The sections in QFP include the following: Determining the Client’s Need for Services; Contraceptive Services; Pregnancy Testing and Counseling; Clients Who Want to Become Pregnant; Basic Infertility Services; Preconception Health Services; Sexually Transmitted Disease Services; and Related Preventive Health Services. In addition, the QFP includes an appendix entitled Screening Services for Which Evidence Does Not Support Screening.In April 2014, CDC published “Providing Quality Family Planning Services: Recommendations of CDC and the U.S. Office of Population Affairs” (QFP), which describes the scope of services that should be offered in a family planning visit and how to provide those services  , and professional medical associations such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Academy of Pediatrics.2), and covered guidelines published during April 2014–December 2015. This report summarizes recommendations from guidelines published during January 2016–April 2017. CDC and the Office of Population Affairs prepared these updates by searching for materials from CDC, USPSTF, and other professional medical organizations that had recommendations referenced in the original QFP. When updated recommendations were identified, they were evaluated for changes in implications for providing family planning care. CDC and the Office of Population Affairs determined that none of the newly published recommendations marked a substantial shift in how family planning care should be provided, and therefore did not seek additional review to consider the implications for the QFP for this update. Technical reviews from clinical experts representing a broad range of family planning providers might be appropriate for future updates.The scope of preventive services related to reproductive health is constantly evolving as new scientific findings are published and clinical recommendations are modified accordingly. Being knowledgeable about the most current recommendations is an important step toward providing the highest quality care to patients. To keep QFP current with the latest recommendations, CDC and the Office of Population Affairs publish occasional updates that summarize newly published clinical recommendations. The first of these updates was published in March 2016  for emergency contraception.Revisions to the recommendations for postpartum women; women who are breastfeeding; women with known dyslipidemias, migraine headaches, superficial venous disease, gestational trophoblastic disease, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; and women who are receiving antiretroviral therapy.https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/rr/rr6503a1_appendix.htmFor all 2016 updated recommendations, see Tables A1 and A2: Source: Curtis KM, Tepper NK, Jatlaoui TC, et al. U.S. medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep 2016;65(No. RR-3).The 2016 CDC recommendations update earlier 2013 recommendations that address a select group of common, yet sometimes complex, issues regarding initiation and use of specific contraceptive methods.Recommendations have been updated regarding when to start regular contraception after UPA emergency contraceptive pills:Advise the woman to start or resume hormonal contraception no sooner than 5 days after use of UPA, and provide or prescribe the regular contraceptive method as needed. For methods requiring a visit to a health care provider, such as depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), implants, and intrauterine devices (IUDs), starting the method at the time of UPA use may be considered; the risk that the regular contraceptive method might decrease the effectiveness of UPA must be weighed against the risk of not starting a regular hormonal contraceptive method.The woman needs to abstain from sexual intercourse or use barrier contraception for the next 7 days after starting or resuming regular contraception or until her next menses, whichever comes first.Any nonhormonal contraceptive method can be started immediately after the use of UPA.The woman should be advised to have a pregnancy test if she does not have a withdrawal bleed within 3 weeks.New recommendations have been made regarding medications used to ease IUD insertion:Misoprostol is not recommended for routine use before IUD insertion. Misoprostol might be helpful in select circumstances .Paracervical block with lidocaine might reduce patient pain during IUD insertion.Source: Curtis KM, Jatlaoui TC, Tepper NK, et al. U.S. selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep 2016;65(No. RR-4).DepressionThe 2016 USPSTF recommendation for adults reaffirms the 2009 recommendation to screen all adults when staff-assisted depression care supports are in place. This replaces the 2009 recommendation regarding selective screening of adults.The 2016 USPSTF recommendation for adolescents aged 12–18 years reaffirms the 2009 recommendation to screen for major depressive disorder when systems are in place to ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up. The 2016 statement removes the recommendation of specific psychotherapies in recognition of decreased concern over the harms of pharmacotherapy in adolescents as long as they are adequately monitored.Sources:US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for depression in adults. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016.US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for depression in children and adolescents. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016.American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Health Care for Underserved Women. Committee opinion no. 654: reproductive life planning to reduce unintended pregnancy.Obstet Gynecol2016;127:e66–9. 10.1097/AOG.000000000000131426942389CurtisKM, TepperNK, JatlaouiTC, U.S. medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use, 2016.MMWR Recomm Rep2016;65(No. RR-3):1–103. 10.15585/mmwr.rr6503a127467196CurtisKM, JatlaouiTC, TepperNK, U.S. selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use, 2016.MMWR Recomm Rep2016;65(No. RR-4):1–66. 10.15585/mmwr.rr6504a127467319American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Obstetric Practice. Committee opinion no. 670: immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception.Obstet Gynecol2016;128:e32–7. 10.1097/AOG.000000000000158727454734American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Gynecologic Practice Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Expert Work Group. Committee opinion no. 672: clinical challenges of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods.Obstet Gynecol2016;128:e69–77. 10.1097/AOG.000000000000164427548557PfeiferS, ButtsS, FossumG, ; Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine in collaboration with the Society for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility. Optimizing natural fertility: a committee opinion.Fertil Steril2017;107:52–8. 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.02928228319American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Health Care for Underserved Women. Committee opinion no. 654: reproductive life planning to reduce unintended pregnancy.Obstet Gynecol2016;127:e66–9. 10.1097/AOG.000000000000131426942389KimDK, RileyLE, HarrimanKH, HunterP, BridgesCB. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended immunization schedule for adults aged 19 years or older—United States, 2017.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2017;66:136–8. 10.15585/mmwr.mm6605e228182599RobinsonCL, RomeroJR, KempeA, PellegriniC; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Child/Adolescent Immunization Work Group. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended immunization schedule for children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger—United States, 2017.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2017;66:134–5. 10.15585/mmwr.mm6605e128182607US Preventive Services Task Force. Folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defects: preventive medication. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2017. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/folic-acid-for-the-prevention-of-neural-tube-defects-preventive-medicationUS Preventive Services Task Force. Depression in adults: screening. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/depression-in-adults-screening1US Preventive Services Task Force. Depression in children and adolescents: screening. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-screening1US Preventive Services Task Force. Syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents: screening. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/syphilis-infection-in-nonpregnant-adults-and-adolescentsUS Preventive Services Task Force. Breast cancer: screening. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/breast-cancer-screening1US Preventive Services Task Force. Gynecological conditions: periodic screening with the pelvic examination. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2017. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/gynecological-conditions-screening-with-the-pelvic-examinationUS Preventive Services Task Force. Genital herpes infection: serologic screening. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2016. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/genital-herpes-screening11. GavinL, MoskoskyS, CarterM, . Providing quality family planning services: recommendations of CDC and the U.S. Office of Population Affairs.MMWR Recomm Rep2014;63(No. RR-04).247596902. GavinL, PazolK. Update: providing quality family planning services—recommendations from CDC and the U.S. Office of Population Affairs, 2015.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2016;65:231–4. 10.15585/mmwr.mm6509a326963363


Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters launched with BioMed Central in January, 2016. Previously, its publishers were Walter De Gruyter in 2015, and Springer from 2006–2014. Content from 2015 (Volume 20) is available in the archive.


Corrigendum to:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2528Casties I, Seebens H, Briski E (2016) Importance of geographic origin for invasion success: a case study of the North and Baltic Seas versus the Great Lakes‐St. Lawrence River region. Ecology and Evolution, 6(22), 8318–8329. The authors of the paper Casties et al. (2016) want to note that Figure 1 appeared incorrectly. Please find the correct figure below.


Correction to:npj Systems Biology and Applications (2016) 2, 16002; doi:10.1038/npjsba.2016.2; published online 3 March 2016After online publication of this article, the authors noticed an error in the input files used for running the Prize Collecting Steiner Forest algorithm for With publication of this corrigendum, rectified


De Novo Sequencing and Assembly Analysis of the Pseudostellaria heterophylla Transcriptome. PLoS ONE 11(10): e0164235.The second author’s name is incorrect. The correct name is: Wei Zheng. The correct citation is: Li J, Zheng W, Long D, Ding L, Gong A, Xiao C, et al. (2016) P. heterophylla cultivar ‘Shitai 1’ was selected and grown in a commercial planting base in Shibing County, Guizhou Province, China.There is an error in the first sentence of the Methods section. The correct sentence is:


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-16850-z, published online 29 November 2017Correction to: The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete.“Advanced Research Foundation, grant #7/019/2014-2017, supported the laser inscription experiments. Ministry of Education of Science of Russian Federation, grant #14.Z50.31.0009, have funded measurement, math treatment and analysis of the obtained data. The authors are grateful to Dr. R. Drevinskas for discussions of methods for measuring the optical phase.”should read:“Advanced Research Foundation, grant #7/019/2014-2017, supported the laser inscription experiments. Ministry of Education of Science of Russian Federation, grant #14.Z50.31.0009, have funded measurement, math treatment and analysis of the obtained data. A part of the study related to the measurements of refractive index change was also supported by the Royal Society (UK) International Exchanges Program (Grant IE150203). The authors are grateful to Dr. R. Drevinskas for helpful discussions.”


Correction to:Cell Discovery (2016) 2, 16037; doi:10.1038/celldisc.2016.37; Published 18 October 2016x axis and y axis were left out. The corrected In the initial published version of this article, an error was made in


Scientific Data 3:160115 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2016.115 (2016); Published 20 December 2016; Updated 14 March 2017The original version of this Data Descriptor contained a typographical error in the spelling of the author A. Lamontanara, which was incorrectly given as A. Lamontara. This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Data Descriptor.


Correction to:Cell Death and Disease (2016) 7, e2388; doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.260; published online 29 September 2016Cell Death and Disease in 2016, the authors noted an error contained in Since the publication of this article in The corrected article appears online together with this corrigendum.The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.


Correction to: Translational Psychiatry (2016) 6, e713; doi:10.1038/tp.2015.209; published online 19 January 2016The authors noticed that an omission was made in the Acknowledgements section. The omitted data appear below.This project was partially funded by a grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Health.


Correction to:Clinical & Translational Immunology (2017) 6, e126; doi:10.1038/cti.2016.87; published online 20 January 2017.The volume number in the PDF of the above paper was published incorrectly. It should be 6 instead of 5. This has now been corrected in the PDF.The publishers wish to apologize for any inconvenience caused.


Dear Editors,Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2017; 5: 13 [We read with interest the publication by Wei et al., Mitochondrial DNA Point Mutations and Relative Copy Number in 1363 Disease and Control Human Brains, 7; 5: 13 . We disaSincerely,David K. Simon, MD PhD


CDC is assisting ministries of health and working with other organizations to end the ongoing epidemic of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) in West Africa . The updAccording to the latest World Health Organization update on November 14, 2014 , a totalThe 2,705 new Ebola cases reported during October 19–November 8 were more widely distributed geographically among districts in Guinea and Liberia compared with the 2,809 new cases reported during September 28–October 18 .As of November 8, the highest cumulative incidence rates  were reported by two prefectures in Guinea (Guéckédou and Macenta), four counties in Liberia , and five districts in Sierra Leone  . Evidenchttp://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/guinea/index.html. The most up-to-date infection control and clinical guidelines on the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa are available at http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/index.html.The latest updates on the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa, including case counts, are available at


AbstractOphiuroidea stored at the Italian National Antarctic Museum  are presented, corresponding to 1595 individuals that belong to 35 species and 17 genera. Specimens were collected in 106 different sampling stations at depths ranging from 21 to 1652 m in the framework of 14 Antarctic expeditions to the Ross Sea, one to the Antarctic Peninsula, and one to the Falkland Islands . Three species, Amphiurajoubini Koehler, 1912, Amphiura (Amphiura) angularis Lyman, 1879, and Ophiuraflexibilis , are reported as new records for the Terra Nova Bay area, whose check-list of species increases from 15 to 18 species. The determination of these three new records was based both on morphological identification and molecular analyses (COI barcoding). Some of the genetically characterised specimens were also documented through photogrammetry and micro-computed tomography and represent the first bulk of 3D models that will be available through the MNA and Sketchfab websites, both for research and educational purposes.The distributional records of  Museum collections have always been indispensable resources for biodiversity studies by providing data over a vast time span . The recOphiuroidea collected in the framework of several recent scientific expedition performed in the Southern Ocean and which are now permanently stored and curated at the Italian National Antarctic Museum . The Ross Sea expeditions were the Italian National Antarctic Program (PNRA) expedition “III” (1987/1988), “V” (1989/1990), “IX” (1993/1994), “X” (1994/1995), “XIII” (1997/1998), “XIV” (1998/1999), “XV” (1999/2000), “XVII” (2001/2002), “XIX” (2003/2004), “XXV” (2009/2010), “XXVII” (2011/2012), “XXVIII” (2012/2013), “XXIX” (2013/2014) and the New Zealand “TAN0802 IPY-CAML Oceans Survey 20/20” voyage (2008). Additional samples collected outside the Ross Sea were obtained from the German ANT-XXIX/3, PS81 expedition (2013) and the US ICEFISH 2004 voyage (2004).In this paper new distributional data is provided for MNA collections, ii) helping researchers in crosschecking morphological data of sequenced species from specific geographic areas (in this case species from the Ross Sea and Terra Nova Bay in particular), and iii) producing materials useful for educational purposes. Virtual collections guarantee rapid and simultaneous access to accurate virtual representations of important museum materials, such as type materials (e.g. MNA 2644 and MNA 7784) and on photogrammetry for larger ones (i.e. MNA 7368). The distributional dataset is the fourth MNA contribution to the Antarctic Biodiversity Portal, which is the thematic Antarctic node for both the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (AntOBIS) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (ANTABIF) (http://www.biodiversity.aq). Previous contributions were: In parallel to this data set a series of ophiuroid 3D models have also been developed based on ‘molecular vouchers’  that are released with the aim of: i) providing the widest accessibility to the als e.g.  or, as ials e.g.  for smalProject title: Antarctic Ophiuroidea in the collection of the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA)Curator and Promoter: Stefano SchiaparelliPersonnel: Matteo Cecchetto, Maria Chiara Alvaro, Claudio Ghiglione, Alice Guzzi, Claudio Mazzoli, Paola Piazza, Stefano SchiaparelliFunding sources: The Ophiuroidea were collected during different Italian, New Zealand, German and American research projects and expeditions to Antarctica funded by: i) the Italian National Antarctic Research Program (PNRA), ii) the Ministry for Primary Industries , iii) the Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research and iv) the National Science Foundation grant to H. William Detrich (North Eastern University). The full list of sponsors is listed below:PNRA research projectsItalian :• 2.1.4.6 (Necton e risorse da pesca) • 3.2.1.2.5 (Benthos) and 3.2.1.4 (Oceanografia geologica) • 2d.2 (Ecology and Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean) • 2d.2 (Ecology and Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean) • 2b.3.1 (Struttura e dinamica delle cenosi marine di Baia Terra Nova) PageBreak• 2b.3.1 (Struttura e dinamica delle cenosi marine di Baia Terra Nova) • 8.5 (L’area marina protetta di Baia Terra Nova: struttura e variazioni a breve e lungo termine) • 4.7  • 8.5 (L’area marina protetta di Baia Terra Nova: struttura e variazioni a breve e lungo termine) • 1.3  • 2002/8.6  • 2006/08.01  • 2010/A1.10  • 2009/A1.09  • 2010/A1.10  Pleuragrammaantarcticum) • 2010/A1.11  • 2013/AZ1.18 (RAISE: Ricerche integrate sulla ecologia dell’Antarctic Silverfish nel MarE di Ross) New Zealand research projects:NIWA)• IPY-CAML voyage  - Census of Antarctic Marine Life programme - funded by the Government of New Zealand and administered by the Ocean Survey 20/20 CAML Advisor Group • Project 3.1   (M.C. Alvaro PageBreakAmerican research project:http://www.icefish.neu.edu) (M. Vacchi legit)• ICEFISH 2004 Cruise expedition, the first comprehensive international survey of the fishes of the Sub-Antarctic marine habitat  and southeast Falkland Islands . The bathymetric range of sampling stations was from 21 to 1652 m.Design description: Data were assembled by revising Ophiuroidea voucher specimens curated by the Italian National Antarctic Museum collection (MNA), Section of Genoa, Genoa . These samples were collected in the framework of the above reported research expeditions, which had different aims and geographical scopes.Method step description: See sampling description below and flowchart of Figure Study extent description: The Ophiuroidea distributional data here considered originated from 106 different sampling stations ranging between 21 and 1652 metres of depth , of the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), of the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) and of the USA Antarctic Program. Sampling was performed through the deployment of a variety of sampling gears. Benthic sampling under the Italian PNRA was mainly performed by using a heterogeneous set of dredges (i.e. Charcot dredge and Triangular dredges) and Van Veen grabs of different volumes, plus an unconventional set of gears for sampling benthic fauna such as gillnets, trammel nets, long lines, also comprising a mid-water trawls  that opportunistically collected benthic specimens due to accidental contact with the bottom during gear deployment failures. Two samples were collected during the “XVII” and “XXV” PNRA expeditions by SCUBA divers along the rocky cliffs of Tethys Bay. The NIWA expedition “TAN0802 IPY-CAML” (2008) used an epibenthic sled  and a rough-bottom trawl (ORH). The German expedition “ANT-XXIX/3” (PS81) collected the material through the deployment of an Agassiz trawl while an Otter trawl was used to sample the single specimen collected during the ICEFISH 2004 cruise. After the material has been acquired by the MNA and included in the collections, all the specimens were classified to the lowest possible taxonomical resolution on a morphological base mainly by following PNRA projects 2010/A1.10 “BAMBi” (Barcoding of Antarctic Marine Biodiversity) and PNRA 2013/AZ1.15 “ISOBIOTOX” . DNA extraction and sequencing of partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) was carried out at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding  and sequences were uploaded on the BOLD platform . The primers used for amplification were LCOech1aF1 and HCO2198 (http://iobis.org/data/schema-and-meta-data) and according to the SCAR-MarBIN Data Toolkit (available at http://www.scarmarbin.be/documents/SM-FATv1.zip). The dataset was uploaded into AntOBIS (the Antarctic thematic node of OBIS). Vouchers stored at the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA), Section of Genoa, Genoa  are preserved, according to the different lots, in 75% ethanol, frozen (-20°C) or dried  obtained by sequencing a total of 167 specimens representative of all the different morphospecies found here. The outcomes of the molecular study will be the subject of another publication and here we release only the COI sequences corresponding to the specimens that have been used to produce 3D models.PageBreakat various steps in order to produce quality data and make consistent cross-references between the database and samples’ labels  to manage its collections and link all the data  to the physical samples. Geo-referencing on board of the different research vessels was based on the interpolation of GPS satellite receivers and a gyrocompass. Station coordinates and sampling events were recorded during sampling activities based on various GPS systems.During all the phases of sorting, classification, and storage of samples at the Italian National Antarctic Museum, quality control and data cleaning have been undertaken els Fig. . The MNAGeneral taxonomic coverage description: This dataset focused on the Class Ophiuroidea  and includes a total of 1595 specimens belonging to 17 genera and 35 different species. In the Southern Ocean, the Class Ophiuroidea numbers 219 species , thus representing one of the most important benthic groups of the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions. Amphiurajoubini Koehler, 1912, one specimen of Amphiura (Amphiura) angularis Lyman, 1879, and four specimens of Ophiuraflexibilis . These records have thus to be added to the Terra Nova Bay checklist provided by Chiantore et al. (2006) and increase the check-list of Terra Nova Bay ophiuroid species from 15 to 18. The determination of these new records was also molecularly cross-checked (and confirmed) through COI barcodes. The outcomes of the barcoding effort on Terra Nova Bay ophiuroids and other echinoderm classes will be the subject of a separate contribution.PageBreakKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: EchinodermataClass: OphiuroideaOrder: EuryalidaFamily: GorgonocephalidaeGenera: Astrotoma, Astrochlamys, GorgonocephalusSpecies: Astrochlamysbruneus; Astrochlamyssol; Astrotomaagassizii; Gorgonocephalus sp.Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: EchinodermataClass: OphiuroideaOrder: OphiuridaFamily: Amphiuridae, Ophiacantidae, Ophiolepididae, Ophiuridae, OphiuridaeGenera: Amphiura; Ophiacantha; Ophiocamax; Ophioceres; Ophiocten; Ophiogona; Ophioleuce; Ophiolimna; Ophionotus; Ophioperla; Ophioplinthus; Ophiosparte; Ophiosteira; OphiuraSpecies: Amphiuraalgida; Amphiura (Amphiura) angularis; Amphiurabelgicae; Amphiurajoubini; Amphiura sp.; Ophiacanthaantarctica; Ophiacanthapentactis; Ophiacantha sp.; Ophiacanthavivipara; Ophiocamaxgigas; Ophioceresincipiens; Ophioctendubium; Ophioctenmegaloplax; Ophiogonadoederleini; Ophioleuceregulare; Ophiolimnaantarctica; Ophionotusvictoriae; Ophioperlakoehleri; Ophioplinthusbrevirima; Ophioplinthusgelida; Ophioplinthusmartensi; Ophioplinthus sp.; Ophiospartegigas; Ophiosteiraantarctica; Ophiosteirabullivanti; Ophiosteiraechinulata; Ophiuraambigua; Ophiura (Ophiuroglypha) carinifera; Ophiuracrassa; Ophiuraflexibilis; Ophiura sp.General geographic description: The Ross Sea, the Bransfield Strait in the Antarctic Peninsula and southeast of the Falkland Islands   Figure , 4 and 5PNRA III expedition: -74.7125 and -74.79167; 164.03000 and 164.13667PNRA V expedition: -74.68745 and -74.87100; 164.02433 and 164.26083PNRA IX expedition: -74.72000; 164.14000PNRA X expedition: -74.69320 and -74.71688; 164.04272 and 164.14700PNRA XIII expedition: -74.68750; 164.14550PNRA XIV expedition: -74.68762 and -74.89950; 163.93748 and 164.10728PageBreakPNRA XV expedition: -74.71343 and -74.72053; 164.17060 and 164.17783PNRA XVII expedition: -72.20967 and -77.65133; 164.03418 and -166.79183PNRA XIX expedition: -71.28833 and -74.82167; 164.19167 and 170.65333PNRA XXV expedition: -74.69027 and -74.69768; 164.10255 and 164.13108PNRA XXVII expedition: -74.68562 and -74.71337; 164.03502 and 164.14903PNRA XXVIII expedition: -74.68090 and -74.77737; 164.05285 and 164.23640PNRA XXIX expedition: -74.68677 and -74.72283; 164.12278 and 164.24206New Zealand TAN0802 IPY-CAML voyage: -66.93250 and -73.24817; 170.87700 and 178.72367German ANT-XXIX/3 (PS81) expedition: -62.43250 and -63.00883; -56.28767 and -58.68483American ICEFISH 2004 cruise: -52.48498; -54.86978PNRA III expedition (1987/1988): January 15, 1988 - February 2, 1988PNRA V expedition (1989/1990): December 25, 1989 - December 29, 1989PNRA IX expedition (1993/1994): December 17, 1993PNRA X expedition (1994/1995): January 25, 1995 - February 8, 1995PNRA XIII expedition (1997/1998): February 21, 1998PNRA XIV expedition (1998/1999): January 25, 1999 - February 10, 1999PNRA XV expedition (1999/2000): February 10, 2000PNRA XVII expedition (2001/2002): January 4, 2002 - February 10, 2002PNRA XIX expedition (2003/2004): February 4, 2004 - February 21, 2004PNRA XXV expedition (2009/2010): December 10, 2009 - January 11, 2010PNRA XXVII expedition (2011/2012): January 27, 2012 - February 3, 2012PNRA XXVIII expedition (2012/2013): January 9, 2013 - January 31, 2013PNRA XXIX expedition (2013/2014): January 16, 2014 - February 3, 2014New Zealand TAN0802 IPY-CAML voyage (2008): February 19, 2008 - March 14, 2008German ANT-XXIX/3 (PS81) expedition (2013): January 26, 2013 - March 5, 2013American ICEFISH 2004 cruise (2004): June 26, 1905Parent collection identifier: Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA) Section of Genoa, ItalyCollection name: MNA (Section of Genoa) Invertebrate Collection – Antarctic and sub-Antarctic OphiuroideaSpecimen preservation method: Part of the material collected during the older expeditions (roughly from 1988 to 2004) was fixed in ethanol or formalin immediately after isolation and kept in tubes or vials for further studies, while the remaining samples PageBreakwere dried out to facilitate morphological identifications. The specimens corresponding to these older expeditions are therefore generally not usable for molecular analyses. Instead, the material collected during recent expeditions (i.e. roughly from 2005 to 2014) was fixed in 75% ethanol or frozen immediately after isolation and kept in the same condition in order to preserve the DNA quality and integrity .ity Fig. . MoleculVirtual collection of vouchers and 3D models: 3D models were obtained from three barcoded specimens of the species Ophiosteiraechinulata (MNA 2644)    and 3.95 μm (sample MNA 2644), respectively. Three-dimensional rendering and animations were performed with CTVox software package (Bruker).44) Fig. , O.antaca MNA 774  Fig. . The firMNA 7368) was produced by using photogrammetry and assembling pictures taken with a Nikon D700 equipped with a Nikon AF-S Micro Nikkor 105 mm (1: 2.8G ED) lens (corresponding to a resolution of 4256 x 2832 and a pixel size of 8.46 x 8.46 μm) in Agisoft Photoscan Professional 1.3.1. The MNA 3D models based on materials curated at the museum will be available from the MNA web site (www.mna.it) and from the Sketchfab gallery dedicated to cultural heritage and museums (https://sketchfab.com/MNA).The third model . The Darwin Core elements included in the dataset are: occurrence ID , institution code , basis of record , preparations (i.e. the preservation method), catalogue number , individual PageBreakcount, sampling protocol (i.e. sampling gear), event date , event remarks (i.e. expedition), field number (i.e. sampling station), field notes , maximum depth in meters, decimal latitude (DD), decimal longitude (DD) and scientific name.PageBreakObject name: MNA (Section of Genoa) – Antarctic and sub-Antarctic OphiuroideaCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0PageBreakDistribution: http://ipt.biodiversity.aq/resource.do?r=mna_antarctic_ophiuroideaLanguage: EnglishMetadata language: EnglishLicense of use: This dataset [MNA (Section of Genoa) – Antarctic and sub-Antarctic Ophiuroidea] is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY) 4.0: http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcodeDate of metadata creation: 2017-05-04Hierarchy level: Dataset


There is an error in reference 27. The correct reference is: Marušić A, Bošnjak L, Jerončić A. A systematic review of research on the meaning, ethics and practices of authorship across scholarly disciplines. PLoS ONE. 2011;6: e23477. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023477There is an error in reference 52. The correct reference is: Haüssler C, Sauermann H. Credit where credit is due? The impact of project contributions and social factors on authorship and inventorship. Res Policy. 2013;42: 688–703.The second sentence of the fourth paragraph in the Introduction section should have cited reference 52 instead of 27.The correct sentence should read: Researchers may award guest authorship to colleagues in hopes of receiving reciprocal authorship on that colleague’s publications or to increase the likelihood of an article’s publication due to that colleague’s political or reputational influence [52].The fourth sentence of the last paragraph in the Introduction section should have cited references 36, 53 instead of 28, 37. In the same sentence, the references 38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48 should be replaced with the following omitted references:Drenth JPH. Multiple authorship: the contribution of senior authors. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 1998;280: 219–221.Regalado A. Multiauthor papers on the rise. Science. 1995;268: 25.Modi P, Hassan A, Teng CJ, Chitwood Jr WR. “How many cardiac surgeons does it take to write a research article?”: seventy years of authorship proliferation and internalization in the cardiothoracic surgical literature. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;136: 4–6.Onwude JL, Staines A, Lilford RJ. Multiple author trend worst in medicine. BMJ. 1993;306: 1345.Borry P, Schotsmans P, Dierickx K. Author, contributor or just a signer? a quantitative analysis of authorship trends in the field of bioethics. Bioethics. 2006;20: 213–220.Epstein RJ. Six authors in search of a citation: villains or victims of the Vancouver convention? BMJ. 1993;306: 765–767.https://www.geosociety.org/gsatoday/archive/17/7/pdf/i1052-5173-17-7-44.pdf.Engelder T. The coupling between devaluation of writing in scientific authorship and inflation of citation indices. GSA Today. 2007;17: 44–45. Available from: McDonald RJ, Neff KL, Rethlefsen ML, Kallmes DF. Effects of author contribution disclosures and numeric limitations on authorship trends. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85: 920–927.Shaban S. Multiple authorship trends in prestigious journals from 1950 to 2005. Saudi Med J. 2007;28: 927–932.http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.com/m/pdfs/klnl/8428096/swmultiauthor.pdf.King C. Multiauthor paper redux: a new peak at new peaks. Science Watch Nov-Dec. 2007; Available from: Cozzarelli NR. Responsible authorship of papers in PNAS. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2004;101: 10495.The references given in the sixth sentence of the last paragraph in the Introduction section are incorrect. In this sentence, the references 41, 45 should be replaced with the following omitted references:Epstein RJ. Six authors in search of a citation: villains or victims of the Vancouver convention? BMJ. 1993;306: 765–767.McDonald RJ, Neff KL, Rethlefsen ML, Kallmes DF. Effects of author contribution disclosures and numeric limitations on authorship trends. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85: 920–927.The tenth sentence of the first paragraph in the Discussion section should have cited reference 27 instead of 52.The correct sentence should read: Our cluster analysis revealed two general groups among middle authors, one characteristic of more senior level researchers  and the other more typical of junior level researchers  [27].The structure of all affected sentences in the original article remains the same.


Correction to:Molecular Psychiatry advance online publication, 18 October 2016; doi:10.1038/mp.2016.179Following publication of the above article, the authors noticed that an obsolete version of the Supplementary Information (DOCX 18 kb)


Correction to:Heredity (2016) 118, 52–63; doi:10.1038/hdy.2016.99; published online 2 November 2016Updated online 7 December 2016: This article was originally published under NPG's License to Publish, but has now been made available under a CC BY 4.0 license. The PDF and HTML versions of the paper have been modified accordingly.The corrected article appears in this issue together with this corrigendum. The publisher wishes to apologize for any inconvenience caused.


Retraction: Data in this paper was plagiarized from “Clinical application of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in diagnosis of superficial lymphadenopathy,” in the Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 2010; 29:735-40.Footnotes: The online version of the original article can be found under doi.52416-52422. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9385Original article: Oncotarget. 2016; 7:


CDC is assisting ministries of health and working with other organizations to end the ongoing epidemic of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) in West Africa . The updAccording to the latest World Health Organization update on December 10, 2014 , a totalThere were 4,281 new Ebola cases reported during the 4-week period of November 9–December 6, compared with the 2,705 new cases reported during the 3-week period of October 19–November 8 .As of December 6, the highest cumulative incidence rates  were reported by two prefectures in Guinea (Guéckédou and Macenta), six counties in Liberia , and six districts in Sierra Leone  . Evidenchttp://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/index.html. The most up-to-date infection control and clinical guidelines on the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa are available at http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/index.html.The latest updates on the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa, including case counts, are available at


AbstractIotarphiarufobrunnea Lee & Ahn, sp. n. is described from Tasmania. The new species is compared with another species of the genus, Iotarphiaaustralis Cameron. A description, habitus photograph and illustrations of the diagnostic characters are provided. Iotarphia Cameron. After detailed examination of the specimens and comparison with Iotarphiaaustralis Cameron (type species of Iotarphia), we concluded that these specimens represent a new species of the genus.While working on aleocharine beetles collected by the second author from the eastern and southern seashores in Tasmania, Australia, we found specimens very similar to the athetine genus PageBreakIotarphia and its single described species have been recorded only in a “maritime habitat” from New South Wales and from Tasmania, both in Australia , Coal Point, Bruny Island , collected 25.ix.2014, A.W. Osborn. Paratypes: 4, of which 3 (QVM:2016:12:1052 to 1054) share common collection data with holotype, and 1 (QVM:2014:12:0125) collected from Lighthouse Bay, Bruny Is., collected 24.ix.2014, A.W.Osborn.Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Launceston, Tasmania (QVMAG).All type specimens have been placed in the PageBreakyellow, elytra reddish brown except for basal darker region; surface slightly glossy, densely pubescent with fine microsculpture. Head. Slightly transverse, approximately 1.1–1.2 times as wide as long, widest across eyes, narrower than pronotum; eyes slightly large and prominent, about 1.2 times as long as temples; gular sutures moderately separated, slightly diverged basally. Antennae ; 40:43:46:48:78 (mesotarsus); 48:55:58:54:80 (metatarsus); one empodial seta present, shorter than claw. Abdomen. Subparallel-sided; surface glossy and densely pubescent, with transverse and imbricate microsculpture; male tergite VIII , Tasmania, Australia Fig. .Iotarphiaaustralis, but can be distinguished by the characters provided in Table 43.34211°S and 147.32178°E) and (ii) from a sandy substrate in which some small rocks were present within the littoral zone at Lighthouse Bay .This species is similar to Staphylinidae species in the Tasmanian fauna to five: Iotarphiaaustralis (= Psammoporadelittlei Pace), Iotarphiarufobrunnea Lee & Ahn, sp. n., Teropalpuspictipes (Lea), Cafiuspacificus (Erichson), and Remussericeus (Holme).The description of the new species within the present paper brings the total number of coastal


Correction to:Journal of Human Hypertension (2017) 31, 305–312; doi:10.1038/jhh.2016.78; published online 22 December 2016The text of the licence type for this paper was incorrect on the full text version. The following is the correct text:The publishers wish to apologise for their error.


AbstractOpadometa are difficult to associate with conspecific females, and sex-matching errors may persist in the taxonomic literature. Recommended best practices for definitive sex matching in this genus suggest finding a male in the web of a female, or better yet, mating pairs.Males of Opadometa was observed hanging on a frame line of the web of a female Opadometasarawakensis, a species for which the male was previously undescribed. This occurred during a tropical ecology field course held at the Danau Girang Field Centre in Sabah, Malaysia. A taxonomic description was completed as a course activity.A male  Opadometa species. Opadometa Males”, in which they detailed the complexities of associating the rarely collected males of Opadometa with conspecific females. They included photographs of a male Opadometa collected in the vicinity of the red and blue female, but warned that it would be premature to conclude that these are conspecific. Males of Opadometa are rare in collections and notoriously difficult to associate with conspecific females, which are more than twice their length and much heavier. Confirmation of male-female conspecificity, they state, should be accepted, “…only if the males and females are found in the same web, or better still, are seen copulating.” (p. 260).The cover of Koh and Ming’s 2014 field guide to the Spiders of Borneo was graced with a striking but at the time undescribed red and blue Opadometa species based on a female specimen from Sarawak, Malaysia. The male was not described, and Dzulhelime et al. echoed some of the sentiment expressed by Koh and Ming regarding the difficulties of associating male and female Opadometa.Opadometa. The female spider matched Dzulhelmi et al.’s (2015) description of Opadometasarawakensis. A survey of orb web-building spiders near DGFC found no other Opadometa species. The students resolved, along with lecturers and field station scientific staff, to describe the male and provide additional data on the female, as well as data on the ecology and behavior of the species, and submit their results in the form of a manuscript before the end of the course. This is the second contribution to spider taxonomy and natural history to be produced in this way  in Sabah, Malaysia, found a mature male at the margin of the web of a red and blue this way .Opadometa are currently cataloged , O.fastigata , O.kuchingensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015, and O.sarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015  were established on the order of 100 years ago and have not been revisited (Four species (plus eight subspecies) of ataloged : O.gratti, 2015 . The typhis name ; Fig. 1.evisited ; their sO.grata have been collected together with females of O.fastigata . Examination of illustrations of the male pedipalp in the legacy taxonomic literature reveals a clue: the Cymbial Basal Process (CBP) of specimens from New Guinea and New Hebrides extend more or less retrolaterally from the cymbium before curving distally ; males from elsewhere have the CBP extend nearly posteriorly before curving  Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, in Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: DGFCW2018022300; recordedBy: Jeremy Miller and Christian Freund; individualCount: 2; sex: 1 male, 1 female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Opadometasarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015; Location: country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre trails; verbatimElevation: 23 m; decimalLatitude: 5.41619; decimalLongitude: 118.0426; Event: eventDate: 2018-02-23; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: DGFCW2018022402; recordedBy: Jeremy Miller, Christian Freund, Liselotte Rambonnet, Lianne Koets, Natasha Zulaikha, and Jozsef Geml; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Opadometasarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015; Location: country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre trails; verbatimElevation: 23 m; decimalLatitude: 5.40999; decimalLongitude: 118.04204; Event: eventDate: 2018-02-24; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: DGFCW2018022611; recordedBy: Jeremy Miller and Christian Freund; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Opadometasarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015; Location: country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre trails; verbatimElevation: 22 m; decimalLatitude: 5.41623; decimalLongitude: 118.04273; Event: eventDate: 2018-02-26; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenMale: from Sabah, Malaysia (DGFCW2018022300). Prosoma uniform orange. Eight eyes in two rows, with the medians closer together than to the laterals; posterior median eyes oriented slightly toward the front; lateral eyes touching. Sternum dusky orange, darker posteriorly. Chelicerae orange, enlarged, diverging distally, armed in front and basolaterally with strong macrosetae; macrosetae absent from frontal-basal region Fig. a; femur 3Abdomen gray dorsally with silvery patches and an anteriodorsal dark spot, black posteriorly and ventrally with two posteriolateral and one ventral orange spot, with a small anteriolateral black spot and a larger posteriolateral black spot, which joins with the black ventral marking.Palpal trochanter, femur, and tibia very long Fig. c. Cymbiahere). Our observations of females from DGFC largely agree with the description in 44Female: For description and diagnosis of female, see Male (DGFCW2018022300): Total length 2.8; carapace length 1.4, width 0.9; abdomen length 1.4, width 0.9, height 0.9.Female (DGFCW2018022300): Total length 6.2; carapace length 3.6, width 2.4; abdomen length 5.0, width 2.8, height 2.7.Female (DGFCW2018022402): Total length 8.1; carapace length 3.4, width 2.7; abdomen length 7.6, width 4.2, height 4.2.Female (DGFCW2018022611): Total length 5.0; carapace length 3.5, width 2.1; abdomen length 4.4, width 2.6, height 2.6.O.grata; Fig. 1a, b, c, d, g) in which the CBP extends almost retrolaterally from the cymbium before curving distally; distinguished from males illustrated from further West in Southeast Asia (presumably true O.fastigata) by the length of the CBP, which is shorter and more gradually curved in O.sarawakensis  of male palp projects initially posteriorly Fig. c, distinsis Fig. c than insis Fig. c, d, whisis Fig. d and O.yes Fig. c, which sis Fig. a, b, d a3.2-3.5; .Opadometasarawakensis is known from lowland dipterocarp forest in Bako National Park, Sarawak and Maliau Basin, Sabah, Malaysia ; no other Opadometa species were encountered. Opadometasarawakensis build open-hub webs with an inflection point so that the top half is more steeply inclined than the bottom half. The specific angles were quite different between the two webs measured  have a female/male size ratio of 2.2, meaning the female is more than twice the total length of the male.Sexual size dimorphism in Opadometa, Opadometa they found in proximity to the red and blue Opadometa was conspecific. In light of the new data presented here, it appears that the male photographed in Koh and Ming (p. 260) is in fact O.sarawakensis.Given the troubled history of matching sexes in O.sarawakensis presented here is behavioral  and faunistic (only one Opadometa species found in survey of orbweaving spiders). Another possible line of evidence would be DNA barcode sequences (Taxon Expeditions) is involved with field trials of the MinION, a portable DNA sequencer from Oxford Nanopore Technologies  while O.fastigata is found further West, this should clear up some of the confusion regarding the distribution, sex matching, and anatomical features found in this genus.More work clearly needs to be done to sort out the distributions of the known


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-02596-1, published online 07 June 2017Correction to: In this Article, the author contributions section is incomplete:“Dr. Benito-León (jbenitol67@gmail.com) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization and execution of the research project; (2) the statistical analysis design, and; (3) and the writing of the manuscript first draft and the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Mato-Abad (virginia.mato@urjc.es) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; (2) the statistical analysis design; and (3) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Louis  collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Hernández-Tamames (juanantonio.hernandez@ctb.upm.es) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Álvarez-Linera  collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Domingo-Santos (gela_yo@hotmail.com) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Luis Collado (lcollado@med.ucm.es) in: (1) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Romero (juanpa5@hotmail.com) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript.”should read:“Dr. Benito-León (jbenitol67@gmail.com) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization and execution of the research project; (2) the statistical analysis design, and; (3) and the writing of the manuscript first draft and the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Mato-Abad (virginia.mato@urjc.es) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; (2) the statistical analysis design; and (3) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Louis  collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Hernández-Tamames (juanantonio.hernandez@ctb.upm.es) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Álvarez-Linera  collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Bermejo-Pareja (fbermejop2013@yahoo.es) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Domingo-Santos (gela_yo@hotmail.com) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Luis Collado (lcollado@med.ucm.es) in: (1) the review and critique of the manuscript. Dr. Romero (juanpa5@hotmail.com) collaborated in: (1) the conception, organization of the research project; and (2) the review and critique of the manuscript.”


Correction to:Horticulture Research (2016) 3, 16017; doi:10.1038/hortres.2016.17; Published online 04 May 2016Since the publication of this article, the authors have noticed an error in In addition, the author Xiuxin Deng should be removed from the author list.The authors would like to apologize for this error.


Three references that were cited in fifth sentence of the fifth paragraph in the Discussion were omitted from the Reference section. The sentence is: The extensive literature on “bargaining” in economics  was also more focused on the case in which players are in a symmetric position, and usually did not investigate proportional bargaining solutions.The references are:RAND Journal of Economics, 17(2), 176–188. http://doi.org/10.2307/2555382Binmore, K., Rubinstein, A., & Wolinsky, A. (1986). The Nash bargaining solution in economic modelling. Rationality and Society, 23, 151–173. Retrieved from http://rss.sagepub.com/content/10/3/275.shortBinmore, K. (1998). The evolution of fairness norms. Philosophy of Science, 67(3), 490–516. http://doi.org/10.1086/392792Alexander, J. M. (2000). Evolutionary Explanations of Distributive Justice. A reference that was cited in the sixth sentence of the fifth paragraph in the Discussion was omitted from the References section. The sentence is: An exception is the work by Kalai (1977) , who shows that individuals will compromise in different bargaining situations so as to keep their proportions of utility gains fixed.Econometrica, 45(7), 1623–1630. http://doi.org/10.2307/1913954The reference is: Kalai, E. (1977). Proportional Solutions to Bargaining Situations: Interpersonal Utility Comparisons.


Scientific Data 3:160030 doi:10.1038/sdata.2016.30 (2016); Published 10 May 2016; Updated 31 Jan 2017The original version of this Data Descriptor contained a typographical error in the spelling of the author Douglas B. Rusch, which was incorrectly given as Douglas Rush. This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Data Descriptor.


A reference is omitted from the first sentence of the second paragraph under the heading “Ppr Localizes to Mitochondria and Its Loss Causes a Progressive Defect in ERGs” in the Results section. The sentence should read:CG14786/Lrpprc2 (ppr) , which is required for the coordination of mitochondrial translation .The causative mutations of the five alleles of this complementation group were mapped to Drosophila melanogaster LRPPRC2 is involved in coordination of mitochondrial translation. Nucleic Acids Res. Dec 16;42(22):13920–38. doi: 10.1093/nar/gku1132. Epub 2014 Nov 26.The reference is: Baggio F, Bratic A, Mourier A, Kauppila TE, Tain LS, Kukat C, et al. (2014)


Across all these years, the Conference was chaired by Prof. Nikolay A. Kolchanov  and Prof. Ralf Hofestädt . In 2016, the multi-conference held parallel events and symposia on systems biology and biomedicine (SBioMed-2016) (http://conf.bionet.nsc.ru/ishg2016/en/), cognitive sciences (http://physiol.ru/csgb2016/), and mathematical modeling in biology (MM-HPC-BBB-2016) (http://conf.bionet.nsc.ru/mm-hpc-bbb-2016/en/). Since 2014, the BGRS Program Committee has collaborated with BioMed Central on full-text thematic issues reflecting the main science achievements of the conference series in past years. Recently BioMed Central had published several special issues based on best materials presented at the conference in BMC Genetics [http://bmcgenet.biomedcentral.com/articles/supplements/volume-16-supplement-1), BMC Genomics , BMC Evolutionary Biology , and BMC Systems biology .This special issue continues the series of BioMed Central special post-conference journal issues . All these issues collate the papers presented at BGRS\SB-2016, 10th International Conference “Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure\Systems Biology” which took place at August 29 - September 2, 2016 in Novosibirsk, Russia. The BGRS conference series started in 1998 in Novosibirsk Akademgorodok  in the tumour suppressor APC gene. It was shown that both putative promoters of APC (1A and 1B) drive transcription in an in vitro reporter experiment, many SNPs are functionally relevant and allele G of rs79896135 may be associated with the predisposition to colorectal cancer [The article by Kudryavtseva et al. highlights molecular mechanism of hexokinases function in tumorigenesis of human colorectal cancer and melanoma. The authors studied the effect of silencing hexokinase genes  in colorectal cancer and melanoma cells using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentiviral vectors suggesting the HK1 and HK2 genes as the key therapeutic targets for reducing aerobic glycolysis .Two papers by Korbolina et al.  and RyazThe paper by Elena Korbolina and colleagues  describeThe ISIAH rat strain  was developed by selection for high systolic arterial blood pressure (SABP) induced by restraint stress. Earlier studies showed that the ISIAH rats may be considered as a model of the human stress sensitive hypertensive disease with predominant involvement of the neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and sympathoadrenal systems in the pathogenesis of the hypertensive state .The studDendrolimus (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), which are among the major pests of coniferous forests worldwide. The study clarifies the taxonomy of the moths of this genus in Eurasia using mitochondrial markers.The paper by A. Kononov et al.  highlighFinally, the work by P. Drozdova et al.  discussehttp://www.bionet.nsc.ru/files/2016/conference/BGRS2016.pdf.All BGRS\SB-2016 Proceedings including “Bioinformatics and Systems Biology of Plants” section are available at the multi-conference web-site: http://www.worldscientific.com/toc/jbcb/13/01) [http://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/issue/view/15/showToc) (in Russian).Additionally, special issues on bioinformatics were published at the Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (http://conf.bionet.nsc.ru/sbb2016/en/) and Open Russian-German workshop on bioinformatics network “Systems computational biology”.As usual, BGRS/SB-2016 was accompanied by a number of satellite events, including already traditional Young Scientists School “Systems Biology and Bioinformatics” (SBB-2016) (


The publisher apologizes for the error. The correct citation should be as follows: Gradidge PJ, Norris SA, Jaff NG, Crowther NJ (2016) Metabolic and Body Composition Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Women with a High Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Disease. PLoS ONE 11(9): e0162247. doi:


In the Author Contributions section, it should be noted that Norma-Rashid Yusoff also contributed to Supervision.The Funding section is incomplete. The complete funding information is: This work was supported by Malaysian Forest Research and Development Board (Grant number: GPP-0609-FA-02) received by CK; Postgraduate Research Fund from University of Malaya (Grant number: PV131/2012A) received by NY; Malaysian Economic Planning Unit and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Trogonoptera brookiana albescens). PLoS ONE 12(12): e0189450. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189450The abbreviation for the third author is incorrect in the citation. The correct citation is: Phon C-K, Kirton LG, Norma-Rashid, Y (2017) Monitoring butterflies using counts of puddling males: A case study of the Rajah Brooke’s Birdwing (10.5176/2251-3353_GEOS14.37.There is an error in the URL link for Reference 9. The correct reference is: Baioumy HM, Nawawi M, Wagner K, Arifin MH. Geological setting and origin of non-volcanic hot springs in West Malaysia. GEOS 2014: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Geological and Earth Sciences; Singapore. 2014. pp. 14–18. doi:The publisher apologizes for these errors.


The supporting information tables incorrectly include tracked changes that make them illegible. Please view the correct S1 Tabler-values obtained with Polar Plot analysis in individual rats and in groups of intact, saline and Riluzole treated animals. The values of SEM ranged from 0.64 to 1.99%. Abbreviations: L/Co-left/control, R/SNC-right-muscle with SNC, Sol-soleus, EDL-extensor digitorum longus. Abbreviations for statistical significance vs intact rats: *—p < 0.001.The table contains mean (± circular SD) of phase shifts of intralimb (L/Co Sol—L/Co EDL and R/SNC Sol—R/SNC EDL) and interlimb (R/SNC Sol—L/Co Sol and R/SNC EDL—L/Co EDL) coordination and (DOC)Click here for additional data file.S2 TableThe table contains mean (±SD) of cycle durations established based on the left and right Sol and EDL muscles, on control muscles and muscles with SNC in individual rats and in groups of intact, saline and Riluzole treated animals. The values of SEM ranged from 1.78 to 3.20%. Abbreviations: L/Co-left/control, R/SNC-right/muscle with SNC.(DOC)Click here for additional data file.S3 Tablep for significance of intercepts and correlation coefficients r in individual intact, saline and Riluzole treated animals. The values of p or significance of slopes and correlation coefficients were < 0.001 in all instances. Abbreviations: L/Co-left/control, R/SNC-right/muscle with SNC.The table contains slopes and intercepts of regression with the values of (DOC)Click here for additional data file.S4 Tablep for their significance as well as correlation coefficients r in individual intact, saline and Riluzole treated animals. Abbreviations: L/Co-left/control, R/SNC-right/muscle with SNC.The table contains slopes and intercepts of regression with the values of (DOC)Click here for additional data file.S5 Tablep < 0.011.The table contains mean (±SD) cycle duration, burst duration and duty factor in individual rats and in groups of intact, saline and Riluzole treated animals. The values of SEM ranged from 0.71 to 1.67%. Abbreviations: L/Co-left/control, R/SNC-right/muscle with SNC. Abbreviations for statistical significance vs intact rats: *—(DOC)Click here for additional data file.S6 Tablep < 0.001.The table contains mean (±SD) cycle duration, burst duration and duty factor in individual rats and in groups of intact, saline and Riluzole treated animals. The values of SEM ranged from 0.57 to 3.96%. Abbreviations: L/Co-left/control, R/SNC-right/muscle with SNC. Abbreviations for statistical significance vs intact rats: *—(DOC)Click here for additional data file.S7 Tabler with corresponding values of p for significance, for the relationship between the duty factor of burst of EMG activity of right muscle/muscle with SNC and the duty factor of burst of EMG activity of left muscle/control muscle for the Sol and EDL muscles in individual intact rats, saline and Riluzole treated animals. In addition the table contains the values of common correlation coefficients rw with the values of pw obtained with a test for the heterogeneity of correlation coefficients in the respective groups. Abbreviations: DF-duty factor, Sol-soleus, EDL-extensor digitorum longus.The table contains correlation coefficients (DOC)Click here for additional data file.S8 Tabler with the values of p obtained in individual rats and in group of intact rats for the left muscles as well as in individual rats and in groups of saline and Riluzole treated animals for the control muscles. The values of SEM ranged from 1.19 to 3.83%. Abbreviations for statistical significance vs intact rats: *—p < 0.001.The table contains mean (±SD) of interval durations, predicted durations, slopes and intercepts of regressions as well as correlation coefficients (DOC)Click here for additional data file.S9 Tabler with the values of p obtained in individual rats and in group of intact rats for the right muscles as well as in individual rats and in groups of saline and Riluzole treated animals for muscles with SNC. The values of SEM ranged from 1.19 to 3.83%. Abbreviations for statistical significance vs intact rats: *—p < 0.001.The table contains mean (±SD) of interval durations, predicted durations, slopes and intercepts of regressions as well as correlation coefficients (DOC)Click here for additional data file.


Owing to errors made by SAGE, the following article contains errors.Christoph Witzel (September-October 2016). An Easy Way to Show Memory Color Effects.10.1177/2041669516663751).i-Perception, 7(5), 1–11. (DOI: SAGE apologises to the author and to the readers. The following corrections apply:These corrections will be included in all subsequent versions of the article online.


Scientific Data 4:170179 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2017.179 (2017); Published 19 December 2017; Updated: 23 January 2018.In both the HTML and PDF versions of this Data Descriptor, the author name Jason Flannick was incorrectly listed as Flannick Jason.


Abstractspecies distribution modelling (SDM) and for model testing in a poorly documented marine region.The present dataset provides a case study for Echinodermata: Echinoidea) distribution. Echinoids were collected during oceanographic campaigns led around the Kerguelen Plateau  since 1872. In addition to the identification of collection specimens from historical cruises, original data from the recent campaigns POKER II (2010) and PROTEKER 2 to 4 (2013-2015) are also provided. In total, five families, ten genera, and 12 echinoid species are recorded in the region of the Kerguelen Plateau.The dataset includes spatially-explicit data for echinoid .Future projections are provided for several parameters: they were modified from the Bio-ORACLE database . They arPageBreak Project title: Temporal, spatial, and sampling heterogeneities in species distribution modelling. A case study for the data-poor area of the Kerguelen Plateau.Personnel: Charlène Guillaumot, Alexis Martin, Salomé Fabri-Ruiz, Marc Eléaume, Thomas SaucèdeFunding: This study is part of a project funded by CNRS laboratory UMR6282 Biogeosciences and by the vERSO program . This is contribution no.14 to the vERSO project (www.versoproject.be), funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office . This is a contribution to the POKER program and the  (Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor)IPEV program 1044 PROTEKER.6 km2 CCAMLR and by the  (French Southern and Antarctic Lands)TAAF in the French  (Exclusive Economic Zone)EEZ with scientific support from the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle of Paris since 1978  Marine Protected Area: one of the world’s largest MPA with an area of 65,000 km2  led in nearshore areas of the Kerguelen Islands. The spatial extent of the dataset was based on the bathymetric range of echinoids for species distribution modelling to be performed with limited extrapolations.In addition to the study of collection specimens sampled during historical cruises and identified at species level, the present work also provides original data collected during the recent oceanographic campaign POKER II (2010) and during three field summer campaigns of the Our project aimed at improving the robustness of existing modelling approaches in the case of areas for which only poor and heterogeneous biodiversity data are available, a situation prevailing in the region of the Kerguelen Plateau, and generally in the Southern Ocean .Data compilation from various sources implies temporal heterogeneities that may constitute a critical point when building species distribution models . SpatialOccurrence data were compiled from many oceanographic campaigns led over a long time-period starting with the Challenger Expedition in 1872 and ending with the recent PROTEKER campaigns that took place between 2013 and 2015 Table a. SpecimPageBreakPageBreakOccurrences are presence-only data for which different sampling tools, protocols, and strategies were used. Moreover, the study area was unevenly investigated, sampling effort being stronger in the northern than in the southern part of the Plateau Figure . AccordiThe environmental descriptors provided in the dataset were compiled from different sources  and raw depth values measured in the field  and mean winter (July to September) surface and seafloor temperatures and salinities) are available for the following six decades: 1955 to 1964, 1965 to 1974, 1975 to 1984, 1985 to 1994, 1995 to 2004, and 2005 to 2014.th IPCC report (2007). The modelled data correspond to the extrapolated means for two decades: 2087-2096 (here referred to as 2100) and 2187-2196 (here referred to as 2200)  .All the environmental descriptors and metadata sources are detailed in the data catalog Table  and dataSpecimens sampled during POKER II and PROTEKER 2, 3 and 4 campaigns were all identified by T. Saucède at the species level. Identifications and taxonomic accuracies are based on The final compiled dataset was checked for consistency using the WoRMS database  in orderEnvironmental data relies on different sources as reported in Table Echinoidea (Echinodermata) occurring on the Kerguelen Plateau.The present dataset focuses on all species of the class PageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakEchinoids are common species of benthic communities in the Southern Ocean and on the Kerguelen Plateau . They arCtenocidarisnutrix is considered a Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VME) indicator species by  (Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources)CCAMLR and is widely distributed on the Kerguelen Plateau.Echinoid studies take part in conservation issues. Echinoidea includes five families, ten genera, and 12 species. Species distribution is shown in Figure On the Kerguelen Plateau, the Class Phylum: EchinodermataClass: EchinoideaOrder: Camarodonta, Cidaroida, Holasteroida, SpatangoidaFamily: Ctenocidarinae, Echinidae, Plexechinidae, Pourtalesiidae, SchizasteridaeGenus: Abatus, Aporocidaris, Brisaster, Ctenocidaris, Dermechinus, Plexechinus, Pourtalesia, Rhynchocidaris, Sterechinus, TripylusSpecies: Abatuscordatus, Aporocidarismilleri, Brisasterantarcticus, Ctenocidarisnutrix, Dermechinushorridus, Plexechinussulcatus, Pourtalesiahispida, Pourtalesiadebilis, Rhynchocidaristriplopora, Sterechinusdiadema, Sterechinusneumayeri, TripylusabatoidesGeneral spatial coverage: the Kerguelen Plateau, Southern OceanCoordinates: -46°S and -56°S; +63°E and +81°ETemporal coverage: 1872–2015Echinoid occurrences available on the Kerguelen Plateau. Data from 1872 to 2015 collected with different sampling strategies and objectives, during different campaigns.Object name: Echinoids_Kerguelen_Plateau_1872_2015PageBreakCharacter encoding: x-MacRomanFormat name: Darwin Core Archive FormatFormat version: 3.0Distribution: http://ipt.biodiversity.aq/resource.do?r=echinoids_kerguelen_plateau_18- 72_2015Publication date of data: 12/07/2016Language: EnglishMetadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 12/07/2016Hierarchy level: DatasetPageBreakand seafloor temperature, salinity and their respective amplitude data are available on the time coverage 1955-2012 and over six decades: 1955 to 1964, 1965 to 1974, 1975 to 1984, 1985 to 1994 and 1995 to 2004, and 2005 to 2012.Environmental variables in the region of the Kerguelen Plateau compiled from different sources and provided in the ascii raster format . Mean suth report).Future projections are provided for several parameters: they were modified after the Bio-ORACLE database . They arObject name: Environmental_Kerguelen_Plateau_1955_2012Format name: RasterFormat version: 1.0Distribution: https://data.aad.gov.au/metadata/records/Environmental_Kerguelen_Plateau_1955_2012doi: 10.4225/15/578ED5A08050FPublication date of data: 16/07/2016Language: EnglishMetadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 16/07/2016Hierarchy level: Dataset


The name and citation appear correctly in the PDF version.The fifth author’s name is spelled incorrectly in the online version. The correct name is J. Frank Wharam. The correct citation is: Lopez Bernal JA, Lu CY, Gasparrini A, Cummins S, Wharam JF, Soumerai SB (2017) Association between the 2012 Health and Social Care Act and specialist visits and hospitalisations in England: A controlled interrupted time series analysis. PLoS Med 14(11): e1002427.


There are multiple errors in the manuscript.There is an error in reference 65. The correct reference is: “Speir M, Lawlor KE, Glaser SP, Abraham G, Chow S, Vogrin A, et al. Nat Microbiol. 2016 Feb 24;1:15034. doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2015.34.”The following information is missing from the Funding section: “Research reported in this publication was supported by an Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant number P20GM103652.”


Correction to:European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2017); 71 (1); 51-55; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.166; published online 14th September 2016Since the publication of the article, the authors have noticed an error in The authors apologise for any inconvenience caused by this error.


Nature Communications7: Article number: 13045; DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13045 (2016); Published: 10102016; Updated: 06142017This Article contains an error in Fig. 8a, for which we apologize. In Fig. 8a, the control 3 image for p-ERK staining was inadvertently duplicated from the control 1 image of p-ERK staining. The correct version of this figure appears below as


In the Funding section, the grant number from EPSRC MOTION is listed incorrectly. The correct grant number is: EP/N03211X/2.There is an error in affiliation 4 for author Thrishantha Nanayakkara. Affiliation 4 should be: Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom.


CDC is assisting ministries of health and working with other organizations to control and end the ongoing outbreak of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) in West Africa . The updAccording to the latest World Health Organization update as of October 22, 2014 . The higThe geographic distribution of the number of Ebola cases reported during September 28–October 18 changed from the distribution of cases reported during August 31–September 23 .The map of the cumulative incidence of Ebola, as of October 18, indicates that the highest incidence rate  was reported by two districts in Guinea (Guéckédou and Macenta), five districts in Liberia , and four districts in Sierra Leone  .http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/guinea/index.html. The most up-to-date clinical guidelines on the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa are available at http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/index.html.The latest updates on the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa, including case counts, are available at


The publisher apologizes for the error.The fourth author’s name is spelled incorrectly. The correct name is: Leila Sissani. The sixth author’s name is spelled incorrectly. The correct name is: Saverio Stranges. The correct citation is: Sauvageot N, Leite S, Alkerwi A, Sissani L, Zannad F, Stranges S, et al. (2016) Association of Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Comparison of PCA and RRR Methods. PLoS ONE 11(8): e0161298. doi:


Correction to: British Journal of Cancer (2009) 101, 916–923; doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605262After publication of the above paper in Volume 101, Number 6, the authors realised that they had intended to include an Acknowledgements paragraph in the article. The paragraph should read as follows:


After the publication of this work , we becaIn the method section, see following paragraph: "In the present study all assessments of hip abduction, hip external rotation, popliteal angle, knee extension and dorsiflexion of the foot with knee flexion from the start 1994 until 1 January 2007 were included (Table 2)."In Table 2. Goniometer positioning and standardization procedure for all five joint angles, Extremity position Foot dorsiflexion. Supine. Knee in flexion.The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/8/49/prepub


Correction to: British Journal of Cancer (2002) 87, 630–634. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6600511 Unfortunately due to a typesetting error, Figure 2The correct version is reprinted below:The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience this may have caused.


Correction to: British Journal of Cancer (2009) 100, 1926–1936; doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605072In reference to


A focal H5N1 outbreak in poultry was reported from Manipur, a north-eastern state, of India, in 2007. The aim of this study was to genetically characterize the Manipur isolate to understand the relationship with other H5N1 isolates and to trace the possible source of introduction of the virus into the country.Characterization of the complete genome revealed that the virus belonged to clade 2.2. It was distinctly different from viruses of the three EMA sublineages of clade 2.2 but related to isolates from wild migratory waterfowl from Russia, China and Mongolia. The HA gene, had the cleavage site GERRRRKR, earlier reported in whooper swan isolates from Mongolia in 2005. A stop codon at position 29 in the PB1-F2 protein could have implications on the replication efficiency. The acquisition of polymorphisms as seen in recent isolates of 2005–07 from distinct geographical regions suggests the possibility of transportation of H5N1 viruses through migratory birds.Considering that all eight genes of the earlier Indian isolates belonged to the EMA3 sublineage and similar strains have not been reported from neighbouring countries of the subcontinent, it appears that the virus may have been introduced independently. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A – H5N1 viruses have now appeared in about 60 countries causing devastating outbreaks in poultry with continued capacity to impact humans . The HonThe first outbreak of the H5N1 virus in India was reported from Maharashtra in January 2006 . Seven eThe aim of this study was to genetically characterize the Manipur isolate of 2007 to understand the relationship with other H5N1 isolates and to trace the possible source of introduction of the virus into the country.The state of Manipur (latitude 23°83'N – 25°68'N and longitude 93°03'E – 94°78'E) is known for some animal sanctuaries that are home to many exotic flora and fauna Figure . A largeSix clinical samples from different organs  of a sick bird were received from Manipur. Specimens were processed for virus isolation in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs and Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell lines as described earlier . InoculaHemagglutination (HA) and Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) tests were performed as described by Kendal et al. . Horse RRNA was extracted using QIAamp Viral RNA Minikit  following manufacturers instruction. One-Step reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was performed using the QIAGEN one-step RT-PCR kit and WHO recommended diagnostic primer sets specific for influenza A HA (H5) and NA (N1) genes . RNA isoRNA isolated from the specimens was reverse transcribed as mentioned earlier . cDNA waFor phylogenetic analysis, representative sequences of the H5N1 viruses belonging to the Z genotype were selected from the GenBank based on sequence identity  and geographical representation. In this process of selection, the sequences whose whole genome was available were preferred. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Bayesian approach for tree construction as implemented in Mr Bayes 3.2 . The GTRFJ719831–FJ719838. The percent nucleotide identity (PNI) and percent amino acid identity (PAI) values were calculated as pairwise p-distances, for a dataset of about 80 representative sequences in each gene. For clarity, limited representative sequences are shown in the phylogenetic trees  virus in HA and HAI.Samples tested in one step RT-PCR showed amplification of influenza A, H5 and N1 gene specific bands. A 219 base pair band appeared showing presence of H5 and 668 base pair for the presence of N1. Real Time RT-PCR analysis showed the presence of Avian influenza (H5N1) in all the specimens (Data not shown).Phylogenetic analysis of 41 whole genomes, all the eight gene segments concatenated, showed that the Manipur isolate was unique in the clade 2.2, as it did not cluster with the majority of the isolates in the EMA sublineages 1 to 3  with the A/Gf/Shantou/1341/06 isolate, followed by the A/Dk/Novosibirsk/56/05 and the A/Ck/Omsk/14/05 isolates with 98.99 PNI and 9 amino acid differences in all the three cases. It showed closest amino acid identity of 98.95 (8 differences) with several isolates including A/Ck/Egypt/22531/06, A/Sw/Slovenia/760/06, A/Ck/Gaza/714/06, A/Pg/Denmark/6632/06, A/Tk/Turkey/1/05 and A/Co/Croatia/1/05. In case of the PB1 gene, the Manipur isolate was closest in PNI (98.95) to the A/Ck/Kurgan/3/05 isolate with also the highest amino acid identity . The PA gene of the Manipur isolate had closest PNI (98.83) with the A/BHGs/Qinghai/59/05 isolate, followed by Azerbaijan/002115/06 with 7 amino acid differences. The closest PAI (99.16) with 6 amino acid differences was with the A/Ck/India/NIV33487/06 isolate (PNI 98.65). The Novosibirsk/05, Liaoning/05 and Mongolia/06 and Iran/06 showed PAI of 98.89 (7 aa differences) but higher PNI (98.7).The NP gene showed closest PNI with the A/Gs/Hungary/3413/07 isolate (98.9) and 1 amino acid difference. The closest PAI (99.79) also amounting to a single amino acid difference was with several isolates including the A/Tk/England/250/07, A/Gs/Qinghai/F/06, A/Md/Bavaria/1/06, A/Turkey/15/06, A/Krasnoozerskoe/627/05, A/Omsk/14/05, A/Dk/Novosibirsk/02/05, A/Ck/Kurgan/3/05, and A/Ws/Mongolia/3/05. The M gene shared the highest PNI (98.81) with the A/Dk/Novosibirsk/56/05 isolate. The NS gene had highest PNI with A/Dk/Novosibirsk/05 and A/Suzdalka/10/05 (98.96) followed by the A/BHGs/Qinghai/F/06 isolate (98.9). Again, in all these genes the Manipur isolate was distinct from the others and also did not cluster with any of the EMA sublineages.AB233320–AB233322). Subsequently, the same pattern was noted in several isolates of 2007 from Egypt  and Nigeria (EU148396). Another non synonymous mutation, S155N, at the N154 glycosylation site, observed in the Manipur isolate was also noted in the 2005 isolates of Novosibirsk, Qinghai, Tambov, Crimea, Omsk, Suzdalka, and Liaoning and majority of the EMA1 isolates. D54N in the Manipur isolate was shared with the A/Ck/Egypt/1079NAMRU3/07 isolate and the A/Ws/Mongolia/4/05 isolate. One unique mutation L297F in the Manipur isolate was not noted in any of the clade 2.2 isolates but was observed in A/Dk/HongKong/ww381/2000. T513A mutation was shared with A/Ck/Krasnador/199/06. Among synonymous nucleotide substitutions in the Manipur isolate, G42A, G705A, T861C, 983G, A1632G were shared with the Egypt/07 and/or Nigeria/07 isolates; T78C with A/Tk/SaudiArabia/67326/07; T573C with A/Gf/Shantou/1341/06, A/Pm/Liaoning/7/05 and A/Tk/CzechRep/10309-3/07; C1335T with A/Dk/Novosibirsk/56/05 and A/Ck/Sudan/21159/06.In the HA gene, among amino acid mutations, the Manipur isolate had a substitution K328R . This corresponds to the novel HA cleavage site, GERRRRKR that was originally found in three whooper swan isolates of Mongolia in 2005  viruses isolated in Europe, the Middle-Eastern region and Africa beyond 2005 . A minorThe molecular characterization of the viral proteins of the Manipur isolate was carried out for pathogenicity markers and sensitivity to antivirals. The HA of the Manipur isolate had the novel cleavage site (GERRRRKR) that was first reported in three whooper swan isolates in Mongolia, 2005 and also in the recent Nigeria/07 and Egypt/07 isolates. Though variations in the cleavage site such as RERRRKKR, RERRKKR and RERRRR have been linked to human H5N1 cases , no suchThe phylogenetic characterization of the Manipur isolate demonstrated that the virus isolated in 2007 in India was distinctly different from the viruses of the three EMA sublineages. Considering that all the eight genes of the 2006 isolates of India belonged to the EMA3 sublineage, with several mutations observed between the two strains, the possibility of local evolution can be excluded. Genetic analysis of the Manipur 2007 isolate clearly indicates a second introduction of the H5N1 virus in India. Among the other isolates that have been placed outside the EMA groups, the Manipur isolate was distinct and unique. It was related to viruses isolated from wild migratory waterfowl from Russia , China  and Mongolia. A recent report  stated tOverall, our findings suggest that the Manipur 2007 virus isolate is a unique variant and not related to the 2006 Indian isolate. The introduction of such a virus, either directly or indirectly, into India calls for improved surveillance in the country and subcontinent. The appearance of such variants is also serious concern for the emergence of even more highly pathogenic strains and a pandemic threat.BHGs: Bar headed goose; Ck: Chicken; Co: Cygnus olor; Dk: Duck; Gf: Guinea fowl; Gs: Goose; Md: Mallard; Pg: Peregrine; PgFc: Peregrine falcon; Pm: Piedmagpie; Sw: swan; Tk: Turkey; Ws: Whooper swan.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.ACM, AKC and SDP conceived and designed the experiments. AKC, SDP, BP, SR, SK and SSK performed the experiments, SSC, SMJ and AKC planned and performed the bioinformatics studies, SSC, AKC, SMJ and ACM analyzed the data, SSC, AKC and ACM wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.


Correction to: British Journal of Cancer (2006) 94, 1079–1085. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603031Owing to an author error, the data presented in