ℛr, ℛc} > 1, the effects of parameters on the basic reproduction numbers, and the effect of parameter on the infectious groups. Finally, the stakeholders must focus on minimizing the transmission rates and increasing the recovery (removed) rate for both racism and corruption action which can be considered prevention and controlling strategies.Racism and corruption are mind infections which affect almost all public and governmental sectors. However, we cannot find enough published literatures on mathematical model analyses of racism and corruption coexistence. In this study, we have contemplated the dynamics of racism and corruption coexistence in communities, using deterministic compartmental model to analyze and suggest proper control strategies to stakeholders. We used qualitative and comprehensive mathematical methods and analyzed both the racism model in the absence of corruption and the corruption model in the absence of racism. We have computed basic reproduction numbers by applying the next generation matrix method. The developed model has a disease-free equilibrium point that is locally asymptotically stable whenever the reproduction number is less than one. Additionally, we have done sensitivity analysis to observe the effect of the parameters on the incidence and transmission of the mind infections that deduce the transmission rates of both the racism and corruption are highly sensitive. The numerical simulation we have simulated showed that the endemic equilibrium point of racism and corruption coexistence model is locally asymptotically stable when max{  Three decades ago, David Mason, a sociologist, who defined the term “institutional racism” would remain a political catchphrase devoid of analytical rigor . Marx anCorruption is an unpleasant act for communities in general; however, it does not trouble and upset everyone on an equal level. Although corruption is harmful to society as a whole, it frequently has a greater negative impact on existing marginalized groups and is primarily practiced in developing nations –17. The Today in our globe, ethnic and racial diversity is increasing rapidly , 33. ThoOne of the phenomena that can be presented by the mathematical model is the impact and expansion of racism-corruption coexistence among the communities. In this study, we have reviewed a literature done by other scholars to examine the spread and transmission of racism and corruption single existence as infectious diseases with a mathematical modelling approach as stated in , 39–45, N into seven distinct classes. These classes are those individuals who are susceptible to corruption or racism  S (t), those who are corrupted  C(t), those who stopped corruption R1(t), those who are racist  R(t), those who stopped racism  R2(t), and those who are both corrupted and racist C1(t) and those who stopped both corruption and racism at the same time R3(t).We have assumed that all the parameters used in this mode are nonnegative. The recruitment rate entering into the susceptible class is from birth and immigration. Moreover, we have considered that the susceptible individuals are equally likely to be corrupt and/or racialist and the corrupt and/or racialist individual compels susceptible individuals into corruption and/or racism practice(s) as they effectively interact. Upon being recovered, individuals become either susceptible or honest from the act of corruption and/or racism. Using the above basic assumptions and descriptions, we have divided the total population ω1 ≥ 1  is the modification parameter that increases infectivity and  β is the corruption transmission rate. Moreover, we have used the racism mass action incidence rate given byω2 ≥ 1 is the modification parameters that increase infectivity and  α is the racism transmission rate.The susceptible individuals become corrupted with standard incidence rate given byUsing the model assumptions and descriptions stated above, the flow chart of the racism and corruption dynamics is given byUsing Before we analyze the racism-corruption coexistence model , we needC = C1 = , R1 = R3 = 0, so that we do have the dynamical systemWe have derived the mathematical model of racism in the absence of corruption from the full racism and corruption coexistence model by making  S(t),  R(t), and  R2(t) of the racism dynamical system (t > 0.The solutions  l system  are nonnτ = sup{t > 0 : S (t) > 0, R(t) > 0 and R2(t) > 0}.Let us define  S(t),  R(t), and R2(t) are continuous so that we can say τ > 0. If τ = +∞, then positivity holds. Nevertheless, if  0 < τ < +∞, then S(t) = 0 or (t) = 0 R2(t) = 0.Since all, dS/dt = Λ + θ2R2 − (λR + μ)S. Then, after applying the integrating factor method with some mathematical calculations, we have obtained S(τ) = gS(0) + g∫0τexpλR + μ)dt∫((πλ + θ2R2)dt > 0, where  g = expμτ + ∫0τ(λR + μ))− > 0, R2(t) > 0. Moreover using the definition of  τ, the solution  S(τ) > 0 so that S(τ) ≠ 0. Using the same procedure all, the solutions of the dynamical system are nonnegative.From the first equation of the racism model, we do have R = 0 which gives following result. Er0 =  = .Racism-free equilibrium point of the racism model in the absences of corruption is obtained by making the right-hand side of equation is equal to zero providing that the racist class is equal to zero as The reproduction number is the average number of people that become racist because of the entry of one racial person into a completely susceptible population in the absence of intervention. Moreover, reproduction number utilizes to determining the effect of the control measures and to understand the capability of the corruption to disseminate in the entire community when the control strategies are applied .ℛr which is manipulated by Van den Driesch, Pauline, and James Warmouth next-generation matrix approach [FV−1 = [∂ℱi( ErO)/∂xj][∂νi( ErO)/∂xj]−1, where  ℱi  is the rate of appearance of new infection in compartment  i , νi  is the transfer of infections from one compartment i  to another, and Er0 is the disease-free equilibrium point  ErO =  = The reproduction number of racism in the absence of corruption model denoted by  approach  is the lℱi(x) and the transition matrix 𝒱i(x) are given byThe general transmission matrix  Then, we have obtainedFV−1 are {0, αΛ/((γ2 + μ)μ)}.Thus the eigenvalues of The reproduction number of racism in the absence of corruption model is given byEr0 =  =  of the system (4) is locally asymptotically stable if the reproduction number  ℛr < 1, and it is unstable if ℛr > 1.The racism-free equilibrium point J( Er0) of the model  (4) given byThe Jacobean matrix at racism-free equilibrium point is λ1 = −μ, λ2 = α(Λ/μ) − (γ2 + μ), and λ3 = −(θ2 + μ). But λ2 = α(Λ/μ) − (γ2 + μ) can have the form λ2 = (αΛ/μ)((αΛ/(μ(γ2 + μ))) − 1) = (αΛ/μ)(ℛr − 1). Moreover, λ2 = (αΛ/μ)(ℛr − 1) < 0 if and only if ℛr < 1; hence, all the eigenvalues are negative which implies the racism-free equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable if and only if ℛr < 1; otherwise, it is unstable.By using Software Wolfram Mathematica, we have the eigenvalues  ℛr < 1.The racism-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if To prove the global asymptotic stability (GAS) of the racism-free equilibrium point, we have used the method of Lyapunov functions.l1 such that; l1 = aR, where a = μ/αΛ. We defined a Lyapunov function λR = αR  and N = S + R + R1 = λ/μ. But we do have dl1/dt = 0 if R = 0  or R = 1. From this fact, we do have  is the only singleton set in { ∈ Ω1 : dl1/dt = 0}. Therefore, by the principle of LaSalle (1976), the racism-free equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable if ℛr < 1.Moreover, R ≠ 0. Suppose the endemic equilibrium point of the model is denoted by Er∗ = .It is mandatory to be sure about number of endemic equilibrium of the model before investigating the global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium point (DFE). The endemic equilibrium point of the dynamical system of  is solveλR(t) = α(R(t)), and we have derived the following:The corresponding force of infection is λR = 0 or (λR + μ)(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ) − θ2γ2λR = αΛ(θ2 + μ) after simplification and rearrangement of the terms; we have λR = 0 or λR = (γ2 + μ)(θ2 + μ)/(γ2 + θ2 + μ)((αΛ/(μ(γ2 + μ))) − 1). ⇒Er∗ =  exist when  ℛr > 1 whereTherefore, there is unique endemic equilibrium point for the racism model in the absence of corruption given by ℛr > 1.The racism model in the absence of corruption has a unique endemic equilibrium point whenever  Er∗ =   is locally asymptotically stable if the  ℛr > 1, otherwise unstable. To deduce the local stability of the endemic equilibrium point, we use the method of Jacobian matrix and Routh Hurwitz stability criteria. The corresponding Jacobian matrix of the dynamical system at the endemic equilibrium point Er∗ =  isThe endemic equilibrium point  A = –(((αΛλR(θ2 + μ))/((λR + μ)(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ) − θ2γ2λR)) + μ), B = −((αΛ(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ))/((λR + μ)(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ) − θ2γ2λR)), C = (αΛλR(θ2 + μ))/((λR + μ)(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ) − θ2γ2λR), D = ((αΛ(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ))/((λR + μ)(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ) − θ2γ2λR)) − (γ2 + μ), E = γ2, and F = −(θ2 + μ). a0 = 1, a1 = −(A + D + F), a2 = (AF + DF − BC + AD), and a3 = (ADF + ECθ2 − BCF).Then, the characteristic equation of the above Jacobian matrix is given bya0 = 1 > 0 and a1 = (−θ2γ2λR/((λR + μ)(θ2 + μ)(γ2 + μ) − θ2γ2λR))(1 − (αΛ/((γ2 + μ)μ))). But  ℛr > 1. Now, we can determine the local stability of endemic equilibrium point by applying the Routh-Hurwitz criteria on a0λ3 + a1λ2 + a2λ + a3 = 0. Following the same algebraic manipulation, all the coefficients of the characteristic's polynomial are positives whenever  b1 > 0 if  ℛr > 1.⇒In the same procedure,c1 > 0 if  ℛr > 1.⇒ℛr > 1.We have observed that the first column of the Routh-Hurwitz array has no sign change; thus, the endemic equilibrium point of the dynamical system is locally asymptotically stable for R = R2 = C1 = 0 so that we do have the dynamical system. The mathematical model of corruption in the absence of racism is obtained from the full racism and corruption coexistence model  by makinS(t),  C(t), and  R1(t) of the dynamical system of corruption model (t > 0.The solutions  on model  are nonnτ = sup{t > 0 : S (t) > 0, C(t) > 0, and R1(t) > 0}.Let us define S(t),  C(t), and R1(t) are continuous so that we can say τ > 0. If τ = +∞, then positivity holds. Nevertheless, if  0 < τ < +∞, then  S(t) = 0 or (t) = 0 and R1(t) = 0.Since all, dS/dt = Λ + θ1R1 − (λC + μ)S.From the first equation of the racism model, we do have S(τ) = fS(0) + f∫0τexpλc + μ)dt∫((Λ + θ1R1)dt > 0, where  f = expμτ + ∫0τ(λc + μ))− > 0, R1(t) > 0. Moreover, using the definition of  τ, the solution  S(τ) > 0 so that S(τ) ≠ 0. Using the same procedure, all the solutions of the dynamical system are nonnegative.Then, applying the integrating factor method with some mathematical calculations, we have obtained C = 0 which gives result  EcO =  = .Corruption-free equilibrium point of the corruption model in the absences of racism is obtained by making the right-hand side of equation equal to zero providing that the corrupted class is equal to zero as ℛc which is manipulated by next-generation matrix approach [FV−1 = [(∂ℱi( EcO))/∂xj][(∂νi( EcO))/∂xj]−1, where  ℱi  is the rate of appearance of new infection in compartment  i , νi  is the transfer of infections from one compartment i  to another where 1 ≤ i, j ≤ m, m is the number of infected compartments, and Ec0 is the disease-free equilibrium point EO =  = .The reproduction number of corruption in the absence of racism model denoted by  approach  is the lℱi(x) and the transmission matrix  𝒱i(x) are given byThe general transition matrix  Then, we have obtainedFV−1  are {0, β/(γ1 + μ)}.Thus, the eigenvalues of ℛC = β/(γ1 + μ).Therefore, the reproduction number of the corruption model in the absence of racism is given by  ECO =  =  of the system  of the model , and λ3 = (θ1 + μ).Using Software Wolfram Mathematica, we have obtained the eigenvalues  λ2 = β − (γ1 + μ) can have the form  λ2 = (γ2 + μ)((β/(γ2 + μ)) − 1) = (γ2 + μ)(ℛc − 1). Moreover, λ2 = (γ2 + μ)(ℛc − 1) < 0 if and only if ℛc < 1; hence, all the eigenvalues are negative which implies the disease-free equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable if and only if ℛc < 1; otherwise, it is unstable.But ℛc < 1.The corruption-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if To prove the global asymptotic stability (GAS) of the corruption-free equilibrium point, we have used the method of Lyapunov functions.l3 such that l3 = bC  where b = μ/Λ, ⇒dl3/dt = (λCμS/Λ) − C.We defined a Lyapunov function λC = βC/N and N = S + C + R2 = λ/μ , ⇒dl2/dt ≤ [ ℛr − 1]C, and thus (dl2/dt) < 0  if  ℛc < 1.But we do have dl2/dt = 0 if C = 0  or  ℛc = 1. From this fact, we do have  is the only singleton set in { ∈ Ω : dl2/dt = 0}. Therefore, by the principle of LaSalle (1976), racism-free equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable if ℛC < 1.Moreover, C ≠ 0. Suppose the endemic equilibrium point of the model is denoted by EC∗ = . The corresponding force of infection is λC(t) = (β/N)(C(t)), and we have derived the following. It is crucial to be sure about the number of endemic equilibrium of the model before investigating the global asymptotic stability of the DFE. The endemic equilibrium point of the dynamical system of  is solveAfter some algebraic simplification and rearrangement of the terms, we haveEc∗ = , whereTherefore, there is unique endemic equilibrium point for corruption model in the absence of racism given by Ec∗ =   is locally asymptotically stable if the  ℛC > 1, otherwise unstable.The endemic equilibrium point  See the Appendix.Ω = { ∈ ℝ+7, N ≤ (Λ/μ)}.The mathematical modeling is the representation of real world phenomena that can be demonstrated by dealing with different quantitative and qualitative attributes. In this newly extended model, we have represented human populations, which cannot be negative. Therefore, we need to show that all the state variables in our model are always nonnegative as well as the solutions of the dynamical system remains positive with positive initial conditions in the bounded region given by S(t),  C(t), R(t), C1(t), R1(t), R2(t), and R3(t) of the racism and corruption coexistence model (t > 0.The solutions  ce model  are nonnτ = sup{t > 0 : S (t) > 0, C(t) > 0, R(t) > 0, C1(t) > 0, R1(t) > 0, R2(t) > 0, and R3(t) > 0}.By defining, S(t),  C(t), R(t), C1(t), R1(t), R2(t), and R3(t) are continuous so that we can deduce that  τ > 0. If τ = +∞, then positivity holds. However, if  0 < τ < +∞, then  S(t) = 0 or  C(t) = 0 or R(t) = 0 or C1(t) = 0  or  R1(t) = 0 or  R2(t) = 0 or R3(t) = 0.All dS/dt = Λ + θ2R2 + θ3R3 + θ1R1 − (λR + λC + μ)S, and applying the integrating factor method and after some calculations, we have obtained S(τ) = hS(0) + h∫0τexpλR + λC + μ))dt∫((Λ + θ2R2 + θ3R3 + θ1R1)dt > 0, where  h = expμτ + ∫0τ(λR + λC + μ))− > 0,  R2(t) > 0,  R3(t) > 0  and  R1 > 0. Finally, using the definition of  τ, the solution  S(τ) > 0 so that S(τ) ≠ 0.From the first equation of the racism and corruption coexistence model, we do have Following the same procedure all the solutions of the dynamical system are nonnegative.+7.The region dN/dt) ≤ Λ − μN. By incorporating standard comparison theorem, we have obtained ∫(dN/(Λ − μN)) ≤ ∫dt and integrating both sides gives −1/μln(Λ − μN) ≤ t + c, where c is some constant, and after some mathematical calculations and simplifications, we have obtained 0 ≤ N (t) ≤ (Λ/μ). This result implies all the possible solutions of the given dynamical system with positive initial conditions are bounded.Since all the state variables are nonnegative in the absence of infections, we have obtained   = .The racism and corruption-free equilibrium point of the model is obtained by making the right-hand side of the system  is equalℛcr the Van den Driesch, Pauline, and James Warmouth next-generation matrix approach [FV−1 = [∂ℱi(EO)/∂xj][∂νi(EO)/∂xj]−1, where  ℱi  is the rate of appearance of new infection in compartment  i , νi  is the transfer of infections from one compartment i  to another where 1 ≤ i, j ≤ m, m is the number of infected compartments, and Ech0 is the disease-free equilibrium point EO =  = .The reproduction number of racism and corruption coexistence model denoted by  approach  is the lℱi(x) and the transition matrix  𝒱i(x) are given byThe general transmission matrix  Then, after some calculations, we have obtainedA = (γ1 + μ), B = −σ1, C = (γ2 + μ), D = −σ2, and E = (σ2 + γ3 + σ1 + μ).where  FV−1  are {0, αΛ/(γ2 + μ)μ, β/(γ1 + μ)}. Thus, the reproduction number of racism and corruption coexistence denoted by  ℛrc and is max {Λα/(γ2 + μ)μ, β/(γ1 + μ)}.The eigenvalues of ℛrc = max{ ℛr, ℛc} = max{Λα/(γ2 + μ)μ, β/(γ1 + μ)}.That means  EO =  =  of the model is locally asymptotically stable if the reproduction number  ℛrc < 1, and it is unstable if ℛrc > 1.The racism and corruption free equilibrium point J(X ) of the model (The Jacobean matrix  he model  is givenJ(EO) as λ1 = −μ, λ2 = β–(γ1 + μ), λ3 = α(πλ/μ) − (γ2 + μ), λ4 = −(σ2 + γ3 + σ1 + μ), λ5 = −(θ1 + μ),  λ6 = −(θ2 + μ), λ7 = −(θ3 + μ).Using Wolfram Mathematica, we have obtained the eigenvalues of λ2 and λ3  can be rewritten as follows: λ2 = β–(γ1 + μ) = (γ1 + μ)((β/(γ1 + μ)) − 1) and λ3 = α(Λ/μ) − (γ2 + μ) = (γ2 + μ)((Λα/(γ2 + μ)μ) − 1).But ℛrc < 1. Therefore, the racism and corruption coexistence free equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable if and only if ℛrc < 1; otherwise, it is unstable.Hence, all the eigenvalues are negative if  E∗ =  which occurs when the mind infection persist in the community, and we computed by making the right hand side of the model as zero and obtained asThe racism-corruption coexistence endemic equilibrium point of the full model  is denotℛc < 1  and ℛr < 1, respectively, implying that there is no endemic equilibrium point if ℛrc < 1 for the coexistence model , if  ℛr > 1 is the corruption-free (racism persistence) equilibrium point. The analysis of the equilibrium E1∗ is similar to the endemic equilibrium Er∗ in the model , if ℛc > 1 is the racism-free (corruption persistence) equilibrium point. The analysis of the equilibrium E2∗ is similar to the endemic equilibrium Ec∗ in equations  is the racism-corruption coexistence persistence equilibrium pointThe summary of the racism-corruption mind infection persistence equilibrium points: The explicit computation of the mind infection persistence equilibrium point of the coinfection model  in termsS = x1, C = x2, R = x3, C1 = x4, and R1 = x5, R2 = x6, and R3 = x7 such that  N = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6 + x7. Furthermore, by using vector notation  X = T, the Racism-Corruption coexistence model (dX/dt = F(X) with F = T, as follows:In this section, we apply the center manifold theory given by λR = α(x3 + ω2x4) and λC = (β/N)(x2 + ω1x4).with ECR0, denoted by J(ECR0), and this gives usThen, the method entails evaluating the Jacobian of the system  at the DℛCR = 1, and suppose that β = β∗ is chosen as a bifurcation parameter.Consider ℛCR = 1 as  ℛCR = β/(γ1 + μ) = 1 and solving for β, we have obtained β = β∗ = γ1 + μ. From Jβ∗ as λ1 = −μ, λ2 = 0 or λ3 = αx10 − (γ2 + μ) = αΛ/μ − (γ2 + μ) = (γ2 + μ)[(αΛ/μ(γ2 + μ)) − 1] = (γ2 + μ)[ ℛR − 1] < 0  if  ℛR < 1  or λ4 = −(σ2 + γ3 + σ1 + μ) or λ5 = −(θ1 + μ) or λ6 = −(θ2 + μ), and λ7 = −(θ3 + μ).After some steps of the calculation, we have obtained the eigenvalues of J(ECR0) of equation  has right eigenvectors associated with the zero eigenvalue given by u = T asM1 = −β∗ω1 − αω2x10, M2 = αx10 − (γ2 + μ), and M3 = −(σ2 + γ3 + σ1 + μ).In eigenvectors of  e system  at β = βThen solving equation  the righβ = β∗ given by v = T asSimilarly, the left eigenvector associated with the zero eigenvalues at Then, solving equation  the lefta and b are obtained asAfter some steps of calculations, the bifurcation coefficients a is negative.Thus, the coefficient  Moreover,u2 > 0 and v2 > 0 then a < 0 and b > 0, the Racism-Corruption coexistence model  = (∂ℛrc/∂ε)∗(ε/ℛrc)  as stated in literatures [The normalized forward sensitivity index of a variable racism and corruption coexistence model  basic reeratures –50.ℛr  and ℛc  since ℛrc = max{ℛr, ℛc}.The sensitivity indices enable us to examine the relative importance of different parameters in racism and corruption incidence and prevalence. The most sensitive parameter has the magnitude of the sensitivity index larger than that of all other parameters. We can calculate the sensitivity index in terms of Using the parameter values given in ℜr manipulated with parameters values from ℛr = 3.51  at the racism transmission rate  α = 1.37, which imply that racism spreads throughout the community. Moreover, sensitivity analysis given in Λ and racism transmission rate α are highly affecting the racism reproduction number ℜr.ℛc = 6.03 at the corruption expansion rate  β = 1.51, which imply that corruption spreads throughout the community. Moreover, sensitivity analysis given in Λ and corruption transmission rate  β are highly affecting the racism reproduction number ℛc.Here, with the given parameter values in In this subsection, sensitivity analysis of the racism and corruption coexistence transmission dynamics is performed to identify the most influential parameters for the spread as well as for the control of coexistence mind infection transmission in the community. The results of sensitivity analysis based on the set of parameters values given in In this section, numerical simulation has been performed with MATAB ode45 code to analyze the effect of some parameters that causes for conducting this illegal activity. Most specifically, we investigated the stability of the endemic equilibrium point of the main coexistence model , parametℛrc = max{ℛr, ℛc} = max{3.51, 6.03} = 6.03 > 1. The numerical simulation justified that the physical phenomenon that can be stated as the expansion and spreading of racism-corruption coexistence activity is consistently occurred throughout the considered community in the study.γ2 on the racism reproduction number  ℛr. The plot demonstrates that when the value of  γ2 increases, the racism reproduction number is going down, and whenever the value of γ2 > 0.059 implies that  ℛr < 1. In other words, it mean as the power of treatment rate increases the number of racial individual will decrease. Therefore, the stakeholder shall concentrate on maximizing the value of racism recovery rate γ2  by applying possible interventions strategies to prevent and control the problem of racism.γ1 and corruption reproduction  ℛc. The plot shows that that when the value of corruption recovery rate  γ1 increases, the corruption reproduction number decreases, and whenever the value of γ1 > 0.508 implies that  ℛc < 1. This means that as the power treatment rate increases, the number of corrupted individual decreases. Moreover, the result tells us the stakeholder shall concentrate on maximizing the values of γ1  to prevent and control the expansion of racism in the community under consideration.β on the corruption reproduction number  ℛc. The displayed simulation states that when the value of  β  increases, the corruption reproduction number is going up and the value of β < 0.17  implies that ℛC < 1. Therefore, the stakeholders are expected to minimizing the values of corruption transmission rate β to control corruption expansion in the community.ℛr. The plot demonstrates that whenever the value of  α  increases, the racism reproduction number increases, and the value of α < 0.322  implies that ℛr < 1. Therefore, the stakeholders are expected to minimizing the values of racism transmission rate  α  to control the racism expansion in the community.In γ3  increases from 0.54 to 0.73 the number of racism-corruption co-occurrence in the community decreases. The figure deduces that when the values of γ3 increases, the number of individual conduction both racism and corruption among population is going down. This means as the power of treatment increases the racial and corrupted coexistence class in the model become decreases. Therefore, the stakeholders shall expect to maximize the values of parameter  γ3 to control the expansion of the racism-corruption coexistence in the community.In In ℛr = 3.51 at α = 1.37 and ℛc = 6.03 at  β = 1.51, i.e.,  ℛcr = max{ ℛr, ℛc} = max{3.51,6.03} = 6.03. Using numerical simulation, we have verified the qualitative result that the endemic equilibrium point of the racism and corruption coexistence model is locally asymptotically stable when ℛcr = max{ ℛr, ℛc} = max{3.51,6.03} = 6.03 > 1. Also numerical simulation results showed that whenever the racism transmission rate increases the racism mind infection transmission increases, the corruption transmission rate increases, the corruption mind infection transmission increases, the racism recovery rate increases, the racism mind infection transmission decreases, the corruption recovery rate increases, and the corruption mind infection transmission decreases.Nowadays, racism and corruption coexistence is a major problem affecting nations throughout the world, but literatures on prevention and controlling its expansion through the community were rare. In this work, we have developed a first new nonlinear compartmental deterministic mathematical model on the transmission dynamics of racism and corruption coexistence expansion. The developed model has disease-free equilibrium points that are both locally asymptotically and globally asymptotically stable whenever their corresponding basic reproduction number is less than one. All the model mind infection endemic equilibrium points were both locally asymptotically and globally-asymptotically stable whenever their corresponding reproduction number is less than unity. The model did not have the phenomenon of backward bifurcation. The sensitivity analysis of the model showed us the racism transmission and corruption transmission rates are the most sensitive parameters which have a direct effect on the racism and corruption coexistence mind infection transmission in the community. Also the racism recovery rate and corruption recovery rate have high indirect impact on the basic reproduction numbers of the racism model and corruption model, respectively. Using the parameter values given in ℛr and  ℛc, we shall give future directions for the stakeholders in the community. The results we have obtained have a crucial role for stakeholders, as it governs the eradication and/or persistence of racism, corruption, and racism-corruption coexistence which are illegal activities in a community. Stakeholders shall concentrate on decreasing the racism transmission rate, the corruption transmission rate, and increasing or maximizing the values of racism and corruption recovery rates that are used to minimize and possibly to eradicate the problem from the community.Moreover, based on the impact of some changes of parameters on the corresponding reproduction number  Finally, we recommend the governments of nations to introduce, apply and ensure anticorruption and antidiscriminatory laws, and take the bold measures to beak the interconnection of corruption and racism. We want to remark the whole community stay unite to identify common problems and committed to research and advocacy from societies. The international institutions shall be collaborated for better understanding of these two interlinked problems and set up monitoring and investigation bodies. In the limitations of this study, the next potential researchers can incorporate them and extend this study: optimal control approach, stochastic approach, fractional order derivative approach, environmental impacts, age, and spatial structure, whenever possible validating the model by applying appropriate real data.


G. efibulatus belonging to sect. Androsacei, G. iodes and G. sinopolyphyllus belonging to sect. Impudicae and G. strigosipes belonging to sect. Levipedes are proposed as new to science. The detailed descriptions, colour photos of basidiomata and line-drawings of microscopic structures are provided. The comparisons with closely related species and a key to known species of Gymnopus s. str. reported with morpho-molecular evidence in China is also given.Nine collections of gymnopoid fungi were studied based on morpho-molecular characteristics. The macromorphology was made according to the photograph of fresh basidiomata and field notes, while the micromorphology was examined via an optical microscope. Simultaneously, the phylogenetic analyses were performed by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods based on a combined dataset of nrITS1-nr5.8S-nrITS2-nrLSU sequences. Integrated analysis of these results was therefore,  Gymnopus (Pers.) Roussel is a group of white-spored macrofungi with collybioid, rarely tricholomatoid, marasmioid or omphalinoid habit and distributed worldwide  7–9 × (3.5–)4–4.5(5.5–) µm 1.63–2.05(–2.27), Q = 1.85), ellipsoid to oblong, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidia [n = 20] 19.5–32 × 6–8 µm, clavate, 4-spored. Basidioles: [n = 20] 20.5–28 × 4.5–8 µm, clavate. Cheilocystidia [n = 22] 12–40.5 × 5–15 µm, narrowly clavate to broadly clavate, often with more or less finger-like apical projections, sometimes lobed or forming Siccus-type broom cells, thin-walled, hyaline. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis: an entangled, repent cutis of cylindrical, thin-walled, sometimes coarsely incrusted, otherwise smooth hyphae, terminal cells, diverticulate, lobed to irregularly branched, almost coralloid, mixed with some subglobose cells, slightly brownish in KOH. Stipitipellis: a cutis composed of cylindrical hyphae, parallelly arranged, often smooth, sometimes with scattered diverticula, sometimes dextrinoid, otherwise inamyloid, slightly thick-walled, hyaline. Caulocystidia: absent. Clamp connections: absent.Additional specimen examined: China, Chongqing City, Gold Buddha Mountain National Scenic Area, 29°1′43″ N, 107°11′1″ E, elev. 2098 m, on dead broadleaves, 11 August 2020, J.P. Li, Z.Z. Cen, Q.Y. Lin, M. Wang, HGASMF01-11995.G. efibulatus is strongly reminiscent of G. pallipes J.P. Li and Chun Y. Deng and G. cremeostipitatus Antonín, Ryoo and Ka in the field. However, both G. pallipes from China and G. cremeostipitatus from South Korea, with smaller basidiospores  and the latter one with a pubescent stipe and scattered-to-frequent caulocystidia helps distinguish them from the new species  and the clamped structures  5.5–7.5(–8.5) × 3–4(–4.5) µm 1.73–2.30(–2.36), Q = 1.99), oblong, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidia [n = 20] 18.5–29 × 4.5–6 µm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidioles [n = 20] 21–28 × 5–7.5 µm, hyaline, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia [n = 30] 13.5–35.5 × 3–6.5 µm, cylindrical or narrowly clavate, irregular, sometimes with forked, rostrate or one irregular filiform apical projection(s), thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a cutis consisting of interwoven arranged, cylindrical, sometimes slightly incrusted, otherwise smooth hyphae, terminal cells cylindrical to subclavate, irregular to lobate, sometimes with lateral diverticula or projections, turn green in KOH. Stipitipellis a cutis composed of cylindrical hyphae, parallelly arranged, hyaline, thin-walled. Caulocystidia [n = 20] 25.5–75 × 5–9 µm, cylindrical, sometimes with scattered irregular lobate, obtuse apical projections. Clamp connections present.Additional specimens examined: China, Guizhou Province, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Liping Country, Deshun village, 26°13′36″ N, 109°19′44″ E, elev. 842.4 m, on dead broadleaves, 28 August 2020, J.P. Li, D.F. Wei, M. Wang, HGASMF01-10069; Hunan Province, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yongshun County, Xiaoxi Town, Xiaoxi Village, 28°48′20″ N, 110°15′27″ E, elev. 512 m, on dead broadleaves, 22 July 2021, L.N. Liu, HMJAU 60388.G. iodes resembles G. iocephalus (Berk. and M.A. Curtis) Halling, G. similis Antonín, R. Ryoo and K.H. Ka and G. variicolor Antonín, Ryoo, Ka and Tomšovský by having a striate pileus, an unpleasant odour and similar-sized basidiospores, which agree to their phylogenetic relationship. However, G. iocephalus from the USA, differs by the pileipellis hyphae turning blue in KOH and the hymenium lacking cheilocystidia  (4.5–)5–7 × (2.5–)3–4 µm 1.58–2.13(–2.3), Q = 1.85), ellipsoid to oblong, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidia: [n = 30] 20–29.5 × 5–7.5 µm, clavate, 4-spored. Basidioles: [n = 20] 18.5–28 × 5.5–7 µm, clavate. Cheilocystidia: [n = 30] 13–43 × 2.5–8.5 µm, narrowly to irregular clavate, smooth, or with one or more projections or irregular and branched outgrowth at the apex, hyaline, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia: absent. Pileipellis: a cutis consisting of interwoven, cylindrical hyphae, branched, smooth, often with oily contents, sometimes with scattered diverticula, terminal cells cylindrical, sometimes irregularly branched, coralloid at the apex. Stipitipellis: a cutis consisting of interwoven, cylindrical hyphae, smooth or with scattered diverticula, thin-walled. Caulocystidia: [n = 21] 24–62.5 × 3–5.5 µm, cylindrical, often tapering towards the apex. Clamp connections: present.Additional specimens examined: China, Jilin Province, Baishan City, Linjiang City, near Tieshigou Ravine, 41°56′49″ N, 126°44′40″ E, elev. 966 m, on dead broadleaves, 20 July 2021, J.P. Li, N.G. Pan, X. Wang, HMJAU 60387.G. atlanticus V. Coimbra and Wartchow, G. densilamellatus Antonín, Ryoo and Ka, G. hariolorum (Bull.) Antonín, Halling and Noordel., G. polyphyllus (Peck) Halling, and G. virescens A.W. Wilson, Desjardin and E. Horak are similar to the new species. However, G. atlanticus from Brazil, differs by having a sulcate pileus margin, less lamellulae tiers (l = 3) and smaller basidiospores (7.5 × 3.6 µm)  (5.5–)6–7(–7.5) × 3–3.5(–4) µm 1.72–2.16(–2.2), Q = 1.94), oblong, hyaline, thin-walled. Basidia [n = 20] 18–31 × 4.5–6.5 µm, clavate, 4-spored. Basidioles: [n = 20] 20–32 × 4.5–6.5 µm, clavate. Cheilocystidia: [n = 50] 13–38.5 × 3.5–13 µm, clavate to narrowly clavate, subfusoid, irregular, lobed, sometimes with filiform apical projection, hyaline, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia: absent. Pileipellis: a cutis consisting of interwoven, cylindrical hyphae, smooth, terminal cells lobed, irregular branched, coralloid, forming a Dryophila-structure. Stipitipellis: a cutis composed of cylindrical hyphae, parallelly arranged, hyaline, slightly thick- to thick-walled. Caulocystidia: [n = 20] 14.5–41 × 3–6 µm, cylindrical, hyaline, thin-walled. Clamp connections present.Additional specimen examined: China, Guizhou Province, Tongren City, Yanhe County, Huangtu town, Huaxi village, Shengjiling Ridge, 28°42′45″ N, 108°16′27″ E, elev. 765 m, on dead broadleaves, 27 October 2020, A. Xu, HMAS 295797.G. sect. Levipedes (Quél.) Halling with brownish-coloured pileus and similar lamellae spacing, G. agricola Murrill, G. hybridus (Kühner and Romagn.) Antonín and Noordel., G. loiseleurietorum  Antonín and Noordel., G. sepiiconicus (Corner) A.W. Wilson, Desjardin and E. Horak, G. spongiosus (Berk. and M.A. Curtis) Halling and G. vitellinipes A.W. Wilson, Desjardin and E. Horak are close to the new species. However, G. agricola, from the USA, can be distinguished by its estriate pileus margin, a cartilaginous and non-strigose stipe [G. hybridus, from France, and G. sepiiconicus, from South Solomons, are characterized by the non-strigose stipe and the absence of caulocystidia [G. vitellinipes, from Indonesia, has larger basidiospores (8.3–9.3 × 4–4.4 µm) and a poorly developed Dryophila-structure in the pileipellis [G. loiseleurietorum, from Austria, differs by the absence of true cheilocystidia and hyphae turn green in KOH [G. spongiosus, from the USA, has smaller basidiospores (8.4 × 3.6 µm) that often turn olive green in alkali [Notes: Amongst the known species within se stipe ; G. hybrcystidia ,14; G. veipellis ; G. loisn in KOH ; G. sponn alkali .G. spongiosus.Phylogenetic analyses agree with the morphological study, which showed the new species is close to Gymnopus s. str. with morpho-molecular evidence in ChinaKey to species within Dryophila-type structures ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2.Terminal cells of pileipellis broad, mostly inflated, mixed with irregularly branched elements and some resembling −Dryophila-type structures ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3.Terminal cells of pileipellis coralloid, more or less diverticulate, lobed to irregularly branched, or with 2.G. omphalinoidesPileus generally deeply umbilicate; lamellae ventricose ………………………………………………………………………………………….... −G. schizophyllusPileus more or less depressed; lamellae linear to arcuate ………………………………………………………………………………………….... 3.Siccus-type broom cells, stipitipellis with dextrinoid hyphae ………………………………………………. 4.Rhizomorphs present, cheilocystidia consist of −Siccus-type broom cell, stipitipellis without dextrinoid hyphae………………………………………………… 5.Rhizomorphs absent, cheilocystidia never a 4.G. pallipesClamp connections present ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. −G. efibulatusClamp connections absent …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5.Basidiomata with unpleasant odour …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 6.−Basidiomata with negligible odour ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10.6.Lamellae not close or crowded …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7.−Lamellae close or crowded ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..... 9.7.G. alliifoetidissimusPileus general white overall ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... −Pileus not white …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.8.G. similisPileus light brown, orange white to greyish orange when old ……………………………………………………………………………………………. −G. iodesPileus almost reddish lilac overall when drying ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9.G. densilamellatusPileipellis consist of incrusted hyphae ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. −G. sinopolyphyllusPileipellis without incrusted hyphae ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....... 10.G. strigosipesCaulocystidia present ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... −Caulocystidia not recorded …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..... 11.11.Stipe smooth or tomentose …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 12.−Stipe with hairs …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….......... 15.12.Pileipellis made up of smooth hyphae ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13.−Pileipellis with incrusted hyphae …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….... 14.13.G. macrosporusBasidia sterigmata extremely long, up to 32 µm ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… −G. tiliicolaBasidia sterigmata normally long ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………........... 14.G. longusBasidia sterigmata extremely long, up to 33 µm …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… −G. globulosusBasidia sterigmata normally long ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15.Pileus tomentose or pileipellis with incrusted hyphae …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16.−Pileus without tomenta and pileipellis made up of smooth hyphae ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 17.16.G. tomentosusPileus tomentose, pileipellis made up of smooth hyphae …………………………………………………………………………………………… −G. longisterigmaticusPileus without tomenta, pileipellis with incrusted hyphae …………………………………………………………………………………… 17.G. erythropusPileus estriate …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….... −Pileus striate …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....... 18.18.G. striatusStipe longitudinally striate ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....... −G. changbaiensisStipe smooth ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Gymnopus s. str. have been reported in China as yet, of which 15 taxa were reported based on morpho-molecular evidence [Gymnopus species and DNA barcodes. The newly proposed species, except G. efibulatus, a member of G. sect. Androsacei, embrace the current sectional concept well. Four odorous fungi, namely, G. iocephalus, G. iodes, G. similis and G. variicolor formed an independent clade implying their close affinities phylogenetically. When revisiting these four gymnopoid fungi in morphology, it is not hard to find that they share the striate pileus and the distant to subdistant lamellae [G. densilamellatus, G. polyphyllus and G. sinopolyphyllus, forming an independent clade, share the very close to crowded lamellae [G. sect. Androsacei is still an unsolved clade thus far, phylogenetically. Formally, Li et al. discussed the sectional circumscription and noted the broom cells were absent or weakly present in the pileipellis of several taxa [G. efibulatus also lack the bloom cells but subglobose cells were observed. Accordingly, this section is worthy of further exploration in the future based on morphology inferred from more materials and multilocus phylogenetic analyses.A total of 28 known species of evidence ,17,18,33lamellae ,12. Similamellae ,12. Besi


Scientific Reports 10.1038/srep43191, published online 27 February 2017Correction to: This Article contains errors in Figure 5 and Figure 7.−/− + PDCD4” group shows partial overlap with Figure 5e, the “M, WT” group. The corrected Figure In Figure 5i in the “M, miR-21Additionally, in Figure 7d, the “WT, aged” group overlaps with Figure 6d, the “WT, OVX” group. The corrected Figure


Andrena Fabricius, 1775, described by Ferdinand Morawitz from the collection of Aleksey Fedtschenko deposited in the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University and in the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (Russia), are critically reviewed. Precise information with illustrations of types for 52 taxa is provided; of these 39 species are valid and thirteen are invalid (ten synonyms and three homonyms). Lectotypes are here designated for the following 24 nominal taxa: Andrenaacutilabris Morawitz, 1876, A.aulica Morawitz, 1876, A.bicarinata Morawitz, 1876, A.combusta Morawitz, 1876, A.comparata Morawitz, 1876, A.corallina Morawitz, 1876, A.discophora Morawitz, 1876, A.fedtschenkoi Morawitz, 1876, A.initialis Morawitz, 1876, A.laeviventris Morawitz, 1876, A.leucorhina Morawitz, 1876, A.mucorea Morawitz, 1876, A.nitidicollis Morawitz, 1876, A.oralis Morawitz, 1876, A.planirostris Morawitz, 1876, A.ravicollis Morawitz, 1876, A.rufilabris Morawitz, 1876, A.sarta Morawitz, 1876, A.smaragdina Morawitz, 1876, A.sogdiana Morawitz, 1876, A.subaenescens Morawitz, 1876, A.tuberculiventris Morawitz, 1876, A.turkestanica Morawitz, 1876, and A.virescens Morawitz, 1876.The type specimens of the genus  Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow (ZMMU) and in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZISP). In the first part, the family Halictidae was considered , the second part of Ferdinand Morawitz’s critical study on the bees collected by Aleksey Fedtschenko 1869–1871 Expeditions in “Turkestan” was published. In the first volume, “enuinae” , Morawitrenidae” , the rem species . The spe species  and the Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is the one of the largest bee genera, numbering about 1550 species worldwide, of which about 950 are known from the Palaearctic region , who visited the ZMMU from 26.03.1975 to 01.04.1975  received a red label with the inscription “Lectotypus Warncke 1975.” All other type specimens were left without nomenclatural status labels. However, unlike other groups of bees  and Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZISP). The data from each label are separated by two slashes (//). Square brackets are used for English translations and when information is added to specimen label information  or published data .All of the material listed below was examined for this study. In the following list, the taxa are treated in alphabetical order of the names used in the original descriptions. Each entry includes the name of the taxon in its original combination, the complete reference to the original description of the species  and a list of type specimens present in the collections of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow . Illustrations were obtained by montaging from an image series that covers different focal planes into a single in-focus image with the program Helicon Focus 7. The final illustrations were post-processed for contrast and brightness using Adobe Photoshop software.The classification and current species status mostly follow Andrena Fabricius, 1775Genus Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae1.Morawitz, 18769B7E5D93-5C81-551C-BEC4-7012E1FA0BC7Andrenaacutilabris Morawitz, 1876: 165 (key), 175, ♀, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent, Urmitan.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // acutilabris [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.acutilabris Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaacutilabris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000300 [ZISP].♀, Ташкентъ  // Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // acutilabris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenaacutilabris Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 6 ♂, 2., 5.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ; 1 ♀, 11.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 // Paralectotypus Andrenaacutilabris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Nobandrena) acutilabris Morawitz, 1876.Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae2.Morawitz, 18764EB0DE5A-2A36-5D91-BFE3-B0E72FF30969Andrenaahenea Morawitz, 1876: 164, 166 (key), 210, ♀, ♂.Samarkand (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Samarkand.39°39'N, 66°57'E] // Andrenaahenea Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaahenea Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, designated by Osychnjuk et al. 2008: 51, 16.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ .1 ♂, 16.[III.1876] // Самаркандъ // Paralectotypus Andrena (Euandrena) ahenea Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae3.Morawitz, 1876C47DE2A4-D7F6-5EA9-AF77-05732ADA4358Andrenaamoena Morawitz, 1876: 164 (key), 211, ♀.Chardara (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: Syr Darja River near Chardara.41°18'N, 67°57'E] // Andrenaamoena Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaamoena Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, designated by (3 ♀). 3 ♀, 25.[IV.1871] // Чардара [Chardara] // Paralectotypus Andrenaamoena Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Aciandrena) amoena Morawitz, 1876  lateralis Morawitz, 1876 , Caucasus, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae5.Morawitz, 1876FBBADC3D-7CF1-5500-B7F1-E508B1E2BC1BAndrenaaulica Morawitz, 1876: 162, 166 (key), 187, ♀, ♂.Panjakent (Tajikistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent, Samarkand, Oalyk Gorge; Tajikistan: Panjakent, Fan [River], Varzaminor [= Ayni], Iori Gorge.39°30'N, 67°36'E] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenaaulica Morawitz, ♀ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.aulica F. Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaaulica Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000299 [ZISP].♀, Пянджикентъ  // Andr.ferghanica F. Mor, ♂, Popov det, 1936; 1 ♀, Заравш. дол. // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // aulica Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; Paralectotypus Andrenaaulica Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 4 ♀, 8.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ; 9 ♀, 20., 21., 23., 26., 30.[III], 9.[V.1869] // Самаркандъ; 3 ♀, 28., 29.[IV.1869] // Пянджикентъ; 1 ♀, 12.[VI.1870] // Фанъ; 2 ♀, 7.[VI.1870] // Варзаминоръ; 1 ♀, 2 ♂, 25.[III], 2., 7.[V.1869] // Заравш. дол. // Paralectotypus Andrenaaulica Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et. al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrenaaulica Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975; ZMMU]. However, the label date (31.[II.1869]) does not correspond any date mentioned for type series by There is one female specimen labelled by Warcke as “Lectotype” .42°05'N, 68°10'E] // Andrenabairacumensis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenabairacumensis Mor., 1876 <red label, labelled by Yu. Astafurova> [ZMMU].♀, 4.[V.1871] // Байракумъ ; Tajikistan: Panjakent.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenabicarinata Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenabicarinata Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Andrenatuberculiventris Mor. A. Osytshnjuk det. // Lectotypus Andrenabicarinata Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000298 [ZISP].♀, 11.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ  // Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenabicarinata Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenabicarinata Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 < red label > // Andrenatuberculiventris, D.A. Sidorov det.; 1 ♀, 5.[IV.1871] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenabicarinata F.Mor, Cotype!, F. Morawitz det. // Andrenatuberculiventris, D.A. Sidorov det. [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 5.[V.1871] // Урмитанъ [Urmitan] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // A.tuberculiventris [det. A.Osytshnjuk]; 1 ♂, 5.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ [Tashkent] // Andrenatuberculiventris, D.A. Sidorov det.; 1 ♀, 29.[VI.1869] // Katty-Kurgan // Andrenatuberculiventris, D.A. Sidorov det.; 1 ♀, 2.[V.1871] // Урмитанъ [Urmitan] // Andrenatuberculiventris, D.A. Sidorov det. // Paralectotypus Andrenabicarinata Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Parandrenella) tuberculiventris Morawitz, 1876 , 205, ♀.Samarkand (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Samarkand.39°39'N, 66°57'E] // Andrenacapillosa Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 // Lectotypus Andrenacapillosa Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, designated by (5 ♀). 1 ♀, <golden circle>, 27.[II.1869] // Самаркандъ // capillosa Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 4 ♀, 27.[II.1869], 3., 4.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenacapillosa Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP].Andrena (Euandrena) capillosa Morawitz, 1876.Description of male: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan. The record from Russia (Western Siberia) by Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae9.Morawitz, 187671B337F1-1FD1-5B2B-A154-0B57EB5FE4C0Andrenacarinifrons Morawitz, 1876: 164 (key), 198, ♀.Turkistan Province (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: between the Karak Mts and Bairkum.42°46'N, 67°24'E] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenacarinifrons Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenacarinifrons Morawitz, 1876 design. by Osytchjuk et al., 2005 <red label, labelled by Yu. Astafurova> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000200.♀, designated by Andrena (Carinandrena) carinifrons Morawitz, 1876.Description of male: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae10.Morawitz, 18766B61927A-F633-5629-AF93-B179FBF73B45Andrenacombusta Morawitz, 1876: 163, 165 (key), 189, ♀, ♂.Kattakurgan (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent and near Kattakurgan.39°53'N, 66°15'E] // Andrenacombusta Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke, 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenacombusta Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 29. [IV.1869] // Верхн.[ий] Заравш.[ан]  // Верхн. Заравш. [Upper Zaravshan]; 1 ♂, 11.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // Paralectotypus Andrenacombusta Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Truncandrena) combusta Morawitz, 1876.Azerbaijan, Turkey, Syria, Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae11.Morawitz, 1876172B32CF-0E9E-56B0-BEA5-69B9EF64D435Andrenacomparata Morawitz, 1876: 166 (key), 188, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent and Samarkand.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenacomparata Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andr.aulica F. Mor, ♂, Popov 1936 det. // Paralectotypus Andr.comparata Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenacomparata Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000297 [ZISP].♂, 9.[III.1871] // Ташкентъ  // Самаркандъ [Samarkand] // Andrenacomparata Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Andr.aulica F.Mor, ♂, Popov det. 1936 // Paralectotypus Andrenacomparata Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♂, 21.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // Andrenacomparata Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Andrenaaulica, D.A. Sidorov det., 2022; 7 ♂, 21., 26., 30.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // Paralectotypus Andrenacomparata Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Plastandrena) aulica Morawitz, 1876 (synonymised by Andrena (Plastandrena) bimaculata  by Andrenaaulica, above).Listed as Russia (European part), Caucasus, Iran, Central Asia, India.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae12.Morawitz, 187650D305FD-02E6-5309-B6E0-03759C1DE0F6Andrenacorallina Morawitz, 1876: 162 (key), 203, ♀.Urmetan (Tajikistan).Tajikistan: Urmitan.39°26'N, 68°15'E] // Andrenacorallina Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 // Lectotypus Andrenacorallina Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 2.[V.1869] // Урмитанъ  // Andrenadiscophora Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenadiscophora Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 8.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ  // Ташкентъ // discophora Mor. ♂, Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♀, 4 ♂, Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenadiscophora Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♀, <golden circle> // 11.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // discophora Mor. ♀, Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 2 ♀, 8.[IV.1871] and 27.[III.1987] // Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz]; 1 ♀, 11.[IV.1981] // Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andr.discophora F. Mor., Popov det. // Paralectotypus Andrena Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 16 ♀, 4 ♂, [28.II–11.IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // Paralectotypus Andrenadiscophora Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Trachandrena) discophora Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae14.Morawitz, 1876507C9637-6F8D-5654-8D5F-0E328CC6C9BCAndrenaFedtschenkoi Morawitz, 1876: 162, 165 (key), 184, ♀, ♂.Chardara (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: Kysyl-Kum [desert] near draw-well Chakany, Karak steppe, Chardara; Uzbekistan: Zeravshan River valley.41°18'N, 67°57'E] // AndrenaFedtschenkoi Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenafedtschenkoi Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenafedtschenkoi Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000296.♀, Чардара  // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // fedtschenkoi F. Morawitz, ♀ [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 3 ♂, Чардара // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // AndrenaFedtschenkoi Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♂, 25.[IV.1869] // Заравшан.[ская] дол.[ина] [Zeravshan River valley] // fedtschenkoi F. Morawitz, ♂ Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenafedtschenkoi Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 28.[IV.1871] // Кизилъкум // AndrenaFedtschenkoi Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label>; 4 ♀, 4 ♂, 25.[IV.1869], 12., 13., 18., 23.[V.1869] // Заравш. дол.; 3 ♂, 25.[IV.1871] // Чардара; 1 ♀, 5.[V.1871] // Карак.[ская] степь [Karak steppe] // Paralectotypus Andrenafedtschenkoi Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Ulandrena) fedtschenkoi Morawitz, 1876.Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae15.Morawitz, 187609C1F838-36F7-50E1-B769-D69BF110A5D9Andrenaferghanica Morawitz, 1876: 163 (key), 189, ♀.Alai Mts, Kavuk Pass (Kyrgyzstan).Kyrgyzstan: Kavuk Pass.39°40'N, 72°15'E] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenaferghanica Morawitz [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Andrenaferghanica Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenaferghanica Mor., 1876 <red label, labelled by Yu. Astafurova> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000261 [ZISP].♀, 24.[VI.1871] // Алай  // Andrenaflavitarsis Mor. ♀ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaflavitarsis Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, designated by . 1 ♀, 5.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ [Tashkent] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenaflavitarsis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Andrenaflavitarsis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 < red label > [ZISP]; 1 ♂, 16.[III.1871] // Ташкентъ [Tashkent] // Andrenaflavitarsis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenaflavitarsis Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Euandrena) flavitarsis Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae17.Morawitz, 18767919437C-157C-5B68-91C2-DB45AB668844Andrenafuscicollis Morawitz, 1876: 164, 165 (key), 208, ♀, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenafuscicollis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenafuscicollis Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♂, designated by . 1 ♂, <golden circle>, 1.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // fuscicollis Mor. ♂ [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 4 ♂, 5., 10.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz]; 1 ♀, <golden circle>, 10.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // fuscicollis Mor. Typ., ♀ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenafuscicollis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 4 ♀, 1.,10., 11.[IV.1871] Ташкентъ // Paralectotypus Andrenafuscicollis Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Fuscandrena) fuscicollis Morawitz, 1876.The collection date in the original publication is “from 11 February to 11 March”. However, the lectotype and paralectotype specimens designated by A. Osytshnjuk are labelled as collected in April [green label]. Probably “March” was mistakenly mentioned in the Morawitz’ publication instead of April.Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae18.Morawitz, 1876C32A70DA-D344-5CB0-8FDB-BF59457419E3Andrenahieroglyphica Morawitz, 1876: 163 (key), 192, ♀.Sokh Enclave (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: near Sokh.39°57'N, 71°07'E] // Andrenahieroglyphica Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenahieroglyphica Mor., 1876 <red label, labelled by Yu. Astafurova> [ZMMU].♀, 28.[VI.1871] // Сохъ  // Andrenainfirma Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenainfirma Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♂, designated by by . 1 ♂, 8.[VI.1870] // Варзаминоръ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz]; 1 ♂, <golden circle> // 21.[VI.1870] // Искандеръ [Iskander] // infirma Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♂, 21.[VI.1870] // Искандеръ // Andrenainfirma Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenainfirma Mor., design. Osytshnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 1 ♀ [without head], 9.[VI.1869] // Варзаминоръ // Федченко [Fedtschenko leg.]; 1 ♂, 26.[VI.1871] // Чибурганъ [Khodzha-Chiburgan River] // Paralectotypus Andrenainfirma Morawitz, 1876., design. ZMMU].Andrena (Melandrena) infirma Morawitz, 1876.Afghanistan, Central Asia.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae20.Morawitz, 1876FC99A7E8-DD11-5754-AFDC-B0A7621D887EAndrenainitialis Morawitz, 1876: 164, 166 (key), 199, ♀, ♂.Shardara District (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: “between Keles [River] and Kosaral [Lake]”.41°10'N, 68°06'E] // Andrenainitialis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenainitialis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 // Lectotypus Andrenainitialis Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000295.♀, 24.[IV.1871] // Косаралъ  Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenainitialis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 24.[IV.1871] // Косаралъ // Andrenainitialis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975; 1 ♀, 24.[IV.1871] // Косаралъ; 1 ♂, 24.[IV.1871] // Косаралъ // Andrenalateralis, D.A. Sidorov det., 2022 // Paralectotypus Andrenainitialis Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (incertae sedis) initialis Morawitz, 1876.Andrena (incertae sedis) lateralis Morawitz, 1876, as was mentioned by Male unknown. The single male from the type series belongs to Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae21.Morawitz, 1876D63503E2-A06A-541E-8961-220548D83CFAAndrenalaeviventris Morawitz, 1876: 163 (key), 182, ♀.Obburdon (Tajikistan).Uzbekistan: Gus [near Urgut]; Tajikistan: Pyandzhikent, Obburden [Obburdon].40°25'N, 69°18'E] // Andrenalaeviventris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenalaeviventris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 4.[VI.1870] // Оббурденъ .1 ♀, 24.[V.1869] // Заравш.[анская] дол.[ина] [Zaravshan River Valley] // Paralectotypus Andrena (Aciandrena) laeviventris Morawitz, 1876.Male unknown , 200, ♀, ♂.Shardara District (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: “between Keles [River] and Kosaral [Lake]”, Kyzyl-Kum [desert]; Uzbekistan: Urmitan [near Katty-Kurgan]; Tajikistan: Varzaminor [Ayni], near Obburden [Obburdon].41°10'N, 68°06'E] // Andrenalateralis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenalateralis Morawitz, 1876., design. ZMMU].♀, designated by by . 1 ♀, 24.[VI.1871] // Косаралъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenalateralis F.Mor. Popov 1935 det.; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, <golden circle>, 24.[VI.1871] // Косаралъ // lateralis Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 2 ♂, 25.[IV.1871] // Чардара [Shardara] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenalateralis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenalateralis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 4 ♀, 24.[IV.1871] // Косараль; 1 ♀, 30.[IV.1871] // Кизилкумъ [Kyzyl-Kum desert]; 9 ♀, Оббурденъ [Obburden]; 2 ♀, Варзаминоръ [Varzaminor]; 9 ♂, 25.[IV.1871] // Чардара // Lectotypus Andrenalateralis Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (incertae sedis) lateralis Morawitz, 1876.Europe, Russia (to East Siberia), Caucasus, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae23.Morawitz, 18766D8B14C6-E3AC-5BD3-A0AC-A334A76E8EEEAndrenaleucorhina Morawitz, 1876: 165 (key), 169, ♂.Shardara (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: Syr-Darja River, near Chardara.41°18'N, 67°57'E] // Andrenaleucorhina Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warmcke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaleucorhina Morawitz, 1876 design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♂, 25.[IV.1871] // Чардара  // Чардара [Chardara] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenaleucorhina Morawitz [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenaleucorhina Morawitz, 1876 design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> .Andrena (Ulandrena) abbreviata Dours, 1873 , 181, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenalucidicollis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke, 1975 <red label> // Syntypus Andrenalucidicollis Mor., 1876 <red label> [ZMMU].♂, 5.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ  // maculipes Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Andrenamaculipes Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenamaculipes Morawitz, 1876, design. ZISP].♂, designated by . 2 ♀, 2 ♂, Самаркандъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenamaculipes F. Moraw. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♀, <golden circle>, 16.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // maculipes Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.maculipes Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 7 ♀, 7, 16.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ; 2 ♀, 4.[III.1869] // Заравш.[анская] дол.[ина] [Zaravshan River Valley] // Paralectotypus Andrenamaculipes Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Chrysandrena) maculipes Morawitz, 1876.ZMMU instead of the ZISP.Central Asia.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae26.Morawitz, 1876AFACB171-0C0A-54F1-AC08-46299ECAF5A7Andrenamajalis Morawitz, 1876: 163 (key), 182, ♀.Bairkum (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: Bairakum, Karak steppe; Uzbekistan: Zeravshan River valley, Dzham Gorge, Oalyk Gorge between Oalyk and Aksay.42°05'N, 68°10'E] // Andrenamajalis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warmcke, 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenamajalis Morawitz, 1876., design. ZMMU].♀, designated by (14 ♀). 3 ♀, the same labels as in the lectotype; 3 ♀, 5.[V.1871] // Каракск.[ая] степь [Karak steppe] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz]// Paralectotypus Andr.majalis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 4 ♀, 4.[V.1871] // Байракумъ; 1 ♀, 5.[V.1871] // Каракск.[ая] степь; 3 ♀, 16.,17.[V.1869] // Заравш.[анская] дол.[ина] [Zaravshan River Valley] // Paralectotypus Andrenamajalis Morawitz, 1876 design. Osychnjuk et al., 2008 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen, labelled by Yu. Astafurova> [ZMMU].Andrena (Euandrena) majalis Morawitz, 1876.Description of male: Central Asia.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae27.Morawitz, 1876055E3059-8E4C-54CB-BF56-36294DB2D4EEAndrenamordax Morawitz, 1876: 165 (key), 196, ♂.Ayni (Tajikistan).Tajikistan: Varzaminor.39°23'N, 68°32'E] // Andrenamordax Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warmcke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenamordax Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♂, designated by (3 ♂). 2 ♂, 8.[VI.1870] // Варзаминоръ // Andrenamordax Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenamordax Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♂, 9.[VI.1870] // Варзаминоръ // Paralectotypus Andrenamordax Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Hoplandrena) mordax Morawitz, 1876.Description of female: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, China.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae28.Morawitz, 18765A85590B-42AF-594E-9EFF-0A4FAA607D96Andrenamucorea Morawitz, 1876: 164, 165 (key), 212, ♀, ♂.Between Tashkent and Keless River (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: between Tashkent and Keless River, Urmitan [near Katty-Kurgan]; Kazakhstan: “between Keles [River] and Kosaral [Lake]”, Kyzyl Kum [desert].41°15'N, 69°10'E] // Andrenamucorea Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.mucorea Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenamucorea Morawitz, 1876 design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000294 [ZMMU].♀, 23.[IV.1871] // Келесъ [River]  // Келесъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenamucorea Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♀, 24.IV.1871 // Косаралъ [Kosaral] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz]; 1 ♀, Косаралъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // mucorea F. Mor., ♀ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.mucorea Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen > [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 10.[V.1869] // Урмитанъ [Urmitan] // Andrenamucorea Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label>; 7 ♀, 22., 23.[IV.1871] // Келесъ; 2♀, 9., 10.[V.1869] // Урмитанъ // Paralectotypus Andrenamucorea Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Poecilandrena) mucorea Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae29.Morawitz, 187691DEE2B8-6FED-5FB1-9E67-2823415B3F1FAndrenanigrita Morawitz, 1876: 166 (key), 196, ♂.Iskanderkul Lake (Tajikistan).Tajikistan: Iskanderkul Lake.39°04'N, 68°22'E] // Andrenanigrita Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warmcke 1975 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenanigrita Mor., 1876 <red label, labelled by Yu. Astafurova> [ZMMU].♂, 18.[VI.1870] // Искандеръ .Description of female: The lectotype designation by Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae30.Morawitz, 18766C0500DB-E21A-586A-B461-FBC4277C16E2Andrenanitidicollis Morawitz, 1876: 162, 166 (key), 180, ♀, ♂.Kyzylkum Desert (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: Kyzyl-kum Desert; Karak mountains .41°58'N, 67°03'E] // Andrenanitidicollis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenanitidicollis Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 29.[IV.1871] // Кизилъкумъ .1 ♂, 6.[V.1871] // Кизилъкумъ // Paralectotypus Andrena (incertae sedis) nitidicollis Morawitz, 1876.Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae31.Morawitz, 18761D4DCA7C-1F1C-5485-AD49-3D7F45537F8AAndrenanupta Morawitz, 1876: 163, 166 (key), 191, ♀, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent and Samarkand.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenanupta Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenanupta Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, designated by . 1 ♀, the same label as in the lectotype; 2 ♀, 2 ♂, Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // nupta F. Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.nupta Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 2 ♀, 1 ♂, 27.[III.1871], 3., 8.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ; 1 ♂, 5.[IV.1869] // Самаркандъ [Samarkand] // Paralectotypus Andrenanupta Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Euandrena) nupta Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae32.Morawitz, 18769B29B2C9-3AE3-56A6-B52E-07F70DB32B87Andrenaoralis Morawitz, 1876: 162 (key), 177, ♀.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: near Tashkent.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // oralis Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Andrenaoralis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus, Andrenaoralis Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000201 [ZISP].♀, <golden circle> // Ташкентъ  // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Paralectotypus Andrenaoralis Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].1 ♀, 5.[IV.1871] // Ташкент // Andrena (Orandrena) oralis Morawitz, 1876.Andrenasogdiana Morawitz, 1876 , Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae33.Morawitz, 18769532633F-6932-54FE-9D00-E3F908AAA849Andrenapannosa Morawitz, 1876: 162 (key), 197, ♀.Khodzha-Chiburgan Gorge (Kyrgyzstan).Kyrgyzstan: Khodzha-Chiburgan Gorge.39°48'N, 70°41'E] // pannosa Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Andrenapannosa Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus, Andrenapannosa Morawitz, 1876 design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000287 [ZISP].♀, <golden circle>, 21.[VI.1871] // Чибурганъ  // Чибурганъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenapannosa Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.pannosa Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 21.[VI.1871] // Чибурганъ // Paralectotypus Andrenapannosa Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Euandrena) pannosa Morawitz, 1876.ZMMU. This specimen is a female labelled “21.[06.1971] // Soch [Uzbek enclave] Andrenapannosa Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975.” However, according to the original description , the type location is “Khodzha-Chiburgan Gorge” ; thus, the lectotype published by ZISP from “Chiburgan”, which correspond to the original description of Morawitz. One of these females labelled by A. Osytshnjuk as “lectotype” is designated here as a lectotype of Andrenapannosa.Description of male: Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae34.Morawitz, 1876B23B5039-ED84-5D62-A6C3-AB2075AB4F9BAndrenaplanirostris Morawitz, 1876: 163, 165 (key), 174, ♀, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: near Tashkent.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenaplanirostris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.planirostris Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaplanirostris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000256 [ZISP].♀, 23.[III.1871] // Ташкентъ  // Ташкентъ // planirostris Mor. Typ. ♀ [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 9 ♀, 23., 25.[III.1871] // Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz]; 1 ♂, Ташкентъ // planirostris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.planirostris Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 10 ♀, 1 ♂, 11., 22., 23., 24., 25., 26. Ташкентъ // Paralectotypus Andrenaplanirostris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrenaplanirostris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975; ZMMU]. However, the label date does not correspond to any date [11–26.III.1871) mentioned for the type series by There is a female specimen labelled by Warcke as a “Lectotypus” [<golden circle> // 5.[IV.1871] // Ташкент // Andrena (Planiandrena) planirostris Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae35.Morawitz, 187642502708-0CC4-593B-85A3-AEC547D2C9ADAndrenapunctifrons Morawitz, 1876: 164 (key), 202, ♀.Khodzha-Chiburgan River (Kyrgyzstan).Kyrgyzstan: “Khodzha-Chiburgan River”.39°48'N, 70°41'E] // Andrenapunctifrons Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenapunctifrons Mor., 1876 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, Чибурганъ  // Andrenapunctiventris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenapunctiventris Mor., 1876 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 15.[VI.1870] // Искандеръ  // Andrenaquadrifasciata Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenaquadrifasciata Mor., 1876 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 7.[VII.1871] // Шагимарданъ  // ravicollis Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenaravicollis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaravicollis Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Andrenaleucorhina, D.A. Sidorov det., 2022 // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000286 [ZISP].♀, <golden circle> // 25.[IV.1871] // Чардара .1 ♀, 25.[IV.1871] // Чардара // Andrenaravicollis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975; ZMMU]. However, the label date does not correspond the date [25.III.1871] mentioned for the type series by There is a female specimen (in bad condition) labelled by Warcke as a “Lectotypus” [27.[IV.1871] // Чардара // Andrena (Ulandrena) abbreviata Dours, 1873 , 180, ♀.NW of Bairkum (Kazakhstan).Uzbekistan: Katty-Kurgan; Kazakhstan: Karak steppe.42°46'N, 67°24'E] // Andrenarufilabris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenarufilabris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 5.[V.1871] // Каракск.[ая] степь  and 6.[V.1869] // Катты Курганъ // Andrenasatra, D.A. Sidorov det., 2022 // Paralectotypus, Andrenarufilabris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].Andrena (Simandrena) sarta Morawitz, 1876 , 167, ♀, ♂.Anzob (Tajikistan).Tajikistan: Anzob.39°04'N, 68°52'E] // Andrenarufina Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 // Lectotypus Andrenarufina Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♂, designated by Andrenarufina Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, 75. // Туркест.[анский] кр.[ай] [Turkestan] // Paralectotypus, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) rufina Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae41.Morawitz, 18764801D484-8040-534D-9125-A0496776FEA9Andrenasarta Morawitz, 1876: 164 (key), 171, ♀.30 km SE of Kozhatogai, Turkistan Province (Kazakhstan).Kazakhstan: steppe between Tashkent and Syrdarya River.41°47'N, 68°23'E] // satra Mor. [handwritten by Osytshnjuk] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 // Lectotypus Andrenasarta Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♀, 20.[V.1871] // Степь м.[ежду] С.[ыр] [-] д.[арьей] и Т.[ашкентом]  // Lectotypus Warncke, 1975 // Lectotypus Andrenasemiaenea Morawitz, 1876, ZMMU].♀, designated by (4 ♀). 3 ♀, 25.IV.1871 // Чардара [Chardara] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.semiaenea Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 24.[IV.1871] // Косараль [Kosaral] // Paralectotypus Andenasemiaenea Mor., design. ZMMU].Andrena (Poecilandrena) semiaenea Morawitz, 1876.Lepidandrena by Listed as Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae43.Morawitz, 18761DE20C98-571A-51BA-9C30-4D65FD27CD34Andrenasmaragdina Morawitz, 1876: 164, 165 (key), 211, ♀, ♂.Samarkand (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Samarkand.39°39'N, 66°57'E] // Andrenasmaragdina Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenasmaragdina Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenasmaragdina Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000293 [ZISP].♀, Самаркандъ  // Самаркандъ // Andrenasmaragdina Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label>; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, 10., 28.[II.1869] // Самаркандъ // Paralectotypus Andrenasmaragdina Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].Andrena (Notandrena) smaragdina Morawitz, 1876.Poecilandrena by Listed as Uzbekistan, Tajikistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae44.Morawitz, 18763BEFB11C-F0B3-50CF-BB78-B4EBFD4EF6E0Andrenasogdiana Morawitz, 1876: 165 (key), 177, ♂.Samarkand (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Samarkand.39°39'N, 66°57'E] // Andrenasogdiana Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenasogdiana Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Andrenaoralis, ♂, D.A. Sidorov det. 2022 // Lectotypus Andrenasogdiana Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000292 [ZISP].♂, 11.[IV.1869] // Самаркандъ  mentioned for the type series by There is a male specimen labelled by Warncke as a “Lectotypus” , Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae45.Morawitz, 18761462616D-C19B-5A54-94EC-7FD24029765FAndrenasordida Morawitz, 1876: 163, 166 (key), 173, ♀, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: near Tashkent.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenasordida Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenasordida Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, designated by . 1 ♀, 1 ♂, the same label as in the lectotype; 4 ♀, Ташкентъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // sordida [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.sordida Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 78 ♀, 1 ♂, 1., 3., 5., 8.[IV.1871], 28.[III.1871] // Ташкентъ // Paralectotypus Andrenasordida Mor. design. ZMMU].Andrena (Leucandrena) sordidella Viereck, 1918, replacement name for A.sordida Morawitz, 1876 .Uzbekistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae46.Morawitz, 1876D0F5D5E8-812B-5682-9441-5276A1375D7DAndrenasubaenescens Morawitz, 1876: 164, 166 (key) 207, ♀, ♂.Samarkand (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Samarkand.39°39'N, 66°57'E] // subaenescens Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andrenasubaenescens Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenasubaenescens Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000255 [ZISP].♀, <golden circle> // 27.[II.1869] // Самаркандъ  // Самаркандъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.sordida Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 27.[II.1869] // Самаркандъ // Andrenasubaenescens Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke, 1975 <red label>; 4 ♀, 1 ♂. 27., 28.[II–18.III.1869] // Самаркандъ // Paralectotypus Andrenasubaenescens Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et. al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Poecilandrena) subaenescens Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae47.Morawitz, 18766C6D8114-958B-53F9-A23C-DC08B526346FAndrenatemporalis Morawitz, 1876: 165 (key), 204, ♂.Samarkand (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Samarkand.39°39'N, 66°57'E] // Andrenatemporalis Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus, Andrenatemporalis Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♂, designated by (7 ♂). 1 ♂, <golden circle> // 20.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // temporalis Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♂, Самаркандъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Andrenatemporalis F. Morawitz, ♂ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.temporalis Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 5 ♂, 16., 20.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // Paralectotypus, Andrenatemporalis Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Notandrena) hieroglyphica Morawitz, 1876 , 184, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenatuberculiventris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenatuberculiventris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].♂, 10.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ  // Ташкентъ // tuberculiventris Mor. Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.tuberculiventris Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 2 ♂, 10.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ // Paralectotypus Andrenatuberculiventris Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> [ZMMU].Andrena (Parandrenella) tuberculiventris Morawitz, 1876 (according to Andrena (Parandrenella) bicarinata Morawitz, 1876 by Listed as Uzbekistan, Tajikistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae49.Morawitz, 1876D1059395-B44F-5680-B205-0F4EA578CEE0Andrenaturkestanica Morawitz, 1876: 162, 166 (key), 192, ♀, ♂.Urgut, Zeravshan River valley (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Zeravshan River valley; steppe between Ulus and Dzham.39°24'N, 67°13'E] // turkestanica F. Mor. ♀, [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.turkestanica Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenaturkestanica Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000285 [ZISP].♀, Верхн.[ий] Заравш.[ан]  // Paralectotypus Andr.turkestanica Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♀, 12.[V.1869] // Верхн. Заравш. // Andrenaturkestanica Mor. // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Paralectotypus Andrenaturkestanica Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Melanapis) fuscosa Erichson, 1835 , Caucasus, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Central Asia, India.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae50.Morawitz, 1876EFE42609-8123-5324-8A1B-58479B7E0AD7Andrenaurmitana Morawitz, 1876: 165 (key), 175, ♂.Urmetan (Tajikistan).Tajikistan: near Urmitan [Urmetan].39°26'N, 68°15'E] // Andrenaurmitana Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Holotypus Andrenaurmitana Mor., 1876 <red label> [ZMMU].♂, 2.[V.1869] // Урмитанъ  // virescens Mor., ♀ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.virescens Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> // Lectotypus Andrenavirescens Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <red label> // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0000254 [ZISP].♀, Ташкентъ  // Самаркандъ // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.virescens Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <red label> [ZISP]; 1 ♂, 27.[II.1869] // Самаркандъ // Andrenavirescens Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke, 1975 <red label>; 5 ♀, 1 ♂, 10., 23., 24.[III.1871], 8.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ; 1 ♀, 2 ♂, 27.[II.1869] // Самаркандъ ; 1 ♀, 22.[IV.1871] // Келесъ // // Paralectotypus, Andrenavirescens Morawitz, 1876, design. Astafurova et al., 2022 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZMMU].Andrena (Poecilandrena) virescens Morawitz, 1876.Uzbekistan, Tajikistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraAndrenidae52.Morawitz, 1876ACA99AF2-42E2-566A-AEAA-5EDD94580840Andrenaviridigastra Morawitz, 1876: 164, 165 (key), 206, ♀, ♂.Tashkent (Uzbekistan).Uzbekistan: Tashkent, Samarkand.41°18'N, 69°16'E] // Andrenaviridigastra Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Warncke 1975 <red label> // Lectotypus, Andrenaviridigastra Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].♀, designated by . 1 ♀, <golden circle>, 16.[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // viridigastra Mor., ♀, Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 2 ♀, 27.[II.1871] // Ташкентъ [Tashkent] // к.[оллекция] Ф. Моравица [Collection of F. Morawitz] // viridigastra Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz]; 1 ♂, <golden circle> // 16.[III.1871] // Ташкентъ // viridigastra Mor. ♂, Typ. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Paralectotypus Andr.viridigastra Mor., design. Osychnjuk, 1980 <identical red labels on each paralectotype specimen> [ZISP]; 20 ♀, 14 ♂, 28.[II.1871], 16., 23., 24., 25., 27.[III.1871], 5., 8., 10., 11.[IV.1871] // Ташкентъ; 6 ♀, 17 ♂, 16., 18., 21., 25[III.1869] // Самаркандъ // Paralectotypus, Andrenaviridigastra Morawitz, 1876, design. ZMMU].Andrena (Melandrena) viridigastra Morawitz, 1876.Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.


In this paper, we proposed a stochastic SVEI brucellosis model with stage structure by introducing the effect of environmental white noise on transmission dynamics of brucellosis. By Has'minskii theory and constructing suitable Lyapunov functions, we established sufficient conditions on the existence of ergodic stationary distribution for the considered model. Moreover, we also established sufficient condition for extinction of the disease. Finally, two examples with numerical simulations are given to illustrate the main results of this paper. Brucella, of which there are six species: B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, B. ovis, B. canis, and B. neotomae  such that they are continuously twice differentiable in x and once in t. The differential operator L of equation , thenVt = ∂V/∂t, Vx = ((∂V/∂x1), ⋯, (∂V/∂xd)), Vxx = (∂2V/∂xi∂xj)d×d. By Itô's formula, if x(t) ∈ ℝd, thenIf Next, we present a result about the existence of stationary distribution (see Has'minskii ).X(t) be a homogeneous Markov process in Ed  and be described by the following stochastic differential equation:Let The diffusion matrix is defined as follows:X(t) has a unique ergodic stationary distribution Π(·) if there exists a bounded domain D ⊂ Ed with regular boundary Γ andThe Markov process A1: there is a positive number M such that ∑i,j=1daij(x)ξiξj ≥ M|ξ|2, x ∈ D, ξ ∈ ℝd.A2: there exists a nonnegative C2-function V such that LV is negative for any Ed\D. Thenx ∈ Ed, where f(·) is a function integrable with respect to the measure π.In studying the dynamical behavior of an epidemic model, the first importance is whether the solution is global and positive. Hence, in the following theorem, we will study the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution, which is a prerequisite for researching the long-term behavior of model .X0 = (S1(0), S2(0), V(0), E(0), I(0)) ∈ ℝ+5, there is a unique solution X(t) = (S1(t), S2(t), V(t), E(t), I(t)) of system , S2(0), V(0), E(0), I(0)) ∈ ℝ+5, there is a unique local solution (S1(t), S2(t), V(t), E(t), I(t)) on . For each integer n > n0, define the stopping time as follows:Since the coefficients of system  satisfy ion time . To showτn is increasing as n⟶∞. Let τ∞ = limn⟶∞τn, then τ∞ ≤ τe a.s. In what follows, we need to verify τ∞ = ∞ a.s. If this assertion is violated, there is a constant T > 0 and an ε ∈  such that ℙ{τ∞ ≤ T} > ε. As a result, there exists an integer n1 ≥ n0 such thatThroughout this paper, we set inf∅ = ∞ . It is easy to see that C2-function V: ℝ+5⟶ℝ+ byDefine a Using ItBy applying the following invariant set of model  which isζ is positive constant which is independent of S1, S2, V, E, I, and t, we can getSince T∧τε and taking expectations, then we can obtainIntegrating both sides  from 0 tΩε = {τε ≤ t} for n ≥ n1 by (P(Ωn) ≥ ε. Notice that for every ω ∈ Ωε, there is at least one of S1, S2, V, E, and I that equal either n or 1/n. Hence, S1, S2, V, E, and I are no less thanSet  ≥ n1 by , P(Ωn) ≥a∧b donates the minimum of a and b. In view of (Ω(ω) is the indicator function of Ωn. Let n⟶∞ leads to the contradictionConsequently, view of  and 23)(23)VS1τετ∞ = ∞ a.s.Therefore, we must have The difference between model  and the Define a parameterR0s > 1, then system (Π(·) and it has the ergodic property.Assume that n system  has a unS1(0), S2(0), V(0), E(0), I(0)) ∈ ℝ+5), there is a unique global solution  ∈ ℝ+5..In view of The diffusion matrix of system  is givenChoose A1 in Then the condition C2-function Q : ℝ+5⟶ℝ in the following fromχ is a constant satisfying 0 < χ < 2μ/σ12∨σ22∨σ32∨σ42∨σ52,M > 0 satisfies the following conditionConstruct a Uk = ((1/k), k) × ((1/k), k) × ((1/k), k) × ((1/k), k) × ((1/k), k). Furthermore, Q is a continuous function. Hence, Q must have a minimum point +5. Then we define a nonnegative C2-function V : ℝ+5⟶ℝ+ as follows:It is easy to check thatMaking use of Itλ is defined in , we, we45), D such that the condition A2 in εi > 0 are sufficiently small constants satisfying the following conditions:F, G, H, J, K, and L are positive constants which can be seen from , ,  ≤ −1 on ℝ+5\D, which is equivalent to proving it on the above ten domains.Next, we will show that S1, S2, V, E, I) ∈ D1, one can get thatIf  ∈ D2, we haveC is defined in , LV ≤ −1 for any  ∈ D2.In view of , we can S1, S2, V, E, I) ∈ D3, one can see thatIf  ∈ D4, one can see thatIf , LV ≤ −1 for any  ∈ D4.In view of , we can S1, S2, V, E, I) ∈ D5, one can see thatIf , LV ≤ −1 for any  ∈ D5.We can obtain that for sufficiently small S1, S2, V, E, I) ∈ D6, one can see thatIf  ∈ D7, one can see thatIf  ∈ D8, one can see thatLV ≤ −1 on D8.If  ∈ D9, we obtainIf  ∈ D10, it follows thatIf  if R0s = η1η2βεθ/((μ1 + d + η1 + (σ12/2))(θ + μ2 + (σ22/2))(μ2 + η2 + (σ42/2))(μ2 + c + (σ52/2))) > 1. Note that the expression of R0s coincide with the threshold R0 of the deterministic system , S2(t), V(t), E(t), I(t) be the solution of system (S1(0), S2(0), V(0), E(0), I(0)) ∈ ℝ+5. If (β(ε + 1)(Aτ + b)(μ2 + η2))/μτη2 < ((σ52/2) + μ2 + c)∧(σ42/2), then the disease I(t) will extinct exponentially with probability one, i.e., moreoverLet f system  with anyE + (μ2 + η2/η2)I], we haveApplying Itt, and the fact that limt⟶∞Bi(t)/t = 0, i = 4, 5 [Integrating the above inequality from 0 to i = 4, 5 , yieldsω ∈ Ω, ∃T = T(ω) such thatFor any β(ε + 1)(Aτ + b)(μ2 + η2))/μτη2 < ((σ52/2) + μ2 + c)∧(σ42/2).ξk  are the Gaussian random variables which follow standard normal distribution N, and σi, 1 ≤ i ≤ 5, are intensities of white noises.In this section, we will give two numerical examples to illustrate the main theoretical results obtained in this paper. The numerical simulation method can be found in , 22, 23.A = 45, β = 0.05, μ1 = 0.05, μ2 = 0.06, ε = 3.2, τ = 0.01, b = 0.3, η1 = 0.25, η2 = 0.5, and θ = 1.1, δ = 0.01, c = 0.02, σ1 = 0.2, σ2 = 0.05, σ3 = 0.31, σ4 = 0.03, and σ5 = 0.02. It is clear that conditions of R0s = η1η2βεθ/((μ1 + d + η1 + (σ12/2))(θ + μ2 + (σ22/2))(μ2 + η2 + (σ42/2))(μ2 + c + (σ52/2))) = 1.17080128We take parameters as S1(t), S2(t), V(t), E(t), I(t) are given in The histogram and the smoothing curves of the probability density functions of A = 1000, β = 0.0001, μ1 = 0.1, μ2 = 0.25ε = 0.18, τ = 0.002, b = 1.5, η1 = 1.06, η2 = 3.4, and θ = 0.1, δ = 0.4, c = 0.05, σ1 = 0.2, σ2 = 0.5, σ3 = 0.31, σ4 = 1.65, and σ5 = 1.5. It is clear that conditions of We take parameters as S1(t), S2(t), V(t), E(t) and extinction of I(t) for stochastic model (S1(0), S2(0), V(0), E(0), I(0)) = .The curves on the persistence of ic model  are giveIn this paper, we consider the stochastic perturbations for deterministic model  and deriR0s > 1 and applying the theory of stochastic differential equations, Has'minskii theory, Ito's formula, and Lyapunov function method, we obtained some sufficient conditions on the existence of ergodic stationary distribution of model (In this paper, firstly, we have considered the stochastic perturbations for deterministic system  and estaof model . We alsoof model . Especia


Adolescence can manifest different in norm and in illness. It’s important to find common characteristics of adaptation with different types of ontogenesis, or leading manifestations of diseaseThree adolescence (boys&girls) sample: normal – 22, middle age 16, cardio pathology – 7, middle age 16, psychopathology – 12, middle age 15Direct self-esteem by Dembo-Rubinstein (DR) test and indirect self-esteem by color attitude test by Etkind (CAT), Structure of Temperament Questionnaire (STQ-77), Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ).Significant differences  were obtained on scales BRAQ “Hostility” , “Common aggression” , STQ-77 “Physical Endurance” , “Physical Tempo” , “Social Endurance” , “Social Tempo” , “Plasticity” , “Self-confidence” , “Neuroticism” ; gaps DR-CAT for scales “Health” , “Happiness” . Pearson correlation coefficient between STQ-77, BRAQ and Gaps DR-CAT found in normal group: Gap DR-CAT “Health” – STQ-77 “Physical Endurance” , Gap DR-CAT “Smart” - STQ-77 “Intellectual Endurance” , Gap DR-CAT “Happiness” – BRAQ “Hostility” , Gap DR-CAT “Happiness” - STQ-77 “Impulsivity” , “Neuroticism” . Correlation was founded in cardio pathology group: Gap DR-CAT “Smart” – BRAQ “Physical aggression” , “Anger” , “Common aggression” , Gap DR-CAT “Happiness” – BRAQ “Physical aggression” , “Anger” , “Common Aggression” . For psychopathology wasn’t found correlations.Comparative study of personality traits of adolescents with different types of ontogenesis  is important for evaluating their adaptation and determining targets of psychotherapeutic work.