There is an error in affiliation 1 for authors Elsa Ghirardini, Raffaella Morini, Fabio Perrucci, Davide Pozzi and Michela Matteoli. The correct affiliation 1 is: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano— Milan, Italy.


Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-020-17983-y, published online 28 August 2020.Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the author affiliations.Affiliations 1 and 2 incorrectly read ‘Department of Atmospheric Sciences, SOEST, University of Hawaiian ʻOkina at Mānoa, 2525 Correa Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA’ and ‘Department of Oceanography and International Pacific Research Center, SOEST, University of Hawaiian ʻOkina at Mānoa, 1680 East-West Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA’ instead of the correct ‘Department of Atmospheric Sciences, SOEST, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 2525 Correa Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA’ and ‘Department of Oceanography and International Pacific Research Center, SOEST, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, 1680 East-West Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.’This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.


The original version of this article, published on 30 May 2020 contained a mistake.12, k23, k45, elimination constants of treosulfan and EBDM from plasma and the brain, transformation rate constant of treosulfan to EBDM, transformation rate constant of EBDM to DEB, and hydrolysis constant of EBDM.The authors regret that some of the constants mentioned throughout the article were expressed in an incorrect unit, which is “L/h” instead of “1/h”. These include all of the first-order constants: kThe original article has been corrected.


Cuzick J, Sestak I, Forbes JF, et al. Use of anastrozole for breast cancer prevention (IBIS-II): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 395: 117–222020; —In this Article, Bernardo Bonanni's affiliation should have been “Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy”. This correction has been made to the online version as of Feb 25, 2021.


In the published article, there were several errors regarding the affiliations of authors. Instead of affiliation 1, Michael Yao-Ping Peng should have the following affiliation, which has now been added as affiliation 2:“School of Business Administration, Jimei University, Xiamen, China”Yaoping Peng should have affiliation 3 instead of 2. Instead of affiliation 3, Yuang Zhang should have the following affiliation, which has been added as affiliation 4:“College of Economics and Management, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an, China”The authors apologize for these errors and state that these do not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


Muhammad AH, Soofi S, Cousens S, et al. Community engagement and integrated health and polio immunisation campaigns in conflict-affected areas of Pakistan: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob Health 2017; 5: e593–603—In this Article, the open access licence should have been listed as CC BY. This correction has been made to the online version as of May 26, 2017.


PMID: 31231684; PMCID: PMC6572407” the affiliation of the first and corresponding author – Dr. Tatjana Bošković Matić is incorrect. Dr Tatjana Bošković Matić is affiliated to University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Science, which was missed by mistake in the publication itself.In the published article “Matić TB, Toncev G, Gavrilović A, Aleksić D. Suffering from Cerebral Small Vessel Disease with and without Metabolic Syndrome. Open Med (Wars). 2019 Jun 11;14:The correct affiliation of Dr Tatjana Bošković Matić is as follows:Tatjana Bošković Matić, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology and Clinical Center, Kragujevac, Serbia, tel: +381 64 112 96 21, e-mail: stmatic@ptt.rs


In the originally published version of this manuscript, the following affiliation was omitted from first author Haris Zafeiropoulos's affiliation: “Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, Heraklion, Greece.” This has now been corrected online.


In the article titled “The SLC Family Are Candidate Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma” , an affiThe author “Weiting Kang” was affiliated to “Department of Urology, Shandong Province Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China,” which is incorrect. The correct affiliation for the author “Weiting Kang” is “Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China.”The author “QiangWang” was affiliated to the “Department of Human Resources, Shandong Province Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China,” which is incorrect. The correct affiliation for the author “QiangWang” is “Department of Human Resources, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China.”The corrected list of affiliations is shown in the author information above.


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-73418-0, published online 3 April 2018Correction to:In the original version of this Article, Bo Cao was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Mental Health Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China’. The correct affiliation is listed below.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States.In addition, the Results section contained a typographical error. Under the subheading ‘Demographics’ the sentence,1,31 = 544.505, p < 0.0001; one HC had missing HAM-D scores).”“Patients with MDD had an average of HAM-D total scores as high as 31.3, which was significantly different from that of HC .”“Patients with MDD had an average of HAM-D total scores as high as 31.3, which was significantly different from that of HC (FThese errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.


The authors of “Existing Mobile Phone Apps for Self-Care Management of People With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Systematic Analysis” :e15290) noticed several errors in the author information of their published article.Author Fei Hu’s academic degree information has been corrected from “MD” to “PhD”.Author Wei Li’s academic degree information has been corrected from “MD” to “MD, PhD”. Furthermore, the affiliation listed for author Wei Li has been revised from:College of Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United Statesto the following:School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United StatesThe correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR website on May 19, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories.


Journal of Periodontology (n = 25). The top 100 articles were generated primarily from the USA (n = 61). Most of the publications were clinical trials (n = 27) and focused on the cardiovascular manifestations of PD (n = 31). Most of the articles were within the evidence level V (n = 41). A total of 58 studies received funding and the most frequently used keyword in the top articles was “periodontal disease” (n = 39). The current citation analysis presents insights into the current trends in the systemic manifestations of periodontal disease.This bibliometric review aimed to identify and analyze the top 100 most-cited publications on the systemic manifestations of periodontal disease (PD). A literature search was performed using the Web of Science (WoS) ‘All Databases’, without any restriction of language, publication year, or study design. Of 4418 articles, the top 100 were included based on their citation count. After downloading the full texts, their bibliometric information was extracted and analyzed. The citation counts for the top 100 articles ranged from 156 to 4191 (median 217). The most productive years were 2003 and 2005, with 20 articles on the list. Majority of the articles were published in the  P. gingivalis is one of the various periodontal pathogens, which is suspected of playing a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis [Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory microbial disease that directly damages the tooth-supporting structure  . The seqrthritis ,32,33. T“If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”-Isaac Newton, Letter to Robert Hooke, 1675This inspirational saying by Sir Isaac Newton  reflectsIn periodontics, several bibliometric analyses were conducted ,60,61; hThe primary characteristics of the top 100 most-cited articles are shown in p < 0.001). A non-significant trend towards a higher citation count with article age was observed  (p < 0.001)  . However< 0.001) .The top 100 most-cited articles were published between 1963  and 2015Many articles (n = 76) had between one and six authors, but publications with more than six authors were the most common (n = 24). The majority of the contributions were made by Genco , followed by Beck , Offenbacher , Taylor , Tonetti , and Suvan  .The top 100 most-cited publications originated from 19 countries, including Austria, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, Israel, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America . AccordiThere was a total of 55 institutions with which the corresponding authors were affiliated. The most prolific institution, with 13 publications, was Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, USA, followed by Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA (n = 9) and Division of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, USA (n = 6) .The top 100 most-cited articles were published in both specialized and comprehensive periodicals (n = 36) . The joup < 0.024) was observed between a journal age and the number of “classic” articles published in that journal. However, a statistically non-significant trend (p = 0.204) was observed between the impact factor of the journal and the number of “classics” published in that journal.According to the Spearman-rank test, a statistically significant trend (p = 0.724) while analyzing the median difference in the citation count per publication, between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases—221.5 (156–903), periodontitis and diabetes mellitus—215 (156–686), periodontitis and systemic complications—234.5 (163–574), periodontitis and pregnancy-related manifestations—319 (157–4191), periodontitis and rheumatic diseases 187 (164–251), periodontitis and pulmonary diseases—199.5 (180–219), periodontitis and cerebrovascular diseases—239 (174–304), and periodontitis and cancer—169 (169).According to the topic of the article, the majority of the topic covered by the top 100 publications were the association of periodontal disease with cardiovascular diseases (n = 31) (8598 citations) and association of periodontitis with diabetes mellitus (n = 29) (7660 citations), followed by the systemic complications of periodontitis (mixed manifestations) (n = 14) (3918 citations), pregnancy-related manifestations (n = 11) , rheumatic (n = 10) (1955 citations), pulmonary (n = 2) (399 citations), cerebrovascular diseases (n = 2) (478 citations), and cancer (n = 1) (169 citations) . No statp = 0.608) while analyzing the median difference in the citation count per publication among clinical trials—242.4 (156–4191), literature review—193.5 (157–574), randomized controlled trials—198 (163–731), survey—200 (156–258), case-control study—207 (165–327), systematic review—234.5 (204–319), meta-analysis—295 (176–358), systematic review and meta-analysis—272 (182–338), animal study—172 (171–287), and consensus report—300 (297–300).The most common methodological design in the top 100 publications was clinical trial (n = 27) , followed by literature review (n = 26) (6609 citations), randomized controlled trial (n = 12) (3567 citations), survey (n = 10) (2076 citations), case-control study (n = 8) (1695 citations), systematic review (n = 6) (1505 citations), meta-analysis (n = 3) (829 citations), systematic review and meta-analysis (n = 3) (792 citations), animal study (n = 3) (630 citations), and consensus report (n = 2) (600 citations) . No statp = 0.082) and the citation density  did not vary significantly.The top 100 most-cited publications could be classified into all evidence levels (ELs). Most of the articles were within evidence level V (n = 35), followed by EL III (n = 29), EL I (n = 15), EL II (n = 14), and EL IV (n = 7). Among these ELs, the total citation counts , followed by periodontitis (n = 38), risk factors (n = 18), inflammation (n = 15), epidemiology (n = 14), diabetes mellitus (n = 14), atherosclerosis (n = 12), etiology (n = 11), and infection (n = 10). The distribution of the keywords over the decades is shown in This study aimed to identify the top 100 most-cited publications associated with the systemic manifestations of periodontal diseases and to analyze their primary bibliometric characteristics. Bibliometric analysis allows readers to gain historical insight and development of a particular specialty, by identifying and analyzing the most-cited publications that could assist researchers in understanding the emerging themes and future trends for a particular discipline ,66. For As our results depicted a fluctuating trend that was recently observed with regards to the contribution of international authors. For instance, during the 1990s, 86% of authors belonged to the institutions hailing from the US. This trend decreased significantly from 86% to 53% during the 2000s and again escalated recently during the 2010s from 53% to 71%. After the US, European countries, including the Netherlands and the UK, were prominent in this list of contributing authors. In addition to this study, several other bibliometric analyses reported that authors from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, whether they were the first or the corresponding author, made a negligible contribution that could be considered a “classic” article ,73,74. PAs with several “most-cited” publications in medical and dental fields, this study reported that most of the most-cited articles originated from the United States. This significant contribution could be attributed to a larger scientific population, active researchers, and ample financial resources ,77,78,79Not surprisingly, the top 100 most-cited papers were authored in an array of specialties and were published in 35 different journals, indicating the multidisciplinary nature of research on systemic complications of periodontal diseases. Interestingly, approximately one-third of the top 100 highly cited articles were published in journals that are not necessarily dedicated to periodontitis and its systemic manifestations, including Circulation, Nature Reviews Immunology, and Journal of Dental Research. This might reflect a trend among authors to publish their research in high-impact journals to direct them to a broader audience.In many bibliometric studies, it was reported that relevant studies were distributed among journals in accordance with Bradford’s law ,82,83. AIn this study, no statistically significant association was found between the number of the most-cited articles published in a journal and the impact factor of that journal. This finding was in accordance with the findings of some bibliometric studies ,87, but Most of the highly cited publications were concerned with cardiovascular manifestations of periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus, with 60 of the most-cited articles covering these two topics. The reason articles about systemic complications of periodontitis such as pulmonary diseases, cerebrovascular disorders, and cancer were not common among the list of 100 highly cited publications might be related to several factors; (a) majority of included papers originated from the US and European countries where complications of periodontitis related to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are more common and relevant ; (b) theFrom 1990 to 1999, the hottest research topic was the association between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. From 2000 to 2009, the trend shifted to cardiovascular-related manifestations of periodontal diseases. However, from 2010 to 2015, the relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus re-emerged as the hottest research topic. This could be explained by the fact that the relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus is a long-discussed research topic with conflicting conclusions. In the general population, both these diseases have a relatively high incidence (periodontitis 14% and diabetes 1% to 6%), as well as several common pathways in their pathogenesis .Based on the hierarchy of research evidence level, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the highest quality of evidence . A distiThis bibliometric analysis had several limitations. First, for a given research field, many factors might influence the citation count, including the age of the publication, journal of publication, reputation of author, institution, and country of origin as well as the original language. Second, the analysis of self-citations and citations in textbooks and lectures was not performed. Moreover, some authors might be inclined to cite articles from a particular journal in which they intend to publish an article . Third, Citation analysis aids in providing useful and interesting information for several disciplines, including determination of current trends and assessment of future direction the research might take. This study revealed that the most common topic observed in the top-cited publications was the association of periodontal disease with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Interestingly, articles related to the systemic manifestations of periodontal diseases, including pulmonary and cerebrovascular diseases as well as cancer, were uncommon among the most-cited publications, which reflects that more research is required in these domains. Surprisingly, unlike several other bibliometric studies performed within dentistry and medicine, the number of clinical trials was higher than the review articles. However, systematic reviews and meta-analyses with evidence might be needed in the literature.Overall, further understanding of the associations between periodontal disease and its association with systemic complications could raise society’s awareness of the links between inflammatory diseases and oral health. This could lead to large-scale and far reaching general medical benefits through periodontal intervention, including improving glycemic control in diabetics , potentihttps://www.webofknowledge.com), considering the ‘All Databases’ section, which included Derwent Innovations Index, Russian Science Citation Index, Web of Science Core Collection, SciELO Citation Index, and KCI—Korean Journal Database. There was no restriction of publication year and language. Since the database is still functioning, to avoid daily updating bias, an extensive search was conducted on a single day, 2nd February 2020. The search was performed using the terms: “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Respiratory”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Pulmonary”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Pneumonia”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Cardiovascular”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Hypertension”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Coronary Heart”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Myocardial Infarction”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Angina Pectoris”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Stroke”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Atherosclerosis”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Endothelial”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Ischemic Heart”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Diabetes Mellitus”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Pregnancy”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Low Birth Weight”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Rheumatic Disease”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Osteoporosis”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Arthritis”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Kidney”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Renal”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Cerebrovascular”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Alzheimer’s”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Dementia”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Cancer”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Carcinoma”, “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Systemic”, and “Periodontitis OR Periodontal disease AND Focal Infection” in the title field.This study, being a bibliometric review, was exempt from the institutional ethics committee review. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were used for data retrieval and reporting . ArticleAccording to the selected database, 4418 articles were retrieved. After finalizing the list of the top 100 most-cited publications, the retrieved articles were arranged in descending order, based on their citation count. Then, the full text of included articles was downloaded and analyzed to extract the data of interest.The following bibliometric variables were retrieved from each publication identified—article’s title and age , citation count, citation density (average citation count received by an article per year) , currentThe methodological design  was based on the Cochrane Collaboration Glossary . The theThe Visualization of Similarities viewer software  was usedp < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed using a statistical software package, i.e., IBM SPSS Statistics version 24.0 . To assess the normality of the data , the Shapiro-Wilk test was conducted. Mean (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range) (topic and study design of article) were calculated based on normality and distribution of data. To evaluate the median differences between the independent groups, the Kruskal–Wallis test was performed (topic and study design of article). Any decrease or increase in the time-dependent trends was analyzed by performing the Mann–Kendall trend test. The Spearman-rank test was performed to assess the correlation between the publication count of the journal and the age of the journal. A value of


In the article titled “Phytochemical and Antioxidant Studies on a Rare Rheum cordatum Losinsk: Species from Kazakhstan” , author Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.


In the original publication of the article, the first name and last name of the authors were interchanged. The correct sequence of the author’s name should read as given below:Heli Järnefelt, Mikko Härmä, Mikael Sallinen, Jussi Virkkala, Teemu Paajanen, Kari-Pekka Martimo, Christer HublinThe original article has been corrected.


Time courses of search behavior displayed a continuous interest in STIs with synchronal and national rather than regional peaks. Volumes of search queries lacked periodic patterns. Based on the findings of this study, a more open public discussion about STIs with linkage to increased media coverage and clarification of responsibilities among all STI-treating disciplines concerning management of STIs seem advisable.Incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis has increased in recent years in the US and in European countries. In order to implement effective educational programs, the interests of target populations have to be identified. Since the internet is an important source of information-gathering on health issues, this study investigates web search data in large German cities related to STIs. Google Ads Keyword Planner was used to identify STI-related terms and their search volume in eleven German cities from June 2015 to May 2019. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively with regard to total search volumes, search volumes of specific thematic areas, and search volumes per 100,000 inhabitants. Overall, 741 terms with a total search volume of 5,142,560 queries were identified, with more than 70% of all search queries including a specific disease and “chlamydia” being the overall most often searched term ( Worldwide, more than one million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur every day, resulting in approximately 376 million new infections with chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and trichomoniasis per year ,2. AdditTo target STIs effectively, different control strategies are applied worldwide, such as increased screenings combined with partner notifications and simplified therapies in order to reduce the time of infectiousness. Furthermore, sexual health education is intensified . LimitedHealth education programs inform target populations and often aim at inducing behavioral changes . In ordeIn order to improve sexual health education programs, this study investigates German inhabitants’ interest in STIs and analyzes whether there were regional and periodic differences in search interest and frequency in eleven German cities.A retrospective longitudinal study displaying the web search volume of terms related to STIs in eleven large German cities between June 2015 and May 2019 was conducted. The selected cities were Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Dusseldorf, Dortmund, Leipzig, Hannover, and Nuremberg, which are all among the fifteen biggest cities in Germany and are representative of all German regions . By usinAll identified search terms were reviewed, and keywords that did not refer to the initial search term, “venereal diseases” , were excluded from further analysis. The remaining keywords were assigned to the following seven categories: “Specific diseases” , “gender” , “symptoms” , “diagnostics” , “treatment” , “transmission” , and “general” . Within the category “gender”, keywords containing male references  and female references  were differentiated. Keywords that fit into multiple categories were assigned to all of them.Descriptive data were generated for the identified and categorized keywords. To compare the search volume within the cities, the search volume was calculated in relation to the average number of inhabitants between the years 2015 and 2019 and displayed as number of searches per 100,000 inhabitants ,30. To an = 1,196,160), “genital warts” , “HIV” , “clap” , and “venereal diseases”   .n = 1,241,130), Hamburg , and Munich , while the lowest number of searches was found in Nuremberg . However, when calculating the search volume per 100,000 inhabitants, Frankfurt and Stuttgart had the highest search volumes, with 52,669 and 51,959 queries per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively  was 1.7 times higher than the search volume of keywords including female references . Neither the search volume of keywords with female references nor the search volume of keywords with male references per 100,000 inhabitants differed significantly between cities. The category “specific diseases” had by far the highest search volume with 3,685,580 queries . In this category, the five most common keywords were “chlamydia” , “genital warts” , “HIV” , “clap” , and “gonorrhea” . Since clap is the colloquial term for gonorrhea, these two keywords together represent 15.36% of the category “specific diseases”. In the category “symptoms”, the five most common keywords include either “chlamydia” or “clap”. Furthermore, the word “symptoms” itself was predominant as opposed to naming specific symptoms such as “discharge”. In the category “treatment”, four out of the top five keywords contain the word “physician” (21.74%), but none included “chlamydia” . The sean = 131,660; 1081 searches/100,000 inhabitants) and the lowest in August 2016 . The biggest range in number of searches within one city was found in Dusseldorf with 1678 searches per 100,000 inhabitants in June 2015 compared to 694 searches per 100,000 inhabitants in April 2016 and August 2018, displaying a range of 984. Considering all cities, the average monthly number of searches was 9554, resulting in 863 queries per 100,000 inhabitants. The highest number of searches was in October 2015 , Frankfurt , Dusseldorf , and Leipzig . Another common peak was identified in November 2017.In addition, the time course of search terms related to chlamydia, gonorrhea/clap, and HIV was investigated. Regarding all keywords containing “chlamydia”, two main peaks were observed in October 2015 and November 2017. Keywords with “gonorrhea/clap” showed especially high peaks in July 2017, in March 2018, and in October 2018, and keywords containing “HIV” peaked in November 2015 and February 2016 . The aim of the presented study was to assess STI-related web search data to examine people’s interest and to assess whether there were regional or periodic differences across German cities. It was found that the vast majority of searches focused on specific diseases such as chlamydia and gonorrhea. No considerable differences between the cities regarding search interest and time course were observed.n= 21,701 searches/100,000 inhabitants) and also higher than that of “skin cancer”  [During the analyzed time period of four years, a total of 5,142,560 queries were identified in the eleven large German cities examined, indicating 41,411 queries per 100,000 inhabitants. A trend toward fewer searches per 100,000 inhabitants in larger cities compared to smaller cities was seen. This observation remained after adjustment to the proportion of foreigners in the analyzed cities and has already been described in the context of other Google data analyses ,33. Overbitants) ,33, reprbitants) ,35. Withbitants) . A seconbitants) ,36. TherAnalyzing the categories and their most frequent keywords, it immediately becomes apparent that more than 70% of all searches included a specific disease, especially chlamydia. Chlamydia represents the most common bacterial STI in Germany . AdditioToday show, and in February 2016, German scientists reported a breakthrough toward curing HIV [A relatively consistent monthly search volume was seen during the whole study period except for a few peaks. Nevertheless, the majority of cities had their largest search volume in October 2015, which was mainly caused by an increase of searches for chlamydia-related keywords, and which indicates a national rather than regional trend. In contrast to studies that investigated pruritus, skin cancer, or borreliosis, no seasonal variations were detected ,32,33, wring HIV ,51. TherIn general, the internet is frequently used as a source for health-related information ,52, and In summary, the study results showed a relatively high search volume related to STIs in German cities, with search queries focusing on specific diseases, especially chlamydia and gonorrhea. Furthermore, instead of regional peaks, national trends with no seasonal correlations were seen. The knowledge gained may be helpful for the planning of big educational campaigns as well as future awareness and prevention strategies. It may be advisable to intensify efforts to discuss STIs more publicly, to clarify responsibilities among STI-treating disciplines especially for management of men with STIs, and to link educational programs directly to broadcast news when public attention is already present.


In the article titled “Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke” , additioThe details of where these references should have each been cited are as follows:Reference 61. In Page 2, at the end of first paragraph, after the sentence “In addition, assessing endothelial damage is important when evaluating EPC levels .”Reference 64. In Page 6, at the first paragraph of the second column, after the sentence “In previous studies involving patients with myocardial infarction, a higher number of EPCs were associated with better prognosis, increased myocardial salvage, and more collateral in the ischemic zone .”References 65-68. In Page 7, at the sixth line of the second column, after “Indeed, Mandraffino et al. [60].”


Evaluating outcomes of paediatric patients with HIV provides crucial data for clinicians and policymakers. We analysed mortality and clinical events rates among children, adolescents, and youth with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) aged 0 to 24 years stratified by time‐varying age and CD4, before and after antiretroviral therapy (ART), in the paediatric IeDEA multiregional collaboration .ART‐naïve children with HIV enrolled before age 10  at IeDEA sites between 2004 and 2016, with ≥1 CD4 measurement during follow‐up were included. We estimated incidence rates (IR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of mortality and first occurrence of WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events, excluding tuberculosis, during person‐years (PY) spent within different age  and CD4  strata. We used linear mixed models to predict CD4 evolution, with trends modelled by region.In the pre‐ART period, 49 137 participants contributed 51 966 PY of follow‐up (median enrolment age: 3.9 years). The overall pre‐ART IRs were 2.8/100 PY (95% CI: 2.7 to 2.9) for mortality, 3.3/100 PY (95% CI: 3.0 to 3.5) for first occurrence of a WHO‐4 event, and 7.0/100 PY (95% CI: 6.7 to 7.4) for first occurrence of a WHO‐3 event. Lower CD4 and younger age strata were associated with increased rates of both mortality and first occurrence of a clinical event. In the post‐ART period, 52 147 PHIVY contributed 207 945 PY (ART initiation median age: 4.5 years). Overall mortality IR was 1.4/100 PY (95% CI: 1.4 to 1.5) and higher in low CD4 strata; patients at each end of the age spectrum (<2 and >19) had increased mortality post‐ART. IRs for first occurrence of WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events were 1.3/100 PY (95% CI: 1.2 to 1.4) and 2.1/100 PY (95% CI: 2.0 to 2.2) respectively. These were also associated with lower CD4 and younger age strata.Mortality and incidence of clinical events were highest in both younger (<2 years) and older (>19 years) youth with PHIV. Scaling‐up services for <2 years (early access to HIV diagnosis and care) and >19 years  is critical to improve outcomes among PHIVY. Ihttps://www.iedea.org/) harmonizes globally diverse HIV/AIDS data from routine clinical care. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of mortality and first occurrence of WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events stratified by time‐updated age and CD4 before and after ART initiation among a large, multiregional IeDEA cohort of children, adolescents and youth living with (PHIVY).The International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) research consortium  . Study iData abstracted for this analysis were generated during routine care encounters and included region, country, site, demographics , laboratory values (CD4 count/percent), ART regimens, and, if applicable, date of last clinical contact, transfer out or death.All sites contributed to the mortality analyses, and a subset of sites contributed to the clinical events analyses. For the clinical events analyses, regional data managers assessed the reliability and completeness of data using a 6‐item survey, which gathered data on the frequency and details of event data collected at each site. Sites were selected based on reporting in both the pre‐ and post‐ART periods. Overall, 27/61 IeDEA sites that care for children were included in the clinical events analyses; all regions contributed at least one site, except West Africa, where sites do not record clinical diagnoses.Diagnoses recorded in regional databases were derived by the clinician treating the patient utilizing clinical assessments and locally available diagnostic testing, including clinical, radiographic, laboratory and pathological evaluations. Clinical events were categorized by 2007 WHO staging criteria as Stage 4 (WHO‐4) or Stage 3 (WHO‐3)+++, excluding tuberculosis (TB) . While tThe data presented here are based on retrospective de‐identified information collected on a routine basis in sites participating in the IeDEA consortium. These data were approved for use by the local institutional review boards in each of the IeDEA countries included in the analysis and consent requirements were deferred to the local institutional review boards. Furthermore, the research did not include any planned intervention by the researcher or direct interaction with individuals or groups and no results can identify specific individuals.2.2Outcomes included mortality, first occurrence of WHO‐4 event, and first occurrence of WHO‐3 event, excluding TB, during follow‐up  and CD4 levels were divided into three stratums: we used exclusively CD4 percentage in children aged <5 years  and absolute CD4 cell count for older children aged ≥5 years . First, we estimated the incidence rates (IRs), events per 100 person‐years (PY) of follow‐up, of mortality stratified by the combination of time‐varying age and CD4 level, and conducted a sensitivity analysis where all LTFU was considered as underreported mortality. Second, we estimated IR/100 PYs for the first occurrence of WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events, also stratified by time‐varying age and CD4 in a subset of sites. We report IRs separately in the pre‐ART and post‐ART periods, given that some sites only provided care in the post‐ART periods.To calculate the total person‐time contributed by participants in each age/CD4 stratum, we used random effect models and used estimated dates when strata thresholds were crossed. If only one CD4 value was available and the follow‐up duration was <6 months, we carried this CD4 value through an individual’s entire follow‐up time. If a participant had >1 CD4 value or follow‐up duration ≥6 months, we estimated the date when strata thresholds were crossed based on the overall CD4 pattern observed among the participants in their region. Pre‐ART, we estimated the CD4 decline since birth (the estimated time of infection) using linear mixed models. Post‐ART, we estimated the CD4 increase since ART initiation using linear mixed models. We modelled an increased slope for the first six months post‐ART initiation, reflecting the expected initial robust immune response pattern post‐ART , 15. If We calculated IRs as the number of events divided by the total number of PY of follow‐up for each age and year stratum, and computed confidence intervals (CIs) for Poisson means using normal approximation, based on the logarithmic transformation of the rates. We assessed IR trends across all strata using Poisson models for trend.3Overall, 65 903 children, adolescents, and youth were included, contributing a total of 259 912 person‐years of follow‐up; 49 137 participants contributed to the pre‐ART period and 52 147 to the post‐ART period . Median age at enrolment was 3.9 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.5 to 6.7); 51% were female and >80% enrolled between 2004 and 2012. Overall median follow‐up was 4.0 months [IQR: 1.8 to 13.0] and 77% initiated ART. More person‐time was spent in the 5 to 9 years age stratum (48%) than any other age stratum, and 52% of person‐time was spent in the highest CD4 stratum  were from Southern Africa, 50% were female, and the median age at ART initiation was 4.5 years (IQR: 1.9 to 7.4) . We then observed a slight uptick in mortality within the 15 to 19 stratum . Incidence of mortality was highest in children <2 years  children contributed to the analyses of incidence of WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events.p < 0.001)  presented with a WHO‐4 event at enrolment and were excluded from the analyses of incident first WHO‐4 events. The 16 172 remaining children contributed 23 883 PY and 723 (4%) had at least one WHO‐4 event during pre‐ART follow‐up. Pneumocystis pneumonia (21%) constituted the most frequent diagnosis  Figure .p < 0.001)  had a prevalent WHO‐3 clinical event at enrolment and were excluded from the analyses of incident WHO‐3 events. Among the remaining 15 166 children, 1528 WHO‐3 events occurred during 21 731 PY of follow‐up . Oral candidiasis constituted 46% of the diagnoses . Rates were significantly higher in younger children in and among those with low CD4 counts  were recorded post‐ART; the overall post‐ART mortality IR was 1.4/100 PY (95% CI: 1.4 to 1.5). Similar to the pre‐ART period, mortality was highest within the < 2 years stratum . Mortality then followed a decreasing trend within the middle age strata and then increased within the older ages Figure . In all 3.4In the post‐ART period, a subset of 16 079 participants contributed to the WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events analyses.At the start of the post‐ART period, 18 children (<1%) had a prevalent WHO‐4 condition and were excluded from the analyses of incident post‐ART WHO‐4 events. Overall, 899 WHO‐4 events occurred among 16 061 children, during 72 412 PY of follow‐up. Recurrent severe bacterial infection and PCP represented >40% of these events  had a prevalent WHO‐3 condition at the start of the post‐ART period and were excluded from the analyses of incident post‐ART WHO‐3 conditions. Among the remaining 16 054 children, 1410 (9%) experienced a first WHO‐3 event during 21 732 person‐years of follow‐up, yielding an overall IR of 2.1/100 PY (95% CI: 2.0 to 2.2). Oral candidiasis (31%) was the most frequently observed event   before and after ART initiation among 65 903 children, adolescents and youth living with PHIV over 259 912 PY of follow‐up. We make several key findings. First, post‐ART mortality rates were the highest at each end of the age spectrum relative to ages in the middle of the spectrum. Second, as age increased, participants in the lowest CD4 stratum had the highest mortality rates in the post‐ART period. Third, pre‐ART, IRs of both mortality and first occurrence of WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events decreased as age and CD4 levels increased. Fourth, despite low incidence rates of clinical events, there remains a substantial burden of poor HIV‐related immune status and WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events, both pre‐ and post‐ART.We report an overall post‐ART mortality rate (1.4/100 PY) that is similar to those reported in other studies , 21, 22.Notably, mortality incidence was higher at the lowest CD4 stratum during the post‐ART period compared to the pre‐ART period, for the same age strata. In this study were unable to link morbidity to mortality, however, given that the median age at ART initiation was 4.5 years, this likely reflects the late stage at which children, adolescents, and youth were accessing ART: children are initiating ART at very low CD4 counts, and mortality is occurring before immune reconstitution is possible , 28, 29.Pre‐ART, the overall mortality rate was 2.8/100 PY. The <2‐year‐old mortality was close to 4‐fold higher (9.8/100 PY). However, these pre‐ART rates are lower than those observed in earlier studies , 31. In Few studies document the incidence of WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 events in children prior to initiating ART, and those that do were conducted in the pre‐ART era in high‐income countries. Overall, the pre‐ART IRs observed in our study are lower than those reported elsewhere . Post‐AROur study is affected by several limitations. First, survivor bias, as described above, likely led to an underestimation of mortality and clinical events IRs. Second, inclusion criteria included at least one CD4 measurement during both pre and post ART follow‐up, likely excluding those who died before access to CD4 was possible. Third, LTFU was high, particularly in the post‐ART period; this also may have led to unascertained morbidity and mortality: to account for this, and provide an interval in which true mortality IRs lie, we conducted a sensitivity analysis, under a maximum bias assumption where all LTFU was mortality. Fourth, excluding TB from the clinical events analysis underestimates WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 clinical events IRs. Indeed, in secondary analysis, we found high TB IRs. Although these findings are in line with previous studies, in the absence of reliably consistent application of TB case definitions, we feel our estimates are more robust as presented with this caveat , 39. In Nonetheless, this study provides the largest report of both pre‐ and post‐ART, time‐updated age‐ and CD4‐stratified data on paediatric and adolescent mortality and WHO‐4 and WHO‐3 IRs (excluding TB) in the post‐ART era. The data presented are likely the most recent available describing children and adolescents living with HIV who are have not yet initiated ART and remain crucial to document the natural history of HIV progression. Furthermore, our results are strengthened by the study’s global scope and duration of follow‐up, providing estimates from infancy through age 24. While we likely underestimate IRs, but as CD4 testing becomes less available as countries shift to viral load monitoring, our data provide a valuable perspective on regional and global trends of IRs of morbidity and mortality by time‐updated age and CD4 level that will help to gauge current access to and quality of care. CD4 monitoring continues to play an important role in the clinical management of HIV, particularly for patients presenting late to care, and for treatment monitoring where viral load monitoring is restricted . As Trea5Mortality and clinical event IRs were lower in our global cohort after ART initiation compared to before, except in younger children at low CD4 levels. Our data reflect the advanced stage of disease at which these children initiated ART across our cohorts and highlight the urgency in treating children at the earliest age possible. The high post‐ART mortality rates observed among children <2 years of age underscore the importance of prioritizing access to early HIV diagnosis and care in infants. Furthermore, while IRs decreased as age increased, this was no longer true in adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 years. Strengthening adolescent‐focused HIV services remains critical to improve long‐term outcomes among youth living with PHIV.Authors have no conflicts of interest.SDe, AMN, ALC, KWK, MAD and VL designed the study. KC, AE, KWK, SDu, MAD and VL provided data. KM, BM and GP extracted the data. SDe analysed the data. SDe and AMN drafted the manuscript. All authors have read, revised and approved the final version.The TREAT Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database is an initiative of TREAT Asia, a program of amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Mental Health, and National Institute on Drug Abuse as part of the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS . The Kirby Institute is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, and is affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia. The content of this publication is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of any of the governments or institutions mentioned above.Site investigators and cohorts: PS Ly, V Khol, National Centre for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; J Tucker, New Hope for Cambodian Children, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; N Kumarasamy, E Chandrasekaran, Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Clinical Research Site (CART CRS), VHS‐Infectious Diseases Medical Centre, VHS, Chennai, India; A Kinikar, V Mave, S Nimkar, I Marbaniang, BJ Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Maharashtra, India; DK Wati, D Vedaswari, IB Ramajaya, Sanglah Hospital, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia; N Kurniati, D Muktiarti, Cipto Mangunkusumo – Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; SM Fong, M Lim, F Daut, Hospital Likas, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia; NK Nik Yusoff, P Mohamad, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kelantan, Malaysia; TJ Mohamed, MR Drawis, Pediatric Institute, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; R Nallusamy, KC Chan, Penang Hospital, Penang, Malaysia; T Sudjaritruk, V Sirisanthana, L Aurpibul, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; R Hansudewechakul, P Ounchanum, S Denjanta, A Kongphonoi, Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chiang Rai, Thailand; P Lumbiganon, P Kosalaraksa, P Tharnprisan, T Udomphanit, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; G Jourdain, PHPT‐IRD UMI 174 (Institut de recherche pour le développement and Chiang Mai University), Chiang Mai, Thailand; T Puthanakit, S Anugulruengkit, W Jantarabenjakul, R Nadsasarn, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Research Unit in Pediatric and Infectious Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; K Chokephaibulkit, K Lapphra, W Phongsamart, S Sricharoenchai, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; KH Truong, QT Du, CH Nguyen, Children’s Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; VC Do, TM Ha, VT An Children’s Hospital 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; LV Nguyen, DTK Khu, AN Pham, LT Nguyen, National Hospital of Pediatrics, Hanoi, Vietnam; ON Le, Worldwide Orphans Foundation, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; AH Sohn, JL Ross, T Suwanlerk, TREAT Asia/amfAR ‐ The Foundation for AIDS Research, Bangkok, Thailand; MG Law, A Kariminia, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia.This work was supported by the NIH‐funded Caribbean, Central and South America network for HIV epidemiology (CCASAnet), a member cohort of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (leDEA) (U01AI069923). This award is funded by the following institutes: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute Of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the Fogarty International Center (FIC), and the Office Of The Director, National Institutes Of Health (OD).Fundación Huésped, Argentina: Pedro Cahn, Carina Cesar, Valeria Fink, Omar Sued, Emanuel Dell’Isola, Jose Valiente, Cleyton Yamamoto. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia‐Fiocruz, Brazil: Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso, Paula Luz, Raquel de Boni, Sandra Cardoso Wagner, Ruth Friedman, Ronaldo Moreira. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil: Jorge Pinto, Flavia Ferreira, Marcelle Maia. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil: Regina Célia de Menezes Succi, Daisy Maria Machado, Aida de Fátima Barbosa Gouvêa. Fundación Arriarán, Chile: Marcelo Wolff, Claudia Cortes, Maria Fernanda Rodriguez, Gladys Allendes. Les Centres GHESKIO, Haiti: Jean William Pape, Vanessa Rouzier, Adias Marcelin, Christian Perodin. Hospital Escuela Universitario, Honduras: Marco Tulio Luque. Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social, Honduras: Denis Padgett. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico: Juan Sierra Madero, Brenda Crabtree Ramirez, Paco Belaunzaran, Yanink Caro Vega. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Peru: Eduardo Gotuzzo, Fernando Mejia, Gabriela Carriquiry. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA: Catherine C McGowan, Bryan E Shepherd, Timothy Sterling, Karu Jayathilake, Anna K Person, Peter F Rebeiro, Jessica Castilho, Stephany N Duda, Fernanda Maruri, Hilary Vansell, Cathy Jenkins, Ahra Kim, Sarah Lotspeich.Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), the Fogarty International Center (FIC), the National Library of Medicine (NLM), and the Office of the Director (OD) under Award Number U01AI096299 . The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.Site investigators and cohorts: Nimbona Pélagie, Association Nationale de Soutien aux Séropositifs et Malade du Sida (ANSS), Burundi; Patrick Gateretse, Jeanine Munezero, Valentin Nitereka, Théodore Niyongabo, Christelle Twizere, Centre National de Reference en Matière de VIH/SIDA, Burundi; Hélène Bukuru, Thierry Nahimana, Centre Hospitalo‐Universitaire de Kamenge (CHUK), Burundi; Elysée Baransaka, Patrice Barasukana, Eugene Kabanda, Martin Manirakiza, François Ndikumwenayo, CHUK/Burundi National University, Burundi; Jérémie Biziragusenyuka, Ange Marie Michelline Munezero, Hospital Prince Régent Charles (HPRC), Burundi; Tabeyang Mbuh, Kinge Thompson Njie, Edmond Tchassem, Kien‐Atsu Tsi, Bamenda Hospital, Cameroon; Rogers Ajeh, Mark Benwi, Marc Lionel Ngamani, Victorine Nkome, Grace Toutou, Clinical Research Education and Consultancy (CRENC), Cameroon; Anastase Dzudie, CRENC and Douala General Hospital, Cameroon; Akindeh Mbuh, CRENC and University of Yaoundé, Cameroon; Djenabou Amadou, Amadou Dodo Balkissou, Eric Ngassam, Eric Walter Pefura Yone, Jamot Hospital, Cameroon; Alice Ndelle Ewanoge, Norbert Fuhngwa, Ernestine Kendowo, Chris Moki, Denis Nsame Nforniwe, Limbe Regional Hospital, Cameroon; Catherine Akele, Faustin Kitetele, Patricia Lelo, Martine Tabala, Kalembelembe Pediatric Hospital, Democratic Republic of Congo; Emile Wemakoy Okitolonda, Cherubin Ekembe, Kinshasa School of Public Health, Democratic Republic of Congo; Merlin Diafouka, Martin Herbas Ekat, Dominique Mahambou Nsonde, CTA Brazzaville, Republic of Congo; Adolphe Mafou, CTA Pointe‐Noire, Republic of Congo; Nicole Ayinkamiye, Jules Igirimbabazi, Bethsaida Health Center, Rwanda; Emmanuel Ndamijimana, Providance Uwineza, Busanza Health Center, Rwanda; Emmanuel Habarurema, Marie Luise Nyiraneza, Gahanga Health Center, Rwanda; Dorothee Mukamusana, Liliane Tuyisenge, Gikondo Health Center, Rwanda; Catherine Kankindi, Christian Shyaka, Kabuga Health Center, Rwanda; Marie Grace Ingabire, Bonheur Uwakijijwe, Kicukiro Health Center, Rwanda; Jules Ndumuhire, Marie Goretti Nyirabahutu, Masaka Health Center, Rwanda; Yvette Ndoli, Oliver Uwamahoro, Nyarugunga Health Center, Rwanda; Ribakare Muhayimpundu, Sabin Nsanzimana, Eric Remera, Esperance Umurarungu, Rwanda Biomedical Center, Rwanda; Lydia Busingye, Alex M Butera, Josephine Gasana, Thierry Habiryayo, Charles Ingabire, Jules Kabahizi, Jean Chrysostome Kagimbana, Faustin Kanyabwisha, Gallican Kubwimana, Benjamin Muhoza, Athanase Munyaneza, Gad Murenzi, Francoise Musabyimana, Francine Mwiza, Gallican Nshogoza Rwibasira, Jean d'Amour Sinayobye, Patrick Tuyisenge, Rwanda Military Hospital, Rwanda; Chantal Benekigeri, Jacqueline Musaninyange, WE‐ACTx Health Center, Rwanda.Coordinating and Data Centers: Adebola Adedimeji, Kathryn Anastos, Madeline Dilorenzo, Lynn Murchison, Jonathan Ross, Marcel Yotebieng, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA; Diane Addison, Ellen Brazier, Heidi Jones, Elizabeth Kelvin, Sarah Kulkarni, Denis Nash, Matthew Romo, Olga Tymejczyk, Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York (CUNY), USA; Batya Elul, Columbia University, USA; Xiatao Cai, Allan Dong, Don Hoover, Hae‐Young Kim, Chunshan Li, Qiuhu Shi, Data Solutions, USA; Robert Agler, Kathryn Lancaster, The Ohio State University, USA; Mark Kuniholm, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA; Andrew Edmonds, Angela Parcesepe, Jess Edwards, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Olivia Keiser, University of Geneva; Stephany Duda; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, USA; April Kimmel, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA.Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institute On Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and the Fogarty International Center (FIC), in accordance with the regulatory requirements of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U01AI069911 East Africa IeDEA Consortium. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.Site investigators and cohorts (with data managers): Diero L, Sang E, MOI University, AMPATH Plus, Eldoret, Kenya; Bukusi E, Elisheba Mutegi, KEMRI , Kisumu, Kenya; Charles Kasozi, Lydia Buzaalirwa, Mathew Ssemakadde, Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, Masaka, Uganda; Mwebesa Bosco Bwana, Michael Kanyesigye, Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mbarara, Uganda; Barbara Castelnuovo; John Michael Matovu, Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI), Mulago, Uganda; Fred Nalugoda, Francis X Wasswa, Rakai Health Sciences Program, Kalisizo, Uganda, Paul Kazyoba, Mary Mayige, , Dar es Salaam Tanzania), and Rita Elias Lyamuya, Francis Mayanga, Morogoro Regional Hospital, Morogoro, Tanzania; Kapella Ngonyani, Jerome Lwali, Tumbi Regional Hospital, Pwani, Tanzania; Mark Urassa and Charles Nyaga , Mwanza, Tanzania), Tanzania; Rachel Vreeman  Kara Wools‐Kaloustian, Constantin Yiannoutsos, Beverly Musick, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Batya Elul, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA; Jennifer Syvertsen, University of California Riverside, California, USA; Rami Kantor, Brown University/Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Jeffrey Martin, Megan Wenger, Craig Cohen, Jayne Kulzer, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Paula Braitstein, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.Research reported in this publication was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute On Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institute On Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism (NIAAA), Fogarty International Center (FIC), National Cancer Institute (NCI), and by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U01AI069924. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.Site investigators and cohorts: Gary Maartens, Aid for AIDS, South Africa; Carolyn Bolton, Michael Vinikoor, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Zambia; Robin Wood and Catherine Orrell, Gugulethu ART Programme, South Africa; Nosisa Sipambo, Harriet Shezi Clinic, South Africa; Frank Tanser, Africa Centre for Health & Population Studies (Hlabisa), South Africa; Andrew Boulle, Khayelitsha ART Programme, South Africa; Geoffrey Fatti, Kheth’Impilo, South Africa; Sam Phiri, Lighthouse Clinic, Malawi; Cleophas Chimbetete, Newlands Clinic, Zimbabwe; Karl Technau, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, South Africa; Brian Eley, Red Cross Children's Hospital, South Africa; Josephine Muhairwe, SolidarMed Lesotho; Juan Burgos‐Soto, SolidarMed Mozambique; Cordelia Kunzekwenyika, SolidarMed Zimbabwe, Matthew P Fox, Themba Lethu Clinic, South Africa; Hans Prozesky, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, South Africa.Data centers: Nina Anderegg, Marie Ballif, Lina Bartels, Julia Bohlius, Benedikt Christ, Felix Cuneo, Cam Ha Dao Ostinelli, Masa Davidovic, Tafadzwa Dhokotera, Matthias Egger, Lukas Fenner, Per von Groote, Andreas Haas, Taghavi Katayoun, Serra Lem, Martina Reichmuth, Veronika Skrivankova, Lilian Smith, Gilles Wandeler, Elizabeth Zaniewski, Kathrin Zürcher, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland; Kim Anderson, Andrew Boulle, Morna Cornell, Mary‐Ann Davies, Victoria Iyun, Leigh Johnson, Reshma Kassanjee, Kathleen Kehoe,Mmamapudi Kubjane, Nicola Maxwell, Patience Nyakato, Ernest Mokotoane, Gem Patten, Mpho Tlali, Priscilla Tsondai, Renee de Waal, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.Research reported in this publication was supported by the US National Institutes of Health  under Award Number U01AI069919 (PI: Dabis). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.”Adult cohorts: Marcel Djimon Zannou, CNHU, Cotonou, Benin; Armel Poda, CHU Souro Sanou, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Fred Stephen Sarfo & Komfo Anokeye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana; Eugene Messou, ACONDA CePReF, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire; Henri Chenal, CIRBA, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire; Kla Albert Minga, CNTS, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire; Emmanuel Bissagnene, & Aristophane Tanon, CHU Treichville, Cote d’Ivoire; Moussa Seydi, CHU de Fann, Dakar, Senegal; Akessiwe Akouda Patassi, CHU Sylvanus Olympio, Lomé, Togo.Pediatric cohorts: Sikiratou Adouni Koumakpai‐Adeothy,_CNHU, Cotonou, Benin; Lorna Awo Renner, Korle Bu Hospital, Accra, Ghana; Sylvie Marie N’Gbeche, ACONDA CePReF, Abidjan, Ivory Coast; Clarisse Amani Bosse, ACONDA_MTCT+, Abidjan, Ivory Coast; Kouadio Kouakou, CIRBA, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire; Madeleine Amorissani Folquet, CHU de Cocody, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire; François Tanoh Eboua, CHU de Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire; Fatoumata Dicko Traore, Hopital Gabriel Toure, Bamako, Mali; Elom Takassi, CHU Sylvanus Olympio, Lomé,Togo.Coordinating & data centers: François Dabis, Elise Arrive, Eric Balestre, Renaud Becquet, Charlotte Bernard, Shino Chassagne Arikawa, Alexandra Doring, Antoine Jaquet, Karen Malateste, Elodie Rabourdin, Thierry Tiendrebeogo, ADERA, Isped & INSERM U1219, Bordeaux, France. Sophie Desmonde, Julie Jesson, Valeriane Leroy, Inserm 1027, Toulouse, France Didier Koumavi Ekouevi, Jean‐Claude Azani, Patrick Coffie, Abdoulaye Cissé, Guy Gnepa, Apollinaire Horo, Christian Kouadio, Boris Tchounga, PACCI, CHU Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.Research reported in this publication was supported by the US National Institutes of Health. Asia‐Pacific: The TREAT Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database is an initiative of TREAT Asia, a programme of amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, with support from the US National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and the Fogarty International Center (FIC) as part of the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS . The Caribbean, Central and South America network for HIV epidemiology  is supported by NICHD, NCI, NIAID, NIMH, NHLBI, NIAAA, NIDDK, FIC, and the Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health (OD).” Central Africa research reported in this publication was supported by NIAID, NICHD, NCI, NIDA, NHLBI, NIAAA, NIDDK, FIC, the National Library of Medicine (NLM), and OD under Award Number U01AI096299 . East African Research reported in this publication was supported by NIAID, NICHD, NIDA, NCI, and NIMH, in accordance with the regulatory requirements of the NIH under Award Number U01AI069911 (KWK is a PI). Southern African research reported in this publication was supported by the NIAID of the NIH under Award Number U01AI069924 (MAD is a PI). West African Research reported in this publication is supported by NIAID, NICHD, NCI and NIMH under award number U01AI069919. Additional support for this research included K08 HD094638 to AMN and R01HD079214 to ALC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the above institutions.Data S1. Supplemental digital content 1.Data S2. This file provides the complete IeDEA global funding acknowledgments for each region.Click here for additional data file.


The Korean government  has framed policies and conducted many projects to encourage adolescents to be more physically active. Despite these efforts, the participation rate of physical activity in Korean adolescents keeps decreasing. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the perception of sports and physical activity in Korean adolescents through big data analysis of the last 10 years and to provide research data and statistical direction with regard to sports and physical activity participation in Korean adolescents. For data collection, data from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019 were collected from Naver , Daum , and Google , which are the most widely used search engines in Korea, using TEXTOM 4.0 , a big data collection and analysis solution. Keywords such as “adolescent + sports + physical activity” were used. TEXTOM 4.0 can generate various collection lists at once using keywords. Collected data were processed through text mining  and social network analysis (SNA)  by using TEXTOM 4.0 and UCINET 6 social network analysis software . A total of 9278 big data (10.36 MB) were analyzed. Frequency analysis of the top 50 terms through text mining showed exercise (872), mind (851), health (824), program (782), and burden (744) in a descending order. Term frequency–inverse document frequency analysis revealed exercise (2108.070), health (1961.843), program (1928.765), mind (1861.837), and burden (1722.687) in a descending order. SNA showed that the terms with the greatest degree of centrality were exercise (0.02857), program (0.02406), mind (0.02079), health (0.02062), and activity (0.01872) in a descending order. Convergence of the iterated correlations analysis indicated five clusters: exercise and health, child to adult, sociocultural development, therapy, and program. However, female gender, sports for all, stress, and wholesome did not have a high enough correlation to form one cluster. Thus, this study provides basic data and statistical direction to increase the rate of physical activity participation in Korean adolescents by drawing significant implications based on terms and clusters through bid data analysis. The 2018 Korea Student Health Examination reported that the rate of obesity in Korean adolescents increased from 21.2% in 2014 to 25.0% in 2018, representing an increase of 3.8 percentage points in three years [Big data refers to large-scale data that cannot be stored, managed, or analyzed using traditional database software . Big datKorea currently offers favorable conditions for big data to flourish by virtue of its globally superior network infrastructures and the immense amount of data consequently produced ,15. WhilThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi, Korea (No. KHGIRB-20-096). Data were searched from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019 to be included in the analysis. For data collection, the TEXTOM 4.0 big data analysis solution , a web crawling program, was used to collect the unstructured text on webpages, blogs, and news articles provided by Naver , Daum, aIn this study, text mining and social network analysis (SNA) were performed to analyze big data on Korean adolescents’ SPA. Text mining refers to the technique of using natural language processing and data mining techniques to extract meaningful information from unstructured text data . Thus, tNetwork centrality is a measure of how close each node in the network is to the center of the network . There aIn this study, degree centrality and CONCOR, which are the most representative concepts in SNA, were used. TEXTOM 4.0 big data analysis solution  and UCINET 6 social network analysis software  were used to perform text mining and SNA .In this study, texts related to the keywords “adolescent + sports + physical activity”, published on Naver, Daum, and Google between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019 were collected; the results are reported in First, the results of performing a frequency analysis on the top 50 terms related to Korean adolescents’ SPA are shown in Second, TF–IDF was performed to calculate how important each term was in a particular document by multiplying term frequency (TF) and inverse document frequency (IDF). TF means the frequency of a specific word in a document, DF is the frequency of a specific word in multiple documents, and IDF is the inverse of DF . Thus, tAs seen in This study was based on degree centrality, which focuses on the level of connection of one node to the others as the centrality. Furthermore, to analyze the structures of the relationships among the latent sub-clusters, CONCOR analysis was performed. First, normalized degree centrality is defined as the number of links divided by the maximum possible value . Thus, tSecond, a CONCOR analysis was performed to analyze the structures of the relationships among the latent sub-clusters in the network cluster. The results are shown in As a result of the frequency analysis of text-mining from 2010 to 2019, the SPA of Korean adolescents, “exercise”, “mind”, “health”, “program”, and “burden” showed high frequency. Baker et al. (2011) and Keteyian (2011) claimed that physical activities that require active performance such as sports are important for enhancing health ,38 and tThe results of the CONCOR analysis categorized the structural similarities within the network into five clusters: “exercise and health”, “child to adult”, “sociocultural development”, “therapy”, and “program”. First, in the “exercise and health” cluster, it was found that the links between exercise, health, and activity were high. This supports the findings of previous studies suggesting that sports and physical activities are important factors for adolescent growth  and healIn this study, big data related to Korean adolescents’ SPA between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019 were collected, and text mining and SNA were performed on the collected unstructured text using the TEXTOM 4.0 big data analysis solution  and UCINET 6 social network analysis software .The total number of big data analyzed in this study was 9278 data points, and the volume was 10.36 MB. The results of the frequency analysis through text mining showed that the terms “exercise”, “mind”, “health”, “program”, “burden”, “vitamin D”, “outdoor activity”, “immunity”, “sunbathing”, and “activity” were the most frequently used words. The results of the TF–IDF analysis showed that “exercise”, “health”, “program”, “mind”, “burden”, “vitamin D”, “outdoor activity”, “immunity”, “sunbathing”, and “activity” were the most frequently used words. Through the analytic process, various nodes related to Korean adolescents’ SPA and their relative importance were identified.Second, the results of the SNA showed that the terms with the greatest degree of centrality were “exercise”, “program”, “mind”, “health”, “activity”, “management”, “student”, “participation”, “school”, and “education”. Nodes such as “activity”, “management”, “student”, “participation”, “school”, and “education” were found to have an increased ranking in the SNA results compared to the results of the frequency analysis and TF–IDF analysis. The results of the CONCOR analysis yielded the following five clusters: exercise and health, child to adult, sociocultural development, therapy, and program. However, even though female, sports for all, stress, and wholesome could not form a cluster, circumspection is required. In conclusion, three Korean ministries such as the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Ministry of Health and Welfare, and Ministry of Education have conducted and planned about 190 policies and projects with regard to the physical activity of children and adolescents . Despite


ARTbio Bioinformatics Analysis Facility, Sorbonne Université, CNRS FR3631, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France,” the affiliation should be “Institut Pasteur, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France.” Additionally, the author should also have the following affiliation: “Institut Français de Bioinformatique, CNRS UMS 3601, Evry, France.” Furthermore, the Acknowledgments section should be amended to recognize supportive institutions. The correct Acknowledgments appears below.In the original article, there was an error in the affiliation of the corresponding author. Since a substantial part of the work was not carried out at this university, instead of “


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-03370-z, published online 09 June 2017Correction to: The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete.“Davide Cossu is an “overseas researcher under Postdoctoral Fellowship of Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences”.”should read:“Davide Cossu is an “overseas researcher under Postdoctoral Fellowship of Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences”. Yokoyama Kazumasa and Hattori Nobutaka research studies are financially supported by Ono Pharmaceutical, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Hydrogen Hearlth Medical Labo, ABIST, Melodian, Daiwa, Biogen Idec Japan, Bayer Yakuhin, Nihon Pharmaceutical, Asahi Kasei Medical, MiZ and Kenkokazoku. All Authors report no competing interest.”


In the published article, there was an error in affiliation 3. Instead of “SSD Talassemie, Anemie Rare e Dismetabolismi del Ferro, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico Antonio Cao, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy”, it should be “Division of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey”.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


GBD 2017 Stomach Cancer Collaborators. The global, regional, and national burden of stomach cancer in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 5: 42–542020; —In this Article, the affiliation for C La Vecchia should read “Clinical Medicine and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy (Prof C La Vecchia MD)”. These changes have been made to the online version as of Feb 12, 2020.


Natural and non-natural disasters have harmful results in various field of traffic and transportation configuration. Infrastructure performance have a huge impact in disaster situation and can increase or decrease effects of damage. Considering the unpredictable feature intensity of disaster, appropriate decisions can reduce failure. In this paper, emphasis of sample surveying for operating traffic and transportation network with regard to, network link capacity for access to various disaster situation. For that, case of TABRIZ inner-city highway network, Investigation the important links based on Network Robustness Index (NRI). So Tabriz inner-city networks links, are disconnect in each iteration and OD matrix assigned. Aggregate results on network such as Vehicle Hour Trip VHT are calculated and used for prioritization. Based on reduced VHT, links are categorized in 4 classes. Very much disaster, Very disaster, Moderate disaster and low disaster. Prioritization, Disaster Management, Assignment, Capacity, Volume, Highway, VHT, NRI.


The authors, Coleman-Hulbert, AL; Johnson, E; Sedore, CA; Banse, SA; Guo, M2; Driscoll, M3; Lithgow, GJ; and Phillips, PC, submit the following correction.The first reference in the methods paragraph should be  and should not be lettered accordingly.Caenorhabditis species in triplicate using our previously published workflow .”“We assayed lifespan in response to imatinib mesylate exposure in three should be corrected to:Caenorhabditis species in triplicate using our previously published workflow .”“We assayed lifespan in response to imatinib mesylate exposure in three


In the published article, there was an error regarding the affiliation for Mariagrazia Pizza. The author was incorrectly assigned affiliation 2 “Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT) University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,” though it should be affiliation 1 “GSK, Siena, Italy.”In addition, the name of the institution in affiliation 4 was incomplete. The affiliation was captured as “Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom,” though it should be “Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.”The authors apologize for these errors and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


In the article titled “The Contribution of Complementary and Alternative Medicine to Reduce Antibiotic Use: A Narrative Review of Health Concepts, Prevention, and Treatment Strategies” , affilia


In “Comparison of YouthCHAT, an Electronic Composite Psychosocial Screener, With a Clinician Interview Assessment for Young People: Randomized Trial” by Thabrew et al :e13911), there were two errors which were not identified during the proofing stage.The original published title was incorrectly listed as:Comparison of YouthCHAT, an Electronic Composite Psychosocial Screener, With a Clinician Interview Assessment for Young People: Randomized Controlled TrialThe correct title is:Comparison of YouthCHAT, an Electronic Composite Psychosocial Screener, With a Clinician Interview Assessment for Young People: Randomized TrialAlthough the study had two arms and randomization of participants did occur into two groups—one that completed intervention A before intervention B and the other that completed intervention B before intervention A—there was no control group.Also, the academic degrees listed for Hiran Thabrew, Simona D’Silva, and Felicity Goodyear-Smith were provided incorrectly. On the original published manuscript their degrees were listed as “Hiran Thabrew, BSc, BM", “Simona D'Silva, BSc”, and "Felicity Goodyear-Smith, FRNZCGP, RCP, FFLM, MGP, MB CHB". The correct degree listings for these authors are as follows: “Hiran Thabrew, BSc, BM, FRACP, FRANZCP”, “Simona D'Silva, BHSc”, and "Felicity Goodyear-Smith, MBChB, MD, FRNZCGP(Dist)".These corrections will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR website on February 3, 2020, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories.


Buiting, PhD, incorrectly indicated her current affiliation as “Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Netherlands Cancer Institute.” The correct affiliation should have been indicated as “Amsterdam, the Netherlands.” This article has been corrected.In the Invited Commentary, “Importance of Quality-of-Life Measurement Throughout the Disease Course,”


Nearly one-half of all construction projects exceed planned costs and schedule, globally  Specifications Table1•These data contain 132,662 construction projects, spanning 10-plus years, and account for $856 billion in DoD spending. These data are categorically diverse; they contain many types of projects, including but not limited to, roads, runways, administrative facilities, communications work, mechanical renovation, and demolition.•Statistical analyses may be performed by researchers participating in construction auditing, cost estimating, planning, or programming.•These data may identify trends and relationships in construction contract information at and between geographic locations, construction sectors, contract types, contracting agents, project costs, project durations, and modification frequency.•Current literature focuses on a comparatively small sample size when empirically analyzing construction contract data. To the author's knowledge, this is the most extensive set of construction contract data from a single source.•These data can also be used to track historical spending on construction projects within the U.S. DoD. These data could prove useful in creating forecasting models on construction cost fluctuations or even be used to calibrate project costs and schedules based on their type.2The data were compiled from the FPDS-NG website using specific querying to obtain all real property repair, alterations, maintenance, and construction projects executed by the U.S. DoD from 2009 to 2020. These data represent 132,652 construction projects for which the U.S. DoD contracted outside entities to complete necessary maintenance, repairs, alterations, and modernization of U.S. DoD real property.These U.S. DoD construction projects range from hangar and runway repairs to modernization projects for office space. Many of the projects completed on U.S. DoD installations can also be found in the public or private sectors of the construction industry.Funding of U.S. DoD construction projects varies from year to year, much like other public and private entities. This variability in funding is based on factors outside of the control of the U.S. DoD and, therefore, requires these expenditures to be on-target with regard to planned cost and schedule. The effects of deviation from these planned attributes, for any project, can be far-reaching. Projects exceeding planned cost and schedule can result in deferred or canceled facility maintenance, repair or construction initiatives elsewhere in the DoD's portfolio, both in the current and future years. To ensure the capability and mission readiness of the U.S. DoD (of which the U.S. military is a part), the facilities it operates must be maintained to meet the users’ needs.To mitigate these deferments, possible project cancellations, and in order to meet the needs of the facility occupants, these data can be used to identify key factors associated with cost and schedule deviations. Once isolated, these factors can be used to mitigate future cost or schedule overruns associated with public and private construction, as well as U.S. DoD construction projects.31“Contracting Department Name” showing only “DEPT OF DEFENSE”2“Product Service Code” similar to “Y1” for “Construction of Structures and Facilities”3“Product Service Code” similar to “Z1” for “Maintenance of Real Property”4“Product Service Code” similar to “Z2” for “Repair of Alterations of Real Property”5“Date Signed only show values between” with dates “10/01/XXXX” and 09/31/XXXX” based on the fiscal year 6“Treasury Account Symbol Main Account Code” showing only “3400″, “3300″, “3307″, “3404″, “1205″, “1206″, “1804″, “1805″, “1106″, “1107″, “2020″, “2022″, “2050″, “2051″, “3122″, “3123″,”'3134”, “3135.”7Each Product Service Code was used for every fiscal year while keeping the Contracting Department Name consistently limited to the Department of Defense. In doing so, at least three spreadsheets were produced for each fiscal year from 2009 through the first 6 months 2020. The database output was limited to CSV files containing 30,000 or fewer lines that, in some cases, necessitated the production of additional files based on a given PCS and fiscal year.As mentioned previously, the data were pulled from FPDS-NG using several progressive filters. The filters used are listed below:A complete description of each of the elements contained in the data are listed below and unless otherwise noted found in the FPDS-NG User's Manual Tyler Stout: Software, Investigation, Validation, Data curation. Adam Teston: Investigation, Writing - original draft. Brent Langhals: Software, Validation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing. Justin Delorit: Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Carlton Hendrix: Conceptualization, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Steven Schuldt: Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition.The Air Force Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC) is the sponsor of this ongoing research effort. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships which have, or could be perceived to have, influenced the work reported in this article.


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-019-39674-5, published online 20 February 2019Correction to: The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete.“This study was partially funded by the Principado de Asturias, PCTI 2018–2020 (GRUPIN: IDI2018-000237) and FEDER. We thank Benjamin Rabanal from the Laboratorio de Técnicas Instrumentales, University of León, for Batrachochytrium spp. PCR analysis, and Frank Pasmans’ Lab for kindly providing Bd and Bsal DNA controls.”should read:“This study was partially funded by the Principado de Asturias, PCTI 2018–2020 (GRUPIN: IDI2018-000237) and FEDER. We thank Benjamin Rabanal from the Laboratorio de Técnicas Instrumentales, University of León, for Batrachochytrium spp. PCR analysis, and Frank Pasmans’ Lab for kindly providing Bd and Bsal DNA controls.Fieldwork was partially funded by the Environment and Land Planning Department of the Regional Government of Galicia , with the financial support of the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) of the European Union. We are indebted to the Galician Canoeing Federation for their help and support during the field work.”


Zhou M, Wang H, Zeng X, et al. Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 394: 1145–582019; —The appendix of this Article has been corrected as of July 2, 2020.


Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52409-w, published online 04 November 2019Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Tomasz Budlewski was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital name of the Military Medical Academy Central Hospital Veterans of Lodz, Lodz, Poland’.The correct affiliation is listed below.Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital name of the Military Medical Academy-Central Hospital Veterans of Lodz Ul. Pieniny 30, 92-115 Łódź, Poland.This error has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.


Dear Editor,-3 The diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, radiographic symptoms and especially histological examination after biopsy.Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is reported as being rare in the literature, with an incidence of 5 cases per 1 million per year and a prevalence of 3.7:1 in men:women. LCH is generally limited to an organ, most commonly lesions of the bone, whether solitary or multiple, that tend to appear in the cranial or femoral region in children younger than 10 years and in the costal arches, scapula or mandible in patients up to 20 years of age.,5We present a rare manifestation in a male patient, 51 years old, with clinical and radiographic examinations presenting a pathological fracture of the mandible on the right side , due to The rapid evolution and aggressiveness of the lesion, as well as the initial diagnostic hypothesis of being a malignant lesion, indicated that treatment should involve hospital admission and multidisciplinary planning, which increases the time of treatment and costs because the patient will need reconstructive surgery to restore his functional and aesthetic quality of life.Fábio Vieira de Miranda Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Araçatuba (SP), Brazil.William Phillip Pereira da Silva Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Araçatuba (SP), Brazil.Renato Victor de Oliveira Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Maringá - Maringá (PR), Brasil.Gustavo Antônio Correia Momesso Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Araçatuba (SP), Brazil.Tárik Ocon Braga Polo Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Araçatuba (SP), Brazil.Leonardo Pérez Faverani Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Araçatuba (SP), Brazil.


There is an error in affiliation 1 for author Rongjun Chen. The correct affiliation 1 is: Department of Surgery, Anji County Third People’s Hospital, Zhejiang China.


Unfortunately, two of the affiliations of author “A. E. Gorbalenya” were missed in original version. The affiliation is updated here.Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia”“Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands”“


There is an error in affiliation 2 for author Andrzej Długoński. The correct affiliation 2 is: Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.


In the published article, there were errors in affiliations 2 and 3. Instead of “Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany” and “Department Neurosurgery, Experimental Epilepsy Research, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,” they should be “Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany” and “Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,” respectively.The authors apologize for these errors and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


Echinotermes biriba  does not clearly define the type repositories as we only give the acronyms “CATAC” and “UF”. The holotype and paratype workers are deposited in the Colección de artrópodos terrestres de la Amazonía Colombiana of the SINCHI Institute in Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia (CATAC). Additional paratype workers are deposited in the University of Florida Termite Collection at Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Davie, Florida, United States (UF).Our recent description of  Echinotermesbiriba . Additional paratype workers are deposited in the University of Florida Termite Collection at Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Davie, Florida, United States (UF).Our recent description of sbiriba  does not


Lewer D, Jayatunga W, Aldridge R, et al. Premature mortality attributable to socioeconomic inequality in England between 2003 and 2018: an observational study. Lancet Public Health 5: e33–412020; —In the methods section of the summary in this Article, mortality rates has been changed to mortality. This correction has been made as of Jan 3, 2020.


Walch A, Loring P, Johnson R, et al. A scoping review of traditional food security in Alaska. Int J Circumpolar Health 2017;77(1): 1419678.https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2017.1419678When this article originally published online, the structure of the abstract, corresponding author details and the order of the authors were incorrect. This information has now been corrected as shown below:a, Philip Loringb, Rhonda Johnsonc, Melissa Tholld and Andrea BersamineAmanda WalchaDepartment of Biology & Wildlife, Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA;bSchool of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan;cDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA;dDepartment of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA;eCenter for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AlaskaCONTACT Andrea Bersamin abersamin@alaska.edu Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USAThe abstract has been formatted as shown below:Background: Food insecurity is a public health concern. The pillars of food security include food access, availability and utilisation. For some indigenous peoples, the pillars may focus on traditional foods.Objective: To conduct a scoping review on traditional foods and food security in Alaska.Design: Google Scholar and the High North Research Documents were used to search for relevant primary research using the following terms: “traditional foods”, “food security”, “access”, “availability”, “utilisation”, “Alaska”, “Alaska Native” and “indigenous”.Results: Twenty four articles from Google Scholar and four articles from the High North Research Documents met the inclusion criteria. The articles revealed three types of research approaches, those that quantified traditional food intake (n=18), those that quantified food security (n=2), and qualitative articles that addressed at least one pillar of food security (n=8).Conclusions: Studies that estimate the prevalence of traditional food insecurity in Alaska are virtually absent from the literature.  Instead most studies provide a review of factors related to food security. Research investigating dietary intake of traditional foods is more prevalent. Future research should include direct measurements of traditional food intake and food security to provide a more complete picture of traditional food security in Alaska.


Due to a production error the affiliation “College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China,” was incorrectly typeset as “College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.”The publisher apologizes for this mistake. The original article has been updated.


Clinical psychologist Susan M. Labott is board certified in clinical health psychology, has extensive experience directing inpatient and outpatient health psychology services, and serves as a professor of clinical psychology in the University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System. Labott’s practical and well-organized work is intended for clinical psychologists who are not experienced or familiar with providing consultation to inpatients hospitalized for other medical conditions. She explains that “psychological practice in the inpatient medical setting is different in many ways from both outpatient clinical work and inpatient work in a psychiatric unit” (p. 3).The book is organized into five main sections: I, “The Inpatient Setting and Consultation Models”; II, “The Inpatient Evaluation”; III, “Psychological Issues in the Inpatient Setting”; IV, “Special Issues in the Hospital Setting”; and V, “Ethics and Professional Issues.” Section II, “The Inpatient Evaluation,” provides practical information for preparing, interviewing, and documenting psychology consultations. Practical information includes sample admission notes, progress notes, discharge summaries, and consultation reports. Section III, “Psychological Issues in the Inpatient Setting,” covers adjustment, anxiety, depression, delirium, cognitive changes, and substance abuse. Section IV, “Special Issues in the Hospital Setting,” details issues such as decision-making abilities, noncompliance, pain, and end of life. Labott’s keen interest and expertise in ethics are evident in Section V, “Ethics and Professional Issues.” The professional issues discussed in this section include training, billing, productivity, and professional identity.Health Psychology Consultation in the Inpatient Medical Setting is suitable and recommended for any collection that focuses on clinical psychology or interprofessional consultation.The book includes two appendixes ; a twenty-seven-page list of references; and a fifteen-page index. Elizabeth Connor, MLS, MEd, AHIP, elizabeth.connor@citadel.edu, Professor of Education, The Citadel, Charleston, SC


The word “birth-related” is missing from the title. The correct title is: Association of objectively measured physical fitness during pregnancy with maternal and neonatal birth-related outcomes. The GESTAFIT Project.The following information is missing from the Funding statement: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR. The correct Funding statement is as follows: This study was part of VAA fellowship from the Andalucía Talent-Hub Program, launched by the Andalusian Knowledge Agency, co-funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program, Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions (COFUND–Grant Agreement nº291780) and the Junta de Andalucía. ICR (grant number: FPU13/01993) was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education. This study was also partially funded by the Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0395-2016). This study was supported by the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2016- Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.


In the published article, there was an error in affiliation 2. Instead of “UMR 7355 Université-CNRS INEM, Orléans, France and IDM, University of Cape Town, South Africa”, it should be “INEM UMR 7355 CNRS and University of Orleans, Orléans, France.”In addition, the wrong microscopic plates were inserted into The authors apologize for these errors and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.