Globally, blood pressure management strategies were ineffective, and a low percentage of patients receiving hypertension treatment had their blood pressure controlled. In this study, we aimed to build a medication prediction model by correlating patient attributes with medications to help physicians quickly and rationally match appropriate medications.We collected clinical data from elderly hypertensive patients during hospitalization and combined statistical methods and machine learning (ML) algorithms to filter out typical indicators. We constructed five ML models to evaluate all datasets using 5-fold cross-validation. Include random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), artificial neural network (ANN), and naive Bayes (NB) models. And the performance of the models was evaluated using the micro-F1 score.Our experiments showed that by statistical methods and ML algorithms for feature selection, we finally selected Age, SBP, DBP, Lymph, RBC, HCT, MCHC, PLT, AST, TBIL, Cr, UA, Urea, K, Na, Ga, TP, GLU, TC, TG, γ-GT, Gender, HTN CAD, and RI as feature metrics of the models. LightGBM had the best prediction performance with the micro-F1 of 78.45%, which was higher than the other four models.LightGBM model has good results in predicting antihypertensive medication regimens, and the model can be beneficial in improving the personalization of hypertension treatment. Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases and a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, cognitive impairment, all-cause mortality, and disability . TherefoMaintaining appropriate blood pressure is a critical strategy for lowering the incidence of cardiovascular illness, disability, and mortality. Nowadays, the treatment options for hypertension mainly include life interventions and pharmacological treatment. The common antihypertensive drugs can be divided into five categories: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARB), calcium channel blockers (CCB), β-blockers, and diuretics. According to the biggest research ever conducted on hypertension, between 1990 and 2019, fewer than one-quarter of hypertensive women and one-fifth of hypertensive men could regulate their blood pressure to normal levels with medication . The WorElectronic Health Record (EHR) is the digitization of an individual's health record. It contains patient data collected during clinical care, including diagnostic billing codes, procedure codes, vital signs, laboratory test results, clinical imaging, and physician records. In recent years, the EHR has become a centerpiece of hospital information systems as healthcare information technology continues to evolve and the demand for clinical and record information management surges. EHR data are used in various applications, including epidemiological and observational studies, safety surveillance and regulatory use, and prospective clinical studies. Examples: Tabesh et al.  analyzed+, FPG, and LDL also impacted Irbesartan; Metoprolol was affected by Age, Urea, and HCT; Felodipine was affected by FPG, Age, and HB; and Amlodipine was affected by FPG, Age, and Urea. Liu et al. , coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, stroke, and renal insufficiency (RI). In the beginning, 47 indicators were chosen from the clinical tests based on the recommendations of specialists. However, certainly expected indications were absent from the majority of samples. In addition to the fact that professionals pay more attention to the essential characteristics during real diagnosis and therapy, we ultimately chose 22 attributes. The 22 attributes were: glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), creatinine (Crea), serum uric acid (UA), serum urea (Urea), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), total bilirubin (TBIL), total protein (TP), red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (HCT) level, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), lymphocyte (Lymph) count, platelet (PLT) count, and mean platelet volume (MPV). The standard reference ranges for blood pressure and laboratory indices were listed in 2-test was used to compare groups. P < 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. For the algorithm, we relied on Python (version 3.97).We used SPSS 26.0 and Excel 2013 software for statistical analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov was used to test data normality. x ± s expressed the normal distribution, and the comparison between groups was performed by analysis of variance. The non-normal distribution data were described as M , and the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare groups. The categorical indicators were expressed by rate (%), and the χIn this study, we used five ML algorithms for feature selection, namely Pearson correlation coefficient, Lasso, maximum information coefficient (MIC), random forest (RF), and recursive feature elimination (REF). The five ML models were built into an ensemble model according to specific rules. Finally, combined the ensemble model with statistical analysis to obtain the final feature indicators. For a better comparison, values of all attributes were Min-Max normalized to a standard range using the following formula:Normalized value =  / We compared the performance of RF, SVM, LightGBM, ANN, and NB, which are all well-known ML classification algorithms, to find the best model for predicting medication use. To segment the data for each algorithm, we used a 5-fold cross-validation approach, trained the model through the training set each time, and validated the model's performance on the test set data. Due to the imbalance between the three predicted medication classes in this study, we used micro-F1 to assess the model's efficacy. Higher values of micro-F1 indicated better model performance, and it can be used for both multi-class classification problems and asymmetrical data. The calculation is as follows (for three categories):TPi refers to a true positive of class i; FPi refers to a false positive of class i; TNi refers to a true negative of class i; FNi refers to a false negative of class i.The flow chart of the data process and analysis is shown in We looked up “2016.12-2021.12, age ≥65 years, primary hypertension” on the MeduCloud platform to get a sample of 51,895 cases. Firstly, we excluded 14,950 cases that did not register the use of antihypertensive drugs. Secondly, removed 10,884 cases lacked blood pressure and laboratory test records. Finally, deleted 15,043 cases that did not have complete records of 26 clinical indicators. After data cleaning, 11,018 cases were left. In light of the actual situation, we selected three more frequent drugs for studying. They were 110 cases of Perindopril, 1,542 cases of Amlodipine, and 519 cases of Furosemide . MeanwhiP = 0.000), and the age of patients in the group using Furosemide [79.00 ] was higher than in the other two groups [74.00 ]. In laboratory tests, there were significant differences in SBP, DBP, Lymph, RBC, HCT, MCHC, PLT, AST, TBIL, Cr, UA, Urea, K, Na, Ga, TP, GLU, TC, TG, and γ-GT . Men use Amlodipine and Furosemide more frequently than women, and in contrast, women use Perindopril more regularly than men. Among previous disease history, there was a statistically significant difference in HTN , CAD , and RI   .The purpose of feature selection is to pick a set number of feature subsets that provide the least generalization error on the original sample or to decide the smallest feature subset possible under a given generalization error . ApplyinWe recorded the feature ranking obtained by each algorithm. The higher the ranking number, the more influential the feature was.We found the average order of each feature under the five algorithms.We calculated the weight corresponding to the ranking average.According to the algorithm analysis, Lymph, Urea, HCT, TC, Na, TP, RBC, TBIL, K, SBP, Age, TG, UA, and AST were the essential features affecting the selection of medication for hypertension. The outcomes of the above feature selection procedures were summed together, with deeper colors indicating more crucial features .Combine statistical analysis with ML feature selection, where 1 (dark red) indicates that this feature is considered important by both statistics and algorithms, and 0 (light white) indicates that it is not regarded as relevant by either. If the algorithm does not value a feature, but the statistics do, we have a 0.5 (light red) feature, and vice versa .In order not to omit the information related to the medication regimen, in the subsequent analysis, we still choose Age, SBP, DBP, Lymph, RBC, HCT, MCHC, PLT, AST, TBIL, Cr, UA, Urea, K, Na, Ga, TP, GLU, TC, TG, γ-GT, Gender, HTN, CAD, RI as feature indicators.On the basis of these indicators, we built five ML models. We ranked the significance of all variables in the LightGBM model to comprehend the role of each better. The findings revealed that the five most critical characteristics of the model, TP, TBIL, Na, Lymph, and UA, contributed considerably to the prediction outcomes .We also figured out the saprophytic additivity explanation (SHAP) values of the LightGBM for different types of drugs to find the most important factors that drive model predictions. Previous research has extensively discussed the significance of medication , 25. HowAmlodipine belongs to CCB, and several international, large-scale clinical investigations have proved its safety and efficacy in middle-aged and older populations. These studies include VALUE, ALLHAT, and ASCOTA –30. It aP < 0.05), suggesting that secondary erythrocytosis occurs in hypertensive patients and may induce an increase in blood viscosity. The MPV of the hypertensive group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), indicating that evaluating PLT and platelet parameters might be employed as hypertension preventive and therapy detection indications in the elderly. Blood potassium, sodium, liver and kidney function, blood glucose, lipids, and other factors are all examined in blood biochemistry. If the test results show low blood potassium, secondary hypertension is possible. The detection of blood glucose and blood lipids may assist in determining if there are additional risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, and the evaluation of liver and kidney function is beneficial for physicians to pick antihypertensive drugs according to the patient's state. The results of these blood test indicators affect the choice of antihypertensive drugs and may guide the treatment of hypertension.Hypertension generally causes kidney, heart, and other disease abnormalities, and antihypertensive medications may alter liver function. As a result, hypertensive patients usually need their blood routine, blood biochemistry, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and other items tested. Based on the literature reports , 34, cliDespite the fact that there are defined clinical guidelines for the management of hypertension, there is still some confusion about how to treat hypertension. Therefore, we develop individualized medication by determining which characteristics influence drug selection. Our results showed that Age, SBP, DBP, Lymph, RBC, HCT, MCHC, PLT, AST, TBIL, Cr, UA, Urea, K, Na, Ga, TP, GLU, TC, TG, γ-GT, Gender, HTN, CAD, and RI were the typical indicators of the model. And among them, TP, TBIL, Na, Lymph, and UA were the five main indicators of LightGBM, which critically affected the selection of antihypertensive drugs. Wei et al.  discoverWe compared five ML algorithms, and all were tested using a 5-fold cross-validation approach. In our study, the LightGBM model had a micro-F1 value of 78.4%, significantly higher than the other four ML models. These results demonstrate the superiority of the LightGBM model for determining which antihypertension drugs will be most effective in the elderly. LightGBM is an integrated model of decision tree for classification and regression prediction. It has an excellent version in disease diagnosis, such as Rufo  using LiUndoubtedly, the findings of this research have provided some groundwork for the following study. However, the current research does have a few limitations. This research is retrospective, and there is bias in the data, which is an issue that arises in all retrospective studies. On the other hand, the treatment of hypertension in clinical practice is mainly based on administering many medications in conjunction with one another. Only three kinds of single-drug modeling with greater frequency were chosen for the prediction investigation in this particular research, which is obviously not enough. In the following sections, we will discuss the multi-label classification, which may accurately forecast various treatment regimens.This study constructed a single-drug prediction model for antihypertensive drugs based on SVM, RF, LightGBM, ANN, and NB algorithms. And we also compared the efficacy of the model with evaluation metrics such as accuracy, recall, and micro-F1 to reduce the bias caused by a single algorithm and a single evaluation metric to some extent. The results showed that LightGBM predicted the best results compared with other algorithms, with a micro-F1 value of 78.4%. We also used feature importance ranking and SHAP values to enhance the interpretability of the model. We suggest that “increased Na, TBIL, and Ca, and decreased γ-GT and TC” can be prioritized for Perindopril, and “higher ALT and SBP, lower AST, TBIL, and Urea” can be prioritized with Amlodipine, “higher levels of UA, low levels of SBP, Lymph, HCT, and Na” can be prioritized for Furosemide. The study included patients from multiple medical institutions, and the study's results may help clinicians provide decision support in prescribing antihypertensive drugs to patients.The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.TW and WZ contributed to the conception and drafting of the study. YY helped to develop new techniques and programs. Data analysis by TW, SX, JT, and CY. The final text was reviewed and approved by all writers.This study has been financially supported by the College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, China, Student Research and Innovation Experiment Project (YJSZHYX202120).The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.


This study describes the global epidemiology and trends associated with neck pain. Global Burden of Disease data collected between 1990 and 2019 were used to determine the global burden of neck pain in the general populations of 204 countries.Global, regional, and national burdens of neck pain determined by prevalence, incidence, and years lived with a disability (YLD) from 1990 to 2019 were comprehensively analyzed according to age, gender, and socio-demographic index using the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990 and 2019 data provided by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.Globally, in 2019, the age-standardized rates for prevalence, incidence, and YLD of neck pain per 100,000 population was 2,696.5 , 579.1 , and 267.4  per 100,000 population, respectively. Overall, there was no significant difference in prevalence, incidence, or YLD of neck pain between 1990 and 2019. The highest age-standardized YLD of neck pain per 100,000 population in 2019 was observed in high-income North America , Southeast Asia , and East Asia . High-income North America  had the largest increases in YLD of neck pain per 100,000 population from 1990 to 2019. At the national level, the highest age-standardized YLD of neck pain was found in the Philippines  and the highest change age-standardized YLD between 1990 and 2019 was found in the United States . Overall, the global burden of neck pain increased with age until the age of 70–74 years, and was higher in women than men. In general, positive associations between socio-demographic index and burden of neck pain were found.Because neck pain is a major public health burden with a high prevalence, incidence, and YLD worldwide, it is important to update its epidemiological data and trends to cope with the future burden of neck pain. Neck pain is a common pain that occurs in the human body and causes not only pain but also neck pain disability and economic problems . In 2016With the increase in global aging, the prevalence and incidence of neck pain are also presumably increasing. Knowledge of the global burden of neck pain could aid in the prevention and/or management of patients at high risk of neck pain and inform policy decision making at the national level.The present study aimed to investigate the global, regional, and national burden of neck pain including prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD) between 1990 and 2019 according to age, gender, region, and country, based on analysis of GBD information provided by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). An additional aim was to investigate the burden of neck pain based on socio-demographic index (SDI), which reflects the development level of individual countries.The GBD Study is a systematic and comprehensive study of diseases worldwide. Based on data generated in this study, it is possible to compare and analyze the global, regional, and national burdens of diseases . GBD Stu*,” and “inciden*”   . From thta.org/) . GBD 201ta.org/) , 16–18.In the GBD Study, neck pain is defined as pain occurring in the cervical spine and lasting for at least 24 h, regardless of accompanying referred pain in both arms. The anatomical location of neck pain is defined based on the definition recommended by the Bone and Joint Decade 2000–2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and its Associated Disorders . In the The GBD of neck pain was evaluated as incidence, prevalence, death, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), YLDs, and years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs) . DALYs wTo investigate the association between the level of development of regions or countries and neck pain disorder, the SDI was utilized . SDI is Prevalence, incidence, and YLDs of neck pain for both genders for 2019 are presented in High-income North America , Southeast Asia , and East Asia  had the highest age-standardized point prevalence, annual incidence, and YLD of neck pain per 100,000 population in 2019, respectively. Conversely, Australasia , Central Sub-Saharan Africa , and Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa  had the lowest age-standardized point prevalence, annual incidence, and YLD of neck pain per 100,000 population in 2019, respectively . Age-staAge-standardized point prevalence of neck pain per 100,000 population in 2019 was highest in the Philippines , United States , the United Kingdom , and lowest in New Zealand , Australia , and Djibouti  .Countries with the highest age-standardized incidence of neck pain per 100,000 population in 2019 were the Philippines , Indonesia , and the United States , whereas New Zealand , Australia , and Djibouti  had the lowest rates .Philippines , the United States , and the United Kingdom  had the highest age-standardized YLD of neck pain per 100,000 population in 2019, whereas New Zealand , Australia , and South Sudan  had the lowest rates .Percentage change in age-standardized point prevalence (ASPP), annual incidence (AI), and YLD of neck pain per 100,000 population from 1990 to 2019 differed between countries. The largest increases were in the United States , Malaysia , and Nigeria , respectively. In contrast, New Zealand , Norway , and Taiwan  showed the largest decreases .Age-standardized YLDs (number and rate) for neck pain according to age and gender are presented in In a previous study , the relWe reported the prevalence, incidence, and YLD of neck pain at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2019 and presented the age-standardized number and rate of YLD in 2019. The prevalence, incidence, and YLD of neck pain in 2019 were not significantly different from those in 1990. The global age-standardized prevalence of neck pain was 4.9% (95% CI 4.6 to 5.3) according to analysis of 2010 GBD data, 3,551.1 per 100,000 (95% UI 3139.5 to 3977.9) according to analysis of 2017 GBD data  Compare Viz Hub, The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Board at Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital. Written informed consent for participation was not required for this study in accordance with the national legislation and the institutional requirements.DS, JS, YC, and T-JS contributed to conception and design of the study. HL and T-JS organized the database. DS, HL, and T-JS performed the statistical analysis. DS and T-JS wrote the first draft of the manuscript. DS, JS, AK, LJ, LS, YC, and T-JS wrote sections of the manuscript. All authors contributed to manuscript revision, read, and approved the submitted version.This project was supported by a grant from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education . The funding source had no role in the design, conduct, or reporting of the study.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.


Essentially, the second author, Qi-Jin Feng, requested that they be removed from the paper due to disagreements over the interpretation of certain of the experiments. All the authors agree to the indicated change of authorship on this paper, and agree with the publication of this corrigendum. Therefore, the revised authors’ names on this paper, together with their affiliations, are as follows:1*, GUI-SHI LI2, PENG SHEN3, YA-NAN LI4 and FU-JIANG ZHANG1WEN-BIN LIU1Department of Joint Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211; 2Department of Joint Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000; 3Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192; 4Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Dongli Hospital, Tianjin 300300, P.R. ChinaExperimental and Therapuetic Medicine for allowing them the opportunity to publish this Corrigendum, and apologize for any inconvenience caused.The authors are grateful to the Editor of


The original article has been corrected.The article “Clinical guidelines for primary sclerosing cholangitis 2017”, written by Hiroyuki Isayama, Susumu Tazuma, Norihiro Kokudo, Atsushi Tanaka, Toshio Tsuyuguchi, Takahiro Nakazawa, Kenji Notohara, Suguru Mizuno, Nobuhisa Akamatsu, Masahiro Serikawa, Itaru Naitoh, Yoshiki Hirooka, Toshifumi Wakai, Takao Itoi, Tomoki Ebata, Shinji Okaniwa, Terumi Kamisawa, Hiroki Kawashima, Atsushi Kanno, Keiichi Kubota, Masami Tabata, Michiaki Unno, Hajime Takikawa, PSC guideline committee Members: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) Research Project, The Intractable Hepatobiliary Disease Study Group, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 53, issue 9, page 1006–1034 the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to © The Authors 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit


This study aimed to investigate the relevance of the study with the neutrophil count and lymphocyte count ratio (NLR), platelet count and lymphocyte count ratio (PLR), and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in the prognostic evaluation of colorectal cancer patients. n = 56) and the colorectal polyp group (n = 50). Analysis of the survival impact factors of patients with carcinoma of the rectum, preoperative NLR, ROW, PLR, and prognostic relationship, and comparison of NLR, PLR, and RDW diagnostic rate and expression were performed.  143 patients with colorectal cancer from January 2016 to January 2019 were selected by our hospital, and then, other 143 cases of physical examiners as normal groups were selecting to proceed colonoscopic biopsy to diagnose 106 cases of precancerous diseases related to colorectal cancer. Among them were the inflammatory bowel group (P0.05). There was no link between gender, age, aetiology, pathological type, and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (P > 0.05). Multiple variables in patients with colorectal cancer are affected by tissue categorization (poor differentiation), TNM stages , lymph node metastases, NLR, ROW, and PLR (P0.05). When compared to solo NLR, Row, and PLR diagnostics, the combination diagnosis and malignancy rates were greater, and the differences were statistically significant (P0.05). Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were greater when compared to single NLR, ROW, and PLR. When compared to the normal control group, NLR, ROW, and PLR have greater levels, and the differences are statistically significant (P0.05). The patient survival declines more slowly as PLR, NLR, and the severity of the condition rises.  Tissue type, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, NLR, RDW, and PLR had a predictive influence on patients with colorectal cancer ( NLR, ROW, and PLR combined diagnosis has high accuracy in colorectal cancer diagnosis, and the prognosis of patients with NLR, ROW, and PLR levels has a tight association; so, clinically, the above signs should be identified, and the optimal treatment time is grasped. The colorectal cancer is a higher incidence of malignant tumor disease. The mortality rate and incidence rate are high; therefore, the clinical exploration of effective methods diagnosis and the treatment is critical . StudiesNLR and RDW can reflect the system of anti-inflammatory response, tumor presence, invasion, metastasis, and recurrence, and NLR, PLR, and clinical response to the body promoted tumor and antitumor immune response' evaluation . Anothern = 56) and a colorectal polyp group (n = 50). 143 patients with rectal cancer, 76 males, 67 female, (53.6 ± 3.8) years old, tissue classification: 25 patients with low-differentiated patients, high, medium differential patients; onset: 45 cases of rectum, rising 39 cases of colon, 27 ethyl colon, 13 cases designed, and 19 cases. The research object agreed with the study; in the meanwhile, the research data are comparable (P > 0.05), and the hospital ethics committee agreed with the study. Informed consent was obtained from the patients who were participating.From January 2016 to January 2019, 143 colorectal cancer cases in our hospital were selected and other 143 cases were selected as the normal group, and colonoscopic biopsy was selected as 106 cases of precancerous lesions are related to colorectal cancer Among them were the inflammatory bowel disease group  were observed. Following the completion of the detection, the PLR value is derived using the NLR and RDW detection results. Patients are followed up on for two years by WeChat, phone, and other means, and the patient's survival time is reported.The explosion factors affecting renal cancer patients include gender, age, tissue classification, pathogenesis, TNM stage, pathological type, lymph node metastasis, NLR, RDW, PLR, and other factors.In preoperative NLR, ROW, PLR, and prognosis, add up tissue classification (low differentiation), TNM stages (III and IV), lymph node metastasis, NLR, ROW, PLR, and other factors.Calculate the calculation rate of diagnosis examples of benign and malignant patients.Add up 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 months to correspond to NLR, PLR, and RDW survival rate, respectively. PLR normal range  is , gender, age, pathogenesis, and pathological type, which has no correlation with the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (P > 0.05)  .P < 0.05) , TNM stages (III and IV), lymph node metastasis, NLR, ROW, and PLR ( < 0.05) .P < 0.05)  .P < 0.05)  .P < 0.05)  .Patient survival rates are steadily dropping as PLR and NLR levels rise in conjunction with increasingly severe conditions .The detrimental degree of colorectal cancer is severe, affecting the normal life of the patient. The current clinical research hotspot is to explore accurate diagnosis methods, improve prognosis, and reduce the degree of harm to patients , 7. SeveP < 0.05). The main causes of RDW, NLR, and PLR affect the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients, the level of inflammatory factors increased, and the risk of colorectal cancer increased. Neutral granulocytes are N2 in the tumor state, which can pass base metal protease and vascular endothelial growth factor' effect on tumor cell apoptosis, which has promoted tumor angiogenesis, and tumor progression accelerates [P0.05), sex, age, disease location, pathological type, and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients have no correlation (P0.05). A comprehensive analysis should influence clinical prognostic factors in patients with colorectal cancer, and targeted interventions, with individual treatment, improve patient survival. The appraised value of research was analyzed using NLR, PLR, and RDW in the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer and higher clinical feasibility, but this study is a retrospective analysis which included a limited number of cases. The accuracy of the results will have an impact. Following that, the sample should contain more qualified individuals who do a more in-depth investigation into immune inflammation; in order to increase the accuracy of research, lengthen the lifespan of the patient and improve the patient's quality of life.The study detected the value exploration of RDW, NLR, and PLR levels in colorectal carcinoma and analyzed the diagnosis, accuracy, and sensitivity. The results showed that there was a statistically significant significance for combined diagnosis and specificity and differences in combination diagnosis. The main reason is that Row is the platelet count and lymphocyte count ratio, and platelets can secrete due to secretion of P selector in adhesion, endothelial, and inflammatory cells, having promotion . Plateleelerates , 20. Lymelerates . In addielerates . PLR andelerates . The bodelerates . After telerates . Therefoelerates . In addiIn summary, in terms of diagnosis of colorectal cancer, NLR, ROW, and PLR combined diagnosis is with high accuracy, and prognosis of patient with high NLR, ROW, and PLR levels has a close relationship; so, clinically, the above indicators should be detected and grasped for the best treatment timing.


In the originally published article, there were errors each of the author affiliations.Affiliation 1 should have been presented as “Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China”, and not as “Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai, China”.Affiliation 2 should have been presented as “Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China”, and not as “Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China”Affiliation 3 should have been presented as “Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China”, and not as Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China”.The authors apologize for these errors and state that they do not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.


One of these, authored by the GBD 2015 Child Mortality Collaborators, addressed global, regional, national and selected subnational levels of stillbirths, neonatal, infant and under-five mortality, 1980-2015.th for neonatal mortality (A) with rates 140% higher than Chile, which had the lowest rate. For postneonatal mortality, Brazil ranked 13th with rates 120% higher than Chile, which was again the country with the lowest rate. However, the picture for the age stratum from one to four years (B) differed from the traditional infant mortality category of under one year of age, such that Brazil was in fifth place, after Chile, Uruguay, Costa Rica and Argentina.This same articleFrom this summary, readers can grade the quality of child health in Brazil over recent years. The Journal is calling for more articles discussing “Child Health in Brazil”.


Magnetoplasmonic permittivity-near-zero ( Plasmonic nanostructures are at the core of recent transformative breakthroughs in a diverse set of areas such as biosensing , waveguiaterials , promisiaterials ,14,15.p indicates that this MO effect only exists for p-polarized light) when the magnetization of the system (M) is flippedOn the other hand, magneto-optical effects in magnetophotonic nanostructures, i.e., nanostructures containing materials with magneto-optic (MO) activity , have be surface . Indeed,ly shown ,23,24.d) and d, d, and angle of incidence, Despite the advantages of MO-ondition . Contrar of data ,24. In aproblems ,26,27,28d) composed by Ag nanorods in alumina (Alz-axis here) are indicated by the subscripts ‖ and ⊥, respectively, withg oxides ,29  incident medium, commonly called prism, placed above a metallic thin film that is surrounded by the analyte medium on the opposite side. In this approach, there is an angle  above which the surface wave excited by attenuated total internal reflection ) phenomenon matches the phase of the surface plasmon wave in the metallic surface. It is just under this last phase-matching condition that SPR excitation occurs in the prism-based mechanism. In contrast, we are interested in the use of an from air . Althougfrom air . In the shown in c,d used d and An SMM-based algorithm can be used to calculate the reflectances associated with Equation , the corEquation  of Rp, the number of chromosomes that survive and pass to the next generation , we We discuss the optimization of the n from n, from where a perfect linear behavior can be seen. The corresponding sensitivity  for this structure was found as n), which, as noticed  to design magnetoplasmonic


In the published article, there was an error in the author list, and authors “Meiyu Guo, Zhenfang Yuan” were erroneously excluded. The corrected author list, affiliations, correspondence, and citations appear below.1†, Wenjun Ji1†, Meiyu Guo2, Tieci Yi1, Jie Wang1, Minghui Bao1, Yusi Gao1, Han Jin1, Difei Lu3*, Wei Ma1, Xiaoning Han1*, Jianping Li1 and Zhenfang Yuan3Lihua Hu1 Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China2 Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China3 Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China*Correspondence:Difei Luludifei3142@163.comXiaoning Handr_hanxn@126.comAuthor contributions section, and authors “Meiyu Guo, Zhenfang Yuan” were erroneously excluded. The corrected author contributions section appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the MG, WJ, TY, JW, DL, WM, JL, ZY, and XH contributed in this patient care, diagnosis, and treatment. LH, MB, YG, and HJ collected the data. LH drafted this manuscript. DL, XH, JL, and ZY revised the final version of the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Funding statement was erroneously included. The Funding statement has been removed from the published article.In the published article, a Ethics statement was erroneously included. The Ethics statement has been removed from the published article.In the published article, an In the published article, authors “Meiyu Guo, Zhenfang Yuan” were erroneously excluded from the Copyright section. The corrected Copyright section appears below.“Copyright © 2022 Hu, Ji, Guo, Yi, Wang, Bao, Gao, Jin, Lu, Ma, Han, Li and Yuan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.”The authors apologize for these errors and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.


Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology has changed in January 2022 [After nearly 15 years, the scientific Chief Editorial Team of First of all, we gratefully thank former Editor-in-Chief Roger W. Byard, former European Editor Michael Tsokos, and former North American Editor John Hunsaker III for their time and passion invested over the past 15 years in the journal — they have not only read, reviewed, and edited thousands of papers, they have also published extensively themselves and thus contributed to the reputation of the journal, too. Together with the Editorial Board, they made the journal what it is today.Secondly, we would like to thank the whole team at Springer, who gave us three “newcomers” the opportunity to follow in these big footsteps. We will do our best.Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology will continue to explore all aspects of modern-day forensics. The range of topics covered will continue to include international forensic science, medicine, nursing, and pathology, as well as toxicology, human identification, mass disasters/mass war graves, profiling, imaging and forensic radiology, forensic age estimation, policing, wound assessment, child maltreatment, sexual assault, anthropology, archeology, entomology, botany, biology, veterinary pathology, medical-historical forensic research, and DNA. We will continue to insist on high scientific quality of papers in fluent and sufficiently readable English language. We pay great attention to evaluating the mega-authorship reports and ask to limit the number of self-citations, particularly if not necessary.Now brought to the second-most important journal worldwide in forensic medicine with regard to its current impact factor by the former Editorial team, Mors auxilium vitae (Death Is Help For The Living), and looking beyond the horizon is crucial in modern forensic medicine. Interdisciplinary questions arising in the daily autopsy routine can be addressed scientifically, and forensic medicine can contribute to walk new paths. Thus, we also welcome “outside-the-box” papers, i.e., scientific research from the interface of forensic medicine and other medical disciplines — there is a significant overlap between forensic medicine and several curative disciplines, especially after a second look [ond look –5. This ond look . How doeForensic Science, Medicine and Pathology will continue to present a balance of forensic research and reviews from around the world to reflect modern advances through peer-reviewed papers, short communications, meeting proceedings, new forensic textbook comments, and case reports. Furthermore, we will open the journal to answers to forensic questions that involve interfaces with other medical disciplines, especially with regard to complications arising from performed — or necessary, but omitted — medical procedures in the broadest sense. Forensic scientists are often involved in medical malpractice lawsuits, healthcare policy, and patient safety management. Therefore, the authors have the opportunity to discuss unusual adverse events, causes of medical malpractice, and the forensic medicine approach to such an interesting field of research. The dead can teach the living.The scientific future of forensic medicine comprises not only of forensic issues, but involves interdisciplinary cooperation. We intend to be a relevant part of this future — and we can achieve this goal solely with the help of you, the authors and reviewers from all over the world!Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Claas T. Buschmann, Kiel/Lübeck, GermanyEditor-in-ChiefProf. Dr. Biagio Solarino, Bari, ItalyAssociate EditorProf. Takahito Hayashi, Kagoshima, JapanAssociate Editor


Lack of awareness of the disease is one of the most frequent symptoms (<80%) of schizophrenia, and it is accepted to have different aspects: cognitive, related to compliance, specific symptoms, and temporary. The detection of those dimensions of insight affected, allows to select and prioritize the objectives and therapeutic strategies to improve it.To develop a multidimensional scale for monitoring insight in schizophrenia patientsA scale with 9 insight dimensions has been developed: appreciation of symptoms, acceptance of the cause, clinical and functional repercussions, limitations and level of competence, expected evolution and prognosis, terapeutic, and other factors. risk of decompensation. Each dimension is weighted from 0-4 points, and the result is expressed numerically and graphically. The scale was administered to 60 patients with schizophrenia on three occasions. The initial one by two psychiatrists consecutively, and the third three months after stable treatment. Other clinical and sociodemographic variables were also collected.In the analysis, reliability, internal consistency, and intra- and interobserver reliability, logical, content, criterion and construct validity were assessed, obtaining satisfactory results in Cronbach’s coefficients and Pearson’s correlation (> 0.7 and > 0.8).The scale has good reproducibility, validity, sensitivity and utility characteristics, which allow its use in patients with schizophrenia.No significant relationships.


Historically, communicable diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis, malaria, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, influenza and, more recently, the coronavirus disease 2019, have been at the center of global health concerns and initiatives, as they are transmitted from one person to another with a variety of ways, easily spread across national borders, and threaten the lives of millions of people all over the globe. Nonetheless, it is the “invisible epidemic” of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that represents the world’s leading cause of death [NCDs, also known as chronic diseases, are characterized by non-contagious nature, multiple risk factors, a long latency period, a prolonged temporal course, functional impairment or disability, and incurability  . They arThe list of NCDs that impose heavy morbidity and mortality toll also includes neurological and mental health diseases , glaucoma and hearing loss, digestive diseases , musculoskeletal diseases , chronic kidney disease, autoimmune conditions, and others . Importantly, NCDs increasingly affect poor countries, deprived societies, and the poorest people within all nations, as the “westernization” of lifestyle gradually takes its toll in low- and middle-income countries, population ages, and commercial pressures for unhealthy diets and harmful habits continue to exist . Indeed,The tragedy (and opportunity) is the fact that most NCD morbidity and mortality could be prevented or delayed, and millions of people could live longer, healthier and happier lives . SeveralImportantly, it is estimated that most NCD deaths can be prevented by eliminating the most important modifiable factors , particuNCDs will be the predominant global public health challenge of the 21st century . Health


In the published article, there was an error in affiliation 1. Instead of “Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Shanghai Putuo District, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China”, it should be “Department of Cardiology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China”.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


BackgroundHuman blood is an essential human element for which no substitute has yet been discovered. This study aims to determine the causes of discarding blood and its components.Material and methodsA retrospective study of three years  was performed in a tertiary care hospital blood bank. Data were retrieved from the various registers and analysed.ResultsDuring this study, a total of 3280 units, 1868 units, and 486 units of whole blood were collected in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. It was observed that the discard rate of whole blood was 9.48%, 17.23%, and 43% in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The discard rate for components varied, such as for packed red blood cells (PRBC), it was 1.76% in 2018, 1.73% in 2019, and 3.03% in 2020, for fresh frozen plasma (FFP), it was 4.08% in 2018, 4.36% in 2019, and 2.20% in 2020, and for platelets, it was 43.08% in 2018, 31.56% in 2019, and 45.03% in 2020. A total of 311, 322, and 209 units of whole blood were discarded in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The total whole blood and blood components were discarded for various reasons such as undiagnosed sterility , quality control, underweight, hemolysis unit, expiry, and polycythemia.ConclusionThe wastage of stored blood and its components is inevitable. Still, it can be minimised by optimum utilisation and implementation of blood transfusion services (BTS) along with the education and training of blood bank staff. There are various reasons for the wastage of blood and its components, such as unscreened transfusion-transmitted diseases, sterility, storage, less bleeding, expiry, hemolysis samples and polycythemia. Self-regular audits, coordination between hospital and blood bank staff, proper storage and handling of blood units, strict donor selection and deferral criteria, along with appropriate history taking, will help minimise the wastage of blood or its components. Human blood is an essential element of human life and there is no artificial substitute for blood that has been discovered yet. As its availability is limited, blood transfusion services (BTS) play a vital role in any national health service delivery system. Thus, the availability of safe and adequate blood saves lives and prevents the wastage of this valuable resource. Human blood is categorised as a “drug” under section 3(b) of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 in India -4. For mThis is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology of S. Nijalingappa Medical College and HSK Hospital and Research Center, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India, to find out the various causes of the discarding of blood and its components in the blood bank of a tertiary care hospital for three years from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020. The selection of blood donation was made according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) selection criteria. Data were retrieved from various registers like the donor register, discard register, transfusion-transmitted diseases (TTDs) register, and components preparation register. The rationale for discarding blood and its components was analysed.Components preparations and discard of blood bags were done according to standard operating procedures and guidelines laid by National Aids Control Organisation (NACO), India, and our blood bank guidelines. The present study includes blood units discarded for various reasons like TTDs, seroreactivity, expired components, less bleed, breakage, clotted bag, hemolysed samples, and units sent for quality checks (QC). At the same time, no exclusion criteria were followed for the selection of the samples.All data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 . All categorical data were represented as frequency and percentages.A total of 3280 units, 1868 units, and 486 units of whole blood were collected in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The various components such as packed red blood cells (PRBC), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and platelets were prepared. In 2018, 3946 units of PRBC and FFP, along with 1408 units of platelets, were prepared. In 2019, 3577 units of PRBC and FFP and 1302 units of platelets were prepared. Similarly, in 2020, 2772 units of PRBC and FFP, along with 635 units of platelets, were prepared , hepatitis C virus (HCV), Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL), India), quality control, underweight, hemolysed unit, expiry, and polycythemia and average discard rates are shown in Table Similarly, a total of 844, 629, and 431 units of blood components  were discarded in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The discard rate of blood components was highest and lowest in 2018 and 2020, respectively. Among all three components, platelets have a high discard rate for all three years  of the 3280 units, 322 17.23%) of the 1868 units, and 209 (43%) of the 486 units of whole blood were discarded in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The average discard rate for whole blood in the present study was 23.23%, which was higher than in studies by Suresh et al. (5.7%), Bobde et al. (6.63%), Sharma et al. (4.46%), and Kanani et al. (3.5%) ,11,7..23% of tThe various reasons for the discard of blood are seropositive for transfusion-transmissible infections (TTI) like HIV, HBsAg, HCV, VDRL, India, testing for syphilis, sterility , less bleeding (underweight), expiry, hemolysed sample, and polycythemia -15. Our The limitation of our study was less bleeding/underweight blood bags because of phlebotomy failure like the collapse of veins, uneasiness, vomiting, perspiration, hematoma formation, and fainting during donation. Such blood bags are unsuitable for transfusion as there is a mismatch between the amount of blood collected and the anticoagulant used in the bag. Such collection usually happens in blood donation camps. It can be prevented by the proper selection of healthy donors, motivation of donors, and adequate training of phlebotomy staff . In the The wastage of blood and its components is inevitable, but it can be minimised by optimum utilisation and implementation of BTS along with the education and training of blood bank staff. There are various reasons for the wastage of blood and its components, such as sterility, storage, less bleeding, expiry, hemolysed sample, and polycythemia. Self-regular audits, coordination between hospital and blood bank staff, proper storage and handling of blood units, strict donor selection and deferral criteria, along with proper history taking, will help minimise the wastage of blood and its components.


Neisseria gonorrhoeae, as laboratory tests may have low sensitivity. The case reinforces the importance of clinical diagnosis showing the triad, “tenosynovitis, polyarthralgia, and dermatitis",A 35-year-old man from Rio de Janeiro, reported painful skin lesions breaking out on his right hand, seven days prior, in addition to fever and pain while walking. He presented with no history of trauma, headache, dysuria, urethral discharge, any comorbidities or use of medication, and admitted engaging in unprotected sex in the previous month. On physical examination, he was normotensive, with normal heart rate, and febrile (39°C). Vesicles with hemorrhagic content were observed on an erythematous base in the palmar region and dorsum of the right middle finger . Arthral


PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because Additionally, after this article was published, it was noted that the names of Kexin Zhang and Changzhong Liu appear incorrectly in the author list. At the time of retraction, this article was republished to provide the correct names and citation.IUH, CL, ATKZ, and AMA did not agree with the retraction. AK, RI, KZ, SA, and AAH either did not respond directly or could not be reached.


Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is still the most prevalent type of osteonecrosis with clinical relevance. In Brazil, bisphosphonate use is high but there is a lack of epidemiological studies on BRONJ. To determine the clinical profile of BRONJ in a Brazilian population through an integrative review. Integrative review of BRONJ in a Brazilian population. Cases and clinical research on Brazilians with BRONJ between 2010 and 2019, indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS were reviewed. Age, sex, type and time of bisphosphonate intake, administration route, related diseases, region of the BRONJ, diagnostic criteria, staging, triggering factor and type of treatment were analyzed. Fifteen articles on 128 subjects were included. Most patients were women (82.03%); the mean age was 63 years. Intravenous zoledronic acid was mostly used (62.50%), for breast cancer treatment (46.87%). The main localization of BRONJ was the mandible (54.68%), associated mainly with tooth extractions (45.98%). The diagnostic criteria were clinical (100%) and radiographic (89.06%), mostly in stage II (68.08%). The surgical treatments were sequestrectomy (37.50%) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (36.71%). Microbial control was done using chlorhexidine (93.75%) and infection control using clindamycin (53.90%). BRONJ had higher prevalence in Brazilian women receiving treatment for breast cancer and osteoporosis. The mandible was the region most affected with a moderate stage of BRONJ, particularly when there were histories of tooth extraction and peri-implant surgery. Sequestrectomy with additional drugs and surgical therapy was the treatment most accomplished. Therefore, bone remodeling and deposition of physiological bone matrix are also affected.,,,,,,,,,In 2014, there was a change in the nomenclature for this disease, to take into account its relationship with other drugs. The names currently used follow the pattern [medication]-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. This relates to the use of anti-resorptive and antiangiogenic medications,Although, as mentioned before, other medications relating to maxillary osteonecrosis do exist, BPs are still the most relevant drugs in relation to osteonecrosis of the jaws.The clinical profile of BRONJ and treatment protocols can vary according to specific demographic factors. Therefore, there is a need for population-specific studies. However, there are no studies in the literature reporting on the features of BRONJ and its treatment in Brazil.This integrative review aimed to determine the clinical profile of osteonecrosis of the jaw exclusively associated with bisphosphonate therapy in the Brazilian population.The guiding question of this review was: What are the clinical features of BRONJ in the Brazilian population that determine its clinical profile?The inclusion criterion for this integrative review was that publications relating to Brazilian individuals would be included: these could include case reports, case series and clinical studies. Over the last decade, the nomenclature, staging and treatment method for BRONJ have undergone changes. This review considered articles either in English or in Portuguese that were published between January 2010 and April 2019. Articles that comprised review of the literature, laboratory analyses, letters to the editor, studies conducted on animal studies and research that did not involve Brazilians were excluded.The variables selected were the following: age, sex, type of bisphosphonate used, duration of use of bisphosphonates until disease manifestation, route of administration, underlying disease that led to indication for drug use, oral region affected by BRONJ, clinical criteria for diagnosis of BRONJ, clinical staging according to the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS),Four online databases were searched for articles: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science are international databases that have a search filter for the nationality of the articles, and this was used after the initial search. LILACS is a Latin American database with descriptors in the English and Portuguese language. We used the country identification tool for the Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS, and for PubMed we add the descriptor “Brazil”. The descriptors entered in the databases are described below.“osteonecrosis” and “bisphosphonate” and “Brazil” for PubMed.“osteonecrosis” and “bisphosphonate” for Web of Science and Scopus“osteonecrosis” and “bisphosphonate” and “bisphosphonate or “diphosphonate” and “osteonecrosis” for Lilacs.The selection of the articles that were assessed in full for the analysis on each of the variables of this review is described in ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Fifteen studies were included .4,5,9,16,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.The commonest diagnoses relating to BRONJ were: breast cancer, in 60 individuals,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,The types of BPs most related to BRONJ were: zoledronic acid ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Regarding the location of the BRONJ, the mandible was the most affected by BRONJ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,The main diagnostic criterion was clinical evaluation of bone exposure,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,The local trigger factors for BRONJ were the following: tooth extraction,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,According to the AAOMS classification, three individuals (2.12%) presented stage 0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,There was a lack of detailed information about the types of treatment and management used in these cases reported from Brazilian populations. The treatment most reported was sequestrectomy,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,The topical medication most used for treatment of BRONJ was chlorhexidine solution,,The cases of BRONJ in Brazil showed that 103 individuals (80.47%) received BPs intravenously as part of their cancer treatment. The other 25 (19.53%) received BPs orally as osteoporosis treatment. In North American populations, similar results were observed, i.e. BRONJ developed mainly in individuals who were undergoing oncological treatment intravenously.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,The oral route for BPs is more used for controlling osteoporosis: not only in Brazil,,,,,,,,,,,In addition to the type of diagnosis of the disease and type of BP, surgical manipulation of the jawsAmong the triggering factors for BRONJ, implant surgery still remains a matter of controversy in the literature.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Among the jaw bones, the chance of developing BRONJ is twice as high in the mandible as in the maxilla.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,The fact that women have been found to be more affected by BRONJ, both in Brazil and in the rest of the world,Therefore, it is important for medical specialists such as mastologists and/or gynecologists to be aware that patients who use BPs are at greater risk of developing BRONJ. One preventive measure could be to refer patients for dental assessment, before or during the first months of prescription of BPs, in order to eliminate some foci of infection that can expose these patients to the risk of developing BRONJ.,,,,,,,,,,,,This integrative review identified that the majority of the Brazilian cases were diagnosed during stage 2 of BRONJ, and this is similar to findings from other countries.The diagnosis of BRONJ in these Brazilian cases was clinical in all of them. Since 2014, AAOMS has recommended the use of complementary imaging tests to finalize the staging and evaluate possible bone alterations that can precede BRONJ. Despite this recommendation for concomitant use of computed tomography (CT) as the most appropriate examination, the present review identified that only 40.62% of the cases were diagnosed by means of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). This suggests not only that there is probably a lack of knowledge of indication of 3D imaging such as CBCT to perform better examinations, but also that there is a lack of local resources or else that these examinations have a high cost. The radiographic evaluation criterion was not included in this integrative review because of the lack of detailed information in the studies selected.,,In addition, it is important to mention that, although AAOMS recommends that BRONJ should be diagnosed using clinical and imaging methods, we would emphasize that there is a need to make differential diagnoses in relation to other lesions with clinical signs of bone exposure, such as bone metastases and clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma in the jaw through histopathological analysis.,,The etiology and progression of BRONJ are related to infection and inflammation.,,,,,Among the types of treatment mentioned earlier, surgical treatment is widely used in different populations around the world.The limitation of the present study was its inability to provide detailed information about the location of BRONJ, type and dose of medications, radiographic features, biopsy and follow-up because of the lack of detailed information in the studies selected. In addition, there were no randomized studies or investigations on BRONJ in Brazilian populations. For this reason, we suggest that such studies need to be conducted and need to provide detailed information, as mentioned earlier.The manifestation of BRONJ in this Brazilian population was greatest in the mandibles of younger females, with greater associations with breast cancer and osteoporosis. The major risk factor was previous exodontia, and BRONJ was diagnosed mainly in the intermediate staging (II). Surgical intervention was the treatment most commonly used among these Brazilian patients. This review identified greater use of chlorhexidine solution and prescription of clindamycin as the first-choice antibiotic therapy. PRP was the complementary therapy most used.


In the present study, the influence of spatial confinement on the bond length as well as dipole moment, polarizability and (hyper)polarizabilities of HeH The HeHBerkeley ,4,5. Mortronomy) . All thanomy) [+ ,14,15,16inter alia, an increase of the total energy of the considered chemical object [The main goal of the present work is to analyze the impact of spatial confinement on the geometry and electric properties, i.e., dipole moment, polarizability as well as first and second hyperpolarizability, of HeHpressure . The spapressure ,26,27,28pressure ,20,28. Bl object ,30, sepal object ,32,33, sl object ,35 as wel object ,43,44,45l object  and IR fl object . The cyli-th electron. The sum of one-electron contributions, that are described by Equation (N is the number of electrons. By changing the In the present study, the spatial confinement was modelled by the harmonic oscillator potential of cylindrical symmetry: Vconf(r→iVconf(r→iIn all calculations the CCSD method was employed. The geometry of the isolated HeHs et al.  The geomr scheme , with thr scheme .R value. Note that we were not able to optimize the HeHThe first step in our study was to analyze how the choice of the basis set affects the bond length of HeH283 a.u.  The findThe HeH systems ,51,52,53 systems ,35.In this work, the calculations of electric properties for the spatially restricted HeH reports ,52,53,54 methods ,13. The In summary, in the present study we analyzed the influence of spatial confinement in the form of cylindrically symmetric harmonic oscillator potential, that can be used to model high pressure conditions, on the geometry and electric properties of HeH


Heavy metals are common environmental contaminants that are toxic, non-biodegradable, and bioaccumulative. They can bioaccumulate through the food chain and present a risk to both public health and ecology. Therefore, this study takes the mangrove wetland of Dongzhai Harbor as an example. The concentrations of heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the surface sediments of mangrove wetlands were measured to reveal their distribution, the contamination level was assessed, and the sources of contamination were analyzed. The distribution of Cr, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Cd concentrations are: Yanfeng East River > Sanjiang River > Yanzhou River > Yanfeng West River, while the As concentration in the Yanfeng West River is greater than that in the Yanfeng East River. According to the correlation analysis, the concentrations of Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Cd are significantly and positively correlated with total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and salinity (SAL) and shared a significantly negative correlation with pH. There is moderate contamination risk of As and slight contamination risk of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in most regions within the study area. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn exhibit the same sources, which are mainly influenced by human sources such as aquaculture, agricultural cultivation, and livestock farming, while the source of As comes from aquaculture. Mangroves are widely distributed in the upper intertidal zone of the tropics and subtropics, with high productivity and rapid sedimentation rates . Under tThe fine-grained sediments of mangrove wetlands are rich in organic matter and are prone to accumulating HMs from rivers and tidal waters, which is considered an important “HM sink” . The speHMs have attracted worldwide attention as one of the most serious potential human contaminations in mangrove ecosystems . With thHainan Dongzhai Harbor Mangrove National Nature Reserve is the earliest established mangrove wetland with the most resources and the richest tree species in China . In recegeoI) and potential ecological risk index , total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN)) and HM elements were analyzed. On this basis, the geo-accumulation index , a drowned valley harbor, located in the northeast of Hainan Island, has the largest continuous mangrove wetland in China . The Zhu2 ,20. The 2 . The ann2 . The annSampling sites were set up to collect surface sediment samples in the mangrove wetlands on both banks of the Yanfeng West River, Yanfeng East River, Sanjiang River, and Yanzhou River in Dongzhai Harbor, with 20 sampling sites from upstream to downstream in each river and a total number of 80 sampling sites. The sampling sites were set up by taking into account topography, hydrological patterns, mangrove density, settlement distribution, and tidal influence. Samples were collected during the summer low tide in August 2020. Each sample was collected from three points near the sample site and mixed, with a soil weight of at least 1 kg. Surface sediments (approximately 0–20 cm) were collected using a sediment Peterson grab sampler. Branches, leaves, and other debris were picked out and stored in polyethylene bags. The surrounding environmental conditions were recorded. The sampling apparatus was cleaned before each sampling.The sediment samples were freeze-dried, ground, and passed through 0.25 mm and 0.075 mm sieves, respectively, and then stored at room temperature for backup. The test indexes were as follows: pH, SAL, TOC, TN, TP, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The pH, SAL, TOC, TN, and TP tests were done at the School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan). The tests of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were done at Aoshi Mineral Laboratory, Guangzhou. The dried sediments were extracted at a water-to-soil ratio of 1 to 5, and the pH and SAL of the sediments were measured in the supernatant using a portable water quality multi-reference meter  . TOC and3: HCl = 1:3, Analytical Reagent, Charlotte, NC, USA). Next, 10 mL of HF  was added, and the reaction was heated in an oven . The solution was then evaporated until nearly dry. After the residual solution was diluted with HF and fixed, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry , while As was determined by atomic fluorescence spectroscopy  [The HMs were tested as follows: firstly, 1 g of the sample was weighed into a Teflon tube and then the sample was pre-oxidized with 10 mL of aqua regia (volume ratio HNOgeoI), a method proposed by German scientist Muller in 1969 for studying the quantitative index of the contamination level of each HM in sediments, fully takes into account human contamination, environmental geochemical background concentrations, and factors of natural diagenesis [n in the sedimentary rocks [geoI, the degree of HM contamination was divided into seven levels, as shown in The geo-accumulation index  > Cu (0.44) > Ni (0.43) > Cr (0.35) > Zn (0.32) > As (0.21) > Pb (0.19). The value of the coefficient of variation of Cd, Cu, and Ni is larger than 0.36, indicating that their concentrations varied greatly in different areas. Comparing the HM concentrations of the sample with the background values of the Dongzhai Harbor sediments, the concentrations of Cd and Pb were 94% and 109% of the background values, respectively, suggesting that they were less influenced by humans . HoweverAccording to the distribution of different land use types in As shown in The high-concentration areas of Cd are mainly located in the Yanfeng East River and the estuary of the Sanjiang River. Cd is usually derived from phosphate fertilizer and may be released into the sediments through the application of phosphate fertilizer . There aThe concentration of HMs in sediments depends not only on natural transportation and human emissions, but also on a variety of factors, such as the surface patterns of the sediments, organic matter, mineral fraction, and depositional environment of the sediments . The mangeoI of both to be at the no contamination level. As, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Zn are all contaminated to varying degrees, with As showing the highest level of contamination, reaching moderate levels.The results of the geo-accumulation index  showed tAs shown in The results of the RI indicate that 40% of the sampling sites were at low risk, while 60% of the sampling sites were at moderate risk. At present, the mangrove wetlands in Dongzhai Harbor are at moderate and low risk. There is no sign of considerable and very high risk. Aquaculture and agriculture as anthropogenic sources of heavy metals can increase HM concentration in sediments ,47. The p = 0 < 0.05) were performed with SPSS 26.0 to indicate that the raw data were suitable for factor analysis [In order to visualize the proximity and similarity among the HMs, a variable clustering analysis was performed on the HMs in the surface sediments . The HMsanalysis . Based oanalysis ,48. The analysis . The estanalysis . In summgeoI and The variance contribution rate of the second principal component (PC2) was 15.43%. Arsenic had a large positive load (0.975). The results of oduction . Therefo(1) The distribution of HMs in the Dongzhai Harbor mangrove wetland is extremely uneven, with the concentrations ranked as follows: Cr > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Cd. Among them, the high concentration areas of As are mainly distributed in the Yanfeng West River; the high concentrations areas of Cd are mainly distributed in the Yanfeng East River; the high concentrations areas of Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn are mainly distributed in the Yanfeng East River, the upper reaches of the Sanjiang River, the upper reaches of the Yanzhou River, and the estuary of the Yanzhou River. In general, the concentration of HMs in the study area is still at a moderately low level compared with other regions in the world, which may be related to the restriction of Hainan Province on the development of traditional industries that have a serious impact on the ecological environment.(2) The HM concentrations are closely related to the pH, SAL, TOC, TN, and TP of sediments. TOC is significantly positively correlated with Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn. pH is significantly negatively correlated with Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn. SAL is significantly positively correlated with As, Cr, Cd, Ni, Cu, and Zn. TP and TN are positively correlated with Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn.geoI showed that there are As, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Zn contamination of different degrees, while there are no risks of contamination from Cd and Pb. The degree of As contamination is the highest, reaching a moderate level, and the potential ecological risk of As is moderate in 80% of the sampling sites. The potential ecological risk of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn contamination is low. The potential ecological risk of Cd contamination is low at 75% and moderate at 25% of the sampling sites.(3) The results of the (4) The sources of HMs in the sediments of the Dongzhai Harbor mangrove wetland can be divided into two categories. For Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn, they are homogeneous and mainly originate from mixed sources such as aquaculture, agricultural cultivation, and livestock breeding. The source of As mainly comes from aquaculture wastewater, with bait and excrement contributing more to the enrichment of As.


Risk of urinary bladder cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A meta-analysis by Geng Z and Geng Q. (2022) Front. Surg. 9: 636791. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.636791A corrigendum on Incorrect AffiliationIn the published article, there was an error in affiliation [1]. Instead of “Department of Orthopedics of Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China”, it should be “Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China”.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.


Tobacco causes premature death through cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease. It has adverse effects on all areas of health, including mental health, with an increased risk of suicide and depression ,2,3,4. TTobacco is a clear, leading preventable cause of death. Reducing tobacco consumption and exposure has become a significant public health priority. The World Health Organization (WHO) enacted the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the first international treaty in the field of health, in 2003 and is working and cooperating worldwide for tobacco control . FurtherThe most important factor in policy making, including tobacco control policies, is to investigate the current status based on accurate statistics. It is crucial to determine how tobacco-related indices, such as smoking or exposure prevalence, are generated and whether they are accurate. There have been consistent study findings that, although most countries utilize self-reported (SR) data for their official statistics, this does not accurately reflect reality .There are several methods for measuring smoking-related indices, and the most common are SR and biomarkers. SR is the most widely used method to survey populations, owing to its convenience and economic advantage and the ability to examine the indices in various situations and environments. However, tobacco use tends to be underestimated due to social desirability response bias ,10,11. IOne investigation method that is not affected by such bias is the use of biomarkers. Biomarkers are the most accurate indices for tobacco use and smoking exposure . NicotinBiomarkers overcome the subjectivity and inaccuracy of SR, can be used to identify current smokers, and reflect exposure to second-hand smoke in all places. SR-related bias can identify current smokers and individuals exposed to second-hand smoke ,16. MostTherefore, it is not necessarily the case that biomarkers are the best method. Biomarkers are, for instance, more costly than SR; thus, it is not easy to use screening for large-scale surveys. Furthermore, biomarker concentration only shows current smoking or indirect smoking exposure and severity, and cannot shed light on the details of context and situation, such as smoking habits, places, and reasons.Few developed countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Korea, and Poland, measure biomarkers in national health surveys ,22,23,24Regarding passive smoking, the United States has already set the reduction of serum cotinine concentration, as opposed to the decrease in smoking on SR, as the target in Healthy People 2030 ,25. The


Budd–Chiari Syndrome (BCS) is due to thrombosis of hepatic veins (HVs), inferior vena cava (IVC) or both, leading to impaired hepatic venous outflow. Usually, one or more prothrombotic conditions, such as myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), are found. However, a number of cases remain idiopathic ,2,3,4,5.Doppler ultrasound (US) is the main imaging method used to investigate liver dysfunction upon presentation. Historically, Doppler US for BCS diagnosis—the criteria of which is probably in need of refinement—standardized specific signs , suggestive signs , and signs shared with other conditions  . HoweverHowever, Doppler US is not always sufficient for BCS diagnosis, and further imaging is recommended (contrast-enhanced CT and/or MRI). However, despite a commendable effort to define the background of a diagnostic approach for BCS, currently, there is no universal standard for diagnosis; some recent proposals, referring to catheter venography and surgery, are debatable . MoreoveHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging diagnosis in the context of BCS. However, generally agreed criteria for HCC diagnosis in cirrhosis cannot apply to BCS. In fact, other benign or intermediate lesions, namely regenerative nodules and adenomas, can appear hypervascular in the arterial phase. Consequently, in the context of BCS, histologic confirmation should be indicated in the work-up of HCC ,20,21,22The main complications of BCS are portal hypertension and development of HCC, though the latter is rare ,4,5,6,7.Overall, previous classifications and prognostic indexes of BCS are of limited value, particularly following the widespread implementation of interventional treatments ,3,4,5,6.Provided that all the indications of BCS management are derived from retrospective studies , followiAnticoagulation is the mainstay of medical therapy, but its efficacy is limited, and it is suitable only for pauci-symptomatic cases. In fact, most cases will eventually require intervention ,2,3,4,5.Technically, TIPS is an intervention that consists of performing, through a trans-jugular access, a shunt between a hepatic vein and a portal vein branch. Initially, this procedure was applied to relief severe consequence of portal hypertension in cirrhosis. In BCS, due to thrombosis extension, TIPS is usually performed through the caval stump. However, its application to BCS has both theoretical and practical advantages. It has symptomatic and therapeutic potential since, particularly in early stages, it can revert liver congestion, the cause of disease progression in BCS. As most the studies suggest, this also allow TIPS to be effective in BCS with severe liver failure, although TIPS would be generally contraindicated in the setting of cirrhosis ,46,47,48Albeit not generally included in guidelines, traditional surgery has a role in BCS management ,53,54,55LT is the last-chance treatment for BCS, once all previous steps have failed, in cases of fulminant liver failure or HCC ,62,63,64The definition for response to therapy is a critical issue and was not stated by AASLD and EASL guidelines ,3,4,5,23However, management and the consequent outcome of BCS are due to these criteria and, according to both a European multi-center published experience and systematic review, about 2/3 of the cases receiving only medical therapy are unlikely to survive long term follow-up ,68,69.Furthermore, early intervention, in the presence of clinical portal hypertension, represents a valid alternative . In factWith regard to the ongoing debate on the timing of BCS treatment, the sustainers of the step-wise management would argue that using such criteria, TIPS for all would be not needed in 30 to 40% of patients who manage well, long term, without it (anticoagulation with or without angioplasty). Hence, they consider the basis for stepwise procedure as a true personalization based on response to treatment. Moreover, postponing TIPS would not impact survival  and the To resolve the controversies about timing of BCS treatment, two avenues of research could be taken. The former, and theoretically the simplest, is to directly compare prospectively early interventional treatment versus a step-by-step strategy. However, this trial is unlikely to be performed because it should also involve centers where the step-by-step strategy has been adopted for many years with the aim of questioning the stepwise strategy itself. Moreover, the differences of BCS in the West and in the East represent another limitation.An alternative approach could be to explore which subgroups of patients on only medical therapy would benefit from early intervention .


Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 32, Issue 18, 15 September 2004, Pages 5553–5569, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh876Following allegations of image manipulation in Figures 1A, 6C, 8B, 8C, and 8E in 2021, the journal conducted a brief investigation, referred the matter to the authors’ institution, and published an Expression of Concern. In May 2022, the institutional panel investigating the allegations concluded the figures are not authentic and the scientific integrity of the article is compromised, and they recommended retracting the article. Their report includes: ‘On the balance of probabilities, the Panel believe that these data as presented in the publication have been inappropriately manipulated. As such, the data and its interpretation are misleading and unreliable.’ The Editors of the journal are, therefore, now retracting this article.


The blue, green, pink, and red lines indicate the proportion of men and women with the eating disorders listed. This article has been corrected.1In the Research Letter titled “Analysis of Age, Race, Ethnicity, and Sex of Participants in Clinical Trials Focused on Eating Disorders,”