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  license: cc-by-4.0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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+ language:
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+ - bn
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+ pretty_name: "BLUGE-BLI: Bangla NLI"
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  license: cc-by-4.0
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+ task_categories:
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+ - text-classification
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+ task_ids:
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+ - natural-language-inference
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+ tags:
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+ - bengali
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+ - bangla
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+ - bluge
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+ - bli
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+ - nli
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+ - natural-language-inference
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+ - bengali-nlp
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+ - bnlp
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+ - low-resource
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+ - text-classification
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+ size_categories:
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+ - 100K<n<1M
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+ configs:
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+ - config_name: default
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: train
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+ path: "train.parquet"
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+ - split: validation
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+ path: "validation.parquet"
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+ - split: test
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+ path: "test.parquet"
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  ---
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+
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+ # BLUGE-BLI: Bangla NLI
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+
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+ **BLUGE-BLI** is a meticulously cleaned and corrected Bangla Language Inference dataset, one of the 7 tasks in **BLUGE** (**B**engali **L**anguage **U**nderstandin**G** **E**valuation), a balanced benchmark for evaluating Bengali natural language understanding. See the full [BLUGE collection](https://huggingface.co/collections/nahid-hub/bluge) for all 7 tasks, and the [B-CORE](https://huggingface.co/datasets/nahid-hub/B-CORE-bengali-corpus) pretraining corpus and BnLM model suite released alongside it.
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+
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+ ## Dataset Description
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+
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+ This task classifies premise-hypothesis sentence pairs into one of three relationships:
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+
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+ | Label | Relationship |
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+ |---|---|
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+ | `0` | Entailment |
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+ | `1` | Neutral |
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+ | `2` | Contradiction |
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+
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+ The dataset excludes premise-hypothesis pairs with fewer than 5 or more than 14 words, and addresses orthographic errors present in 3.47% of samples exhibiting surface-level issues. Corrections were proposed using GPT-4-turbo — used **exclusively** for orthographic correction, with no role in entailment/neutral/contradiction label assignment. Each proposed correction was independently reviewed and accepted, revised, or rejected by three native Bengali linguists with expertise in natural language inference (inter-annotator agreement κ=0.91), with disagreements resolved by majority vote. Of the proposals reviewed, 81.7% were accepted as-is, 12.6% were revised before acceptance, and 5.7% were rejected and reverted to the original text — semantic fidelity relative to the original texts was confirmed at 99.2% after human review.
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+
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+ To improve representation of underrepresented label categories, 312 additional premise-hypothesis pairs were manually created and validated through the same annotation protocol.
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+
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+ ## Dataset Structure
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+
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+ Balanced **80 / 10 / 10** split:
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+
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+ | Split | Samples |
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+ |---|---|
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+ | Train | 102,767 |
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+ | Validation | 12,845 |
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+ | Test | 12,846 |
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+ | **Total** | **128,458** |
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+
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+ **Fields:**
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+ - `premise` — the Bangla premise sentence
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+ - `hypothesis` — the Bangla hypothesis sentence
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+ - `label` — inference relationship (`0`: entailment, `1`: neutral, `2`: contradiction)
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+
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+ ## Usage
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from datasets import load_dataset
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+
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+ # Load all splits
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+ ds = load_dataset("nahid-hub/BLUGE-bengali-nli")
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+
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+ # Access a specific split
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+ train_ds = ds["train"]
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+ val_ds = ds["validation"]
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+ test_ds = ds["test"]
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+
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+ print(train_ds[0])
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+ ```
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+
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+ Load a single split directly:
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from datasets import load_dataset
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+
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+ test_ds = load_dataset("nahid-hub/BLUGE-bengali-nli", split="test")
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+ ```
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+
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+ Or read the Parquet files directly with pandas:
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+
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+ ```python
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+ import pandas as pd
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+
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+ train_df = pd.read_parquet(
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+ "hf://datasets/nahid-hub/BLUGE-bengali-nli/train.parquet"
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+ )
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## Annotation Process
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+
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+ - **Orthographic correction**: GPT-4-turbo proposals, human-reviewed only — never used for label assignment
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+ - **Inter-annotator agreement**: κ=0.91
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+ - **Class balancing**: 312 manually created and validated premise-hypothesis pairs
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+ - **Semantic fidelity**: 99.2% preserved relative to original texts after correction
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+
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+ ## License
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+
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+ Released under **CC BY 4.0**.
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ If you use this dataset, please cite:
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+
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @ARTICLE{BnLM-BLUGE-B-CORE,
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+ author={Hossain, Nahid and Faisal Kabir, Md.},
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+ journal={IEEE Access},
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+ title={Efficient Monolingual Pretraining in Low-Resource Settings Through Morphology-Aware Tokenization, Principled Corpus Denoising, and Benchmark-Driven Evaluation},
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+ year={2026},
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+ volume={14},
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+ number={},
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+ pages={91979-92003},
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+ keywords={Modeling;Multilingual;Training;Cleaning;Vocabulary;Labeling;Tokenization;Computational linguistics;Pipelines;Conferences;B-CORE;BLUGE;BnLM;corpus;evaluation benchmark;pretrained models},
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+ doi={10.1109/ACCESS.2026.3701520}
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+ }
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+ ```