country,year,urban_rural,gender,age,age_group,income_quintile,account_ownership,active_use,provider,n_transactions_monthly,avg_transaction_value_usd,transaction_types,digital_literacy_score,years_active,scenario Uganda,2020,rural,female,70,55+,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,5,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,female,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,36,35-44,lowest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,13,107.82,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",7,10,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,19,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,31,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,74,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,15,62.63,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",5,12,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,female,44,35-44,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,13,79.01,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",9,5,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,25,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,4,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,39,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,29,25-34,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,38,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,1,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,female,42,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,male,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,male,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,female,30,25-34,fourth,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,male,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,female,68,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,38,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,42,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,18,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,male,17,15-24,middle,1,1,e-Mola,15,152.04,"bill_payment,international_remittance",7,4,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,female,69,55+,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,6,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,male,46,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,74,55+,middle,1,1,Paga,7,57.34,"person_to_person,savings",3,9,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,31,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,35,25-34,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,14,131.27,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",2,11,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,41,35-44,highest,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,5,6,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,34,25-34,second,1,1,FNB eWallet,10,102.05,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",3,6,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,female,62,55+,highest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,18,53.7,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",6,6,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,16,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,female,59,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,69,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,28,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,43,35-44,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,7,198.38,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,person_to_person,cash_deposit",10,7,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,48,45-54,middle,1,1,Wave,8,144.59,"savings,loan_repayment,merchant_payment,person_to_person,airtime_purchase",9,6,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,35,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,female,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,female,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,26,25-34,lowest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,39,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,52,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,male,61,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,23,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,15,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,male,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,female,34,25-34,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,63,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,male,43,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,5,123.46,"international_remittance,savings",3,14,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,45,35-44,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,5,141.25,"savings,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",8,7,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,female,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,57,55+,second,1,1,M-Pesa,8,25.58,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,savings,person_to_person,cash_deposit",8,17,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,73,55+,second,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,49,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,female,63,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,48,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,52,45-54,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,22,15-24,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,12,75.31,"savings,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",5,2,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,male,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,41,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,1,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,male,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,37,35-44,second,1,1,Airtel Money,12,40.49,"bill_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment",3,14,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,51,45-54,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,female,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,49,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,male,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,female,23,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,7,10,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,female,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,male,60,55+,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,60,55+,second,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,5,9,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,female,69,55+,lowest,1,1,Wave,10,109.1,"person_to_person,bill_payment,merchant_payment,savings",9,9,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,72,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,91.2,"airtime_purchase,savings,merchant_payment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",1,8,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,110.2,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,loan_repayment",8,6,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,18,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,17,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,59,55+,middle,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,8,1,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,28,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,male,57,55+,highest,1,1,Orange Money,10,205.33,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,merchant_payment",10,3,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,37,35-44,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,30.54,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,person_to_person",8,10,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,1,1,Wave,3,46.43,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment",10,1,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,48,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,13,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,25,15-24,middle,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,9,14,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,72,55+,middle,1,1,Tigo Pesa,8,129.81,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit",3,8,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,17,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,20,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,72,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,53,45-54,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,6,87.87,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,person_to_person,international_remittance",5,9,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,70,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,male,58,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,24,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,36,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,14,45.98,"savings,person_to_person,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",10,5,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,male,65,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,male,17,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,male,48,45-54,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,74,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,1,1,Tigo Pesa,4,153.76,"person_to_person,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",2,1,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,74,55+,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,255.55,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",3,6,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,25,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,male,22,15-24,highest,1,1,Wave,10,130.69,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",10,1,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,38,35-44,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,male,44,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,31,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,27,25-34,lowest,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,4,15,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,34,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,female,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,66,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,68,55+,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,25,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,61,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,52,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,24,15-24,middle,1,1,TNM Mpamba,5,30.33,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment",7,7,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,female,21,15-24,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,8,82.54,"cash_deposit,savings,cash_withdrawal",6,12,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,19,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,29,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,male,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,32,25-34,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,4,91.99,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,person_to_person",9,12,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,male,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,36,35-44,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,female,44,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,38,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,52,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,38,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,54,45-54,highest,1,1,Vodapay,15,86.0,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,savings,cash_withdrawal",9,13,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,21,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,23,15-24,lowest,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,9,3,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,66,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,male,42,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,male,51,45-54,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,male,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,female,23,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,7,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,73,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,227.2,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",9,5,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,female,40,35-44,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,68,55+,highest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,8,69.96,"savings,cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",7,11,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,male,40,35-44,lowest,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,1,9,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,39,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,26,25-34,lowest,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,51,45-54,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,4,357.89,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",10,10,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,73,55+,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,119.98,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings,international_remittance",3,1,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,56,55+,second,1,1,TNM Mpamba,12,119.48,"international_remittance,savings,loan_repayment,person_to_person,cash_deposit",7,12,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,17,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,32,25-34,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,33,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,7,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,15,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,male,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,female,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,26,25-34,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,40,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,male,59,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,32,25-34,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,male,25,15-24,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,9,13,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,72,55+,fourth,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,7,12,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,52,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,73,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,5,130.29,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",3,7,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,33,25-34,lowest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,female,21,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,57,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,253.67,"cash_withdrawal,savings,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,international_remittance",8,5,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,19,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,50,45-54,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,9,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,male,35,25-34,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,4,128.63,"bill_payment,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",8,9,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,38,35-44,lowest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,female,47,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,32,25-34,second,1,1,Airtel Money,11,71.66,"airtime_purchase,savings,merchant_payment,person_to_person,bill_payment",10,6,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,26,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,12,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,male,74,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,7,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,1, PalmPay,9,68.14,"person_to_person,bill_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,international_remittance",8,5,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,64,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,5,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,female,74,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,32,25-34,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,4,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,23,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,54,45-54,highest,1,1,Paga,12,51.64,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",7,2,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,19,15-24,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,8,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,53,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,Vodapay,10,17.34,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",10,11,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,34,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,20,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,male,63,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,9,83.26,"merchant_payment,savings,bill_payment",3,2,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,25,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,8,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,58,55+,highest,1,1, PalmPay,7,59.44,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",6,13,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,female,43,35-44,highest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,4,9,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,male,40,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,60,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,1,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,15,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,56,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,8,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,60,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,15,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,40,35-44,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,8,82.85,"savings,international_remittance,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",6,12,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,female,53,45-54,fourth,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,9,187.69,"cash_withdrawal,savings,person_to_person",8,10,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,70,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,18,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,71,55+,second,1,1,Wari,12,70.12,"loan_repayment,person_to_person",10,16,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,49,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,female,18,15-24,second,1,1,Tigo Pesa,7,315.62,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",7,10,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,male,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,39,35-44,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,14,53.18,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings,merchant_payment",8,10,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,male,61,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,26,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,male,47,45-54,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,female,47,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,17,15-24,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,15,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,male,41,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,6,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,68,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,female,24,15-24,highest,1,1,Wari,10,56.54,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,savings",5,5,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,male,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,41,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,46,45-54,highest,1,1,Orange Money,10,47.6,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,cash_deposit",8,11,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,53,45-54,second,1,1,Airtel Money,4,115.72,"person_to_person,international_remittance,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings",3,7,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,57,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,4,149.66,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",3,11,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,32,25-34,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,9,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,65,55+,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,8,52.5,"savings,merchant_payment,bill_payment,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment",4,1,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,17,15-24,highest,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,female,46,45-54,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,11,39.61,"international_remittance,person_to_person,merchant_payment",4,15,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,73,55+,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,16,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,13,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,16,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,female,52,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,70,55+,second,1,1,Vodapay,13,253.57,"savings,international_remittance",6,6,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,25,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,female,62,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,58,55+,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,7,31.41,"cash_deposit,international_remittance",5,1,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,28,25-34,highest,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,19,15-24,lowest,1,1,Wave,13,137.5,"international_remittance,bill_payment,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,savings",10,12,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,male,44,35-44,lowest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,female,19,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,21,15-24,lowest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,13,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,male,63,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,female,52,45-54,second,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,10,14,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,31,25-34,fourth,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,male,25,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,71.87,"person_to_person,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",10,1,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,female,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,61,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,5,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,32,25-34,second,1,1,Vodafone Cash,7,95.18,"international_remittance,savings,cash_deposit,person_to_person",8,8,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,30,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,48,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,26,25-34,highest,1,1, PalmPay,11,143.11,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",3,1,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,72,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,female,34,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,9,134.73,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",4,13,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,39,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,9,62.82,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,international_remittance,bill_payment",10,14,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,17,15-24,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,6,173.32,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,person_to_person,merchant_payment",3,11,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,68,55+,fourth,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,1,1,Paga,8,89.21,"bill_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment",6,2,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,34,25-34,highest,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,7,683.34,"savings,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",10,12,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,37,35-44,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,9,17,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,male,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,21,15-24,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,4,26.96,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,savings,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",2,5,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,male,63,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,54,45-54,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,26.72,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",3,3,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,70,55+,fourth,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,4,15,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,15,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,female,52,45-54,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,male,48,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,52,45-54,highest,1,1,Orange Money,4,136.19,"airtime_purchase,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",10,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,38,35-44,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,7,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,23,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,male,15,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,2,5,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,female,25,15-24,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,1,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,23,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,31,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,male,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,44,35-44,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,7,73.58,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,savings,merchant_payment",5,11,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,54,45-54,second,1,1,FNB eWallet,12,162.89,"cash_deposit,international_remittance",10,3,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,male,32,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,52.38,"savings,airtime_purchase",3,2,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,male,49,45-54,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,20,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,77.48,"international_remittance,bill_payment",10,5,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,37,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,male,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,female,31,25-34,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,11,133.2,"savings,loan_repayment,bill_payment",9,8,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,23,15-24,second,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,6,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,23,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,male,55,45-54,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,30,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,48,45-54,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,60,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,13,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,female,30,25-34,highest,1,1,Tigo Pesa,18,73.06,"merchant_payment,savings,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",5,2,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,60,55+,fourth,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,9,1,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,35,25-34,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,86.19,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",8,11,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,44,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,female,31,25-34,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,4,33.13,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase",7,4,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,46,45-54,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,15,128.3,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person",6,9,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,17,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,male,39,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,14,240.99,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,international_remittance",8,9,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,male,15,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,34,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,44,35-44,highest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,2,9,low_burden Uganda,2019,urban,female,34,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,16,48.18,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,loan_repayment",7,3,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,male,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,6,34.42,"savings,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",10,6,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,57,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,female,62,55+,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,9,206.74,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,savings,international_remittance",3,6,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,female,18,15-24,highest,1,1,Wave,17,45.98,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,merchant_payment",10,6,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,55,45-54,second,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,male,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,39,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,female,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,17,167.65,"savings,bill_payment,loan_repayment",2,1,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,24,15-24,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,16,104.66,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,bill_payment",4,12,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,19,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,60,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,female,40,35-44,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,35,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,16,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,33,25-34,lowest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,female,74,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,63,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,16,78.79,"loan_repayment,savings,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",4,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,male,56,55+,fourth,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,9,6,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,58,55+,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,11,244.06,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",6,9,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,35,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,3,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,57,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,18,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,4,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,58,55+,fourth,1,1,FNB eWallet,8,130.89,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,person_to_person",3,9,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,7,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,45,35-44,fourth,1,1,Vodapay,7,88.71,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,savings,loan_repayment",7,13,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,male,28,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,15,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,14,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,58,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,female,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,57,55+,middle,1,1,Moov Money,10,27.82,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,savings,bill_payment",7,1,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,female,51,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,25,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,male,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,19,15-24,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,8,114.99,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,bill_payment",6,7,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,33,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,70,55+,highest,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,63,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,male,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,29,25-34,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,male,73,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,9,53.25,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",6,6,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,60,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,9,65.67,"airtime_purchase,savings",6,12,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,41,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,12,75.33,"person_to_person,savings",3,10,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,48,45-54,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,5,234.12,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment",9,12,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,female,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,female,45,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,64,55+,fourth,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,20,86.97,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,savings",10,4,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,66,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,31.94,"bill_payment,loan_repayment",1,9,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,male,36,35-44,fourth,1,1,e-Mola,4,181.14,"bill_payment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,person_to_person",8,9,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,48,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,34,25-34,highest,1,1,Moov Money,9,115.92,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",3,15,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,46,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,46,45-54,second,1,1,Airtel Money,11,160.02,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",5,3,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,43,35-44,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,40,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,male,46,45-54,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,247.28,"international_remittance,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,merchant_payment",10,4,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,20,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,22,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,16,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,60,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,16,15-24,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,28,25-34,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,11,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,female,18,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,40,35-44,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,5,7,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,69,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,57,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,65,55+,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,6,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,15,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,284.69,"cash_deposit,savings,merchant_payment",6,10,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,female,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,60,55+,middle,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,male,40,35-44,second,1,1, PalmPay,18,59.29,"person_to_person,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",10,9,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,43,35-44,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,1,13,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,52,45-54,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,5,32.55,"international_remittance,person_to_person,merchant_payment",7,10,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,42,35-44,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,38,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,58,55+,lowest,1,1,e-Mola,11,124.33,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",5,5,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,25,15-24,middle,1,1, PalmPay,9,64.07,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment,savings,airtime_purchase",6,3,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,57,55+,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,6,7,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,25,15-24,middle,1,1,OPay,13,91.32,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,person_to_person",10,14,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,17,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,male,18,15-24,highest,1,1,Wari,9,51.65,"savings,merchant_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit",8,15,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,23,15-24,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,11,143.71,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",5,10,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,male,58,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,male,67,55+,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,14,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,male,44,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,25,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,31,25-34,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,24,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,35,25-34,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,9,6,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,female,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,46,45-54,fourth,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,male,68,55+,lowest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,3,9,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,63,55+,middle,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,7,11,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,male,17,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,13,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,female,66,55+,highest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,8,3,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,72,55+,fourth,1,1,Paga,9,95.47,"airtime_purchase,person_to_person",3,1,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,male,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,male,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,female,49,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,male,31,25-34,lowest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,11,92.22,"international_remittance,person_to_person,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",5,10,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,52,45-54,highest,1,1,Wari,6,32.61,"bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings,person_to_person",8,2,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,female,23,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,female,32,25-34,lowest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,male,47,45-54,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,16,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,male,71,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,11,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,35,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,1,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,37,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,20,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,48,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,28,25-34,second,1,1,e-Mola,9,154.93,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,cash_deposit,savings,bill_payment",10,2,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,68,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,4,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,52,45-54,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,24,15-24,middle,1,1,Orange Money,10,87.44,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",9,6,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,female,54,45-54,second,1,1,Airtel Money,8,146.67,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",4,12,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,39,35-44,highest,1,1,Orange Money,10,28.67,"person_to_person,merchant_payment",5,2,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,60,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,Vodafone Cash,8,77.6,"loan_repayment,bill_payment",6,7,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,74,55+,highest,1,1,FNB eWallet,15,65.85,"savings,loan_repayment,international_remittance,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",2,7,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,70,55+,lowest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,17,15-24,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,11,76.64,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase",9,6,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,39,35-44,lowest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,female,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,42,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,10,178.29,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",4,1,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,23,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,47,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,24,15-24,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,9,6,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,52,45-54,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,42,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,67,55+,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,female,41,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,55,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,37,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,male,15,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,5,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,female,70,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,126.4,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment",8,12,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,53,45-54,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,4,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,female,36,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,2,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,66,55+,highest,1,1,OPay,10,75.82,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,loan_repayment",10,9,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,44,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,male,33,25-34,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,102.02,"savings,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",8,9,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,26,25-34,lowest,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,15,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,female,43,35-44,middle,1,1,telebirr,8,39.71,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,savings,cash_deposit",2,5,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,48,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,female,55,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,female,63,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,male,25,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,female,65,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Birr,20,58.77,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,cash_deposit,savings,loan_repayment",5,4,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,46,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,17,15-24,fourth,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,7,198.4,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,person_to_person,cash_deposit",10,1,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,43,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,52,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,66,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,45,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,11,74.75,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,savings",10,14,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,42,35-44,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,16,200.69,"merchant_payment,bill_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",2,3,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,37,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,39,35-44,fourth,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,15,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,21,15-24,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,4,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,female,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,36,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,male,66,55+,highest,1,1,FNB eWallet,7,166.22,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",6,8,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,female,38,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,8,127.1,"savings,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",7,2,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,50,45-54,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,63,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,28,25-34,second,1,1,Airtel Money,7,123.62,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment,savings",10,5,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,59,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,5,57.74,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",2,4,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,48,45-54,second,1,1,Tigo Pesa,14,92.46,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,merchant_payment",10,5,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,31,25-34,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,32,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,6,110.14,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,savings",4,8,low_burden Ghana,2021,urban,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,1,1,Wari,14,20.95,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,bill_payment",2,6,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,33,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,20,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,3,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,23,15-24,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,20,15-24,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,67,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,45,35-44,lowest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,female,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,female,58,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,8,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,52,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,66,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,41,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,66,55+,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,male,21,15-24,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,female,52,45-54,lowest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,11,213.53,"loan_repayment,savings,cash_deposit,international_remittance,person_to_person",6,2,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,male,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,63,55+,highest,1,1,Orange Money,5,55.56,"savings,international_remittance,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",9,13,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,47,45-54,highest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,3,4,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,male,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,male,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,41,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,male,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,74,55+,second,1,1,M-Pesa,6,71.22,"savings,bill_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",10,1,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,58,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,7,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,65,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,male,25,15-24,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,96.63,"international_remittance,cash_deposit",10,1,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,male,42,35-44,lowest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,male,61,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,14,98.85,"person_to_person,savings,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",8,1,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,52,45-54,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,38,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,40,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,female,43,35-44,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,2,4,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,male,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,male,70,55+,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,3,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,70,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,6,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,33,25-34,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,1,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,male,74,55+,second,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,7,7,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,33,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,46,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,15,15-24,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,18,46.03,"savings,international_remittance,bill_payment",10,3,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,25,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,52,45-54,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,male,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,male,28,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,female,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,27,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,7,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,male,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,29,25-34,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,9,82.15,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,savings",10,9,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,female,68,55+,middle,1,1,Orange Money,12,144.62,"savings,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",10,6,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,60,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,6,22.0,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,international_remittance",10,7,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,58,55+,highest,1,1,Moov Money,16,46.39,"savings,international_remittance,person_to_person",4,13,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,male,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,41,35-44,second,1,1,Airtel Money,11,128.38,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings",1,12,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,15,15-24,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,7,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,53,45-54,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,7,114.82,"international_remittance,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",8,4,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,25,15-24,highest,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,19,15-24,highest,1,1,Vodapay,8,89.72,"person_to_person,international_remittance,cash_deposit",7,1,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,male,48,45-54,highest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,7,7,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,male,33,25-34,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,61,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,male,47,45-54,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,13,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,male,30,25-34,second,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,61,55+,middle,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,male,17,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,34,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,male,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,female,37,35-44,fourth,1,1,FNB eWallet,11,67.24,"international_remittance,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",8,1,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,female,36,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,3,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,30,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,59,55+,fourth,1,1,TNM Mpamba,14,115.22,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",8,12,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,60,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,1,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,45,35-44,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,female,50,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,36,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,36,35-44,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,36.44,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,cash_deposit,international_remittance",3,12,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,46,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,2,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,33,25-34,lowest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,8,69.07,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,international_remittance",7,6,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,male,60,55+,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,female,26,25-34,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,female,18,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,male,44,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,female,19,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,13,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,26,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,7,34.25,"bill_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",2,9,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,female,37,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,male,15,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,female,28,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,female,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,female,37,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,male,68,55+,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,20,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,58,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,50,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,53,45-54,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,8,68.05,"international_remittance,loan_repayment",8,5,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,55,45-54,fourth,1,1,Tigo Pesa,9,54.56,"savings,bill_payment,merchant_payment,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",6,8,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,male,18,15-24,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,16,159.33,"loan_repayment,savings,person_to_person",8,9,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,34,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,38,35-44,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,12,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,67,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,female,47,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,46,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,6,97.26,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,person_to_person,loan_repayment",10,2,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,72,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,20,71.89,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,savings,cash_withdrawal",6,15,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,53,45-54,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,female,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,63,55+,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,7,144.27,"person_to_person,loan_repayment",3,6,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,55,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,61,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,6,42.25,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,savings",5,3,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,58,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,69,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,10,99.12,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",4,13,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,female,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,17,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,52,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,male,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,47,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,67,55+,highest,1,1,Orange Money,6,70.01,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,person_to_person",2,2,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,15,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,68,55+,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,53,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,49,45-54,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,17,158.05,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,savings",4,3,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,female,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,32,25-34,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,9,110.34,"bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",5,9,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,73,55+,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,9,221.11,"international_remittance,loan_repayment,savings",7,1,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,43,35-44,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,16,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,15,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,7,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,61,55+,middle,1,1,Vodapay,9,106.41,"bill_payment,cash_deposit,person_to_person,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",3,10,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,16,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,male,68,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,28,25-34,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,6,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,32,25-34,middle,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,3,13,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,male,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,male,41,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,male,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,30,25-34,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,6,12.7,"savings,person_to_person",8,11,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,female,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,male,21,15-24,lowest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,male,22,15-24,second,1,1,Orange Money,13,78.18,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment",5,11,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,male,73,55+,middle,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,57,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,8,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,19,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,female,45,35-44,highest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,8,258.95,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",2,15,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,71,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,20,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,8,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,male,16,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,5,61.71,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,savings,airtime_purchase",3,7,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,female,63,55+,highest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,47,45-54,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,male,68,55+,lowest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,7,10,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,female,39,35-44,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,32.04,"international_remittance,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",5,13,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,62,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,132.57,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment",6,12,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,65,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,42,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,40,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,male,62,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,9,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,28,25-34,fourth,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,64,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,138.65,"bill_payment,international_remittance",6,6,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,35,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,55,45-54,fourth,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,51,45-54,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,63,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,41,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,40,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,6,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,31,25-34,second,1,1,M-Pesa,11,65.44,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment",6,4,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,41,35-44,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,87.31,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,savings,person_to_person",10,5,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,male,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,male,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,40,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,7,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,male,46,45-54,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,71,55+,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,male,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,33,25-34,fourth,1,1,Wave,10,45.11,"savings,international_remittance,loan_repayment,cash_deposit",8,9,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,51,45-54,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,5,6,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,22,15-24,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,male,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,63,55+,fourth,1,1,Wave,15,138.52,"international_remittance,airtime_purchase,person_to_person",6,8,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,male,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,1,1,OPay,10,77.59,"cash_deposit,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,savings",1,3,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,male,66,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,6,37.26,"person_to_person,merchant_payment",7,11,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,22,15-24,fourth,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,19,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,53,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,male,65,55+,second,1,1,Wari,16,100.66,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,cash_deposit,bill_payment",7,5,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,52,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,male,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,male,35,25-34,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,female,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,30,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,male,31,25-34,middle,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,60,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,male,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,58,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,57,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,10,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,50,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,male,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,37,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,6,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,56,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,4,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,male,37,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,54,45-54,second,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,28,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,male,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,72,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,10,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,36,35-44,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,13,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,43,35-44,second,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,43,35-44,lowest,1,1,Paga,20,65.21,"cash_deposit,savings",3,9,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,male,66,55+,lowest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,8,243.26,"cash_deposit,international_remittance",4,6,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,female,53,45-54,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,173.07,"bill_payment,loan_repayment",6,8,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,64,55+,middle,1,1,FNB eWallet,19,94.08,"cash_deposit,international_remittance,merchant_payment,person_to_person",3,14,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,20,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,60,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,63,55+,second,1,1,Tigo Pesa,15,106.29,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,person_to_person",7,6,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,68,55+,fourth,1,1,Tigo Pesa,9,137.79,"international_remittance,bill_payment,savings,loan_repayment",4,10,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,54,45-54,fourth,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,65,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,25,15-24,fourth,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,2,5,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,41,35-44,fourth,1,1,Vodafone Cash,6,91.22,"savings,merchant_payment",4,5,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,male,67,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,6,118.22,"savings,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,cash_deposit",6,3,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,65,55+,highest,1,1,M-Birr,7,181.98,"international_remittance,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment",10,16,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,female,15,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,73,55+,highest,1,1,Wari,11,75.41,"airtime_purchase,savings,international_remittance,person_to_person",3,1,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,30,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,12,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,female,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,271.83,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance",2,4,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,male,69,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,8,169.11,"savings,merchant_payment",1,17,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,female,64,55+,second,1,1,Tigo Pesa,9,117.52,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",6,4,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,male,61,55+,middle,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,53,45-54,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,16,77.57,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,cash_deposit,person_to_person",9,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,male,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,male,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,male,37,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,38,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,female,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,female,28,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,69,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,11,116.65,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,savings,loan_repayment",3,11,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,19,15-24,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,16,87.43,"savings,loan_repayment,person_to_person,international_remittance,bill_payment",8,9,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,24,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,62.92,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",10,3,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,68,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,22,15-24,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,35,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,17,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,52,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,8,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,57,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,15,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,72,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,45,35-44,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,12,139.33,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,loan_repayment",5,1,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,66,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,2,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,55,45-54,second,1,1,Airtel Money,4,40.58,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",1,11,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,71,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,7,61.21,"airtime_purchase,person_to_person",10,6,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,15,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,6,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,female,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,43,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,30,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,5,61.7,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,airtime_purchase,international_remittance",9,2,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,23,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,6,33.06,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,bill_payment",9,10,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,57,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,16,150.29,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",8,2,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,43,35-44,middle,1,1,Wari,6,65.4,"bill_payment,savings,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",4,1,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,male,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,44,35-44,highest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,male,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,female,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,male,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,44,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,3,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,female,21,15-24,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,male,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,male,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,39,35-44,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,5,220.7,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",7,3,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,45,35-44,middle,1,1,Moov Money,16,87.42,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",9,11,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,71,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,29,25-34,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,12,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,31,25-34,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,male,54,45-54,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,17,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,15,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,19,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,3,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,15,15-24,highest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,59,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,58,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,9,58.76,"merchant_payment,cash_deposit,bill_payment",4,3,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,female,24,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,58.83,"merchant_payment,bill_payment",10,1,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,female,25,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,49,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,28,25-34,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,37,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,18,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,female,43,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,female,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,33,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,male,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,72,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,22,15-24,middle,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,2,1,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,47,45-54,middle,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,6,6,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,66,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,male,32,25-34,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,10,103.64,"savings,bill_payment,person_to_person",9,13,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,34,25-34,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,48,45-54,fourth,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,16,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,19,15-24,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,female,47,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,40,35-44,middle,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,female,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,male,41,35-44,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,9,103.99,"savings,loan_repayment,cash_deposit",4,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,male,65,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,28,25-34,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,26,25-34,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,2,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,39,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,19,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,55,45-54,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,6,117.04,"savings,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",6,14,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,36,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,10,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,19,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,73,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,8,78.08,"airtime_purchase,person_to_person,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",1,4,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,52,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,female,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,71,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,7,263.44,"international_remittance,savings,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",3,5,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,70,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,14,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,39,35-44,second,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,7,12,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,70,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,19,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,1,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,34,25-34,lowest,1,1,OPay,15,133.12,"international_remittance,airtime_purchase",3,7,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,33,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,9,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,51,45-54,highest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,45,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,12,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,female,31,25-34,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,18,56.0,"person_to_person,international_remittance",4,9,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,35,25-34,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,25,15-24,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,71,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,54,45-54,lowest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,1,11,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,male,46,45-54,fourth,1,1,TNM Mpamba,8,53.23,"merchant_payment,bill_payment,savings,cash_withdrawal",9,10,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,17,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,40,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,61,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,36,35-44,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,74,55+,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,10,139.54,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,person_to_person,savings",4,6,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,male,17,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,55,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,57,55+,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,16,54.95,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,savings,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",3,14,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,male,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,29,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2022,urban,male,51,45-54,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,13,144.66,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",7,8,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,39,35-44,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,57,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,7,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,73,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,35,25-34,second,1,1,Airtel Money,12,173.27,"international_remittance,bill_payment",2,3,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,19,15-24,middle,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,male,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,29,25-34,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,8,11,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,25,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,2,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,32,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,male,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,34,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,18,15-24,fourth,1,1,OPay,12,175.8,"savings,international_remittance",10,6,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,female,43,35-44,highest,1,1,telebirr,15,60.1,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment",7,9,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,female,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,male,61,55+,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,15,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,53,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,male,69,55+,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,7,12,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,34,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,61,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,63,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,36,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,3,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,61,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,72,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,66,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,40,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,7,130.37,"cash_deposit,savings,international_remittance,bill_payment",9,3,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,female,48,45-54,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,38,35-44,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,9,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,male,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,female,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,72,55+,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,69,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,122.86,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment,bill_payment,international_remittance",5,7,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,70,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,62,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,24,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,15,15-24,second,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,49,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,52,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,39,35-44,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,70.3,"person_to_person,international_remittance",9,14,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,33,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,male,65,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,47,45-54,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,7,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,56,55+,middle,1,1,Orange Money,8,68.16,"international_remittance,savings,person_to_person,loan_repayment",4,4,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,70,55+,fourth,1,1,Vodapay,9,134.32,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,international_remittance,person_to_person",8,13,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,female,26,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,60,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,67.61,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment",10,11,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,female,57,55+,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,17,121.34,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",6,12,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,24,15-24,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,62,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,female,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,43,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,male,37,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,31,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,16,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,female,45,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,6,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,74,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,15,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,58,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,male,61,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,male,39,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,61,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,178.55,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",10,4,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,34,25-34,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,8,133.74,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",3,6,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,male,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,female,33,25-34,middle,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,17,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,58,55+,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,50,45-54,lowest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,15,106.34,"person_to_person,international_remittance,bill_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",5,3,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,42,35-44,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,13,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,31,25-34,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,64,55+,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,35,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,62,55+,lowest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,6,116.51,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase,person_to_person",10,14,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,female,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,male,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,female,20,15-24,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,6,54.31,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",9,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,49,45-54,second,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,3,10,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,55.23,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",7,7,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,15,15-24,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,57,55+,middle,1,1,Moov Money,6,40.25,"international_remittance,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,person_to_person,merchant_payment",10,4,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,62,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,7,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,female,58,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,5,87.2,"bill_payment,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,international_remittance",3,5,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,male,15,15-24,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,13,152.47,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,savings,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",10,6,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,44,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,53,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,49,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,male,45,35-44,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,11,97.03,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,savings,person_to_person",4,5,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,male,34,25-34,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,12,59.81,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,bill_payment",4,6,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,105.34,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",7,3,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,male,39,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,57,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,52,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,23,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,55,45-54,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,9,17,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,34,25-34,lowest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,4,167.76,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",7,8,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,17,15-24,lowest,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,40,35-44,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,173.52,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,cash_deposit,international_remittance",10,16,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,21,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,14,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,36,35-44,second,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,4,8,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,male,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,15,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,6,73.69,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,person_to_person,bill_payment",4,14,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,43,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,26,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,male,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,58,55+,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,female,44,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,4,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,male,71,55+,lowest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,7,6,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,male,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,27,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,345.83,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,merchant_payment",3,1,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,72,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,15,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,54,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,48,45-54,second,1,1,OPay,13,511.18,"merchant_payment,savings,international_remittance",6,8,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,3,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,1,1,Moov Money,5,56.23,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",8,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,41,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,19,15-24,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,35,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,31,25-34,highest,1,1, PalmPay,12,87.35,"bill_payment,person_to_person,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment",7,12,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,8,113.69,"bill_payment,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",9,8,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,23,15-24,highest,1,1,FNB eWallet,11,58.54,"person_to_person,savings",6,1,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,male,33,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,18,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,25,15-24,middle,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,male,39,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,female,20,15-24,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,17,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,54,45-54,second,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,2,14,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,female,28,25-34,second,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,female,46,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,male,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,33,25-34,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,73,55+,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,7,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,male,17,15-24,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,12,124.83,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment",7,6,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,72,55+,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,1,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,14,107.59,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",9,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,53,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,female,15,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,male,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,53,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,male,27,25-34,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,33,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,70,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,male,29,25-34,lowest,1,1,M-Birr,13,126.53,"savings,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",9,2,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,female,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,female,32,25-34,lowest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,16,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,male,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,female,19,15-24,second,1,1,M-Pesa,12,53.1,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",8,1,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,female,63,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,17,63.11,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",9,6,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,28,25-34,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,5,14,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,35,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,60,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,68,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,61,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,13,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,70,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,17,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,female,47,45-54,second,1,1,Airtel Money,6,30.76,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",7,7,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,female,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,58,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,14,246.75,"bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,cash_deposit",3,13,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,56,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,55,45-54,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,2,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,female,40,35-44,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,8,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,27,25-34,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,9,178.1,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,bill_payment",9,3,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,64,55+,fourth,1,1,Wari,11,112.34,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,loan_repayment,person_to_person",2,9,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,19,15-24,fourth,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,14,124.77,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,savings",10,4,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,29,25-34,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,6,25.41,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",10,8,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,1,1,Wave,3,47.79,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",6,9,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,male,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,35,25-34,fourth,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden DRC,2022,urban,female,29,25-34,second,1,1,Orange Money,7,86.82,"international_remittance,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",10,12,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,30,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,43,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,male,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,39,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,female,63,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,14,52.91,"international_remittance,savings",2,12,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,16,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,46,45-54,fourth,1,1,Wari,9,27.15,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",3,4,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,33,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,female,38,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,male,28,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,64,55+,second,1,1,Orange Money,10,56.32,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,international_remittance,person_to_person",10,8,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,32,25-34,highest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,4,77.24,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",4,9,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,female,28,25-34,fourth,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,10,14,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,56,55+,highest,1,1,Paga,7,77.26,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",4,5,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,male,16,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,10,174.51,"savings,international_remittance,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",9,6,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,63,55+,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,7,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,73,55+,middle,1,1,Vodapay,12,349.11,"bill_payment,loan_repayment",4,12,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,13,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,39,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,female,67,55+,lowest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,13,152.77,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,person_to_person",5,2,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,male,54,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,11,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,male,37,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,41,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,female,53,45-54,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,34,25-34,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,male,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,male,49,45-54,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,20,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,4,67.5,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,savings,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",10,1,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,38,35-44,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,13,298.18,"bill_payment,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",5,7,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,male,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,53,45-54,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,29.03,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings",10,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,female,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,17,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,male,61,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,male,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,33,25-34,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,29.08,"international_remittance,cash_deposit",5,8,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,male,23,15-24,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,35,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,female,63,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,67,55+,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,6,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,49,45-54,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,12,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,66,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,7,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,65,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,63,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,13,59.47,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,international_remittance,savings,person_to_person",7,5,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,female,56,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,164.81,"person_to_person,savings,international_remittance",6,10,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,female,66,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,35,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,61,55+,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,3,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,female,24,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,male,35,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,female,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,69,55+,highest,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,male,22,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,female,49,45-54,fourth,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,12,112.01,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",10,3,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,48,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,23,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,male,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,20,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,male,62,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,38.11,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",1,7,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,22,15-24,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,female,29,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,68,55+,lowest,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,7,7,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,female,32,25-34,second,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,46,45-54,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,65.45,"bill_payment,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",4,6,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,male,37,35-44,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,39,35-44,fourth,1,1,TNM Mpamba,6,35.61,"merchant_payment,international_remittance",8,6,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,48,45-54,second,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,4,8,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,63,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,40,35-44,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,9,35.61,"cash_withdrawal,savings,airtime_purchase,international_remittance,loan_repayment",2,4,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,64,55+,second,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,2,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,58,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,68,55+,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,15,190.21,"international_remittance,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",3,1,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,female,48,45-54,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,92.89,"airtime_purchase,person_to_person,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",10,3,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,22,15-24,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,6,216.86,"savings,bill_payment,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",3,11,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,52,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,34,25-34,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,38,35-44,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,3,3,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,23,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,7,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,48,45-54,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,4,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,female,31,25-34,middle,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,29,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,43.97,"bill_payment,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",2,6,low_burden Senegal,2025,urban,male,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,female,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,16,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,31,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,male,43,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,15,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,18,15-24,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,34,25-34,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,135.93,"international_remittance,loan_repayment,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",10,4,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,35,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,15,15-24,middle,1,1, PalmPay,6,85.95,"cash_withdrawal,savings,cash_deposit",2,13,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,31,25-34,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,61,55+,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,46,45-54,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,male,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,38,35-44,middle,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,2,16,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,59,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,53,45-54,middle,1,1,Orange Money,5,127.14,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,savings,airtime_purchase",9,9,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,50,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,45,35-44,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,35,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,44,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,male,66,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,61,55+,second,1,1,Tigo Pesa,8,117.94,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,international_remittance,person_to_person",3,7,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,54,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,7,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,31,25-34,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,4,135.44,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,merchant_payment",7,12,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,7,104.59,"cash_withdrawal,savings",10,5,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,54,45-54,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,male,60,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,16,52.6,"loan_repayment,savings,merchant_payment",10,15,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,4,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,44,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,10,116.41,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,cash_deposit",6,5,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,female,15,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,3,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,12,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,31,25-34,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,58,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,67,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,17,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,male,48,45-54,second,1,1,Moov Money,7,95.17,"international_remittance,merchant_payment",10,8,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,30,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,30,25-34,second,1,1,Tigo Pesa,7,47.06,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,savings,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",3,7,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,25,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,male,46,45-54,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,113.74,"savings,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,airtime_purchase",6,1,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,53,45-54,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,6,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,19,15-24,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,15,175.99,"bill_payment,person_to_person",5,6,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,28,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,male,70,55+,fourth,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,47,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,64,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,13,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,48,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,female,58,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,7,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,42,35-44,lowest,1,1,Wari,6,75.74,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,loan_repayment,cash_deposit",3,6,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,17,15-24,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,female,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,37,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,male,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,72,55+,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,13,82.04,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",9,3,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,65,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,35,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,14,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,26,25-34,second,1,1,Airtel Money,11,32.63,"cash_deposit,international_remittance,loan_repayment",10,5,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,male,31,25-34,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,8,34.28,"savings,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",10,5,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,male,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,53,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,12,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,46,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,54,45-54,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,10,87.54,"international_remittance,merchant_payment",4,5,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,65,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,3,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,male,41,35-44,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,13,120.63,"airtime_purchase,person_to_person,loan_repayment,merchant_payment,international_remittance",4,7,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,59,55+,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,15,low_burden DRC,2022,urban,female,45,35-44,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,15,71.77,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,merchant_payment,person_to_person,savings",8,3,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,23,15-24,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,male,43,35-44,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,19,238.45,"international_remittance,loan_repayment",7,11,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,37,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,59,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,female,45,35-44,middle,1,1,Orange Money,6,89.52,"savings,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",2,10,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,17,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,female,32,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,24,15-24,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,female,31,25-34,second,1,1,Moov Money,11,66.48,"international_remittance,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",9,8,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,53,45-54,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,6,63.06,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_deposit",3,3,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,22,15-24,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,9,135.16,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",5,13,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,female,41,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,32,25-34,lowest,1,1,Vodapay,8,42.19,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",8,7,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,female,59,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,29,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,74,55+,fourth,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,71,55+,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,48,45-54,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,female,16,15-24,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,12,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,39,35-44,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,3,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,70,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,5,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,58,55+,highest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,14,93.7,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,international_remittance,loan_repayment,savings",10,8,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,female,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,male,45,35-44,second,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,6,5,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,25,15-24,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,54.0,"bill_payment,person_to_person,savings,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",3,4,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,male,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,40,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,62,55+,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,15,72.28,"airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,savings,cash_withdrawal",2,7,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,17,15-24,lowest,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,9,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,59,55+,middle,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,male,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,56,55+,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,3,76.6,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,savings,international_remittance,person_to_person",3,5,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,57,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,male,73,55+,fourth,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,28,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,29,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,72,55+,second,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,12,94.58,"bill_payment,loan_repayment",5,2,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,female,30,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,52,45-54,second,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,1,15,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,female,29,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,17,15-24,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,8,140.96,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment",2,2,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,28,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,19,15-24,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,4,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,male,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,62,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,female,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,49,45-54,fourth,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,11,100.59,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,person_to_person,bill_payment",7,13,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,2,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,female,68,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,male,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,64,55+,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,24,15-24,middle,1,1,Wave,11,141.24,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",7,10,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,8,83.19,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",10,2,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,51,45-54,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,11,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,male,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,20,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,30,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,male,58,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,male,24,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,25,15-24,middle,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,3,3,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,15,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,39,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,8,174.12,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",9,10,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,1,1,e-Mola,6,84.44,"bill_payment,merchant_payment",10,7,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,38,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,65,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,62.66,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit,person_to_person,international_remittance",5,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,male,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,27,25-34,second,1,1,Airtel Money,11,158.3,"bill_payment,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,savings",10,2,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,female,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,male,58,55+,fourth,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,6,14,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,33,25-34,second,1,1,Wari,11,83.75,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment",10,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,female,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,42,35-44,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,7,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,male,33,25-34,second,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,8,4,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,42,35-44,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,11,136.53,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",6,10,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,66,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,9,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,70,55+,fourth,1,1,OPay,18,304.98,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",8,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,male,18,15-24,highest,1,1,M-Birr,5,41.68,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",10,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,17,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,female,40,35-44,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,29,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,10,253.79,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,international_remittance,savings,bill_payment",9,9,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,74,55+,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,7,55.82,"savings,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",4,8,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,68,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,49,45-54,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,1,6,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,female,42,35-44,second,1,1,Moov Money,13,225.9,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,airtime_purchase",2,8,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,male,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,57,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,43,35-44,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,16,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,female,26,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,2,10,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,16,15-24,highest,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,10,15,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,male,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,52,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,66,55+,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,3,4,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,50,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,male,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,31,25-34,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,9,152.8,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,savings",4,8,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,50,45-54,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,62,55+,fourth,1,1,Paga,8,107.52,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,savings,airtime_purchase",6,11,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,36,35-44,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,92.47,"person_to_person,savings",6,9,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,16,15-24,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,female,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,15,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,female,58,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,62,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,4,64.53,"bill_payment,merchant_payment,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,international_remittance",8,10,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,48,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,7,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,male,62,55+,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,14,65.65,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,person_to_person,savings",10,5,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,21,15-24,middle,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,60,55+,highest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,2,75.28,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,savings",1,7,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,57,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,7,low_burden Ghana,2021,urban,male,31,25-34,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,90.66,"bill_payment,international_remittance,savings,person_to_person,cash_deposit",10,9,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,male,33,25-34,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,17,113.53,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,person_to_person",10,2,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,16,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,33,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,male,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,male,74,55+,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,male,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,female,70,55+,highest,1,1,FNB eWallet,8,43.43,"person_to_person,savings,cash_deposit,loan_repayment",7,7,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,55,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,female,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,male,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,15,15-24,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,2,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,male,65,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,32,25-34,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,female,53,45-54,fourth,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,72,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2022,urban,male,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,female,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,male,27,25-34,lowest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,7,7,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,58,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,71,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,41,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,male,68,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,19,102.62,"international_remittance,bill_payment",9,2,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,male,53,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,male,49,45-54,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,215.96,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,bill_payment,loan_repayment",6,5,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,18,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,73,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,50,45-54,highest,1,1,Orange Money,7,178.38,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",10,14,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,45,35-44,second,1,1,Moov Money,3,76.04,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,airtime_purchase,person_to_person",5,9,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,48,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,4,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,49,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,36,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,male,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,55,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,male,24,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,15,471.04,"merchant_payment,savings,person_to_person,international_remittance",4,16,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,male,20,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Ghana,2021,urban,female,31,25-34,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,71.6,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,international_remittance,person_to_person,savings",7,10,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,female,35,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,male,34,25-34,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,male,36,35-44,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,6,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,34,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,60,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,male,64,55+,middle,1,1,Moov Money,4,71.2,"cash_deposit,international_remittance,loan_repayment,merchant_payment,savings",2,1,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,male,35,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,3,42.4,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,bill_payment,person_to_person",9,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,male,30,25-34,lowest,1,1,telebirr,16,79.46,"merchant_payment,loan_repayment,person_to_person,bill_payment",6,10,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,male,55,45-54,second,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,3,15,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,18,15-24,second,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,7,14,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,41,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,male,28,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,219.24,"bill_payment,person_to_person",5,4,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,51,45-54,middle,1,1,OPay,10,81.3,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",10,15,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,19,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,female,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,31,25-34,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,7,29.99,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,savings,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",4,5,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,45,35-44,lowest,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,43,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,male,41,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,female,31,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,30,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,6,126.56,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",5,5,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,65,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,72,55+,lowest,1,1,Wari,6,94.73,"international_remittance,savings,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",3,1,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,male,38,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,female,38,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,22,15-24,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,7,123.45,"bill_payment,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,savings",2,15,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,female,47,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,63,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,female,33,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,22,15-24,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,3,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,37,35-44,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,64,55+,fourth,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,59,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,6,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,female,65,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,22,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,23,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,male,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,4,17,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,female,62,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,25,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,male,61,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,male,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,58,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,male,50,45-54,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,male,36,35-44,highest,1,1,M-Birr,15,84.71,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase,international_remittance,person_to_person,loan_repayment",9,1,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,male,18,15-24,middle,1,1,Wave,13,55.32,"bill_payment,person_to_person",10,10,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,female,56,55+,fourth,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,18,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,34,25-34,second,1,1,e-Mola,9,90.68,"savings,cash_withdrawal",10,3,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,38,35-44,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,15,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,male,20,15-24,lowest,1,1,telebirr,5,141.23,"merchant_payment,savings,cash_deposit,international_remittance,loan_repayment",6,3,low_burden Uganda,2019,urban,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,male,65,55+,second,1,1,M-Pesa,6,71.81,"bill_payment,savings,cash_deposit",9,17,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,female,63,55+,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,17,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,male,66,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,44,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,24,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,male,23,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,127.77,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit",3,15,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,22,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,male,63,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,47,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,male,27,25-34,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,19,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,30,25-34,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,9,12,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,59,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,51,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,11,73.36,"savings,person_to_person,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",3,7,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,38,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,male,56,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,23,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,61,55+,middle,1,1,Wari,3,96.79,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,loan_repayment",5,2,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,male,17,15-24,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,15,101.06,"person_to_person,cash_deposit",4,4,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,female,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,male,59,55+,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,28,25-34,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,59,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,13,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,55,45-54,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,female,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,26,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,3,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,63,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,37,35-44,highest,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,68,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,male,36,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,39,35-44,highest,1,1,Orange Money,10,49.11,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",10,4,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,47,45-54,second,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,16,15-24,lowest,1,1,M-Birr,3,81.57,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",4,9,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,male,57,55+,lowest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,17,80.28,"loan_repayment,savings,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,person_to_person",8,7,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,62,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,3,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,33,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,40,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,female,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,female,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,OPay,8,146.61,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,savings",6,4,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,28,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,9,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,male,40,35-44,lowest,1,1,Tigo Pesa,12,170.95,"savings,merchant_payment,bill_payment,person_to_person",8,1,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,female,60,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,38,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,male,42,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,male,72,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,12,136.79,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment,savings,person_to_person",3,1,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,51,45-54,middle,1,1,Wari,9,28.12,"savings,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",4,17,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,male,68,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,74,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,34,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,11,56.75,"savings,loan_repayment,bill_payment,person_to_person,cash_deposit",7,2,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,30,25-34,highest,1,1,FNB eWallet,12,69.1,"airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",7,15,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,65,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,female,28,25-34,middle,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Senegal,2025,urban,female,60,55+,highest,1,1,Orange Money,12,62.78,"bill_payment,savings,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",10,1,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,25,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,male,56,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,38,35-44,second,1,1,Airtel Money,9,73.1,"person_to_person,savings,bill_payment,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",6,1,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,38,35-44,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,24,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,68,55+,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,41,35-44,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,9,12,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,male,64,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,5,130.67,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",3,6,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,male,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,female,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,21,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,15,153.96,"bill_payment,savings,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",9,5,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,female,47,45-54,highest,1,1,Moov Money,13,78.51,"international_remittance,merchant_payment",9,7,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,21,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,male,56,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,male,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,male,37,35-44,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,16,144.4,"person_to_person,international_remittance",8,8,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,male,43,35-44,highest,1,1,telebirr,17,123.32,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",3,13,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,27,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,29,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,68,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,35,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,female,39,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,15,15-24,lowest,1,1,Wave,12,99.26,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",10,9,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,33,25-34,middle,1,1,OPay,12,201.63,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment",8,2,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,36,35-44,second,1,1,Moov Money,13,68.08,"international_remittance,cash_deposit",4,9,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,22,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,male,54,45-54,second,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,4,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,male,15,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,12,104.5,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,international_remittance",6,14,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,female,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,male,65,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,13,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,male,65,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,52,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,53,45-54,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,53.89,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,merchant_payment,person_to_person,airtime_purchase",10,8,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,9,41.09,"airtime_purchase,savings,cash_withdrawal",10,12,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,male,73,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,11,44.75,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,savings,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",7,5,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,female,43,35-44,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,14,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,33,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,female,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,58,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,56.03,"cash_deposit,international_remittance",6,7,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,39,35-44,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,15,106.42,"savings,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",9,12,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,72,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,14,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,61,55+,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,17,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,1,1,Paga,11,62.55,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,merchant_payment,person_to_person",10,3,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,17,15-24,highest,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,51,45-54,second,1,1,Orange Money,14,86.1,"international_remittance,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,merchant_payment",5,12,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,55,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,35,25-34,second,1,1,Moov Money,5,62.68,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,bill_payment,loan_repayment",8,8,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,19,15-24,highest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,11,293.28,"international_remittance,cash_deposit,bill_payment",4,2,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,male,23,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,13,37.91,"airtime_purchase,loan_repayment",10,8,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,37,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,51,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,13,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,male,31,25-34,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,13,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,15,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,male,29,25-34,middle,1,1,Moov Money,9,47.99,"savings,person_to_person,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",3,13,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,male,63,55+,fourth,1,1,e-Mola,27,60.96,"merchant_payment,savings",8,2,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,16,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,14,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,39,35-44,highest,1,1,Orange Money,7,96.97,"merchant_payment,savings,cash_deposit,international_remittance",7,7,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,19,15-24,highest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,male,48,45-54,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,15,137.88,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal",7,2,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,male,33,25-34,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,male,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,50,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,male,47,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,3,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,72,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,71,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,2,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,36,35-44,second,1,1,Airtel Money,9,146.74,"international_remittance,savings,person_to_person,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",10,5,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,female,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,male,15,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,15,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,male,64,55+,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,13,178.44,"airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,bill_payment,person_to_person,savings",3,7,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,23,15-24,highest,1,1,Wave,11,70.28,"savings,bill_payment",4,4,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,18,15-24,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,15,79.81,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,international_remittance",6,11,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,male,15,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,54,45-54,second,1,1,M-Pesa,6,269.77,"bill_payment,loan_repayment,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",3,4,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,male,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,male,23,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,59,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,29,25-34,lowest,1,1,Vodapay,17,19.05,"merchant_payment,cash_deposit",9,2,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,28,25-34,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,4,77.88,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance",10,4,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,15,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,male,16,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,male,44,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,58,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,male,70,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,7,131.04,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,bill_payment",10,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,female,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,39,35-44,middle,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,3,7,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,60,55+,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,52,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,female,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,male,44,35-44,highest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,female,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,58,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,41,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,18,15-24,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,10,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,60,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,66,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,male,32,25-34,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,64,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,48,45-54,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,10,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,36,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,male,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,male,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,male,69,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,35,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,10,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,male,60,55+,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,6,6,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,46,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,male,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,23,15-24,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,18,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,male,54,45-54,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,10,311.59,"person_to_person,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",7,5,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,female,25,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,male,46,45-54,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,7,27.69,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",1,7,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,61,55+,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,37,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,17,15-24,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,17,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,male,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,female,25,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,39,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,female,15,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,male,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,male,23,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,78.68,"cash_deposit,international_remittance,savings,airtime_purchase",3,5,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,40,35-44,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,11,44.83,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",2,5,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,43,35-44,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,34.42,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,merchant_payment",4,14,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,63,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,male,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,22,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,female,60,55+,lowest,1,1,FNB eWallet,9,66.34,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",1,2,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,39,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,35,25-34,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,20,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,female,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,18,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,male,21,15-24,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,3,13,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,65,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,1,1,Wave,16,166.89,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,bill_payment",4,13,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,male,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,37,35-44,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,8,15,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,male,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,male,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,male,26,25-34,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,15,208.74,"merchant_payment,savings,bill_payment",9,3,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,male,42,35-44,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,15,73.58,"international_remittance,cash_deposit,savings",6,1,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,38,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,64,55+,middle,1,1,Wave,9,111.88,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,bill_payment",1,8,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,female,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,26,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,52,45-54,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,66,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,22,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,48,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,89.91,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,bill_payment,person_to_person,airtime_purchase",2,13,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,60,55+,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,54,45-54,highest,1,1,Vodapay,12,141.38,"person_to_person,bill_payment,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",4,9,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,male,42,35-44,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,16,202.39,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",2,6,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,male,22,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,35,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,male,72,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,15,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,25,15-24,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,21,15-24,fourth,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,4,7,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,female,70,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,13,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,17,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,male,21,15-24,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,13,90.1,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase",9,3,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,37,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,27,25-34,lowest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,2,143.12,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,international_remittance",7,9,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,22,15-24,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,48.89,"savings,loan_repayment",5,8,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,male,32,25-34,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,9,111.21,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase",3,14,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,53,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,33,25-34,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,female,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,female,15,15-24,middle,1,1,Moov Money,7,188.24,"person_to_person,bill_payment,international_remittance,merchant_payment",10,11,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,66,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,39,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,13,131.05,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",2,1,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,male,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,16,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,41,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,72,55+,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,24,15-24,second,1,1,Moov Money,10,49.72,"international_remittance,person_to_person",3,2,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,29,25-34,second,1,1,e-Mola,10,66.29,"merchant_payment,savings",9,3,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,59,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,61,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,38,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,7,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,28,25-34,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,16,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,female,32,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,male,69,55+,highest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,5,9,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,39,35-44,fourth,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,63,55+,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,5,89.91,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",5,6,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,43,35-44,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,97.84,"airtime_purchase,savings,merchant_payment,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",1,6,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,female,39,35-44,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,11,108.53,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",4,5,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,9,176.8,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment",2,6,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,43,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,16,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,17,15-24,second,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,46.53,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,savings,cash_withdrawal",3,6,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,female,16,15-24,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,27,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,15,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,1,1,M-Birr,11,64.93,"loan_repayment,person_to_person",4,2,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,19,15-24,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,12,36.78,"airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,savings,international_remittance",6,7,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,female,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,male,20,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,1,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,52,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,female,59,55+,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,8,108.88,"international_remittance,savings,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",7,9,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,male,46,45-54,fourth,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,33,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,43,35-44,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,12,141.21,"merchant_payment,cash_deposit,savings",4,2,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,56,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,28,25-34,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,4,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,74,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,male,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,23,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,43,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,47,45-54,highest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,7,559.28,"international_remittance,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",4,10,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,female,22,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,9,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,male,17,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,22,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,female,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,45,35-44,highest,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,4,13,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,male,71,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,14,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,female,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,30,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,6,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,29,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,72,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,53,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,11,187.41,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,savings,international_remittance",9,1,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,42,35-44,second,1,1,Orange Money,5,91.5,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,savings,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",1,6,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,male,24,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,70,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,14,117.97,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,savings,cash_withdrawal",2,3,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,15,15-24,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,male,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,female,55,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,26,25-34,middle,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,3,8,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,16,15-24,second,1,1,M-Pesa,9,62.02,"person_to_person,savings,cash_withdrawal",10,16,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,male,31,25-34,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,53,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,female,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,female,20,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,109.48,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,international_remittance,cash_deposit,bill_payment",8,10,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,58,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,male,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,62,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,29,25-34,highest,1,1,e-Mola,6,88.52,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",2,13,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,female,36,35-44,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,37,35-44,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,11,31.14,"cash_withdrawal,savings,cash_deposit,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",9,8,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,63,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,74,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,67,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,41,35-44,second,1,1,FNB eWallet,7,84.41,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,savings,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",7,9,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,male,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,33,25-34,middle,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,39,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,female,73,55+,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,10,107.56,"international_remittance,cash_deposit,bill_payment,merchant_payment",10,12,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,male,64,55+,second,1,1,Orange Money,18,290.0,"bill_payment,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",3,11,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,23,15-24,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,17,93.55,"merchant_payment,bill_payment,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",10,12,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,15,15-24,middle,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,3,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,male,46,45-54,middle,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,10,12,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,63,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,male,39,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,14,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,35,25-34,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,9,63.95,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",4,1,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,male,40,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,38,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,male,47,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,57,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,male,18,15-24,highest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,9,118.94,"savings,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",5,10,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,58,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,63,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,36,35-44,middle,1,1,Orange Money,14,78.42,"merchant_payment,person_to_person",6,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,59,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,male,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,female,64,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,9,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,27,25-34,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,female,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,68,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,71,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,49,45-54,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,46,45-54,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,48,45-54,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,3,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,1,1,Wari,10,93.61,"bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",5,1,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,54,45-54,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,13,47.0,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment",10,15,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,28,25-34,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,27,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,12,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,male,18,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,female,36,35-44,fourth,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,8,4,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,12,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,male,53,45-54,middle,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,6,14,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,47,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,female,17,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,male,25,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,20,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,female,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,42,35-44,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,4,68.3,"cash_deposit,savings,loan_repayment",2,10,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,58,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,59,55+,second,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,1,4,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,42,35-44,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,12,71.52,"person_to_person,bill_payment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",5,8,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,54,45-54,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,8,65.86,"bill_payment,cash_deposit,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment",10,9,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,59,55+,second,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,12,116.37,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,savings,loan_repayment",8,10,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,female,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,urban,male,37,35-44,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,male,55,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,31,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,male,38,35-44,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,female,52,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,7,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,22,15-24,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,2,50.04,"person_to_person,savings,bill_payment",5,5,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,34,25-34,middle,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,7,13,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,33,25-34,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,4,65.68,"international_remittance,merchant_payment,savings,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",5,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,73,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,19,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,24,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,6,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,female,58,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,male,53,45-54,second,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,9,14,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,male,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,female,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,48,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,female,23,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,29,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,60,55+,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,13,140.08,"merchant_payment,cash_deposit,bill_payment",7,15,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,48,45-54,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,6,63.81,"savings,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",5,8,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,15,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,39,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,15,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,9,358.88,"cash_withdrawal,savings,merchant_payment",5,11,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,male,29,25-34,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,12,117.54,"loan_repayment,savings,bill_payment,person_to_person",8,10,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,female,15,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,11,48.06,"bill_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",9,4,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,35,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,42,35-44,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,4,45.33,"airtime_purchase,savings,person_to_person,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",7,3,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,25,15-24,middle,1,1,Moov Money,8,42.67,"international_remittance,loan_repayment,bill_payment,cash_deposit",4,7,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,17,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,55,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,25,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,36,35-44,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,3,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,52,45-54,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,24,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,66,55+,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,16,61.71,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,loan_repayment",6,4,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,28,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,female,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,35,25-34,lowest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,2,9,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,55,45-54,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,female,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,male,66,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,41,35-44,lowest,1,1,FNB eWallet,14,139.72,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",3,9,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,23,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,13,52.12,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,merchant_payment",8,10,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,40,35-44,highest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,5,61.48,"cash_deposit,international_remittance",2,2,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,1,9,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,female,57,55+,highest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,33,25-34,middle,1,1,Vodapay,14,200.97,"savings,person_to_person,merchant_payment",3,12,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,54,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,55,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,28,25-34,middle,1,1,Wari,6,54.91,"bill_payment,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",10,5,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,52,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,66,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,112.21,"savings,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment",3,4,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,71,55+,middle,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,13,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,46,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,63,55+,fourth,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,female,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,16,15-24,lowest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,3,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,33,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,35,25-34,second,1,1,M-Pesa,4,27.32,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,bill_payment,savings",8,5,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,32,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,33,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,74,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,30,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,1,e-Mola,9,60.05,"bill_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit",10,9,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,26,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,26,25-34,highest,1,1,Moov Money,11,44.08,"savings,bill_payment,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",6,11,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,73,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,3,89.78,"international_remittance,savings,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",8,10,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,67,55+,second,1,1,Vodapay,10,40.31,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",4,3,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,61,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,50,45-54,lowest,1,1,Tigo Pesa,4,259.64,"savings,person_to_person,merchant_payment",2,3,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,46,45-54,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,7,37.86,"cash_withdrawal,savings,airtime_purchase,person_to_person",2,15,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,35,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,female,54,45-54,lowest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,31,25-34,fourth,1,1,telebirr,9,200.13,"savings,airtime_purchase,international_remittance,bill_payment",8,9,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,26,25-34,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,7,127.03,"savings,airtime_purchase,international_remittance",5,9,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,31,25-34,fourth,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,7,5,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,15,15-24,middle,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,male,71,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,12,121.92,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,savings",10,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,30,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,female,35,25-34,middle,1,1,Tigo Pesa,17,77.49,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,merchant_payment",1,16,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,male,45,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,male,41,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,female,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,63,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,female,43,35-44,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,8,308.11,"merchant_payment,savings,bill_payment",6,12,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,female,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,male,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,20,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,13,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,female,68,55+,second,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,9,445.89,"cash_withdrawal,savings,bill_payment",4,15,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,female,26,25-34,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,89.4,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",3,6,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,15,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,71,55+,middle,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,8,4,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,68,55+,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,1,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,25,15-24,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,7,111.29,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,loan_repayment,international_remittance",5,4,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,male,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,female,24,15-24,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,12,53.84,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,cash_deposit",10,7,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,34,25-34,fourth,1,1,Vodapay,13,50.2,"bill_payment,merchant_payment,cash_deposit,savings,airtime_purchase",9,1,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,60,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,male,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,15,133.67,"bill_payment,savings",2,6,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,55,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,15,15-24,fourth,1,1,Wari,10,87.12,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",8,14,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,male,50,45-54,second,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,61,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,female,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,male,15,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,female,72,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,7,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,34,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,female,40,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,3,9,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,60,55+,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,17,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,female,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,female,67,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,female,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,19,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,male,61,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,19,38.53,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",7,13,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,52,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,28,25-34,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,3,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,54,45-54,highest,1,1,Tigo Pesa,6,133.1,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,savings,merchant_payment,international_remittance",7,2,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,23,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,50,45-54,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,5,88.89,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",5,12,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,female,21,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,male,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,male,30,25-34,fourth,1,1,Wave,16,70.58,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,savings,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",4,15,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,female,74,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,18,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,13,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,male,62,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,male,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,30,25-34,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,42,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,11,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,male,40,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,32,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,34,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,male,23,15-24,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,22,67.87,"international_remittance,airtime_purchase",10,10,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,44,35-44,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,10,5,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,43,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,37,35-44,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,21,15-24,second,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,urban,female,67,55+,highest,1,1,Wave,11,130.55,"loan_repayment,bill_payment",9,2,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,16,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,urban,male,27,25-34,highest,1,1,Wari,13,265.82,"cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",7,5,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,17,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,23,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,3,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,128.58,"airtime_purchase,savings,bill_payment,loan_repayment,cash_deposit",9,4,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,65,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,18,15-24,second,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,3,6,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,female,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,female,65,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,52,45-54,middle,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,9,14,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,32,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,male,61,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,28,25-34,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,18,161.71,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",4,1,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,58,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,male,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,female,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,59,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,63,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,25,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,14,61.45,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,savings,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",3,3,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,male,48,45-54,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,6,58.49,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,loan_repayment",7,5,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,35,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,20,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,5,108.02,"person_to_person,international_remittance",4,2,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,41,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,female,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,male,39,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,20,15-24,second,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,male,51,45-54,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,44.81,"loan_repayment,person_to_person",4,2,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,male,25,15-24,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Uganda,2019,urban,male,66,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,114.64,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,person_to_person,savings",8,5,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,male,16,15-24,lowest,1,1,M-Birr,16,136.12,"person_to_person,cash_deposit",10,4,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,18,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,33,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,39,35-44,highest,1,1,OPay,16,98.93,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",7,2,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,female,73,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,5,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,46,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,37,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,90.84,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",6,2,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,female,39,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,male,33,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,33,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,15,15-24,fourth,1,1,Wave,6,104.81,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,merchant_payment",5,9,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,55,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,male,53,45-54,fourth,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,female,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,67,55+,highest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,9,10,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,45,35-44,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,9,10,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,17,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,55,45-54,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,11,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,37,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,male,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,male,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,64,55+,second,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,male,59,55+,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,11,69.7,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person,savings",9,16,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,urban,female,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,female,66,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,16,49.93,"merchant_payment,bill_payment,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",3,7,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,male,25,15-24,highest,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,7,9,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,30,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,35,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,urban,female,52,45-54,highest,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,9,3,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,28,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,16,15-24,fourth,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,34,25-34,second,1,1,Airtel Money,8,71.04,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,international_remittance",5,12,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,30,25-34,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,3,221.45,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,loan_repayment,savings",7,4,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,40,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,male,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,female,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,65,55+,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,73,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,male,44,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,female,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,58,55+,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,13,187.19,"loan_repayment,savings,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",3,13,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,female,62,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,male,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,46,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,61,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,60.96,"savings,loan_repayment,person_to_person,merchant_payment",6,17,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,female,64,55+,second,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,male,20,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,16,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,11,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,38,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,male,51,45-54,second,1,1,Wari,12,81.27,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",4,8,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,27,25-34,middle,1,1,telebirr,15,77.76,"savings,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",10,5,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,male,15,15-24,second,1,1,Moov Money,7,77.77,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",8,9,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,42,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,11,120.32,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment",3,16,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,36,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,male,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,43,35-44,middle,1,1,Moov Money,13,141.45,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",8,1,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,19,15-24,second,1,1,Paga,11,291.54,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings",4,15,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,17,15-24,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,61.53,"airtime_purchase,savings,international_remittance,cash_deposit,person_to_person",8,3,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,female,44,35-44,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,7,149.63,"international_remittance,bill_payment",10,15,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,50,45-54,fourth,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,25,15-24,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,140.17,"international_remittance,cash_deposit",9,13,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,34,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,female,43,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,male,38,35-44,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,83.07,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase",4,3,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,63,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,1,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,male,33,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,10,40.52,"savings,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment",6,9,low_burden South Africa,2019,urban,male,29,25-34,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,4,9,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,female,53,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,11,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,32,25-34,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,20,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,8,119.43,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,international_remittance",8,11,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,67,55+,fourth,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,male,71,55+,highest,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,male,38,35-44,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,29,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,47,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,38,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,4,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,22,15-24,fourth,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,2,1,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,male,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,40,35-44,lowest,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,male,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,female,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,23,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,43,35-44,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,17,361.19,"savings,cash_deposit",6,5,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,female,27,25-34,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,10,118.98,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",10,10,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,25,15-24,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,14,63.13,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",10,8,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,73,55+,fourth,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,male,43,35-44,fourth,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,5,15,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,72,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,64,55+,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,9,92.12,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",8,2,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,41,35-44,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,18,51.08,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase",2,4,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,69,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,male,35,25-34,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,16,102.37,"savings,airtime_purchase",10,2,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,male,45,35-44,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,11,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,55,45-54,middle,1,1, PalmPay,21,152.56,"savings,merchant_payment",10,5,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,male,24,15-24,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,21,49.5,"merchant_payment,person_to_person",10,2,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,1,FNB eWallet,8,10.63,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",10,8,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,male,34,25-34,highest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,12,119.54,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,international_remittance",9,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,male,33,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,55,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,22,15-24,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,7,6,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,12,74.93,"person_to_person,airtime_purchase",10,8,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,21,15-24,second,1,1,M-Pesa,10,47.8,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,bill_payment,person_to_person,savings",9,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,female,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,16,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,65,55+,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,22,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,male,39,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,urban,male,32,25-34,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,female,17,15-24,second,1,1,M-Birr,5,64.19,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",10,2,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,female,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,22,15-24,fourth,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,95.36,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,international_remittance",6,3,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,68,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,39,35-44,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,5,12,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,male,18,15-24,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,9,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,male,48,45-54,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,24,15-24,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,37,35-44,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,male,47,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,34,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,63,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,10,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,female,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,female,23,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,19,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,male,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,50,45-54,lowest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,2,10,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,17,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,5,58.72,"bill_payment,cash_deposit",10,2,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,23,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,male,40,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,male,48,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,urban,female,56,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,female,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,female,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,55,45-54,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,131.07,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,savings,cash_deposit",2,1,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,male,26,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,19,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,22,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,male,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,46,45-54,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,1,5,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,female,23,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,66,55+,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,14,179.28,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,savings,cash_withdrawal",9,2,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,female,29,25-34,lowest,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,7,5,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,55,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,female,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,male,58,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2024,urban,female,57,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,63.76,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",5,10,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,71,55+,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,30,25-34,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,4,54.87,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,bill_payment,international_remittance,savings",6,13,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,41,35-44,lowest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,8,14,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,32,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,female,50,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,18,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,42,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,12,80.97,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,international_remittance",9,3,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,35,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,12,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,female,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,urban,female,46,45-54,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,4,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,24,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,17,92.78,"international_remittance,bill_payment",9,11,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,38,35-44,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,11,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,35,25-34,fourth,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,10,12,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,female,47,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,24,15-24,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,11,35.37,"person_to_person,loan_repayment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",6,8,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,female,63,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,male,30,25-34,fourth,1,1,Wari,12,236.5,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",4,13,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,23,15-24,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,155.41,"international_remittance,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,savings",4,6,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,female,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,38,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,7,56.79,"bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,international_remittance",7,2,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,female,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,67,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,3,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,male,35,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,female,71,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,2,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,male,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,16,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,2,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,female,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,69,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,26,25-34,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,11,23.75,"person_to_person,bill_payment,savings",4,4,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,female,46,45-54,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,7,14,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,male,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,39,35-44,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,5,14,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,female,52,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,10,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,female,53,45-54,second,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,2,10,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,female,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,32,25-34,middle,1,1, PalmPay,13,67.3,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,person_to_person",7,10,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,30,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,male,42,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,20,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,female,57,55+,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,5,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,70,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,33,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,70,55+,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,6,13,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,28,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,16,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,17,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,female,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,23,15-24,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,9,71.14,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",3,3,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,23,15-24,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,female,38,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,40,35-44,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,14,97.63,"person_to_person,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,savings",4,4,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,male,31,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,32,25-34,middle,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,40,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,37,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,34,25-34,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,male,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,urban,female,32,25-34,middle,1,1,Orange Money,10,27.64,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",6,17,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,female,35,25-34,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,76.26,"international_remittance,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",6,3,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,50,45-54,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,79.1,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,bill_payment,savings,cash_deposit",7,11,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,21,15-24,fourth,1,1,FNB eWallet,8,66.83,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,person_to_person,loan_repayment",8,10,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,17,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,73,55+,lowest,1,1,Tigo Pesa,9,65.09,"merchant_payment,international_remittance",5,13,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,49,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,51,45-54,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,12,104.46,"cash_deposit,savings,international_remittance",3,7,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,65,55+,lowest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,15,252.19,"bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",2,1,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,16,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,47,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,female,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,28,25-34,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,6,6,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,male,30,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,65,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,21,15-24,second,1,1, PalmPay,15,74.33,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,merchant_payment",6,12,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,rural,male,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,45,35-44,middle,1,1,Orange Money,14,58.6,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",8,17,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,female,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,male,51,45-54,highest,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,10,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,50,45-54,second,1,1,M-Pesa,10,35.91,"bill_payment,loan_repayment,savings",3,3,low_burden Ghana,2021,urban,male,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,male,42,35-44,fourth,1,1,M-Birr,15,74.5,"person_to_person,bill_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",9,14,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,male,19,15-24,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,8,43.67,"merchant_payment,bill_payment,cash_deposit,international_remittance,savings",9,9,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,37,35-44,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,female,74,55+,second,1,1,Airtel Money,10,133.43,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,savings,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",1,8,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,15,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,42,35-44,lowest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,4,8,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,19,15-24,second,1,1,Orange Money,5,70.8,"international_remittance,person_to_person,savings,merchant_payment",4,6,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,69,55+,middle,1,1,Orange Money,11,131.78,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,international_remittance",10,1,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,28,25-34,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,16,243.94,"bill_payment,loan_repayment,savings,cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",8,15,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,30,25-34,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,68,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,20,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,male,66,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,14,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,73,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,44,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,female,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,20,15-24,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,male,63,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,23,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,male,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,32,25-34,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,7,15,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,34,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,1,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,30,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,31,25-34,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,8,60.25,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",10,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,70,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,24,15-24,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,6,2,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,34,25-34,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,13,60.89,"person_to_person,bill_payment",10,9,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,female,62,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,1,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,18,15-24,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,4,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,33,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,male,70,55+,middle,1,1,Vodafone Cash,10,225.09,"person_to_person,bill_payment",9,6,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,male,66,55+,middle,1,1,Orange Money,6,84.02,"bill_payment,person_to_person,international_remittance",2,2,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,2,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,male,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,74,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,10,102.55,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",1,16,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,51,45-54,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,188.16,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,savings,international_remittance,cash_deposit",8,4,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,urban,male,30,25-34,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,6,13,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,female,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,21,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,10,173.36,"international_remittance,cash_deposit,bill_payment,loan_repayment",5,6,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,female,16,15-24,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,129.5,"international_remittance,person_to_person,bill_payment",10,1,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,19,15-24,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,male,62,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,44,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,male,37,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,55,45-54,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,10,234.0,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,savings,person_to_person",3,12,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,male,72,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,59,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,male,36,35-44,highest,1,1,Moov Money,13,97.18,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,savings,bill_payment",7,1,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,female,23,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,13,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,female,31,25-34,middle,1,1,Wave,7,138.26,"loan_repayment,savings,bill_payment",8,4,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,74,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,67.45,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,person_to_person,merchant_payment",7,7,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,male,21,15-24,highest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,18,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,urban,male,18,15-24,lowest,1,1,Wari,15,186.76,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",7,1,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,37,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,72,55+,highest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,3,9,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,1,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,55,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,10,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,male,67,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,39,35-44,second,1,1,Moov Money,6,49.26,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings,cash_deposit",1,9,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,male,17,15-24,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,27.32,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",2,4,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,66,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,male,43,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,31,25-34,middle,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,25,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,111.1,"cash_deposit,savings",3,3,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,37,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,35,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,31,25-34,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,72,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,1,10,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,28,25-34,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,2,40.67,"savings,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",6,7,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,female,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,male,71,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,14,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,72,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,40,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,16,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,28,25-34,second,1,1,Vodapay,12,51.73,"cash_deposit,savings,person_to_person",5,9,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,female,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,70,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,2,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,7,160.2,"person_to_person,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",4,13,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,female,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,urban,male,62,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,6,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,17,15-24,second,1,1,OPay,7,133.92,"international_remittance,bill_payment",10,14,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,50,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,54,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,13,82.43,"airtime_purchase,savings",8,4,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,male,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,53,45-54,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,4,10,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,female,68,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,male,49,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,14,16.28,"person_to_person,savings",10,12,low_burden DRC,2018,rural,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,male,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2025,urban,male,43,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,41,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,64,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,male,41,35-44,middle,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,13,139.41,"international_remittance,person_to_person,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,bill_payment",6,12,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,35,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,female,73,55+,highest,1,1,e-Mola,17,150.65,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",3,10,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,male,52,45-54,lowest,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,male,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,73,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,male,40,35-44,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,138.04,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,bill_payment",10,1,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,female,21,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,male,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,male,50,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,15,15-24,highest,1,1,FNB eWallet,6,99.48,"airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,cash_deposit,merchant_payment,bill_payment",9,11,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,male,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,female,70,55+,second,1,1,M-Pesa,7,67.27,"international_remittance,savings",4,7,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,38,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,male,68,55+,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,10,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,female,70,55+,second,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,8,1,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,28,25-34,lowest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,5,4,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,44,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,29,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,male,51,45-54,second,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,32,25-34,second,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,56,55+,middle,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,9,1,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,73,55+,highest,1,1,Orange Money,6,79.14,"airtime_purchase,savings",3,16,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2022,urban,male,25,15-24,lowest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,13,52.13,"savings,merchant_payment",7,4,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,male,63,55+,fourth,1,1,Moov Money,12,66.62,"cash_deposit,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",4,13,low_burden Kenya,2020,urban,female,19,15-24,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,8,122.78,"merchant_payment,savings,cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",3,7,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,39,35-44,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,1,10,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,male,41,35-44,fourth,1,1,telebirr,17,124.0,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",4,3,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,female,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,51,45-54,middle,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,6,6,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2023,rural,female,72,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,30,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,12,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,male,72,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,17,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,male,32,25-34,middle,1,1,M-Birr,3,120.47,"savings,person_to_person",6,8,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,67,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,male,58,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,male,33,25-34,second,1,1,Paga,11,43.54,"savings,international_remittance,airtime_purchase",4,1,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,male,20,15-24,middle,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,6,15,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,male,68,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,46,45-54,second,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,8,4,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,42,35-44,fourth,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,30,25-34,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,5,27.71,"bill_payment,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",5,13,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,male,66,55+,middle,1,1,Orange Money,17,80.61,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",4,15,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,male,32,25-34,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,13,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,71,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,54.9,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",4,7,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,female,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,male,42,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,male,60,55+,fourth,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,17,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,male,15,15-24,middle,1,1,TNM Mpamba,9,113.19,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",9,14,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,33,25-34,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,46.13,"savings,international_remittance,airtime_purchase",6,4,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,male,66,55+,second,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,45,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,19,15-24,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,4,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,22,15-24,highest,1,1,Orange Money,11,205.54,"international_remittance,savings",5,3,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,female,33,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,male,59,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,6,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,17,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,8,45.8,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,savings",2,14,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,41,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,female,23,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,6,263.25,"person_to_person,savings,cash_withdrawal",6,4,low_burden Nigeria,2021,rural,male,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,male,28,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,male,70,55+,highest,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,3,9,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,female,52,45-54,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,17,138.67,"cash_deposit,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase",7,1,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,60,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,67,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,20,15-24,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,female,47,45-54,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,1,7,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,44,35-44,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,female,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,16,15-24,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,9,39.82,"loan_repayment,savings,international_remittance",4,10,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,25,15-24,highest,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,10,3,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,male,20,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,37,35-44,highest,1,1, PalmPay,5,263.57,"cash_withdrawal,savings,merchant_payment",9,7,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,61,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,male,35,25-34,highest,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,2,1,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,50,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,female,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,72,55+,highest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,13,87.95,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",6,4,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,male,33,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,male,43,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,72,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,10,82.86,"person_to_person,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,international_remittance",1,4,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,38,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,22,15-24,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,4,low_burden Uganda,2019,urban,male,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,male,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,18,15-24,highest,1,1,Orange Money,7,97.35,"savings,loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",5,1,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,female,48,45-54,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,5,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,male,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,male,70,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,26,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,39,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,33,25-34,second,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,2,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,male,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,49,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,male,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,70,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,37,35-44,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,11,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,male,52,45-54,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,6,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,17,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,female,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,urban,male,67,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,4,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,male,70,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,133.94,"international_remittance,merchant_payment",5,9,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,female,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,27,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,26,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,male,33,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,16,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,female,48,45-54,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,12,138.76,"bill_payment,cash_withdrawal,savings,merchant_payment",5,9,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,male,67,55+,second,1,1,Paga,10,60.25,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,savings",10,5,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,55,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,51,45-54,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,7,low_burden Malawi,2022,urban,male,34,25-34,highest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,9,89.06,"bill_payment,international_remittance,loan_repayment,savings",4,12,low_burden Kenya,2020,rural,female,29,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,female,47,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,male,64,55+,middle,1,1, PalmPay,18,108.52,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",3,6,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,male,18,15-24,highest,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,6,106.39,"merchant_payment,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",5,5,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,21,15-24,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,female,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,female,16,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,35,25-34,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,58,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,urban,male,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,25,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,male,74,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,9,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,male,34,25-34,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,145.08,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",10,16,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,female,34,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,38,35-44,fourth,1,1,Wave,12,82.78,"person_to_person,international_remittance,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase,loan_repayment",10,3,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,female,22,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,male,33,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,68,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,49,45-54,highest,1,1,Vodapay,9,53.91,"bill_payment,international_remittance",9,6,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,56,55+,fourth,1,1,e-Mola,12,70.56,"loan_repayment,international_remittance",10,6,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,1,1,Vodafone Cash,8,36.69,"bill_payment,merchant_payment",10,1,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,48,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,28,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,urban,male,73,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,26,25-34,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,3,low_burden Ghana,2025,urban,male,22,15-24,middle,1,1,Vodafone Cash,9,144.47,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,bill_payment",10,11,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,female,34,25-34,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,10,7,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,54,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,35,25-34,highest,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,7,3,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,female,46,45-54,lowest,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,10,12,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,29,25-34,fourth,1,1,FNB eWallet,11,69.96,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,person_to_person,savings",10,4,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,male,20,15-24,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,8,66.85,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,cash_deposit",7,6,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,18,15-24,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,13,86.5,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,merchant_payment",5,13,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,18,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,urban,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,male,30,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,49,45-54,second,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,1,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,urban,male,20,15-24,middle,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,7,11,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,62,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,0,75.18,"cash_withdrawal,savings,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",3,4,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,22,15-24,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,12,100.9,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,loan_repayment,bill_payment",4,10,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,16,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,61,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,female,18,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,48,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,female,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,female,72,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,female,71,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,female,24,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,male,27,25-34,middle,1,1,Moov Money,14,58.82,"merchant_payment,savings,cash_deposit",3,5,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,65,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,13,118.96,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,merchant_payment",4,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,male,36,35-44,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,4,62.16,"cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",9,10,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,73,55+,highest,1,1,FNB eWallet,17,96.12,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,airtime_purchase",8,3,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,26,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,53,45-54,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,2,2,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,male,31,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,female,53,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,urban,female,70,55+,second,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,8,3,low_burden Rwanda,2024,rural,female,30,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,male,28,25-34,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,6,202.81,"merchant_payment,savings,person_to_person,international_remittance",3,6,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,51,45-54,second,1,1,Airtel Money,17,137.1,"bill_payment,international_remittance,merchant_payment",5,5,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,23,15-24,lowest,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,6,13,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,20,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,53,45-54,lowest,1,1,FNB eWallet,10,53.25,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",6,11,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,46,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,4,68.59,"person_to_person,international_remittance,cash_deposit,bill_payment",6,15,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,9,3,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,29,25-34,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Mozambique,2023,urban,male,26,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,55,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2019,rural,female,54,45-54,second,1,1,M-Pesa,9,195.81,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,cash_deposit",3,2,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,female,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,female,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,27,25-34,second,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,7,12,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,18,84.19,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment",10,3,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,male,67,55+,highest,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,male,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,55,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,male,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,20,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,rural,male,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,61,55+,fourth,1,1,TNM Mpamba,17,76.82,"airtime_purchase,international_remittance,person_to_person,savings",8,3,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,33,25-34,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,6,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,40,35-44,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,10,111.72,"bill_payment,international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",6,7,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,38,35-44,middle,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,9,8,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,female,41,35-44,middle,1,1,Orange Money,10,115.19,"savings,merchant_payment,cash_deposit,bill_payment",2,3,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,male,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,male,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,38,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,male,20,15-24,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,8,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,male,63,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2019,urban,male,55,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,male,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,37,35-44,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,37,35-44,middle,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,36,35-44,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,5,59.97,"bill_payment,merchant_payment",7,3,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,71,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,64.81,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment",10,5,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,female,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,female,53,45-54,middle,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,50,45-54,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,7,4,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,male,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,52,45-54,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,14,74.55,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment",7,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,57,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,male,65,55+,middle,1,1,TNM Mpamba,15,150.25,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,international_remittance",7,7,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,female,48,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,61,55+,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,165.68,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,person_to_person,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",5,8,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,male,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,male,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,female,56,55+,middle,1,1,e-Mola,8,31.13,"savings,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",8,10,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,male,41,35-44,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,215.97,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit,savings",9,4,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,61,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,11,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,25,15-24,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,63.08,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",3,4,low_burden Uganda,2022,rural,female,56,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,68,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,1,10,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,female,52,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,male,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,46,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,48,45-54,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,16,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,male,68,55+,middle,1,1,e-Mola,11,130.63,"international_remittance,cash_withdrawal",8,1,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,female,62,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2024,rural,male,20,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,female,46,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,2,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,male,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,24,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2020,rural,female,66,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,66,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,71,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,male,38,35-44,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,male,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,61,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,male,26,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,male,18,15-24,second,1,1,Moov Money,8,65.04,"cash_deposit,savings,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",7,5,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,female,40,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,male,52,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,42,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,female,71,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,39,35-44,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,6,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,33,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,32,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,female,54,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,37,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,52,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,male,16,15-24,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,13,38.51,"loan_repayment,person_to_person",6,15,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,54,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,urban,male,21,15-24,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,1,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,37,35-44,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,4,34.11,"international_remittance,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",6,7,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,67,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,12,61.49,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment",8,7,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,male,35,25-34,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,12,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,56,55+,middle,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,10,138.65,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment",2,7,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,36,35-44,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,11,103.15,"cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,person_to_person",2,3,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,69,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,urban,male,72,55+,lowest,1,1,Wave,8,87.13,"loan_repayment,bill_payment,merchant_payment",2,6,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,69,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,146.69,"loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment,cash_deposit,international_remittance",9,3,low_burden Mali,2025,rural,female,38,35-44,second,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,9,9,low_burden Kenya,2021,rural,male,34,25-34,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,12,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,female,51,45-54,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,17,101.36,"merchant_payment,savings,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",10,6,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,female,64,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,male,59,55+,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,female,67,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,60,55+,second,1,1,TNM Mpamba,3,88.71,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,international_remittance",8,6,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,female,37,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,29,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,male,41,35-44,second,1,1,Airtel Money,15,654.65,"bill_payment,merchant_payment",10,3,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,male,33,25-34,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,14,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,female,24,15-24,highest,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,8,11,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,female,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2025,rural,female,50,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,28,25-34,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,11,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,female,38,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,30,25-34,highest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,8,100.75,"bill_payment,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,person_to_person",4,5,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,male,74,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Mali,2020,urban,male,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2025,rural,male,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Malawi,2021,urban,male,46,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,rural,female,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,30,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,female,65,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,female,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,male,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,female,48,45-54,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,14,66.69,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person,airtime_purchase",10,5,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,49,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,male,29,25-34,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,male,23,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,female,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,52,45-54,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,1,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,male,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,male,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,female,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,30,25-34,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,135.11,"international_remittance,merchant_payment,savings",4,8,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,31,25-34,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,8,157.27,"person_to_person,bill_payment,airtime_purchase",9,14,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,male,53,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,29,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,male,50,45-54,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,14,121.28,"person_to_person,savings",8,3,low_burden Tanzania,2023,rural,male,53,45-54,middle,1,1,Tigo Pesa,11,82.4,"international_remittance,airtime_purchase",3,10,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,female,30,25-34,lowest,1,1,FNB eWallet,9,182.51,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",7,13,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,17,15-24,middle,1,1,Wave,8,169.33,"loan_repayment,savings,merchant_payment,cash_deposit",7,12,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,61,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,11,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,38,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,15,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,male,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,25,15-24,highest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,2,4,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,male,51,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,22,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,58,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,female,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,male,21,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,rural,female,16,15-24,fourth,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,2,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,male,48,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,male,56,55+,fourth,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,94.37,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit,bill_payment",10,10,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,male,50,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,rural,male,39,35-44,lowest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden Niger,2019,rural,female,16,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,28,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2023,urban,female,17,15-24,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,9,3,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,female,42,35-44,second,1,1,Moov Money,9,68.81,"airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,cash_deposit",2,15,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,33,25-34,middle,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,male,19,15-24,highest,1,1,M-Pesa,9,130.98,"savings,international_remittance,merchant_payment,loan_repayment,cash_withdrawal",8,6,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,37,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,male,72,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,16,low_burden South Africa,2025,urban,female,40,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,20,15-24,lowest,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,3,5,low_burden Tanzania,2024,urban,female,57,55+,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,13,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,female,57,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2025,urban,female,70,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2022,urban,male,56,55+,fourth,1,0,Orange Money,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,male,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,55,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,male,62,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,45,35-44,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,62,55+,middle,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,73,55+,fourth,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,60,55+,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,8,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,45,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,44,35-44,highest,1,1,Vodapay,12,68.58,"cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,person_to_person,cash_deposit",5,1,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,65,55+,middle,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,14,172.19,"savings,international_remittance,person_to_person,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",6,7,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,67,55+,lowest,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,female,30,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,female,15,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2024,urban,female,63,55+,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,8,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,female,29,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,74,55+,highest,1,0,e-Mola,0,0.0,none,6,16,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,male,17,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,female,69,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,5,96.73,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",10,5,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,55,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,33,25-34,lowest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,8,12,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,17,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,male,65,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,8,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,male,22,15-24,second,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,5,7,low_burden Mali,2023,rural,female,20,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2022,urban,female,55,45-54,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,22,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,35,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,male,54,45-54,lowest,1,1,Moov Money,8,502.46,"cash_deposit,loan_repayment",10,4,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,female,54,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,10,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,36,35-44,middle,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,5,15,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,male,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,15,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,73,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,rural,male,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,male,70,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,17,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,245.05,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",5,8,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,39.26,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment",7,4,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,female,63,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,65,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,male,36,35-44,middle,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,2,10,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,female,59,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,35,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Uganda,2021,urban,female,62,55+,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,15,74.16,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",4,13,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,male,72,55+,second,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,2,3,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,female,63,55+,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden Rwanda,2025,rural,male,58,55+,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,14,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,37,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2024,urban,male,21,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mali,2024,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,6,3,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,22,15-24,middle,1,1,Wari,5,23.79,"merchant_payment,international_remittance",3,13,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Niger,2020,rural,male,67,55+,highest,1,1,Moov Money,6,20.8,"loan_repayment,person_to_person,international_remittance",7,3,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,21,15-24,second,1,1,Airtel Money,6,80.3,"international_remittance,cash_deposit,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",2,8,low_burden Ghana,2024,rural,female,69,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,17,15-24,middle,1,1,Vodapay,11,49.5,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",10,8,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,58,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,male,15,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,rural,male,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,female,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2025,urban,female,59,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,male,37,35-44,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,7,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,22,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,38,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2023,urban,male,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,urban,male,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,female,27,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2022,urban,female,36,35-44,second,1,1,M-Pesa,9,271.02,"international_remittance,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,savings",10,2,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,67,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,33,25-34,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,11,202.8,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment",3,1,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,64,55+,fourth,1,0,OPay,0,0.0,none,7,6,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,female,44,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,49,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,51,45-54,fourth,1,1,Vodapay,7,63.73,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase",9,5,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,31,25-34,second,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,8,61.59,"savings,international_remittance,loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",2,11,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,female,58,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mali,2021,rural,male,36,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,male,46,45-54,fourth,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,13,246.83,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",10,9,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,female,26,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,female,15,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,49,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,male,23,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,male,69,55+,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,283.23,"cash_deposit,international_remittance",10,2,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,female,72,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,urban,female,33,25-34,fourth,1,1,Tigo Pesa,17,57.85,"bill_payment,savings,merchant_payment,loan_repayment",9,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,male,32,25-34,middle,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,8,2,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,66,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,urban,male,21,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2024,urban,female,26,25-34,fourth,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,9,7,low_burden South Africa,2018,urban,male,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,23,15-24,second,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden South Africa,2023,urban,male,41,35-44,fourth,1,1,FNB eWallet,10,53.56,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",4,10,low_burden Uganda,2018,urban,male,65,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,41,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,26,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,24,15-24,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,female,51,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,22,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,36,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,male,51,45-54,lowest,1,1,e-Mola,13,84.51,"airtime_purchase,loan_repayment,person_to_person,international_remittance",2,7,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,37,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Ghana,2020,urban,female,64,55+,highest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,12,131.13,"cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",10,9,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,rural,female,56,55+,lowest,1,1,M-Birr,12,55.11,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,airtime_purchase",3,10,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,23,15-24,fourth,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,7,3,low_burden Niger,2023,urban,male,64,55+,second,1,1,Moov Money,14,132.8,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,savings",10,7,low_burden DRC,2021,rural,female,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,female,27,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Tanzania,2020,rural,male,36,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,38,35-44,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,241.69,"bill_payment,airtime_purchase",8,14,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,male,40,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,rural,male,54,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden South Africa,2018,rural,male,68,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2022,urban,male,36,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,female,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,21,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,31,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,25,15-24,second,1,1,Tigo Pesa,13,32.26,"merchant_payment,cash_deposit",7,6,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,female,72,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,rural,female,31,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,urban,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,male,61,55+,highest,1,1,Wave,7,77.48,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,international_remittance",5,2,low_burden Uganda,2024,urban,male,20,15-24,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,14,44.05,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",10,3,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2020,urban,male,26,25-34,middle,1,0, PalmPay,0,0.0,none,10,9,low_burden Zambia,2023,rural,male,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,urban,male,65,55+,highest,1,1,Orange Money,16,61.29,"person_to_person,cash_withdrawal,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,cash_deposit",9,7,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,male,26,25-34,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,14,low_burden Malawi,2021,rural,female,39,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,urban,male,43,35-44,second,1,1,Airtel Money,10,84.83,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,savings",8,2,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,female,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,female,36,35-44,middle,1,1,Orange Money,11,65.44,"cash_deposit,bill_payment",6,8,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,46,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,rural,male,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,15,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,urban,female,49,45-54,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,6,low_burden Zambia,2022,urban,male,49,45-54,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,7,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,74,55+,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,8,102.46,"merchant_payment,cash_deposit",9,8,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,male,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,68,55+,second,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,6,5,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,35,25-34,middle,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden DRC,2025,rural,male,56,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,male,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,rural,female,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,49,45-54,lowest,1,1,Airtel Money,10,82.11,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment,savings",9,5,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,female,70,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,5,low_burden Uganda,2024,rural,female,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Mali,2023,urban,female,68,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,female,40,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Senegal,2022,rural,male,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,52,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,43,35-44,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,25,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,32,25-34,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Nigeria,2022,rural,female,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Ghana,2023,urban,female,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,male,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,female,43,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Tanzania,2021,rural,female,35,25-34,middle,1,0,Tigo Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,1,low_burden Niger,2024,urban,female,63,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,rural,male,38,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,1,low_burden Kenya,2022,urban,male,43,35-44,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,male,48,45-54,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,8,low_burden Mozambique,2021,urban,female,53,45-54,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,male,35,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden DRC,2023,urban,female,19,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Kenya,2024,rural,female,56,55+,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,7,89.74,"bill_payment,savings,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",8,8,low_burden Kenya,2024,urban,female,48,45-54,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,16,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,female,53,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,47,45-54,lowest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,11,62.39,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase,cash_withdrawal,person_to_person",8,10,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,female,45,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,rural,male,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,18,15-24,fourth,1,1,Airtel Money,7,89.01,"cash_withdrawal,merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,international_remittance",10,6,low_burden Ghana,2022,urban,female,20,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2023,rural,male,71,55+,highest,1,1,Airtel Money,7,60.77,"cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,bill_payment",2,4,low_burden Niger,2018,rural,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Malawi,2024,urban,female,39,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,female,47,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,female,41,35-44,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,10,1,low_burden Malawi,2022,rural,female,74,55+,middle,1,0,TNM Mpamba,0,0.0,none,1,1,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Rwanda,2023,rural,male,60,55+,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,8,10,low_burden Mozambique,2024,rural,male,36,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,female,37,35-44,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,64.61,"loan_repayment,airtime_purchase",4,4,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,55,45-54,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,3,3,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,38,35-44,second,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,6,1,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,15,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,rural,female,25,15-24,middle,1,0,Wave,0,0.0,none,7,8,low_burden Mozambique,2024,urban,male,67,55+,highest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,10,10,low_burden Ethiopia,2020,rural,male,37,35-44,lowest,1,1,M-Birr,5,96.44,"merchant_payment,bill_payment,international_remittance",1,1,low_burden Senegal,2021,urban,male,21,15-24,second,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,5,6,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,male,71,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,male,74,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,rural,male,44,35-44,fourth,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,5,low_burden Ghana,2020,rural,male,52,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,female,60,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,male,18,15-24,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,1,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,male,32,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,female,48,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2021,urban,female,47,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden South Africa,2024,rural,female,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden South Africa,2021,urban,male,72,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2021,rural,female,51,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,female,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2024,urban,female,41,35-44,fourth,1,1,Orange Money,12,31.93,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment,savings,person_to_person,cash_withdrawal",8,14,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,female,45,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mozambique,2019,urban,male,41,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,female,40,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,55,45-54,highest,1,1,Orange Money,4,89.14,"bill_payment,savings,cash_withdrawal,loan_repayment,merchant_payment",10,3,low_burden Ethiopia,2025,urban,female,74,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mali,2018,urban,male,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,55,45-54,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,7,44.53,"airtime_purchase,cash_deposit,person_to_person",5,2,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,male,15,15-24,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2022,rural,male,45,35-44,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,7,2,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,72,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,6,low_burden Ethiopia,2022,rural,female,38,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,male,47,45-54,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,4,11,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,male,34,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,male,26,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Kenya,2019,urban,female,57,55+,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,7,82.61,"merchant_payment,person_to_person,loan_repayment,international_remittance",8,3,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,female,33,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,rural,female,50,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,urban,female,65,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Ghana,2024,urban,female,71,55+,lowest,1,1,AirtelTigo Money,17,39.67,"savings,person_to_person",4,13,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,48,45-54,middle,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,9,60.48,"airtime_purchase,savings,cash_deposit,international_remittance,loan_repayment",5,4,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,male,18,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2022,rural,female,49,45-54,middle,1,1,Orange Money,11,88.61,"merchant_payment,savings,cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",8,3,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,male,68,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,43,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2022,rural,male,48,45-54,fourth,1,0,AirtelTigo Money,0,0.0,none,1,10,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,60,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,urban,male,41,35-44,highest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,39,35-44,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden DRC,2021,urban,female,43,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Zambia,2020,urban,male,66,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,female,50,45-54,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2021,rural,male,56,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,98.67,"loan_repayment,cash_deposit",9,8,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,male,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,68,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden DRC,2020,urban,female,61,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Ghana,2018,urban,female,61,55+,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,12,49.68,"cash_deposit,airtime_purchase",10,9,low_burden Senegal,2025,urban,female,41,35-44,middle,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,8,15,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,35,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,urban,male,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,urban,male,57,55+,middle,1,1,TNM Mpamba,14,129.38,"merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,bill_payment",10,4,low_burden Uganda,2020,urban,female,46,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Nigeria,2022,urban,male,27,25-34,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Nigeria,2024,rural,female,15,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2019,rural,male,18,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Senegal,2019,rural,female,40,35-44,lowest,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,8,7,low_burden Mozambique,2025,rural,male,62,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Malawi,2020,urban,female,62,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,female,63,55+,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,1,low_burden Rwanda,2023,urban,male,57,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,rural,male,16,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2024,rural,male,68,55+,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,9,2,low_burden Kenya,2025,urban,male,71,55+,lowest,1,1,M-Pesa,14,200.61,"savings,international_remittance,airtime_purchase,cash_deposit",6,8,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,65,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Mozambique,2020,urban,female,41,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2018,urban,male,27,25-34,middle,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,8,8,low_burden South Africa,2021,rural,male,69,55+,middle,1,0,Vodapay,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Zambia,2020,rural,male,26,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Kenya,2025,rural,male,62,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Mozambique,2023,rural,male,72,55+,fourth,1,1,e-Mola,7,55.77,"international_remittance,bill_payment,merchant_payment,person_to_person",7,3,low_burden Mali,2025,urban,female,69,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Niger,2024,rural,female,46,45-54,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,7,12,low_burden South Africa,2023,rural,female,65,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,64,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,female,73,55+,highest,1,1,e-Mola,13,101.29,"merchant_payment,savings,airtime_purchase,bill_payment,person_to_person",5,7,low_burden Ghana,2018,rural,female,36,35-44,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,52,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Nigeria,2019,urban,female,64,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Senegal,2025,rural,male,28,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,28,25-34,second,1,1,Moov Money,6,21.68,"loan_repayment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,bill_payment,merchant_payment",5,9,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,female,38,35-44,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,10,11,low_burden Uganda,2023,rural,female,36,35-44,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,8,43.78,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment,international_remittance,cash_deposit,cash_withdrawal",3,13,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,female,60,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Kenya,2018,rural,female,71,55+,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,7,88.22,"loan_repayment,international_remittance",3,4,low_burden Rwanda,2021,rural,male,24,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,rural,female,34,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,female,70,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,10,179.61,"cash_withdrawal,international_remittance,airtime_purchase",8,1,low_burden Zambia,2022,rural,female,50,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Malawi,2019,rural,female,27,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Rwanda,2019,rural,male,51,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,1,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,male,67,55+,second,1,0,Wari,0,0.0,none,5,9,low_burden Zambia,2025,urban,male,37,35-44,second,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,3,17,low_burden Nigeria,2020,rural,female,44,35-44,highest,1,0,Paga,0,0.0,none,7,2,low_burden Rwanda,2025,urban,female,51,45-54,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,17,low_burden Mali,2020,rural,female,65,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2020,urban,female,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Uganda,2018,rural,female,72,55+,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,male,60,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Niger,2021,urban,female,40,35-44,highest,1,1,Moov Money,16,70.66,"cash_deposit,savings,merchant_payment",6,11,low_burden Nigeria,2023,rural,female,44,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2019,urban,female,56,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,urban,female,19,15-24,lowest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,3,1,low_burden Zambia,2021,urban,female,28,25-34,middle,1,1,Zamtel Kwacha,10,502.26,"airtime_purchase,bill_payment,person_to_person",8,8,low_burden Niger,2018,urban,male,29,25-34,second,1,1,Airtel Money,12,122.22,"person_to_person,savings,merchant_payment,cash_deposit,international_remittance",8,4,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,63,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Senegal,2023,urban,female,64,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Tanzania,2025,urban,male,64,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,12,low_burden Mozambique,2022,rural,male,21,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,male,32,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,male,33,25-34,fourth,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,14,low_burden Niger,2022,urban,female,16,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,rural,male,30,25-34,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2019,urban,male,40,35-44,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden South Africa,2022,urban,female,68,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Nigeria,2018,rural,male,25,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2023,rural,female,66,55+,highest,1,0,M-Birr,0,0.0,none,3,6,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,64,55+,fourth,1,0,Vodafone Cash,0,0.0,none,10,6,low_burden Niger,2025,rural,male,24,15-24,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,10,0,low_burden Malawi,2018,urban,female,30,25-34,second,1,1,TNM Mpamba,11,47.16,"savings,merchant_payment,bill_payment,cash_deposit",6,1,low_burden Senegal,2023,rural,female,42,35-44,highest,1,1,Wave,11,162.36,"cash_deposit,merchant_payment,person_to_person,bill_payment,cash_withdrawal",5,1,low_burden South Africa,2019,rural,female,71,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Zambia,2023,urban,female,62,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Mali,2021,urban,male,73,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Uganda,2025,urban,female,33,25-34,fourth,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,5,13,low_burden Ghana,2023,rural,male,69,55+,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden South Africa,2020,urban,female,72,55+,middle,1,0,FNB eWallet,0,0.0,none,9,5,low_burden DRC,2018,urban,male,50,45-54,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,9,0,low_burden Rwanda,2022,rural,female,24,15-24,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,3,13,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,rural,male,31,25-34,highest,1,0,telebirr,0,0.0,none,4,8,low_burden Nigeria,2018,urban,male,22,15-24,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden DRC,2022,rural,male,63,55+,fourth,1,1,M-Pesa,13,35.36,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal",8,6,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,33,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Ghana,2019,rural,male,57,55+,middle,1,1,Vodafone Cash,4,91.34,"savings,person_to_person,international_remittance",5,10,low_burden Senegal,2018,urban,female,31,25-34,second,1,1,Wave,9,57.97,"person_to_person,international_remittance,savings,airtime_purchase,bill_payment",5,1,low_burden Rwanda,2020,urban,male,73,55+,lowest,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,5,10,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,61,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,5,0,low_burden Mozambique,2018,urban,male,37,35-44,middle,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,4,1,low_burden Uganda,2021,rural,female,43,35-44,second,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,2,13,low_burden Ghana,2019,urban,male,18,15-24,highest,1,0,MTN Mobile Money,0,0.0,none,4,7,low_burden Uganda,2019,rural,male,23,15-24,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,74,55+,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Rwanda,2018,rural,male,63,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,1,5,low_burden South Africa,2025,rural,male,65,55+,highest,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,5,33.22,"bill_payment,savings",9,12,low_burden Senegal,2021,rural,male,53,45-54,highest,1,1,Orange Money,9,133.59,"airtime_purchase,merchant_payment",10,11,low_burden Nigeria,2025,rural,female,28,25-34,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Malawi,2025,urban,female,21,15-24,highest,1,1,TNM Mpamba,10,86.63,"merchant_payment,airtime_purchase,savings,person_to_person",9,5,low_burden Uganda,2025,rural,male,58,55+,middle,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,2,2,low_burden Niger,2022,rural,male,34,25-34,highest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden Niger,2021,rural,male,15,15-24,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,2,0,low_burden DRC,2023,rural,male,16,15-24,middle,1,1,M-Pesa,10,211.22,"merchant_payment,international_remittance,person_to_person",3,15,low_burden Ethiopia,2018,urban,male,48,45-54,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2024,rural,male,65,55+,lowest,1,0,M-Pesa,0,0.0,none,8,9,low_burden Uganda,2020,rural,male,36,35-44,second,1,1,MTN Mobile Money,15,40.72,"cash_deposit,person_to_person,international_remittance",8,4,low_burden Malawi,2018,rural,female,74,55+,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,8,0,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,37,35-44,highest,1,0,Zamtel Kwacha,0,0.0,none,3,11,low_burden Mali,2019,rural,female,58,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Mali,2018,rural,male,29,25-34,lowest,1,1,Orange Money,14,29.42,"loan_repayment,merchant_payment,cash_withdrawal,international_remittance",5,1,low_burden Nigeria,2023,urban,female,51,45-54,fourth,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,3,0,low_burden Tanzania,2018,rural,male,31,25-34,second,1,0,Airtel Money,0,0.0,none,6,9,low_burden Zambia,2024,urban,male,61,55+,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,7,0,low_burden Ethiopia,2021,urban,female,42,35-44,lowest,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,4,0,low_burden Kenya,2023,urban,male,17,15-24,middle,1,1,Airtel Money,14,75.92,"airtime_purchase,savings",5,1,low_burden DRC,2020,rural,male,29,25-34,middle,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden Niger,2019,urban,female,36,35-44,highest,1,0,Moov Money,0,0.0,none,2,8,low_burden Zambia,2019,rural,female,42,35-44,second,0,0,none,0,0.0,none,6,0,low_burden