# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Wrongful Dismissal | Sample Type: case_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

ject to the claim at the end of the 90-day period beginning
on the date on which the Archivist received notification
of the claim, unless otherwise directed by a court order in
an action initiated by the former President under section
2204(e) of this title or by a court order in another action
in any Federal court.
(d) The Archivist shall not make publicly available a
Presidential record (or reasonably segregable part of a re -
cord) that is subject to a privilege claim asserted by the
incumbent President unless—
(1) the incumbent President withdraws the privilege
claim; or
(2) the Archivist is otherwise directed by a final court
order that is not subject to appeal.
(e) The Archivist shall adjust any otherwise applicable
time period under this section as necessary to comply
[Page 54]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 45	with the return date of any congressional subpoena, judi -
cial subpoena, or judicial process.
§ 2209.  DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT FOR
OFFICIAL BUSINESS CONDUCTED USING


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Employment Contracts | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

NON-OFFICIAL ELECTRONIC MESSAGING
ACCOUNTS
(a) In general.—The President, the Vice President, or a
covered employee may not create or send a Presidential
or Vice Presidential record using a non-official electronic
message account unless the President, Vice President, or
covered employee—
(1) copies an official electronic messaging account of
the President, Vice President, or covered employee in
the original creation or transmission of the Presidential
record or Vice Presidential record; or
(2) forwards a complete copy of the Presidential or Vice
Presidential record to an official electronic messaging
account of the President, Vice President, or covered
employee not later than 20 days after the original
creation or transmission of the Presidential or Vice
Presidential record.
(b) Adverse actions.—The intentional violation of subsection (a) by a covered employee (including any
rules, regulations, or other implementing guidelines), as
determined by the appropriate supervisor, shall be a basis


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Wrongful Dismissal | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
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for disciplinary action in accordance with subchapter I, II,
or V of chapter 75 of title 5, as the case may be.
(c) Definitions.—In this section:
(1) Covered employee.—The term “covered employee”
means—
(A) the immediate staff of the President;
(B) the immediate staff of the Vice President;
(C) a unit or individual of the Executive Office of the
President whose function is to advise and assist the
President; and
(D) a unit or individual of the Office of the Vice
President whose function is to advise and assist the Vice
President.
(2) Electronic messages.—The term “electronic messag -
es” means electronic mail and other electronic messaging
systems that are used for purposes of communicating be -
tween individuals.
(3) Electronic messaging account.—The term “elec -
tronic messaging account” means any account that sends
electronic messages.
NATIONAL ARCHIVES TRUST FUND BOARD
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 23)
Sec.
2301. Establishment of Board; membership.
2302. Authority of the Board; seal; services; bylaws; rules;


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Employment Contracts | Sample Type: simple_qa
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

regulations; employees.
2303. Powers and obligations of Board; liability of mem -
bers.
2304. Compensation of members; availability of trust
funds for expenses of Board.
2305. Acceptance of gifts.
2306. Investment of funds.
2307. T rust Fund account; disbursements; sales of publi -
cations and releases.
2308. Tax exemption for gifts.
§ 2301. ESTABLISHMENT OF BOARD;
MEMBERSHIPThe National Archives Trust Fund Board shall consist
of the Archivist of the United States, as Chairman, and
the Secretary of the Treasury and the Chairman of the
National Endowment for the Humanities. Membership
on the Board is not an office within the meaning of the
statutes of the United States.
§ 2302. AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD; SEAL;
SERVICES; BYLAWS; RULES; REGULATIONS;
EMPLOYEES
In carrying out the purposes of this chapter, the Board—
(1) may adopt an official seal, which shall be judicially
noticed;
(2) may utilize on a reimbursable basis the services and
personnel of the National Archives and Records Adminis -


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

tration necessary (as determined by the Archivist) to assist
[Page 55]
46 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 47	the Board in the administration of the trust fund, and
in the preparation and publication of special works and
collections of sources and preparation, duplication, edit -
ing, and release of historical photographic materials and
sound recordings, and may utilize on a reimbursable basis
the services and personnel of other Federal agencies for
such purposes;
(3) may adopt bylaws, rules, and regulations necessary
for the administration of its functions under this chapter;
and
(4) may, subject to the laws and regulations govern -
ing appointments in the civil service, appoint and fix the
compensation of such personnel as may be necessary to
carry out its functions.
§ 2303. POWERS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE
BOARD; LIABILITY OF MEMBERS
Except as otherwise provided by this chapter, the Board
shall have all the usual powers and obligations of a trustee


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: case_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

with respect to property and funds administered by it, but
the members of the Board are not personally liable, except
for malfeasance.
§ 2304. COMPENSATION OF MEMBERS;
AVAILABILITY OF TRUST FUNDS FOR
EXPENSES OF THE BOARD
Compensation may not be paid to the members of the
Board for their services as members. Costs incurred by
the Board in carrying out its duties under this chapter,
including the obligations necessarily incurred by the
members of the Board in the performance of their duties
and the compensation of persons employed by the Board,
shall be paid by the Archivist of the United States from
trust funds available to the Board for this purpose. The
Board, by resolution, may authorize the transfer of funds
(including the principal or interest of a gift or bequest)
to the National Archives and Records Administration to
be expended on an archival or records activity approved
by the Board or to accomplish the purpose of a gift or
bequest.
§ 2305. ACCEPTANCE OF GIFTS


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: case_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

The Board may solicit and accept gifts or bequests of
money, securities, or other personal property, for the
benefit of or in connection with the national archival and
records activities administered by the National Archives and Records Administration. Moneys that are for deposit
into the trust fund shall be deposited within 10 working
days of the receipt thereof.
§ 2306. INVESTMENT OF FUNDS
The Secretary of the Treasury shall receipt for moneys or
securities composing trust funds given or bequeathed to
the Board and shall invest, reinvest, and retain the moneys
or securities as the Board from time to time determines.
The Board may not engage in business or exercise a voting
privilege which may be incidental to securities in such
trust funds, nor may the Secretary of the Treasury make
investments for the account of the Board which could not
lawfully be made by a trust company in the District of
Columbia, unless directly authorized by the instrument of


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

gift or bequest under which the funds to be invested are
derived, and may retain investments accepted by the Board.
§ 2307. TRUST FUND ACCOUNT;
DISBURSEMENTS; SALES OF PUBLICATIONS
AND RELEASES
The income from trust funds held by the Board and the
proceeds from the sale of securities and other personal
property, as and when collected, shall be covered into the
Treasury of the United States in a trust fund account to
be known as the National Archives Trust Fund, subject
to disbursement on the basis of certified vouchers of
the Archivist of the United States (or his designee) for
activities approved by the Board and in the interest of
the national archival and records activities administered
by the National Archives and Records Administration,
including but not restricted to the preparation and
publication of special works, and collections of sources
and the preparation, duplication, editing, and release of
historical photographic materials and sound recordings.


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Employment Contracts | Sample Type: legal_news_analysis
Difficulty: basic | Document Type: educational

The Archivist may sell publications and releases authorized
by this section and paid for out of the income derived
from trust funds at a price which will cover their cost, plus
10 percent, and moneys received from these sales shall
be paid into, administered, and expended as part of the
National Archives Trust Fund.
§ 2308. TAX EXEMPTION FOR GIFTS
Gifts and bequests received by the Board under this
chapter, and the income from them are exempt from
taxes.
[Page 56]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 47	NATIONAL HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS
and RECORDS COMMISSION
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 25)
Sec.
2501. Creation; composition; appointment and tenure;
meetings.
2502. Vacancies.
2503.  Executive director; staff; transportation expenses.
2504. Duties; authorization of grants for collection,
reproduction, and publication of documentary
source material.
2505. Special advisory committees; membership; reim -
bursement.
2506. Records to be kept by grantees.
§ 2501. CREATION; COMPOSITION;
APPOINTMENT AND TENURE; MEETINGS


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Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(a) The National Historical Publications and Records
Commission shall consist of 15 members as follows:
(1) the following ex officio members:
(A) the Archivist of the United States, who shall be
chairman;
(B) the Librarian of Congress (or an alternate designated
by the Librarian);
(C) one Senator, appointed by the President of the
Senate;
(D) one Representative, appointed by the Speaker of
the House of Representatives;
(E) one member of the judicial branch of the
Government, appointed by the Chief Justice of the
United States;
(F) one representative of the Department of State to be
appointed by the Secretary of State; and
(G) one representative of the Department of Defense to
be appointed by the Secretary of Defense;
(2) one member from each of the following
organizations, appointed by the governing council or
board of the respective organization:
(A) the American Historical Association;
(B) the Organization of American Historians;
(C) the Society of American Archivists;


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Topic: Contract Law - Formation | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(D) the American Association for State and Local History;(E) the Association for Documentary Editing; and
(F) the National Association for Government Archives
and Records Administrators; and
(3) two other members, outstanding in the fields of the
social or physical sciences, the arts, or archival or library
science, appointed by the President of the United States.
(b)(1)  The members appointed under subsection (a)
shall be appointed for not more than 2 terms of 4 years,
except that—
(A) a member appointed under subsection (a)(1)(D)
shall be appointed for not more than 4 terms of 2 years; and
(B) the Archivist and the Librarian of Congress are
permanent ex officio members.
(2) A member may continue to serve after the expiration
of a term until a successor has been appointed, but not to
exceed one year.
(c) The Commission shall meet at least annually and at
call of the Chairman.
(d) Recusal.—Members of the Commission shall recuse
themselves from voting on any matter that poses, or could


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Employment Contracts | Sample Type: educational
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

potentially pose, a conflict of interest, including a matter
that could benefit them or an entity they represent.
§ 2502. VACANCIES
A person appointed to fill a vacancy in the membership
of the Commission shall be appointed only for the
unexpired term of the member whom he succeeds, and
his appointment shall be made in the same manner as the
appointment of his predecessor.
§ 2503. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, STAFF,
TRANSPORTATION EXPENSES
(a) The Commission may appoint, without reference to
chapter 51 of title 5, an executive director. The Chairman
may appoint such other employees as may be necessary to
carry out the purposes of this chapter.
(b) Members of the Commission shall be allowed travel
expenses (including per diem allowance in lieu of sub -
sistence) in the same amount and to the same extent as
[Page 58]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 49	(v) has raised funds from non-Federal sources in
support of the efforts of the entity to promote the
historical preservation of, and public access to, such


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

historical works and collections of historical sources
in an amount equal to the amount of the grant the
entity seeks under this subsection;
(vi) shall coordinate with any relevant Federal pro -
gram or activity, including programs and activities
relating to Presidential archival depositories;
(vii) shall coordinate with any relevant non-Federal
program or activity, including programs and activi -
ties conducted by State and local governments and
private educational historical entities; and
(viii) has a workable plan for preserving and provid -
ing public access to such historical works and collec -
tions of historical sources.
(g)(1) For the purposes specified in this section, there
is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the National
Historical Publications and Records Commission—
(A) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 1989;
(B) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 1990;
(C) $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991,
1992, and 1993;
(D) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 1994;
(E) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1995;


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Contract Law - Remedies | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(F) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 1996;
(G) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1997;
(H) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
(I) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
(J) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2000;
(K) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2001;
(L) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2002;
(M) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
(N) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
(O) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2005;(P) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;
(Q) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
(R) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; and
(S) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2009.
(2) Amounts appropriated under this subsection shall
be available until expended when so provided in appro -
priation Acts.
§ 2505. SPECIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEES;
MEMBERSHIP; REIMBURSEMENT
The Commission may establish special advisory
committees to consult with and make recommendations
to it, from among the leading historians, political
scientists, archivists, librarians, and other specialists of the
Nation. Members of special advisory committees shall be


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Contract Law - Formation | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

reimbursed for transportation and other expenses on the
same basis as members of the Commission.
§ 2506. RECORDS TO BE KEPT BY GRANTEES
(a) Each recipient of grant assistance under section
2504 of this title shall keep such records as the Archivist
of the United States prescribes, including records which
fully disclose the amount and disposition by the recipient
of the proceeds of the grants, the total cost of the project
or undertaking in connection with which funds are given
or used, and the amount of that portion of the cost of the
project or undertaking supplied by other sources, and any
other records as will facilitate an effective audit.
(b) The Archivist and the Comptroller General of the
United States or their authorized representatives shall
have access for the purposes of audit and examination to
books, documents, papers, and records of the recipients
that are pertinent to the grants received under section
2504 of this title.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON THE RECORDS OF CONGRESS
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 27)


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Topic: Family Law - Child Custody | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: basic | Document Type: educational

Sec.
2701. Advisory Committee on the Records of Congress.
2702. Membership; chairman; meetings.
2703. Functions of the Committee.2704. Powers of the Committee.
2705. Compensation and travel expenses.
2706. Administrative provisions.
[Page 59]
50 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 51	§ 2701. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON THE
RECORDS OF CONGRESS
(a) There is established the Advisory Committee on the
Records of Congress (hereafter in this chapter referred to
as the Committee).
(b) The Committee shall be subject to the provisions
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.),
except that the Committee shall be of permanent dura -
tion, notwithstanding any provision of section 14 of the
Federal Advisory Committee Act.
§ 2702. MEMBERSHIP; CHAIRMAN; MEETINGS
(a)(1) The Committee shall consist of the eleven mem -
bers including—
(A) (i) the Secretary of the Senate;
(ii) the Clerk of the House of Representatives;
(iii) the Archivist of the United States;


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Topic: Contract Law - Formation | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

(iv) the Historian of the Senate; and
(v) the Historian of the House of Representatives; and
(B) six members of whom one shall be appointed by
each of the following:
(i) the Speaker of the House of Representatives;
(ii) the Minority Leader of the House of Represen -
tatives;
(iii) the Majority Leader of the Senate;
(iv) the Minority Leader of the Senate;
(v) the Secretary of the Senate; and
(vi) the Clerk of the House of Representatives.
(2) Each member appointed under paragraph (1)(B)
shall have knowledge or expertise in United States history,
archival management, publishing, library science, or use
of legislative records.
(b) The Secretary of the Senate shall serve as Chair -
man during the two-year period beginning on January 1,
1991, and the Clerk of the House of Representatives shall
serve as Chairman during the two-year period beginning
on January 1, 1993. Thereafter, such members shall alter -
nate serving as Chairman for a term of two years.
(c)(1) Members of the Committee referred to in subsec -


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Topic: Constitutional Law - Separation of Powers | Sample Type: ethical_reasoning
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

tion (a)(1)(A) shall serve only while holding such offices.
Members appointed to the Committee under subsection
(a)(1)(B) shall serve for a term of two years, and may be
reappointed without limitation. The initial appointments
for such terms shall begin on January 1, 1991.
(2) Any vacancy on the Committee shall not affect the
powers of the Committee. Any vacancy in an appoint -ed position on the Committee shall be filled in the same
manner in which the original appointment was made.
(d)(1) No later than thirty days after the date on which
the first session of the 102d Congress begins, the Com -
mittee shall hold its first meeting. Thereafter, the Com -
mittee shall meet semiannually or at the call of a majority
of its members.
(2) Seven members of the Committee shall constitute a
quorum, but a lesser number may hold hearings.
§ 2703. FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE
The Committee shall—
(1) review the management and preservation of the re -
cords of Congress;


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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

(2) report to and advise the Congress and the Archivist
of the United States on such management and preserva -
tion; and
(3)(A) no later than December 31, 1991, conduct a
study and submit a report to the Congress on—
(i) the effect any transfer of records of the National
Archives and Records Administration from facilities
located in Washington, D.C., to any location outside
of Washington, D.C., shall have on the management
and preservation of the records of Congress; and
(ii) the five year plan for the management and preser -
vation of the records of Congress; and
(B) no later than December 31, 1995, conduct a study
to update the report submitted under subparagraph (A)
(ii), and submit a report to the Congress.
§ 2704. POWERS OF THE COMMITTEE
(a) For purposes of carrying out the duties referred to
under section 2703, the Committee or, on the authori -
zation of the Committee, any subcommittee or member
thereof, may hold such hearings, sit and act at such times


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Contract Law - Remedies | Sample Type: hypothetical
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence
as is appropriate.
(b) The Committee may secure directly from any
department or agency of the United States such infor -
mation as the Committee may require to carry out the
duties referred to under section 2703. Upon request of
the Chairman of the Committee, the head of such de -
partment or agency shall furnish such information to the
Committee.
§ 2705. COMPENSATION AND TRAVEL
EXPENSES
[Page 60]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 51	A member of the Committee may not be paid
compensation for service performed as a member of the
Committee. However, members of the Committee shall
be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of
subsistence, at rates authorized for employees of agencies
under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States
Code, while away from their homes or regular places of
business in the performance of service for the Committee.
§ 2706. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS
(a) Upon request of the Committee, the head of any


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Topic: Employment Law - Wrongful Dismissal | Sample Type: legal_news_analysis
Difficulty: basic | Document Type: educational

Federal agency is authorized to detail to the Committee, on a nonreimbursable basis, any of the personnel of such
agency to assist the Committee in carrying out the du -
ties referred to under section 2703 and such detail shall
be without interruption or loss of civil service status or
privilege.
(b) For purposes of supporting the Committee, the Ar -
chivist may obtain the services of experts and consultants
in accordance with the provisions of section 3109 of title
5, United States Code, but at rates for individuals not to
exceed the daily equivalent of the minimum annual rate
of basic pay payable for GS-16 of the General Schedule
under section 5332 of such title.
RECORDS MANAGEMENT BY THE
ARCHIVIST OF THE UNITED STATES
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 29)
Sec.
2901. Definitions.
2901 note.   Records Center Revolving Fund.
2902. Objectives of records management.
2903. Custody and control of property.
2904. General responsibilities of Administrator.
2905. Establishment of Standards for selective retention


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Topic: Contract Law - Remedies | Sample Type: legal_dialogue
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

of records; security measures.
2906. Inspection of agency records.
2907.  Records centers and centralized microfilming ser -
vices.
2908. Regulations.
2909. Retention of records.
2910. Preservation of Freedmen’s Bureau records.
2911.  Disclosure requirement for official business con -
ducted using non-official electronic messaging ac -
counts.
§ 2901. DEFINITIONS
As used in this chapter, and chapters 21, 25, 31, and 33
of this title—
(1) the term “records” has the meaning given it by sec -
tion 3301 of this title;
(2) the term “records management” means the plan -
ning, controlling, directing, organizing, training, pro -moting, and other managerial activities involved with
respect to records creation, records maintenance and use,
and records disposition in order to achieve adequate and
proper documentation of the policies and transactions of
the Federal Government and effective and economical
management of agency operations;
(3) the term “records creation” means the production or
reproduction of any record;


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Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: case_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(4) the term “records maintenance and use” means any
activity involving—
(A) location of records of a Federal agency;
(B) storage, retrieval, and handling of records kept at
office file locations by or for a Federal agency;
(C) processing of mail by a Federal agency; or
(D) selection and utilization of equipment and supplies
associated with records and copying;
(5) the term “records disposition” means any activity
with respect to—
(A) disposal of temporary records no longer necessary
for the conduct of business by destruction or donation;
(B) transfer of records to Federal agency storage facili -
ties or records centers;
(C) transfer to the National Archives of the United
States of records determined to have sufficient histori -
cal or other value to warrant continued preservation; or
[Page 61]
52 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 53	(D) transfer of records from one Federal agency to any
other Federal agency;
(6) the term “records center” means an establishment


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Tort Law - Product Liability | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

maintained and operated by the Archivist or by another
Federal agency primarily for the storage, servicing, securi -
ty, and processing of records which need to be preserved
for varying periods of time and need not be retained in
office equipment or space;
(7) the term “records management study” means an
investigation and analysis of any Federal agency records,
or records management practices or programs (whether
manual or automated), with a view toward rendering
findings and recommendations with respect thereto;
(8) the term “inspection” means reviewing any Federal
agency’s records or records management practices or pro -
grams with respect to effectiveness and compliance with
records management laws and making necessary recom -
mendations for correction or improvement of records
management;
(9) the term “servicing” means making available for use
information in records and other materials in the custody
of the Archivist, or in a records center—
(A) by furnishing the records or other materials, or


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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: legal_dialogue
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information from them, or copies or reproductions
thereof, to any Federal agency for official use, or to the
public; or
(B) by making and furnishing authenticated or un -
authenticated copies or reproductions of the records or
other materials;
(10) the term “unauthenticated copies” means exact
copies or reproductions of records or other materials that
are not certified as such under seal and that need not be
legally accepted as evidence;
(11) the term “National Archives of the United States”
means those official records which have been determined by
the Archivist of the United States to have sufficient histor -
ical or other value to warrant their continued preservation
by the Federal Government, and which have been accepted
by the Archivist for deposit in the Archivist’s custody;
(12) the term “Archivist” means the Archivist of the
United States;
(13) the term “executive agency” shall have the mean -
ing given such term by section 102 of title 40;
(14) the term “Federal agency” means any executive


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Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: conversational
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

agency or any establishment in the legislative or judicial
branch of the Government (except the Supreme Court, the Senate, the House of Representatives, and the Archi -
tect of the Capitol and any activities under the direction
of the Architect of the Capitol); and
(15) the term “Administrator” means the Administrator
of General Services.
44 U.S.C. § 2901 NOTE. RECORDS CENTER
REVOLVING FUND
(a) Establishment of fund.—There is hereby established in
the Treasury a revolving fund to be available for expenses
(including expenses for uniforms or allowances for uniforms
as authorized by subchapter I of chapter 59 of title 5 [5
U.S.C.A. § 5901 et seq.]) and equipment necessary to provide
for storage and related services for all temporary and pre-
archival Federal records, which are to be stored or stored at
Federal National and Regional Records Centers by agencies
and other instrumentalities of the Federal Government. The
Fund shall be available without fiscal year limitation for


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: hypothetical
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

expenses necessary for operation of these activities.
(b) Start-up capital.—
(1) There is appropriated $22,000,000 as initial capital -
ization of the Fund.
(2) In addition, the initial capital of the Fund shall include
the fair and reasonable value at the Fund’s inception of
the inventories, equipment, receivables, and other assets,
less the liabilities, transferred to the Fund. The Archivist
of the United States is authorized to accept inventories,
equipment, receivables and other assets from other Federal
entities that were used to provide for storage and related
services for temporary and pre-archival Federal records.
(c) User charges.—The Fund shall be credited with user
charges received from other Federal Government accounts
as payment for providing personnel, storage, materials,
supplies, equipment, and services as authorized by
subsection (a). Such payments may be made in advance or
by way of reimbursement. The rates charged will return
in full the expenses of operation, including reserves for


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Employment Contracts | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

accrued annual leave, worker’s compensation, depreciation
of capitalized equipment and shelving, and amortization of
information technology software and systems.
(d) Funds returned to miscellaneous receipts of the
Department of the Treasury.—
(1) In addition to funds appropriated to and assets
transferred to the Fund in subsection (b), an amount
[Page 62]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 53	not to exceed 4 percent of the total annual income may
be retained in the Fund as an operating reserve or for
the replacement or acquisition of capital equipment,
including shelving, and the improvement and imple -
mentation of the financial management, information
technology, and other support systems of the National
Archives and Records Administration.
(2) Funds in excess of the 4 percent at the close of each
fiscal year shall be returned to the T reasury of the Unit -
ed States as miscellaneous receipts.
(e) Reporting requirement.—The National Archives and
Records Administration shall provide quarterly reports to


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: general_reasoning
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

the Committees on Appropriations and Governmental
Affairs of the Senate, and the Committees on Appropriations
and Government Reform of the House of Representatives
on the operation of the Records Center Revolving Fund.
Federal Records Management Provisions Without Effect
on Authorities and Responsibilities of Administrator
of General Services, Joint Committee, or Government
Publishing Office
Section 5 of Pub.L. 94-575, as amended Pub.L. 113-235,
Div. H, Title I, § 1301(b), Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat.
2537, provided that:
“(a) The provisions of this Act [see Short Title of 1976
Amendment note set out under section 101 of this title]
relating to the authority of the Administrator of General
Services do not limit or repeal additional authorities
provided by statute or otherwise recognized by law.
“(b) The provisions of this Act [see Short Title of 1976
Amendment note set out under section 101 of this title]
do not limit or repeal the authority or responsibilities


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Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

of the Joint Committee on Printing or the Government
Publishing Office under chapters 1 through 19 of title
44, United States Code [chapters 1 through 19 of this
title].”
§ 2902. OBJECTIVES OF RECORDS
MANAGEMENT
It is the purpose of this chapter, and chapters 21, 31, and
33 of this title, to require the establishment of standards
and procedures to assure efficient and effective records
management. Such records management standards and
procedures shall seek to implement the following goals:(1) Accurate and complete documentation of the poli -
cies and transactions of the Federal Government.
(2) Control of the quantity and quality of records pro -
duced by the Federal Government.
(3) Establishment and maintenance of mechanisms of
control with respect to records creation in order to pre -
vent the creation of unnecessary records and with respect
to the effective and economical operations of an agency.
(4) Simplification of the activities, systems, and pro -


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

cesses of records creation, maintenance, transfer, and use.
(5) Judicious preservation and disposal of records.
(6) Direction of continuing attention on records
from their initial creation to their final disposition,
with particular emphasis on the prevention of unnec -
essary Federal paperwork and the transfer of records
from Federal agencies to the National Archives of the
United States in digital or electronic form to the great -
est extent possible.
(7) Establishment and maintenance of such other sys -
tems or techniques as the Archivist considers necessary to
carry out the purposes of this chapter, and chapters 21,
31, and 33 of this title.
§ 2903. CUSTODY AND CONTROL OF
PROPERTY
(a) The Archivist shall have immediate custody and
control of the National Archives Building and its con -
tents, and may design, construct, purchase, lease, main -
tain, operate, protect, and improve buildings used by him
for the storage of records of Federal agencies in the Dis -
trict of Columbia and elsewhere.


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

(b) When the Archivist considers it to be in the public
interest, the Archivist may charge and collect reasonable
fees from the public for the occasional, non-official use of
rooms and spaces, and services related to such use, in the
buildings subject to this section. Fees collected under this
subsection shall be paid into an account in the National
Archives T rust Fund and shall be held, administered, and
expended for the benefit and in the interest of the na -
tional archival and records activities administered by the
National Archives and Records Administration, including
educational and public program purposes.
§ 2904.  GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR
RECORDS MANAGEMENT
(a) The Archivist shall provide guidance and assistance
to Federal agencies with respect to ensuring adequate and
[Page 63]
54 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 55	proper documentation of the policies and transactions of
the Federal Government and ensuring proper records dis -
position.


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: legal_news_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(b) The Archivist shall provide guidance and assistance
to Federal agencies to ensure economical and effective re -
cords management by such agencies.
(c) In carrying out the responsibilities under subsections
(a) and (b), the Archivist shall have the responsibility—
(1) to promulgate standards, procedures, and guidelines
with respect to records management and the conduct of
records management studies;
(2) to conduct research with respect to the improve -
ment of records management practices and programs;
(3) to collect and disseminate information on training
programs, technological developments, and other activ -
ities relating to records management;
(4) to establish such interagency committees and
boards as may be necessary to provide an exchange of
information among Federal agencies with respect to re -
cords management;
(5) to direct the continuing attention of Federal agen -
cies and the Congress on the need for adequate policies
governing records management;


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Contract Law - Formation | Sample Type: legal_news_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(6) to conduct records management studies and, in the
Archivist’s discretion, designate the heads of executive
agencies to conduct records management studies with
respect to establishing systems and techniques designed
to save time and effort in records management;
(7) to conduct inspections or surveys of the records and
the records management programs and practices within
and between Federal agencies;
(8) to report to the appropriate oversight and appropri -
ations committees of the Congress and to the Director
of the Office of Management and Budget in January of
each year and at such other times as the Archivist deems
desirable—
(A) on the results of activities conducted pursuant to
paragraphs (1) through (7) of this section,
(B) on evaluations of responses by Federal agencies to
any recommendations resulting from inspections or
studies conducted under paragraphs (6) and (7) of this
section, and
(C) to the extent practicable, estimates of costs to the


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Topic: Tort Law - Nuisance | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

Federal Government resulting from the failure of agen -
cies to implement such recommendations.
(d) The Archivist shall promulgate regulations re -quiring all Federal agencies to transfer all digital or
electronic records to the National Archives of the Unit -
ed States in digital or electronic form to the greatest
extent possible.
§ 2905.  ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS
FOR SELECTIVE RETENTION OF RECORDS;
SECURITY MEASURES
(a) The Archivist shall establish standards for the se -
lective retention of records of continuing value, and
assist Federal agencies in applying the standards to re -
cords in their custody. The Archivist shall notify the
head of a Federal agency of any actual, impending, or
threatened unlawful removal, defacing, alteration, or
destruction of records in the custody of the agency that
shall come to the Archivist’s attention, and assist the
head of the agency in initiating action through the At -
torney General for the recovery of records unlawfully


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Topic: Contract Law - Remedies | Sample Type: simple_qa
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

removed and for other redress provided by law. In any
case in which the head of the agency does not initi -
ate an action for such recovery or other redress with -
in a reasonable period of time after being notified of
any such unlawful action, the Archivist shall request
the Attorney General to initiate such an action, and
shall notify the Congress when such a request has been
made.
(b) The Archivist shall assist the Administrator for the
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in conduct -
ing studies and developing standards relating to record re -
tention requirements imposed on the public and on State
and local governments by Federal agencies.
§ 2906. INSPECTION OF AGENCY RECORDS
(a)(1) In carrying out the duties and responsibilities
under this chapter, the Archivist (or the the 1 Archivist›s
designee) may inspect the records or the records
management practices and programs of any Federal
agency for the purpose of rendering recommendations
for the improvement of records management practices


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Topic: Contract Law - Remedies | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

and programs and for determining whether the records
of Federal agencies have sufficient value to warrant con -
tinued preservation or lack sufficient value to justify
continued preservation. Officers and employees of such
agencies shall cooperate fully in such inspections, sub -
ject to the provisions of paragraphs (2) and (3) of this
subsection.
[Page 64]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 55	(2) Records, the use of which is restricted by law or for
reasons of national security or the public interest, shall be
inspected, in accordance with regulations promulgated by
the Archivist, subject to the approval of the head of the
agency concerned or of the President.
(3) If the Archivist (or the Archivist’s designee) in -
spects a record, as provided in this subsection, which is
contained in a system of records which is subject to sec -
tion 552a of title 5, such record shall be—
(A) maintained by the Archivist or such designee as a
record contained in a system of records; or


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Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

(B) deemed to be a record contained in a system of
records for purposes of subsections (b), (c), and (i) of
section 552a of title 5.
(b) In conducting the inspection of agency records pro -
vided for in subsection (a) of this section, the Archivist
(or the Archivist’s designee) shall, in addition to comply -
ing with the provisions of law cited in subsection (a)(3),
comply with all other Federal laws and be subject to the
sanctions provided therein.
§ 2907. RECORDS CENTERS AND
CENTRALIZED MICROFILMING SERVICES
The Archivist may establish, maintain, and operate records
centers and centralized microfilming or digitization
services for Federal agencies.
§ 2908. REGULATIONS
Subject to applicable law, the Archivist shall promulgate
regulations governing the transfer of records from the
custody of one executive agency to that of another.
§ 2909. RETENTION OF RECORDS
The Archivist may empower a Federal agency, to retain
records for a longer period than that specified in disposal


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schedules; and may withdraw disposal authorizations
covering records listed in disposal schedules. The Archivist
shall promulgate regulations in accordance with section
2104(a) of this title to implement this section.
§ 2910. PRESERVATION OF FREEDMEN’S
BUREAU RECORDS
The Archivist shall preserve the records of the Bureau
of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands,
commonly referred to as the “Freedmen’s Bureau”, by
using—(1) microfilm technology for preservation of the doc -
uments comprising these records so that they can be
maintained for future generations; and
(2) the results of the pilot project with the University
of Florida to create future partnerships with Howard
University and other institutions for the purposes of
indexing these records and making them more easily
accessible to the public, including historians, genealo -
gists, and students, and for any other purposes deter -
mined by the Archivist.
§ 2911.  DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT FOR
OFFICIAL BUSINESS CONDUCTED USING


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Topic: Employment Law - Employment Contracts | Sample Type: educational
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

NON-OFFICIAL ELECTRONIC MESSAGING
ACCOUNTS
(a) In general.—An officer or employee of an executive
agency may not create or send a record using a non-offi -
cial electronic messaging account unless such officer or
employee—
(1) copies an official electronic messaging account
of the officer or employee in the original creation or
transmission of the record; or
(2) forwards a complete copy of the record to an official
electronic messaging account of the officer or employee
not later than 20 days after the original creation or
transmission of the record.
(b) Adverse actions.—The intentional violation of sub -
section (a) (including any rules, regulations, or other im -
plementing guidelines), as determined by the appropriate
supervisor, shall be a basis for disciplinary action in accor -
dance with subchapter I, II, or V of chapter 75 of title 5,
as the case may be.
(c) Definitions.—In this section:
(1) Electronic messages.—The term “electronic messag -
es” means electronic mail and other electronic messaging


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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: basic | Document Type: educational

systems that are used for purposes of communicating be -
tween individuals.
(2) Electronic messaging account.—The term “elec -
tronic messaging account” means any account that sends
electronic messages.
(3) Executive agency.—The term ‘executive agency’
has the meaning given that term in section 105 of
title 5.
[Page 65]
56 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 57	RECORDS MANAGEMENT BY FEDERAL AGENCIES
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 31)
Sec.
3101.  Records management by agency heads; general duties.
3102. Establishment of program of management.
3103. T ransfer of records to records centers.
3104. Certifications and determinations on transferred
records.
3105. Safeguards.
3106. Unlawful removal, destruction of records.
3107. Authority of Comptroller General.
§ 3101. RECORDS MANAGEMENT BY AGENCY
HEADS; GENERAL DUTIES
The head of each Federal agency shall make and preserve
records containing adequate and proper documentation
of the organization, functions, policies, decisions,


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Topic: Tort Law - Negligence | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

procedures, and essential transactions of the agency and
designed to furnish the information necessary to protect
the legal and financial rights of the Government and of
persons directly affected by the agency’s activities.
§ 3102. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM OF
MANAGEMENT
The head of each Federal agency shall establish and
maintain an active, continuing program for the economical
and efficient management of the records of the agency.
The program, among other things, shall provide for
(1) effective controls over the creation and over the main -
tenance and use of records in the conduct of current business;
(2) cooperation with the Archivist in applying stan -
dards, procedures, and techniques designed to improve
the management of records, promote the maintenance
and security of records deemed appropriate for preserva -
tion, and facilitate the segregation and disposal of records
of temporary value; and
(3) compliance with sections 2101–2117, 2501–2507,


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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: practical_application
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

2901–2909, and 3101–3107, of this title and the regula -
tions issued under them.
§ 3103. TRANSFER OF RECORDS TO RECORDS
CENTERS
When the head of a Federal agency determines that such action may affect substantial economies or increased
operating efficiency, the head of such agency shall provide
for the transfer of records to a records center maintained
and operated by the Archivist, or, when approved by the
Archivist, to a center maintained and operated by the
head of the Federal agency.
§ 3104.  CERTIFICATIONS AND
DETERMINATIONS ON TRANSFERRED
RECORDS
An official of the Government who is authorized to
certify to facts on the basis of records in such official’s
custody, may certify to facts on the basis of records that
have been transferred by such official or such official’s
predecessors to the Archivist, and may authorize the
Archivist to certify to facts and to make administrative
determinations on the basis of records transferred to the
Archivist, notwithstanding any other law.
§ 3105.  SAFEGUARDS


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The head of each Federal agency shall establish safeguards
against the removal or loss of records the head of such agency
determines to be necessary and required by regulations of
the Archivist. Safeguards shall include making it known to
officials and employees of the agency—
(1) that records in the custody of the agency are not to
be alienated or destroyed except in accordance with sec -
tions 3301–3314 of this title, and
(2) the penalties provided by law for the unlawful re -
moval or destruction of records.
§ 3106. UNLAWFUL REMOVAL, DESTRUCTION
OF RECORDS
(a) Federal Agency Notification.—The head of each
Federal agency shall notify the Archivist of any actual,
impending, or threatened unlawful removal, defacing,
alteration, corruption, deletion, erasure, or other destruc -
tion of records in the custody of the agency, and with the
assistance of the Archivist shall initiate action through the
Attorney General for the recovery of records the head of


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the Federal agency knows or has reason to believe have
[Page 66]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 57	been unlawfully removed from that agency, or from an -
other Federal agency whose records have been transferred
to the legal custody of that Federal agency.
(b) Archivist Notification.—In any case in which the
head of a Federal agency does not initiate an action for
such recovery or other redress within a reasonable period
of time after being notified of any such unlawful action
described in subsection (a), or is participating in, or be -
lieved to be participating in any such unlawful action, the
Archivist shall request the Attorney General to initiate
such an action, and shall notify the Congress when such a
request has been made.§ 3107.  AUTHORITY OF COMPTROLLER
GENERAL
Chapters 21, 25, 27,1 29, and 31 of this title do not limit the
authority of the Comptroller General of the United States
with respect to prescribing accounting systems, forms,
and procedures, or lessen the responsibility of collecting


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and disbursing officers for rendition of their accounts for
settlement by the Government Accountability Office.
REFERENCES IN TEXT
1 Chapter 27 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed
by Pub. L. 95–378, §2(a), Sept. 22, 1978, 92 Stat. 723 .
DISPOSAL OF RECORDS
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 33)
Sec.
3301. Definition of records.
3302. Regulations covering lists of records for disposal,
procedure for disposal, and standards for reproduc -
tion.
3303. Lists and schedules of records to be submitted to
Archivist by head of each Government agency.
3303a.  Examination by Archivist of lists and schedules
of records lacking preservation value; disposal of
records.
3308. Disposal of similar records where prior disposal was
authorized.
3309. Preservation of claims of Government until settled
in General Accounting Office; disposal authorized
upon written approval of Comptroller General.
3310. Disposal of records constituting menace to health,
life, or property.
3311. Destruction of records outside continental United


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States in time of war or when hostile action seems
imminent; written report to Archivist.
3312. Photographs or microphotographs of records con -
sidered as originals; certified reproductions admis -
sible in evidence.
3313. Moneys from sale of records payable into the
T reasury.
3314. Procedures for disposal of records exclusive.§ 3301. DEFINITION OF RECORDS
(a) Records Defined.—
(1) In general.—As used in this chapter, the term
“records”—
(A) includes all recorded information, regardless of
form or characteristics, made or received by a Feder -
al agency under Federal law or in connection with the
transaction of public business and preserved or appro -
priate for preservation by that agency or its legitimate
successor as evidence of the organization, functions,
policies, decisions, procedures, operations, or other ac -
tivities of the United States Government or because of
the informational value of data in them; and
(B) does not include—
(i) library and museum material made or acquired


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and preserved solely for reference or exhibition pur -
poses; or
(ii) duplicate copies of records preserved only for
convenience.
(2) Recorded information defined.—For purposes of
paragraph (1), the term “recorded information” includes all
traditional forms of records, regardless of physical form or
characteristics, including information created, manipulat -
ed, communicated, or stored in digital or electronic form.
(b) Determination of Definition.—The Archivist’s de -
termination whether recorded information, regardless of
whether it exists in physical, digital, or electronic form, is
[Page 67]
58 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 59	a record as defined in subsection (a) shall be binding on
all Federal agencies.
§ 3302. REGULATIONS COVERING LISTS
OF RECORDS FOR DISPOSAL, PROCEDURE
FOR DISPOSAL, AND STANDARDS FOR
REPRODUCTION
The Archivist shall promulgate regulations, not
inconsistent with this chapter, establishing—
(1) procedures for the compiling and submitting to the


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Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

Archivist of lists and schedules of records proposed for
disposal,
(2) procedures for the disposal of records authorized for
disposal, and
(3) standards for the reproduction of records by pho -
tographic, microphotographic, or digital processes with a
view to the disposal of the original records.
§ 3303. LISTS AND SCHEDULES OF RECORDS
TO BE SUBMITTED TO THE ARCHIVIST BY
HEAD OF EACH GOVERNMENT AGENCY
The head of each agency of the United States
Government shall submit to the Archivist, under
regulations promulgated as provided by section 3302 of
this title—
(1) lists of any records in the custody of the agency that
have been photographed, microphotographed, or digi -
tized under the regulations and that, as a consequence, do
not appear to have sufficient value to warrant their further
preservation by the Government;
(2) lists of other records in the custody of the agency
not needed by it in the transaction of its current business
and that do not appear to have sufficient administrative,


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Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

legal, research, or other value to warrant their further
preservation by the Government; and
(3) schedules proposing the disposal after the lapse of
specified periods of time of records of a specified form or
character that either have accumulated in the custody of
the agency or may accumulate after the submission of the
schedules and apparently will not after the lapse of the
period specified have sufficient administrative, legal, re -
search, or other value to warrant their further preservation
by the Government.
§ 3303A. EXAMINATION BY ARCHIVIST
OF LISTS AND SCHEDULES OF RECORDS LACKING PRESERVATION VALUE; DISPOSAL
OF RECORDS
(a) The Archivist shall examine the lists and schedules
submitted to the Archivist under section 3303 of this
title. If the Archivist determines that any of the records
listed in a list or schedule submitted to the Archivist do
not, or will not after the lapse of the period specified, have
sufficient administrative, legal, research, or other value to


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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

warrant their continued preservation by the Government,
the Archivist may, after publication of notice in the Fed -
eral Register and an opportunity for interested persons to
submit comment thereon—
(1) notify the agency to that effect; and
(2) empower the agency to dispose of those records in
accordance with regulations promulgated under section
3302 of this title.
(b) Authorizations granted under lists and schedules
submitted to the Archivist under section 3303 of this
title, and schedules promulgated by the Archivist un -
der subsection (d) of this section, shall be mandatory,
subject to section 2909 of this title. As between an au -
thorization granted under lists and schedules submit -
ted to the Archivist undersection 3303 of this title and
an authorization contained in a schedule promulgated
under subsection (d) of this section, application of the
authorization providing for the shorter retention pe -
riod shall be required, subject to section 2909 of this
title.


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(c) The Archivist may request advice and counsel
from the Committee on Oversight and Government Re -
form of the House of Representatives and the Commit -
tee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of
the Senate with respect to the disposal of any particular
records under this chapter whenever the Archivist con -
siders that—
(1) those particular records may be of special interest
to the Congress; or
(2) consultation with the Congress regarding the dis -
posal of those particular records is in the public interest.
However, this subsection does not require the Archivist to
request such advice and counsel as a regular procedure in
the general disposal of records under this chapter.
(d) The Archivist shall promulgate schedules autho -
rizing the disposal, after the lapse of specified periods
of time, of records of a specified form or character com -
mon to several or all agencies if such records will not, at
[Page 68]


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BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 59	the end of the periods specified, have sufficient admin -
istrative, legal, research, or other value to warrant their
further preservation by the United States Government.
(e) The Archivist may approve and effect the disposal of
records that are in the Archivist’s legal custody, provided
that records that had been in the custody of another ex -
isting agency may not be disposed of without the written
consent of the head of the agency.
(f) The Archivist shall make an annual report to the
Congress concerning the disposal of records under this
chapter, including general descriptions of the types of
records disposed of and such other information as the
Archivist considers appropriate to keep the Congress ful -
ly informed regarding the disposal of records under this
chapter.
§ 3308. DISPOSAL OF SIMILAR RECORDS
WHERE PRIOR DISPOSAL WAS AUTHORIZED
When it appears to the Archivist that an agency has in
its custody, or is accumulating, records of the same


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Contract Law - Remedies | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

form or character as those of the same agency previously
authorized to be disposed of, he may empower the head of
the agency to dispose of the records, after they have been
in existence a specified period of time, in accordance with
regulations promulgated under section 3302 of this title
and without listing or scheduling them.
§ 3309. PRESERVATION OF CLAIMS OF
GOVERNMENT UNTIL SETTLED IN
GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE;
DISPOSAL AUTHORIZED UPON WRITTEN
APPROVAL OF COMPTROLLER GENERAL
Records pertaining to claims and demands by or
against the Government of the United States or to
accounts in which the Government of the United
States is concerned, either as debtor or creditor, may
not be disposed of by the head of an agency under
authorization granted under this chapter, until the
claims, demands, and accounts have been settled and
adjusted in the Government Accountability Office,
except upon the written approval of the Comptroller
General of the United States.
§ 3310. DISPOSAL OF RECORDS


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

CONSTITUTING MENACE TO HEALTH, LIFE,
OR PROPERTYWhen the Archivist and the head of the agency that has
custody of them jointly determine that records in the
custody of an agency of the United States Government
are a continuing menace to human health or life or
to property, the Archivist shall eliminate the menace
immediately by any method he considers necessary. When
records in the custody of the Archivist are disposed of
under this section, the Archivist shall report their disposal
to the agency from which they were transferred.
§ 3311. DESTRUCTION OF RECORDS
OUTSIDE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES IN
TIME OF WAR OR WHEN HOSTILE ACTION
SEEMS IMMINENT; WRITTEN REPORT TO
ARCHIVIST
During a state of war between the United States and
another nation, or when hostile action by a foreign
power appears imminent, the head of an agency of the
United States Government may authorize the destruction
of records in his legal custody situated in a military or
naval establishment, ship, or other depository outside the


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

territorial limits of continental United States—
(1) the retention of which would be prejudicial to the
interests of the United States or
(2) which occupy space urgently needed for military
purposes and are, in his opinion, without sufficient ad -
ministrative, legal, research, or other value to warrant
their continued preservation.
Within six months after their disposal, the official who
directed the disposal shall submit a written report to the
Archivist in which he shall describe the character of the
records and state when and where he disposed of them.
§ 3312. PHOTOGRAPHS OR
MICROPHOTOGRAPHS OF RECORDS
CONSIDERED AS ORIGINALS; CERTIFIED
REPRODUCTIONS ADMISSIBLE IN EVIDENCE
Photographs, microphotographs of records, or digitized
records made in compliance with regulations under
section 3302 of this title shall have the same effect as the
originals and shall be treated as originals for the purpose of
their admissibility in evidence. Certified or authenticated


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Real Property | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: foundational | Document Type: educational

reproductions of the photographs, microphotographs, or
digitized records shall be admitted in evidence equally
with the original photographs, microphotographs, or
digitized records.
[Page 69]
60 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 61	§ 3313. MONEYS FROM SALE OF RECORDS
PAYABLE INTO THE TREASURY
Money derived by agencies of the Government from the
sale of records disposed of under this chapter shall be paid
into the Treasury of the United States unless otherwise
required by law.§ 3314. PROCEDURES FOR DISPOSAL OF
RECORDS EXCLUSIVE
The procedures prescribed by this chapter are exclusive,
and records of the United States Government may not be
alienated or destroyed except under this chapter.
COORDINATION OF FEDERAL INFORMATION POLICY
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 35)
Sec.
3501 note   E-Government Act of 2002
***
3504. Authority and functions of Director.
***
3515. Administrative Powers.
***
***
§ 3501 NOTE  E-GOVERNMENT ACT OF 2002
SEC. 207. ACCESSIBILITY, USABILITY,
AND PRESERVATION OF GOVERNMENT


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Company Law - Directors Duties | Sample Type: case_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

INFORMATION.
(a) Purpose.—The purpose of this section [of this
note] is to improve the methods by which Government
information, including information on the Internet,
is organized, preserved, and made accessible to the
public.
(b) Definitions.—In this section [of this note], the term—
(1) ‘Committee’ means the Interagency Committee on
Government Information established under subsection
(c); and
(2) “directory’ means a taxonomy of subjects linked to
websites that—
(A) organizes Government information on the Internet
according to subject matter; and
(B) may be created with the participation of human
editors.
(c) Interagency committee.—
(1) Establishment.—Not later than 180 days after the
date of enactment of this title [Dec. 17, 2002], the Director shall establish the Interagency Committee on
Government Information.
(2) Membership.—The Committee shall be chaired by
the Director or the designee of the Director and
(A) Shall include representatives from—
(i) the National Archives and Records Administration;


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Employment Law - Wrongful Dismissal | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

(ii) the offices of the Chief Information Officers from
Federal agencies; and
(iii) other relevant officers from the executive branch; and
(B) may include representatives from the Federal
legislative and judicial branches.
(3) Functions.—The Committee shall—
(A) engage in public consultation to the maximum
extent feasible, including consultation with interested
communities such as public advocacy organizations;
(B) conduct studies and submit recommendations, as
provided under this section [of this note], to the Director
and Congress; and
(C) share effective practices for access to, dissemination
of, and retention of Federal information.
(4) Termination.—The Committee may be terminated
on a date determined by the Director, except the
Committee may not terminate before the Committee
submits all recommendations required under this section
[of this note].
(d) Categorizing of information.—
(1) Committee functions.—Not later than 2 years after
the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 17, 2002],


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Company Law - Directors Duties | Sample Type: legal_dialogue
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

the Committee shall submit recommendations to the
Director on—
(A) The adoption of standards, which are open to the
maximum extent feasible, to enable the organization and
[Page 70]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 61	categorization of Government information—
(i) in a way that is searchable electronically, including by
searchable identifiers; and
(ii) in ways that are interoperable across agencies;
(B) the definition of categories of Government information
which should be classified under the standards; and
(C) determining priorities and developing schedules for
the initial implementation of the standards by agencies.
(2) Functions of the director.—Not later than 1 year after
the submission of recommendations under paragraph (1),
the Director shall issue policies—
(A) Requiring that agencies use standards, which are open
to the maximum extent feasible, to enable the organization
and categorization of Government information—
(i) in a way that is searchable electronically, including by
searchable identifiers;


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Contract Law - Formation | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

(ii) in ways that are interoperable across agencies; and
(iii) that are, as appropriate, consistent with the provisions
under section 3602(f)(8) of title 44, United States Code;
(B) defining categories of Government information which
shall be required to be classified under the standards; and
(C) determining priorities and developing schedules for
the initial implementation of the standards by agencies.
(3) Modification of policies.—After the submission of
agency reports under paragraph (4), the Director shall
modify the policies, as needed, in consultation with the
Committee and interested parties.
(4) Agency functions.—Each agency shall report annually
to the Director, in the report established under section
202(g) [of this note], on compliance of that agency with
the policies issued under paragraph (2)(A).
(e) Public access to electronic information.—
(1) Committee functions.—Not later than 2 years after
the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 17, 2002],


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Tort Law - Nuisance | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: basic | Document Type: educational

the Committee shall submit recommendations to the
Director and the Archivist of the United States on—
(A) the adoption by agencies of policies and procedures
to ensure that chapters 21, 25, 27, 29, and 31 of title 44,
United States Code [44 U.S.C.A. §§ 2101 et seq., 2501
et seq., 2701 et seq., 2901 et seq., and 3101 et seq.], are
applied effectively and comprehensively to Government
information on the Internet and to other electronic
records; and
(B) the imposition of timetables for the implementation
of the policies and procedures by agencies.(2) Functions of the archivist.—Not later than 1 year after
the submission of recommendations by the Committee
under paragraph (1), the Archivist of the United States
shall issue policies—
(A) requiring the adoption by agencies of policies and
procedures to ensure that chapters 21, 25, 27, 29, and 31
of title 44, United States Code [44 U.S.C.A. §§ 2101 et
seq., 2501 et seq., 2701 et seq., 2901 et seq., and 3101


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: educational
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

et seq.], are applied effectively and comprehensively to
Government information on the Internet and to other
electronic records; and
(B) imposing timetables for the implementation of the
policies, procedures, and technologies by agencies.
(3) Modification of policies.—After the submission of
agency reports under paragraph (4), the Archivist of the
United States shall modify the policies, as needed, in
consultation with the Committee and interested parties.
(4) Agency functions.—Each agency shall report annually
to the Director, in the report established under section
202(g) [of this note], on compliance of that agency with
the policies issued under paragraph (2)(A).
(f) Agency websites.—
(1) Standards for agency websites.—Not later than 2
years after the effective date of this title [Pub.L. 107-347,
Title II, §§ 201 to 216, Dec. 17, 2002, 116 Stat. 2910;
see Tables for complete classification], the Director shall
promulgate guidance for agency websites that includes—


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Company Law - Shareholder Rights | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(A) Requirements that websites include direct links to—
(i) descriptions of the mission and statutory authority of
the agency;
(ii) information made available to the public under
subsections (a)(1) and (b) of section 552 of title 5, United
States Code (commonly referred to as the ‘Freedom of
Information Act’);
(iii) information about the organizational structure of the
agency; and
(iv) the strategic plan of the agency developed under
section 306 of title 5, United States Code; and
(B) Minimum agency goals to assist public users to
navigate agency websites, including—
(i) speed of retrieval of search results;
(ii) the relevance of the results;
(iii) tools to aggregate and disaggregate data; and
(iv) security protocols to protect information.
(2) Agency requirements.—
[Page 71]
62 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 63	(A) Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
this Act [Dec. 17, 2002], each agency shall—
(i) consult with the Committee and solicit public
comment;


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: practical_application
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

(ii) establish a process for determining which Government
information the agency intends to make available and
accessible to the public on the Internet and by other
means;
(iii) develop priorities and schedules for making
Government information available and accessible;
(iv) make such final determinations, priorities, and
schedules available for public comment;
(v) post such final determinations, priorities, and
schedules on the Internet; and
(vi) submit such final determinations, priorities, and
schedules to the Director, in the report established under
section 202(g) [of this note].
(B) Each agency shall update determinations, priorities,
and schedules of the agency, as needed, after consulting
with the Committee and soliciting public comment, if
appropriate.
(3) Public domain directory of public Federal Government
websites.—
(A) Establishment.—Not later than 2 years after the
effective date of this title [Pub.L. 107-347, Title II, §§
201 to 216, Dec. 17, 2002, 116 Stat. 2910; see Tables


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Tort Law - Negligence | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

for complete classification], the Director and each agency
shall—
(i) develop and establish a public domain directory of
public Federal Government websites; and
(ii) post the directory on the Internet with a link to
the integrated Internet-based system established under
section 204 [of this note].
(B) Development.—With the assistance of each agency,
the Director shall—
(i) Direct the development of the directory through a
collaborative effort, including input from—
(I) agency librarians;
(II) information technology managers;
(III) program managers;
(IV) records managers;
(V) Federal depository librarians; and
(VI) other interested parties; and
(ii) develop a public domain taxonomy of subjects used
to review and categorize public Federal Government
websites.(C) Update.—With the assistance of each agency, the
Administrator of the Office of Electronic Government
shall—
(i) update the directory as necessary, but not less than
every 6 months; and
(ii) solicit interested persons for improvements to the
directory.


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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(g) Access to Federally funded research and
development.—
(1) Development and maintenance of Governmentwide
repository and website.—
(A) Repository and website.—The Director of the Office
of Management and Budget (or the Director’s delegate),
in consultation with the Director of the Office of Science
and Technology Policy and other relevant agencies, shall
ensure the development and maintenance of—
(i) A repository that fully integrates, to the maximum
extent feasible, information about research and
development funded by the Federal Government, and the
repository shall—
(I) Include information about research and development
funded by the Federal Government, consistent with any
relevant protections for the information under section
552 of title 5, United States code, and performed by—
(aa) institutions not a part of the Federal Government,
including State, local, and foreign governments;
industrial firms; educational institutions; not-for-profit
organizations; federally funded research and development


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

centers; and private individuals; and
(bb) entities of the Federal Government, including
research and development laboratories, centers, and
offices; and
(II) Integrate information about each separate research
and development task or award, including—
(aa) the dates upon which the task or award is expected
to start and end;
(bb) a brief summary describing the objective and the
scientific and technical focus of the task or award;
(cc) the entity or institution performing the task or award
and its contact information;
(dd) the total amount of Federal funds expected to be
provided to the task or award over its lifetime and the
amount of funds expected to be provided in each fiscal
year in which the work of the task or award is ongoing;
(ee) any restrictions attached to the task or award that
[Page 72]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 63	would prevent the sharing with the general public of any
or all of the information required by this subsection, and
the reasons for such restrictions; and


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(ff) such other information as may be determined to be
appropriate; and
(ii) 1 or more websites upon which all or part of the
repository of Federal research and development shall be
made available to and searchable by Federal agencies and
non-Federal entities, including the general public, to
facilitate—
(I) the coordination of Federal research and development
activities;
(II) collaboration among those conducting Federal
research and development;
(III) the transfer of technology among Federal agencies
and between Federal agencies and non-Federal entities;
and
(IV) access by policymakers and the public to information
concerning Federal research and development activities.
(B) Oversight.—The Director of the Office of
Management and Budget shall issue any guidance
determined necessary to ensure that agencies provide all
information requested under this subsection.
(2) Agency functions.—Any agency that funds Federal
research and development under this subsection shall


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Contract Law - Formation | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

provide the information required to populate the
repository in the manner prescribed by the Director of
the Office of Management and Budget.
(3) Committee functions.—Not later than 18 months
after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 17, 2002],
working with the Director of the Office of Science and
Technology Policy, and after consultation with interested
parties, the Committee shall submit recommendations to
the Director on—
(A) policies to improve agency reporting of information
for the repository established under this subsection; and
(B) policies to improve dissemination of the results of
research performed by Federal agencies and federally
funded research and development centers.
(4) Functions of the director.—After submission of
recommendations by the Committee under paragraph
(3), the Director shall report on the recommendations
of the Committee and Director to Congress, in the
E-Government report under section 3606 of title 44 (as
added by this Act) [44 U.S.C.A. § 3606].


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(5) Authorization of appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated for the development,
maintenance, and operation of the Governmentwide
repository and website under this subsection—
(A) $2,000,000 in each of the fiscal years 2003 through
2005; and
(B) such sums as are necessary in each of the fiscal years
2006 and 2007.
***
§ 3504. AUTHORITY AND FUNCTIONS OF
DIRECTOR
(a)(1) The Director [of OMB] shall oversee the use of
information resources to improve the efficiency and ef -
fectiveness of governmental operations to serve agency
missions, including burden reduction and service delivery
to the public. In performing such oversight, the Director
shall—
(A) develop, coordinate and oversee the implementa -
tion of Federal information resources management pol -
icies, principles, standards, and guidelines; and
(B) provide direction and oversee—
(i) the review and approval of the collection of infor -
mation and the reduction of the information collection
burden;


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: case_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(ii) agency dissemination of and public access to infor -
mation;
(iii) statistical activities;
(iv) records management activities;
(v) privacy, confidentiality, security,
disclosure, and sharing of information; and
(vi) the acquisition and use of information technolo -
gy, including alternative information technologies that
provide for electronic submission, maintenance, or dis -
closure of information as a substitute for paper and for
the use and acceptance of electronic signatures.
(2) The authority of the Director under this chapter
shall be exercised consistent with applicable law.
(b) With respect to general information resources man -
agement policy, the Director shall—
(1) develop and oversee the implementation of uniform
information resources management policies, principles,
standards, and guidelines;
(2) foster greater sharing, dissemination, and access to
public information, including through—
[Page 73]


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64 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 65	(A) the use of the Government Information Locator
Service; and
(B) the development and utilization of common stan -
dards for information collection, storage, processing
and communication, including standards for security,
interconnectivity and interoperability;
(3) initiate and review proposals for changes in legisla -
tion, regulations, and agency procedures to improve in -
formation resources management practices;
(4) oversee the development and implementation of
best practices in information resources management, in -
cluding training; and
(5) oversee agency integration of program and manage -
ment functions with information resources management
functions.
(c) With respect to the collection of information and
the control of paperwork, the Director shall—
(1) review and approve proposed agency collections of
information;
(2) coordinate the review of the collection of informa -
tion associated with Federal procurement and acquisition


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Company Law - Directors Duties | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs with
the Office of Federal Procurement Policy, with particular
emphasis on applying information technology to improve
the efficiency and effectiveness of Federal procurement,
acquisition and payment, and to reduce information col -
lection burdens on the public;
(3) minimize the Federal information collection bur -
den, with particular emphasis on those individuals and
entities most adversely affected;
(4) maximize the practical utility of and public benefit
from information collected by or for the Federal Govern -
ment; and
(5) establish and oversee standards and guidelines by
which agencies are to estimate the burden to comply with
a proposed collection of information.
(6) publish in the Federal Register and make available
on the Internet (in consultation with the Small Business
Administration) on an annual basis a list of the compli -
ance assistance resources available to small businesses,
with the first such publication occurring not later than


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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1 year after the date of enactment of the Small Business
Paperwork Relief Act of 2002.
(d) With respect to information dissemination, the Di -
rector shall develop and oversee the implementation of
policies, principles, standards, and guidelines to—(1) apply to Federal agency dissemination of public in -
formation, regardless of the form or format in which such
information is disseminated; and
(2) promote public access to public information and
fulfill the purposes of this chapter, including through the
effective use of information technology.
(e) With respect to statistical policy and coordination,
the Director shall—
(1) coordinate the activities of the Federal statistical
system to ensure—
(A) the efficiency and effectiveness of the
system; and
(B) the integrity, objectivity, impartiality, utility,
and confidentiality of information collected for statis -
tical purposes;
(2) ensure that budget proposals of agencies are con -
sistent with system-wide priorities for maintaining and


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Contract Law - Remedies | Sample Type: statutory_interpretation
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

improving the quality of Federal statistics and prepare an
annual report on statistical program funding;
(3) develop and oversee the implementation of Govern -
mentwide policies, principles, standards, and guidelines
concerning—
(A) statistical collection procedures and methods;
(B) statistical data classification;
(C) statistical information presentation and dissemina -
tion;
(D) timely release of statistical data; and
(E) such statistical data sources as may be required for
the administration of Federal programs;
(4) evaluate statistical program performance and agen -
cy compliance with Governmentwide policies, principles,
standards and guidelines;
(5) promote the sharing of information collected for
statistical purposes consistent with privacy rights and con -
fidentiality pledges;
(6) coordinate the participation of the United States in
international statistical activities, including the develop -
ment of comparable statistics;
(7) appoint a chief statistician who is a trained and ex -


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Employment Law - Employment Contracts | Sample Type: case_analysis
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

perienced professional statistician to carry out the func -
tions described under this subsection;
(8) carrying out the functions under this subsection
that shall—
(A) be headed by the chief statistician; and
(B) consist of—
(i) the heads of the major statistical
[Page 74]
BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 65	programs; and
(ii) representatives of other statistical
agencies under rotating membership; and
(9) provide opportunities for training in statistical pol -
icy functions to employees of the Federal Government
under which—
(A) each trainee shall be selected at the discretion of the
Director based on agency requests and shall serve under
the chief statistician for at least 6 months and not more
than 1 year; and
(B) all costs of the training shall be paid by the
agency requesting training.
(f) With respect to records management, the Director
shall—
(1) provide advice and assistance to the Archivist of the
United States and the Administrator of General Ser -


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
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Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: practical_application
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

vices to promote coordination in the administration of
chapters 29, 31, and 33 of this title with the informa -
tion resources management policies, principles, stan -
dards, and guidelines established under this subchapter;
(2) review compliance by agencies with—
(A) the requirements of chapters 29, 31, and 33 of this
title; and
(B) regulations promulgated by the Archivist of the
United States and the Administrator of General Ser -
vices; and
(3) oversee the application of records management pol -
icies, principles, standards, and guidelines, including
requirements for archiving information maintained in
electronic format, in the planning and design of infor -
mation systems.
(g) With respect to privacy and security, the Director
shall—
(1) develop and oversee the implementation of policies,
principles, standards, and guidelines on privacy, confi -
dentiality, security, disclosure and sharing of informa -
tion collected or maintained by or for agencies; and


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: general_reasoning
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(2) oversee and coordinate compliance with sections
552 and 552a of title 5, sections 20 and 21 of the Na -
tional Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
U.S.C. 278g-3 and 278g-4), section 11331 of title 40
and subchapter II of this title, and related information
management laws.
(h) With respect to Federal information technology, the
Director shall—
(1) in consultation with the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Admin -
istrator of General Services—
(A) develop and oversee the implementation of pol -
icies, principles, standards, and guidelines for infor -
mation technology functions and activities of the
Federal Government, including periodic evaluations
of major information systems; and
(B) oversee the development and implementation of
standards under section 11331 of title 40;
(2) monitor the effectiveness of, and compliance with,
directives issued under subtitle III of title 40 and direc -
tives issued under section 322 of title 40;


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Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

(3) coordinate the development and review by the Of -
fice of Information and Regulatory Affairs of policy
associated with Federal procurement and acquisition
of information technology with the Office of Federal
Procurement Policy;
(4) ensure, through the review of agency budget pro -
posals, information resources management plans and
other means—
(A) agency integration of information resources
management plans, program plans and budgets for
acquisition and use of information technology; and
(B) the efficiency and effectiveness of inter-agency
information technology initiatives to improve agen -
cy performance and the accomplishment of agency
missions; and
(5) promote the use of information technology by the
Federal Government to improve the productivity, effi -
ciency, and effectiveness of Federal programs, including
through dissemination of public information and the re -
duction of information collection burdens on the public.
***
§ 3511. ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION
OF GOVERNMENT INFORMATION LOCATOR


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: pure_conceptual
Difficulty: advanced | Document Type: educational

SERVICE
(a) In order to assist agencies and the public in locating
information and to promote information sharing and
equitable access by the public, the Director shall—
(1) cause to be established and maintained a distributed
agency-based electronic Government Information
Locator Service (hereafter in this section referred to as
the “Service”), which shall identify the major information
systems, holdings, and dissemination products of each
agency;
[Page 75]
66 | BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES   BASIC LAWS and AUTHORITIES  | 67	(2) require each agency to establish and maintain an
agency information locator service as a component of,
and to support the establishment and operation of the
Service;
(3) in cooperation with the Archivist of the United States,
the Administrator of General Services, the Director of
the Government Publishing Office, and the Librarian of
Congress, establish an interagency committee to advise the
Secretary of Commerce on the development of technical


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Property Law - Intellectual Property | Sample Type: simple_qa
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

standards for the Service to ensure compatibility, promote
information sharing, and uniform access by the public;
(4) consider public access and other user needs in the
establishment and operation of the Service;
(5) ensure the security and integrity of the Service,
including measures to ensure that only information
which is intended to be disclosed to the public is disclosed
through the Service; and
(6) periodically review the development and effectiveness of the Service and make recommendations for
improvement, including other mechanisms for improving
public access to Federal agency public information.
(b) This section shall not apply to operational files as
defined by the Central Intelligence Agency Information
Act (50 U.S.C. 431 et seq.).
***
§ 3515. ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS
Upon the request of the Director, each agency (other than
an independent regulatory agency) shall, to the extent
practicable, make its services, personnel, and facilities
available to the Director for the performance of functions


# basic laws book 2016 (1)
Jurisdiction: UK | Practice Area: employment law
Topic: Employment Law - Wrongful Dismissal | Sample Type: comparative_analysis
Difficulty: intermediate | Document Type: educational

under this subchapter.
***
MANAGEMENT AND PROMOTION OF
ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT SERVICES
(44 U.S.C. Chapter 36)
Sec.
***
3603. Chief Information Officers Council
***
***
§ 3603. CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICERS
COUNCIL
(a) There is established in the executive branch a Chief
Information Officers Council.
(b) The members of the Council shall be as follows:
(1) The Deputy Director for Management of the Office
of Management and Budget, who shall act as chairperson
of the Council.
(2) The Administrator of the Office of Electronic Gov -
ernment.
(3) The Administrator of the Office of Information and
Regulatory Affairs.(4) The chief information officer of each agency de -
scribed under section 901(b) of title 31.
(5) The chief information officer of the Central Intelli -
gence Agency.
(6) The chief information officer of the Department
of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the De -
partment of the Air Force, if chief information officers
have been designated for such departments under section
3506(a)(2)(B).