The ORCID iDs are missing for the second, third, and fourth authors. Please see the authors’ respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-6011).Author Isabel Pardo-Garcia’s ORCID iD is: 0000-0003-4391-6011 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-9325).Author Elisa Amo-Saus’s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-2100-9325 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-6725).Author Francisco Escribano-Sotos’s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-2747-6725 (


The ORCID iDs are missing for the first and fifth author. Please see the authors’ respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-6061).Author Fabiano L Ribeiro’s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-2719-6061 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-0829).Author Andrea Baronchelli’s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-0255-0829. (


The correct name is: Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco. The correct citation is: Zafra-Tanaka JH, Tenorio-Mucha J, Villarreal-Zegarra D, Carrillo-Larco RM, Bernabe-Ortiz A (2020) Cancer-related mortality in Peru: Trends from 2003 to 2016. PLoS ONE 15(2): e0228867. The publisher apologizes for the error.


The internet is a large source of health information and has the capacity to influence its users. However, the information found on the internet often lacks scientific rigor, as anyone may upload content. This factor is a cause of great concern to scientific societies, governments, and users.The objective of our study was to investigate the information about the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the internet.On February 29, 2020, we performed a Google search with the terms “Prevention coronavirus,” “Prevention COVID-19,” “Prevención coronavirus,” and “Prevención COVID-19”. A univariate analysis was performed to study the association between the type of authorship, country of publication, and recommendations to avoid COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization (WHO).In total, 80 weblinks were reviewed. Most of them were produced in the United States and Spain  by digital media sources and official public health organizations . The most mentioned WHO preventive measure was “wash your hands frequently” . A less frequent recommendation was to “stay home if you feel unwell” . The analysis by type of author  revealed significant differences regarding the recommendation to wear a mask when you are healthy only if caring for a person with suspected COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 4.39). According to the country of publication (Spain versus the United States), significant differences were detected regarding some recommendations such as “wash your hands frequently” (OR 9.82), “cover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze” (OR 4.59), or “stay home if you feel unwell” (OR 0.31).It is necessary to urge and promote the use of the websites of official public health organizations when seeking information on COVID-19 preventive measures on the internet. In this way, users will be able to obtain high-quality information more frequently, and such websites may improve their accessibility and positioning, given that search engines justify the positioning of links obtained in a search based on the frequency of access to them. Internet access has increased worldwide during the past decade, reaching 79.6% of the European population and 48% of the world population in 2017 .As with previous epidemics such as Ebola or Zika infections, the internet has become a favored mechanism for the spread of misinformation ,5. This At present, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has occurred and has spread throughout China and to dozens of countries . As in oIn this context, we aimed to conduct an infodemiological study ,9 to invOn February 29, 2020, we performed a Google search and selected the first 20 links  of the GP<.05), this was quantified with the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% CI obtained from univariate logistic regression analysis. The agreement between the two reviewers regarding the adherence to the WHO basic protective measures was analyzed using the Kappa index. All analyses were performed using SPSS v20.0 (IBM Corp) and EpiInfo (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).We performed a descriptive analysis of all the variables and evaluated the association of the independent variables (type of authorship and country of publication) with the degree of adherence to the WHO basic protective measures by means of a chi-square test or Fisher exact test. When a significant association was found . In particular, 3 Spanish links indicated “maintain a distance of approximately one meter between people.” One Spanish link mentioned that “for people without respiratory symptoms a surgical mask is not required, although masks can be worn in some countries according to local cultural customs.” One link in Spain and another in the United States specified that “someone should only wear a mask if a healthcare professional recommends it.” One link in the United States mentioned, “If you're going to around a lot of sick people, like if you're visiting a friend in the hospital, a mask might be a good idea,” and one link in the United States recommended, “Stay three feet away from people when you talk to them.”Search term: Prevention coronavirushttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment-sp.htmlhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.htmlhttps://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/current-risk-assessment-novel-coronavirus-situationhttps://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-publichttps://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/infection-prevention-and-controlhttps://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2020/02/27/810016611/coronavirus-101-what-you-need-to-know-to-prepare-and-preventhttps://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/26/health/coronavirus-cdc-usa.htmlhttps://cuidateplus.marca.com/enfermedades/infecciosas/Coronavirus.htmlhttps://www.osha.gov/SLTC/covid-19/https://www.conehealth.com/services/primary-care/coronavirus-get-the-facts-on-symptoms-and-prevention-with-cynthi/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/28/health/how-to-wash-hands-coronavirus-trnd/index.htmlhttps://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/main-focus-preventing-coronavirus-spread-should-be-hand-hygiene-not-n1144346https://www.businessinsider.com/wuhan-coronavirus-face-masks-not-entirely-effective-2020-1?IR=Thttps://abc7news.com/5971803/https://www.mobihealthnews.com/news/coronavirus-prevention-may-be-your-pockethttps://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.washingtonpost.com%2fhealth%2f2020%2f02%2f26%2f how-to-prepare-for-coronavirus%2fhttps://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/26/cdc-confirms-first-possible-community-spread-coronavirus-case-in-us.htmlhttps://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/28/taiwan-who-coronavirus-china-international-organizations/https://parade.com/987803/lisamulcahy/coronavirus/https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/prevention-risks.htmlSearch term: Prevention COVID-19http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/news/news/2020/2/joint-who-and-ecdc-mission-in-italy-to-support-covid-19- control-and-prevention-effortshttps://openwho.org/courses/COVID-19-IPC-ENhttps://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/novel-coronavirus-chinahttps://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/infographic-covid-19http://bvsalud.isciii.es/covid-19/https://abc7news.com/5971803/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/02/27/editorials/covid-19-preventing-medical-system-breakdown/#.XlrmyahKg2whttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762130https://www.iata.org/contentassets/7e8b4f8a2ff24bd5a6edcf380c641201/airport-preventing-spread-of-coronavirus-disease-2019.pdfhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment-sp.htmlhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index-sp.htmlhttps://www.osha.gov/SLTC/covid-19/controlprevention.htmlhttps://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/27/coronavirus-latest-updates-outbreak.htmlhttps://www.mica.edu/campus-operating-status-updates/coronavirus/best-practices-and-preventive-measures/https://www.kuow.org/stories/new-coronavirus-cases-found-in-king-and-snohomish-countieshttps://www.euronews.com/2020/02/26/coronavirus-prevention-how-effective-are-masks-closed-borders-screenings-and-quarantineshttps://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/diseases-and-conditions/covid-19-novel-coronavirus/covid-19-novel-coronavirus-health-advice-general-publichttps://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/prevention-risks.htmlhttps://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m810https://vietnamnews.vn/society/652839/pm-pushes-for-covid-19-preventive-measures.htmlSearch term: Prevención COVID-19https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index-sp.htmlhttps://www.saludcastillayleon.es/profesionales/es/enfermedades-infecciosas/nuevo-coronavirus-covid-19/plan-especifico-prevencion-riesgos-laborales- nuevo-coronavihttps://www.alimente.elconfidencial.com/bienestar/2020-02-29/coronavirus-covid19-que-es-sintomas-contagio_2431343/https://www.saludcastillayleon.es/profesionales/es/enfermedades-infecciosas/nuevo-coronavirus-covid-19https://www.who.int/es/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/q-a-coronaviruseshttps://www.ibsalut.es/es/info-ciudadania/cuidar-la-salud/3710-preguntas-y-respuestas-sobre-el-nuevo-coronavirus-2019-n-covhttps://www.campusvirtualsp.org/es/curso/virus-respiratorios-emergentes-incluido-el-2019-ncov-metodos-de-deteccion-prevencion-respuestahttps://www.alimente.elconfidencial.com/bienestar/2020-02-29/coronavirus-covid19-que-es-sintomas-contagio_2431343/https://www.semfyc.es/como-prevenir-infecciones-por-virus-respiratorios-como-el-coronavirus-que-causa-la-enfermedad-covid-19/http://bvsalud.isciii.es/covid-19/https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov-China/documentos/20200224.Preguntas_respuestas_COVID-19.pdfhttps://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov-China/documentos/Documento_Control_Infeccion.pdfhttps://www.lasexta.com/noticias/internacional/coronavirus-covid19-que-puedes-hacer-protegerte-como-actuar_202002245e53fcca0cf2547d2a31e546.htmlhttps://www.unicef.org/es/historias/coronavirus-lo-que-los-padres-deben-saberhttps://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20200229/473828128008/coronavirus-espana-madrid-barcelona-wuhan-china-italia-covid-19-contagios- sintomas-fallecidos-ultima-hora-hoy-en-directo.htmlhttps://www.univision.com/local/philadelphia-wuvp/prevencion-del-coronavirus-que-funciona-para-evitar-la-propagacion-de-covid-19http://bvsalud.isciii.es/covid-19/https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/007768.htmhttps://sano-y-salvo.blogspot.com/2020/02/infografias-para-prevenir-la-infeccion.htmlhttps://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-51683330Search term: Prevención coronavirushttps://cuidateplus.marca.com/enfermedades/infecciosas/Coronavirus.htmlhttps://www.quironprevencion.com/es/campanas-prevencion-riesgos-laborales/coronavirus-covid-2019https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/coronavirusinfections.htmlhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment-sp.htmlhttps://www.saludcastillayleon.es/profesionales/es/enfermedades-infecciosas/nuevo-coronavirus-covid-19/plan-especifico-prevencion-riesgos-laborales- nuevo-coronavihttps://elpais.com/elpais/2020/02/25/ciencia/1582645440_172885.htmlhttps://www.elperiodico.com/es/sanidad/20200225/coronavirus-que-es-sintomas-contagio-prevencion-7814261https://vacunasaep.org/profesionales/noticias/coronavirus-desarrollo-de-vacunashttps://www.hola.com/estar-bien/20200123158838/coronavirus-sintomas-prevenir-contagio/https://www.alimente.elconfidencial.com/bienestar/2020-02-29/coronavirus-covid19-que-es-sintomas-contagio_2431343/https://www.diariocordoba.com/noticias/sociedad/que-es-coronavirus-sintomas-contagio-prevencion-virus_1351515.htmlhttps://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/ipc-mers-cov/es/https://www.intramed.net/contenidover.asp?contenidoid=95410https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-51683330https://www.semes.org/semes-divulgacion/medidas-de-prevencion-ante-la-neumonia-por-coronavirus/https://www.lavanguardia.com/seguros/empresa/20200217/473630100957/mwc-alerta-sanitaria-contagio-corona-virus-riesgos-laborales-seguros.htmlhttps://chile.gob.cl/chile/medidas-de-prevencion-ante-el-nuevo-coronavirushttps://www2.cruzroja.es/-/-como-puedes-reducir-el-riesgo-de-infeccion-del-coronavirus-https://temas.sld.cu/coronavirus/coronavirus/medidas-preventivas/https://www.lavanguardia.com/ciencia/20200225/473756254816/coronavirus-covid-19-mascarilla-prevencion.htmlUnivariate analysis by type of author  revealed statistically significant differences regarding the recommendation to wear a mask if you are healthy only if caring for a person with suspected COVID-19 OR 4.39; . The anaThis study is the first to evaluate the adherence of the information available on the internet to the WHO basic protective measures against COVID-19. It shows a level of adherence that can be improved and a difficulty in obtaining such information, since it was only available in 32.5%-81.3% of the links.The difficulty of finding WHO-promoted measures to prevent other infectious diseases on the internet has also been described previously by other authors, such as Covolo et al . The autLess than half of the weblinks provided information on the correct use of masks and, together with the fact that some of the links provided information that was ambiguous or did not adhere to the WHO guidance, may have contributed to the misuse of masks by the population and with the subsequent shortage of these devices that is occurring worldwide ,15.As with other studies that evaluated information on the internet on preventive measures for other infections , our worAccording to the analysis by country, the Spanish links provided more information on measures to prevent COVID-19 that adhered to the WHO than did the links produced in the United States. The measures to prevent COVID-19 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  are the One of the limitations of our study is intrinsic to the nature of internet, namely that information changes continuously; like others ,11,13,19In conclusion, it is necessary to urge and promote the use of the websites of official public health organizations  when seeking information on COVID-19 preventive measures on the internet. In this way, they will be able to obtain high-quality information more frequently, and such websites’ accessibility and positioning may improve, given that search engines justify the positioning of links obtained in a search based on the frequency of access to them.


Endometrial cancer (EC) is the 2nd most common gynecologic cancer worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that contribute to epigenetic regulation. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize our current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in the epigenetic deregulation of tumor-related genes in EC. It includes all miRNAs reported to be involved in EC including their roles in DNA methylation and RNA-associated silencing. This systematic review should be useful for development of novel strategies to improve diagnosis and risk assessment as well as for new treatments aimed at miRNAs, their target genes or DNA methylation.The objective of this systematic review is to summarize our current knowledge on the influence of miRNAs in the epigenetic deregulation of tumor-related genes in endometrial cancer (EC). We conducted a literature search on the role of miRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of EC applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following terms were used: microRNA, miRNA, miR, endometrial cancer, endometrium, epigenetic, epimutation, hypermethylation, lynch, deacetylase, DICER, novel biomarker, histone, chromatin. The miRNAs were classified and are presented according to their function (tumor suppressor or onco-miRNA), their targets (when known), their expression levels in EC tissue vs the normal surrounding tissue, and the degree of DNA methylation in miRNA loci and CpG sites. Data were collected from 201 articles, including 190 original articles, published between November 1, 2008 and September 30, 2020 identifying 313 different miRNAs implicated in epigenetic regulation of EC. Overall, we identified a total of 148 miRNAs with decreased expression in EC, 140 miRNAs with increased expression in EC, and 22 miRNAs with discordant expression levels. The literature implicated different epigenetic phenomena including altered miRNA expression levels , changes in the methylation of miRNA loci  and increased/decreased methylation of target genes . This work provides an overview of all miRNAs reported to be involved in epigenetic regulation in EC including DNA methylation and RNA-associated silencing. These findings may contribute to novel strategies in diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatments aimed at miRNAs, their target genes or DNA methylation. With 417,367 new cases and 97,370 deaths each year, endometrial cancer (EC) is the 2nd most common gynecologic cancer worldwide after breast cancer [Although the mechanisms underlying endometrial carcinogenesis are not fully understood, current evidence suggests that alterations of the epigenome drive both the expression of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors thereby promoting tumor initiation and progression in EC. Three epigenetic systems are currently known to modify gene expression: DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA-associated silencing ,3,4,5,6.Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small noncoding RNAs, 21–25 nucleotides in length that are involved in epigenetic mechanisms. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II  or III  as long We recently published a systematic review focusing on the use of miRNAs in the management of EC . In contThis systematic review was carried out using the following databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines :http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed; accessed on 30 September 2020), the Cochrane Library, Cochrane databases “Cochrane Reviews”, and “Clinical Trials” . MEDLINE, PubMed , and the degree of DNA methylation in miRNA loci and in CpG islands of target genes.Data were collected from 190 original articles and 11 reviews identifying a potential role for 313 different miRNAs in EC.A model of the different roles of miRNA as epigenetic modifiers in EC is shown in A summary of these data is provided in This systematic review identified 105 original articles and two literature reviews reporting the expression pattern of miRNAs ,134,135.Endometrial tumors showed the following miRNA expression levels compared with healthy endometrial tissues:-Increased miRNA expression: miR-7, miR-let-7a, miR-let-7f, miR-let-7g, miR-9, miR-9-3p, miR-10a, miR-17, miR-18a-3p, miR-19b, miR-25-5p, miR-27a, miR-30d, miR-31, miR-34a, miR-95,miR-96, miR-103, miR-106a, miR-106b, miR-106b-93-25, miR-107, miR-129-2, miR-130b, miR-135a, miR-135b, miR-141, miR-142-5p, miR-145, miR-146, miR-146b-5p, miR-150, miR-151, miR-153, miR-155, miR-181a, miR-181c-3p, miR-181c, miR-182, miR-183, miR-183-3p, miR-184, miR-185a, miR-185, miR-186, miR-191, miR-193-3p, miR-194, miR-200 family , miR-203, miR-205, miR-210, miR-215, miR-219-2, miR-221, miR-223, miR-218, miR-301, miR-325, miR-326, miR-330, miR-331, miR-331-3p, miR-337, miR-363, miR-373, miR-423, miR-425, miR-429, miR-432, miR-449, miR-449a, miR-499, miR-518d-5p, miR-520c-5p, miR-522, miR-526a, miR-616, miR-625, miR-874, miR-891a, miR-940, miR-1202, miR-1224, miR-1269, miR-5787 and miR-6749-5p-Decreased miRNA expression: miR-Let-7c, miR-1-2, miR-6, miR-10b, miR-15b, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21, miR-21-5p, miR-23a*, miR-27b-3p, miR-29c, miR-29c-3p, miR-29b, miR-30a-3p, miR-30a-5p, miR-30c, miR-31, miR-32, miR-33b, miR-34b, miR-99a, miR-99a-3p, miR-99b, miR-100, miR-101, miR-101-2, miR-107-5p, miR124, miR-126, miR-127-3p, miR-130b, miR-133, miR-133b, miR-136, miR-137, miR-139, miR-139-5p, miR-142, miR-143, miR-145, miR-144-3p, miR-146a, miR-148b, miR-149, miR-152, miR-184, miR-185, miR-185-5p, miR-193b, miR-193, miR-193a-5p-YY1-APC, miR-194, miR-195, miR-196a, miR-196a-5p, miR-197, miR-199b, miR-199b-3p, miR-199b-5p, miR-202-3p, miR-203, miR-204, miR-204-5p, miR-205-5p, miR-214, miR-214-3p, miR-216b, miR-221, miR-302a-5p, miR-328-3p, miR-320a, miR-335, miR-337-3p, miR-338-3p, miR-340-5p, miR-361, miR-367-3p, miR-368, miR-369, miR-370, miR-376a, miR-376c, miR-377, miR-377-5p, miR-381, miR-409, miR-410, miR-411, miR-424, miR-424*, miR-424-3p, miR-431, miR-432, miR-449a, miR-451, miR-455-5p, miR-483-5p, 487b, miR-495, miR-496, miR-503, miR-516, miR-516b, miR-542-3p, miR-542-5p, miR-543, miR-589-5p, miR-596, miR-610, miR-630, miR-632, miR-638, miR-646, miR-652, miR-758, miR-760, miR-874, miR-1247, miR-1296, miR-3926-1, miR-4429, miR-4461, miR-6076 and miR-6511bA summary of these data is presented in We identified nine articles ,137,138 ®, Research, Irvine, CA, USA), the EpiTect Bisulfite Kit  (a methylation sodium bisulfite kit), anti-5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibodies, methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine  and/or Trichostatin A .The following techniques were used to determine the relative methylation levels of miRNA loci: combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) using the DNA methylation kit .-miRNA-191 downregulated TET1 expression, an enzyme that is involved in the removal of methylated DNA in the loci of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and other tumor suppressor genes.This is the first systematic literature review on miRNAs in EC that focus on their roles in the control of chromatin structure and gene expression. We identified 148 miRNAs with decreased expression in EC, 140 miRNAs with increased expression in EC, and 22 miRNAs with discordant expression levels. In addition, endometrial tumors displayed six hypo-methylated and nine hyper-methylated miRNA loci in comparison to normal endometrial tissue. Finally, two miRNAs were reported to be involved in specific epigenetic phenomena: miR-30d was found to directly methylate the CpG promoter of the H19 gene while miR-191 was able to downregulate the expression of TET1, an enzyme that usually removes methylated bases in the promoter region of tumor suppressors like APC, thereby decreasing their expression .In our previous review , we inclWe previously described a role for miR-182 in the inhibition of cullin-5 which is accompanied by increased proliferation . These fWe also reported that overexpression of miR-183 is associated with a poorer prognosis for EC patients both in terms of overall survival and progression-free survival. These findings were confirmed by a recent study based on the cancer genome atlas for miRNA expression .The miR-200 family is implicated in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, at least in part through downregulation of the PTEN tumor suppressor ,142,143.In our previous study, we highlighted a potential prognostic role for miR-205. Since then, Zhao et al. have reported that miR-205 is closely related to overall survival using the Cancer Genome Atlas database that includes 164 miRNAs implicated in EC . DonkersVarious studies have focused on the involvement of miRNAs in EC ,146 but Huang et al. reported that miR-129-2 functions as a tumor suppressor through negative regulation of SOX4, an oncogene frequently overexpressed in EC . ImportaA study by Tsuruta et al. highlighted a role for miR-152. Specifically, the expression of miR-152, that plays a role as a tumor suppressor can be reduced by aberrant DNA methylation. Treatment with 5-azacytidine, a demethylation agent, is able to restore the expression of miR-152. Aberrant methylation of the promoter of miR-152 has also been reported for other cancers including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, gastrointestinal cancer and cholangiocarcinoma ,154,155.p < 0.01), and was associated with loss of miR-137 expression. Hyper-methylation of the loci coding for miR-137 has also been reported for other cancers such as squamous cell carcinoma of the neck and head [We previously demonstrated that miR-137 is hyper-methylated in human endometrial tumors and confirmed that it acts as a tumor suppressor through epigenetic silencing . Hyper-mand head ,157 and and head . The preand head ,160.miR-130a/b, miR-200b and miR-625 contain several CpG sites in their loci. The miR-130b and miR-200 family are involved in the regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway and tumor metastasis. Li et al. assessed the methylation status of these CpG islands in both endometrioid EC and normal endometrial tissue and reported that they were hypo-methylated in EC. The expression of miR-130b increased in EC cells after treatment with demethylation agents .Moreno-Moya et al. showed another epigenetic phenomenon used by miRNAs: miR-30d is overexpressed in EC where it is able to methylate the H19 locus, which is associated with reproductive and endocrine system disorders as well as epithelial cell proliferation. When the methylation is reversed, H19 is upregulated in endometrial epithelial cells . Yang etOver the last 5 years, up to 754 miRNAs  have beeThe current European pathologic classification of EC is probably not sufficiently accurate to predict recurrence risk, often leading to over- or under-treatment . Sensitide novo carcinogenesis of type II EC and the use of molecular classifiers of EC.This systematic review has some specific limitations. First, our literature search yielded only a few studies covering the degree of DNA methylation. This might be explained by the fact that the involvement of miRNA involvement in DNA methylation is a relatively new field of research that is yet to be explored. The second limitation is the general lack of research articles focusing on In this review, we provide an overview of all miRNAs reported to be involved in epigenetic regulation of EC. Further clarification with respect to which miRNA families are promoting oncogenesis, which miRNAs play a role as tumor suppressors and which miRNAs are directly involved in modification of DNA methylation constitute an exciting new area of research. Improved diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment strategies based on miRNA represents a promising area but will require future research.


In the article Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: an update, with DOI number: 10.5935/0103-507X.20190079, published in the journal Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 31(4):541-7, on page 541:Where it read:Nseir SaadRead:Saad Nseirhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-0357


P(DTC-co-BTP2) shows a high ΔT (68.4%) at 855 nm. The multichromic properties of P(DTC-co-TF2) membrane range between dark yellow, yellowish-green, gunmetal gray, and dark gray in various reduced and oxidized states. Polymer-based organic electrochromic devices are assembled using 2,2′-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers as anodic membranes, and poly-poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT-PSS) as the cathodic membrane. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS electrochromic device (ECD) displays a high transmittance change (ΔT%) (43.4%) at 627 nm as well as a rapid switching time (less than 0.6 s) from a colored to a bleached state. Moreover, P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECD shows satisfactory optical memory (the transmittance change is less than 2.9% in the colored state) and high coloration efficiency (512.6 cm2 C−1) at 627 nm.Five carbazole-containing polymeric membranes (PDTC, P(DTC- Electrochromism refers to when electroactive species undergo a reversible change in optical absorption properties during the electrochemical oxidation/reduction process, and the species are electrochromic materials ,2,3. In Tmax up to 35% at 1052 nm [T of PS-Carb/PEDOT ECD was 38% at 640 nm and the response time was 1.1 s [The most commonly used conjugated polymeric materials are polycarbazole ,13, poly 1052 nm . Oral etas 1.1 s . Polythias 1.1 s . Howeveras 1.1 s . PEDOT ias 1.1 s . Polyfuras 1.1 s .co-BTP) and P(DTC-co-BTP2)), and two 2-(2-thienyl) furan (TF)-based copolymers (P(DTC-co-TF) and P(DTC-co-TF2)) with different DTC/BTP and DTC/TF feed molar ratios are synthesized electrochemically to explore their promising applications in electrochromic products. A 3,6-di(2-thienyl)carbazole unit reveals that because two thiophenes are linked by a carbazole, the strong hole-transporting carbazole group raises the HOMO energy level of PDTC. Therefore, PDTC shows a lower onset potential of oxidation than that of polythiophene. The conjugated chain length of 2,2′-bithiophene is longer than that of thiophene. The onset oxidation potential of 2,2′-bithiophene is lower than that of thiophene. Accordingly, 2,2′-bithiophene is incorporated to the polymer backbone and electrochromic properties of 2,2′-bithiophene-based polymers are characterizated in this study. Moreover, 2-(2-thienyl)furan combines the properties of furan and thiophene, while the conjugated chain length of 2-(2-thienyl)furan is longer than those of furan and thiophene. It is interesting to explore the difference of electrochromic behaviors for 2,2′-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based polymer membranes. The electrode membranes could be useful for identifying additional transport properties to be associated to the electrochromic behavior. Furthermore, five ECDs consisted of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), or P(DTC-co-TF2) as the anodic membrane, and PEDOT-PSS as the cathodic membrane were built and their spectroelectrochemical behaviors, electrochromic switching kinetics, and redox stability were explored in detail. In the present report, a homopolymer (PDTC), two 2,2′-bithiophene (BTP)-based copolymers furan were purchased from Alfa Aesar and Sigma-Aldrich, respectively. 3,6-di(2-thienyl)carbazole (DTC) was synthesized according to previous procedures . Electro33:53:14 .co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) membranes was implemented in a 0.2 M LiClO4/acetonitrile (ACN) solution, and the feed species and feed ratio of species for anodic polymers were displayed in The electrosynthesis of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), or P(DTC-co-TF2) film as the anodic electrochromic layer and PEDOT-PSS film as the cathodic electrochromic layer. The electrodeposited areas of polymer films were 1 × 1.5 cm2. The ECDs were assembled by arranging the anodic and cathodic films to face each other, and they were separated using a PMMA/PC/LiClO4 electrolyte.Polymer ECDs were fabricated using PDTC, P of oxidation for DTC, BTP, and TF were 0.88, 1.22, and 1.19 V, respectively. DTC displayed lower Eonset than those of BTP and TF, implying the electron donating carbazole unit of DTC decreased the Eonset significantly. Moreover, Eonset of 2-(2-thienyl)furan is slightly lower than that of 2,2′-bithiophene.co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), P(DTC-co-TF2), PBTP, and PTF in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN solution between 0.0 and 1.5 V. When the number of scanning curves increases, the peak current density increases with increasing number of cycles, indicating that the electrodeposition of polymer membranes is present on ITO glasses [co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), P(DTC-co-TF2), PBTP, and PTF films were located at ca. 1.27, 1.2, 1.25, 1.23, 1.26, 1.37, and 1.31 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively. The reduction peaks of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), P(DTC-co-TF2), PBTP, and PTF were situated at ca. 0.65, 0.48, 0.52, 0.43, 0.50, 0.63, and 0.60 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively.  glasses . The oxico-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) are different to those of PDTC, PBTP, and PTF, proving the occurrence of copolymerization for P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films. The general polymerization schemes of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), and P(DTC-co-TF) are summarized in co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) electrodes are 84, 109, 88, 98, and 92 F/g, respectively.The potentials and wave shapes of redox peaks of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films at scan rates of 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mV s−1 in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN. The anodic and cathodic peaks of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) membranes displayed quasireversible- behaviors and the inset in processes of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films were not diffusionlimited- [-limited .co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN. At 0.0 and 0.2 V, PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films display definite-transition bands at ca. 400 nm. After increasing the applied voltage gradually, new charge carrier bands appeared at a long wavelength region. The charge carrier bands of PDTC were located at 550 nm and 860 nm. For the corresponding copolymers, the latter charge carrier bands of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) were situated at 875, 855, 870, and 855 nm, respectively.co-BTP) electrode are light yellow, yellowish-green, gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively, whereas P(DTC-co-BTP2) is dark yellow, khaki, gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8 V, and 1.2 V, respectively. For 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers, P(DTC-co-TF) is mustard yellow, khaki, grey, and dark grey at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively, P(DTC-co-TF2) is dark yellow, yellowish-green, gunmetal gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively. The colorimetric values, CIE chromaticity values, and charts of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) at 0.0—1.0 V are summarized in PDTC displays four types of colors from neutral to oxidation state; the color of PDTC is light yellow at 0.0 V, mustard yellow at 0.4 V, gray at 0.8 V, and dark gray at 1.2 V. The 2,2′-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers show different electrochromic properties with PDTC homopolymer. The colors of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) membranes caused by potential stepping between reduced and oxidized states. The residence time is 5 s. The ΔT of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) were 37.9% at 860 nm, 61.6% at 875 nm, 68.4% at 855 nm, 67.3% at 870 nm, and 56.1% at 855 nm, respectively furan-based copolymers (P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2)) were higher than that of PDTC in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN, inferring that copolymers containing 2,2′-bithiophene or 2-(2-thienyl)furan groups increased ΔT significantly. Moreover, the ΔT of P(DTC-co-BTP2) was higher than those reported for P(PtCz-co-BTP2) [τb) and coloring response time (τc) needed to reach 90% of the maximum transmittance change were determined to be 0.9–3.1 s for these polymers. The coloration efficiency (η) is a significant factor for effective utilization of polymers in electrochromic devices and it can be obtained using the equation below [Qd represent the change of optical density and the injected charges divided by active electrode area, respectively. As listed in η of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) were 125.8 cm2 C−1 at 860 nm, 141.5 cm2 C−1 at 875 nm, 159.4 cm2 C−1 at 855 nm, 161.6 cm2 C−1 at 870 nm, and 152.9 cm2 C−1 at 855 nm, respectively. P(DTC-co-BTP2) shows higher η than that of P(HoT-BSe-OF) [co-BTP2) shows a lower η than those of PITID-2 [ectively . The ΔT co-BTP2) , PITID-2co-BTP2) , P(HoT-Bco-BTP2) , and PI-co-BTP2)  Table 4co-BTP, Pon below : (1)η= Δ PITID-2 , PDTCZ-2 PITID-2 , and PI- PITID-2  (Table 4co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs at assorted potentials. The five ECDs showed distinct UV-Visible bands at ca. 400 nm at around −0.5 V, which could be ascribed to the UV-Visible bands of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) at low potential zone. The UV-Visible bands of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) bleached with increasing potentials, and new visible peaks appeared bit by bit at 627–630 nm. This could be assigned to the reduction of PEDOT-PSS bit by bit. The colors of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS ECD are gray, dark gray, and navy blue at −0.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, dark gray, and deep blue at −0.5, 0.6, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, gunmetal grey, and berlin blue at −0.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, iron grey, and sapphire at −0.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, gunmetal grey, and berlin blue at −0.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. The photos, L*, a*, b*, x, y, and CIE diagrams of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs at different potentials are summarized in co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs between colorless and colorful states with a residence time of 5 s. The ΔOD, ΔT, τb, and τc of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs are displayed in Tmax of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs are 34.3% at 630 nm, 38.7% at 630 nm, 41.6% at 630 nm, 43.4% at 627 nm, and 41.1% at 627 nm, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD showed the highest ΔTmax, and P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs showed higher ΔTmax than that of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS ECD. This implies that the employment of copolymers (P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2)) as the anodic layers results in a higher ΔTmax at ca. 627 nm than that of homopolymers (PDTCs). T’s comparisons of P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD with reported ECDs, showing that P(DTC-co-2BTP)/PEDOT-PSS ECD displays a higher ΔT than those reported for PETI/PEDOT [co-CPDTK)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs [TI/PEDOT , P(BCO)/TI/PEDOT , and P/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs in τb and τc of five ECDs were shorter than their corresponding anodes in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN, revealing the ECDs switched color quicker than the anodes in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN from the colored to the bleached state [The ed state .η of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs are 420.7 cm2 C−1 at 630 nm, 537.4 cm2 C−1 at 630 nm, 398.3 cm2 C−1 at 630 nm, 496.0 cm2 C−1 at 627 nm, and 512.6 cm2 C−1 at 627 nm, respectively. Among these ECDs, P(DTC-co-BTP) with a feed molar ratio of DTC/BTP = 1/1 displays the highest η. η’s comparisons of P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD with reported ECDs, while P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD shows a greater η than that reported for PETI/PEDOT ECD [co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD displays a lower η than that reported for P(DiCP-co-CPDTK)/PEDOT-PSS ECD [The EDOT ECD . However-PSS ECD .The optical memory influences of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs were monitored in the colored and bleached states by exerting the voltage for 1 sec for each 100 sec interval. co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs was carried out using CV at the first, 500th and 1000th cycles [co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs showed better cycling stability than those of P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS and P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs, displaying ECDs employed 2-(2-thienyl)furan-containing P(DTC-co-TF) (or P(DTC-co-TF2)) as anodic layer led to a better cycling stability than that of 2,2′-bithiophene-containing P(DTC-co-BTP) (or P(DTC-co-BTP2)).The long-term cycling stability measurement of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-h cycles . From thco-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2)) were prepared electrochemically. The 2,2′-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers prepared with various monomer feed ratios displayed various colorimetry, spectroelectrochemical, and electrochromic switching performances. The colors of P(DTC-co-BTP) electrode are light yellow, yellowish-green, gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively. The ΔT of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) in solutions were 61.6% at 875 nm, 68.4% at 855 nm, 67.3% at 870 nm, and 56.1% at 855 nm, respectively. Dual type polymer ECDs which consisted of 2,2′-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based anodically coloring membranes and a PEDOT-PSS cathodically coloring membrane were made. The transmittance changes of ECDs’ optical memory test in the colored and bleached states were less than 4.3% and 0.4%, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD displays the highest ΔT (43.4% at 627 nm), whereas P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS ECD shows the highest η (537.4 cm2 C−1 at 630 nm). In view of the aforementioned performances, 2,2′-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based electrochromic membranes are suitable to apply in electrochromic goggles, e-skins, textiles, and wearable display devices.A series of ECDs’ anodic materials (PDTC, P(DTC-


Correction to: BMC Complement Med Ther 20, 7 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2785-0Following publication of the original article , the autSha-Sha Wang, Shao-Yan Zhou, Xiao-Yan Xie, Ling Zhao, Yao Fu, Guang-Zhi Cai and Ji-Yu Gong*


Correction to: Translational Neurodegeneration (2018) 7:30https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-018-0135-7The original version of this article  refers tThe GM604 (Alirinetide) synthetic linear peptide sequence (H-Phe-Ser-Arg-Tyr-Ala-Arg-OH) evaluated in our study  was dete