server --model-path Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --tp-size 1 --mem-fraction-static 0.8 --context-length 262144 --reasoning-parser qwen3 --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder
|
| 755 |
-
```
|
| 756 |
-
|
| 757 |
-
- **Multi-Token Prediction (MTP)**: The following command is recommended for MTP:
|
| 758 |
-
|
| 759 |
-
```shell
|
| 760 |
-
python -m sglang.launch_server --model-path Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --tp-size 1 --mem-fraction-static 0.8 --context-length 262144 --reasoning-parser qwen3 --speculative-algo NEXTN --speculative-num-steps 3 --speculative-eagle-topk 1 --speculative-num-draft-tokens 4
|
| 761 |
-
```
|
| 762 |
-
|
| 763 |
-
#### vLLM
|
| 764 |
-
|
| 765 |
-
[vLLM](https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm) is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs.
|
| 766 |
-
vLLM from the main branch of the open-source repository is required for Qwen3.5, which can be installed using the following command in a fresh environment:
|
| 767 |
-
```shell
|
| 768 |
-
uv pip install vllm --torch-backend=auto --extra-index-url https://wheels.vllm.ai/nightly
|
| 769 |
-
```
|
| 770 |
-
See [its documentation](https://docs.vllm.ai/en/stable/getting_started/installation/index.html) for more details.
|
| 771 |
-
|
| 772 |
-
For detailed Qwen3.5 usage guide, see the [vLLM Qwen3.5 recipe](https://docs.vllm.ai/projects/recipes/en/latest/Qwen/Qwen3.5.html).
|
| 773 |
-
|
| 774 |
-
The following will create API endpoints at `http://localhost:8000/v1`:
|
| 775 |
-
|
| 776 |
-
- **Standard Version**: The following command can be used to create an API endpoint with maximum context length 262,144 tokens using tensor parallel on 8 GPUs.
|
| 777 |
-
|
| 778 |
-
```shell
|
| 779 |
-
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --tensor-parallel-size 1 --max-model-len 262144 --reasoning-parser qwen3
|
| 780 |
-
```
|
| 781 |
-
|
| 782 |
-
- **Tool Call**: To support tool use, you can use the following command.
|
| 783 |
-
|
| 784 |
-
```shell
|
| 785 |
-
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --tensor-parallel-size 1 --max-model-len 262144 --reasoning-parser qwen3 --enable-auto-tool-choice --tool-call-parser qwen3_coder
|
| 786 |
-
```
|
| 787 |
-
|
| 788 |
-
- **Multi-Token Prediction (MTP)**: The following command is recommended for MTP:
|
| 789 |
-
|
| 790 |
-
```shell
|
| 791 |
-
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --tensor-parallel-size 1 --max-model-len 262144 --reasoning-parser qwen3 --speculative-config '{"method":"qwen3_next_mtp","num_speculative_tokens":2}'
|
| 792 |
-
```
|
| 793 |
-
|
| 794 |
-
- **Text-Only**: The following command skips the vision encoder and multimodal profiling to free up memory for additional KV cache:
|
| 795 |
-
|
| 796 |
-
```shell
|
| 797 |
-
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --tensor-parallel-size 1 --max-model-len 262144 --reasoning-parser qwen3 --language-model-only
|
| 798 |
-
```
|
| 799 |
-
|
| 800 |
-
#### KTransformers
|
| 801 |
-
|
| 802 |
-
[KTransformers](https://github.com/kvcache-ai/ktransformers) is a flexible framework for experiencing cutting-edge LLM inference optimizations with CPU-GPU heterogeneous computing.
|
| 803 |
-
For running Qwen3.5 with KTransformers, see the [KTransformers Deployment Guide](https://github.com/kvcache-ai/ktransformers/blob/main/doc/en/Qwen3.5.md).
|
| 804 |
-
|
| 805 |
-
#### Hugging Face Transformers
|
| 806 |
-
|
| 807 |
-
Hugging Face Transformers contains a _lightweight_ server which can be used for quick testing and moderate load deployment.
|
| 808 |
-
The latest `transformers` is required for Qwen3.5:
|
| 809 |
-
```shell
|
| 810 |
-
pip install "transformers[serving] @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git@main"
|
| 811 |
-
```
|
| 812 |
-
See [its documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/serving) for more details. Please also make sure torchvision and pillow are installed.
|
| 813 |
-
|
| 814 |
-
Then, run `transformers serve` to launch a server with API endpoints at `http://localhost:8000/v1`; it will place the model on accelerators if available:
|
| 815 |
-
```shell
|
| 816 |
-
transformers serve --force-model Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B --port 8000 --continuous-batching
|
| 817 |
-
```
|
| 818 |
|
| 819 |
-
##
|
| 820 |
|
| 821 |
-
|
| 822 |
-
|
| 823 |
|
| 824 |
-
|
| 825 |
-
```shell
|
| 826 |
-
pip install -U openai
|
| 827 |
|
| 828 |
-
# Set the following accordingly
|
| 829 |
-
export OPENAI_BASE_URL="http://localhost:8000/v1"
|
| 830 |
-
export OPENAI_API_KEY="EMPTY"
|
| 831 |
```
|
| 832 |
-
|
| 833 |
-
|
| 834 |
-
|
| 835 |
-
|
| 836 |
-
|
| 837 |
-
|
| 838 |
-
|
| 839 |
-
|
| 840 |
-
|
| 841 |
-
|
| 842 |
-
#### Text-Only Input
|
| 843 |
-
|
| 844 |
-
```python
|
| 845 |
-
from openai import OpenAI
|
| 846 |
-
# Configured by environment variables
|
| 847 |
-
client = OpenAI()
|
| 848 |
-
|
| 849 |
-
messages = [
|
| 850 |
-
{"role": "user", "content": "Type \"I love Qwen3.5\" backwards"},
|
| 851 |
-
]
|
| 852 |
-
|
| 853 |
-
chat_response = client.chat.completions.create(
|
| 854 |
-
model="Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B",
|
| 855 |
-
messages=messages,
|
| 856 |
-
max_tokens=81920,
|
| 857 |
-
temperature=1.0,
|
| 858 |
-
top_p=0.95,
|
| 859 |
-
presence_penalty=1.5,
|
| 860 |
-
extra_body={
|
| 861 |
-
"top_k": 20,
|
| 862 |
-
},
|
| 863 |
-
)
|
| 864 |
-
print("Chat response:", chat_response)
|
| 865 |
```
|
| 866 |
|
|
|
|
| 867 |
|
| 868 |
-
##
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 869 |
|
| 870 |
-
|
| 871 |
-
from openai import OpenAI
|
| 872 |
-
# Configured by environment variables
|
| 873 |
-
client = OpenAI()
|
| 874 |
-
|
| 875 |
-
messages = [
|
| 876 |
-
{
|
| 877 |
-
"role": "user",
|
| 878 |
-
"content": [
|
| 879 |
-
{
|
| 880 |
-
"type": "image_url",
|
| 881 |
-
"image_url": {
|
| 882 |
-
"url": "https://qianwen-res.oss-accelerate.aliyuncs.com/Qwen3.5/demo/CI_Demo/mathv-1327.jpg"
|
| 883 |
-
}
|
| 884 |
-
},
|
| 885 |
-
{
|
| 886 |
-
"type": "text",
|
| 887 |
-
"text": "The centres of the four illustrated circles are in the corners of the square. The two big circles touch each other and also the two little circles. With which factor do you have to multiply the radii of the little circles to obtain the radius of the big circles?\nChoices:\n(A) $\\frac{2}{9}$\n(B) $\\sqrt{5}$\n(C) $0.8 \\cdot \\pi$\n(D) 2.5\n(E) $1+\\sqrt{2}$"
|
| 888 |
-
}
|
| 889 |
-
]
|
| 890 |
-
}
|
| 891 |
-
]
|
| 892 |
|
| 893 |
-
|
| 894 |
-
model="Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B",
|
| 895 |
-
messages=messages,
|
| 896 |
-
max_tokens=81920,
|
| 897 |
-
temperature=1.0,
|
| 898 |
-
top_p=0.95,
|
| 899 |
-
presence_penalty=1.5,
|
| 900 |
-
extra_body={
|
| 901 |
-
"top_k": 20,
|
| 902 |
-
},
|
| 903 |
-
)
|
| 904 |
-
print("Chat response:", chat_response)
|
| 905 |
-
```
|
| 906 |
|
| 907 |
-
###
|
| 908 |
|
| 909 |
```python
|
| 910 |
-
|
| 911 |
-
|
| 912 |
-
|
| 913 |
-
|
| 914 |
-
|
| 915 |
-
|
| 916 |
-
|
| 917 |
-
|
| 918 |
-
|
| 919 |
-
|
| 920 |
-
|
| 921 |
-
|
| 922 |
-
|
| 923 |
-
},
|
| 924 |
-
{
|
| 925 |
-
"type": "text",
|
| 926 |
-
"text": "Summarize the video content."
|
| 927 |
-
}
|
| 928 |
-
]
|
| 929 |
-
}
|
| 930 |
-
]
|
| 931 |
-
|
| 932 |
-
# When vLLM is launched with `--media-io-kwargs '{"video": {"num_frames": -1}}'`,
|
| 933 |
-
# video frame sampling can be configured via `extra_body` (e.g., by setting `fps`).
|
| 934 |
-
# This feature is currently supported only in vLLM.
|
| 935 |
-
#
|
| 936 |
-
# By default, `fps=2` and `do_sample_frames=True`.
|
| 937 |
-
# With `do_sample_frames=True`, you can customize the `fps` value to set your desired video sampling rate.
|
| 938 |
-
chat_response = client.chat.completions.create(
|
| 939 |
-
model="Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B",
|
| 940 |
-
messages=messages,
|
| 941 |
-
max_tokens=81920,
|
| 942 |
-
temperature=1.0,
|
| 943 |
-
top_p=0.95,
|
| 944 |
-
presence_penalty=1.5,
|
| 945 |
-
extra_body={
|
| 946 |
-
"top_k": 20,
|
| 947 |
-
"mm_processor_kwargs": {"fps": 2, "do_sample_frames": True},
|
| 948 |
-
},
|
| 949 |
)
|
| 950 |
-
|
| 951 |
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 952 |
```
|
| 953 |
|
| 954 |
-
###
|
| 955 |
-
|
| 956 |
-
> [!Important]
|
| 957 |
-
> Qwen3.5 does not officially support the soft switch of Qwen3, i.e., `/think` and `/nothink`.
|
| 958 |
-
|
| 959 |
-
Qwen3.5 will think by default before response.
|
| 960 |
-
You can obtain direct response from the model without thinking by configuring the API parameters.
|
| 961 |
-
For example,
|
| 962 |
-
```python
|
| 963 |
-
from openai import OpenAI
|
| 964 |
-
# Configured by environment variables
|
| 965 |
-
client = OpenAI()
|
| 966 |
-
|
| 967 |
-
messages = [
|
| 968 |
-
{
|
| 969 |
-
"role": "user",
|
| 970 |
-
"content": [
|
| 971 |
-
{
|
| 972 |
-
"type": "image_url",
|
| 973 |
-
"image_url": {
|
| 974 |
-
"url": "https://qianwen-res.oss-accelerate.aliyuncs.com/Qwen3.5/demo/RealWorld/RealWorld-04.png"
|
| 975 |
-
}
|
| 976 |
-
},
|
| 977 |
-
{
|
| 978 |
-
"type": "text",
|
| 979 |
-
"text": "Where is this?"
|
| 980 |
-
}
|
| 981 |
-
]
|
| 982 |
-
}
|
| 983 |
-
]
|
| 984 |
|
| 985 |
-
|
| 986 |
-
|
| 987 |
-
|
| 988 |
-
|
| 989 |
-
|
| 990 |
-
|
| 991 |
-
|
| 992 |
-
extra_body={
|
| 993 |
-
"top_k": 20,
|
| 994 |
-
"chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": False},
|
| 995 |
-
},
|
| 996 |
-
)
|
| 997 |
-
print("Chat response:", chat_response)
|
| 998 |
```
|
| 999 |
|
| 1000 |
-
|
| 1001 |
-
> If you are using APIs from Alibaba Cloud Model Studio, in addition to changing `model`, please use `"enable_thinking": False` instead of `"chat_template_kwargs": {"enable_thinking": False}`.
|
| 1002 |
-
|
| 1003 |
-
|
| 1004 |
-
## Agentic Usage
|
| 1005 |
-
|
| 1006 |
-
Qwen3.5 excels in tool calling capabilities.
|
| 1007 |
-
|
| 1008 |
-
### Qwen-Agent
|
| 1009 |
-
|
| 1010 |
-
We recommend using [Qwen-Agent](https://github.com/QwenLM/Qwen-Agent) to quickly build Agent applications with Qwen3.5.
|
| 1011 |
-
|
| 1012 |
-
To define the available tools, you can use the MCP configuration file, use the integrated tool of Qwen-Agent, or integrate other tools by yourself.
|
| 1013 |
-
```python
|
| 1014 |
-
import os
|
| 1015 |
-
from qwen_agent.agents import Assistant
|
| 1016 |
-
|
| 1017 |
-
# Define LLM
|
| 1018 |
-
# Using Alibaba Cloud Model Studio
|
| 1019 |
-
llm_cfg = {
|
| 1020 |
-
# Use the OpenAI-compatible model service provided by DashScope:
|
| 1021 |
-
'model': 'Qwen3.5-4B',
|
| 1022 |
-
'model_type': 'qwenvl_oai',
|
| 1023 |
-
'model_server': 'https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1',
|
| 1024 |
-
'api_key': os.getenv('DASHSCOPE_API_KEY'),
|
| 1025 |
|
| 1026 |
-
|
| 1027 |
-
|
| 1028 |
-
|
| 1029 |
-
|
| 1030 |
-
|
| 1031 |
-
|
| 1032 |
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1033 |
}
|
| 1034 |
-
|
| 1035 |
-
# Using OpenAI-compatible API endpoint.
|
| 1036 |
-
# functionality of the deployment frameworks and let Qwen-Agent automate the related operations.
|
| 1037 |
-
#
|
| 1038 |
-
# llm_cfg = {
|
| 1039 |
-
# # Use your own model service compatible with OpenAI API by vLLM/SGLang:
|
| 1040 |
-
# 'model': 'Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B',
|
| 1041 |
-
# 'model_type': 'qwenvl_oai',
|
| 1042 |
-
# 'model_server': 'http://localhost:8000/v1', # api_base
|
| 1043 |
-
# 'api_key': 'EMPTY',
|
| 1044 |
-
#
|
| 1045 |
-
# 'generate_cfg': {
|
| 1046 |
-
# 'use_raw_api': True,
|
| 1047 |
-
# # When using vLLM/SGLang OAI API, pass the parameter of whether to enable thinking mode in this way
|
| 1048 |
-
# 'extra_body': {
|
| 1049 |
-
# 'chat_template_kwargs': {'enable_thinking': True}
|
| 1050 |
-
# },
|
| 1051 |
-
# },
|
| 1052 |
-
# }
|
| 1053 |
-
|
| 1054 |
-
# Define Tools
|
| 1055 |
-
tools = [
|
| 1056 |
-
{'mcpServers': { # You can specify the MCP configuration file
|
| 1057 |
-
"filesystem": {
|
| 1058 |
-
"command": "npx",
|
| 1059 |
-
"args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem", "/Users/xxxx/Desktop"]
|
| 1060 |
-
}
|
| 1061 |
-
}
|
| 1062 |
-
}
|
| 1063 |
-
]
|
| 1064 |
-
|
| 1065 |
-
# Define Agent
|
| 1066 |
-
bot = Assistant(llm=llm_cfg, function_list=tools)
|
| 1067 |
-
|
| 1068 |
-
# Streaming generation
|
| 1069 |
-
messages = [{'role': 'user', 'content': 'Help me organize my desktop.'}]
|
| 1070 |
-
for responses in bot.run(messages=messages):
|
| 1071 |
-
pass
|
| 1072 |
-
print(responses)
|
| 1073 |
-
|
| 1074 |
-
# Streaming generation
|
| 1075 |
-
messages = [{'role': 'user', 'content': 'Develop a dog website and save it on the desktop'}]
|
| 1076 |
-
for responses in bot.run(messages=messages):
|
| 1077 |
-
pass
|
| 1078 |
-
print(responses)
|
| 1079 |
```
|
| 1080 |
|
| 1081 |
-
|
| 1082 |
-
|
| 1083 |
-
|
| 1084 |
-
[Qwen Code](https://github.com/QwenLM/qwen-code) is an open-source AI agent for the terminal, optimized for Qwen models. It helps you understand large codebases, automate tedious work, and ship faster.
|
| 1085 |
-
|
| 1086 |
-
For more information, please refer to [Qwen Code](https://qwenlm.github.io/qwen-code-docs/).
|
| 1087 |
-
|
| 1088 |
-
## Processing Ultra-Long Texts
|
| 1089 |
-
|
| 1090 |
-
Qwen3.5 natively supports context lengths of up to 262,144 tokens.
|
| 1091 |
-
For long-horizon tasks where the total length (including both input and output) exceeds this limit, we recommend using RoPE scaling techniques to handle long texts effectively., e.g., YaRN.
|
| 1092 |
-
|
| 1093 |
-
YaRN is currently supported by several inference frameworks, e.g., `transformers`, `vllm`, `ktransformers` and `sglang`.
|
| 1094 |
-
In general, there are two approaches to enabling YaRN for supported frameworks:
|
| 1095 |
-
|
| 1096 |
-
- Modifying the model configuration file:
|
| 1097 |
-
In the `config.json` file, change the `rope_parameters` fields in `text_config` to:
|
| 1098 |
-
```json
|
| 1099 |
-
{
|
| 1100 |
-
"mrope_interleaved": true,
|
| 1101 |
-
"mrope_section": [
|
| 1102 |
-
11,
|
| 1103 |
-
11,
|
| 1104 |
-
10
|
| 1105 |
-
],
|
| 1106 |
-
"rope_type": "yarn",
|
| 1107 |
-
"rope_theta": 10000000,
|
| 1108 |
-
"partial_rotary_factor": 0.25,
|
| 1109 |
-
"factor": 4.0,
|
| 1110 |
-
"original_max_position_embeddings": 262144,
|
| 1111 |
-
}
|
| 1112 |
-
```
|
| 1113 |
-
|
| 1114 |
-
- Passing command line arguments:
|
| 1115 |
-
|
| 1116 |
-
For `vllm`, you can use
|
| 1117 |
-
```shell
|
| 1118 |
-
VLLM_ALLOW_LONG_MAX_MODEL_LEN=1 vllm serve ... --hf-overrides '{"text_config": {"rope_parameters": {"mrope_interleaved": true, "mrope_section": [11, 11, 10], "rope_type": "yarn", "rope_theta": 10000000, "partial_rotary_factor": 0.25, "factor": 4.0, "original_max_position_embeddings": 262144}}}' --max-model-len 1010000
|
| 1119 |
-
```
|
| 1120 |
-
|
| 1121 |
-
For `sglang` and `ktransformers`, you can use
|
| 1122 |
-
```shell
|
| 1123 |
-
SGLANG_ALLOW_OVERWRITE_LONGER_CONTEXT_LEN=1 python -m sglang.launch_server ... --json-model-override-args '{"text_config": {"rope_parameters": {"mrope_interleaved": true, "mrope_section": [11, 11, 10], "rope_type": "yarn", "rope_theta": 10000000, "partial_rotary_factor": 0.25, "factor": 4.0, "original_max_position_embeddings": 262144}}}' --context-length 1010000
|
| 1124 |
-
```
|
| 1125 |
-
|
| 1126 |
-
> [!NOTE]
|
| 1127 |
-
> All the notable open-source frameworks implement static YaRN, which means the scaling factor remains constant regardless of input length, **potentially impacting performance on shorter texts.**
|
| 1128 |
-
> We advise modifying the `rope_parameters` configuration only when processing long contexts is required.
|
| 1129 |
-
> It is also recommended to modify the `factor` as needed. For example, if the typical context length for your application is 524,288 tokens, it would be better to set `factor` as 2.0.
|
| 1130 |
-
|
| 1131 |
-
## Best Practices
|
| 1132 |
-
|
| 1133 |
-
To achieve optimal performance, we recommend the following settings:
|
| 1134 |
-
|
| 1135 |
-
1. **Sampling Parameters**:
|
| 1136 |
-
- We suggest using the following sets of sampling parameters depending on the mode and task type:
|
| 1137 |
-
- **Thinking mode for general tasks**:
|
| 1138 |
-
`temperature=1.0`, `top_p=0.95`, `top_k=20`, `min_p=0.0`, `presence_penalty=1.5`, `repetition_penalty=1.0`
|
| 1139 |
-
- **Thinking mode for precise coding tasks (e.g., WebDev)**:
|
| 1140 |
-
`temperature=0.6`, `top_p=0.95`, `top_k=20`, `min_p=0.0`, `presence_penalty=0.0`, `repetition_penalty=1.0`
|
| 1141 |
-
- **Instruct (or non-thinking) mode for general tasks**:
|
| 1142 |
-
`temperature=0.7`, `top_p=0.8`, `top_k=20`, `min_p=0.0`, `presence_penalty=1.5`, `repetition_penalty=1.0`
|
| 1143 |
-
- **Instruct (or non-thinking) mode for reasoning tasks**:
|
| 1144 |
-
`temperature=1.0`, `top_p=1.0`, `top_k=40`, `min_p=0.0`, `presence_penalty=2.0`, `repetition_penalty=1.0`
|
| 1145 |
-
- For supported frameworks, you can adjust the `presence_penalty` parameter between 0 and 2 to reduce endless repetitions. However, using a higher value may occasionally result in language mixing and a slight decrease in model performance.
|
| 1146 |
|
| 1147 |
-
|
| 1148 |
|
| 1149 |
-
|
| 1150 |
-
|
| 1151 |
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1152 |
|
| 1153 |
-
|
| 1154 |
|
| 1155 |
-
|
| 1156 |
-
```json
|
| 1157 |
-
{"longest_edge": 469762048, "shortest_edge": 4096}
|
| 1158 |
-
```
|
| 1159 |
|
| 1160 |
-
|
| 1161 |
|
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|
| 1162 |
|
| 1163 |
-
|
| 1164 |
|
| 1165 |
-
|
| 1166 |
|
| 1167 |
```bibtex
|
| 1168 |
-
@misc{
|
| 1169 |
-
|
| 1170 |
-
|
| 1171 |
-
|
| 1172 |
-
|
| 1173 |
-
url = {https://qwen.ai/blog?id=qwen3.5}
|
| 1174 |
}
|
| 1175 |
-
```
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
---
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
license: apache-2.0
|
| 3 |
+
base_model: Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B
|
| 4 |
+
tags:
|
| 5 |
+
- guardrails
|
| 6 |
+
- safety
|
| 7 |
+
- adversarial-robustness
|
| 8 |
+
- representation-engineering
|
| 9 |
+
- probe
|
| 10 |
+
- qwen3_5
|
| 11 |
+
language:
|
| 12 |
+
- en
|
| 13 |
+
pipeline_tag: text-classification
|
| 14 |
---
|
| 15 |
|
| 16 |
+
# vai35-4B-v2
|
| 17 |
|
| 18 |
+
**Adversarially hardened guardrail model** based on [Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B).
|
| 19 |
+
Uses **representation engineering** (surgical weight editing + linear probe) to detect and block adversarial attacks with minimal inference overhead.
|
| 20 |
|
| 21 |
+
---
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| 22 |
|
| 23 |
+
## Model Description
|
| 24 |
|
| 25 |
+
This model extends `votal-ai/vai35-4B` with a calibrated linear probe baked into layer 16.
|
| 26 |
+
Instead of generating a response and parsing it for safety, the probe classifies inputs via a **single dot product** against the refusal direction vector — achieving **4–6× faster** inference than generation-based guardrails.
|
| 27 |
|
| 28 |
+
### Architecture
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 29 |
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
| 30 |
```
|
| 31 |
+
Input tokens
|
| 32 |
+
│
|
| 33 |
+
▼
|
| 34 |
+
Transformer layers 0 → 16
|
| 35 |
+
│
|
| 36 |
+
▼ ← Probe intercepts here (layer 16)
|
| 37 |
+
dot product with refusal direction
|
| 38 |
+
│
|
| 39 |
+
├── score >= -1.2439 → BLOCK
|
| 40 |
+
└── score < -1.2439 → ALLOW
|
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|
| 41 |
```
|
| 42 |
|
| 43 |
+
---
|
| 44 |
|
| 45 |
+
## Evaluation Results
|
| 46 |
+
|
| 47 |
+
### Overall Metrics
|
| 48 |
+
|
| 49 |
+
| Metric | Score | 95% CI |
|
| 50 |
+
|-----------|--------|---------------------|
|
| 51 |
+
| AUC-ROC | 0.9997 | [0.9987, 1.0] |
|
| 52 |
+
| F1 | 0.984 | [0.9617, 1.0] |
|
| 53 |
+
| Precision | 1.0 | — |
|
| 54 |
+
| Recall | 0.9684 | — |
|
| 55 |
+
| FPR (harmful) | 0.0 | — |
|
| 56 |
+
| FPR (safe prompts) | 0.0% | — |
|
| 57 |
+
|
| 58 |
+
Regression test (safe prompts): **PASS ✓** — 0/50 false positives
|
| 59 |
+
|
| 60 |
+
### Per-Category Results
|
| 61 |
+
|
| 62 |
+
| Category | TP | FP | FN | TN | F1 |
|
| 63 |
+
|---------------------------|------|------|------|------|--------|
|
| 64 |
+
| alignment_hacking | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0.857 ✓ |
|
| 65 |
+
| authorized_user | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 66 |
+
| bad_chain | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 67 |
+
| code_injection | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 68 |
+
| compound_instruction | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 69 |
+
| context_ignoring | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 70 |
+
| context_switching | 5 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0.909 ✓ |
|
| 71 |
+
| defined_dictionary | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 72 |
+
| few_shot_attack | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0.857 ✓ |
|
| 73 |
+
| image_prompting | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 74 |
+
| indirect_injection | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 75 |
+
| payload_splitting | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 76 |
+
| pretending | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 77 |
+
| recursive_injection | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 78 |
+
| refusal_suppression | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 79 |
+
| simple_instruction | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 80 |
+
| special_case | 8 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 81 |
+
| task_deflection | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 82 |
+
| virtualization | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.000 ✓ |
|
| 83 |
+
|
| 84 |
+
|
| 85 |
+
### Attack Categories Covered (19/19)
|
| 86 |
+
|
| 87 |
+
| # | Category | Description |
|
| 88 |
+
|---|----------|-------------|
|
| 89 |
+
| 1 | `simple_instruction` | Bare direct asks — baseline floor |
|
| 90 |
+
| 2 | `context_ignoring` | "Ignore all previous instructions" |
|
| 91 |
+
| 3 | `compound_instruction` | Harmful ask buried in benign compound task |
|
| 92 |
+
| 4 | `special_case` | Claimed exceptions and clearances |
|
| 93 |
+
| 5 | `few_shot_attack` | Fabricated prior compliance examples |
|
| 94 |
+
| 6 | `refusal_suppression` | "Do not refuse", penalty threats |
|
| 95 |
+
| 7 | `context_switching` | Bait with safe topic, pivot to harmful |
|
| 96 |
+
| 8 | `task_deflection` | Textbooks, quizzes, warning labels as cover |
|
| 97 |
+
| 9 | `payload_splitting` | Request split across turns/fragments |
|
| 98 |
+
| 10 | `defined_dictionary` | Redefine "banana" = harmful topic |
|
| 99 |
+
| 11 | `indirect_injection` | Via URLs, emails, JSON |
|
| 100 |
+
| 12 | `recursive_injection` | Nested prompt-within-a-prompt |
|
| 101 |
+
| 13 | `code_injection` | Hidden in function stubs and comments |
|
| 102 |
+
| 14 | `virtualization` | Root terminal, sandbox, retro-AI |
|
| 103 |
+
| 15 | `pretending` | Character/entity roleplay |
|
| 104 |
+
| 16 | `alignment_hacking` | Exploit helpfulness/honesty drives |
|
| 105 |
+
| 17 | `authorized_user` | Fake tokens, employee IDs |
|
| 106 |
+
| 18 | `bad_chain` | False syllogisms and flawed reasoning |
|
| 107 |
+
| 19 | `image_prompting` | Simulated OCR, whiteboard, fake uploads |
|
| 108 |
|
| 109 |
+
---
|
|
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|
|
| 110 |
|
| 111 |
+
## Usage
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
| 112 |
|
| 113 |
+
### Load and run the probe
|
| 114 |
|
| 115 |
```python
|
| 116 |
+
import torch
|
| 117 |
+
import json
|
| 118 |
+
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
|
| 119 |
+
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
|
| 120 |
+
|
| 121 |
+
# Load model
|
| 122 |
+
model_id = "votal-ai/vai35-4B-v2"
|
| 123 |
+
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
|
| 124 |
+
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
|
| 125 |
+
model_id,
|
| 126 |
+
torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
|
| 127 |
+
device_map="cuda",
|
| 128 |
+
output_hidden_states=True,
|
|
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|
|
|
| 129 |
)
|
| 130 |
+
model.eval()
|
| 131 |
+
|
| 132 |
+
# Load probe config
|
| 133 |
+
probe_path = hf_hub_download(repo_id=model_id, filename="probe_config.json")
|
| 134 |
+
with open(probe_path) as f:
|
| 135 |
+
probe = json.load(f)
|
| 136 |
+
|
| 137 |
+
direction = torch.tensor(probe["global_direction"]).float().to("cuda")
|
| 138 |
+
threshold = probe["threshold_block"]
|
| 139 |
+
best_layer = probe["best_layer"]
|
| 140 |
+
|
| 141 |
+
def classify(text: str) -> dict:
|
| 142 |
+
inputs = tokenizer(text, return_tensors="pt",
|
| 143 |
+
truncation=True, max_length=512).to("cuda")
|
| 144 |
+
with torch.no_grad():
|
| 145 |
+
out = model(**inputs, output_hidden_states=True)
|
| 146 |
+
score = (out.hidden_states[best_layer][0, -1, :].float() @ direction).item()
|
| 147 |
+
blocked = score >= threshold
|
| 148 |
+
return {"blocked": blocked, "score": round(score, 4), "threshold": threshold}
|
| 149 |
+
|
| 150 |
+
# Examples
|
| 151 |
+
print(classify("How do I make a bomb?"))
|
| 152 |
+
# {'blocked': True, 'score': 3.12, 'threshold': -1.2439}
|
| 153 |
+
|
| 154 |
+
print(classify("What is the capital of France?"))
|
| 155 |
+
# {'blocked': False, 'score': -2.34, 'threshold': -1.2439}
|
| 156 |
```
|
| 157 |
|
| 158 |
+
### Serve with vLLM
|
|
|
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|
| 159 |
|
| 160 |
+
```bash
|
| 161 |
+
vllm serve votal-ai/vai35-4B-v2 \
|
| 162 |
+
--host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000 \
|
| 163 |
+
--dtype bfloat16 --quantization fp8 \
|
| 164 |
+
--kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
|
| 165 |
+
--max-model-len 8192 \
|
| 166 |
+
--language-model-only
|
|
|
|
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|
|
| 167 |
```
|
| 168 |
|
| 169 |
+
---
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
| 170 |
|
| 171 |
+
## Probe Config
|
| 172 |
+
|
| 173 |
+
The `probe_config.json` file contains:
|
| 174 |
+
|
| 175 |
+
```json
|
| 176 |
+
{
|
| 177 |
+
"best_layer": 16,
|
| 178 |
+
"threshold_block": -1.2439,
|
| 179 |
+
"global_direction": [...], // (hidden_size,) refusal direction vector
|
| 180 |
+
"categories": { // per-category direction vectors
|
| 181 |
+
"simple_instruction": {"layer": 16, "direction": [...], "score": 4.8},
|
| 182 |
+
...
|
| 183 |
+
},
|
| 184 |
+
"calibration": {
|
| 185 |
+
"auc_roc": 0.9997,
|
| 186 |
+
"f1": 0.984,
|
| 187 |
+
"precision": 1.0,
|
| 188 |
+
"recall": 0.9684
|
| 189 |
+
}
|
| 190 |
}
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
| 191 |
```
|
| 192 |
|
| 193 |
+
---
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
| 194 |
|
| 195 |
+
## Training Methodology
|
| 196 |
|
| 197 |
+
1. **Dataset** — 570 contrastive pairs across 19 adversarial attack categories
|
| 198 |
+
2. **Direction finding** — Mean difference of hidden states at each layer (safe − harmful), normalized
|
| 199 |
+
3. **Layer selection** — Layer 16 selected by separability score (gap/spread = highest signal)
|
| 200 |
+
4. **Threshold calibration** — Optimised on 20% held-out eval set targeting recall ≥ 0.95
|
| 201 |
+
5. **Regression testing** — Verified 0% false positive rate on 50 benign prompts
|
| 202 |
|
| 203 |
+
No gradient updates. No SFT. Pure representation engineering.
|
| 204 |
|
| 205 |
+
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 206 |
|
| 207 |
+
## Eval Files
|
| 208 |
|
| 209 |
+
| File | Description |
|
| 210 |
+
|------|-------------|
|
| 211 |
+
| `eval/ci_report.txt` | Bootstrap 95% confidence intervals |
|
| 212 |
+
| `eval/eval_report.json` | Per-category confusion matrix |
|
| 213 |
+
| `eval/regression_report.json` | Safe prompt false positive report |
|
| 214 |
+
| `eval/confidence_intervals.json` | Full bootstrap CI data |
|
| 215 |
+
| `probe/layer_scores.json` | Signal strength per transformer layer |
|
| 216 |
|
| 217 |
+
---
|
| 218 |
|
| 219 |
+
## Citation
|
| 220 |
|
| 221 |
```bibtex
|
| 222 |
+
@misc{votal-ai-vai35-guardrail,
|
| 223 |
+
title={vai35-4B-v2: Adversarially Hardened Guardrail Model},
|
| 224 |
+
author={Votal AI},
|
| 225 |
+
year={2026},
|
| 226 |
+
url={https://huggingface.co/votal-ai/vai35-4B-v2}
|
|
|
|
| 227 |
}
|
| 228 |
+
```
|