diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1002-201303-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1002-201303-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2bec5d4a65c3e99de7a62bfa17d11fcdd2bcbf7b --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1002-201303-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,664 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1002** + +(03/2013) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Conditional access and protection + +# --- **Pairing protocol specification for renewable conditional access system** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1002 + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.1002 + +# Pairing protocol specification for renewable conditional access system + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1002 specifies the pairing protocol that supports the conditional access module (CAM) and descrambler (DSC) pairing function, which is specified in Recommendation ITU-T J.1001. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1002 | 2013-03-01 | 9 | + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2013 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 3.3 Security symbols ..... | 2 | +| 3.4 Parameter definitions..... | 2 | +| 3.5 Security function definitions ..... | 3 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 Overview of RCAS pairing protocol ..... | 4 | +| 7 Details of RCAS pairing protocol..... | 5 | +| 7.1 Initialization..... | 5 | +| 7.2 Pairing..... | 6 | +| 7.3 CWEK generation ..... | 10 | +| 8 CAM and DSC interface message format and encryption..... | 12 | +| 8.1 DscCertReq message ..... | 13 | +| 8.2 DscCertRsp message ..... | 13 | +| 8.3 CWEKGenInfo message ..... | 14 | +| 8.4 CWEKGenInfoCnfm message ..... | 14 | +| Appendix I – The functional structures for the CAM and DSC ..... | 16 | +| I.1 Functional structure for CAM ..... | 16 | +| I.2 Functional structure for DSC..... | 17 | +| Bibliography..... | 18 | + +## Introduction + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1001 specifies the requirements for renewable conditional access system (RCAS), and it identifies the pairing protocol that is one of the functional requirements. + +The RCAS is a new paradigm technology for renewing conditional access (CA) client software by securely downloading the new version of software through the digital cable two-way environment. The benefit of RCAS is that no additional budget is required for issuing a new security hardware module when the multiple systems operator (MSO) wants to upgrade the old CA client software to a new one. + +The pairing protocol is an authentication protocol between the conditional access module (CAM) and descrambler (DSC). The authentication process between the CAM and DSC is one of the most important security requirements for the RCAS. If the pairing is not performed properly, it may cause a control word (CW) disclosure problem. For example, a hacked DSC could intercept CWs transferred from the CAM through impersonation attack. As a result, a hacker could watch pay broadcasting programs without proper entitlement by taking advantage of the intercepted CW. + +If the pairing is not performed properly, this may cause another problem – of managing paid-viewers. For example, a malicious user could remove the physically-implemented CAM from one set-top box that stores entitlement information, and connect the removed CAM to another set-top box. Then a malicious user could watch pay broadcasting programs on multiple set-top boxes with one CAM. As a result, MSO cannot properly manage pay subscribers, and undergoes unwanted business losses. + +To prevent the above drawbacks, a pairing protocol is specified in this Recommendation, which can provide a mutual authentication and security channel establishment between the CAM and the DSC. Using the pairing protocol can efficiently prevent a hacked DSC from eavesdropping CWs, which are transferred from the CAM to DSC, as well as unwanted usage of one CAM to multiple set-top boxes. + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.1002 + +# Pairing protocol specification for renewable conditional access system + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the pairing protocol that provides the conditional access module (CAM) and descrambler (DSC) pairing function of renewable conditional access system (RCAS), which is specified in [ITU-T J.1001]. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.1001] Recommendation ITU-T J.1001 (2012), *Requirements for renewable conditional access system*. + +[ITU-T X.509] Recommendation ITU-T X.509 (2008) | ISO/IEC 9594-8:2008, *Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 conditional access (CA)** [b-ITU-T J.193]: The conditional granting of access to cable services and content based upon what service suite has been purchased by the customer. + +**3.1.2 descrambling** [b-ITU-T J.93]: The processes of reversing the scrambling function (see "scrambling") to yield usable pictures, sound, and data services. + +**3.1.3 entitlement control messages (ECMs)** [b-ITU-T J.290]: An ECM is an encrypted message that contains access criteria to various service tiers and a control word (CW). + +**3.1.4 entitlement management messages (EMMs)** [b-ITU-T J.290]: The EMM contains the actual authorization data and shall be sent in a secure method to each CPE device. + +**3.1.5 scrambling** [b-ITU-T J.93]: The process of using an encryption function to render television and data signals unusable to unauthorized parties. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 authorization centre (AC)**: An entity which issues identification information of CAM and performs authentication process when CAM requests renewing of CACS. + +**3.2.2 conditional access module (CAM)**: A cryptographic functional module which is located in set-top boxes, whose main function is entitlement validation, key management and authentication. Set-top boxes can have one chip of secure hardware that includes the functions of CAM and + +descrambler, or physically separated CAM in the form of a secure hardware IC or smart-card. The form of CAM can be determined by the policy of the MSO or CAS vendor. + +**3.2.3 conditional access client software (CACS):** An image of conditional access client software code downloaded onto the CRS CAM. + +**3.2.4 control word (CW):** The value which is used to scramble and descramble transport streams; it is refreshed frequently during the service operation to enhance security. + +## 3.3 Security symbols + +| Security symbols | Descriptions | +|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Pub(X) | RSA public key of 'X' | +| Prv(X) | RSA private key of 'X' | +| E(k,m) | Encryption of a message 'm' with key 'k'. RSAES-OAEP is used to encrypt a message when the encryption key is a public key. AES-ECB is used to encrypt a message when the encryption key is a symmetric key | +| S(k,m) | Digital signature for a message 'm' with signing key 'k'. RSASSA-PSS is used for message signing | +| H(m) | SHA-256 hashing for a message 'm' | +| HMAC(k,m) | HMAC-SHA1 for a message 'm' with key 'k' | +| X Y | Concatenation of 'X' and 'Y' | +| Cert(X) | ITU-T X.509 certificate of 'X' | +| PRF(X) | Pseudo random function having a seed value of 'X' | +| X msb(Y) | 'Y' bits from MSB of 'X' | + +## 3.4 Parameter definitions + +| Parameter names | Descriptions | +|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DSC_ID | The value of identification of DSC having a size of 40 bytes | +| CAM_ID | The value of identification of CAM having a size of 8 bytes | +| KeyPairingID | The value of concatenation with CAM_ID and DSC_ID, i.e., CAM_ID DSC_ID | +| CWEK | The abbreviation of control words encryption key, and used to encrypt control words
The CWEK generation method is
$CWEK = H(CWEK CAM\_ID DSC\_ID)_{msb(128)}$ | +| KPK | The abbreviation of key pairing key. The AC generates the KPK if KeyPairingID is valid | +| HMAC_KEY | An HMAC secret key. The CAM uses HMAC_KEY to generate an HMAC value for the message including control words
The HMAC_KEY generation method is
$HMAC\_KEY = H(RAND_{HMAC} CAM\_ID DSC\_ID)_{msb(160)}$ Here RAND HMAC is achieved by PRF(X) msb(320) | +| RAND | A random number with 320 bits | +| K i | The pre-shared key having the size of 128 bits. AC uniquely assigns three K i to each CAM | + +## 3.5 Security function definitions + +| Security functions | Requirements | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| RSA digital signature (RSASSA-PSS) | | +| RSA encryption (RSAES-OAEP) | | +| AES encryption | | + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|-------------------------------------| +| AC | Authorization Centre | +| AES | Advanced Encryption Standard | +| CACS | Conditional Access Client Software | +| CAM | Conditional Access Module | +| CASS | CAM Authentication Sub-System | +| CW | Control Word | +| CWEK | Control Words Encryption Key | +| DSC | Descrambler | +| ECB | Electric Code Block | +| HMAC | Hashed Message Authentication Code | +| KPK | Key Pairing Key | +| MSO | Multiple Systems Operator | +| PSI | Pairing Status Information | +| RCAS | Renewable Conditional Access System | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* is to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +### 6 Overview of RCAS pairing protocol + +The components of RCAS that participate in the pairing protocol are the 'CAM authentication sub-system', 'authorization centre', 'CAM' and 'descrambler' of RCAS, as shown in Figure 1. + +![Figure 1 – Reference architecture of the RCAS and RCAS pairing protocol components](f519a5be118c846f631c992412353fb9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the reference architecture between the Headend and Customer premises. +**Headend side:** + - **CRS headend:** Contains 'CAM authentication sub-system' (yellow box) and 'Authorization centre' (yellow box). + - **CAS operation block:** Contains 'Content sources', 'Billing', and 'Headend CAS system (including scrambler)'. + - A 'Secure CACS download sub-system' sits between the CRS headend and CAS operation block. +**Customer premises side:** + - **CRS set-top box:** Contains a 'Client CAS block' which includes 'CAM' (yellow box) and 'Descrambler' (yellow box). + - The 'CAM' and 'Descrambler' are connected via 'CW' (Control Word). + - The 'Descrambler' outputs to a 'TV' (Clear content output). +**Connectivity:** + - A 'Cable network (two-way network (e.g., DOCSIS) for CRS)' connects the Headend and Customer premises. + - Flows include: 'Authentication and CACS encryption key establishment', 'CA client S/W', 'Secure channel', 'ECM/EMM', and 'Encrypted content'. + +Figure 1 – Reference architecture of the RCAS and RCAS pairing protocol components + +**Figure 1 – Reference architecture of the RCAS and RCAS pairing protocol components** + +The specification of RCAS pairing function includes: + +- **A pairing protocol that supports CAM and DSC pairing:** The participants of the protocol should be authorization centre (AC), CAM authentication sub-system (CASS), CAM and DSC. +- **A control words encryption key (CWEK) establishment protocol:** If the control words are delivered in plaintext from CAM to DSC, a malicious user could possibly watch pay programmes by using the disclosed control words for decrypting the scrambled video streams. Therefore, the CAM must provide confidentiality for the control words by encrypting them with the CWEK. +- **AC participation in CWEK establishment:** Since a successful CWEK establishment between CAM and DSC means that the CAM believes the DSC as its correct pair, or vice versa, CWEK establishment must not be performed before the AC confirms that the CAM and DSC are correctly paired. For this reason, the RCAS CAM and DSC pairing protocol should make sure that the CAM and DSC establish a CWEK after they have received confirmation that the CAM and DSC are correctly paired from the AC. + +4 Rec. ITU-T J.1002 (03/2013) + +The RCAS pairing protocol consists of three sequences of phases: initialization, pairing and CWEK generation. The brief descriptions of each phase are as follows. + +- **Phase I:** Phase I is the 'Initialization'. At the initialization phase, the pairing protocol between the CAM and DSC is initiated. The CAM monitors the triggering conditions of the protocol, and starts the protocol procedures if it meets one of the triggering conditions. Then, the CAM and DSC exchange their own ITU-T X.509 certificates [ITU-T X.509] with each other. +- **Phase II:** Phase II is the 'Pairing'. At the pairing phase, when the CAM transmits identification information of itself (i.e., CAM\_ID) and the DSC (i.e., DSC\_ID) to the AC via CASS, the AC verifies validation of the identification information. If the identification information of the CAM and the DSC are validated, the CAM and the DSC are managed in pair. Then, AC transmits a validation verification message containing encryption seed key (i.e., KPK) to the CAM via CASS. +- **Phase III:** Phase III is the 'CWEK generation'. At the CWEK generation phase, the CAM and the DSC generates the control word encryption key (CWEK) and encrypts mutual traffic with the generated CWEKs. If the CAM is paired with the DSC, a CWEK of the CAM is the same as a CWEK of the DSC. + +In the following clause, each procedure of the security authentication method using the pairing protocol will be described in detail. + +# 7 Details of RCAS pairing protocol + +The detail descriptions of each RCAS pairing protocol steps are defined in the following clauses. + +## 7.1 Initialization + +Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of the initialization for security authentication between the CAM and DSC. Referring to Figure 2, a pairing protocol between the CAM and the DSC is initiated if present initialization conditions are satisfied. Here, the initialization may be conducted when the CAM is newly booted due to newly supplied power or due to the reset, when the CAM in a virgin state receives a security announce message from the CASS or when the CAM in a non-virgin state receives a client update request from the CASS through a RCAS download message. + +When any of the initialization conditions are satisfied, the CAM generates a certification request message (hereinafter referred to as DscCertReq message) including certificate information (CAM ITU-T X.509 CERTIFICATE) of the CAM and transmits the DscCertReq message to the DSC. In response to the receipt of the DscCertReq message from the CAM, the DSC verifies certificate signature using an AC root certificate. If the verification is successful, the DSC stores the certificate information of the CAM in a non-volatile memory of the DSC. + +Then, the DSC generates a certification response message (hereinafter referred to as DscCertRsp message) and transmits the DscCertRsp message to the CAM. Then, in response to the receipt of the DscCertRsp message, the CAM verifies a certificate signature using the AC root certificate. If the verification is successful, the CAM stores certificate information (DSC ITU-T X.509 CERTIFICATE) of the DSC, which is included in the DscCertRsp message, in a non-volatile memory of the CAM. + +![Figure 2 – Flowchart of the initialization phase. The diagram shows four lifelines: AC, CASS, CAM, and DSC. The sequence starts with a 'POWER ON' event on the CAM lifeline. The CASS sends a 'Security announce MESSAGE' to the CAM. The CASS then sends a 'RCAS download MESSAGE' to the CAM. The CAM sends a 'DscCertReq MESSAGE' to the DSC. The DSC sends a 'DscCertRsp MESSAGE' back to the CAM. The diagram is labeled J.1002(13)_F02 at the bottom right.](d4af765160d04ecef538e5066006dc77_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant AC + participant CASS + participant CAM + participant DSC + Note right of CAM: POWER ON + CASS->>CAM: Security announce MESSAGE + CASS->>CAM: RCAS download MESSAGE + CAM->>DSC: DscCertReq MESSAGE + DSC->>CAM: DscCertRsp MESSAGE + +``` + +Figure 2 – Flowchart of the initialization phase. The diagram shows four lifelines: AC, CASS, CAM, and DSC. The sequence starts with a 'POWER ON' event on the CAM lifeline. The CASS sends a 'Security announce MESSAGE' to the CAM. The CASS then sends a 'RCAS download MESSAGE' to the CAM. The CAM sends a 'DscCertReq MESSAGE' to the DSC. The DSC sends a 'DscCertRsp MESSAGE' back to the CAM. The diagram is labeled J.1002(13)\_F02 at the bottom right. + +**Figure 2 – Flowchart of the initialization phase** + +The summarized procedures of the initialization phase are as follows. + +- Step 1: If the CAM meets one of the below conditions, the CAM sends its ITU-T X.509 certificate to the DSC through a DscCertReq message. Note that a CAM can achieve the CASS ITU-T X.509 certificate from the SecurityAnnounce message that is supposed to be delivered from the CASS. + - \* Condition 1: when CAM is powered up or reset, + - \* Condition 2: when a virgin CAM receives a SecurityAnnounce message from a CASS, + - \* Condition 3: when a CAM receives a SecurityAnnounce message from a CASS right after the CAM moves to another MSO network, or + - \* Condition 4: when a non-virgin CAM is requested to update CA client images from a CASS via a RCASDownload message. +- Step 2: Right after the DSC receives a DscCertReq message from the CAM, the DSC verifies the signature of the CAM ITU-T X.509 certificate using the public key of the AC. Only if the DSC can successfully verify the CAM ITU-T X.509 certificate, does the DSC store the CAM\_ID and RSA public key of the CAM extracted from the CAM ITU-T X.509 certificate in the secure area of non-volatile memory. Otherwise, the DSC terminates this protocol. Finally, the DSC sends a DscCertRsp message including its ITU-T X.509 certificate to the CAM. +- Step 3: Right after the CAM receives the DscCertRsp message from the DSC, the CAM verifies the signature of the DSC ITU-T X.509 certificate using the public key of the AC. Only if the CAM can successfully verify the DSC ITU-T X.509 certificate, does the CAM store the DSC\_ID and RSA public key of the DSC extracted from the DSC ITU-T X.509 certificate in the secure area of non-volatile memory, and goes to the next phase. Otherwise, the CAM terminates this protocol. + +## 7.2 Pairing + +Figure 3 illustrates a flowchart of an example of a method of pairing a CAM and a DSC for security authentication. Referring to Figure 3, the CAM transmits a CAM identifier (CAM\_ID) and DSC identifier (DSC\_ID) to a CASS, and an AC verifies the validation of the respective identification information. In detail, the CAM encrypts a key request message including a pair of identifiers (hereinafter referred to as KeyPairingID) of the CAM and the DSC, and transmits the KeyPairingID + +to the AC via the CASS. The KeyPairingID is a concatenated value of the CAM identifier and the DSC identifier. + +The AC which has received the key request message verifies the validation of the KeyPairingID. For the validation verification, the AC compares originally issued identifier (ID) values of the CAM and the DSC with ID values of the CAM and the DSC, which are received through the key request message. Only when the originally-issued ID values are identical with the ID values received through the key request message, does the AC verify that the KeyPairingID is validated. + +![Sequence diagram of the pairing phase showing interactions between AC, CASS, CAM, and DSC.](eefe19c5e14dc4d6c316b7f7fbb7d7d7_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant AC + participant CASS + participant CAM + participant DSC + + CAM->>CASS: KeyPairingID + CASS->>AC: KeyPairingID + Note left of AC: VALIDATION VERIFICATION + AC->>CASS: KeyResponse MESSAGE + Note right of CASS: [SUCCESSFUL VALIDATION] + CASS->>CAM: VALIDATION VERIFICATION MESSAGE + Note right of CASS: [FAILURE IN VALIDATION] + CASS->>CAM: STATUS MESSAGE + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages during the pairing phase. It starts with the CAM sending a KeyPairingID to the CASS. The CASS then forwards this to the AC. The AC performs a validation verification (indicated by a circle on its lifeline). The AC sends a KeyResponse MESSAGE to the CASS. The CASS then sends a VALIDATION VERIFICATION MESSAGE to the CAM, accompanied by a status message indicating either [SUCCESSFUL VALIDATION] or [FAILURE IN VALIDATION]. The DSC lifeline is shown but has no messages. + +Sequence diagram of the pairing phase showing interactions between AC, CASS, CAM, and DSC. + +**Figure 3 – Flowchart of the pairing phase** + +The AC generates a key response message based on the validation verification result of the KeyPairingID. If the KeyPairingID is validated, the AC generates a key pairing key (KPK) that is a seed encryption key, and transmits a validation verification message indicating the validation of the KeyPairingID to the CAM via the AC. If the KeyPairingID is invalid, the AC transmits a status message indicating that the KeyPairingID is invalid. In this case, a status message that sets all bytes of the KPK to '0xff' is transmitted to the CAM via the CASS. + +The KeyPairingID validation process at AC utilizes pairing status information (PSI) as shown in Table 1. The PSI is maintained by the AC based on the pairing state diagram shown in Figure 4. As the pairing state diagram shows, PSI is classified into three types. The first type is Virgin('0x00'). The AC sets the PSI type as Virgin('0x00') when it issues identification information of the CAM and DSC and there have been no CAM-DSC pairing validation check requests from the MSO RCAS headend for them. The second type is Auth/Paired('0x01'). The AC changes the PSI type from Virgin('0x00') or Paired\_Only('0x10') to Auth/Paired('0x01') when the RCAS host devices in either a Virgin('0x00') state or Paired\_Only('0x10') state are connected to the MSO network and have passed the CAM-DSC pairing validation check in the AC. The third type is Paired\_Only('0x10'). The AC sets the PSI type to Paired\_Only('0x10') when the RCAS host devices in an Auth/Paired('0x01') state leave the MSO network. + +**Table 1 – Pairing state information** + +| CAM state | DSC state | Pairing state information | +|-----------|-----------|---------------------------| +| 0x00 | 0x00 | Virgin | +| 0x01 | 0x01 | Auth/Paired | +| 0x10 | 0x10 | Paired Only | + +![Pairing state diagram showing three states: Virgin, Auth/Paired, and Paired Only. Transitions are 'The first join' from Virgin to Auth/Paired, 'Leave' from Auth/Paired to Paired Only, and 'Join' from Paired Only back to Auth/Paired. Reference J.1002(13)_F04.](4ee27dbf5ef12e7b58b0ef0937bc5a5e_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> Virgin + Virgin --> Auth/Paired : The first join + Auth/Paired --> Paired Only : Leave + Paired Only --> Auth/Paired : Join + note right of Paired Only : J.1002(13)_F04 + +``` + +Pairing state diagram showing three states: Virgin, Auth/Paired, and Paired Only. Transitions are 'The first join' from Virgin to Auth/Paired, 'Leave' from Auth/Paired to Paired Only, and 'Join' from Paired Only back to Auth/Paired. Reference J.1002(13)\_F04. + +**Figure 4 – Pairing state diagram** + +**Table 2 – Generation method of the KeyPairingID and KPK** + +| Parameters | Generation method | +|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| KeyPairingID | CAM_ID DSC_ID | +| KPK | $\text{PRF}( H ( K_1 K_2 K_3 \text{CAM\_ID} \text{DSC\_ID} \text{RAND} ) )_{\text{msb}(160)}$ | + +The generation method of the security parameters is defined in Table 2. The following are detailed descriptions of the pairing phase. + +- Step 1: The CAM sends a KeyRequest message to the CASS. As shown in Figure 2, the KeyPairingID is encrypted with the public key of the CASS, and the content is signed with the private key of the CAM. Note that a CAM ITU-T X.509 certificate is added to the tail of this message without encryption. +- Step 2: The CASS receives the KeyRequest message from the CAM, and verifies the digital signature of the message. The CASS also stores the CAM ITU-T X.509 certificate for future communication with the CAM. If the CASS fails to verify the digital signature of the message, it discards this message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the CASS decrypts the KeyPairingID and generates a KeyRequest message including E(Pub(AC), KeyPairingID) instead of E(Pub(CASS), KeyPairingID). After that, the CASS sends this KeyRequest message to the AC. At this time, a CAM ITU-T X.509 certificate is not attached to this message. + +![Flowchart of identification validation procedures at the AC. The process starts with 'Start', followed by 'Receive KeyRequest message from CASS and extract CAM_ID and DSC_ID from KeyPairingID', then 'Find PSI having the same CAM_ID and DSC_ID in AC's DB'. A decision 'Found?' follows. If 'NO', it goes to 'End'. If 'YES', it checks 'PSI == 'Virgin(0x00)''? If 'YES', it changes the 'Pairing State' into 'Auth/Paired(0x01)' and judges the CAM and DSC as valid. If 'NO', it checks 'PSI == 'Paired Only(0x10)''? If 'YES', it changes the 'Pairing State' into 'Auth/Paired(0x01)' and judges the CAM and DSC as valid. If 'NO', it judges the CAM and DSC as invalid. Both valid and invalid judgments lead to 'End'. The label J.1002(13)_F05 is at the bottom right.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Start]) --> Step1[Receive KeyRequest message from CASS and extract CAM_ID and DSC_ID from KeyPairingID] + Step1 --> Step2[Find PSI having the same CAM_ID and DSC_ID in AC's DB] + Step2 --> Found{Found?} + Found -- NO --> End([End]) + Found -- YES --> Virgin{PSI == 'Virgin(0x00)'?} + Virgin -- YES --> Change[Change the 'Pairing State' into 'Auth/Paired(0x01)'] + Virgin -- NO --> PairedOnly{PSI == 'Paired Only(0x10)'?} + PairedOnly -- YES --> Change + PairedOnly -- NO --> Invalid[AC judges that the CAM and the DSC are invalid] + Change --> Valid[AC judges that the CAM and the DSC are valid] + Valid --> End + Invalid --> End + +``` + +J.1002(13)\_F05 + +Flowchart of identification validation procedures at the AC. The process starts with 'Start', followed by 'Receive KeyRequest message from CASS and extract CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID from KeyPairingID', then 'Find PSI having the same CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID in AC's DB'. A decision 'Found?' follows. If 'NO', it goes to 'End'. If 'YES', it checks 'PSI == 'Virgin(0x00)''? If 'YES', it changes the 'Pairing State' into 'Auth/Paired(0x01)' and judges the CAM and DSC as valid. If 'NO', it checks 'PSI == 'Paired Only(0x10)''? If 'YES', it changes the 'Pairing State' into 'Auth/Paired(0x01)' and judges the CAM and DSC as valid. If 'NO', it judges the CAM and DSC as invalid. Both valid and invalid judgments lead to 'End'. The label J.1002(13)\_F05 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 5 – Identification validation procedures at the AC** + +- Step 3: The AC receives the KeyRequest message from the CASS, and verifies the digital signature of the message. If the AC fails to verify the digital signature of the message, it discards this message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the AC decrypts the KeyPairingID and starts to validate the KeyPairingID based on the PSI as shown in Figure 5. The descriptions of Figure 5 are as follows. + - After the AC receives a KeyRequest message from the CASS, it extracts the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID from the KeyPairingID. + - Then, the AC searches the PSI regarding the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID from its own database. + - If the AC fails to find the record in its database regarding the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID, it terminates the protocol. + - If the PSI for the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID is equal to Virgin('0x00'), the AC changes the PSI from Virgin('0x00') to Auth/Paired('0x01') and judges that the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID have successfully passed the CAM-DSC pairing validation check. + - If the PSI for the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID is not equal to Virgin('0x00') but the same as Paired\_Only('0x10'), the AC changes the PSI from Paired\_Only('0x10') to Auth/Paired('0x01') and judges that the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID have successfully passed the CAM-DSC pairing validation check. + - For all other cases, the AC judges that the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID have failed to pass the CAM-DSC pairing validation check. + +After finishing the CAM-DSC pairing validation check, the AC generates a KeyResponse message including the encrypted KPK and signed KPK. At this time, the AC generates a KPK, which is uniquely assigned to the CAM, using the generation method shown in + +Table 2. Otherwise, the AC sets all bytes of the KPK as '0xff' to indicate that the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID pairing validation result is a failure. Finally, the AC sends the KeyResponse message to the CASS. + +- Step 4: The CASS receives the KeyResponse message from the DSC, and verifies the digital signature of the message. If the CASS fails to verify the digital signature of the message, it discards this message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the CASS generates the KeyResponse message including E(Pub(CAM), KPK) instead of E(Pub(CASS), KPK), and sends this message to the CAM. At this time, the signed value of the KPK, i.e., S(Prv(AC),KPK), is inserted into the message content as it is received from the AC. + +## 7.3 CWEK generation + +![Flowchart of the CWEK generation phase showing interactions between AC, CASS, CAM, and DSC. The CAM initiates the process with 'CWEK AND HMAC_KEY GENERATION', then sends a 'CWEKGenInfo MESSAGE' to the DSC, which responds with a 'CWEKGenInfoCnfm MESSAGE'.](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CAM + participant DSC + Note right of CAM: CWEK AND HMAC_KEY GENERATION + CAM->>DSC: CWEKGenInfo MESSAGE + DSC-->>CAM: CWEKGenInfoCnfm MESSAGE + +``` + +J.1002(13)\_F06 + +Flowchart of the CWEK generation phase showing interactions between AC, CASS, CAM, and DSC. The CAM initiates the process with 'CWEK AND HMAC\_KEY GENERATION', then sends a 'CWEKGenInfo MESSAGE' to the DSC, which responds with a 'CWEKGenInfoCnfm MESSAGE'. + +**Figure 6 – Flowchart of the CWEK generation phase** + +Figure 6 illustrates a flowchart of a key generation method for security authentication between a CAM and a DSC. Referring to Figure 6, a control word encryption key (CWEK) for encrypting traffic between the CAM and the DSC is generated. Since the CWEK is generated using the above-described KPK, it is possible for the CAM and the DSC to generate the same CWEKs only when the pairing of the CAM and the DSC is normally performed. The CWEK is formed by the equation in Table 3. + +More specifically, in response to the receipt of the validation verification message from the CASS, the CAM generates the CWEK and a hashed message authentication code key (hereinafter referred to as HMAC\_KEY). Then, the CAM generates a CWEK message (hereinafter referred to as CWEKGenInfo message) and transmits the generated CWEKGenInfo message to the DSC. The CWEKGenInfo message is encrypted with a public key of the DSC, and electronically signed with a private key of the CAM. Alternatively, if the CAM receives a key response message that indicates the failure of the validation from the CASS, a key response message which has all bytes of the KPK set to '0xff', the CAM transmits to the DSC a CWEKGenInfo message that includes the KPK having all bytes set to '0xff'. Note that HMAC\_KEY of the CAM is obtained by applying SHA1 to a concatenated value of the CAM\_ID, the DSC\_ID and a random number produced by a RAND function as shown in Table 3. + +**Table 3 – Generation method of the CWEK and HMAC\_KEY** + +| Parameters | Generation method | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CWEK | $H(\text{KPK} \parallel \text{CAM\_ID} \parallel \text{TP\_ID})\text{msb}(128)$ | +| HMAC_KEY | $H(\text{RAND}_{\text{HMAC}} \parallel \text{CAM\_ID} \parallel \text{TP\_ID})\text{msb}(160)$ | + +In response to the receipt of the KPK and HMAC\_KEY through the CWEK message from the CAM, the DSC generates a CWEK. The CWEK generated by the DSC is the same as the CWEK generated by the CAM if the DSC has been paired with the CAM. + +Then, the DSC transmits a CWEK confirmation message (hereinafter referred to as CWEKGenInfoCnfm message) including the generated CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY to the CAM. If all bytes of the KPK received from the CAM are set as '0xff', the DSC terminates the pairing protocol. The CWEKGenInfoCnfm message is encrypted with a public key of the CAM and electronically signed with a private key of the DSC. + +Subsequently, in response to the receipt of the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message the CAM checks whether the CWEK generated by the CAM and the HMAC\_KEY are the same as those included in the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message. If the CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY of the CAM are identical with those included in the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message, the CAM shares the CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY with the DSC. Then, the CAM encrypts control words and transmits them to the DSC. + +The summarized procedures of the CWEK generation phase are as follows. + +- Step 1: The CAM receives the KeyResponse message from the CASS, and verifies the digital signature of the message. If the CAM fails to verify the digital signature of the message, it discards this message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the CAM decrypts the KPK, and verifies $S(\text{Prv}(\text{AC}), \text{KPK})$ with the decrypted value of the KPK using the public key of the AC. Note that the DSC already has the AC root certificate in its memory. If the CAM fails to verify the digital signature of the KPK, it also discards the KeyResponse message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the CAM generates the CWEK and HMAC\_KEY as shown in Table 3. Then, the CAM also generates a CWEKGenInfo message including a KPK and $\text{RAND}_{\text{HMAC}}$ except when all bytes of the KPK are '0xff'. If all bytes of KPK are '0xff', it terminates this RCAS CAM and DSC pairing protocol since the value of '0xff' means that the CAM\_ID and DSC\_ID pairing validation result is a failure. Finally, the CAM sends the CWEKGenInfo message to the DSC. Note that the value of $S(\text{Prv}(\text{AC}), \text{KPK})$ is inserted into the message content as it is received from the CASS through a KeyResponse message. +- Step 2: The DSC receives the CWEKGenInfo message from the CAM, and verifies the digital signature of the message. If the DSC fails to verify the digital signature of the message, it discards this message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the DSC decrypts the KPK and $\text{RAND}_{\text{HMAC}}$ . After that, the DSC verifies $S(\text{Prv}(\text{AC}), \text{KPK})$ with the decrypted value of KPK using the public key of the AC. Note that the DSC already has the AC root certificate in its memory. If the DSC fails to verify the digital signature of the KPK, it also discards the CWEKGenInfo message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the DSC generates a CWEK and HMAC\_KEY with the KPK and $\text{RAND}_{\text{HMAC}}$ as shown in Table 3. Finally, the DSC generates a CWEKGenInfoCnfm message including $H(\text{CWEK})||H(\text{HMAC\_KEY})$ and sends this message to the CAM. +- Step 3: The CAM receives the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message from the DSC, and verifies the digital signature of the message. If the CAM fails to verify the digital signature of the message, it discards this message and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, the CAM decrypts $H(\text{CWEK})||H(\text{HMAC\_KEY})$ from the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message, and generates the hashed value with the CWEK and HMAC\_KEY that were generated in Step 1. Finally, the CAM compares the hashed values received from the DSC with those generated by the CAM itself. If the two hashed values are mismatched, the CAM terminates the protocol. +- Step 4: After the CAM and DSC share the same CWEK and HMAC\_KEY, the CWEK is used for encrypting the control words with the symmetric encryption algorithm, and HMAC\_KEY is used for applying the HMAC algorithm to the messages, which includes control words, for the purpose of message authentication. Note that the CAS headend sends + +updated control words very frequently, e.g., 1~20 seconds, to the CAM. Therefore, CAM also has to deliver control words from the CAS headend to DSC whenever CAM receives the updated control words from headend. In this circumstance, the primary decision criteria for a message authentication algorithm should be a computational overload, not a security concern. As a result, the HMAC algorithm is selected instead of a digital signature algorithm for the practical reason of reducing computational overload. + +# 8 CAM and DSC interface message format and encryption + +![Figure 7: CAM and DSC interface message format diagram showing a stack of three fields: CAM-DSC HEADER, CAM-DSC CONTENT, and HMAC. A label J.1002(13)_F07 is present at the bottom right of the stack.](dfe556fea00682b09a59427aaf72051c_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: CAM and DSC interface message format diagram showing a stack of three fields: CAM-DSC HEADER, CAM-DSC CONTENT, and HMAC. A label J.1002(13)\_F07 is present at the bottom right of the stack. + +Figure 7 – CAM and DSC interface message format + +![Figure 8: CAM-DSC CONTENT encryption and HMAC processes diagram. The diagram is split into two horizontal sections: CAM (top) and DSC (bottom). In the CAM section, the CAM-DSC HEADER is input to an HMAC-SHA1 block, which outputs an HMAC value. The CAM-DSC CONTENT is input to an AES-128-ECB Encryption block. The output of the encryption block and the HMAC value are combined (indicated by a circle with a plus sign) to form the final message structure: CAM-DSC HEADER, CAM-DSC CONTENT, and HMAC. In the DSC section, the CAM-DSC HEADER is input to an HMAC-SHA1 block, which outputs an HMAC value. The CAM-DSC CONTENT is input to an AES-128-ECB Decryption block. The output of the decryption block and the HMAC value are combined (indicated by a circle with a plus sign) to form the final message structure: CAM-DSC HEADER, CAM-DSC CONTENT, and HMAC. A dashed line labeled 'HMAC Verification' connects the HMAC value in the CAM section to the HMAC value in the DSC section. A label J.1002(13)_F08 is present at the bottom right of the diagram.](9b9d2abd741ed4bafe7f78f89961c663_img.jpg) + +Figure 8: CAM-DSC CONTENT encryption and HMAC processes diagram. The diagram is split into two horizontal sections: CAM (top) and DSC (bottom). In the CAM section, the CAM-DSC HEADER is input to an HMAC-SHA1 block, which outputs an HMAC value. The CAM-DSC CONTENT is input to an AES-128-ECB Encryption block. The output of the encryption block and the HMAC value are combined (indicated by a circle with a plus sign) to form the final message structure: CAM-DSC HEADER, CAM-DSC CONTENT, and HMAC. In the DSC section, the CAM-DSC HEADER is input to an HMAC-SHA1 block, which outputs an HMAC value. The CAM-DSC CONTENT is input to an AES-128-ECB Decryption block. The output of the decryption block and the HMAC value are combined (indicated by a circle with a plus sign) to form the final message structure: CAM-DSC HEADER, CAM-DSC CONTENT, and HMAC. A dashed line labeled 'HMAC Verification' connects the HMAC value in the CAM section to the HMAC value in the DSC section. A label J.1002(13)\_F08 is present at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Figure 8 – CAM-DSC CONTENT encryption and HMAC processes + +The encryption is performed on the CAM-DSC CONTENT field of a message, and HMAC authentication is performed on both a CAM-DSC HEADER field and the CAM-DSC CONTENT field. RSA encryption and RSA electronic signature verification is performed on the CAM-DSC CONTENT field of the CWEK message. For example, the RSA encryption is performed using an RSAES\_OAEP scheme, and RSA electronic signature verification is performed using an RSASSA-PSS scheme. + +Figure 7 illustrates a configuration of a message to be transmitted between the CAM and DSC. Referring to Figure 7, the message includes a CAM-DSC HEADER field, a CAM-DSC CONTENT field and a hashed message authentication code (HMAC) field. + +Advanced encryption standard (AES) encryption and HMAC authentication are performed on all messages described with reference to Figures 2, 3 and 6, except the DscCertReq message, the DscCertRsp message and the CWEKGenInfo message. + +In detail, the CAM and the DSC perform AES encryption selectively on such important fields as a control word in the CAM-DSC CONTENT field using the CWEK as an encryption key. The CAM and the DSC encrypt data to be transmitted to each other using the CWEK. The advanced encryption standard 128 electric code block (AES 128 ECB) scheme is used for the encryption. The AES 128 ECB scheme encrypts elements of a message, which requires encryption and is communicated between the CAM and the DSC, using the SWEK as an encryption key. For HMAC authentication, a 160-bit value produced by HMAC-SHA1 scheme with respect to the CAM-DSC HEADER and the CAM-DSC CONTENT is concatenated with the CAM-DSC CONTENT as shown in Figure 8. + +## 8.1 DscCertReq message + +The format of DscCertReq message is defined in Table 4. + +**Table 4 – The format of DscCertReq message** + +| Field description | Type(Length)
(ASN.1 notation) | Note | +|-------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| CAM-DSC_header{ | | | +| Message_Type | OCTET STRING (SIZE(2)) | Value: 0x0011 | +| Message_Length | OCTET STRING (SIZE(4)) | The length of CAM-DSC_header and CAM-DSC_content | +| Message_Nonce | OCTET STRING (SIZE(8)) | | +| Protocol_Version | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | | +| Reserved | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | Value: 0x00 | +| } | | | +| CAM-DSC content{ | | | +| Cert(CAM) | BIT STRING | | +| } | | | + +## 8.2 DscCertRsp message + +The format of DscCertRsp message is defined in Table 5. + +**Table 5 – The format of DscCertRsp message** + +| Field description | Type(Length)
(ASN.1 notation) | Note | +|-------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| CAM-DSC_header{ | | | +| Message_Type | OCTET STRING (SIZE(2)) | Value: 0x0012 | +| Message_Length | OCTET STRING (SIZE(4)) | The length of CAM-DSC_header and CAM-DSC_content | +| Message_Nonce | OCTET STRING (SIZE(8)) | | +| Protocol_Version | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | | +| Reserved | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | Value: 0x00 | +| } | | | +| CAM-DSC content{ | | | + +**Table 5 – The format of DscCertRsp message** + +| Field description | Type(Length)
(ASN.1 notation) | Note | +|-------------------|----------------------------------|------| +| Cert(DSC) | BIT STRING | | +| } | | | + +## 8.3 CWEKGenInfo message + +The format of CWEKGenInfo message is defined in Table 6. + +**Table 6 – The format of CWEKGenInfo message** + +| Field description | Type(Length)
(ASN.1 notation) | Note | +|---------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| CAM-DSC_header{ | | | +| Message_Type | OCTET STRING (SIZE(2)) | Value: 0x0013 | +| Message_Length | OCTET STRING (SIZE(4)) | The length of CAM-DSC_header and CAM-DSC_content | +| Message_Nonce | OCTET STRING (SIZE(8)) | | +| Protocol_Version | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | | +| Reserved | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | Value: 0x00 | +| } | | | +| CAM-DSC content{ | | | +| E(Pub(DSC), KPK RAND HMAC ) S(Prv(DSC), KPK) | OCTET STRING (SIZE(128)) | | +| } | | | +| S(Prv(CAM), (CAM-DSC_header CAM-DSC_content)) | OCTET STRING (SIZE(128)) | | + +## 8.4 CWEKGenInfoCnfm message + +The format of CWEKGenInfoCnfm message is defined in Table 7. + +**Table 7 – The format of CWEKGenInfoCnfm message** + +| Field description | Type(Length)
(ASN.1 notation) | Note | +|-------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| CAM-DSC_header{ | | | +| Message_Type | OCTET STRING (SIZE(2)) | Value: 0x0014 | +| Message_Length | OCTET STRING (SIZE(4)) | The length of CAM-DSC_header and CAM-DSC_content | +| Message_Nonce | OCTET STRING (SIZE(8)) | | +| Protocol_Version | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | | +| Reserved | OCTET STRING (SIZE(1)) | Value: 0x00 | + +**Table 7 – The format of CWEGenInfoCnfm message** + +| Field description | Type(Length)
(ASN.1 notation) | Note | +|---------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|------| +| } | | | +| CAM-DSC content{ | | | +| H(CWEK) H(HMAC_KEY) | OCTET STRING (SIZE(128)) | | +| } | | | +| S(Prv(DSC), (CAM-DSC_header
CAM-DSC_content) | OCTET STRING (SIZE(128)) | | + +# Appendix I + +## The functional structures for the CAM and DSC + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### I.1 Functional structure for CAM + +Figure I.1 illustrates a functional structure of a CAM. Referring to Figure I.1, the CAM includes a CAM pairing unit, a CAM key generating unit, a CAM encrypting unit and a CAM control unit. + +When a preset initialization condition is satisfied, the CAM pairing unit transmits to the DSC a certification request message (DscCertReq message) including the certificate information (CAM ITU-T X.509 CERTIFICATE) of the CAM, and receives a certification response message (DscCertRsp message) including the certificate information (DSC ITU-T X.509 CERTIFICATE) of the DSC from the DSC. + +In response to the receipt of the DscCertRsp message, the CAM pairing unit encrypts a key request message including an identifier pair consisting of a CAM identifier (CAM\_ID) and a DSC identifier (DSC\_ID), and transmits the encrypted key request message to a headend. In response, the CAM pairing unit receives a key response message including a KPK, which is a seed key for the identifier pair from the headend. The KPK produces a pseudo-random number sequence using a KeyPairingID value, which is obtained by concatenating the CAM\_ID and the DSC\_ID as a seed value when the KeyPairingID value is validated. + +According to the result of verifying validation of the KeyPairingID value by the headend, the key response message to be received by the CAM includes the KPK when the KeyPairingID is validated, and values of all bytes of the KPK included in the key response message are set to '0xff' when the KeyPairingID is invalid. + +The CAM key generating unit generates a CWEK message (CWEKGenInfo message), which includes a CWEK and an HMAC\_KEY, based on the KPK, and transmits the generated CWEKGenInfo message to the DSC. The CWEKGenInfo message is encrypted with a public key of the DSC and electronically signed with a private key of the CAM. + +Thereafter, when the DSC generates a CWEK and an HMAC\_KEY, the CAM key generating unit receives a CWEK confirmation message (CWEKGenInfoCnfm message) including the generated CWEK and HMAC\_KEY from the DSC. The CWEKGenInfoCnfm message is encrypted with a public key of the CAM, and electronically signed with a private key of the DSC. When the values of all bytes of the KPK transmitted from the CAM are set as '0xff', the DSC terminates the pairing protocol. + +When the CAM key generating unit receives the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message, the CAM encrypting unit checks whether the CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY, which are included in the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message, are identical with the CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY that are generated by the CAM key generating unit. If the CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY are the same as those of the CWEKGenInfoCnfm, the CAM shares the generated CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY with the DSC, and the CAM encrypting unit encrypts a control word using CWEK and transmits the encrypted control word and keys to the DSC. + +The CAM control unit controls the CAM pairing unit, the CAM key generating unit and the CAM encrypting unit. + +![Figure I.1 – CAM functional structure diagram. The diagram shows four functional units: CAM CONTROL UNIT, CAM PAIRING UNIT, CAM KEY GENERATING UNIT, and CAM ENCRYPTING UNIT. The CAM CONTROL UNIT is connected to the CAM PAIRING UNIT and the CAM KEY GENERATING UNIT. The CAM PAIRING UNIT is connected to the CAM ENCRYPTING UNIT and has external connections to CASS and DSC. The CAM KEY GENERATING UNIT is connected to the CAM ENCRYPTING UNIT and has an external connection to DSC. The diagram is labeled J.1002(13)_FI.1.](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +Figure I.1 – CAM functional structure diagram. The diagram shows four functional units: CAM CONTROL UNIT, CAM PAIRING UNIT, CAM KEY GENERATING UNIT, and CAM ENCRYPTING UNIT. The CAM CONTROL UNIT is connected to the CAM PAIRING UNIT and the CAM KEY GENERATING UNIT. The CAM PAIRING UNIT is connected to the CAM ENCRYPTING UNIT and has external connections to CASS and DSC. The CAM KEY GENERATING UNIT is connected to the CAM ENCRYPTING UNIT and has an external connection to DSC. The diagram is labeled J.1002(13)\_FI.1. + +**Figure I.1 – CAM functional structure** + +### I.2 Functional structure for DSC + +Figure I.2 illustrates a functional structure of a DSC. Referring to Figure I.2, the DSC includes a DSC pairing unit, a DSC key generating unit, a DSC encrypting unit and a DSC control unit. + +The DSC pairing unit receives a DscCertReq message including CAM ITU-T X.509 CERTIFICATE of the CAM, and transmits a DscCertRsp including CAM ITU-T X.509 CERTIFICATE of the DSC to the CAM. + +When a headend verifies the validation of a KeyPairingID, which is an identifier pair consisting of a CAM identifier and a DSC identifier and is received from the CAM, the DSC pairing unit receives a CWEKGenInfo message including a KPK and an HMAC\_KEY for the KeyPairingID from the CAM. The KPK produces a pseudo-random number sequence using a KeyPairingID value as a seed value when the KeyPairingID value is validated. + +![Figure I.2 – DSC functional structure diagram. The diagram shows four functional units: DSC CONTROL UNIT, DSC PAIRING UNIT, DSC KEY GENERATING UNIT, and DSC ENCRYPTING UNIT. The DSC CONTROL UNIT is connected to the DSC PAIRING UNIT and the DSC KEY GENERATING UNIT. The DSC PAIRING UNIT is connected to the DSC ENCRYPTING UNIT and has an external connection to CASS. The DSC KEY GENERATING UNIT is connected to the DSC ENCRYPTING UNIT and has an external connection to CAM. The diagram is labeled J.1002(13)_FI.2.](ab846b81e78dbc8da2a6f9511e2f248a_img.jpg) + +Figure I.2 – DSC functional structure diagram. The diagram shows four functional units: DSC CONTROL UNIT, DSC PAIRING UNIT, DSC KEY GENERATING UNIT, and DSC ENCRYPTING UNIT. The DSC CONTROL UNIT is connected to the DSC PAIRING UNIT and the DSC KEY GENERATING UNIT. The DSC PAIRING UNIT is connected to the DSC ENCRYPTING UNIT and has an external connection to CASS. The DSC KEY GENERATING UNIT is connected to the DSC ENCRYPTING UNIT and has an external connection to CAM. The diagram is labeled J.1002(13)\_FI.2. + +**Figure I.2 – DSC functional structure** + +The DSC key generation unit generates a CKEK using the KPK and the HMAC\_KEY of the received CWEKGenInfo message, then, the DSC key generating unit transmits a CWEKGenInfoCnfm message including the generated CWEK and HMAC\_KEY to the CAM. If all bytes of the KPK received from the CAM are set as '0xff', the DSC key generating unit terminates the pairing protocol. The CWEKGenInfoCnfm message may be encrypted with a public key of the CAM and electronically signed with a private key of the DSC. + +The DSC encrypting unit shares the CWEK and the HMAC\_KEY, which are transmitted through the CWEKGenInfoCnfm message to the CAM, with the CAM if the transmitted CWEK and HMAC\_KEY are identical with those of the CAM. In addition, the DSC encrypting unit encrypts data to be transmitted to the CAM, and performs hashed message authentication on a message to be transmitted. + +The DSC control unit controls the DSC pairing unit, the DSC key generating unit and the DSC encrypting unit. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.93] Recommendation ITU-T J.93 (1998), *Requirements for conditional access in the secondary distribution of digital television on cable television systems.* +- [b-ITU-T J.122] Recommendation ITU-T J.122 (2007), *Second-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems.* +- [b-ITU-T J.128] Recommendation ITU-T J.128 (2008), *Set-top gateway specification for transmission systems for interactive cable television services.* +- [b-ITU-T J.193] Recommendation ITU-T J.193 (2004), *Requirements for the next generation of set-top-boxes.* +- [b-ITU-T J.290] Recommendation ITU-T J.290 (2006), *Next generation set-top box core architecture.* + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1003-201410-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1003-201410-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d9573af3208fb522d8625c8631af8e63a5d1b71 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1003-201410-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1041 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1003** + +(10/2014) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Conditional access and protection – Renewable +conditional access system + +# --- **Specifications of network protocol for renewable conditional access system** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1003 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1003 + +# Specifications of network protocol for renewable conditional access system + +# Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1003 specifies the renewable conditional access system (RCAS) network protocol that supports authentication and secure download of conditional access client software (CACS) required in Recommendation ITU-T J.1001. + +# History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1003 | 2014-10-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/12323 | + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2015 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 | Overview of RCAS network protocol ..... | 4 | +| 7 | Protocol processing procedures ..... | 5 | +| 7.1 | Announcement phase..... | 5 | +| 7.2 | Key establishment phase ..... | 6 | +| 7.3 | CAM registration phase..... | 8 | +| 7.4 | CACS renewal phase..... | 9 | +| 8 | Protocol security ..... | 9 | +| 8.1 | Message security ..... | 9 | +| 8.2 | CAM client image security..... | 10 | +| 8.3 | Security parameters generation ..... | 10 | +| 9 | Message ..... | 11 | +| 9.1 | Message format ..... | 11 | +| 9.2 | Message fields ..... | 13 | +| 9.3 | Message notations ..... | 13 | +| | Annex A – ASN.1 message notation between CASS and CAM ..... | 14 | +| | Annex B – Fast mode of network protocol for RCAS..... | 18 | +| B.1 | Protocol processing procedures ..... | 18 | +| | Annex C – CAM cloning detection process..... | 22 | +| | Bibliography..... | 26 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1003 + +## Specifications of network protocol for renewable conditional access system + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the renewable conditional access system (RCAS) network protocol that supports authentication and secure download of conditional access client software (CACS) required in [ITU-T J.1001]. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.1001] Recommendation ITU-T J.1001 (2012), *Requirements for renewable conditional access system*. +- [ITU-T J.1002] Recommendation ITU-T J.1002 (2013), *Pairing protocol specification for renewable conditional access system*. +- [ITU-T X.509] Recommendation ITU-T X.509 (2008) | ISO/IEC 9594-8:2008, *Information technology – Open systems interconnection – The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks*. +- [ITU-T X.690] Recommendation ITU-T X.690 (2008) | ISO/IEC 8825-1:2008, *Information technology – ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER)*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +- 3.1.1 conditional access (CA)** [b-ITU-T J.193]: The conditional granting of access to cable services and content based upon what service suite has been purchased by the customer. +- 3.1.2 descrambling** [b-ITU-T J.93]: The processes of reversing the scrambling function (see "scrambling") to yield usable pictures, sound and data services. +- 3.1.3 entitlement control messages (ECMs)** [b-ITU-T J.290]: An ECM is an encrypted message that contains access criteria to various service tiers and a control word (CW). +- 3.1.4 entitlement management messages (EMMs)** [b-ITU-T J.290]: The EMM contains the actual authorization data and shall be sent in a secure method to each CPE device. +- 3.1.5 scrambling** [b-ITU-T J.93]: The process of using an encryption function to render television and data signals unusable to unauthorized parties. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +### 3.2.1 Security symbols + +| Security symbols | Descriptions | +|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| Pub(X) | Public key of X | +| Prv(X) | Private key of X | +| E(k,m) | Encryption of a message m with key k. | +| S(k,m) | Digital signature for a message m with signing key k. | +| H(m) | SHA-256 hashing for a message m | +| HMAC(k,m) | HMAC-SHA1 for a message m with key k | +| X Y | Concatenation of X and Y | +| Cert(X) | X.509 certificate of X | +| PRF(X) | Pseudo random function having a seed value of X | +| X msb(Y) | Y bits from MSB of X | + +### 3.2.2 Parameter definitions + +| Parameter names | Descriptions | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DSC_ID | The value of identification of DSC having a size of 40 bytes | +| CAM_ID | The value of identification of CAM having a size of 8 bytes | +| KeyPairingID | The value of concatenation with CAM_ID and DSC_ID, i.e., CAM_ID DSC_ID | +| CWEK | The abbreviation of control words encryption key and used to encrypt control words .
The CWEK generation method is
$CWEK = H(CWEK CAM\_ID DSC\_ID)msb(128)$ | +| KPK | The abbreviation of key pairing key. The authorization centre (AC) generates the KPK if the KeyPairingID is valid. | +| HMAC_KEY | A hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) secret key. CAM uses HMAC_KEY to generate an HMAC value for the message including control words .
The HMAC_KEY generation method is
$HMAC\_KEY = H(RAND_{HMAC} CAM\_ID DSC\_ID)msb(160)$ , Here RAND HMAC is achieved by $PRF(X)msb(320)$ | +| RAND | Random number with 320 bits | +| K i | The pre-shared key having the size of 128 bits. The AC uniquely assigns three K i to each CAM. K i should be a generated random generation function. | + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following Abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|------------------------------------| +| AC | Authorization Centre | +| ASN | Abstract Syntax Notation | +| BER | Basic Encoding Rules | +| CACS | Conditional Access Client Software | + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------| +| CAM | Conditional Access Module | +| CASS | CAM Authentication Sub-System | +| CCCIEK | Common CAM Client Image Encryption Key | +| CCI | CAM Client Image | +| CHK | Common Hash Key | +| CPE | Customer Premise Equipment | +| CWEK | Control Words Encryption Key | +| DOCSIS | Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification | +| HMAC | Hash-based Message Authentication Code | +| ICCIEK | Individual CAM Client Image Encryption Key | +| IHK | Individual Hash Key | +| IV | Initialization Vector | +| KPK | Key Pairing Key | +| MEK | Message Encryption Key | +| MK | Master Key | +| PRF | Pseudo Random number generation Function | +| PRNG | Pseudo Random Number Generator | +| RCAS | Renewable Conditional Access System | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Overview of RCAS network protocol + +![Figure 1 – Reference architecture of RCAS. The diagram shows the Headend and Customer premise connected by a Cable network. The Headend contains the CAM authentication sub-system (CASS), Authorization centre (AC), and Secure CACS download sub-system. The Customer premise contains the RCAS set-top box with CAM, Descrambler, and TV. The diagram illustrates the flow of authentication, key establishment, and content delivery.](f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the reference architecture of RCAS, divided into Headend and Customer premise components connected by a Cable network (e.g., DOCSIS) for CRS. + +- Headend:** + - CAM authentication sub-system (CASS):** Interacts with the AC and the CAM in the customer premise via the cable network for authentication and CACS encryption key establishment. + - Authorization centre (AC):** Connected to the CASS and provides information for authentication. + - Secure CACS download sub-system:** Transmits CA client S/W to the CAM through a secure channel. + - Headend CAS system (including scrambler):** Receives content from content sources and billing, and transmits ECM/EMM and encrypted content to the CAM. +- Cable network (e.g., DOCSIS) for CRS:** A two-way network connecting the headend and the customer premise. +- Customer premise:** + - RCAS set-top box:** Contains the CAM, Descrambler, and TV. + - CAM:** Interacts with the CASS for authentication and receives CA client S/W from the secure CACS download sub-system. It obtains CW from the descrambler. + - Descrambler:** Receives encrypted content from the headend CAS system and CW from the CAM to produce clear content output to the TV. + - Client CAS block:** Associated with the CAM. + - Clear content output:** Delivered to the TV. + +Additional components and labels include: + +- RCAS headend:** Label for the CASS and AC. +- CAS operation block:** Label for the content sources and billing. +- Secure channel:** Between the secure CACS download sub-system and the CAM. +- ECM/EMM:** Transmitted from the headend CAS system to the CAM. +- Encrypted content:** Transmitted from the headend CAS system to the CAM. +- J.1003(14)\_F01:** Reference label at the bottom right. + +Figure 1 – Reference architecture of RCAS. The diagram shows the Headend and Customer premise connected by a Cable network. The Headend contains the CAM authentication sub-system (CASS), Authorization centre (AC), and Secure CACS download sub-system. The Customer premise contains the RCAS set-top box with CAM, Descrambler, and TV. The diagram illustrates the flow of authentication, key establishment, and content delivery. + +**Figure 1 – Reference architecture of RCAS** + +Figure 1 is a reference architecture illustrating a configuration of a renewable conditional access system (RCAS). The RCAS provides a mutual authentication method between a conditional access module (CAM) and a CAM authentication sub-system (CASS). A mutual authentication includes the CAM of a RCAS set-top box, the CASS of a RCAS headend and an authorization centre (AC) connected to the CASS. As shown in Figure 1 the CAM and the CASS interactively communicate with each other through a cable network for this mutual authentication. The AC provides a variety of important information used for authentication through the CASS. The CASS transmits information used for authentication received from the AC to the CAM by means of a suitable communication system such as data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS). All types of key information generated during the authentication are managed by the AC. When the authentication is completed normally, the conditional access client software (CACS) is transmitted to the CAM through a secure CACS download sub-system. After downloading the CACS, the CAM obtains viewing entitlement with respect to a scrambled and transmitted broadcasting signal and provides a subscriber with a fee-based broadcasting service through customer premise equipment (CPE). The messages exchanged among the CAM, the CASS and the AC are defined as a RCAS network protocol. The RCAS network protocol enables a security and authentication function for messages exchanged among the CAM, the CASS and the AC. + +The specification of RCAS network protocol includes the following functions for authentication and secure download of CACS that are specified in [ITU-T J.1001]: + +- **Security announcement function:** The ability to provide information such as initial configuration, upgrade, or access information, to CAMs in the network through the RCAS network protocol. +- **Key establishment and authentication function:** The establishment CACS encryption and authentication key which is used for encrypting CACS to protect the image of CACS while it is delivered from the headend to CAM. +- **Supporting RCAS pairing function:** It is required that RCAS network protocol supports the RCAS pairing function which is specified in [ITU-T J.1002] while RCAS network protocol is operated. +- **Renewal information announcement function:** The ability to provide the CACS download information to CAM through the RCAS network protocol. + +# 7 Protocol processing procedures + +Figure 2 is a sequence chart illustrating a mutual authentication method based on RCAS network protocol. In this protocol, it is assumed that the CAM retains an AC certificate (AC X.509 certificate), a CAM certificate, a Ki value and a three operator variant algorithm configuration field (OP). The CASS is assumed to retain an AC certificate (AC X.509 certificate) and a CASS certificate (CASS X.509 certificate). The AC is assumed to retain an AC certificate (AC X.509 certificate), a CASS certificate (CASS X.509 certificate), a CAM certificate, a three OP, a Ki value and a key pairing identifier (ID). Under these assumptions, the sequence chart of a mutual authentication method includes an 'Announcement phase', a 'Key establishment phase', a 'CAM registration phase' and a 'CACS renewal phase' as shown in the Figure 2. + +![Sequence chart of RCAS network protocol showing four phases: Announcement, Key establishment, CAM registration, and CACS renewal between AC, CASS, and CAM entities.](e9314c83043183351ed74908e9bf2f90_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant AC + participant CASS + participant CAM + + Note left of AC: Announcement phase + CASS->>CAM: RCASAnnounce + Note right of CASS: Opt + CASS->>CAM: RCASRenewal + + Note left of AC: Key establishment phase + CAM->>CASS: KeyRequest + CASS->>AC: KeyRequest + AC->>CASS: KeyResponse + CASS->>CAM: KeyResponse + Note right of CAM: CAM verifies message integrity and derives encryption keys + + Note left of AC: CAM registration phase + CAM->>CASS: CAMReg + Note right of CASS: CASS verifies message integrity and derives encryption keys, then confirms the keys + CASS->>CAM: CAMRegConfirm + + Note left of AC: CACS renewal phase + CASS->>CAM: RenewInfo + CAM->>CASS: RenewConfirm + +``` + +The sequence chart illustrates the interaction between three entities: AC (Authentication Center), CASS (Certificate Authority Server), and CAM (CAM Client). The process is divided into four distinct phases, each highlighted with a different background color: + +- Announcement phase (Yellow):** The CASS sends an `RCASAnnounce` message to the CAM. An optional `RCASRenewal` message is also shown. +- Key establishment phase (Green):** The CAM sends a `KeyRequest` to the CASS, which in turn sends a `KeyRequest` to the AC. The AC responds with a `KeyResponse` to the CASS, which then forwards it to the CAM. A note indicates that the CAM verifies message integrity and derives encryption keys. +- CAM registration phase (Blue):** The CAM sends a `CAMReg` message to the CASS. A note indicates that the CASS verifies message integrity, derives encryption keys, and then confirms the keys with a `CAMRegConfirm` message to the CAM. +- CACS renewal phase (Pink):** The CASS sends a `RenewInfo` message to the CAM, which responds with a `RenewConfirm` message. + +J.1003(14)\_F02 + +Sequence chart of RCAS network protocol showing four phases: Announcement, Key establishment, CAM registration, and CACS renewal between AC, CASS, and CAM entities. + +Figure 2 – A sequence chart of RCAS network protocol + +## 7.1 Announcement phase + +In the announcement phase, the RCAS headend controls the CASS to transmit an `RCASAnnounce` message or an `RCASRenewal` message to the CAM. The role of this message is to notify the start of RCAS network protocol as well as to provide the CASS server access information to all CAMs. + +The `RCASAnnounce` message provides the 'CAM Client Version' information such as 'CAM HW version', 'CAM SW version' and 'CACS type', etc., as well as 'CASS' information such as the 'IP address of CASS', 'IP connection type (e.g., TCP or UDP)' and the 'Listening port number', etc. The `RCASAnnounce` message is authenticated by the CASS using a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) scheme and the CASS transmits the authenticated `RCASAnnounce` message to the + +CAM using a multicast scheme. The CAM performs a HMAC message authentication using a common hash key (CHK) which is assumed to be included in the CAM before the start of this phase. The HMAC message authentication is performed to authenticate the RCASAnnounce message received from the CASS and accordingly the CAM performs a key establishment phase. It must be noted that CAM should acquire CHK from the key establishment phase when the CHK of the CAM differs from that of the CASS, or when the CAM is moved to a CASS zone, or when the CAM is in a virgin state. + +The RCAS headend optionally can send an RCASRenewal message to CAMs using CASS when the RCAS headend wants to spread the download time intentionally as well as request key updates or purchase information. By utilizing this message, the RCAS headend can let a CAM know the CACS download time, or request the CAM to send a KeyRequest message or purchase information. To do this, the RCASRenewal message provides the information of CACS image download time, key upgrade request and purchase information request, etc. The RCASRenewal message is authenticated using the same method as that for the RCASAnnounce message. + +## 7.2 Key establishment phase + +In the key establishment phase, the RCAS headend receives a KeyRequest message from the CAM using the CASS in response to the RCASAnnounce message and transmits the received KeyRequest message to the AC. CASS receives the KeyResponse information from the AC in response to the KeyRequest message and transmits the received KeyResponse message to the CAM. + +Specifically, CAM transmits, to the CASS, a KeyRequest message digitally signed by a private key of the CAM. + +The RCAS headend verifies a digital signature of the KeyRequest message using the CASS and transmits a new KeyRequest message to the AC. Here, the new KeyRequest message is regenerated based on a key pairing ID and a CASS ID extracted from the KeyRequest message. + +The RCAS headend searches for a CAM certificate based on the key pairing ID using the AC and authenticates the CAM based on the CAM certificate. The AC defines a result of the authentication of the CAM in the KeyResponse message and transmits the KeyResponse message to the CASS. + +When the CAM is in the virgin state, the AC performs a transfer protocol pairing function. Alternatively, when the CAM is not in the virgin state, the AC performs a function of comparing the received pairing information with an initial pairing value. The detail specification of this pairing process is defined in [ITU-T J.1002]. + +Along with verifying the validation of CAM, the AC performs the process of CAM cloning detection. The detail descriptions concerning CAM cloning detection process are included in Annex C. + +The RCAS headend defines a CASS certificate in the KeyResponse message using the CASS and transmits the KeyResponse message to the CAM. + +When an authentication result value (Auth\_Rst) about the KeyResponse message is set as true, the CASS generates a CHK and an individual hash key (IHK) through a hash key generation process. Then CASS adds the generated CHK and IHK together with the CASS certificate to the KeyResponse message. In addition, the CASS digitally signs the KeyResponse message using a private key of the CASS and encrypts a part of the digitally signed KeyResponse message using a public key of the CAM. Finally CASS transmits the encrypted KeyResponse message to the CAM. + +On the CAM side, a decryption unit of the mutual authentication decrypts the KeyResponse message. The decryption unit decrypts one or more pieces of information contained in the KeyResponse message based on the CAM certificate. + +![Flowchart for Announcement & Key establishment phases in CAM. The process starts with 'Start', followed by 'Receive and analyse RCASAnnounce msg'. It then checks 'Is CAM in VIRGIN state?'. If 'Yes', it proceeds to 'Transmit KeyRequest and extract public key from KeyResponse'. If 'No', it checks 'CASS ID of RCASAnnounce msg = CASS ID of CAM'. If 'No', it proceeds to 'Transmit KeyRequest and extract public key from KeyResponse'. If 'Yes', it proceeds to 'Verify HMAC for RCASAnnounce msg'. It then checks 'Does authentication of RCASAnnounce SUCCEED?'. If 'No', it proceeds to 'Transmit KeyRequest and extract public key from KeyResponse'. If 'Yes', it proceeds to 'Tranmit KeyRequest and extract public key, private key and encryption key from KeyResponse', which then leads to 'End'.](af7916c89a458fdab6c3f443217388ae_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Start]) --> Step1[Receive and analyse +RCASAnnounce msg] + Step1 --> Decision1{Is CAM in VIRGIN state?} + Decision1 -- Yes --> Step5[Transmit KeyRequest +and extract public key +from KeyResponse] + Decision1 -- No --> Decision2{CASS ID of RCASAnnounce msg += CASS ID of CAM} + Decision2 -- No --> Step5 + Decision2 -- Yes --> Step3[Verify HMAC for +RCASAnnounce msg] + Step3 --> Decision3{Does authentication of +RCASAnnounce SUCCEED?} + Decision3 -- No --> Step5 + Decision3 -- Yes --> Step4[Tranmit KeyRequest and +extract public key, +private key and encryption +key from KeyResponse] + Step4 --> End([End]) + Step5 --> End + +``` + +J.1003(14)\_F03 + +Flowchart for Announcement & Key establishment phases in CAM. The process starts with 'Start', followed by 'Receive and analyse RCASAnnounce msg'. It then checks 'Is CAM in VIRGIN state?'. If 'Yes', it proceeds to 'Transmit KeyRequest and extract public key from KeyResponse'. If 'No', it checks 'CASS ID of RCASAnnounce msg = CASS ID of CAM'. If 'No', it proceeds to 'Transmit KeyRequest and extract public key from KeyResponse'. If 'Yes', it proceeds to 'Verify HMAC for RCASAnnounce msg'. It then checks 'Does authentication of RCASAnnounce SUCCEED?'. If 'No', it proceeds to 'Transmit KeyRequest and extract public key from KeyResponse'. If 'Yes', it proceeds to 'Tranmit KeyRequest and extract public key, private key and encryption key from KeyResponse', which then leads to 'End'. + +**Figure 3 – Flow chart for Announcement & Key establishment phases in CAM** + +Figure 3 is a flowchart for the processes of announcement and key establishment phases in the CAM. The CAM receives the RCASAnnounce message and analyses the received RCASAnnounce message. The CAM also determines whether a current state is in the virgin state. When the CAM is in the virgin state or when the CAM is moved to the CASS zone, the updating unit of the decryption unit extracts a newest CHK and updates the original CHK. The CAM determines whether a CASS ID contained in the RCASAnnounce message is identical to a CASS ID contained in the CAM. When determining that the two CASS IDs are different, the CAM performs the 'Transmit KeyRequest & extract public key from KeyResponse' operation. However, when the CAM is not in the virgin state, or when the CAM is not moved to the CASS zone, the authentication unit of the decryption unit performs the HMAC message authentication using the CHK retained in the CAM. The CAM also determines whether authentication of the RCASAnnounce message succeeds. When the authentication of the RCASAnnounce message is determined to have failed, the CAM performs the 'Transmit KeyRequest & extract public key from KeyResponse' operation. Alternatively, when the authentication of the RCASAnnounce message is determined to have succeeded, the CAM transmits + +the KeyRequest message to the CASS and extracts a public key, a private key and an encryption key from the KeyResponse message. + +## 7.3 CAM registration phase + +Between the key establishment phase and the CAM registration phase, an encryption key generation process takes place in the CASS using the method shown in Figure 4. The CASS generates two different encryption keys, the message encryption key (MEK) and the individual CAM client image encryption key (ICCIEK). The MEK and ICCIEK have a key length of 128 bits, are generated using an input of a pseudo random number generator (PRNG) as a master key (MK). Three $K_c$ values among input values of the SHA-1 hash function means that three $K_c$ are generated using three RAND values in RAND\_AC received from a CASS through a KeyResponse message. + +![Flowchart of encryption key generation method](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; + AC["Authorization center (AC) +(RAND_AC, Kc)"] --> Input["CAM_ID | 3*Kc | NONCE_CAM | HW_Ver | SW_Ver"]; + Input --> SHA1["SHA1"]; + SHA1 --> MK["Master key (160 bits)"]; + MK --> PRF["PRF"]; + PRF --> MEK["Message encryption key +(PRNG_OUT[0] ... PRNG_OUT[127])"]; + PRF --> ICCIEK["Individual CAM client image encryption key +(PRNG_OUT[128] ... PRNG_OUT[256])"]; +``` + +The flowchart illustrates the encryption key generation process. It begins with the Authorization center (AC) providing RAND\_AC and Kc. These are combined into a message containing CAM\_ID, 3\*Kc, NONCE\_CAM, HW\_Ver, and SW\_Ver. This message is processed by SHA1 to produce a Master key (160 bits). This master key is then processed by a PRF to generate two encryption keys: the Message encryption key (MEK) and the Individual CAM client image encryption key (ICCIEK). The MEK is derived from PRNG\_OUT[0] to PRNG\_OUT[127], and the ICCIEK is derived from PRNG\_OUT[128] to PRNG\_OUT[256]. The diagram is labeled J.1003(14)\_F04. + +Flowchart of encryption key generation method + +**Figure 4 – Encryption keys generation method** + +In the CAM registration phase, the CAM transmits to the CASS, a CAMReg message containing hashed encryption keys which are the MEK and ICCIEK. After receiving a CAMReg message, the CASS generates two encryption keys using the same method shown in Figure 4 and then determines whether the encryption keys from the CAM are identical to the encryption keys which were generated in the CASS by comparing the hashed values of the MEK and ICCIEK. Then the CASS controls the CAMRegConfirm message to be transmitted to the CAM in response to the CAMReg message when the encryption keys are determined to be identical. + +When the encryption keys from the CAM are determined to differ from that from the CASS, the CASS transmits inconsistency information through a status message. + +The CAMRegConfirm message is authenticated using the HMAC-SHA1 method with the IHK and is encrypted using AES, the common CAM client image encryption key (CCCIEK), the initialization vector (IV) for ICCIEK encryption, the initialization vector for CCCIEK encryption, the initialization vector for MEK encryption and the Session\_ID. The CCCIEK generation method is shown in Figure 5. + +![Flowchart of the CCCIEK generation method. The process starts with CASS, which outputs CASS_Info | RAND | CAM_Client_Version. This is input to SHA1, which outputs a Master key (160 bits). This Master key is input to PRF, which outputs the Common CAM client image encryption key (PRNG_OUT[0] ... PRNG_OUT[127]). The diagram is labeled J.1003(14)_F05.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + CASS[CASS] --> CASS_Info["CASS_Info | RAND | CAM_Client_Version"] + CASS_Info --> SHA1[SHA1] + SHA1 --> MasterKey["Master key (160 bits)"] + MasterKey --> PRF[PRF] + PRF --> CommonKey["Common CAM client image encryption key +(PRNG_OUT[0] ... PRNG_OUT[127])"] + J100314_F05[J.1003(14)_F05] + +``` + +Flowchart of the CCCIEK generation method. The process starts with CASS, which outputs CASS\_Info | RAND | CAM\_Client\_Version. This is input to SHA1, which outputs a Master key (160 bits). This Master key is input to PRF, which outputs the Common CAM client image encryption key (PRNG\_OUT[0] ... PRNG\_OUT[127]). The diagram is labeled J.1003(14)\_F05. + +**Figure 5 – CCCIEK generation method** + +## 7.4 CACS renewal phase + +In the CACS renewal phase, the RCAS headend controls RenewInfo from the CASS to the CAM. Here, the RenewInfo is used to permit the CAM to download CACS image information. + +After the HMAC message authentication is performed using the private key and a message is encrypted using the AES algorithm with the MEK and the IV of the MEK, the RenewInfo is transmitted to the CAM. + +The CAM receives the RenewInfo and normally performs message authentication and decryption operations. It then downloads the CACS image information from a server in which the CACS image information is stored. + +Since the CACS image information is encrypted using the AES algorithm with the ICCIEK and the CCCIEK, the CAM decrypts the CACS image information using the ICCIEK and the CCCIEK. + +A RenewConfirm message in response to the RenewInfo is transmitted from the CAM to the CASS. In addition when the PurchaseReport\_REQ is defined in the RenewInfo, the CAM applies the HMAC to the PurchaseReport message using the encryption key. Then the CAM transmits the encrypted PurchaseReport message to the CASS. + +# 8 Protocol security + +## 8.1 Message security + +In the cases of KeyRequest and KeyResponse messages, the message header and message content are digitally signed and delivered with the message itself. Some parameters in the KeyResponse message are encrypted with the public key encryption method. The other messages except the KeyRequest and KeyResponse are encrypted and authenticated as shown in Figure 6. The AES-128-CBC method is used for message content encryption. Note that message contents are basic encoding rules (BER) encoded before being AES-128-CBC encrypted. For message authentication and integrity, HMAC-SHA1 is used. The inputs of the HMAC-SHA1 process are the message header and the BER encoded message content. + +![Figure 6: Message encryption and the HMAC process in an RCAS headend. The diagram shows the flow of data from a Header and Content through various processing blocks. The Header is processed by an HMAC-SHA1 block to produce 'Hdr/Cnt after HMAC'. The Content is processed by a BER encoder to produce 'Content after BER encoding', which is then processed by an AES-128-CBC encryption block to produce 'Content after AES encryption'. Both 'Hdr/Cnt after HMAC' and 'Content after AES encryption' are combined via a concatenation symbol (two vertical lines) to form the final output structure: Header, Content after AES encryption, and Hdr/Cnt after HMAC. A label 'J.1003(14)_F06' is present at the bottom right.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +Figure 6: Message encryption and the HMAC process in an RCAS headend. The diagram shows the flow of data from a Header and Content through various processing blocks. The Header is processed by an HMAC-SHA1 block to produce 'Hdr/Cnt after HMAC'. The Content is processed by a BER encoder to produce 'Content after BER encoding', which is then processed by an AES-128-CBC encryption block to produce 'Content after AES encryption'. Both 'Hdr/Cnt after HMAC' and 'Content after AES encryption' are combined via a concatenation symbol (two vertical lines) to form the final output structure: Header, Content after AES encryption, and Hdr/Cnt after HMAC. A label 'J.1003(14)\_F06' is present at the bottom right. + +**Figure 6 – Message encryption and the HMAC process in an RCAS headend** + +## 8.2 CAM client image security + +The CAM client image is encrypted using the AES-128-CBC method. For CAM client image integrity, the SHA1 algorithm is applied to the CAM client image itself and the RCAS headend delivers the output of the SHA1 algorithm to a CAM using the RenewInfo message. On the CAM side, the decryption and integrity check process are carried out as shown in Figure 7. Initially the CAM client image is decrypted using the AES-128-CBC method and then the SHA1 algorithm is applied to the output of the decryption. Finally, the CAM can check the CAM client image integrity by comparing the output of the SHA1 algorithm and the delivered hashed value of the CAM client image. + +![Figure 7: RCAS client image encryption/decryption and integrity check process. The diagram is split into two main sections: RCAS headend (left) and CAM (right). In the RCAS headend, the CAM client image is processed by a SHA1 block to produce 'CAM client image after SHA1', which is then placed into the 'RenewInfo content' of a 'RenewInfo Msg. header'. The CAM client image is also processed by an AES-128-CBC encryption block to produce 'CAM client image after AES encryption'. The 'RenewInfo content' is combined with an HMAC block. In the CAM, the 'CAM client image after AES encryption' is processed by an AES-128-CBC decryption block to produce the original 'CAM client image'. This 'CAM client image' is then processed by a SHA1 block to produce 'CAM client image after SHA1'. The 'CAM client image after SHA1' from the RCAS headend is compared with the 'CAM client image after SHA1' from the CAM via a 'SHA1 verification' block. A label 'J.1003(14)_F07' is present at the bottom right.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: RCAS client image encryption/decryption and integrity check process. The diagram is split into two main sections: RCAS headend (left) and CAM (right). In the RCAS headend, the CAM client image is processed by a SHA1 block to produce 'CAM client image after SHA1', which is then placed into the 'RenewInfo content' of a 'RenewInfo Msg. header'. The CAM client image is also processed by an AES-128-CBC encryption block to produce 'CAM client image after AES encryption'. The 'RenewInfo content' is combined with an HMAC block. In the CAM, the 'CAM client image after AES encryption' is processed by an AES-128-CBC decryption block to produce the original 'CAM client image'. This 'CAM client image' is then processed by a SHA1 block to produce 'CAM client image after SHA1'. The 'CAM client image after SHA1' from the RCAS headend is compared with the 'CAM client image after SHA1' from the CAM via a 'SHA1 verification' block. A label 'J.1003(14)\_F07' is present at the bottom right. + +**Figure 7 – RCAS client image encryption/decryption and integrity check process** + +## 8.3 Security parameters generation + +Security parameters used in the RCAS network protocol are generated via the method specified in Table 1. + +**Table 1 – Security parameter generation method** + +| Parameter | Generation method | +|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NONCE_CAM | Random value with a size of 16 bytes
Each session is required to have a unique NONCE_CAM value | +| RAND_AC | Three random values with a size of 16 bytes
Each random value of three of them is required to be unique with respect to each other | +| IV | Random value with a size of 16 bytes
Each session is required to have a unique IV value | +| Ki | Pre-shared key with a size of 128 bits
Each CAM is required to have a unique Ki value | +| Kc | It has a size of 64 bits and is recommended to be generated using the COMP128 algorithm version 4 (COMP128-4, GSM-MILENAGE)) | +| IHK | IHK = SHA1[RAND IHK CASS_IP Key_Paring_ID] | +| CHK | CHK = SHA1[RAND CHK CASS_Info] | +| MEK | See clause 7.3 and Figure 4 | +| ICCIEK | See clause 7.3 and Figure 4 | +| CCCIEK | See clause 7.3 and Figure 5 | + +# 9 Message + +## 9.1 Message format + +It is proposed that the message format between the CASS in the headend and the CAM in the user terminal is specified as shown in the Figure 3. The message format consists of a header, the message contents and the HMAC or message signature for message authentication. + +![](33a8f3f01dfa8bce75d23017855a13c5_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|------------------|----|----|----|----|----|---|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| Message type | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Message lenght | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Message length | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Message nonce | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Message nonce | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Message nonce | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Protocol version | | | | | | | Reserved | | | | | | | | +| Message contents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| HMAC or message signature | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +J.1003(14)\_F08 + +**Figure 8 – Proposed message format** + +It is proposed that the elements in the message header are specified as shown in Table 2. Note that ASN.1 syntax is used for specifying the 'Type (size)'. + +**Table 2 – Details of the proposed security message header** + +| Parameters | Type (size) | Description | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|------------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-------|--------------|----------------------|------------|----------|-------------|-----------------|--------|----------|---------------|-----------------|-----------|----------|--------------|-----------------|----------------|-----------------|------------|----------|-------------|-----------------|---------------|----------|----------------|-----------------| +| Message type | OCTET STRING (SIZE (2)) |
  • – 0x0001: RCASAnnounce
  • – 0x0002: RCASRenewal
  • – 0x0003: KeyRequest
  • – 0x0004: KeyResponse
  • – 0x0005: CAMReg
  • – 0x0006: CAMRegConfirm
  • – 0x0007: RenewInfo
  • – 0x0008: RenewConfirm
  • – 0x0009: PurchaseReport
  • – 0x000A: Status
  • – 0x000B: LogRequest
  • – 0x000C: LogResponse
  • – 0x000D: KeyRegRequest
  • – 0x000E: KeyRegResponse
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Message length | OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)) | The length for both message header and message content. Note that the length of the HMAC and message signature are not included in this parameter. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Message nonce | OCTET STRING (SIZE (8)) |

This is an identifier which is used for preventing reply attack. The message initiator generates the new nonce and delivers it and the copied value of the nonce is used for the reply message. Note that the RCASAnnounce message uses a counter value, which is increased by one whenever a message is changed, as a nonce.

Security Message Usage
RCASAnnounce Counter (\neq 0)
KeyRequest Nonce #1
KeyResponse Copied nonce #1
CAMReg Nonce #2
CAMRegConfirm Copied nonce #2
RenewInfo Nonce #3
RenewConfirm Copied nonce #3
PurchaseReport Copied nonce #3
LogRequest Nonce #4
LogResponse Copied nonce #4
KeyRegRequest Nonce #5
KeyRegResponse Copied nonce #5
| Security Message | Usage | RCASAnnounce | Counter ( $\neq 0$ ) | KeyRequest | Nonce #1 | KeyResponse | Copied nonce #1 | CAMReg | Nonce #2 | CAMRegConfirm | Copied nonce #2 | RenewInfo | Nonce #3 | RenewConfirm | Copied nonce #3 | PurchaseReport | Copied nonce #3 | LogRequest | Nonce #4 | LogResponse | Copied nonce #4 | KeyRegRequest | Nonce #5 | KeyRegResponse | Copied nonce #5 | +| Security Message | Usage | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| RCASAnnounce | Counter ( $\neq 0$ ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| KeyRequest | Nonce #1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| KeyResponse | Copied nonce #1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| CAMReg | Nonce #2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| CAMRegConfirm | Copied nonce #2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| RenewInfo | Nonce #3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| RenewConfirm | Copied nonce #3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| PurchaseReport | Copied nonce #3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| LogRequest | Nonce #4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| LogResponse | Copied nonce #4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| KeyRegRequest | Nonce #5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| KeyRegResponse | Copied nonce #5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Protocol version | OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)) | RCAS network protocol version information | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Reserved | OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +## **9.2 Message fields** + +The specifications of message fields are described in Annex A and Annex B for normal mode and fast mode respectively. + +## **9.3 Message notations** + +The message notations are described in Annex A and Annex B for normal mode and fast mode respectively. + +# Annex A + +## ASN.1 message notation between CASS and CAM + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +``` +-- ===== +-- [1] CASS-CAM Security Protocol Message Format (Normal Mode) +-- ===== +-- [1-1] Protocol Message Header format : MSB first for all header data transfer +-- [1-1-1] The values of Message Type (2 byte) +-- RCASAnnounce Message ~~~~~0x0001 +-- RCASDownload Message~~~~~0x0002 +-- KeyRequest Message~~~~~0x0003 +-- KeyResponse Message~~~~~0x0004 +-- CAMReg Message~~~~~0x0005 +-- CAMRegConfirm Message~~~~~0x0006 +-- RenewInfo Message~~~~~0x0007 +-- RenewConfirm Message~~~~~0x0008 +-- PurchaseReport Message~~~~~0x0009 +-- Status Message~~~~~0x000A +-- LogRequest Message~~~~~0x000B +-- LogResponse Message~~~~~0x000C + +-- [1-2] Protocol Message Content format +-- BER encoding should be used for all messages. +-- But Certificate should be DER encoded. +-- ===== +-- ===== +CASS-CAM-MESSAGE-FORMAT DEFINITIONS AUTOMATIC TAGS ::= BEGIN +-- ===== +-- RCASAnnounceMessage +-- ===== +RcasAncMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ +-- If the value of protocolTypeFlag is 0x01, +-- the RCAS network protocol works as Normal mode +-- If the value of protocolTypeFlag is 0x02, +-- the RCAS network protocol works as Fast mode +-- The other values are reserved +protocolTypeFlag OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), +cAMClientVersion SEQUENCE OF CAMClientVersion, +cASSInfo +} +CAMClientVersion ::= SEQUENCE +{ +-- CAM chip version +hWVersion OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)), +-- SW version of Bootloader +sWVersion OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)), +cAMClientInfo SEQUENCE OF CAMClientInfo +} +CAMClientInfo ::= SEQUENCE +{ +-- cAMClientType (CAS, ASD, DRM) +-- 0x01 : CAS (Conditional Access System) +-- 0x02 : ASD (Authorized Service Domain) +-- 0x03 : DRM (Digital Rights Management) +-- 0x04 ~ 0xff : reserved +clientType OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), +clientPriority OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), +clientVendor OCTET STRING (SIZE (2)), +clientVersion OCTET STRING (SIZE (2)) +} +CASSInfo ::= SEQUENCE +{ +cASSUniqueID OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)), +-- Address Type Information +} +``` + +``` + +-- => 0x01: IPv4 Format +-- => 0x02: IPv6 Format +cASSIPAddrType OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), +-- IP address of CASS +cASSIPAddr OCTET STRING (SIZE (50)), +-- Connection Type Information +-- ==> 0x01: UDP +-- ==> 0x02: TCP +cASSConnectionType OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), +-- The Listening Port of CASS +cASSListeningPort OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)) +} +-- ===== +-- RCASRenewalMessage +-- ===== +RCASRnMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ +-- "YYMMDDhhmmss" - e.g., 2013-May-13, PM 5h50m30s => "130513175030" +downloadSchedule OCTET STRING (SIZE (12)), +-- request = TRUE +keyRequest-Req BOOLEAN (TRUE) OPTIONAL, +purchaseReport-Req BOOLEAN (TRUE) OPTIONAL +} +-- ===== +-- KeyRequestMessage +-- ===== +KeyReqMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ +sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), +keyParingID OCTET STRING (SIZE (48)), +-- cAMCertificate MUST be DER encoded +cAMCertificate BIT STRING +} +-- ===== +-- KeyResponseMessage +-- ===== +KeyRspMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ +sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), +-- cASSCertificate MUST be DER encoded +cASSCertificate BIT STRING, +rSAEncryptedContent RSAEncryptedContent, +SIGN-kpk OCTET STRING (SIZE (128)) +} +RSAEncryptedContent ::= RSAENCRYPTED{SEQUENCE +{ +CHK OCTET STRING (SIZE (20)), +iHK OCTET STRING (SIZE (20)), +rAND-AC-1 OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)), +rAND-AC-2 OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)), +rAND-AC-3 OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)), +kPK OCTET STRING (SIZE (20)) +}} +RSAENCRYPTED { ToBeEnciphered } ::= BIT STRING ( CONSTRAINED BY { +-- shall be the result of applying the encipherment procedure -- +-- to the BER-encoded octets of a value of -- ToBeEnciphered +} ) +-- ===== +-- CAMRegMessage +-- ===== +CamRegMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ +sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), +nONCE-CAM OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)), +cAMID OCTET STRING (SIZE (40)), +-- CAM chip version +hWVersion OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)), +-- SW version of Bootloader +sWVersion OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)), +hashed-MEK-ICCIEK OCTET STRING (SIZE (20)) +} + +``` + +``` + +-- ===== +-- CAMRegConfirmMessage +-- ===== +CamRegCnfMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ + sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), + -- IVs for 128 AES-CBC + mEK-IV OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)), + iCCIEK-IV OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)), + cCCIEK-IV OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)), + cCCIEK OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)) +} +-- ===== +-- RenewInfoMessage +-- ===== +RenewInfoMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ + sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), + -- This field is used for identify CAM Client Image + -- => 0x01 : CAS Client Image + -- => 0x02 : DRM Client Image + -- => 0x03 : ASD Client Image + clientType OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), + -- This field is used for identify Common IM or Individual IM + -- => 0x01 : Common IM + -- => 0x02 : Individual IM + -- => 0x03 : Deliver Common IM & Individual IM Simultaneously + imageFlag OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), + -- If the value of imageFlag is 0x01 or 0x02, only one ImageInfo will be generated + -- Otherwise, if the value of imageFlag is 0x03, two ImageInfo will be generated + imageInfo SEQUENCE OF ImageInfo, + -- request = TRUE + purchaseReport-Req BOOLEAN (TRUE) OPTIONAL, + hashed-CCCI OCTET STRING (SIZE (20)), + hashed-ICCI OCTET STRING (SIZE (20)), + -- Control the installation and launching of CAM client image + directives OCTET STRING OPTIONAL +} +ImageInfo ::= SEQUENCE +{ + -- Download Server IP address + -- Only when the image is not Common Image + dSIP OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)) OPTIONAL, + -- Transport Mechanism (Carousel, TFTP, HTTP, etc.) + -- 0x01 : Carousel + -- 0x02 : TFTP + -- 0x03 : HTTP + -- 0x04 ~ 0xff : reserved + tm OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)), + -- File Name + -- Only when the image is not Common Image + fn PrintableString OPTIONAL +} +-- ===== +-- RenewConfirmMessage +-- ===== +RenewCnfMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ + sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), + -- success = TRUE, fail = FALSE + downloadStatus BOOLEAN +} +-- ===== +-- PurchaseReportMessage +-- ===== +PrchsRptMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ + sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), + purchaseInfo OCTET STRING +} +-- ===== + +``` + +``` + +-- StaticAMessage +-- ===== +StcAMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ + sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), + -- Status Info: 0x01 (CAM-DSC ID validation fail) + -- 0x02 (MEK or ICCIEK hash verification fail) + -- 0x03 (CCI hash verification fail) + -- 0x04 (HMAC verification fail) + -- 0x05 (RSA signature verification fail) + -- 0x06 ~ 0xff (reserved) + statusInfo OCTET STRING (SIZE (1)) +} +-- ===== +-- LogRequestMessage +-- ===== +LogRqtMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ + sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), + -- request = TRUE + logRequest-Req BOOLEAN (TRUE) +} +-- ===== +-- LogResponseMessage +-- ===== +LogRcAMessageContent ::= SEQUENCE +{ + sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)), + logResponseInfo OCTET STRING OPTIONAL +} +END + +``` + +# Annex B + +## Fast mode of network protocol for RCAS + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Annex B specifies a fast mode of RCAS network protocol. This protocol is a simplified version of normal RCAS network protocol. Service operators who want to use this protocol can select the preferred protocol by using the 'protocolTypeFlag' parameter in 'RcasAncMsgContent'. If the value of the protocolTypeFlag is '0x01', the RCAS network protocol works as normal mode. On the other hand, if the value of the protocolTypeFlag is '0x02', the RCAS network protocol works as fast mode. + +## B.1 Protocol processing procedures + +![Sequence diagram showing protocol processing procedures for AC, CASS, and CAM entities across three phases: Announcement, Keying and registration, and CACS renewal.](7e1c9b51e067a48cd0fcc9748d8bd8d8_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the protocol processing procedures for three entities: AC, CASS, and CAM. It is divided into three main phases: + +- Announcement phase:** CASS sends an **RCASAnnounce** message to CAM. An optional **RCASRenewal** message is also shown between CASS and CAM. +- Keying and registration phase:** CAM sends a **KeyRegRequest** to CASS. CASS sends a **KeyRegRequest** to AC. AC performs **Key derivations and CAM registration** and sends a **KeyRegResponse** to CASS. CASS sends a **KeyRegResponse** to CAM. CAM performs **Key derivations**. +- CACS renewal phase:** CASS sends a **RenewInfo** message to CAM. CAM sends a **RenewConfirm** message to CASS. + +Sequence diagram showing protocol processing procedures for AC, CASS, and CAM entities across three phases: Announcement, Keying and registration, and CACS renewal. + +J.1003(14)\_FB.1 + +### B.1.1 KeyRegRequest + +| Items | Descriptions | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Message roles | The RCAS system uses this message in the Keying & Registration phase and the CAM sends it to the CASS and AC. The roles of the message are requesting encryption keys for CACS image and messages as well as the relevant IV values. | +| Message encryption | None | +| Message authentication | Digital signature by the CAM | +| Message processing |
  1. 1. The CAM sends a KeyRegRequest message that includes the following parameters to the CASS:
    • – Session ID
    • – Key pairing ID
    • – CAM's public key certificate
  2. 2. The CASS checks the validity of the received KeyRegRequest message with the following sequences:
    1. ① The CASS checks the validity of the CAM's public key certificate through the certificate chains
    2. ② If the CAM's public certificate is valid, the CASS authenticates the KeyRegRequest message with a digital signature method
    3. ③ If the CASS successfully authenticates the message, it sends the Session ID, Key Pairing ID, CAM ID, CAM HW version, CAM SW version and CAM's public key certificate to the AC. Otherwise, the CASS sends a failure message to the CAM and terminates the RCAS network protocol.
  3. 3. The AC registers the CAM ID after receiving the KeyRegRequest message from the CASS and generates RCAS network protocol relevant encryption keys and IVs. Note that the definitions of all keys except the authorization key (AK) are the same as the ones used in the normal RCAS network protocol:
    • – AK
    • – ICCIEK and ICCIEK's IV
    • – CCCIEK and CCCIEK's IV
    • – MEK and MEK's IV
    • – KPK
| +| Key generation method |

The key generation methods are as follows:

Note that SHA-1(x y) denotes the result of applying the SHA-1 function to the concatenated bit strings x and y and Truncate(x,n) denotes the result of truncating x to its left-most n bits

  1. 1. AK is generated using the method below:
    Note that AK_PAD is a SHA-1 padding value and it is generated by repeating 0xA3 63 times. Pseudo random number generation function (PRF) is a pseudo random number generation function
    • – AK = Truncate(PRf ( SHA-1 ( AK_PAD CAM_ID Session_ID NONCE_CAM HW_Version SW_Version ) ),128)
  2. 2. ICCIEK is generated using the method below:
    Note that ICCIEK_PAD is a SHA-1 padding value, and it is generated by repeating 0xA6 63 times.
    • – ICCIEK = Truncate ( SHA-1( ICCIEK_PAD AK ), 128)
  3. 3. CCCIEK is generated using the method below:
    Note that CCCIEK_PAD is a SHA-1 padding value and it is generated by repeating 0xAC 63 times.
| + +| Items | Descriptions | +|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| |
  • – CCCIEK = Truncate (SHA-1( CCCIEK_PAD AK ), 128)

4. MEK is generated using the method below:
Note that MEK_PAD is a SHA-1 padding value and it is generated by repeating 0x3A 63 times.

  • – MEK = SHA-1( MEK_PAD AK), 128 )

5. MAK is generated using the method below:
Note that MAK_PAD is a SHA-1 padding value and it is generated by repeating 0x6A 63 times.

  • – MAK = SHA-1( MAK_PAD AK), 128 )

6. Key pairing key (KPK) is generated using the method:
Note that KPK_PAD is a SHA-1 padding value, and it is generated by repeating 0xCA 63 times.

  • – KPK = SHA-1( KPK_PAD AK), 128 )
| +| ASN.1 syntax
(CAM → CASS) |
 -- ===== -- KeyRegRequestMessage -- ===== KeyRegReqMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE {   sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)),   keyParingID OCTET STRING (SIZE (48)),   cAMID OCTET STRING (SIZE (40)),   -- CAM chip version   hWVersion OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)),   -- SW version of Bootloader   sWversion OCTET STRING (SIZE (4)),   -- cAMCertificate MUST be DER encoded   cAMCertificate BIT STRING } 
| + +### B.1.2 KeyRegResponse + +| Items | Descriptions | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Message roles | The RCAS system uses this message in the Keying & Registration phase and the CASS sends it to deliver AK to the CAM. | +| Message encryption | Only AK is encrypted using the CAM's public key | +| Message authentication | digital signature per CASS | +| Message processing |
  1. 1. The AC generates the listed parameter below and sends the Session ID and AK to the CASS
    • – Session ID
    • – AK
    • – ICCIEK
    • – ICCIEK IV
    • – CCCIEK
    • – CCCIEK IV
    • – MEK
    • – MEK IV
    • – MAK
    • – MAK IV
| + +| Items | Descriptions | +|------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| |
  • – KPK
  1. 2. The CAM performs the message authentication process using a digital signature method
  2. 3. If the CAM can successfully verify the message authentication, it decrypts AK from the message using the CAM's private key
  3. 4. The CAM generates the listed parameters below using the same key generation methods as the ones used in the AC.
    • – ICCIEK
    • – ICCIEK IV
    • – CCCIEK
    • – CCCIEK IV
    • – MEK
    • – MEK IV
    • – MAK
    • – MAK IV
    • – KPK
| +| ASN.1 syntax
(CASS → CAM) |
 -- ===== -- KeyRegResponseMessage -- ===== KeyRegRspMsgContent ::= SEQUENCE {   sessionID OCTET STRING (SIZE (10)),   rSAEncryptedContent } RSAEncryptedContent ::= RSAENCRYPTED{SEQUENCE {   aK OCTET STRING (SIZE (16)) }}  RSAENCRYPTED { ToBeEnciphered } ::= BIT STRING ( CONSTRAINED BY {   -- shall be the result of applying the encipherment procedure -- to the   -- BER-encoded octets of a value of -- ToBeEnciphered } ) 
| + +# Annex C + +## CAM cloning detection process + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +![Flowchart of the CAM cloning detection process in an AC when a 'RenewConfirm' is not received from a CASS. The process starts with 'Start' and 'Receive information'. It then enters three parallel check operations: 'ID validity check operation', 'CAM state validity check operation', and 'Version information validity check operation'. The 'ID validity check' checks if CASS_ID, CAM_ID, and DSC_ID exist in a DB. The 'CAM state validity check' checks if the CAM is in its first, second, or third state. The 'Version information validity check' checks if the image version information or CASS_ID has been updated. All three checks lead to a final 'Authentication fails' or 'Authentication succeeds' outcome, which ends the process.](9c1d3678db4a12d5864cb2a4def1135d_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Start]) --> RI[Receive information] + RI --> ID_V[ID validity check operation] + RI --> CAM_S[CAM state validity check operation] + RI --> V_I[Version information validity check operation] + + subgraph ID_V [ID validity check operation] + ID_V1{Does CASS_ID exist in DB?} + ID_V2{Does CAM_ID exist in DB?} + ID_V3{Does DSC_ID exist in DB?} + ID_V1 -- No --> B1((B)) + ID_V1 -- Yes --> ID_V2 + ID_V2 -- No --> B2((B)) + ID_V2 -- Yes --> ID_V3 + ID_V3 -- No --> B3((B)) + ID_V3 -- Yes --> CAM_S + end + + subgraph CAM_S [CAM state validity check operation] + CAM_S1{CAM state = first state?} + CAM_S2{CAM state = second state?} + CAM_S3{CAM state = third state?} + CAM_S4{Does CAM version exist?} + CAM_S5[Authenticate CAM] + CAM_S6((A)) + CAM_S1 -- Yes --> CAM_S5 + CAM_S1 -- No --> CAM_S2 + CAM_S2 -- Yes --> CAM_S4 + CAM_S2 -- No --> CAM_S3 + CAM_S3 -- Yes --> CAM_S5 + CAM_S3 -- No --> B4((B)) + CAM_S4 -- Yes --> CAM_S5 + CAM_S4 -- No --> B5((B)) + CAM_S5 -- Yes --> CAM_S6 + end + + subgraph V_I [Version information validity check operation] + V_I1{Is image version information updated?} + V_I2{Is CASS_ID updated?} + V_I3((A)) + V_I4((B)) + V_I1 -- Yes --> V_I3 + V_I1 -- No --> V_I2 + V_I2 -- Yes --> V_I3 + V_I2 -- No --> V_I4 + end + + B1 --> AF[Authentication fails] + B2 --> AF + B3 --> AF + B4 --> AF + B5 --> AF + V_I4 --> AS[Authentication succeeds] + CAM_S6 --> AS + + AF --> End([End]) + AS --> End + +``` + +Flowchart of the CAM cloning detection process in an AC when a 'RenewConfirm' is not received from a CASS. The process starts with 'Start' and 'Receive information'. It then enters three parallel check operations: 'ID validity check operation', 'CAM state validity check operation', and 'Version information validity check operation'. The 'ID validity check' checks if CASS\_ID, CAM\_ID, and DSC\_ID exist in a DB. The 'CAM state validity check' checks if the CAM is in its first, second, or third state. The 'Version information validity check' checks if the image version information or CASS\_ID has been updated. All three checks lead to a final 'Authentication fails' or 'Authentication succeeds' outcome, which ends the process. + +**Figure C.1 – CAM cloning detection process in an AC when a 'RenewConfirm' is not received from a CASS** + +Figure C.1 is a flowchart illustrating a CAM copy detection method using an AC. The CAM copy detection method of Figure C.1 is performed when a 'RenewConfirm' is not received from a CASS. In other words, when the CASS has a function of reusing a CAM authentication result received from the AC, instead of deleting the CAM authentication result, until a CAM receives the 'RenewConfirm', the CAM copy detection method of Figure C.1 is performed. The CAM copy detection method of Figure C.1 broadly includes an 'ID validity check operation', a 'CAM state validity check operation' and a 'version information validity check operation'. + +In the 'Receive information' operation, the AC receives, from at least one CASS, the CAM\_ID, CASS\_ID and DSC\_ID. + +In the 'ID validity check operation', the AC determines whether a CASS\_ID, a CAM\_ID and a DSC\_ID that are received from the at least one CASS exist in a DB. When the CASS\_ID, the CAM\_ID and the DSC\_ID are determined not to exist in the DB, the AC determines the value of the 'Auth\_Rst' to be 'failure'. + +In the 'CAM state validity check operation', the AC performs a second check operation of checking the validity of the CAM based on state information. Here, the state information of a CAM is received from the at least one CASS. Additionally, the state information of the CAM includes first state information indicating a state before a RCAS service is provided to a CAM, second state information + +indicating a state where a CAM is included in at least one MSO and joins the RCAS service and third state information indicating a state where a CAM is withdrawn from the RCAS service. Specifically, when an authentication request is received from a CAM in a 'Virgin' state, the AC changes the 'Virgin' state of the CAM to an 'Auth\_Service' and sets the value of the 'Auth\_Rst' to be 'success'. When an authentication request is received from a CAM in the 'Auth\_Service' state, the AC performs a third check operation. Furthermore, when an authentication request is received from a CAM in an 'Auth\_Not\_Service' state, the AC changes the 'Auth\_Not\_Service' state of the CAM to the 'Auth\_Service' state and sets the value of the 'Auth\_Rst' to be 'success'. + +In the 'version information validity check operation', the AC performs the third check operation of checking the validity of a CAM based on the version information. Here, the AC performs the third check operation, only when a CAM requesting authentication is in the 'Auth\_Service' state. First, the AC downloads in the DB, hardware and software version information corresponding to an ID value of the CAM that requests authentication. Subsequently, the AC determines whether the hardware and software version information called from the DB is identical to the hardware and software version information for the CAM received from the at least one CASS. When the called hardware and software version information is determined to be identical to the received hardware and software version information, the AC proceeds to a next operation. Conversely, when the called hardware and software version information is determined to differ from the received hardware and software version information, the AC sets the value of the 'Auth\_Rst' to be 'failure'. Additionally, the AC determines whether CAS image version information is updated, only when the received hardware and software version information is determined to be identical to the hardware and software version information stored in the DB. Here, the updated CAS image version information indicates that the CAS image version information stored in advance in the DB differs from version information newly received from the CASS. When determining that the CAS image version information is not updated, the AC determines whether a CASS-ID value is changed. Specifically, the AC determines whether a CASS-ID received from the CASS differs from a CASS-ID that is stored in the DB and is used to identify a CASS including a corresponding CAM. The AC determines whether the CASS-ID value is changed, to permit authentication of a normal CAM when the normal CAM moves on a CASS zone, despite the CAS image version information being updated. Finally, the AC authenticates the at least one CAM, based on a result of at least one of the first check operation, the second check operation and the third check operation. Here, when the state of the at least one CAM corresponds to the first state information and the third state information in the second check operation, the AC authenticates the at least one CAM. Additionally, when a validity check result value for the 'Version Info' is updated and when the state of the at least one CAM corresponds to the second state information, the AC authenticates a CAM. + +![Flowchart of CAM cloning detection process in AC when a 'RenewConfirm' is received from a CASS. The process starts with initializing a counter and receiving information. It then branches into three parallel validation paths checking database existence of IDs, CAM states, and version updates. These paths lead to either success (A), failure (B), or a loop (C). Success leads to further checks on authentication counts and message types before ending or resetting.](11edb7fcedf09ac6a817f8d7b8c61eec_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Start]) --> Init[Number of times CAM is authenticated = 0] + Init --> C((C)) + C --> RecInfo[Receive information] + + subgraph Validation_Paths + direction LR + subgraph Path1 + D1{Does CASS_ID exist in DB?} -- No --> B1((B)) + D1 -- Yes --> D2{Does CAM_ID exist in DB?} + D2 -- No --> B2((B)) + D2 -- Yes --> D3{Does DSC_ID exist in DB?} + D3 -- No --> B3((B)) + D3 -- Yes --> A1((A)) + end + + subgraph Path2 + D4{CAM state = 'Virgin' state?} -- Yes --> A2((A)) + D4 -- No --> D5{CAM state = 'Auth_Service' state?} + D5 -- Yes --> D6{Number of times CAM is authenticated < 1} + D6 -- Yes --> A3((A)) + D6 -- No --> A4((A)) + D5 -- No --> D7{CAM state = 'Auth_Not_Service' state?} + D7 -- Yes --> A5((A)) + D7 -- No --> B4((B)) + end + + subgraph Path3 + D8{Does CAM HW/SW version exist in DB?} -- Yes --> A6((A)) + D8 -- No --> D9{Is image client version updated?} + D9 -- Yes --> A7((A)) + D9 -- No --> D10{Is CASS_ID changed?} + D10 -- Yes --> A8((A)) + D10 -- No --> B5((B)) + end + end + + RecInfo --> Path1 + RecInfo --> Path2 + RecInfo --> Path3 + + A((A)) --> AuthSucceed[Authentication succeeds] + AuthSucceed --> D11{Number of times CAM is authenticated > allowed number of times CAM is authenticated?} + + D11 -- Yes --> AuthFails[Authentication fails] + B((B)) --> AuthFails + AuthFails --> TransmitAuthRst1[Transmit Auth_Rst to CASS] + TransmitAuthRst1 --> End([End]) + + D11 -- No --> TransmitAuthRst2[Transmit Auth_Rst to CASS] + TransmitAuthRst2 --> IncCount[Increment by '1' number of times CAM is authenticated] + IncCount --> D12{Is image information authentication request message received?} + + D12 -- No --> C_Loop((C)) + D12 -- Yes --> ChangeState[Change to second state] + ChangeState --> ResetCount[Number of times CAM is authenticated = 0] + ResetCount --> End + +``` + +Flowchart of CAM cloning detection process in AC when a 'RenewConfirm' is received from a CASS. The process starts with initializing a counter and receiving information. It then branches into three parallel validation paths checking database existence of IDs, CAM states, and version updates. These paths lead to either success (A), failure (B), or a loop (C). Success leads to further checks on authentication counts and message types before ending or resetting. + +J.1003(14)\_FC.2 + +**Figure C.2 – CAM cloning detection process in AC when a 'RenewConfirm' is received from a CASS** + +Figure C.2 is a flowchart illustrating a CAM copy detection method using an AC. The CAM copy detection method of Figure C.2 is performed when a 'RenewConfirm' is received from a CASS. In other words, the CAM copy detection method of Figure C.2 is performed when the CASS does not have a function of reusing a CAM authentication result received from the AC instead of deleting the CAM authentication result, until the CAM receives the 'RenewConfirm' message. + +In the first operation, the AC checks a number of times that a CAM is authenticated to zero. + +In the 'Receive information' operation, the AC receives, from at least one CASS, CAM\_ID, CASS\_ID, and DSC\_ID. + +The first check operation of Figure C.2 is performed in the same manner as the first check operation of Figure C.1. + +The second check operation of Figure C.2 is performed in the same manner as the second check operation of Figure C.1, except for checking of the number of times that a CAM is authenticated. When the number of times the CAM is authenticated is less than '1', the AC performs a third check operation. Otherwise, the AC performs a fourth check operation of repeatedly checking whether CAM authentication is permitted. Here, a third check operation is performed in the same manner as the third check operation of Figure C.2. + +The fourth check operation of Figure C.2 is performed so that the AC repeatedly permit an authentication request from an identical CAM within the number of times the identical CAM is authenticated, until the 'RenewConfirm' is received from the CASS. Here, the number of times is determined in advance by an operator. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.93] Recommendation ITU-T J.93 (1998), *Requirements for conditional access in the secondary distribution of digital television on cable television systems.* +- [b-ITU-T J.193] Recommendation ITU-T J.193 (2004), *Requirements for the next generation of set-top-boxes.* +- [b-ITU-T J.290] Recommendation ITU-T J.290 (2006), *Next generation set-top box core architecture.* + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1015.1-202004-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1015.1-202004-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..423b83a61bdbad931635153764a9d1f7ba4bc8b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1015.1-202004-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,318 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +**J.1015.1** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +(04/2020) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Conditional access and protection – Exchangeable +embedded conditional access and digital rights +management solutions + +--- + +**Embedded common interface for exchangeable +CA/DRM solutions: The advanced security +system – Key ladder block: Authentication of +control word-usage rules information and +associated data 1** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1015.1 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1015.1 + +## **Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions: The advanced security system – Key ladder block: Authentication of control word-usage rules information and associated data 1** + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1015.1 is part of a series covering the advanced security system key ladder block for the embedded common interface for exchangeable conditional access/digital rights management (CA/DRM) solutions specification. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1015.1 | 2020-04-23 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13837 | + +## Keywords + +Conditional access, CA, digital rights management, DRM, swapping. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2020 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Authentication of control word-usage rules information and associated data 1..... | 3 | +| 6.1 Authentication of control word-usage rules information ..... | 4 | +| 6.2 Authentication of associated data 1 ..... | 4 | +| Appendix I – Areas for further development..... | 5 | +| Bibliography..... | 7 | + +# Introduction + +The objective of this Recommendation1 is to facilitate interoperability and competition in electronic communications services and, in particular, in the market for broadcast and audio-visual devices. However, other technologies are available and may also be appropriate and beneficial depending on the circumstances in Member States. + +A content provider encrypts their digital content and uses a **content protection system**2 in order to protect the content against unauthorized access. A consumer uses a **content receiver** to access protected content. To this end, the **content receiver** contains a chipset that implements one or more content decryption operations. A cryptographic key establishment protocol is used to secure the transport of content decryption keys from the **content protection system** to the chipset. The steps of the protocol that are implemented within the chipset are referred to as a key ladder. + +The key ladder and the protocol may also be used to secure the transport of content encryption keys to the chipset. Such keys are required for use cases in which the chipset re-encrypts content. The chipset may implement one or more content encryption operations for this purpose. Personal video recording and exporting protected content to a different **content protection system** are typical examples of content re-encryption use cases. Content decryption keys and content encryption keys are both referred to as **control words (CWs)** throughout this Recommendation. + +This Recommendation also specifies an authentication mechanism. This mechanism is closely related to the key ladder and may be used for entity authentication; in other words, this mechanism may be used to authenticate the chipset. + +The key ladder and authentication mechanism specified in this Recommendation are agnostic to both the **content protection system** and the **content provider**. This enables a **content provider** to use any compliant **content protection system**, and it enables a consumer to use the **content receiver** for accessing content of any **content provider** that uses a compliant **content protection system**. + +A **certification authority** manages a public-key certificate of each chipset in the mechanisms specified in this Recommendation. In particular, the **certification authority** distributes such certificates and certificate revocation information to **content providers** who wish to make use of the key ladder and/or the authentication mechanism. Next, **content providers** use the certificates and certificate revocation information as input to their compliant **content protection system**; as detailed in clause 7 of [ITU-T J.1015]; knowledge of the public key in the certificate of a chipset enables the **content protection system** to generate suitable input messages for the key ladder and authentication mechanism of the chipset. + +--- + +1 Several areas for further development have been identified in Appendix I + +2 The use of boldface in the text of this Recommendation indicates terms with definitions specific to the context of the embedded common interface that may differ from common use. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1015.1 + +## Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions: The advanced security system – Key ladder block: Authentication of control word-usage rules information and associated data 1 + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies a key ladder block for implementation in a chipset of a **content receiver**. The key ladder block comprises a key ladder to secure the transport of **control words** (CWs) to the chipset and an authentication mechanism. This Recommendation also specifies aspects of the personalization of a compliant chipset. + +This Recommendation is intended for use by chipset manufacturers. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.1015] Recommendation ITU-T J.1015 (2020), *Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions; The advanced security system – Key ladder block*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 certification authority:** Party that is responsible for managing public-key certificates in an embedded common interface (**ECI ecosystem**). A certification authority is trusted by all other parties in the system to perform operations associated with certificates. + +**3.2.2 chipset-ID:** Non-secret number that is used to identify a chipset within an **ECI ecosystem**. + +**3.2.3 content protection system:** System in an **ECI ecosystem** that employs cryptographic techniques to manage access to content and services. The term may be interchanged frequently with the alternate Service Protection system. Typical systems of this sort are either conditional access (CA) systems or digital rights management (DRM) systems. + +**3.2.4 content provider:** Party that distributes digital content to a **content receiver** in an **ECI ecosystem**. + +**3.2.5 content receiver:** Device that is used to access digital content within an **ECI ecosystem**. A **content receiver** contains a chipset with a **content descrambler**. + +**3.2.6 content descrambler:** Component in the chipset of an **ECI ecosystem** that is capable of decrypting content. A content descrambler may also be capable of encrypting content (for the purpose of content re-encryption). In this Recommendation content encryption/decryption uses a **symmetric encryption scheme**. For MPEG-2 content, content encryption and decryption are also referred to as scrambling and descrambling, respectively. + +**3.2.7 control word:** Secret key used to encrypt and decrypt content within an **ECI ecosystem**. In digital rights management systems, a control word is typically referred to as a content key. + +**3.2.8 cryptographic hash function:** Unkeyed cryptographic function in an **ECI ecosystem** that takes data of arbitrary size, referred to as the message, as input and produces an output data block of fixed size, referred to as the message digest. Assumed properties of the **cryptographic hash function** in this Recommendation are that the **cryptographic hash function** behaves as a random function and is second preimage resistant. + +**3.2.9 digital signature scheme:** Keyed asymmetric cryptographic scheme that is used to protect the authenticity of data in an **ECI ecosystem**. A **digital signature scheme** consists of a key generation algorithm, a signature generation operation and a signature verification operation. Keys are generated as (secret/private key, public key) pairs. The data is signed using a secret/private key and the corresponding public key is used to verify the signature. The **digital signature scheme** specified in this Recommendation is used to protect the authenticity of messages as defined in [b-ROEL]; in particular, the scheme is not used to provide non-repudiation or source authentication in this Recommendation. + +**3.2.10 ECI ecosystem:** A commercial operation consisting of a trust authority and several platforms and **ECI** – compliant customer premises equipment in the field. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|-----|---------------------------| +| AD1 | Associated Data 1 | +| AK | Authentication Key | +| CA | Conditional Access | +| CW | Control Word | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| ECI | Embedded Common Interface | +| ID | Identifier | +| LK | Link Key | +| SHA | Secure Hash Algorithm | +| SPK | Sender Public Key | +| SSK | Sender Secret/private Key | +| T | Tag | +| URI | Usage Rules Information | + +# 5 Conventions + +The use of boldface in the text of this Recommendation indicates terms with definitions specific to the context of the embedded common interface that may differ from those in common use. + +# 6 Authentication of control word-usage rules information and associated data 1 + +Concerning specification details in clause 7 of [ITU-T J.1015], several inputs to the key ladder block are specified, covering among others: CW-URI, AD1, $\tau_b$ , SPK-URI, SPKi, encrypted LK as well as signed Chipset-ID. Some of these inputs, such as LK and Chipset-ID, are encrypted and applied with a digital signature scheme. On the other hand, CW-URI, AD1, $\tau_b$ , SPK-URI and SPKi are delivered without any cryptographic schemes applied. The authentication of these inputs relies on the implicit authentication; in case that a non-authentic value for any of the key ladder inputs is provided, an invalid value of CW is computed and the content cannot be descrambled successfully. + +It is possible that a sender can send SPKi, SPK-URI and $\tau_b$ without any cryptographic schemes applied when considering the nature of input characteristics. Especially, $\tau_b$ can be verified using the Associated Data verification routines and thus applying an explicit authentication scheme is not required. + +If it is required by service providers, they can introduce an additional explicit authentication method for CW-URI and AD1 inputs of the key ladder block. Such functionality could allow to achieve an increase of convenience for users as well as operational advantages for service providers. + +This Recommendation specifies a way to apply such an authentication scheme to the CW-URI and AD1 when they are inputs to a key ladder block. This can be achieved by applying a digital signature scheme that is already used for Chipset-ID || E(CPK, LK) with SSK. Service operators can individually or collectively authenticate the CW-URI or AD1. + +If service operators wish to protect the CW-URI or AD1, then the use of the scheme specified in this Recommendation is required. + +See Figure 1. + +![Figure 1: Authentication of control word-usage rules information and associated data 1. The diagram shows a Processor on the left and a Key ladder block on the right. The Processor sends several inputs to the Key ladder block: CW-URI || S(SSK, CW-URI) (dashed box), tau_b, AD1 || S(SSK, AD1) (dashed box), SPK-URI, SPK_1, SPK_2, ..., SPK_m, (chipset-ID || E(CPK, LK) || S(SSK_2, chipset-ID || E(CPK, LK)))), and e(LK, r). The Key ladder block contains a verification (V) block that takes SPK_2 and the chipset-ID part of the fifth input to produce E(CPK, LK). This E(CPK, LK) is then decrypted (D) using CSK to produce LK. The LK is then decrypted (d) using e(LK, r) to produce r. The Key ladder block also outputs CW-U and CW. The diagram is labeled J.1015.1(20)_F01.](0b87abe67b21a93777287649c33e755d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the authentication process within a Key ladder block. On the left, a **Processor** provides various inputs. These include **CW-URI || S(SSK, CW-URI)** and **AD1 || S(SSK, AD1)** (both in dashed boxes), $\tau_b$ , **SPK-URI**, **SPK1**, **SPK2**, a vertical ellipsis, **SPKm**, a complex input **(chipset-ID || E(CPK, LK) || S(SSK2, chipset-ID || E(CPK, LK))))**, and **e(LK, r)**. Inside the **Key ladder block**, the **SPK2** input and the **chipset-ID** part of the complex input are fed into a verification block **V**, which outputs **E(CPK, LK)**. This output is then processed by a decryption block **D** using **CSK** to produce **LK**. The **LK** is then processed by a decryption block **d** using **e(LK, r)** to produce **r**. The **Key ladder block** also outputs **CW-U** and **CW**. A hash function **h** is shown combining inputs to produce **CW**. The diagram is labeled **J.1015.1(20)\_F01**. + +Figure 1: Authentication of control word-usage rules information and associated data 1. The diagram shows a Processor on the left and a Key ladder block on the right. The Processor sends several inputs to the Key ladder block: CW-URI || S(SSK, CW-URI) (dashed box), tau\_b, AD1 || S(SSK, AD1) (dashed box), SPK-URI, SPK\_1, SPK\_2, ..., SPK\_m, (chipset-ID || E(CPK, LK) || S(SSK\_2, chipset-ID || E(CPK, LK)))), and e(LK, r). The Key ladder block contains a verification (V) block that takes SPK\_2 and the chipset-ID part of the fifth input to produce E(CPK, LK). This E(CPK, LK) is then decrypted (D) using CSK to produce LK. The LK is then decrypted (d) using e(LK, r) to produce r. The Key ladder block also outputs CW-U and CW. The diagram is labeled J.1015.1(20)\_F01. + +Figure 1 – Authentication of control word-usage rules information and associated data 1 + +## 6.1 Authentication of control word-usage rules information + +#### Compute CW-URI ||signature (sender) + +- 1) Sign the bit string CW-URI using $SSK_i$ ; the signature is denoted by $S(SSK_i, CW-URI)$ . +- 2) Append this signature to the bit string CW-URI + +#### Retrieve CW-URI (key ladder block) + +- 1) Check the length of the input data. If the length of the CW-URI is 64 bits, then the key ladder block shall perform the normal process specified in clause 7.3.1 of [ITU-T J.1015] and abort the CW-URI authentication process. Otherwise, i.e., if the length is more than 64 bits, then take the CW-URI authentication process and go to the next step. +- 2) Check whether the SPK-URI and the usage rule as specified in clause 7.3.2 of [ITU-T J.1015] allow V to use $SPK_i$ to verify the signature. If this is not allowed, then the key ladder block shall abort the computations. +- 3) Use the received (CW-URI ||signature) and $SPK_i$ to verify the signature. If the signature is invalid, then the key ladder block shall abort the computations. +- 4) Retrieve CW-URI. + +## 6.2 Authentication of associated data 1 + +#### Compute AD1 ||signature (sender) + +- 1) Sign the bit string AD1 using $SSK_i$ ; the signature is denoted by $S(SSK_i, AD1)$ . +- 2) Append this signature to the bit string AD1. + +#### Retrieve associated data 1 (key ladder block) + +- 1) Check the length of input data. If the length of the AD1 is 256 bits, then the key ladder block shall perform the normal process specified in clause 7.3.1 of [ITU-T J.1015] and abort the AD1 authentication process. Otherwise, i.e., if the length is more than 256 bits, then take the AD1 authentication process and go to the next step. +- 2) Check whether the SPK-URI and the usage rule as specified in clause 7.3.2 of [ITU-T J.1015] allow V to use $SPK_i$ to verify the signature. If this is not allowed, then the key ladder block shall abort the computations. +- 3) Use the received (AD1 ||signature) and $SPK_i$ to verify the signature. If the signature is invalid, then the key ladder block shall abort the computations. +- 4) Retrieve AD1. + +# Appendix I + +## Areas for further development + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +It has been identified that this Recommendation needs further development and validation for it to meet the requirements set out in [b-ITU-T J.1010], and that [b-ITU-T J.1010] needs to be updated to reflect the requirements of the MovieLabs Enhanced Content Protection (ECP) specification [b-ECP]. Recommendations [b-ITU-T J.1011], [b-ITU-T J.1012], [b-ITU-T J.1013], [b-ITU-T J.1014], [ITU-T J.1015] and ITU-T J.1015.1 should in the future be updated to reflect those updates to [b-ITU-T J.1010]. + +A number of ITU Member States, as well as stakeholders from a variety of industries – including manufacturers of devices and electronic components, owners and licensees of copyrighted content, providers of over-the-top (OTT) and linear television services, and providers of conditional access system (CAS) and digital rights management (DRM) solutions – based all around the world have expressed concern that the Embedded Common Interface (ECI) does not fully meet the requirements of ECP, nor wider industry content protection requirements. + +More specifically, their concerns were raised in contributions to the ITU-T Study Group 9 (SG9) meeting (16-23 April 2020). Contributions from Israel, Australia, ITU-T Sector Member Samsung, and SG9 Associates Sky Group and MovieLabs proposed that a number of changes be included in the ECI Recommendations, but agreement on them was not reached. These items are inventoried in [b-SG9 Report 17 Ann.1]. + +They include proposals to: + +- 1) Simplify the ECI system by reducing its scope; +- 2) Remove DRM; +- 3) Remove the re-encryption of content; +- 4) Remove software management; +- 5) Add APIs for secure storage and cryptographic operations; +- 6) Allow vendor-specific key ladders; +- 7) Use ITU-T J.1207 TEE requirements; +- 8) Include TEE implementation for VM; +- 9) Upgrade the strength of the cryptographic algorithms, e.g., using SHA-384; +- 10) Use standard certificates, like ITU-T X.509; +- 11) Reconsider communications between clients; +- 12) Perform additional liaisons with ETSI; +- 13) Perform additional peer-review; +- 14) Explore alternatives to the Trust Authority model; +- 15) Define further the technical aspects of ECI compliance and robustness rules; +- 16) Add requirements for diversity, e.g., address space randomization; +- 17) Add requirements on runtime integrity checking. + +These proposals reflect that content protection and the threats of its compromise are continuously evolving. ECI was originally conceived nearly a decade before approval of this ITU-T Recommendation. Systems like ECI need to be assessed on a regular basis against the current state-of-the-art in both attack techniques and industry protection requirements. + +Other mechanisms exist to enable interoperability. In particular for the DRM use case, most internet video services have deployed other solutions to provide interoperability and to address their needs. + +Further clarity is important as many Member States regard ITU standards as influential sources of guidance for the development of their markets and industries. The list of concerns ensures ECI's implementation in their domestic markets can involve a full appreciation of implications of this ITU-T Recommendation and ensure that the issues are considered when legislation, regulation or market need requiring consumer digital television equipment to be interoperable are being considered. It also ensures that technology equipment manufacturers, who may prefer to use a unique set of requirements or other standards to design the products, can consider these issues in developing products for different markets. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.1010] Recommendation ITU-T J.1010 (2016), *Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions; Use cases and requirements.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1011] Recommendation ITU-T J.1011 (2016), *Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions; Architecture, definitions and overview.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1012] Recommendation ITU-T J.1012 (2020), *Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions; CA/DRM container, loader, interfaces, revocation.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1013] Recommendation ITU-T J.1013 (2020), *Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions; The virtual machine.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1014] Recommendation ITU-T J.1014 (2020), *Embedded common interface for exchangeable CA/DRM solutions; Advanced security – ECI-specific functionalities.* +- [b-SG9 Report 17 Ann.1] ITU-T SG9 meeting report, SG9-R17-Annex 1 (2020), Annex 1 to Report 17 of the SG9 fully virtual meeting held 16-23 April 2020. + +- [b-ECP] MovieLabs Specification for Enhanced Content Protection – Version 1.2 Available at: +[https://movielabs.com/ngvideo/MovieLabs\\_ECP\\_Spec\\_v1.2.pdf](https://movielabs.com/ngvideo/MovieLabs_ECP_Spec_v1.2.pdf) + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38bdd7bc1d3581fbdc3cf6b035f618693dbe3846 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:75efa8e3513a799767c04a0bb7bcd87a550f2378f5880629068581808c1c9f7f +size 7353 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..381e05993e35f0b94cd4e46728da1c108ab470a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:aaeffa576e74efc10be5118b76e13db0cc43a2b3cf528e20e43f48ca66d2e077 +size 45145 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..544805f6741d3eaac154e2e30b6eecc618783c2f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4bbdf26936c930001dca2c95d36f5ed6191d34d0990c68bdd81bbf50d10c75b2 +size 95943 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d0ce80f16c87a4759449f5ca9d3cfcfbbaaf5c90 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:0da5b3117240b53c5f18e6abb36b4926f2a1f5b94488b979f9d18c89ba9de941 +size 48964 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed624e4fe112347689554d9ed4b8e84e3730ddf6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1040-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,457 @@ + + +# Recommendation**ITU-T J.1040 (10/2024)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Conditional access and protection – Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution + +--- + +# **Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – Requirements** + +![ITU logo](0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the bottom right corner. It features a blue globe with white lines representing latitude and longitude, and the letters 'ITU' in a bold, blue, sans-serif font overlaid on the globe. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +### **Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| Renewable conditional access system | J.1000-J.1004 | +| Digital rights management for cable television multiscreen service | J.1005-J.1009 | +| Exchangeable embedded conditional access and digital rights management solutions | J.1010-J.1019 | +| Downloadable system for multi-CA/DRM service of mobile broadcasting | J.1020-J.1025 | +| Downloadable conditional access system for unidirectional networks | J.1026-J.1029 | +| Downloadable conditional access system for bidirectional networks | J.1031-J.1035 | +| Factual subscriber-base reporting and protected content delivery in conditional access systems | J.1036-J.1039 | +| Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution | J.1040-J.1044 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX - PART 2 | J.1290-J.1299 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| CLOUD-BASED SERVICES FOR IP DELIVERY OVER INTEGRATED BROADBAND CABLE NETWORK | J.1310-J.1319 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.1040 + +## Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – Requirements + +## Summary + +The service requirements for the application of new generation video and audio technologies, along with new video service models coupled with a diverse range of consumer devices used for the reception of content, bring new demands and opportunities to the video industry, especially broadcast and television video services, and raise higher requirements on digital rights management (DRM). The DRM system not only needs to have well defined security levels to meet the content protection requirements of different quality and different distribution window periods, but also needs to have sufficient platform compatibility to cover various terminal devices. In addition, higher encryption/decryption efficiency and encryption/decryption modes decoupled from content encapsulation are required to match the rapid development and transformation of video and audio technologies. In addition, an interoperability mechanism is required to achieve a more open DRM ecosystem. + +This Recommendation is part 1 of a multiparty deliverable composed of four parts. Part 1 provides the requirements of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution, including DRM service requirements and DRM client requirements. + +### History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1040 | 2024-10-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/16192 | + +### Keywords + +Digital rights management, video and audio content distribution, video and audio content protection. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, and information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2025 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Scenarios..... | 3 | +| 6.1 Linear programme scenario ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 VoD scenario ..... | 3 | +| 7 Business requirements analysis ..... | 3 | +| 7.1 Service provider mode..... | 3 | +| 7.2 Content provider mode ..... | 4 | +| 8 Technical requirements..... | 4 | +| 8.1 Overview ..... | 4 | +| 8.2 Key requirements..... | 5 | +| 8.3 DRM service..... | 6 | +| 8.4 DRM client ..... | 7 | +| Bibliography..... | 9 | + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.1040 + +## Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – Requirements + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation is part 1 of a multiparty deliverable composed of four parts. Part 1 depicts the content protection requirements from different scenarios, and describes the requirements of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution, including content encryption requirements, key management requirements, content authorization requirements and DRM client requirements. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +None. + +# 3 Definitions + +### 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 authorization** [b-ITU-T J.260]: The act of determining if a particular privilege, such as access to telecommunications resource, can be granted to the presenter of a particular credential. + +**3.1.2 content encryption key** [b-ITU-T Y.4500.3]: Symmetric key used to encrypt plaintext to produce the ciphertext and generate a message integrity check (MIC). + +**3.1.3 content provider** [b-ITU-T Y.1910]: The entity that owns or is licenced to sell content or content assets. + +**3.1.4 digital rights management** [b-ITU-T X.1193]: A synonym for service and content protection or content protection, depending upon the context of use. + +**3.1.5 service provider** [b-ITU-T M.1400]: A general reference to an operator that provides telecommunication services to customers and other users, either on a tariff or contract basis. A service provider may or may not operate a network. A service provider may or may not be a customer of another service provider. See clause 1.4.6 of [ITU-T M.3320] + +**3.1.6 video on demand (VoD)** [b-ITU-T Y.1910]: A service in which the end user can, on demand, select and view video content and where the end user can control the temporal order in which the video content is viewed (e.g., the ability to start the viewing, pause, fast forward, rewind, etc.). + +### 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 digital rights management (DRM) content:** Digital media content managed by DRM technology. + +**3.2.2 digital rights management (DRM) client:** A trusted entity in the digital media content playback device responsible for execution of DRM content-related permissions and restrictions. + +**3.2.3 digital rights management (DRM) server:** The entity that provides the licence service to the DRM client. + +**3.2.4 licence:** A description of control information such as access permissions, usage rules, and keys for digital media content. + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|---------|----------------------------------------------| +| AVS | Advanced Video Coding Standard | +| CEK | Content Encryption Key | +| CMAF | Common Media Application Format | +| DASH | Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| DRMVACD | DRM for Video and Audio Content Distribution | +| HLS | HTTP Live Streaming | +| IPTV | Internet Protocol Television | +| PKI | Public Key Infrastructure | +| SDK | Software Development Kit | +| STB | Set-Top-Box | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| VoD | Video-on-Demand | + +## 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In this Recommendation, the words shall, shall not, should and may sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as is required to, is prohibited from, is recommended, and can optionally. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Scenarios + +The application scenarios of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution include linear programme and video-on-demand (VoD). Linear programme is classified into cable linear programme and IPTV linear programme. VoD is classified into cable digital TV VoD, IPTV VoD, Internet TV VoD and Internet video service. + +## 6.1 Linear programme scenario + +In a linear programme scenario, a television station or the like, distributes a produced programme to a distribution channel such as a cable channel or an IPTV channel in a channel manner, and the distribution channel sends a linear programme to a terminal such as a set-top-box (STB) or a smart television. + +In a cable linear programme scenario, a cable TV operator receives a linear programme from a television station, and broadcasts the programme to a cable TV STB through the cable TV network. The STB demodulates a cable TV modulation signal to get linear programme transport streams (TSs), and decodes and plays the streams. + +In an IPTV linear programme scenario, the linear programme from the TV station is sent to the IPTV service provider. The IPTV service provider distributes the linear programme to the IPTV STB in IP multicast mode through the IPTV network. The IPTV STB receives multicast IP signals to get linear programme TSs, decodes and plays the streams. + +## 6.2 VoD scenario + +The VoD scenario refers to a scenario in which a user browses a content list provided by a service provider via a STB, a smart television, etc., and selects content to play. VoD scenarios can be classified into the following types: digital cable TV VoD, IPTV VoD, Internet TV VoD and Internet video service. + +## 7 Business requirements analysis + +The digital rights management for video and audio content distribution have two application modes: encryption and authorization by service provider, and encryption and authorization by content provider. + +### 7.1 Service provider mode + +In service provider mode, the service provider receives linear programme content and VoD content in a secure manner and encrypts the content. The terminal gets the linear programme content and VoD content by obtaining the authorization of the content from the service provider, as shown in Figure 1. + +![Figure 1: Service provider mode. A flowchart showing the interaction between a Content provider and a Service provider. The Content provider has 'Content production' leading to 'Content provision'. The Service provider has 'Content receiving', 'Content encryption', 'Content distribution', and 'Content authorization'. Arrows show content flow from production to receiving, then through encryption and distribution to a Terminal. The Business operation supporting system and Content authorization are connected to the Terminal and the Service provider's internal processes. J.1040(24) is noted in the bottom right.](a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph Content_provider [Content provider] + CP[Content production] --> CV[Content provision] + end + subgraph Service_provider [Service provider] + CR[Content receiving] --> CE[Content encryption] + CE --> CD[Content distribution] + CA[Content authorization] <--> CE + end + CV --> CR + CD --> T[Terminal] + BOS[Business operation supporting system] --> T + CA --> T + T --> BOS + J104024[J.1040(24)] + +``` + +Figure 1: Service provider mode. A flowchart showing the interaction between a Content provider and a Service provider. The Content provider has 'Content production' leading to 'Content provision'. The Service provider has 'Content receiving', 'Content encryption', 'Content distribution', and 'Content authorization'. Arrows show content flow from production to receiving, then through encryption and distribution to a Terminal. The Business operation supporting system and Content authorization are connected to the Terminal and the Service provider's internal processes. J.1040(24) is noted in the bottom right. + +Figure 1 – Service provider mode + +## 7.2 Content provider mode + +In content provider mode, the content provider encrypts the linear programme content and VoD content, and the terminal gets the linear programme content and VoD content from the service provider. The terminal obtains the authorization of the content from the content provider, as shown in Figure 2. + +![Figure 2: Content provider mode. A flowchart showing the interaction between a Content provider and a Service provider. The Content provider has 'Content production', 'Content encryption', 'Content provision', and 'Content authorization'. The Service provider has 'Content receiving', 'Content distribution', and 'Business operation supporting system'. Arrows show content flow from production to encryption, then to provision, then to the Service provider's receiving, and finally to distribution and the Terminal. The Content authorization is connected to the Terminal. J.1040(24) is noted in the bottom right.](daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph Content_provider [Content provider] + CP[Content production] --> CE[Content encryption] + CE --> CV[Content provision] + CA[Content authorization] <--> CE + end + subgraph Service_provider [Service provider] + CR[Content receiving] --> CD[Content distribution] + BOS[Business operation supporting system] + end + CV --> CR + CD --> T[Terminal] + CA --> T + T --> BOS + J104024[J.1040(24)] + +``` + +Figure 2: Content provider mode. A flowchart showing the interaction between a Content provider and a Service provider. The Content provider has 'Content production', 'Content encryption', 'Content provision', and 'Content authorization'. The Service provider has 'Content receiving', 'Content distribution', and 'Business operation supporting system'. Arrows show content flow from production to encryption, then to provision, then to the Service provider's receiving, and finally to distribution and the Terminal. The Content authorization is connected to the Terminal. J.1040(24) is noted in the bottom right. + +Figure 2 – Content provider mode + +## 8 Technical requirements + +### 8.1 Overview + +The application and deployment of DRM technology for the video and audio content distribution requires the collaboration among various players: video and audio content provider, service provider, smart terminal device manufacturer, chipset manufacturer, DRM client software development kit (SDK) provider, trust authority, evaluation and certification agency, etc. The overall framework is shown in Figure 3. + +![Figure 3 – Overall framework of application and deployment of DRM technology. The diagram shows a top section with content providers and operators (Internet video service operator, Internet TV service operator, IPTV operator, Cable operator) connected to networks (Internet, IPTV network, Cable network), which then connect to various devices (Smart TV, STB, Mobile, PC, IPTV STB, Cable STB). Below this is a dashed box containing the DRM service (Content encryption, Key management, Key gateway, Content authorization), DRM client, Evaluation and certification, Trust authority, and DRM client SDK. Arrows indicate the flow of data and control between these components.](cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg) + +J.1040(24) + +Figure 3 – Overall framework of application and deployment of DRM technology. The diagram shows a top section with content providers and operators (Internet video service operator, Internet TV service operator, IPTV operator, Cable operator) connected to networks (Internet, IPTV network, Cable network), which then connect to various devices (Smart TV, STB, Mobile, PC, IPTV STB, Cable STB). Below this is a dashed box containing the DRM service (Content encryption, Key management, Key gateway, Content authorization), DRM client, Evaluation and certification, Trust authority, and DRM client SDK. Arrows indicate the flow of data and control between these components. + +**Figure 3 – Overall framework of application and deployment of DRM technology** + +The core functions of the DRM service, such as content encryption, key management, key gateway, and content authorization, are deployed to encrypt and authorize linear programme content and VoD content. + +- The content encryption function uses the content encryption key (CEK) to encrypt the video and audio content. +- The key management function is responsible for synchronizing the CEK to the key gateway after receiving the CEK. +- The key gateway function stores the CEK confidentially after receiving the synchronized key, and serves the key query of the content authorization module. +- The content authorization function generates licence responses with a licence object containing the CEK and key usage rules based on DRM client's request, which is securely sent to the trusted DRM client. + +After the DRM client receives the licence object, it decrypts the CEK according to the key usage rules, and decrypts the content with the CEK to play. The DRM service and the DRM client establish a trust relationship based on public key infrastructure (PKI) technology, and perform secure communication with each other based on this trust relationship. + +## 8.2 Key requirements + +The key requirements of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution includes: + +[DRM-GRL-1] Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD) is required to support elementary stream level content encryption mechanisms, which shall not affect the conversion of content encapsulation formats to support different delivery and transmission modes. + +- [DRM-GRL-2] DRMVACD is recommended to support linear programme encryption, key distribution and synchronization. +- [DRM-GRL-3] DRMVACD is recommended to support new video coding formats, such as advanced video coding standard (AVS). +- [DRM-GRL-4] DRMVACD is required to have a client-server communication protocol with interoperability of a server and a client from different implementers. +- [DRM-GRL-5] DRMVACD is required to provide standard DRM client function interfaces and execution environment interfaces to facilitate the integration of a DRM client. +- [DRM-GRL-6] DRMVACD is required to have compliance and robustness rules. + +## 8.3 DRM service + +### 8.3.1 General security requirements of a DRM service + +The general security requirements are as follows: + +- [DRM-SRV-1] The cryptographic functions such as key generation, encryption, decryption, and signature is required to be implemented in the cryptographic module. +- [DRM-SRV-2] The private key, content encryption key, session key and temporary key is required to not be disclosed in plaintext outside the cryptographic module. +- [DRM-SRV-3] The cryptographic module is recommended to be certificated for security by a trusted and certified third party. +- [DRM-SRV-4] When the cryptographic module is removed, service is required to be stopped. +- [DRM-SRV-5] A software component integrity verification mechanism is required to be provided. When a software component is tampered, service shall stop. +- [DRM-SRV-6] DRM service of DRMVACD is required to support security log recording and log review. All operations, including software upgrade, software component modification, unauthorized tampering, and cryptographic module removal, are required to be securely recorded. +- [DRM-SRV-7] A security upgrade mechanism is required to be available to rectify security risks or vulnerabilities in a timely manner. + +### 8.3.2 Content encryption + +The requirements for a content encryption function are as follows: + +- [DRM-SRV-8] A content encryption function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is required to support elementary stream level content encryption mechanism, which is required to not affect the conversion of content encapsulation formats to support different delivery and transmission modes. +- [DRM-SRV-9] A content encryption function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is recommended to support encapsulation formats of linear programme content such as TS, HTTP live streaming (HLS), dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH), and common media application format (CMAF). +- [DRM-SRV-10] A content encryption function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is recommended to support video encoding formats of linear programme content such as AVS+, AVS2, AVS3, ITU-T H.264, and ITU-T H.265. +- [DRM-SRV-11] A content encryption function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is recommended to support encapsulation formats of VoD content such as TS, HLS, DASH, and CMAF. + +- [DRM-SRV-12] A content encryption function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is recommended to support video encoding formats of VoD content such as AVS+, AVS2, AVS3, H.264, and H.265. +- [DRM-SRV-13] Content encryption keys is required to be applied through key management. +- [DRM-SRV-14] The content encryption key for linear programme content encryption is required to be updated at a configurable frequency. +- [DRM-SRV-15] The linear programme content encryption latency is recommended to be less than 500ms. +- [DRM-SRV-16] A content encryption function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is recommended to avoid 00 00 00, 00 00 01, 00 00 02, and 00 00 03 in the encoded data after content encryption. The initial vector may be changed to prevent the emulation of the start code. + +### 8.3.3 Key management + +The requirements for the key management function are as follows: + +- [DRM-SRV-17] A key management function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is required to receive and process content encryption key applications. +- [DRM-SRV-18] A key management function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is required to support the secure storage of content encryption keys. +- [DRM-SRV-19] Content encryption keys are required to be synchronized to the key gateway. + +### 8.3.4 Key gateway + +The requirements for the key gateway function are as follows: + +- [DRM-SRV-20] A key gateway function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is required to receive and process content encryption key requests from the key management function. +- [DRM-SRV-21] A key gateway function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is required to support the secure storage of content encryption keys. +- [DRM-SRV-22] A key gateway function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is required to support receiving and processing the content encryption key requests sent by the content authorization. + +### 8.3.5 Content authorization + +The requirements for the content authorization function are as follows: + +- [DRM-SRV-23] A content authorization function in a DRM service of DRMVACD is required to support receiving and processing the content authorization licence request sent by the DRM client. +- [DRM-SRV-24] The content encryption key is required to request from the key gateway function. + +## 8.4 DRM client + +The DRM client is integrated with an audio or video player. The DRM client receives content authorization messages from the DRM server and decrypts content based on the playback rules specified in the content authorization messages to ensure the security of video or audio content during decryption, decoding and playback. + +DRM client security levels are classified into software security level, hardware security level, and enhanced hardware security level. The security requirements of DRM clients at each security level are listed in Table 1. + +**Table 1 – DRM client security level requirements** + +| number | DRM client security level | Security requirements | +|---------------|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Software security level | Parts or all of the DRM client execution environment is required to be implemented based on the software security mechanism. | +| 2 | Hardware security level | The DRM client execution environment is required to be implemented based on the hardware security mechanism. | +| 3 | Enhanced hardware security level | Based on the hardware security level, the execution environment of the DRM client is required to have capabilities including side channel attack resistance and session-based forensic watermark insertion. | + +Generally, video and audio content should be authorized based on the security level of the DRM client. The higher the security level of the DRM client, the higher the quality or commercial value of the video and audio content that can be decrypted and played. 4K and higher content is generally authorized only to the enhanced hardware security level DRM client for decryption and playback. 1080p content should be decrypted and played only by DRM clients of the hardware security level or higher. Software-based DRM clients should decrypt and play only content of 720p or lower. + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.260] Recommendation ITU-T J.260 (2005), *Requirements for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks.* +- [b-ITU-T M.1400] Recommendation ITU-T M.1400 (2015), *Designations for interconnections among operator's networks.* +- [b-ITU-T X.1193] Recommendation ITU-T X.1193 (2011), *Key management framework for secure internet protocol television (IPTV) services.* +- [b-ITU-T Y.1910] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1910 (2008), *IPTV functional architecture.* +- [b-ITU-T Y.4500.3] Recommendation ITU-T Y.4500.3 (2023), *oneM2M - Security solutions.* + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1041-202503-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1041-202503-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..15a5cedea78f3974653fe4e4693078c350a41bdb --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1041-202503-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,2303 @@ + + +# Recommendation**ITU-T J.1041 (03/2025)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Conditional access and protection – Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution + +--- + +# **Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – System architecture** + +![ITU logo](0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the bottom right corner. It features the letters 'ITU' in a bold, blue, sans-serif font, superimposed on a stylized globe icon with intersecting lines. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +### Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS – PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) – PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION – PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) – PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION – PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) – PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) – PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| Renewable conditional access system | J.1000-J.1004 | +| Digital rights management for cable television multiscreen service | J.1005-J.1009 | +| Exchangeable embedded conditional access and digital rights management solutions | J.1010-J.1019 | +| Downloadable system for multi-CA/DRM service of mobile broadcasting | J.1020-J.1025 | +| Downloadable conditional access system for unidirectional networks | J.1026-J.1029 | +| Downloadable conditional access system for bidirectional networks | J.1031-J.1035 | +| Factual subscriber-base reporting and protected content delivery in conditional access systems | J.1036-J.1039 | +| Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution | J.1040-J.1044 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX – PART 2 | J.1290-J.1299 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| CLOUD-BASED SERVICES FOR IP DELIVERY OVER INTEGRATED BROADBAND CABLE NETWORK | J.1310-J.1319 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1041 + +## Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – System architecture + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1041 is Part 2 of a multi-part deliverable composed of four parts. Part 2 describes the system architecture of digital rights management (DRM) for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD), including system functional architecture, content encryption mechanism, license format, license acquisition protocol, and DRM server-side architecture, and certificate format. + +The service requirements for the application of new generation video and audio technologies, along with the new video service models coupled with a diverse range of consumer devices used for the reception of content, bring new demands and opportunities to the video industry, especially broadcast and television video services, and raise higher requirements for DRM, described in Recommendation ITU-T J.1040. The DRM system not only needs to have well-defined security levels to meet the content protection requirements of different quality and different distribution window periods, but also needs to have sufficient platform compatibility to cover various terminal devices. In addition, higher encryption/decryption efficiency and encryption/decryption modes decoupled from content encapsulation are required to match the rapid development and transformation of video and audio technologies. In addition, an interoperability mechanism is required to achieve a more open DRM ecosystem. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1041 | 2025-03-16 | 21 | 11.1002/1000/16262 | + +## Keywords + +Digital rights management, DRM, system architecture, video and audio content distribution, video and audio content protection. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, and information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2025 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|---------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 | Architecture ..... | 4 | +| 6.1 | Functional architecture ..... | 4 | +| 6.2 | Content authorization ..... | 4 | +| 6.3 | Key management ..... | 6 | +| 6.4 | Security mechanisms ..... | 7 | +| 6.5 | Trust model..... | 7 | +| 7 | Content encryption..... | 8 | +| 7.1 | Content encryption methods..... | 8 | +| 7.2 | Content encapsulation format..... | 12 | +| 8 | License format ..... | 16 | +| 8.1 | License structure..... | 16 | +| 8.2 | License encoding ..... | 17 | +| 9 | License acquisition protocol ..... | 24 | +| 9.1 | License acquisition request..... | 25 | +| 9.2 | License acquisition response ..... | 26 | +| 9.3 | Status information ..... | 29 | +| 9.4 | Message signature mechanism ..... | 29 | +| 10 | DRM server side ..... | 30 | +| 10.1 | Key synchronization protocol..... | 30 | +| 10.2 | Key query protocol ..... | 33 | +| Annex A | – Formats of digital certificate, online certificate status protocol and certificate revocation list..... | 37 | +| A.1 | Digital certificate format ..... | 37 | +| A.2 | Online certificate status protocol..... | 47 | +| A.3 | Certificate revocation list (CRL) ..... | 49 | +| Annex B | – H.264/H.265 content encryption method..... | 50 | +| B.1 | H.264 ..... | 50 | +| B.2 | H.265 ..... | 51 | +| B.3 | TS encapsulation method extension ..... | 51 | +| B.4 | Emulation prevention ..... | 51 | + +| | | +|----------------------------------------|----| +| Annex C – Cryptographic algorithm..... | 52 | +| Bibliography..... | 54 | + +# Introduction + +This Recommendation document is Part 2 of a multi-part deliverable composed of four parts. Part 2 describes the system architecture of digital rights management (DRM) for video and audio content distribution, including system functional architecture, content encryption mechanism, license format, license acquisition protocol, and DRM server-side architecture, and certificate format. The other parts are identified below: + +Part 1: Requirements; + +**Part 2: System architecture;** + +Part 3: Client; + +Part 4: Compliance and robustness rules. + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1041 + +## Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – System architecture + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation is Part 2 of a multi-part deliverable composed of four parts. Part 2 describes the system architecture of digital rights management (DRM) for video and audio content distribution, including system functional architecture, content encryption mechanism, license format, license acquisition protocol, and DRM server-side architecture, and certificate format. The DRM requirements are described in [ITU-T J.1040]. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.1040] Recommendation ITU-T J.1040 (2024), *Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – Requirements*. +- [ITU-T J.1042] Recommendation ITU-T J.1042 (2025), *Digital rights management for video and audio content distribution – Client*. +- [ECMA 404] ECMA 404 (2017), *The JSON data interchange format*. . [Accessed 4 June 2025] +- [ISO/IEC 10118-3:2018] ISO/IEC 10118-3:2018, *IT Security techniques – Hash-functions – Part 3: Dedicated hash-functions*. +- [ISO/IEC 14496-12:2015] ISO/IEC 14496-12:2015, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 12: ISO base media file format*. +- [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018] ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018, *IT Security techniques – Digital signatures with appendix – Part 3: Discrete logarithm based mechanisms*. +- [ISO/IEC 18033-3/AMD1] ISO/IEC 18033-3:2010/AMD1:2021, *Information technology – Security techniques – Encryption algorithms – Part 3: Block ciphers – Amendment 1: SM4*. +- [ISO/IEC 23001-7:2016] ISO/IEC 23001-7:2016, *Information technology – MPEG systems technologies – Part 7: Common encryption in ISO base media file format files*. +- [ISO/IEC 23009-4:2013] ISO/IEC 23009-4:2013, *Information technology – Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) – Part 4: Segment encryption and authentication*. +- [IEEE 1857-2023] IEEE 1857-2023, *IEEE Standard for Advanced Audio and Video Coding*. + +| | | +|--------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [IEEE 1857.4-2018] | IEEE 1857.4-2018, IEEE Standard for Second-Generation IEEE 1857 Video Coding . | +| [IETF RFC 2045] | IETF RFC 2045, Multipurpose internet mail extensions – Part 1: Format of internet message bodies . | +| [IETF RFC 2104] | IETF RFC 2104, HMAC:Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication . | +| [IETF RFC 5280] | IETF RFC 5280, Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile . | +| [IETF RFC 6960] | IETF RFC 6960, X.509 Internet Public Key Infrastructure Online Certificate Status Protocol – OCSP . | + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 digital rights management (DRM) client** [ITU-T J.1040]: A trusted entity in the digital media content playback device responsible for execution of DRM content-related permissions and restrictions. + +**3.1.2 digital rights management (DRM) content** [ITU-T J.1040]: Digital media content managed by DRM technology. + +**3.1.3 digital rights management (DRM) server** [ITU-T J.1040]: The entity that provides the license service to the DRM client. + +**3.1.4 encryption** [b-ITU-T X.1367]: The cryptographic transformation of data to produce ciphertext. + +**3.1.5 decryption** [b-ITU-T Y.101]: The decoding of encrypted information. + +**3.1.6 digital signature** [b-ITU-T X.800]: Data appended to, or a cryptographic transformation (see cryptography) of a data unit that allows a recipient of the data unit to prove the source and integrity of the data unit and protect against forgery, e.g., by the recipient. + +**3.1.7 license** [ITU-T J.1040]: A description of control information such as access permissions, usage rules, and keys for digital media content. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------| +| CA | Certification Authority | +| CBC | Cipher Block Chain | +| CEI | Content Encryption Information | +| CEK | Content Encryption Key | +| CENC | Common Encryption | +| CRL | Certificate Revocation List | +| CTR | Counter Mode | + +| | | +|---------|----------------------------------------------| +| DASH | Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP | +| DER | Distinguished Encoding Rules | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| DRMVACD | DRM for Video and Audio Content Distribution | +| HLS | HTTP Live Streaming | +| HMAC | Hash-based Message Authentication Code | +| HTTP | Hyper Text Transport Protocol | +| IPTV | Internet Protocol Television | +| IV | Initialization Vector | +| JSON | JavaScript Object Notation | +| KID | Key Identifier | +| MPD | Media Presentation Description | +| NAL | Network Abstract Layer | +| OCSP | Online Certificate Status Protocol | +| PKI | Public Key Infrastructure | +| PMT | Program Map Table | +| SEI | Supplemental Enhancement Information | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| uimsbf | unsigned integer, most significant bit first | +| URI | Uniform Resource Identifier | +| UTC | Universal Time Coordinated | +| UUID | Universally Unique Identifier | +| VoD | Video on Demand | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option, and that the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means that the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In this Recommendation, the words shall, shall not, should and may sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as is required to, is prohibited from, is recommended, and can + +optionally. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Architecture + +Based on cryptography, public key infrastructure (PKI) technology and authorization technology, this Recommendation defines the end-to-end functional architecture, content authorization, key management, security mechanisms, and trust model for digital rights management of video and audio content distribution. The functional architecture, technical mechanisms, basic formats, and protocols defined in this Recommendation can be used to construct an end-to-end digital rights management system for video and audio content distribution. + +## 6.1 Functional architecture + +The digital rights management system for video and audio content distribution is logically divided into two parts – digital rights management (DRM) server side and DRM client side, as shown in Figure 6-1. DRM server-side system includes core modules such as content encryption, key management, key gateway, and content authorization. The content encryption module uses the content encryption keys (CEKs) to encrypt the video and audio content. The key management module is responsible for synchronizing CEKs to the key gateway module after the generation of CEKs. The key gateway module stores the CEKs confidentially after receiving the synchronized keys and serves the key query of the content authorization module. The content authorization module generates license responses with a license containing the CEKs and key usage rules that are securely sent to the trusted DRM client defined in [ITU-T J.1042]. After the DRM client receives the license, it decrypts the CEKs according to the key usage rule, and decrypts the content with the CEKs to play. + +DRM server-side modules and DRM client establish a trust relationship based on PKI technology and perform secure communication with each other based on this trust relationship. + +![Functional architecture of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD) diagram](08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph TD + subgraph DRM_server [DRM server] + LP[Linear program/VoD] --> PC[Protected content] + CE[Content encryption] --> PC + KM[Key management] --> |CEK| CE + KM --> |CEK| KG[Key gateway] + KG --> |CEK| CA[Content authorization] + TA[Trust authority] <--> |OCSP / CRL| CA + TA -. |DRM server certificate| .-> CA + end + + subgraph License_Box [License] + UR[Usage rule] + PCEK[Protected CEK] + end + + CA --> License_Box + License_Box --> DC[DRM client] + PC --> DC + DC -. |DRM client certificate| .-> TA + + style DRM_server fill:none,stroke:none + style License_Box fill:none,stroke:black + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the functional architecture of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD). It is divided into a DRM server side and a DRM client side by a vertical dashed line. On the DRM server side: 'Linear program/VoD' is processed into 'Protected content' via 'Content encryption'. 'Key management' generates 'CEK' (Content Encryption Key), which is sent to 'Content encryption' and synchronized to the 'Key gateway'. The 'Key gateway' provides the 'CEK' to 'Content authorization'. 'Content authorization' interacts with a 'Trust authority' using OCSP and CRL protocols and receives a 'DRM server certificate'. 'Content authorization' issues a 'License' containing a 'Usage rule' and a 'Protected CEK'. On the DRM client side: The 'DRM client' receives the 'Protected content' and the 'License'. The 'DRM client' also provides a 'DRM client certificate' to the 'Trust authority'. + +Functional architecture of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD) diagram + +**Figure 6-1 – Functional architecture of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD)** + +## 6.2 Content authorization + +The digital rights management system for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD) performs content authorization based on the mechanism of associating hierarchical keys with key usage rules. Logically, the keys can be divided into multiple layers based on the sequence of + +encryption, and the key that encrypts the current key is called the upper key. Each key has its own key usage rules. The current key can only be decrypted under the conditions specified in the upper key's usage rules. Each key may have multiple key usage rules, the key can only be used if it satisfies all of its usage rules. The mechanism of associating keys with key usage rules is shown in Figure 6-2. + +![Diagram illustrating the associating mechanism of keys and key usage rules. It shows a vertical sequence of keys: Key1, Key2, ..., KeyN. Each key is associated with its own set of usage rules (KeyRules1, KeyRules2, ..., KeyRulesN) via a horizontal arrow pointing from the rules to the key. The keys are also linked vertically by downward arrows, indicating a hierarchy where each key is encrypted by the one above it.](4e4be0bd8b235167902f2c03e41da651_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Key1[Key1] --> Key2[Key2] + Key2 --> Dots1[...] + Dots1 --> KeyN[KeyN] + KeyRules1[KeyRules1] --> Key1 + KeyRules2[KeyRules2] --> Key2 + Dots2[...] --> Dots1 + KeyRulesN[KeyRulesN] --> KeyN + +``` + +J.1041(25) + +Diagram illustrating the associating mechanism of keys and key usage rules. It shows a vertical sequence of keys: Key1, Key2, ..., KeyN. Each key is associated with its own set of usage rules (KeyRules1, KeyRules2, ..., KeyRulesN) via a horizontal arrow pointing from the rules to the key. The keys are also linked vertically by downward arrows, indicating a hierarchy where each key is encrypted by the one above it. + +**Figure 6-2 – The associating mechanism of keys and key usage rules** + +Key usage rules typically include start time, end time, time period, number of uses, cumulative time period, output rules, and client security level. Different types of keys may include special key usage rules. + +The start time indicates that the key is only allowed to be used after the specified time. + +The end time indicates that the key is not allowed to be used after the specified time. + +A time period indicates that the key is only allowed to be used for a period of time after the first use. + +"Number of uses" indicates the number of times the key can be used, counting 1 use when successfully using this key to complete a decryption. + +The cumulative time period is the accumulation of the client player time from start to stop of a playback. If the accumulated time from multiple playback sessions is longer than the cumulative time period, the key usage is no longer allowed. The cumulative time period is typically used in a preview scenario, for example consider a video on demand (VoD) program with a total length of 90 minutes, then a cumulative time period of 600 seconds would only permit playback of up to 10 minutes from any scenes in the program. + +The output rule specifies whether the decoded video and audio content is allowed to output to other devices, as well as the allowed output scope and mode. "No output rule" means no limitation on the output. + +Client security level indicates that using CEK to decrypt content is only allowed on DRM clients at a specific security level. There are three defined client security levels: software security level, hardware security level, and enhanced hardware security level. Client security level information is included in DRM client certificate. A CEK can be used to decrypt content for playback or output only if the security level in the DRM client certificate is equal to or higher than the client security level specified in the key usage rules. + +If there is no key usage rule, there is no restriction on the key usage. + +The digital rights management system for video and audio content distribution may contain multiple types of keys, such as CEKs, session keys, hash-based message authentication code keys and device keys. + +The content encryption key is the key that encrypts the digital media content. Each content item may have multiple content encryption keys. Key usage rules for CEK include: start time, end time, time period, number of uses, cumulative time period, output rules, and client security level. + +A session key is a temporary key that is generated by the server when the client requests a license, which is used in the license to protect CEK. + +A hash-based message authentication code key is a temporary key that is used to generate a hash-based message authentication code to protect the integrity of the license. + +A device key refers to the key pair of the DRM client. The device key shall be an asymmetric key such that data encrypted with the device public key can only be decrypted by the DRM client. + +The DRM server uses the CEK to encrypt the digital media content. It encrypts the CEK and other content-related keys (such as session key, hash-based message authentication code key, etc.) by using the hierarchical key encryption method, then packages these encrypted keys together with their key usage rules into a license and sends it to the DRM client. The session key and hash-based message authentication code key are encrypted using the device public key. The DRM client uses the keys according to the usage rules of the keys at different levels in the hierarchical key system to decrypt and play the digital media content. The content authorization mechanism of the digital rights management system for video and audio content distribution is shown in Figure 6-3. + +![Diagram of the content authorization mechanism showing the flow from Content to Encrypted content, and the structure of the License containing encrypted keys and usage rules.](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the content authorization mechanism. On the left, a vertical stack shows 'Content' at the bottom, 'CEK' (Content Encryption Key) in the middle, and 'Encrypted content' at the top. Arrows indicate that 'Content' is encrypted with 'CEK' to produce 'Encrypted content'. Below this stack, a box labeled 'DRM client public key' is shown. The main part of the diagram is a large box labeled 'License'. Inside the 'License' box, there is a vertical stack of elements: 'Content information' at the top, followed by 'Encrypted CEK', 'Encrypted session key', and 'Encrypted HMAC key'. Arrows from 'Content information' point down to each of these three encrypted elements. To the right of 'Encrypted CEK' and 'Encrypted session key' are boxes labeled 'Key usage rule', with arrows pointing from each encrypted key to its respective rule. Below 'Encrypted HMAC key', an arrow points to a box labeled 'Authenticated device', which in turn points to a box labeled 'Digital signature'. Another arrow from 'Encrypted HMAC key' points directly to the 'Digital signature' box. Finally, an arrow points from the 'Authenticated device' box back to the 'DRM client public key' box on the left. The text 'J.1041(25)' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Diagram of the content authorization mechanism showing the flow from Content to Encrypted content, and the structure of the License containing encrypted keys and usage rules. + +Figure 6-3 – Content authorization mechanism + +## 6.3 Key management + +DRM server and DRM client have their own asymmetric key pairs, based on an asymmetric cryptographic algorithm for license acquisition. The DRM server uses a symmetric cryptographic algorithm for content encryption, then encrypts the CEK and sends it to the DRM client in the license. Key management mechanism is shown in Figure 6-4. + +![Figure 6-4 – Key Management mechanism diagram showing the flow of keys between a DRM server and a DRM client.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the key management process between a DRM server and a DRM client. At the top, a 'DRM server' and a 'DRM client' are connected by a 'License acquisition' arrow. Below the DRM server, a box contains the following components and flow: 'DRM client public key' (top), 'HMAC key' (left), 'Session key' (middle), and 'CEK' (bottom). Arrows show 'Encrypt' from the public key to both the HMAC key and the Session key, and another 'Encrypt' from the Session key to the CEK. Below this box, an 'Encrypt' arrow points to 'Content'. A dashed 'License' arrow points from the DRM server's box to the DRM client's box. The DRM client's box contains: 'DRM client private key' (top), 'Session key' (middle), 'HMAC key' (right), and 'CEK' (bottom). Arrows show 'Decrypt' from the private key to both the Session key and the HMAC key, and another 'Decrypt' from the Session key to the CEK. Below this box, a 'Decrypt' arrow points to 'Content'. The text 'J.1041(25)' is in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 6-4 – Key Management mechanism diagram showing the flow of keys between a DRM server and a DRM client. + +**Figure 6-4 – Key Management mechanism** + +Certificates of the DRM server and the DRM client contain their own public keys. They are responsible for securing their own certificate and private keys separately. + +The video and audio content is encrypted using the CEK. The DRM server generates a session key which is used to encrypt the CEK and then encrypts the session key with the DRM client public key. The DRM server encapsulates the encrypted session key and the encrypted content encryption key into a license and sends them to the DRM client. The license uses the hash-based message authentication code to guarantee its integrity, and the encrypted hash-based message authentication code key is encapsulated in the license. + +After the DRM client receives the license, it decrypts the session key with the DRM client private key, then decrypts the CEK with this session key. Thus, the DRM client can decrypt the content with this CEK for decoding and playback. + +## 6.4 Security mechanisms + +The security mechanism of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution is specified as follows: + +Data confidentiality + +Confidentiality should protect sensitive data through encryption. Sensitive data should include at least the protected content and the CEKs; + +Identity authentication + +Identity authentication should be achieved by verifying the validity of each other's digital certificates between the DRM client and the DRM server; + +Data integrity + +Data integrity should be achieved by verifying the digital signature in the protocol message and the hash-based message authentication code in the license. + +## 6.5 Trust model + +The trust model of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution is based on the PKI system. In the DRM system, the core components of the DRM server side and the DRM client all apply a digital certificate from the trusted authority as the credential of their own identity. The + +trust relationship between them is based on the validity of their digital certificates. If the DRM client's certificate is verified by the DRM server, the DRM server trusts the DRM client. + +A digital certificate is the foundation of the DRM system to build a trust relationship. The DRM client should be associated with a digital certificate. Each DRM client should carry at least one digital certificate. Each DRM client must have a unique identifier which should be loaded from the digital certificate. + +The trust chain of the digital rights management system for video and audio content distribution includes the root certification authority (CA) certificate, the DRM server sub-CA certificate, the DRM client sub-CA certificate, the DRM server certificate, the DRM client certificate, and the online certificate status protocol (OCSP) server certificate. The security trust mechanism is shown in Figure 6-5. + +![Figure 6-5 – Security trust mechanism diagram](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; RootCA[Root CA] --> DRMServerSubCA1[DRM server sub-CA]; RootCA --> DRMServerSubCA2[DRM server sub-CA]; DRMServerSubCA1 --> OCSPServerCert[OCSP server certificate]; DRMServerSubCA1 --> DRMServerCert[DRM server certificate]; DRMServerSubCA2 --> DRMClientCert[DRM client certificate]; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the security trust mechanism. At the top is the 'Root CA'. Below it are two 'DRM server sub-CA' boxes. The left 'DRM server sub-CA' box has two arrows pointing down to 'OCSP server certificate' and 'DRM server certificate' boxes. The right 'DRM server sub-CA' box has one arrow pointing down to a 'DRM client certificate' box. The text 'J.1041(25)' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Figure 6-5 – Security trust mechanism diagram + +**Figure 6-5 – Security trust mechanism** + +After the trust chain is established, the DRM server-side system securely stores the DRM server certificate and its private key, the OCSP server certificate, the DRM server sub-CA certificate, and the root CA certificate, and the DRM client system securely stores the DRM client certificate and its private key, the DRM client sub-CA certificate, and the root CA certificate. + +The DRM server-side system determines the validity of the DRM client certificate based on the DRM client certificate revocation list (CRL) list, and the DRM client determines the validity of the DRM server-side certificate based on the OCSP response. + +Annex A defines the digital certificates format, online certificate status protocol, and certificate revocation list format in digital rights management for video and audio content distribution. + +# 7 Content encryption + +This clause defines content encryption methods and encrypted content encapsulation formats for digital rights management used in the distribution of video and audio content. The encrypted content should contain the content identifier and the necessary information to obtain a license. Depending on the scenarios, different encrypted content encapsulation formats are defined. + +## 7.1 Content encryption methods + +### 7.1.1 Content encryption information + +The DRM system shall encrypt the elementary stream of video content, and should add content encryption information (CEI) to the extended data of the elementary stream. The CEI is used to indicate how the subsequent video is encrypted. CEI includes the encryption flag, the current CEK identifier, the next CEK identifier, and the initialization vector. Before the next CEI appears, all video data is encrypted in the manner specified by clause 7.1.2, and the data that needs to be encrypted in each video frame uses the initialization vector in the current CEI. The CEI data syntax format is shown in Table 7-1. + +**Table 7-1 – CEI Data Syntax Format** + +| Grammar | Number of bits | +|------------------------------|----------------| +| CEI_DATA () { | | +| encryption_flag | 1 | +| next_key_id_flag | 1 | +| Reserved | 6 | +| if (encryption_flag == 1) { | | +| current_key_id | 128 | +| } | | +| if (next_key_id_flag == 1) { | | +| next_key_id | 128 | +| } | | +| IV_length | 8 | +| IV | IV_length × 8 | +| } | | + +encryption\_flag: indicates whether the video data after this extended data is encrypted. + +next\_key\_id\_flag: indicates whether the CEI data contains the next key identifier. + +current\_key\_id: indicates the key identifier used by subsequent video encryption. + +next\_key\_id: indicates the next key identifier that video encryption will use. This allows the DRM client to request the key in advance from the server before the key is changed. + +IV\_length: The length of initialization vector of the encryption algorithm. + +Initialization vector (IV): The initialization vector of the encryption algorithm. + +### **7.1.2 Content encryption mechanism** + +For the video codec format specified by [IEEE 1857-2023] and [IEEE 1857.4-2018], CEI data is placed in the extension\_data after sequence\_header. The following uses the format of [IEEE 1857.4-2018] as an example, and the position of CEI is as follow: + +``` + +extension_data (i) { + while (next_bits (32) == extension_start_code) { + extension_start_code + if (i == 0) { /* after sequence header */ + if (next_bits (4) == ' 1101 ') /* CEI */ + CEI () + } + } +} + +``` + +The CEI syntax is shown in Table 7-2. + +**Table 7-2 – CEI syntax** + +| Grammar | Number of bits | Note | +|--------------|----------------|---------------| +| CEI () { | | | +| extension_id | 4 | ' 1101 ' | +| Reserved | 4 | | +| CEI_DATA () | | See Table 7-1 | +| } | | | + +The encryption for video content encoded in [IEEE 1857.4-2018] involves adding extended information that contains CEI data in extension\_and\_user\_data (0), encrypting the slice in each frame, and retaining only the header information of the first slice after encryption. The encryption of each frame in the same video sequence uses the same initialization vector, that is, the initialization vector contained in the CEI extension information in the video sequence. [IEEE 1857.4-2018] specifies the following encryption syntax for video content: + +``` + +video_sequence{ +do{ +sequence_header () +extension_and_user_data (0) +do{ +if (next_bits(32)) == intra_picture_start_code) +intra_picture_header () +else +inter_picture_header () +extension_and_user_data (1) +picture_data () //retains the first slice () header and the rest is encrypted. +}while (next_bits(32)) ==inter_picture_start_code|| next_bits 32() ==intra_picture_start_code) +}while (next_bits(32)) != video_sequence_end_code && next_bits (32) != video_edit_code) +if (next_bits(32)) == video_sequence_end_code) +video_sequence_end_code +if (next_bits(32)) == video_edit_code) +video_edit_code +} +} + +``` + +The packaging of encrypted video content encoded in [IEEE 1857-2023] and [IEEE 1857.4-2018] is shown in Figure 7-1. + +![Figure 7-1 – Encrypted Content Packaging diagram. This hierarchical diagram shows the structure of a video sequence. At the top level, a 'video_sequence' is composed of multiple 'video_sequence' blocks. The second level shows a 'video_sequence' block containing 'video_sequence_start_code (B0)' and 'video_sequence_data'. The third level breaks down 'video_sequence_data' into 'sequence_header()', 'extension_and_user_data(0)', 'intra_picture_data', '...', and 'inter_picture_data'. The fourth level details 'sequence_header()' as 'extension_start_code()', 'extension_id', and 'CEI_DATA'. The fifth level details 'intra_picture_data' as 'intra_picture_start_code()', 'extension_and_user_data(1)', 'slice_start_code()', 'slice_data', '...', and 'slice()'. Finally, an arrow points from the 'slice_data' block to an 'encrypted_picture_data()' block. The diagram is labeled J.1041(25) in the bottom right corner.](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +Figure 7-1 – Encrypted Content Packaging diagram. This hierarchical diagram shows the structure of a video sequence. At the top level, a 'video\_sequence' is composed of multiple 'video\_sequence' blocks. The second level shows a 'video\_sequence' block containing 'video\_sequence\_start\_code (B0)' and 'video\_sequence\_data'. The third level breaks down 'video\_sequence\_data' into 'sequence\_header()', 'extension\_and\_user\_data(0)', 'intra\_picture\_data', '...', and 'inter\_picture\_data'. The fourth level details 'sequence\_header()' as 'extension\_start\_code()', 'extension\_id', and 'CEI\_DATA'. The fifth level details 'intra\_picture\_data' as 'intra\_picture\_start\_code()', 'extension\_and\_user\_data(1)', 'slice\_start\_code()', 'slice\_data', '...', and 'slice()'. Finally, an arrow points from the 'slice\_data' block to an 'encrypted\_picture\_data()' block. The diagram is labeled J.1041(25) in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 7-1 – Encrypted Content Packaging diagram** + +Content encryption is classified into full encryption mode and partial encryption mode. + +In full encryption mode, the data part of the slice is encrypted, and last part that is less than or equal to 16 bytes is not encrypted. Encryption algorithm is SM4, as defined in [ISO/IEC 18033-3/AMD1]. Encryption mode is cipher block chain (CBC) or counter mode (CTR). The syntax is as follows: + +``` + +encrypted_slice_data () +{ + while (bytes_remaining () > 16) + { + protected_block // 16 bytes * n + } + unencrypted_trailer //1-16 bytes +} + +``` + +Partial encryption mode encrypts 10% of the slice data, that is, after encrypting a 16-byte block, the following nine 16-byte blocks are not encrypted, and the last part that is less than or equal to 16 bytes is not encrypted. Encryption algorithm is SM4. Encryption mode is CBC or CTR. The syntax is as follows: + +``` + +encrypted_slice_data () +{ + while (Bytes_remaining () > 0) + { + if (bytes_remaining () > 16) { + protected_block //16 bytes + } + unencrypted_trailer //MIN (144, bytes_remaining ()) bytes + } +} + +``` + +### 7.1.3 Emulation prevention + +The following conversion rules of the CEI\_DATA and encrypted coded data prevent the emulation of start codes: + +00 00 00 replace with 00 00 03 00 + +00 00 01 replace with 00 00 03 01 + +00 00 02 replace with 00 00 03 02 + +00 00 03 replace with 00 00 03 03 + +Before decryption, it is necessary to restore the CEI\_DATA and encrypted coded data and then decrypt them accordingly. That is: + +00 00 03 00 replace with 00 00 00 + +00 00 03 01 replace with 00 00 01 + +00 00 03 02 replace with 00 00 02 + +00 00 03 03 replace with 00 00 03 + +For the content encoded by H.264/H.265 video codec format, the content encryption method is specified in Annex B. + +## 7.2 Content encapsulation format + +### 7.2.1 TS encapsulation + +Transport stream (TS) encapsulation refers to an encapsulation format of encrypted content when content is transmitted in a transport stream manner, such as digital television (TV) or Internet protocol television (IPTV). The distribution of TS-encapsulated content using HTTP live streaming (HLS) must comply with clause 7.2.4. To enable the client player to identify the encrypted stream and obtain DRM information in the encrypted stream, the DRM descriptor needs to be added to the program map table (PMT) table. The DRM descriptor in the PMT table includes encrypted content format, encryption method, license acquisition uniform resource identifier (URI) and so on. DRM descriptor syntax is shown in Table 7-3. + +**Table 7-3 – DRM descriptor syntax** + +| Grammar | Number of bits | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------------| +| DRM_descriptor () { | | +| descriptor_tag | 8 | +| descriptor_length | 8 | +| video_format | 4 | +| video_encryption_method | 4 | +| audio_format | 4 | +| audio_encryption_method | 4 | +| DRM_data_bytes | $(\text{descriptor\_length}-2) \times 8$ | +| } | | + +descriptor\_tag: identifier for this descriptor containing the value 0xC0. + +descriptor\_length: length of the descriptor data. + +video\_format: indicates the video encoding format of this encrypted content specified in Table 7-4. + +video\_encryption\_method: indicates the encryption method of this video content specified in Table 7-5. + +audio\_format: the audio encoding format of this encrypted content streaming, which is customized. + +audio\_encryption\_method: indicates the encryption method of this video streaming, which is customized. + +DRM\_data\_bytes: indicates the relevant information for obtaining the license specified in Table 7-6. Since descriptor\_length is one byte, the maximum length of this field is 253. + +**Table 7-4 – Video encoding format** + +| Encoding formats | Value | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------| +| IEEE Standard for Advanced Audio and Video Coding (specified in [IEEE 1857-2023]) | 0001 | +| IEEE Standard for Second-Generation IEEE 1857 Video Coding (specified in [IEEE 1857.4-2018]) | 0010 | +| Reserved | 0000, 0011~1111 | + +**Table 7-5 – Video Encryption method** + +| Encryption method | Value | Description | +|-------------------|-----------------------|----------------------------------------| +| NONE | 0000 | Not encrypted. | +| SAMPLE-SM4 | 0001 | Partial encryption mode using SM4-CBC. | +| SM4-CBC | 0011 | Full encryption mode using SM4-CBC. | +| SAMPLE-SM4-CTR | 0100 | Partial encryption mode using SM4-CTR. | +| SM4-CTR | 0110 | Full encryption mode using SM4-CTR. | +| Reserved | 0010, 0101, 0111~1111 | Reserved. | + +### 7.2.2 ISO base file format encapsulation + +ISO base file format should follow [ISO/IEC 14496-12:2015]. The common encryption format (CENC) is an encryption format based on [ISO/IEC 14496-12:2015]. This encryption mode enables different DRM systems to decrypt the same content. CENC is specified in [ISO/IEC 23001-7:2016]. + +When using the CENC common encryption format, the support of SM4 encryption algorithm for default\_IsEncrypted in TrackEncryptionBox ('tenc') or IsEncrypted in SampleGroupDescriptionBox ('sgpd') should be added. Encryption mode uses CBC or CTR defined as follows: + +--0x0: Not encrypted. + +--0x1: Encrypted. + +When using SM4-CTR, set scheme\_type = 'sm4t' in 'schm' of 'sinf'; + +When using SAMPLE-SM4-CTR, set scheme\_type = 'sm4r' in 'schm' of 'sinf'. + +When using SM4-CBC, set scheme\_type = 'sm4c' in 'schm' of 'sinf'; + +When using SAMPLE-SM4, set scheme\_type = 'sm4s' in 'schm' of 'sinf'. + +--0x000002~0xFFFFFFFF: Reserved. + +Besides, ProtectionSystemSpecificHeaderBox ('PSSH') is specified in Table 7-6. + +**Table 7-6 – PSSH** + +| Field | Length(bits) | Type | Description | +|-----------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------| +| Size | 32 | unsigned integer, most significant bit first (uimsbf) | Length of PSSH | +| Type | 32 | uimsbf | 0x70 73 73 68 | +| Version | 8 | uimsbf | 0x00 or 0x01 | +| Flags | 24 | uimsbf | 0x00 00 00 | +| SystemId | 128 | uimsbf | 0x3d5e6d359b9a41e8b843dd3c6e72c42c | +| KID_Count | 32 | uimsbf | Optional | +| KID | $KID\_Count \times 16 \times 8$ | uimsbf | Optional | +| DataSize | 32 | uimsbf | Data length | +| Data | $DataSize \times 8$ | uimsbf | Data | + +Size: length of PSSH. + +Type: 'pssh'. + +Version: it is 0 when KID\_Count and KID are not included in PSSH, it is 1 when KID\_Count and KID are included in PSSH. + +Flags: set to 0. + +SystemId: "0x3d5e6d359b9a41e8b843dd3c6e72c42c". + +KID\_Count: key identifier count. + +KID: key identifier. + +DataSize: data length, in bytes. + +Data: content protection description information, including version, content identifier, key identifier, encryption method, etc., encapsulated in javascript object notation (JSON) encoding format, specified in Table 7-7. + +**Table 7-7 – Content protection description information** + +| JSON Key | Value Type | Provisions | +|-----------|--------------|------------| +| version | string | Mandatory | +| contentID | string | Mandatory | +| kids | string array | Mandatory | +| enschema | string | Mandatory | +| playIndex | integer | Optional | +| exts | string | Optional | + +version: version number, current version is "V1.0". + +contentID: content identifier, base64 encoded. + +kids: key identifier string array, base64 encoded. + +enschema: encryption method, such as "sm4t", "sm4r", "sm4c", "sm4s", etc., as the scheme\_type defined in clause 7.2.2. + +playIndex: index of the current play position, unsigned integer. + +exts: extended fields. + +The format of the content protection description information is as follows: + +``` +{ + "version": "V1.0", + "contentID": "base64_string", + "kids": ["base64_string", "base64_string", ...], + "enschema": "string", + "playIndex": integer, + "exts": "string" +} +``` + +Example for content protection descriptions is as follows: + +``` +{"version":"V1.0","contentID":"c2Zhc1JBZXV5SEpGU0pB","kids":["u76mh6/tuJCJzYiJvcu8dw= +="],"enschema":"sm4c"} +``` + +Example of pssh box data is as follows: + +``` +0000008b70737368000000003d5e6d359b9a41e8b843dd3c6e72c42c00000006b7b2276657273696f6 +e223a2256312e30222c22636f6e74656e744944223a2263325a6863314a425a585635534570475530 +7042222c226b696473223a5b227537366d68362f74754a434a7a59694a7663753864773d3d225d2c2 +2656e736368656d61223a22736d3463227d +``` + +Base64 encoded data of the example is as follows: + +``` +AAAAi3Bzc2gAAAAPV5tNZuaQei4Q908bnLELAAGt7InZlcNpb24iOiJWMS4wliwiY29u +dGVudEIEJoiYzJaaGMxSkJaWFY1U0VwR1UwcEliLCJraWRzIjpbInU3Nm1oNi90dUpDSnpZa +Up2Y3U4ZHc9PSJdLCJlbnNjaGVtYSI6InNtNGMifQ== +``` + +### 7.2.3 MPEG DASH + +MPEG dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) is a dynamic adaptive streaming protocol following the [ISO/IEC 23009-4:2013]. When using [ISO/IEC 23009-4:2013] media presentation description (MPD) file, the ContentProtection is defined according to [ISO/IEC 23001-7:2016] as follows: + +- a) The *value* attribute of the *ContentProtection* is the scheme\_type string defined in clause 7.2.2, *schemeIdUri* is "urn:mpeg:dash:mp4protection:2011", *cenc:default\_KID* is the content encryption key identifier KID in universally unique identifier (UUID) format string format, and *cenc:default\_KID* is optional. + +Example 1: + +- b) *SchemeIdUri* attribute of ContentProtection is set to "3d5e6d35-9b9a-41e8-b843-dd3c6e72c42c", the *cenc:pssh* is the string of base64-encoded pssh box data as defined in clause 7.2.2. + +Example 2: AAAAi3Bzc2gAAAAPV5tNZuaQei4Q908bnLELAAGt7InZlcNpb24iOiJWMS4wliwiY29udGVudEIEJoiYzJaaGMxSkJaWFY1U0VwR1UwcEliLCJraWRzIjpbInU3Nm1oNi90dUpDSnpZaUp2Y3U4ZHc9PSJdLCJlbnNjaGVtYSI6InNtNGMifQ== + +### 7.2.4 HLS + +The encryption key information for the encrypted media segments in HLS m3u8 file is specified by #EXT-X-KEY in the following format: + +#EXT-X-KEY:. + +Attributes include METHOD, URI, KEYID, IV, KEYFORMAT as shown in Table 7-8. + +**Table 7-8 – Attributes Description** + +| Attributes | Note | Is Mandatory | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| METHOD | Media encryption methods: NONE, SM4-CTR, SAMPLE-SM4-CTR, SM4-CBC, SAMPLE-SM4 | If #EXT-X-KEY exists, this attribute must exist.
The mapping between the fields and the scheme_type defined in clause 7.2.2 is as follows:
NONE: Not encrypted;
SM4-CTR: sm4t;
SAMPLE-SM4-CTR: sm4r;
SM4-CBC: sm4c;
SAMPLE-SM4: sm4s. | +| URI | URI string for obtaining the license. The format is as follows:
"data:text/plain;base64, (the string of the base64-encoded pssh data specified in Table 7-6)" | Must exist in case METHOD is not NONE | +| KEYID | A hexadecimal integer that represents the key identifier. | Optional | +| IV | A hexadecimal integer that represents the initialiation vector for encryption. | Optional | +| KEYFORMAT | Set to "urn:uuid:3d5e6d35-9b9a-41e8-b843-dd3c6e72c42c" | Must exist in case METHOD is not NONE | + +Example: #EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=SM4-CBC, URI="data:text/plain;base64, AAAAi3Bzc2gAAAAPV5tNZuaQei4Q908bnLELAAAAGt7InZlcNpb24iOiJWMS4wliwiY29udGVudEIEIjoiYzJaaGMxSkJaWFY1U0VwR1UwcEliLCJraWRzIjpbInU3Nm1oNi90dUpDSnpZaUp2Y3U4ZHc9PSJdLCJibnNjaGVtYSI6InNtNGMifQ==",KEYID=0xbbbea687afedb89089cd8889bdcbbc77,IV=0x6c3369747530627476796a7679366d6c,KEYFORMAT="urn:uuid:3d5e6d35-9b9a-41e8-b843-dd3c6e72c42c" + +This Recommendation supports two HLS protocols encryption, which are HLS+TS and CMAF (CENC). In the HLS+TS mode, the content encryption information defined by the URI attribute of #EXT-X-KEY is used. + +# 8 License format + +## 8.1 License structure + +The license of digital rights management for video and audio content distribution (DRMVACD) consists of content, authorized objects, keys, key usage rules and license verification data, as shown in Figure 8-1. + +![Figure 8-1: License structure diagram. A vertical stack of five boxes labeled 'License' at the top, followed by 'Content', 'Authorized object', 'Keys', 'Key usage rules', and 'License verification data'. Below the diagram is the text 'J.1041(25)'.](7133ccf78043568ca62ecbcd43628a4a_img.jpg) + +Figure 8-1: License structure diagram. A vertical stack of five boxes labeled 'License' at the top, followed by 'Content', 'Authorized object', 'Keys', 'Key usage rules', and 'License verification data'. Below the diagram is the text 'J.1041(25)'. + +**Figure 8-1 – License structure** + +The elements of the license are described as follows: + +- a) Content is digital information such as graphics, text, audio, video, and so on. +- b) The authorized object is the relevant rights bearer of the specified content. The authorized object is described by its unique identifier. +- c) A key is the key information contained in the license, including the key type, algorithm, key data, and so on. +- d) A key usage rule includes key index information and relevant rule information such as start time, end time, time period, number of uses, etc. The key should be reasonably used according to the key usage rules. +- e) The license verification data is used to verify all the unit data in front of it to ensure the integrity of the data. + +## **8.2 License encoding** + +### **8.2.1 Encoding method** + +License encoding consists of a license index unit and a series of basic units. The license index unit describes the version of the license, the license identifier (ID), and the number of basic units. The basic units include content unit, authorized object unit, key unit, key usage rule unit and license verification data unit, and so on. When a license is issued, it consists of one license index unit and one or more subsequent basic units, and the license index unit should be the first unit of the license. The license encoding structure is shown in Figure 8-2. + +![Figure 8-2: License encoding structure diagram. A horizontal sequence of boxes: 'License index unit', 'Basic unit 1', 'Basic unit 2', '...', 'Basic unit n', and 'License verification data unit'. Below the diagram is the text 'J.1041(25)'.](8d325fc12b494e42c9ea7ed2a7f327a6_img.jpg) + +Figure 8-2: License encoding structure diagram. A horizontal sequence of boxes: 'License index unit', 'Basic unit 1', 'Basic unit 2', '...', 'Basic unit n', and 'License verification data unit'. Below the diagram is the text 'J.1041(25)'. + +**Figure 8-2 – License encoding structure** + +All the license index unit and the basic units in the license consist of three parts which are unit identifier, length and data. The unit encoding method is shown in Figure 8-3. + +![Figure 8-3: Unit encoding method diagram. A box divided into three main sections: 'Identifier' (containing 'Type 8 bits' and 'Index 8 bits'), 'Length' (containing 'Length 16 bits'), and 'Data' (containing 'Data N * 8 bits'). Below the diagram is the text 'J.1041(25)'.](dd380ccd5aca1151074fede04826f1a4_img.jpg) + +Figure 8-3: Unit encoding method diagram. A box divided into three main sections: 'Identifier' (containing 'Type 8 bits' and 'Index 8 bits'), 'Length' (containing 'Length 16 bits'), and 'Data' (containing 'Data N \* 8 bits'). Below the diagram is the text 'J.1041(25)'. + +**Figure 8-3 – Unit encoding method** + +The identifier consists of 2 bytes, including the type and index. The first byte is the type, and the second byte is the index of the unit in the license which is used to support segmented transmission of the license. The index of the unit starts from 0. Since the license index unit is the first unit of the license, its index is always 0, and the index of the basic units after the license index unit are incremented from there. + +Length is the length of the actual data information for the unit, which is represented by two bytes. + +Data is the actual data of the unit. + +Unit type is defined in Table 8-1. + +**Table 8-1 – Unit type** + +| Type | Encoding | +|---------------------------|-----------| +| License index | 0x00 | +| Content | 0x01 | +| Authorized object | 0x02 | +| Key | 0x03 | +| Key usage rule | 0x04 | +| License verification data | 0xFF | +| Reserved | 0x05~0xFE | + +A license consists of multiple independent units. The number and type of the units are identified by the license index unit. The authorized object unit contains information about the authorized party. The content unit includes a unique identifier of the key unit, and the content unit may correspond to multiple key units. The key usage rule unit corresponds to the key unit through the key identifier in it. The key unit corresponds to the key unit that encrypts the key through the upper key identifier. + +The DRM server generates a random session key which is a symmetric key used to encrypt the CEK and encrypts this session key with DRM client's public key. DRM server also generates a random hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) key, which is used to calculate HMAC to protect the integrity of the license, and use DRM client's public key to encrypt this HMAC key. The key units include CEK unit, session key unit, HMAC key unit, etc. License verification data unit is the last unit of a license, and one license has only one license verification data unit. The license verification data unit uses HMAC to protect the integrity and validity of the license. The license format is shown in Figure 8-4. + +![Diagram of License Format showing a vertical stack of units: License index unit, Content unit, Authorized object unit, CEK unit, Key usage rule unit, Session key unit, HMAC key unit, and License verification data unit. A bracket on the left labeled 'Data used to calculate license verification data' groups the last five units. Arrows point from the CEK unit, Key usage rule unit, and License verification data unit to the right.](aaf3e6e44cdeabd6d1df869c5f392ea1_img.jpg) + +J.1041(25) + +Diagram of License Format showing a vertical stack of units: License index unit, Content unit, Authorized object unit, CEK unit, Key usage rule unit, Session key unit, HMAC key unit, and License verification data unit. A bracket on the left labeled 'Data used to calculate license verification data' groups the last five units. Arrows point from the CEK unit, Key usage rule unit, and License verification data unit to the right. + +**Figure 8-4 – License Format** + +### 8.2.2 License index unit + +The license index unit is the first unit of the license, and includes version number, license identifier, the number of basic units and a timestamp. The data structure of license index unit is shown in Table 8-2. + +**Table 8-2 – Data structure of license index unit** + +| Field | Bits | Type | Description | +|-------------|------|--------|--------------------------------------| +| Type | 8 | uimsbf | 0x00 | +| Index | 8 | uimsbf | 0x00 | +| Length | 16 | uimsbf | Data length | +| Version | 8 | uimsbf | License version | +| LicenseID | 64 | uimsbf | License ID | +| UnitsNumber | 8 | uimsbf | Number of basic units in the license | +| TimeStamp | 32 | uimsbf | Timestamp | + +Type: the unit type, the license index unit type is 0x00. + +Index: the unit index, which is represented by one byte. The index of license index unit is 0. + +Length: the unit length, which is the length of the data after Length. + +Version: license version number, currently 0x02. + +LicenseID: unique identifier of the license. + +UnitsNumber: the number of basic units included after this license index unit. + +TimeStamp: the current UTC time when the license is generated, represented as the number of seconds since 00:00:00 on January 1, 1970. + +### 8.2.3 Content unit + +The content unit type is 0x01, and the data structure is shown in Table 8-3. + +**Table 8-3 – Data structure of content unit** + +| Field | Bits | Type | Description | +|-------------------------------|----------------------|--------|-------------------------------------------| +| Type | 8 | uimsbf | 0x01 | +| Index | 8 | uimsbf | 0x01~0xFF | +| Length | 16 | uimsbf | Data length | +| ContentIDLen | 8 | uimsbf | length of Content ID | +| ContentID | ContentIDLen × 8 | uimsbf | Content unique identifier | +| CEKCount | 8 | uimsbf | The number of CEKs contained in this unit | +| for (i=0; i< CEKCount; i++) { | | | | +| KeyIdentifierLen | 8 | uimsbf | length of CEK identifier | +| KeyIdentifier[] | KeyIdentifierLen × 8 | uimsbf | CEK identifier | +| } | | | | + +Type: the unit type, the content unit type is 0x01. + +Index: the unit index, which is represented by one byte. + +Length: the unit length, which is the length of the data after Length. + +ContentIDLen: the content unique identifier's length. + +ContentID: content unique identifier. + +CEKCount: the number of CEKs for this content. + +KeyIdentifierLen, KeyIdentifier: key identifier used to uniquely identify the key. The key is uniquely defined as a UUID, and the length of key identifier is represented by 1 byte. The number of KeyIdentifierLen and KeyIdentifier is CEKCount. + +### 8.2.4 Authorized object unit + +The authorized object is the relevant rights bearer of the specified content. The authorized object unit includes the authorized object type and the authorized object ID. The data structure of authorized object unit is shown in Table 8-4. + +**Table 8-4 – Data structure of Authorized object unit** + +| Field | Bits | Type | Description | +|------------|-------|--------|--------------------------------------------| +| Type | 8 | uimsbf | 0x02 | +| Index | 8 | uimsbf | 0x01~0xFF | +| Length | 16 | uimsbf | Data length | +| ObjectType | 8 | uimsbf | Authorized object type | +| ObjectID | 8 × N | uimsbf | Unique identifier of the authorized object | + +Type: the unit type, the authorized object unit type is 0x02. + +Index: the unit index, which is represented by one byte. + +Length: the unit length, which is the length of the data after Length. + +ObjectType: authorized object type, set to 0. + +ObjectID: the unique identifier of this authorized object which is represented by the unique identifier of the DRM device key. N represents the number of bytes of the ObjectID. + +### 8.2.5 Key unit + +The key unit includes key algorithm, key data, key type, key identifier as well as key type and key identifier for encrypting this key. The data structure of key unit is shown in Table 8-5. + +**Table 8-5 – Data structure of key unit** + +| Field | Bits | Type | Description | +|-----------------------|---------------------------|--------|------------------------------------| +| Type | 8 | uimsbf | 0x03 | +| Index | 8 | uimsbf | 0x01~0xff | +| Length | 16 | uimsbf | Data length | +| KeyAlgorithm | 8 | uimsbf | Key algorithm | +| KeyDataLen | 16 | uimsbf | Length of key data | +| KeyData[] | KeyDataLen × 8 | uimsbf | Key data | +| KeyType | 8 | uimsbf | Key type | +| KeyIdentifierLen | 8 | uimsbf | length of key identification | +| KeyIdentifier[] | KeyIdentifierLen × 8 | uimsbf | Key identification | +| UpperKeyType | 8 | uimsbf | Upper Key Type | +| UpperKeyIdentifierLen | 8 | uimsbf | length of Upper key identification | +| UpperKeyIdentifier[] | UpperKeyIdentifierLen × 8 | uimsbf | Upper key identification | + +KeyAlgorithm: key algorithm, one byte used to identify the encryption algorithm that is used to encrypt this key. The key algorithm is specified in Annex C. + +KeyDataLen, KeyData[]: the encrypted key data. + +KeyType: one byte is used to identify the function of this key. The key type is specified in Table 8-6. + +KeyIdentifierLen, KeyIdentifier: key identifier used to uniquely identify this key. KeyIdentifierLen represents the length of the key identifier in one byte. KeyIdentifier represents the key identifier. + +UpperKeyType: the key type of the key that is used to encrypt this key. The key type is specified in Table 8-6. + +UpperKeyIdentifierLen, UpperKeyIdentifier: unique identifier of the key that is used to encrypt this key. + +**Table 8-6 – Key type** + +| Type | Encoding | Description | +|--------------|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Content keys | 0x01 | CEK | +| Device key | 0x03 | Client key, the public key of the DRM client. In the device key unit, KeyData could be set to empty and KeyDataLen could be set to 0. | +| Session key | 0x20 | A temporary key that is used in a license to protect CEK. | +| HMAC key | 0x21 | A temporary key that is used in a license to calculate HMAC. | +| Reserved | Other | Reserved | + +### 8.2.6 Key usage rule unit + +Key usage rules specify that an authorized object should use the key according to the key usage rules. A key usage rule unit includes a key identifier and the usage rule. The data structure of the key usage rule unit is shown in Table 8-7. + +**Table 8-7 – Data structure of key usage rule unit** + +| Field | Bits | Type | Description | +|--------------------------------|----------------------|--------|-------------------------------| +| Type | 8 | uimsbf | 0x04 | +| Index | 8 | uimsbf | 0x01~0xFF | +| Length | 16 | uimsbf | Data length | +| KeyType | 8 | uimsbf | Key type | +| KeyIdentifierLen | 8 | uimsbf | Length of key identifier | +| KeyIdentifier[] | KeyIdentifierLen × 8 | uimsbf | Key identifier | +| KeyRulesNum | 8 | | Number of the key usage rules | +| for
(i=0;iRequired when
Status =
"deviceTimeError" | + +Type: message type, set to "licenseResponse". + +Version: The protocol version number agreed between the DRM server and the DRM client. The current version is "2.0" and should be downward compatible after upgrading to a higher version. + +Status: indicates whether the license request was successfully completed and shall comply with the provisions of Table 9-4. + +SelectedAlgorithm: the cryptographic algorithm selected by the DRM server, set to "KMSPProfile1". + +ResponseTime: the current DRM time of the DRM server, which is the number of seconds since 0:00:00 on January 1, 1970 UTC. The format is a decimal string. + +DeviceID: DRM client unique identifier, which shall be consistent with the DRM client unique identifier in the license request message. If the DRM client identifier in the license response message received by the DRM client is inconsistent with the current DRM client's identifier, the DRM client should ignore this message, base64 encoded. + +DRMServerID: DRM server unique identifier, using the public key hash value of its certificate as its unique identifier, base64 encoded. + +DeviceNonce: the random number sent by the DRM client, which should be the random number in the license request message, base64 encoded. + +ProtectedLicenses: one or more licenses requested by the DRM client returned by the DRM server. The license array "protectedLicenses" contains one or more licenses. + +``` + +"protectedLicenses" : [ + { + " licenseID" : "base64_string", + "license" : "base64_string" + }, + { + " licenseID" : "base64_string", + "license" : "base64_string" + }, + ... +] + +``` + +At least one license should be included in "protectedLicenses". The "licenseID" uses a base64-encoded string to represent the unique identity of the license, and the "license" uses a base64-encoded string to represent the corresponding license. Base64 encoding method follows [IETF RFC 2045]. + +CertificateChain: DRM server certificate chain. The certificate chain is an array of base64-encoded strings, each of which is a DER-encoded certificate. The certificate chain does not contain a root certificate. The DRM server certificate should be the first in the certificate chain, and each subsequent certificate shall be a direct attestation of the previous certificate, base64 encoded. + +OCSPResponse: DRM server OCSP response, base64 encoded. + +Signature: signature of the license response message, base64 encoded. + +The format of the license acquisition response message is as follows: + +``` + +{ + "type": "licenseResponse", + "status": "string", + "version": "2.0", + "selectedAlgorithm": "string", + "responseTime": "string", + "deviceID": "base64_string", + "drmServerID": "base64_string", + "nonce ": "base64_string", + "protectedLicenses ": [{ + "licenseID ": "base64_string", + "license ": "base64_string" + }, + { + "licenseID ": "base64_string", + "license ": "base64_string" + }, + ...], + "certificateChain ": ["base64_string", "base64_string", ...], + "ocspResponse ": "base64_string", + "signature ": "base64_string" +} + +``` + +## 9.3 Status information + +Error status information includes: DRM server rejects the request of DRM client; DRM server does not support the request of the current type (for example, the type of the license request message is incorrect.); DRM server cannot parse the request from DRM client (for example, the format of the license request message is incorrect.); DRM client is not authorized to access the DRM server (for example, the DRM client certificate has expired); the DRM server cannot verify the certificate chain of the DRM client; the DRM server cannot verify the signature in the request of DRM client; the time of the DRM client is inconsistent with that of the DRM server; and the license object requested by the DRM client cannot be found. When the DRM client time is inconsistent with that of the DRM server, the DRM client time must be calibrated based on the value of ResponseTime in the message, and then the license must be applied for again. Status information is specified in Table 9-4. + +**Table 9-4 – Status information** + +| JSON key | Value | Description | +|----------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | Success | Success. | +| | Abort | DRM server rejects the request of DRM client. | +| | typeNotSupported | DRM server does not support request of the current type. | +| | accessDenied | DRM client is not authorized to access DRM server. | +| | contentIDNotFound | DRM server cannot find the license object requested by DRM client. | +| | malformedRequest | DRM server cannot parse the request from DRM client. | +| | versionNotSupported | The DRM server does not support the protocol version used by the current DRM client. | +| | invalidCertificateChain | DRM server cannot verify the certificate chain of DRM client. | +| | signatureError | DRM server cannot verify the signature in the request of DRM client. | +| | deviceTimeError | The time of DRM client is inconsistent with that of DRM server. | +| | drmClientSecurityLevelError | DRM client security level is lower than the required security level. | + +## 9.4 Message signature mechanism + +The DRM client generates a LicenseRequest JSON String by setting the value of the signature attribute to an empty string, calculates the signature of this string, and fills the signature result into the LicenseRequest JSON String by setting the value of the signature attribute to base64 encoded signature result. + +The DRM server generates a LicenseResponse JSON String by setting the value of the signature attribute to an empty string, calculates the signature of this string, and fills the signature result into the LicenseResponse JSON String by setting the value of signature attribute to base64 encoded signature result. + +# 10 DRM server side + +DRM server includes content encryption, key management, key gateway, content authorization and other core modules. The content encryption module is responsible for the encryption of linear program or VoD content. The key management module is responsible for receiving content encryption key information for content encryption and performing secure storage and distribution. The key gateway module is responsible for receiving the content encryption key synchronized by each key management and receiving the key query of content authorization. Content authorization module queries the content encryption key from the key gateway, encapsulates the key into a license and sends the license to the DRM client. The DRM server-side framework is shown in Figure 10-1. + +![Figure 10-1 – DRM server side framework diagram](02bb4edc0dbdf4f0749ffd3e0ea2805c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the DRM server side framework. On the left, under the heading 'DRM server', there are four modules: 'Content encryption', 'Key management', 'Key gateway', and 'Content authorization'. 'Content encryption' is at the top, with an arrow pointing up to it from 'Key management'. 'Key management' has an arrow pointing right to 'Key gateway', which in turn has an arrow pointing right to 'Content authorization'. A dashed vertical line separates the 'DRM server' from the 'DRM client' on the right. Both 'Content encryption' and 'Content authorization' have arrows pointing across this dashed line to a box labeled 'DRM client'. The text 'J.1041(25)' is located below the 'DRM client' box. + +Figure 10-1 – DRM server side framework diagram + +**Figure 10-1 – DRM server side framework** + +This clause specifies the key synchronization protocol between the key management module and the key gateway module, and the key query protocol between the key gateway module and the content authorization module. The HTTP/HTTPS protocol and POST (JSON) interface are used for key synchronization and key query, and all certificate chains are in distinguished encoding rules (DER) coding format. + +## 10.1 Key synchronization protocol + +Key synchronization refers to the key management module to synchronize the encryption key of linear program or VoD content to the key gateway module. + +Key synchronization includes a key synchronization request message and a key synchronization response message. + +### 10.1.1 Key synchronization request + +The key synchronization request message is initiated by the key management module, and the key gateway module verifies and responds. The key synchronization request message includes the version number, unique identifier of the key management, nonce, content ID, content encryption key, certificate chain of the key management, digital signature, etc. The key synchronization request message is specified in Table 10-1. + +The content encryption key is encrypted by the public key of the key gateway module. After being received by the key gateway module, the content encryption key shall be securely stored. + +The digital signature in the request is generated using the private key of the key management module. + +**Table 10-1 – Key synchronization request message** + +| JSON key | Value type | Description | +|----------|------------|-------------| +| type | string | Mandatory | +| version | string | Mandatory | +| kmsID | string | Mandatory | +| nonce | string | Mandatory | + +**Table 10-1 – Key synchronization request message** + +| JSON key | Value type | Description | +|-------------------|--------------|-------------| +| selectedAlgorithm | string | Mandatory | +| contentInfos | object array | Mandatory | +| contentID | string | Mandatory | +| ceks | object array | Mandatory | +| cekID | string | Mandatory | +| encCEK | string | Mandatory | +| extension | string | Optional | +| startTime | string | Optional | +| endTime | string | Optional | +| contentRules | string | Optional | +| certificateChain | string array | Mandatory | +| signature | string | Mandatory | + +type: message type, set to "keySyncRequest". + +version: the current message protocol version number. The current version is "1.0". + +kmsID: identifier of the key management module, base64 encoded. + +nonce: generated by the sender of the message. It should be generated by the random number generator and encoded by base64. + +selectedAlgorithm: set to "KMSPProfile1". + +contentInfos: an array of content IDs and content encryption key objects. + +contentID: content identifier, base64 encoded. + +ceks: content encryption key object array, including the content encryption key identifier and the content encryption key. + +cekID: content encryption key identifier, base64 encoded. + +encCEK: content encryption key encrypted by the public key in the certificate of key gateway module, base64 encoded. + +extension: extension information, base64 encoded. + +startTime: start time of key usage rules, which is the number of seconds since 0:00:00 on January 1, 1970 UTC. The format is decimal string. + +endTime: end time of key usage rules, which is the number of seconds since 0:00:00 on January 1, 1970 UTC. The format is decimal string. + +contentRules: key usage rules of the content, base64 encoded. + +certificateChain: certificate chain of the key management, the certificate chain does not include the root certificate, base64 encoded. + +signature: the signature of the message, base64 encoded. + +The format of the key synchronization request message is as follows: + +``` +{ + "type": "keySyncRequest", + "version": "1.0", + "kmsID": "base64_string", + "nonce": "base64_string", + "selectedAlgorithm": "string", + "contentInfos": [{ + "contentID": "base64_string", + "ceks": [{ + "cekID": "base64_string", + "encCEK": "base64_string", + "extension": "base64_string", + "startTime": "string", + "endTime": "string" + }, + ...], + "contentRules": "base64_string" + }, + ...], + "certificateChain": ["base64_string", "base64_string", ...], + "signature": "base64_string" +} +``` + +### 10.1.2 Key synchronization response + +Key synchronization response message includes the version number, unique identifier of the key gateway, nonce, status, certificate chain of the key gateway, digital signature, etc. The key synchronization response message is specified in Table 10-2. + +The status of key synchronization processing includes successful synchronization, illegal certificate of the key management system, incorrect digital signature, unknown state, etc. + +A digital signature is generated by the private key of the key gateway module. + +**Table 10-2 – Key synchronization response message** + +| JSON key | Value type | Description | +|-------------------|--------------|-------------| +| type | string | Mandatory | +| version | string | Mandatory | +| keyGateWayID | string | Mandatory | +| nonce | string | Mandatory | +| status | string | Mandatory | +| selectedAlgorithm | string | Mandatory | +| certificateChain | string array | Mandatory | +| signature | string | Mandatory | + +type: message type, fixed to "keySyncResponse". + +version: the current message protocol version number. Set to "1.0". + +keyGateWayID: unique identifier of the key gateway, base64 encoded. + +nonce: the nonce shall be consistent with the one in key synchronization request message, base64 encoded. + +status: status information of this response, as specified in Table 10-3. + +**Table 10-3 – Status of key synchronization response** + +| Status | Description | +|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| success | Success. | +| doNotSupportSelectedAlgorithm | Do not support the algorithms in the request. | +| certificationInvalid | Certificate of key management is not valid. | +| signatureInvalid | Signature in key synchronization request message is incorrect. | +| unknownError | Unknown error. | + +selectedAlgorithm: set to "KMSPProfile1". + +certificateChain: certificate chain of key gateway which does not include the root CA certificate, base64 encoded. + +signature: the signature of the message, base64 encoded. + +The format of key synchronization response message is as follows: + +``` +{ + "type": "keysyncResponse", + "version": "1.0", + "keyGateWayID": "base64_string", + "nonce": "base64_string", + "status": "string", + "selectedAlgorithm": "string", + "certificatechain": ["base64_string", "base64_string", ...], + "signature": "base64_string" +} +``` + +## 10.2 Key query protocol + +Key query refers to the content authorization module querying the content encryption key required by the client from the key gateway module. + +Key query includes a key query request message and key query response message. + +### 10.2.1 Key query request + +The key query request message is sent to the key gateway module by the content authorization module. The key query request message includes the version number, unique identifier of the DRM server, nonce, content ID, certificate chain of the DRM client, certificate chain of content authorization, and digital signature. The key query request message is specified in Table 10-4. + +**Table 10-4 – Key query request message** + +| JSON key | Value type | Description | +|-------------|------------|-------------| +| type | string | Mandatory | +| version | string | Mandatory | +| drmServerID | string | Mandatory | + +**Table 10-4 – Key query request message** + +| JSON key | Value type | Description | +|----------------------|--------------|-------------| +| nonce | string | Mandatory | +| selectedAlgorithm | string | Mandatory | +| contentIDs | object array | Mandatory | +| drmClientCertificate | string | Mandatory | +| certificateChain | string array | Mandatory | +| signature | string | Mandatory | + +type: message type, set to "keyRequest". + +version: the current message protocol version number. The current version is "1.0". + +drmServerID: unique identifier of content authorization module, base64 encoded. (Hash value of certificate public key) + +nonce: generated by the sender of the message. It should be generated by the random number generator and encoded by base64. + +selectedAlgorithm: set to "KMSPProfile1". + +contentIDs: an array of content ID objects, including content ID and optional start time and end time. + +drmClientCertificate: DRM client certificate, base64 encoded. + +certificateChain: certificate chain of content authorization module, the certificate chain does not include the root certificate, base64 encoded. + +signature: the signature of the message, base64 encoded. + +The format of key query request message is as follows: + +``` +{ + "type": "keyRequest", + "version": "1.0", + "drmServerID": "base64_string", + "nonce": "base64_string", + "selectedAlgorithm": "string", + "contentIDs": [{ + "contentID": "base64_string", + "startTime": "string", + "endTime": "string" + }, + ...], + "drmClientCertificate": "base64_string", + "certificateChain": ["base64_string", "base64_string", ...], + "signature": "base64_string" +} +``` + +### 10.2.2 Key query response + +The key query response message is sent to the content authorization module by the key gateway. The key query response message includes the version number, unique identifier of the key gateway, nonce, content ID, status, session key, content encryption key, certificate chain of the key gateway, and digital signature, etc. The key query response message is specified in Table 10-5. + +**Table 10-5 – Key query response message** + +| JSON key | Value type | Description | +|-------------------|--------------|-------------------------------| +| type | string | Mandatory | +| version | string | Mandatory | +| keyGateWayID | string | Mandatory | +| nonce | string | Mandatory | +| status | string | Mandatory | +| selectedAlgorithm | string | status= "success" is required | +| cekInfos | object array | status= "success" is required | +| contentID | string | status= "success" is required | +| sessionKeyID | string | status= "success" is required | +| encSessionKey | string | status= "success" is required | +| encCEKs | object array | status= "success" is required | +| cekID | string | status= "success" is required | +| encCEK | string | status= "success" is required | +| contentRules | string | Optional | +| certificateChain | string array | Mandatory | +| signature | string | status= "success" is required | + +type: message type, set to "keyResponse". + +version: the current message protocol version number. The current version is "1.0". + +keyGateWayID: the unique identifier of the key gateway, base64 encoded. + +nonce: the nonce should be consistent with the nonce of the key query request message, base64 encoded. + +status: status information of this response, as specified in Table 10-6. + +selectedAlgorithm: set to "KMSPProfile1". + +**Table 10-6 – Key query response status information** + +| Status | Description | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| success | Success. | +| doNotSupportSelectedAlgorithm | Do not support the algorithms in the request. | +| contentIDInvalid | The content ID cannot be found. | +| deviceCertInvalid | DRM client certificate is not valid. | +| drmServerCertInvalid | The certificate of content authorization is not valid. | +| drmServerIDInvalid | Content authorization is not on the white list. | +| signatureInvalid | Signature in key query request message is incorrect. | +| unknownError | Unknown error. | + +cekInfos: content encryption key object array. + +contentID: content ID, base64 encoded. + +sessionKeyID: session key identifier, base64 encoded. + +encSessionKey: The session key is a random key encrypted by the DRM client public key, that is, the session key in the content authorization license, base64 encoded. + +encCEKs: content encryption key array, base64 encoded. + +cekID: content encryption key identifier, base64 encoded. + +encCEK: the content encryption key encrypted by the session key, base64 encoded. + +contentRules: key usage rules of the content. + +certificateChain: certificate chain of key gateway module. The certificate chain does not include the root certificate, base64 encoded. + +signature: the signature of the message, base64 encoded. + +The format of key query response message is as follows: + +``` +{ + "type": "keyResponse", + "version": "1.0", + "keyGateWayID": "base64_string", + "nonce": "base64_string", + "status": "string", + "selectedAlgorithm": "string", + "cekInfos": [{ + "contentID": "base64_string", + "sessionKeyID": "base64_string", + "encSessionKey": "base64_string", + "encCEKs": [{ + "cekID": "base64_string", + "encCEK": "base64_string" + }, + ...], + "contentRules": "base64_string" + }, + ...], + "certificateChain": ["base64_string", "base64_string", ...], + "signature": "base64_string" +} +``` + +# Annex A + +## Formats of digital certificate, online certificate status protocol and certificate revocation list + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +This annex specifies digital certificate format, the online certificate status protocol message format, and the certificate revocation list format. + +These digital certificate formats shall conform to [IETF RFC 5280]. + +### A.1 Digital certificate format + +#### A.1.1 Root CA certificate + +Root CA certificate is a self-signed CA certificate, and both the DRM server and the DRM client use this certificate as the root of trust to verify other certificates and revocation lists. The format of the root CA certificate is shown in Table A.1. + +**Table A.1 – Format of root CA certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as the subject field. | +| Validity | Validity, valid for 50 years since the date of signature. | +| Subject | Subject, including attributes as follows:
– Country/region name (countryName) (e.g., "CN");
– Organization name (organizationName) (e.g., "CDTA");
– Common name (commonName) (e.g., "root CA"). | +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
– algorithm identifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
– SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
– SM2 public key. | +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extensions, a necessary and critical field. CA field is set as TRUE, and pathLenConstraint field is not used. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only key usage bit keyCertSign and cRLSign are set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension; not used. | + +**Table A.1 – Format of root CA certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension, a necessary but not critical field. The method for generating the key identifier is in compliance with [IETF RFC 5280]. The keyIdentifier is composed of SM3 hash value of the BIT STRING subjectPublicKey (excluding tag, length and unused bits). | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension keys usage extension; not used. | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### A.1.2 DRM server CA certificate + +DRM server CA certificate is issued by the root CA and is stored in the DRM server. DRM server may send the certificate to DRM clients as part of the DRM server certificate chain. The format of the DRM server CA certificate is shown in Table A.2. + +**Table A.2 – Format of DRM server CA certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as root the CA subject field. | +| Validity | Validity, expiration date same as root the CA, and the start date is the time of certificate is signed. | +| Subject | Subject, including attributes as follows:
  • – Country/region name (countryName) (e.g., "CN");
  • – Organization name (organizationName) (e.g., "CDTA");
  • – Common name (commonName) (e.g., "License Issuer CA 1").
| +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
  • – algorithm identifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
  • – SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
  • – SM2 public key.
| +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extensions, a necessary and critical field. CA field is set as TRUE, and pathLenConstraint field is set as zero. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and key field. Only key usage bit keyCertSign and cRLSign are set. | + +**Table A.2 – Format of DRM server CA certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It only contains keyIdentifier field and has a value identical to the subjectKeyIdentifier extension of corresponding root CA certificate. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension, a necessary but not critical field. The method for generating key identifier is in compliance with [IETF RFC 5280]. The keyIdentifier is composed of SM3 hash value of the BIT STRING subjectPublicKey (excluding tag, length and unused bits). | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension key usage extension; not used. | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### A.1.3 DRM server certificate + +DRM server certificate is issued by the DRM Server CA. It is the first certificate in the DRM server certificate chain. The format of DRM server certificate is shown in Table A.3. + +**Table A.3 – Format of DRM server certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as DRM server CA subject field. | +| Validity | Validity, the validity period is within 5 years from the issuance date but should not exceed the certificate validity date of the corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| Subject | Subject, mandatory attribute:
– Organization Name (organizationName) (such as "Sample Name");
optional attribute:
– Provided by DRM server. | +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
– algorithmIdentifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
– SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
– SM2 public key. | +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extension; not used. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | + +**Table A.3 – Format of DRM server certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only bit digitalSignature key is set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It includes only the keyIdentifier field and has a value identical to the subjectKeyIdentifier extension of the corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension; not used. | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. It includes cdrm-kp-licenseIssuer object id (1.2.156.112560.7). | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### **A.1.4 OCSP responder certificate** + +OCSP responder certificate is issued by the DRM server CA, and is stored in the OCSP responder. The certificate is sent to DRM clients with the OCSP response by the same DRM server when the DRM client makes an OCSP request. The format of the OCSP responder certificate is shown in Table A.4. + +**Table A.4 – Format of OCSP responder certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Same as the DRM Server CA subject field. | +| Validity | Validity, the validity period is within 3 months but should not exceed the certificate validity date of the corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| Subject | Subject, including attributes as follows:
  • – Country/region name (countryName) (e.g., "CN");
  • – Organization name (organizationName) (e.g., "CDTA");
  • – Common name (commonName) (e.g., "OCSP Responder 1").
| +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
  • – algorithm Identifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
  • – SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
  • – SM2 public key.
| +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extension, not used. | + +**Table A.4 – Format of OCSP responder certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only bit digitalSignature key is set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It only contains the keyIdentifier field and has a value identical to subjectKeyIdentifier extension of corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension, a necessary but not critical field. The method for generating key identifier is in compliance with [IETF RFC 5280]. The keyIdentifier is composed of SM3 hash value of the BIT STRING subjectPublicKey (excluding tag, length and unused bits). | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension, not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extended key use extensions, a necessary and critical field. It includes id-kp-OCSPSigning object id. | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension, a necessary and non-critical field. The extension is NULL. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### A.1.5 Key management module certificate + +Key management certificate is issued by the DRM server CA, which identifies the key management system. The format of the key management certificate is shown in Table A.5. + +**Table A.5 – Format of key management certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as the DRM server CA subject field. | +| Validity | Validity, the validity period is within 5 years from the issuance date but should not exceed the certificate validity date of the corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| Subject | Subject, mandatory attribute:
– Organization Name (organizationName) (such as "Sample Name");
optional attribute:
– Provided by DRM server. | +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
– algorithmIdentifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
– SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
– SM2 public key. | + +**Table A.5 – Format of key management certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extension; not used. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only bit digitalSignature key is set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It only contains keyIdentifier field and has a value identical to subjectKeyIdentifier extension of corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension; not used. | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. It includes cdrm-kp-licenseIssuer object id (1.2.156.112560.23). | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### A.1.6 Key gateway module certificate + +Key gateway certificate is issued by the DRM server CA, which identifies the key gateway system. The format of the key gateway certificate is shown in Table A.6. + +**Table A.6 – Format key gateway certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conform to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as DRM server CA subject field. | +| Validity | Validity, the validity period is within 5 years from the issuance date but should not exceed the certificate validity date of the corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| Subject | Subject, mandatory attribute:
– Organization Name (organizationName) (such as "Sample Name");
optional attribute:
– Provided by DRM server. | + +**Table A.6 – Format key gateway certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
– algorithmIdentifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
– SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
– SM2 public key. | +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extension; not used. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only bit digitalSignature key is set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It only contains the keyIdentifier field and has the value identical to subjectKeyIdentifier extension of the corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension; not used. | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. It includes cdrm-kp-licenseIssuer object id (1.2.156.112560.24). | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck Extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### A.1.7 Content encryption module certificate + +Content encryption certificate is issued by the DRM server CA, which identifies the content encryption system. The format of the content encryption certificate is shown in Table A.7. + +**Table A.7 – Format of content encryption certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as the DRM server CA subject field. | +| Validity | Validity, the validity period is within 5 years from the issuance date, but should not exceed the certificate validity date of the corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | + +**Table A.7 – Format of content encryption certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Subject | Subject, mandatory attribute:
– Organization Name (organizationName) (such as "Sample Name");
optional attribute:
– Provided by DRM server. | +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
– algorithmIdentifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
– SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
– SM2 public key. | +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extension; not used. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only bit digitalSignature key is set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It only contains the keyIdentifier field and has a value identical to subjectKeyIdentifier extension of corresponding DRM server CA certificate. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension; not used. | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. It includes cdrm-kp-licenseIssuer object id (1.2.156.112560.22). | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### A.1.8 DRM device CA certificate + +DRM device CA certificate is issued by the root CA and is stored in DRM clients. DRM clients send their certificates to the DRM server as part of the DRM client certificate chain when the DRM server interacts with DRM clients. The format of the DRM device CA certificate is shown in Table A.8. + +**Table A.8 – Format of DRM device CA certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, a 4-byte random number. | +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as the root CA subject field. | + +**Table A.8 – Format of DRM device CA certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Validity | Validity, expiration date same as root CA with start date at the time when certificate is generated. | +| Subject | Subject, including attributes as follows:
– Country/region name (countryName) (e.g., "CN");
– Organization name (organizationName) (e.g., "CDTA");
– Common name (commonName) (e.g., "Device CA 1"). | +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo | Subject public key information, including:
– algorithmIdentifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1
– SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301
– SM2 public key | +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extensions, a necessary and critical field. CA field is set as TRUE, and pathLenConstraint field is set as zero. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension | CRL distribution points extension, not used. | +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only key use bit keyCertSign and cRLSign are set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It only contains the keyIdentifier field and has a value identical to subjectKeyIdentifier extension of corresponding root CA certificates. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension, a necessary but not critical field. The method for generating the key identifier is in compliance with [IETF RFC 5280]. The keyIdentifier is composed of the SM3 hash value of the BIT STRING subjectPublicKey (excluding tag, length and unused bits). | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension keys usage extension; not used. | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +#### **A.1.9 DRM client certificate** + +DRM client certificate is issued by the DRM device CA. DRM clients send DRM client certificates to the DRM server as the first certificate in the DRM client certificate chain upon receiving a request. The format of the DRM client certificate is shown in Table A.9. + +**Table A.9 – Format of DRM client certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v3 with integer value 2. | +| SerialNumber | Serial number, the unique non-negative integer in device certificate issued by certification authority. The structure of the serial number field encoded by DER is simulated below: | + +**Table A.9 – Format of DRM client certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| |

Byte 1~2: CA ID. The first byte must not be 00h or the highest valid bit is not zero;

Byte 3~6: certificate batch number, the unique one in DRM Device CA;

Byte 7~20: Lowest 14 bytes of the SM3 hash value calculated with the certificate public key and the current date and time.

Serial numbers can be used to revoke a batch of keys and certificates in device CRL.

| +| Signature | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, conforming to [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Issuer | Issuer, same as the subject field issuing device CA certificate. | +| Validity | Validity, the validity period is for 20 years but should not exceed the validity date of device CA certificate. | +| Subject |

Subject, mandatory attribute:

  • – Organization name (organizationName), set by certification authority to specific device manufacturers.
  • – Serial number (serialNumber), assigned by certification authority, and acquired with calculating SM3 hash value of public key.
  • – Common name (commonName), consisting of three parts:

The first part represents the security level of the DRM client that uses the certificate:

"SW-", indicating that this client has achieved the security level of software;

"HW-", indicating that this client has achieved the security level of hardware;

"EH-", indicating that this client has achieved the security level of enhanced hardware.

The second part is the record number obtained by device manufacturer after passing security evaluation.

The third part is defined by device manufacturer or service provider and can be left blank.

Optional attributes:

Specified by device manufacturer.

| +| SubjectPublicKeyInfo |

Subject public key information, including:

  • – algorithmIdentifier id-ecPublicKey OID 1.2.840.10045.2.1;
  • – SM2 curve identifier OID 1.2.156.10197.1.301;
  • – SM2 public key.
| +| IssuerUniqueID | Unique ID of issuer; not used. | +| SubjectUniqueID | Unique ID of subject; not used. | +| BasicConstraints extension | Basic constraint extension, not used. | +| CRLDistributionPoints extension |

CRL distribution points extension:

  1. a) Certificates issued by a device CA under the management of certification authority: not used.
  2. b) Certificates issued by an auxiliary device CA: a necessary but not-critical field.

It only contains a cRLIssuer field to define the distinguishable names of device CRL issuers.

| + +**Table A.9 – Format of DRM client certificate** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| KeyUsage extension | Key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. Only key usage bit digitalSignature and keyEncipherment are set. | +| AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension | Authority key identifier extension, a necessary but non-critical field. It only contains the keyIdentifier field and has a value identical to subjectKeyIdentifier extension of the corresponding Device CA certificate. | +| SubjectKeyIdentifier extension | Subject key identifier extension; not used. | +| CertificatePolicies extension | Certificate policy extension; not used. | +| ExtKeyUsage extension | Extension key usage extension, a necessary and critical field. It includes cdrm-kp-drmAgent object identifier (1.2.156.112560.8). | +| Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension | Id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck extension; not used. | +| SignatureAlgorithmId | Signature algorithm ID, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501. | +| SignatureValue | Signature value. | + +## **A.2 Online certificate status protocol** + +OCSP service is in compliance with [IETF RFC 6960]. HTTP/HTTPS protocol is used to transmit messages for the OCSP protocol. OCSP service request is initiated by the DRM server to an OCSP responder, and after the OCSP responder replies, the response is sent to the DRM client in the license acquisition protocol by the DRM server. The DRM client verifies the revocation status of the DRM server based on the OCSP response. + +The format of the OCSP request message is shown in Table A.10. + +**Table A.10 – Format of the OCSP request message** + +| Field | Description | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Version, v2 with integer value 1. | +| RequestorName | Requester name, optional, can be included in the request, but will be neglected by OCSP responder. | +| RequestList | Request list, a request list should be included. | +| Request | Request, a list should be included. | +| ReqCert | Request certificate field. | +| Hash-Algrithm | Hash algorithm, SM3. | +| IssuerName Hash | Hash value of issuer DN, which should not be cut off. | +| IssuerKey Hash | Hash value of issuer public key, which should not be cut off. | +| SerialNumber | Certificate serial number. | +| SingleRequest-extension | Single request extension; not used. | +| RequestExtensions | Request (list) extensions. Extensions other than those defined below should not be used. | + +**Table A.10 – Format of the OCSP request message** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Nonce (id-pkix-ocsp-nonce) | Random number, optional, non-critical. Repeated in response if it is given. | +| OptionalSignature | Optional signature, which may be included in requests, but will be neglected by OCSP responder. | + +The format of OCSP response message is shown in Table A.11. + +**Table A.11 – Format of the OCSP response message** + +| Field | Description | +|----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ResponseStatus | Response status: successful, malformedRequest, internalerror, trylater, sigRequired, unauthorized as appropriate. | +| ResponseBytes | Response bytes | +| ResponseType | Response type, basic OCSP response: id-pkix-ocsp-basic. | +| Response | Response, an eight-bit byte serial including BasicOcspResponse. | +| BasicOcspResponse | Basic OCSP response | +| TbsResponseData | Response data to be signed. | +| Version | Version, v2 (integer value 1). | +| ResponderID | Responder ID, key (not the name) hash is used with a value identical to the value of extension domain subjectKeyIdentifier of OCSP responder certificate. | +| ProducedAt | Production time; the time to produce the OCSP response. | +| Responses | Response list. | +| CertID | Certificate ID | +| HashAlgorithm | Hash algorithm, SM3, hash value should not be cut off. | +| IssuerName-Hash | Issuer name hash, the hash value of the issuer DN. | +| IssuerKeyHash | The issuer public key hash, the hash value of the issuer's public key. | +| SerialNumber | Certificate serial number. | +| CertStatus | Certificate status, options: good, revoked, unknown | +| ThisUpdate | Update time for this time, sourced from the thisUpdate field of CRL. | +| NextUpdate | Update time for next time, sourced from the nextUpdate field of CRL. | +| SingleExtensions | Single response extension, not used. | +| ResponseExtensions | Response extension; extensions other than the ones defined below are not used. | +| Nonce (id-pkix-ocsp-nonce) | Random number, optional but non-critical. Will be repeated in responses if given in request. | +| SignatureAlgorithm | Signature algorithm, SM3 with SM2, OID 1.2.156.10197.1.501, see [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]. | +| Signature | Signature. | + +**Table A.11 – Format of the OCSP response message** + +| Field | Description | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Certs | Certificate list: The OCSP responder certificate is provided to the DRM server in each OCSP response. However, this certificate may be removed from the OCSP response before the response is transferring to the DRM client. The DRM server CA and root CA certificates do not need to be provided, as they should have been preloaded into device during certificate provisioning. | + +## A.3 Certificate revocation list (CRL) + +Certificate revocation lists (CRLs) include the DRM client CA CRL, DRM client CRL, and DRM server CRL. + +DRM server verifies the status of DRM client certificate chain according to DRM client CA CRL and DRM client CRL. + +The OCSP responder generates OCSP responses for the DRM server certificate based on the DRM server CRL. CRLs are in compliance with [IETF RFC 5280]. They are DER encoded, and the properties of certificate issuer is UTF8String encoded. CRLs' syntax is as follows: + +``` + +CertificateList ::= SEQUENCE { + tbsCertList TBSCertList, + signatureAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, + signatureValue BIT STRING} + +TBSCertList ::= SEQUENCE { + version Version OPTIONAL, + -If present, MUST be v2 + signature AlgorithmIdentifier, + issuer Name, + thisUpdate Time, + nextUpdate Time OPTIONAL, + revokedCertificates SEQUENCE of SEQUENCE { + userCertificate CertificateSerialNumber, + revocationDate Time, + crlEntryExtensions Extensions OPTIONAL + -If present, MUST be v2 + } OPTIONAL, + crlExtensions [0] EXPLICIT Extensions OPTIONAL + -If present, MUST be v2 +} + +``` + +# Annex B + +## H.264/H.265 content encryption method + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +This annex specifies the encryption methods for H.264 and H.265 encoded content. + +## B.1 H.264 + +For H.264 encoded video content, the supplemental enhancement information (SEI) information in the network abstract layer (NAL) unit type 6 contains CEI extension information. The NAL units with nal\_unit\_type of 1 or 5 are encrypted, and the other NAL units are not encrypted. User\_data\_unregistered in SEI is used to contain CEI information. user\_data\_payload\_byte indicates the CEI information. The UUID is a fixed value 70c1db9f-66ae-4127-bfc0-bb1981694b66. + +H.264 encoded video content can be encrypted using either full encryption mode or partial encryption mode. + +In full encryption mode, the data part of the slice is encrypted, and last part that is less than or equal to 16 bytes is not encrypted. Encryption algorithm is SM4. Encryption mode is CBC or CTR. The syntax is as follows: + +``` +Encrypted_NAL_Unit () +{ + nal_unit_type_byte // 1 byte + unencrypted_leader // 31 bytes + while (bytes_remaining() > 16) { + protected_block // 16 bytes + } + unencrypted_trailer // 1-16 bytes +} +``` + +In partial encryption mode, 10% of the slice data is encrypted, that is, after a 16-byte block is encrypted, the next nine 16-byte blocks are not encrypted, and last part less than or equal to 16 bytes is not encrypted. Encryption algorithm is SM4. Encryption mode is CBC or CTR. The syntax is as follows: + +``` +Encrypted_NAL_Unit () +{ + nal_unit_type_byte // 1 byte + unencrypted_leader // 31 bytes + while (bytes_remaining() > 0) { + if (bytes_remaining() > 16) { + encrypted_block // 16 bytes + } + unencrypted_block // MIN(144, bytes_remaining()) bytes + } +} +``` + +## B.2 H.265 + +For H.265 encoded video content, the SEI information in the NAL unit type 39 contains CEI extension information. The NAL units with nal\_unit\_type of 0-31 are encrypted, and the other NAL units are not encrypted. User-data\_unregistered in SEI is used to contain CEI information. user\_data\_payload\_byte indicates the CEI information. The UUID is a fixed value 70c1db9f-66ae-4127-bfc0-bb1981694b66. + +H.265 encoded video content can be encrypted using either full encryption mode or partial encryption mode. + +In full encryption mode, the data part of the slice is encrypted, and last part that is less than or equal to 16 bytes is not encrypted. Encryption algorithm is SM4. Encryption mode is CBC or CTR. The syntax is as follows: + +``` +Encrypted_NAL_Unit () +{ + nal_unit_type_byte // 1 byte + unencrypted_leader // 64 bytes + while (bytes_remaining() > 16) { + protected_block // 16 bytes + } + unencrypted_trailer // 1-16 bytes +} +``` + +In partial encryption mode, 10% of the slice data is encrypted, that is, after a 16-byte block is encrypted, the next nine 16-byte blocks are not encrypted, and last part less than or equal to 16 bytes is not encrypted. Encryption algorithm is SM4. Encryption mode is CBC or CTR. The syntax is as follows: + +``` +Encrypted_NAL_Unit () +{ + nal_unit_type_byte // 1 byte + unencrypted_leader // 64 bytes + while (bytes_remaining() > 0) { + if (bytes_remaining() > 16) { + encrypted_block // 16 bytes + } + unencrypted_block // MIN(144, bytes_remaining()) bytes + } +} +``` + +## B.3 TS encapsulation method extension + +When the encrypted H.264/H.265 encoded content is encapsulated in the TS encapsulation mode, video\_format defined in the Table 7-3 is defined as follows: + +'0011' indicates that the original video is encoded by H.265, '0100' indicates that the original video is encoded by H.264. + +## B.4 Emulation prevention + +To prevent the emulation of start codes, the encoded content after encryption shall be processed in accordance with the requirements of clause 7.1.3. + +# Annex C + +## Cryptographic algorithm + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +This annex specifies the cryptographic algorithms supported by digital rights management for video and audio content distribution. + +The cryptographic algorithm profile in the content license, license acquisition protocol, key synchronization protocol and key query protocol in this specification is defined as "KMSPProfile1", specified as the following: + +Video and audio contents are encrypted using SM4 algorithm, which complies with [ISO/IEC18033-3/AMD1]. Encryption mode is CBC or CTR; + +The DRM server generates the session key and uses the session key to encrypt the CEK. The encryption algorithm is SM4 algorithm, and the encryption mode is ECB or CTR. In CTR mode, the format is "[16-byte COUNTER][encrypted content encryption key]"; + +The DRM server encrypts the session key with the DRM client public key, and the encryption algorithm is SM2 public key encryption algorithm, which complies with [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]; + +If the CEK needs to be synchronized to the key gateway, the CEK needs to be encrypted by the key gateway public key, and the encryption algorithm is SM2 public key encryption algorithm, which complies with [ISO/IEC 14888-3:2018]; + +The DRM server encapsulates the encrypted session key, the encrypted CEK in the license and sends them to the DRM client. For details about the HMAC algorithm in the license, see [IETF RFC 2104]. The digest algorithm used by the HMAC algorithm is SM3 algorithm defined in [ISO/IEC 10118-3:2018], and the HMAC key is a 32-byte random number. + +The cryptographic algorithm in the license key unit is identified by a byte, where the high 4 bits are the type code of the cryptographic algorithm, and the low 4 bits are the algorithm code of the cryptographic algorithm. The cryptographic algorithms are specified in Table C.1. + +**Table C.1 – Cryptographic algorithm encoding** + +| Algorithm type | Type code | Algorithm name | Algorithm code | +|---------------------------------------------------------|-----------|------------------------|----------------| +| Hash algorithm
(HashAlgorithm) | 0000 | Reserved | 0000 | +| | | Reserved | 0001 | +| | | HashAlgorithm:SM3 | 0010 | +| | | Reserved | 0011~1001 | +| | | User defined | 1010~1111 | +| Public key encryption algorithm
(PublicKeyAlgorithm) | 0001 | Reserved | 0000 | +| | | Reserved | 0001 | +| | | PublicKeyAlgorithm:SM2 | 0010 | +| | | Reserved | 0011~1001 | +| | | User defined | 1010~1111 | + +**Table C.1 – Cryptographic algorithm encoding** + +| Algorithm type | Type code | Algorithm name | Algorithm code | +|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------| +| Block cipher algorithm
(BlockCipherAlgorithm) | 0010 | Reserved | 0000 | +| | | BlockCipherAlgorithm:SM4-CBC | 0001 | +| | | BlockCipherAlgorithm:SM4-ECB | 0010 | +| | | BlockCipherAlgorithm:SM4-CTR | 0011 | +| | | Reserved | 0100~1001 | +| | | User defined | 1010~1111 | +| Signature Algorithm
(SignatureAlgorithm) | 0100 | Reserved | 0000 | +| | | Reserved | 0001 | +| | | SignatureAlgorithm:SM2 | 0010 | +| | | HMAC-SM3 | 0011 | +| | | Reserved | 0100~1001 | +| | | User defined | 1010~1111 | +| Reserved | 0011,
0101~1111 | Reserved | 0000~1111 | + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T X.800] Recommendation ITU-T X.800 (1991), *Security architecture for Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT applications*. +- [b-ITU-T X.1367] Recommendation ITU-T X.1367 (2020), *Standard format for Internet of things error logs for security incident operations*. +- [b-ITU-T Y.101] Recommendation ITU-T Y.101 (2000), *Global Information Infrastructure terminology: Terms and definitions*. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1103-201508-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1103-201508-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..827609df9ad8667ae079f875841506349f063390 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1103-201508-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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specification for IP-based switched digital video using data over cable service interface specifications + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1103 describes the transmission specifications of IP-based switched digital video (SDV) using data over cable service interface specifications (DOCSIS) in a digital cable network. The cable broadcasting system has been changed to use resources efficiently and to transmit said resources in such a way that the varying needs of subscribers are easily accommodated. The transmission specifications described in this Recommendation are defined according to Recommendation ITU-T J.1101, *Functional requirements for IP-based switched digital video using data over cable service interface specifications*. These specifications are designed to maintain quality of service (QoS) while using bandwidth effectively in a hybrid fibre/coaxial (HFC) network environment. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1103 | 2015-08-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/12572 | + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2015 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|---------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 IP-based SDV reference model ..... | 3 | +| 6.1 Transmission function ..... | 4 | +| 6.2 Subscriber function..... | 4 | +| 7 Transmission specification ..... | 5 | +| 7.1 Service flow processing..... | 5 | +| 7.2 Packet scheduling ..... | 6 | +| 7.3 MAC header processing ..... | 7 | +| 7.4 MPEG-2 TS convergence..... | 12 | +| Annex A – The service flow classification process ..... | 15 | +| Annex B – Examples of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation ..... | 19 | +| Bibliography..... | 21 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1103 + +# Transmission specification for IP-based switched digital video using data over cable service interface specifications + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines the transmission specifications of the IP-based switched digital video (SDV) using data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS). The transmission specifications described in this Recommendation are defined according to [[ITU-T J.1101](#)]. The transmission specifications described in this Recommendation are defined as follows: + +- multicast service flow processing transmission specifications +- multicast packet scheduling transmission specifications +- media access control (MAC) header processing transmission specifications +- MPEG-2 TS convergence transmission specifications. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[[ITU-T J.210](#)] Recommendation ITU-T J.210 (2006), *Downstream RF interface for cable modem termination systems*. + +[[ITU-T J.222.1](#)] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.1 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Physical layer specification*. + +[[ITU-T J.222.2](#)] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and Upper Layer protocols*. + +[[ITU-T J.1101](#)] Recommendation ITU-T J.1101 (2012), *Functional requirements for IP-based switched digital video using data over cable service interface specifications*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following term defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 IP-based SDV [[ITU-T J.1101](#)]:** A service mechanism which provides interfaces and functionalities to enable cable television system operators to offer QoS-guaranteed broadcasting and multicasting. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|--------------------------------------------------| +| CCP | Channel Charge Protocol | +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMTS | Cable Modem Termination System | +| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check | +| DA | Destination Address | +| DC | Downstream Channel | +| DCID | Downstream Channel Identifier | +| DEPI | Downstream External PHY Interface | +| DMPI | DOCSIS MAC-PHY Interface | +| DOCSIS | Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications | +| DRFI | Downstream Radio Frequency Interface | +| DS | Downstream | +| DSID | Downstream Service Identifier | +| EH | Extended Header | +| EHDR | Extended MAC Header | +| FC | Frame Control | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FTP | File Transfer Protocol | +| GBE | Giga Bit Ethernet | +| HCS | Header Check Sequence | +| HFC | Hybrid Fibre/Coaxial | +| IGMP | Internet Group Management Protocol | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPC | Inter Process Communications | +| MAC | Media Access Control | +| M-CMTS | Modular Cable Modem Termination System | +| MDD | MAC Domain Descriptor | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| MSB | Most Significant Bit | +| NSI | Network Service Interface | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| PHY | Physical Layer | +| PID | Packet Identifier | +| PUSI | Payload Unit Start Indicator | + +| | | +|------|---------------------------------| +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RPC | Remote Procedure Call | +| SA | Source Address | +| SDV | Switched Digital Video | +| SF | Service Flow | +| SFID | Service Flow Identifier | +| SID | Service Identifier | +| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| VSI | Video Service Interface | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 IP-based SDV reference model + +As shown in Figure 1, functionally IP-based SDV using the DOCSIS system can be categorized into three parts: + +- the transmission function +- the subscriber function +- the control function. + +![Diagram of an IP-based switched digital video system showing the flow of video, data, and control signals between a video server, IP backbone, transmission function, and subscriber function.](a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the architecture of an IP-based switched digital video system. On the left, a **Video server** is connected to an **IP backbone**. From the IP backbone, three types of flows emerge: a **Downstream video service flow** (red arrow), a **Downstream data service flow** (blue arrow), and **Programme information** (dashed pink arrow). These flows enter the **Transmission function** block, which contains an **SDV transmission function** and a **Downstream PHY function**. Above this block is a **Control function** containing **Session management**, **Resource management**, and a **Master control**. The Master control is connected to the SDV transmission function via **IPC/RPC** (dashed black line) and to the Downstream PHY function via a blue line. The Control function also connects to the IP backbone via **NSI/GBE** and to the **Subscriber function** via **DOCSIS upstream** (blue line). The Downstream PHY function sends **Downstream RF signals** (pink arrows) through **RF channels** to the **Subscriber function**. The Subscriber function contains an **SDV receiver function** and an **SDV client function**. The SDV receiver function sends **SDV control signals** (dashed pink arrows) back to the Master control. A legend at the bottom defines the arrow types: red for downstream video, blue for downstream data, pink for downstream RF, dashed blue for upstream data, dashed pink for programme information, and dashed pink for SDV control signals. The identifier **J.1103(15)\_F01** is in the bottom right. + +Diagram of an IP-based switched digital video system showing the flow of video, data, and control signals between a video server, IP backbone, transmission function, and subscriber function. + +**Figure 1 – Diagram of an IP-based switched digital video system** + +## 6.1 Transmission function + +The transmission function processes the DOCSIS frame header and transmits it to the multicast service group. The transmission function consists of an SDV transmission function and a downstream PHY function. The SDV transmission function processes service flow and packet header processing on the DOCSIS MAC layer [ITU-T J.222.2]. The downstream PHY function transmits the DOCSIS header processed video stream to the subscriber. + +### 6.1.1 SDV transmission function + +The SDV transmission function processes service flow and does packet header processing on the DOCSIS MAC layer. + +### 6.1.2 Downstream PHY function + +The downstream PHY [ITU-T J.222.1] function transmits the DOCSIS header processed video stream to the subscriber. + +## 6.2 Subscriber function + +The subscriber function processes the video data stream from the transmission function. The subscriber function consists of the SDV client service function and SDV receiver function. The subscriber function also sends request information of an SDV video service programme to the control function. + +### 6.2.1 SDV client function + +The SDV client function recovers an IP-based received video data stream from an MPEG-2 based video stream and outputs it to the set-top box (STB). + +### 6.2.2 SDV receiver function + +The SDV receiver function processes physical signal processing; it is a function of the DOCSIS cable modem. + +# 7 Transmission specification + +Figure 2 shows the structure of an IP-based SDV transmission module. The IP-based SDV transmission module is required to consist of service flow processing, packet scheduling, MAC header processing and MPEG-2 TS convergence. Service flow processing is required to obtain the following information on input packets: the packet type, the service flow ID, the downstream service ID, the transmission priority and the available downstream transmission channel list. Packet scheduling is required to schedule the service flow by deciding on the available downstream channel, multiplexing the DOCSIS management message and multicasting the video data packet. MAC header processing is required to process the packet according to the transmission priority and to create the DOCSIS MAC header according to the service flow information of the input packet. MPEG-2 TS convergence is required to place the DOCSIS MAC frame in the queue and to map the DOCSIS MAC frame to MPEG-2 TS. + +![Diagram of the SDV transmission module architecture showing four functional blocks: Multicast service flow processing, Multicast packet scheduling, MAC header processing, and MPEG-2 TS convergence.](e9314c83043183351ed74908e9bf2f90_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the architecture of the SDV transmission module. It is a rectangular box titled "SDV transmission module" containing four blue rectangular blocks arranged in a 2x2 grid. The top-left block is labeled "Multicast service flow processing". The top-right block is labeled "Multicast packet scheduling". The bottom-left block is labeled "MAC header processing". The bottom-right block is labeled "MPEG-2 TS convergence". Below the diagram, the text "J.1103(15)\_F02" is displayed. + +Diagram of the SDV transmission module architecture showing four functional blocks: Multicast service flow processing, Multicast packet scheduling, MAC header processing, and MPEG-2 TS convergence. + +**Figure 2 – The architecture of IP-based SDV transmission** + +## 7.1 Service flow processing + +The service flow processing block is required to obtain the following information from the input packet: + +- packet type, downstream service identifier (DSID), service flow identifier (SFID) +- priority +- downstream channel (DC) list bitmask + +The packet scheduling block is required to determine the available channel using this information. + +The packet format of a transmission specification is shown in Figure 3. Detailed definitions of the header elements are provided in Table 1. The TYPE part consists of five elements as follows: TYPE\_CAST, TYPE\_BOND, TYPE\_PRIORITY, TYPE\_MESSAGE and TYPE\_RSVD. + +![Diagram of the data packet format showing the internal header and the 802.3 MAC packet PDU. The internal header is 32 bits long and contains fields: TYPE (2 bits), Priority (4 bits), DSID (20 bits), DC list bitmask (32 bits), and SFID addr (32 bits). The 802.3 MAC packet PDU is 18-1518 bytes long.](d4af765160d04ecef538e5066006dc77_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of a data packet. It consists of an internal header and an 802.3 MAC packet PDU. The internal header is 32 bits long and is divided into several fields: TYPE (2 bits), Priority (4 bits), DSID (20 bits), DC list bitmask (32 bits), and SFID addr (32 bits). The 802.3 MAC packet PDU is 18-1518 bytes long. The bit positions are marked at 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32. + +Diagram of the data packet format showing the internal header and the 802.3 MAC packet PDU. The internal header is 32 bits long and contains fields: TYPE (2 bits), Priority (4 bits), DSID (20 bits), DC list bitmask (32 bits), and SFID addr (32 bits). The 802.3 MAC packet PDU is 18-1518 bytes long. + +**Figure 3 – The data packet format** + +**Table 1 – Data packet frame header** + +| Field | Length (bits) | Function | +|---------------|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TYPE_CAST | 2 | TYPE:
00 – Unicast
01 – Multicast
10 – Broadcast
11 – Reserved | +| TYPE_BOND | 1 | TYPE BONDING CONDITION
0 – Channel non-bonded
1 – Channel bonded | +| TYPE_PRIORITY | 1 | TYPE ZERO PRIORITY
0 – Zero priority
1 – Non-zero priority | +| TYPE_MESSAGE | 1 | TYPE MESSAGE
0 – User packet
1 – MAC management message | +| TYPE_RSVD | 3 | TYPE Reserved | +| PRIORITY | 4 | PRIORITY
0x 0 ~ 7: High value is high priority | +| DSID | 20 | Downstream ID | +| DC LIST MASK | 32 | Service available channel list | +| SFID_ADDR | 32 | Service flow ID | + +The service flow classification process is shown in Figure A.1. + +## 7.2 Packet scheduling + +Packet scheduling is required to determine the available downstream channel. It is possible to transmit a management message for a determined channel. The management packet format of a transmission specification is shown in Figure 4. Detailed definitions of the header elements are provided in Table 2. + +![Diagram of the management packet format showing fields: DCID, UCID, LEN (DA ~ CRC), DA, SA, msg LEN, DSAP (0x00), SSAP (0x00), Control (0x03), Version, Type, RSVD, Management message payload, and CRC. It also labels the 'Internal header' and 'MAC management message header'.](af7916c89a458fdab6c3f443217388ae_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of a management packet. The packet starts with an 'Internal header' (bits 0-31) containing DCID (0-7), UCID (8-15), and LEN (DA ~ CRC) (16-31). This is followed by a 'MAC management message header' which includes DA (bits 32-63), SA (bits 64-95), msg LEN (bits 96-127), DSAP (0x00) (bits 128-135), SSAP (0x00) (bits 136-143), Control (0x03) (bits 144-151), Version (bits 152-159), Type (bits 160-167), and RSVD (bits 168-175). The 'Management message payload' follows, indicated by a dashed box. The packet ends with a CRC field. + +Diagram of the management packet format showing fields: DCID, UCID, LEN (DA ~ CRC), DA, SA, msg LEN, DSAP (0x00), SSAP (0x00), Control (0x03), Version, Type, RSVD, Management message payload, and CRC. It also labels the 'Internal header' and 'MAC management message header'. + +J.1103(15)\_F04 + +**Figure 4 – The management packet format** + +**Table 2 – Management packet frame header** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-------|--------------|-----------------| +| DCID | 8 | Down channel ID | +| UCID | 8 | Up channel ID | +| LEN | 16 | Length | + +## 7.3 MAC header processing + +The MAC header processing unit is required to classify the packet and store it in the queue according to the transmission priority. The MAC header processing unit is required to process the stored packets according to the queue priority shown in Table 3. + +**Table 3 – Queue priority** + +| Input packet priority | Queue priority | +|-----------------------|----------------| +| 15 | 2 | +| 7, 6, 5, 4 | 1 | +| 3, 2, 1, 0 | 0 | + +Different MAC header types are created according to the packet type as shown in Table 4. + +**Table 4 – MAC packet header type** + +| MAC header type | Value | Packet type | +|--------------------|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| Five-Byte DS EHDR | 00110xxx | Channel bonding unicast packet | +| | | Zero length packet | +| | 01110xxx | Channel bonding multicast packet | +| Three-Byte DS EHDR | 01010xxx | Non-bonding multicast packet | +| One-Byte DS EHDR | 00010xxx | Non-bonding and the priority of service flow is not zero | +| No DS EHDR | 00000xxx | Non-bonding and the priority of service flow is not defined | +| | 10000xxx | Non-bonding, broadcast and unknown MAC address message | +| | 00001xxx | Unicast MAC management message | +| | 01001xxx | Multicast MAC management message | + +The format of MAC header processing for a user data packet is shown in Figure 5 and the format of MAC header processing for a management packet is shown in Figure 6. + +![Diagram of MAC header processing for a user data packet showing fields like DOCSIS MAC header, DA, SA, Type/LEN, Control, ORG Code, Type, Data, and CRC with bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, 32.](a33da0f14e456f92539ce3e9b7d81f9a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of a MAC packet for user data. At the top, bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked. The packet structure is as follows: + +- DOCSIS MAC header (five, three, one or no DS EHDR)**: A green-shaded block at the top, corresponding to the first 6 to 12 bytes. +- DA**: Destination Address field, 6 bytes long. +- DA** and **SA**: Source Address field, 6 bytes long, split into two 3-byte halves. +- Type/LEN**: Type or Length field, 2 bytes long. +- DSAP (0xAA)** and **SSAP (0xAA)**: Service Access Point fields, 1 byte each. +- Control (0x03)** and **ORG Code (0x00)**: Control and Organization Code fields, 1 byte each. +- Type (0x0800, 0x0806, 0x0835)**: EtherType field, 2 bytes long. +- Data (38 ~ 1492 bytes)**: The payload data. +- CRC**: Cyclic Redundancy Check field, 4 bytes long. + +Brackets on the right side of the diagram indicate that the first 6-12 bytes constitute the **DOCSIS MAC header (6 ~ 12 bytes)** and the remaining fields constitute the **802.3 MAC packet PDU (18-1518 bytes)**. + +J.1103(15)\_F05 + +Diagram of MAC header processing for a user data packet showing fields like DOCSIS MAC header, DA, SA, Type/LEN, Control, ORG Code, Type, Data, and CRC with bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, 32. + +**Figure 5 –MAC header processing for a user data packet** + +![Figure 6: MAC header processing for a management packet. The diagram shows a packet structure with fields: FC, MAC PARM, LEN, HCS, DA, DA, SA, SA, msg LEN, DSAP (0x00), SSAP (0x00), Control (0x03), Version, Type, RSVD, Management message payload, and CRC. Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked at the top. Brackets on the right indicate the 'DOCSIS MAC header' (first two rows) and 'MAC management message header' (rows 3 through 7).](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +Figure 6: MAC header processing for a management packet. The diagram shows a packet structure with fields: FC, MAC PARM, LEN, HCS, DA, DA, SA, SA, msg LEN, DSAP (0x00), SSAP (0x00), Control (0x03), Version, Type, RSVD, Management message payload, and CRC. Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked at the top. Brackets on the right indicate the 'DOCSIS MAC header' (first two rows) and 'MAC management message header' (rows 3 through 7). + +**Figure 6 –MAC header processing for a management packet** + +The message format of a five-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Figure 7. MAC header processing is required to operate the sequence count and count initialization at each DSID if the input packet is a bonded packet (Type=1). + +The setting of a five-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Table 5. + +![Figure 7: Message format of five-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure with fields: FC, MAC PARM, LEN, EH_TYPE, EH_LEN, TP, SCC, DSID, PSN, and HCS. Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked at the top. A bracket on the right indicates the 'Bonded DOCSIS MAC header (12 bytes)' covering the first three rows.](75f0cb39f1cd165dfe4a6aa6c4d9388d_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: Message format of five-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure with fields: FC, MAC PARM, LEN, EH\_TYPE, EH\_LEN, TP, SCC, DSID, PSN, and HCS. Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked at the top. A bracket on the right indicates the 'Bonded DOCSIS MAC header (12 bytes)' covering the first three rows. + +**Figure 7 – Message format of five-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header** + +**Table 5 – Setting of a five-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header** + +| Field | Size (bits) | Value | | +|-----------|-------------|-------|------------------------------------------------| +| FC | 8 | 0x01 | EHDR_ON = 1 | +| MAC_PARAM | 8 | 0x06 | Extended header length | +| LEN | 16 | | packet PDU length + 6 (extended header length) | +| EH_TYPE | 4 | 0x8 | | +| EH_LEN | 4 | 0x5 | | +| TP | 3 | | Priority of additional area | +| SCC | 1 | | DSID of initialization flag bit | + +**Table 5 – Setting of a five-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header** + +| Field | Size (bits) | Value | | +|-------|-------------|-------|--------------------------------------| +| DSID | 20 | | DSID of additional area | +| PSN | 16 | | DSID of current sequence count value | +| HCS | 16 | | Calculation of FC to PSN | + +- LEN: the sum of the length of the input packet and the value of the DOCSIS extended header length (6) +- TP: the priority value of the internal additional header in the input packet +- SCC: the initialization flag bit of the relevant DSID +- DSID: the DSID value of the internal additional header of the input packet +- PSN: the current sequence count value which the input packet belongs to +- HCS: the value created by the polynomial $X^{16} + X^{12} + X^5 + 1$ from FC to PSN + +The message format of a null packet DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Figure 8. MAC header processing is required to create null packets and increase the counter value by 1, if the DSID has no input packet (TYPE=0). The setting of a null packet DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Table 6. + +![Figure 8: Message format of a null packet DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure with fields FC, MAC PARM, LEN, EH_TYPE, EH_LEN, TP, SCC, DSID, PSN, and HCS. A bracket on the right indicates the 'Bonded DOCSIS MAC header (12 bytes)' covering the first 24 bits (FC through DSID). Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked at the top.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +J.1103(15)\_F08 + +Figure 8: Message format of a null packet DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure with fields FC, MAC PARM, LEN, EH\_TYPE, EH\_LEN, TP, SCC, DSID, PSN, and HCS. A bracket on the right indicates the 'Bonded DOCSIS MAC header (12 bytes)' covering the first 24 bits (FC through DSID). Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked at the top. + +**Figure 8 – Message format of a null packet DOCSIS MAC header** + +**Table 6 – Setting of a null packet DOCSIS MAC header** + +| Field | Size (bits) | Value | | +|-----------|-------------|-------|--------------------------------------| +| FC | 8 | 0x01 | EHDR_ON = 1 | +| MAC_PARAM | 8 | 0x06 | Extended header length | +| LEN | 16 | | 6 (extended header length) | +| EH_TYPE | 4 | 0x8 | | +| EH_LEN | 4 | 0x5 | | +| TP | 3 | 0x0 | | +| SCC | 1 | | DSID of initialization flag bit | +| DSID | 20 | | DSID of additional area | +| PSN | 16 | | DSID of current sequence count value | +| HCS | 16 | | Calculation of FC to PSN | + +- LEN: the value of the DOCSIS extended header length (6) +- SCC: the initialization flat bit of the relevant DSID +- DSID: the DSID value of the internal additional header of the input packet +- PSN: the current sequence count value which the input packet belongs to + +- HCS: the value created by the polynomial $X^{16} + X^{12} + X^5 + 1$ from FC to PSN + +The message format of a three-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Figure 9. MAC header processing is required to create the three-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header if the input packet is a non-bonded multicast packet (Type=2). + +The setting of a three-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Table 7. + +![Figure 9: Message format of a three-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure. Bit 0 to 8: FC (8 bits). Bit 8 to 16: MAC PARM (8 bits). Bit 16 to 32: LEN (16 bits). Below FC are EH_TYPE (4 bits) and EH_LEN (4 bits). Below MAC PARM are TP (3 bits) and x (1 bit). Below LEN is DSID (20 bits). Below EH_TYPE and EH_LEN is HCS (16 bits). A vertical double-headed arrow on the right indicates the 'Unbonded and group DOCSIS MAC header (10 bytes)' covering the first 80 bits (10 bytes). The diagram is labeled J.1103(15)_F09.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +Figure 9: Message format of a three-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure. Bit 0 to 8: FC (8 bits). Bit 8 to 16: MAC PARM (8 bits). Bit 16 to 32: LEN (16 bits). Below FC are EH\_TYPE (4 bits) and EH\_LEN (4 bits). Below MAC PARM are TP (3 bits) and x (1 bit). Below LEN is DSID (20 bits). Below EH\_TYPE and EH\_LEN is HCS (16 bits). A vertical double-headed arrow on the right indicates the 'Unbonded and group DOCSIS MAC header (10 bytes)' covering the first 80 bits (10 bytes). The diagram is labeled J.1103(15)\_F09. + +Figure 9 – Message format of a three-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header + +Table 7 – Setting of a three-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header + +| Field | Size (bits) | Value | | +|-----------|-------------|-------|------------------------------------------------| +| FC | 8 | 0x01 | EHDR_ON = 1 | +| MAC_PARAM | 8 | 0x04 | Extended header length | +| LEN | 16 | | packet PDU length + 4 (extended header length) | +| EH_TYPE | 4 | 0x8 | | +| EH_LEN | 4 | 0x3 | | +| TP | 3 | | Priority of additional area | +| Reserved | 1 | | DSID of initialization flag bit | +| DSID | 20 | | DSID of additional area | +| HCS | 16 | | Calculation of FC to DSID | + +- LEN: the length of the input packet protocol data unit (PDU) and the value of the DOCSIS extended header length (4) +- TP: the priority value of the internal additional header in the input packet +- SCC: the initialization flag bit of the relevant DSID +- DSID: the DSID value of the internal additional header of the input packet. +- HCS: the value created by the polynomial $X^{16} + X^{12} + X^5 + 1$ from FC to DSID. + +The message format of a one-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Figure 10. MAC header processing is required to create the one-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header if the input packet is non-bonded and the priority of service flow is set up as a not zero value (Type=3). + +The setting of a one-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Table 8. + +![Figure 10: Message format of one-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure. Bit 0 to 8: FC (8 bits). Bit 8 to 16: MAC PARM (8 bits). Bit 16 to 32: LEN (16 bits). Below FC are EH_TYPE (4 bits) and EH_LEN (4 bits). Below MAC PARM are TP (3 bits) and xxxx (1 bit). Below LEN is HCS (16 bits). A vertical double-headed arrow on the right indicates the 'Unbonded and nonzero priority DOCSIS MAC header (8 bytes)' covering the first 64 bits (8 bytes). The diagram is labeled J.1103(15)_F10.](90ee16ccc0ad16aeca48087797d7b07f_img.jpg) + +Figure 10: Message format of one-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header. The diagram shows a 32-bit header structure. Bit 0 to 8: FC (8 bits). Bit 8 to 16: MAC PARM (8 bits). Bit 16 to 32: LEN (16 bits). Below FC are EH\_TYPE (4 bits) and EH\_LEN (4 bits). Below MAC PARM are TP (3 bits) and xxxx (1 bit). Below LEN is HCS (16 bits). A vertical double-headed arrow on the right indicates the 'Unbonded and nonzero priority DOCSIS MAC header (8 bytes)' covering the first 64 bits (8 bytes). The diagram is labeled J.1103(15)\_F10. + +Figure 10 – Message format of one-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header + +**Table 8 – Setting of a one-byte DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header** + +| Field | size (bits) | value | | +|-----------|-------------|-------|------------------------------------------------| +| FC | 8 | 0x01 | EHDR_ON = 1 | +| MAC_PARAM | 8 | 0x02 | Extended header length | +| LEN | 16 | | packet PDU length + 2 (extended header length) | +| EH_TYPE | 4 | 0x8 | | +| EH_LEN | 4 | 0x1 | | +| TP | 3 | | DSID of additional area | +| Reserved | 5 | 0x0 | | +| HCS | 16 | | Calculation of FC to PSN | + +- LEN: the length of the input packet PDU and the value of the DOCSIS extended header length (4). +- TP: the priority value of the internal additional header in the input packet +- HCS: the value created by the polynomial $X^{16} + X^{12} + X^5 + 1$ from FC to PSN + +The message format of a NO DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Figure 11. MAC header processing is required to create the no DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header if the input packet is a non-bonded and the priority of service flow is not defined (Type=4). + +The setting of a NO DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header is shown in Table 9. + +![Diagram of NO DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header structure. It shows a header with fields FC (8 bits), MAC PARM (8 bits), LEN (16 bits), and HCS (16 bits). Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked. A bracket on the right indicates the 'Unbonded DOCSIS MAC header (6 bytes)' covering FC, MAC PARM, and LEN. The HCS field follows. Source: J.1103(15)_F11.](9cd90f495b95ad2116ff780248c26d95_img.jpg) + +Diagram of NO DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header structure. It shows a header with fields FC (8 bits), MAC PARM (8 bits), LEN (16 bits), and HCS (16 bits). Bit positions 0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 are marked. A bracket on the right indicates the 'Unbonded DOCSIS MAC header (6 bytes)' covering FC, MAC PARM, and LEN. The HCS field follows. Source: J.1103(15)\_F11. + +**Figure 11 – Message format of a NO DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header** + +**Table 9 – Setting of a NO DS EHDR DOCSIS MAC header** + +| Field | Size (bits) | Value | | +|-----------|-------------|-------|--------------------------| +| FC | 8 | 0x00 | EHDR_ON = 0 | +| MAC_PARAM | 8 | 0x00 | 0 | +| LEN | 16 | | packet PDU length | +| HCS | 16 | | Calculation of FC to PSN | + +- LEN: the value of the length of the input packet PDU +- HCS: the value of polynomial $X^{16} + X^{12} + X^5 + 1$ from FC to LEN + +## 7.4 MPEG-2 TS convergence + +MPEG-2 TS convergence is required to store the DOCSIS MAC frame in the queue and for mapping to MPEG-2 TS. The mapped MPEG-2 TS is required to multiplex the MPEG-2 TS from an A/V encoder or re-multiplexer. The structure of MPEG-2 TS convergence is shown in Figure 12 and the structure of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation is shown in Figure 13. The setting values of MPEG-2 TS header are shown in Table 10. An example of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation is shown in Figure B.1. + +![Figure 12: Structure of MPEG-2 TS convergence. This block diagram shows the convergence process. On the left, a 'DOCSIS MAC packet' enters a 'DOCSIS MAC packet FIFO'. Above it, 'SYNC message memory' is connected to an 'MPEG-2 TS encapsulator'. The 'DOCSIS MAC packet FIFO' also feeds into this encapsulator. An external 'From A/V encoder or remultiplexer' provides 'MPEG-2 TS' data to an 'MPEG-2 TS multiplex'. The encapsulator outputs 'MPEG-2 TS' data to this multiplex, which then outputs the final 'MPEG-2 TS' stream. A label 'J.1103(15)_F12' is at the bottom right.](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +Figure 12: Structure of MPEG-2 TS convergence. This block diagram shows the convergence process. On the left, a 'DOCSIS MAC packet' enters a 'DOCSIS MAC packet FIFO'. Above it, 'SYNC message memory' is connected to an 'MPEG-2 TS encapsulator'. The 'DOCSIS MAC packet FIFO' also feeds into this encapsulator. An external 'From A/V encoder or remultiplexer' provides 'MPEG-2 TS' data to an 'MPEG-2 TS multiplex'. The encapsulator outputs 'MPEG-2 TS' data to this multiplex, which then outputs the final 'MPEG-2 TS' stream. A label 'J.1103(15)\_F12' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 12 – Structure of MPEG-2 TS convergence** + +The MPEG-2 TS convergence is required to set the MPEG-2 TS header format in accordance with Table 10. MPEG-2 TS convergence is required to use the 'pointer field' as the payload unit start indicator (PUSI) is set to 1. + +![Figure 13: Structure of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation. This diagram details the encapsulation process. It starts with a 'DOCSIS MAC Frame FIFO' containing four slots. An arrow labeled 'one MAC frame' points from the FIFO to a large dotted rectangle representing the MAC frame. Below the FIFO, a 'TS head block' is shown as a 4x4 grid of bits. A '4-bit counter' is connected to the bottom row of the TS head block. To the right of the MAC frame, 'MAC_remains' are indicated. Below the MAC frame, an arrow labeled 'map MAC frame into payload of TS' points to a new structure. This structure consists of an 'MPEG TS header', a 'pointer_field', a dotted rectangle representing the mapped MAC frame, and 'TS_remains'. A yellow 'SYNC message' box is shown below the TS header, with a dashed arrow pointing to the 'pointer_field'. The 'TS_remains' part of the structure points to a 'TS FIFO' (four slots), which then points to 'To MPEG TS multiplex'. A label 'J.1103(15)_F13' is at the bottom right.](8fa679f79a1bb1f527cba9f29e784e89_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | +| 0 | y | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | x | x | x | x | + +Figure 13: Structure of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation. This diagram details the encapsulation process. It starts with a 'DOCSIS MAC Frame FIFO' containing four slots. An arrow labeled 'one MAC frame' points from the FIFO to a large dotted rectangle representing the MAC frame. Below the FIFO, a 'TS head block' is shown as a 4x4 grid of bits. A '4-bit counter' is connected to the bottom row of the TS head block. To the right of the MAC frame, 'MAC\_remains' are indicated. Below the MAC frame, an arrow labeled 'map MAC frame into payload of TS' points to a new structure. This structure consists of an 'MPEG TS header', a 'pointer\_field', a dotted rectangle representing the mapped MAC frame, and 'TS\_remains'. A yellow 'SYNC message' box is shown below the TS header, with a dashed arrow pointing to the 'pointer\_field'. The 'TS\_remains' part of the structure points to a 'TS FIFO' (four slots), which then points to 'To MPEG TS multiplex'. A label 'J.1103(15)\_F13' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 13 – Structure of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation** + +**Table 10 – MPEG-2 TS header** + +| Field | Size (bits) | Value | | +|-------------------------------------|--------------------|--------------|----------| +| Sync_byte | 8 | 0x47 | | +| Transport_error_indicator | 1 | '0' | | +| Payload_unit_start_indicator (PUSI) | 1 | | | +| Transport_priority | 1 | '0' | Reserved | +| PID | 13 | 0x1FFE | | +| Transport_scrambling_control | 2 | '0' | Reserved | +| Adaptation_field_control | 2 | '01' | | +| Continuity_counter | 4 | | | + +## Annex A + +### The service flow classification process + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +The input packet is classified into only one service flow by field searching. The service flow classification process consists of a two-stage approach as follows: + +First stage: classification via the destination address of the input MAC packet + +Second stage: classification via a defined packet classifier + +Figure A.1 illustrates the service flow classification process. + +In the first stage, it is possible to determine a specific set-top box (STB) according to the destination MAC address of the input packet. It is necessary to find the specific address from the input MAC Dest. Addr. To CM Classifier Entity Table. + +![Flowchart of the service flow classification process showing six tables and numbered steps (1-6).](75e4b78ee25f885d73120e3066a5253e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the service flow classification process through six interconnected tables and numbered steps: + +- [1] Input MAC Dest. Addr. to CM classifier entity table**: + + +| IN pkt MAC | Table entry addr | +|------------|------------------| +| cm1 | 0xee080000 | +| cm2 | 0xee080008 | +| cm3 | ... | +| cm4 | ... | +| cm5 | ... | +| cpe1 | 0xee09ee06 | +| cpe2 | ... | +| cpe3 | | +| cpe4 | | +| gmac1 | | +| gmac2 | | +| gmac3 | | +- [2] CM classifier entity table**: + + +| CM MAC | Classifier entities (CLID's) | +|--------|------------------------------| +| cm1 | 5, 2, 3 | +| cm2 | 7, 2 | +| cm3 | - | +| ... | ... | +- [3] Classifier pattern table**: + + +| | +|----------| +| pattern1 | +| pattern2 | +| pattern3 | +- [4] Second stage classification table**: + + +| CM MAC + matched value | DS SFID | +|------------------------|---------| +| cm1 + str1 | | +| cm1 + str2 | | +| cm2 + str1 | | +| cm3 | | +| ... | | +- [5] Active DS service flow table**: + + +| DS SFID | CM MAC | DSID | DC Lists | Pkt type | Priority | QoS Class | +|---------|--------|------|----------|----------|----------|-----------| +| sfid 1 | cm1 | 3 | 0x000D | 1 | 1 | | +| sfid 2 | cm1 | 4 | 0x004E | 1 | 2 | | +| sfid 3 | cm2 | null | 0x0002 | 3 | 0 | | +| sfid 4 | cm3 | 6 | 0x0020 | 2 | 0 | | +| sfid 5 | cm4 | 7 | 0x0040 | 2 | 1 | | +| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | | +- [6] DS QoS attribution table**: + + +| QoS Class | Max susR | Max Burst | Min RvR | Ass. Min RvR | Max. Latency | Peak rate | +|-----------|----------|-----------|---------|--------------|--------------|-----------| +| 1 | | | | | | | +| 2 | | | | | | | +| 3 | | | | | | | +| ... | | | | | | | + +**Process Flow:** + +- (1)** Input MAC Dest. Addr. is used to look up the entry address in table [1], which points to the entry in table [2]. +- (2)** The classifier entities (CLID's) from table [2] are used to look up patterns in table [3]. +- (3)** A matching value is determined from the patterns in table [3]. +- (4)** The CM MAC Addr. and the Matching value are used to look up the DS SFID in table [4]. +- (5)** The DS SFID is used to look up the service flow details in table [5]. +- (6)** The QoS Class from table [5] is used to look up the QoS attributes in table [6]. + +Flowchart of the service flow classification process showing six tables and numbered steps (1-6). + +Figure A.1 – Example of a service flow classification process + +For the second stage, it is necessary to find a specific service flow using the following three tables: the CM Classifier Entity Table, the Classifier Pattern Table and the Second Stage Classification Table. + +The CM Classifier Entity Table is required to store the classifier ID. The maximum number of classifiers depends upon the specification of the headend MAC module. + +The input packet is classified into a specific service flow through a field search of the input packet. As stated previously the service flow is generally classified as follows. + +Step 1: Classification via the destination address of the input MAC packet + +Step 2: Classification via a defined packet classifier + +This classification is via the MAC packet destination address of stage 1. A specific MAC address of the terminal platform with which the MAC packet is associated can be found through the first stage of the classification process. In the second stage of the classification process, the final service flow is determined in the relevant terminal MAC in the case where the classification with other fields besides the input MAC address is defined during the registration of the relevant terminal platform or the dynamic service creation procedure. If there is no stage 2 of the classification process, the service flow is mapped as the default service flow (or primary service flow) which is allocated to the relevant terminal platform. Figure A.1 shows the mapping process through which the input packet is classified and mapped into one service flow. + +In the first stage of the classification process the terminal to which the packet is to be transmitted is determined according to the MAC address and the result of the Input MAC Dest. Addr to CM Classifier Entity Table. + +[1] Input MAC Dest. Addr to CM Classifier Entity Table + +The terminal platform associated with the input MAC destination address is set so that it is able to find the relevant saved address of the [2] CM Classifier Entity Table for the second classification. + +The saved address from the [2] CM Classifier Entity Table of the relevant cable modem (CM) is obtained from the destination MAC address of the input MAC packet through the [1] Input MAC Dest. Addr to CM Classifier Entity Table for the second classification of the relevant terminal platform. + +The aim of the second stage of the classification process is to find to which service flow in the relevant terminal platform the input packet relates and the following three tables are needed for this search: + +[2] CM Classifier Entity Table + +The MAC address of the CM and the classifier IDs which are to apply to each CM are saved according to priority. + +The classifier IDs are the IDs from the [3] Classifier Pattern Table and have values in the range 0 ~ 63556. + +In accordance with the supported specification of the headend MAC module, the maximum value of the classifier to which a terminal platform can apply is set at maximum. + +[3] Classifier Pattern Table + +This table contains the classifier patterns which are commonly used in the headend MAC. + +A single classifier can be composed from a combination of fields. + +[4] Second Stage Classification Table + +The table is set to find the service flow the result value from the MAC address of the CM to which the input packet is transmitted and the defined classifier in the relevant CM. + +The result value is input when the terminal platform MAC address and the classifier are applied. As for the result value, the address to which the specific service flow attribution of the [5] Active DS Service Flow Table is saved as output. + +The second stage of the classification process is as follows: + +From the address of the [2] CM Classifier Entity Table which is obtained from the first stage of the classification process, the terminal platform MAC address and the classifier ID which is applied in the CM are obtained. + +According to the MAC address of the relevant terminal platform and the order of the classifier ID which is to be applied to the relevant terminal platform, one character string is composed by adding the result value which is obtained by applying the classifier to the CM Classifier Entity Table. + +The value which is relevant to the resulting character string is obtained from the Second Stage Classification Table. Then the address of the service flow which belongs to the relevant character string is found on the [5] Active DS Service Flow Table. + +If the second classification procedure is completed, the address of the service flow where the packet belongs can be found on the [5] Active DS Service Flow Table. The basic attribution of the service flow which is necessary for downstream transmission can be obtained from the [5] Active DS Service Flow Table. + +### [5] Active DS Service Flow Table + +The basic information of downstream service flow is saved as below: + +- Terminal platform MAC address +- DSID +- DSID channel list +- Packet type +- Priority +- DS QoS attribution + +### [6] DS QoS Attribution Table + +The supported QoS is classified as the determined number and applied to the relevant service flow. + +The following attributions are saved in the DS QoS attribution table: + +- QoS class +- Maximum sustained traffic rate +- Minimum reserved traffic rate +- Assumed minimum reserved traffic rate +- Maximum latency +- Peak Rate + +The DS QoS attribution is not applied in the first implementation. + +The Create/Alter/Delete functions of each table are performed in the headend MAC control server module and completed through the following process. + +Presetting by the operator in the headend MAC module (provisioning) + +Signalling between the headend MAC module and the terminal platform MAC module (registration, DSA) + +Obtaining the CPE MAC address (address aging) + +The destination MAC address process for multicasting is dealt with separately as it is not relevant to certain terminal platforms (excluded from the first year implementation range). + +The [3] Classifier Pattern Table is required to store the classifier pattern and it consists of the following configuration fields: IPV4 packet classification, TCP/UDP packet classification, Ethernet LLC packet classification, IEEE 802.1P/Q packet classification and IPV6 packet classification. The classifier configuration fields are shown in Table A.1. + +**Table A.1 – Classifier configuration fields** + +| Function | Detailed field | +|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| IPv4 Packet Classification | IPv4 Type of Service Range and Mask
IP Protocol
IPv4 Source Address
IPv4 Source Mask
IPv4 Destination Address
IPv4 Destination Mask | +| TCP/UDP Packet Classification | TCP/UDP Source Port Start
TCP/UDP Source Port End
TCP/UDP Destination Port Start
TCP/UDP Destination Port End | +| Ethernet LLC Packet Classification | Destination MAC Address
Source MAC Address
Ethertype/DSAP/MacType | +| IEEE 802.1P/Q Packet Classification | IEEE 802.1P Priority Range
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN ID | +| IPv6 Packet Classification | IPv6 Traffic Class Range and Mask
IPv6 Flow Label
IPv6 Next Header Type
IPv6 Source Address
IPv6 Source Prefix Length (bits)
IPv6 Destination Address
IPv6 Destination Prefix Length (bits) | + +The [4] Second Stage Classification Table is required to find the service flow and it is possible to find the DS SFID address of the [5] Active DS Service Flow Table. + +The [5] Active DS Service Flow Table is required to contain the following information: STB MAC address, DSID, DSID channel list, packet type, priority and DS QoS attribution. + +The [6] DS QoS Attribution Table is required to contain the following information: QoS Class, maximum sustained traffic rate, minimum reserved traffic rate, assumed minimum reserved traffic rate, maximum latency and peak rate. + +## Annex B + +## Examples of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Examples of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation are shown in Figure B.1. + +Case (a) is an example of one MPEG-2 TS transmission including a MAC frame. In this case PUSI is set to '1' and the 'pointer field' is set to '0'. + +Case (b) is an example of one MPEG-2 TS transmission including part of a MAC frame and another MAC frame. The value of PUSI is set to '1' and in the 'pointer field' the first 'stuff byte' is indicated. + +Case (c) is an example of one MPEG-2 TS transmission including multiple MAC frames. The value of PUSI is set to '1' and the 'pointer field' is set to '0'. + +Case (d) is an example of three MPEG-2 TS transmissions for one MAC frame. The value of PUSI is set to '1' and the 'pointer field' is set to '0' in the first MPEG-2 TS transmission. + +The value of PUSI is set to '0' in the second MPEG-2 TS transmission. + +The value of PUSI is set to '1' and the 'pointer field' indicates the first 'stuff byte' in the third MPEG-2 TS transmission. The third MPEG-2 TS transmission includes a part of one MAC frame and another MAC frame as in Case (b). + +![](cbdfdade780e677eb1c1aef3081ce9ef_img.jpg) + +DOCSIS MAC frame + +(a) + +| | | | | +|----------------|---------------|--|-------------| +| MPEG TS header | pointer_field | | stuff_bytes | +| PUSI = 1 | 0 | | 0xFF | + +DOCSIS MAC frame + +Frame #1 + +Frame #2 + +(b) + +| | | | | | +|----------------|---------------|------------------|-------------|---| +| MPEG TS header | pointer_field | tail of frame #1 | stuff_bytes | B | +| PUSI = 1 | ↑ | | | | + +DOCSIS MAC frame + +A + +B + +(c) + +| | | | | | +|----------------|---------------|---|---|-------------| +| MPEG TS header | pointer_field | A | B | stuff_bytes | +| PUSI = 1 | 0 | | | 0xFF | + +DOCSIS MAC frame + +Frame #1 + +Frame #2 + +(d) + +| | | | +|----------------|---------------|-------------------| +| MPEG TS header | pointer_field | Start of frame #1 | +| PUSI = 1 | 0 | | + +| | | | +|----------------|--------------------------|--| +| MPEG TS header | Continuation of frame #2 | | +| PUSI = 0 | | | + +| | | | | | +|----------------|---------------|------------------|-------------|----------| +| MPEG TS header | pointer_field | tail of frame #1 | stuff_bytes | Frame #2 | +| PUSI = 1 | ↑ 0xFF | | | | + +J.1103(15)\_FB.1 + +**Figure B.1 – Examples of MPEG-2 TS encapsulation format** + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.112] Recommendation ITU-T J.112 Annex B (2004), *Data-over-cable service interface specifications: Radio-frequency interface specification.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 133] ANSI/SCTE 133 (2010), *Downstream RF interface for Cable Modem Termination Systems.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-1] ANSI/SCTE 135-1 (2013), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 1: Physical Layer Specification.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-2] ANSI/SCTE 135-2 (2013), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 2: MAC and Upper Layer Protocols.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-4] ANSI/SCTE 135-4 (2013), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 4: Operations Support Systems Interface.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-5] ANSI/SCTE 135-5 (2009), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 5: Cable Modem to Customer Premise Equipment Interface.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 137-1] ANSI/SCTE 137-1 (2010), *Modular Headend Architecture Part 1: DOCSIS Timing Interface.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 137-2] ANSI/SCTE 137-2 (2010), *Modular Headend Architecture Part 2: M-CMTS Downstream External PHY Interface.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 137-3] ANSI/SCTE 137-3 (2010), *Modular Headend Architecture Part 3: M-CMTS Operations Support System Interface.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 137-4] ANSI/SCTE 137-4 (2010), *Modular Headend Architecture Part 4: Edge Resource Manager Interface for Modular Cable Modem Termination Systems.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 137-5] ANSI/SCTE 137-5 (2010), *Modular Headend Architecture Part 5: Edge QAM Provisioning and Management Interface.* + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1107-201803-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1107-201803-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2bb8c65ca775d248c863e52262fdc1078700604f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1107-201803-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,397 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1107** + +(03/2018) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Switched digital video over cable networks + +--- + +**Architecture and specification for radio over IP +transmission systems** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1107 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1107 + +# Architecture and specification for radio over IP transmission systems + +## Summary + +As cable television (TV) networks migrate to deep fibre or fibre to the home (FTTH) architectures, it is now possible and easy to provide bidirectional high-quality media services that require very high-speed digital transmission of high-quality content. Cable TV networks provide services by transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals between the headend and a cable modem (CM). The configuration and devices of these networks are optimized for RF signal transmission. When migrating to all-fibre cable TV networks, changing the existing network devices to new network devices for service operators (SOs), who provide broadcasting and various data services through hybrid fibre coaxial (HFC)-based cable TV networks, is recommended. Therefore, a cost-effective solution for deployable and acceptable migration toward optic-based cable TV networks is required. + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1107 provides a cost-effective adaptable solution for HFC-based cable TV network devices in optic-based cable TV networks. The purpose of the radio over Internet protocol (RoIP) system is to transmit data over cable service interface specifications (DOCSIS)-based upstream (US) RF signals of CM to cable modem termination system (CMTS) through IP transmission in optic-based cable TV networks. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1107 | 2018-03-16 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13564 | + +## Keywords + +RoIP. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2018 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Overview..... | 2 | +| 7 Functional architecture ..... | 4 | +| 7.1 RoIP terminal..... | 4 | +| 7.2 RoIP headend..... | 5 | +| 8 Service flow ..... | 5 | +| 8.1 Initialization process..... | 6 | +| 8.2 Data transmission process ..... | 7 | +| Bibliography..... | 9 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1107 + +## Architecture and specification for radio over IP transmission systems + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the architecture and specification for radio over IP transmission (RoIP) systems in hybrid fibre coaxial (HFC)-based networks. The architecture described in this Recommendation is defined according to [ITU-T J.1106]. The architecture and specifications described in this Recommendation are defined as follows: + +- radio over IP terminal system; +- radio over IP headend system. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.210] Recommendation ITU-T J.210 (2006), *Downstream RF interface for cable modem termination systems*. +- [ITU-T J.222.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.1 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services - IP cable modems: Physical layer specification*. +- [ITU-T J.222.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and upper layer protocols*. +- [ITU-T J.1106] Recommendation ITU-T J.1106 (2017), *Requirement for radio over IP transmission system*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +- | | | +|--------|--------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMTS | Cable Modem Termination System | +| DOCSIS | Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications | + +| | | +|------|-------------------------| +| DS | Downstream | +| E/O | Electric to Optic | +| FTTH | Fibre To The Home | +| HFC | Hybrid Fibre Coaxial | +| OLT | Optical Line Terminal | +| OMUX | Optical Multiplexer | +| PON | Passive Optical Network | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| RoIP | Radio over IP | +| SO | Service Operator | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| US | Upstream | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Overview + +As shown in Figure 1, the RoIP system [ITU-T J.1106] consists of an RoIP terminal and an RoIP headend. The RoIP terminal is located at the endpoint of an optic-based cable TV network and the RoIP headend is located between the cable modem termination system (CMTS) and optical network endpoint such as an optical line terminal (OLT). It is required to synchronize and transmit upstream (US) using a data over cable service interface specifications (DOCSIS)-based protocol [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-1 2008], [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-2 2008], [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-4 2008], [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-5 2008] for IP transmission. + +For fibre to the home (FTTH), a broadcast signal and a signal to be output [ITU-T J.210] from the CMTS are radio frequency (RF) signals which have different center frequencies. These signals may be combined as a signal output by a combiner, and an RF signal to be output from the combiner may be output after being input to a downstream optical transmitter. Through the input and the output, an RF electrical signal may be converted to an optical signal. + +An optical signal is different from a passive optical network (PON)-type signal used in general optical communications. The optical signal used in a PON turns on or off an optical source based on a bit value in a bit unit, whereas the optical signal obtained by the conversion in a downstream optical transmitter is an optical amplitude modulation signal to change the intensity of an optical source with respect to an amplitude of an RF signal. + +The signal converted to an optical signal may be transmitted to a splitter through an optical cable after being amplified in an erbium-doped fibre amplifier (EDFA), and the signal, split at a rate of 1:N in the splitter, may be input to an optical network terminal (ONT) located on a customer's premise. + +In the case of an ONT on a customer's premise, in addition to a function of the ONT used for PON-based optical communications, functions of restoring an optically modulated downstream RF signal and transmitting the signal through a coaxial cable and of detecting an upstream RF signal to be output from the cable modem or the set-top box (STB), digitizing the detected signal, and transmitting the digitized signal via an IP packet [ITU-T J.222.1, ITU-T J.222.2] may be added. It is the RoIP terminal. + +Unlike the downstream RF signal, the upstream RF signal is converted into a digital signal by the RoIP terminal and transmits it formed of IP packets over the IP networks (i.e., xPON networks). + +In the RoIP headend, the digital signal included in the received IP packet is recovered and the original analogue RF signal is transmitted to the CMTS. + +For the purpose of transmitting the upstream signal by the CM during the time interval allocated from the CMTS, it should be synchronized among CMTS, RoIP headend, RoIP terminal and CM. + +![Figure 1 – System architecture for radio over Internet protocol. The diagram shows the flow of signals from a 'Digital cable broadcasting headend' to a 'Subscriber'. Inside the headend, 'TV service channels' are combined and sent to an 'E/O converter' to produce an optical signal (λ1 cable TV). A 'CMTS' sends RF signals to a 'RoIP headend', which converts them to IP packets (λ2 IP down). A 'PON OLT' sends IP packets (λ3 IP up) to an 'OMUX'. The 'OMUX' combines the optical signal and IP packets into an 'Optical cable TV network'. From the network, multiple 'RoIP terminal' units are connected to 'Subscribers'. Each subscriber contains a 'CM' (Cable Modem) and an 'STB with CM' (Set-Top Box with Cable Modem). An 'Upstream IP return' path is shown from the subscriber's RoIP terminal back to the headend's RoIP headend.](dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg) + +Figure 1 – System architecture for radio over Internet protocol. The diagram shows the flow of signals from a 'Digital cable broadcasting headend' to a 'Subscriber'. Inside the headend, 'TV service channels' are combined and sent to an 'E/O converter' to produce an optical signal (λ1 cable TV). A 'CMTS' sends RF signals to a 'RoIP headend', which converts them to IP packets (λ2 IP down). A 'PON OLT' sends IP packets (λ3 IP up) to an 'OMUX'. The 'OMUX' combines the optical signal and IP packets into an 'Optical cable TV network'. From the network, multiple 'RoIP terminal' units are connected to 'Subscribers'. Each subscriber contains a 'CM' (Cable Modem) and an 'STB with CM' (Set-Top Box with Cable Modem). An 'Upstream IP return' path is shown from the subscriber's RoIP terminal back to the headend's RoIP headend. + +**Figure 1 – System architecture for radio over Internet protocol** + +The RoIP system, including the RoIP headend and RoIP terminal, greatly reduces implementation costs for optical modulation as transmitting upstream RF signals in the optical-based cable TV networks, and it is also possible to reuse existing RF-based broadcasting equipment (e.g., STB, CMTS) operating in the cable-based cable TV networks. + +# 7 Functional architecture + +## 7.1 RoIP terminal + +As the upstream RF signal is output from the CM or STB, the RoIP terminal detects the RF signal. The RoIP terminal performs an analog to digital conversion (ADC) on the detected RF signal to digitize the analog RF signal. + +The RoIP terminal converts the detected digitized RF signal to the IP packet and transmits it to the headend. + +Since upstream traffic transmission is performed through time division multiple access (TDMA), accurate timing synchronization in the network may be necessary. Thus, the timing synchronization between the RoIP terminal, located on the subscriber side, and the RoIP headend may be performed using a network synchronization protocol. + +Timing information corresponding to the time when the upstream RF burst signal, output from the STB and CM, is input to the RoIP terminal after timing synchronization is obtained, is digitized and transmitted as an IP packet when the RF signal is transmitted. + +After receiving the corresponding IP packet from the RoIP headend and checking timing information, all packets have a predetermined delay time and will generate and output an RF signal again. The CMTS then receives the upstream RF signal at the time assigned to each STB or CM. + +![Figure 2 – Architecture for radio over Internet protocol terminal. The diagram shows the internal components of a RoIP terminal and its connections. On the left, an external 'RoIP headend' is connected via 'IP data' to an 'IP access interface' inside the terminal. The 'IP access interface' connects to a 'DOCSIS downstream MAC/PHY module' and a 'Burst data processing module'. The 'DOCSIS downstream MAC/PHY module' is connected to a 'RoIP terminal control module' and a 'DOCSIS timing processing module'. The 'RoIP terminal control module' is connected to an 'RF access interface' and the 'Upstream burst receive module'. The 'DOCSIS timing processing module' is connected to the 'Upstream burst receive module'. The 'Upstream burst receive module' is connected to the 'RF access interface'. The 'RF access interface' is connected to an external 'CM' (Cable Modem) via 'RF data'. The entire internal structure is labeled 'RoIP terminal' at the bottom. A reference code 'J.1107(18)_F02' is in the bottom right corner.](daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg) + +Figure 2 – Architecture for radio over Internet protocol terminal. The diagram shows the internal components of a RoIP terminal and its connections. On the left, an external 'RoIP headend' is connected via 'IP data' to an 'IP access interface' inside the terminal. The 'IP access interface' connects to a 'DOCSIS downstream MAC/PHY module' and a 'Burst data processing module'. The 'DOCSIS downstream MAC/PHY module' is connected to a 'RoIP terminal control module' and a 'DOCSIS timing processing module'. The 'RoIP terminal control module' is connected to an 'RF access interface' and the 'Upstream burst receive module'. The 'DOCSIS timing processing module' is connected to the 'Upstream burst receive module'. The 'Upstream burst receive module' is connected to the 'RF access interface'. The 'RF access interface' is connected to an external 'CM' (Cable Modem) via 'RF data'. The entire internal structure is labeled 'RoIP terminal' at the bottom. A reference code 'J.1107(18)\_F02' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 2 – Architecture for radio over Internet protocol terminal** + +As shown in Figure 2, the RoIP terminal consists of the following five modules: + +- 1) DOCSIS downstream MAC/PHY module: demodulates the downstream signals transmitted from headend devices (e.g., CMTS) to cable terminal devices (e.g., CM, STB) and processes several multicast management messages (e.g., SYNC, UCD, MAP) procedures. +- 2) Upstream burst receive module: detects the upstream analog RF signal output from cable terminal devices (e.g., CM, STB), obtains the time that the RF signal is detected, converts it into a baseband digital signal, and transmits the converted signal with the obtained time to the DOCSIS timing processing module. +- 3) DOCSIS timing processing module: synchronizes the RoIP terminal with the RoIP headend using the RF upstream signal detection time of the cable terminal devices (e.g., CM, STB) and the bandwidth allocation information of the downstream multicast management messages. +- 4) Burst data processing module: compresses the baseband digital signal output from the upstream burst receive module and generates IP frames with information of the detected time and transmits it to IP networks. +- 5) RoIP terminal control module: analyzes information from the upstream channel and burst of the DOCSIS downstream MAC/PHY module, transmits it to upstream burst receive module. Gathers the status information of modules in the RoIP terminal and manages configuration of the modules. + +## 7.2 RoIP headend + +The digitized RF signal transmitted to the headend is input to the RoIP headend after passing through the OLT, an apparatus inside the RoIP headend connected to the IP networks (e.g., router, switch). + +The RoIP headend reconstructs the original analog RF signal, sent from the cable network terminals, by receiving the digitized RF signal and performing a digital to analog conversion (DAC). The RoIP headend restores the reconstructed original RF signal and outputs it to the CMTS. + +The CMTS treats receiving the reconstructed RF signal from the RoIP headend as receiving a signal from the CM or STB at the allocated time by itself. + +![Figure 3 – Architecture for radio over Internet protocol headend. The diagram shows the internal components of the RoIP headend and its connection to an external RoIP terminal. Inside the headend, an 'RF QAM' input connects to an 'RF access interface'. This interface connects to a 'DOCSIS upstream MAC/PHY module' and an 'Upstream RF transmission module'. The 'DOCSIS upstream MAC/PHY module' connects to a 'RoIP headend control module' and the 'Upstream RF transmission module'. The 'RoIP headend control module' connects to an 'IP access interface' and the 'Upstream burst scheduling module'. The 'Upstream RF transmission module' connects to the 'Upstream burst scheduling module', which in turn connects to the 'Upstream receive and reconstruction module'. The 'Upstream receive and reconstruction module' connects to the 'IP access interface'. The 'IP access interface' connects to an external 'RoIP terminal' via 'IP data' lines. The entire internal structure is labeled 'RoIP headend' at the bottom. A reference code 'J.1107(18)_F03' is in the bottom right corner.](d26959f4514c26ca19c3d6f00da85956_img.jpg) + +Figure 3 – Architecture for radio over Internet protocol headend. The diagram shows the internal components of the RoIP headend and its connection to an external RoIP terminal. Inside the headend, an 'RF QAM' input connects to an 'RF access interface'. This interface connects to a 'DOCSIS upstream MAC/PHY module' and an 'Upstream RF transmission module'. The 'DOCSIS upstream MAC/PHY module' connects to a 'RoIP headend control module' and the 'Upstream RF transmission module'. The 'RoIP headend control module' connects to an 'IP access interface' and the 'Upstream burst scheduling module'. The 'Upstream RF transmission module' connects to the 'Upstream burst scheduling module', which in turn connects to the 'Upstream receive and reconstruction module'. The 'Upstream receive and reconstruction module' connects to the 'IP access interface'. The 'IP access interface' connects to an external 'RoIP terminal' via 'IP data' lines. The entire internal structure is labeled 'RoIP headend' at the bottom. A reference code 'J.1107(18)\_F03' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 3 – Architecture for radio over Internet protocol headend** + +As shown in Figure 3, the RoIP headend consists of the following five modules: + +- 1) DOCSIS upstream MAC/PHY module: synchronizes with the time of CMTS so that the upstream burst data received from the RoIP terminal can be transmitted according to the time set in the CMTS. +- 2) Upstream receive and reconstruction module: extracts digitized upstream RF signals sent by the RoIP terminal in the received IP packets and decompresses if the digital data has been compressed by the RoIP terminal. +- 3) Upstream burst scheduling module: performs the function to transmit the recovered upstream RF burst data sent by the RoIP terminal to the CMTS at the bandwidth designated by the CMTS. +- 4) Upstream RF transmission module: performs the function of converting the digitized upstream RF signal sent by the RoIP terminal into an analog RF signal at the frequency and speed specified by the CMTS and then transmitting it. +- 5) RoIP headend control module: handles DOCSIS message processing procedures required for network synchronization, manages the control and status information for modules configuring the RoIP headend, and provides user interface functions for operators. + +# 8 Service flow + +Figure 4 shows the service flow of RoIP service including RoIP headend and RoIP terminal. + +![Sequence diagram showing the service flow of radio over Internet protocol service. It is divided into two main phases: Initialization process and Data transmission process. The participants are CMTS, RoIP headend, RoIP terminal, and CM. The diagram shows the flow of DOCSIS downstream and upstream signals, ranging, clock synchronization, and IP packet transmission between the headend and terminal.](d4af765160d04ecef538e5066006dc77_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the service flow of radio over Internet protocol (RoIP) service across four entities: CMTS, RoIP headend, RoIP terminal, and CM. It is organized into two primary phases: + +- Initialization process:** + - The CMTS sends a **DOCSIS downstream** signal to the RoIP headend. + - The RoIP headend performs **Clock synchronization** and **MAP/UCD parsing**. + - A **Ranging process** occurs between the CMTS and the RoIP headend, involving a **Ranging request** and **Ranging response**. + - The RoIP headend then performs **Network time synchronization**. + - The RoIP terminal also performs **Clock synchronization** and **MAP/UCD parsing** using the **Preamble pattern from UCD**. + - The CM receives **US allocation Info. from MAP** from the RoIP terminal. +- Data transmission process:** + - The CM sends a **DOCSIS upstream** signal to the RoIP terminal. + - The RoIP terminal processes this through **RF signal digitization**, **Burst RF Sig. detection/time Info. acquisition**, **Compression**, **Time compensation**, **IP packetization**, and **Send RF Sig. encapsulated in IP**. + - The RoIP terminal sends an **IP transmission** to the RoIP headend. + - The RoIP headend processes this through **IP data depacketization**, **Getting signal sending time**, **Decompression**, **RF Sig. Reconstruction**, **RF scheduling**, and **DA converting/RF out**. + - The RoIP headend then sends a **DOCSIS upstream** signal to the CMTS. + - Various information flows are indicated, such as **Burst time Info.**, **Detection time/burst type**, **US allocation Info. from MAP**, and **Network time**. + +Sequence diagram showing the service flow of radio over Internet protocol service. It is divided into two main phases: Initialization process and Data transmission process. The participants are CMTS, RoIP headend, RoIP terminal, and CM. The diagram shows the flow of DOCSIS downstream and upstream signals, ranging, clock synchronization, and IP packet transmission between the headend and terminal. + +J.1107(18)\_F04 + +Figure 4 – Service flow of radio over Internet protocol service + +## 8.1 Initialization process + +### 8.1.1 RoIP headend + +#### 8.1.1.1 INIT-RoIP headend-01: clock synchronization + +The RoIP headend synchronizes the local clock using the timestamp value included in the SYNC message of the DOCSIS downstream transmitted from the CMTS. + +#### 8.1.1.2 INIT-RoIP headend-02: MAP/UCD parsing + +The RoIP headend interprets the header information in the MAC management message frame of the DOCSIS downstream and gets the channel information, preamble information of each burst type and + +upstream bandwidth allocation information in order to reschedule the upstream RF burst signal from the MAP/UCD. + +#### **8.1.1.3 INIT-RoIP headend-03: ranging process** + +The RoIP headend performs the DOCSIS ranging procedure on the upstream channels allowed to be used between the RoIP headend and the CMTS. + +#### **8.1.1.4 INIT-RoIP headend-04: network time synchronization** + +The RoIP headend performs network time synchronization after performing the ranging procedure. + +### **8.1.2 RoIP terminal** + +#### **8.1.2.1 INIT-RoIP terminal-01: clock synchronization** + +The RoIP terminal synchronizes the local clock using the timestamp value in the SYNC message of the DOCSIS downstream transmitted from the CMTS. + +#### **8.1.2.2 INIT-RoIP terminal-02: MAP/UCD parsing** + +The RoIP terminal interprets the header information in the MAC management message frame of the DOCSIS downstream and gets the channel information, preamble information of each burst type and upstream bandwidth allocation information from the MAP/UCD in order to receive the upstream RF burst signal from the CM. + +## **8.2 Data transmission process** + +### **8.2.1 RoIP terminal** + +#### **8.2.1.1 DT-RoIP terminal-01: RF signal digitization** + +The RoIP terminal converts the upstream RF burst signal to a digital signal. + +#### **8.2.1.2 DT-RoIP terminal-02: burst RF signal detection/time info. acquisition** + +The RoIP terminal detects the upstream RF burst signal transmitted from the CM using the preamble pattern obtained from the UCD, and acquires the clock time and determines burst type at detection time. + +#### **8.2.1.3 DT-RoIP terminal-03: compression** + +The RoIP terminal may compress the upstream burst signal converted into a digital signal. + +#### **8.2.1.4 DT-RoIP terminal-04: time compensation** + +The RoIP terminal estimates and compensates a transmission time of the upstream RF burst signal using the obtained clock time of the upstream RF burst signal, the determined burst type information, and the upstream band allocation information. + +#### **8.2.1.5 DT-RoIP terminal-05: IP packetization** + +The RoIP terminal packetizes the digitized upstream RF burst signal and the compensated transmission time information to IP packets. + +#### **8.2.1.6 DT-RoIP terminal-06: send RF signal encapsulated in IP** + +The RoIP terminal transmits the upstream RF burst signal encapsulated in the IP packet. + +### **8.2.2 RoIP headend** + +#### **8.2.2.1 DT-RoIP headend-01: IP data depacketization** + +The RoIP headend extracts the upstream RF burst signal in the received IP packets from the RoIP terminal. + +#### **8.2.2.2 DT-RoIP headend-02: getting signal sending time** + +The RoIP headend gets the transmitted time information of the upstream RF burst signal by the CM from the received IP packet. + +#### **8.2.2.3 DT-RoIP headend-03: decompression** + +The RoIP headend is required to perform decompression procedures as the RoIP terminal performs compression. + +#### **8.2.2.4 DT-RoIP headend-04: RF signal reconstruction** + +The RoIP headend reconstructs the original digitized upstream RF burst signal from the received IP packets. + +#### **8.2.2.5 DT-RoIP headend-05: RF scheduling** + +The RoIP headend schedules the sending time of the reconstructed upstream RF signal using the upstream allocation information and the transmission time of the extracted upstream RF burst signal. + +#### **8.2.2.6 DT-RoIP headend-06: DA converting/RF out** + +The RoIP headend converts the digital upstream RF burst signal to an analogue RF burst signal and sends it to the CMTS in the cable network. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-1 2008] American National Standards Institute/Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers, ANSI/SCTE 135-1 (2008), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 1: Physical layer specification.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-2 2008] American National Standards Institute/Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers, ANSI/SCTE 135-2 (2008), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 2: MAC and upper layer protocols.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-4 2008] American National Standards Institute/Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers, ANSI/SCTE 135-4 (2008), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 4: Operations support systems interface.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-5 2009] American National Standards Institute/Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers, ANSI/SCTE 135-5 (2009), *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 5: Cable modem to customer premise equipment interface.* + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1108-201901-I_PDF-E/a3dc41dc3df86ea68d266af2bf95cf5b_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1108-201901-I_PDF-E/a3dc41dc3df86ea68d266af2bf95cf5b_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ca0dce65df64f4fb10a81b8f87284f793e4b1d3d --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1108-201901-I_PDF-E/a3dc41dc3df86ea68d266af2bf95cf5b_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:e92e387e62cb6d86114f61d012b89bb4f66ab5171494a2177d9dfd36f6a2a566 +size 4206 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1108-201901-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1108-201901-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..24af4ac58dee2a3fac3db41d56768950b9ce99ff --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1108-201901-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,238 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1108** + +(01/2019) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Switched digital video over cable networks + +# --- **Transmission specification for radio over IP transmission systems** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1108 + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.1108 + +# Transmission specification for radio over IP transmission systems + +## Summary + +As cable TV network is migrating to deep fibre or fibre to the home (FTTH) architecture, it is now possible and easy to provide bidirectional high quality media services that require very high speed digital transmission of various high quality contents. Cable TV networks provide services by transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals between headend and cable modems (CM), the configuration and devices of cable TV networks are optimized for RF signal transmission. For the migration of all-fibre access cable TV networks, the existing network devices of service operators (SOs) providing broadcasting services and various data services through the hybrid fibre coaxial (HFC) based cable TV network is recommended to change into the new network devices. Therefore, a cost-effective solution for deployable and acceptable migration toward an optic-based cable TV network is required. + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1108 provides a cost-effective adaptable solution for HFC-based cable TV network devices in an optic-based cable TV network. The purpose of a radio over IP (RoIP) system is to transmit data over cable service interface specifications (DOCSIS) based up stream (US) RF signals of a cable modem (CM) to a cable modem termination system (CMTS) through IP transmission in optic-based cable TV networks. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1108 | 2019-01-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13838 | + +## Keywords + +Radio over IP, RoIP. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2019 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Overview..... | 2 | +| 7 Functional architecture ..... | 3 | +| 8 Timing processing specification ..... | 3 | +| Bibliography..... | 4 | + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.1108 + +# Transmission specification for radio over IP transmission systems + +## 1 Scope + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1108 describes the transmission specification for a radio over IP (RoIP) transmission system in a hybrid fibre coaxial (HFC) based network. The architecture described in this Recommendation is defined according to [ITU-T J.1106]. The transmission specifications described in this Recommendation are defined as follows: + +- Radio over IP terminal system. +- Radio over IP headend system. + +The most important part of the RoIP transmission system is having the correct network timing synchronization between the RoIP headend and RoIP terminal. The transmission specifications described in this Recommendation are defined in the timing processing specification. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.210] Recommendation ITU-T J.210 (2006), *Downstream RF interface for cable modem termination systems*. +- [ITU-T J.222.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.1 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Physical layer specification*. +- [ITU-T J.222.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and Upper Layer protocols*. +- [ITU-T J.1106] Recommendation ITU-T J.1106 (2017), *Requirement for radio over IP transmission system*. +- [ITU-T J.1107] Recommendation ITU-T J.1107 (2011), *Architecture and specification for radio over IP transmission systems*. + +## 3 Definitions + +### 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following term defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 local clock** [b-ITU-T X.743]: The collection of hardware and software that comprises a local source of time for a system. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|--------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMTS | Cable Modem Termination System | +| DOCSIS | Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications | +| DS | Down Stream | +| E/O | Electric to Optic | +| FTTH | Fibre To The Home | +| HFC | Hybrid Fibre Coaxial | +| OLT | Optical Line Terminal | +| OMUX | Optical Multiplexer | +| PON | Passive Optical Network | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| RoIP | Radio over IP | +| SO | Service Operator | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| US | Up Stream | + +## 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "is required to" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "can optionally" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +## 6 Overview + +The overview is defined according to clause 6 of [ITU-T J.1106]. + +## 7 Functional architecture + +The functional architecture is defined according to clause 7 of [ITU-T J.1107]. + +## 8 Timing processing specification + +It is important to synchronize upstream data based on the data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS) with the existing cable network through the optical IP network (i.e., xPON networks). The most important part of the RoIP transmission system is having the correct network timing synchronization between the RoIP headend and RoIP terminal. + +Since many cable modems (CMs) on the subscriber side share one physical medium, it is required to transmit data according to a synchronous time-division multiplexing method, that is, the CMs are required to transmit data during time slots allocated by the cable modem termination system (CMTS). In the uplink band, the collision avoidance time of the allocated band between the terminals is 1us or less and very strict timing synchronization is required. In order to operate the RoIP transmission system, accurate timing synchronization between the terminal and the headend is required. Specifically, it is necessary to establish synchronization between the IP network and a mixed heterogeneous network, not a single RF network. + +Therefore, the following requirements are required to perform the function of timing processing. + +**TIME-REQ-01:** The RoIP terminal for terminal access network synchronization is required to synchronize the local clock which is adjusted to the CMTS reference clock using the timestamp in the SYNC message coming from the CMTS. + +**TIME-REQ-02:** The RoIP terminal for terminal access network synchronization is required to acquire burst time information. + +**TIME-REQ-03:** The RoIP terminal for terminal access network synchronization is required to estimate and compensate a transmission time. + +**TIME-REQ-04:** The RoIP terminal for detection and acquisition of transmission RF burst is required to store the acquisition time information. + +**TIME-REQ-05:** The RoIP terminal for IP network access is required to transmit the transmitted RF burst and the acquired time information. + +**TIME-REQ-06:** The RoIP headend for headend access network synchronization is required to synchronize the local clock which is adjusted to the CM reference clock using MAP information during DOCSIS ranging. + +**TIME-REQ-07:** The RoIP headend for headend access network synchronization is required to acquire the synchronized time information. + +**TIME-REQ-08:** The RoIP headend for RF signal scheduling of IP network interworking is required to acquire burst time information. + +**TIME-REQ-09:** The RoIP headend for RF signal scheduling of IP network interworking is required to schedule the received burst. + +**TIME-REQ-10:** The RoIP headend for RF signal reconstruction is required to reconstruct RF compressed signal. + +**TIME-REQ-11:** The RoIP headend for RF signal reconstruction is required to transform Digital to Analogue and frequency band. + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T X.743] Recommendation ITU-T X.743 (1998), *Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management: Time Management Function.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-1] ANSI/SCTE 135-1 2013, *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 1: Physical Layer Specification.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-2] ANSI/SCTE 135-2 2013, *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 2: MAC and Upper Layer Protocols.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-4] ANSI/SCTE 135-4 2013, *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 4: Operations Support Systems Interface.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 135-5] ANSI/SCTE 135-5 2013, *DOCSIS 3.0 Part 5: Cable Modem to Customer Premise Equipment Interface.* + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1112-202307-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1112-202307-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f2be5d26ed170b71983bd69b5881a8d99a27a0cc --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1112-202307-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ + + +# Recommendation**ITU-T J.112 (07/2023)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, +sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Switched digital video over cable networks + +## --- **Functional requirements for IP-based digital video convergence service** + +![ITU logo](0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the bottom right corner. It features a blue globe with white grid lines and the letters 'ITU' in a bold, blue, sans-serif font. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +## Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +### Recommendation ITU-T J.1112 + +## Functional requirements for an IP-based digital video convergence service + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1112 specifies functional requirements of a digital video convergence service (DVCS) based on the Internet protocol (IP) including IP-based switched digital video technologies taking into consideration a convergence environment. + +As digital broadcasting services have been rapidly deployed, many service operators are considering more effective transmission of digital broadcasting services. Recently, digital broadcasting services have been changed to use resources efficiently and transmit them to easily accommodate the varying needs and environments of subscribers. Therefore, it is necessary to redefine the advanced IP-based DVCS to maintain quality of service (QoS) and using bandwidth effectively for transmission on broadband network environment. + +The IP-based DVCS is a service mechanism for distributing digital video via IP-based broadband networks. It is the service mechanism for providing interfaces and functionalities to enable the service operators to offer QoS-guaranteed broadcasting to subscribers via IP-based converged broadband networks. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1112 | 2023-07-14 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/15582 | + +## Keywords + +Digital broadcasting, digital video convergence service, IP. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2023 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 1 | +| 6 Overview..... | 2 | +| 7 DVCS transmission function ..... | 2 | +| 8 DVCS transmission control function..... | 3 | + + + +### Recommendation ITU-T J.1112 + +### Functional requirements for IP-based digital video convergence service + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies functional requirements of a digital video convergence service (DVCS) based on the Internet protocol (IP) taking into consideration a converged broadband environment. The functionalities described in this Recommendation are specified according to [ITU-T J.1111]. The IP-based DVCS takes into consideration a converged environment as the service mechanism for providing interfaces and functionalities to enable service operators to offer quality of service-guaranteed broadcasting. It is a service mechanism for distributing digital video via IP-based broadband networks considering convergence service. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.1111] Recommendation ITU-T J.1111 (2022), *Requirements for the advanced IP-based digital video convergence service*. + +## 3 Definitions + +None. + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +DVCS        Digital Video Convergence Service + +IP            Internet Protocol + +## 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The phrase "**is required**" indicates a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The phrase "**is recommended**" indicates a requirement that is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The phrase "**is prohibited**" indicates a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The phrase "**can optionally**" indicates an optional requirement that is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator or service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In this Recommendation, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should* and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required*, *is prohibited*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or verbal forms in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +## 6 Overview + +A DVCS should be able to incorporate functions for transmission and its control. The DVCS transmission function should be able to generate transmission information for the convergence service and generate configuration information of a service delivered to a transmission network such as a broadcasting or communication network according to the transmission information. The DVCS transmission function should be able to receive the content for the DVCS conforming to the media storage standard format. In addition, it should be possible to create a segment suitable for convergence transmission based on the received content, packetize it into a form suitable for convergence transmission protocol, and generate related metadata. The DVCS transmission control function should be able to determine the operation policy so that the convergence service can be transmitted based on information about service use and information related to service operation. In addition, it should be possible to coordinate system parameters related to interworking relationships between convergence services and efficient service transmission. The DVCS transmission control function should be able to receive service usage information from the convergence transmission receiver and determine the service transmission method by reflecting the transmission network usage status of the receiver, network load and characteristics of the service to be transmitted. + +## 7 DVCS transmission function + +7.1 [DVCS-TR-FSPEC-001] The DVCS transmission function is recommended to receive convergence service contents in the form of standard media file formats from the file system. + +7.2 [DVCS-TR-FSPEC-002] The DVCS transmission function is recommended to receive convergence service configuration information and metadata from the convergence transmission control function. + +7.3 [DVCS-TR-FSPEC-003] The DVCS transmission function is recommended to receive parameters for signalling and multiplexing from the convergence transmission control function. + +7.4 [DVCS-TR-FSPEC-004] The DVCS transmission function is recommended to transmit the packetized media transport stream. + +7.5 [DVCS-TR-FSPEC-005] The DVCS transmission function is recommended to transmit the signalling data. + +## 8 DVCS transmission control function + +8.1 [DVCS-TC-FSPEC-001] The DVCS transmission control function is recommended to efficiently operate network and control services. + +8.2 [DVCS-TC-FSPEC-002] The DVCS transmission control function is recommended to generate data and control information required for service signalling related to transmission. + +8.3 [DVCS-TC-FSPEC-003] The DVCS transmission control function is recommended to coordinate system parameters related to efficient service delivery. + +8.4 [DVCS-TC-FSPEC-004] The DVCS transmission control function is recommended to determine a service transmission method by receiving service use information from the receiver and reflecting the receiver's transmission network usage status, network load, and characteristics of the service to be transmitted. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1201-202201-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1201-202201-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9c9dab03f0d77bbd5f7bac7b3b17088aab3ecc40 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1201-202201-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,391 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1201** + +(01/2022) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Smart TV operating system + +--- + +**Smart television operating system – Functional +requirements** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1201 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1201 + +## Smart television operating system – Functional requirements + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1201 specifies the functional requirements for a smart television operating system (TVOS) over integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB) cable networks. A smart TVOS is intended to be installed in an IBB-capable cable set top box (STB) and television (TV) and to enable broadcasting and interactive services based on the Internet protocol (IP) provided by cable TV operators and third parties. By running a smart TVOS, the IBB-capable cable STB and TV are able to intelligently provide subscribers with advanced and personalized services by downloading and installing advanced and personalized apps from the platforms of cable operators and third parties, which are interconnected with them. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1201 | 2019-01-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13840 | +| 2.0 | ITU-T J.1201 | 2022-01-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/14871 | + +## Keywords + +Functional requirements, smart TV operating system, TVOS. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2022 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 General requirements..... | 4 | +| 6.1 System functional requirements ..... | 4 | +| 6.2 System architecture requirements..... | 5 | +| 6.3 Software code tree requirements ..... | 5 | +| 6.4 System interface requirements ..... | 5 | +| 6.5 System security requirements..... | 6 | +| 6.6 Performance requirements..... | 7 | +| Bibliography..... | 8 | + +# Introduction + +This Recommendation is the first in a series on a smart television operating system (TVOS). The Recommendations for this smart TVOS cover functional requirements, architecture, and security and application programming interfaces (APIs): + +Smart television operating system – Functional requirements (ITU-T J.1201) + +Smart television operating system – Architecture [b-ITU-T J.1202] + +Smart television operating system – Specification [b-ITU-T J.1203] + +Smart television operating system – Security framework [b-ITU-T J.1204] + +Smart television operating system – Hardware abstract layer application programming interface [b-ITU-T J.1205] + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.1201 + +## Smart television operating system – Functional requirements + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies functional requirements for a smart television operating system (TVOS) over integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB) cable networks. The smart TVOS is intended to be installed in an IBB-capable cable set top box (STB) and TV and to enable broadcasting and interactive services based on the Internet protocol (IP) provided by cable TV operators and third-parties. By running the smart TVOS, the IBB-capable cable STB and TV are able to intelligently provide subscribers with advanced and personalized services by downloading and installing advanced and personalized apps from the platforms of cable operators and third-parties that are interconnected with them. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.205] Recommendation ITU-T J.205 (2012), *Requirements for an application control framework using integrated broadcast and broadband digital television*. +- [ITU-T J.218] Recommendation ITU-T J.218 (2007), *Cable modem IPv4 and IPv6 eRouter specification*. +- [ITU-T J.295] Recommendation ITU-T J.295 (2012), *Functional requirements for a hybrid cable set-top box*. +- [ECMA 262] ECMA-262 (2021), *ECMAScript® 2021 language specification*. +- [W3C CSS2.1] W3C CSS2.1 (2011), *Cascading style sheets level 2 revision 1 (CSS 2.1) specification*. +- [W3C DOM2 Core] W3C DOM2 Core (2030), *Document object model (DOM) level 2 core specification*. +- [W3C DOM2 Events] W3C DOM2 Events (2020), *Document object model (DOM) level 2 events specification*. +- [W3C DOM2 HTML] W3C DOM2 HTML (2020), *Document object model (DOM) level 2 HTML specification*. +- [W3C DOM2 Style] W3C DOM2 Style (2020), *Document object model (DOM) level 2 style specification*. +- [W3C DOM2 Trav] W3C DOM2 Traversal and Range (2020), *Document object model (DOM) level 2 traversal and range specification*. +- [W3C DOM2 Views] W3C DOM2 Views (2020), *Document object model (DOM) level 2 views specification*. + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [W3C DOM3 Core] | W3C DOM3 Core (2004), Document object model (DOM) level 3 core specification . | +| [W3C HTML5] | W3C HTML5.2 (2017), HTML5 A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML . | + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB) DTV service** [ITU-T J.205]: A service that simultaneously provides an integrated experience of broadcasting and interactivity relating to media content, data and applications from multiple sources, where the interactivity is sometimes associated with broadcasting programmes. + +**3.1.2 second screen** [ITU-T J.295]: This refers to a display screen of mobile phones or other network-enabled devices that show services associated with the television screen. + +**3.1.3 social television** [ITU-T J.295]: This is a general term for technology that supports communication and social interaction in either the context of watching television, or related to TV content. It includes the study of television-related social behaviour, devices and networks. Social television systems can for example integrate voice communication, text chat, presence and context awareness, TV recommendations, ratings, or video-conferencing with the TV content, either directly on the screen or by using ancillary devices. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 cable digital television service (cable DTV service)**: Any DTV service, delivered through cable. + +**3.2.2 dual-platform version of a smart television operating system (TVOS-C)**: TVOS software that supports both Java and web applications. + +**3.2.3 functional component interface**: An interface for a software module in the functional component layer. + +**3.2.4 hardware abstraction interface**: An interface for a software module in the hardware abstraction layer. + +**3.2.5 rich execution environment (REE)**: An extensible and versatile operating environment that brings flexibility and capability. + +**3.2.6 single-platform version of a smart television operating system (TVOS-H)**: TVOS software that supports only web applications. + +**3.2.7 start-up time**: The interval between power-on and appearance of video and sound for an integrated broadcast and broadband -capable cable set top box and television. + +**3.2.8 smart television operating system (TVOS)**: A system software running on an integrated broadcast and broadband-capable (IBB-capable) cable set top box (STB) and television (TV) that is capable of managing hardware, software and data resources of the IBB-capable cable STB and TV, supporting and controlling the application software execution. + +**3.2.9 trusted execution environment (TEE)**: A secure area of the main processor in an integrated broadcast and broadband-capable cable set top box and television to ensure that sensitive data is stored, processed and protected in an isolated and trusted environment. It offers isolated safe execution of authorized security software providing end-to-end security by enforcement of + +protected execution of authenticated code, confidentiality, authenticity, privacy, system integrity and data access rights. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| API | Application Programming Interface | +| AV | Audio/Video | +| DTV | Digital Television | +| EPG | Electronic Programme Guide | +| HAL | Hardware Abstraction Layer | +| HCI | Human-Computer Interaction | +| IBB | Integrated Broadcast and Broadband | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| JS | JavaScript | +| REE | Rich Execution Environment | +| STB | Set Top Box | +| TEE | Trusted Execution Environment | +| TV | Television | +| TVOS | Television Operating System | +| TVOS-C | dual-platform version of a smart Television Operating System | +| TVOS-H | single-platform version of a smart Television Operating System | +| VOD | Video On Demand | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The phrase "is required to" indicates a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformity with this document is to be claimed. + +The phrase "is recommended" indicates a requirement that is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement needs not be present to claim conformity. + +The phrase "is prohibited from" indicates a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformity with this document is to be claimed. + +The phrase "can optionally" indicates an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator or service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformity with this Recommendation. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended* and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# **6 General requirements** + +## **6.1 System functional requirements** + +#### **6.1.1 Cable digital television service** + +A smart TVOS is required to support playback of the content provided by broadcast DTV services as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. See also [b-GB/T 28160] and [b-ETSI EN 301 192]. + +### **6.1.2 Video-on-demand service** + +A TVOS is required to support playback of the content provided by IP-based video on demand (VOD) and pay-per-view services as specified in [ITU-T J.295], and shall support playback of the content provided by IP quadrature amplitude modulation-based VOD services. + +### **6.1.3 Integrated broadcast and broadband digital television service** + +A TVOS is required to support playback of the content provided by IBB DTV services as specified in [ITU-T J.205]. See also [b-ETSI TS 102 809]. + +#### **6.1.4 Local media playing** + +A TVOS is required to support playback of the medial files stored in the local storage medium of the IBB-capable cable STB and TV. + +#### **6.1.5 Media processing** + +A TVOS media processing is required to support unified media processing of both Java and web-based media applications, and is required to support video and audio decoder as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. See also [b-ISO/IEC 14496-12]. + +#### **6.1.6 Electronic programme guide** + +A TVOS is required to support parsing and presentation of electronic programme guide (EPG) information as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. See also [b-GB/T 28161] and [b-ETSI TS 102 851]. + +#### **6.1.7 Second screen interaction capability** + +A TVOS is required to have second screen interaction capabilities as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. + +#### **6.1.8 Smart home** + +A TVOS is recommended to have smart home capabilities that can identify, establish connection with and control smart home devices. + +#### **6.1.9 Terminal control** + +A TVOS is required to have terminal control capability that can query, count, configure and monitor the information and parameters of the IBB-capable cable STB and TV, and report the information to the terminal control head-end, so that it can configure terminal restart and trigger software upgrade of the IBB-capable cable STB and TV as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. + +#### **6.1.10 Management of subscriber information** + +A TVOS is required to support a gathering function of subscriber information including viewing history and application usage as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. + +#### **6.1.11 Application software support** + +A TVOS-H platform is required to support web applications. A TVOS-C platform is required to support both Java applications and web applications. + +#### **6.1.12 Application management** + +A TVOS is required to support management functions of installation, uninstallation and updating applications through unidirectional broadcast network or IP network. + +#### **6.1.13 Upgrade support** + +A TVOS is required to support secure local system upgrade, and remote system upgrade through unidirectional broadcast network or IP network as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. + +#### **6.1.14 Power saving** + +A TVOS is required to support power saving states of IBB-capable cable STB and TV as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. + +#### **6.1.15 Dual-IPv4/v6 stack** + +A TVOS is required to have a dual-stack function to support both IPv4 and IPv6 as specified in [ITU-T J.218]. + +#### **6.1.16 Social television** + +A TVOS is required to support social TV services as specified in [ITU-T J.295]. + +## **6.2 System architecture requirements** + +A TVOS is required to consist of a REE and TEE. + +A TVOS REE is required to employ a hierarchical and modular software architecture that typically consists of five loosely coupled functional software layers of: kernel; hardware abstraction layer (HAL); functional component; execution environment; and application framework. Each functional software layer shall consist of multiple loosely coupled software modules. A TVOS TEE shall consist of the secure operating system, TEE HAL, and trusted application. + +A TVOS functional component layer is required to support conveniently adding and tailoring components according to system functional requirements and is required to support multiple execution environments. TVOS functional components are required to be independent from each other. + +A TVOS execution environment layer is required to support conveniently adding and tailoring execution environments. TVOS execution environments are required to be independent from each other. Each TVOS execution environment is required to have its own application framework. + +A TVOS application framework layer is required to have independent application frameworks corresponding to execution environments. + +A TVOS is required to support, independently, multiple types of applications such as Java applications and web applications. + +## **6.3 Software code tree requirements** + +The TVOS code is recommended to be managed in a hierarchical manner and should be allocated carefully to create binary code for different platforms easily. + +## **6.4 System interface requirements** + +To provide ease of application development and system extension, a TVOS is required to include application programming interfaces (APIs), functional component interfaces and hardware abstract interfaces. TVOS APIs are used to provide a common application environment for various IBB-capable cable STB and TV implementations; see [b-ETSI TS 102 809]. TVOS functional component interfaces are used to expand IBB-capable cable STB and TV functionalities. + +TVOS hardware abstract interfaces are used to provide facility to extend the hardware of IBB-capable cable STB and TV. These purposes can be achieved by following example structures. + +TVOS APIs include those for the web and Java. + +TVOS Java APIs consist of functional interface units of the Digital Audio Video Council (DAVIC), unidirectional broadcast network access, broadcast protocol processing, bidirectional broadband access, human-computer interaction (HCI), audio/video (AV) setting, media processing, message management and application engine. The Java functional interface units implement Java native interface encapsulation for interfaces of software modules in TVOS functional component layers, and provide Java applications with invocation interfaces in Java object mode, and assist applications in implementing IBB DTV services such as an EPG channel list, and TV programme playing. TVOS Java APIs are recommended to be compatible with Android APIs. + +TVOS web APIs consist of HTML5-related functional interface units and TVOS specific functional interface units. + +The HTML5-related functional interface units support the HTML5 interface [W3C HTML5], cascading style sheet interface [W3C CSS2.1], JavaScript (JS) interface [ECMA 262] and document object model (DOM) interface [W3C DOM3 Core], [W3C DOM2 HTML], [W3C DOM2 Core], [W3C DOM2 Events], [W3C DOM2 Style], [W3C DOM2 Trav], [W3C DOM2 Views]. + +TVOS specific functional interface units consist of unidirectional broadcast network access, broadcast protocol processing, bidirectional broadband access, HCI, AV setting, media processing, message management, application engine, conditional access and broadcast information service units (see [b-ETSI EN 301 192]). + +TVOS specific functional interface units implement JS interface encapsulation for interfaces of software modules in the TVOS functional component layer, and provide web applications with invocation interfaces in JS object mode, and assist applications in implementing IBB DTV services such as an EPG, channel list and TV programme playing. + +There shall be some functional component interfaces that support invocation of the functional interface units of Java and web applications. + +The hardware abstract interfaces mask the lower-layer hardware differences and allow functional components to invoke hardware functions through unified interfaces. + +## 6.5 System security requirements + +TVOS security is required to provide the following aspects: a TVOS security mechanism, security architecture, fundamental security capabilities and basic functionalities. + +A TVOS security mechanism shall include a secure computational mechanism based on a TEE, a secure trust mechanism based on a digital certificate, a secure trust chain verification mechanism based on a secure chipset and hardware trust root as well as a video content protection mechanism based on a secure video path (see [b-OIFR-APP]). + +TVOS security architecture should establish how TVOS fundamental security capabilities can be built and expanded based on TVOS software architecture and the security mechanism, and shall include the protection methods of runtime software security, which determine how TVOS system software and application software can be sandboxed. + +TVOS fundamental security capabilities shall include hardware security, software security, network security, data security (see [b-ISO/IEC 23001-7]) and application security. The hardware security capability shall include a secure storage area and hardware trust root key, and shall support a TEE. + +TVOS basic functionalities shall include content security, service security and payment security. TVOS basic functionalities also shall include secure upgrade and boot based on hardware security. TVOS basic functionalities shall be able continuously to be enhanced and expanded through the + +improvement of TVOS fundamental capabilities and addition of more secure functional components. + +## **6.6 Performance requirements** + +### **6.6.1 Start-up time requirements** + +With typical hardware configuration or computational environment support, a TVOS with basic software settings is recommended to support an IBB-capable cable STB with a time interval between power-on and appearance of the first screen of a few seconds, and a TVOS with basic software settings is recommended to support an IBB-capable cable STB with the minimized start-up time so that viewers' viewing experiences are not impaired. + +#### **6.6.2 Live channel switching time requirements** + +With a typical hardware configuration or computational environment support, a TVOS with basic software settings is recommended to support an IBB-capable cable STB with minimum switchover time between high definition channels. + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.1202] Recommendation ITU-T J.1202 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Architecture*. +- [b-ITU-T J.1203] Recommendation ITU-T J.1203 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Specification*. +- [b-ITU-T J.1204] Recommendation ITU-T J.1204 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Security framework*. +- [b-ITU-T J.1205] Recommendation ITU-T J.1205 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Hardware abstract layer application programming interface*. +- [b-ETSI EN 301 192] ETSI EN 301 192 V1.7.1 (2021), *Digital video broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting*. +- [b-ETSI TS 102 809] ETSI TS 102 809 V1.3.1 (2017), *Digital video broadcasting (DVB); Signalling and carriage of interactive applications and services in hybrid broadcast/broadband environments*. +- [b-ETSI TS 102 851] ETSI TS 102 851 V1.3.1 (2012), *Digital video broadcasting (DVB); Uniform resource identifiers (URI) for DVB systems*. +- [b-GB/T 28160] Chinese standard GB/T 28160-2011, *Specification of electronic programme guide for digital television broadcasting* [in Chinese]. +- [b-GB/T 28161] Chinese standard GB/T 28161-2011, *Specification of service information for digital television broadcasting* [in Chinese]. +- [b-ISO/IEC 14496-12] ISO/IEC 14496-12:2020, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 12: ISO base media file format*. +- [b-ISO/IEC 23001-7] ISO/IEC 23001-7:2016, *Information technology – MPEG systems technologies – Part 7: Common encryption in ISO base media file format files*. +- [b-OIFR-APP] Open IPTV Forum (2014), *OIPF – Release 2 Specification – Volume 7 – Authentication, content protection and service protection V2.3*. + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1206-202401-I_PDF-E/0ab25171ad1d7c83a10209e78d17bd71_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1206-202401-I_PDF-E/0ab25171ad1d7c83a10209e78d17bd71_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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programme and other multimedia signals + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS – PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) – PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION – PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) – PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION – PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) – PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) – PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1206 + +# Smart television operating system – Application programming interface + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1206 specifies the application programming interface of a smart television (TV) operating system over integrated broadcast and broadband cable networks. A smart TV operating system is intended to be installed in an integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB)-capable cable set-top box (STB) and TV and to enable broadcasting and IP-based interactive services provided by cable television operators and third-party providers. By running a smart TV operating system, the IBB-capable cable STB and TV will be able to intelligently provide subscribers with advanced and personalized services by downloading and installing advanced and personalized applications from cable operators' platforms and third-party platforms, which are interconnected with the related cable operators' platforms. + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1206 specifies the application programming interface of a smart TV operating system over integrated broadcast and broadband cable networks, including Java application programming interface and web application programming interface, and conforms to the requirements of Recommendations ITU-T J.1201 and Recommendation ITU-T J.1202. More information can be found in the Recommendations about the specification (Recommendation ITU-T J.1203), security framework (Recommendation ITU-T J.1204) and hardware abstract layer (HAL) interface (Recommendation ITU-T J.1205) of smart TV operating system. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1206 | 2024-01-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/15802 | + +## Keywords + +Application programming interface, API, broadband cable, smart TV. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2024 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation ..... | 1 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 | Interface overview ..... | 3 | +| 6.1 | Introduction ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 | TVOS JAVA application programming interface ..... | 3 | +| 6.3 | TVOS WEB application programming interface ..... | 21 | +| 7 | Invocation mechanism ..... | 29 | +| | Annex A – JAVA-unidirectional broadcast network access unit ..... | 30 | +| A.1 | Overview ..... | 30 | +| A.2 | Tuning and demodulation module..... | 30 | +| | Annex B – JAVA-Broadcast protocol processing unit ..... | 43 | +| B.1 | Overview ..... | 43 | +| B.2 | MPEG object definition module..... | 43 | +| B.3 | DVB object definition module ..... | 49 | +| B.4 | SECTION filter module ..... | 51 | +| B.5 | URL package module ..... | 72 | +| B.6 | DVB locator module..... | 73 | +| B.7 | Broadcast protocol processing module..... | 77 | +| | Annex C – JAVA-Two-way broadband network access unit ..... | 110 | +| C.1 | Overview ..... | 110 | +| C.2 | Ethernet management module ..... | 110 | +| C.3 | WiFi management module ..... | 116 | +| | Annex D – JAVA-Human-computer interaction unit ..... | 123 | +| D.1 | Overview ..... | 123 | +| D.2 | Human-computer interaction module..... | 123 | +| | Annex E – JAVA-AV setting unit ..... | 145 | +| E.1 | Overview ..... | 145 | +| E.2 | AV setting module..... | 145 | +| | Annex F – JAVA-Media processing unit..... | 161 | +| F.1 | Overview ..... | 161 | +| F.2 | Media processing module..... | 161 | +| | Annex G – System management unit..... | 179 | +| G.1 | Overview ..... | 179 | +| G.2 | System management module ..... | 179 | + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| G.3 OTA upgrade module ..... | 194 | +| G.4 Storage management module ..... | 197 | +| Annex H – JAVA-application engine unit..... | 202 | +| H.1 Overview ..... | 202 | +| H.2 Channel scan module..... | 202 | +| H.3 Electronic Program Guide Module..... | 208 | +| H.4 Information search module..... | 220 | +| Annex I – JAVA-multi-screen interactive unit ..... | 251 | +| I.1 Overview ..... | 251 | +| I.2 Multi-screen interactive module..... | 251 | +| Annex J – JAVA-DRM management unit ..... | 262 | +| J.1 Overview ..... | 262 | +| J.2 DRM management module..... | 262 | +| Annex K – JAVA-DCAS management unit ..... | 266 | +| K.1 Overview ..... | 266 | +| K.2 CAS descrambling module..... | 266 | +| K.3 CAS control module ..... | 278 | +| K.4 CAS message module..... | 285 | +| K.5 CAS listener module..... | 288 | +| Annex L – JavaScript-Unidirectional broadcast network access unit..... | 292 | +| L.1 Overview ..... | 292 | +| L.2 Tuning and demodulation module..... | 292 | +| Annex M – JavaScript-Broadcast protocol processing unit..... | 309 | +| M.1 Overview ..... | 309 | +| M.2 DVB protocol processing module ..... | 309 | +| Annex N – JavaScript-Two-way broadband network access unit ..... | 331 | +| N.1 Overview ..... | 331 | +| N.2 Broadband network setting module..... | 331 | +| Annex O – JavaScript-Human-computer interaction unit..... | 343 | +| O.1 Overview ..... | 343 | +| O.2 User input module ..... | 343 | +| O.3 Front panel output module..... | 344 | +| Annex P JavaScript-AV setting unit ..... | 347 | +| P.1 Overview ..... | 347 | +| P.2 Audio and video parameter setting module..... | 347 | +| Annex Q – JavaScript-Media processing unit..... | 359 | +| Q.1 Overview ..... | 359 | +| Q.2 Media playback module ..... | 359 | +| Annex R – JavaScript-Application management unit..... | 373 | +| R.1 Overview ..... | 373 | + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| R.2 Application management module ..... | 374 | +| Annex S – JavaScript-System management unit ..... | 380 | +| S.1 Overview ..... | 380 | +| S.2 Data management module ..... | 380 | +| S.3 External storage device management module ..... | 389 | +| S.4 File management module ..... | 392 | +| S.5 Multimedia file module ..... | 400 | +| S.6 OTA software upgrade module ..... | 402 | +| S.7 System tool module ..... | 403 | +| S.8 Software and hardware information query module ..... | 407 | +| Annex T – JavaScript-Message management unit ..... | 409 | +| T.1 Overview ..... | 409 | +| T.2 Message management module ..... | 409 | +| Annex U – JavaScript-Application engine unit ..... | 411 | +| U.1 Overview ..... | 411 | +| U.2 Channel management module ..... | 411 | +| U.3 Electronic Program Guide Module ..... | 417 | +| U.4 Reservation reminder module ..... | 428 | +| U.5 Message search module ..... | 432 | +| Annex V – JavaScript-Broadcast Information Service Management Unit ..... | 448 | +| V.1 Overview ..... | 448 | +| V.2 Broadcast information service management module ..... | 448 | +| Annex W – JavaScript-Multi-screen Interactive Unit ..... | 456 | +| W.1 Overview ..... | 456 | +| W.2 Multi-screen interactive module ..... | 456 | +| Annex X – JavaScript-DRM management unit ..... | 463 | +| X.1 Overview ..... | 463 | +| X.2 DRM management module ..... | 463 | +| Annex Y – JavaScript-DCAS management unit ..... | 465 | +| Y.1 Overview ..... | 465 | +| Y.2 EPG DCAS module ..... | 465 | +| Y.3 DCAS_APP module ..... | 467 | +| Bibliography ..... | 486 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1206 + +## Smart television operating system – Application programming interface + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the application programming interface of a smart TV operating system over integrated broadcast and broadband cable networks. The smart TV operating system is intended to be installed in an integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB)-capable cable set-top box (STB) and TV and to enable broadcasting and IP-based interactive services provided by cable television operators and third-party providers. By running the smart TV operating system, the IBB-capable cable STB and TV will be able to intelligently provide subscribers with advanced and personalized services by downloading and installing advanced and personalized applications (apps) from cable operators' platforms and third-party platforms which are interconnected with the related cable operators' platforms. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.1201] Recommendation ITU-T J.1201 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Functional requirements*. + +[ITU-T J.1202] Recommendation ITU-T J.1202 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Architecture*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB) DTV service** [b-ITU-T J.205]: A service that simultaneously provides an integrated experience of broadcasting and interactivity relating to media content, data and applications from multiple sources, where the interactivity is sometimes associated with broadcasting programmes. + +**3.1.2 smart television operating system (TVOS)** [ITU-T J.1201]: A system software running on an integrated broadcast and broadband-capable (IBB-capable) cable set top box (STB) and television (TV) that is capable of managing hardware, software and data resources of the IBB-capable cable STB and TV, supporting and controlling the application software execution. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| API | Application Programming Interface | +| App | Application | +| AV | Audio Video | +| CA | Certification Authority | +| CAS | Conditional Access System | +| CSS | Cascading Style Sheets | +| DCAS | Downloadable Condition Access System | +| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| DTMB | Digital Television Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast | +| DTV | Digital Television | +| DVB | Digital Video Broadcasting | +| ECM | Entitlement Control Message | +| EMM | Entitlement Management Message | +| EPG | Electronic Program Guide | +| ES | Elementary Stream | +| HTML | Hyper Text Markup Language | +| HTTP | Hyper Text Transfer Protocol | +| IPTV | IP Television | +| JS | JavaScript | +| LAN | Local Area Network | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| NTP | Network Time Protocol | +| NVOD | Near Video On Demand | +| NVM | Non-Volatile Memory | +| OSD | On-Screen Display | +| OTA | Over The Air | +| PID | Packet Identifier | +| TA | Trusted Application | +| Tapp | Trusted Application | +| TEE | Trusted Execution Environment | +| TS | Transport Stream | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The phrase "is required to" indicates a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformity with this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The phrase "is recommended" indicates a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement needs not be present to claim conformity. + +The phrase "is prohibited from" indicates a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformity with this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The phrase "can optionally" indicates an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformity with this Recommendation. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Interface overview + +## 6.1 Introduction + +The applications supported by TVOS application framework layer include two categories, namely, JAVA applications and WEB applications: + +- JAVA application refers to a general term of applications developed with Java language; +- WEB application refers to a general term of applications developed with web technologies such as hyper text markup language (HTML), JavaScript and cascading style sheets (CSS). + +The TVOS application framework layer implements packaging and adaptation of JAVA application and WEB application with the function component module. The application programming interface (API) defined in this Recommendation provides a uniform application programming interface for JAVA application and WEB application at the application layer, and also offers the reference for TVOS application developers to develop JAVA applications and WEB applications. + +The interfaces defined in this part conform to the relevant requirements of [ITU-T J.1201] and [ITU-T J.1202]. + +## 6.2 TVOS JAVA application programming interface + +### 6.2.1 Overview of the TVOS JAVA application programming interface + +TVOS JAVA application programming interface provides the invocation interface in the form of Java object, and supports the application to implement relevant digital television service functions such as electronic program guide, channel list and TV program playing. JAVA application programming interface consists of 11 function units, including one-way broadcast network access unit, broadcast protocol processing unit, two-way broadband network access unit, human-machine interaction unit, audio video (AV) setting unit, media processing unit, system management unit, application engine unit, multi-screen interaction unit, digital rights management (DRM) unit and downloadable condition access system (DCAS) management unit. + +### 6.2.2 One-way broadcast network access unit + +#### 6.2.2.1 Overview of the one-way broadcast network access unit + +The one-way broadcast network access unit is used to implement one-way broadcast network access function, including parameter control (tuning frequency, modulation mode and symbol rate), and + +acquisition of signal intensity, quality and other information. The unit defines the tuning and demodulation module. Refer to Annex A for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### 6.2.2.2 Tuning and demodulation module + +The tuning and demodulation module defines the interface used for tuning and demodulation, class and exception, including definition of tuning parameters, definition of Tuner object, and tuning and demodulation management class, and implements the tuning and demodulation function through these definitions. + +See Table 1 for an overview of the tuning and demodulation module. + +**Table 1 – Overview of the tuning and demodulation module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|---------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| DeliverySystemType | Interface | Constant definition of delivery system type under digital video broadcasting (DVB) technical system. | See clause A.2.1 | +| TuningParameters | Interface | Interface of tuning and demodulation parameters. | See clause A.2.2 | +| TuningListener | Interface | Interface of network interface event listener, providing tuning methods to handle network interface events. | See clause A.2.3 | +| DvbcTuningParameters | Class | Applicable to tuning and demodulation parameter class of DVB-C delivery system. | See clause A.2.4 | +| AbsssTuningParameters | Class | Applicable to tuning and demodulation parameter class of ABS-SS delivery system. | See clause A.2.5 | +| DtmbTuningParameters | Class | Applicable to tuning and demodulation parameter class of digital television terrestrial multimedia broadcast (DTMB) delivery system. | See clause A.2.6 | +| TunerEvent | Class | Tuner and demodulator event class. | See clause A.2.7 | +| TunerTuningEvent | Class | Network interface starts to tune events and inherits TunerEvent class. | See clause A.2.8 | +| TunerTuningOverEvent | Class | End event tuning and inherit TunerEvent class. | See clause A.2.9 | +| Tuner | Class | Tuning and demodulation control interface. | See clause A.2.10 | +| TunerManager | Class | Tuning and demodulation manager class, used to track broadcast network interface connected to the receiving equipment; it is an entry class of tuning and demodulation unit. | See clause A.2.11 | +| TunerException | Exception | Network interface exception | See clause A.2.12 | +| IncorrectLocatorException | Exception | Incorrect locator format exception; inherit TunerException class. | See clause A.2.13 | +| StreamNotFoundException | Exception | No exception is found for stream; inherit TunerException class. When the quotation of the transport stream cannot be analyzed because the transport stream | See clause A.2.14 | + +**Table 1 – Overview of the tuning and demodulation module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|-----------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| | | is not in StreamTable, such exception is thrown. | | +| TuningParameterNotFound Exception | Exception | The exception is thrown when getting current tuning and demodulation parameters fails or DeliverySystemType is wrong. | See clause A.2.15 | + +### 6.2.3 Broadcast protocol processing unit + +#### 6.2.3.1 Overview of the broadcast protocol processing unit + +The broadcast protocol processing unit is used to implement broadcast protocol processing, including Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) object definition module, DVB object definition module, SECTION filter module, URL packaging module, DVB locator module and broadcast protocol processing module. Refer to Annex B for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### 6.2.3.2 MPEG object definition module + +The MPEG object definition module defines the fundamental objects and possible system exceptions under MPEG-2 system. + +The fundamental MPEG-2 objects defined in this module include: + +- TransportStream class; +- ElementaryStream class; +- Service class. + +MPEG-2 exceptions defined include: + +- NotAuthorizedException; +- ResourceException; +- TuningException. + +See Table 2 for an overview of the MPEG object definition module. + +**Table 2 – Overview of the MPEG object definition module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| NotAuthorizedInterface | Interface | The broadcasting content does not authorize the report interface. It defines the failure cause constant and provides the method to seek failure causes. | See clause B.2.1 | +| TransportStream | Class | MPEG-2 TransportStream class, it represents a MPEG-2 transport stream (TS) and provides the method to get transport stream (TS) message. | See clause B.2.2 | +| ElementaryStream | Class | MPEG-2 ElementaryStream class, it represents an elementary stream (ES) in TS and provides the method to get elementary stream (ES) message. | See clause B.2.3 | + +**Table 2 – Overview of the MPEG object definition module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Service | Class | MPEG-2 Service class, it represents a MPEG-2 service in TS and provides the method to get service message. | See clause B.2.4 | +| NotAuthorizedException | Exception | Broadcasting content unauthorized exception, it implements NotAuthorizedInterface interface, and is thrown when accessing unauthorized scrambling data. | See clause B.2.5 | +| TuningException | Exception | Tuning and demodulation exception, it is thrown when tuning and demodulation fail. | See clause B.2.6 | +| ResourceException | Exception | Resource exception, it is thrown when the operation cannot be implemented due to the lack of resources. | See clause B.2.7 | + +#### **6.2.3.3 DVB object definition module** + +The DVB object definition module defines elementary objects of MPEG-2 under DVB system: + +- DvbTransportStream class; +- DvbElementaryStream class; +- DvbService class. + +See Table 3 for an overview of the DVB object definition module. + +**Table 3 – Overview of the DVB object definition module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|---------------------|-------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| DvbElementaryStream | Class | DVB elementary stream class, it represents a MPEG-2 elementary stream (ES) which conforms to DVB semantic constraints in transport stream (TS), and provides the method to get DVB ES message. | See clause B.3.1 | +| DvbService | Class | DVB service class, it represents a MPEG-2 service which conforms to DVB semantic constraints in transport stream, and provides the method to get DVB service message. | See clause B.3.2 | +| DvbTransportStream | Class | DVB transport stream class, it represents a MPEG-2 transport stream which conforms to DVB semantic constraints and provides the method to get DVB transport stream message. | See clause B.3.3 | + +#### **6.2.3.4 SECTION filter module** + +The SECTION filter module provides the classes and methods related to MPEG-2 section filtering. + +See Table 4 for an overview of the SECTION filter module. + +**Table 4 – Overview of the SECTION filter module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|-------------------------------|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| SectionFilterListener | Interface | Interface of section filter event listener, it provides section filter event handling and callback method, and is implemented by the application layer. | See clause B.4.1 | +| Section | Class | MPEG-2 section class, it describes a section filtered from transport stream. | See clause B.4.2 | +| SectionFilterGroup | Class | Section filter group class, it represents a MPEG-2 filter group, and can be enabled and released as a basic operation unit. | See clause B.4.3 | +| SectionFilter | Class | Section filter class, this class is a base class of a group of section filter classes characterized by different life cycle and buffer length, and provides basic operation methods for filters. | See clause B.4.4 | +| SimpleSectionFilter | Class | Simple section filter, it inherits SectionFilter class. | See clause B.4.5 | +| TableSectionFilter | Class | Table section filter class, it inherits SectionFilter class. | See clause B.4.6 | +| RingSectionFilter | Class | Ring section filter, it inherits SectionFilter class. | See clause B.4.7 | +| SectionFilterEvent | Event | Section filter event class, base class of a group of section filter event classes. | See clause B.4.8 | +| SectionAvailableEvent | Event | Event of section data available, it inherits SectionFilterEvent class and reports a complete section is filtered. | See clause B.4.9 | +| VersionChangeDetectedEvent | Event | Event of section filter version change, it inherits SectionFilterEvent class. | See clause B.4.10 | +| EndOfFilteringEvent | Event | Event of end of section filtering, it inherits SectionFilterEvent class and reports section filtering ends. | See clause B.4.11 | +| IncompleteFilteringEvent | Event | Incomplete section filtering event, it inherits SectionFilterEvent class. | See clause B.4.12 | +| TimeoutEvent | Event | Event of section filtering time-out, it inherits SectionFilterEvent class. | See clause B.4.13 | +| FilterResourcesAvailableEvent | Event | Filter resource available event, it inherits SectionFilterEvent class. | See clause B.4.14 | +| ForcedDisconnectedEvent | Event | Event of forced disconnection between section filter group and transport stream, it inherits ResourceStatusEvent class. | See clause B.4.15 | +| SectionFilterException | Exception | Base class of section filter exception. | See clause B.4.16 | + +**Table 4 – Overview of the SECTION filter module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| ConnectionLostException | Exception | Connection lost exception, it inherits SectionFilterException class. | See clause B.4.17 | +| FilteringInterruptedException | Exception | Filtering interrupted exception, it inherits SectionFilterException class. | See clause B.4.18 | +| FilterResourceException | Exception | Filter resource exception, it inherits SectionFilterException class. | See clause B.4.19 | +| IllegalFilterDefinitionException | Exception | Illegal filter definition exception, it inherits SectionFilterException class. | See clause B.4.20 | +| InvalidSourceException | Exception | Invalid section data source exception, it inherits SectionFilterException class. | See clause B.4.21 | +| NoDataAvailableException | Exception | Exception of no data available for section object, it inherits SectionFilterException class. | See clause B.4.22 | + +#### 6.2.3.5 URL packaging module + +The URL packaging module provides the method to quote URL packaging. + +See Table 5 for an overview of the URL packaging module. + +**Table 5 – Overview of the URL packaging module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|-------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Locator | Class | Resource locator, it packages URL as a locator object. | See clause B.5.1 | +| InvalidLocatorException | Exception | Invalid locator exception. | See clause B.5.2 | + +#### 6.2.3.6 DVB locator module + +The DVB locator module provides the method to access DVB broadcasting services and contents. + +See Table 6 for an overview of the DVB locator module. + +**Table 6 – Overview of the DVB locator module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------------|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| DvbLocator | Class | DVB locator class, it packages URL of DVB format as a locator object. | See clause B.6.1 | +| DvbNetworkBoundLocator | Class | DVB locator class bound to network, the objects of such class uniquely identify a given entity and delivery system. | See clause B.6.2 | + +#### 6.2.3.7 Broadcast protocol processing module + +The broadcast protocol processing module defines the classes and methods related to DVB broadcast protocol processing. + +See Table 7 for an overview of the broadcast protocol processing module. + +**Table 7 – Overview of the broadcast protocol processing module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|---------------------|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| SICommonInformation | Interface | PSI/SI common information interface, it provides the method to get PSI/SI common properties. | See clause B.7.1 | +| SINetwork | Interface | Network information interface, it provides the method get network information. Every SINetwork object is uniquely identified by network_id. | See clause B.7.2 | +| SIBouquet | Interface | Bouquet information interface, it provides the method to get bouquet information. Every SIBouquet object is uniquely identified by network_id and bouquet_id. | See clause B.7.3 | +| SIService | Interface | Service information interface, it provides the method to get service information. Every SIService object is uniquely identified by network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id and service_id jointly. | See clause B.7.4 | +| SITransportStream | Interface | Transport stream information interface, it provides the method to get transport stream (transport_stream) information. Every SITransportStream object is uniquely identified by network_id, original_network_id and transport_stream_id jointly. | See clause B.7.5 | +| SIElementaryStream | Interface | Elementary stream information interface, it provides the method to get elementary stream (elementary_stream) information. Every SIElementaryStream object is uniquely identified by network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id and component_tag (or elementary_PID) jointly. | See clause B.7.6 | +| SIEvent | Interface | Program event information interface, it provides the method to get event information. Every SIEvent object is uniquely identified by network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id and event_id jointly. | See clause B.7.7 | +| SITime | Interface | Time information interface, it provides the method to get time information. Time information is acquired from TDT or TOD, and every SITime object is uniquely identified by network_id. | See clause B.7.8 | +| SIDescriptor | Interface | Descriptor information interface, it provides the methods about descriptor access. | See clause B.7.9 | +| SIRequest | Interface | PSI/SI information request interface, it describes one PSI/SI information retrieval request from the application and the application can cancel this request through this object. | See clause B.7.10 | + +**Table 7 – Overview of the broadcast protocol processing module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| SIRetrieveListener | Interface | SI information retrieve listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause B.7.11 | +| SIUpdateListener | Interface | PSI/SI table update listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause B.7.12 | +| SIDescriptorTag | Interface | Interface of descriptor tag constant definition. | See clause B.7.13 | +| SIRunningStatus | Interface | Running status constant definition interface of service or program. | See clause B.7.14 | +| SIServiceType | Interface | Interface of service type constant definition. | See clause B.7.15 | +| SIStreamType | Interface | Interface of stream type constant definition. | See clause B.7.16 | +| SIDatabase | Class | PSI/SI information database, it provides management and operation methods for PSI/SI information database in DVB mode, and it is an entry class for the application to get PSI/SI information. | See clause B.7.17 | +| SIRequestFailureType | Class | Cause for PSI/SI information request failure. | See clause B.7.18 | +| SIRetrieveEvent | Event | PSI/SI information request event, it is a base class of a group of events related to PSI/SI information request defined in this packet. One PSI/SI information request will only generate one event like this. | See clause B.7.19 | +| SISuccessRetrieveEvent | Event | PSI/SI information request success event, it inherits SIRetrieveEvent class. | See clause B.7.20 | +| SIFailureRetrieveEvent | Event | PSI/SI information request failure event, it inherits SIRetrieveEvent class. | See clause B.7.21 | +| SIUpdateEvent | Event | PSI/SI table update event. | See clause B.7.22 | +| InvalidPeriodException | Exception | When the specified period is invalid, this exception will be thrown. | See clause B.7.23 | + +### 6.2.4 Two-way broadband network access unit + +#### 6.2.4.1 Overview of the two-way broadband network access unit + +The two-way broadband network access unit is used to implement the functions related to two-way broadband network access control, including two-way network access management and data operation, etc., and It defines the Ethernet management module and WiFi management module. Refer to Annex C for detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### 6.2.4.2 Ethernet management module + +The Ethernet management module provides dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) configuration as well as the class and method for Ethernet management and control. + +See Table 8 for an overview of the Ethernet management module. + +**Table 8 – Overview of the Ethernet management module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|-----------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Listener | Interface | Ethernet status change listener. | See clause C.2.1 | +| DhcpInfo | Class | Provide the method to get DHCP configuration information. | See clause C.2.2 | +| EthernetManager | Class | Provide Ethernet management method. | See clause C.2.3 | + +#### **6.2.4.3 WiFi management module** + +The WiFi management module provides the class and method about WiFi network interface control. See Table 9 for an overview of the WiFi management module. + +**Table 9 – Overview of the WiFi management module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| ActionListener | Interface | WiFi status change action listener, it is implemented by the application layer. | See clause C.3.1 | +| WifiInfo | Class | WiFi connection information class, it provides the method to get connection information. | See clause C.3.2 | +| WifiManager | Class | WiFi manager, it provides the management function of WiFi wireless network.
a) Find, scan and manage current wireless network access points (AP) available;
b) Manage current network access linkage, such as connection establishment, disconnection, connection forbidden and connection deleting. | See clause C.3.3 | +| ScanResult | Class | WiFi scanning result, it describes information of a connection access point found by WiFi scanning. | See clause C.3.4 | + +### **6.2.5 Human-machine interaction unit** + +#### **6.2.5.1 Overview of the human-machine interaction unit** + +The human-machine interaction unit is used to implement the functions of device input control and front panel display control. The input packages user command sent by input devices such as remote controller, mouse, keyboard and front panel key as key message, and the output feeds information back through front panel or display screen. Meanwhile, it also supports speech input control and implementation. This unit defines the human-machine interaction module. Refer to Annex D for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### **6.2.5.2 Human-machine interaction module** + +The human-machine interaction module provides the class and method related to human-machine interaction, including user input and front panel output. + +See Table 10 for an overview of the human-machine interaction module. + +**Table 10 – Overview of the human-machine interaction module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|-------------|-----------|-----------------------------------|------------------| +| UserInput | Interface | Definition of user input message. | See clause D.2.1 | + +**Table 10 – Overview of the human-machine interaction module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| NgbKeyListener | Interface | Key event listener interface, it is implemented by the application which needs to monitor KeyEvent. | See clause D.2.2 | +| NgbMouseListener | Interface | Mouse event listener interface, it is implemented by the application which needs to monitor MouseEvent. | See clause D.2.3 | +| NgbVoiceListener | Interface | Voice event listener interface, it is implemented by the application which needs to monitor voice recognition. | See clause D.2.4 | +| FrontPanel | Class | Display output control for front panel information, including LED indicator light and LED digital tube display control. | See clause D.2.5 | +| NgbInputManager | Class | Input control manager, used to receive the listener of remote controller, key and mouse and control input. | See clause D.2.6 | +| NgbVoiceManager | Class | Voice-related control manager, used to control and implement voice recognition function. | See clause D.2.7 | +| NgbInputEvent | Event | Input event class, it is a base class of input events. | See clause D.2.8 | +| KeyEvent | Event | Key event class, it inherits NgbInputEvent class. | See clause D.2.9 | +| MouseEvent | Event | Mouse event class, it inherits NgbInputEvent class. | See clause D.2.10 | + +### 6.2.6 AV setting unit + +#### 6.2.6.1 Overview of the AV setting unit + +The AV setting unit is used to implement the functions of getting and setting audio video parameters, including audio output port status, track type, global volume and volume status, etc., as well as video output port status, window matching module, brightness, contrast ratio, saturation, system and transparency, etc. It defines the AV setting module. Refer to Annex E for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### 6.2.6.2 AV setting module + +The AV setting module provides the class and method related to the setting of audio video output parameters. + +See Table 11 for an overview of the AV setting module. + +**Table 11 – Overview of the AV setting module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|--------------|-------|----------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| AudioSetting | Class | Set various parameters of audio input/output unit. | See clause E.2.1 | +| VideoSetting | Class | Set various parameters of video input/output unit. | See clause E.2.2 | + +### 6.2.7 Media processing unit + +#### 6.2.7.1 Overview of the media processing unit + +The media processing unit is used to implement media player function, including playing, control and language selection, etc. It defines the media processing module. Refer to Annex F for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### 6.2.7.2 Media processing module + +The media processing module provides the interface class of all media functions as well as relevant audio and video information classes. The media processing module is used to support DVB, VOD, IP broadcasting, IP broadcasting on demand and local broadcasting functions. + +The fundamental classes defined in the media processing module include: + +- MediaPlayer class; +- TrackInfo class for audio, video and subtitle; +- MediaFormat class. + +See Table 12 for an overview of the media processing module. + +**Table 12 – Overview of the media processing module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|-------------|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| MediaPlayer | Class | Provide all media function interfaces. Support DVB, VOD, IP broadcasting, IP broadcasting on demand and local broadcasting. | See clause F.2.1 | +| TrackInfo | Class | Describe track information such as audio, video and subtitle. | See clause F.2.2 | +| MediaFormat | Class | Use HashMap to store audio video stream and other information. | See clause F.2.3 | + +### 6.2.8 System management unit + +#### 6.2.8.1 Overview of the system management unit + +The system management unit is used to implement peripheral device management, over the air (OTA) upgrade management, storage management and other system-related functions. It defines the system management module, OTA upgrade module and storage management module. Refer to Annex G for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### 6.2.8.2 System management module + +The system management module provides the class and method for configuration parameter access, software and hardware configuration information retrieval, peripheral management and system operation, etc. + +See Table 13 for an overview of the system management module. + +**Table 13 – Overview of the system management module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| PeripheralType | Interface | Constant definition interface of peripheral type supported by TVOS. | See clause G.2.1 | + +**Table 13 – Overview of the system management module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|--------------------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Peripheral | Interface | Peripheral description interface, it provides the methods to get peripheral name, status, type and ID, etc. | See clause G.2.2 | +| PeripheralListener | Interface | Peripheral listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause G.2.3 | +| PeripheralManager | Class | Peripheral manager, it is an entry class of peripheral management module. | See clause G.2.4 | +| DataConfig | Class | Configuration data access class, it provides the method to access configuration data saved in the receiving terminal non-volatile memory (NVM). | See clause G.2.5 | +| HardwareInfo | Class | Hardware information description class, it provides the method to get hardware parameter information at the receiving terminal. | See clause G.2.6 | +| SoftwareInfo | Class | Software information description class, it provides the method to get software parameter information at the receiving terminal. | See clause G.2.7 | +| SysTool | Class | System tool class, it provides the operation method for system standby, hibernation and restart, etc. | See clause G.2.8 | +| PeripheralEvent | Event | Peripheral message event. | See clause G.2.9 | + +#### **6.2.8.3 OTA upgrade module** + +The OTA upgrade module provides the class and method for OTA software upgrade detection and handling. + +See Table 14 for an overview of the OTA upgrade module. + +**Table 14 – Overview of the OTA upgrade module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| OTAEVENTListener | Interface | OTA event listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause G.3.1 | +| OTAManager | Class | OTA manager, it is an entry class of OTA function module. | See clause G.3.2 | +| OTAEVENT | Event | OTA event. | See clause G.3.3 | + +#### **6.2.8.4 Storage management module** + +The storage management module provides the class and method for storage device management and partitioned access of storage device. + +See Table 15 for an overview of the storage management module. + +**Table 15 – Overview of the storage management module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Storage | Interface | It describes storage device information, such as name, size, idle status and partition. | See clause G.4.1 | +| StorageEventListener | Interface | Storage event listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause G.4.2 | +| StoragePartition | Interface | It describes partition information of storage device, such as name, size, idle status, access path and partition type. | See clause G.4.3 | +| StorageManager | Class | It provides the method to manage the storage device and partition the storage device. | See clause G.4.4 | +| StorageEvent | Event | Storage events related to the storage device. | See clause G.4.5 | + +### 6.2.9 Application engine unit + +#### 6.2.9.1 Overview of the application engine unit + +The application engine unit is used to implement the functions of channel search, electronic program guide acquisition and information search. It defines the channel search module, electronic program guide module and information search module. Refer to Annex H for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### 6.2.9.2 Channel search module + +The channel search module provides the class and method related to channel search. + +See Table 16 for an overview of the channel search module. + +**Table 16 – Overview of the channel search module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| ChannelScanListener | Interface | Channel scanning listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause H.2.1 | +| ChannelScanEngine | Class | Search engine. It is an entry class of channel scanning function unit. | See clause H.2.2 | +| ChannelScanEvent | Event | Channel scanning event, base class | See clause H.2.3 | +| ChannelScanFailureEvent | Event | Channel scanning failure event, it inherits ChannelScanEvent class. | See clause H.2.4 | +| ChannelScanFinishEvent | Event | Channel scanning finish event, it inherits ChannelScanEvent class. | See clause H.2.5 | +| ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent | Event | Channel scanning success and NIT analysis event, it inherits ChannelScanEvent class. | See clause H.2.6 | +| ChannelScanSuccessEvent | Event | Channel scanning success event, it inherits ChannelScanEvent class. | See clause H.2.7 | + +#### 6.2.9.3 Electronic program guide module + +Electronic program guide (EPG) provides the method for terminal users to browse broadcasting service information, such as service name, program starting and ending time, and content outline, so that terminal users can fast retrieve and access the services. This part follows the analysis and presentation of EPG program information. + +The electronic program guide module provides the class and method for EPG information acquisition. Cache mechanism can be adopted for EPG information acquisition, or EPG information can be temporarily downloaded, if necessary. If the cache mechanism is applied, EPG information should be monitored in real time to ensure the application can extract the latest EPG information. + +See Table 17 for an overview of the electronic program guide module. + +**Table 17 – Overview of the electronic program guide module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| ProgramEvent | Interface | It describes the information of a program event. | See clause H.3.1 | +| ProgramEventFilter | Interface | It defines the filter interface used by the application to query program event information from EPG module, and it is implemented by the application layer. | See clause H.3.2 | +| ProgramService | Interface | It describes service information of a program, and it is the packaging of a group of program event information belonging to the same service. | See clause H.3.3 | +| ProgramServiceFilter | Interface | It defines the filter interface used by the application to query program service information from EPG module, and it is implemented by the application layer. | See clause H.3.4 | +| EPGUpdateListener | Interface | PEG information update listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause H.3.5 | +| EPGManager | Class | EPG manager, it is an entry class of EPG information retrieval. | See clause H.3.6 | +| EPGUpdateEvent | Event | EPG information update event. | See clause H.3.7 | + +#### 6.2.9.4 Information search module + +The information search module provides the class and method related to global search and auto complete search. The definitions of "global search" and "auto complete search" are as below: + +"Global search" – seek SI and PVR contents according to the search conditions set by users, and return meaningful results to improve user experience. + +"Auto complete search" – give matched character strings in the current data source according to user's input to shorten user's time to input query keywords and lower user's difficulty in inputting query keywords. + +The information search module includes the following components: + +- SearchManager – entry class of information search module; +- GlobalSearchSession – session associated with global search process; +- AutoCompleteSearchSession – session associated with auto complete search process. + +See Table 18 for an overview of the information search module. + +**Table 18 – Overview of the information search module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| AutoCompleteSearchListener | Interface | Auto complete search listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause H.4.1 | +| AutoCompleteSearchResultItem | Interface | It describes the results of auto complete search and provides the | See clause H.4.2 | + +**Table 18 – Overview of the information search module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------------------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| | | method to get the results of auto complete search. | | +| AutoCompleteSearchResultList | Interface | It describes the list object of auto complete search results and provides the method to access the result items of auto complete search. | See clause H.4.3 | +| AutoCompleteSearchSession | Interface | It describes a session of auto complete search and provides the method to control the session of auto complete search. | See clause H.4.4 | +| GlobalSearchListener | Interface | Global search listener, it is implemented by the application. | See clause H.4.5 | +| GlobalSearchResultItem | Interface | It describes an object of global search result and provides the method to access the search results. | See clause H.4.6 | +| GlobalSearchResultList | Interface | It describes the list object of global search results and provides the method to access the result items of global search. | See clause H.4.7 | +| GlobalSearchSession | Interface | It describes a global search session and provides the method to control the global search session. | See clause H.4.8 | +| RetrieveDirection | Interface | It defines the constant of search result seeking direction. | See clause H.4.9 | +| SearchContentType | Interface | Content type constant definition. | See clause H.4.10 | +| SearchCriteriaFlags | Interface | Filtering criteria flag definition. | See clause H.4.11 | +| SearchFields | Interface | It provides the interface for setting search fields. | See clause H.4.12 | +| SearchHistoryItem | Interface | It describes a search history and provides the method to get all kinds of information of search history. | See clause H.4.13 | +| SearchHistoryList | Interface | It describes the search history list and provides the function of traversing the search history list. | See clause H.4.14 | +| SearchStatus | Interface | It defines the search status constant. | See clause H.4.15 | +| SourceType | Interface | Definition of search data source constant. | See clause H.4.16 | +| AutoCompleteSearchFilter | Class | It describes a filter of auto complete search and provides the method to set and get auto complete search filtering conditions. | See clause H.4.17 | +| GlobalSearchFilter | Class | It describes a filter of global search and provides the method to set and get global search filtering conditions. | See clause H.4.18 | + +**Table 18 – Overview of the information search module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|--------------------|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| SearchManager | Class | Search manager of global search and auto complete search, it is an entry class of search function module. | See clause H.4.19 | +| SortCriteria | Class | It defines sorting constant and sorting method. | See clause H.4.20 | + +### **6.2.10 Multi-screen interaction unit** + +#### **6.2.10.1 Overview of the multi-screen interaction unit** + +The multi-screen interaction unit is used to implement multi-screen interaction local area network (LAN) interface, and it defines the multi-screen interaction module. Refer to Annex I for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### **6.2.10.2 Multi-screen interaction module** + +The multi-screen interaction module can implement the functions of discovering, connecting and controlling server equipment in LAN by the application client. + +See Table 19 for an overview of the multi-screen interaction module. + +**Table 19 – Overview of the multi-screen interaction module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| IMultiScreenService | Interface | Function interface used to support multi-screen-interactive component in LAN environment. | See clause I.2.1 | +| IMultiScreenCallBack | Interface | Remote access interface provided by multi-screen-interactive component. | See clause I.2.2 | + +### **6.2.11 DRM management unit** + +#### **6.2.11.1 Overview of the DRM management unit** + +The DRM management unit is used to implement DRM management function, and It defines the DRM management module. Refer to Annex J for the detailed definition of the Java interface. + +#### **6.2.11.2 DRM management module** + +See Table 20 for an overview of the DRM management module. + +**Table 20 – Overview of the DRM management module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|--------------------|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| CommonDrmManager | Class | DRM module class. | See clause J.2.1 | +| CommonDrmTeeRetVal | Class | Return type class of CommonDrm_SendCommandToTEE method of CommonDrmManager class. | See clause J.2.2 | + +### 6.2.12 DCAS management unit + +#### 6.2.12.1 Overview of the DCAS management unit + +The DCAS management unit is used to implement registration, filter setting and trusted application (Tapp) communication functions related to DCAS application, and It defines the conditional access system (CAS) descrambler module, CAS control module, CAS message module, and CAS listener module. Refer to Annex K for the detailed definition of the Java interface based on [b-ITU-T J.1033]. + +#### 6.2.12.2 CAS descrambler module + +The CAS descrambler module provides application programming interface for DCAS terminal software platform to descramble. + +See Table 21 for an overview of the CAS descrambler module. + +**Table 21 – Overview of the CAS descrambler module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|-------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| CASModule | Interface | CASModule object used to express the request of descrambling a group of elementary streams. | See clause K.2.1 | +| CASDataUtils | Interface | Used to get and set Certification Authority (CA) information, read and write DCAS data. | See clause K.2.2 | +| CADescriptor | Interface | It provides CA descriptor information, and may provide CA descriptor in the PMT with given service. Besides, CA descriptor may appear in CAT. | See clause K.2.3 | +| CASServiceComponentInfo | Interface | It is used to extract the information of specific CA service component, such as entitlement control message (ECM) packet identifier (PID) and DescramblerContext used to load control word. | See clause K.2.4 | +| CASPacketListener | Interface | DCAS application receives out-of-band CAS Packets through this interface (such as EMMs). | See clause K.2.5 | +| CASSession | Interface | Provide the information about CAS session. | See clause K.2.6 | +| CASStatus | Interface | DCAS application sends CASStatus whenever descrambler status in DescramblerContext changes, and this status is used to prompt whether descrambling succeeds. If any descrambling component fails, this status must report descrambling request failure of the whole service. When the terminal software platform receives a new CATStatus, it should inform other applications through CAS event described here. | See clause K.2.7 | +| CATListener | Interface | DCAS application needs to implement the interface and uses CA descriptor in CAT to filter in-band entitlement management message (EMM). | See clause K.2.8 | +| CATNotifier | Interface | DCAS application uses this method to register a listener used to get CAT update notice. | See clause K.2.9 | +| CASModuleManager | Class | Used to register all CASModule implemented by DCAS application. | See clause K.2.10 | + +**Table 21 – Overview of the CAS descrambler module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|---------------|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| CASPermission | Class | Any DCAS application cannot access CASModuleManager until it gets CASPermission. This mechanism is used to ensure only DCAS application authorized by the network operator can use DCAS API. | See clause K.2.11 | + +#### 6.2.12.3 CAS control module + +The CAS control module provides application programming interface for DCAS terminal software platform to control CAS. + +See Table 22 for an overview of the CAS control module. + +**Table 22 – Overview of the CAS control module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|--------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| DescramblerContext | Interface | It is a component used to control the descrambling function of terminal security chip. It can instantiate multiple DescramblerContext to descramble multiple code streams with different keys. | See clause K.3.1 | +| ChipController | Interface | It is a component used to control the execution of terminal security chip. | See clause K.3.2 | +| Key | Class | An elementary cipher key. | See clause K.3.3 | +| CWKey | Class | Descramble cipher or control word. | See clause K.3.4 | +| CASTEEManager | Class | Function interface with trusted application (TA) communication in trusted execution environment (TEE). | See clause K.3.5 | + +#### 6.2.12.4 CAS message module + +The CAS message module provides the function interface for DCAS message monitoring. + +See Table 23 for an overview of the CAS message module. + +**Table 23 – Overview of the CAS message module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| CASEventListener | Interface | It is used to implement the application of CAS event receiving. | See clause K.4.1 | +| CASAppInfo | Interface | Provide DCAS application information. | See clause K.4.2 | +| CASEventInfo | Interface | Provide CASEvent information. | See clause K.4.3 | +| CASEventManager | Class | The application uses CASEventManager to register listener to get CAS event. | See clause K.4.4 | + +#### 6.2.12.5 CAS listener module + +The CAS listener module provides application programming interface for DCAS detachable security device to monitor CAS. + +See Table 24 for an overview of the CAS listener module. + +**Table 24 – Overview of the CAS listener module** + +| Object name | Type | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| DetachabeSecurityDevice | Interface | It is used by the application to register the listener of detachable security device so as to get device plug/unplug status. | See clause K.5.1 | +| DetachabeSecurityDevice Listener | Interface | Detachabe security device listener, it is used by the application to monitor device plug/unplug status. | See clause K.5.2 | + +## 6.3 TVOS WEB application programming interface + +### 6.3.1 Overview of the TVOS WEB application programming interface + +TVOS WEB application programming interface implements JavaScript (JS) packaging for each function component module interface in the component layer, provides invocation interface for WEB application in the form of JS object and supports the application to implement relevant digital television service functions such as electronic program guide, channel list and TV program playing. WEB application programming interface consists of 14 function units, including one-way broadcast network access unit, broadcast protocol processing unit, two-way broadband network access unit, human-machine interaction unit, AV setting unit, media processing unit, application management unit, system management unit, message management unit, application engine unit, broadcast message service management unit, multi-screen interaction unit, DRM management unit and DCAS management unit. + +The definition of TVOS WEB application programming interface conforms to the requirements of ECMA-262. + +### 6.3.2 One-way broadcast network access unit + +#### 6.3.2.1 Overview of the one-way broadcast network access unit + +The one-way broadcast network access unit is used to implement one-way broadcast network access function under digital television, including parameter control (tuning frequency, modulation mode and symbol rate), and acquisition of signal intensity, quality and other information. It defines the tuning and demodulation module. Refer to Annex L for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.2.2 Tuning and demodulation module + +See Table 25 for an overview of the tuning and demodulation module. + +**Table 25 – Overview of the tuning and demodulation module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| DvbcTuningParameters | DVB-C tuning and demodulation parameter object. | See clause L.2.3 | +| AbssTuningParameters | ABS-SS tuning and demodulation parameter object. | See clause L.2.4 | +| DtmbTuningParameters | DTMB tuning and demodulation parameter object. | See clause L.2.5 | +| DvbTune | Channel tuning and demodulation object. | See clause L.2.6 | +| DvbTunerInfo | Tunerid and Tuner type matching object. | See clause L.2.7 | +| DvbScan | Channel scanning object. | See clause L.2.8 | + +### 6.3.3 Broadcast protocol processing unit + +#### 6.3.3.1 Overview of the broadcast protocol processing unit + +The broadcast protocol processing unit is used to implement broadcast protocol processing, and It defines the DVB protocol processing module. Refer to Annex M for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.3.2 DVB protocol processing module + +See Table 26 for an overview of the DVB protocol processing module. + +**Table 26 – Overview of the DVB protocol processing module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|--------------|------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| DvbBroadcast | DVB broadcast channel object. | See clause M.2.3 | +| DvbNetwork | DVB network object. | See clause M.2.4 | +| DvbBouquet | DVB bouquet object. | See clause M.2.5 | +| DvbTS | DVB transport stream object. | See clause M.2.6 | +| DvbService | DVB service object. | See clause M.2.7 | +| DvbVideoES | DVB video ES object. | See clause M.2.8 | +| DvbAudioES | DVB audio ES object. | See clause M.2.9 | +| DvbOtherES | Other ES objects except audio and video. | See clause M.2.10 | +| DvbEvent | DVB program event object. | See clause M.2.11 | + +### 6.3.4 Two-way broadband network access unit + +#### 6.3.4.1 Overview of the two-way broadband network access unit + +The two-way broadband network access unit is used to implement the functions related to two-way broadband network access control, including two-way network access management and data operation, etc., and it defines the two-way broadband network setting module. Refer to Annex N for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.4.2 Two-way broadband network setting module + +See Table 27 for an overview of the two-way broadband network setting module. + +**Table 27 – Overview of the two-way broadband network setting module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|-----------|-----------------------------------|------------------| +| Broadband | Two-way broadband network object. | See clause N.2.2 | +| Ethernet | Ethernet card object. | See clause N.2.3 | +| AP | Wireless access point object. | See clause N.2.4 | +| IP | IP object. | See clause N.2.5 | +| Proxy | Network proxy object. | See clause N.2.6 | + +### 6.3.5 Human-machine interaction unit + +#### 6.3.5.1 Overview of the human-machine interaction unit + +The human-machine interaction unit is used to implement the functions of device input control and front panel display control. The input packages user command sent by input devices such as remote controller, mouse, keyboard and front panel key as key message, and the output feeds information + +back through front panel or display screen. It defines the user input unit module and front panel output module. Refer to Annex O for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.5.2 User input unit module + +See Table 28 for an overview of the user input unit module. + +**Table 28 – Overview of the user input unit module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|--------|---------------------------------------|------------------| +| event | User input message management object. | See clause O.2.2 | + +#### 6.3.5.3 Front panel output module + +See Table 29 for an overview of the front panel output module. + +**Table 29 – Overview of the front panel output module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|------------|---------------------|------------------| +| FrontPanel | Front panel object. | See clause O.3.1 | + +### 6.3.6 AV setting unit + +#### 6.3.6.1 Overview of the AV setting unit + +The AV setting unit is used to implement the functions of getting and setting audio video parameters, including audio output port status, track type, global volume and volume status, etc., as well as video output port status, window matching module, brightness, contrast ratio, saturation, system and transparency, etc. It defines the audio video parameter setting module. Refer to Annex P for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.6.2 Audio video parameter setting module + +See Table 30 for an overview of the audio video parameter setting module. + +**Table 30 – Overview of the audio video parameter setting module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|--------------|---------------------------------|------------------| +| AudioSetting | Audio parameter setting object. | See clause P.2.1 | +| VideoSetting | Video parameter setting object. | See clause P.2.2 | + +### 6.3.7 Media processing unit + +#### 6.3.7.1 Overview of the media processing unit + +The media processing unit is used to implement media player function, including playing, control, event handling and exception handling, etc. It defines the media processing module. Refer to Annex Q for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.7.2 Media processing module + +See Table 31 for an overview of the media processing module. + +**Table 31 – Overview of the media processing module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|-------------|----------------------|------------------| +| MediaPlayer | Media player object. | See clause Q.2.2 | + +### 6.3.8 Application management unit + +#### 6.3.8.1 Overview of the application management unit + +The application management unit is used to implement WEB application management function, including application query, application installation, application unloading, and application update, etc., and it defines the application management module. Refer to Annex R for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.8.2 Application management module + +See Table 32 for an overview of the application management module. + +**Table 32 – Overview of the application management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|--------|--------------------------------|------------------| +| widget | Application management object. | See clause R.2.2 | + +### 6.3.9 System management unit + +#### 6.3.9.1 Overview of the system management unit + +The system management unit is used to implement peripheral device management, OTA upgrade management, storage management and other system-related functions. It defines the data management module, external storage device management module, file management module, multimedia file management module, OTA software upgrade module, system tool module and software & hardware information module. Refer to Annex S for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.9.2 Data management module + +See Table 33 for an overview of the data management module. + +**Table 33 – Overview of the data management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|------------|---------------------------------------|------------------| +| DataConfig | Configuration data management object. | See clause S.2.2 | + +#### 6.3.9.3 External storage device management module + +See Table 34 for an overview of the external storage device management module. + +**Table 34 – Overview of the external storage device management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------|-----------------------------------------|------------------| +| StorageDeviceManager | External storage device manager object. | See clause S.3.2 | +| StorageDevice | External storage device object. | See clause S.3.3 | +| StoragePartition | External storage partition object. | See clause S.3.4 | + +#### 6.3.9.4 File management module + +See Table 35 for an overview of the file management module. + +**Table 35 – Overview of the file management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|---------------|---------------------------------------|------------------| +| FileManager | Directory and file management object. | See clause S.4.2 | +| Directory | Directory object. | See clause S.4.3 | +| File | File object | See clause S.4.4 | + +#### **6.3.9.5 Multimedia file module** + +See Table 36 for an overview of the multimedia file module. + +**Table 36 – Overview of the multimedia file module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|---------------|--------------------|------------------| +| AudioFile | Audio file object. | See clause S.5.1 | +| VideoFile | Video file object. | See clause S.5.2 | +| ImageFile | Image file object. | See clause S.5.3 | + +#### **6.3.9.6 OTA software upgrade module** + +See Table 37 for an overview of the OTA software upgrade module. + +**Table 37 – Overview of the OTA software upgrade module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|---------------|-----------------------------|------------------| +| Upgrade | OTA upgrade control object. | See clause S.6.2 | + +#### **6.3.9.7 System tool module** + +See Table 38 for an overview of the system tool module. + +**Table 38 – Overview of the system tool module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Utility | Tool object used to complete event message acquisition and character string printing, etc. | See clause S.7.1 | +| GlobalVarManager | Global variable manager object. | See clause S.7.2 | +| Rectangle | Rectangular window object. | See clause S.7.3 | +| SysTool | System tool object. | See clause S.7.4 | + +#### **6.3.9.8 Software and hardware information module** + +See Table 39 for an overview of the software and hardware information module. + +**Table 39 – Overview of the software and hardware information module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|---------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| HardwareInfo | Hardware parameter information object of receiving terminal. | See clause S.8.1 | +| SoftwareInfo | Software parameter information object of receiving terminal. | See clause S.8.2 | + +### 6.3.10 Message management unit + +#### 6.3.10.1 Overview of the message management unit + +The message management unit is used to implement the functions of receiving and managing messages, including key message and system message. This unit defines the message management module. Refer to Annex T for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.10.2 Message management module + +See Table 40 for an overview of the message management module. + +**Table 40 – Overview of the message management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|--------|-----------------|------------------| +| event | Message object. | See clause T.2.1 | + +### 6.3.11 Application engine unit + +#### 6.3.11.1 Overview of the application engine unit + +The application engine unit is used to implement the functions of channel management, electronic program guide acquisition, order reminder management and information search. It defines the electronic program guide module, channel management module, order reminder module and information search module. Refer to Annex U for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.11.2 Channel management module + +See Table 41 for an overview of the channel management module. + +**Table 41 – Overview of the channel management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|----------------|-------------------------|------------------| +| ChannelManager | Channel manager object. | See clause U.2.2 | +| Channel | Channel object. | See clause U.2.3 | + +#### 6.3.11.3 Electronic program guide module + +See Table 42 for an overview of the electronic program guide module. + +**Table 42 – Overview of the electronic program guide module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|----------------|----------------------------------|------------------| +| EPGManager | EPG manager object. | See clause U.3.2 | +| ProgramEvent | Program event object. | See clause U.3.3 | +| ReferenceEvent | Reference program event object. | See clause U.3.4 | +| TimeShiftEvent | Time shift program event object. | See clause U.3.5 | + +#### 6.3.11.4 Order reminder module + +See Table 43 for an overview of the order reminder module. + +**Table 43 – Overview of the order reminder module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|---------------|-----------------------|------------------| +| OrderManager | Order manager object. | See clause U.4.2 | +| Order | Order object. | See clause U.4.3 | + +#### **6.3.11.5 Information search module** + +See Table 44 for an overview of the information search module. + +**Table 44 – Overview of the information search module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|---------------------------|--------------------------------------|------------------| +| SearchManager | Search manager object. | See clause U.5.2 | +| GlobalSearchSession | Global search session object. | See clause U.5.3 | +| AutoCompleteSearchSession | Auto complete search session object. | See clause U.5.4 | +| GlobalSearchFilter | Global search filter object. | See clause U.5.5 | +| AutoCompleteSearchFilter | Auto complete search filter object. | See clause U.5.6 | +| SortCritiria | Sorting mechanism object. | See clause U.5.7 | +| GlobalSearchResultItem | Search result item object. | See clause U.5.8 | +| SearchHistoryItem | Search history item object. | See clause U.5.9 | + +### **6.3.12 Broadcast message service management unit** + +#### **6.3.12.1 Overview of the broadcast message service management unit** + +The broadcast message service management unit is used to detect, receive and process broadcast message services, and supports the services of emergency broadcasting, message service, advertisement and on-screen display (OSD) text update, etc. Refer to Annex V for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### **6.3.12.2 Broadcast message service management unit** + +The broadcast message service management module implements the functions of monitoring BAT table and NIT table, and filtering Section data of broadcast message service. Meanwhile, it gets CA user ID corresponding to the terminal through DCAS management unit interface. On this basis, it implements accurate reception of terminal emergency broadcasting and advertisement, etc. + +See Table 45 for an overview of the broadcast message service management module. + +**Table 45 – Overview of the broadcast message service management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|---------------|-------------------------------------------|------------------| +| DthManager | Broadcast message service manager object. | See clause V.2.2 | +| Ad | Advertisement object. | See clause V.2.3 | +| AdService | Advertisement service object. | See clause V.2.4 | + +### **6.3.13 Multi-screen interaction unit** + +#### **6.3.13.1 Overview of the multi-screen interaction unit** + +The multi-screen interaction unit is used to implement multi-screen interaction LAN interface, and it defines the multi-screen interaction module. Refer to Annex W for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.13.2 Multi-screen interaction module + +See Table 46 for an overview of the multi-screen interaction module. + +**Table 46 – Overview of the multi-screen interaction module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|-------------|------------------------------------------|------------------| +| MultiScreen | Multi-screen interaction control object. | See clause W.2.1 | + +### 6.3.14 DRM management unit + +#### 6.3.14.1 Overview of the DRM management unit + +The DRM management unit is used to implement DRM management function, and it defines the DRM management module. Refer to Annex X for the detailed definition of the JS interface. + +#### 6.3.14.2 DRM management module + +See Table 47 for an overview of the DRM management module. + +**Table 47 – Overview of the DRM management module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|------------------|---------------------|------------------| +| CommonDrmManager | DRM manager object. | See clause X.2.1 | + +### 6.3.15 DCAS management unit + +#### 6.3.15.1 Overview of the DCAS management unit + +The DCAS management unit is used to implement registration, filter setting and TApp communication functions related to DCAS application, and it defines the EPG\_DCAS module and DCAS\_APP module. Refer to Annex Y for the detailed definition of the JS interface based on [b-ITU-T J.1033]. + +#### 6.3.15.2 EPG\_DCAS module + +See Table 48 for an overview of the EPG\_DCAS module. + +**Table 48 – Overview of the EPG\_DCAS module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|----------|-----------------------------|------------------| +| EPG_DCAS | DCAS message return object. | See clause Y.2.1 | + +#### 6.3.15.3 DCAS\_APP module + +See Table 49 for an overview of the DCAS\_APP module. + +**Table 49 – Overview of the DCAS\_APP module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|----------------------|------------------------|------------------| +| JSDCAS.CASDescriptor | CAS descriptor object. | See clause Y.3.2 | +| JSDCAS.CASEcmEvent | Ecm message object. | See clause Y.3.3 | +| JSDCAS.CASEmmEvent | Emm message object. | See clause Y.3.4 | +| JSDCAS.CASFilter | CAS filter object. | See clause Y.3.5 | +| JSDCAS.CASM | CAS global object. | See clause Y.3.6 | + +**Table 49 – Overview of the DCAS\_APP module** + +| Object | Description | Remarks | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| JSDCAS.CASModule | CAS module object. | See clause Y.3.7 | +| JSDCAS.CASModuleManager | CAS module manager object. | See clause Y.3.8 | +| JSDCAS.CASPacketEvent | CAS data packet object. | See clause Y.3.9 | +| JSDCAS.CASSession | CAS descrambler request object. | See clause Y.3.10 | +| JSDCAS.CASStatus | CAS status message object. | See clause Y.3.11 | +| JSDCAS.TeeController | CAS and TEE communication controller object. | See clause Y.3.12 | +| JSDCAS.TeeRetVal | CAS and TEE communication return value object. | See clause Y.3.13 | + +# 7 Invocation mechanism + +The TVOS application framework layer consists of a JAVA application framework and a WEB application framework which respectively form application programming interfaces for JAVA application and WEB application at the application layer to be invoked so that these applications can complete their respective functions. + +The invocation model of the TVOS application programming interface is shown in Figure 1. + +![Figure 1: Invocation model of TVOS application programming interface. The diagram shows three horizontal layers. The top layer is labeled 'Application layer' and contains two rounded rectangles: 'JAVA application' and 'WEB application'. Above these is a list of application types: 'DTV/OTT/payment /game/e-commerce/smart home/...'. The middle layer is a single row labeled 'Application programming interface'. The bottom layer is labeled 'Application framework' and contains two rounded rectangles: 'JAVA application framework' and 'WEB application framework'. A small label 'J.1206(24)' is at the bottom right.](b2f5606b9c7184c1c6070a290080a3e3_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: Invocation model of TVOS application programming interface. The diagram shows three horizontal layers. The top layer is labeled 'Application layer' and contains two rounded rectangles: 'JAVA application' and 'WEB application'. Above these is a list of application types: 'DTV/OTT/payment /game/e-commerce/smart home/...'. The middle layer is a single row labeled 'Application programming interface'. The bottom layer is labeled 'Application framework' and contains two rounded rectangles: 'JAVA application framework' and 'WEB application framework'. A small label 'J.1206(24)' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 1 – Invocation model of TVOS application programming interface** + +JAVA application uses TVOS JAVA application programming interface to implement corresponding functions through introducing Jar packet containing TVOS JAVA application programming interface in the development process. + +WEB application implements corresponding functions through introducing all kinds of built-in JavaScript objects provided by TVOS WEB application programming interface in the development process. + +# Annex A + +## JAVA-unidirectional broadcast network access unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +## A.1 Overview + +This annex defines the JAVA interface of the unidirectional broadcast network access unit, which is mainly the tuning and demodulation module, realizing the function of tuning and demodulation. + +## A.2 Tuning and demodulation module + +The tuning and demodulation module defines interfaces, classes and exceptions related to tuning and demodulation. + +See Table A.1 for the summary of tuning and demodulation module. + +**Table A.1 – Summary of the tuning and demodulation module** + +| Interface | | +|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DeliverySystemType | Definitions of constants of the delivery system type under the DVB technology system. | +| TuningParameters | Tuning and demodulation parameter interface. | +| TuningListener | The network interface event listener interface, providing a callback method for handling network interface related events, which is implemented by the application layer. | +| Classes | | +| DvbcTuningParameters | A tuning and demodulation parameter class applicable to the DVB-C delivery system. | +| AbsssTuningParameters | A tuning and demodulation parameter class applicable to the ABS-SS delivery system. | +| DtmbTuningParameters | A tuning and demodulation parameter class applicable to the DTMB delivery system. | +| TunerEvent | A class of tuner and demodulator events, which is a base class of network interface related events. | +| TunerTuningEvent | An event that the network interface starts tuning, inheriting the TunerEvent class. | +| TunerTuningOverEvent | An event that the tuning ends, inheriting the TunerEvent class. | +| Tuner | Tuning and demodulation control interface. | +| TunerManager | The tuning and demodulation manager class, which is used to track the broadcast network interface connected to the receiving device. It is the entry class of the tuning and demodulation unit. | +| Exceptions | | +| TunerException | Network interface exception, a base class of other network exceptions. | +| IncorrectLocatorException | An exception where the format of the locator is incorrect. It inherits the TunerException class. | +| StreamNotFoundException | No exception is found in the stream. It inherits the TunerException class. This exception is thrown when reference to the transport stream cannot be resolved. | + +**Table A.1 – Summary of the tuning and demodulation module** + +| | | +|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TuningParameterNotFoundException | This exception is thrown when failed to obtain the current tuning and demodulation parameters or when the DeliverySystemType is wrong. | +|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| + +#### **A.2.1 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DeliverySystemType** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DeliverySystemType + +Description: Definition of constants of the delivery system type under the DVB technology system, including the definitions of constants of the following three types of delivery systems: DVB-C, DTMB and ABS-SS. + +##### **A.2.1.1 Constant field – delivery system type** + +###### **A.2.1.1.1 SATELLITE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public final static int SATELLITE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM = 0 + +Description: delivery system type – ABS-SS. + +###### **A.2.1.1.2 CABLE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public final static int CABLE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM = 1 + +Description: delivery system type – DVB-C. + +###### **A.2.1.1.3 TERRESTRIAL\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public final static int TERRESTRIAL\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM = 2 + +Description: delivery system type – DTMB (National Standard Terrestrial Digital TV). + +###### **A.2.1.1.4 UNKNOWN\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public final static int UNKNOWN\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM = 0xFF + +Description: Unknown error type. + +#### **A.2.2 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters + +Description: Tuning and demodulation parameter interface. + +##### **A.2.2.1 Method** + +###### **A.2.2.1.1 getDeliverySystemType** + +Prototype: public int getDeliverySystemType() + +Description: Getting the applicable delivery system type suitable for tuning and demodulation parameters. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the delivery system type. For the value, please refer to the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DeliverySystemType interface and the "delivery system type" constant field definition. + +#### **A.2.3 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningListener + +Description: Network interface event listener interface, providing a callback method for handling network interface related events, which is implemented by the application layer. + +##### **A.2.3.1 Method** + +##### **A.2.3.1.1 receiveNIEvent** + +Prototype: public abstract void receiveNIEvent (org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerEvent anEvent) + +Description: Network interface event callback method. + +Parameter: anEvent – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner. A TunerEvent object, indicating a network interface event. + +Return: None. + +#### **A.2.4 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DvbcTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DvbcTuningParameters implements org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters + +Description: Tuning and demodulation parameters type, applicable to the DVB-C delivery system. For getDeliverySystemType(), the return value of the method is fixed to DeliverySystemType.CABLE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM. + +##### **A.2.4.1 Constant field – modulation method** + +###### **A.2.4.1.1 DVB\_C\_MOD\_UNDEFINED** + +Prototype: public static final int DVB\_C\_MOD\_UNDEFINED = 0 + +Description: DVB-C modulation method – undefined. + +###### **A.2.4.1.2 DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM16** + +Prototype: public static final int DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM16 = 1 + +Description: DVB-C modulation method – 16-QAM. + +###### **A.2.4.1.3 DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM32** + +Prototype: public static final int DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM32 = 2 + +Description: DVB-C modulation method – 32-QAM. + +###### **A.2.4.1.4 DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM64** + +Prototype: public static final int DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM64 = 3 + +Description: DVB-C modulation method – 64-QAM. + +###### **A.2.4.1.5 DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM128** + +Prototype: public static final int DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM128 = 4 + +Description: DVB-C modulation method – 128-QAM. + +###### **A.2.4.1.6 DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM256** + +Prototype: public static final int DVB\_C\_MOD\_QAM256 = 5 + +Description: DVB-C modulation method – 256-QAM. + +##### **A.2.4.2 Method** + +###### **A.2.4.2.1 DvbcTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public DvbcTuningParameters() + +Description: A construction method, creating a default DVB-C tuning and demodulation parameter object. + +Parameter: None. + +###### **A.2.4.2.2 DvbcTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public DvbcTuningParameters(int frequency, int modulation, int symbolRate) + +Description: A construction method, creating a DVB-C tuning and demodulation parameter object according to the input parameters. + +Parameter: frequency – Int type, indicating the center frequency of DVB-C signal, in kHz; + +modulation – Int type, indicating the DVB-C signal modulation method. For the value, please refer to the "modulation method" constant field definition of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DvbcTuningParameters class; + +symbolRate – Int type, indicating the symbol rate of the DVB-C signal, in ksymbols/s. + +###### **A.2.4.2.3 setFrequency** + +Prototype: public void setFrequency(int frequency) + +Description: Setting the DVB-C signal tuning frequency. + +Parameter: frequency – Int type, indicating the center frequency of the DVB-C signal, in kHz. + +Return: None. + +###### **A.2.4.2.4 getFrequency** + +Prototype: public int getFrequency() + +Description: Getting DVB-C signal tuning frequency. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the tuning frequency of the DVB-C signal, in kHz. + +###### **A.2.4.2.5 setModulation** + +Prototype: public void setModulation(int modulation) + +Description: Setting the modulation method. + +Parameter: Int type, indicating DVB-C signal modulation method. For the value, please refer to the "modulation method" constant field definition of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DvbcTuningParameters class. + +Return: None. + +##### **A.2.4.2.6 getModulation** + +Prototype: public int getModulation() + +Description: Getting the modulation method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating DVB-C signal modulation method. For the value, please refer to the "modulation method" constant field definition of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DvbcTuningParameters class. + +##### **A.2.4.2.7 setSymbolRate** + +Prototype: public void setSymbolRate(int symbolRate) + +Description: Setting the symbol rate of the DVB-C signal. + +Parameter: symbolRate – Int type, indicating the symbol rate of the DVB-C signal, in ksymbols/s. + +Return: None. + +##### **A.2.4.2.8 getSymbolRate** + +Prototype: public int getSymbolRate() + +Description: Getting DVB-C signal symbol rate. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the symbol rate of the DVB-C signal, in ksymbol/s. + +#### **A.2.5 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.AbsssTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.AbsssTuningParameters implements org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters + +Description: Tuning parameter class, applicable to the ABS-SS delivery system. + +For getDeliverySystemType(), the method return value is fixed to SATELLITE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM. + +##### **A.2.5.1 Constant field – polarization method** + +###### **A.2.5.1.1 ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_LINEAR\_H** + +Prototype: public static final int ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_LINEAR\_H = 0 + +Description: ABS-SS polarization method – horizontal line polarization. + +###### **A.2.5.1.2 ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_LINEAR\_V** + +Prototype: public static final int ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_LINEAR\_V = 1 + +Description: ABS-SS polarization method – vertical line polarization. + +##### **A.2.5.1.3 ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_CIRCULAR\_L** + +Prototype: public static final int ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_CIRCULAR\_L = 2 + +Description: ABS-SS polarization method – Left-hand circular polarization. + +###### **A.2.5.1.4 ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_CIRCULAR\_R** + +Prototype: public static final int ABS\_SS\_POLAR\_CIRCULAR\_R = 3 + +Description: ABS-SS polarization method – Right-hand circular polarization. + +##### **A.2.5.2 Method** + +###### **A.2.5.2.1 AbsssTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public AbsssTuningParameters() + +Description: A construction method, creating a default ABS-SS tuning and demodulation parameter object. + +Parameter: None. + +###### **A.2.5.2.2 AbsssTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public AbsssTuningParameters(int frequency, int symbolRate, int polarization) + +Description: A construction method, creating an ABS-SS tuning and demodulation parameter object according to the input parameters. + +Parameter: frequency – Int type, indicating the center frequency of the ABS-SS signal, in MHz; +symbolRate – Int type, indicating the symbol rate of ABS-SS signal, in ksymbol/s; + +polarization – Int type, indicating the polarization method of the ABS-SS signal. + +###### **A.2.5.2.3 setFrequency** + +Prototype: public void setFrequency(int freq) + +Description: Setting the center frequency of the ABS-SS signal. + +Parameter: freq – Int type, indicating the center frequency of the ABS-SS signal, in MHz. + +Return: None. + +###### **A.2.5.2.4 getFrequency** + +Prototype: public int getFrequency() + +Description: Getting the center frequency of the ABS-SS signal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the center frequency of the ABS-SS signal, in MHz. + +###### **A.2.5.2.5 setPolarization** + +Prototype: public void setPolarization (int polarization) + +Description: Setting the polarization method. + +Parameter: polarization – Int type, indicating the polarization method of the ABS-SS signal. + +Return: None. + +###### **A.2.5.2.6 getPolarization** + +Prototype: public int getPolarization() + +Description: Getting ABS-SS signal polarization method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the polarization method of the ABS-SS signal. + +##### **A.2.5.2.7 setSymbolRate** + +Prototype: public void setSymbolRate(int symbolRate) + +Description: Setting the symbol rate of the ABS-SS signal. + +Parameter: Int type, indicating the symbol rate of the ABS-SS signal, in ksymbol/s. + +Return: None. + +###### **A.2.5.2.8 getSymbolRate** + +Prototype: public int getSymbolRate() + +Description: Getting the symbol rate of the ABS-SS signal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the symbol rate of the ABS-SS signal, in ksymbol/s. + +#### **A.2.6 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DtmbTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DtmbTuningParameters implements org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters + +Description: Tuning and demodulation parameter class, applicable to the DTMB delivery system. For getDeliverySystemType(), the method return value is fixed to TERRESTRIAL\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM. + +##### **A.2.6.1 Constant field – demodulation method** + +###### **A.2.6.1.1 DTMB\_MOD\_UNDEFINED** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_UNDEFINED = 0 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – undefined. + +###### **A.2.6.1.2 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM4** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM4 = 1 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 4-QAM. + +###### **A.2.6.1.3 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM4\_NR** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM4\_NR = 2 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 4-QAM-NR. + +##### **A.2.6.1.4 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM16** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM16 = 3 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 16-QAM. + +###### **A.2.6.1.5 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM32** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM32 = 4 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 32-QAM. + +###### **A.2.6.1.6 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM64** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM64 = 5 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 64-QAM. + +###### **A.2.6.1.7 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM128** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM128 = 6 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 128-QAM. + +##### **A.2.6.1.8 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM256** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM256 = 7 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 256-QAM. + +###### **A.2.6.1.9 DTMB\_MOD\_QAM512** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_MOD\_QAM512 = 8 + +Description: DTMB demodulation method – 512-QAM. + +##### **A.2.6.1.10 DTMB\_BANDWIDTH\_6M** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_BANDWIDTH\_6M = 6000 + +Description: DTMB frequency bandwidth 6M. + +##### **A.2.6.1.11 DTMB\_BANDWIDTH\_7M** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_BANDWIDTH\_7M = 7000 + +Description: DTMB frequency bandwidth 7M. + +###### **A.2.6.1.12 DTMB\_BANDWIDTH\_8M** + +Prototype: public static final int DTMB\_BANDWIDTH\_8M = 8000 + +Description: DTMB frequency bandwidth 8M. + +##### **A.2.6.2 Method** + +###### **A.2.6.2.1 DtmbTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public DtmbTuningParameters() + +Description: A construction method, creating a default DTMB tuning and demodulation parameter object. + +Parameter: None. + +###### **A.2.6.2.2 DtmbTuningParameters** + +Prototype: public DtmbTuningParameters(int frequency, int modulation) + +Description: A construction method, creating a DTMB tuning and demodulation parameter object based on the input parameters. + +Parameter: frequency – Int type, indicating the center frequency of the DTMB signal, in kHz. + +modulation – Int type, indicating the modulation method of the DTMB signal. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of the "modulation method" of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DtmbTuningParameters class. + +###### **A.2.6.2.3 setFrequency** + +Prototype: public void setFrequency(int frequency) + +Description: Setting the center frequency of the DTMB signal. + +Parameter: frequency – Int type, indicating the center frequency of the DTMB signal, in kHz. + +Return: None. + +###### **A.2.6.2.4 setModulation** + +Prototype: public void setModulation (int modulation) + +Description: Setting the DTMB signal modulation method. + +Parameter: modulation – Int type, indicating the modulation method of the DTMB signal. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of the "modulation method" of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DtmbTuningParameters class. + +Return: None. + +##### **A.2.6.2.5 setBandWidth** + +Prototype: public void setBandWidth(int bandWidth) + +Description: Setting the DTMB frequency bandwidth. + +Parameter: bandWidth – Int type, indicating the DTMB frequency bandwidth. + +Return: None. + +##### **A.2.6.2.6 getFrequency** + +Prototype: public int getFrequency() + +Description: Getting the center frequency of the DTMB signal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the center frequency of the DTMB signal, in kHz. + +##### **A.2.6.2.7 getModulation** + +Prototype: public int getModulation() + +Description: Getting the DTMB signal modulation method. After successful tuning and demodulation, call this method to return the modulation mode of the DTMB signal, otherwise the return value is meaningless. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the modulation method of the DTMB signal. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of the "modulation method" of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DtmbTuningParameters class. + +##### **A.2.6.2.8 getBandWidth** + +Prototype: public int getBandWidth() + +Description: Getting the DTMB frequency bandwidth. After successful tuning and demodulation, call this method to return the frequency bandwidth of the DTMB signal, otherwise the return value is meaningless. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the DTMB frequency bandwidth. + +##### **A.2.6.2.9 getCodingRatio** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getCodingRatio() + +Description: Getting DTMB signal coding efficiency. After successful tuning and demodulation, call this method to return the coding efficiency of the DTMB signal, otherwise the return value is meaningless. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the string description of the DTMB signal encoding efficiency, which can be "0.4", "0.6" or "0.8". + +##### **A.2.6.2.10 getPNMode** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getPNMode() + +Description: Getting the DTMB signal frame header mode. After successful tuning and demodulation, call this method to return the frame header mode of the DTMB signal, otherwise the return value is meaningless. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the DTMB signal frame header mode, such as "PN945". + +#### **A.2.7 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerEvent** + +Prototype: public abstract class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerEvent extends java.lang.Object + +Description: A tuner and demodulator event class, the base class of a group of network interface related events defined by this package. + +##### **A.2.7.1 Method** + +##### **A.2.7.1.1 TunerEvent** + +Prototype: public TunerEvent(java.lang.Object tuner) + +Description: Construction method. + +Parameter: tuner – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the tuner that issued this event. + +##### **A.2.7.1.2 getSource** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getSource() + +Description: Getting the object that generated the event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.Object object, returning the object that generated the event. + +#### **A.2.8 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerTuningEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerTuningEvent extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerEvent + +Description: An event that the network interface starts tuning, inheriting the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerEvent class. + +##### **A.2.8.1 Method** + +##### **A.2.8.1.1 TunerTuningEvent** + +Prototype: public TunerTuningEvent (Object tuner) + +Description: Construction method. + +Parameter: tuner – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the tuner object that starts tuning. + +#### **A.2.9 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerTuningOverEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerTuningOverEvent extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerEvent + +Description: An event that the tuning ends, inheriting the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerEvent class. + +##### **A.2.9.1 Constant field – tuning result** + +###### **A.2.9.1.1 SUCCEEDED** + +Prototype: public final static int SUCCEEDED = 0 + +Description: The frequency lock is successful. + +##### **A.2.9.1.2 FAILED** + +Prototype: public final static int FAILED = 1 + +Description: The frequency lock fails. + +##### **A.2.9.2 Method** + +###### **A.2.9.2.1 TunerTuningOverEvent** + +Prototype: public TunerTuningOverEvent(java.lang.Object tuner, int status) + +Description: Construction method. + +Parameter: tuner – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the network interface that completes the tuning; + +status – Int type, indicating the status code that indicates whether the tuning action is successful. + +Return: None. + +###### **A.2.9.2.2 getStatus** + +Prototype: public int getStatus() + +Description: Getting the status code of the end of the tuning operation. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the status code of the end of the tuning. The value can be SUCCEEDED or FAILED. + +#### **A.2.10 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.Tuner** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.Tuner + +Description: A tuning and demodulation controller class. + +##### **A.2.10.1 Method** + +###### **A.2.10.1.1 tune** + +Prototype: public void tune(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters tuningParameters) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException, org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException + +Description: An asynchronous method, performing tuning and demodulation according to the specified tuning and demodulation parameters. + +- If an exception occurs, the state of the network interface will remain unchanged and no event will be generated; +- If no exception occurs, this method will send org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerTuningEvent and org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerTuningOverEvent events to the network interface event listener. + +Parameter: tuningParameters – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters object, indicating the tuning parameters. The method will further determine the type of the input parameter through the instanceof method. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input tuning and demodulation parameters are invalid, this exception is thrown. + +org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException – If the tuning fails, this exception is thrown. + +##### **A.2.10.1.2 getSignalIntensity** + +Prototype: public int getSignalIntensity() + +Description: Getting the signal strength (signal level) of the current tuning frequency point. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the signal strength expressed as a percentage, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating the signal strength is the weakest, and 100 indicating the signal strength is the strongest. + +##### **A.2.10.1.3 getSignalQuality** + +Prototype: public int getSignalQuality() + +Description: Getting the signal quality (signal-to-noise ratio) of the current tuning frequency point. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the signal quality expressed as a percentage, the value range being 0 to 100, 0 indicating the signal quality is the worst, and 100 indicating the signal quality is the best. + +##### **A.2.10.1.4 getCurrentTunningParam** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters getCurrentTunningParam() +throws org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameterNotFoundException + +Description: Getting the tuning parameters of the current tuning frequency point. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Getting the tuning parameters of the current tuning frequency point. When it fails or org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DeliverySystemType is wrong, an exception is thrown. After successful acquisition, you need to determine the specific type of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters instance. + +##### **A.2.10.1.5 addNetworkInterfaceListener** + +Prototype: public void addNetworkInterfaceListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningListener listener) + +Description: Register the network interface event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningListener object, indicating the network interface event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +###### **A.2.10.1.6 removeNetworkInterfaceListener** + +Prototype: public void removeNetworkInterfaceListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningListener listener) + +Description: Log off the network interface event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningListener object, indicating the network interface event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +##### **A.2.10.1.7 getCurrentTransportStream** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream getCurrentTransportStream() + +Description: Getting the transport stream to which the current broadcast network interface is tuned. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream object, indicating the transport stream to which the current network interface is tuned. If the current network interface is not tuned to any transport stream, null is returned. + +###### **A.2.10.1.8 getDeliverySystemType** + +Prototype: public int getDeliverySystemType() + +Description: Getting the current broadcast network interface delivery type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the delivery type of the current network interface. + +#### **A.2.11 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerManager + +Description: The modulation demodulation manager class is used to track the broadcast network interface connected to the receiving device, and is the entry class of the tuning and demodulation unit. + +##### **A.2.11.1 Method** + +###### **A.2.11.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerManager getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the TunerManager class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner, a TunerManager class singleton. + +###### **A.2.11.1.2 getNetworkInterfaces** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.Tuner[] getNetworkInterfaces() + +Description: Getting an array of all network interface objects connected to the receiving device. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of Tuner objects. If not, it returns null. + +#### **A.2.12 Exception org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException extends java.lang.Exception + +Description: Network interface exception, a group of base classes for other network exceptions defined by this package. + +#### **A.2.13 Exception org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.IncorrectLocatorException** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.IncorrectLocatorException extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException + +Description: An exception that the format of the locator is incorrect. It inherits the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException class. + +#### **A.2.14 Exception org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.StreamNotFoundException** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.StreamNotFoundException extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException + +Description: No exception is found in the stream. It inherits the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException class. This exception is thrown when the reference to the transport stream cannot be resolved because the transport stream is not in the StreamTable. + +#### **A.2.15 Exception org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameterNotFoundException** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameterNotFoundException extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException + +Description: It inherits org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TunerException class. When getting the current tuning and demodulation parameters fails or org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.DeliverySystemType is wrong, this exception is thrown. + +# Annex B + +## JAVA-Broadcast protocol processing unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +## B.1 Overview + +This annex defines JAVA interfaces related to broadcast protocol processing, including MPEG object definition module, DVB object definition module, SECTION segment filtering module, URL encapsulation module, DVB locator module and broadcast protocol processing module. + +## B.2 MPEG object definition module + +The MPEG object definition module defines the most basic objects under the MPEG-2 system and the exceptions in the system. + +Defined the most basic MPEG-2 objects are: + +- Transport Stream; +- Elementary Stream; +- Service. + +Defined MPEG-2 exceptions are: + +- Not Authorized Exception; +- Resource Exception; +- Tuning Exception. + +The summary of MPEG object definition module is shown in Table B.1. + +**Table B.1 – Summary of MPEG object definition module** + +| | | +|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| NotAuthorizedInterface | An unauthorized broadcast content report interface, defining the failure reason constant and providing a method to find the failure reason. | +| Class | | +| TransportStream | An MPEG-2 transport stream class, indicating an MPEG-2 transport stream (TS) and providing a method for obtaining transport stream information. | +| ElementaryStream | An MPEG-2 elementary stream class, indicating an elementary stream (ES) carried in a transport stream (TS) and providing a method for obtaining elementary stream information. | +| Service | An MPEG-2 service class, indicating an MPEG-2 service carried in the transport stream, and providing a method for obtaining service information. | +| Exception | | +| NotAuthorizedException | An unauthorized broadcast content exception, implements NotAuthorizedInterface interface, thrown when accessing unauthorized scrambled data. | +| TuningException | Tuning and demodulation exception, thrown when tuning and demodulation fails. | +| ResourceException | Resource exception, thrown when operation cannot be performed due to lack of resources. | + +#### **B.2.1 Interface org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedInterface** + +Prototype: public interface org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedInterface + +Description: An unauthorized broadcast content report interface, defines the failure reason constant, and providing a method to find the failure reason. + +Example: + +- (1) Call the getType() method to determine whether the descrambling failure occurred in the service or the basic stream: + - If the getType() method returns SERVICE, call the getService() method to obtain the org.davic.mpeg.Service object that cannot be descrambled; + - If the getType() method returns ELEMENTARY\_STREAM, call the getElementaryStreams() method to obtain an array of org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream objects that cannot be descrambled; +- (2) Call the getReason() method to get the specific reason why it cannot be descrambled: + - POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS, including the following secondary reasons: + - 1.1 COMMERCIAL\_DIALOG + - 1.2 MATURITY\_RATING\_DIALOG + - 1.3 TECHNICAL\_DIALOG + - 1.4 FREE\_PREVIEW\_DIALOG + - 1.5 OTHER + - NOT\_POSSIBLE, including the following secondary reasons: + - 1.6 NO\_ENTITLEMENT + - 1.7 MATURITY\_RATING + - 1.8 TECHNICAL + - 1.9 GEOGRAPHICAL\_BLACKOUT + - 1.10 OTHER + +##### **B.2.1.1 Constant field – main reason for failure** + +###### **B.2.1.1.1 POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS** + +Prototype: public static final int POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS = 0 + +Description: Main reason for failure – Accessible under certain conditions. + +###### **B.2.1.1.2 NOT\_POSSIBLE** + +Prototype: public static final int NOT\_POSSIBLE = 1 + +Description: Main reason for failure – Impossible to access. + +##### **B.2.1.2 Constant field – secondary reason for failure** + +###### **B.2.1.2.1 COMMERCIAL\_DIALOG** + +Prototype: public static final int COMMERCIAL\_DIALOG = 1 + +Description: The secondary reason for POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS – A conversation about payment is required. + +###### **B.2.1.2.2 MATURITY\_RATING\_DIALOG** + +Prototype: public static final int MATURITY\_RATING\_DIALOG = 2 + +Description: The secondary reason for POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS – A conversation about age restrictions is required. + +###### **B.2.1.2.3 TECHNICAL\_DIALOG** + +Prototype: public static final int TECHNICAL\_DIALOG = 3 + +Description: The secondary reason for POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS – A dialogue about technical support is required. + +###### **B.2.1.2.4 FREE\_PREVIEW\_DIALOG** + +Prototype: public static final int FREE\_PREVIEW\_DIALOG = 4 + +Description: The secondary reason for POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS – A dialogue explaining the free preview is required. + +###### **B.2.1.2.5 NO\_ENTITLEMENT** + +Prototype: public static final int NO\_ENTITLEMENT = 1 + +Description: The secondary reason for NOT\_POSSIBLE – The user is not authorized. + +###### **B.2.1.2.6 MATURITY\_RATING** + +Prototype: public static final int MATURITY\_RATING = 2 + +Description: The secondary reason for NOT\_POSSIBLE – Operation is not allowed due to age reasons. + +###### **B.2.1.2.7 TECHNICAL** + +Prototype: public static final int TECHNICAL = 3 + +Description: The secondary reason for NOT\_POSSIBLE – The operation is not allowed due to some technical reasons. + +###### **B.2.1.2.8 GEOGRAPHICAL\_BLACKOUT** + +Prototype: public static final int GEOGRAPHICAL\_BLACKOUT = 4 + +Description: The secondary reason for NOT\_POSSIBLE – Operation is not allowed due to geographic reasons. + +###### **B.2.1.2.9 OTHER** + +Prototype: public static final int OTHER = 5 + +Description: The secondary reason for POSSIBLE\_UNDER\_CONDITIONS and NOT\_POSSIBLE – Other reasons. + +##### **B.2.1.3 Constant field – MPEG-2 object** + +###### **B.2.1.3.1 SERVICE** + +Prototype: public static final int SERVICE = 0 + +Description: The MPEG-2 object where the error occurred – Access to the service object is denied. + +###### **B.2.1.3.2 ELEMENTARY\_STREAM** + +Prototype: public static final int ELEMENTARY\_STREAM = 1 + +Description: The MPEG-2 object where the error occurred – Access to the elementary stream object is denied. + +##### **B.2.1.4 Method** + +###### **B.2.1.4.1 getType** + +Prototype: public int getType() + +Description: Getting the MPEG-2 object type where the unauthorized error occurred. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the type of MPEG-2 object that cannot be descrambled. The value can be SERVICE or ELEMENTARY\_STREAM. For details, see the "MPEG-2 Object" constant field definition of the org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedInterface interface. + +###### **B.2.1.4.2 getService** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.Service getService() + +Description: Getting MPEG-2 service objects that cannot be descrambled. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A service object, indicating a service that cannot be descrambled. + +- If the type returned by the getType() method is SERVICE, this method returns a service object that cannot be descrambled; +- If the type returned by the getType() method is ELEMENTARY\_STREAM, this method returns null. + +###### **B.2.1.4.3 getElementaryStreams** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream[] getElementaryStreams() + +Description: Getting the elementary stream object that cannot be descrambled. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of ElementaryStream objects, indicating an elementary stream that cannot be descrambled. Otherwise, it returns null. + +- If the type returned by the getType() method is ELEMENTARY\_STREAM, this method returns an array of elementary stream objects that cannot be descrambled; +- If the type returned by the getType() method is SERVICE, this method returns null. + +###### **B.2.1.4.4 getReason** + +Prototype: public int[] getReason(int index) throws java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException + +Description: Getting the reason why it cannot be descrambled. + +Parameter: index – Int type, indicating the serial number of the component. + +- If the descrambling of the MPEG-2 service object fails, this parameter is set to 0; +- If the descrambling of the MPEG-2 elementary stream object fails, the index parameter indicates the sequence number of the org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream object array returned by the getElementaryStreams() method. + +Return: Int type array, the length of the array is 2, int[0] indicating the main reason, int[1] indicating the secondary reason. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition "main reason for failure" and "secondary reason for failure" of the org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedInterface interface. + +Exception: java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException – If the MPEG-2 service object descrambling fails and the index parameter takes a non-zero value, this exception is thrown; if the MPEG-2 elementary stream object descrambling fails, and the index exceeds the length of the ElementaryStream array returned by the getElementaryStreams() method, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.2.2 Class org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream + +Description: An MPEG-2 transport stream class, indicating an MPEG-2 transport stream (TS), and providing a method for obtaining transport stream information. A transport stream object, indicating a transport stream that can be accessed through a specific network interface, which indicates that there is an implicit relationship between the transport stream object and the network interface. Therefore, if multiple network interfaces send the same transport stream at the same time, a separate transport stream object should also be constructed for the transport stream sent by each interface. + +##### **B.2.2.1 Method** + +###### **B.2.2.1.1 getTransportStreamId** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamId() + +Description: Obtain the transport stream identifier (that is, obtain the transport\_stream\_id field information in the PAT). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the identifier of the transport stream. + +##### **B.2.2.1.2 retrieveService** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.Service retrieveService(int serviceId) + +Description: Obtain the service object carried in the transport stream according to the specified service identifier. + +Parameter: serviceId – Int type, indicating the service identifier of the requested service. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.Service object, indicating the requested service. If the specified service does not exist, null is returned. + +##### **B.2.2.1.3 retrieveServices** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.Service[] retrieveServices() + +Description: Getting all service objects carried in the transport stream. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of service objects, indicating all the services carried in the transport stream. If there is no service object, null is returned. + +#### **B.2.3 Class org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream + +Description: An MPEG-2 elementary stream class, indicating an elementary stream (ES) carried in a transport stream (TS), and providing a method for obtaining elementary stream information. If an elementary stream is used for multiple services, multiple instances of this class should be implemented, that is, one instance is used for one service object. + +Description: The elementary stream information defined in this class comes from PMT. + +##### **B.2.3.1 Method** + +##### **B.2.3.1.1 getPID** + +Prototype: public int getPID() + +Description: Obtain the PID value of the transport packet carrying the elementary stream. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the PID value of the transport packet carrying the elementary stream. + +##### **B.2.3.1.2 getAssociationTag** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Integer getAssociationTag() + +Description: Obtain the DSM-CC association identifier of the elementary stream. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.Integer object, indicating the DSM-CC associated identifier of the elementary stream, or null is returned if there is no associated identifier. + +##### **B.2.3.1.3 getService** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.Service getService() + +Description: Getting the service to which the elementary stream belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.Service object, indicating the service that contains the elementary stream. + +#### **B.2.4 Class org.davic.mpeg.Service** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.Service + +Description: An MPEG-2 service class, indicating an MPEG-2 service carried in the transport stream, and providing a method for obtaining service information. + +##### **B.2.4.1 Method** + +##### **B.2.4.1.1 getServiceId** + +Prototype: public int getServiceId() + +Description: Getting the service identifier (service\_id). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service identifier of the service. + +##### **B.2.4.1.2 getTransportStream** + +Prototype: org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream getTransportStream() + +Description: Obtain the transport stream object that carries the service. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream object, indicating the transport stream object that carries the service. + +##### **B.2.4.1.3 retrieveElementaryStream** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream retrieveElementaryStream(int pid) + +Description: According to the specified transport stream PID, obtain the elementary stream objects contained in the service. + +Parameter: pid – Int type, indicating the identifier of the transport packet that carries the elementary stream. + +Return: An ElementaryStream object indicating the elementary stream contained in the service, returning null if no specified elementary stream object is found. + +##### **B.2.4.1.4 retrieveElementaryStreams** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream[] retrieveElementaryStreams() + +Description: Getting all the elementary stream objects in the service. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream object array indicating all the elementary streams in the service, and returning null if none. + +#### **B.2.5 Exception org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException extends java.lang.Exception implements NotAuthorizedInterface + +Description: Unauthorized broadcast content exception, thrown when accessing unauthorized scrambled data. + +#### **B.2.6 Exception org.davic.mpeg.TuningException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.TuningException extends java.lang.Exception + +Description: Tuning and demodulation exception, thrown when tuning and demodulation fails. + +#### **B.2.7 Exception org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException extends java.lang.Exception + +Description: Resource lack exception, thrown when operations cannot be performed due to resource lack. + +### **B.3 DVB object definition module** + +The DVB object definition module defines the basic objects of MPEG-2 under the DVB system: + +- DVB transport stream class (org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbTransportStream); +- DVB elementary stream class (org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbElementaryStream); +- DVB broadcasting service class (org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbService). + +The summary of DVB object definition module is shown in Table B.2. + +**Table B.2 – Summary of DVB object definition module** + +| Class | | +|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DvbElementaryStream | A DVB elementary stream class, indicating an MPEG-2 elementary stream (ES) that conforms to the semantic constraints of DVB carried in a transport stream (TS), and providing a method for obtaining DVB elementary stream information. | +| DvbService | A DVB service class, indicating an MPEG-2 service that conforms to the semantic constraints of DVB carried in the transport stream, and providing a method for obtaining DVB service information. | +| DvbTransportStream | A DVB transport stream class, indicating an MPEG-2 transport stream that conforms to the semantic constraints of DVB, and providing a method for obtaining DVB transport stream information. | + +#### **B.3.1 Class org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbElementaryStream** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbElementaryStream extends org.davic.mpeg.ElementaryStream + +Description: A DVB elementary stream class, indicating an MPEG-2 elementary stream (ES) that conforms to the semantic constraints of DVB carried in a transport stream (TS), and providing a method for obtaining DVB elementary stream information. + +##### **B.3.1.1 Method** + +##### **B.3.1.1.1 getComponentTag** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Integer getComponentTag() + +Description: Getting the component tag of the DVB elementary stream (that is, get the value of the component\_tag field in the descriptor of the stream\_identifier\_descriptor). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.Integer object, indicating the component tag of the DVB elementary stream. If there is no component tag (that is, the ES stream ring does not carry the descriptor of the stream\_identifier\_descriptor), it returns null. + +#### **B.3.2 Class org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbService** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbService extends org.davic.mpeg.Service + +Description: A DVB service class, indicating an MPEG-2 service that conforms to the semantic constraints of DVB carried in the transport stream, and providing a method for obtaining DVB service information. + +##### **B.3.2.1 Method** + +##### **B.3.2.1.1 retrieveDvbElementaryStream** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbElementaryStream retrieveDvbElementaryStream(int componentTag) + +Description: Obtain the DVB elementary stream contained in the DVB service according to the specified component tag. + +Parameter: componentTag – Int type, indicating the component tag value of the DVB elementary stream. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbElementaryStream object, indicating the DVB elementary stream object. If the DVB elementary stream specified by the parameter componentTag does not exist, null is returned. + +#### **B.3.3 Class org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbTransportStream** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.dvb.DvbTransportStream extends org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream + +Description: A DVB transport stream class, indicating an MPEG-2 transport stream that conforms to the semantic constraints of DVB, and providing a method for obtaining DVB transport stream information. + +##### **B.3.3.1 Method** + +##### **B.3.3.1.1 getNetworkId** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkId() + +Description: Getting the network ID of the network where the DVB transport stream is located. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier of the network where the transport stream is located. + +##### **B.3.3.1.2 getOriginalNetworkId** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalNetworkId() + +Description: Getting the original network ID of the DVB transport stream. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the original network identifier of the transport stream. + +### **B.4 SECTION filter module** + +The SECTION filter module provides classes and methods related to MPEG-2 section filtering. + +The summary of the SECTION filter module is shown in Table B.3. + +**Table B.3 – Summary of the SECTION filter module** + +| | | +|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| SectionFilterListener | The section filter event listener interface, provides a callback method for section filter event handling, which is implemented by the application layer. | +| Class | | +| Section | An MPEG-2 section class, describing a section filtered from the transport stream. | +| SectionFilterGroup | A section filter group class, indicating an MPEG-2 filter group, can be activated and released as a basic operation unit. | +| SectionFilter | The section filter class, which is a base class for a group of section filter classes with different life cycles and cache length characteristics, provides basic operation methods of filters. | +| SimpleSectionFilter | The simple section filter class inherits the SectionFilter class. | +| TableSectionFilter | The table section filter class inherits the SectionFilter class. | +| RingSectionFilter | The ring section filter class inherits the SectionFilter class. | +| Event | | +| SectionFilterEvent | Section filter event class, a base class of a group of section filter event classes. | +| SectionAvailableEvent | Section data available events, inherit the SectionFilterEvent class, report filtering to a complete section. | +| VersionChangeDetectedEvent | The section filter version change event, inherits the SectionFilterEvent class. | +| EndOfFilteringEvent | Section filtering end event, inherits the SectionFilterEvent class, and reports the end of section filtering. | +| Event | | +| IncompleteFilteringEvent | Section filtering incomplete event, inherits the EndOfFilteringEvent class. | +| TimeoutEvent | Section filtering timeout event, inherits the EndOfFilteringEvent class. | +| FilterResourcesAvailableEvent | Filter resource available events, inherit the ResourceStatusEvent class. | +| ForcedDisconnectedEvent | The forced disconnection event between the section filter group and the transport stream, inherits the ResourceStatusEvent class. | +| Exception | | +| SectionFilterException | The base class for section filter exceptions. | +| ConnectionLostException | Connection lost exception, inherits the SectionFilterException class. | +| FilteringInterruptedException | Filtering interrupted exception, inherits the SectionFilterException class. | + +**Table B.3 – Summary of the SECTION filter module** + +| | | +|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| FilterResourceException | Filter resource exception, inherits the SectionFilterException class. | +| IllegalFilterDefinitionException | Illegal filter definition exception, inherits the SectionFilterException class. | +| InvalidSourceException | Invalid section data source exception, inherits the SectionFilterException class. | +| NoDataAvailableException | No data available exception of the section objects inherits the SectionFilterException class. | + +The relationship between the objects of the SECTION filter module is shown in Figure B.1. + +![UML class diagram showing relationships between ResourceServer, ResourceProxy, TransportStream, SectionFilterGroup, SectionFilter, SimpleSectionFilter, RingSectionFilter, TableSectionFilter, ResourceStatusListener, ResourceStatusEvent, SectionFilterListener, and SectionFilterEvent. Relationships include realize, attach/detach, create, inherit, callback, register/unregister, and listen.](b34c69e1ec326b01c3a485b27b1df5f6_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ResourceServer + class ResourceProxy + class TransportStream + class SectionFilterGroup + class SectionFilter + class SimpleSectionFilter + class RingSectionFilter + class TableSectionFilter + class ResourceStatusListener + class ResourceStatusEvent + class SectionFilterListener + class SectionFilterEvent + + ResourceServer <|-- TransportStream : realize + ResourceProxy <|-- TransportStream : realize + SectionFilterGroup --> TransportStream : attach/detach + SectionFilterGroup --> SectionFilter : create + SectionFilter <|-- SimpleSectionFilter : inherit + SectionFilter <|-- RingSectionFilter : inherit + SectionFilter <|-- TableSectionFilter : inherit + SectionFilterGroup --> ResourceStatusListener : callback + ResourceStatusListener --> ResourceStatusEvent : listen + SectionFilter --> SectionFilterListener : register/unregister + SectionFilterListener --> SectionFilterEvent : listen + ResourceStatusListener --> SectionFilterGroup : register/unregister + +``` + +UML class diagram showing relationships between ResourceServer, ResourceProxy, TransportStream, SectionFilterGroup, SectionFilter, SimpleSectionFilter, RingSectionFilter, TableSectionFilter, ResourceStatusListener, ResourceStatusEvent, SectionFilterListener, and SectionFilterEvent. Relationships include realize, attach/detach, create, inherit, callback, register/unregister, and listen. + +**Figure B.1 – Relationship between the objects of the SECTION filter module** + +The state transition diagram of the connection relationship between the SectionFilterGroup object and the TransportStream object is shown in Figure B.2. + +![State transition diagram for the connection relationship between SectionFilterGroup and TransportStream. States: Unconnected, Connected, Connection lost. Transitions: attach() successful, detach(), attach() failed, The system is forcibly disconnected.](3e8e3bdb3d90f0856266d4eaf36abba1_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> Unconnected + Unconnected --> Connected : attach() successful + Connected --> Unconnected : detach() + Connected --> Connection lost : The system is forcibly disconnected + Connection lost --> Unconnected : attach() failed + Connection lost --> Connected : detach() + +``` + +State transition diagram for the connection relationship between SectionFilterGroup and TransportStream. States: Unconnected, Connected, Connection lost. Transitions: attach() successful, detach(), attach() failed, The system is forcibly disconnected. + +**Figure B.2 – State transition diagram of the connection relationship between the SectionFilterGroup object and the TransportStream object** + +#### **B.4.1 Interface org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterListener extends java.util.EventListener. + +Description: The section filter event listener interface, provides a callback method for section filter event handling, which is implemented by the application layer. + +##### **B.4.1.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.1.1.1 sectionFilterUpdate** + +Prototype: void sectionFilterUpdate(org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent event) + +Description: The callback method for section filtering event handling. + +Parameter: event – An org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent object, indicating the section filtering event. The method implementer should further determine the type of event parameter through the instanceof method. + +Return: None. + +#### **B.4.2 Class org.davic.mpeg.sections.Section** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.Section implements Cloneable + +Description: The MPEG-2 section class describes a section filtered from the transport stream. The section object copied by the clone() method is an independent new object. The state change of the original object will not affect the new object. Copying objects with the clone() method must be implemented without throwing an exception. + +##### **B.4.2.1 Method** + +###### **B.4.2.1.1 clone** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object clone() + +Description: Clone the section object. The section object copied by the clone() method is an independent new object. The state change of the original object will not affect the new object. Copying objects with the clone() method must be implemented without throwing an exception. + +Rewrite: The clone() method of the object class. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Section object. + +##### **B.4.2.1.2 current\_next\_indicator** + +Prototype: public boolean current\_next\_indicator() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the current\_next\_indicator field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the current\_next\_indicator field is 1, and false indicating that the current\_next\_indicator field is 0. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.3 getByteAt** + +Prototype: public byte getByteAt(int index) throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException, java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException + +Description: Getting the specified byte of the filtered section data in the section object. + +Parameter: index-int type, indicating the position of the byte to be retrieved in the section. The index value of the first byte in the section (that is, the table\_id field) is 1. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException – This exception is thrown if the byte to be retrieved is out of the section data range. + +##### **B.4.2.1.4 getData** + +Prototype: public byte[] getData() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Obtain the filtered section data in the section object, including the section header. Each call to this method will return a new copy of the section data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.5 getData** + +Prototype: public byte[] getData(int index, int length) throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException, java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException + +Description: Getting the specified part of the filtered section data in the section object. Each call to this method will return a new copy of the section data. + +Parameter: index – Int type, indicating the position of the byte to be retrieved in the section. The index value of the first byte in the section (ie the table\_id field) is 1. + +length-int type, indicating the number of consecutive bytes of the data to be retrieved starting from the first byte. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException – This exception is thrown if a certain part of the data to be retrieved is out of the range of the section data. + +##### **B.4.2.1.6 getFullStatus** + +Prototype: public boolean getFullStatus() + +Description: Determine whether the section object contains valid data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the section object contains valid data, and false indicating that there is no valid data. + +###### **B.4.2.1.7 last\_section\_number** + +Prototype: public int last\_section\_number() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the last\_section\_number field of the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the value of the last\_section\_number field. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.8 private\_indicator** + +Prototype: public boolean private\_indicator() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the private\_indicator field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.9 section\_length** + +Prototype: public int section\_length() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the section\_length field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the value of the section\_length field in the section header. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.10 section\_number** + +Prototype: public int section\_number() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the section\_number field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Back: Int type, indicating the value of the section\_number field. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.11 section\_syntax\_indicator** + +Prototype: public boolean section\_syntax\_indicator() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the section\_syntax\_indicator field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating section\_syntax\_indicator = 1, the false value indicating section\_syntax\_indicator=0. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.12 setEmpty** + +Prototype: public void setEmpty() + +Description: The data in the set section object is no longer valid, and is generally used by org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter to indicate that the specific object can be used again. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +##### **B.4.2.1.13 table\_id\_extension** + +Prototype: public int table\_id\_extension() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the table\_id\_extension field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the value of the table\_id\_extension field. For the application, it needs to determine the specific semantics of the table\_id\_extension field according to the type of table\_id. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.2.1.14 table\_id** + +Prototype: public int table\_id() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the table\_id field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the table\_id field of the section. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +###### **B.4.2.1.15 version\_number** + +Prototype: public short version\_number() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException + +Description: Getting the value of the version\_number field in the section header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: short type, indicating the value of the version\_number field. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException – If the section data is not filtered, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.4.3 Class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup implements org.davic.resources.ResourceProxy, org.davic.resources.ResourceServer + +Description: Section filter group class, indicating an MPEG-2 filter group and can be activated and released as a basic operation unit. The purpose of this class is to minimize resource deadlocks that may occur between independent applications. + +##### **B.4.3.1 Method** + +###### **B.4.3.1.1 SectionFilterGroup** + +Prototype: public SectionFilterGroup(int numberOfFilters) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Construction method creates a section filter group object. + +Parameter: numberOfFilters – Int type, indicating the number of section filters that the section filter group needs to occupy. + +java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the parameter numberOfFilters is less than 1, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.3.1.2 SectionFilterGroup** + +Prototype: public SectionFilterGroup(int numberOfFilters, boolean resourcePriority) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Construction method creates a section filter group object. + +Parameter: numberOfFilters – Int type, indicating the number of section filters that the section filter group object needs to occupy. + +resourcePriority – boolean type, indicating the relative priority of the resources possessed between the filter group object and other objects in the sections package when there are insufficient filter resources. True value indicates high priority, and false indicates low priority. The scope of the resourcePriority parameter is limited to one application. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the parameter numberOfFilters is less than 1, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.3.1.3 addResourceStatusEventListener** + +Prototype: public synchronized void addResourceStatusEventListener +(org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusListener listener) + +Description: Register the resource status change event listener of the filter group, and implement the addResourceStatusEventListener() method in the interface org.davic.resources.ResourceProxy. If this method is called multiple times, each listener object can be notified of each resource change. + +Parameter: listener An org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusListener object, indicating the resource status change event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +##### **B.4.3.1.4 removeResourceStatusEventListener** + +Prototype: public synchronized void removeResourceStatusEventListener +(org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusListener listener) + +Description: Unregister the resource status change event listener of the filter group, and implement the removeResourceStatusEventListener() method in the ResourceProxy interface. If the listener object was not notified originally, this method has no other effect. + +Parameter: listener An org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusListener object, indicating the resource status change event listener to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +##### **B.4.3.1.5 attach** + +Prototype: public boolean attach(org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream stream, org.davic.resources.ResourceClient client, java.lang.Object requestData) throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.InvalidSourceException, org.davic.mpeg.TuningException + +Description: Associate the filter group object with the transport stream. This filter group will try to obtain the number of section filters specified when it was created. Call the attach() method again on the connected filter group and return false directly. When using filters and filter groups, the order of function calling is: filter group attach, filter startFiltering, filter stopFiltering, filter group detach. + +Parameter: stream An org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream object, indicating the transport stream object; client – An org.davic.resources.ResourceClient object, indicating the resource client, the object that needs to be notified when the filter resource is lost; + +requestData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the application-specific data passed to the resource client when the resource manager notifies that the resource is lost. + +Return: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException – If the reservation of a specific section filter fails, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.InvalidSourceException – If the specified transport stream is invalid, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.TuningException – If it is not tuned to the specified transport stream, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.3.1.6 detach** + +Prototype: public boolean detach() + +Description: Disconnect the filter group object from the transport stream. The section filter occupied by the filter group will be released. The disconnected filter group returns false directly. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +##### **B.4.3.1.7 getClient** + +Prototype: public org.davic.resources.ResourceClient getClient() + +Description: Getting the org.davic.resources.ResourceClient object specified in the attach() method so that you can be notified when the section filter is removed from the SectionFilterGroup. Implement the getClient() method in the interface org.davic.resources.ResourceProxy. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.resources.ResourceClient object, indicating a resource customer. If the filter group is not associated with the transport stream, null is returned. + +##### **B.4.3.1.8 getSource** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream getSource() + +Description: Getting the transport stream currently associated with the filter group object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.TransportStream object, indicating the transport stream associated with this filter group. If the filter group is not associated with the transport stream, null is returned. + +###### **B.4.3.1.9 newRingSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public RingSectionFilter newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Creating a ring section filter in the parent filter group. Once started, the ring section filter org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter object will use the section filter specified when the parent filter group was created. + +Parameter: ringSize – Int type, indicating the number of Section objects occupied by the ring section filter. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter object, indicating a ring section filter. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the parameter ringSize is less than 1, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.3.1.10 newRingSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public RingSectionFilter newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize, int sectionSize) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Creating a ring section filter in the parent filter group. Once started, the ring section filter org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter object will use the section filter specified when the parent filter group was created. + +Parameter: ringSize – Int type, indicating the number of Section objects occupied by the ring section filter; + +sectionSize – Int type, indicating the length of the section data buffer, in bytes. If the length of the section to be filtered is greater than this value, the excess data will be cut off, and the filtering will continue without any notification to the application. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter object, indicating a ring section filter. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the ringSize parameter is less than 1 or the sectionSize parameter is less than 1, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.3.1.11 newSimpleSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public SimpleSectionFilter newSimpleSectionFilter() + +Description: Creating a simple section filter in the parent filter group. Once started, the simple section filter org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter object will use the section filter specified when the parent filter group was created. This type of section filter has a buffer that can hold the default long section (4096 bytes). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter object, indicating a simple section filter. + +##### **B.4.3.1.12 newSimpleSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public SimpleSectionFilter newSimpleSectionFilter(int sectionSize) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Creating a simple section filter in the parent filter group. Once started, the simple section filter org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter object will use the section filter specified when the parent filter group was created. + +Parameter: sectionSize – Int type, indicating the length of the section data buffer, in bytes. If the length of the section to be filtered is greater than this value, the excess data will be cut off, and the filtering will continue without any notification to the application. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter object, indicating a simple section filter. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the sectionSize parameter is less than 1, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.3.1.13 newTableSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public TableSectionFilter newTableSectionFilter() + +Description: Creating a table section filter in the parent filter group. Once started, the simple section filter org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter object will use the section filter specified when the parent filter group was created. Each section of the table section filter has a buffer that contains the default long section (4096 bytes). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter object, indicating a table section filter. + +##### **B.4.3.1.14 newTableSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public TableSectionFilter newTableSectionFilter(int sectionSize) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Creating a table section filter in the parent filter group. Once started, the simple section filter org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter object will use the section filter specified when the parent filter group was created. + +Parameter: sectionSize – Int type, indicating the length of the section data filter buffer, in byte. When the first section is captured and the total number of sections in the table is known, each section created will have a buffer of this length. If the length of the section to be filtered is greater than this value, the excess data will be truncated and the filtering will continue without any notification to the application. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter object, indicating a table filter. Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the sectionSize parameter is less than 1, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.4.4 Class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter** + +Prototype: public abstract class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter + +Description: Section filter class, which is a base class for a group of section filter classes with different life cycles and cache length characteristics, provides a basic filter operation method. If an org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object is disassociated from the transport stream due to user or resource recovery, etc., the section filter that has already started will continue to work. Therefore, when the org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object is again associated with the transport stream, these filters will be activated again. + +##### **B.4.4.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.4.1.1 addSectionFilterListener** + +Prototype: public synchronized void addSectionFilterListener(org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterListener listener) + +Description: Register the section filter event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterListener object, indicating the section filter event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +##### **B.4.4.1.2 removeSectionFilterListener** + +Prototype: public synchronized void removeSectionFilterListener(org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterListener listener) + +Description: Unregister the section filter event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterListener object, indicating the section filter event listener to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +##### **B.4.4.1.3 setTimeout** + +Prototype: public void setTimeout(long milliseconds) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the filter timeout period. When a timeout occurs, the generated timeout event org.davic.mpeg.sections.TimeoutEvent will be sent to the section filter event listener, and the filtering will stop. + +- For org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter, if no section data arrives within a certain period of time, this timeout event will be generated; +- For org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter, if no complete table arrives within a certain period of time, this timeout event will be generated; +- For org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter, this timeout event will be generated if the filter is not successfully performed after a certain period of time since the last successful filtering. + +Parameter: milliseconds – long type, indicating the timeout period, in milliseconds. If the parameter is set to 0, the timeout effect will be invalid. Setting the timeout is only valid for subsequent operations. The default value is 0. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the milliseconds value of the timeout parameter is negative, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.4.1.4 startFiltering** + +Prototype: public boolean startFiltering(java.lang.Object appData, int pid) throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException, org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException + +Description: Start section filtering to filter out all sections carried in the transport packet specified by the pid parameter. The parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object must first be associated with the transport stream. + +Parameter: appData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the additional data object provided by the application, as a part of all filter event org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent objects generated by this method call, the object will be passed to the registered section filter event Listener, the application can use this object for internal communication between applications. If the application does not require any additional data, this parameter can be set to null; + +pid – Int type, indicating the transport packet identifier (TS\_PID) to be filtered. + +Return: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException – When this method is called, if the total number of section filters started by the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is equal to the number of section filters occupied when the filter group is created, this exception is thrown. This exception applies regardless of whether the parent filter group is associated with the TS stream; + +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException – If the section to be filtered is scrambled and has no descrambling permission, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException – If org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter calls this method, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException – This exception is thrown if the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is in a state of losing connection due to lack of resources or if the section filter cannot complete the method call. + +##### **B.4.4.1.5 startFiltering** + +Prototype: public boolean startFiltering(java.lang.Object appData, int pid, int tableID) throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException, org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException + +Description: Start section filtering, filter out the section (section) carried in the transport packet specified by the pid parameter, and the table ID matches the tableID parameter. The parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object must first be associated with the transport stream. + +Parameter: appData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the additional data object provided by the application, as a part of all the filter event org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent objects generated by this method call, the object will be passed to the registered section filter event Listener, the application can use this object for internal communication between applications. If the application does not require any additional data, this parameter can be set to null; + +pid-Int type, indicating the transport stream packet identifier (TS\_PID) to be filtered; + +tableID-Int type, indicating the table ID (table\_id) to be filtered. + +Return: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException – When this method is called, if the total number of section filters started by the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is equal to the number of section filters occupied when the filter group is created, this exception is thrown. This exception applies regardless of whether the parent filter group is associated with the TS stream; + +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException – If the section to be filtered is scrambled and has no descrambling permission, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException – If the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is in a state of losing connection, this exception is thrown due to lack of resources or when the method cannot be called by the section filter; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException – If the pid or tableID parameter is negative or out of the range defined by MPEG-2, this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.4.4.1.6 startFiltering** + +Prototype: public boolean startFiltering(java.lang.Object appData, int pid, int tableID, byte[] posFilterDef, byte[] posFilterMask) throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException, org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException + +Description: Start section filtering, filter out the section (section) carried in the transport packet specified by the parameter pid, and the table ID matches the tableID parameter, the section data matches the given byte filter, and the first byte of the filter byte array corresponds to the third byte of the section data. The parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object must first be associated with the transport stream. If the following conditions are met, it means that the section data matches the given byte filter: + +$$(\text{posFilterDef}[i] \& \text{posFilterMask}[i]) == (\text{section data } [3+i] \& \text{posFilterMask}[i])$$ + +Parameter: appData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the additional data object provided by the application, as a part of all the filter event org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent objects generated by this method call, the object will be passed to the registered section filter event listener. This object can be used for internal communication between applications. If the application does not require any additional data, this parameter can be set to null; + +pid – Int type, indicating the transport stream packet identifier (TS\_PID) to be filtered; + +tableID – Int type, indicating the table ID (table\_id) to be filtered; + +posFilterDef – A byte array, indicating the value of bit matching in the section data; + +posFilterMask – A byte array, indicating the mask of bit matching in the section data, that is, only the bits with the mask value of '1' are compared. + +Return: Boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException – When this method is called, if the total number of section filters started by the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is equal to the number of section filters occupied when the filter group is created, this exception is thrown. This exception applies regardless of whether the parent filter group is associated with the TS stream; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException – If an illegal filter is defined, or the length of the parameter posFilterDef array and the posFilterMask array are inconsistent, or the length exceeds the system's ability to filter, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException – If the section to be filtered is scrambled and has no descrambling permission, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException – This exception is thrown if the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is in a state of losing connection due to lack of resources or when the section filter cannot complete the method call. + +##### **B.4.4.1.7 startFiltering** + +Prototype: public boolean startFiltering(java.lang.Object appData, int pid, int tableID, + +byte[] posFilterDef, byte[] posFilterMask, + +byte[] negFilterDef, byte[] negFilterMask) + +throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException, +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException, +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException + +Description: Start section filtering, filter out the section (section) carried in the transport packet specified by the pid parameter, and the table ID matches the tableID parameter, the section data matches the given byte filter, and the first byte of the filter byte array corresponds to the third byte of the section data. The parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object must first be associated with the transport stream. If the following conditions are met, it means that the section data matches the given byte filter: + +$$\begin{aligned} &((\text{posFilterDef}[i] \& \text{posFilterMask}[i]) == (\text{section data } [3+i] \& \text{posFilterMask}[i])) \&\& \\ &((\text{negFilterDef}[i] \& \text{negFilterMask}[i]) \neq (\text{section data } [3+i] \& \text{negFilterMask}[i])) \end{aligned}$$ + +Parameter: appData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the additional data object provided by the application, as a part of all filter event SectionFilterEvent objects generated by this method call, the object will be passed to the registered section filter event Listener, the application can use this object for internal communication between applications. If the application does not require any additional data, this parameter can be set to null; + +pid – Int type, indicating the transport stream packet identifier (TS\_PID) to be filtered; + +tableID – Int type, indicating the table ID (table\_id) to be filtered; + +posFilterDef – A byte array, indicating the value of bit matching in the section data; + +posFilterMask – A byte array, indicating the mask of bit matching in the section data, that is, only the bits with the mask value of '1' are compared; + +negFilterDef – A byte array, indicating the value of bit matching in the section data; + +negFilterMask – A byte array, indicating the mask of bit matching in the section data, that is, only the bits with the mask value of '1' are compared; + +Return: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException – When this method is called, if the total number of section filters started by the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is equal to the number of section filters occupied when the filter group is created, this exception is thrown. This exception applies regardless of whether the parent section filter group is associated with the TS stream; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException – If an illegal filter is defined, or the lengths of the parameter posFilterDef array and the posFilterMask array are inconsistent, or the length exceeds the system's ability to filter, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException – If the section to be filtered is scrambled and has no descrambling permission, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException – This exception is thrown if the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is in a state of losing connection due to lack of resources or when the section filter cannot complete the method call. + +##### **B.4.4.1.8 startFiltering** + +Prototype: public boolean startFiltering(java.lang.Object appData, int pid, int tableID, + +int offset, byte[] posFilterDef, byte[] posFilterMask) + +throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException, +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException, +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException + +Description: Start the section filtering, filter out the section (section) carried in the transport packet specified by the pid parameter, and the table ID matches the tableID parameter, the section data matches the given byte filter, and the offset of section data corresponding to the first byte of the filter byte array is specified by the parameter offset. The parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object must first be associated with the transport stream. If the following conditions are met, it means that the section data matches the given byte filter: + +$$(\text{posFilterDef}[i] \& \text{posFilterMask}[i]) == (\text{section data} [\text{offset}+i] \& \text{posFilterMask}[i])$$ + +Parameter: appData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating the additional data object provided by the application, as a part of all the filter events org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent objects generated by this method call, the object will be passed to the registered section filter event listener, and the application can use this object for internal communication between applications. If the application does not require any additional data, this parameter can be set to null; + +pid – Int type, indicating the transport stream packet identifier (TS\_PID) to be filtered; + +tableID – Int type, indicating the table ID (table\_id) to be filtered; + +offset – Int type, indicating the offset of the section data corresponding to the first byte of the filter byte array, the value is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 31; + +posFilterDef – A byte array, indicating the value of bit matching in the section data; + +posFilterMask – A byte array, indicating the mask of bit matching in the section data, that is, only the bits with the mask value of '1' are compared. + +Return: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException – When this method is called, if the total number of section filters started by the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is equal to the number of section filters occupied when the filter group is created, this exception is thrown. This exception applies regardless of whether the parent section filter group is associated with the TS stream; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException – If an illegal filter is defined, or the lengths of the parameter posFilterDef array and the posFilterMask array are inconsistent, or the length exceeds the system's ability to filter, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException – If the section to be filtered is scrambled and has no descrambling permission, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException – This exception is thrown if the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is in a state of losing connection due to lack of resources or when the section filter cannot complete the method call. + +##### **B.4.4.1.9 startFiltering** + +Prototype: public boolean startFiltering(java.lang.Object appData, + +int pid, int tableID, int offset, + +byte[] posFilterDef, byte[] posFilterMask, + +byte[] negFilterDef, byte[] negFilterMask) + +throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException, +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException, + +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException, org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException + +Description: Start section filtering, filter out the section (section) carried in the transport packet specified by the pid parameter, and the table ID matches the tableID parameter, the section data matches the given byte filter, and the offset of the section data corresponding to the first byte of the filter byte array is specified by the parameter offset. The parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object must first be associated with the transport stream. If the following conditions are met, it means that the section data matches the given byte filter: + +((posFilterDef[i] & posFilterMask[i]) == (section data [offset+i] & posFilterMask[i])) && + +((negFilterDef[i] & negFilterMask[i]) != (section data [offset+i] & negFilterMask[i])) + +Parameter: appData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating additional data objects provided by the application, as a part of all the filter events org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent objects generated by this method call, this object will be passed to the registered section filter event listener, and the application can use this object for internal communications between applications. + +If the application does not require any additional data, this parameter can be set to null; + +pid – Int type, indicating the transport stream packet identifier (TS\_PID) to be filtered; + +tableID – Int type, indicating the table ID (table\_id) to be filtered; + +offset – Int type, indicating the offset of the section data corresponding to the first byte of the filter byte array, the value is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 31; + +posFilterDef – A byte array, indicating the value of bit matching in the section data; + +posFilterMask – A byte array, indicating the mask of bit matching in the section data, that is, only the bits with the mask value of '1' are compared; + +negFilterDef – A byte array, indicating the value of bit matching in the section data; + +negFilterMask – A byte array, indicating the mask of bit matching in the section data, that is, only the bits with the mask value of '1' are compared; + +Return: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException – When calling this method, if the total number of section filters started by the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is equal to the number of section filters occupied when the filter group is created, this exception is thrown. This exception applies regardless of whether the parent filter group is associated with the TS stream; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException – If an illegal filter is defined, or the lengths of the parameter posFilterDef array and the posFilterMask array are inconsistent, or the length exceeds the system's ability to filter, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.NotAuthorizedException – If the section to be filtered is scrambled and has no descrambling permission, this exception is thrown; + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException – This exception is thrown if the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is in a state of losing connection due to lack of resources or when the section filter cannot complete the method call. + +##### **B.4.4.1.10 stopFiltering** + +Prototype: public boolean stopFiltering() + +Description: Stop section filtering. If the parent filter group org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object is connected to a transport stream, the section filtering that matches this filter object will stop. When using filters and filter groups, the order of function calling is: filter group attach, filter startFiltering, filter stopFiltering, filter group detach. If the filter has been stopped, calling stopFiltering again will directly return false. + +Parameter: boolean type, returning true upon success and false upon failure. + +Return: None. + +#### **B.4.5 Class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter + +Description: Simple section filter class, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter class. Simple section filter: Only used once. When a section that matches the specified filter condition is found, the simple section filter stops filtering, as if the SectionFilter.stopFiltering() method was called. + +##### **B.4.5.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.5.1.1 getSection** + +Prototype: public Section getSection() throws + +org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilteringInterruptedException + +Description: Getting the section data filtered by this filter. The section obtained by this method describes the last MPEG-2 section that satisfies the filter condition. If the simple filter is filtering, this method is blocked until the end of the filtering. If the startFiltering() method is not called again during this period, and this method is called repeatedly, the same section object will be returned. Every time a new filtering operation is started, a new section object is generated. The old section object will be deleted unless the application maintains the old section object itself. All operations that access the previous section object will throw the Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilteringInterruptedException – If the filtering operation stops before the matching section is found, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.4.6 Class org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter + +Description: Table section filter class, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter class. Table section filter: Receive complete tables with minimal application intervention. When the table section filter is activated, it will filter the first section that meets the given filter conditions. Once the section is found, the last\_section\_number field will be used to determine the number of section objects required to form the entire table. After the number of section objects is determined, the filter is restarted to receive all sections in the table. Each time a section is received, an org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionAvailableEvent event will be generated. After receiving the entire table, the end of filtering org.davic.mpeg.sections.EndOfFilteringEvent event will be generated. The version numbers of all sections in the table should be the same. If the version number of a filtered section is different from the first section, an org.davic.mpeg.sections.VersionChangeDetectedEvent event will be generated, the newly captured section will be ignored, and the original version of the section will continue to be filtered. + +Note that when setting segment filtering parameters: If there are too many constraints, the filter cannot stop automatically; and if the constraints are too wide, the filter will produce inconsistent results (for example: use org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter to filter some sections). When the API finds that the filter parameters are not fully defined, which may result in filter blocking or MPEG-2 incompatibility, the org.davic.mpeg.sections.IncompleteFilteringEvent event will be generated to stop the filtering. + +##### **B.4.6.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.6.1.1 getSections** + +Prototype: public Section[] getSections() throws org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilteringInterruptedException + +Description: Getting all the section data of the table filtered by this filter. This method will return an array of all section objects of the table. The array elements are arranged according to the section number section\_number. If some sections have not been filtered until this method is called, the corresponding record in the array is set to null. If no sections are filtered out, this method is blocked until at least one section is obtained or the filtering ends. If the startFiltering() method is not called again in the meantime, and this method is called repeatedly, the same array will be returned. Every time a new filtering operation is started, an array of section objects is created. The old section array object will be deleted unless the application maintains the old section array object. All operations that access the previous section array object will throw exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilteringInterruptedException – If the filtering operation stops before the matching section is found, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.4.7 Class org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter + +Description: Ring section filter class, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter class. + +Ring section filter class: Once started, there is no need to stop and reset, it is used to capture continuous MPEG-2 section data. An org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter object has a predetermined number of section objects. The section data captured one after another will be loaded into these section objects in turn. Filtering will continue when there are empty section objects. If the application wants to filter continuously, it needs to use the setEmpty method of the Section object to mark the section object as empty before the new object arrives. If the filtering operation encounters a non-empty section object, it will stop. Each time startFiltering is called, the section will be filtered from the beginning of the array. When the ring section filter is created for the first time, all sections are set to empty, after which the application will clear them. Starting the ring section filter will no longer clear the section. + +##### **B.4.7.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.7.1.1 getSections** + +Prototype: public org.davic.mpeg.sections.Section[] getSections() + +Description: Getting all section data filtered by this filter. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Return: An Org.davic.mpeg.sections.Section object array, indicating the section data filtered by this filter. + +Org.davic.mpeg.sections.Section object array is always full of data, and the application is responsible for checking which data is valid. + +Before the new filter data arrives, calling this method repeatedly will get the same result. + +#### **B.4.8 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent extends java.util.EventObject + +Description: Section filtering events, a group of base classes of section filtering events defined by this package. + +#### **B.4.8.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.8.1.1 getSource** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getSource() + +Description: Getting the SectionFilter object that generated this event. + +Rewrite: A getSource() method of the java.util.EventObject class. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilter object, indicating the source for generating this event. + +##### **B.4.8.1.2 getAppData** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getAppData() + +Description: Getting the application data passed through the startFiltering() method of the SectionFilter object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A Java.lang.Object object, indicating additional application data. + +#### **B.4.9 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionAvailableEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionAvailableEvent + +extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent + +Description: Section data available event, inherits the org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent class, reports filtering to a complete section. When a section that meets the filter conditions is successfully filtered from the transport stream, the event is generated by the org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter, org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter or org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter object. + +#### **B.4.10 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.VersionChangeDetectedEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.VersionChangeDetectedEvent + +extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent + +Description: A section filter version change event, inherits the org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent class. This event is generated by org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter, reporting that the received section is inconsistent with the previous section version. This event can only be generated once per filtering operation. Sections with different versions will be discarded. + +##### **B.4.10.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.10.1.1 getOriginalVersion** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalVersion() + +Description: Getting the old version number of the section data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the old version number of the section data. + +##### **B.4.10.1.2 getNewVersion** + +Prototype: public int getNewVersion() + +Description: Getting the new version number of the section data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the new version number of the section data. + +#### **B.4.11 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.EndOfFilteringEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.EndOfFilteringEvent extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent + +Description: Section filtering end event, inherits the org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterEvent class, reports the end of section filtering. When the filtering ends, the event is generated by the org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter and org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter objects. This event is not generated when the org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter filtering ends. + +#### **B.4.12 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.IncompleteFilteringEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.IncompleteFilteringEvent extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.EndOfFilteringEvent + +Description: Section filtering incomplete event, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.EndOfFilteringEvent class. It is used to report the end of the filtering operation generated by org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter. This event is generated when the API finds that the section parameters are not fully defined, which will result in blocking the filter or incompatibility with MPEG-2. + +#### **B.4.13 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.TimeoutEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.TimeoutEvent extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.EndOfFilteringEvent + +Description: Section filtering timeout event, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.EndOfFilteringEvent class. This event is generated when the section filtering operation times out. + +- For org.davic.mpeg.sections.SimpleSectionFilter, this event will be generated if the section data is not filtered within the specified time; +- For org.davic.mpeg.sections.TableSectionFilter, this event is generated if the entire table is not filtered within the specified time; +- For org.davic.mpeg.sections.RingSectionFilter, if the specified time is exceeded after the last section is successfully filtered, this event is generated. + +#### **B.4.14 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourcesAvailableEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourcesAvailableEvent extends org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusEvent + +Description: Filter resource available event, inherits the org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusEvent class. This event indicates that there are sufficient section filter resources for the section filter group. For example: if a section filter group is created with 4 filters, at least 4 filters are available when the event occurs. Note that they may no longer be available when the application tries to connect the section filter group again. Therefore, this event is a useful reminder for applications that try to connect to the section filter group again. This event only occurs after the org.davic.mpeg.sections.ForcedDisconnectedEvent event and before the application successfully connects to the section filter group again. + +#### **B.4.15 Event org.davic.mpeg.sections.ForcedDisconnectedEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.ForcedDisconnectedEvent extends org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusEvent + +Description: Forced disconnected event between the section filter group and the transport stream inherits the org.davic.resources.ResourceStatusEvent class. Report that the previously available transport stream is no longer available, or the section filter resource has been removed from the connected section filter group. In the second case, in addition to generation of this event, a notifyRelease() method of org.davic.resources.ResourceClient is also called at the same time. + +##### **B.4.15.1 Method** + +##### **B.4.15.1.1 getSource** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getSource() + +Description: Getting org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup object that generated the event. + +Rewrite: GetSource() method of the ResourceStatusEvent class. + +Return: A SectionFilterGroup object, indicating the section filter group that generated the event. + +#### **B.4.16 Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException extends java.lang.Exception + +Description: Section filter exception, a base class of a group of section filter exception defined by this package. + +#### **B.4.17 Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.ConnectionLostException extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException + +Description: Connection loss exception, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException class. This exception indicates that org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup has lost connection or resources and cannot be called to the startFiltering() method. It is only generated by the SectionFilterGroup object in the lost connection state. + +#### **B.4.18 Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilteringInterruptedException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilteringInterruptedException extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException + +Description: Filtering interrupted exception, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException class. This exception indicates that the filtering operation was interrupted before the data was filtered. + +#### **B.4.19 Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.FilterResourceException extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException + +Description: Filter resource exception, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException class. This exception indicates that when org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterGroup is in a connected or disconnected state, there are insufficient resources to complete the operation. + +#### **B.4.20 Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.IllegalFilterDefinitionException extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException + +Description: Illegal filter definition exception, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException class. This exception indicates that the filter definition of the filter is invalid. + +#### **B.4.21 Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.InvalidSourceException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.InvalidSourceException extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException + +Description: Section data source invalid exception, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException class. + +#### **B.4.22 Exception org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.mpeg.sections.NoDataAvailableException extends org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException + +Description: Section object no available data exception, inherits org.davic.mpeg.sections.SectionFilterException class. + +### **B.5 URL package module** + +URL package module provides URL package reference method. + +The summary of URL package module is shown in Table B.4. + +**Table B.4 – Summary of URL package module** + +| | | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| Class | | +| Locator | Resource locator class, packages the URL into a locator object. | +| Exception | | +| InvalidLocatorException | Invalid locator exception. | + +#### **B.5.1 Class org.davic.net.Locator** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.net.Locator + +Description: Resource locator class, packages the URL into a locator object. + +##### **B.5.1.1 Method** + +###### **B.5.1.1.1 Locator** + +Prototype: public Locator(java.lang.String url) + +Description: Construction method creates a resource locator object. + +Parameter: url – A java.lang.String object, indicating a URL string. + +###### **B.5.1.1.2 hasMultipleTransformations** + +Prototype: public boolean hasMultipleTransformations() + +Description: Indicate whether this locator is mapped to multiple transport-related locator formats. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Boolean type, true indicating this locator is mapped to multiple transport-related locator formats, false indicating No. + +##### **B.5.1.1.3 toExternalForm** + +Prototype: public abstract java.lang.String toExternalForm() + +Description: Getting the URL string corresponding to the locator. If a non-empty but invalid URL is used to create a locator instance, the behavior of the system depends on the specific implementation. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the URL string corresponding to this locator. + +##### **B.5.1.1.4 toString** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String toString() + +Description: Getting URL string. + +Rewrite: A toString() method of the java.lang.Object class. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating a URL string. + +##### **B.5.1.1.5 equals** + +Prototype: public boolean equals(Object obj) + +Description: Determine whether the obj object is the same as this example. + +Rewrite: An equals() method of the Object class. + +Parameter: An Obj-Locator object, indicating the locator to be compared. + +Return: Boolean type, true value indicating that the obj object is the same as this instance, and false indicating that it is not the same. + +#### **B.5.2 Exception org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException extends java.lang.Exception + +Description: Invalid locator exception. This exception is thrown when one or more parameters of the Locator object are invalid. + +### **B.6 DVB locator module** + +DVB locator module provides a reference method for accessing DVB broadcasting services and their contents. + +The summary of DVB locator module is shown in Table B.5. + +**Table B.5 – Summary of DVB locator module** + +| | | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Class | | +| DvbLocator | DVB locator class, packages URL in DVB format into locator object. | +| DvbNetworkBoundLocator | DVB locator class bound to the network, this type of object uniquely identifies a given entity and transport system. | + +#### **B.6.1 Class org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator extends org.davic.net.Locator + +Description: DVB locator class, packages URL in DVB format into locator object. + +##### **B.6.1.1 Method** + +##### **B.6.1.1.1 DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid) throws Org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construction method creates a DVB locator object in the URL format "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id". + +Parameter: onid – Int type, indicating an original network identifier (original\_network\_id); + +tsid – Int type, indicating a transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id). + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example, the value identifier is out of range), this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.6.1.1.2 DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid, int serviceid) throws org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construction method creates a DVB locator object in the URL format "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id.service\_id". + +Parameter: onid – Int type, indicating an original network identifier (original\_network\_id); + +tsid – Int type, indicating a transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id). If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id); + +serviceid – Int type, indicating a service identifier (service\_id). + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example, the value identifier is out of range), this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.6.1.1.3 DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid, int serviceid, int eventid) + +throws org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construction method creates a DVB locator object in the URL format "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id.service\_id;event\_id". + +Parameter: onid – Int type, indicating an original network identifier (original\_network\_id); + +tsid – Int type, indicating a transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id). If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id); + +serviceid – Int type, indicating a service identifier (service\_id); + +eventid – Int type, indicating an event identifier (event\_id). + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example, the value identifier is out of range), this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.6.1.1.4 DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid, int serviceid, int eventid, int componenttag) + +throws org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construction method creates a DVB locator object in the "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id.service\_id.component\_tag;eventid" or "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id. + +service\_id.component\_tag" URL format. + +Parameter: onid – Int type, indicating an original network identifier (original\_network\_id); + +tsid – Int type, indicating a transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id). + +If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id); + +serviceid – Int type, indicating a service identifier (service\_id); + +eventid – Int type, indicating an event identifier (event\_id). If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the event identifier (event\_id); + +componenttag – Int type, indicating an elementary stream component tag (component\_tag). + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example, the value identifier is out of range), this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.6.1.1.5 DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid, int serviceid, + +int eventid, int[] componenttags) + +throws org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construction method creates a DVB locator object in the "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id.service\_id.component\_tag{&component\_tag};event\_id" or "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id.service\_id.component\_tag{&component\_tag}" URL format. + +Parameter: onid-Int type, indicating an original network identifier (original\_network\_id); + +tsid-Int type, indicating a transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id). If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id); + +serviceid – Int type, indicating a service identifier (service\_id); + +eventid – Int type, indicating an event identifier (event\_id). If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the event identifier (event\_id); + +componenttags – An int type array, indicating an array of elementary stream component tags (component\_tag). + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example, the value identifier is out of range), this exception is thrown. + +##### **B.6.1.1.6 DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid, int serviceid, int eventid, + +int[] componenttags, java.lang.String filePath) + +throws org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construction method creates a DVB locator object in the "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id.service\_id.component\_tag{&component\_tag};event\_id/filepath" or "dvb://original\_network\_id.transport\_stream\_id.service\_id.component\_tag{&component\_tag}/filepath" URL format. + +Parameter: onid – Int type, indicating an original network identifier (original\_network\_id); + +tsid – Int type, indicating a transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id). If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the transport stream identifier (transport\_stream\_id); + +serviceid – Int type, indicating a service identifier (service\_id); + +eventid – Int type, indicating an event identifier (event\_id). If the value is -1, it means that the locator does not contain the event identifier (event\_id); + +componenttags – An int type array, indicating an array of elementary stream component tags (component\_tag); + +filePath – A java.lang.String object, indicating the file path string, including the initial slash. + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example, the value identifier is out of range), this exception is thrown. + +###### **B.6.1.1.7 DvbLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbLocator(java.lang.String url) throws org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construction method creates a DVB locator object based on the input string. + +Parameter: url – A java.lang.String object, indicating a DVB URL string. + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example: the numerical identifier is out of range, does not conform to the DVB URL format, etc.), this exception is thrown. + +###### **B.6.1.1.8 getComponentTags** + +Prototype: public int[] getComponentTags() + +Description: Obtain an elementary stream component tag array information contained in the DVB locator. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An int type array, indicating the array of elementary stream component tags, if the locator does not contain component tag information, the length of the array is 0. + +###### **B.6.1.1.9 getEventId** + +Prototype: public int getEventId() + +Description: Getting the event identifier information contained in the DVB locator. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating an event identifier, if not, it returns -1. + +###### **B.6.1.1.10 getFilePath** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getFilePath() + +Description: Getting the file name and path information contained in the DVB locator. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A Java. Lang. string object, indicating a path string, including the beginning slash. If the locator has no path information, null is returned. + +##### **B.6.1.1.11 getOriginalNetworkId** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalNetworkId() + +Description: Getting an original network identifier information contained in the DVB locator. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, indicating an original network identifier, if not, -1 is returned. + +###### **B.6.1.1.12 getTransportStreamId** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamId() + +Description: Getting a transport stream identifier information contained in the DVB locator. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, indicating a transport stream identifier, if not, -1 is returned. + +##### **B.6.1.1.13 getServiceId** + +Prototype: public int getServiceId() + +Description: Getting the service identifier information contained in DVB locator. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, indicating a service identifier, if not, -1 is returned. + +###### **B.6.1.1.14 toExternalForm** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String toExternalForm() + +Description: Getting the URL string corresponding to the locator. If a non-empty but invalid URL is used to create an instance of the locator, the behavior of the system depends on the specific implementation. Implement an toexternalform () method of the locator class. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating an URL string corresponding to this locator. + +#### **B.6.2 Class org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator** + +Prototype: public class org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator extends org.davic.net.DvbLocator + +Description: DVB locator class bound to network, uniquely identifies a given entity and transport system. For example, a service may be transported in satellite and ground network, dvblocator object may be the same, but dvbnetworkboundlocator object is different. + +##### **B.6.2.1 Method** + +###### **B.6.2.1.1 DvbNetworkBoundLocator** + +Prototype: public DvbNetworkBoundLocator(org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator unboundLocator, int networkId) + +throws org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException + +Description: Construct method creates a DVB locator object bound to the network. + +Parameter: unboundLocator – An org.davic.net.dvb.dvblocator object, indicating a DVB locator not bound with the transport network; + +networkId – int type, indicating network identifier. + +Exception: org.davic.net.InvalidLocatorException – If the parameter cannot identify a valid locator (for example, the numeric identifier is out of range), this exception is thrown. + +###### **B.6.2.1.2 getNetworkId** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkId() + +Description: Getting a network identifier. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, indicating network identifier. + +### **B.7 Broadcast protocol processing module** + +The broadcast protocol processing module defines the java interface related to DVB broadcast protocol processing. + +See Table B.6 for the summary of broadcast protocol processing module. + +**Table B.6 – Summary of the broadcast protocol processing module** + +| Interface | | +|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SICommonInformation | A PSI / Si public information interface, providing a method to obtain psi / Si public features. | +| SINetwork | A network information interface, providing a method to obtain a network information. Each SINetwork object is uniquely identified by the network_ID. | +| SIBouquet | A service group information interface, providing a method to obtain the information of the service group (bouquet). Each SIBouquet object is uniquely identified by the network_id, bouquet_id. | + +**Table B.6 – Summary of the broadcast protocol processing module** + +| | | +|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SIService | A service information interface, providing a method to obtain the service information. Each SIService object is uniquely identified by the network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id and service_id. | +| SIEvent | A program event information interface, providing a method to obtain the event information. Each SIEvent object is common uniquely identified by network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id and event_id. | +| SITransportStream | A transport stream information interface, providing a method to obtain transport stream information, each SITransportStream object is common uniquely identified by network_id, original_network_id and transport_stream_id. | +| SIElementaryStream | An elementary stream information interface, providing a method to obtain elementary stream information, each SIElementaryStream object is common uniquely identified by network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id and component_tag(or elementary_PID). | +| SITime | A time information interface, providing a method to obtain time information. The time information is obtained from TDT or TOT, each SITime object is uniquely identified by network_id. | +| SIDescriptor | A Descriptor information interface, providing a method related to descriptor access. | +| SIRequest | PSI / Si information request interface, describes a PSI / SI information retrieval request generated by the application, the application can cancel the request through this object. | +| SIRetrieveListener | SI information acquisition event listener is implemented by application program. | +| SIUpdateListener | PSI / SI table update event listener is implemented by application program. | +| SIDescriptorTag | Descriptors tag constant definition interface, values see GB / T 28161-2011. | +| SIRunningStatus | For the definition interface of running state constant of broadcasting service or event, please refer to GB / T 28161-2011. | +| SIServiceType | Service type constant definition interface, see GB / T 28161-2011 for values. | +| SIStreamType | For the definition interface of stream type constant, see GB / T 17975.1-2010 for values. | +| Class | | +| SIDatabase | A PSI / SI information database, providing a management and operation method of PSI / SI information database in DVB mode. It is the entry class for application to obtain PSI / SI information. | +| SIRequestFailureType | The reason why the PSI / SI information request failed. | +| Event | | +| SIRetrieveEvent | PSI / SI information request event is the base class of a group of events related to PSI / SI information request defined in this package. One PSI / SI information request will only generate one such event. | +| SISuccessRetrieveEvent | PSI / SI information request success event inherits SIRetrieveEvent class. | +| SIFailureRetrieveEvent | PSI / SI information request failure event inherits SIRetrieveEvent class. | +| SIUpdateEvent | PSI/SI table update event. | +| Exception | | +| InvalidPeriodException | This exception is thrown when the specified date is invalid. | + +#### **B.7.1 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: A PSI / SI public information interface, providing a method to obtain PSI / SI public features. + +###### **B.7.1.1 Constant field – PSI / SI object type** + +#### **B.7.1.1.1 SI\_BOUQUET** + +Prototype: public static final int SI\_BOUQUET = 0 + +Description: SI information identification – Service group information. + +#### **B.7.1.1.2 SI\_NETWORK** + +Prototype: public static final int SI\_NETWORK = 1 + +Description: SI information identification – Network information. + +#### **B.7.1.1.3 SI\_SERVICE** + +Prototype: public static final int SI\_SERVICE = 2 + +Description: SI information identification – Service information. + +#### **B.7.1.1.4 SI\_TS** + +Prototype: public static final int SI\_TS = 3 + +Description: SI information identification – Transport stream (TS) information. + +#### **B.7.1.1.5 SI\_ES** + +Prototype: public static final int SI\_ES = 4 + +Description: SI information identification – Elementary stream (ES) information. + +#### **B.7.1.1.6 SI\_EVENT** + +Prototype: public static final int SI\_EVENT = 5 + +Description: SI information identification – Event (event) information. + +#### **B.7.1.1.7 SI\_TIME** + +Prototype: public static final int SI\_TIME = 6 + +Description: SI information identification – Time information. + +### **B.7.1.2 Method** + +#### **B.7.1.2.1 getType** + +Prototype: public int getType() + +Description: Getting SI object type that implements this interface. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating SI object type that implements this interface. For the value, please refer to the "PSI/SI Object Type" constant field definition of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation interface. + +#### **B.7.1.2.2 getSIDatabase** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase getSIDatabase() + +Description: Getting PSI/SI database to which the SI object implementing this interface belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An SIDatabase object, indicating PSI/SI database to which the SI object implementing this interface belongs. + +## **B.7.2 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork + +extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: A Network information interface, providing a method for obtaining network information. Each SINetwork object is uniquely identified by network\_id. The receiving terminal may access multiple broadcast networks at the same time, for example, access to the national standard terrestrial wireless network and wired network at the same time, and distinguish network objects by network\_id. + +### **B.7.2.1 Method** + +#### **B.7.2.1.1 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting network identifier (ie the network\_id field of the NIT). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the unique identifier (network\_id) of the unidirectional broadcast network object. + +#### **B.7.2.1.2 getNetworkName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getNetworkName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the network. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the network name. + +#### **B.7.2.1.3 getShortNetworkName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getShortNetworkName() + +Description: Getting abbreviation of the network name. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the abbreviation of the network name, or null is returned if there is no abbreviation of the network name. + +Example: "[0x86]Asterix[0x87] Digital Satellite TV Network" + +Full name of the network: "Asterix Digital Satellite TV Network". + +Abbreviation of the network name: "Asterix". + +#### **B.7.2.1.4 getServicesLocators** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.DvbNetworkBoundLocator[] getServicesLocators() + +Description: Obtain locators of all services belonging to the network. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object array, indicating locators of all services under the network. If not, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **B.7.2.1.5 getService** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService getService +(org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator locator) + +Description: According to the specified service locator, the service objects belonging to the network are obtained. + +Parameter: locator – An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator object, indicating the locator of the service. + +Return: An org.davic.net.dvb.si.SIService object, indicating the service object under the network. + +### **B.7.3 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet extends +org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: Service group (bouquet) information interface, each org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet object is uniquely identified by network\_id and bouquet\_id, that is, if service groups with the same bouquet\_id appear in multiple networks, this specification stipulates that multiple org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet object instances should be created for such service groups, and they are distinguished by network\_id. + +#### **B.7.3.1 Method** + +##### **B.7.3.1.1 getNetwork** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork getNetwork() + +Description: Getting the network of this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.sibouquet object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork object, indicating the network instance to which the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.sibouquet object belongs. + +##### **B.7.3.1.2 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting network identifier to which the service group belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier (network\_id). + +##### **B.7.3.1.3 getBouquetID** + +Prototype: public int getBouquetID() + +Description: Obtain a service group identifier (that is, the bouquet\_id field of the BAT table). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service group identifier (bouquet\_id). + +##### **B.7.3.1.4 getBouquetName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getBouquetName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the service group. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the service group. If no information is available, null will be returned. + +#### **B.7.3.1.5 getShortBouquetName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getShortBouquetName() + +Description: Getting short name of the service group. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A Java.lang.String object, indicating the short name of the service group. If the short name of the service group does not exist, null will be returned. + +#### **B.7.3.1.6 getService** + +Prototype: public SIService getService(org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator locator) + +Description: According to the specified service locator, obtain the specified service in the service group. + +Parameter: locator – An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator object, indicating the locator of the specified service. + +Return: An SIService object, indicating the service object under the service group. If it does not exist, it returns null. + +#### **B.7.3.1.7 getServicesLocators** + +Prototype: public DvbNetworkBoundLocator[] getServicesLocators() + +Description: Obtain the locators of all services belonging to the service group. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object array, indicating the locators of all services under the service group. If not, the length of the returned array is 0. + +### **B.7.4 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: Service information interface, each org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object is common uniquely identified by the four elements of network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id and service\_id. In the same network, an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object is uniquely determined by the three elements of original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, and service\_id. However, a service may belong to multiple networks. This specification stipulates that multiple org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService objects should be created for such services and are distinguished by network\_id, that is, in the application scenario of receiving multiple network signals, four elements are used to uniquely determine a service. + +#### **B.7.4.1 Method** + +##### **B.7.4.1.1 getServiceName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getServiceName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the service. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A Java.lang.String object, indicating the service name, if no information is available, null is returned. + +##### **B.7.4.1.2 getShortServiceName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getShortServiceName() + +Description: Getting abbreviation of the service name. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A Java.lang.String object, indicating the abbreviation of the service name. If the abbreviation of the service name does not exist, null is returned. + +Example: The [0x86]P[0x87]ay [0x86]M[0x87]ovie [0x86]C[0x87]hannel + +Full name of the service – "The Pay Movie Channel". + +Abbreviation of the service name – "PMC". + +#### **B.7.4.1.3 getServiceProviderName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getServiceProviderName() + +Description: Getting full name of the service provider. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A Java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the broadcast service provider. If no information is available, null will be returned. + +#### **B.7.4.1.4 getShortServiceProviderName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getShortServiceProviderName() + +Description: Getting abbreviation of the service provider. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A Java.lang.String object, indicating the abbreviation of the service provider's name. If there is no abbreviation information, null will be returned. + +#### **B.7.4.1.5 getServiceType** + +Prototype: public int getServiceType() + +Description: Obtain the broadcast service type (service\_type) from the service\_descriptor descriptor in the SDT table. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Short type, indicating the broadcast service type. For the value, see the "Service Type" constant field definition of the SIServiceType interface. + +#### **B.7.4.1.6 getChannelNumber** + +Prototype: public int getChannelNumber() + +Description: Getting a logical channel number of the service. The method of obtaining the logical channel number is determined by the system (depending on the operator). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the logical channel number of the service. + +NOTE – The logical channel number is unique in the same network. + +#### **B.7.4.1.7 getDvbLocator** + +Prototype: public org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator getDvbLocator() + +Description: Getting a locator of the service object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object, indicating the locator of this service object. + +#### **B.7.4.1.8 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the network identifier to which the service object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier (network\_id). + +#### **B.7.4.1.9 getOriginalNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the original network identifier to which the service object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the original network identifier to which the service object belongs. + +#### **B.7.4.1.10 getTransportStreamID** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamID() + +Description: Getting a transport stream identifier to which the service object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier to which the service object belongs. + +#### **B.7.4.1.11 getServiceID** + +Prototype: public int getServiceID() + +Description: Getting the service identifier. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service identifier. + +#### **B.7.4.1.12 getNetwork** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork getNetwork() + +Description: Getting SINetwork object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An SINetwork object, indicating the SINetwork object to which this SIService object belongs. + +#### **B.7.4.1.13 getTransportStream** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream getTransportStream() + +Description: Getting org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream object, indicating this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream object to which the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object belongs. + +#### **B.7.4.1.14 getBouquets** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet[] getBouquets() + +Description: Getting all org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet objects to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet object array, indicating all org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet objects to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object belongs. + +#### **B.7.4.1.15 getFreeCAMode** + +Prototype: public boolean getFreeCAMode() + +Description: Obtain the free\_CA\_mode flag from the SDT table. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the free\_CA\_mode flag, true value indicating that the service is scrambled and the receiving is controlled by the CA; false value indicating that the service is not scrambled and the receiving is free. + +#### **B.7.4.1.16 getPcrPID** + +Prototype: public int getPcrPID() + +Description: Obtain the TS\_PID of the PCR referenced by the service (that is, the PCR\_PID field carried by the PMT). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the PCR\_PID of the broadcast service. + +#### **B.7.4.1.17 getEITPresentFollowingFlag** + +Prototype: public boolean getEITPresentFollowingFlag() + +Description: Obtain the EIT\_present\_following\_flag flag from the SDT table. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the EIT\_present\_following\_flag flag, true value indicating that the service has current/follow-up information of EIT, and false value indicating that the service has no current/follow-up information of EIT. + +#### **B.7.4.1.18 getEITScheduleFlag** + +Prototype: public boolean getEITScheduleFlag() + +Description: Obtain the EIT\_schedule\_flag flag from the SDT table. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the EIT\_schedule\_flag flag, true value indicating that the service has EIT schedule information, and false value indicating that the service does not have EIT schedule information. + +#### **B.7.4.1.19 retrieveElementaryStreams** + +Prototype: public SIRequest retrieveElementaryStreams(java.lang.Object appData, org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveListener listener, short[] someDescriptorTags) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: An Asynchronous method, obtaining the elementary stream information contained in the broadcast service. + +- When the interface successfully completes the acquisition action, it will send an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SISuccessRetrieveEvent event to the listener, and return an array of org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation objects through the getResult() method of the event object, from this array, all retrieved elementary stream objects (SIElementaryStream) can be obtained; +- If the elementary stream object that meets the conditions is not retrieved, the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIFailureRetrieveEvent event should be sent to the listener, and the failure reason org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequestFailureType can be obtained from the event object. + +Parameter: appData – A java.lang.Object object, indicating additional information provided by the application. When the retrieval action is completed, this object will be passed to the listening interface by the system. The application can use this object for internal communication. If the application does not require any additional information, this parameter can be set to null; + +listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveListener object, is used to receive retrieval notification events; + +someDescriptorTags – A Short type array, indicating a set of tag values of descriptors that the application cares about. The interface should retrieve all descriptor information that the application cares about, represented by an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDescriptor object. + +- If the array contains only one element and the value is -1, it indicates that the application cares about all the descriptors in the PMT table; +- If the array object is null, it indicates that the application does not care about any descriptors. + +Return: An SIRequest object, indicating an information retrieval request session. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter is invalid, the exception is thrown. + +## **B.7.5 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: Transport stream (transport\_stream) information interface. Each org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream object is uniquely determined by network\_id, original\_network\_id and transport\_stream\_id. In the same network, the transport stream is uniquely determined by both original\_network\_id and transport\_stream\_id; However, a transport stream may be transmitted on multiple networks. This specification stipulates that multiple org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream instances should be created for such transport stream and are distinguished by network\_id, that is, in application scenarios in which multiple network signals are received, an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream object is uniquely determined through network\_id, original\_network\_id, and transport\_stream\_id. + +### **B.7.5.1 Method** + +#### **B.7.5.1.1 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting a network identifier to which the transport stream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier to which the transport stream object belongs. + +#### **B.7.5.1.2 getOriginalNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalNetworkID() + +Description: Getting an original network identifier to which the SI object implementing the interface belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the original network identifier to which the SI object that implements the interface belongs. + +#### **B.7.5.1.3 getTransportStreamID** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamID() + +Description: Getting the transport stream identifier to which the SI object that implements the interface belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier to which the SI object that implements the interface belongs. + +#### **B.7.5.1.4 getNetwork** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork getNetwork() + +Description: Getting SINetwork object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork object, indicating the SINetwork object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream object belongs. + +### **B.7.6 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: Elementary stream (elementary\_stream) information interface of the broadcast service. Each org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream object is uniquely determined by the network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id, and component\_tag (or elementary\_PID) identifiers. An elementary stream may belong to multiple services. This specification stipulates that multiple org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream objects should be created for such elementary stream, it is jointly and uniquely determined by network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id and component\_tag (or elementary\_PID). + +#### **B.7.6.1 Method** + +##### **B.7.6.1.1 getComponentTag** + +Prototype: public byte getComponentTag() + +Description: Getting a tag of the elementary stream component. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Byte type, indicating the elementary stream component tag. If the elementary stream does not carry stream\_identifier\_descriptor, its component tag value defaults to -2. + +#### **B.7.6.1.2 getElementaryPID** + +Prototype: public short getElementaryPID() + +Description: Obtain the transport stream packet identifier (TS\_PID) that carries the elementary stream. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Short type, indicating the transport stream packet identifier that carries the elementary stream. + +#### **B.7.6.1.3 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the network identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier (network\_id). + +#### **B.7.6.1.4 getOriginalNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalNetworkID() + +Description: Getting an original network identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the original network identifier to which the elementary stream object that implements the interface belongs. + +#### **B.7.6.1.5 getTransportStreamID** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamID() + +Description: Getting the transport stream identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. + +#### **B.7.6.1.6 getServiceID** + +Prototype: public int getServiceID() + +Description: Getting the service identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. + +#### **B.7.6.1.7 getStreamType** + +Prototype: public byte getStreamType() + +Description: Getting the elementary stream type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Byte type, indicating the elementary stream type. For the value, see the stream type constant field definition of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIStreamType interface. + +#### **B.7.6.1.8 getService** + +Prototype: public SIService getService() + +Description: Getting the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object, indicating the SIService object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream object belongs. + +## **B.7.7 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIEvent** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIEvent +extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: Program event information interface, each org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIEvent object is uniquely identified by network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id, and event\_id. A program event may belong to multiple services. This specification stipulates that multiple org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIEvent objects should be created for such a program event, it is uniquely identified by network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id, and event\_id. + +### **B.7.7.1 Method** + +#### **B.7.7.1.1 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the network identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier (network\_id). + +#### **B.7.7.1.2 getOriginalNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the original network identifier to which the event object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the original network identifier to which the event object belongs. + +#### **B.7.7.1.3 getTransportStreamID** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamID() + +Description: Getting the transport stream identifier to which the event object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier to which the event object belongs. + +#### **B.7.7.1.4 getServiceID** + +Prototype: public int getServiceID() + +Description: Getting the service identifier to which the event object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service identifier to which the event object belongs. + +#### **B.7.7.1.5 getEventID** + +Prototype: public int getEventID() + +Description: Getting the event identifier. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the event identifier. + +#### **B.7.7.1.6 getDvbLocator** + +Prototype: public org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator getDvbLocator() + +Description: Getting the locator of the event object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object, indicating the locator of the event object. + +#### **B.7.7.1.7 getService** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService getService() + +Description: Getting the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIEvent object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object, indicating the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object to which this org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIEvent object belongs. + +#### **B.7.7.1.8 getNibbles** + +Prototype: public byte[] getNibbles() + +Description: Getting the program content classification information, which comes from the content descriptor (content\_descriptor) in the EIT. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Byte type array, indicating the content classification information associated with this program event. If the content descriptor (content\_descriptor) does not exist, null is returned. + +- byte[0] – The upper 4 bits represent the second-level content classification (content\_nibble\_level\_2); the lower 4 bits represent the first-level content classification (content\_nibble\_level\_1); +- byte[1] – The upper 4 bits represent the second-level custom classification (user\_nibble\_level\_2); the lower 4 bits represent the first-level custom classification (user\_nibble\_level\_1). + +#### **B.7.7.1.9 getStartTime** + +Prototype: public java.util.Date getStartTime() + +Description: Getting the start time of the event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.util.Date object, indicating the start time of the broadcast program event. + +#### **B.7.7.1.10 getDuration** + +Prototype: public long getDuration() + +Description: Getting the duration of the event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Long type, indicating the duration of the event, in seconds. + +#### **B.7.7.1.11 getEndTime** + +Prototype: public Date getEndTime() + +Description: Getting the end time of the event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Java.util.Date object, indicating the end time of the event. + +#### **B.7.7.1.12 getEventName** + +Prototype: String getEventName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the event (event\_name). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Java.lang.String object, indicating the full name of the event. + +#### **B.7.7.1.13 getShortEventName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getShortEventName() + +Description: Getting the abbreviation of the event name. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Java.lang.String object, indicates the abbreviation of the event name. If there is no abbreviation information, null is returned. + +#### **B.7.7.1.14 getEventDescription** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getEventDescription() + +Description: Getting the description of the event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Java.lang.String object, indicates the description of the event. + +#### **B.7.7.1.15 getFreeCAMode** + +Prototype: public boolean getFreeCAMode() + +Description: Getting the scrambling flag (free\_CA\_mode) of the broadcast program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating whether the broadcast program event is scrambled, true value indicating that the event is scrambled and receiving is controlled by CA; false value indicating that it is not scrambled and can be received freely. + +#### **B.7.7.1.16 getRunningStatus** + +Prototype: public byte getRunningStatus() + +Description: Getting the running status information of the event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Byte type, indicating the running status of the event, for the value, please refer to the "running status" constant field definition of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRunningStatus interface. + +### **B.7.8 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITime** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITime + +extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation + +Description: A Time information interface, providing a method to obtain time information, the time information is obtained from TDT or TOT. + +### B.7.8.1 Method + +#### B.7.8.1.1 getUTCtime + +Prototype: java.util.Date getUTCtime() + +Description: Getting UTC time and date. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Java.util.Date object, indicating UTC time, the information is obtained from TDT or TOT. + +### B.7.9 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDescriptor + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDescriptor + +Description: Descriptor information interface. The descriptor consists of three parts, as shown in Figure B.3: + +- Tag (descriptor\_tag) – Uniquely identifies a descriptor; +- Content length (descriptor\_length) – Indicating the number of bytes in the content part; +- Content: Byte array, the specific syntax and semantics are related to the tag type. + +![Schematic diagram of SIDescriptor structure showing Tag, Length, and Content fields with indices.](ffd8c2986aabedc8b6db2d8f2ed7a994_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of a SIDescriptor. It consists of three main fields: 'Tag', 'Length', and 'Content'. The 'Tag' and 'Length' fields are shown as separate boxes. The 'Content' field is a larger box containing several bytes, with the first three bytes explicitly labeled with indices '0', '1', and '2'. The last byte of the content is labeled 'length-1'. A horizontal bracket above the 'Content' field is labeled 'Total length bytes'. The reference 'J.1206(24)' is noted at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Schematic diagram of SIDescriptor structure showing Tag, Length, and Content fields with indices. + +Figure B.3 – Schematic diagram of SIDescriptor structure + +### B.7.9.1 Method + +#### B.7.9.1.1 getByteAt + +Prototype: public byte getByteAt(int index) throws java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException + +Description: Getting the byte at the specified index position in the content. + +Parameter: index-int type, the index value of the descriptor content position, position 0 corresponds to the first byte after the descriptor\_length field. + +Return: Byte type, indicating the byte data at the specified position. + +Exception: java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException – If the parameter index is less than 0 or index is greater than or equal to descriptor\_length, this exception is thrown. + +#### B.7.9.1.2 getContent + +Prototype: public byte[] getContent() + +Description: Getting the content of the descriptor. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A byte array, indicating the content part of the descriptor, that is, all bytes after the descriptor\_length field. + +#### B.7.9.1.3 getContentLength + +Prototype: public short getContentLength() + +Description: Getting the length of the descriptor content. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Short type, indicating the length of the descriptor content, that is, the value of the descriptor\_length field, in bytes. + +#### **B.7.9.1.4 getTag** + +Prototype: public short getTag() + +Description: Getting the descriptor tag (descriptor\_tag). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Short type, indicating the value of the descriptor tag field. For the value, see the "descriptor tag" constant field definition of the SIDescriptorTag interface. + +#### **B.7.10 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequest** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequest + +Description: PSI/SI information request interface, describes a PSI/SI information retrieval request generated by the application. The application can cancel the request through this object. + +##### **B.7.10.1 Method** + +###### **B.7.10.1.1 cancelRequest** + +Prototype: public void cancelRequest() + +Description: Cancel this request action. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **B.7.11 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveListener extends java.util.EventListener + +Description: SI information acquisition event listener is implemented by the application program. + +##### **B.7.11.1 Method** + +###### **B.7.11.1.1 postEvent** + +Prototype: public void postEvent(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveEvent event) + +Description: Send SI information to get the event. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveEvent object, indicating SI information acquisition event. The application should call the instanceOf method to further determine the object type of the event, which may be an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SISuccessRetrieveEvent object or an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIFailureRetrieveEvent object. + +Return: None. + +#### **B.7.12 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener extends java.util.EventListener + +Description: PSI/SI table update event listener is implemented by the application program. + +##### **B.7.12.1 Method** + +###### **B.7.12.1.1 postEvent** + +Prototype: public void postEvent(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateEvent event) + +Description: PSI/SI update event callback method is used to obtain the changed PSI/SI object. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateEvent object, indicating an event in which PSI/SI information changes. + +Return: None. + +### **B.7.13 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDescriptorTag** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDescriptorTag + +Description: Descriptor tag constant interface, see GB/T 28161-2011 for details. + +#### **B.7.13.1 Constant field – descriptor tag** + +##### **B.7.13.1.1 TAG\_NETWORK\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_NETWORK\_NAME = 64 + +Description: Network name descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.2 TAG\_SERVICE\_LIST** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_SERVICE\_LIST = 65 + +Description: Service list descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.3 TAG\_STUFFING** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_STUFFING = 66 + +Description: Fill the descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.4 TAG\_SATELLITE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_SATELLITE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM = 67 + +Description: Satellite delivery system descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.5 TAG\_CABLE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_CABLE\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM = 68 + +Description: Wire delivery system descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.6 TAG\_VBI\_DATA** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_VBI\_DATA = 69 + +Description: VBI data descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.7 TAG\_TELETEXT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_TELETEXT = 70 + +Description: Teletext descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.8 TAG\_BOUQUET\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_BOUQUET\_NAME = 71 + +Description: Service group name descriptor tag. + +##### **B.7.13.1.9 TAG\_SERVICE** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_SERVICE = 72 + +Description: Service descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.10 TAG\_COUNTRY\_AVAILABILITY** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_COUNTRY\_AVAILABILITY = 73 + +Description: Descriptor for country/region service approval. + +#### **B.7.13.1.11 TAG\_LINKAGE** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_LINKAGE = 74 + +Description: Link descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.12 TAG\_NVOD\_REFERENCE** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_NVOD\_REFERENCE = 75 + +Description: Quasi-video-on-demand reference descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.13 TAG\_TIME\_SHIFTED\_SERVICE** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_TIME\_SHIFTED\_SERVICE = 76 + +Description: Time-shifted service descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.14 TAG\_SHORT\_EVENT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_SHORT\_EVENT = 77 + +Description: Short event descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.15 TAG\_EXTENDED\_EVENT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_EXTENDED\_EVENT = 78 + +Description: Extended event descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.16 TAG\_TIME\_SHIFTED\_EVENT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_TIME\_SHIFTED\_EVENT = 79 + +Description: Time-shifted event descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.17 TAG\_COMPONENT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_COMPONENT = 80 + +Description: Component descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.18 TAG\_MOSAIC** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_MOSAIC = 81 + +Description: Mosaic descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.19 TAG\_STREAM\_IDENTIFIER** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_STREAM\_IDENTIFIER = 82 + +Description: Stream identification descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.20 TAG\_CA\_IDENTIFIER** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_CA\_IDENTIFIER = 83 + +Description: Conditional receiving identification descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.21 TAG\_CONTENT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_CONTENT = 84 + +Description: Content descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.22 TAG\_PARENTAL\_RATING** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_PARENTAL\_RATING = 85 + +Description: Parental rating descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.23 TAG\_VBI\_TELETEXT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_VBI\_TELETEXT = 86 + +Description: VBI teletext descriptor. + +#### **B.7.13.1.24 TAG\_TELEPHONE** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_TELEPHONE = 87 + +Description: Phone descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.25 TAG\_LOCAL\_TIME\_OFFSET** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_LOCAL\_TIME\_OFFSET = 88 + +Description: Local time offset descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.26 TAG\_SUBTITLING** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_SUBTITLING = 89 + +Description: Subtitle descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.27 TAG\_TERRESTRIAL\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_TERRESTRIAL\_DELIVERY\_SYSTEM = 90 + +Description: Ground delivery system descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.28 TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_NETWORK\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_NETWORK\_NAME = 91 + +Description: Multilingual network name descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.29 TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_BOUQUET\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_BOUQUET\_NAME = 92 + +Description: Multilingual service group descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.30 TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_SERVICE\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_SERVICE\_NAME = 93 + +Description: Multilingual service name descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.31 TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_COMPONENT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_MULTILINGUAL\_COMPONENT = 94 + +Description: Multilingual component descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.32 TAG\_PRIVATE\_DATA\_SPECIFIER** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_PRIVATE\_DATA\_SPECIFIER = 95 + +Description: Private data specifier descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.33 TAG\_SERVICE\_MOVE** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_SERVICE\_MOVE = 96 + +Description: Service move descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.34 TAG\_SHORT\_SMOOTHING\_BUFFER** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_SHORT\_SMOOTHING\_BUFFER = 97 + +Description: Short smoothing buffer descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.35 TAG\_FREQUENCY\_LIST** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_FREQUENCY\_LIST = 98 + +Description: Frequency list descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.36 TAG\_PARTIAL\_TRANSPORT\_STREAM** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_PARTIAL\_TRANSPORT\_STREAM = 99 + +Description: Frequency list descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.37 TAG\_DATA\_BROADCAST** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_DATA\_BROADCAST = 100 + +Description: Data broadcast descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.38 TAG\_CA\_SYSTEM** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_CA\_SYSTEM = 101 + +Description: CA system descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.39 TAG\_DATA\_BROADCAST\_ID** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_DATA\_BROADCAST\_ID = 102 + +Description: Data broadcast identification descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.40 TAG\_TRANSPORT\_STREAM** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_TRANSPORT\_STREAM = 103 + +Description: Transport stream descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.41 TAG\_DSNG** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_DSNG = 104 + +Description: Digital satellite news gathering descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.42 TAG\_PDC** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_PDC = 105 + +Description: Program delivery control descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.43 TAG\_AC\_3** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_AC\_3 = 106 + +Description: AC3 descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.44 TAG\_ANCILLARY\_DATA** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_ANCILLARY\_DATA = 107 + +Description: Ancillary data descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.13.1.45 TAG\_ANNOUNCEMENT\_SUPPORT** + +Prototype: public static final short TAG\_ANNOUNCEMENT\_SUPPORT = 110 + +Description: Announcement support descriptor tag. + +#### **B.7.14 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRunningStatus** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRunningStatus + +Description: Running state constant definition interface of the broadcast service (service) or program (event), see GB/T 28161-2011 for the value. + +##### **B.7.14.1 Constant field – running status** + +###### **B.7.14.1.1 UNDEFINED** + +Prototype: public static final byte UNDEFINED = 0 + +Description: Running status-undefined. + +###### **B.7.14.1.2 NOT\_RUNNING** + +Prototype: public static final byte NOT\_RUNNING = 1 + +Description: Running status-not running. + +###### **B.7.14.1.3 STARTS\_IN\_A\_FEW\_SECONDS** + +Prototype: public static final byte STARTS\_IN\_A\_FEW\_SECONDS = 2 + +Description: Running status-about to run. + +###### **B.7.14.1.4 PAUSING** + +Prototype: public static final byte PAUSING = 3 + +Description: Running state-pausing state. + +###### **B.7.14.1.5 RUNNING** + +Prototype: public static final byte RUNNING = 4 + +Description: Running status-running. + +#### **B.7.15 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIServiceType** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIServiceType + +Description: Service type (service\_type) constant definition interface, and the value is detailed in GB/T 28161-2011. + +##### **B.7.15.1 Constant field – service type** + +###### **B.7.15.1.1 SERVICE\_TYPE\_RESERVED** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_RESERVED = 0 + +Description: Service type-reserved for use. + +###### **B.7.15.1.2 SERVICE\_TYPE\_DIGITAL\_TELEVISION** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_DIGITAL\_TELEVISION = 1 + +Description: Service type – digital television broadcasting service. + +#### **B.7.15.1.3 SERVICE\_TYPE\_DIGITAL\_RADIO\_SOUND** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_DIGITAL\_RADIO\_SOUND = 2 + +Description: Service type – digital sound broadcasting service. + +#### **B.7.15.1.4 SERVICE\_TYPE\_TELETEXT** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_TELETEXT = 3 + +Description: Service type – teletext service. + +#### **B.7.15.1.5 SERVICE\_TYPE\_NVOD\_REFERENCE** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_NVOD\_REFERENCE = 4 + +Description: Service type – NVOD reference service. + +#### **B.7.15.1.6 SERVICE\_TYPE\_NVOD\_TIME\_SHIFTED** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_NVOD\_TIME\_SHIFTED = 5 + +Description: Service type – NVOD time shifted service. + +#### **B.7.15.1.7 SERVICE\_TYPE\_MOSAIC** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_MOSAIC = 6 + +Description: Service type – mosaic service. + +#### **B.7.15.1.8 SERVICE\_TYPE\_DATA\_BROADCAST** + +Prototype: static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_DATA\_BROADCAST = 12 + +Description: Service type – data broadcasting service. + +#### **B.7.16 Interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIStreamType** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIStreamType + +Description: Elementary stream stream type constant (stream\_type) definition interface, for the value of the stream type constant, please refer to the standard definition of GB/T 17975.1-2010 "General Coding of Information Technology Moving Pictures and Its Accompanying Information Part 1: System". + +#### **B.7.16.1 Constant – ES Stream Tpe** + +##### **B.7.16.1.1 ES\_PRIVATE\_RESERVED** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_PRIVATE\_RESERVED = 0 + +Description: ES stream type-reserved. + +##### **B.7.16.1.2 ES\_MPEG1\_VIDEO** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_MPEG1\_VIDEO = 1 + +Description: ES stream type – GB/T 17191.2 video. + +##### **B.7.16.1.3 ES\_MPEG2\_VIDEO** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_MPEG2\_VIDEO = 2 + +Description: ES stream type – GB/T 17975.2 video. + +##### **B.7.16.1.4 ES\_MPEG1\_AUDIO** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_MPEG1\_AUDIO = 3 + +Description: ES stream type – GB/T 17191.2 audio. + +#### **B.7.16.1.5 ES\_MPEG2\_AUDIO** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_MPEG2\_AUDIO = 4 + +Description: ES stream type – GB/T 17975.2 audio. + +#### **B.7.16.1.6 ES\_PRIVATE\_SECTION** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_PRIVATE\_SECTION = 5 + +Description: ES stream type-private section. + +#### **B.7.16.1.7 ES\_PRIVATE\_DATA** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_PRIVATE\_DATA = 6 + +Description: ES stream type – PES packet containing private data. + +#### **B.7.16.1.8 ES\_MHEG** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_MHEG = 7 + +Description: ES stream type – ISO/IEC 13522-1 MHEG. + +#### **B.7.16.1.9 ES\_DSMCC** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_DSMCC = 8 + +Description: Stream type – ISO/IEC 13818-1 Appendix B DSMCC. + +#### **B.7.16.1.10 ES\_DSMCC\_A** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_DSMCC\_A = 10 + +Description: ES stream type – ISO/IEC 13818-6 Type A. + +#### **B.7.16.1.11 ES\_DSMCC\_B** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_DSMCC\_B = 11 + +Description: ES stream type – ISO/IEC 13818-6 Type B. + +#### **B.7.16.1.12 ES\_DSMCC\_C** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_DSMCC\_C = 12 + +Description: ES stream type – ISO/IEC 13818-6 Type C. + +#### **B.7.16.1.13 ES\_DSMCC\_D** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_DSMCC\_D = 13 + +Description: ES stream type – ISO/IEC 13818-6 Type D. + +#### **B.7.16.1.14 ES\_AVS\_VIDEO** + +Prototype: public static final byte ES\_AVS\_VIDEO = 66 + +Description: ES stream type – GB/T 20090.2 – 2006 video type. + +### **B.7.17 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase + +Description: A PSI/SI information database, providing the management and operation methods of the PSI/SI information database in DVB mode, and is an entry class for applications to obtain PSI/SI information. Each physical broadcast network interface corresponds to a SIDatabase object. If the + +receiving terminal has only one physical broadcast network interface, there is only one org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object. When implementing the system, the following special application scenarios need to be considered: + +- Scenario 1 – The same physical interface is connected to multiple broadcast networks. For example, terrestrial wireless Tuner may be connected to wireless networks of different operators. At this time, the physical interface corresponds to only one org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object; +- Scenario 2 – Multiple physical interfaces are connected to the same broadcast network. For example, a receiver with PVR function has two Tuners connected to the wired network at the same time. In this case, the system should implement multiple org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.+SIDatabase objects. The information maintained by each SIDatabase is the same. + +### **B.7.17.1 Method** + +#### **B.7.17.1.1 getDatabase** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase[] getDatabase() + +Description: Obtain SI database instances. The receiving terminal may have multiple broadcast network interfaces (for example, simultaneous connection to a wired network and a national standard terrestrial wireless network). Each network interface corresponds to one SI database instance. If there are multiple network interfaces, this method returns multiple SI database instances. + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object array, indicating SI database instance. + +NOTE – When implementing the system, the following special scenarios need to be considered: + +- Scenario 1 – The same physical network interface is connected to multiple broadcast networks. For example, the ground wireless Tuner may be connected to the wireless networks of different operators. In this scenario, there is only one org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase instance; +- Scenario 2 – Multiple physical network interfaces are connected to the same broadcast network. For example, a receiver with PVR function has two or more Tuners connected to the same network at the same time. In this scenario, there are multiple org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si. SIDatabase instances. + +#### **B.7.17.1.2 getID** + +Prototype: public int getID() + +Description: Getting a globally unique identifier of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the globally unique identifier of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object. + +#### **B.7.17.1.3 addNITUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean addNITUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int networkId) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Register the NIT update event listener. When the NIT is updated, a SIUpdateEvent event will be sent to the registered listener object. Whole process listening, when the network interface associated with the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object is tuned to another transport stream, the listening process does not stop. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be registered to receive the NIT update event; + +networkId – Int type, indicating the unique identifier of NIT. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the registration result, true value indicating that the registration is successful, and false value indicating that the registration fails. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the network specified by the parameter network\_id does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.4 removeNITUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean removeNITUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int network\_id) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Unregister the NIT update event listener. If the listener associated with the parameter network\_id does not exist, this method fails, but no exception is thrown. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be unregistered that receives the NIT update event; + +network\_id – Int type, indicating the unique identifier of NIT. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the unregister result, true value indicating that the unregister is successful, and false value indicating that the unregister fails. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the network specified by the parameter network\_id does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.5 addBATUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean addBATUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int networkId, int bouquetId) +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Register BAT update event listener. When the BAT is updated, an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateEvent event will be sent to the registered listener object. Whole process listening, when the network interface associated with the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object is tuned to another transport stream, the listening process does not stop. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be registered to receive the BAT update event; + +networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier of the network where BAT is located; + +bouquetId – Int type, indicating the unique identifier of BAT. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the registration result, true value indicating that the registration is successful, and false value indicating that the registration fails. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException –If the service group specified by the parameters network\_id and bouquet\_id does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.6 removeBATUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean removeBATUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int networkId, int bouquetId) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Unregister the BAT update event listener. If the listener associated with the parameter bouquet\_id does not exist, this method fails, but no exception is thrown. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be unregistered that receives the BAT update event; + +networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier of the network where BAT is located; + +bouquetId – Int type, indicating the unique identifier of BAT. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the unregister result, true value indicating that the unregister is successful, and false value indicating that the unregister failed. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the service group specified by the parameters networkId and bouquetId does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.7 addPATUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public void addPATUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener) + +Description: Register the PAT update event listener. When the PAT is updated, a SIUpdateEvent event will be sent to the registered listener object. Only the PAT in the current transport stream is listened. When the network interface associated with the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object is tuned to another transport stream, the listening process should stop in the background. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be registered that receive the PAT update event. + +Return: None. + +#### **B.7.17.1.8 removePATUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public void removePATUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener) + +Description: Unregister the PAT update event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be unregistered that receives PAT update events. + +Return: None. + +#### **B.7.17.1.9 addPMTUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean addPMTUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int networkId, int originalNetworkId, int transportStreamId, int serviceId) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Register the PMT update event listener. If the services specified by networkId, originalNetworkId, transportStreamId and serviceId are carried in the current transport stream, when the PMT is updated, an org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateEvent object will be sent to the registered listener object. Only the PMT in the current transport stream is listened. When the network interface associated with the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDatabase object is tuned to another transport stream, the listening process should stop in the background. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be registered that receives the PMT update event; + +networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier; + +originalNetworkId – Int type, indicating the original network identifier; + +transportStreamId – Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier; + +serviceId – Int type, indicating the service identifier. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the registration result, true value indicating that the registration is successful, and false value indicating that the registration fails. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the service specified by the parameters networkId, originalNetworkId, transportStreamId, and serviceId does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.10 removePMTUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean removePMTUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int networkId, int originalNetworkId, int transportStreamId,int serviceId) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Unregister the PMT update event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be unregistered that receives the PMT update event; + +networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier; + +originalNetworkId – Int type, indicating the original network identifier; + +transportStreamId – Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier; + +serviceId – Int type, indicating the service identifier. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the unregister result, true value indicating that the unregister is successful, and false value indicating that the unregister failed. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the service specified by the parameters networkId, originalNetworkId, transportStreamId, and serviceId does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.11 addSDTUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean addSDTUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int networkId, int originalNetworkId, int transportStreamId) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Register the SDT update event listener. When the SDT specified by the parameters network\_id, originalNetworkId, and transportStreamId is updated, an SIUpdateEvent event will be sent to the registered listener object. Only the SDT in the current transport stream is listened. When the network interface associated with the SIDatabase object starts to tune to another transport stream, the listening process should stop in the background. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be registered that receives the SDT update event; + +networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier; + +originalNetworkId – Int type, indicating the original network identifier; + +transportStreamId – Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the registration result, true value indicating that the registration is successful, and false value indicating that the registration fails. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the SDT specified by the parameters networkId, originalNetworkId, and transportStreamId does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.12 removeSDTUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public boolean removeSDTUpdateListener(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener listener, int networkId, int originalNetworkId, int transportStreamId) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Unregister the SDT update event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateListener object, indicating the listener object to be unregistered that receives the SDT update event; + +networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier; + +originalNetworkId – Int type, indicating the original network identifier; + +transportStreamId – Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the unregister result, true value indicating that the unregister is successful, and false value indicating that the unregister failed. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the SDT specified by the parameters networkId, originalNetworkId, and transportStreamId does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **B.7.17.1.13 getAllNetworks** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork[] getAllNetworks() + +Description: Getting current network information. + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SINetwork array + +#### **B.7.17.1.14 getAllServices** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService[] getAllServices() + +Description: Getting service information. + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService array + +#### **B.7.17.1.15 getAllTransportStreams** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream[] getAllTransportStreams() + +Description: Getting all transport stream information. + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream array + +#### **B.7.17.1.16 getSIBouquets** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet[] getSIBouquets(int network\_id, int original\_network\_id, int transport\_stream\_id, int service\_id) + +Description: Getting a frequency point and the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet where the program is located. If the parameters are all -1, all org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet will be returned. + +Parameter: network\_id – Int type, indicating the network identifier, if it is -1, it means to retrieve the network information described in the current and other network NIT tables; + +original\_network\_id – int type, the original network identifier; + +transport\_stream\_id – int type, the transport stream identifier; + +service\_id – Program identifier, that is, channel program number, if it is -1, it means it does not match the program identifier; + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIBouquet object array. + +#### **B.7.17.1.17 getSIElementStreams** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream[] getSIElementStreams(int network\_id, int original\_network\_id, int transport\_stream\_id, int service\_id) + +Description: Getting the SIElementaryStream of a certain program, if the parameters are all -1, then return the SIElementaryStream of all programs. + +Parameter: network\_id – Int type, indicating the network identifier, if it is -1, it means to retrieve the network information described in the current and other network NIT tables; + +original\_network\_id – int type, the original network identifier; + +transport\_stream\_id – int type, the transport stream identifier; + +service\_id – Program identifier, that is, channel program number, if it is -1, it means it does not match the program identifier; + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIElementaryStream object array. + +#### **B.7.17.1.18 getSIServices** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService[] getSIServices(int network\_id,int original\_network\_id,int transport\_stream\_id,int service\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified service information org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService. + +Parameter: network\_id-Int type, indicating the network identifier, if it is -1, it means to retrieve the network information described in the current and other network NIT tables; + +original\_network\_id – int type, the original network identifier; + +transport\_stream\_id – int type, the transport stream identifier; + +service\_id – Program identifier, that is, channel program number, if it is -1, it means it does not match the program identifier; + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService object array. + +#### **B.7.17.1.19 getPreferredLanguage** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getPreferredLanguage() + +Description: Getting the default language type for querying SI text information set by the application. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the default language type for querying SI text information set by the application. The three-letter language code follows GB/T 4880.2-2000. + +#### **B.7.17.1.20 setPreferredLanguage** + +Prototype: public void setPreferredLanguage(java.lang.String iso639code) + +Description: Setting the default language type for the application to query SI text information. + +Parameter: iso639code – A java.lang.String object, indicating the language type of SI text information, and the three-letter language code follows GB/T 4880.2-2000. + +Return: None. + +### **B.7.18 Class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequestFailureType** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequestFailureType + +Description: Reason for failure of PSI/SI information retrieval. + +#### **B.7.18.1 Constant field – failure reason** + +##### **B.7.18.1.1 UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int UNKNOWN = 0 + +Description: Reason for retrieval failure-unknown. + +##### **B.7.18.1.2 CANCELED** + +Prototype: public static final int CANCELED = 1 + +Description: Reason for failure of retrieval – the request was cancelled by the application. + +#### **B.7.18.1.3 DATA\_UNAVAILABLE** + +Prototype: public static final int DATA\_UNAVAILABLE = 2 + +Description: Reason for failure of retrieval – data is unavailable. + +#### **B.7.18.1.4 INSUFFICIENT\_RESOURCES** + +Prototype: public static final int INSUFFICIENT\_RESOURCES = 3 + +Description: Reason for failure of retrieval – insufficient resources. + +### **B.7.18.2 Method** + +#### **B.7.18.2.1 getCode** + +Prototype: public int getCode() + +Description: Getting the reason code of the information retrieval failure. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, indicating the reason code for the failure of information retrieval, + +for the value, see the the constant field definition "Failure Reason" of the org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequestFailureType interface. + +#### **B.7.18.2.2 toString** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String toString() + +Description: Getting a text description of the reason for the failure of information retrieval. + +Rewrite: toString() method of the java.lang.Object class. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating a text description of the reason for the failure of information retrieval. + +### **B.7.19 Event org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveEvent extends java.util.EventObject + +Description: PSI/SI information request event is the base class of a group of events related to the PSI/SI information request defined by this package. Only one such event can be generated in one PSI/SI information request. + +#### **B.7.19.1 Method** + +##### **B.7.19.1.1 getSource** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getSource() + +Description: Getting the SIRequest object that generated the event. + +Rewrite: getSource() method of the java.util.EventObject class. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequest object, indicating the SIRequest object that generated the event. + +##### **B.7.19.1.2 getAppData** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getAppData() + +Description: Getting additional application data information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.Object object, indicating additional application data. + +#### **B.7.20 Event org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SISuccessRetrieveEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SISuccessRetrieveEvent extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveEvent + +Description: PSI/SI information or descriptor request success event. + +##### **B.7.20.1 Method** + +###### **B.7.20.1.1 getResult** + +Prototype: public java.util.Enumeration getResult() + +Description: Getting the successful retrieval result. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.util.Enumeration object, indicating the retrieval result. Since both PSI/SI information and descriptor information retrieved through asynchronous methods are returned through this event object, the enumeration object element may be of org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SICommonInformation type or org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIDescriptor type, the application should further determine the type of the enumeration object element through the instanceof method. + +#### **B.7.21 Event org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIFailureRetrieveEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIFailureRetrieveEvent extends org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRetrieveEvent + +Description: PSI/SI information request failure event. + +##### **B.7.21.1 Method** + +###### **B.7.21.1.1 getReason** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequestFailureType getReason() + +Description: Getting the reason for the failure to retrieve PSI/SI information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIRequestFailureType object, indicates the reason for the failure to retrieve PSI/SI information. + +#### **B.7.22 Event org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIUpdateEvent extends java.util.EventObject + +Description: PSI/SI table update event. The application program should first call the getTableID() method to determine which PSI/SI table is updated, and then obtain other parameters according to the specific table type. + +##### **B.7.22.1 Method** + +###### **B.7.22.1.1 getTableID** + +Prototype: public int getTableID() + +Description: Getting the updated PSI/SI table identifier (table\_id). + +Return: Int type, indicating the updated PSI/SI table identifier. + +#### **B.7.22.1.2 getBouquetID** + +Prototype: public int getBouquetID() + +Description: Getting the service group identifier (bouquet\_id). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service group identifier. The return value is meaningful when the BAT is updated. + +#### **B.7.22.1.3 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the identifier of the network. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier. The return value is meaningful when the NIT is updated. + +#### **B.7.22.1.4 getOriginalNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getOriginalNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the original network identifier. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the original network identifier. The return value is meaningful when PMT/SDT/EIT is updated. + +#### **B.7.22.1.5 getServiceID** + +Prototype: public int getServiceID() + +Description: Getting the service identifier. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service identifier (service\_id). The return value is meaningful when the PMT/EIT is updated. + +#### **B.7.22.1.6 getTransportStreamID** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamID() + +Description: Getting the transport stream identifier. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the transport stream identifier. The return value is meaningful when PAT/PMT/SDT/EIT is updated. + +#### **B.7.23 Exception org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.InvalidPeriodException** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.InvalidPeriodException + +extends java.lang.Exception + +Description: Invalid period exception. When the specified date is invalid, the exception is thrown. + +## Annex C + +### JAVA-Two-way broadband network access unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### C.1 Overview + +This annex defines the JAVA interface related to two-way broadband network access, including Ethernet management module and WiFi management module. + +#### C.2 Ethernet management module + +The Ethernet management module provides DHCP information and management information for the Ethernet. + +The summary of the Ethernet management module is shown in Table C.1. + +**Table C.1 – Summary of Ethernet management module** + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| Listener | Ethernet status change event listener, implemented by the application layer | +| Class | | +| DhcpInfo | Provide a method to obtain DHCP configuration information. | +| EthernetManager | Provide a method for Ethernet management. | + +##### C.2.1 Interface org.tvos.net.Listener + +Prototype: public interface org.tvos.net.Listener + +Description: The Ethernet status change event listener is implemented by the application layer. + +###### C.2.1.1 Method + +###### C.2.1.1.1 onAvailabilityChanged + +Prototype: public void onAvailabilityChanged(boolean isAvailable) + +Description: The interface is notified of whether the Ethernet is available. + +Parameter: isAvailable – Boolean type, true indicating available, false indicating unavailable. + +Return: None. + +##### C.2.2 Class org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo + +Prototype: public class org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo implements org.tvos.os.Parcelable + +Description: A DHCP configuration information class, providing a method for obtaining DHCP configuration information. + +###### C.2.2.1 Attributes + +###### C.2.2.1.1 ipAddress + +Prototype: public int ipAddress + +Description: Indicating IP address information. + +###### C.2.2.1.2 gateway + +Prototype: public int gateway + +Description: Indicating gateway information. + +#### **C.2.2.1.3 dns1** + +Prototype: public int dns1 + +Description: Indicating dns1 information. + +#### **C.2.2.1.4 dns2** + +Prototype: public int dns2 + +Description: Indicating dns2 information. + +#### **C.2.2.1.5 serverAddress** + +Prototype: public int serverAddress + +Description: Indicating serverAddress information. + +### **C.2.3 Class org.tvos.net.EthernetManager** + +Prototype: public org.tvos.net.EthernetManager(org.tvos.content.Context context, org.tvos.net.IEthernetManager service) + +Description: An Ethernet connection management class, providing a method of connecting to the Ethernet network. + +#### **C.2.3.1 Constant field** + +##### **C.2.3.1.1 ETHERNET\_STATE\_DISABLED** + +Prototype: public static final int ETHERNET\_STATE\_DISABLED = 0 + +Description: Ethernet disable constant definition. + +##### **C.2.3.1.2 ETHERNET\_STATE\_ENABLED** + +Prototype: public static final int ETHERNET\_STATE\_ENABLED = 1 + +Description: Ethernet enable constant definition. + +##### **C.2.3.1.3 ETHERNET\_STATE\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int ETHERNET\_STATE\_UNKNOWN = 2 + +Description: Ethernet UNKNOWNND constant definition, usually represented in the initialized phase. + +##### **C.2.3.1.4 EVENT\_DHCP\_CONNECT\_SUCCESSED** + +Prototype: public static final int EVENT\_DHCP\_CONNECT\_SUCCESSED = 10 + +Description: DHCP connection is successful. + +##### **C.2.3.1.5 EVENT\_DHCP\_CONNECT\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int EVENT\_DHCP\_CONNECT\_FAILED = 11 + +Description: DHCP connection failed. + +#### **C.2.3.2 Method** + +##### **C.2.3.2.1 isAvailable** + +Prototype: public boolean isAvailable() + +Description: Whether the current Ethernet interface is available. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Boolean type, true indicating available, false indicating unavailable. + +#### **C.2.3.2.2 addListener** + +Prototype: public void addListener(org.tvos.net.Listener listener) + +Description: Add Ethernet status change event listening interface. + +Parameter: listener – org.tvos.net.Listener type, listening callback function, implemented by the application. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.3 removeListener** + +Prototype: public void removeListener(org.tvos.net.Listener listener) + +Description: Delete the Ethernet status change event listening interface. + +Parameter: listener – org.tvos.net.Listener type, listening callback function, implemented by the application. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.4 getConfiguration** + +Prototype: public org.tvos.net.IpConfiguration getConfiguration() + +Description: Getting network configuration information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.tvos.net.IpConfiguration object, indicating network configuration information. + +#### **C.2.3.2.5 setConfiguration** + +Prototype: public void setConfiguration(org.tvos.net.IpConfiguration config) + +Description: Setting the network configuration information. + +Parameter: A config – org.tvos.net.IpConfiguration object, indicating the configuration information of the network. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.6 setEthernetEnabled** + +Prototype: public void setEthernetEnabled(boolean enable) + +Description: Setting Ethernet enable. + +Parameter: enable-boolean type, true indicating enable; false indicating disable. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.7 getEthernetState** + +Prototype: public int getEthernetState() + +Description: Getting the Ethernet status. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the Ethernet status. + +- ETHERNET\_STATE\_DISABLED, Ethernet disable status; +- ETHERNET\_STATE\_ENABLED, Ethernet enabling status; +- ETHERNET\_STATE\_UNKNOWN, unknown status. + +#### **C.2.3.2.8 getDhcpInfo** + +Prototype: public org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo getDhcpInfo() + +Description: Getting Ethernet DHCP information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo object, indicating DHCP information of the Ethernet. + +#### **C.2.3.2.9 getNetLinkStatus** + +Prototype: public boolean getNetLinkStatus() + +Description: Getting physical link status of the network. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Boolean type, true indicating connected, false indicating not connected. + +#### **C.2.3.2.10 getNetLinkStatus** + +Prototype: public int getNetLinkStatus() + +Description: Specify the network port to get the physical link status of the network. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 1 indicating connected; 0 indicating not connected; -1 indicating the specified network port is not found. + +#### **C.2.3.2.11 getInterfaceName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getInterfaceName() + +Description: Getting the network name. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String type, indicating the network name. + +#### **C.2.3.2.12 setEthernetMode** + +Prototype: public void setEthernetMode(java.lang.String mode, org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo dhcpInfo) + +Description: Setting the network mode. + +Parameter: mode – java.lang.String type, can have four values: ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_DHCP, ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_MANUAL, ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_PPPOE, ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_NONE; + +A dhcpInfo-org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo object, indicating DHCP information. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.13 getEthernetMode** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getEthernetMode() + +Description: Getting the network mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.String type, indicating the network mode, which can have four values: ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_DHCP, ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_MANUAL, ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_PPPOE, and ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_NONE. + +#### **C.2.3.2.14 getDeviceNameList** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String[] getDeviceNameList() + +Description: Getting the name of the available physical network port. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String array, indicating the list of network port names. + +#### **C.2.3.2.15 getTotalInterface** + +Prototype: public int getTotalInterface() + +Description: Getting the number of available physical network ports. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the number of network ports. + +#### **C.2.3.2.16 enableEthernet** + +Prototype: public void enableEthernet(boolean enable) + +Description: Enabled network. + +Parameter: enable-boolean type, true indicating enable; false indicating disable. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.17 setInterfaceName** + +Prototype: public boolean setInterfaceName(java.lang.String iface) + +Description: Setting the name of the network port. + +Parameter: iface-java.lang.String type, the value being eth0, eth1, etc. + +Return: Boolean type, true indicating success; false indicating failure. + +#### **C.2.3.2.18 getDhcpOption60State** + +Prototype: public int getDhcpOption60State() + +Description: Getting the status of Dhcp Option60/Option61. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, can take the following three values OPTION60\_STATE\_DISABLED, OPTION60\_STATE\_ENABLED, OPTION60\_STATE\_UNKNOWN. + +#### **C.2.3.2.19 getDhcpOption60Login** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getDhcpOption60Login() + +Description: Getting the username of Dhcp Option61. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.String type, indicating the Option 61 username. + +#### **C.2.3.2.20 getDhcpOption60Password** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getDhcpOption60Password() + +Description: Getting the Dhcp Option60 password. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.String type, indicating the password. + +#### **C.2.3.2.21 setDhcpOption60** + +Prototype: public void setDhcpOption60(boolean enable, java.lang.String login, java.lang.String password) + +Description: Setting the username and password of Dhcp Option60. + +Parameter: enable – boolean type, indicating enable or disable; + +login – java.lang.String type, indicating the username; + +password – java.lang.String, indicating the password. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.22 getDhcpOption125State** + +Prototype: public int getDhcpOption125State() + +Description: Getting the status of DHCP Option125. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, the value being OPTION125\_STATE\_DISABLED or OPTION125\_STATE\_ENABLED or OPTION125\_STATE\_UNKNOWN. + +#### **C.2.3.2.23 getDhcpOption125Info** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getDhcpOption125Info() + +Description: Getting DHCP Option125 information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.String type, indicating DHCP Option125 information. + +#### **C.2.3.2.24 setDhcpOption125** + +Prototype: public void setDhcpOption125(boolean enable, java.lang.String option125Info) + +Description: Setting DHCP Option125 information. + +Parameter: enable-boolean type, indicating enable or disable. + +option125Info – java.lang.String type, indicating Option125 information. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.25 enableIpv6** + +Prototype: public void enableIpv6(boolean enable) + +Description: Enable IPv6. + +Parameter: enable – boolean type, indicating enable or disable. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.2.3.2.26 getIpv6PersistedState** + +Prototype: public int getIpv6PersistedState() + +Description: Getting DHCPv6 status. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, the value being DHCPV6\_STATE\_ENABLED, DHCPV6\_STATE\_DISABLED, DHCPV6\_STATE\_UNKNOWN. + +#### C.2.3.2.27 setEthernetMode6 + +Prototype: public void setEthernetMode6(java.lang.String mode) + +Description: Setting the mode for obtaining IPv6 addresses. + +Parameter: mode-java.lang.String type, the value being ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_DHCP or ETHERNET\_CONNECT\_MODE\_MANUAL. + +Return: None. + +### C.3 WiFi management module + +The WiFi management module provides classes and methods related to WiFi network interface control. + +The summary of WiFi management module is shown in Table C.2. + +**Table C.2 – Summary of WiFi management module** + +| Interface | | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ActionListener | WiFi status change event listener is implemented by the application layer. | +| Class | | +| WifiInfo | An WiFi connection information class, providing a method to obtain WiFi connection information. | +| WifiManager | An WiFi manager, providing the management function of WiFi wireless network:
1) Find, scan and manage currently available wireless network access points (AP);
2) Manage currently active network access links, such as establishing connection, disconnecting connection, disabling connection, deleting connection, etc. | +| ScanResult | WiFi scan result describes a connection access point information found by the WiFi scan. | + +#### C.3.1 Interface org.tvos.net.wifi.ActionListener + +Prototype: public interface org.tvos.net.wifi.ActionListener + +Description: WiFi status change event listener interface is implemented by the application layer. + +##### C.3.1.1 Method + +###### C.3.1.1.1 onSuccess + +Prototype: public void onSuccess() + +Description: WiFi connection is successful. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +###### C.3.1.1.2 onFailure + +Prototype: public void onFailure(int reason) + +Description: WiFi connection failed. + +Parameter: reason – int type, indicating the reason for the connection failure. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of the "WiFi Status" of WifiManager. + +Return: None. + +### **C.3.2 Class org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiInfo** + +Prototype: public class org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiInfo implements org.tvos.os.Parcelable + +Description: WiFi connection information class, describes the WiFi connection status. + +#### **C.3.2.1 Method** + +##### **C.3.2.1.1 getMacAddress** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getMacAddress() + +Description: Getting the hotspot routing MAC address. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.String object, indicating the hotspot routing MAC address. + +##### **C.3.2.1.2 getSSID** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getSSID() + +Description: Getting the SSID of the current network connection. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.String object, indicating the SSID of the current network connection. + +##### **C.3.2.1.3 isHiddenSSID** + +Prototype: public boolean isHiddenSSID() + +Description: Determine whether the current connection hides the SSID (that is, does not broadcast the SSID). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, indicating whether the connection is to hide the SSID, true value indicating that the SSID is hidden, and the false value indicating that the SSID is broadcast. + +##### **C.3.2.1.4 getLinkSpeed** + +Prototype: public int getLinkSpeed() + +Description: Getting the speed of the network connection. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network connection speed in megabits per second (Mb/s). + +##### **C.3.2.1.5 getNetworkId** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkId() + +Description: Getting the identifier number of the current network connection. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network identifier of the current network connection. + +##### **C.3.2.1.6 getBSSID** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getBSSID() + +Description: Getting the BSSID of the access point. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.String type, returning the BSSID of the access point. + +#### **C.3.2.1.7 getIpAddress** + +Prototype: public int getIpAddress() + +Description: Getting the ip address of the current connection. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the IP address of the current connection. + +#### **C.3.2.1.8 getFrequency** + +Prototype: public int getFrequency() + +Description: Getting the transmit frequency of the current connection. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the transmitting frequency of the current connection, in MHz. + +### **C.3.3 Class org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiManager** + +Prototype: public class org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiManager + +Description: A WiFi manager, providing the management function of WiFi wireless network: + +- 1) Find, scan and manage currently available wireless network access points (AP); +- 2) Manage the currently active network access links, such as establishing a connection, disconnecting the connection, disabling the connection, and deleting the connection. + +#### **C.3.3.1 Constant field – WiFi status** + +##### **C.3.3.1.1 ERROR\_AUTHENTICATING** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_AUTHENTICATING = 1 + +Description: The error code returned when authentication fails. + +##### **C.3.3.1.2 WIFI\_STATE\_DISABLING** + +Prototype: public static final int WIFI\_STATE\_DISABLING = 0 + +Description: Intermediate state when wifi is disabled. + +##### **C.3.3.1.3 WIFI\_STATE\_DISABLED** + +Prototype: public static final int WIFI\_STATE\_DISABLED = 1 + +Description: WiFi disabled state. + +##### **C.3.3.1.4 WIFI\_STATE\_ENABLING** + +Prototype: public static final int WIFI\_STATE\_ENABLING = 2 + +Description: Intermediate state of wifi enabled. + +##### **C.3.3.1.5 WIFI\_STATE\_ENABLED** + +Prototype: public static final int WIFI\_STATE\_ENABLED = 3 + +Description: WiFi enabled state. + +##### **C.3.3.1.6 WIFI\_STATE\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int WIFI\_STATE\_UNKNOWN = 4 + +Description: wifi unknown status. When returning to this status, it means that there is usually an error. + +### **C.3.3.2 Method** + +#### **C.3.3.2.1 WifiManager** + +Prototype: public WifiManager(org.tvos.content.Context context, org.tvos.net.wifi.IWifiManager service) + +Description: Getting an example of the WiFi wireless network manager implemented by the system. + +Parameter: context-org.tvos.content.Context object, indicating the context of the application; +service-org.tvos.net.wifi.Iwifimanager object, indicating WiFi service. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.2 getConfiguredNetworks** + +Prototype: public List getConfiguredNetworks() + +Description: Getting the currently available WiFi network connection configuration. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration object array, indicating the currently available WiFi network connection configuration. If there is no network connection configuration available, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **C.3.3.2.3 addNetwork** + +Prototype: public int addNetwork(org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration config) + +Description: Add a network configuration. The application can get the available network configuration through the getConfiguredNetworks method, and select a configuration to set the connection password, and re-add it to the WiFi manager. + +Parameter: A wifiConfiguration-org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration object, indicating the network configuration object. + +Return: int type, returning the network configuration identifier (ID) if it succeeds, and returns -1 if it fails. + +#### **C.3.3.2.4 removeNetwork** + +Prototype: public boolean removeNetwork(int netId) + +Description: Remove a specified network configuration. + +Parameter: networkId – Int type, indicating the network configuration identifier. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.5 enableNetwork** + +Prototype: public boolean enableNetwork(int netId, boolean disableOthers) + +Description: Enable a certain network connection. Associate WiFi to a specified network connection configuration and start the network connection at the same time. Call this interface to generate network connection status change events. + +Parameter: networkId – Int type, indicating the identifier of a certain network connection, obtained from the WifiConfiguration object; + +disableOthers – boolean type, indicating whether to disable other networks, true value indicating that other networks are disabled, and false indicating that the use of other networks is not affected. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.6 disableNetwork** + +Prototype: public boolean disableNetwork(int netId) + +Description: Disable a certain network connection, the network connection configuration is no longer a valid candidate connection. Call this interface to generate network connection status change events. + +Parameter: networkId –Int type, indicating the identifier of a certain network connection, which is obtained from the WifiConfiguration object. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.7 getConnectionInfo** + +Prototype: public org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiInfo getConnectionInfo() + +Description: Getting current connection information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.tvos.net.wifi.WifiInfo object, indicating the current connection status information. + +#### **C.3.3.2.8 isWifiEnabled** + +Prototype: public boolean isWifiEnabled() + +Description: Check whether WiFi is turned on. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that WiFi is on, and false indicating that WiFi is off. + +#### **C.3.3.2.9 setWifiEnabled** + +Prototype: public boolean setWifiEnabled(boolean enabled) + +Description: Setting WiFi on or off. + +Parameter: enabled-boolean type, true value indicating that WiFi is turned on, and false value indicating that WiFi is turned off. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the result of the operation, true value indicating that the operation is successful, and false value indicating that the operation fails. + +#### **C.3.3.2.10 saveConfiguration** + +Prototype: public boolean saveConfiguration() + +Description: Saving the network configuration. This interface informs the bottom layer to save the currently configured network hotspot information so that it can be automatically connected when it is turned on next time. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.11 getScanResult** + +Prototype: public List< org.tvos.net.wifi.ScanResult> getScanResults() + +Description: Getting the last scan result. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.tvos.net.wifi.ScanResult object array, indicating the result of the last scan. If there is no scan result, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **C.3.3.2.12 startScan** + +Prototype: public boolean startScan() + +Description: The method returns immediately, and the scan result is returned to the caller in the form of an event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the scan started successfully; false indicating that the scan started failed. + +#### **C.3.3.2.13 disconnect** + +Prototype: public boolean disconnect() + +Description: Disconnect from the current network connection point. Call this interface to generate network connection status change events. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.14 reassociate** + +Prototype: public boolean reassociate() + +Description: Re-associate the current network connection point, even if it is connected to the current network. Call this interface to generate network connection status change events. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.15 reconnect** + +Prototype: public boolean reconnect() + +Description: If the current network connection has been disconnected, reconnect to the current network. Call this interface to generate network connection status change events. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **C.3.3.2.16 getDhcpInfo** + +Prototype: public org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo getDhcpInfo() + +Description: Obtain the result information from the last DHCP request. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.tvos.net.DhcpInfo object. + +#### **C.3.3.2.17 getWifiState** + +Prototype: public int getWifiState() + +Description: Getting the status of wifi. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: See the constant field definition, which can take the following values: + +WIFI\_STATE\_DISABLING, WIFI\_STATE\_ENABLED, WIFI\_STATE\_ENABLING, +WIFI\_STATE\_UNKNOWN. + +### **C.3.4 Class org.tvos.net.wifi.ScanResult** + +Prototype: public class org.tvos.net.wifi.ScanResult implements org.tvos.os.Parcelable + +Description: Describes the information of a connection access point in the WiFi scan result. + +#### **C.3.4.1 Attributes** + +##### **C.3.4.1.1 SSID** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String SSID + +Description: WiFi wireless network connection access point name. + +##### **C.3.4.1.2 BSSID** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String BSSID + +Description: WiFi wireless network connection access point address. + +##### **C.3.4.1.3 capabilities** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String capabilities + +Description: Ability configuration of WiFi wireless network connection access point. + +##### **C.3.4.1.4 frequency** + +Prototype: public int frequency + +Description: Transmit frequency of the WiFi wireless network connection access point, in megahertz (MHz). + +##### **C.3.4.1.5 level** + +Prototype: public int level + +Description: Signal strength of the WiFi wireless network connection access point, in dBm. + +## Annex D + +### JAVA-Human-computer interaction unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### D.1 Overview + +This annex defines the JAVA interface definition related to human-computer interaction. + +#### D.2 Human-computer interaction module + +The human-computer interaction module provides classes and methods related to human-computer interaction, including user input and output. + +The summary of the human-computer interaction module is shown in Table D.1. + +**Table D.1 – Summary of human-computer interaction module** + +| Interface | | +|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| UserInput | The user enters the message definition. | +| NgbKeyListener | The key event listener interface is implemented by the application program that need to listen to KeyEvent. | +| NgbMouseListener | The mouse event listener interface is implemented by the application program that need to listen to MouseEvent. | +| NgbVoiceListener | The voice event listener interface is implemented by the application program that need to listen to voice recognition. | +| Class | | +| FrontPanel | Front panel information display output control, including LED indicator and LED digital tube display control. | +| NgbInputManager | Input control manager, used to listen and receive events such as keystrokes, mouse, and injection control. | +| NgbVoiceManager | The voice-related control manager is used for the control and realization of related functions such as voice recognition and voice broadcast. | +| Event | | +| NgbInputEvent | The NGB input event class is the base class of other NGB extended input events in this package. | +| KeyEvent | The key event class inherits the NgbInputEvent class. | +| MouseEvent | The mouse event class inherits the NgbInputEvent class. | + +User input refers to the user sending user instructions to the receiving terminal through some input devices such as remote control, mouse, keyboard, front panel keys, etc. These user instructions are uniformly packaged into key messages for processing. This specification stipulates the key values of the keys: + +- The key values of the mouse and keyboard are compatible with KeyEvent and MouseEvent; +- The key values of the remote control and the front panel are partly unified with the key values of the keyboard, and the rest are defined by this specification. + +The user input message contains an indication of the source of the message to distinguish the source of the message. + +User output refers to the receiving terminal to feedback information to the user through the front panel or display screen. This specification mainly stipulates the information output of the front panel. + +### **D.2.1 Interface org.ngb.interact.UserInput** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.interact.UserInput + +Description: User input interface. + +#### **D.2.1.1 Constant field – user input message source** + +##### **D.2.1.1.1 INPUT\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int INPUT\_UNKNOWN = 0x0(0) + +Description: Source of key message-indicating unknown. + +##### **D.2.1.1.2 INPUT\_FRONTPANEL** + +Prototype: public static final int INPUT\_FRONTPANEL = 0x1(1) + +Description: Source of key message-indicating the key input on the front panel of the receiver. + +##### **D.2.1.1.3 INPUT\_KEYBOARD** + +Prototype: public static final int INPUT\_KEYBOARD = 0x2(2) + +Description: Source of key message-indicating the PC keyboard key input. + +##### **D.2.1.1.4 INPUT\_MOUSE** + +Prototype: public static final int INPUT\_MOUSE = 0x3(3) + +Description: Source of key message-indicating mouse key input. + +##### **D.2.1.1.5 INPUT\_REMOTECTRL** + +Prototype: public static final int INPUT\_REMOTECTRL = 0x4(4) + +Description: Source of key message-indicating the remote control key input. + +##### **D.2.1.1.6 INPUT\_USER** + +Prototype: public static final int INPUT\_USER = 0x5(5) + +Description: Source of key message-indicating user input. + +#### **D.2.1.2 Constant field – keyboard key status** + +##### **D.2.1.2.1 KEY\_TYPED** + +Prototype: public static final int KEY\_TYPED = 0x0190(400) + +Description: Key state constant – indicating the keystroke status, compatible with KeyEvent.KEY\_TYPED. + +##### **D.2.1.2.2 KEY\_PRESSED** + +Prototype: public static final int KEY\_PRESSED = 0x0191(401) + +Description: Key state constant – indicating the pressed state, compatible with KeyEvent.KEY\_PRESSED. + +##### **D.2.1.2.3 KEY\_RELEASED** + +Prototype: public static final int KEY\_RELEASED = 0x0192(402) + +Description: Key state constant – indicating the release state, compatible with KeyEvent.KEY\_RELEASED. + +#### **D.2.1.3 Constant field – mouse pressed state** + +##### **D.2.1.3.1 MOUSE\_PRESSED** + +Prototype: public static final int MOUSE\_PRESSED = 0x01F5(501) + +Description: Mouse key state constant – indicating the pressed state, compatible with MouseEvent.MOUSE\_PRESSED. + +##### **D.2.1.3.2 MOUSE\_RELEASED** + +Prototype: public static final int MOUSE\_RELEASED = 0x01F6(502) + +Description: Mouse key state constant – indicating the released state, compatible with MouseEvent.MOUSE\_RELEASED. + +##### **D.2.1.3.3 MOUSE\_MOVED** + +Prototype: public static final int MOUSE\_MOVED = 0x01F7(503) + +Description: Mouse key state constant – indicating moving status, compatible with MouseEvent.MOUSE\_MOVED. + +#### **D.2.1.4 Constant field – mouse button message code** + +##### **D.2.1.4.1 MOUSE\_NOBUTTON** + +Prototype: public static final int MOUSE\_NOBUTTON = 0x00(0) + +Description: Mouse button message code – indicating an invalid button, compatible with MouseEvent.NOBUTTON. + +##### **D.2.1.4.2 MOUSE\_LBUTTON** + +Prototype: public static final int MOUSE\_LBUTTON = 0x01(1) + +Description: Mouse button message code – indicating the left mouse button, compatible with MouseEvent.BUTTON1. + +##### **D.2.1.4.3 MOUSE\_MBUTTON** + +Prototype: public static final int MOUSE\_MBUTTON = 0x02(2) + +Description: Mouse button message code – indicating the middle mouse button, compatible with MouseEvent.BUTTON2. + +##### **D.2.1.4.4 MOUSE\_RBUTTON** + +Prototype: public static final int MOUSE\_RBUTTON = 0x03(3) + +Description: Mouse button message code – indicating the right mouse button, compatible with MouseEvent.BUTTON3. + +#### **D.2.1.5 Constant field – button message code** + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|------------------|---------------------|----------------------------| +| 0 | KEYCODE_UNKNOWN | unknown | +| 1 | KEYCODE_SOFT_LEFT | | +| 2 | KEYCODE_SOFT_RIGHT | | +| 3 | KEYCODE_HOME | Home | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|---------------------|-----------------------| +| 4 | KEYCODE_BACK | return | +| 5 | KEYCODE_CALL | dial | +| 6 | KEYCODE_ENDCALL | Hanging-up | +| 7 | KEYCODE_0 | 0 | +| 8 | KEYCODE_1 | 1 | +| 9 | KEYCODE_2 | 2 | +| 10 | KEYCODE_3 | 3 | +| 11 | KEYCODE_4 | 4 | +| 12 | KEYCODE_5 | 5 | +| 13 | KEYCODE_6 | 6 | +| 14 | KEYCODE_7 | 7 | +| 15 | KEYCODE_8 | 8 | +| 16 | KEYCODE_9 | 9 | +| 17 | KEYCODE_STAR | * | +| 18 | KEYCODE_POUND | # | +| 19 | KEYCODE_DPAD_UP | Navigation key up | +| 20 | KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN | Navigation key down | +| 21 | KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT | Navigation key left | +| 22 | KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT | Navigation key right | +| 23 | KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER | Navigation key middle | +| 24 | KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP | Volume up | +| 25 | KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN | Volume down | +| 26 | KEYCODE_POWER | Power | +| 27 | KEYCODE_CAMERA | Camera | +| 28 | KEYCODE_CLEAR | | +| 29 | KEYCODE_A | A | +| 30 | KEYCODE_B | B | +| 31 | KEYCODE_C | C | +| 32 | KEYCODE_D | D | +| 33 | KEYCODE_E | E | +| 34 | KEYCODE_F | F | +| 35 | KEYCODE_G | G | +| 36 | KEYCODE_H | H | +| 37 | KEYCODE_I | I | +| 38 | KEYCODE_J | J | +| 39 | KEYCODE_K | K | +| 40 | KEYCODE_L | L | +| 41 | KEYCODE_M | M | +| 42 | KEYCODE_N | N | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|-----------------------|----------------------| +| 43 | KEYCODE_O | O | +| 44 | KEYCODE_P | P | +| 45 | KEYCODE_Q | Q | +| 46 | KEYCODE_R | R | +| 47 | KEYCODE_S | S | +| 48 | KEYCODE_T | T | +| 49 | KEYCODE_U | U | +| 50 | KEYCODE_V | V | +| 51 | KEYCODE_W | W | +| 52 | KEYCODE_X | X | +| 53 | KEYCODE_Y | Y | +| 54 | KEYCODE_Z | Z | +| 55 | KEYCODE_COMMA | , | +| 56 | KEYCODE_PERIOD | . | +| 57 | KEYCODE_ALT_LEFT | Left ALT | +| 58 | KEYCODE_ALT_RIGHT | Right ALT | +| 59 | KEYCODE_SHIFT_LEFT | Left SHIFT | +| 60 | KEYCODE_SHIFT_RIGHT | Right SHIFT | +| 61 | KEYCODE_TAB | Tab | +| 62 | KEYCODE_SPACE | Space | +| 63 | KEYCODE_SYM | Symbol modifier | +| 64 | KEYCODE_EXPLORER | Browse | +| 65 | KEYCODE_ENVELOPE | Mail | +| 66 | KEYCODE_ENTER | Enter | +| 67 | KEYCODE_DEL | Backspace | +| 68 | KEYCODE_GRAVE | ` | +| 69 | KEYCODE_MINUS | – | +| 70 | KEYCODE_EQUALS | = | +| 71 | KEYCODE_LEFT_BRACKET | [ | +| 72 | KEYCODE_RIGHT_BRACKET | ] | +| 73 | KEYCODE_BACKSLASH | \ | +| 74 | KEYCODE_SEMICOLON | ; | +| 75 | KEYCODE_APOSTROPHE | ' | +| 76 | KEYCODE_SLASH | / | +| 77 | KEYCODE_AT | @ | +| 78 | KEYCODE_NUM | Num | +| 79 | KEYCODE_HEADSETHOOK | Headphone answer key | +| 80 | KEYCODE_FOCUS | Camera focus | +| 81 | KEYCODE_PLUS | + | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|----------------------------|---------------------------------| +| 82 | KEYCODE_MENU | Menu | +| 83 | KEYCODE_NOTIFICATION | Notification | +| 84 | KEYCODE_SEARCH | Search | +| 85 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE | Multimedia button Play/Pause | +| 86 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_STOP | Multimedia button stop | +| 87 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_NEXT | Multimedia button next song | +| 88 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_PREVIOUS | Multimedia button Previous song | +| 89 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_REWIND | Multimedia button Fast Backward | +| 90 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_FAST_FORWARD | Multimedia button Fast Forward | +| 91 | KEYCODE_MUTE | Mute the microphone | +| 92 | KEYCODE_PAGE_UP | Page up | +| 93 | KEYCODE_PAGE_DOWN | Page down | +| 94 | KEYCODE_PICTSYMBOLS | Picture Symbols modifier | +| 95 | KEYCODE_SWITCH_CHARSET | Switch Charset modifier | +| 96 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_A | Gamepad button A | +| 97 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_B | Gamepad button B | +| 98 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_C | Gamepad button C | +| 99 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_X | Gamepad button X | +| 100 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_Y | Gamepad button Y | +| 101 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_Z | Gamepad button Z | +| 102 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_L1 | Gamepad button L1 | +| 103 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_R1 | Gamepad button L2 | +| 104 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_L2 | Gamepad button R1 | +| 105 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_R2 | Gamepad button R2 | +| 106 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_THUMBL | Left Thumb Button | +| 107 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_THUMBR | Right Thumb Button | +| 108 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_START | Gamepad button Start | +| 109 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_SELECT | Gamepad button Select | +| 110 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_MODE | Gamepad button Mode | +| 111 | KEYCODE_ESCAPE | ESC key | +| 112 | KEYCODE_FORWARD_DEL | Delete | +| 113 | KEYCODE_CTRL_LEFT | Left CTRL | +| 114 | KEYCODE_CTRL_RIGHT | Right CTRL | +| 115 | KEYCODE_CAPS_LOCK | Caps Lock | +| 116 | KEYCODE_SCROLL_LOCK | Scroll Lock | +| 117 | KEYCODE_META_LEFT | Left meta | +| 118 | KEYCODE_META_RIGHT | Right meta | +| 119 | KEYCODE_FUNCTION | Fn | +| 120 | KEYCODE_SYSRQ | System request/Screenshot | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|------------------|-------------------------|----------------------------------| +| 121 | KEYCODE_BREAK | Rest/Pause | +| 122 | KEYCODE_MOVE_HOME | Move the cursor to the beginning | +| 123 | KEYCODE_MOVE_END | Move the cursor to the end | +| 124 | KEYCODE_INSERT | Insert | +| 125 | KEYCODE_FORWARD | Move the cursor forward | +| 126 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_PLAY | Multimedia button Play | +| 127 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_PAUSE | Multimedia button Pause | +| 128 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_CLOSE | Multimedia button Close | +| 129 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_EJECT | Multimedia button Eject | +| 130 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_RECORD | Multimedia button Record | +| 131 | KEYCODE_F1 | F1 | +| 132 | KEYCODE_F2 | F2 | +| 133 | KEYCODE_F3 | F3 | +| 134 | KEYCODE_F4 | F4 | +| 135 | KEYCODE_F5 | F5 | +| 136 | KEYCODE_F6 | F6 | +| 137 | KEYCODE_F7 | F7 | +| 138 | KEYCODE_F8 | F8 | +| 139 | KEYCODE_F9 | F9 | +| 140 | KEYCODE_F10 | F10 | +| 141 | KEYCODE_F11 | F11 | +| 142 | KEYCODE_F12 | F12 | +| 143 | KEYCODE_NUM_LOCK | Numeric keypad lock | +| 144 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_0 | Numeric keypad 0 | +| 145 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_1 | Numeric keypad 1 | +| 146 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_2 | Numeric keypad 2 | +| 147 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_3 | Numeric keypad 3 | +| 148 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_4 | Numeric keypad 4 | +| 149 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_5 | Numeric keypad 5 | +| 150 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_6 | Numeric keypad 6 | +| 151 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_7 | Numeric keypad 7 | +| 152 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_8 | Numeric keypad 8 | +| 153 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_9 | Numeric keypad 9 | +| 154 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_DIVIDE | Numeric keypad / | +| 155 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_MULTIPLY | Numeric keypad * | +| 156 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_SUBTRACT | Numeric keypad - | +| 157 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_ADD | Numeric keypad + | +| 158 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_DOT | Numeric keypad. | +| 159 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_COMMA | Numeric keypad, | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------| +| 160 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_ENTER | Numeric keypad Enter | +| 161 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_EQUALS | Numeric keypad = | +| 162 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_LEFT_PAREN | Numeric keypad ( | +| 163 | KEYCODE_NUMPAD_RIGHT_PAREN | Numeric keypad) | +| 164 | KEYCODE_VOLUME_MUTE | Mute speaker | +| 165 | KEYCODE_INFO | Info | +| 166 | KEYCODE_CHANNEL_UP | Channel up | +| 167 | KEYCODE_CHANNEL_DOWN | Channel down | +| 168 | KEYCODE_ZOOM_IN | Zoom in | +| 169 | KEYCODE_ZOOM_OUT | Zoom out | +| 170 | KEYCODE_TV | TV button Live | +| 171 | KEYCODE_WINDOW | TV button Picture in Picture | +| 172 | KEYCODE_GUIDE | TV button Program guide | +| 173 | KEYCODE_DVR | TV button recording | +| 174 | KEYCODE_BOOKMARK | TV button bookmark | +| 175 | KEYCODE_CAPTIONS | Text subtitle switch | +| 176 | KEYCODE_SETTINGS | System settings | +| 177 | KEYCODE_TV_POWER | TV button Power switch | +| 178 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT | TV button Input source | +| 179 | KEYCODE_STB_POWER | TV button External set-top box power switch | +| 180 | KEYCODE_STB_INPUT | TV button External set-top box input source | +| 181 | KEYCODE_AVR_POWER | TV button Home theater power switch | +| 182 | KEYCODE_AVR_INPUT | TV button Home theater input source | +| 183 | KEYCODE_PROG_RED | TV button Red | +| 184 | KEYCODE_PROG_GREEN | TV button Green | +| 185 | KEYCODE_PROG_YELLOW | TV button Yellow | +| 186 | KEYCODE_PROG_BLUE | TV button Blue | +| 187 | KEYCODE_APP_SWITCH | Application switch key | +| 188 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_1 | Universal gamepad button #1 | +| 189 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_2 | Universal gamepad button #2 | +| 190 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_3 | Universal gamepad button #3 | +| 191 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_4 | Universal gamepad button #4 | +| 192 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_5 | Universal gamepad button #5 | +| 193 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_6 | Universal gamepad button #6 | +| 194 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_7 | Universal gamepad button #7 | +| 195 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_8 | Universal gamepad button #8 | +| 196 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_9 | Universal gamepad button #9 | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------| +| 197 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_10 | Universal gamepad button #10 | +| 198 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_11 | Universal gamepad button #11 | +| 199 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_12 | Universal gamepad button #12 | +| 200 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_13 | Universal gamepad button #13 | +| 201 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_14 | Universal gamepad button #14 | +| 202 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_15 | Universal gamepad button #15 | +| 203 | KEYCODE_BUTTON_16 | Universal gamepad button #16 | +| 204 | KEYCODE_LANGUAGE_SWITCH | Input method language switch key | +| 205 | KEYCODE_MANNER_MODE | Mute/vibration mode switch | +| 206 | KEYCODE_3D_MODE | 2D/3D switch | +| 207 | KEYCODE_CONTACTS | Address book | +| 208 | KEYCODE_CALENDAR | Calendar | +| 209 | KEYCODE_MUSIC | Music | +| 210 | KEYCODE_CALCULATOR | Calculator | +| 211 | KEYCODE_ZENKAKU_HANKAKU | Japanese full-width/half-width key | +| 212 | KEYCODE_EISU | Japanese alphanumeric key | +| 213 | KEYCODE_MUHENKAN | Japanese non-conversion key | +| 214 | KEYCODE_HENKAN | Japanese switch key | +| 215 | KEYCODE_KATAKANA_HIRAGANA | Japanese Katakana/Hiragana key | +| 216 | KEYCODE_YEN | JPY | +| 217 | KEYCODE_RO | Japanese XX | +| 218 | KEYCODE_KANA | Japanese XX | +| 219 | KEYCODE_ASSIST | Assist | +| 220 | KEYCODE_BRIGHTNESS_DOWN | Brightness down | +| 221 | KEYCODE_BRIGHTNESS_UP | Brightness up | +| 222 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_AUDIO_TRACK | Audio track | +| 223 | KEYCODE_SLEEP | Sleep | +| 224 | KEYCODE_WAKEUP | Wake up | +| 225 | KEYCODE_PAIRING | Peripheral device pairing | +| 226 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_TOP_MENU | Top menu | +| 227 | KEYCODE_11 | 11 | +| 228 | KEYCODE_12 | 12 | +| 229 | KEYCODE_LAST_CHANNEL | Previous channel | +| 230 | KEYCODE_TV_DATA_SERVICE | Data service | +| 231 | KEYCODE_VOICE_ASSIST | Voice assist | +| 232 | KEYCODE_TV_RADIO_SERVICE | Video and audio switching | +| 233 | KEYCODE_TV_TELETEXT | Teletext switch | +| 234 | KEYCODE_TV_NUMBER_ENTRY | Switch numeric key | +| 235 | KEYCODE_TV_TERRESTRIAL_ANALOG | Analog terrestrial television | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------| +| 236 | KEYCODE_TV_TERRESTRIAL_DIGITAL | Digital terrestrial television | +| 237 | KEYCODE_TV_SATELLITE | Digital satellite television | +| 238 | KEYCODE_TV_SATELLITE_BS | Japan BS Digital Satellite TV | +| 239 | KEYCODE_TV_SATELLITE_CS | Japan CS Digital Satellite TV | +| 240 | KEYCODE_TV_SATELLITE_SERVICE | BS/CS switch | +| 241 | KEYCODE_TV_NETWORK | Two-way/broadcast switch | +| 242 | KEYCODE_TV_ANTENNA_CABLE | Antenna/wire switch | +| 243 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_HDMI_1 | HDMI input 1 | +| 244 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_HDMI_2 | HDMI input 2 | +| 245 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_HDMI_3 | HDMI input 3 | +| 246 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_HDMI_4 | HDMI input 4 | +| 247 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_COMPOSITE_1 | CVBS input 1 | +| 248 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_COMPOSITE_2 | CVBS input 2 | +| 249 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_COMPONENT_1 | YpbPr input 1 | +| 250 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_COMPONENT_2 | YpbPr input 2 | +| 251 | KEYCODE_TV_INPUT_VGA_1 | VGA input | +| 252 | KEYCODE_TV_AUDIO_DESCRIPTION | Audio Descriptor Switch | +| 253 | KEYCODE_TV_AUDIO_DESCRIPTION_MIX_UP | Audio descriptor Volume up | +| 254 | KEYCODE_TV_AUDIO_DESCRIPTION_MIX_DOWN | Audio descriptor Volume down | +| 255 | KEYCODE_TV_ZOOM_MODE | Zoom in mode | +| 256 | KEYCODE_TV_CONTENTS_MENU | Content menu | +| 257 | KEYCODE_TV_MEDIA_CONTEXT_MENU | Context menu | +| 258 | KEYCODE_TV_TIMER_PROGRAMMING | Time adjustment | +| 259 | KEYCODE_HELP | Help | +| 260 | KEYCODE_NAVIGATE_PREVIOUS | Navigation Previous | +| 261 | KEYCODE_NAVIGATE_NEXT | Navigation Next | +| 262 | KEYCODE_NAVIGATE_IN | Navigation In | +| 263 | KEYCODE_NAVIGATE_OUT | Navigation Out | +| 264 | KEYCODE_STEM_PRIMARY | Wear Power/Restart | +| 265 | KEYCODE_STEM_1 | Wear Universal key 1 | +| 266 | KEYCODE_STEM_2 | Wear Universal key 2 | +| 267 | KEYCODE_STEM_3 | Wear Universal key 3 | +| 268 | KEYCODE_DPAD_UP_LEFT | Navigation Up left | +| 269 | KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN_LEFT | Navigation Down left | +| 270 | KEYCODE_DPAD_UP_RIGHT | Navigation Up right | +| 271 | KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN_RIGHT | Navigation Down right | +| 272 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_SKIP_FORWARD | Multimedia Fast forward | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------| +| 273 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_SKIP_BACKWARD | Multimedia Fast backward | +| 274 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_STEP_FORWARD | Multimedia Step forward | +| 275 | KEYCODE_MEDIA_STEP_BACKWARD | Multimedia Step backward | +| 276 | KEYCODE_SOFT_SLEEP | Soft sleep | +| 277 | KEYCODE_CUT | Cut | +| 278 | KEYCODE_COPY | Copy | +| 279 | KEYCODE_PASTE | Paste | +| 280 | KEYCODE_SYSTEM_NAVIGATION_UP | System navigation Up | +| 281 | KEYCODE_SYSTEM_NAVIGATION_DOWN | System navigation Down | +| 282 | KEYCODE_SYSTEM_NAVIGATION_LEFT | System navigation Left | +| 283 | KEYCODE_SYSTEM_NAVIGATION_RIGHT | System navigation Right | +| 1000 | KEYCODE_VK_CANCEL | Cancel key. | +| 1001 | KEYCODE_VK_PRINT | Print key. | +| 1002 | KEYCODE_VK_EXECUTE | Execution key. | +| 1003 | KEYCODE_VK_SEPARATOR | Separator symbol key. | +| 1004 | KEYCODE_VK_AMPERSAND | "&"key | +| 1005 | KEYCODE_VK_QUOTEDBL | "'"key. | +| 1006 | KEYCODE_VK_LESS | "<" key. | +| 1007 | KEYCODE_VK_GREATER | ">" key. | +| 1008 | KEYCODE_VK_BRACELEFT | "{" key. | +| 1009 | KEYCODE_VK_BRACERIGHT | "}" key. | +| 1010 | KEYCODE_PICTUREMODE | Picture mode | +| 1011 | KEYCODE_SOURCE | Information source | +| 1012 | KEYCODE_TVSETUP | TV Setup | +| 1013 | KEYCODE_RECALL | | +| 1014 | KEYCODE_HEADSET_IN | Headphone In | +| 1015 | KEYCODE_HEADSET_OUT | Headphone Out | +| 1016 | KEYCODE_MIC_ON | Mic on | +| 1017 | KEYCODE_ICLOUD | | +| 1018 | KEYCODE_VOIP | VOIP Quick Launch Shortcut | +| 1019 | KEYCODE_RESOLUTION_RATIO | Resolution | +| 1020 | KEYCODE_AUDIO | Audio mode switch (stereo, left/right channel) | +| 1021 | KEYCODE_NPVR | Quasi-video recording | +| 1022 | KEYCODE_PQ | | +| 1023 | KEYCODE_QUIT | Quit | +| 1024 | KEYCODE_SERVICE | Service | +| 1025 | KEYCODE_CHANNEL_ALTERNATE | Channel switching | +| 1026 | KEYCODE_FAST_REVERSE | | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------| +| 1027 | KEYCODE_SD | SD | +| 1028 | KEYCODE_HD | HD | +| 1029 | KEYCODE_SOUND_EFFECT | Sound effect | +| 1030 | KEYCODE_SMART | Smart | +| 1031 | KEYCODE_REFRESH | Refresh button, real-time web page refresh | +| 1032 | KEYCODE_VK_COLON | " ":"key. | +| 1033 | KEYCODE_VK_CIRCUMFLEX | "^"key. | +| 1034 | KEYCODE_VK_DOLLAR | "\$"key. | +| 1035 | KEYCODE_VK_EURO_SIGN | Euro symbol key. | +| 1036 | KEYCODE_VK_EXCLAMATION_MARK | "!" key. | +| 1037 | KEYCODE_VK_INVERTED_EXCLAMATION_MARK | Inverted "!"key. | +| 1038 | KEYCODE_VK_UNDERSCORE | "_"key. | +| 1039 | KEYCODE_RCK_SELECT | Select key. | +| 1040 | KEYCODE_RCK_FAVORITE | "Favorite"key. | +| 1041 | KEYCODE_RCK_LANGUAGE | Language selection key. | +| 1042 | KEYCODE_RCK_SOFT_KEYBOARD | Soft keyboard. | +| 1043 | KEYCODE_RCK_RESUME | Resume key. | +| 1044 | KEYCODE_RCK_REVIEW | Review key. | +| 1045 | KEYCODE_RCK_REWIND | Rewind key. | +| 1046 | KEYCODE_RCK_GOTO | Goto key. | +| 1047 | KEYCODE_RCK_TITLE | "Title" key. | +| 1048 | KEYCODE_RCK_POSITION | Position key. | +| 1049 | KEYCODE_RCK_ANGLE | "Angle" select key. | +| 1050 | KEYCODE_RCK_SLOW | Slow key. | +| 1051 | KEYCODE_RCK_PROGRAM_PARADE | Program parade key. | +| 1052 | KEYCODE_RCK_RECOMMEND | Recommend key. | +| 1053 | KEYCODE_RCK_DESCRIPTION | "Description" key. | +| 1054 | KEYCODE_RCK_HISTORY_FORWORD | History forword key. | +| 1055 | KEYCODE_RCK_HISTORY_BACKWORD | History backward key. | +| 1056 | KEYCODE_RCK_RADIO | Radio key. | +| 1057 | KEYCODE_RCK_VOD | Video on Demand | +| 1058 | KEYCODE_RCK_NVOD | Near Video On Demand | +| 1059 | KEYCODE_RCK_MOVIE | Movie key. | +| 1060 | KEYCODE_RCK_ALBUM | Album key. | +| 1061 | KEYCODE_RCK_WEB | WEB key. | +| 1062 | KEYCODE_RCK_STOCK | Stock key. | +| 1063 | KEYCODE_RCK_MESSAGING | Messaging key. | + +**Table D.2 – Key-value mapping table of button message code** + +| Key-value | Message name | Message description | +|-----------|------------------------|---------------------| +| 1064 | KEYCODE_RCK_READER | Reader key. | +| 1065 | KEYCODE_RCK_GAME | Game key. | +| 1066 | KEYCODE_RCK_MOSAIC | Mosaic key. | +| 1067 | KEYCODE_RCK_LIST | List key. | +| 1068 | KEYCODE_RCK_REFRESH | Refresh key. | +| 1069 | KEYCODE_RCK_BUSINESS | Business key. | +| 1070 | KEYCODE_RCK_BUY | Buy key. | +| 1071 | KEYCODE_RCK_FORETELL | Foretell key. | +| 1072 | KEYCODE_RCK_STATUS | Status key. | +| 1073 | KEYCODE_RCK_SECURITIES | Securities key. | +| 1074 | KEYCODE_RCK_CLASS | Class key. | +| 1075 | KEYCODE_RCK_DISPLAY | "Display" key. | + +## **D.2.2 Interface org.ngb.interact.NgbKeyListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.interact.NgbKeyListener + +Description: Key event listener. + +### **D.2.2.1 Method** + +#### **D.2.2.1.1 notifyKeyEvent** + +Prototype: public boolean notifyKeyEvent(org.ngb.interact.KeyEvent event) + +Description: Key event notification. + +Parameter: An event – An org.ngb.interact. KeyEvent event object indicating a key event. + +Return: Boolean type, a key event processing result, true indicating the processing is successful, false indicating unprocessed or processing failed. + +## **D.2.3 Interface org.ngb.interact.NgbMouseListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.interact.NgbMouseListener + +Description: Mouse event listener. + +### **D.2.3.1 Method** + +#### **D.2.3.1.1 notifyMouseEvent** + +Prototype: public boolean notifyMouseEvent(org.ngb.interact.MouseEvent event) + +Description: Mouse event notification. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.interact.MouseEvent event object, which identifies a mouse event. + +Return: Boolean type, indicating the mouse event processing result, true indicating the processing is successful, false indicating unprocessed or the processing failed. + +## **D.2.4 Interface org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceListener + +Description: ngb voice event listener. + +#### **D.2.4.1 Constant field – voice error code** + +##### **D.2.4.1.1 ERROR\_NETWORK\_TIMEOUT** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_NETWORK\_TIMEOUT = 1 + +Description: Error code-network timeout. + +##### **D.2.4.1.2 ERROR\_NETWORK** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_NETWORK = 2 + +Description: Error code-other network related errors. + +##### **D.2.4.1.3 ERROR\_AUDIO** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_AUDIO = 3 + +Description: Error code-audio recording error. + +##### **D.2.4.1.4 ERROR\_SERVER** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_SERVER = 4 + +Description: Error code-the server returns an error status. + +##### **D.2.4.1.5 ERROR\_CLIENT** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_CLIENT = 5 + +Description: Error code-An error occurred on the terminal side. + +##### **D.2.4.1.6 ERROR\_SPEECH\_TIMEOUT** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_SPEECH\_TIMEOUT = 6 + +Description: Error code-no voice input. + +##### **D.2.4.1.7 ERROR\_NO\_MATCH** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_NO\_MATCH = 7 + +Description: Error code-no matching voice recognition result was found. + +##### **D.2.4.1.8 ERROR\_RECOGNIZER\_BUSY** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_RECOGNIZER\_BUSY = 8 + +Description: Error code-The voice recognition service is busy. + +##### **D.2.4.1.9 ERROR\_INSUFFICIENT\_PERMISSIONS** + +Prototype: public static final int ERROR\_INSUFFICIENT\_PERMISSIONS = 9 + +Description: Error code-insufficient permissions. + +#### **D.2.4.2 Method** + +##### **D.2.4.2.1 onVoiceStart** + +Prototype: public void onVoiceStart() + +Description: Voice input starts. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.4.2.2 onVoiceEnd** + +Prototype: public void onVoiceStart() + +Description: End of voice input. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.4.2.3 onVoiceResult** + +Prototype: public void onVoiceResult(java.lang.String msg) + +Description: The result of voice recognition. + +Parameter: String type, indicating the result of this voice recognition, the result format is json type, including the specific original voice and semantic instruction. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.4.2.4 onError** + +Prototype: public void onError(int code) + +Description: Errors in the voice process. + +Parameter: Integer, the value of the error code in the voice process, see the constant field definition of "Voice Error Code" for details. + +Return: None. + +### **D.2.5 Class org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel + +Description: Front panel information display output control, including LED indicator and LED digital tube display control. + +#### **D.2.5.1 Constant field – alignment** + +##### **D.2.5.1.1 ALIGN\_CENTER** + +Prototype: public static final int ALIGN\_CENTER = 0 + +Description: Character alignment on the front panel-horizontally centered. + +##### **D.2.5.1.2 ALIGN\_LEFT** + +Prototype: public static final int ALIGN\_LEFT = 1 + +Description: Character alignment on the front panel-horizontally to the left. + +##### **D.2.5.1.3 ALIGN\_RIGHT** + +Prototype: public static final int ALIGN\_RIGHT = 2 + +Description: Character alignment on the front panel-horizontally to the right. + +#### **D.2.5.2 Constant field – indication status** + +##### **D.2.5.2.1 STATUS\_OFF** + +Prototype: public static final int STATUS\_OFF = 0 + +Description: Indicating status-off. + +##### **D.2.5.2.2 STATUS\_ON** + +Prototype: public static final int STATUS\_ON = 1 + +Description: Indicating status-on. + +#### **D.2.5.2.3 STATUS\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int STATUS\_UNKNOWN = 2 + +Description: Indicating status-unknown. + +#### **D.2.5.3 Constant field – indication type** + +##### **D.2.5.3.1 TYPE\_MAIL** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_MAIL = 0 + +Description: Indication type-mail. + +##### **D.2.5.3.2 TYPE\_SIGNAL** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_SIGNAL = 1 + +Description: Indication type-signal. + +##### **D.2.5.3.3 TYPE\_POWER** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_POWER = 2 + +Description: Indication type-power. + +##### **D.2.5.3.4 TYPE\_RADIO** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_RADIO = 3 + +Description: Indication type-broadcast. + +#### **D.2.5.4 Method** + +##### **D.2.5.4.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the front panel class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel object, indicating the front panel class singleton implemented by the system. + +##### **D.2.5.4.2 clear** + +Prototype: public boolean clear() + +Description: Clear the information displayed on the front panel, including the string information displayed on the front panel, time and date information, etc. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the result of the clear, true value indicating that the clear is successful, and false value indicating that the clear fails. + +##### **D.2.5.4.3 displayDate** + +Prototype: public boolean displayDate(java.util.Date date) + +Description: Display the current time and date information. + +Parameter: date – java.util.Date type, indicating the date and time. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the display result, true value indicating that the display is successful, and false value indicating that the display fails. If the terminal does not support time and date display, it can do not respond to the call of this method and returns false. + +#### **D.2.5.4.4 displayText** + +Prototype: public boolean displayText(java.lang.String str) + +Description: The display string is displayed in horizontal center alignment by default. + +Parameter: str – A java.lang.String object, indicating the string to be displayed. + +Return: Boolean type, true value indicating the display is successful, and false indicating the display fails. + +#### **D.2.5.4.5 displayText** + +Prototype: public boolean displayText(java.lang.String str, int align) + +Description: Display the string with the specified alignment. + +Parameter: str – A java.lang.String object, indicating the string to be displayed; + +align – Int type, indicating the horizontal alignment. For the value, see the "alignment" constant field definition of the org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel class. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the display is successful, and false indicating the display fails. + +#### **D.2.5.4.6 getStatus** + +Prototype: public int getStatus(int type) + +Description: Getting the indication status according to the specified type. + +Parameter: type – Int type, indicating the indication type. For the value, see the "indication type" constant field definition of the org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel class. + +Return: Int type, indicating the indication status. + +- If the type parameter specifies a valid indication type, its actual status is returned (that is, the value STATUS\_ON or STATUS\_OFF); +- If the type parameter specifies an invalid indication type, STATUS\_UNKNOWN is returned. + +#### **D.2.5.4.7 setStatus** + +Prototype: public boolean setStatus(int type, int value) + +Description: Setting the indication status. + +Parameter: type-int type, indicating the indication type, for the value, please refer to the "indication type" constant field definition of the org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel class; + +value – Int type, indicating the indication status. For the value, please refer to the "indication status" constant field definition of the org.ngb.interact.FrontPanel class. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the setting is successful, and false value indicating that the setting fails. + +#### **D.2.5.4.8 getMaxChars** + +Prototype: public int getMaxChars() + +Description: Getting the number of display characters supported by the front panel. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the number of display characters supported by the front panel. + +## **D.2.6 Class org.ngb.interact.NgbInputManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.interact.NgbInputManager + +Description: Input/output control manager, is used to listen and receive events such as keystrokes, mouse, and inject control. + +### **D.2.6.1 Method** + +#### **D.2.6.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.interact.NgbInputManager getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the input/output control management class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.interact.NgbInputManager object, indicating the input/output control management singleton implemented by the system. + +#### **D.2.6.1.2 addKeyEventListener** + +Prototype: public void addKeyEventListener(org.ngb.interact.NgbKeyListener listener) + +Description: Register the specified key event listener to the system. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.interact.NgbKeyListener object, the key event listener, used for notification of key events. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.6.1.3 removeKeyEventListener** + +Prototype: public void removeKeyEventListener(org.ngb.interact.NgbKeyListener listener) + +Description: Remove the specified key event listener from the system. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.interact.NgbKeyListener object, the key event listener, used for notification of key events. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.6.1.4 injectKeyEvent** + +Prototype: public boolean injectKeyEvent(org.ngb.interact.KeyEvent event) + +Description: Forcibly injecting a key press event into the system. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.interact.KeyEvent object, key event. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the result of injecting key events, true indicating the injection is successful, false indicating the injection is failed. + +#### **D.2.6.1.5 addMouseListener** + +Prototype: public void addMouseListener(org.ngb.interact.NgbMouseListener listener) + +Description: Register the specified mouse event listener into the system. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.interact.NgbMouseListener object, mouse event listener, used for notification of mouse events. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.6.1.6 removeMouseEventListener** + +Prototype: public void removeMouseEventListener(org.ngb.interact.NgbMouseListener listener) + +Description: Remove the specified mouse event listener from the system. + +Parameter: listener-org.ngb.interact.NgbMouseListener object, mouse event listener, used for notification of mouse events. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.6.1.7 injectMouseEvent** + +Prototype: public boolean injectMouseEvent(org.ngb.interact.MouseEvent event) + +Description: Forcibly injecting a mouse event into the system. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.interact.MouseEvent object, mouse event. + +Return: Boolean type, injection mouse event result, true indicating the injection is successful, false indicating the injection is failed. + +### **D.2.7 Class org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceManager + +Description: Voice-related control manager, used for control and realization of related functions such as voice recognition and voice broadcast. + +#### **D.2.7.1 Method** + +##### **D.2.7.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceManager getInstance(org.tvos.content.Context context, org.tvos.content.ComponentName cn) + +Description: Getting the only instance object of the voice-related control manager, which is used to control and implement related functions such as voice recognition and voice broadcast. + +Parameter: context – An org.tvos.content.Context object, indicating the context of the current voice; cn – An org.tvos.content.ComponentName object, indicating the voice service engine component to be used. + +Return: An org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceManager object, indicating a singleton of the voice-related control manager class. + +##### **D.2.7.1.2 startListening** + +Prototype: public void startListening(org.tvos.content.Intent intent) + +Description: Start voice listening. + +Parameter: intent – Intent object, related parameters of voice recognition. + +Return: None. + +##### **D.2.7.1.3 stopListening** + +Prototype: public void stopListening() + +Description: Stop voice listening. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.7.1.4 cancel** + +Prototype: public void cancel() + +Description: Cancel this voice recognition. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.7.1.5 setVoiceListener** + +Prototype: public void setVoiceListener(org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceListener listener) + +Description: Setting up a voice listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.interact.NgbVoiceListener object, the voice listener. + +Return: None. + +#### **D.2.7.1.6 release** + +Prototype: public void release() + +Description: Release the voice manager and its occupied resources. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### **D.2.8 Event org.ngb.interact.NgbInputEvent** + +Prototype: public abstract class org.ngb.interact.NgbInputEvent + +Description: Extended input event class, is the base class of input events such as keystrokes and mouses, and includes interfaces such as input event generation events and generation source types. + +#### **D.2.8.1 Method** + +##### **D.2.8.1.1 getEventTime** + +Prototype: public abstract long getEventTime() + +Description: Getting the time value of the input event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: long type, indicating the time value generated by the input event. Based on the start-up time of the set-top box, it returns a value of milliseconds counted from the start-up time of the set-top box. + +##### **D.2.8.1.2 getSource** + +Prototype: public abstract int getSource() + +Description: Getting the generation source of the input event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the source of the input event. The possible values are INPUT\_UNKNOWN, INPUT\_FRONTPANEL, INPUT\_KEYBOARD, INPUT\_MOUSE, INPUT\_REMOTECTRL, INPUT\_USER. For details, please refer to the "User Input Message Source" constant field definition of the UserInput interface. + +### **D.2.9 Event org.ngb.interact.KeyEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.interact.KeyEvent extends org.ngb.interact.NgbInputEvent + +Description: Key event class, inherits the org.ngb.interact.NgbInputEvent class. + +### **D.2.9.1 Method** + +#### **D.2.9.1.1 getAction** + +Prototype: public int getAction() + +Description: Getting the status of the key event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the state of the key event, which can be KEY\_TYPED, KEY\_PRESSED, or KEY\_RELEASED. For details, see the the constant field definition of "Keyboard Key Status" of the org.ngb.interact.UserInput interface. + +#### **D.2.9.1.2 getCode** + +Prototype: public int getCode() + +Description: Getting the key value code of the key event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the key value code of the key event. For the value, see the key message code constant field definition of the org.ngb.interact.UserInput interface. + +### **D.2.10 Event org.ngb.interact.MouseEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.interact.MouseEvent extends org.ngb.interact.NgbInputEvent + +Description: Mouse event class, inherits the org.ngb.interact.NgbInputEvent class. + +#### **D.2.10.1 Method** + +##### **D.2.10.1.1 getAction** + +Prototype: public int getAction() + +Description: Getting the status of the mouse event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the state of the mouse event. The value can be MOUSE\_PRESSED, MOUSE\_RELEASED or MOUSE\_MOVED. For details, see the constant field definition of "Mouse Button Status" of the UserInput interface. + +##### **D.2.10.1.2 getCode** + +Prototype: public int getCode() + +Description: Getting the key value code of the mouse event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the key value code of the mouse event. For the value, see the constant field definition of the "mouse key message code" of the org.ngb.interact.UserInput interface. + +##### **D.2.10.1.3 getButton** + +Prototype: public int getButton() + +Description: When the mouse is pressed or released, the mouse button that sent the message is obtained. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the mouse button that sent the message. + +- When the message subtype is MOUSE\_RELEASED or MOUSE\_PRESSED, the corresponding mouse button code (MOUSE\_LBUTTON/MOUSE\_RBUTTON/MOUSE\_MBUTTON) will be returned; +- When the message subtype is MOUSE\_MOVED, the MOUSE\_NOBUTTON will be returned. + +#### **D.2.10.1.4 getX** + +Prototype: public int getX() + +Description: Getting the position of the mouse focus on the X axis. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the position of the mouse focus on the X axis, in pixel. + +#### **D.2.10.1.5 getY** + +Prototype: public int getY() + +Description: Getting the position of the mouse focus on the Y axis. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the position of the mouse focus on the Y axis, in pixel. + +## Annex E + +### JAVA-AV setting unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### E.1 Overview + +This annex defines the JAVA interface related to AV settings. + +#### E.2 AV setting module + +The AV setting module provides classes and methods related to the setting of audio and video output parameters. + +The summary of the AV setting module is shown in Table E.1. + +**Table E.1 – Summary of AV setting module** + +| | | +|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| Class | | +| AudioSetting | Various parameter settings of the audio input/output unit. | +| VideoSetting | Various parameter settings of the video input/output unit. | + +##### E.2.1 Class org.ngb.util.setting.AudioSetting + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.util.setting.AudioSetting + +Description: Various parameter settings of the audio input/output unit. The system should verify the permissions of the application program, and only privileged applications can call the methods provided by this class. + +- Audio output parameter settings include volume, etc. +- The audio input parameter settings are reserved for future expansion. + +Notes on the output volume setting: + +- The actual volume of a broadcast program = global volume + the increase in value of the broadcast program relative to the global volume. + +###### E.2.1.1 Constant field – channel type + +###### E.2.1.1.1 CHANNEL\_STEREO + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNEL\_STEREO = 0 + +Description: Channel type – Stereo. + +###### E.2.1.1.2 CHANNEL\_LEFT + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNEL\_LEFT = 1 + +Description: Channel type – Left channel. + +###### E.2.1.1.3 CHANNEL\_RIGHT + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNEL\_RIGHT = 2 + +Description: Channel type – Right channel. + +###### E.2.1.1.4 CHANNEL\_MIXED\_MONO + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNEL\_MIXED\_MONO = 3 + +Description: Channel type – Mixed sound. + +### **E.2.1.2 Method** + +#### **E.2.1.2.1 getOutputInterfaceList** + +Prototype: public static java.lang.String[] getOutputInterfaceList() + +Description: Getting a list of all available audio output ports of the receiving terminal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of java.lang.String objects, indicating the names of all available audio output ports of the receiving terminal, such as "RCA", "S/PDIF", "HDMI", etc. If there is no audio output port, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **E.2.1.2.2 getOutputInterfaceStatus** + +Prototype: public static boolean getOutputInterfaceStatus(java.lang.String port) + +Description: Getting the enabling status of the audio output port. + +Parameter: port – A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the audio output port. + +NOTE – The audio output port name is obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the enabling status of the audio output port, true value indicating that the audio output port is allowed to output, and false value indicating that the audio output port is forbidden to output. + +#### **E.2.1.2.3 disableOutputInterface** + +Prototype: public static boolean disableOutputInterface(java.lang.String port) + +Description: Disable output of the audio output port. + +Parameter: port – A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the audio output interface. + +NOTE – The audio output port name is obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: Boolean type, true value indicating success, false indicating failure. + +#### **E.2.1.2.4 enableOutputInterface** + +Prototype: public static boolean enableOutputInterface(java.lang.String port) + +Description: Allow output of the audio output port. + +Parameter: port – A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the audio output port. + +NOTE – The audio output port name is obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: Boolean type, true value indicating success, false indicating failure. + +#### **E.2.1.2.5 getOutputVolume** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputVolume() + +Description: Getting the global audio output volume. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the size of the output volume, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating mute, and 100 indicating maximum volume. + +#### **E.2.1.2.6 setOutputVolume** + +Prototype: public static boolean setOutputVolume(int volume) + +Description: Setting the global audio output volume. + +NOTE – The actual output volume of a broadcast program = global output volume + the increase of the broadcast program relative to the global output volume. + +Parameter: volume-int type, indicating the size of the output volume, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating mute, and 100 indicating maximum volume. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the setting result, true value indicating that the setting is successful, and false value indicating that the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.1.2.7 getOutputChannelMode** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputChannelMode() + +Description: Getting the output channel type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the output channel type. For the value, see the constant field definition of the "channel type" of the AudioSetting class. + +#### **E.2.1.2.8 setOutputChannelMode** + +Prototype: public static boolean setOutputChannelMode(int type) + +Description: Setting the output channel. + +Parameter: type – Int type, indicating the channel type to be set. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of the "channel type" of the AudioSetting class. + +Return: boolean type, indicates the setting result, true value indicating that the setting is successful, and false value indicating that the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.1.2.9 getOutputSPDIFMode** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputSPDIFMode() + +Description: Getting the S/PDIF output interface data format (compressed or PCM format). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the data format of the S/PDIF output interface, and the value is: + +- 0-indicating the PCM format; +- 1-indicating the compression format. + +#### **E.2.1.2.10 setOutputSPDIFMode** + +Prototype: public boolean static setOutputSPDIFMode(int mode) + +Description: Setting the S/PDIF output interface data format (compressed or PCM format). + +Parameter: mode – Int type, indicating the data format of the S/PDIF output interface, and the value is: + +- 0-indicating the PCM format, that is, compressed audio is decoded by the receiving terminal; +- 1-indicating the compression format, that is, compressed audio is decoded by an external decoding device. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the setting result, true value indicating that the setting is successful, and false value indicating that the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.1.2.11 isMute** + +Prototype: public static boolean isMute() + +Description: Determine whether the audio output is muted. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating it is in the mute state, and false indicating it is in the sound state. + +#### **E.2.1.2.12 mute** + +Prototype: public static boolean mute() + +Description: Mute. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the setting result, true value indicating that the mute is successful, and false value indicating that the mute fails. + +#### **E.2.1.2.13 unMute** + +Prototype: public static boolean unMute() + +Description: unmute. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the result of the cancellation, true value indicating that the cancellation is successful, and false value indicating that the cancellation fails. + +#### **E.2.1.2.14 getOutputHDMIIFMode** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputHDMIIFMode() + +Description: Getting the HDMI output interface data format. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the data format of the HDMI output interface. + +0-indicating off; + +1-Auto-negotiation; + +2-LPCM, outputting the decoded signal; + +3-RAW, outputting the original signal. + +#### **E.2.1.2.15 setOutputHDMIIMode** + +Prototype: public static boolean setOutputHDMIIMode(int mode) + +Description: Setting the HDMI output interface data format (compressed or PCM format). + +Parameter: mode – int type, indicating HDMI output interface data format, the value is: + +0-indicating off; + +1-Auto-negotiation; + +2-LPCM, outputting the decoded signal; + +3-RAW, outputting the original signal. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the setting result, true value indicating that the setting is successful, and false value indicating that the setting fails. + +### **E.2.2 Class org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting + +Description: Various parameter settings of the video input/output unit. The system should verify the permissions of the application, and only authorized applications can call the methods provided by this class. + +- Video output parameter settings include standard (resolution, field frequency, amplitude-to-type ratio), brightness, contrast, transparency, etc.; +- Video input parameter settings are reserved for future expansion. + +### **E.2.3 Constant field – match method** + +#### **E.2.3.1.1 MATCH\_METHOD\_LETTER\_BOX** + +Prototype: public static final int MATCH\_METHOD\_LETTER\_BOX = 1 + +Description: Video window match method-letter box (letter\_box). + +#### **E.2.3.1.2 MATCH\_METHOD\_PAN\_SCAN** + +Prototype: public static final int MATCH\_METHOD\_PAN\_SCAN = 2 + +Description: Video window match method-pan scan (pan\_scan). + +#### **E.2.3.1.3 MATCH\_METHOD\_COMBINED** + +Prototype: public static final int MATCH\_METHOD\_COMBINED = 3 + +Description: Video window match method-combined method (combined). + +#### **E.2.3.1.4 MATCH\_METHOD\_IGNORE** + +Prototype: public static final int MATCH\_METHOD\_IGNORE = 4 + +Description: Video window match method-ignore method (ignore). + +### **E.2.3.2 Constant field – output channel** + +#### **E.2.3.2.1 VOUT\_SD** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_SD = 1 + +Description: SD output channel. + +#### **E.2.3.2.2 VOUT\_HD** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_HD = 2 + +Description: HD output channel. + +### **E.2.3.3 Constant field – output standard** + +#### **E.2.3.3.1 VOUT\_STANDARD\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_UNKNOWN = 0 + +Description: Video output standard: unknown. + +#### **E.2.3.3.2 VOUT\_STANDARD\_NTSC\_J** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_NTSC\_J = 101 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-NTSC-J/3.5795MHz color subcarrier. + +#### **E.2.3.3.3 VOUT\_STANDARD\_NTSC\_M** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_NTSC\_M = 102 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-NTSC-M/3.5795MHz color subcarrier. + +#### **E.2.3.3.4 VOUT\_STANDARD\_NTSC\_443** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_NTSC\_443 = 103 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-NTSC-443/4.4336MHz color subcarrier. + +#### **E.2.3.3.5 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_B** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_B = 211 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-B (Australia). + +#### **E.2.3.3.6 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_B1** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_B1 = 212 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-B1 (Hungary). + +#### **E.2.3.3.7 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_D** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_D = 213 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-D (Mainland China). + +#### **E.2.3.3.8 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_D1** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_D1 = 214 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-D1 (Poland). + +#### **E.2.3.3.9 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_G** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_G = 215 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-G (Europe). + +#### **E.2.3.3.10 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_H** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_H = 216 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-H (Europe). + +#### **E.2.3.3.11 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_I** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_I = 217 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-I (UK, Hong Kong, Macau). + +#### **E.2.3.3.12 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_K** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_K = 218 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-K (Europe). + +#### **E.2.3.3.13 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_M** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_M = 220 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-M (Brazil). + +#### **E.2.3.3.14 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_N** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_N = 221 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-N (Jamaica, Uruguay). + +#### **E.2.3.3.15 VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_NC** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_PAL\_NC = 222 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-PAL-NC (Argentina). + +#### **E.2.3.3.16 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_B** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_B = 311 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-SECAM-B. + +**E.2.3.3.17 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_D** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_D = 312 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-SECAM-D. + +**E.2.3.3.18 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_G** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_G = 313 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-SECAM-G. + +**E.2.3.3.19 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_I** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_I = 314 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-SECAM-I. + +**E.2.3.3.20 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_K** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SECAM\_K = 315 + +Description: Video output standard: SD-SECAM-K. + +**E.2.3.3.21 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080I\_50** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080I\_50 = 27400 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080I/50HZ/1125 lines. + +**E.2.3.3.22 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080I\_59\_94** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080I\_59\_94 = 27401 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080I/59.94HZ/1125 lines. + +**E.2.3.3.23 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080I\_60** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080I\_60 = 27402 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080I/60HZ/1125 lines. + +**E.2.3.3.24 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_23\_98** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_23\_98 = 27410 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/23.98HZ/1125 lines. + +**E.2.3.3.25 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_24** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_24 = 27411 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/24HZ/1125 lines. + +**E.2.3.3.26 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_25** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_25 = 27412 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/25HZ/1125 lines. + +**E.2.3.3.27 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_29\_97** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_29\_97 = 27413 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/29.97HZ/1125 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.28 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_30** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_30 = 27414 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/30HZ/1125 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.29 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_50** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_50 = 27415 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/50HZ/1125 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.30 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_59\_94** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_59\_94 = 27416 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/59.94HZ/1125 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.31 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_60** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE274\_1080P\_60 = 27417 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/60HZ/1125 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.32 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE295\_1080I\_50** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE295\_1080I\_50 = 29500 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE295/1920x1080I/50HZ/1250 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.33 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE295\_1080P\_50** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE295\_1080P\_50 = 29510 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE295/1920x1080P/50HZ/1250 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.34 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_23\_98** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_23\_98 = 29610 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/23.98HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.35 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_24** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_24 = 29611 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/24HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.36 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_25** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_25 = 29612 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/25HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.37 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_29\_97** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_29\_97 = 29613 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/29.97HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.38 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_30** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_30 = 29614 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/30HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.39 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_50** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_50 = 29615 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/50HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.40 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_59\_94** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_59\_94 = 29616 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/59.94HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.41 VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_60** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_SMPTE296\_720P\_60 = 29617 + +Description: Video output standard: HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/60HZ/750 lines. + +#### **E.2.3.3.42 VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_24** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_24 = 29618 + +Description: Video output standard: 4K HD/3840x2160P/24. + +#### **E.2.3.3.43 VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_25** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_25 = 29619 + +Description: Video output standard: 4K HD/3840x2160P/25. + +#### **E.2.3.3.44 VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_30** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_30 = 29620 + +Description: Video output standard: 4K HD/3840x2160P/30. + +#### **E.2.3.3.45 VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_50** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_24 = 29621 + +Description: Video output standard: 4K HD/3840x2160P/50. + +#### **E.2.3.3.46 VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_60** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_2160P\_60 = 29622 + +Description: Video output standard: 4K HD/3840x2160P/60. + +#### **E.2.3.3.47 VOUT\_STANDARD\_4096P\_24** + +Prototype: public static final int VOUT\_STANDARD\_4096P\_24 = 29623 + +Description: Video output standard: 4K HD/3840x2160P/24. + +### **E.2.3.4 Method** + +#### **E.2.3.4.1 getOutputInterfaceList** + +Prototype: public static java.lang.String[] getOutputInterfaceList() + +Description: Getting a list of all available video output ports of a receiving terminal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object array, indicating the name of all available video output interfaces of the receiving terminal, such as "CVBS", "YUV", "HDMI-0", "HDMI-1", "DVO", etc. If there is no video output port, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **E.2.3.4.2 getOutputInterfaceStatus** + +Prototype: public static boolean getOutputInterfaceStatus(java.lang.String port) + +Description: Getting the enabling status of the video output port. + +Parameter: port – A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the video output port. + +NOTE – The name of the video output port is obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the enabling status of the video output port, true value indicating that the video output interface is allowed to output, and false value indicating that the video output interface is forbidden to output. + +#### **E.2.3.4.3 disableOutputInterface** + +Prototype: public static boolean disableOutputInterface(java.lang.String port) + +Description: Disable video output port output. + +Parameter: port – A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the video output port. + +NOTE – The name of the video output port is obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the prohibition is successful, and false value indicating that the prohibition fails. + +#### **E.2.3.4.4 enableOutputInterface** + +Prototype: public static void enableOutputInterface(java.lang.String port) + +Description: Enable video output port to output. + +Parameter: port – A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the video output port. + +NOTE – The name of the video output port is obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that success is allowed, and false value indicating that failure is allowed. + +#### **E.2.3.4.5 getOutputMatchMethod** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputMatchMethod() + +Description: Getting a match method of the video and the display window. The specific effect needs to be determined according to the aspect ratio of the program being played, the match method, and whether the display device has an adaptive function. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the match method of the video output port. For the value, see the constant field definition of the "match method" of the VideoSetting class. + +#### **E.2.3.4.6 getOutputBrightness** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputBrightness() + +Description: Getting the brightness of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the brightness of the video output. The value ranges from small to large, from 0 to 100, with 0 indicating the darkest and 100 indicating the brightest. + +#### **E.2.3.4.7 getOutputContrast** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputContrast() + +Description: Getting the contrast of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the contrast of the video output, the value range being 0-100 from small to large. + +#### **E.2.3.4.8 getOutputSaturation** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputSaturation() + +Description: Getting a saturation (chroma) of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the saturation (chroma) of the video output, the value range being from 0 to 100, from small to large. + +#### **E.2.3.4.9 getOutputStandard** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputStandard(int device) + +Description: Getting a video output standard. + +Parameter: device – Int type, indicating a video output unit, which can be VOUT\_SD or VOUT\_HD. For details, refer to the constant field definition of "output channel" of VideoSetting class. + +Return: Int type, indicating the video output standard. For the value, see the constant field definition of "output format" of VideoSetting class. + +#### **E.2.3.4.10 getOutputStandards** + +Prototype: public static int[] getOutputStandards(int device) + +Description: Getting all supported standards of video output. + +Parameter: device – Int type, indicating a video output unit, the value of which can be VOUT\_SD or VOUT\_HD. For details, refer to the constant field definition of "output channel" of VideoSetting class. + +Return: int type array, indicating all supported standards of video output. For the values, please refer to the constant field definition of "output standard" of org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting class. + +#### **E.2.3.4.11 getOutputTransparency** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputTransparency() + +Description: Getting a transparency of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, indicating transparency, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating completely opaque, and 100 indicating completely transparent. + +#### **E.2.3.4.12 setOutputMatchMethod** + +Prototype: public static void setOutputMatchMethod(int matchMethod) + +Description: Setting the adaptation method of the screen. The specific effect needs to be determined according to the aspect ratio of the program being played, the screen adaptation mode set by the user, and whether the display device has an adaptive function. + +Parameter: matchMethod – int type, a match method of the video and the display window. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "match method" of org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting class. + +Return: None. + +#### **E.2.3.4.13 setOutputBrightness** + +Prototype: public static void setOutputBrightness(int value) + +Description: Setting a brightness of video output. This setting cannot be applied to a single video output unit and is effective for all video output units at the same time. + +Parameter: value – Int type, indicating the brightness of the video output, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating the darkest, and 100 indicating the brightest. + +Return: None. + +#### **E.2.3.4.14 setOutputContrast** + +Prototype: public static void setOutContrast(int value) + +Description: Contrast of the video output. This setting cannot be applied to a single video output unit and is effective for all video output units at the same time. + +Parameter: value – Int type, indicating the contrast of the video output, and the value range being 0-100. + +Return: None. + +#### **E.2.3.4.15 setOutputSaturation** + +Prototype: public static void setOutputSaturation(int value) + +Description: Setting the saturation (chroma) of the video output. This setting cannot be applied to a single video output unit and is effective for all video output units at the same time. + +Parameter: value – Int type, indicating a saturation (chroma), and the value range being 0-100. + +Return: None. + +#### **E.2.3.4.16 setOutputStandard** + +Prototype: public static int setOutputStandard(int device, int standard) + +throws UnsupportedOperationException + +Description: Setting the video output standard. The SD output unit and HD output unit need to be set separately. + +Parameter: device – Int type, indicating video output unit, and the value being VOUT\_SD or VOUT\_HD. For details, please refer to constant field definition of "ouput channel" of org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting class; + +standard – Int type, indicating a video output standard. A SD output unit can only select the SD standard, and An HD output unit can only select the HD standard. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "output standard" of org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting class. + +Return: Int type, indicating a video output standard before setting. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "output standard" of org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting class. + +Exception: UnsupportedOperationException – If this operation is not supported, this exception is thrown. + +#### **E.2.3.4.17 setOutputTransparency** + +Prototype: public static void setOutputTransparency(int value) + +Description: Setting the transparency of the video output. This method cannot be set for a single video output unit and is effective for all video output units. + +Parameter: value – Int type, indicating transparency, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating completely opaque, and 100 indicating completely transparent. + +Return: None. + +#### **E.2.3.4.18 getOutputAspectRatio** + +Prototype: public static int getOutputAspectRatio(int device) + +Description: Getting an aspect ratio of video output. + +Parameter: device – Int type, indicating a video output unit, the value is VOUT\_SD or VOUT\_HD, see the constant field definition of "output channel" of org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting class for details; + +Return: int type, 0 indicating 16:9; 1 indicating 4:3. + +#### **E.2.3.4.19 setOutputAspectRatio** + +Prototype: public static boolean setOutputAspectRatio(int device, int mode) + +Description: Setting the aspect ratio of the video output. + +Parameter: device – Int type, indicating the video output unit, the value is VOUT\_SD or VOUT\_HD, see the constant field definition of "output channel" of org.ngb.util.setting.VideoSetting class for details; + +mode – int type, 0 indicating 16:9; 1 indicating 4:3. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the execution result of the video output aspect ratio setting, true value indicating that the execution is successful, and false value indicating failure. + +#### **E.2.3.4.20 GetColorSpaceMode** + +Prototype: public static int GetColorSpaceMode() + +Description: Getting a color space mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0-RGB444, 1-YCBCR422, 2-YCBCR444, 3-YCBCR420. + +#### **E.2.3.4.21 GetDeepColorMode** + +Prototype: public static int GetDeepColorMode() + +Description: Getting a color depth mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0-COLOR\_24BIT, 1-COLOR\_30BIT, 2-COLOR\_36BIT, 3-COLOR\_DEEP\_OFF. + +#### **E.2.3.4.22 SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor** + +Prototype: public static boolean SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor(int colorSpace, int deepColor) + +Description: Setting the color space and color depth mode. + +Parameter: colorSpace – int type, 0-RGB444, 1-YCBCR422, 2-YCBCR444, 3-YCBCR420 + +deepColor – int type, 0-COLOR\_24BIT, 1-COLOR\_30BIT, 2-COLOR\_36BIT, 3-COLOR\_DEEP\_OFF + +Return: boolean type, true indicating the execution is successful, and false value indicating failure. + +#### **E.2.3.4.23 GetHDRType** + +Prototype: public static int GetHDRType() + +Description: Getting HDR mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0-HDRTYPE\_SDR, 1-HDRTYPE\_DOLBY, 2-HDRTYPE\_HDR10, 3-C HDRTYPE\_AUTO. + +#### **E.2.3.4.24 SetHDRType** + +Prototype: public static boolean SetHDRType(int type) + +Description: Setting HDR mode. + +Parameter: type – int type, 0-HDRTYPE\_SDR, 1-HDRTYPE\_DOLBY, 2-HDRTYPE\_HDR10, 3-C HDRTYPE\_AUTO + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, and false indicating the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.3.4.25 GetStereoOutMode** + +Prototype: public static int GetStereoOutMode() + +Description: Getting 3D output mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0-3D\_NONE, 1-3D\_FRAME\_PACKING, 2-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_HALF, 3-3D\_TOP\_AND\_BOTTOM, 4-3D\_FIELD\_ALTERNATIVE, 5-3D\_LINE\_ALTERNATIVE, 6-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_FULL, 7-3D\_L\_DEPTH, 8-3D\_L\_DEPTH\_GRAPHICS\_GRAPHICS\_DEPTH. + +#### **E.2.3.4.26 SetStereoOutMode** + +Prototype: public static boolean SetStereoOutMode(int mode,int fps) + +Description: Setting 3D output mode. + +Parameter: mode – int type, 0-3D\_NONE, 1-3D\_FRAME\_PACKING, 2-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_HALF, 3-3D\_TOP\_AND\_BOTTOM, 4-3D\_FIELD\_ALTERNATIVE, 5-3D\_LINE\_ALTERNATIVE, 6-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_FULL, 7-3D\_L\_DEPTH, 8-3D\_L\_DEPTH\_GRAPHICS\_GRAPHICS\_DEPTH; + +fps – int type, video frame rate, 23, 24, 25, 30, 50, 59, 60; + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false indicating the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.3.4.27 GetRightEyeFirst** + +Prototype: public static int GetRightEyeFirst() + +Description: Getting which eye of the 3D output signal is to come out first. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0-LEFT\_EYE\_FIRST, 1-RIGHT\_EYE\_FIRST. + +#### **E.2.3.4.28 SetRightEyeFirst** + +Prototype: public static boolean SetRightEyeFirst(int Outpriority) + +Description: Setting which eye of the 3D output signal is to come out first. + +Parameter: Outpriority – int type, 0-LEFT\_EYE\_FIRST, 1-RIGHT\_EYE\_FIRST. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false indicating the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.3.4.29 GetStereoDepth** + +Prototype: public static int GetStereoDepth() + +Description: Getting 3D picture depth adjustment information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0-10. + +#### **E.2.3.4.30 SetStereoDepth** + +Prototype: public static boolean SetStereoDepth(int depth) + +Description: Setting 3D picture depth adjustment information. + +Parameter: depth – int type, 0-10. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false indicating the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.3.4.31 getPictureMode** + +Prototype: public static int getPictureMode() + +Description: Getting a picture mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0 standard, 1 dynamic, 2 soft, 4 users, 5 gorgeous, 6 natural, 7 sports. + +#### **E.2.3.4.32 setPictureMode** + +Prototype: public static boolean setPictureMode(int mode) + +Description: Setting a picture mode. + +Parameter: mode – int type, 0 standard, 1 dynamic, 2 soft, 4 users, 5 gorgeous, 6 natural, 7 sports. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the setting is successful, and false value indicating that the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.3.4.33 getDisplayHue** + +Prototype: public static int getDisplayHue() + +Description: Getting the picture mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, the value range being 0-100, indicating the hue adjustment value. + +#### **E.2.3.4.34 setDisplayHue** + +Prototype: public static boolean setDisplayHue(int hue) + +Description: Setting a picture mode. + +Parameter: hue – int type, the value range being 0-100, indicating the hue adjustment value. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false indicating the setting fails. + +#### **E.2.3.4.35 SaveDisplayFmt** + +Prototype: public static boolean SaveDisplayFmt() + +Description: Saving the video output format permanently. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating success, false indicating failure. + +#### **E.2.3.4.36 setOptimalFormatEnable** + +Prototype: public static boolean setOptimalFormatEnable(int enabled) + +Description: Setting an auto-optimized video output format enabling status. + +Parameter: enabled – int type, 0-indicating not enabled; 1-indicating enabled. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating success, false indicating failure. + +#### **E.2.3.4.37 getOptimalFormatEnable** + +Prototype: public static int getOptimalFormatEnable() + +Description: Getting the auto-optimized video output format enabling status. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 0-indicating not enabled; 1-indicating enabled. + +## Annex F + +### JAVA-Media processing unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### F.1 Overview + +This annex defines a JAVA interface related to media playback. + +#### F.2 Media processing module + +The media processing module defines interface classes that provide all media functions and related audio and video information classes. The media processing module is used to support media playback functions including DVB live broadcast, VOD on-demand, IP live broadcast, IP on-demand and local broadcast. + +The most basic classes defined by the media processing module are: + +- Media player class (MediaPlayer); +- Track information class such as audio, video, and subtitles (TrackInfo); +- Audio and video stream information class (MediaFormat). + +The summary of the media processing module is shown in Table F.1. + +**Table F.1 – Summary of media processing module** + +| Classes | | +|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MediaPlayer | Provide interfaces for all media functions. Support includes DVB live broadcast, VOD on demand, IP live broadcast, IP on demand and local broadcast scenes. | +| TrackInfo | Describe track information such as audio, video, and subtitles. | +| MediaFormat | Use HashMap to store information such as audio and video streams. | + +#### F.2.1 Class org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer + +Prototype: public class org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer + +Description: It directly assumes all functions and provides interfaces for all media functions. Support includes DVB live broadcast, VOD on demand, IP live broadcast, IP on demand and local broadcast functions. + +##### F.2.1.1 Constant field – cause of error + +###### F.2.1.1.1 MEDIA\_ERROR\_UNKNOWN + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_ERROR\_UNKNOWN = 1 + +Description: Cause of error – unknown. + +###### F.2.1.1.2 MEDIA\_ERROR\_SERVER\_DIED + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_ERROR\_SERVER\_DIED = 100 + +Description: Cause of error – media server died. + +###### F.2.1.1.3 MEDIA\_ERROR\_NOT\_VALID\_FOR\_PROGRESSIVE\_PLAYBACK + +Prototype: public static final int +MEDIA\_ERROR\_NOT\_VALID\_FOR\_PROGRESSIVE\_PLAYBACK = 200 + +Description: Cause of error – Progressive playback illegal. + +#### **F.2.1.1.4 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_START\_FAILD** + +Prototype:TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_START\_FAILD = 1000 + +Description: Cause of error – Playback failed. + +#### **F.2.1.1.5 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_SETPACE\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_SETPACE\_FAILED = 1001 + +Description: Cause of error – Setting of double speed playback failed. + +#### **F.2.1.1.6 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_SEEK\_FAILD** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_SEEK\_FAILD = 1002 + +Description: Cause of error – SEEK failed. + +#### **F.2.1.1.7 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_PAUSE\_FAILD** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_PAUSE\_FAILD = 1003 + +Description: Cause of error – Pause failed. + +#### **F.2.1.1.8 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_RESUME\_FAILD** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_RESUME\_FAILD = 1004 + +Description: Cause of error – Resume failed. + +#### **F.2.1.1.9 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_STOP\_FAILD** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_STOP\_FAILD = 1005 + +Description: Cause of error – Stop failed. + +Description: Cause of error – URL is valid. + +#### **F.2.1.1.10 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_URL\_INVALID** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_URL\_INVALID = 1006 + +Description: Cause of error – URL is invalid. + +#### **F.2.1.1.11 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_RESOURCE\_UNAVAILABLE** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_RESOURCE\_UNAVAILABLE = 1007 + +Description: Cause of error – Playback resource is unavailable. + +#### **F.2.1.1.12 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_AUDIO\_DECODE\_ERROR** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_AUDIO\_DECODE\_ERROR = 1008 + +Description: Cause of error – Audio decoding failed. + +#### **F.2.1.1.13 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_VIDEO\_DECODE\_ERROR** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_VIDEO\_DECODE\_ERROR = 1009 + +Description: Cause of error – Video decoding failed. + +#### **F.2.1.1.14 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_UNSUPPORT\_VIDEO\_DEC** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_UNSUPPORT\_VIDEO\_DEC = 1010 + +Description: Cause of error – Unsupport video format decoding. + +#### **F.2.1.1.15 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_UNSUPPORT\_AUDIO\_DEC** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_UNSUPPORT\_AUDIO\_DEC = 1011 + +Description: Cause of error – Unsupport video format decoding. + +#### **F.2.1.1.16 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_CONNECT\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_CONNECT\_FAILED = 1012 + +Description: Cause of error – Failed to connect to the server, failed to establish a session or server return timeout. + +#### **F.2.1.1.17 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_VOD\_SEARCH\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_VOD\_SEARCH\_FAILED = 1300 + +Description: Cause of error – Failed to search data during IPQAM playback. + +#### **F.2.1.1.18 TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_VOD\_OUT\_OF\_RANGE** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_ERROR\_VOD\_OUT\_OF\_RANGE = 1023 + +Description: Cause of error – The incoming time is out of the valid range. + +#### **F.2.1.2 Constant field – media information** + +##### **F.2.1.2.1 MEDIA\_INFO\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_UNKNOWN = 1 + +Description: Media information – unknown. + +##### **F.2.1.2.2 MEDIA\_INFO\_STARTED\_AS\_NEXT** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_STARTED\_AS\_NEXT = 2 + +Description: Media information – The next one starts to play. + +##### **F.2.1.2.3 MEDIA\_INFO\_RENDERING\_START** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_RENDERING\_START = 3 + +Description: Media information – First frame begins to render. + +##### **F.2.1.2.4 MEDIA\_INFO\_VIDEO\_TRACK\_LAGGING** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_VIDEO\_TRACK\_LAGGING = 700 + +Description: Media information – Video coding is complicated and the decoding performance is insufficient. + +##### **F.2.1.2.5 MEDIA\_INFO\_BUFFERING\_START** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_BUFFERING\_START = 701 + +Description: Media information – Media begins to buffer. + +##### **F.2.1.2.6 MEDIA\_INFO\_BUFFERING\_END** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_BUFFERING\_END = 702 + +Description: Media information – Media buffering ends. + +##### **F.2.1.2.7 MEDIA\_INFO\_NETWORK\_BANDWIDTH** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_NETWORK\_BANDWIDTH = 703 + +Description: Media information – Network bandwidth. + +#### **F.2.1.2.8 MEDIA\_INFO\_BAD\_INTERLEAVING** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_BAD\_INTERLEAVING = 800 + +Description: Media information – Media playback stalls. + +#### **F.2.1.2.9 MEDIA\_INFO\_NOT\_SEEKABLE** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_NOT\_SEEKABLE = 801 + +Description: Media information – Media playback does not support SEEK. + +#### **F.2.1.2.10 MEDIA\_INFO\_METADATA\_UPDATE** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_METADATA\_UPDATE = 802 + +Description: Media information – Media meta information updates. + +#### **F.2.1.2.11 MEDIA\_INFO\_EXTERNAL\_METADATA\_UPDATE** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_EXTERNAL\_METADATA\_UPDATE = 803 + +Description: Media information – External metadata updates. + +#### **F.2.1.2.12 MEDIA\_INFO\_TIMED\_TEXT\_ERROR** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_TIMED\_TEXT\_ERROR = 900 + +Description: Media information – Sync-subtitles error. + +#### **F.2.1.2.13 MEDIA\_INFO\_UNSUPPORTED\_SUBTITLE** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_UNSUPPORTED\_SUBTITLE = 901 + +Description: Media information – Unsupported subtitle. + +#### **F.2.1.2.14 MEDIA\_INFO\_SUBTITLE\_TIMED\_OUT** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_INFO\_SUBTITLE\_TIMED\_OUT = 902 + +Description: Media information – Subtitle timeout. + +#### **F.2.1.2.15 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_START\_SUCCESS** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_START\_SUCCESS = 1000 + +Description: Media information – Playback is successful. + +#### **F.2.1.2.16 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_TUNE\_LOCK\_SUCCES** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_TUNE\_LOCK\_SUCCES = 1001 + +Description: Media information – Tuner frequency lock successfully or signal recovery. + +#### **F.2.1.2.17 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_TUNE\_LOCK\_LOST** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_TUNE\_LOCK\_LOST = 1002 + +Description: Media information – Tuner signal is lost. + +#### **F.2.1.2.18 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_NO\_STREAM** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_NO\_STREAM = 1003 + +Description: Media information – There is no stream information (or sudden stop of the stream). + +#### **F.2.1.2.19 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_STREAM\_RECOVER** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_STREAM\_RECOVER = 1004 + +Description: Media information – Stream recover. + +#### **F.2.1.2.20 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_AUDIO\_DECODE\_SUCCESS** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_AUDIO\_DECODE\_SUCCESS = 1005 + +Description: Media information – Audio decoding is successful. + +#### **F.2.1.2.21 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_VIDEO\_DECODE\_SUCCESS** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_VIDEO\_DECODE\_SUCCESS = 1006 + +Description: Media information – Video decoding is successful. + +#### **F.2.1.2.22 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_PACE\_CHANGE** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_PACE\_CHANGE = 1007 + +Description: Media information – Speed changes. + +#### **F.2.1.2.23 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_DVB\_CA\_READY** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_DVB\_CA\_READY = 1100 + +Description: Media information – DVB CA is ready. + +#### **F.2.1.2.24 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_DVB\_CA\_NOT\_READY** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_DVB\_CA\_NOT\_READY = 1101 + +Description: Media information – DVB CA is not ready. + +#### **F.2.1.2.25 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_VOD\_END\_OF\_STREAM** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_VOD\_END\_OF\_STREAM = 1300 + +Description: Media information – Time-shifted channel or VOD movie is played to the end of the on-demand media stream. + +#### **F.2.1.2.26 TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_VOD\_BEGIN\_OF\_STREAM** + +Prototype: public static final int TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_VOD\_BEGIN\_OF\_STREAM = 1301 + +Description: Media information – Time-shifted channel or VOD movie is played to the beginning of the on-demand media stream. + +### **F.2.1.3 Method** + +#### **F.2.1.3.1 MediaPlayer** + +Prototype: public MediaPlayer() + +Description: Construction method. + +Parameter: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.2 setDataSource** + +Prototype: void setDataSource(java.lang.String path) + +Description: Setting the path of the resource. The path format played by digital television (DTV) contains three ways to match three scenarios, and the constraints are as follows. + +Scenario 1: After the App searches for the program, it is played through the three elements of the program, the format is `dvb://onid.tsid.sid`. For multi-tuner scenes, it is expanded to `dvb://onid.tsid.sid?tunerid=xxx`. + +Scenario 2: App does not need to search for programs, and plays by specifying frequency points and other program information to meet quick start. The format is dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.pmtpid.pcrpid.videotype.videopid.audiotype.audiopid. The frequency is measured in kilohertz, and all parameters are decimal, such as dvbelement://131000.6875.64.3.4.1.2.3.1.2. For multi-tuner scenes, it is expanded to dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.pmtpid.pcrpid.videotype.videopid.audiotype.audiopid?tunerid=xxx. + +Scenario 3: App does not need to search for programs, and plays by specifying frequency points and other program information, to satisfy scrambling and multi-track playback when not searching for programs. The format is dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1. In this scene, the media engine parses pmtpid from the code stream according to serviceid, and parses pcrpid, videotype, videopid, audiotype, and audiopid according to pmtpid. If pmtpid exists and is valid, it does not search for pmtpid, and parses pcrpid, videotype, videopid, audiotype, and audiopid according to pmtpid. The frequency is measured in kilohertz, all numbers are decimal, and the invalid parameter is -1, such as dvbelement://131000.6875.64.3.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1 or dvbelement://131000.6875.64.3.4.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1. For multi-tuner scenes, it is expanded to dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1?tunerid=xxx. + +Parameter: path – A java.lang.String object, indicating the resource path. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.3 prepareAsync** + +Prototype: void prepareAsync() + +Description: Prepare the player, asynchronously. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.4 prepare** + +Prototype: void prepare() + +Description: Prepare the player for playback, synchronously. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.5 start** + +Prototype: void start() + +Description: Start or resume playing. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.6 pause** + +Prototype: void pause() + +Description: Pause playing. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.7 getDuration** + +Prototype: int getDuration() + +Description: Getting a duration of a file. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the duration of the file. + +#### **F.2.1.3.8 getCurrentPosition** + +Prototype: int getCurrentPosition() + +Description: Getting a current playing time. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the current playing position. + +#### **F.2.1.3.9 setVolume** + +Prototype: void setVolume(float volume) + +Description: Setting a volume of this player. + +Parameter: volume – float type, indicating a numerical value of the volume. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.10 seekTo** + +Prototype: void seekTo(int pos) + +Description: Seek to a specified position. + +Parameter: pos – Int type, indicating the position to which it seeks. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.11 reset** + +Prototype: void reset() + +Description: Reset to the initial state of the player. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.12 release** + +Prototype: void release() + +Description: Release the resources associated with the player. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.13 setOnInfoListener** + +Prototype: void setOnInfoListener(org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnInfoListener listener) + +Description: Register a callback to be called when information/warning is available. + +Parameter: listener – An org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnInfoListener, indicating an information listener. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.14 setOnErrorListener** + +Prototype: void setOnErrorListener(org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener listener) + +Description: Register a callback function to be called when an error occurs during asynchronous operation. + +Parameter: listener – An org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener, indicating an error listener. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.15 setOnCompleteListener** + +Prototype: void setOnCompleteListener(org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompleteListener listener) + +Description: Register a callback function to be called when the playing of the media source is finished. + +Parameter: listener – An org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompleteListener, indicating a playing end listener. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.16 setOnPreparedListener** + +Prototype: void setOnPreparedListener(org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener listener) + +Description: Register the callback function to be called when the media source is ready to play. + +Parameter: listener – An org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener, indicating the listener when the media source is ready to play. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.17 setOnBufferingUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public void setOnBufferingUpdateListener(org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnBufferingUpdateListener listener) + +Description: Register a callback function, which is called when the state of the network stream buffer changes. + +Parameter: listener – An org.tvos.media.MediaPlayer.OnBufferingUpdateListener, indicating a status update listener of the buffer. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.18 setDisplay** + +Prototype: void setDisplay(org.tvos.view.SurfaceHolder sh) + +Description: Setting SurfaceHolder for media video playing. + +Parameter: sh – An org.tvos.view.SurfaceHolder, indicating SurfaceHolder that needs to be set. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.19 setAudioStreamType** + +Prototype: void setAudioStreamType(int streamtype) + +Description: Setting audio stream type. + +Parameter: streamtype – Int type, indicating the audio stream type. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.20 setStopMode** + +Prototype: boolean setStopMode(int mode) + +Description: Setting static frame mode. Set static frame mode: mode is 0 for black screen, and 1 for static frame. The setting mode can be called only once, and the subsequent cutting stations will keep this mode. + +Parameter: mode – Int type, indicating the static frame mode of the player. + +Return: boolean type, indicating whether the setting is successful, returning true if it succeeds, and returning false if it fails. + +#### **F.2.1.3.21 getStopMode** + +Prototype: int getStopMode() + +Description: Getting the static frame mode of the player. Set static frame mode: mode is 0 for black screen, 1 for static frame. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating a stop mode of the player. + +#### **F.2.1.3.22 getStartTime** + +Prototype: long getStartTime() + +Description: Increase the start time of acquiring time-shifted (or watch back) programs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: long type, indicating the start time of the time-shifted (or watch back) program. + +#### **F.2.1.3.23 getPace** + +Prototype: int getPace() + +Description: Getting a speed in fast forward or fast backward. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the speed in fast forward or fast backward. + +#### **F.2.1.3.24 setPace** + +Prototype: void setPace(int pace) + +Description: Setting a speed in fast forward or fast backward. + +Parameter: pace – int type, indicating the speed in fast forward or fast backward. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.25 setClip** + +Prototype: void setClip(org.tvos.graphics.Rect rect) + +Description: Setting a clipping area. + +Parameter: rect – Rect, indicating the clipping area. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.1.3.26 getClip** + +Prototype: org.tvos.graphics.Rect getClip() + +Description: Getting a clipping area. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.tvos.graphics.Rect type, indicating the clipping area. + +#### **F.2.1.3.27 clearVideo** + +Prototype: int clearVideo() + +Description: Stop the stream and clear the screen. Usage scenario introduction: After the head-end stream is stopped, the engine will detect the stop of the stream, and will report the interruption message – TVOS\_MEDIA\_INFO\_NO\_STREAM. After the app receives the message, it needs to adjust the interface to clear the screen into a black screen. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the screen is cleared successfully, and -1 if it fails. + +#### **F.2.1.3.28 setVideoDisplay** + +Prototype: boolean setVideoDisplay(int mode) + +Description: Setting video output. + +Parameter: mode – Int type, indicating whether the video display is off or on, and the value is as follows. + +TVOS\_VIDEO\_DISPLAY\_CLOSE = 0: off; + +TVOS\_VIDEO\_DISPLAY\_OPEN = 1: on. + +Return: boolean type, indicating whether the setting is successful, returning true if it succeeds, and false if it fails. + +#### **F.2.1.3.29 getVideoDisplay** + +Prototype: int getVideoDisplay() + +Description: Getting video output mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating whether the video display is off or on. The value is as follows. + +TVOS\_VIDEO\_DISPLAY\_CLOSE = 0: off; + +TVOS\_VIDEO\_DISPLAY\_OPEN = 1: on. + +### **F.2.2 Class org.tvos.media.TrackInfo** + +Prototype: public class TrackInfo + +Description: Describe track information such as audio, video, and subtitles. + +#### **F.2.2.1 Constant field – media type** + +##### **F.2.2.1.1 MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_UNKNOWN = 0 + +Description: media type – unknown. + +##### **F.2.2.1.2 MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_VIDEO** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_VIDEO = 1 + +Description: media type – video type. + +##### **F.2.2.1.3 MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_AUDIO** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_AUDIO = 2 + +Description: media type – audio type. + +#### **F.2.2.1.4 MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_TIMEDTEXT** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_TIMEDTEXT = 3 + +Description: media type – Timed text type. + +#### **F.2.2.1.5 MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_SUBTITLE** + +Prototype: public static final int MEDIA\_TRACK\_TYPE\_SUBTITLE = 4 + +Description: media type – Subtitle/title type. + +### **F.2.2.2 Method** + +#### **F.2.2.2.1 getTrackInfo** + +Prototype: org.tvos.media.TrackInfo[] getTrackInfo() + +Description: Getting all the operable audio stream information of the program currently being played. + +1 Returning all track information here, including audio/video/subtitles/synchronized subtitles, etc. + +2 Setting the audio track, you need to get the audio track part from the track. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.tvos.media.TrackInfo array, indicating an array of track information. + +#### **F.2.2.2.2 selectTrack** + +Prototype: void selectTrack(int index) + +Description: Choose a track. + +Parameter: index – Int type, indicating the index of the track. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.2.2.3 getSelectedTrack** + +Prototype: int getSelectedTrack(int trackType) + +Description: Getting an index of the audio, video or subtitle track currently selected for playback. + +Parameter: trackType – Int type, indicating the type of track. For details, see the constant field of the TrackInfo class. + +Return: Int type, indicating the index of the audio, video or subtitle track currently selected for playback. + +### **F.2.3 Class org.tvos.media.MediaFormat** + +Prototype: public class MediaFormat + +Description: Use HashMap to store information such as audio and video streams. + +#### **F.2.3.1 Constant field – type description** + +##### **F.2.3.1.1 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_VP8** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_VP8 = "video/x-vnd.on2.vp8" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type VP8. + +##### **F.2.3.1.2 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_VP9** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_VP9 = "video/x-vnd.on2.vp9" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type VP9. + +#### **F.2.3.1.3 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_AVC** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_AVC = "video/avc" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type AVC. + +#### **F.2.3.1.4 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_HEVC** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_HEVC = "video/hevc" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type HEVC. + +#### **F.2.3.1.5 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_MPEG4** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_MPEG4 = "video/mp4v-es" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type MPEG4. + +#### **F.2.3.1.6 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_H263** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_H263 = "video/3gpp" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type H263. + +#### **F.2.3.1.7 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_MPEG2** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_MPEG2 = "video/mpeg2" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type MPEG2. + +#### **F.2.3.1.8 MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_RAW** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_VIDEO\_RAW = "video/raw" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME video type RAW. + +#### **F.2.3.1.9 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AMR\_NB** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AMR\_NB = "audio/3gpp" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type AMR\_NB. + +#### **F.2.3.1.10 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AMR\_WB** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AMR\_WB = "audio/amr-wb" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type AMR\_WB. + +#### **F.2.3.1.11 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_MPEG** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_MPEG = "audio/mpeg" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type MPEG. + +#### **F.2.3.1.12 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AAC** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AAC = "audio/mp4a-latm" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type AAC. + +#### **F.2.3.1.13 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_QCELP** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_QCELP = "audio/qcelp" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type QCELP. + +#### **F.2.3.1.14 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_VORBIS** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_VORBIS = "audio/vorbis" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type VORBIS. + +#### **F.2.3.1.15 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_OPUS** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_OPUS = "audio/opus" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type OPUS. + +#### **F.2.3.1.16 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_G711\_ALAW** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_G711\_ALAW = "audio/g711-alaw" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type G711\_ALAW. + +#### **F.2.3.1.17 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_G711\_MLAW** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_G711\_MLAW = "audio/g711-mlaw" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type G711\_MLAW. + +#### **F.2.3.1.18 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_RAW** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_RAW = "audio/raw" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type. + +#### **F.2.3.1.19 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_FLAC** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_FLAC = "audio/flac" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type FLAC. + +#### **F.2.3.1.20 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_MSGSM** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_MSGSM = "audio/gsm" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type MSGSM. + +#### **F.2.3.1.21 MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AC3** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_AUDIO\_AC3 = "audio/ac3" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME audio type AC3. + +#### **F.2.3.1.22 MIMETYPE\_TEXT\_VTT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_TEXT\_VTT = "text/vtt" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME text type VTT. + +#### **F.2.3.1.23 MIMETYPE\_TEXT\_CEA\_608** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MIMETYPE\_TEXT\_CEA\_608 = "text/cea-608" + +Description: Type description – indicating MIME text type CEA\_608. + +### **F.2.3.2 Constant field – property description** + +#### **F.2.3.2.1 KEY\_MIME** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_MIME = "mime" + +Description: Property description – indicating the type of format. + +#### **F.2.3.2.2 KEY\_LANGUAGE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_LANGUAGE = "language" + +Description: Property description – indicating language of content. + +#### **F.2.3.2.3 KEY\_SAMPLE\_RATE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_SAMPLE\_RATE = "sample-rate" + +Description: Property description – indicating sampling rate of audio format. + +#### **F.2.3.2.4 KEY\_CHANNEL\_COUNT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_CHANNEL\_COUNT = "channel-count" + +Description: Property description – indicating the number of channels in the audio format. + +#### **F.2.3.2.5 KEY\_WIDTH** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_WIDTH = "width" + +Description: Property description – indicating width of the content in the video format. + +#### **F.2.3.2.6 KEY\_HEIGHT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_HEIGHT = "height" + +Description: Property description – indicating the height of the content of the video format. + +#### **F.2.3.2.7 KEY\_MAX\_WIDTH** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_MAX\_WIDTH = "max-width" + +Description: Property description – indicating the maximum expected width of the content in the video decoder format to prevent the resolution of the video content from changing. The associated value is an integer. + +#### **F.2.3.2.8 KEY\_MAX\_HEIGHT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_MAX\_HEIGHT = "max-height" + +Description: Property description – indicating the maximum expected height decode format of the video content, if the video content resolution changes. The associated value is an integer. + +#### **F.2.3.2.9 KEY\_MAX\_INPUT\_SIZE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_MAX\_INPUT\_SIZE = "max-input-size" + +Description: Property description – indicating the maximum size of the mediaformat byte described by the data in a buffer. The associated value is an integer. + +#### **F.2.3.2.10 KEY\_BIT\_RATE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_BIT\_RATE = "bitrate" + +Description: Property description – indicating a bit rate in bits per second. The associated value is an integer. + +#### **F.2.3.2.11 KEY\_STREAM\_PID** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_STREAM\_PID = "stream-pid" + +Description: Property description – indicating PID of audio and video ES. The associated value is shaping. + +#### **F.2.3.2.12 KEY\_COLOR\_FORMAT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_COLOR\_FORMAT = "color-format" + +Description: Property description – indicating color format of the content in the video format. + +#### **F.2.3.2.13 KEY\_CAPTURE\_RATE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_CAPTURE\_RATE = "capture-rate" + +Description: Property description – indicating a capture rate of the video format in frames per second. + +#### **F.2.3.2.14 KEY\_I\_FRAME\_INTERVAL** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_I\_FRAME\_INTERVAL = "i-frame-interval" + +Description: Property description – indicating the frequency of I frames between I frames in a few seconds. + +#### **F.2.3.2.15 KEY\_TEMPORAL\_LAYERING** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_TEMPORAL\_LAYERING = "ts-schema" + +Description: Property description – indicating a temporal hierarchical mode. + +#### **F.2.3.2.16 KEY\_REPEAT\_PREVIOUS\_FRAME\_AFTER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_REPEAT\_PREVIOUS\_FRAME\_AFTER = "repeat-previous-frame-after" + +Description: Property description – indicating that it is only applied when the video encoder is configured in "Surface Input" mode. The associated value is a long type value and gives the time in microseconds. After that, if no new frame is available, the frame previously submitted to the encoder will be repeated (once). + +#### **F.2.3.2.17 KEY\_PUSH\_BLANK\_BUFFERS\_ON\_STOP** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_PUSH\_BLANK\_BUFFERS\_ON\_STOP = "push-blank-buffers-on-shutdown" + +Description: Property description – If specified when configuring the video decoder to a surface, it will make the decoder output "blank", that is, the black frame to the surface when it stops clearing the previously displayed content. The relevant value is an integer with a value of 1. + +#### **F.2.3.2.18 KEY\_DURATION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_DURATION = "durationUs" + +Description: Property description – indicating the duration (microseconds). + +#### **F.2.3.2.19 KEY\_IS\_ADTS** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_IS\_ADTS = "is-adts" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if you are decoding AAC audio content, set this key to 1 to indicate that each audio frame is prefixed with the ADTS header. + +#### **F.2.3.2.20 KEY\_CHANNEL\_MASK** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_CHANNEL\_MASK = "channel-mask" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating mask assigned by the audio channel. + +#### **F.2.3.2.21 KEY\_AAC\_PROFILE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_PROFILE = "aac-profile" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify the required configuration file. + +#### **F.2.3.2.22 KEY\_AAC\_SBR\_MODE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_SBR\_MODE = "aac-sbr-mode" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify the required SBR mode. + +#### **F.2.3.2.23 KEY\_AAC\_MAX\_OUTPUT\_CHANNEL\_COUNT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_MAX\_OUTPUT\_CHANNEL\_COUNT = "aac-max-output-channel\_count" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify the maximum number of channels output by the decoder. + +#### **F.2.3.2.24 KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_TARGET\_REFERENCE\_LEVEL** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_TARGET\_REFERENCE\_LEVEL = "aac-target-ref-level" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify the target reference level. + +#### **F.2.3.2.25 KEY\_AAC\_ENCODED\_TARGET\_LEVEL** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_ENCODED\_TARGET\_LEVEL = "aac-encoded-target-level" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify the target reference level used by the encoder. + +#### **F.2.3.2.26 KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_BOOST\_FACTOR** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_BOOST\_FACTOR = "aac-drc-boost-level" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify a DRC enhancement factor. + +#### **F.2.3.2.27 KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_ATTENUATION\_FACTOR** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_ATTENUATION\_FACTOR = "aac-drc-cut-level" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify a DRC attenuation factor. + +#### **F.2.3.2.28 KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_HEAVY\_COMPRESSION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AAC\_DRC\_HEAVY\_COMPRESSION = "aac-drc-heavy-compression" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is AAC audio, specify whether to use larger compression. + +#### **F.2.3.2.29 KEY\_FLAC\_COMPRESSION\_LEVEL** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_FLAC\_COMPRESSION\_LEVEL = "flac-compression-level" + +Description: Property description – Optional, indicating that if the content is FLAC audio, specify the desired compression level. + +#### **F.2.3.2.30 KEY\_COMPLEXITY** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_COMPLEXITY = "complexity" + +Description: Property description – indicating coding complexity. + +#### **F.2.3.2.31 KEY\_PROFILE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_PROFILE = "profile" + +Description: Property description – indicating a profile that the encoder needs to use. + +#### **F.2.3.2.32 KEY\_BITRATE\_MODE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_BITRATE\_MODE = "bitrate-mode" + +Description: Property description – indicating a bit rate mode required by the encoder application. + +#### **F.2.3.2.33 KEY\_AUDIO\_SESSION\_ID** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_AUDIO\_SESSION\_ID = "audio-session-id" + +Description: Property description – indicating a session ID of the audio. + +#### **F.2.3.2.34 KEY\_IS\_AUTOSELECT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_IS\_AUTOSELECT = "is-autoselect" + +Description: Property description – indicating the independent choice of track, if not specified, the default is TRUE. + +#### **F.2.3.2.35 KEY\_IS\_DEFAULT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_IS\_DEFAULT = "is-default" + +Description: Property description – indicating the independent choice of track, if not specified, the default is false. + +#### **F.2.3.2.36 KEY\_IS\_FORCED\_SUBTITLE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String KEY\_IS\_FORCED\_SUBTITLE = "is-forced-subtitle" + +Description: Property description – indicating a forced field for subtitles. If it is forced subtitles. If not specified, the default is forced to be false. + +### **F.2.3.3 Method** + +#### **F.2.3.3.1 MediaFormat** + +Prototype: public MediaFormat() + +Description: Constructed function. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **F.2.3.3.2 containsKey** + +Prototype: public final boolean containsKey(java.lang.String name) + +Description: Determine whether there is information whose key value is name. + +Parameter: name – A java.lang.String object, indicating key value; + +Return: boolean type, return true if there is information whose key value is name, otherwise it returns false. + +#### **F.2.3.3.3 getInteger** + +Prototype: public final int getInteger(java.lang.String name) + +Description: Getting integer property value whose key value is name. + +Parameter: name – A java.lang.String object, indicating key value; + +Return: Int type, indicating the integer property value whose key value is name. If the key does not exist, or the corresponding property value is not int type, an exception is thrown. + +#### **F.2.3.3.4 getLong** + +Prototype: public final long getLong(java.lang.String name) + +Description: Getting a long integer property value whose key value is name. + +Parameter: name – A java.lang.String object, indicating key value; + +Return: long type, indicating the long integer property value whose key value is name. If the key does not exist, or the corresponding property value is not int type, an exception is thrown. + +#### **F.2.3.3.5 getFloat** + +Prototype: public final float getFloat(java.lang.String name) + +Description: Getting a floating-point property value whose key value is name. + +Parameter: name – A java.lang.String object, indicating key value; + +Return: float type, indicating floating-point property value whose key value is name. If the key does not exist, or the corresponding property value is not int type, an exception is thrown. + +#### **F.2.3.3.6 getString** + +Prototype: public final String getString(java.lang.String name) + +Description: Getting a string property value whose key value is name. + +Parameter: name – A java.lang.String object, indicating key value; + +Return: A String object, indicating the string property value whose key value is name. If the key does not exist or the corresponding property value is not a String object, an exception is thrown. + +#### **F.2.3.3.7 getByteBuffer** + +Prototype: public final ByteBuffer getByteBuffer(java.lang.String name) + +Description: Getting a string property value whose key value is name. + +Parameter: name – A java.lang.String object, indicating key value; + +Return: A java.nio.ByteBuffer object, indicating the string property value whose key value is name. If the key does not exist or the corresponding property value is not a ByteBuffer object, an exception is thrown. + +## Annex G + +### System management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### G.1 Overview + +This annex defines JAVA interfaces related to system management. + +#### G.2 System management module + +The system management module provides classes and methods such as configuration parameter access, software and hardware configuration information acquisition, peripheral management and system operation. + +The summary of the system management module is shown in Table G.1. + +**Table G.1 – Summary of system management module** + +| | | +|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interfaces | | +| PeripheralType | Peripheral type constant definition interface supported by TVOS. | +| Peripheral | A Peripheral description interface, providing methods for obtaining the name, status, type, and ID of the peripheral. | +| PeripheralListener | Peripheral event listener, implemented by the application program. | +| Classes | | +| PeripheralManager | Peripheral manager is the entry class of the peripheral management module. | +| DataConfig | A Configuration data access class, providing a method to access the configuration data stored in the receiving terminal NVM. | +| HardwareInfo | A Hardware information description class, providing a method to obtain the hardware parameter information of the receiving terminal. | +| SoftwareInfo | A Software information description class, providing a method to obtain the software parameter information of the receiving terminal. | +| SysTool | A System tool class, providing methods for system standby, sleep and restart. | +| Events | | +| PeripheralEvent | Peripheral notification events. | + +#### G.2.1 Interface org.ngb.system.PeripheralType + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.system.PeripheralType + +Description: Peripheral type constant definition interface supported by TVOS. + +##### G.2.1.1 Constant field – peripheral type + +###### G.2.1.1.1 PERIPHERAL\_ALL + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String PERIPHERAL\_ALL = "all" + +Description: Peripheral type – all. + +###### G.2.1.1.2 PERIPHERAL\_MOUSE + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String PERIPHERAL\_MOUSE = "mouse" + +Description: Peripheral type – Mouse. + +### **G.2.1.1.3 PERIPHERAL\_PC\_KEYBOARD** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String PERIPHERAL\_PC\_KEYBOARD = "keyboard" + +Description: Peripheral type – PC keyboard. + +## **G.2.2 Interface org.ngb.system.Peripheral** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.system.Peripheral + +Description: A Peripheral description interface, providing methods for obtaining the name, status, type, and ID of the peripheral. + +### **G.2.2.1 Method** + +#### **G.2.2.1.1 getType** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getType() + +Description: Getting a peripheral type. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the peripheral type. For the value, see the constant field definition of "peripheral type" of PeripheralType interface. + +#### **G.2.2.1.2 getID** + +Prototype: public long getID() + +Description: Getting an unique identifier of the peripheral. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: long type, indicating a globally unique identifier of the peripheral. + +#### **G.2.2.1.3 getName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getName() + +Description: Getting the name of the peripheral. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the peripheral. + +#### **G.2.2.1.4 getStatus** + +Prototype: public int getStatus() + +Description: Getting peripheral status. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the status of the peripheral, and the value being related to the specific peripheral type. + +## **G.2.3 Interface org.ngb.system.PeripheralListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.system.PeripheralListener + +Description: Peripheral event listener, implemented by the application program. + +### **G.2.3.1 Method** + +#### **G.2.3.1.1 processPeripheralEvent** + +Prototype: public void processPeripheralEvent(org.ngb.system.PeripheralEvent event) + +Description: Peripheral message processing method. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.system.PeripheralEvent object, indicating the peripheral event message. + +## **G.2.4 Class org.ngb.system.PeripheralManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.PeripheralManager + +Description: A Peripheral manager, providing a method of peripheral management, is the entry class of the peripheral management module. + +### **G.2.4.1 Method** + +#### **G.2.4.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.system.PeripheralManager getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the org.ngb.system.PeripheralManager class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A PeripheralManager object, indicating the only instance of the org.ngb.system.PeripheralManager class implemented by the system. + +#### **G.2.4.1.2 addPeripheralEventListener** + +Prototype: public void addPeripheralEventListener(org.ngb.system.PeripheralListener listener) + +Description: Register a peripheral event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.system.PeripheralListener object, indicating the peripheral event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +#### **G.2.4.1.3 removePeripheralListener** + +Prototype: public void removePeripheralListener(org.ngb.system.PeripheralListener listener) + +Description: Unregister a peripheral event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.system.PeripheralListener object, indicating the peripheral event listener to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +#### **G.2.4.1.4 getAllPeripheralsByType** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.system.Peripheral[] getAllPeripheralsByType(java.lang.String strType) + +Description: Getting all devices of the specified type. + +Parameter: strType – A java.lang.String object, indicating the peripheral type. For the value, see the constant field definition of "Peripheral Type" of the org.ngb.system.PeripheralType interface. + +Return: org.ngb.system.Peripheral objects array, indicating all devices conforming to the specified type. If there are no eligible peripherals, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **G.2.4.1.5 getPeripheralsByID** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.system.Peripheral getPeripheralsByID(long id) + +Description: Getting peripherals based on the globally unique ID. + +Parameter: id – long type, indicating the globally unique ID of the peripheral. + +Return: An org.ngb.system.Peripheral object, indicating the peripherals that meet the conditions. If there are no eligible peripherals, null is returned. + +#### G.2.4.1.6 uninstallPeripheralByID + +Prototype: public boolean uninstallPeripheralByID(long id) + +Description: Uninstall peripherals based on the globally unique ID. + +Parameter: id – long type, indicating the globally unique ID of the peripheral. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the uninstallation was successful, and false value indicating that the uninstallation failed. + +#### G.2.5 Class org.ngb.system.DataConfig + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.DataConfig + +Description: Configuration data access class, providing a method to access a system data table stored in the receiving terminal NVM. + +A system data table is used to store global configuration information set by the system. It is accessed in the way of "key name + key value". The key value is stored in JSON format in RAM and NVM, and the key name and key value are disclosed in JSON format. An authorized application can set/read system parameters, but cannot delete data items. When the application reads the data, it should be parsed according to the application scenario corresponding to the key name. The system should verify the authority of the application, and only privileged applications can access the system data table. JSON format definition of the key name and key value of the system data table is shown in Table G.2. + +The access to the user data table adopts the method provided by the standard Properties interface. + +**Table G.2 – Key name and key value table of system data table** + +| Key Name | Key Value | | +|----------------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DVBMainFrequencyInfo | Use | Describe DVB main frequency point information | +| | JSON format |
 [ {   "deliveryType":1,   "deliveryParams":[     {"frequency":626000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3},     {"frequency":634000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3},     {"frequency":642000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3}   ] }, ... {   "deliveryType":10,   "deliveryParams":[     {"frequency":12020, "symbolRate":28800, "polarization":3}   ] }, {   "deliveryType":12,   "deliveryParams":[     {"frequency":642000}   ] } ]           

NOTE – The JSON format of the key value of the DVBMainFrequencyInfo key can describe multiple transmission systems, and each transmission system can describe multiple main frequency point information. In this example, the above JSON string describes the DVB-C, ABS-SS, and DTMB transmission systems, where DVB-C

| + +**Table G.2 – Key name and key value table of system data table** + +| Key Name | Key Value | | +|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | transmission system contains 3 main frequency point information, and ABS-SS transmission system contains 1 main frequency point information. DTMB transmission system includes 1 main frequency point information. | | +| DVBMainFrequencyInfo | deliveryType | Int type, indicating the type of the delivery system. For the values, refer to the constant field definition of the DeliverySystemType interface and the DvbDeliverySystemType interface "Delivery System Type". | +| | Frequency | Int type, indicating the tuning frequency, and is measured in a unit related to the value of the deliveryType field:
  • – If deliveryType=1, it indicates DVB-C delivery system, in kHz;
  • – If deliveryType=10, it indicates ABS-SS delivery system, in MHz;
  • – If deliveryType=12, it indicates DTMB delivery system, in kHz;
  • – If deliveryType is another value, this key is meaningless.
| +| | symbolRate | Int type, indicating the symbol rate, in ksymbol/s.
  • – If deliveryType=12, it indicates DTMB delivery system, this key is meaningless.
| +| | modulation | Int type, indicating a modulation mode, and the value is related to the value of the deliveryType field:
  • – If deliveryType=1, it indicates DVB-C delivery system. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "modulation mode" of DvbcTunningParameters class;
  • – If deliveryType is another value, this key is meaningless.
| +| | Polarization | Int type, indicating polarization mode, the value is related to the value of the deliveryType field:
  • – If deliveryType=10, it indicates ABS-SS delivery system. For the value, please refer to the "Polarization Mode" constant field definition of AbsssTunningParameters class;
  • – If deliveryType is another value, this key is meaningless.
| +| EPGSetting | Use | Describe EPG search setting information. | +| | JSON Format | {"search_start_date":0, "search_days":7, "program_event_maxcount":255} | +| | Description | search_start_date
int type, indicating the start date for searching the program table. The default is 0, indicating that the current day will be the start date of the search, 1 indicating the | + +**Table G.2 – Key name and key value table of system data table** + +| Key Name | Key Value | | | +|--------------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | second day, 2 indicating the third day,..., and so on. | +| | | search_days | Int type, indicating how many consecutive days the program table will search. | +| | | program_event_max_count | Int type, indicating the maximum number of EPG searching program events. If the value is -1, it indicates unlimited. | +| AudioSetting | Use | Describe audio settings information. | | +| | JSON Format | {
"enableGlobalVolume":0,
"outputVolume":50,
"spdifMode":"PCM",
"soundMode":0
} | | +| AudioSetting | Description | enableGlobalVolume | Int type, indicating whether to enable unified volume control, value:
– 0-indicating that the application allows users to individually set the volume of each channel;
– 1-indicating that the volume of all live TV, audio broadcast, near video on demand (NVOD), and mosaic is unified as the outputVolume value. | +| | | outputVolume | Int type, indicating that the receiving terminal outputs analog volume, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating mute, 100 indicating maximum volume, and taking effect immediately after setting. | +| | | spdifMode | Character string, indicating the signal format of the SPDIF output interface of the receiving terminal. The value is:
– "ORIGINAL" – indicating original code output (not decoded);
– "PCM" – indicating PCM format output (decoded);
– "default" – indicating that the original code or PCM output is determined according to the stream_type field value of the PMT table;
– "OFF" – indicating that SPDIF output is turned off. | +| | | soundMode | Int type, indicating a channel mode. The value is:
– 0-indicating stereo sound;
– 1-indicating a single left channel, that is, there is no sound in the right channel;
– 2-indicating a single right channel, that is, there is no sound in the left channel;
– 3-indicating mixing. | +| VideoSetting | Use | Describe video settings information. | | +| | JSON format | {
"videoStandard":27400,
"OSDAlpha":0
} | | + +**Table G.2 – Key name and key value table of system data table** + +| Key Name | Key Value | | | +|----------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Description | videoStandard | Int type, indicating the video output format. For the value, see the constant field definition of "output format" of VideoSetting class. | +| | | OSDAlpha | Int type, indicating the transparency of the OSD layer, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating completely opaque, and 100 indicating completely transparent. | +| UserPreference | Use | Describe user preference setting information. | | +| | JSON Format | {
"audioLang":"zho",
"osdLang":"eng"
} | | +| | Description | audioLang | A character string, indicating the audio language preferred by the user. Three-letter language code follows GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. | +| | | osdLang | A character string, indicating the user's preferred interface language. Three-letter language code follows GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. | +| Portal | Use | Describe portal server address information. | | +| | JSON format | {
"address":"http://ngb.com",
"port":8080
} | | +| | Description | address | A character string, indicating a portal server address. | +| | | port | Int type, indicating an access port of the portal server. | +| NTP | Use | Describe network time protocol (NTP) server address information. | | +| | JSON format | {
"address":"http://ntp.com",
"port":8080
} | | +| | Description | address | A character string, indicating NTP server address. | +| | | port | Int type, indicating an access port of the NTP server. | +| VODChannel | Use | Describe VOD server address information. | | +| | JSON format | {
"MD5":"5A8B6493",
"VODParams":[
{
"frequency":634000,
"symbolRate":6875,
"modulation":3,
"QAMName":1234
},
{
"frequency":642000,
"symbolRate":6875,
"modulation":3,
"QAMName":4321
} | | + +**Table G.2 – Key name and key value table of system data table** + +| Key Name | Key Value | | | +|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| |
 }, {   "frequency":650000,   "symbolRate":6875,   "modulation":3,   "QAMName":8888 } ] } 
NOTE – Only applicable to cable digital TV. | | | +| VODChannel | Description | MD5 | A character string, indicating MD5 code of configuration file. | +| | | frequency | Int type, indicating the frequency of IPQAM frequency point, in kHz. | +| | | symbolRate | Int type, indicating a symbol rate of IPQAM frequency point, in ksymbol/s. | +| | | modulation | Int type, indicating IPQAM frequency point modulation mode. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "modulation mode" in the DvbcTunningParameters class. | +| | | QAMName | Int type, indicating VOD area code. | +| UserInfo | Use | Describe end user information. | | +| | JSON format |
 {   "account":"882012459",   "customerGroup":"group1",   "adminPassword":"12345" } 
| | +| | Description | account | A character string, indicating a device account (UserID, user account information synchronized by BOSS/SMS). | +| | | customerGroup | A character string, indicating a user group where the terminal is located. | +| | | adminPassword | A character string, indicating an administrator password, used to enter the system setting interface and watch locked channels. | +| Autodeployer | Use | Describe application automatic deployment information. | | +| | JSON format |
 {   "mode":"auto-ip",   "ocPath":[   {     "deliveryType":1,     "deliveryParams":[       {"frequency":626000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3},       {"frequency":634000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3},       {"frequency":642000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3}     ]   }   ],   ... ] 
| | + +**Table G.2 – Key name and key value table of system data table** + +| Key Name | | Key Value | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +|
 "ipPath":[ {   "udpPath":"192.168.1.12",   "udpPort":8080,   "downloadTimeOut":60 }, ... ] } 

NOTE – A one-way broadcast channel supports multiple delivery systems and multiple frequency points to issue XML signaling files; and a two-way broadband channel supports multiple UDP servers to issue XML signaling files.

| | | | +| Description | | mode |

A character string indicating the method of obtaining the XML signaling file for automatic deployment. The value is:

  • – "ip" – means to obtain the XML signaling file from the two-way broadband channel;
  • – "oc" – means to obtain the XML signaling file from the one-way broadcast channel;
  • – "auto-ip" – means self-adaptation, preferentially obtain XML signaling files from the two-way broadband channel;
  • – "auto-oc" – means self-adaptation, preferentially obtain XML signaling file from unidirectional broadcast channel.
| +| | | ocPath |

JSON object type, indicating OC download path of the xml signaling file that is automatically deployed.

  • – deliveryType: Int type, indicating the type of delivery system, same as the explanation of the DVBMainFrequencyInfo key;
  • – deliveryParams: JSON object, same as the explanation of the DVBMainFrequencyInfo key.
| +| Autodeployer | Description | ipPath |

JSON object type, indicating ip download path of the xml signaling file for automatic deployment.

  • – udpPath: A character string, indicating UDP server address;
  • – udpPort: Int type, indicating UDP service port;
  • – downloadTimeOut: Int type, indicating the application download timeout time, in seconds.
| + +**G.2.5.1 Method** + +**G.2.5.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static DataConfig getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the DataConfig class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: DataConfig class singleton. + +#### **G.2.5.1.2 getProperty** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getProperty(java.lang.String strItem) + +Description: Getting the value of a data item in the system data table (read from memory). + +Parameter: strItem – A java.lang.String object, indicating the key name of the data item. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the key value of the data item, which is described by a JSON character string; if the data item does not exist, it returns null. + +#### **G.2.5.1.3 setProperty** + +Prototype: public int setProperty(java.lang.String strItem, java.lang.String strValue) + +Description: Setting the value of a data item in the system data table (written to memory). + +Parameter: strItem – A java.lang.String object, indicating the key name of the data item; + +strValue – A java.lang.String object, indicating the key value of the data item, which is described by JSON character string. + +Return: Int type, indicating the modification result, and the values are as follows: + +- If the modification is successful, the return value is greater than 0; +- If the content modification fails due to unknown reasons, 0 will be returned; +- If the data item does not exist, – 1 is returned. + +#### **G.2.5.1.4 restoreDefault** + +Prototype: public boolean restoreDefault() + +Description: Restore the system data table in NVM to the factory setting state, and update the system data table in memory synchronously. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that restoration of the factory settings succeeds, and false value indicating that the restoration of the factory settings fails. + +#### **G.2.5.1.5 restoreFromNvm** + +Prototype: public boolean restoreFromNvm() + +Description: Read the system data table in NVM into memory and overwrite the current data in memory. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the read result, true value indicating read success, and false value indicating read failure. + +#### **G.2.5.1.6 saveToNvm** + +Prototype: public boolean saveToNvm() + +Description: Write the system data table in memory into NVM, and overwrite the system data table in NVM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the write result, true value indicating the write success, and false value indicating the write failure. + +### **G.2.6 Class org.ngb.system.HardwareInfo** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.HardwareInfo + +Description: Hardware configuration information class, providing a method to obtain the hardware configuration parameter information of the receiving terminal. + +#### **G.2.6.1 Constant field – hardware configuration item** + +##### **G.2.6.1.1 FLASH\_SIZE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String FLASH\_SIZE = "flash\_size" + +Description: A size of the receiving terminal's flash memory, in MB. + +##### **G.2.6.1.2 RAM\_SIZE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String RAM\_SIZE = "ram\_size" + +Description: A size of the receiving terminal's flash memory, in MB. + +##### **G.2.6.1.3 RAM\_TYPE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String RAM\_TYPE = "ram\_type" + +Description: The type of the receiving terminal's flash memory, the value is "SDRAM", "DDR", etc. + +##### **G.2.6.1.4 SOC\_MODEL** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String SOC\_MODEL = "soc\_model" + +Description: Model of main chip of receiving terminal. + +##### **G.2.6.1.5 SOC\_FREQUENCY** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String SOC\_FREQUENCY = "soc\_frequency" + +Description: Operating frequency of main chip of receiving terminal, in MHz. + +##### **G.2.6.1.6 SOC\_PROVIDER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String SOC\_PROVIDER = "soc\_provider" + +Description: Name of provider of main chip of receiving terminal. + +##### **G.2.6.1.7 DEFINITION\_TYPE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String DEFINITION\_TYPE = "definition\_type" + +Description: Definition type of receiving terminal, which can take the values "HD" and "SD". + +##### **G.2.6.1.8 HW\_VERSION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String HW\_VERSION = "hw\_version" + +Description: Hardware version number of the receiving terminal. + +##### **G.2.6.1.9 STB\_BRAND** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String STB\_BRAND = "stb\_brand" + +Description: Brand name of the receiving terminal. + +##### **G.2.6.1.10 STB\_MODEL** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String STB\_MODEL = "stb\_model" + +Description: Model of the receiving terminal. + +##### **G.2.6.1.11 STB\_PROVIDER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String STB\_PROVIDER = "stb\_provider" + +Description: Name of the provider of the receiving terminal. + +#### **G.2.6.1.12 STB\_SERIAL\_NUMBER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String STB\_SERIAL\_NUMBER = "stb\_serial\_number" + +Description: Serial number of the receiving terminal. + +#### **G.2.6.1.13 TRANSPORT\_TYPE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String TRANSPORT\_TYPE = "transport\_type" + +Description: Transmission mode type of the receiving terminal, which can be a combination of "DVB-C", "DVB-S", and "DVB-T". + +### **G.2.6.2 Method** + +#### **G.2.6.2.1 getProperty** + +Prototype: public static java.lang.String getProperty(java.lang.String key) + +throws IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Getting hardware configuration information of the receiving terminal. + +Parameter: key – A java.lang.String object, indicating keyword of hardware configuration property. For the value, refer to the constant field definition of "Hardware Configuration Item" of the HardwareInfo class. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating hardware configuration parameters. + +Exception: IllegalArgumentException –If the hardware configuration item keyword is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +### **G.2.7 Class org.ngb.system.SoftwareInfo** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.SoftwareInfo + +Description: A Software configuration information class, providing a method to get a software configuration parameter information of the receiving terminal. + +#### **G.2.7.1 Constant field – software configuration item** + +##### **G.2.7.1.1 CA\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String CA\_NAME = "ca\_name" + +Description: Name of CA module. + +##### **G.2.7.1.2 CA\_PROVIDER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String CA\_PROVIDER = "ca\_provider" + +Description: Name of the provider of the CA module. + +##### **G.2.7.1.3 CA\_VERSION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String CA\_VERSION = "ca\_version" + +Description: Version number of CA module. + +##### **G.2.7.1.4 DRIVER\_VERSION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String DRIVER\_VERSION = "driver\_version" + +Description: Driver version number of receiving terminal. + +##### **G.2.7.1.5 LOADER\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String LOADER\_NAME = "loader\_name" + +Description: Name of software update module (loader). + +#### **G.2.7.1.6 LOADER\_PROVIDER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String LOADER\_PROVIDER = "loader\_provider" + +Description: Name of the provider of the software update module (loader). + +#### **G.2.7.1.7 LOADER\_SIZE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String LOADER\_SIZE = "loader\_size" + +Description: Size of the software update module (loader), in KB. + +#### **G.2.7.1.8 LOADER\_VERSION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String LOADER\_VERSION = "loader\_version" + +Description: Version of the software update module (loader). + +#### **G.2.7.1.9 MW\_COPYRIGHT** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_COPYRIGHT = "mw\_copyright" + +Description: Copyright information of the system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.10 MW\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_NAME = "mw\_name" + +Description: Name of the system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.11 MW\_NVM\_SIZE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_NVM\_SIZE = "mw\_nvm\_size" + +Description: Flash memory space occupied by the system software, in KB. + +#### **G.2.7.1.12 MW\_PLATFORM\_LEVEL** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_PLATFORM\_LEVEL = "mw\_platform\_level" + +Description: Platform level supported by the system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.13 MW\_PLATFORM\_PROFILE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_PLATFORM\_PROFILE = +"mw\_platform\_profile" + +Description: Platform grade supported by the system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.14 MW\_PROVIDER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_PROVIDER = "mw\_provider" + +Description: Name of the provider of the system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.15 MW\_RAM\_SIZE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_RAM\_SIZE = "mw\_ram\_size" + +Description: Memory space occupied by the system software, in KB. + +#### **G.2.7.1.16 MW\_RELEASE\_DATE** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_RELEASE\_DATE = "mw\_release\_date" + +Description: Release date of the system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.17 MW\_VERSION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String MW\_VERSION = "mw\_version" + +Description: Version number of the system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.18 OS\_NAME** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String OS\_NAME = "os\_name" + +Description: Name of the operating system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.19 OS\_PROVIDER** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String OS\_PROVIDER = "os\_provider" + +Description: Name of the provider of the operating system software. + +#### **G.2.7.1.20 OS\_VERSION** + +Prototype: public static final java.lang.String OS\_VERSION = "os\_version" + +Description: Version number of the operating system software. + +### **G.2.7.2 Method** + +#### **G.2.7.2.1 getProperty** + +Prototype: public static java.lang.String getProperty(java.lang.String key) + +throws IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Getting the software configuration information of the receiving terminal. + +Parameter: key – A java.lang.String object, indicating the keyword of the software configuration item. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "Software Configuration Item" in the SoftwareInfo class. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating software configuration parameters. + +Exception: IllegalArgumentException – If the software configuration item keyword is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +### **G.2.8 Class org.ngb.system.SysTool** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.SysTool + +Description: System tool class, providing methods for system standby, sleep, and restart. The system should verify the permissions of the application, and only authorized applications can call the methods provided by this class. + +- Standby: CPU of the receiving terminal is still working to run some background programs, such as push downloads, software upgrade monitoring, etc., while turning off all audio and video output. The receiving terminal looks as if has stopped working; +- Sleep: CPU of the receiving terminal stops working, completely cuts off the power of the CPU and the main board, and monitors the activation command sent by the remote control by an external single-chip or other means, and then starts the switching power supply to supply power to the CPU and the main board to realize remote boot. + +The relevant methods of this class should be implemented according to the actual capabilities of the receiver. + +### **G.2.8.1 Method** + +#### **G.2.8.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.system.SysTool getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the org.ngb.system.SysTool class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.system.SysTool object, indicating the only instance of the org.ngb.system.SysTool class implemented by the system. + +#### **G.2.8.1.2 getStandByStatus** + +Prototype: public boolean getStandByStatus() + +Description: Getting the standby state. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating entering standby state, false indicating exiting standby state (that is, to enter working state). + +#### **G.2.8.1.3 reboot** + +Prototype: public void reboot() + +Description: Restart the receiver. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **G.2.8.1.4 sleep** + +Prototype: public void sleep() + +Description: Control the receiver to enter the sleep state, and the CPU will power off and stop working. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **G.2.8.1.5 standBy** + +Prototype: public void standBy() + +Description: Control the receiver to enter the standby state. The CPU is still running. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **G.2.8.1.6 wakeUp** + +Prototype: public void wakeUp() + +Description: Wake up the receiver to enter the working state. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### **G.2.9 Event org.ngb.system.PeripheralEvent** + +Prototype: public abstract class org.ngb.system.PeripheralEvent + +Description: Peripheral notification events. + +#### **G.2.9.1 Constant field – peripheral event type** + +##### **G.2.9.1.1 TYPE\_FOUND** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_FOUND = 0 + +Description: A peripheral is found, its information can be obtained, but the peripheral cannot be accessed. + +##### **G.2.9.1.2 TYPE\_READY** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_READY = 1 + +Description: The peripheral is ready for access. + +##### **G.2.9.1.3 TYPE\_ERROR** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_ERROR = 2 + +Description: The peripheral has an unrecoverable error and cannot be accessed. + +##### **G.2.9.1.4 TYPE\_PLUGOUT** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_PLUGOUT = 3 + +Description: The peripheral has been removed. + +#### **G.2.9.2 Method** + +##### **G.2.9.2.1 getPeripheral** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.system.Peripheral getPeripheral() + +Description: Getting the peripheral that issued this event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.system.Peripheral object, indicating the peripheral that issued this event message. + +##### **G.2.9.2.2 getType** + +Prototype: public int getType() + +Description: Getting the peripheral event type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the peripheral event type. For the value, please refer to the "Peripheral Event Type" constant field definition of the org.ngb.system.PeripheralEvent class. + +#### **G.3 OTA upgrade module** + +OTA upgrade module provides classes and methods for OTA software upgrade detection and processing operations. + +The summary of the OTA upgrade module is shown in Table G.3. + +**Table G.3 – Summary of OTA upgrade module** + +| | | +|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| OTAEventListener | OTA event listener is implemented by the application program. | +| Class | | +| OTAManager | OTA manager is the entry class of the OTA function module. | +| Event | | +| OTAEvent | OTA event. | + +### **G.3.1 Interface org.ngb.system.OTAEventListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.system.OTAEventListener + +Description: OTA event listener is implemented by the application program. + +#### **G.3.1.1 Method** + +##### **G.3.1.1.1 processEvent** + +Prototype: void processEvent(org.ngb.system.OTAEvent event) + +Description: OTA upgrade message processing method. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.system.OTAEvent object, indicating an OTA upgrade prompt message. + +Return: None. + +### **G.3.2 Class org.ngb.system.OTAManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.OTAManager + +Description: OTA manager. The system should verify the permissions of the application, and only privileged applications can call the methods provided by this class. + +#### **G.3.2.1 Method** + +##### **G.3.2.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.system.OTAManager getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the org.ngb.system.OTAManager class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An OTAManager object, indicating the only instance of the org.ngb.system.OTAManager class implemented by the system. + +##### **G.3.2.1.2 checkOTA** + +Prototype: public boolean checkOTA() + +Description: Determine whether to deploy a new OTA upgrade on the front end. This method is mainly used to manually detect OTA upgrade information. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the determination result, true value indicating that there is an OTA upgrade, and false value indicating that there is no OTA upgrade. + +##### **G.3.2.1.3 getOTAName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getOTAName() + +Description: Getting the name of the OTA upgrade event, which is different from the name of the OTA provider and refers to the text description of the OTA upgrade event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the OTA upgrade event. If the upgrade event name is not provided on the front end, null will be returned. + +#### **G.3.2.1.4 startOTA** + +Prototype: public boolean startOTA() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, starting to upgrade, and returning immediately upon being called. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the OTA upgrade is started successfully, and false value indicating that the OTA upgrade has failed. + +#### **G.3.2.1.5 addOTAEVENTListener** + +Prototype: public void addOTAEVENTListener(org.ngb.system.OTAEVENTListener listener) + +Description: Register an OTA event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.system.OTAEVENTListener object, indicating the OTA event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +#### **G.3.2.1.6 removeOTAEVENTListener** + +Prototype: public void removeOTAEVENTListener(org.ngb.system.OTAEVENTListener listener) + +Description: Unregister an OTA event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.system.OTAEVENTListener object, indicating the OTA event listener to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +### **G.3.3 Event org.ngb.system.OTAEVENT** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.OTAEVENT extends EventObject + +Description: OTA event. + +#### **G.3.3.1 Constant field – upgrade type** + +##### **G.3.3.1.1 OTA\_FORCE** + +Prototype: public static final int OTA\_FORCE = 0 + +Description: Mandatory upgrade. A new OTA upgrade package was deployed on the front end of the operation to notify the receiving terminal to perform OTA upgrade. After receiving the message, the application does not prompt the user, and directly calls the startOTA() method of the OTAManager class to directly force the OTA upgrade. + +##### **G.3.3.1.2 OTA\_NORMAL** + +Prototype: public static final int OTA\_NORMAL = 1 + +Description: Upgrade normally. A new OTA upgrade package was deployed on the front end of the operation to notify the receiving terminal to perform OTA upgrade. The application prompts the user after receiving the message, and calls the startOTA() method of the OTAManager class to upgrade upon acknowledgement of the user. + +### G.3.3.2 Method + +#### G.3.3.2.1 getType + +Prototype: public int getType() + +Description: Getting OTA upgrade event type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the type of the OTA upgrade event. The value can be OTA\_FORCE or OTA\_NORMAL. For details, see the constant field definition of "upgrade type" in the OTAEvent class. + +## G.4 Storage management module + +The storage management module provides classes and methods for storage devices and storage device partition access. + +The summary of the storage management module is shown in Table G.4. + +**Table G.4 – Summary of storage management module** + +| | | +|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| Storage | Describe storage device information, such as name, size, idle state, partition, etc. | +| StorageEventListener | Storage event listener, implemented by the application. | +| StoragePartition | Describe the partition information of the storage device, such as name, size, idle state, access path, partition type, etc. | +| Class | | +| StorageManager | Provide methods for managing storage devices and storage device partitions. | +| Event | | +| StorageEvent | Storage events related to storage devices. | + +### G.4.1 Interface org.ngb.system.Storage + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.system.Storage + +Description: Storage device description interface, providing methods for obtaining serial numbers, partitions, etc. + +#### G.4.1.1 Method + +##### G.4.1.1.1 getAllPartitions + +Prototype: org.ngb.system.StoragePartition[] getAllPartitions() + +Description: Getting all partition objects of the storage device. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.system.StoragePartition object array, indicating all partitions of the storage device. If there is none, the length of the returned array is 0. + +##### G.4.1.1.2 getSerialNumber + +Prototype: java.lang.String getSerialNumber() + +Description: Getting serial number of the storage device. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A `java.lang.String` object, indicating the serial number of the storage device. + +#### **G.4.2 Interface org.ngb.system.StorageEventListener** + +Prototype: `public interface org.ngb.system.StorageEventListener` + +Description: A Storage event listener, implemented by the application. + +##### **G.4.2.1 Method** + +###### **G.4.2.1.1 processStorageEvent** + +Prototype: `void processStorageEvent(org.ngb.system.StorageEvent event)` + +Description: Storage event processing method. + +Parameter: `event` – An `org.ngb.system.StorageEvent` object, indicating a storage event. + +Return: None. + +#### **G.4.3 Interface org.ngb.system.StoragePartition** + +Prototype: `public interface org.ngb.system.StoragePartition` + +Description: A Storage partition description interface, providing methods for obtaining the name, size, idle state, and access path of the storage device partition. + +##### **G.4.3.1 Method** + +###### **G.4.3.1.1 getID** + +Prototype: `long getID()` + +Description: Getting the globally unique ID of the storage device partition. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: `long` type, indicating the globally unique ID of the storage device partition. + +###### **G.4.3.1.2 getName** + +Prototype: `java.lang.String getName()` + +Description: Getting the partition name of the storage device. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A `java.lang.String` object, indicating the partition name of the storage device. + +###### **G.4.3.1.3 getPath** + +Prototype: `java.lang.String getPath()` + +Description: Getting access path of the storage device partition. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A `java.lang.String` object, indicating the access path of the storage device partition. + +###### **G.4.3.1.4 getStatus** + +Prototype: `java.lang.String getStatus()` + +Description: Getting a partition status of the storage device. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A `java.lang.String` object, indicating the partition status of the storage device, such as "good", "unformatted", etc. + +#### **G.4.3.1.5 getFreeSize** + +Prototype: long getFreeSize() + +Description: Getting a free storage space size of the storage device partition. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: long type, indicating the free storage space size of the storage device partition, in KB. + +#### **G.4.3.1.6 getTotalSize** + +Prototype: long getTotalSize() + +Description: Getting a total storage space size of the storage device partition. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: long type, indicating the total storage space size of the storage device partition, in KB. + +### **G.4.4 Class org.ngb.system.StorageManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.StorageManager + +Description: The storage device manager provides a method for managing storage devices and storage device partitions, and is the entry class of the storage device management function module. The system should verify the permissions of the application, and only authorized applications can call the methods provided by this class. + +#### **G.4.4.1 Method** + +##### **G.4.4.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.system.StorageManager getInstance() + +Description: Getting the only instance of the storage device manager implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.ngb.system.StorageManager object singleton. + +##### **G.4.4.1.2 addStorageEventListener** + +Prototype: public void addStorageEventListener(org.ngb.system.StorageEventListener listener) + +Description: Register a storage event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.system.StorageEventListener object, indicating the storage event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +##### **G.4.4.1.3 removeStorageEventListener** + +Prototype: public void removeStorageEventListener(org.ngb.system.StorageEventListener listener) + +Description: Unregister a storage event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.system.StorageEventListener object, indicating the storage event listener to be unregistered. + +##### **G.4.4.1.4 getAllStorages** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.system.Storage[] getAllStorages() + +Description: Getting all storage device objects. + +Return: An org.ngb.system.Storage object array, indicating all storage device objects. + +#### **G.4.4.1.5 uninstallStorage** + +Prototype: public boolean uninstallStorage(org.ngb.system.Storage storage) + +Description: Uninstall storage device. + +Parameter: storage – An org.ngb.system.Storage object, indicating storage device information. + +Return: boolean type, indicating the uninstallation result, true value indicating that the uninstallation was successful, and false value indicating that the uninstallation failed. + +### **G.4.5 Event org.ngb.system.StorageEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.system.StorageEvent + +Description: Storage events related to storage devices. + +#### **G.4.5.1 Constant field – message type** + +##### **G.4.5.1.1 TYPE\_PARTITION\_FOUND** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_PARTITION\_FOUND = 22 + +Description: Device message type-partition found. + +##### **G.4.5.1.2 TYPE\_PARTITION\_MOUNTED** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_PARTITION\_MOUNTED = 23 + +Description: Device message type-succeeded to mount the partition. + +##### **G.4.5.1.3 TYPE\_PARTITION\_MOUNT\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_PARTITION\_MOUNT\_FAILED = 24 + +Description: Device message type-failed to mount the partition. + +##### **G.4.5.1.4 TYPE\_PARTITION\_UNINSTALL** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_PARTITION\_UNINSTALL = 25 + +Description: Device message type-partition uninstall message. + +##### **G.4.5.1.5 TYPE\_INSUFFICIENT\_SPACE** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_INSUFFICIENT\_SPACE = 32 + +Description: A Storage event-there is not enough space. + +#### **G.4.5.2 Method** + +##### **G.4.5.2.1 getType** + +Prototype: public int getType() + +Description: Getting the storage event message type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the message type of the storage event. For the value, see the constant field definition of the "message type" of the StorageEvent class. + +##### **G.4.5.2.2 getStorage** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.system.Storage getStorage() + +Description: Getting the storage device object that sent this event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.system.Storage object, indicating the storage device object that sent this event. + +### **G.4.5.2.3 getStoragePartition** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.system.StoragePartition getStoragePartition() + +Description: Getting the storage device partition object that sent this event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.system.StoragePartition object, indicating the storage device partition object that sent this event. + +## Annex H + +### JAVA-application engine unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### H.1 Overview + +This annex defines the application engine JAVA interface, including channel scan module, electronic program guide module and information search module. + +#### H.2 Channel scan module + +The channel scan module provides classes and methods related to channel scan. + +The summary of channel scan module is shown in Table H.1. + +**Table H.1 – Overview of the channel scan module** + +| | | +|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| ChannelScanListener | The listener for the event of the search process is implemented by the application program. | +| Class | | +| ChannelScanEngine | Search engine, the entry class of the channel scan function unit. | +| Event | | +| ChannelScanEvent | A channel scan event, base class. | +| ChannelScanFailureEvent | A channel scan failure event, inheriting the ChannelScanEvent class. | +| ChannelScanFinishEvent | A channel scan end event, inheriting the ChannelScanEvent class. | +| ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent | A channel scan successfully parses NIT event, inheriting the ChannelScanEvent class. | +| ChannelScanSuccessEvent | A channel scan success event, inheriting the ChannelScanEvent class. | + +Channel scan method definition: + +- Manual search – According to the set tuning and demodulation parameters, search for broadcast and TV program channels within a single frequency point; +- Automatic search – According to the starting channel tuning and demodulation parameters specified by the operator, search for NIT, and then automatically perform tuning and demodulation according to the instructions of NIT, and search for broadcast and TV program channels throughout the network; the operator may specify multiple starting frequency points, the automatic search is completed upon the NIT being found at any one frequency point among a plurality of starting frequency points that the operator may specify; +- Zone search – According to China's digital TV channel assignment table, search for broadcasting and TV program channels frequency point by frequency point within a designated frequency range. + +##### H.2.1 Interfafce org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener extends java.util.EventListener + +Description: A listener for the event of the channel scan process, implemented by an application program. + +### **H.2.1.1 Method** + +#### **H.2.1.1.1 processEvent** + +Prototype: void processEvent(org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent event) + +Description: Channel scan event handling method. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent object, indicating a channel scan event. The application further determines a prototype of the event object through the instanceof method. + +Return: None. + +### **H.2.2 Class org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEngine** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEngine + +Description: Search engine, an entry class of a channel scan function unit. + +#### **H.2.2.1 Constant field – zone search method** + +##### **H.2.2.1.1 CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_MANUAL** + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_MANUAL = 0 + +Description: A Channel scan method – manual search. + +##### **H.2.2.1.2 CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_NIT** + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_NIT = 1 + +Description: A Channel scan method – automatic search. + +##### **H.2.2.1.3 CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_ZONE** + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_ZONE = 2 + +Description: A Channel scan method – zone search. + +##### **H.2.2.1.4 CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_JSON** + +Prototype: public static final int CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_JSON = 3 + +Description: A Channel scan method – JSON search. This type has a separate search entry function startScanExt. + +#### **H.2.2.2 Method** + +##### **H.2.2.2.1 createInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEngine createInstance(int tunerId) throws org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException + +Description: Creating a zone search engine object. + +Parameter: tunerId – Int type, indicating tunerid corresponding to the search engine to be created. If this parameter is not filled in, the default tunerid is 0. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEngine object, indicating a zone search engine. + +Exception: org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException – If there are insufficient underlying resources, this exception is thrown. + +##### **H.2.2.2.2 addChannelScanListener** + +Prototype: public void addChannelScanListener (org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener listener) + +Description: Register a search process status listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object, indicating a search process listener object to be registered. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.2.2.2.3 removeChannelScanListener** + +Prototype: public void removeChannelScanListener(org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan. + +org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener listener) + +Description: Unregister a search process status listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object, indicating a search process listener object to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.2.2.2.4 startScan** + +Prototype: public void startScan(int type, org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters[] params) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException,org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException + +Description: An Asynchronous method, starting channel scan. The search results are sent to the application through the search event org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent. + +- When NIT table is searched, send org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent; +- When a frequency point is searched, send org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanSuccessEvent; +- When the search is over, send org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent; +- When the search process fails due to various reasons, send org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent. The application can get the specific reason of the failure through ChannelScanFailureEvent.getReason(). + +Parameter: type – type-Int type, indicating a search type, which can be CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_MANUAL, CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_NIT or CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_ZONE, see the channel scan method constant field definition for details; + +params-org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters object array, indicating search tuning demodulation parameters. The length of the array is related to the search type: + +- If type = CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_MANUAL, the length of the array is 1; +- If type = CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_NIT, the length of the array is equal to the number of starting frequency points deployed by the operator; +- If type = CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_ZONE, the length of the array is 2, params[0] indicating the tuning parameters for starting the search frequency point, and params[1] indicating the tuning parameters for ending the search frequency point. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the parameter is invalid, this exception is thrown; +org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException – If there are insufficient underlying resources, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.2.2.2.5 startScanExt** + +Prototype: public void startScanExt(org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters params,int pid, int tableid) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException, org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException + +Description: An Asynchronous method, starting JSON format program information search. Corresponding search type: CHANNELSCAN\_TYPE\_JSON, the result is sent to the application through the event org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent. + +- When the search is over, send org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent; +- When the search process fails due to various reasons, send org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent. The application can get the specific reason of the failure through org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent.getReason(). +- When the search is started and needs to be forcibly canceled, the cancel() function is called in accordance with other search types. + +Parameter: params – An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.tuner.TuningParameters object, indicating tuning and demodulation parameters of the frequency point where the program information data is located. + +pid – PID of TS packet where the program information data is located. + +tableid – tableid assigned by the program information data. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the parameter is invalid, this exception is thrown; org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException – If there are insufficient underlying resources, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.2.2.2.6 cancel** + +Prototype: public void cancel() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, canceling channel scan. Before the application captures a search failure (org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent) or a search finish (org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent) event, you can cancel the channel scan by calling this method. After successfully canceling the search, the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent event will be sent to the application. If the channel scan is not started, calling this method will not perform any action. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.2.2.2.7 release** + +Prototype: public void release() + +Description: Instructing the system to release resources used by the search engine. If the search engine is running, you must cancel the search before calling this method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.2.2.2.8 saveScanResult** + +Prototype: public boolean saveScanResult() + +Description: Saving the results of this search to NVM. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the save succeeded, and false value indicating that the save failed. + +#### **H.2.2.2.9 saveServicesInfo** + +Prototype: public boolean saveServicesInfo(java.lang.String jsonSIInfo) + +Description: The program information data in JSON format is transferred to the DTV component for analysis and storage. + +Since it is only data analysis and does not consume too much time, the synchronous mode is adopted. + +Parameter: jsonSIInfo – Apply the PSI/SI information in JSON format obtained from the operator's front-end IP. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the parsing and saving is successful, false indicating the data format parsing fails. + +#### **H.2.3 Event org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent** + +Prototype: public abstract class org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent +extends java.util.EventObject + +Description: Base class for channel scan events. + +#### **H.2.4 Event org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent +extends org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent + +Description: A Channel scan process failure event, the application can get the specific reason for the search failure through the getReason() method. + +##### **H.2.4.1 Constant field – channel scan failure reason** + +###### **H.2.4.1.1 REASON\_UNKNOWN** + +Prototype: public static int REASON\_UNKNOWN = 0 + +Description: channel scan failure reason–unknown reason. + +###### **H.2.4.1.2 REASON\_TUNE\_LOCK\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static int REASON\_TUNE\_LOCK\_FAILED = 1 + +Description: channel scan failure reason–Frequency lock failed. + +###### **H.2.4.1.3 REASON\_NIT\_SEARCH\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static int REASON\_NIT\_SEARCH\_FAILED = 2 + +Description: channel scan failure reason–NIT search failed. + +###### **H.2.4.1.4 REASON\_BAT\_SEARCH\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static int REASON\_BAT\_SEARCH\_FAILED = 3 + +Description: channel scan failure reason–BAT search failed. + +###### **H.2.4.1.5 REASON\_PAT\_SEARCH\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static int REASON\_PAT\_SEARCH\_FAILED = 4 + +Description: channel scan failure reason–PAT search failed. + +###### **H.2.4.1.6 REASON\_PMT\_SEARCH\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static int REASON\_PMT\_SEARCH\_FAILED = 5 + +Description: channel scan failure reason–PMT search failed. + +#### **H.2.4.2 Method** + +##### **H.2.4.2.1 getReason** + +Prototype: public int getReason() + +Description: Getting the reason for the search failure. + +Return: Int type, indicating the specific reason for the failure. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of search failure reason of the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent class. + +#### **H.2.5 Event org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent + +extends org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent + +Description: Search process finish event. + +##### **H.2.5.1 Method** + +###### **H.2.5.1.1 getServiceCount** + +Prototype: public int getServiceCount() + +Description: Getting the number of services found in the search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the number of services. + +###### **H.2.5.1.2 getTransportStreamCount** + +Prototype: public int getTransportStreamCount() + +Description: Getting the number of transport streams obtained by the search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the number of transport streams. + +#### **H.2.6 Event org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent + +extends org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent + +Description: channel scan success parse NIT event. + +##### **H.2.6.1 Method** + +###### **H.2.6.1.1 getTransportStream** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SITransportStream[] getTransportStream() + +Description: Getting the transport stream object described in the NIT table. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.TransportStream object array, indicating the transport stream object described in the NIT table. + +#### **H.2.7 Event org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanSuccessEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanSuccessEvent + +extends org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEvent + +Description: Channel scan success event. The application can get the successfully found service object through the `getResult()` method. + +### H.2.7.1 Method + +#### H.2.7.1.1 getResult + +Prototype: `public org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService[] getResult()` + +Description: Getting search results. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An `org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService` object array, indicating search results. + +## H.3 Electronic Program Guide Module + +The Electronic Program Guide (EPG) provides end users with a way to browse broadcasting service-related information, such as service name, program start and end time, content summary, etc., so that end users can quickly retrieve and access services. + +The electronic program guide module provides classes and methods for obtaining EPG information. EPG information can be obtained using a cache (Cache) mechanism, or it can be temporarily loaded when needed. If a cache mechanism is adopted, the EPG information should be monitored in real time to ensure that the application can extract the latest EPG information. + +The summary of the electronic program guide module is shown in Table H.2. + +**Table H.2 – Summary of Electronic Program Guide Module** + +| | | +|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| ProgramEvent | Describing a certain program event information. | +| ProgramEventFilter | Defining a filter interface used by the application to query program event information from the EPG module, which is implemented by the application layer. | +| ProgramService | Describing a certain program service information, which is a package of a group of program event information belonging to the same service. | +| ProgramServiceFilter | Defining a filter interface used by the application to query program service information from the EPG module, which is implemented by the application layer. | +| EPGUpdateListener | EPG information update event listener, implemented by the application program. | +| Class | | +| EPGManager | EPG manager, an entry class for obtaining EPG information. | +| Event | | +| EPGUpdateEvent | EPG information update event. | + +### H.3.1 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent + +Prototype: `public interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent` + +Description: Program event information description class. + +#### H.3.1.1 Method + +##### H.3.1.1.1 getTitle + +Prototype: `public java.lang.String getTitle()` + +Description: Getting the name of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the program event. + +#### **H.3.1.1.2 getShortDescription** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getShortDescription() + +Description: Getting a brief introduction to the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the brief introduction to the program event. + +#### **H.3.1.1.3 getBeginDate** + +Prototype: public java.util.Date getBeginDate() + +Description: Getting a start time of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.util.Date object, indicating the start time of the program event. + +#### **H.3.1.1.4 getDuration** + +Prototype: public long getDuration() + +Description: Getting the time length of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: long type, indicating the duration of the program event, in seconds. + +#### **H.3.1.1.5 getEndDate** + +Prototype: public java.util.Date getEndDate() + +Description: Getting an end time of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.util.Date object, indicating the end time of the program event. + +#### **H.3.1.1.6 getLanguageCode** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getLanguageCode() + +Description: Getting a coding language of the program event description information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the language of the program event description information, the three-letter language code follows GB/T 4880.2-2000. + +#### **H.3.1.1.7 getNibbles** + +Prototype: public byte[] getNibbles() + +Description: Getting a content classification information of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A byte type array, indicating the content classification information associated with the program event. + +byte[0] – upper 4 bits indicate the second level of content classification (content\_nibble\_level\_2); +lower 4 bits indicate the first level of content classification (content\_nibble\_level\_1); + +byte[1] – upper 4 bits indicate the second level of user-defined classification (user\_nibble\_level\_2); +lower 4 bits indicate the first level of user-defined classification (user\_nibble\_level\_1). + +#### **H.3.1.1.8 getCALockMode** + +Prototype: public boolean getCALockMode() + +Description: Determine whether the program event requires CA authorization. + +NOTE – How to identify whether a program event requires CA authorization is implemented by calling the CA related interface within the system. This specification does not make mandatory provisions for the implementation method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the CA does not authorize the program, and false indicating that the CA authorizes the program. + +#### **H.3.1.1.9 getDvbLocator** + +Prototype: public org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator getDvbLocator() + +Description: Getting a locator of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object, indicating the locator of the program event. + +#### **H.3.1.1.10 getProgramService** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService getProgramService() + +Description: Getting a program service object to which this program event belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object, indicating the program service object to which this program event belongs. + +### **H.3.2 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEventFilter** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEventFilter + +Description: An EPG program event query filter interface, implemented by the application layer. + +#### **H.3.2.1 Method** + +##### **H.3.2.1.1 accept** + +Prototype: public boolean accept(org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent programEvent) + +Description: Determining whether the program event meets the filtering conditions, the filtering behavior being implemented by the application itself. + +Parameter: org.ngb.toolkit.epg.programEvent – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent object, indicating the program event to be filtered. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the program event specified by the parameter org.ngb.toolkit.epg.programEvent meets the filter condition, and false value indicating that the filter condition is not met. + +### **H.3.3 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService + +Description: Program service information, indicating a package of a group of program events (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent) belonging to the same service. The program events included in the program service belong to the same service, and different program events are included due to + +different query conditions. Program event information can be obtained through the methods provided by the `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService` interface. + +### **H.3.3.1 Constant field – service type** + +#### **H.3.3.1.1 SERVICE\_TYPE\_RESERVED** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_RESERVED = 0` + +Description: service type – Reserved for use. + +#### **H.3.3.1.2 SERVICE\_TYPE\_DIGITAL\_TELEVISION** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_DIGITAL_TELEVISION = 1` + +Description: service type – Digital TV Broadcasting Service. + +#### **H.3.3.1.3 SERVICE\_TYPE\_DIGITAL\_RADIO\_SOUND** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_DIGITAL_RADIO_SOUND = 2` + +Description: service type – Digital sound broadcasting service. + +#### **H.3.3.1.4 SERVICE\_TYPE\_TELETEXT** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_TELETEXT = 3` + +Description: service type – Teletext service. + +#### **H.3.3.1.5 SERVICE\_TYPE\_NVOD\_REFERENCE** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_REFERENCE = 4` + +Description: service type – NVOD reference business. + +#### **H.3.3.1.6 SERVICE\_TYPE\_NVOD\_TIME\_SHIFTED** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_TIME_SHIFTED = 5` + +Description: service type – NVOD time shift service. + +#### **H.3.3.1.7 SERVICE\_TYPE\_MOSAIC** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_MOSAIC = 6` + +Description: service type – Mosaic service. + +#### **H.3.3.1.8 SERVICE\_TYPE\_PAL** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_PAL = 7` + +Description: service type – PAL encoded signal. + +#### **H.3.3.1.9 SERVICE\_TYPE\_SECAM** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_SECAM = 8` + +Description: service type – SECAM encoded signal. + +#### **H.3.3.1.10 SERVICE\_TYPE\_D\_D2\_MAC** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_D_D2_MAC = 9` + +Description: service type – D/D2-MAC. + +#### **H.3.3.1.11 SERVICE\_TYPE\_FM\_RADIO** + +Prototype: `public static final short SERVICE_TYPE_FM_RADIO = 10` + +Description: service type – FM wireless. + +#### **H.3.3.1.12 SERVICE\_TYPE\_NTSC** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_NTSC = 11 + +Description: service type – NTSC encoded signal. + +#### **H.3.3.1.13 SERVICE\_TYPE\_DATA\_BROADCAST** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_DATA\_BROADCAST = 12 + +Description: service type – Data broadcasting service. + +#### **H.3.3.1.14 SERVICE\_TYPE\_RESERVED\_FOR\_CI** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_RESERVED\_FOR\_CI = 13 + +Description: service type – reserved for Common Interface Usage. + +#### **H.3.3.1.15 SERVICE\_TYPE\_RCS\_MAP** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_RCS\_MAP = 14 + +Description: service type – RCS Map. + +#### **H.3.3.1.16 SERVICE\_TYPE\_RCS\_FLS** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_RCS\_FLS = 15 + +Description: service type – RCS FLS. + +#### **H.3.3.1.17 SERVICE\_TYPE\_DVB\_MHP** + +Prototype: public static final short SERVICE\_TYPE\_DVB\_MHP = 16 + +Description: service type – DVB MHP service. + +### **H.3.3.2 Method** + +#### **H.3.3.2.1 getDvbLocator** + +Prototype: public org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator getDvbLocator() + +Description: Getting the locator of the service corresponding to the program service object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object, indicating a service locator. + +#### **H.3.3.2.2 getNetworkID** + +Prototype: public int getNetworkID() + +Description: Getting the network ID of the network to which the program service object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the network ID of the network to which the program service object belongs. + +#### **H.3.3.2.3 getServiceName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getServiceName() + +Description: Getting the name of the service corresponding to the program service object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the service name. + +#### **H.3.3.2.4 getServiceLogicNumber** + +Prototype: public int getServiceLogicNumber() + +Description: Getting the logical channel number of the service corresponding to the program service object. + +NOTE – The method of getting the logical channel number is determined by the system itself. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the service logic channel number. + +#### **H.3.3.2.5 getServiceType** + +Prototype: public int getServiceType() + +Description: Getting the type of service corresponding to the program service object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating a service type. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition "Service Type" of the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService interface. + +#### **H.3.3.2.6 getCAFreeMode** + +Prototype: public boolean getCAFreeMode() + +Description: Getting whether the service corresponding to the program service object is scrambled. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, indicating whether the service is scrambled, true value indicating scrambled, and false value indicating not scrambled. + +#### **H.3.3.2.7 getPresentProgramEvent** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent getPresentProgramEvent() + +Description: Getting a current program event of the service corresponding to the program service object. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent object, indicating the current program event. + +#### **H.3.3.2.8 getFollowingProgramEvent** + +Prototype: public ProgramEvent getFollowingProgramEvent() + +Description: Getting a subsequent program event of the service corresponding to the program service object. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent object, indicating the subsequent program event. + +#### **H.3.3.2.9 getProgramEvents** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent[] getProgramEvents + +(ProgramEventFilter filter) + +Description: Getting the program event (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent) object contained in the program service object according to the specified filter. + +Parameter: filter – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEventFilter object, indicating the program event filter. If the parameter is null, it means to get all program events. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent object array, indicating the program events contained in the program service object. If there is no program event object that meets the filter conditions, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **H.3.3.2.10 getEPGManager** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager getEPGManger() + +Description: Getting the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance to which the program service object belongs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager object, indicating the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance to which the program service object belongs. + +#### **H.3.4 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramServiceFilter** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramServiceFilter + +Description: An EPG program service query filter interface, implemented by the application layer. + +##### **H.3.4.1 Method** + +###### **H.3.4.1.1 accept** + +Prototype: public boolean accept(org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService programService) + +Description: Determining whether the program service meets the filter conditions, the filtering behavior being implemented by the application. + +Parameter: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.programService – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object, indicating the program service object to be filtered. + +Return: A boolean type, indicating the determination result, true value indicating that the filter condition is met, and false indicating that the filter condition is not met. + +#### **H.3.5 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateListener extends java.util.EventListener + +Description: EPG information update event listener, implemented by the application program. + +##### **H.3.5.1 Method** + +###### **H.3.5.1.1 onUpdate** + +Prototype: public void onUpdate(org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateEvent event) + +Description: EPG information update processing method. + +Parameter: event – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateEvent object, indicating EPG information update event. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.3.6 Class org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager + +Description: EPG Information Manager, providing a method to obtain EPG information, and being the entry class of the EPG unit. + +##### **H.3.6.1 Method** + +###### **H.3.6.1.1 getEPGManager** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager[] getEPGManager() + +Description: Getting an instance of the EPG manager. The receiving terminal may have multiple broadcast network interfaces (such as simultaneous connection to a wired network and a national + +standard terrestrial wireless network), and each network interface corresponds to an EPG manager instance. If there are multiple networks, this method will return multiple EPG manager instances. + +Return: An EPGManager object array, indicating an instance of the EPG manager. In a system with only one network interface, the length of the array is 1. + +NOTE – When implementing the system, the following special scenarios need to be considered: + +- Scenario 1 – The same physical network interface is connected to multiple broadcast networks. For example, the ground wireless Tuner may be connected to the wireless networks of different operators. In this scenario, there is only one instance of org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager; +- Scenario 2 – Multiple physical network interfaces are connected to the same broadcast network. For example, a receiver with PVR function has two or more Tuners connected to the same network at the same time. In this scenario, it corresponds to multiple EPGManager instances. + +#### **H.3.6.1.2 getNetworkIDs** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Integer[] getNetworkIDs() + +Description: Getting the network IDs of the networks corresponding to this org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An integer object array, indicating network IDs of the networks corresponding to this org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance. + +NOTE – In the scenario where the same physical network interface is connected to multiple broadcast networks, an array will be returned. + +#### **H.3.6.1.3 getNetworkName** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getNetworkName(int networkId) + +Description: Getting the name of the network corresponding to this EPGManager instance specified by the parameter networkId. + +Parameter: networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the name of the network corresponding to the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance specified by the parameter networkId. + +#### **H.3.6.1.4 addUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public void addUpdateListener(org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateListener listener) + +Description: Register an EPG update event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateListener object, indicating the EPG update event listener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.3.6.1.5 removeUpdateListener** + +Prototype: public void removeUpdateListener(org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateListener listener) + +Description: Unregister an EPG update event listener. + +Parameter: listener – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateListener object, indicating the EPG update event listener to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.3.6.1.6 getService** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService getService(int networkId, int logicNumber) + +throw Java.security.InvalidParameterException + +Description: Getting the program service (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService) object according to the service logic channel number. + +Parameter: networkId – Int type, indicating the network identifier of the network to which the broadcast service belongs; + +logicNumber – Int type, indicating the logical channel number of the broadcast service. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object, indicating a program service. + +Exception: java.security.InvalidParameterException – If the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object specified by the parameters networkId and logicNumber does not exist, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.3.6.1.7 getService** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService getService + +(org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator serviceLocator) + +throw java.security.InvalidParameterException + +Description: Getting the program service (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService) object according to the DVB locator. + +Parameter: serviceLocator – An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object, indicating a service locator. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object, indicating a program service. + +Exception: A java.security.InvalidParameterException –If the parameter serviceLocator is invalid, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.3.6.1.8 getServices** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService[] getServices(ProgramServiceFilter filter) + +throw java.security.InvalidParameterException + +Description: Getting the program service (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService) object according to the specified filter. + +Parameter: filter – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramServiceFilter object, indicating the program service filter. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object array, indicating the program service that meets the filter conditions. If there is no org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object that meets the filter conditions, the length of the returned array is 0. + +Exception: A java.security.InvalidParameterException –If the parameter filter is null, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.3.6.1.9 getPresentFollowingEvent** + +Prototype: public ProgramService getPresentFollowingEvent( DvbNetworkBoundLocator locator) + +throws java.security.InvalidParameterException + +Description: A Synchronous method, getting PF information of the specified service, do not search Schedule. The return value is org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object, and the NVOD reference service may have multiple PFs. The method of the object org.ngb.toolkit.epg.getProgramEvents should return the PF information of the reference service in chronological order, namely: P[0]F[0]P[1]F[1]... P[n]F[n]. + +- If EPG PF information that meets the conditions is successfully found, the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object will be returned. Through the methods of the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object, the program events (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent) object can be further obtained; +- If the service specified by the parameter locator is in the current transport stream associated with this EPGManager instance, although whether the program event is obtained from the stream or the cache is determined by the system itself, it should be ensured that the program event obtained by this interface is the latest; +- If the service specified by the parameter locator is not in the current transport stream associated with this EPGManager instance, the program event should be obtained from the cache. + +Parameter: locator – An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object, indicating the locator of the service; + +Return: org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object. + +Exception: A java.security.InvalidParameterException–If the locator parameter cannot locate a service, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.3.6.1.10 getProgramService** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService getProgramService +(org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator locator, +java.util.Date beginDate, java.util.Date endDate) +throws java.security.InvalidParameterException, InvalidPeriodException + +Description: A Synchronous method, getting the program service (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService) object. The start and end time of the program event contained in the program service object is determined by the parameters beginDate and endDate. + +- If EPG information that meets the conditions is successfully found, the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object will be returned. Through the methods of the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object, the program event (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent) object can be further obtained; +- If the service specified by the parameter locator is in the current transport stream associated with this org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance, although whether the program event is obtained from the stream or the cache is determined by the system itself, it should be ensured that the program event obtained by this interface is the latest; +- If the service specified by the parameter locator is not in the current transport stream associated with this org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance, the program event should be obtained from the cache. + +Parameter: locator – An org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator object, indicating the locator of the service; + +beginDate – A java.util.Date object, indicating the start time of the program event contained in the program service object; + +endDate – A java.util.Date object, indicating the end time of the program event contained in the program service object. + +Return: org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object. + +Exception: A java.security.InvalidParameterException– If the locator parameter cannot locate a service, this exception is thrown. + +An `org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.InvalidPeriodException` – If the specified start and end time is invalid, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.3.6.1.11 getProgramService** + +Prototype: `public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService getProgramService(` + +`org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator locator, java.util.Date beginDate, int count, boolean isForward)` + +`throws java.security.InvalidParameterException` + +Description: A Synchronous method, getting the program service (`org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService`) object. The start and end time of the program event included in the program service object is determined by the parameters `beginDate`, `count` and `isForward`. + +- If EPG information that meets the conditions is successfully found, the `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService` object will be returned. Through the methods of the `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService` object, the program event (`org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent`) object can be further obtained; +- If the service specified is in the current transport stream associated with this `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager` instance, although whether the program event is obtained from the stream or the cache is determined by the implementer itself, it should be ensured that the program event obtained by this interface is the latest; +- If the service specified is not in the current transport stream associated with this `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager` instance, the program event should be obtained from the cache. + +Parameter: `locator` – An `org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator` object, indicating the locator of the designated business; + +`beginDate` – A `java.util.Date` object, indicating the start time of the program event; + +`count` – Int type, indicating the number of program events to be searched; + +`isForward` – boolean type, true value indicating that the program events are obtained backwards from the specified time; false indicating that the program events are obtained forwards from the specified time. + +Return: `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService` object. + +Exception: A `java.security.InvalidParameterException`–If the `locator` parameter cannot locate a service, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.3.6.1.12 getProgramServices** + +Prototype: `public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService getProgramServices` + +`(org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramServiceFilter filter)` + +Description: A Synchronous method, getting the program service object according to the filter. The program service object will contain all available program event objects. + +- If EPG information that meets the conditions is successfully found, the `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService` object array will be returned, from which the searched program event (`org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent`) object can be obtained; +- If the service specified is in the current transport stream associated with this `org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager` instance, although whether the program event is obtained from the stream or the cache is determined by the implementer itself, it should be ensured that the program event obtained by this interface is the latest; + +- If the service specified is not in the current transport stream associated with this org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance, the program event should be obtained from the cache. + +Parameter: filter – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramServiceFilter object, a filter object implemented by the application. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object. + +### **H.3.6.1.13 getProgramServices** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService getProgramServices + +(org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramServiceFilter filter, + +java.util.Date beginDate, java.util.Date endDate) + +throws org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.InvalidPeriodException + +Description: An Asynchronous method, getting the program service (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService) object according to the filter. The start and end time of the program event included in the program service object is determined by the parameters beginDate and endDate. + +- If EPG information that meets the conditions is successfully found, the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object array will be returned, from which the searched program event (org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramEvent) object can be obtained; +- If the service specified is in the current transport stream associated with this org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance, although whether the program event is obtained from the stream or the cache is determined by the implementer itself, it should be ensured that the program event obtained by this interface is the latest; +- If the service specified is not in the current transport stream associated with this org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGManager instance, the program event should be obtained from the cache. + +Parameter: filter – An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramServiceFilter object, a filter object implemented by the application; + +beginDate – A java.util.Date object, indicating the start time of the program event; + +endDate – A java.util.Date object, indicating the end time of the program event. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object. + +Exception: An org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.InvalidPeriodException – If the specified time range is invalid, this exception is thrown. + +## **H.3.7 Event org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateEvent** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateEvent extends java.util.EventObject + +Description: An EPG information change event. + +### **H.3.7.1 Method** + +#### **H.3.7.1.1 getResult** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService[] getResult() + +Description: Getting the updated program service object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService object array, indicating the updated program service. + +### H.3.7.1.2 EPGUpdateEvent + +Prototype: protected EPGUpdateEvent(Object object, org.ngb.toolkit.epg.ProgramService[] result) + +Description: Construction method, creating an EPGUpdateEvent object. Not exposed to the application layer. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateEvent object, indicating the org.ngb.toolkit.epg.EPGUpdateEvent instance to which the program service object belongs. + +## H.4 Information search module + +The information search module provides classes and methods related to global search and matching search. The terms "global search" and "matching search" are defined as follows: + +Global search – Search for content such as SI, PVR, etc. according to the search conditions set by the user, and return meaningful search results to improve the user experience. + +Matching search – According to the user's input, a character string that can be matched in the current data source is given to shorten the time for the user to enter a querying keyword and reduce the difficulty for the user to enter the querying keyword. + +The information search module is divided into the following components: + +Search Manager (org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchManager) – An Entry class of the information search module; + +Global search session (org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession) – A session associated with the global search process; + +Matching search session (org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession) – A session associated with the ongoing matching search process. + +The summary of information search module is shown in Table H.3. + +**Table H.3 – Summary of information search module** + +| Interface | | +|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| AutoCompleteSearchListener | Matching search event listener, implemented by the application. | +| AutoCompleteSearchResultItem | It describes matching search results and provides methods to obtain various information about matching search results. | +| AutoCompleteSearchResultList | It describes a matching search result list object, and provides a method to access matching search result items. | +| AutoCompleteSearchSession | It describes a matching search session and provides a matching search session control method. | +| GlobalSearchListener | A Global search event listener, implemented by the application. | +| GlobalSearchResultItem | It describes a global search result object, and provides a method to access information relevant to the search result. | +| GlobalSearchResultList | It describes a global search result list object, and provides a method to get global search result items. | +| GlobalSearchSession | It describes a global search session and provides a global search session control method. | +| RetrieveDirection | It defines a search result search direction constant. | +| SearchContentType | Content type constant definition. | +| SearchCriteriaFlags | Filter condition tag definition. | + +**Table H.3 – Summary of information search module** + +| | | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| SearchFields | It provides an interface for setting search fields. | +| SearchHistoryItem | It describes a search history record and provides a method to get various information about the search history record. | +| SearchHistoryList | It describes a search history record list and provides a function of traversing the search history record list. | +| SearchStatus | It defines a search status constant. | +| SourceType | Search for data source constant definitions. | +| Class | | +| AutoCompleteSearchFilter | It describes an automatic matching search filter, provides methods for setting and obtaining matching search filter conditions. | +| GlobalSearchFilter | It describes a global search filter, provides methods for setting and obtaining global search filter conditions. | +| SearchManager | A search manager of global search and matching search, which is the entry class of the search function module. | +| SortCriteria | It defines a sorting constant and a sorting method. | +| Exception | | +| SearchException | It describes an exception when an error occurs in the global search. | + +**H.4.1 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchListener + +Description: A Matching search event listener, implemented by the application. Matching search events notified by the search engine to the application include: + +- Start of search session onAutoCompleteSearchStart(AutoCompleteSearchSession, int); +- End of search session onAutoCompleteSearchStop(AutoCompleteSearchSession, int); +- Destruction of search session onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy(AutoCompleteSearchSession, int); +- Error of search session onAutoCompleteSearchError(AutoCompleteSearchSession, int). + +**H.4.1.1 Method** + +**H.4.1.1.1 onAutoCompleteSearchStart** + +Prototype: void onAutoCompleteSearchStart + +(org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession searchSession, int status) + +Description: Call the startSearch() method of the AutoCompleteSearchSession object to complete the callback method after matching search. + +Parameter: searchSession – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession object, indicating the matching search session instance that issued this event; + +status – Int type, indicating the current matching search status. The value can be SearchStatus.COMPLETED. + +Return: None. + +**H.4.1.1.2 onAutoCompleteSearchStop** + +Prototype: void onAutoCompleteSearchStop(org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession searchSession, int status) + +Description: Call the `stopSearch()` method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession` object to stop the callback method after the matching search session. + +Parameter: `searchSession` – An `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession` object, indicating the matching search session instance that issued this event; + +`status` – Int type, indicating the current matching search status, and the value can be `SearchStatus.STOP_SUCCESS`. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.4.1.1.3 onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy** + +Prototype: `void onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy` + +(`org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession searchSession`, int `status`) + +Description: Call the `dispose()` method of the `AutoCompleteSearchSession` object to destroy the callback method after matching search session. + +Parameter: `searchSession` – An `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession` object, indicating the matching search session instance that issued this event; + +`status` – Int type, indicating the current matching search status, and the value can be `SearchStatus.DISPOSE_SUCCESS`. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.4.1.1.4 onAutoCompleteSearchError** + +Prototype: `void onAutoCompleteSearchError` + +(`org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession searchSession`, int `status`) + +Description: Callback method when there is an error in the matching search session. + +Parameter: `searchSession` – An `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession` object, indicating the matching search session instance that issued this event; + +`status` – Int type, indicating the current matching search status, the possible values are: + +- `SearchStatus.FAILED`; +- `SearchStatus.TIMEOUT`; +- `SearchStatus.STOP_FAILED`; +- `SearchStatus.DISPOSE_FAILED`. + +Return: None. + +### **H.4.2 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchResultItem** + +Prototype: `public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchResultItem` + +Description: It describes a matching search result and provides a method to obtain various information about the matching search result. + +#### **H.4.2.1 Method** + +##### **H.4.2.1.1 getSource** + +Prototype: `int getSource()` + +Description: Getting the data source that matches the search result. + +Return: Int type, indicating the data source that matches the search result. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "Search Data Source" of `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType` interface. + +#### **H.4.2.1.2 getString** + +Prototype: java.lang.String getString() + +Description: Getting a character string that matches the keyword entered by the user. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the character string that matches the keyword entered by the user. + +#### **H.4.3 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchResultList** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchResultList extends java.util.ListIterator + +Description: It describes a matching search result list object, and provides a method to access the matching search result items. + +NOTE – AutoCompleteSearchResultList is a collection of autocompletesearchresultitem objects. + +#### **H.4.4 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession + +Description: A Matching search session interface, providing matching search session control method. + +- The application calls the startsearch () method to start the matching search session; +- The application calls the stopsearch () method to stop matching search session; +- The application calls dispose () method to destroy the matching search session; +- The application calls the getsearchresultlist () method to get the matching search results; +- The search engine calls the callback method provided by the org.ngb.toolkit.search.autocompletesearchlistener object to inform the application of matching search status. + +``` +// Application gets the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object and fill it with default parameters. +AutoCompleteSearchFilter acFilter = AutoCompleteSearchFilter.getAutoCompleteSearchFilter(); +acFilter.setMaxResults(10); +acFilter.setSource(SourceType.ALL); +acFilter.setTimeLimit(250); +acFilter.setSearchField(SearchFields.TITLE); +acFilter.setSearchLanguage("zho"); //Search Chinese +SearchManager searchManager = SearchManager.getInstance(); +// Get the auto complete search object +AutoCompleteSearchSession acSearch = searchManager.getAutoCompleteSearchSession(acFilter, +this); +// User entered some characters and waits for the Auto complete List to be displayed to them. +// EPG start the auto complete search +acSearch.startSearch(searchString); +// Engine start the search with middleware and then wait for notification when search is success. +// Once available, Engine notifies EPG with the search status. +// listener.onSearchStart(acSearch, SearchStatus.COMPLETED); +``` + +``` + +// EPG can now fetch the auto complete result list. +AutoCompleteSearchResultList acList = acSearch.getSearchResultList(); +// The list is an iteration and hence EPG can iterate through the list fetching the elements. +// If at any instant of time, if EPG want to stop the on going search +// may be because user has entered another character before the previous search +// is completed or may be middleware is taking more time for search +acSearch.stopSearch(); +// When the auto complete search object is no more in use, then +// Application should dispose() the search object to make sure that the search +// session is destroyed and all resources are freed properly. +acSearch.dispose(); + +``` + +#### H.4.4.1 Method + +##### H.4.4.1.1 startSearch + +Prototype: void startSearch(java.lang.String searchStr) + +throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException, java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Start a new matching search request. Once the search is completed, the search engine will inform the application to get the search results. After starting the search, the application needs to wait for the searchstatus.completed notification from the engine. Only after receiving the notification can the application successfully obtain the results. + +###### NOTE: + +- If the timeout of autocompletesearchfilter is set to 0, the search will not stop until the stopsearch() method is explicitly called. +- Get the autocompletesearchresultlist object by calling getsearchresultlist() method, and terminate the previous search request by calling stopsearch() method. If the matching search session is no longer used, call dispose() method to close the search session and release resources. +- Only one matching search session can be active at the same time. During this period, the startsearch() and stopsearch() methods can be called repeatedly. If the matching search session is no longer needed, the dispose() method should be called to close the search session and release resources. +- The search results are stored in the same cache. Once a new search is started, the old autocompletesearchresultlist object can no longer be used to get the previous search results. + +Parameter: searchStr – A java.lang.String object, indicating a character string entered by the user. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the start session request operation fails, this exception is thrown; + +java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +##### H.4.4.1.2 stopSearch + +Prototype: void stopSearch() throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Terminate the matching search request that was started before. + +NOTE – This method only stops the matching search, however, the matching search session is still valid, and the corresponding resources are not released. This method should be called forcibly in the following scenarios: + +- If the matching search session has started and the result is waiting to be returned, and the user has entered another character before the search engine returns the result, the `stopsearch()` method must be called to terminate the search; +- The timeout of the matching search filter is set to 0, which will wait for the search results. If there is no corresponding match results, the `stopsearch()` method must be called to terminate the search before starting another search. + +Tip: if the matching search has been completed, you do not need to call this method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException` – This exception is thrown if the matching search is not started or if the stop matching search fails. + +#### **H.4.4.1.3 dispose** + +Prototype: `void dispose()` throws `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException` + +Description: Destroy matching search session objects that are no longer needed. + +NOTE – After the matching search, once the session is no longer needed, the method must be called to release corresponding resources. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException` – If the matching search is not started or the destroy matching search session fails, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.4.1.4 getSearchResultList** + +Prototype: `AutoCompleteSearchResultList getSearchResultList()` + +throws `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException` + +Description: Getting the results of the matching search. + +NOTE – The `autocompletesearchlistener` object can only call this method after receiving the notification of `SearchStatus.COMPLETED`. The search results are stored in the same cache. Once a new matching search is initialized, the old `AutoCompleteSearchResultList` object can no longer be used to get the previous search results. + +Return: An `AutoCompleteSearchResultList` object, indicating a list of matching search results. + +Exception: `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException` – If the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchListener` object does not receive the notification of `SearchStatus.COMPLETED` (that is, when the matching search is not completed), the method is called, and this exception is thrown. + +### **H.4.5 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchListener** + +Prototype: `public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchListener` + +Description: Global search event listener, implemented by application. The matching search events notified by the search engine to the application include: + +- Start of search session `onGlobalSearchStart(GlobalSearchSession, int)`; +- End of search session `onGlobalSearchStop(GlobalSearchSession, int)`; +- Close of search session `onGlobalSearchDestroy(GlobalSearchSession, int)`; +- Error of search session `onGlobalSearchError(GlobalSearchSession, int)`; +- Get local data `onGlobalSearchRetrieval(GlobalSearchSession, int)`. + +#### **H.4.5.1 Method** + +##### **H.4.5.1.1 onGlobalSearchStart** + +Prototype: void onGlobalSearchStart(org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession searchSession, int status) + +Description: Call startsearch() method of org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession object to complete the callback method after global search. + +Parameter: searchSession – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession object, indicating the global search instance that issued this event; + +status – Int type, indicating the current global search status, the value can be: + +- SearchStatus.COMPLETED; +- SearchStatus.IN\_PROGRESS; +- SearchStatus.INITIATED. + +Return: None. + +##### **H.4.5.1.2 onGlobalSearchStop** + +Prototype: void onGlobalSearchStop(org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession searchSession, int status) + +Description: Call stopSearch() method of org.ngb.toolkit.search.globalsearchsession object to stop the callback method after global search. + +Parameter: searchSession – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession object, indicating the global search session instance that issued this event; + +status – Int type, indicating the current global search status, the value can be SearchStatus.STOP\_SUCCESS. + +Return: None. + +##### **H.4.5.1.3 onGlobalSearchDestroy** + +Prototype: void onGlobalSearchDestroy(org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession searchSession, int status) + +Description: Call the dispose () method of the GlobalSearchSession object to destroy the callback method after the global search session. + +Parameter: searchSession – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession object, indicating the global search session instance that issued this event; + +status – Int type, indicating the current global search status, the value can be SearchStatus.DISPOSE\_SUCCESS. + +Return: None. + +##### **H.4.5.1.4 onGlobalSearchError** + +Prototype: void onGlobalSearchError(org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession searchSession, int status) + +Description: Callback method for global search session error. + +Parameter: searchSession – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession object, indicating the global search session instance that issued this event; + +status – Int type, indicating the global search status, the value can be: + +- SearchStatus.FAILED; + +- SearchStatus.INTERRUPTED; +- SearchStatus.TIMEOUT\_STOP\_FAILED; +- SearchStatus.TIMEOUT; +- SearchStatus.DISPOSE\_FAILED; +- SearchStatus.RETRIEVAL\_FAILED; +- SearchStatus.RETRIEVAL\_INSUFFICIENT; +- SearchStatus.STOP\_FAILED. + +#### **H.4.5.1.5 onGlobalSearchRetrieval** + +Prototype: void onGlobalSearchRetrieval(org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession searchSession, int status) + +Description: Callback method for global search to obtain partial search results. + +Parameter: searchSession – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession object, indicating the global search session instance that issued this event; + +status – Int type, indicating the global search status, the value can be SearchStatus.RETRIEVAL\_SUCCESS. + +Return: None. + +#### **H.4.6 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultItem** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultItem + +Description: It describes a global search result and provides a method to access the information related to the search result. + +##### **H.4.6.1 Method** + +###### **H.4.6.1.1 getContent** + +Prototype: java.lang.Object getContent() + +Description: Getting the object associated with this search result. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: java.lang.Object object, the object may be of SIEvent type. + +The application should further determine the type of the returned object through instanceof method. + +#### **H.4.7 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultList** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultList extends java.util.ListIterator + +Description: It describes the global search result list object, and provides a method to obtain global search result items. + +NOTE – The org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultList is a collection of org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultItem. + +#### **H.4.8 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession + +Description: Global search session interface, providing global search session control method. + +- The application calls the startSearch () method to start the global search session; +- The application calls stopSearch () method to stop the global search session; + +- The application calls `dispose ()` method to destroy the global search session and release resources; +- The application calls `retrievePage ()` method to navigate among the first page, the next page and the previous page; +- The application calls the `getSearchResultList ()` method to obtain the search results; +- The search engine calls the method provided by the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchListener` object to inform the application of the global search status. + +NOTE – The application calls `setPageSize()` to set the page size. If the page size is not set, the default value `DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE` will be used. + +``` +// If application want to filter the search results by providing advanced criteria, +// like if they want to filter on broadcast events, which will be broadcasted +// between 10 AM and 10 PM, +// with genre ALL, with parental rating as 13 and star rating between 2-5 +// Application gets the GlobalSearchFilter object and fill it with required +// parameters. +GlobalSearchFilter gsFilter = GlobalSearchFilter.getGlobalSearchFilter(); +gsFilter.setSource(BROADCAST); +gsFilter.setMaxResults(5); +// Fills the advanced criteria +gsFilter.setCategory(MAIN_CATEGORY_ALL, SUB_CATEGORY_ALL); +gsFilter.setTimeLimit(1500); // 1.5 secs +gsFilter.setSearchField(TITLE); // search only in title. +// Sort criteria +SortCriteria sortCriteria = new SortCriteria(); +sortCriteria.setOrder(SORT_ORDER_ASCENDING); +sortCriteria.setType(SORT_TYPE_TITLE); +SearchManager searchManager = SearchManager.getInstance(); +// Get the global search object. +GlobalSearchSession gsSearch = searchManager.getGlobalSearchSession(gsFilter, sortCriteria, +this); +// start the global search +gsSearch.startSearch(searchString); +// Engine start the search with middleware and then wait for notification when +// search is success. +// Once available, Engine notifies EPG with the search status. +// listener.onGlobalSearchStart(gsSearch, SearchStatus.INITIATED); +// Application can update the UI indicating the initiated status. +// Engine notifies the in progress notification. +``` + +``` + +// listener.onGlobalSearchStart(gsSearch, SearchStatus.IN_PROGRESS); +// EPG can now fetch the call the retrieve API to fetch the results. +gsSearch.setPageSize(6); +gsSearch.retrievePage(FIRST_PAGE); +// Engine notifies the retrieve status. +//listener.onGlobalSearchRetrieve(gsSearch, SearchStatus.RETRIEVAL_SUCCESS); +// EPG can now display the result list. +GlobalSearchResultList gsList = gsSearch.getSearchResultList(); +// The list is an iteration and hence EPG can iterate through the list fetching +// the elements. +// If at any instant of time, if EPG want to stop the on going search +// may be because user has pressed back key or explicitly stopped. +gsSearch.stopSearch(); +// When the global search object is no more in use, then +// Application should dispose() the search object to make sure that the search +// session is destroyed and all resources are freed properly. +gsSearch.dispose(); + +``` + +#### **H.4.8.1 Constant field – size of default service** + +##### **H.4.8.1.1 DEFAULT\_PAGE\_SIZE** + +Prototype: public static final int DEFAULT\_PAGE\_SIZE = 6 + +Description: The default page size of global search results is the number of search result items contained in each page. + +#### **H.4.8.2 Method** + +##### **H.4.8.2.1 startSearch** + +Prototype: void startSearch(java.lang.String searchStr) + +throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException, java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Start a new global search request. Once the search is completed, the search engine will notify the application to get the search results. After starting the search, the application needs to wait for the notification from the search engine. Only after receiving the notification, the application can successfully obtain the results. + +##### **NOTE:** + +- If the timeout of GlobalSearchFilter is set to 0, the search will stop only when the application explicitly calls the stopSearch() method. +- Get the GlobalSearchResultList object by calling the getSearchResultList() method, and terminate the previous search request that is still in progress by calling the stopSearch() method. If the global search session is no longer used, you should call the dispose() method to release it. +- Only one search session is active at the same time. The search results are stored in the same cache. Once a new search is started, the old GlobalSearchResultList object can no longer be used to obtain the previous search results. + +Parameter: searchStr – A java.lang.String object, indicating the character string entered by the user. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the operation of starting session request fails, this exception is thrown; + +java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.8.2.2 stopSearch** + +Prototype: void stopSearch() throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Terminate the global search request that has been started before. + +NOTE – This operation only terminates the global search, however, the global search session is still valid, and the corresponding resources are not released. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the search has not been started or the search fails to stop, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.8.2.3 dispose** + +Prototype: void dispose() throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Destroy global search session objects that are no longer needed. + +NOTE – After the global search is completed, once the session is no longer needed, this method must be called to release the corresponding resources. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the search is not started or the destroy operation fails, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.8.2.4 getPageSize** + +Prototype: int getPageSize() + +Description: Getting the number of items of the search results returned per page. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the page size currently set. + +#### **H.4.8.2.5 getResultCount** + +Prototype: int getResultCount() throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Getting the number of elements of the search result. If the search has not been completed and is partially updated, the number of results will also be updated according to the change of the search element. For each threshold limit, the application will receive a notification of SearchStatus.IN\_PROGRESS. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the number of elements of the search result. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the search has not started or has been terminated, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.8.2.6 getSearchResultList** + +Prototype: org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultList getSearchResultList() + +throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Getting global search results. + +NOTE – Before calling this method, the application needs to wait for notification. The list returned by this method only contains the main content list. The results are stored in the same cache. Once a new search is initialized, the old GlobalSearchResultList object can no longer be used to obtain the previous search results. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchResultList object, indicating a list of global search results. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the search has not started or has been terminated, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.8.2.7 retrievePage** + +Prototype: void retrievePage(int retrieveDirection) + +throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException, java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Getting the data of the first page, the next page, or the previous page from the search result list. + +Parameter: retrieveDirection – Int type, it is used to specify the result of obtaining the first page, the previous page or the next page. The value can be NEXT\_PAGE, PREVIOUS\_PAGE or FIRST\_PAGE. For details, please refer to the "Search Direction" constant field definition of the RetrieveDirection interface. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If any failed operation occurs, this exception is thrown; + +java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the search direction is incorrect, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.8.2.8 saveRecentSearchQuery** + +Prototype: void saveRecentSearchQuery() throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Saving the latest search results. This method can only be called before initializing a search or destroying the object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the operation fails, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.8.2.9 setPageSize** + +Prototype: void setPageSize(int pageSize) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the number of items of the search results returned per page. + +If this method is not called to set the page size, the default page size is DEFAULT\_PAGE\_SIZE. + +Parameter: pageSize – Int type, indicating the number of results returned per page. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the parameter is less than or equal to 0 or exceeds the maximum value supported by the system, this exception is thrown. + +### **H.4.9 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.RetrieveDirection** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.RetrieveDirection + +Description: It defines find direction constant of the search result. + +#### **H.4.9.1 Constant field – find direction** + +##### **H.4.9.1.1 FIRST\_PAGE** + +Prototype: public static final int FIRST\_PAGE = 0 + +Description: Find direction – first page. + +##### **H.4.9.1.2 NEXT\_PAGE** + +Prototype: public static final int NEXT\_PAGE = 1 + +Description: Find direction – next page. + +##### **H.4.9.1.3 PREVIOUS\_PAGE** + +Prototype: public static final int PREVIOUS\_PAGE = 2 + +Description: Find direction – previous page. + +#### **H.4.10 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchContentType** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchContentType + +Description: Content type constant definition. + +##### **H.4.10.1 Constant field – content type** + +###### **H.4.10.1.1 ALL** + +Prototype: public static final int ALL = 0 + +Description: Content type – Audio and video. + +###### **H.4.10.1.2 AUDIO\_ONLY** + +Prototype: public static final int AUDIO\_ONLY = 1 + +Description: Content type – Audio. + +###### **H.4.10.1.3 VIDEO\_ONLY** + +Prototype: public static final int VIDEO\_ONLY = 2 + +Description: Content type – Video. + +#### **H.4.11 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchCriteriaFlags** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchCriteriaFlags + +Description: Filter condition tag definition. + +##### **H.4.11.1 Constant field – filter condition** + +###### **H.4.11.1.1 FLAG\_NONE** + +Prototype: public static final int FLAG\_NONE = 0 + +Description: Filter condition flag – none. + +###### **H.4.11.1.2 FLAG\_SD\_EVENT** + +Prototype: public static final int FLAG\_SD\_EVENT = 1 + +Description: Filter condition flag – Filter standard definition (2D) content. + +###### **H.4.11.1.3 FLAG\_HD\_EVENT** + +Prototype: public static final int FLAG\_HD\_EVENT = 2 + +Description: Filter condition flag – Filter high definition (2D) content. + +#### **H.4.11.1.4 FLAG\_3D\_CONTENT** + +Prototype: public static final int FLAG\_3D\_CONTENT = 4 + +Description: Filter condition flag – Filter 3D content. + +#### **H.4.11.1.5 FLAG\_CLEAR** + +Prototype: public static final int FLAG\_CLEAR = 32 + +Description: Filter condition flag – Filter unscrambled content. + +#### **H.4.11.1.6 FLAG\_SCRAMBLED** + +Prototype: public static final int FLAG\_SCRAMBLED = 64 + +Description: Filter condition flag – Filter scrambled content. + +### **H.4.12 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchFields** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchFields + +Description: Providing an interface for setting search fields. + +#### **H.4.12.1 Constant field – search field** + +##### **H.4.12.1.1 ALL\_STRING\_FIELDS** + +Prototype: public static final int ALL\_STRING\_FIELDS = 0 + +Description: Searching all information. + +##### **H.4.12.1.2 SYNOPSIS** + +Prototype: public static final int SYNOPSIS = 1 + +Description: Searching only in synopsis. + +##### **H.4.12.1.3 TITLE** + +Prototype: public static final int TITLE = 2 + +Description: Searching only in title. + +### **H.4.13 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchHistoryItem** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchHistoryItem + +Description: It describes a search history record and provides methods to obtain various information about the search history record. + +#### **H.4.13.1 Method** + +##### **H.4.13.1.1 getContentType** + +Prototype: public int getContentType() + +Description: Getting the content type of the search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the content type of the search. For the value, please refer to the "content type" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchContentType interface. + +##### **H.4.13.1.2 getCriteriaFlags** + +Prototype: public int getCriteriaFlags() + +Description: Getting a criteria flag of the search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating search criteria flag. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "filter condition" of org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchCriteriaFlags interface. + +#### **H.4.13.1.3 getSearchField** + +Prototype: public int getSearchField() + +Description: Getting the search field for this search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the search field. For the value, see the constant field definition of "Search Source" of org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchFields interface for details. + +#### **H.4.13.1.4 getSearchString** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getSearchString() + +Description: Getting the matching character string for this search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating search matching character string. + +#### **H.4.13.1.5 getSortCriteria** + +Prototype: public SortCriteria getSortCriteria() + +Description: Getting sorting information of the search results of the search, such as sorting method and type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria object, indicating the sorting information of search results. + +#### **H.4.13.1.6 getSources** + +Prototype: public int getSources() + +Description: Getting the search data source for this search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the search data source. For the value, see the constant field definition of "Search Data Source" of the SourceType interface for details. + +### **H.4.14 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchHistoryList** + +Prototype: public interface SearchHistoryList extends java.util.ListIterator + +Description: It describes the search history record list and provides the function of traversing the search history record list. + +NOTE – SearchHistoryList is a collection of SearchHistoryItem. + +### **H.4.15 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchStatus** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchStatus + +Description: A search status interface defines the search status constant. + +#### **H.4.15.1 Constant field – search status** + +##### **H.4.15.1.1 INITIATED** + +Prototype: public static final byte INITIATED = 0 + +Description: search status – Initialization is completed. + +NOTE – Only valid for global search. + +##### **H.4.15.1.2 IN\_PROGRESS** + +Prototype: public static final byte IN\_PROGRESS = 1 + +Description: Search status – Ongoing. This status means that from now on, search results (but not all) can be provided to the application. + +NOTE – Only valid for global search. + +##### **H.4.15.1.3 COMPLETED** + +Prototype: public static final byte COMPLETED = 2 + +Description: Search status – end. This status indicates that the search is complete and all results can be searched. + +##### **H.4.15.1.4 INTERRUPTED** + +Prototype: public static final byte INTERRUPTED = 3 + +Description: Search status – interrupted. When the search is in progress, the application calls the `stopSearch()` method of the `GlobalSearchSession` object to stop the search, and the application will be notified. + +NOTE – Only valid for global search. + +##### **H.4.15.1.5 TIMEOUT** + +Prototype: public static final byte TIMEOUT = 4 + +Description: Search status – The search automatically stops after timeout. If the result is not searched within the timeout period, the application will be notified of this status. This state also indicates that the search has stopped successfully, and the application does not need to call the `stopSearch()` method of the `GlobalSearchSession` object or the `stopSearch()` method of the `AutoCompleteSearchSession` object to explicitly stop the search. + +##### **H.4.15.1.6 TIMEOUT\_STOP\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final byte TIMEOUT\_STOP\_FAILED = 5 + +Description: Search status – The search fails to stop after the timeout. If the result is not searched within the timeout period, the application will be notified of this status. This state also indicates that the search was not successfully stopped, and the application should call the `stopSearch()` method of the `GlobalSearchSession` object to explicitly stop the search. + +NOTE – Only valid for global search. + +##### **H.4.15.1.7 FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final byte FAILED = 6 + +Description: Search status – The search failed. This status indicates that the start of the search failed, and no results can be returned to the application. + +##### **H.4.15.1.8 STOP\_SUCCESS** + +Prototype: public static final byte STOP\_SUCCESS = 7 + +Description: Search status – The search was stopped successfully. + +#### **H.4.15.1.9 STOP\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final byte STOP\_FAILED = 8 + +Description: Search status – The search failed to stop. + +#### **H.4.15.1.10 DISPOSE\_SUCCESS** + +Prototype: public static final byte DISPOSE\_SUCCESS = 9 + +Description: Search status – The search is closed successfully. + +#### **H.4.15.1.11 DISPOSE\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final byte DISPOSE\_FAILED = 10 + +Description: Search status – The search failed to close. + +#### **H.4.15.1.12 RETRIEVAL\_SUCCESS** + +Prototype: public static final byte RETRIEVAL\_SUCCESS = 11 + +Description: Search status – Search results have been successfully retrieved. This status indicates that the cache is successful, and the application can obtain the search result list through the `getSearchResultList()` method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession` object. + +NOTE – Only valid for global search. + +#### **H.4.15.1.13 RETRIEVAL\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final byte RETRIEVAL\_FAILED = 12 + +Description: Search status – Failed to get search results. This status indicates that the search results cannot be retrieved due to some failure reasons, and the search result list cannot be obtained through the `getSearchResultList()` method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession` object. + +NOTE – Only valid for global search. + +#### **H.4.15.1.14 RETRIEVAL\_INSUFFICIENT** + +Prototype: public static final byte RETRIEVAL\_INSUFFICIENT = 13 + +Description: Search status – Not enough search results are available. This status indicates that it cannot be retrieved because there are not enough search results, and the list of search results cannot be obtained by calling `GlobalSearchSession.getSearchResultList()`. + +NOTE – Only valid for global search. + +### **H.4.16 Interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType + +Description: Search for data source constant definitions. + +#### **H.4.16.1 Constant field – search data source** + +##### **H.4.16.1.1 ALL** + +Prototype: public static final int ALL = 0 + +Description: Search data source – Search from effective data sources such as SI information database and local recorded programs. + +##### **H.4.16.1.2 BROADCAST** + +Prototype: public static final int BROADCAST = 1 + +Description: Search data source – Only search SI information database. + +#### **H.4.16.1.3 RECORDED** + +Prototype: public static final int RECORDED = 2 + +Description: Search data source – Only search locally recorded/downloaded content. + +#### **H.4.17 Class org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchFilter** + +Prototype: public abstract class org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchFilter + +Description: Matching search filter, providing matching search filter condition setting and obtaining method. The filter conditions can be: + +- Search data sources; +- Search field; +- Language of text information; +- Maximum number of results returned; +- Search timeout time limit. + +NOTE – The application uses AutoCompleteSearchFilter to obtain the following effects: According to the specified search data source and search field, a list of prompt character strings that match the characters input by the user are listed within the timeout time limit, and the number of character strings is less than or equal to the maximum value set by the application. + +##### **H.4.17.1 Constant field – default maximum number of search results** + +###### **H.4.17.1.1 DEFAULT\_MAX\_AUTO\_COMPLETE\_SEARCH\_RESULTS** + +Prototype: public static final int DEFAULT\_MAX\_AUTO\_COMPLETE\_SEARCH\_RESULTS = 10 + +Description: Constant – It defines the default maximum number of search results. + +This constant is the maximum value of the default search result. If the application needs to set it to another value, it can be achieved by calling the setMaxResults() method. + +##### **H.4.17.2 Method** + +###### **H.4.17.2.1 getAutoCompleteSearchFilter** + +Prototype: public static AutoCompleteSearchFilter getAutoCompleteSearchFilter() + +Description: Getting an instance of the AutoCompleteSearchFilter class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An AutoCompleteSearchFilter object, indicating an instance of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchFilter class implemented by the system. + +###### **H.4.17.2.2 getMaxResults** + +Prototype: public abstract int getMaxResults() + +Description: Getting the maximum number of results returned by a matching search. + +Parameter: None. + +NOTE – If the application is not set, DEFAULT\_MAX\_AUTO\_COMPLETE\_SEARCH\_RESULTS will be returned by default. + +Return: Int type, indicating the maximum number of results returned by matching search. + +#### **H.4.17.2.3 getSearchField** + +Prototype: public abstract int getSearchField() + +Description: Getting the fields that need to be found for matching search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the field to be found for matching search, for the value, see the constant field definition of "Search Field" of org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchFields interface for details. + +#### **H.4.17.2.4 getSearchLanguage** + +Prototype: public abstract String getSearchLanguage() + +Description: Getting the language type of the text information that matches the search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the language type of the text information for matching search. The three-letter language code follows the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. + +#### **H.4.17.2.5 getSource** + +Prototype: public abstract int getSource() + +Description: Getting the search data source that matches the search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the search data source of the matching search. For the value, see the constant field definition of "Search Data Source" of the SourceType interface. If the application does not set a matching search data source, it will return SourceType.ALL by default. + +#### **H.4.17.2.6 getTimeLimit** + +Prototype: public abstract int getTimeLimit() + +Description: Getting timeout time limit for matching search. + +NOTE – If the application does not set a timeout time limit, it will return 0 by default. + +Return: Int type, indicating the timeout time limit of matching search, in milliseconds. + +#### **H.4.17.2.7 setMaxResults** + +Prototype: public abstract void setMaxResults(int maxResults) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the maximum number of results returned by matching search. + +Parameter: maxResults – Int type, indicating the maximum number of results returned by matching search. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If maxResults is less than or equal to 0 or exceeds the maximum value supported by the system, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.17.2.8 setSearchField** + +Prototype: public abstract void setSearchField(int searchField) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the fields to be found for matching search. The search engine will search the following fields in the database: + +- Title; + +- Keyword; +- Synopsis. + +Parameter: `searchField` – Int type, indicating the scope of the search field, for the value, see the constant field definition of "Search Field" of `SearchFields` interface for details. + +Return: None. + +Exception: `java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` – If the input parameter `searchField` is not defined in the "search field" constant field of the `SearchFields` interface, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.17.2.9 setSearchLanguage** + +Prototype: `public abstract void setSearchLanguage(java.lang.String iso639code) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` + +Description: Setting the language type of the text information that matches the search. + +NOTE – Only one search language can be set in a matching search. If it is not set, the default language is "zho". + +Parameter: `iso639code` – A `java.lang.String` object, indicating the language type of the text information for matching search. The three-letter language code follows the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. + +Return: None. + +Exception: `java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` – If the input parameter `iso639code` does not meet the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.17.2.10 setSource** + +Prototype: `public abstract void setSource(int sourceType) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` + +Description: Setting the search data source for matching search. + +NOTE – If the application does not set a matching search data source, `SourceType.ALL` will be used by default. + +Parameter: `sourceType` – Int type, indicating the data source of the matching search. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "Search Data Source" of `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType` interface. + +Return: None. + +Exception: `java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` – If the search source specified by the parameter `sourceType` is not defined in the "search data source" constant field of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType` interface, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.17.2.11 setTimeLimit** + +Prototype: `public abstract void setTimeLimit(int timeLimit) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` + +Description: Setting the timeout time limit for matching search. + +NOTE – If the timeout period is set, no matter whether there is a matching result or not, the matching search will return when the timeout period is reached. + +Parameter: `timeLimit` – Int type, indicating the timeout period, in milliseconds. If you enter 0, it means always waiting. + +Return: None. + +Exception: `java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` – If the input parameter `timeLimit` is less than 0, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18 Class org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchFilter** + +Prototype: public abstract class org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchFilter + +Description: It describes a global search filter, provides methods for setting and obtaining global search filter conditions. The filter conditions can be: + +- Search data source; +- Search field; +- Language of text information; +- Maximum number of results returned; +- Search timeout time limit. + +NOTE – The application uses org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchFilter to obtain the following effects: According to the specified search data source and search field, the search result list that matches the keyword entered by the user is listed within the timeout time limit. The number of search results is less than or equal to the maximum value set by the application. + +##### **H.4.18.1 Constant field** + +###### **H.4.18.1.1 DEFAULT\_MAX\_GLOBAL\_SEARCH\_RESULTS** + +Prototype: public static final int DEFAULT\_MAX\_GLOBAL\_SEARCH\_RESULTS = 50 + +Description: Constant – it defines the default maximum number of search results. This constant is the maximum value of the default search results. If the application needs to set other values, it can be achieved by calling the setMaxResults(int) method. + +##### **H.4.18.2 Method** + +###### **H.4.18.2.1 getGlobalSearchFilter** + +Prototype: public static GlobalSearchFilter getGlobalSearchFilter() + +Description: Getting an instance of the GlobalSearchFilter class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchFilter object, indicating an instance of the GlobalSearchFilter class implemented by the system. + +###### **H.4.18.2.2 getContentNibble** + +Prototype: public abstract int getContentNibble() + +Description: Getting the class of the program to be filtered. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the class of the program to be filtered. + +###### **H.4.18.2.3 getContentType** + +Prototype: public abstract int getContentType() + +Description: Getting the content type of the program to be filtered. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the content type of the program to be filtered. See the "Content Type" constant field definition of the SearchContentType interface for the value. If the application does not call the setContentType() method to set this value, it will return SearchContentType.ALL by default. + +#### **H.4.18.2.4 getCriteriaFlags** + +Prototype: public abstract long getCriteriaFlags() + +Description: Getting the search criteria flag. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the search condition flag. For the value, please refer to the "filter condition" constant field definition of the SearchCriteriaFlags interface. If the application does not use the setCriteriaFlags() method to set this value, it will return SearchCriteriaFlags.FLAG\_NONE by default. + +#### **H.4.18.2.5 getMaxResults** + +Prototype: public abstract int getMaxResults() + +Description: Getting the maximum number of results returned by the global search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the maximum number of results returned by the global search. If the application is not set, DEFAULT\_MAX\_GLOBAL\_SEARCH\_RESULTS will be returned by default. + +#### **H.4.18.2.6 getSearchField** + +Prototype: public abstract int getSearchField() + +Description: Getting the fields to be found in the global search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the field to be found in the global search. For the value, please refer to the "search field" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchFields interface. + +#### **H.4.18.2.7 getSearchLanguage** + +Prototype: public abstract String getSearchLanguage() + +Description: Getting the language type of the text information for global search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A java.lang.String object, indicating the language type of the text information for global search. The three-letter language code follows the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. + +#### **H.4.18.2.8 getSource** + +Prototype: public abstract int getSource() + +Description: Getting the search data source of the global search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the search data source of the global search. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of the "search data source" of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType interface. If the application does not set the global search data source, it will return SourceType.ALL by default. + +#### **H.4.18.2.9 getThreshold** + +Prototype: public abstract int getThreshold() + +Description: Getting the threshold of search query results. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the threshold of search query results. If the application does not set a threshold, it will return 0 by default. + +#### **H.4.18.2.10 getTimeLimit** + +Prototype: public abstract int getTimeLimit() + +Description: Getting the timeout time limit of the global search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the timeout time limit for matching global search, in milliseconds. If the application does not set a timeout time limit, it will return 0 by default. + +#### **H.4.18.2.11 setContentNibble** + +Prototype: public abstract void setContentNibble(int contentNibble) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the class of the program to be filtered. + +Parameter: contentNibble – Int type, indicating the class of the program to be filtered. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.12 setContentType** + +Prototype: public abstract void setContentType(int contentType) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the content type of the program to be filtered. + +Parameter: contentType – Int type, indicating the content type of the program to be filtered. The possible values are SearchContentType.ALL, SearchContentType.AUDIO\_ONLY, SearchContentType.VIDEO\_ONLY, see the "Content Type" constant field definition of the SearchContentType interface for details. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter contentType is not defined in the constant field of the "content type" of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchContentType interface, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.13 setCriteriaFlags** + +Prototype: public abstract void setCriteriaFlags(long criteriaFlags) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting search criteria flags. + +Parameter: criteriaFlags – long type, indicating the search condition, see the "filter criteria" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchCriteriaFlags interface. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter criteriaFlags is not defined in the "filter criteria" constant field of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchCriteriaFlags interface, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.14 setMaxResults** + +Prototype: public abstract void setMaxResults(int maxResults) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the maximum number of results returned by the global search. + +Parameter: maxResults – Int type, indicating the maximum number of results returned by the global search. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter maxResults is less than or equal to 0 or exceeds the maximum value supported by the system, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.15 setSearchField** + +Prototype: public abstract void setSearchField(int searchField) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the fields to be found in the global search. The search engine will search the following fields in the database: + +- Title; +- Keyword; and +- Synopsis. + +Parameter: searchField – Int type, indicating the range of the search field. For the value, please refer to the "search field" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchFields interface. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the value of the input parameter searchField is not defined in the "search field" constant field of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchFields interface, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.16 setSearchLanguage** + +Prototype: public abstract void setSearchLanguage(java.lang.String iso639code) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the language type of text information for global search. + +NOTE – Only one language can be set in a global search. If it is not set, the default language is Chinese "zho". + +Parameter: iso639code – A java.lang.String object, indicating the language type of the text information for global search. The three-letter language code follows the provisions of GB/T 4880.2-2000. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter iso639code does not meet the requirements of GB/T 4880.2-2000, the exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.17 setSource** + +Prototype: public abstract void setSource(int sourceType) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the data source to perform the search. + +NOTE – If the application does not set the global search data source, SourceType.ALL will be used by default. + +Parameter: sourceType – Int type, indicating the global search data source. For the value, please refer to the "Search Data Source" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType interface. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the search source specified by the parameter sourceType is not defined in the "search data source" constant field of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SourceType interface, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.18 setThreshold** + +Prototype: public abstract void setThreshold(int thresholdLimit) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the threshold of search query results. Every time the threshold is reached, the application will receive a notification of SearchStatus.IN\_PROGRESS status. If the default threshold is set to 0, the application will receive a status notification of SearchStatus.COMPLETED. + +Parameter: thresholdLimit – Int type, indicating the threshold of search query results. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter thresholdLimit is less than 0, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.18.2.19 setTimeLimit** + +Prototype: public abstract void setTimeLimit(int timeLimit) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the timeout time limit for the global search. + +NOTE – If the timeout period is set, the global search will return when the timeout period is reached, regardless of whether there is a result. + +Parameter: timeLimit – Int type, indicating the timeout period, in milliseconds. If you enter 0, it means always waiting. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter timeLimit is less than 0, this exception is thrown. + +### **H.4.19 Class org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchManager + +Description: A search manager of global search and matching search, being the entry class of the search function module. + +The application must follow the following steps to implement the matching search function: + +- Create an AutoCompleteSearchFilter object; +- Call the getAutoCompleteSearchSession() method to obtain the AutoCompleteSearchSession object; +- Waiting for the user to enter the query character string; +- After the user input is complete, call the startSearch() method of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession object to start the matching search; +- Within the timeout period, once there are results, the search engine will notify the application of the search status, that is, notify the application through the callback method of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchListener object; +- After the application obtains the search status from the search engine, it calls the getSearchResultList() method of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession object to obtain a list of matching search results. + +The application must follow the following steps to realize the global search function: + +- Create `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchFilter` and `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria` and set the value of each field; +- Call the `getGlobalSearchSession()` method to get the `GlobalSearchSession` object; +- Call the `setPageSize()` method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession` object to set the number of search result items saved on each page; +- Waiting for the user to enter the query character string; +- After the user input is complete, call the `startSearch()` method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession` object to start the global search function; +- Within the timeout period, once there are results, the search engine will notify the application of the search status, that is, to notify the application through the callback method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchListener` object; +- After the application gets the search status from the search engine, it calls the `retrievePage()` method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession` object to obtain the paged search results; +- After the retrieval is successful, the application obtains the global search result list by calling the `getSearchResultList()` method of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession` object. + +Tip: Programmers should note that, whether it is global search or matching search, the number of sessions supported by the system are not unlimited. Therefore, the most effective means should be used to realize the search function. + +#### H.4.19.1 Method + +##### H.4.19.1.1 getInstance + +Prototype: `public static org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchManager getInstance()` + +Description: Getting the only instance of the `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchManager` class implemented by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An `org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchManager` class singleton. + +##### H.4.19.1.2 getAutoCompleteSearchSession + +Prototype: `public org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession getAutoCompleteSearchSession (org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchFilter filter, org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchListener listener) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` + +Description: Getting the matching search session object. Each matching search session object is an independent search session. In order to have multiple matching search sessions at the same time, the application needs not only to obtain different objects, but also to handle the corresponding callback function. + +Parameter: `filter` – An `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchFilter` object, indicating a matching search filter; + +`listener` – An `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchListener` object, indicating a matching search process listener. + +Return: An `org.ngb.toolkit.search.AutoCompleteSearchSession` object, indicating a matching search session instance. + +Exception: `java.lang.IllegalArgumentException` – If the input parameter is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.19.1.3 getGlobalSearchSession** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession getGlobalSearchSession + +(org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchFilter filter, +org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria sortCriteria, +org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchListener listener) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Getting the global search session object. Each global search session object is an independent search session. In order to have multiple global search sessions at the same time, the application needs not only to obtain different objects, but to also handle the corresponding callback function. According to the terminal capabilities, the system decides whether to support multiple global search sessions at the same time. + +Parameter: filter – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchFilter object, indicating a global search filter; + +sortCriteria – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria object, indicating the criteria for sorting search results; + +listener – An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchListener object, indicating a global search process listener. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.search.GlobalSearchSession object, indicating a global search session instance. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.19.1.4 getSearchHistory** + +Prototype: public SearchHistoryList getSearchHistory() + +throws org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Getting a list of historical search information. + +- If the application has completed some searches before this search, this list will contain the search records, and each item in the list contains information such as search keywords and search result sources; +- If the application has not performed any search before this search, no object list will be returned, and an exception of org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException is thrown to the application. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchHistoryList object, indicating history search records. If there is no history search record, null is returned. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the history search record fails to be obtained, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.19.1.5 clearHistory** + +Prototype: public void clearHistory() throws Org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException + +Description: Clearing history search records. At any time, the application can call this method to clear history search records to protect personal privacy. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException – If the history record fails to be cleared, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.20 Class org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria + +Description: The sorting constants and sorting methods are defined. + +##### **H.4.20.1 Constant field – sorting method** + +###### **H.4.20.1.1 SORT\_ORDER\_NONE** + +Prototype: public static final byte SORT\_ORDER\_NONE = 0 + +Description: Sorting method – None. + +###### **H.4.20.1.2 SORT\_ORDER\_ASCENDING** + +Prototype: public static final byte SORT\_ORDER\_ASCENDING = 1 + +Description: Sorting method – ascending. + +###### **H.4.20.1.3 SORT\_ORDER\_DESCENDING** + +Prototype: public static final byte SORT\_ORDER\_DESCENDING = 2 + +Description: Sorting method – descending. + +##### **H.4.20.2 Constant field – sorting element** + +###### **H.4.20.2.1 SORT\_TYPE\_NONE** + +Prototype: public static final int SORT\_TYPE\_NONE = 0 + +Description: Sorting element – Do not specify the sort field. + +###### **H.4.20.2.2 SORT\_TYPE\_TITLE** + +Prototype: public static final int SORT\_TYPE\_TITLE = 1 + +Description: Sorting element–Sorting based on title. + +###### **H.4.20.2.3 SORT\_TYPE\_START\_TIME** + +Prototype: public static final int SORT\_TYPE\_START\_TIME = 2 + +Description: Sorting element–Sorting based on start time. + +###### **H.4.20.2.4 SORT\_TYPE\_CONTENT\_NIBBLE** + +Prototype: public static final int SORT\_TYPE\_CONTENT\_NIBBLE = 15 + +Description: Sorting element–Sorting based on event type. + +##### **H.4.20.3 Method** + +###### **H.4.20.3.1 SortCriteria** + +Prototype: public SortCriteria() + +Description: A Construction method, creating a search sorting criterion object. + +Parameter: None. + +###### **H.4.20.3.2 getOrder** + +Prototype: public int getOrder() + +Description: Getting a sorting method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the sorting method. The possible values are SORT\_ORDER\_NONE, SORT\_ORDER\_ASCENDING or SORT\_ORDER\_DESCENDING. For details, please refer to the "Sorting Method" constant field definition of the SortCriteria interface. + +#### **H.4.20.3.3 setOrder** + +Prototype: public void setOrder(int order) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the sorting method of search results returned. + +Parameter: order – Int type, indicating the sorting method, and the possible values are SORT\_ORDER\_ASCENDING, SORT\_ORDER\_DESCENDING or SORT\_ORDER\_NONE. For details, see the "sorting method" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria interface. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.20.3.4 getType** + +Prototype: public int getType() + +Description: Getting the sorting elements. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating the sorting element, and the possible values are SORT\_TYPE\_NONE, SORT\_TYPE\_TITLE, SORT\_TYPE\_SOURCE, SORT\_TYPE\_START\_TIME. For details, please refer to the "sorting element" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SortCriteria interface. + +#### **H.4.20.3.5 setType** + +Prototype: public void setType(int sortType) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: Setting the sorting elements returned by the search results. + +Parameter: sortType – Int type, indicating the sorting element, and the possible values are SORT\_TYPE\_NONE, SORT\_TYPE\_TITLE, SORT\_TYPE\_SOURCE, SORT\_TYPE\_START\_TIME. For details, please refer to the "Sorting Element" constant field definition of the SortCriteria interface. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the input parameter is illegal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **H.4.21 Exception org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException extends java.lang.Exception + +Description: It describes the exception when an error occurs in the global search. The possible reasons for failure are: + +- Failed to start search; +- Failed to stop search; +- Failed to terminate search session; +- Failed to query search; + +- Failed to expand search; +- Failed to create result set. + +#### **H.4.21.1 Constant field – search exception** + +##### **H.4.21.1.1 SEARCH\_NOT\_STARTED\_PREVIOUSLY** + +Prototype: public static final int SEARCH\_NOT\_STARTED\_PREVIOUSLY = 100 + +Description: Search exception–indicating the search has not started. This exception is thrown when the application tries to stop or destroy an unstarted search. + +##### **H.4.21.1.2 SEARCH\_START\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int SEARCH\_START\_FAILED = 101 + +Description: Search exception–Search exception. + +##### **H.4.21.1.3 SEARCH\_STOP\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int SEARCH\_STOP\_FAILED = 102 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that stop of the search has failed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.4 SEARCH\_DISPOSE\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int SEARCH\_DISPOSE\_FAILED = 103 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that unregistration of the search has failed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.5 SEARCH\_RETRIEVAL\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int SEARCH\_RETRIEVAL\_FAILED = 104 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that retrieval of the search result has failed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.6 SEARCH\_EXPAND\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int SEARCH\_EXPAND\_FAILED = 105 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that expansion of the search has failed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.7 PREVIOUS\_SEARCH\_NOT\_COMPLETED** + +Prototype: public static final int PREVIOUS\_SEARCH\_NOT\_COMPLETED = 106 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that the previous search has not been completed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.8 RESULT\_LIST\_CREATION\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int RESULT\_LIST\_CREATION\_FAILED = 107 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that creation of the search result has failed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.9 SAVING\_HISTORY\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int SAVING\_HISTORY\_FAILED = 108 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that save of the search history record has failed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.10 CLEARING\_HISTORY\_FAILED** + +Prototype: public static final int CLEARING\_HISTORY\_FAILED = 109 + +Description: Search exception–indicating that clearance of the search history record has failed. + +##### **H.4.21.1.11 RETRIEVAL\_IN\_PROGRESS** + +Prototype: public static final int RETRIEVAL\_IN\_PROGRESS = 110 + +Description: Search exception—indicating that another search process is started before the current search process is completed. The application should not initiate a next new search request before a previous search is completed. + +#### **H.4.21.2 Method** + +##### **H.4.21.2.1 getMessageId** + +Prototype: public int getMessageId() + +Description: Getting an identifier of exception. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating an identifier of exception. For the value, please refer to the "search exception" constant field definition of the org.ngb.toolkit.search.SearchException class. + +## Annex I + +### JAVA-multi-screen interactive unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### I.1 Overview + +The multi-screen interactive LAN interface supported by this specification supports the finding and connection of the client and server in the LAN, as well as the JAVA interface provided by the multi-screen interactive component to the application. + +##### I.1.1 Scene description + +- 1 Assume that there are currently two TVOS system playback devices A and B, both A and B systems are connected to the same LAN. +- 2 The application of the A system uses startMultiScreenServer method to start multi-terminal linkage service through a multi-terminal linkage communication interface IMultiScreenService provided by the A system, and transmits multi-terminal linkage component information of the B system to the A system. +- 3 Next, the application uses findSPs method to search for the B system equipment under the same LAN, and realizes the connection with the B system through the A system with the connect method. +- 4 After the connection is successful, the A system program receives the connection status information through the IMultiScreenCallBack interface provided by the B system, and informs the A system of the connection status with the onConnected method. At this point, multi-terminal linkage communication between systems A and B have accomplished. The application program can use methods such as inputKeyCode provided by IMultiScreenService and IMultiScreenCallBack interfaces to transfer the operation data information of the A system, or more video data information, to the B system, and realize related operations and playings on the B system. + +#### I.2 Multi-screen interactive module + +The multi-screen interactive module can realize the functions of the application client to find, connect, and control the server equipment in the LAN. + +The summary of the multi-screen interactive module is shown in Table I.1. + +**Table I.1 – Summary of multi-screen interactive module** + +| Interface | | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| IMultiScreenService | A functional interface used to support multi-screen interactive component services in a LAN environment. | +| IMultiScreenCallBack | A remote access interface provided by the multi-screen interactive component to the outside. | + +##### I.2.1 Interface org.tvos.multiscreen.IMultiScreenService + +Prototype: public interface org.tvos.multiscreen.IMultiScreenService + +Description: A functional interface used to support multi-screen interactive component services in a LAN environment. + +### **I.2.1.1 Constant field – command type** + +#### **I.2.1.1.1 START\_MULTISCREENSERVER** + +Prototype: public static final int START\_MULTISCREENSERVER = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 0) + +Description: Start the server. + +#### **I.2.1.1.2 STOP\_MULTISCREENSERVER** + +Prototype: public static final int STOP\_MULTISCREENSERVER = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 1) + +Description: Stop the server. + +#### **I.2.1.1.3 START\_MULTISCREENCLIENT** + +Prototype: public static final int START\_MULTISCREENCLIENT = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 2) + +Description: Start the client. + +#### **I.2.1.1.4 STOP\_MULTISCREENCLIENT** + +Prototype: public static final int STOP\_MULTISCREENCLIENT = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 3) + +Description: Disconnect the client. + +#### **I.2.1.1.5 FIND\_SPS** + +Prototype: public static final int FIND\_SPS = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 4) + +Description: Find the server. + +#### **I.2.1.1.6 CONNECT** + +Prototype: public static final int CONNECT = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 5) + +Description: Connect the server. + +#### **I.2.1.1.7 SET\_CALLBACK** + +Prototype: public static final int SET\_CALLBACK = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 6) + +Description: Setting callback. + +#### **I.2.1.1.8 QUERY\_INFO** + +Prototype: public static final int QUERY\_INFO = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 7) + +Description: Query information. + +#### **I.2.1.1.9 EXEC\_CMD** + +Prototype: public static final int EXEC\_CMD = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 8) + +Description: Execute the command. + +#### **I.2.1.1.10 INPUT\_KEYCODE** + +Prototype: public static final int INPUT\_KEYCODE = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 9) + +Description: Call the key. + +#### **I.2.1.1.11 NOTIFY\_ALL\_REMOTE** + +Prototype: public static final int NOTIFY\_ALL\_REMOTE = +(IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 10) + +Description: Notifying all LAN devices. + +#### **I.2.1.2 Method** + +##### **I.2.1.2.1 startMultiScreenServer** + +Prototype: public int startMultiScreenServer(java.lang.String spName, java.lang.String spDeviceType, java.lang.String spServiceInfo, java.lang.String spVersion, String ipAddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, starting multi-screen interactive component server. + +Parameter: spName – java.lang.String type, name of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – java.lang.String type, version of multi-screen interactive component server; + +deviceType – java.lang.String type, device type of multi-screen interactive component server; + +port – int type, device port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +##### **I.2.1.2.2 stopMultiScreenServer** + +Prototype: public int stopMultiScreenServer() throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, stopping multi-screen interactive component server. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +##### **I.2.1.2.3 startMultiScreenClient** + +Prototype: public int startMultiScreenClient(java.lang.String clientName) throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, starting multi-screen interactive component client. + +Parameter: clientName – java.lang.String type, inputing parameter, name of the multi-screen interactive component client. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +##### **I.2.1.2.4 stopMultiScreenClient** + +Prototype: public int stopMultiScreenClient() throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, closing the multi-screen interactive component client. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +##### **I.2.1.2.5 findSPs** + +Prototype: public int findSPs() throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, searching the multi-screen interactive service component equipment under the LAN. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.1.2.6 connect** + +Prototype: public int connect(java.lang.String spName, java.lang.String spDeviceType, java.lang.String spServiceInfo, java.lang.String spVersion, java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, connected to the device of the multi-screen interactive service component server in the LAN. + +Parameter: spName – java.lang.String type, input parameter, name of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spDeviceType – java.lang.String type, input parameter, device type of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spServiceInfo – java.lang.String type, input parameter, service information of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – java.lang.String type, input parameter, version of multi-screen interactive component server; + +ipaddress – java.lang.String type, input parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, input parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, input parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.1.2.7 setCallBack** + +Prototype: public int setCallBack(org.tvos.os.IBinder ibinder) throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, setting up a remote call callback interface. + +Parameter: ibinder – org.tvos.os.IBinder object, input parameter, remote interface callback instance. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.1.2.8 queryInfo** + +Prototype: public int queryInfo(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String cmdid, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String params) throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, multi-screen interactive component client requesting to obtain information. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, input parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, input parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, input parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +cmdid – java.lang.String type, input parameter, instruction id of request information; + +attribute – java.lang.String type, input parameter, instruction name of request information; + +params – java.lang.String type, input parameter, instruction parameter of request information. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.1.2.9 execCmd** + +Prototype: public int execCmd(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String cmd, java.lang.String param)throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, multi-screen interactive component client requesting to execute commands. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, input parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, input parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, input parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +action – java.lang.String type, input parameter, key command; + +param – java.lang.String type, input parameter, parameters attached to key commands. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.1.2.10 inputKeyCode** + +Prototype: public int inputKeyCode(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String action, java.lang.String param)throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, multi-screen interactive component client sending commands input by virtual keys. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, input parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, input parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, input parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +action – java.lang.String type, input parameter, key command; + +param – java.lang.String type, input parameter, parameters attached to key commands. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.1.2.11 boardCastAllDevice** + +Prototype: public int boardCastAllDevice(java.lang.String cmd, java.lang.String param)throws RemoteException + +Description: A Remote interface, multi-screen interactive component server sending broadcast to all connected devices. + +Parameter: cmd – java.lang.String type, input parameter, broadcast command; + +param – java.lang.String type, input parameter, parameters attached to broadcast commands. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +## **I.2.2 Interface org.tvos.multiscreen.IMultiScreenCallBack** + +Prototype: public interface org.tvos.multiscreen.IMultiScreenCallBack + +Description: A functional interface used to support multi-screen interactive component services in a LAN environment. + +### **I.2.2.1 Constant field – state callback** + +#### **I.2.2.1.1 ON\_SP\_FOUNDED** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_SP\_FOUNDED = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 0) + +Description: When found by the client. + +#### **I.2.2.1.2 ON\_CONNECTED** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_CONNECTED = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 1) + +Description: When connected to the server. + +#### **I.2.2.1.3 ON\_CONNECTEDREFUSED** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_CONNECTEDREFUSED= (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 2) + +Description: When connection is refused. + +#### **I.2.2.1.4 ON\_DISCONNECTED** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_DISCONNECTED = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 3) + +Description: When the server is disconnected. + +#### **I.2.2.1.5 ON\_SERVICE\_ACTIVITED** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_SERVICE\_ACTIVITED = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 4) + +Description: When the server actively responds. + +#### **I.2.2.1.6 ON\_SERVICE\_DEACTIVITED** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_SERVICE\_DEACTIVITED = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 5) + +Description: When the server does not respond. + +#### **I.2.2.1.7 ON\_QUERY\_INFO** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_QUERY\_INFO = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 6) + +Description: When the server responds to the query information. + +#### **I.2.2.1.8 ON\_QUERY\_RESPONSE** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_QUERY\_RESPONSE= (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 7) + +Description: When querying response information. + +#### **I.2.2.1.9 ON\_EXECUTE** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_EXECUTE = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 8) + +Description: Returning result after the command is executed. + +#### **I.2.2.1.10 ON\_INPUT** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_INPUT = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 9) + +Description: Returning when callback of input method. + +#### **I.2.2.1.11 ON\_NOTIFY** + +Prototype: static final int ON\_NOTIFY = (IBinder.FIRST\_CALL\_TRANSACTION + 10) + +Description: Returning when notification is received. + +### **I.2.2.2 Method** + +#### **I.2.2.2.1 onSpFounded** + +Prototype: public int onSpFounded(java.lang.String spName, java.lang.String spDeviceType, java.lang.String spServiceInfo, java.lang.String spVersion, java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer that the multi-screen interactive component service search is completed. + +Parameter: spName – java.lang.String type, input parameter, name of searched multi-screen interactive component service; + +spDeviceType – java.lang.String type, input parameter, type of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +spServiceInfo – java.lang.String type, input parameter, information of searched multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – java.lang.String type, input parameter, version of searched multi-screen interactive component server service; + +ipaddress – java.lang.String type, input parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, input parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, input parameter, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.2 onConnected** + +Prototype: public int onConnected(java.lang.String spName, java.lang.String spDeviceType, java.lang.String spServiceInfo, java.lang.String spVersion, java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer that the service connection of the multi-screen interactive component is completed. + +Parameter: spName – java.lang.String type, input parameter, name of searched multi-screen interactive component service; + +spDeviceType – java.lang.String type, input parameter, type of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +spServiceInfo – java.lang.String type, input parameter, information of searched multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – java.lang.String type, input parameter, version of searched multi-screen interactive component server service; + +ipaddress – java.lang.String type, input parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, input parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, input parameter, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.3 onConnectRefused** + +Prototype: public int onConnectRefused(java.lang.String spName, java.lang.String spDeviceType, java.lang.String spServiceInfo, java.lang.String spVersion, java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer that the service connection of the multi-screen interactive component is rejected. + +Parameter: spName – java.lang.String type, output parameter, name of searched multi-screen interactive component service; + +spDeviceType – java.lang.String type, output parameter, type of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +spServiceInfo – java.lang.String type, output parameter, information of searched multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – java.lang.String type, output parameter, version of searched multi-screen interactive component server service; + +ipaddress – java.lang.String type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.4 onDisconnected** + +Prototype: public int onDisconnected(java.lang.String spName, java.lang.String spDeviceType, java.lang.String spServiceInfo, java.lang.String spVersion, java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer that the service connection of the multi-screen interactive component is disconnected. + +Parameter: spName – java.lang.String type, output parameter, name of searched multi-screen interactive component service; + +spDeviceType – java.lang.String type, output parameter, type of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +spServiceInfo – java.lang.String type, output parameter, information of searched multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – java.lang.String type, output parameter, version of searched multi-screen interactive component server service; + +ipaddress – java.lang.String type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.5 onServiceActivited** + +Prototype: public int onServiceActivited(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer that the multi-screen interactive component service is activated. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.6 onServiceDeactivited** + +Prototype: public int onServiceDeactivited(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer that the multi-screen interactive component service has been unregistered. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.7 onQueryInfo** + +Prototype: public int onQueryInfo(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String id, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String param) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer to have received the data request sent by the client of the multi-screen interactive component. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +id – java.lang.String type, output parameter, command id of the received request; + +attribute – java.lang.String type, output parameter, command properties of the received request; + +param – java.lang.String type, output parameter, attached parameters of the received request. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.8 onQueryResponse** + +Prototype: public int onQueryResponse(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String id, java.lang.String attribute, java.lang.String param) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying JAVA adaptation layer that the server of the multi-screen interactive component has responded to the data request. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +id – java.lang.String type, output parameter, command id of the received request; + +attribute – java.lang.String type, output parameter, command properties of the received request; + +param – java.lang.String type, output parameter, attached parameters of the received request. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.9 onExecute** + +Prototype: public int onExecute(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String cmd, java.lang.String param) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying the JAVA adaptation layer that the multi-screen interactive component client has sent an execution instruction request. + +Parameter: ipaddress – java.lang.String type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – java.lang.String type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +cmd – java.lang.String type, output parameter, commands executed; + +param – java.lang.String type, output parameter, execute the parameters attached to the command. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.10 onInputKeyCode** + +Prototype: public int onInputKeyCode(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String action, java.lang.String param) throws RemoteException + +Description: Notifying the JAVA adaptation layer that the client of the multi-screen interactive component has sent a request to perform key injection. + +Parameter: `ipaddress` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +`port` – `int` type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +`hostname` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +`cmd` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, commands executed; + +`param` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, execute the parameters attached to the command. + +Return: `int` type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.11 onNotify** + +Prototype: `public int onNotify(java.lang.String ipaddress, int port, java.lang.String hostname, java.lang.String cmd, java.lang.String param) throws RemoteException` + +Description: Notifying the JAVA adaptation layer that the multi-screen interactive component has received the notification. + +Parameter: `ipaddress` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, ip address of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +`port` – `int` type, output parameter, port number of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +`hostname` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, host name of searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +`cmd` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, commands received; + +`param` – `java.lang.String` type, output parameter, parameters of commands received. + +Return: `int` type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **I.2.2.2.12 onTransact** + +Prototype: `public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags) throws RemoteException` + +Description: An AIDL remote call callback interface. + +Parameter: `code` – `int` type, output parameter, corresponding interface ID. + +`data` – `Parcel` object, output parameter, corresponding interface data; + +`reply` – `Parcel` object, input parameter, corresponding interface reply data; + +`flags` – `int` type, output parameter, remote interface flag bit. + +Return: `int` type, returning 0 if the remote interface is successfully called, otherwise returning an error code. + +## Annex J + +### JAVA-DRM management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### J.1 Overview + +This specification defines JAVA interfaces related to DRM management. + +#### J.2 DRM management module + +The summary of DRM management module is shown in Table J.1. + +**Table J.1 – Summary of DRM management module** + +| Class | | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DrmManager | DRM module management class. | +| DrmTeeRetVal | Return type class of Drm_SendCommandToTEE method of DrmManager class. | + +##### J.2.1 Class org.ngb.drm.services. DrmManager + +Prototype: public class DrmManager + +Description: A Class of DRM module management. + +###### J.2.1.1 Interface + +###### J.2.1.1.1 OnMessageListener + +Prototype: public interface OnMessageListener + +Description: A DRM message notification interface, called when DRM Manager sends a notification message, and implemented by DRM APP. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +###### J.2.1.1.2 OnLicenseListener + +Prototype: public interface OnLicenseListener + +Description: A DRM message notification interface, called when DRM Manager sends request message for obtaining license, and implemented by DRM APP. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +###### J.2.1.1.3 OnDecryptListener + +Prototype: public interface OnDecryptListener + +Description: A DRM message notification interface, called when DRM Manager sends a decryption request message, and implemented by DRM APP. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### **J.2.1.2 Method** + +#### **J.2.1.2.1 setOnMessageListener** + +Prototype: public synchronized void setOnMessageListener(org.ngb.drm.services.DrmManager.OnMessageListener messageListener) + +Description: Setting a callback function for message notification, which is called when DRM Manager sends a notification message. + +Parameter: messageListener – OnMessageListener type, indicating the callback function defined by the interface. + +Return: None. + +#### **J.2.1.2.2 setOnLicenseListener** + +Prototype: public synchronized void setOnLicenseListener(org.ngb.drm.services.DrmManager.OnLicenseListener licenseListener) + +Description: Setting a callback function for obtaining a license, which is called when DRM Manager sends a request message for obtaining a license. + +Parameter: licenseListener – OnLicenseListener type, indicating the callback function defined by the interface. + +Return: None. + +#### **J.2.1.2.3 setOnDecryptListener** + +Prototype: public synchronized void setOnDecryptListener(org.ngb.drm.services.DrmManager.OnDecryptListener decryptListener) + +Description: Setting a callback function for data decryption, which is called when DRM Manager sends a decryption request message. + +Parameter: decryptListener – OnDecryptListener type, indicating the callback function defined by the interface. + +Return: None. + +#### **J.2.1.2.4 registerApp** + +Prototype: public int registerApp(java.lang.String drmId, byte[] uuid, int register\_commandId, byte[] register\_pridata, int enflag, int licensereq\_commandId, int decrypt\_commandId) + +Description: DRM APP registration, you can privately define the command ID of licensereq and decrypt. + +Parameter: drm\_Id – A java.lang.String object, indicating the unique identifier of DRM APP; +uuid – byte[] type, indicating the unique identifier of the TApp corresponding to the DRM APP; +register\_commandId – Int type, indicating the registered commandid for communicating with TApp; +register\_pridata – Int type, indicating the private registration data carried in the registration for communication with TApp, used for TApp to verify the legality of DRM APP; +enflag – Int type, indicating the method of decryption call; +licensereq\_commandId – Int type, indicating the commandid corresponding to the query license; +decrypt\_commandId – Int type, indicating the commandid corresponding to the decrypted data. + +Return: int type, zero indicating success, non-zero indicating failure. + +#### **J.2.1.2.5 unRegisterApp** + +Prototype: public int unRegisterApp() + +Description: DRM APP unregistration. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, zero indicating success, non-zero indicating failure. + +#### **J.2.1.2.6 sendCommandToTEE** + +Prototype: public DrmTeeRetVal sendCommandToTEE(int commandId, byte[] inputData) + +Description: Send commands to TEE, and get data. + +Parameter: commandId – Int type, indicating command ID; + +inputData – byte[] type, indicating incoming data of TEE. + +Return: object of DrmTeeRetVal class. + +#### **J.2.1.2.7 sendMessageToPlayer** + +Prototype: public int sendMessageToPlayer(int type, byte[] message) + +Description: Send a message to the player. + +Parameter: type – Int type, indicating the type of message; + +message – byte[] type, indicating message. + +Return: int type, zero indicating success, non-zero indicating failure. + +### **J.2.2 Class org.ngb.drm.services.DrmTeeRetVal** + +Prototype: public class DrmTeeRetVal + +Description: A Returning type class of Drm\_SendCommandToTEE method of DrmManager class. + +#### **J.2.2.1 Method** + +##### **J.2.2.1.1 getData** + +Prototype: public byte[] getData() + +Description: Getting data returned by DRM Tapp. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: data of byte[] type. + +##### **J.2.2.1.2 getDataLen** + +Prototype: public long getDataLen() + +Description: Getting length of the data returned by DRM Tapp. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: long type, length of the data. + +##### **J.2.2.1.3 getOriginCode** + +Prototype: public int getOriginCode() + +Description: Getting the source of the return value. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, 1-indicating API, 2-indicating communication (COMMS), 3-indicating TEE, 4-indicating DRM Tapp. + +#### **J.2.2.1.4 getReturnCode** + +Prototype: public int getReturnCode() + +Description: Getting the return value. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, zero indicating success, non-zero indicating failure. + +## Annex K + +### JAVA-DCAS management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### K.1 Overview + +This specification defines JAVA interfaces related to DCAS management. + +#### K.2 CAS descrambling module + +The CAS descrambling module provides the upper API of the DCAS terminal software platform. + +The summary of CAS descrambling module is shown in Table K.1. + +**Table K.1 – Summary of CAS descrambling module** + +| Interface | | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CASModule | A CASModule object used to represent a request to descramble a set of elementary streams. | +| CASDataUtils | It is used to obtain and set CA information, read and write DCAS data. | +| CADescriptor | It provides information about CA descriptors, and it is possible to provide CA descriptors in the PMT of a given service. In addition, CA descriptors will also appear in CAT. | +| CASServiceComponentInfo | It is used to extract the information of specific CA service components, such as ECM PID and DescramblerContext for loading control words. | +| CASPacketListener | DCAS application receives out-of-band CAS Packets (such as EMMs) through this interface. | +| CASSession | It provides information related to CAS session. | +| CASStatus | DCAS application sends CASStatus every time the descrambling status in the DescramblerContext changes. This status is used to indicate whether the descrambling is successful or not. If any one of the descrambling components fails, this state must report the failure of the descrambling request of the entire service. When the terminal software platform receives a new CASStatus, it should notify other applications through the CAS event described in this paragraph. | +| CATListener | DCAS application needs to implement this interface and use CA descriptor in CAT to filter in-band EMM. | +| CATNotifier | DCAS application uses this method to register a listener for CAT update notifications. | +| Class | | +| CASModuleManager | It is used to register all CASModules implemented by DCAS applications. | +| CASPermission | Any DCAS application must obtain CASPermission to access CASModuleManager. This mechanism is used to ensure that only DCAS applications authorized by the network operator can use DCAS API. | + +#### K.2.1 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule + +Description: This interface describes CASModule object used to represent a request to descramble a set of elementary streams. + +### **K.2.1.1 Method** + +#### **K.2.1.1.1 startDescrambling** + +Prototype: public void startDescrambling(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession cassession, org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAServiceComponentInfo[] casc) + +Description: This method is called by the terminal software platform to request CASModule to descramble a set of elementary streams in a given session. + +DCAS application can obtain a relevant NetworkInterface object from CAS session. + +From NetworkInterface, you can get the current TransportStream object, which is used in sectionsAPI for ECM section filtering. + +Parameter: cassession – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession object, session for requesting descrambling operation; + +casci – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAServiceComponentInfo array, CA service component information array. The array can be used to obtain the relevant ECM PID and the DescramblerContext object used for DCAS to load the control word. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.1.1.2 updateDescrambling** + +Prototype: public void updateDescrambling(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession casSession, org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAServiceComponentInfo[] casc) + +Description: This method is called by a terminal software platform to update the list of descrambling components in the CASModule. + +Upon request, CASModule will start descrambling the components added to the array, and stop descrambling the removed components. + +For the unchanged components after the update, no changes will occur. + +NOTE – This method is rarely called, usually due to PMT changes in a session. + +The terminal software platform can also notify the CASModule by calling this method when the CAS session, such as the session type, changes. + +Parameter: casSession – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession object, session for requesting descrambling operation; + +casci – org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAServiceComponentInfo array, CA service component information array, this array can be used to obtain the relevant ECM PID and the DescramblerContext object used for DCAS to load the control word. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.1.1.3 stopDescrambling** + +Prototype: public void stopDescrambling(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession casSession) + +Description: The terminal software platform calls this interface to request CASModule to stop descrambling all components in a given session. + +Parameter: casSession – org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession object, session for requesting descrambling operation. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.1.1.4 getCAInfo** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getCAInfo(int cmdId, java.lang.String data) + +Description: The terminal software platform calls this interface to obtain CA information. + +Parameter: cmdId – int type, unique ID of the command, it can be expanded according to actual projects; + +data – java.lang.String type, query parameter. + +Return: java.lang.String type, CA information data. + +#### **K.2.1.1.5 setCAInfo** + +Prototype: public int setCAInfo(int cmdId, java.lang.String data) + +Description: The terminal software platform calls this interface to set CA information. + +Parameter: cmdId – int type, unique ID of the command, it can be expanded according to actual projects; + +data – java.lang.String type, CA information data. + +Return: int type, return 0 if the setting is successful. + +### **K.2.2 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASDataUtils** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASDataUtils + +Description: This interface description is used to indicate a general interface for obtaining CA-related information. + +#### **K.2.2.1 Method** + +##### **K.2.2.1.1 getCAInfo** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getCAInfo(int casId, int cmdId, java.lang.String data) + +Description: The terminal software platform obtains CA information from the DCAS application in response to user operations. + +Parameter: casId – int type, designated CAS supplier; + +cmdId – int type, unique ID of command, it can be expanded according to actual projects; + +data – java.lang.String type, query parameter. + +Return: java.lang.String type, CA information data. + +##### **K.2.2.1.2 setCAInfo** + +Prototype: public int setCAInfo(int casId, int cmdId, java.lang.String data) + +Description: The terminal software platform sets CA information to DCAS application in response to user operations. + +Parameter: casId – int type, designated CAS supplier; + +cmdId – int type, unique ID of command, it can be expanded according to actual projects; + +data – java.lang.String type, query parameter. + +Return: int type, return 0 if the setting is successful. + +##### **K.2.2.1.3 getData** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getData(int casId, int cmdId, int[] type) + +Description: The terminal software platform obtains data from DCAS manager in response to user operations. + +Parameter: casId – int type, designated CAS supplier; + +cmdId – int type, unique ID of command, it can be expanded according to actual projects; + +type – an int array, data type reference; + +Return: java.lang.String type, data required. + +#### **K.2.2.1.4 setData** + +Prototype: public int setData(int casId, int cmdId, int type, java.lang.String data) + +Description: The terminal software platform sets CA information to DCAS application in response to user operations. + +Parameter: casId – int type, designated CAS supplier; + +cmdId – int type, unique ID of command, it can be expanded according to actual projects; + +data – java.lang.String type, data related to DCAS; + +type – int type, data type. + +Return: int type, return 0 if the setting is successful. + +### **K.2.3 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CADescriptor** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CADescriptor + +Description: This interface provides information of CA descriptor, and it is possible to provide CA descriptor in PMT of a given service. In addition, CA descriptors will also appear in CAT. + +#### **K.2.3.1 Method** + +##### **K.2.3.1.1 getCASystemId** + +Prototype: public int getCASystemId() + +Description: This method returns a CASystemId of CA descriptor. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating CASystemId. + +##### **K.2.3.1.2 getPid** + +Prototype: public int getPid() + +Description: This method returns a PID (ECM PID or EMM PID) in CA descriptor. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating PID value. + +##### **K.2.3.1.3 getPrivateData** + +Prototype: public byte[] getPrivateData() + +Description: This method returns a Private data array of CA descriptor terminal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A byte array, indicating privateData. + +### **K.2.4 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAServiceComponentInfo** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAServiceComponentInfo + +Description: This interface is used to extract information about specific CA service components, such as ECM PID and DescramblerContext for loading control words. + +#### **K.2.4.1 Method** + +##### **K.2.4.1.1 getDescramblerContext** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.net.cas.controller.DescramblerContext getDescramblerContext() + +Description: This method returns DecramberContext object used for DCAS application to load the control word. In the case of multiple occurrences of the same CA descriptor (same ECMPID and private data) in the component loop of PMT, there should be only one DecramberContext. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.DescramblerContext object. + +##### **K.2.4.1.2 getCAdescriptor** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAdescriptor getCAdescriptor() + +Description: This method returns a CA descriptor related to the service component, and CAdescriptor instance is generated from CA information in PMT. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAdescriptor object. + +##### **K.2.4.1.3 getComponentStreamPIDs** + +Prototype: public int[] getComponentStreamPIDs() + +Description: This method returns an Elementary stream array described in PMT. The order of the array elements should be the same as the order of the array elements returned by getComponentStreamType. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An ES (Elementary Stream) PID array. + +##### **K.2.4.1.4 getComponentStreamTypes** + +Prototype: public int[] getComponentStreamTypes() + +Description: This method returns stream type array in PMT, and stream type value should follow the MPEG standard ISO/IEC 13818-1. The order of the array elements should be consistent with the order of the array elements returned by getComponentStreamPID. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An int[], stream type array. + +##### **K.2.4.1.5 getServiceIdentifiers** + +Prototype: public int[] getServiceIdentifiers() + +Description: This method returns an array of service identifiers associated with the object, and the representation form of service identifiers depends on the specific use environment. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An int[],ServiceID array. + +#### **K.2.5 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPacketListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPacketListener + +Description: DCAS application receives out-of-band CAS Packets (such as EMMs) through this interface. DCAS application registers the listener through registerCasPacketListener method provided by CASModuleManager class according to the given CA system identifier. The CA system + +identifier is represented by parameter `casId`. The receiving of CAS packages depends on the terminal software platform. + +### **K.2.5.1 Method** + +#### **K.2.5.1.1 casPacketArrived** + +Prototype: `public void casPacketArrived(int casId, byte [] casPacketData, byte [] casPacketHeader)` + +Description: DCAS application, obtaining the CAS package through the registered listener. + +Parameter: `casId` – int type, CA system identifier; + +`casPacketData` – A byte array, CAS packet data; + +`casPacketHeader` – A byte array, depending on CAS header of the terminal software platform. + +Return: None. + +### **K.2.6 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession** + +Prototype: `public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession` + +Description: This interface provides Information related to the session. + +#### **K.2.6.1 Constant field – session type** + +##### **K.2.6.1.1 TYPE\_PRESENTATION** + +Prototype: `public static final int TYPE_PRESENTATION = 0x00000001` + +Description: It indicates that the session is TYPE\_PRESENTATION type. + +##### **K.2.6.1.2 TYPE\_RECORDING** + +Prototype: `public static final int TYPE_RECORDING = 0x00000002` + +Description: It indicates the session is TYPE\_RECORDING type. + +##### **K.2.6.1.3 TYPE\_BUFFERING** + +Prototype: `public static final int TYPE_BUFFERING = 0x00000004` + +Description: It indicates the session is TYPE\_BUFFERING type. + +#### **K.2.6.2 Method** + +##### **K.2.6.2.1 getType** + +Prototype: `public int getType()` + +Description: This method returns an Operation type of this session. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, operation type, it can be one or a combination of the values defined in this interface. + +##### **K.2.6.2.2 getNetworkInterface** + +Prototype: `public org.davic.net.tuning.NetworkInterface getNetworkInterface()` + +Description: This method returns NetworkInterface associated with the CAS session, and DCAS application can obtain the relevant NetworkInterface object from the CAS session. Using NetworkInterface, the DCAS application can first get the TransportStream object, which is used to call the sections application interface for ECM section filtering. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: One org.davic.net.tuning.NetworkInterface object. + +#### **K.2.6.2.3 getAssociatedService** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getAssociatedService() + +Description: This method returns a service related to CAS session. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: One Service object. + +#### **K.2.6.2.4 getServiceContext** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getServiceContext() + +Description: This method returns ServiceContext related to CAS session. + +NOTE – In some implementations, ServiceContext has no practical meaning, and this method will return null. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: One ServiceContext object. + +### **K.2.7 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAStatus** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAStatus + +Description: A DCAS application uses this interface when calling sendDescramblingEvent method in CASModuleManager. The DCAS application sends CAStatus every time the descrambling status in DescramblerContext changes. This status is used to indicate the success or failure of the descrambling. If any of the descrambling components fails, this status must report the failure of the descrambling request of the entire service. When the terminal software platform receives a new CAStatus, it should notify other applications through the CAS event described in this paragraph. The specific application interface is described in the extended application interface section. + +#### **K.2.7.1 Method** + +##### **K.2.7.1.1 isSuccess** + +Prototype: public boolean isSuccess() + +Description: This method returns Status of descrambling request. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, returning true if descrambling succeeds, and returning false if descrambling fails. + +##### **K.2.7.1.2 getCAToken** + +Prototype: public int getCAToken() + +Description: This method returns Parameters for other applications to query DCAS application for network-related information through IXC. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Int type, indicating a CA token. + +### **K.2.8 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATListener + +Description: DCAS application needs to implement this interface and use CA descriptor in CAT to filter in-band EMM. DCAS application needs to register this listener through registerCATListener defined in CATNotifier interface. + +### **K.2.8.1 Method** + +#### **K.2.8.1.1 catUpdate** + +Prototype: public void catUpdate(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CADescriptor desc, org.davic.net.tuning.NetworkInterface ni) + +Description: This interface is used to notify the DCAS application of CAT updates on a specific network interface. A DCAS application can obtain the current TransportStream object through NetworkInterface object. The TransportStream object can use the sections application program interface to implement EMM section filtering. The terminal software platform notifies the CAT update to the registered CAT listener that matches the casId. + +Parameter: desc – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CADescriptor object, DCAS application obtains EMM PID through a CASDescriptor object; + +ni – An org.davic.net.tuning.NetworkInterface object, which is a NetworkInterface where the CAT update is located. + +Return: None. + +### **K.2.9 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATNotifier** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATNotifier + +Description: The DCAS application uses this method to register the listener used to obtain the CAT update notification, and the DCAS application uses the CAT information to filter the in-band EMM. + +#### **K.2.9.1 Method** + +##### **K.2.9.1.1 registerCATListener** + +Prototype: public void registerCATListener(int casId, org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATListener catListener) + +Description: This method is called by a DCAS application to register a CATListener. + +Parameter: casId – int type, CA system identifier; + +catListener – org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATListener object, owing to the registered CATListener. + +Return: None. + +##### **K.2.9.1.2 unregisterCATListener** + +Prototype: public void unregisterCATListener(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATListener catListener) + +Description: This method is called by a DCAS application to unregister a CATListener. + +Parameter: catListener – an org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATListener object, which is a CATListener needs to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +### **K.2.10 Class org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModuleManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModuleManager + +Description: It is used to register all CASModules implemented by DCAS applications. + +#### **K.2.10.1 Method** + +##### **K.2.10.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModuleManager getInstance() throws java.lang.SecurityException + +Description: This method is used to obtain a CASModuleManager singleton. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModuleManager instance. + +Exception: java.lang.SecurityException – This exception is thrown when a security policy is forcibly enabled without a CASPermission given to the caller. + +#### **K.2.10.1.2 registerCASmodule** + +Prototype: public void registerCASModule(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule aModule, int caSystemId, int networkCAPriority, java.lang.Object context) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: This method is used for a DCAS application to register a CASModule on the terminal software platform. + +Parameter: aModule – org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule object, CASModule that needs to be registered; + +caSystemId – int type, caSystemId managed by CASModule; + +networkCAPriority – int type, used when more than one CASModule is registered in CASModuleManager. The operator can decide whether this parameter is optional according to each CASModule, when the priority strategy is enabled, the operator needs to specify priorities for each CASModule. The terminal software platform should select the registered, the highest priority, and the managed caSystemId-int type, CASModule with the corresponding CA descriptor in PMT to send the descrambling request. When the priority strategy is disabled, the DCAS application should set this parameter to zero, and the determination method of CASModule is implemented by the terminal software platform; + +context – A java.lang.Object object, Context of the DCAS application wishing to register the CASModule, being used for the terminal software platform to determine the identity of the DCAS application. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException – If the specified CASModule instance has been registered, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.2.10.1.3 updateCASystemId** + +Prototype: public void updateCASystemId(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule aModule, int caSystemId) + +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: This method is used for the DCAS application to update the CASystemId in a CASModule to the application software platform. + +Parameter: aModule – org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule object, specify CASModule; + +caSystemId – int type, new caSystemId managed by the module. + +Return: None. + +Exception: A java.lang.IllegalArgumentException, if the given CASModule instance is not yet registered. + +#### **K.2.10.1.4 sendDescramblingEvent** + +Prototype: public void sendDescramblingEvent(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule aModule, + +org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession casSession, org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAStatus aCAStatus) +throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: This method is used by the DCAS application to return a CAStatus to the terminal software platform. When a certain DescramblerContext changes due to changes of a scrambling subpart of the scrambling component in the corresponding service, the DCAS application must send CAStatus to indicate whether the descrambling is successful. If any subpart fails to descramble, CAStatus must notify that the descrambling of the service failed. When the terminal software platform receives a new CAStatus, it should continue to pass the information to the corresponding application through the CAS Event defined in the extended API. + +Parameter: aModule – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule object, specifying CASModule; + +casSession – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession object, descrambling the session that requests an operation; + +aCAStatus – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CAStatus object, being a CAStatus that needs to be sent. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException-If the given CASModule instance is not registered, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.2.10.1.5 unregisterCASModule** + +Prototype: public void unregisterCASModule(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule aModule) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: This method is used for the DCAS application to cancel the registration of CASModule from the terminal software platform. + +Parameter: aModule – org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule object, CASModule that needs to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException, if the given CASModule has not been registered, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.2.10.1.6 getChipControllers** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.net.cas.controller.ChipController[] getChipControllers() + +Description: This method is used by the DCAS application to request a list of chip controllers that can be used from the terminal software platform. This method returns a chip controller for each terminal security chip. For many terminals supporting only one single chip controller, any one of the arrays they return contains only one element. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.ChipController array, an array of chip controllers. + +#### **K.2.10.1.7 setCurrentController** + +Prototype: public void setCurrentController(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule aModule, org.ngb.net.cas.controller.ChipController aChipController) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: This method is used to set a chip controller used by default for descrambling operation according to the given CAModule. If this method is not called, the selection in CASModuleManager does not need to be specified. + +Parameter: aModule – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule object, specifying CASModule; + +aChipController – An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.ChipController object, + +CASModule – default chip controller used. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException, if the given CASModule has not been registered, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.2.10.1.8 setCCIBits** + +Prototype: public void setCCIBits(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule aModule, org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession casSession, int cciBits) + +Description: This method is used to set the copy control information data (CCI bits) required by the terminal for copy protection of this service. The definition of CCI bit information is specified and interpreted by the terminal software platform. + +Parameter: aModule – an org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule object, specifying CASModule; + +casSession – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession object, descrambling a request session; + +cciBits – int type, CCI bit value used by the current service; + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.10.1.9 setServiceListFilter** + +Prototype: public void setServiceListFilter(int filterData) + +Description: This method is used to provide the terminal software platform with parameters for service list filtering, and the specific meaning of the service list parameters is specified and executed by the terminal software platform. + +Parameter: filterData – int type, service list filter parameters. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.10.1.10 registerCASPacketListener** + +Prototype: public void registerCASPacketListener(int casId, org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPacketListener casPacketListener) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: This method is used for the DCAS application to register a CAPacketListener. The CAPacketListener is called by the terminal software platform and transmits CAS data packets (such as EMM) to the DCAS application. The CA system identifier is represented by the parameter casID, and the receiving of the CAS data packet is implemented by the terminal software platform. + +Parameter: casId – int type, CasystemID; + +casPacketListener – org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPacketListener object, CASPacketListener that needs to be registered. + +Return: None. + +Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException, thrown if the given casId has already registered the listener. + +#### **K.2.10.1.11 unregisterCASPacketListener** + +Prototype: public void unregisterCASPacketListener(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPacketListener casPacketListener) throws java.lang.IllegalArgumentException + +Description: This method is used for DCAS application to cancel the registration of CASPacketListener. + +Parameter: casPacketListener – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPacketListener object, which is a listener that needs to be unregistered. + +Return: None. + +Exception: A java.lang.IllegalArgumentException, thrown if the given CASPacketListener has not been registered. + +#### **K.2.10.1.12 getDetachableSecurityDevices** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDevice[] getDetachableSecurityDevices() + +Description: This method is used for the DCAS application to obtain object handles of detachable devices (smart cards, etc.). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDevice object array. + +#### **K.2.10.1.13 receiveOsdMsg** + +Prototype: public void receiveOsdMsg(byte[] msg, int[] flags) + +Description: Display OSD information, the specific meaning of its parameters are related to specific items. + +Parameter: msg – A byte array, OSD information content, which can include descriptive information in addition to the text; + +flags – An int array, OSD type indication. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.10.1.14 showFingerMsg** + +Prototype: public void showFingerMsg(org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule aModule, org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession casSession, byte[] msg) + +Description: Display OSD information, the specific meaning of its parameters are related to specific items. + +Parameter: aModule – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASModule object, specifying CASModule; + +casSession – An org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASSession object, the session that requests a descrambling operation; + +msg – A byte array, displaying information when fingerprint information is empty. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.10.1.15 receiveTuningAlert** + +Prototype: public void receiveTuningAlert(int[] serviceIdentifiers, int[] flags) + +Description: Emergency broadcast. In some projects, the parameters of emergency broadcast are not issued through CA system, and in such cases, it is not necessary to implement this function. + +Parameter: serviceIdentifiers –An int array, a set of values used to indicate the parameters of the emergency broadcast channel. The meaning of the value is defined by the specific item; + +flags – An int array, can be used to indicate the type of emergency broadcast parameters. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.2.10.1.16 getCATNotifier** + +Prototype: public org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATNotifier getCATNotifier() + +Description: This method is called by the DCAS application to obtain the CATnotifier object, the DCAS application can register the listener for CAT update notification through the CAT notifier. The DCAS application requires CAT information to filter the in-band EMM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.ngb.net.cas.module.CATNotifier object. + +#### **K.2.11 Class org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPermission** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.net.cas.module.CASPermission extends java.security.BasicPermission + +Description: Any DCAS application must obtain CASPermission to access CASModuleManager. This mechanism is used to ensure that only DCAS applications authorized by the network operator can use the DCAS API. + +##### **K.2.11.1 Method** + +###### **K.2.11.1.1 CASPermission** + +Prototype: public CASPermission(java.lang.String name) + +Description: Creating a new CASPermission. Name character string is not currently used and should be set to an empty character string. + +Parameter: name – A java.lang.String type, name of this CASPermission. + +Return: None. + +###### **K.2.11.1.2 CASPermission** + +Prototype: public CASPermission(java.lang.String name, java.lang.String actions) + +Description: Creating a new CASPermission. Name character string is not used now and should be set to an empty character string, actions character string is not used now and should be set to null. This constructor method is used to instantiate a new Permission objects for the Policy object. + +Parameter: name – java.lang.String type, name of this CASPermission. + +actions – A java.lang.String type, action list. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.3 CAS control module** + +CAS control module provides the underlying API of the DCAS terminal software platform. + +The summary of CAS control module is shown in Table K.2. + +**Table K.2 – Summary of CAS control module** + +| | | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Interface | | +| DescramblerContext | A component used to control the descrambling function of the terminal security chip. Multiple DescramblerContext can be instantiated to use different keys to descramble multiple code streams. | +| ChipController | A component used to control the execution of the terminal security chip. | +| Class | | + +**Table K.2 – Summary of CAS control module** + +| | | +|---------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Key | A basic cryptographic key. It is used to determine the cryptographic algorithm used by K-LAD and the output parameters of the cryptographic function. | +| CWKey | Descramble the key or control word. | +| CASTEEManager | Functional interface for communication with TA in TEE. | + +### K.3.1 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.controller.DescramblerContext + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.controller.DescramblerContext + +Description: It indicates the component used to control the descrambling function of the terminal security chip. Multiple DescramblerContext can be instantiated to use different keys to descramble multiple code streams. + +#### K.3.1.1 Method + +##### K.3.1.1.1 loadCW + +Prototype: public void loadCW(int Vendor\_SysID, org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CWKey cwKey, org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key[] levelKeys, int schemeId) throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method is used to notify the terminal software platform to load the control word into the descrambler and load the required key into the terminal security chip. A descrambler channel is a logical set of all streams descrambled by a single control word. The use of the descrambler channel depends on the DescramblerContext. In addition, the DCAS application should notify the terminal software platform that the current control word has expired (for example, due to authorization), and the terminal software platform should stop the corresponding descrambling behavior. In this case, the DCAS application will provide a null CWKey. + +Parameter: Vendor\_SysID – int type, this value is used to identify the CA manufacturer to support root key derivation in the controller. The root key of the terminal security chip is derived from this value, otherwise Vendor\_SysID is ignored; + +cwKey – org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CWKey control word object, if the control word is plain text, the levelKeys parameter is ignored. If cwKey is null, that means the DCAS application has not provided a valid control word; + +levelKeys – org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key array, a multi-level key used to install the terminal security chip. The index of the key array is equal to the absolute position in the terminal security chip. The value of a specific element in the array being Null indicates that the corresponding position in the terminal security chip should not be loaded with a key, that is: + +levelKey[0] is Key1 (encrypted by Key2); levelKey[1] is Key2 (encrypted by Key3); levelKey[ 2] needs not to be used; + +schemeId – int type, this schemeId is used to specify the encryption algorithm (for example, AES, TDES) of the terminal security chip, and a list of scheme values is defined in the ChipController interface. If the controller supports only one mode, this value is ignored. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if the loading fails, throw this exception. + +##### K.3.1.1.2 overrideChipController + +Prototype: public void overrideChipController(org.ngb.net.cas.controller.ChipController aChipController) + +throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method is used for the realization of the DCAS application requesting the terminal software platform to cover the default terminal security chip level key. It can be set by calling the setCurrentController method of CASModuleManager. If this method is not called, the terminal security chip will use the default controller. This method is only used in a terminal security chip system that implements multiple terminal security chips. + +Parameter: aChipController – An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.ChipController object, a controller to be covered. + +Return: None. + +Exception: An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if the operation fails, this exception is thrown. + +### **K.3.2 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Chipcontroller** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.controller.ChipController + +Description: It indicates the component that controls the execution of the terminal's security chip. + +#### **K.3.2.1 Constant field** + +##### **K.3.2.1.1 SCHEME\_TDES** + +Prototype: public static final int SCHEME\_TDES=0 + +Description: A value to indicate that the terminal security chip should use TDES. + +##### **K.3.2.1.2 SCHEME\_AES** + +Prototype: public static final int SCHEME\_AES=1 + +Description: A value to indicate that the terminal security chip should use AES. + +##### **K.3.2.1.3 PROCESSING\_MODE\_REGULAR** + +Prototype: public static final int PROCESSING\_MODE\_REGULAR=0 + +Description: A value to indicate that no additional processing is required in the terminal security chip authentication response algorithm. + +##### **K.3.2.1.4 PROCESSING\_MODE\_POST\_PROCESSING** + +Prototype: public static final int PROCESSING\_MODE\_POST\_PROCESSING=1 + +Description: A value to indicate that post-processing stage needs to be implemented in the terminal security chip authentication response algorithm. + +#### **K.3.2.2 Method** + +##### **K.3.2.2.1 getPublicId** + +Prototype: public byte[] getPublicId() throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method returns Public identifier of the terminal security chip. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A byte array, public identifier publicId of the terminal security chip. + +Exception: org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if there is a communication error during the drive of the security chip of the access terminal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.3.2.2.2 getChipType** + +Prototype: public byte[] getChipType() throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method returns Type identifier of the terminal security chip. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A byte array, type of terminal security chip. + +Exception: org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if there is a communication error during the drive of the security chip of the access terminal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.3.2.2.3 getChipControllerProperty** + +Prototype: public java.lang.String getChipControllerProperty(java.lang.String propertyName) throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: According to the provided terminal security chip property name, this method returns the value corresponding to the property. This function is reserved in this interface and can be used to read the properties of the controller that will be expanded in the future. No property names are defined at this stage. + +Parameter: propertyName – java.lang.String type, property name. + +Return: java.lang.String type, indicating property value. + +Exception: org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if there is a communication error during the drive of the security chip of the access terminal, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.3.2.2.4 authenticate** + +Prototype: public byte[] authenticate(int Vendor\_SysID, byte[] challenge, org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key[] levelKeys, int schemeId, int processingMode) throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method is used to authenticate the hierarchical key mechanism in the terminal security chip, and the terminal security chip should calculate the authentication information based on the sent random handshake information. + +Parameter: Vendor\_SysID – int type, this value is used to identify the CA supplier. It is used in the controller to support root key derivation. The root key of the terminal security chip is derived from this value. Otherwise, Vendor\_SysID is ignored; + +Challenge – A byte array, handshake information, random number; + +levelKeys – An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key array, all levels of keys required by hierarchical keys. The index of the key array is equal to the absolute position in the terminal security chip. The value of a specific element in the array is Null, indicating that the corresponding position in the terminal security chip should not be loaded with a key. That is: levelKey[0] is null; levelKey[1] is Key 2 (encrypted by Key 3); levelKey[2] does not need to be used. + +schemeId – int type, this schemeId is used to specify the encryption algorithm (for example, AES, TDES) of the terminal security chip. If the controller only supports one method, this value is ignored; + +processingMode – int type, a value used to specify whether to implement additional post-processing during the calculation of the response result. If the controller only supports no post-processing mode, this parameter is ignored. + +Return: A byte array, a response response calculated by the terminal security chip. + +Exception: An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if there is a communication error during the drive of the security chip of the access terminal, this exception is thrown. + +### **K.3.2.2.5    encryptData** + +Prototype: public void encryptData(int Vendor\_SysID, +org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CWKey cwKey, +org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key[] levelKeys, +int schemeId, +int encryptionId, +byte[] src, +int srcPos, +byte[] dest, +int destPos, +int length) +throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method calls a function of the chip to encrypt data in the memory. + +Parameter: Vendor\_SysID – int type, this parameter being used to indicate the CA manufacturer. The security chip uses this value to derive the root key; + +cwKey – An org.ngb.net.cas.controller. A CWKey object, control word for encryption. If the control word is not encrypted, the subsequent levelKeys will be ignored; + +levelKeys – An org.ngb.net.cas.controller. A Key array, hierarchical key, the index value of the key in the array is equal to its absolute position in the hierarchical key. The Null element in the array indicates that no key needs to be set at this level; + +schemeId – int type, an encryption algorithm used by the hierarchical key. If the chip only supports one algorithm, this parameter will be ignored; + +encryptionId – int type, a data encryption/decryption algorithm (such as AES, TDES). If the chip only supports one algorithm, this parameter will be ignored; + +src – A byte array, source data array; + +srcPos – int type, starting position of the source data array; + +dest – A byte array, destination data array; + +destPos – int type, starting position of the destination data array; + +length – int type, the number of data bytes that need to be processed. + +Exception: When the hierarchical key communication error occurs, org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException is thrown. + +### **K.3.2.2.6    decryptData** + +Prototype: public void decryptData(int Vendor\_SysID, +org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CWKey cwKey, +org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key[] levelKeys, +int schemeId, +int encryptionId, +byte[] src, +int srcPos, + +``` + +byte[] dest, +int destPos, +int length) +throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +``` + +Description: This method calls a function of the chip to decrypt the data in the memory. + +Parameter: Vendor\_SysID – int type, this parameter being used to indicate the CA manufacturer. The security chip uses this value to derive the root key; + +cwKey – An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CWKey object, control word for decryption. If the control word is not encrypted, the subsequent levelKeys will be ignored; + +levelKeys – An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key array, hierarchical key. The index value of the key in the array is equal to its absolute position in the hierarchical key. The Null element in the array indicates that no key needs to be set at this level; + +schemeId – int type, an encryption algorithm used by the hierarchical key. If the chip only supports one algorithm, this parameter will be ignored; + +encryptionId – int type, data encryption/decryption algorithm (such as AES, TDES). If the chip only supports one algorithm, this parameter will be ignored; + +src – A byte array, source data array; + +srcPos – int type, starting position of the source data array; + +dest – A byte array, destination data array; + +destPos – int type, starting position of the destination data array; + +length – int type, the number of data bytes that need to be processed. + +Return: None. + +Exception: When the hierarchical key communication error occurs, org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException is thrown. + +### **K.3.3 Class org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key + +Description: It indicates a basic cryptographic key. It is used to determine the cryptographic algorithm used by K-LAD and the output parameters of the cryptographic function. + +#### **K.3.3.1 Method** + +##### **K.3.3.1.1 Key** + +Prototype: public Key(byte[] value, boolean encrypted) + +Parameter: value – A byte array, value of the key; + +encrypted – boolean type, a sign of whether the key is encrypted, true indicating the key has been encrypted, false indicating the key is plain text. + +##### **K.3.3.1.2 getKeyValue** + +Prototype: public byte[] getKeyValue() + +Description: This method returns Value of the key. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A byte array, value of the key. + +#### **K.3.3.1.3 isEncrypted** + +Prototype: public boolean isEncrypted() + +Description: When this method returns true, it means that the key is encrypted, and false means that the key is not encrypted. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating the key is encrypted, false indicating the key is not encrypted. + +### **K.3.4 Class org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CWKey** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CWKey extends org.ngb.net.cas.controller.Key + +Description: It indicates the descrambling key or control word. + +#### **K.3.4.1 Constant field** + +##### **K.3.4.1.1 PARITY\_EVEN** + +Prototype: public static final int PARITY\_EVEN = 0 + +Description: It indicates PARITY\_EVEN type. + +##### **K.3.4.1.2 PARITY\_ODD** + +Prototype: public static final int PARITY\_ODD = 1 + +Description: It indicates PARITY\_ODD type. + +#### **K.3.4.2 Method** + +##### **K.3.4.2.1 CWKey** + +Prototype: public CWKey(byte[] value, boolean encrypted, int parity) + +Description: Constructed function. + +Parameter: value – A byte array, value of the key; + +encrypted – boolean type, true value indicating that the key is encrypted, and false value indicating that the key is not encrypted; + +parity – int type, parity value, which indicates the parity of the control word. + +##### **K.3.4.2.2 getParity** + +Prototype: public int getParity() + +Description: This method returns parity of the control word. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, parity of the control word. + +### **K.3.5 Class org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CASTEEManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CASTEEManager + +Description: Interface for communication with TA in TEE. + +#### **K.3.5.1 Method** + +##### **K.3.5.1.1 sendCommandToTEE** + +Prototype: public byte[] sendCommandToTEE(byte[] teeAppUUID, int commandId, byte[] inputData) throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: The DCAS application selects the corresponding security application and sends data to the security application. + +Parameter: `teeAppUUID` –A byte array, UUID identifier of TAPP. + +`commandId` – int type, command type. + +`inputData` – A byte array, entered data. + +Return: A byte array, returned data. + +Exception: `org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException`, if there is a communication error during the interactive drive with TEE. + +#### K.4 CAS message module + +The CAS message module provides DCAS to extend the API package, and TVOS's DCAS application needs to implement this package. + +The summary of CAS message module is shown in Table K.3. + +**Table K.3 – Summary of CAS message module** + +| Interface | | +|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CASEventListener | It should be implemented by applications that need to receive CAS events. | +| CASAppInfo | It provides information about DCAS applications. | +| CASEventInfo | It provides CASEvent information. | +| Class | | +| CASEventManager | The application uses CASEventManager registration listener to obtain CAS events. | + +##### K.4.1 Interface `org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventListener` + +Prototype: `public interface org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventListener` + +Description: This interface should be implemented by applications that need to receive CAS events. `CASEvents` provides the CA Status and basic information of the current `ServiceContext`. + +###### K.4.1.1 Method + +###### K.4.1.1.1 `receiveCASEvent` + +Prototype: `public void receiveCASEvent(java.lang.Object serviceContext, int appId, int orgId, boolean isSuccess, int caToken)` + +Description: This method is used to deliver CAS events to applications registered with CAS event listeners. + +Parameter: `serviceContext` – A `java.lang.Object` object, a handle to which the CAS event belongs. + +`appId` – int type, used to identify the DCAS application sending the event. These identifiers can be applied to communicate through IXC and DCAS applications. When there is no DCAS application that can descramble a given code stream, the terminal software platform should use the value null as the value of `appId` to call this method, and the application that obtains this kind of CAS event notification should handle this situation according to its own design and implementation; + +`orgId` – int type, used to identify the DCAS application that sent the event. Identify the organization to which the App belongs; + +`isSuccess` – boolean type, a boolean value to indicate whether descrambling was successful; + +`caToken` – int type, a token of the DCAS application sent back through the IXC, and the application can use the token to query the DCAS application for specific network information through the IXC. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.4.1.1.2 receiveCASOSDEvent** + +Prototype: public void receiveCASOSDEvent(java.lang.Object serviceContext, int appId, int orgId, byte[] msg, int[] flag) + +Description: This method is used to deliver OSD events of CAS to applications registered with CAS event listeners. + +Parameter: serviceContextCAS – java.lang.Object object, a handle to which the event belongs; + +appId – int type, used to identify the DCAS application that sent the event. These identifiers can be applied to communicate through IXC and DCAS applications. When there is no DCAS application that can descramble a given code stream, the terminal software platform should use the value null as the value of casAppId to call this method, and the application that obtains such a CAS event notification should handle this situation according to its own design and implementation; + +orgId – int type, used to identify the DCAS application that sent the event, and identify the organization to which the App belongs. + +msg – A byte array, used to deliver OSD content; + +flag – An int array, used to identify the type of OSD. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.4.1.1.3 receiveCASFingerEvent** + +Prototype: public void receiveCASFingerEvent(java.lang.Object serviceContext, int appId, int orgId, byte[] msg) + +Description: This method is used to pass the CAS fingerprint event to the application registered with the CAS event listener. + +Parameter: serviceContext – java.lang.Object object, a handle to which the CAS event belongs; + +appId – int type, used to identify the DCAS application sending the event. These identifiers can be applied to communicate through IXC and DCAS applications. When there is no DCAS application that can descramble a given code stream, the terminal software platform should use the value null as the value of casAppId to call this method, and the application that obtains such a CAS event notification should handle this situation according to its own design and implementation; + +orgId – int type, used to identify the DCAS application that sent the event. Identify the organization to which the App belongs; + +msg – A byte array, used to pass content of fingerprints. + +Return: None. + +### **K.4.2 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASAppInfo** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASAppInfo + +Description: This interface provides information about DCAS applications. + +#### **K.4.2.1 Method** + +##### **K.4.2.1.1 getAID** + +Prototype: public int getAID() + +Description: This method returns Application ID of DCAS application. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, application ID of DCAS application. + +#### **K.4.2.1.2 getOID** + +Prototype: public int getOID() + +Description: This method returns organization ID of the DCAS application. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, organization ID of the DCAS application. + +### **K.4.3 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventInfo** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventInfo + +Description: This interface provides CASEvent information. + +#### **K.4.3.1 Constant field** + +##### **K.4.3.1.1 TYPE\_PRESENTATION** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_PRESENTATION = 0x00000001 + +Description: It indicates the type of TYPE\_PRESENTATION. + +##### **K.4.3.1.2 TYPE\_RECORDING** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_RECORDING = 0x00000002 + +Description: It indicates the type of TYPE\_RECORDING. + +##### **K.4.3.1.3 TYPE\_BUFFERING** + +Prototype: public static final int TYPE\_BUFFERING = 0x00000004 + +Description: It indicates the type of TYPE\_PRESENTATION. + +#### **K.4.3.2 Method** + +##### **K.4.3.2.1 getType** + +Prototype: public int getType() + +Description: This method returns type of operation that generated the CAS Event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, type of operation, it can be one or a combination of the values defined in this interface. + +##### **K.4.3.2.2 getNetworkInterface** + +Prototype: public org.davic.net.tuning.NetworkInterface getNetworkInterface() + +Description: This method returns NetworkInterface related to CAS Event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: one org.davic.net.tuning.NetworkInterface object. + +##### **K.4.3.2.3 getAssociatedService** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getAssociatedService() + +Description: This method returns service associated with CAS Event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: one Service object. + +#### **K.4.3.2.4 getServiceContext** + +Prototype: public java.lang.Object getServiceContext() + +Description: This method returns ServiceContext associated with CAS event. + +Note that ServiceContext has no practical meaning in some operations. This method returns null. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: one ServiceContext object. + +#### **K.4.4 Class org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventManager** + +Prototype: public class org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventManager + +Description: The application uses CASEventManager to register a listener to obtain CAS events. + +CAS events provide the current CA Status and basic information. + +##### **K.4.4.1 Method** + +###### **K.4.4.1.1 getInstance** + +Prototype: public static org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventManager getInstance() + +Description: This method is used to obtain a single CASEventManager instance. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventManager instance. + +###### **K.4.4.1.2 addListener** + +Prototype: public void addListener(org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventListener aCASEventListener) + +Description: This method is used to register a CASEventListener for the application. The listener is used to pass all CAS events. + +Parameter: aCASEventListener — org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventListener object, CASEventListener that needs to be registered. + +Return: None. + +###### **K.4.4.1.3 removeListener** + +Prototype: public void removeListener(org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventListener aCASEventListener) + +Description: This method is used to unregister a CASEventListener for the application. + +Parameter: aCASEventListener — org.ngb.net.cas.event.CASEventListener object, CASEventListener that has been registered. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.5 CAS listener module** + +The CAS listener module provides a DCAS detachable security device API. + +The summary of the CAS listener module is shown in Table K.4. + +**Table K.4 – Summary of CAS listener module** + +| Interface | | +|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DetachbleSecurityDevice | A listener for an application to register a detachable security device to obtain a plug-in/out status of the device. | +| DetachbleSecurityDeviceListener | A listener for the detachable safety device, should be implemented by an application that needs to listen to the plug-in/out status of the device. | + +**K.5.1 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDevice** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDevice + +Description: This interface indicates a component (smart card, etc.) used to control communication with a detachable safety device. + +**K.5.1.1 Method** + +**K.5.1.1.1 open** + +Prototype: public void open() throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method is used to initiate a session between the detachable security devices for the DCAS application. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if a driver error occurs, this exception is thrown. + +**K.5.1.1.2 close** + +Prototype: public void close() throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method is used to close the session between the detachable security devices for the DCAS application. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +Exception: org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if a driver error occurs, this exception is thrown. + +**K.5.1.1.3 reset** + +Prototype: public byte[] reset() throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method is used to reset the detachable security device and return the data (the data is ATR in the case of a smart card). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A byte array, data returned by the reset of the storage device. + +Exception: An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if a driver error occurs, this exception is thrown. + +**K.5.1.1.4 sendData** + +Prototype: public void sendData(byte [] data) throws org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException + +Description: This method is used in the DCAS application to send data to a detachable security device. + +Parameter: data – A byte array, data that needs to be sent. + +Return: None. + +Exception: An org.ngb.net.cas.controller.CADriverException, if a driver error occurs, this exception is thrown. + +#### **K.5.1.1.5 registerListener** + +Prototype: public void + +registerListener(org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDeviceListener aListener) + +Description: This method is used for the DCAS application to register a listener that receives data sent by a detachable safety device. + +Parameter: aListener – An org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDeviceListener to be registered. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.5.1.1.6 removeListener** + +Prototype: public void removeListener() + +Description: This method is used in DCAS applications to delete registered listeners. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### **K.5.2 Interface org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDeviceListener** + +Prototype: public interface org.ngb.net.cas.detachable.DetachableSecurityDeviceListener + +Description: This interface should be implemented by the DCAS application to receive the status of the detachable safety device and the data sent. + +#### **K.5.2.1 Field** + +##### **K.5.2.1.1 DEVICE\_IN** + +Prototype: public static final int DEVICE\_IN = 1 + +Description: It is used to describe a state of a detachable security device: plug-in (smart card is plugged in in the case of a smart card). + +##### **K.5.2.1.2 DEVICE\_OUT** + +Prototype: public static final int DEVICE\_OUT = 2 + +Description: It is used to describe a state of a detachable security device: plug-out (smart card is plugged out in the case of a smart card). + +##### **K.5.2.1.3 DEVICE\_ERROR** + +Prototype: public static final int DEVICE\_ERROR = 3 + +Description: It is used to describe a state of a detachable security device: error (it indicates an error of smart card in the case of a smart card). + +#### **K.5.2.2 Method** + +##### **K.5.2.2.1 receiveDeviceStatus** + +Prototype: public void receiveDeviceStatus(int status) + +Description: This method should be implemented by the DCAS application to receive the state of the detachable safety device. Notify the DCAS application when the state of the detachable safety device changes. + +Parameter: status – int type, the state of the detachable safety device. + +Return: None. + +#### **K.5.2.2.2 receiveData** + +Prototype: public void receiveData(byte[] data) + +Description: This method is called when the detachable security device sends data to the DCAS application. + +Parameter: data – A byte array, data sent by the detachable security device. + +Return: None. + +## Annex L + +### JavaScript-Unidirectional broadcast network access unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### L.1 Overview + +This annex defines the JavaScript interface related to one-way broadcast network access, mainly the tuning and demodulation module. + +#### L.2 Tuning and demodulation module + +This module defines JS objects related to tuning and demodulation: DvbctuningParameters, AbsssTuningParameters, DtmbTuningParameters, DvbTune, DvbTunerInfo, DvbScan. The structural relationship is as follows: + +![Object structure diagram of the tuning and demodulation module](491c4b332cae19f28c7e922759c0f88b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the object structure of the tuning and demodulation module. It shows a vertical hierarchy of objects. At the top, three objects are grouped together by a grey bracket: DvbctuningParameters, AbsssTuningParameters, and DtmbTuningParameters. Below this group is DvbTune. An arrow labeled 'getAllTunerInfos' points from DvbTune to the next object, DvbTunerInfo. DvbTunerInfo and DvbScan are grouped together by another grey bracket at the bottom. The label 'J.1206(24)' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Object structure diagram of the tuning and demodulation module + +Figure L.1 – Object structure diagram of the tuning and demodulation module + +##### L.2.1 Message + +See Table L.1 for Message definitions that the tuning and demodulation module may send to the application layer. + +Table L.1 – Tuning and demodulating module messages + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|----------------------|-------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_DVB_TUNE_SUCCESS | 10001 | number | Locking is successful, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{ "deliveryType":param1 Note 1 ,
"freq":param2 Note 2 } | + +**Table L.1 – Tuning and demodulating module messages** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|-----------------------------|-------------|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_DVB_TUNE_FAILED | 10002 | number | Locking failed, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType":param1,
"freq":param2} | +| MSG_DVB_TUNE_SIGNAL_WEAK | 10003 | number | The signal at the current frequency point is weak, and the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType":param1,
"freq":param2} | +| MSG_DVB_TUNE_SIGNAL_LOST | 10004 | number | The signal at the current frequency point is lost, and the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType":param1,
"freq":param2} | +| MSG_DVB_TUNE_SIGNAL_RECOVER | 10005 | number | The signal at the current frequency point is restored, and the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType":param1,
"freq":param2} | +| Reserved | 10006~10024 | – | | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_START | 10025 | number | The channel scan starts, and the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType":param1} | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_FINISHED | 10026 | number | The channel scan is completed, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType":param1} | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_FAILED | 10027 | number | The channel scan failed, and the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType":param1}
Send this message if no service is found after the channel scan is over. | + +**Table L.1 – Tuning and demodulating module messages** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_FIND_SERVICES | 10028 | number | The channel scan finds the service, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{
"deliveryType": param1,
"freq": param2,
"serviceCount": param3
}
This message is sent when the current frequency point search is finished. | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_STOP_SUCCESS | 10029 | number | Succeeded in terminating the search, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType": param1} | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_STOP_FAILED | 10030 | number | Failed to terminate the search, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"deliveryType": param1}
(It's better to return the reason for failure) | +| Reserved | 10031~10100 | – | | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_SAVE_SUCCESS | 10101 | – | Succeeded in saving the channel data to NVM. | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_SAVE_FAILED | 10102 | – | Failed to save the channel data to NVM. | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_REVERT_SUCCESS | 10103 | – | Succeeded in importing the channel data from NVM. | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_REVERT_FAILED | 10104 | – | Failed to import the channel data from NVM. | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_DELETE_SUCCESS | 10105 | – | Succeeded in clearing the channel data in NVM and RAM. | +| MSG_DVB_SCAN_DELETE_FAILED | 10106 | – | Failed to clear the channel data in NVM and RAM. | +| Reserved | 10107~10200 | | | +|

The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type is:

  • – "number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description character string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method.
  • – "-", indicating event.modifiers is undefined.

NOTE 1 – param1: number type, see the constant definition of "Type of DVB delivery system" for the value.

NOTE 2 – param2: number type, indicating the frequency at the frequency point. If the value of deliveryType is 10 (indicating ABS-SS delivery system), it is measured in MHz; otherwise in kHz.

NOTE 3 – param3: number type, indicating the number of services found in the frequency point specified by param2.

| | | | + +## L.2.2 Constants + +The definition of tuning and demodulation module constants is shown in Table L.2. + +**Table L.2 – Tuning and demodulation module constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------| +| Type of DVB delivery system | | +| const DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DVB_C = 1; | DVB-C delivery system | +| const DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_ABS_SS = 10; | ABS-SS delivery system | +| const DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DTMB = 12; | DTMB delivery system | +| DVB-C Modulation mode | | +| const DVB_C_MOD_UNDEFINED = 0; | undefined | +| const DVB_C_MOD_QAM16 = 1; | 16-QAM. | +| const DVB_C_MOD_QAM32 = 2; | 32-QAM. | +| const DVB_C_MOD_QAM64 = 3; | 64-QAM. | +| const DVB_C_MOD_QAM128 = 4; | 128-QAM. | +| const DVB_C_MOD_QAM256 = 5; | 256-QAM. | +| ABS-SS Polarization mode | | +| const ABS_SS_POLAR_LINEAR_H = 0; | Linear polarization-horizontal polarization. | +| const ABS_SS_POLAR_LINEAR_V = 1; | Linear polarization-vertical polarization. | +| const ABS_SS_POLAR_CIRCULAR_L = 2; | Circular polarization-left-hand circular polarization. | +| const ABS_SS_POLAR_CIRCULAR_R = 3; | Circular polarization-Right-hand circular polarization. | +| DTMB Modulation mode | | +| const DTMB_MOD_UNDEFINED = 0; | Undefined | +| const DTMB_MOD_QAM4 = 1; | 4-QAM. | +| const DTMB_MOD_QAM4_NR = 2; | 4-QAM-NR. | +| const DTMB_MOD_QAM16 = 3; | 16-QAM. | +| const DTMB_MOD_QAM32 = 4; | 32-QAM. | +| const DTMB_MOD_QAM64 = 5; | 64-QAM. | + +## L.2.3 DvbcTuningParameters object + +DvbcTuningParameters object is a local object, which indicates the tuning and demodulation parameters applicable to the DVB-C delivery system. + +Example 1: + +``` +//create DvbcTuningParameters object +var dvbcParams = new DvbcTuningParameters(); +dvbcParams.frequency = 312000; //312.000MHz +dvbcParams.symbol_rate = 27450; //27.450Msymbol/s +dvbcParams.modulation = DVB_C_MOD_QAM64; //64 QAM +``` + +Example 2: + +``` +//create DvbcTuningParameters object +var dvbcParams = new DvbcTuningParameters(312000, 27450, DVB_C_MOD_QAM64); +``` + +### L.2.3.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbcTuningParameters object property is shown in Table L.3. + +NOTE – For the properties of DvbcTuningParameters, see the definition of cable\_delivery\_system\_descriptor in GB/T 28161-2011. + +**Table L.3 – Properties of DvbcTuningParameters objects** + +| Property name | Type | Properties of read and write | Description | +|---------------|--------|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| frequency | number | Read/write | It indicates the tuning frequency of the DVB-C signal, in kHz. | +| symbol_rate | number | Read/write | It indicates the symbol rate of the DVB-C signal, in ksymbol/s. | +| modulation | number | Read/write | It indicates the DVB-C signal modulation mode. | + +### L.2.3.2 Method + +#### L.2.3.2.1 DvbcTuningParameters + +Prototype: DvbcTuningParameters() + +Description: A Construction method, creating a default DVB-C tuning and demodulation parameter object. + +Parameter: None. + +#### L.2.3.2.2 DvbcTuningParameters + +Prototype: DvbcTuningParameters(frequency, symbolRate, modulation) + +Description: A Construction method, creating a DVB-C tuning and demodulation parameter object according to the specified parameters. + +Parameter: frequency – number type, indicating the tuning frequency of the DVB-C signal, in kHz; +symbolRate – number type, indicating the symbol rate of the DVB-C signal, in ksymbol/s; +modulation – number type, indicating the DVB-C signal modulation mode. + +### L.2.4 AbsssTuningParameters object + +An AbsssTuningParameters object is a local object, indicating the tuning and demodulation parameters of the ABS-SS delivery system. + +Example 1: + +``` +//create AbsssTuningParameters object: +var absssParams = new AbsssTuningParameters(); +absssParams.frequency = 12020; //12.020GHz +absssParams.symbol_rate = 28800; //28.8Msymbol/s +absssParams.polarization = ABS_SS_POLAR_CIRCULAR_R; //Right-handed circular polarization +``` + +Example 2: + +``` +//create AbsssTuningParameters object +var absssParams = new AbsssTuningParameters(12020, 28800, ABS_SS_POLAR_CIRCULAR_R); +``` + +#### L.2.4.1 Properties + +The definition of the AbsssTuningParameters object property is shown in Table L.4. + +**Table L.4 – Table of AbsssTuningParameters properties** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|--------|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------| +| frequency | number | Read/write | It indicates the frequency of the ABS-SS signal, in MHz. | +| symbol_rate | number | Read/write | It indicates the symbol rate of the ABS-SS signal, in ksymbol/s. | +| polarization | number | Read/write | It indicates the polarization mode of the ABS-SS signal. | + +#### L.2.4.2 Method + +##### L.2.4.2.1 AbsssTuningParameters + +Prototype: AbsssTuningParameters() + +Description: Construction method. + +Parameter: None. + +##### L.2.4.2.2 AbsssTuningParameters + +Prototype: AbsssTuningParameters(frequency, symbol\_rate, polarization) + +Description: Construction method. + +Parameter: frequency – number type, ABS-SS signal frequency, in MHz; + +symbol\_rate – number type, ABS-SS signal symbol rate, in ksymbol/s; + +polarization– number type, indicating the polarization mode of the ABS-SS signal. + +#### L.2.5 DtmbTuningParameters object + +DtmbTuningParameters object is a local object, which indicates the tuning and demodulation parameters of the DTMB delivery system. + +Example 1: + +//Create DtmbTuningParameters object: + +``` +var dtmbParams = new DtmbTuningParameters(); +``` + +``` +dtmbParams.frequency = 714000; //714.000MHz +``` + +Example 2: + +``` +var dtmbParams = new DtmbTuningParameters(714000); +``` + +#### L.2.5.1 Properties + +The definition of the DtmbTuningParameters object property is shown in Table L.5. + +NOTE – For the DtmbTuningParameters property, please refer to the definition of terrestrial\_delivery\_system\_descriptor in GB/T 28161-2011. + +**Table L.5 – Table of DtmbTuningParameters properties** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|--------|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| frequency | number | Read/write | It indicates the center frequency of the DTMB signal, in kHz. | +| modulation | number | Read only | It indicates the modulation mode of DTMB signal. | +| codingRatio | string | Read only | It indicates the coding efficiency of DTMB signal, which can be "0.4", "0.6" or "0.8". | +| PNMode | string | Read only | It indicates the frame header mode of DTMB signal, which can be a value such as "PN945". This property is meaningful only after successful tuning and demodulation. | + +**L.2.5.2 Method** + +**L.2.5.2.1 DtmbTuningParameters** + +Prototype: DtmbTuningParameters() + +Description: A Construction method. + +Parameter: None. + +**L.2.5.2.2 DtmbTuningParameters** + +Prototype: DtmbTuningParameters(frequency) + +Description: A Construction method. + +Parameter: frequency – number type, indicating the center frequency of DTMB signal, in kHz; + +**L.2.6 DvbTune object** + +DvbTune object is a built-in object, which realizes channel tuning and signal demodulation. Two types of objects are defined. NGBDvbTune() defaults tunerId to 0, and NGBDvbTune(tunerId) specifies the tunerId when creating the object. + +**L.2.6.1 Method** + +**L.2.6.1.1 tune** + +Prototype: tune(deliveryType, paramsObj) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, tuning to the specified frequency point. + +- If the frequency lock is successful, the message MSG\_DVB\_TUNE\_SUCCESS will be sent to the page; +- If the frequency lock fails, the message MSG\_DVB\_TUNE\_FAILED will be sent to the page; +- If the signal is weak, the message MSG\_DVB\_TUNE\_SIGNAL\_WEAK will be sent to the page; +- If the signal is lost, the message MSG\_DVB\_TUNE\_SIGNAL\_LOST will be sent to the page; +- If the signal is restored, the message MSG\_DVB\_TUNE\_SIGNAL\_RECOVER will be sent to the page. + +Parameter: deliveryType– number type, indicating the type of paramsObj object; + +paramsObj – it indicates tuning and demodulation parameters, the type is specified by the deliveryType parameter: + +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_S – The type of paramsObj is DvbsTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_C – The type of paramsObj is DvbcTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_T – The type of paramsObj is DvbtTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_ABS\_SS – The type of paramsObj is AbsssTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DTMB – The type of paramsObj is DtmbTuningParameters. + +Return: None. + +#### L.2.6.1.2 getTunerSignalInfo + +Prototype: string getTunerSignalInfo() + +Description: A Synchronous method, acquiring tuner information, including signal quality, signal strength, bit error rate, signal level, and signal-to-noise ratio. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: + +- If the acquisition succeeds, it will return a description character string in the form of "{SignalQuality:XXX,signalStrength:XXX,errorRate:XXX,signalLevel:XXX,signalNoiseRatio:XXX}". +- If the acquisition fails, it will return null. + +#### L.2.6.1.3 getAllTunerInfos + +Prototype: DvbTunerInfo[] getAllTunerInfos() + +Description: Getting all tuner information supported by the current system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A DvbTunerInfo object array. + +### L.2.7 DvbTunerInfo object + +The DvbTunerInfo object is a local object, used to describe the matching relationship between TunerId and Tuner types. + +#### L.2.7.1 Properties + +The definition of the DvbTunerInfo object property is shown in Table L.6. + +**Table L.6 – DvbTunerInfo object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| tunerId | number | Read/write | It indicates the Tuner ID value. | +| tunerType | number | Read/write | It indicates the Tuner type corresponding to the Tuner ID. | + +### L.2.8 DvbScan object + +DvbScan object is a built-in object, which implements channel scan. + +Channel scan method definition: + +Manual search: According to the set tuning and demodulation parameters, searching for broadcast and TV program channels within a single frequency point; + +Automatic search: Searching for NIT according to the starting channel specified by the operator, and then automatically search for broadcast and TV program channels in the entire network according to the instructions of the NIT; the operator may specify multiple starting channels, as long as the NIT is successfully found at any one of the frequency points, it can perform automatic search. + +Zone search: According to china's digital television channel assignment table, searching for radio and television programs frequency by frequency within the specified starting and ending frequency range. + +This specification does not mandate the storage mechanism of channel scan results in the receiving terminal. To help understand the channel data access method provided by the DvbScan object, this specification gives examples to illustrate the storage mechanism that the receiving terminal may use. + +Example: After the channel scan is completed, the PSI/SI data (except for the EIT table) will be stored in three storage areas, namely A, B and C. The division of storage areas is shown in Figure L.2. + +![Schematic diagram of the storage area of channel scan results. The diagram shows two main storage areas: RAM and NVM. RAM contains two sub-areas, Area A and Area B. NVM contains Area C. Arrows indicate data flow: DvbScan.update() from Area A to Area B, DvbScan.save() from Area B to Area C, and DvbScan.revert() from Area C back to Area B. A small label 'J.1206(24)' is in the bottom right corner.](eb8fd09ad38cb8a5c93d1bc410334d39_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph RAM + A[Area A] -- "DvbScan.update()" --> B[Area B] + end + B -- "DvbScan.save()" --> C[Area C] + C -- "DvbScan.revert()" --> B + style RAM fill:none,stroke:none + style NVM fill:none,stroke:none + style J120624 text-align:right,font-size:small + J1206(24) + +``` + +Schematic diagram of the storage area of channel scan results. The diagram shows two main storage areas: RAM and NVM. RAM contains two sub-areas, Area A and Area B. NVM contains Area C. Arrows indicate data flow: DvbScan.update() from Area A to Area B, DvbScan.save() from Area B to Area C, and DvbScan.revert() from Area C back to Area B. A small label 'J.1206(24)' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure L.2 – Schematic diagram of the storage area of channel scan results** + +The storage information in the NVM area is not lost when power is off. This type of storage includes Flash, E2PROM, and disk. The storage area C is assigned in the NVM to store the channel data successfully found by the receiving terminal. + +When the receiving terminal is in the power-off state, the PSI/SI data is only stored in the NVM. When the receiving terminal is powered on, the system will automatically import the PSI/SI data from the area C to the area B in the RAM for applications to call. + +In the process of searching channels, the newly searched data will be temporarily saved in Area A. After the search is completed and confirmed by the user, the application calls the DvbScan.update() method to update the newly searched data to area B. The application calls the DvbScan.save() method to save the data in area B to area C, otherwise the search results will be lost after power off. If the application wants to abandon the newly searched results, it can call the DvbScan.revert() method to restore the old data in the area C to the area B. + +DvbScan has two construction methods, DvbScan() uses tunerId as 0 by default, and DvbScan(tunerId) can specify the tunerId value when searching. + +### L.2.8.1 Method + +#### L.2.8.1.1 startScan + +Prototype: startScan(scanType, deliveryType, objArray[]) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, starting channel scan, wherein search mode is determined by scanType parameter, the system will perform tuning and demodulation automatically. + +- When the search starts, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_START will be sent to the page; +- After the current frequency point search is completed, if the service is found, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_FIND\_SERVICES will be sent to the page; +- After all the channels are searched, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_FINISHED will be sent to the page; +- If no channel is found, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_FAILED will be sent to the page. + +Parameter: scanType – number type, indicating the channel scan method, the value is as follows: + +- 0-indicating manual search, the length of the parameter objArray array is 1, indicating the tuning and demodulation parameters of the frequency to be searched; +- 1-indicating automatic search, the parameter objArray array indicating the starting channel tuning and demodulation parameters, the length of the array is greater than or equal to 1; as long as the NIT is successfully analyzed at one of the frequency points, the search can be automatically completed according to the instructions of the NIT, and the other frequency point parameters of the array can be ignored; +- 2-indicating zone search, the length of the parameter objArray array is 2, objArray[0] indicating the tuning and demodulation parameters at the beginning of the interval, and objArray[1] indicating the tuning and demodulation parameters at the end of the interval; the interval settings should comply with relevant national regulations. + +deliveryType – number type, indicating the type of the objArray object array. + +objArray[] – indicating tuning and demodulation parameters, the type is specified by the deliveryType parameter; + +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_S– the type of objArray is 4er; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_C– the type of objArray is DvbcTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_T– the type of objArray is DvbtTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_ABS\_SS – the type of objArray is AbsssTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DTMB – the type of objArray is DtmbTuningParameters. + +Return: None. + +#### **L.2.8.1.2 startScan** + +Prototype: startScan(pid, tableid, deliveryType, objArray[]) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, starting channel scan, wherein the search mode is determined by scanType parameter, the system will perform tuning and demodulation automatically. + +- When the search starts, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_START will be sent to the page +- After the search is completed, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_FINISHED will be sent to the page; +- If no channel is found, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_FAILED will be sent to the page. + +Parameter: pid – number type, indicating the PID of the TS packet where the specified program information data needs to be searched; + +tableid – number type, indicating the need to search for the tableid assigned by the specified program information data; + +deliveryType – number type, indicating the type of objArray object array. + +objArray[] – indicating tuning and demodulation parameters, the type being specified by the deliveryType parameter; + +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_S– the type of objArray is 4er; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_C– the type of objArray is DvbcTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DVB\_T– the type of objArray is DvbtTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_ABS\_SS – the type of objArray is AbsssTuningParameters; +- DVB\_DELIVERY\_TYPE\_DTMB – the type of objArray is DtmbTuningParameters. + +Return: None. + +### L.2.8.1.3 startScan + +Prototype: startScan(string jsonSIInfo) + +Description: Transferring the program information data in JSON format to the DTV component for analysis and storage. + +Since it is only data analysis and does not consume too much time, the synchronous mode is adopted. + +Parameter: jsonSIInfo – string type, applying the PSI/SI information in JSON format obtained from the operator's front-end. The detailed field definitions of JSON information are shown in Table L.7, Table L.8, Table L.9, Table L.10, Table L.11, and Table L.12, Table L.13, Table L.14, Table L.15 and Table L.16. + +Return: 0 – success; + +-1 – data format error. + +**Table L.7 – Data structure definition of configuration table program information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|---------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | Number | The version of the program data is used to ensure that the terminal and the front-end programs are consistent. The initial value of the front end is 1, and 1 is added to the value when the program data has any change, and it is consistent with the version in the NIT table. | +| OperatorID | Number | Operator number | +| NetWorkID | Number | Network ID | +| OperatorNames | Array | Operator name | +| DeliveryInfos | Object | Delivery stream information, frequency point information in the network. | +| Services | Array | Program information. | +| Groups | Array | Program grouping information. | + +**Table L.8 – Data structure definition of operator name information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|-------|--------|----------------| +| lang | String | Language type. | +| Name | String | Operator name. | + +**Table L.9 – Data structure definition of delivery information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|--------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------| +| DeliveryType | Number | Delivery type, 1: DVB-C, 2: DTMB-T, 3: ABS-S. | +| TSNumb | Number | Number of delivery streams. | +| Translates | Object | Frequency point information. | + +**Table L.10 – Data structure definition of frequency point information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|-------------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TsIndex | Number | Sequence number of delivery stream. | +| Name | String | Name of delivery stream. | +| OriginalNetworkID | Number | Original network ID. | +| TSId | Number | Delivery stream ID. | +| frequency | Number | Frequency, in kHz. | +| symboRate | Number | Symbol rate, in kbit/s. | +| Modulation | Number | Modulation mode, see SI definition: 0, reserved
1:16QAM, 2:32QAM, 3:64QAM
4:128QAM, 5:256QAM. | + +**Table L.11 – Data structure definition of program information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|-------------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| OriginalNetworkID | Number | Original network ID. | +| TSId | Number | Delivery stream ID. | +| ServerID | Number | Server ID. | +| TSId | Number | Delivery stream ID. | +| RegionCode | Array | Region code. | +| PcrPid | Number | PCR PID. | +| ServiceNames | Array | Program name (multi-encoding format name). | +| PMT Pid | Number | Pmt Pid, keep consistent with the description in the SDT table. | +| ServiceType | Number | Program type, see SI definition. | +| logicNo | Number | Logical channel number. | +| SoundChannel | Number | 0: Stereo, 1: Left channel, 2: Right channel, 3: Mono channel. | +| VolumeOffset | Number | Volume compensation value. The value range is negative 5 to positive 5. | +| Video | Object | Video stream information. | +| Audios | Array | Audio stream array. | +| OtherES | Array | Other data flow information. | + +**Table L.12 – Data structure definition of video stream information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|-----------|--------|---------------------------------| +| VideoPid | Number | Video stream PID. | +| VideoType | Number | Video stream encoding type. | +| CAInfo | Array | Conditional access information. | + +**Table L.13 – Data structure definition of audio stream information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|-----------|--------|---------------------------------| +| AudioLang | String | Language type. | +| AudioPid | Number | Audio PID. | +| AudioType | Number | Audio stream encoding type. | +| CAInfo | Array | Conditional access information. | + +**Table L.14 – Data structure definition of other elementary stream information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|--------|--------|---------------------------------| +| ESType | Number | Type of elementary stream. | +| Pid | Number | PID. | +| CAInfo | Array | Conditional access information. | + +**Table L.15 – Data structure definition of conditional access information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------| +| CASystemID | Number | Supplier ID of CA system. | +| EcmPid | Number | PID of control word. | + +**Table L.16 – Data structure definition of program grouping information** + +| Field | Type | Description | +|---------------|--------|---------------------------------------| +| Names | Array | Information of group name. | +| GroupID | Number | Number of group name. | +| GroupServices | Array | List of program numbers in the group. | + +Example: + +TVOS-SI + +``` +{ + "Version":0001, + "OperatorID":3356, + "NetWorkID":1234, + "OperatorNames":[ + { "Lang":"chi", + "Name":" Jilin Broadcasting", + }, + ], + "DeliveryInfo":{ + "DeliveryType":1, + "TSNumb": 25, + "Translates":[ +``` + +``` + + "TsIndex":1, + "Name":"ss" + "OriginalNetworkID":223, + "TSId":123, + "frequency":256000, + "symboRate":6875, + "Modulation":"64QAM", + ], +}, + +/* "DeliveryInfo":{ + "DeliveryType":"ABS-S", + "TSNumb": xxx, + "Translates":[ + "TsIndex":1, + "Name":"ss" + "OriginalNetworkID":223, + "TSId":123, + "Polarisation":00 + "frequency":300000, + "symboRate":6875, + ], +*/ + + "Services":[ +"OrgNetWorkID":223, +"TSID":123 + "ServerID":XXX, + "RegionCode":[xxx,xxx], + "PcrPid":2011, + "ServiceNames":[ + { "lang":"chi", + "ServiceName":" Jilin Satellite TV ", + "ProviderName":"Jilin TV Station", + }, + { "lang":"eng", + "ServiceName":"jilinweishi", + "ProviderName":"jilin", + }, + ], + ], +} + +``` + +``` + +], +"PMTPid":xxx, +"ServiceType":1, +"logicNo":xxx, +"SoundChannel":xxx, +"VolumeOffset":xxx, +"Video":{ + "VideoPid":xxx, + "VideoType":1, + "CAInfo":[ + "CASystemID":XXX + "EcmPid":xxx, + ], +}, +"Audios":[ + {"AudioLang":"ch", + "AudioPid":xxx, + "AudioType":1, + "CAInfo":[ + "CASystemID":XXX + "EcmPid":xxx, + ], + }, + {"AudioLang":"eng", + "AudioPid":xxx, + "AudioType":1, + "CAInfo":[ + "CASystemID":XXX + "EcmPid":xxx, + ], + }, +], +"OtherES":[ + "ESType":xx, + "Pid":xxx, + "CAInfo":[ + "CASystemID":XXX + ] +] + +``` + +``` + + "EcmPid":xxx, + ], +], +], +"Groups":[ + {"Names":[ +{ "lang":"chi", + "name":"HD", +}, +] + "GroupID":xxx + "GroupServices":[ + "ServiceID":123, + "ServiceID":125, + ] + }, +], +} + +``` + +#### L.2.8.1.4 stopScan + +Prototype: stopScan() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, terminating the channel scan. + +- If the termination succeeds, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_STOP\_SUCCESS is sent to the page; +- If the termination fails, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_STOP\_FAILED is sent to the page. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### L.2.8.1.5 update + +Prototype: number update() + +Description: Update PSI/SI data. + +Example: Use the PSI/SI data that has been successfully found in the area A to update the corresponding data in the area B, and the other data in the area B remain unchanged. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating the update was successful, the update failed. + +#### L.2.8.1.6 save + +Prototype: save() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, saving PSI/SI data to NVM. After the search is completed, call this method to update the data in the NVM, otherwise the original channel data will be maintained after restarting the receiving terminal. + +- If the save succeeds, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_SAVE\_SUCCESS will be sent to the page; +- If the save fails, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_SAVE\_FAILED will be sent to the page. + +Example: Saving the PSI/SI data in area B of RAM to area C in NVM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **L.2.8.1.7 revert** + +Prototype: revert() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, importing PSI/SI data from NVM to RAM. + +- If the import succeeds, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_REVERT\_SUCCESS will be sent to the page; +- If the import fails, MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_REVERT\_FAILED will be sent to the page. + +Example: After deleting all the data in the area B, reimport the PSI/SI data from the area C in the NVM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **L.2.8.1.8 deleteAll** + +Prototype: deleteAll() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, clearing PSI/SI data in RAM and NVM. + +- If the clearing succeeds, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_DELETE\_SUCCESS will be sent to the page; +- If the clearing fails, the message MSG\_DVB\_SCAN\_DELETE\_FAILED will be sent to the page. + +Example: Clear PSI/SI data in area B and area C. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +## Annex M + +### JavaScript-Broadcast protocol processing unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### M.1 Overview + +This annex defines JavaScript interfaces related to broadcast protocol processing, mainly including DVB protocol modules. + +#### M.2 DVB protocol processing module + +This module defines JS objects related to DVB broadcast protocol processing: DvbBroadcast, DvbNetwork, DvbBouquet, DvbTS, DvbService, DvbVideoES, DvbAudioES, DvbOtherES, the structure relationship is shown in Figure M.1. + +![Structure diagram of DVB protocol processing module object](3e719a8e608ad16194d4878e2d4fe35b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the hierarchical structure of DVB protocol processing objects. At the root is **DvbBroadcast**. It has direct associations with **DvbNetwork** (network\_id), **DvbBouquet** (network\_id, bouquet\_id), **DvbTS** (network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id), **DvbService** (network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id), and **DvbMosaic** (network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id). **DvbNetwork** and **DvbBouquet** both point to **DvbTS**. **DvbTS** points to **DvbService**. **DvbService** has associations with **DvbOtherES** (stream\_type, elementary\_PID), **DvbVideoES** (stream\_type, elementary\_PID), **DvbAudioES** (stream\_type, elementary\_PID), and **DvbLogicCell**. **DvbMosaic** also points to **DvbLogicCell**. The diagram is labeled J.1206(24). + +Structure diagram of DVB protocol processing module object + +Figure M.1 – Structure diagram of DVB protocol processing module object + +#### M.2.1 Message + +The message definition that the DVB protocol processing module may send to the application layer is shown in Table M.1. + +**Table M.1 – Message definition of DVB protocol processing module** + +| Message | event.which | event.modifiers | Description of message | +|--------------------|-------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_DVB_NIT_CHANGE | 11001 | number | NIT version changes, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"oldVersion":param1, "newVersion":param2} | +| MSG_DVB_PAT_CHANGE | 11002 | number | PAT version changes, the JSON format of the message character string is:
{"oldVersion":param1, "newVersion":param2} | +| Reserved | 11003~11200 | – | | + +The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type: + +- "number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description character string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the JSON format of the message character string, the message content will be retrieved according to the format. +- "-", indicating that event.modifiers is undefined. + +**M.2.2 Constants** + +The constant definition of the DVB protocol processing module is shown in Table M.2. + +**Table M.2 – DVB protocol processing module constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|--------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service type | | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_DTV = 0x01; | Digital TV Broadcasting Service | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_DAB = 0x02; | Digital Sound Broadcasting Service | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_TELETEXT = 0x03; | Teletext Service | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_REF = 0x04; | NVOD Reference Service | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_SHIFT = 0x05; | NVOD Time-shifted Service | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_MOSAIC = 0x06; | Mosaic Service | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_DATA = 0x0C; | Data Broadcasting Service | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_SD = 0x16; | Advanced coding standard definition digital TV (H.264) | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_SD_NVOD_SHIFT = 0x17; | Advanced coding standard definition NVOD time shift service (H.264) | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_SD_NVOD_REF = 0x18; | Advanced coding standard definition NVOD reference service (H.264) | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_HD = 0x19; | Advanced coding high-definition digital TV (H.264) | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_HD_NVOD_SHIFT = 0x1A; | Advanced encoding high-definition NVOD time shift service (H.264) | + +**Table M.2 – DVB protocol processing module constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_HD_NVOD_REF = 0x1B; | Advanced coding high-definition NVOD reference service (H.264) | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_3DHD = 0x1C; | Advanced encoding HD frame compatible with 3D digital TV (H.264) | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_3DHD_SHIFT = 0x1D; | Advanced encoding HD frame compatible with 3D NVOD time shift service (H.264) | +| const DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_AVC_3DHD_REF = 0x1E; | Advanced coding HD frame compatible with 3D NVOD reference service (H.264) | +| NOTE – The service type constant definition is quoted from GB/T 28161-2011 Table 70 "Service Type Coding" and ETSI EN 300 468 v1.12.1 (2011-10) Table 87 "Service type coding". | | +| Sorting basis | | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_NETWORK_ID = 0x01; | Sort by network_id. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_BOUQUET_ID = 0x02; | Sort by bouquet_id. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_ONET_ID = 0x03; | Sort by original_network_id. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_TS_ID = 0x04; | Sort by transport_stream_id. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_SERVICE_ID = 0x05; | Sort by service_id. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_SERVICE_TYPE = 0x06; | Sort by service_type. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_SERVICE_NAME = 0x07; | Sort by service_name. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_CHANNEL_ID = 0x10; | Sort by user channel number. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_LOGICAL_ID = 0x11; | Sort by logical channel number. | +| const DVB_SORT_TYPE_FTA_SCR = 0x20; | Sort according to whether it is encrypted or not. | +| Sorting method | | +| const DVB_SORT_ORDER_NONE = 0x00; | Do not sort. | +| const DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC = 0x01; |
  • – If the sorting basis is DVB_SORT_TYPE_FTA_SCR, it means non-encrypted to encrypted arrangement;
  • – If the sorting basis is other, it means sorting in ascending order.
| +| const DVB_SORT_ORDER_DESC = 0x02; |
  • – If the sorting basis is DVB_SORT_TYPE_FTA_SCR, it means encrypted to non-encrypted sorting;
  • – If the sorting basis is other, it means sorting in descending order.
| + +### M.2.3 DvbBroadcast object + +The DvbBroadcast object is a built-in object, which provides a method for obtaining PSI/SI information under the DVB technology system. + +#### M.2.3.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbBroadcast object property is shown in Table M.3. + +**Table M.3 – DvbBroadcast object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|--------------------|------------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| currentDvbNetwork | DvbNetwork | Read only | It indicates the current DvbNetwork object. | +| currentDvbBouquets | DvbBouquet array | Read only | It indicates the current array of DvbBouquet objects. | +| currentDvbTS | DvbTS | Read only | It indicates the current DvbTS object. | +| currentDvbService | DvbService | Read only | It indicates the current DvbService object. | +| currentDvbMosaic | DvbMosaic | Read only | It indicates the current DvbMosaic object. | + +**M.2.3.2 Method****M.2.3.2.1 getAllNetworks** + +Prototype: DvbNetwork[] getAllNetworks() + +Description: Getting all unidirectional broadcast network objects that the current receiving terminal can access, without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbNetwork objects. + +**M.2.3.2.2 getAllNetworks** + +Prototype: DvbNetwork[] getAllNetworks(sortOrder) + +Description: Getting all unidirectional broadcast network objects that the current receiving terminal can access, and sorting them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortOrder – number type, indicating the sorting method. The value is shown in the constant definition of "sorting method" in Table M.2. + +NOTE – It can only be sorted based on network\_id, that is, the sorting basis is DVB\_SORT\_TYPE\_NETWORK\_ID, see Table M.2 "Sorting basis" constant. + +Return: An array of DvbNetwork objects. + +**M.2.3.2.3 getNetwork** + +Prototype: DvbNetwork getNetwork(network\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified one-way broadcast network object. + +Parameter: network\_id – number type, indicating network ID. + +Return: DvbNetwork object. If the specified object does not exist, null is returned. + +**M.2.3.2.4 getAllBouquets** + +Prototype: DvbBouquet[] getAllBouquets() + +Description: Getting all one-way broadcast service group objects without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbBouquet objects. If there is no service group object (for example, the BAT table is not found in the stream), the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **M.2.3.2.5 getAllBouquets** + +Prototype: DvbBouquet[] getAllBouquets(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all one-way broadcast service group objects, sort them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray[] – an array of number type, indicating the sorting basis of DvbBouquet objects. There are at most two sorting basis, but cannot be repeated. The priority of the sorting basis is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority; each member of the array can be DVB\_SORT\_TYPE\_NETWORK\_ID and DVB\_SORT\_TYPE\_BOUQUET\_ID, see Table M.2 in the "sorting basis" constant. + +sortOrderArray[] – an array of number type, indicating the sorting method. The length of the array is consistent with the sortTypeArray parameter. The possible values of each member of the array are shown in Table M.2 "Sorting Method" constant definition. The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbBouquet objects. If there is no service group object (for example, the BAT table is not found in the stream), the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **M.2.3.2.6 getBouquet** + +Prototype: DvbBouquet getBouquet(network\_id, bouquet\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified one-way broadcast service group object. + +Parameter: network\_id – number type, indicating the network ID; + +bouquet\_id – number type, indicating service group ID. + +Return: DvbBouquet objects. If the specified object does not exist, null is returned. + +#### **M.2.3.2.7 getAllTSs** + +Prototype: DvbTS[] getAllTSs() + +Description: Getting all unidirectional broadcast delivery stream objects without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbTS objects. + +#### **M.2.3.2.8 getAllTSs** + +Prototype: DvbTS[] getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all unidirectional broadcast delivery stream objects, sort them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray[] – an array of number type, indicating the sorting basis of DvbTS objects. There are at most three sorting bases, but cannot be repeated. The priority of sorting basis is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority. Each member of the array can take the values DVB\_SORT\_TYPE\_NETWORK\_ID, DVB\_SORT\_TYPE\_ONET\_ID and DVB\_SORT\_TYPE\_TS\_ID, as shown in Table M.2 "Sorting basis" constant definition. + +sortOrderArray[] – an array of number type, indicating the sorting method. The length of the array is the same as the sortTypeArray parameter. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting method" in Table M.2". The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbTS objects. + +Example: + +``` +//Sort DvbTS objects in ascending order by original_network_id, and then sort them in +descending order by transport_stream_id +getAllTSs([DVB_SORT_TYPE_ONET_ID, DVB_SORT_TYPE_TS_ID], +[DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC,DVB_SORT_ORDER_DESC]); +``` + +#### **M.2.3.2.9 getTS** + +Prototype: DvbTS getTS(network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified unidirectional broadcast delivery stream object. + +Parameter: network\_id – number type, indicating the network ID. + +original\_network\_id – number type, indicating the original network ID; + +transport\_stream\_id – number type, indicating the delivery stream ID. + +Return: A DvbTS object. If the specified delivery stream object does not exist, null is returned. + +#### **M.2.3.2.10 getAllServices** + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices() + +Description: Getting all one-way broadcast service objects without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +#### **M.2.3.2.11 getAllServices** + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all one-way broadcast service objects and sort them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray[] – an array of number type, indicating the sorting basis of DvbService objects. There can be one or more sorting bases, but there cannot be repeated ones. The priority of the sorting basis is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting basis" in Table M.2". The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +Example: + +``` +//Sort the DvbService objects in ascending order by original_network_id, then sort them in +descending order by transport_stream_id, and then sort them in ascending order by +service_id +getAllServices([DVB_SORT_TYPE_ONET_ID, DVB_SORT_TYPE_TS_ID, +DVB_SORT_TYPE_SERVICE_ID], +[DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC,DVB_SORT_ORDER_DESC,DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC]); +``` + +#### **M.2.3.2.12 getService** + +Prototype: DvbService getService (network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified one-way broadcast service object. + +Parameter: network\_id – number type, indicating the network ID; +original\_network\_id – number type, indicating the original network ID; +transport\_stream\_id – number type, indicating the delivery stream ID; +service\_id – number type, indicating the service ID. + +Return: DvbService object. If the specified object does not exist, null is returned. + +#### **M.2.3.2.13 getAllMosaics** + +Prototype: DvbMosaic[] getAllMosaics() + +Description: Getting all mosaic objects without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbMosaic objects. If there is no mosaic object, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **M.2.3.2.14 getEntryMosaic** + +Prototype: DvbMosaic getEntryMosaic(network\_id) + +Description: Getting the entrance mosaic object of the specified network. + +Parameter: network\_id – number type, indicating the network ID. + +Return: A DvbMosaic object. If there is no mosaic object, null is returned. + +### **M.2.4 DvbNetwork object** + +The DvbNetwork object is a local object, which is used to describe the relevant information of the unidirectional broadcast network and is uniquely identified by network\_id. + +Example 1: + +``` +//Getting the DvbNetwork object through the properties of the DvbBroadcast object +var dvbNetwork = DvbBroadcast.currentDvbNetwork; +``` + +Example 2: + +``` +//Get an array of DvbNetwork objects through the method of the DvbBroadcast object, and then get +a single DvbNetwork object +var dvbNetworkArray[] = DvbBroadcast.getAllNetworks(sortOrder); +var dvbNetwork = dvbNetworkArray[i]; +``` + +Example 3: + +``` +//Getting the specified DvbNetwork object through the method of the DvbBroadcast object +var dvbNetwork = DvbBroadcast.getNetwork(network_id); +``` + +#### **M.2.4.1 Property** + +The definition of the DvbNetwork object property is shown in Table M.4. + +**Table M.4 – DvbNetwork object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the network identifier of the one-way broadcast network, which is used to distinguish other one-way broadcast networks. | +| network_name | string | Read only | It indicates the network name of the one-way broadcast network. | +| network_type | number | Read only | It indicates the delivery type of a one-way broadcast network. | + +**M.2.4.2 Method****M.2.4.2.1 getNetworkName** + +Prototype: string getNetworkName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the network. The full name of the network is obtained from descriptors of the network\_name\_descriptor or from the multilingual\_network\_name\_descriptor. This interface should return the full name of the network that matches the preferred language set by the user. If the full name of the network with the language encoding cannot be obtained from the descriptors of network\_name\_descriptor or multilingual\_network\_name\_descriptor, it will return the full name of the network carried in the network\_name\_descriptor by default. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the full name of the network. + +**M.2.4.2.2 getShortNetworkName** + +Prototype: string getShortNetworkName() + +Description: Getting the abbreviation of the network name. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the abbreviation of the network name, if there is no network name abbreviation, undefined is returned. + +Example:"[0x86]Asterix[0x87] Digital Satellite TV Network" + +Full name of the network:"Asterix Digital Satellite TV Network". + +Abbreviation of the network name:"Asterix". + +**M.2.4.2.3 getAllTSs** + +Prototype: DvbTS[] getAllTSs() + +Description: Getting all DvbTS objects in the current network object without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbTS objects. + +**M.2.4.2.4 getAllTSs** + +Prototype: DvbTS[] getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all DvbTS objects in the current network object and sort them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray – An array of number type, indicating the sorting basis. There can be one or more sorting bases, but they cannot be repeated. The priority of the sorting basis is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority. + +For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting basis" in Table M.2". + +sortOrderArray – An array of number type, indicating the sorting method. The length of the array is the same as the sortTypeArray parameter. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting method" in Table M.2. The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbTS objects. + +Example: + +``` +//Sort DvbTS objects in ascending order by original_network_id, and then sort them in +descending order by transport_stream_id +getAllTSs([DVB_SORT_TYPE_ONET_ID, DVB_SORT_TYPE_TS_ID], +[DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC,DVB_SORT_ORDER_DESC]); +``` + +#### **M.2.4.2.5 getTS** + +Prototype: DvbTS getTS(original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified DvbTS object in the current network object. + +Parameter: original\_network\_id – number type, indicating the original network ID; + +transport\_stream\_id – number type, indicating the delivery stream ID. + +Return: DvbTS object, if the specified object does not exist, it returns null. + +#### **M.2.4.2.6 getAllServices** + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices() + +Description: Getting all unidirectional broadcast service objects in the current network objects, without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +#### **M.2.4.2.7 getAllServices** + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all one-way broadcast service objects in the current network objects, and sort them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray[] – array of number type, indicating the sorting basis of DvbService objects. There can be one or more sorting bases, but they cannot be repeated. The priority of the sorting basis is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant of "Sorting basis" in Table M.2". + +sortOrderArray[] – An array of number type, indicating the sorting method of DvbService objects. The length of the array is the same as the sortTypeArray parameter. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant of "Sorting method" in Table M.2. The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +Example: + +``` +//Sort the DvbService objects in ascending order by original_network_id, and then sort them +in descending order by transport_stream_id, +``` + +``` + +//Sort them in ascending order by service_id +getAllServices([DVB_SORT_TYPE_ONET_ID, DVB_SORT_TYPE_TS_ID, + DVB_SORT_TYPE_SERVICE_ID], + [DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC,DVB_SORT_ORDER_DESC,DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC]); + +``` + +#### M.2.4.2.8 getService + +Prototype: DvbService getService(original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id) + +Description: Getting the one-way broadcast service object specified in the current network object. + +Parameter: original\_network\_id – number type, indicating the original network ID; + +transport\_stream\_id – number type, indicating the delivery stream ID; + +service\_id – number type, indicating the service ID. + +Return: DvbService object, if the specified object does not exist, null is returned. + +### M.2.5 DvbBouquet object + +DvbBouquet object is a local object, used to describe one-way broadcast service group information, and is uniquely identified by network\_id and bouquet\_id. + +Example 1: + +``` + +//Get an array of DvbBouquet objects through the method of the DvbBroadcast object, and then get +// a single DvbBouquet object +var dvbBouquetArray[] = DvbBroadcast.getAllBouquets(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +var dvbBouquet = dvbBouquetArray[i]; + +``` + +Example 2: + +``` + +//Getting the specified DvbBouquet object through the method of the Broadcast object +var dvbBouquet = DvbBroadcast.getBouquet(network_id, bouquet_id); + +``` + +Example 3: + +``` + +//Getting the current array of DvbBouquet objects through the properties of the Broadcast object +var dvbBouquets[] = DvbBroadcast.currentDvbBouquets; + +``` + +#### M.2.5.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbBouquet object property is shown in Table M.5. + +**Table M.5 – DvbBouquet property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------| +| network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the one-way broadcast network identifier. | +| bouquet_id | number | Read only | It indicates the one-way broadcast service group identifier. | +| bouquet_name | string | Read only | It indicates the name of the one-way broadcast service group. | + +### **M.2.5.2 Method** + +#### **M.2.5.2.1 getBouquetName** + +Prototype: string getBouquetName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the service group. The full name of the service group is obtained from descriptors of the bouquet\_name\_descriptor descriptor or from the multilingual\_bouquet\_name\_descriptor. This interface should return the full name of the service group that matches the preferred language set by the user. If the full name of the service group encoded in the language cannot be obtained from descriptors of the bouquet\_name\_descriptor or multilingual\_bouquet\_name\_descriptor, it will return the full name of the service group carried in the bouquet\_name\_descriptor by default. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the full name of the service group. + +#### **M.2.5.2.2 getShortBouquetName** + +Prototype: string getShortBouquetName() + +Description: Getting the abbreviation of the service group name. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the abbreviation of the service group name. If the abbreviation of the service group name does not exist, undefined is returned. + +#### **M.2.5.2.3 getAllTSs** + +Prototype: DvbTS[] getAllTSs() + +Description: Getting all DvbTS objects in the current service group objects without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbTS objects. + +#### **M.2.5.2.4 getAllTSs** + +Prototype: DvbTS[] getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all DvbTS objects in the current service group objects, and sort them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray – An array of number type, indicating the sorting basis. There can be one or more sorting bases, but they cannot be repeated. The priority of sorting is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting basis" in Table M.2. + +sortOrderArray – An array of number type, indicating the sorting method. The length of the array is the same as the sortTypeArray parameter. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting method" in Table M.2. The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbTS objects. + +#### **M.2.5.2.5 getTS** + +Prototype: DvbTS getTS(original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified DvbTS object in the current service group objects. + +Parameter: original\_network\_id – number type, indicating the original network ID; + +transport\_stream\_id – number type, indicating the delivery stream ID. + +Return: DvbTS object. If the specified object does not exist, null is returned. + +#### **M.2.5.2.6 getAllServices** + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices() + +Description: Getting all DvbService objects in the current service group without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +#### **M.2.5.2.7 getAllServices** + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all DvbService objects in the current service group, and sort them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray[] – An array of number type, indicating the sorting basis of DvbService objects. There can be one or more sorting bases, but they cannot be repeated. The priority of sorting is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting basis" in Table M.2. + +sortOrderArray[] – An array of number type, indicating the sorting method of DvbService objects. The length of the array is the same as the sortTypeArray parameter. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting method" in Table M.2. The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +#### **M.2.5.2.8 getService** + +Prototype: DvbService getService(original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified DvbService object in the current service group. + +Parameter: original\_network\_id – number type, indicating the original network ID; + +transport\_stream\_id – number type, indicating the delivery stream ID; + +service\_id – number type, indicating the service ID. + +Return: DvbService object. If the specified object does not exist, null is returned. + +### **M.2.6 DvbTS object** + +The DvbTS object is a local object, used to describe the information related to the unidirectional broadcast delivery stream, and is uniquely identified by network\_id, original\_network\_id, and transport\_stream\_id. + +Example 1: + +``` +//Getting the current DvbTS object through the properties of DvbBroadcast +var dvbTS = DvbBroadcast.currentTS; +``` + +Example 2: + +``` +//Getting an array of DvbTS objects through the method of the DvbBroadcast object, and then +getting a single DvbTS object +var dvbTSArray[] = DvbBroadcast.getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +``` + +``` +var dvbTS = dvbTSArray[i]; +``` + +Example 3: + +``` +//Getting the specified DvbTS object through the method of the DvbBroadcast object +var dvbTS = DvbBroadcast.getTS(network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id); +``` + +Example 4: + +``` +//Getting an array of DvbTS objects through the method of the DvbNetwork object, and then +//get a single DvbTS object +var dvbTSArray[] = dvbNetwork.getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +var dvbTS = dvbTSArray[i]; +``` + +Example 5: + +``` +//Getting the specified DvbTS object through the method of the DvbNetwork object +var dvbTS = dvbNetwork.getTS(original_network_id, transport_stream_id); +``` + +Example 6: + +``` +//Getting an array of DvbTS objects through the method of the DvbBouquet object, and then get +//a single DvbTS object +var dvbTSArray[] = dvbBouquet.getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +var dvbTS = dvbTSArray[i]; +``` + +Example 7: + +``` +//Getting the specified DvbTS object through the method of the DvbBouquet object +var dvbTS = dvbBouquet.getTS(original_network_id, transport_stream_id); +``` + +### M.2.6.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbTS object property is shown in Table M.6. + +**Table M.6 – DvbTS object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------------|-----------------------|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the network ID to which the transport stream belongs. | +| original_network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the original network ID of the transport stream. | +| transport_stream_id | number | Read only | It indicates the transport stream ID. | +| deliveryType | number | Read only | It indicates the type of transport system, see the constant definition of "DVB transport system type" for the value. | +| dvbsTuningParams | DvbsTuning Parameters | Read only | It indicates DVB-S tuning and demodulation parameters. When deliveryType=DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DVB_S, this property is valid. | +| dvbcTuningParams | DvbcTuning Parameters | Read only | It indicates DVB-C tuning and demodulation parameters. When deliveryType=DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DVB_C, this property is valid. | + +**Table M.6 – DvbTS object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|-------------------|-----------------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| dvbtTuningParams | DvbtTuningParameters | Read only | It indicates DVB-T tuning and demodulation parameters. When deliveryType=DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DVB_T, this property is valid. | +| absssTuningParams | AbsssTuningParameters | Read only | It indicates ABS-SS tuning and demodulation parameters. When deliveryType=DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_ABS_SS, this property is valid. | +| dtmbTuningParams | DtmbTuningParameters | Read only | It indicates DTMB tuning and demodulation parameters. When deliveryType=DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DTM B, this property is valid. | +| signalQuality | number | Read only | It indicates the signal quality of the frequency point where the transport stream is located, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating the worst signal, and 100 indicating the best signal. | +| signalStrength | number | Read only | It indicates the signal strength of the frequency point where the transport stream is located, with a value range of 0-100, 0 indicating the weakest signal, and 100 indicating the strongest signal. | +| errorRate | string | Read only | It indicates the bit error rate of the frequency point where the transport stream is located. | +| signalLevel | string | Read only | It indicates the signal level of the frequency point where the transport stream is located. | +| signalNoiseRatio | string | Read only | It indicates the signal-to-noise ratio of the frequency point where the transport stream is located. | + +## M.2.6.2 Method + +### M.2.6.2.1 getAllServices + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices() + +Description: Getting all DvbService objects in the current delivery stream, without sorting. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +### M.2.6.2.2 getAllServices + +Prototype: DvbService[] getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Getting all DvbService objects in the current delivery stream, and sorting them in a specified way. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray[] – An array of number type, indicating the sorting basis of DvbService objects. There can be one or more sorting bases, but they cannot be repeated. The priority of sorting is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher + +the priority. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting basis" in Table M.2. + +sortOrderArray[] – An array of number type, indicating the sorting method of DvbService objects. The length of the array is the same as the sortTypeArray parameter. For the value of each member of the array, see the constant definition of "Sorting method" in Table M.2. The sortOrderArray and sortTypeArray must correspond one-to-one, that is, sortOrderArray[i] is only applicable to sortTypeArray[i]. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. + +#### **M.2.6.2.3 getServiceByID** + +Prototype: DvbService getServiceByID(service\_id) + +Description: Getting the specified DvbService object in the current delivery stream. + +Parameter: service\_id – number type, indicating the service ID. + +Return: DvbService object. If the specified object does not exist, null is returned. + +#### **M.2.6.2.4 getServicesByType** + +Prototype: DvbService[] getServicesByType(service\_type) + +Description: Getting all DvbService objects of the specified service type in the current delivery stream. + +Parameter: service\_type – number type, indicating the service type, for the value, please see the constant definition of "Service type" in Table M.2. + +Return: An array of DvbService objects. If the specified service object does not exist, the length of the returned array is 0. + +### **M.2.7 DvbService object** + +The DvbService object is a local object, used to describe information related to one-way broadcast services, and is uniquely identified by network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, and service\_id. + +Example 1: + +``` +//Getting the current DvbService object through the properties of the DvbBroadcast object. +``` + +``` +var dvbService = DvbBroadcast.currentDvbService; +``` + +Example 2: + +``` +//Through the method of the DvbBroadcast object, get an array of DvbService objects, and then get a single DvbService object. +``` + +``` +var dvbServiceArray = DvbBroadcast.getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +``` + +``` +var dvbService = dvbServiceArray[i]; +``` + +Example 3: + +``` +//Through the method of the DvbNetwork object, get an array of DvbService objects, and then get a single DvbService object. +``` + +``` +var dvbServiceArray = dvbNetwork.getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +``` + +``` +var dvbService = dvbServiceArray[i]; +``` + +Example 4: + +``` +//Getting the specified DvbService object through the method of the DvbNetwork object. +``` + +``` +var dvbService = dvbNetwork.getService(original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id); +``` + +Example 5: + +``` +//Through the method of the DvbBouquet object, get an array of DvbService objects, and then get a single DvbService object. +var dvbServiceArray = dvbBouquet.getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +var dvbService = dvbServiceArray[i]; +``` + +Example 6: + +``` +//Getting the specified array of the DvbService object through the method of the DvbBouquet object. +var dvbService = dvbBouquet.getService(original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id); +``` + +Example 7: + +``` +//Through the method of the DvbTS object, get an array of DvbService objects, and then get a single DvbService object. +var dvbServiceArray = dvbTS.getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]); +var dvbService = dvbServiceArray[i]; +``` + +Example 8: + +``` +//Getting the specified DvbService object through the method of the DvbTS object. +var dvbService = dvbTS.getServiceByID(service_id); +``` + +Example 9: + +``` +//Getting the specified array of the DvbService object through the method of the DvbTS object, and then get a single DvbService object. +var dvbServiceArray = dvbTS.getServicesByType(service_type); +var dvbService = dvbServiceArray[i]; +``` + +### M.2.7.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbService object property is shown in Table M.7. + +**Table M.7 – DvbService object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------------|--------|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the network ID where the service is located. | +| original_network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the original network ID where the service is located. | +| transport_stream_id | number | Read only | It indicates the transport stream ID where the service is located. | +| service_id | number | Read only | It indicates the service ID. | +| service_name | string | Read only | It indicates the service name. | +| service_type | number | Read only | It indicates the service type, see the constant definition of "Service type" for the value. | + +**Table M.7 – DvbService object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|----------------------------|--------------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| service_provider_name | string | Read only | It indicates the name of the service provider. | +| running_status | number | Read only | It indicates the operating status of the service, and the value is:
  • – 0-undefined;
  • – 1-not running;
  • – 2-Start after a few seconds (for example, video recording);
  • – 3-Pause;
  • – 4-Running;
  • – 5-7-Reserved for use.
NOTE – For NVOD service, running_status=0. | +| EIT_present_following_flag | boolean | Read only | It describes whether the current/follow-up information of the service exists in the current transport stream, the value is:
  • – true-indicating that the current/follow-up information of the EIT of the service exists in the current transport stream;
  • – false-indicating that the current/follow-up information of the EIT of the service is not in the current transport stream.
| +| EIT_schedule_flag | boolean | Read only | It describes whether the EIT schedule information of the service exists in the current transport stream, the value is:
  • – true-indicating that the EIT schedule information of the service exists in the current transport stream.
  • – false-indicating that the EIT schedule information of the service is not in the current transport stream.
| +| free_CA_mode | boolean | Read only | It describes whether the service is scrambled, the value is:
  • – true-the receiving of one or more code streams is controlled by the CA system;
  • – false-all components of the service are not scrambled.
| +| bouquetIDs | number Array | Read only | Get the ID array of all the service groups to which the service belongs, and arrange them in ascending order by bouquet_id. | +| referServiceID | number | Read only | If service_type=SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_SHIFT, the service_id of the corresponding reference service can be obtained through this property, otherwise the property returns undefined. | +| timeShiftServiceIDs | number Array | Read only | If service_type = SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_REF, the service_id of all corresponding time-shift services can be obtained through this property, otherwise the property returns undefined. | + +**Table M.7 – DvbService object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------|------------|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------| +| curVideoObj | DvbVideoES | Read only | It indicates the video ES currently being played by the service. | +| curAudioObj | DvbAudioES | Read only | It indicates the audio ES currently being played by the service. | +| PCRPID | number | Read only | It indicates the PCR PID referenced by the service. | + +**M.2.7.2 Method** + +**M.2.7.2.1 getServiceName** + +Prototype: string getServiceName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the service. The full name of the service is obtained from descriptors of the service\_descriptor or the multilingual\_service\_name\_descriptor. This interface should return the full name of the service that matches the preferred language set by the user. If the full name of the service encoded in the language cannot be obtained from descriptors of the service\_descriptor or multilingual\_service\_name\_descriptor, it will return the full name of the service carried in the service\_descriptor by default. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the full name of the service. + +**M.2.7.2.2 getShortServiceName** + +Prototype: string getShortServiceName() + +Description: Getting the abbreviation of the service name. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the abbreviation of the service name. If the abbreviation of the service name does not exist, undefined is returned. + +Example: The [0x86]P[0x87]ay [0x86]M[0x87]ovie [0x86]C[0x87]hannel + +Full name of the service – "The Pay Movie Channel". + +Abbreviation of the service – "PMC". + +**M.2.7.2.3 getLocation** + +Prototype: string getLocation() + +Description: Getting the service path described by the three elements of original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, and service\_id. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type. + +**M.2.7.2.4 getEvents** + +Prototype: DvbEvent[] getEvents(start, end) + +Description: Getting the DvbEvent object within the specified time range of the service. + +Parameter: start – string type, indicating the starting time, the format is "YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss"; + +end – string type, indicating the ending time, the format is "YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss". + +Return: An array of DvbEvent objects. If the specified object does not exist, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **M.2.7.2.5 getVideoESs** + +Prototype: DvbVideoES[] getVideoESs() + +Description: Getting all the video streams included in the service (including any video format type). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbVideoES objects. If there is no such object, the length of the returned array is 0. + +getAudioESs + +Prototype: DvbAudioES[] getAudioESs() + +Description: Getting all audio streams included in the service (including any audio format types). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbAudioES objects. If there is no such object, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **M.2.7.2.6 getOtherESs** + +Prototype: DvbOtherES[] getOtherESs() + +Description: Getting all non-video and audio streams included in the service. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An array of DvbOtherES objects. If there is no such object, the length of the returned array is 0. + +DvbVideoES object + +The DvbVideoES object is a local object, used to describe the video elementary stream information in a certain service. + +#### **M.2.7.3 Property** + +The definition of the DvbVideoES object property is shown in Table M.8. + +**Table M.8 – Table of DvbVideoES property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|----------------------|-------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| stream_type | number | Read only | It indicates the type of video elementary stream, the value is:
– 0x01-GB/T 17191.2 video;
– 0x02-ISO/IEC 13818-2 video or GB/T 17191.2 restricted parameter video stream. | +| elementary_PID | number | Read only | Get the PID of the transport stream carrying the video elementary stream. | +| component_tag | number | Read only | It indicates the component ID.
The system should obtain information from the stream_identifier_descriptor related to the elementary stream.
If there is no information available, it is set to -1 by default. | + +## M.2.8 DvbAudioES object + +The DvbAudioES object is a local object, used to describe the audio elementary stream information in a certain service. + +### M.2.8.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbAudioES object property is shown in Table M.9. + +**Table M.9 – Table of DvbAudioES property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|----------------|--------|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| stream_type | number | Read only | It indicates the type of audio elementary stream, the value is:
– 0x03-GB/T 17191.3 audio;
– 0x04-ISO/IEC 13818-3 audio. | +| elementary_PID | number | Read only | It indicates the PID of the transport stream that carries the audio elementary stream. | +| component_tag | number | Read only | It indicates the component ID.
The system should obtain information from the stream_identifier_descriptor related to the elementary stream. If there is no information available, it is set to -1 by default. | +| Lingual | string | Read only | It indicates the audio language, and the three-letter code of the language follows the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. | + +## M.2.9 DvbOtherES object + +The DvbOtherES object is a local object, which is used to store the elementary stream information in a certain service except for audio and video. + +### M.2.9.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbOtherES object property is shown in Table M.10. + +**Table M.10 – Table of DvbOtherES property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|----------------|--------|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| stream_type | number | Read only | It indicates the type of elementary stream, and the value is other allowed values except 0x01, 0x02, 0x03 and 0x04. | +| elementary_PID | number | Read only | It indicates the PID of the transport stream that carries the elementary stream. | +| component_tag | number | Read only | It indicates the component ID.
The system should obtain information from the stream_identifier_descriptor related to the elementary stream. If there is no information available, it is set to -1 by default. | + +## M.2.10 DvbEvent object + +The DvbEvent object is a local object, used to save program event information in digital TV broadcasting and sound broadcasting channels, and is uniquely identified by network\_id, original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service, and event\_id. + +Example: + +//The DvbEvent object can be obtained in the following ways. + +``` +var dvbEventArray[] = dvbService.getEvents(startDate, endDate). +``` + +### M.2.10.1 Property + +The definition of the DvbEvent object property is shown in Table M.11. + +**Table M.11 – Table of DvbEvent property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------------|--------|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the network ID to which the program event belongs. | +| original_network_id | number | Read only | It indicates the original network ID to which the program event belongs. | +| transport_stream_id | number | Read only | It indicates the transport stream ID to which the program event belongs. | +| service_id | number | Read only | It indicates the service ID to which the program event belongs. | +| event_id | number | Read only | It indicates the program event ID. | +| event_name | string | Read only | It indicates the name of the program event. | +| event_description | string | Read only | It indicates the description of the program event. | +| running_status | number | Read only | It indicates the running status of the program event, the value is:
  • – 0-undefined;
  • – 1-not running;
  • – 2-Start after a few seconds (for example, video recording);
  • – 3-Pause;
  • – 4-Running;
  • – 5-7-Reserved for use.
NOTE – For NVOD reference program events, running_status=0. | +| startDate | string | Read only | It indicates the starting date of the event playing, the format is "YYYY-MM-DD". | +| startTime | string | Read only | It indicates the starting time of the event playing, the format is "hh:mm:ss". | +| Duration | number | Read only | It indicates the duration of the event playback, in seconds. | +| endDate | string | Read only | It indicates the ending date of the event playing, the format is "YYYY-MM-DD". | +| endTime | string | Read only | It indicates the ending time of the event playback, the format is "hh:mm:ss". | +| content_nibble | number | Read only | It indicates the event classification value (8 bits), where the upper 4 bits are the first-level program content classification value (content_nibble_level_1), and the lower 4 bits are the second-level program content classification value (content_nibble_level_2). | + +**Table M.11 – Table of DvbEvent property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------|---------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| user_nibble | number | Read only | It indicates the classification value (8 bits) defined by the event operator, where the upper 4 bits are the first-level program content classification value (content_nibble_level_1), and the lower 4 bits are the second-level program content classification value (content_nibble_level_2). | +| minAge | number | Read only | It indicates the minimum age at which the event can be watched. | +| free_CA_mode | boolean | Read only | It indicates whether the event is scrambled, the value is:
–true-scrambled;
–false-No scrambling. | + +**M.2.10.2 Method** + +**M.2.10.2.1 getEventName** + +Prototype: string getEventName() + +Description: Getting the full name of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the full name of the program event. + +**M.2.10.2.2 getShortEventName** + +Prototype: string getShortEventName() + +Description: Getting the abbreviation of the program event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the abbreviation of the program event. If the abbreviation of the event does not exist, undefined is returned. + +**M.2.10.2.3 getEventDescription** + +Prototype: string getEventDescription() + +Description: Getting the description information of the program event. The program event description information is obtained from the description of short\_event\_descriptor. This method should return the program event description information that matches the preferred language set by the user. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the description of the program event. + +**M.2.10.2.4 getLocation** + +Prototype: string getLocation() + +Description: Getting the event locator described by the four elements of original\_network\_id, transport\_stream\_id, service\_id and event\_id. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the program event locator. + +## Annex N + +### JavaScript-Two-way broadband network access unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### N.1 Overview + +This annex defines the functional modules related to two-way broadband network access control: broadband network settings. + +#### N.2 Broadband network setting module + +This module defines JS objects related to broadband network settings: Broadband, Ethernet, IP, Proxy, and the relationship is shown in Figure N.1. + +![Schematic diagram of object relationship of broadband network setting module. The diagram shows a hierarchy starting with 'Broadband' pointing to 'Ethernet'. 'Ethernet' then branches into 'IP', 'HTTPProxy', 'HTTPSProxy', and 'FTPProxy'. 'HTTPProxy', 'HTTPSProxy', and 'FTPProxy' each point to a 'Proxy' object. The diagram is labeled J.1206(24).](a778fc9682c362144fcda283efe747fa_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + Broadband --> Ethernet + Ethernet --> IP + Ethernet --> HTTPProxy --> Proxy1[Proxy] + Ethernet --> HTTPSProxy --> Proxy2[Proxy] + Ethernet --> FTPProxy --> Proxy3[Proxy] + +``` + +Schematic diagram of object relationship of broadband network setting module. The diagram shows a hierarchy starting with 'Broadband' pointing to 'Ethernet'. 'Ethernet' then branches into 'IP', 'HTTPProxy', 'HTTPSProxy', and 'FTPProxy'. 'HTTPProxy', 'HTTPSProxy', and 'FTPProxy' each point to a 'Proxy' object. The diagram is labeled J.1206(24). + +Figure N.1 – Schematic diagram of object relationship of broadband network setting module + +#### N.2.1 Message + +The definition of messages that the broadband network setting module may send to the application layer is shown in Table N.1. + +Table N.1 – Messages of broadband network setting module + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|---------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_BROADBAND_SAVE_CFG_SUCCESS | 12001 | – | The network configuration information was successfully written to the NVM. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_SAVE_CFG_FAILED | 12002 | – | Failed to write network configuration information to NVM. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_SUBMIT_SUCCESS | 12003 | – | The network configuration parameters were submitted successfully. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_SUBMIT_FAILED | 12004 | – | Failed to submit network configuration parameters. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_NTP_READY_SUCCESS | 12005 | – | The synchronization of the network NTP time is successful. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_NTP_SYNC_TIMEOUT | 12006 | – | The synchronization of the network NTP time timed out. | + +**Table N.1 – Messages of broadband network setting module** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|----------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Reserved | 12007~12014 | | | +| MSG_BROADBAND_DHCP_READY_SUCCESS | 12015 | – | The network DHCP function is successfully enabled. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_DHCP_TIMEOUT | 12016 | – | The network DHCP function has timed out. | +| Reserved | 12017~12027 | | | +| MSG_BROADBAND_PING_RESPONSE | 12028 | number | PING command response. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_GET_NETWORK_STATE | 12029 | number | Network status, the message description string JSON format is:
{
"targetAddress":param1 Note 1 ,
"lostPacketRate":param2 Note 2 ,
"bandwidth":param3 Note 3 ,
"delay":param4 Note 4
} | +| MSG_BROADBAND_LINK_AP_SUCCESS | 12030 | – | The wireless AP is successfully connected. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_LINK_AP_FAILED | 12031 | – | Failed to connect the wireless AP. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_SCAN_AP_FIND | 12032 | number | Each time a wireless hotspot is successfully found, the message is sent. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_SCAN_AP_SUCCESS | 12033 | number | Send the message when the designated number of wireless hotspots are searched. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_SCAN_AP_FAILED | 12034 | – | If no wireless hotspot is found within the specified timeout period, the message will be sent. | +| Reserved | 12035~12055 | | | +| MSG_BROADBAND_DISCONNECTED | 12056 | – | The network cable is disconnected. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_CONNECTED | 12057 | – | The network cable is connected. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_LAN_DISCONNECTED | 12058 | – | This message is sent when the network is disconnected. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_LAN_CONNECTED | 12059 | – | This message is sent when the network is connected. | +| MSG_BROADBAND_IP_RENEW | 12060 | number | In DHCP mode, the IP address is automatically updated. | +| Reserved | 12061~12500 | | | + +**Table N.1 – Messages of broadband network setting module** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|---------------------| +| The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type is:
– "Number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the message string JSON format, the message content will be retrieved according to the format.
– "-", indicating that event.modifiers is undefined.
NOTE 1 – param1: string type, indicating the target IP address.
NOTE 2 – param2: number type, indicating packet loss rate.
NOTE 3 – param3: number type, indicating bandwidth, in Mbps.
NOTE 4 – param2: number type, indicating delay, in ms. | | | | + +## N.2.2 Broadband object + +The Broadband object is a built-in object that describes the properties of two-way broadband and network configuration information. + +### N.2.2.1 Property + +The definition of Broadband object property is shown in Table N.2. + +**Table N.2 – Property of Broadband object** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| portalIP | string | Read only | It indicates the IP address of the portal server, the format is:
– IPv4-"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details;
– IPv6-"x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. | +| portalPort | number | Read only | It indicates the port of the portal server. | +| appServerIP | string | Read only | It indicates the IP address of the application download server, format:
– IPv4-"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details;
– IPv6-"x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. | +| appServerPort | number | Read only | It indicates the port of the application download server. | +| Host | string | Read only | It indicates a character string with which the network recognizes the terminal device, that is, the host name, which does not exceed 255 bytes. The terminal device can also be identified by this name in the LAN. | +| workGroup | string | Read only | It indicates the workgroup to which the network belongs. | + +### N.2.2.2 Method + +#### N.2.2.2.1 getAllEthernets + +Prototype: Ethernet[] getAllEthernets() + +Description: Getting all broadband network equipment objects of the receiving terminal. + +Parameter: empty. + +Return: Array of Ethernet objects. If there is no such object, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### N.2.2.2.2 ping + +Prototype: ping(address, parameter) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, executing the ping command of the operating system. Each time the system receives a ping packet response, it sends a message MSG\_BROADBAND\_PING\_RESPONSE to the page, the event.modifiers property returns the ID of the message description string, and the message description string is obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. + +Parameter: address – string type, indicating the target address of the ping command, which can be IP or domain name. + +parameter – string type, indicating the parameter of the ping command, the value is: + +- "-t"–indicating continuous ping the target address until manually stopped. + +Return: None. + +#### **N.2.2.2.3 cancelPing** + +Prototype: number cancelPing() + +Description: Cancel the ongoing ping operation. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the value being: + +- 0-indicating that the current ping operation has ended or there is currently no ping operation; +- 1-indicating that the ping operation being executed has been successfully stopped. + +#### **N.2.2.2.4 queryNetworkState** + +Prototype: queryNetworkState(targetAddress) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, getting the network status from the current network to the specified target address. When the operation is completed, the system should send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_GET\_NETWORK\_STATE to the page, the property of event.modifiers returns the ID of the message description string, and the message description string is obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo(ID) method. The JSON format is: + +``` +{ + "targetAddress":"192.168.1.12", + "lostPacketRate":0, + "bandwidth":8, + "delay":100 +} +``` + +where: + +- targetAddress – string type, indicating the target address, the format is: + - IPv4 – "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details; + - IPv6 – "x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. +- lostPacketRate – number type, indicating the packet loss rate, percentage, and the value range being 0~100; +- bandwidth – number type, indicating the bandwidth, in Mbps; +- delay – number type, indicating the delay, in milliseconds. + +Parameter: *targetAddress*–string type, indicating the target IP address, the format is: + +- IPv4 – "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details; +- IPv6 – "x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. + +Return: None. + +#### N.2.2.2.5 getDeviceState + +Prototype: number getDeviceState(device) + +Description: Getting device status. + +Parameter: *device* – String type, indicating the device name, the device type can be network card or cable modem. + +- If it is a network card, the value is "eth0", "eth1", etc.; +- If it is a cable modem, the value is "cm". + +Return: number type, the device status value is shown in Table N.3. + +**Table N.3 – Table of device status** + +| Device | Return value | Description | +|-------------------------------------------|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| All devices are applicable | 0 | The device does not exist and cannot be accessed. | +| | 1 | The device exists, but the status cannot be obtained. | +| eth0, eth1 and other network card devices | 101 | The network cable is connected. | +| | 102 | The network cable is off. | +| Cm | 201 | The network connection is normal. | +| | 202 | The network connection is interrupted. | +| | 203 | The network status does not change, but it is bad. | +| | 204 | The communication between the Cable Modem and the receiving terminal is interrupted. | +| | 205 | The communication between the Cable Modem and the receiving terminal is interrupted, the reconnection is performed. | + +#### N.2.2.2.6 NTPUpdate + +Prototype: boolean NTPUpdate() + +Description: An asynchronous method, synchronizing NTP time. + +- If the page gets the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_NTP\_READY\_SUCCESS, it indicates that the synchronization of the network NTP time is successful; +- If the page gets the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_NTP\_SYNC\_TIMEOUT, it indicates that the synchronization of the network NTP time has timed out. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating that the execution of the synchronization of NTP time starts, false indicating that the execution is not performed. + +NOTE – The return value only indicates whether the program starts to perform the synchronization of NTP time, and does not indicate the actual synchronization result. The actual synchronization result is notified by a message. + +If it returns false, it may be caused by reasons such as not setting the NTP server. + +#### N.2.2.2.7 save + +Prototype: save() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, writing network information into NVM. + +- If the save is successful, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_SAVE\_CFG\_SUCCESS; +- If the save fails, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_SAVE\_CFG\_FAILED. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### N.2.3 Ethernet object + +The Ethernet object is a local object, used to describe the detailed information of the local network card, and corresponds to the network card one-to-one, that is, the number of the network cards corresponds the number of the Ethernet objects. + +Example: + +``` +var ethernetArray = Broadband.getAllEthernets();//Getting an array of all network card objects of the receiving terminal +``` + +``` +var ethernet = ethernetArray[i]; +``` + +#### N.2.3.1 Property + +The definition of the Ethernet object property is shown in Table N.4. + +**Table N.4 – Ethernet object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|----------------|---------|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| enableFlag | number | Read/write | It indicates whether the network card is available, which is equivalent to the enable or disable function on the PC, the value is:
– 1-indicating that the network card is available;
– 0-indicating that the network card is not available.
NOTE – The submitParameters() method takes effect only upon being called. | +| DHCPflag | boolean | Read/write | It indicates whether to enable DHCP, the value is:
– true-indicating DHCP is enabled;
– false-indicating DHCP is disabled.
NOTE – The submitParameters() method take effect only upon being called. | +| DHCPAutoGetDNS | number | Read/write | It indicates whether this Ethernet object uses automatically obtained DNS, the value is:
– 0-indicating do not use dynamically obtained DNS, but use manually set DNS;
– 1-indicating use dynamically obtained DNS instead of manually set DNS.
If Ethernet.DHCPflag=false; Setting this property is invalid.
NOTE – The submitParameters() method takes effect only upon being called. | +| description | string | Read only | It indicates the description information of the network card. | + +**Table N.4 – Ethernet object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|-----------------------|--------------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MACAddress | string | Read only | It indicates the 6-byte physical address of the current network card, and every two hexadecimal numbers are separated by "-", such as "00-15-F2-63-7A-83". | +| Ips | IP Array | Read only | It indicates an array of IP objects. | +| DNSs | string Array | Read only | It indicates an array of DNS server IP addresses, the format is:
–IPv4-"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details;
–IPv6-"x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. | +| DHCPLeaseObtained | string | Read only | It indicates the start time of IP address lease in DHCP mode, the format is: yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss. | +| DHCPLeaseExpires | string | Read only | It indicates the expiration time of the IP address in DHCP mode, the format is: yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss. | +| DHCP-IP | IP | Read only | It indicates an IP object dynamically assigned by DHCP. | +| DHCP-Server | string | Read only | It indicates that the IP address of the DHCP server is provided on the current network, the format is:
–IPv4-"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details;
–IPv6-"x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. | +| DHCP-Port | number | Read only | It indicates the port number of DHCP. | +| communicateWay | number | Read/write | It indicates network bandwidth and communication method, the value is:
– 0-indicating adaptive;
– 1-indicating 10M full duplex;
– 2-indicating 10M half-duplex;
– 3-indicating 100M full duplex;
– 4-indicating 100M half-duplex. | +| LANStatus | number | Read only | It indicates the connection status of Ethernet mode, the value is:
– 0-indicating no connection;
– 1-indicating connected. | +| sentPackages | number | Read only | It indicates the number of data packets sent by the network card. | +| receivedPackages | number | Read only | It indicates the number of data packets received by the network card. | +| currentConnectionType | string | Read only | It indicates the connection type of the current network card, the value is "ethernet", "ppp" or "pppoe", etc. | +| HTTPProxy | Proxy | Read only | It indicates the hyper text transfer protocol (HTTP) proxy object. | +| HTTPSProxy | Proxy | Read only | It indicates the HTTPS proxy object. | +| FTPProxy | Proxy | Read only | It indicates the FTP proxy object. | + +### N.2.3.2 Method + +#### N.2.3.2.1 setDNS + +Prototype: setDNS(index, dns) + +Description: Modifying the DNS server. + +Parameter: index – index of the DNS server to be modified; + +dns – string type, DNS IP address, the format is: + +- IPv4-"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details; +- IPv6-"x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. + +Return: None. + +#### **N.2.3.2.2 addIP** + +Prototype: boolean addIP(ip) + +Description: Add an IP object to the network card. + +Parameter: ip – IP object. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating success, false indicating failure. + +#### **N.2.3.2.3 deleteIPByIndex** + +Prototype: boolean deleteIPByIndex(index) + +Description: Delete the IP object set in the network card through the IP array subscript. + +Parameter: index – number type, indicating the array subscript. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating success, false indicating failure. + +#### **N.2.3.2.4 deleteIPByAddress** + +Prototype: boolean deleteIPByAddress(address) + +Description: Delete the IP object set in the network card by IP address. + +Parameter: address – string type, indicating the IP address, the format is: + +- IPv4-"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details; +- IPv6-"x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating success; false indicating failure. + +#### **N.2.3.2.5 getAPs** + +Prototype: AP[] getAPs() + +Description: Getting all wireless hotspot objects. Only used for wireless network card. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: An AP object array. + +#### **N.2.3.2.6 scanAP** + +Prototype: scanAP(maxCount, timeOut) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, searching for wireless AP. + +- If no wireless hotspot is found within the timeout period specified by the parameter timeOut, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_SCAN\_AP\_FAILED to the page; +- Each time a wireless hotspot is searched, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_SCAN\_AP\_FIND to the page. The event.modifiers property carries the JSON string ID of the AP object, and the JSON string is obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo(ID) method. + +- If the search for maxCount wireless hotspots has been completed, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_SCAN\_AP\_SUCCESS to the page. + +Parameter: maxCount – number type, indicating the maximum number of APs to be searched. + +timeOut – number type, indicating the search timeout period, in seconds. + +Return: None. + +#### **N.2.3.2.7 connectAP** + +Prototype: connectAP(essId, keyType, key) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, connecting to the wireless network card access point. + +- If the connection is successful, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_LINK\_AP\_SUCCESS; +- If the connection fails, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_LINK\_AP\_FAILED. + +Parameter: essId – string type, indicating the wireless network card ID. + +keyType – number type, indicating the key data type of the wireless network card. + +key – string type, indicating an authentication key. + +Return: None. + +#### **N.2.3.2.8 disconnectAP** + +Prototype: number disconnectAP() + +Description: Disconnecting from the wireless hotspot. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if it succeeds, and returning an error code if it fails. + +#### **N.2.3.2.9 getConnectedAP** + +Prototype: AP getConnectedAP() + +Description: Getting the connected wireless hotspot object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: AP object. + +#### **N.2.3.2.10 submitParameters** + +Prototype: submitParameters() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, submitting all the properties of the Ethernet object of the network card to the bottom layer at one time. + +- If the submission is successful, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_SUBMIT\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the submission fails, send the message MSG\_BROADBAND\_SUBMIT\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### **N.2.4 AP object** + +The AP object is a local object, which is used to describe wireless hotspot information. + +#### N.2.4.1 Property + +The definition of AP object property is shown in Table N.5. + +**Table N.5 – Table of AP object property** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|----------------|--------|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------| +| essId | string | Read only | It indicates the ID of the wireless hotspot. | +| signalStrength | string | Read only | It indicates the signal strength of the wireless hotspot. | +| linkQuality | string | Read only | It indicates the link quality of the wireless hotspot. | +| encType | number | Read only | It indicates the wireless hotspot authentication encryption type. | + +The definition of wireless network card authentication encryption type is shown in Table N.6. + +**Table N.6 – Authentication encryption type of wireless network card** + +| Type value | Description | +|------------|-------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | No encryption. | +| 1 | WEPOpen encryption. | +| 2 | Shared sharing mode to encrypt WEP information. | +| 3 | Wi-Fi Protected Access Protocol. | +| 4 | Wi-Fi Protected Access Protocol 2. | + +The error code comparison table of the wireless network card is shown in Table N.7. + +**Table N.7 – Error code comparison table of wireless network card** + +| Error code | Meaning | +|------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | Success. | +| 1 | Parameter error. | +| 2 | The wireless network card failed to start. | +| 3 | The wireless network card failed to be switched off. | +| 4 | Error in connecting. | +| 5 | Error in setting the key. | +| 6 | Error in clearing the authentication information. | +| 7 | The name of the wireless network card access point was not obtained. | + +The definition of the data type of wireless network card key is shown in Table N.8. + +**Table N.8 – Data type of wireless network card key** + +| keyType value | Description | +|---------------|---------------------------------| +| 0 | Encryption in hexadecimal mode. | +| 1 | Encryption in ansi coding mode. | +| 2 | Encryption in string method. | + +## N.2.5 IP object + +The IP object is a local object, used to describe IP address information. + +Example: + +``` +//Create and set IP objects through the network card +``` + +``` +var ethernetArray = Broadband.getAllEthernets();//Get an array of all network card objects of the receiving terminal +``` + +``` +var ethernet = ethernetArray[0]; +``` + +``` +var ip = ethernet.IPs[0];//Getting the 0th IP object in the IP object array under the 0th network card object +``` + +``` +//Through the construction method, create an IP object +``` + +``` +ip = new IP(address, mask, gateway); +``` + +### N.2.5.1 Property + +The definition of the IP object property is shown in Table N.9. + +**Table N.9 – Table of IP object property** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|--------|------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Address | string | Read/write | It indicates the IP address, the format is:
– IPv4-"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details;
– IPv6-"x:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. | +| Mask | string | Read/write | It indicates the subnet mask of the IP address, and the format corresponds to the IP address. | +| Gateway | string | Read/write | It indicates the gateway of the IP address, the format is:
– IPv4 – "Xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", see IETF RFC 791 for details;
– IPv6 – "X:x:x:x:x:x:x", see IETF RFC 2373 for details. | + +### N.2.5.2 Method + +#### N.2.5.2.1 IP + +Prototype: IP(address, mask, gateway) + +Description: IP object construction method. + +Parameter: address – string type, indicating the IP address, the format is the same as the description of the "address" property in Table T.9. + +mask – string type, indicating the subnet mask of the IP address, the format is the same as the description of the "mask" property in Table T.9. + +gateway – string type, indicating the gateway of the IP address, the format is the same as the description of the "gateway" property in Table T.9. + +## N.2.6 Proxy object + +The Proxy object is a local object, describing the proxy server information in the network. + +### N.2.6.1 Property + +The definition of the Proxy object property is shown in Table N.10. + +**Table N.10 – Table of Proxy object property** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|-----------------|--------------|------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| userName | string | Read/write | It indicates the username of the current proxy server access mode, the value is 0-30 characters, and cannot be a space. The proxy server requires a username and password to connect to some proxies. | +| password | string | Read/write | It indicates the password of the current proxy server access mode, the value is 0-30 characters, and it can be a space. The proxy server requires a username and password to connect to some proxies. | +| Enable | number | Read/write | It indicates whether to enable proxy, the value is:
– 0-indicating that the current proxy is invalid;
– 1-indicating that the current proxy takes effect immediately. | +| unusedProxyURLs | string Array | Read/write | It indicates the URL that does not use a proxy, and each character string cannot exceed 255 characters at most. | +| Server | string | Read/write | It indicates the IP address or domain name address of the proxy server, which cannot exceed 255 characters. | +| Port | number | Read/write | It indicates the port number of the server that provides the proxy service, and the value is 0 to 5 numeric characters. | + +## Annex O + +### JavaScript-Human-computer interaction unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### O.1 Overview + +This annex defines functional modules related to human-computer interaction: user input module, front panel output module. + +#### O.2 User input module + +##### O.2.1 Overview of the user input module + +User input refers to the user sending user instructions to the receiving terminal through some input devices such as remote control, mouse, keyboard, front panel keys, etc., and these user instructions are uniformly encapsulated into key messages for processing. + +Sources of messages captured by the application layer: + +Remote control, keyboard, mouse, front panel and other keys to trigger messages; + +The application layer captures messages in the following ways: + +- Keyboard: The application captures keyboard messages through `document.onkeydown`, `document.onkeyup` and `document.onkeypress`, and the message code is consistent with the PC method; +- Mouse: The application captures mouse messages through `document.onmousedown`, `document.onmouseup`, `document.onmousemove`, etc., and the message code is consistent with the PC method; +- Remote control: The application captures remote control messages through `document.onkeydown` and `document.onkeyup`, and the message code is compatible with the PC mode; +- Front panel: The application captures front panel messages through `document.onkeydown` and `document.onkeyup`, and the message code is consistent with the remote control method. + +##### O.2.2 event object + +###### O.2.2.1 Property + +The event object is a built-in object, and the properties of the event object are shown in Table O.1. + +**Table O.1 – Properties of event object** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------------------|--------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| event.type | number | Read only | It indicates the type of event that occurred, that is, the name of the event represented by the current event object, which has the same name as the registered event handle, such as "onclick"; or the property of the event handle deletes the prefix "on", such as "click". | +| event.source | number | Read only | It indicates the source of the message. | +| event.which | number | Read only | It indicates the code value of the message. | + +**Table O.1 – Properties of event object** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|-----------------|--------|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| event.modifiers | number | Read only | It indicates the extended property of the message. If the extended property of the message is empty, modifiers returns 0; if the extended property of the message is number type, then modifiers returns the value; if the extended property of the message is a character string, then modifiers returns an ID value, which is generated internally by the system, as a pointer to the specific character string content, the application can call the Utility.getEventInfo(ID) method to retrieve the character string content. | + +**O.2.2.2 Message source** + +The definition of the message source (event.source) is shown in Table O.2. + +**Table O.2 – Definition of event.source** + +| event.source | Description | +|--------------|----------------------------------------------| +| 1002 | It indicates the remote control key message. | +| 1003 | It indicates the front panel key message. | + +**O.2.2.3 Key message** + +The definition of the key message is shown in Table D.2.1.5. + +**O.3 Front panel output module** + +This module defines the JS object related to the front panel output: FrontPanel. + +**O.3.1 FrontPanel object** + +The FrontPanel object is a built-in object that provides front panel operation interfaces such as character string display, status indication, time and date display, and information clearing. + +**O.3.1.1 Constant** + +Constant definitions of the FrontPanel object are shown in Table O.3. + +**Table O.3 – Constant of FrontPanel object** + +| Constants | Description | +|------------------------|--------------| +| Indication type | | +| const TYPE_MAIL = 0; | Mail | +| const TYPE_SIGNAL = 1; | Signal | +| const TYPE_POWER = 2; | Power supply | +| const TYPE_RADIO = 3; | Broadcast | +| Indicating status | | +| const STATUS_OFF = 0; | Off | +| const STATUS_ON = 1; | On | + +**Table O.3 – Constant of FrontPanel object** + +| Constants | Description | +|------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| const STATUS_UNKNOWN = 2; | Unknown | +| Character string display alignment | | +| const ALIGN_CENTER = 0; | horizontal center align | +| const ALIGN_LEFT = 1; | horizontal left align | +| const ALIGN_RIGHT = 2; | horizontal right align | + +### **O.3.1.2 Method** + +#### **O.3.1.2.1 clear** + +Prototype: boolean clear() + +Description: Clearing the information displayed on the front panel, including the character string information displayed on the front panel, time and date information, etc. + +Parameter: empty. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating the removal is successful, false indicating the removal failed. + +#### **O.3.1.2.2 displayDate** + +Prototype: boolean displayDate(date) + +Description: Displaying the current time and date information. + +Parameter: date – Date type, indicating time and date. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating display success, false indicating display failure. If the terminal does not support it, it does not respond to the call of this method and returns false. + +#### **O.3.1.2.3 displayText** + +Prototype: boolean displayText(str) + +Description: displaying a character string, which is displayed in horizontal center alignment by default. + +Parameter: str – string type, indicating the character string to be displayed. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the display is successful, and false value indicating that the display fails. + +#### **O.3.1.2.4 displayText** + +Prototype: boolean displayText(str, align) + +Description: This character string is displayed with specified alignment. If the terminal does not support the specified alignment, this parameter can be ignored. + +Parameter: str – string type, indicating the character string to be displayed. + +align – number type, indicating the horizontal alignment. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the display is successful, and false value indicating that the display fails. + +#### **O.3.1.2.5 getMaxChars** + +Prototype: number getMaxChars() + +Description: Getting the number of display characters supported by the front panel. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the number of display characters supported by the front panel. + +#### **O.3.1.2.6 getStatus** + +Prototype: number getStatus(type) + +Description: Getting the front panel indication status according to the type. + +Parameter: type – number type, specify the indication type. + +Return: number type, indicating the indication status. If the type parameter specifies a valid indication type, its actual status (value STATUS\_ON or STATUS\_OFF) is returned; if the type parameter specifies an invalid indication type, it returns STATUS\_UNKNOWN. + +#### **O.3.1.2.7 setStatus** + +Prototype: boolean setStatus(type, status) + +Description: Setting the front panel indication status. + +Parameter: type – number type, specify the indication type; + +status – number type, indication status. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +## Annex P + +### JavaScript-AV setting unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### P.1 Overview + +This annex defines the function modules related to AV settings: audio parameter settings and video parameter settings. All setting methods not only write the setting parameters into NVM, but also take effect immediately. + +#### P.2 Audio and video parameter setting module + +This module defines JS objects related to audio and video parameter settings: AudioSetting and VideoSetting. The system should verify the permissions of the application, and only privileged applications can call the methods provided by this class. + +##### P.2.1 AudioSetting object + +AudioSetting is a built-in object that provides a method for setting audio parameters. + +###### P.2.1.1 Constant + +The constant definition of AudioSetting object is shown in Table P.1. + +**Table P.1 – Constants of AudioSetting object** + +| Constants | Description | +|-------------------------------|---------------| +| Channel type | | +| const CHANNEL_STEREO = 0; | Stereo | +| const CHANNEL_LEFT = 1; | Left channel | +| const CHANNEL_RIGHT = 2; | Right channel | +| const CHANNEL_MIXED_MONO = 3; | Mixed sound | +| Audio port type | | +| const PORT_HDMI = 0; | HDMI port | +| const PORT_SPDIF = 1; | SPDIF port | + +###### P.2.1.2 Method + +###### P.2.1.2.1 getOutputInterfaceList + +Prototype: string[] getOutputInterfaceList() + +Description: Getting a list of all available audio output ports of the receiving terminal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A string array, indicating the names of all available audio output interfaces of the receiving terminal, such as "RCA", "S/PDIF", "HDMI", etc. If there is no audio output port available, the length of the returned array is 0. + +###### P.2.1.2.2 getOutputInterfaceStatus + +Prototype: boolean getOutputInterfaceStatus(port) + +Description: Getting the enabling status of the audio output port. + +Parameter: port – string type, indicating the name of the audio output interface, obtained by the `getOutputInterfaceList()` method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the audio output port is allowed to output, and false value indicating that the audio output port is forbidden to output. + +#### **P.2.1.2.3 disableOutputInterface** + +Prototype: boolean `disableOutputInterface(port)` + +Description: Disable output of the audio output port. + +Parameter: port – string type, indicating the name of the audio output interface, obtained by the `getOutputInterfaceList()` method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the prohibition is successful, and false value indicating the prohibition fails. + +#### **P.2.1.2.4 enableOutputInterface** + +Prototype: boolean `enableOutputInterface(port)` + +Description: Allow audio port output. + +Parameter: port – string type, indicating the name of the audio output interface, obtained by the `getOutputInterfaceList()` method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating success, and false value indicating failure. + +#### **P.2.1.2.5 getOutputVolume** + +Prototype: number `getOutputVolume()` + +Description: Getting the global output volume. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the global output volume, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating mute, 100 indicating maximum volume. + +#### **P.2.1.2.6 setOutputVolume** + +Prototype: boolean `setOutputVolume(volume)` + +Description: Setting the global output volume. + +NOTE – The actual output volume of a broadcast program = global output volume + the increase of the broadcast program relative to the global output volume. + +Parameter: volume – number type, indicating the global output volume, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating mute, 100 indicating maximum volume. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating setting is successful, false indicating setting failed. + +#### **P.2.1.2.7 getOutputChannelMode** + +Prototype: number `getOutputChannelMode()` + +Description: Getting the current output channel type. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type. + +#### **P.2.1.2.8 setOutputChannelMode** + +Prototype: boolean `setOutputChannelMode(audioChannel)` + +Description: Setting the current output channel type. + +Parameter: audioChannel – number type. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.1.2.9 getOutputSPDIFMode** + +Prototype: number getOutputSPDIFMode() + +Description: Getting the data format of the S/PDIF output interface (compressed or PCM format). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the data format of the S/PDIF output interface, with a value of 0 for PCM format, and 1 for compressed format. + +#### **P.2.1.2.10 setOutputSPDIFMode** + +Prototype: setOutputSPDIFMode(mode) + +Description: Setting the data format of the S/PDIF output interface (compressed or PCM format). + +Parameter: mode – number type, indicating the audio mode of the SPDIF output interface, the value is: + +- 0-indicating the PCM format, that is, compressed audio is decoded by the receiving terminal; +- 1-indicating the compressed format, that is, compressed audio is decoded by an external decoding device. + +Return: None. + +#### **P.2.1.2.11 isMute** + +Prototype: boolean isMute() + +Description: Getting the mute status flag. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating mute, false value indicating sound. + +#### **P.2.1.2.12 mute** + +Prototype: boolean mute() + +Description: Setting mute. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.1.2.13 unMute** + +Prototype: boolean unMute() + +Description: Unmute. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the cancellation is successful, and false value indicating that the cancellation failed. + +#### **P.2.1.2.14 getOutputHDMIMode** + +Prototype: number getOutputHDMIMode() + +Description: Getting the data format of the HDMI output interface. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the data format of the HDMI output interface. + +- 0-indicating off; +- 1-Auto-negotiation; +- 2-LPCM, output decoded signal; +- 3-RAW, output the original signal. + +#### P.2.1.2.15 **setOutputHDMIFMMode** + +Prototype: `setOutputHDMIMode(mode)` + +Description: Setting the data format of the HDMI output interface (compressed or PCM format). + +Parameter: `mode`–number type, indicating the audio mode of the HDMI output interface, the value is: + +- 0-indicating off; +- 1-Auto-negotiation; +- 2-LPCM, output decoded signal; +- 3-RAW, output the original signal. + +Return: None. + +### P.2.2 **VideoSetting object** + +`VideoSetting` is a built-in object that provides a method for setting video parameters. + +#### P.2.2.1 **Constant** + +The definitions of the `VideoSetting` object constants are shown in Table P.2. + +**Table P.2 – VideoSetting object constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------| +| Video output channel | | +| const VOUT_SD = 1; | SD output channel | +| const VOUT_HD = 2; | HD output channel | +| Video window matching mode | | +| const MATCH_METHOD_LETTER_BOX = 1; | Mailbox mode ( letter_box ) | +| const MATCH_METHOD_PAN_SCAN = 2; | Full screen mode ( pan_scan ) | +| const MATCH_METHOD_COMBINED = 3; | Combination mode ( combined ) | +| const MATCH_METHOD_IGNORE = 4; | Ignore mode ( ignore ) | +| Video output system | | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_UNKNOWN = 0; | unknown | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_NTSC_J = 101; | SD-NTSC-J/3.5795MHz color subcarrier | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_NTSC_M = 102; | SD-NTSC-M/3.5795MHz color subcarrier | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_NTSC_443 = 103; | SD-NTSC-443/4.4336MHz color subcarrier | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_B = 211; | SD-PAL-B (Australia) | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_B1 = 212; | SD-PAL-B1 (Hungary) | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_D = 213; | SD-PAL-D (Mainland China) | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_D1 = 214; | SD-PAL-D1 (Poland) | + +**Table P.2 – VideoSetting object constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_G = 215; | SD-PAL-G (Europe) | +| const = 216; | SD-PAL-H (Europe) | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_PAL_I = 217; | SD-PAL-I (UK, Hong Kong, Macau) | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_K = 218; | SD-PAL-K (Europe) | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_M = 220; | SD-PAL-M (Brazil) | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_N = 221; | SD-PAL-N (Jamaica, Uruguay) | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_PAL_NC = 222; | SD-PAL-NC (Argentina) | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_SECAM_B = 311; | SD-SECAM-B | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SECAM_D = 312; | SD-SECAM-D | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SECAM_G = 313; | SD-SECAM-G | +| const = 314; | SD-SECAM-I | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SECAM_K = 315; | SD-SECAM-K | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080I_50 = 27400; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080I/50HZ/1125 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080I_59_94 = 27401; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080I/59.94HZ/1125 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080I_60 = 27402; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080I/60HZ/1125 lines | +| const V = 27410; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/23.98HZ/1125 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080P_24 = 27411; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/24HZ/1125 lines | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080P_25 = 27412; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/25HZ/1125 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080P_29_97 = 27413; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/29.97HZ/1125 lines | +| const OUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080P_30 = 27414; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/30HZ/1125 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080P_50 = 27415; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/50HZ/1125 lines | +| const = 27416; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/59.94HZ/1125 lines | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE274_1080P_60 = 27417; | HD-SMPTE274/1920x1080P/60HZ/1125 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE295_1080I_50 = 29500; | HD-SMPTE295/1920x1080I/50HZ/1250 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE295_1080P_50 = 29510; | HD-SMPTE295/1920x1080P/50HZ/1250 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE296_720P_23_98 = 29610; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/23.98HZ/750 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE296_720P_24 = 29611; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/24HZ/750 lines | + +**Table P.2 – VideoSetting object constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|--------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| constVOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE296_720P_25 = 29612; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/25HZ/750 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE296_720P_29_97 = 29613; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/29.97HZ/750 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE296_720P_30 = 29614; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/30HZ/750 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE296_720P_50 = 29615; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/50HZ/750 lines | +| const = 29616; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/59.94HZ/750 | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_SMPTE296_720P_60 = 29617; | HD-SMPTE296/1280x720P/60HZ/750 lines | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_2160P_24 = 29618; | HD-3840x2160P/24HZ | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_2160P_25 = 29619; | HD-3840x2160P/25HZ | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_2160P_30 = 29620; | HD-3840x2160P/30HZ | +| const VOUT_STANDARD_2160P_50 = 29621; | HD-3840x2160P/50HZ | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_2160P_60 = 29622; | HD-3840x2160P/60HZ | +| constVOUT_STANDARD_4096P_24 = 29623; | HD-4096x2160P/24HZ | + +### P.2.2.2 Method + +#### P.2.2.2.1 getOutputInterfaceList + +Prototype: string[] getOutputInterfaceList() + +Description: Getting a list of all available video output ports of the receiving terminal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string array, indicating the names of all available video output interfaces of the receiving terminal, such as "CVBS", "YUV", "HDMI-0", "HDMI-1", "DVO", etc. If no video output port is available, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### P.2.2.2.2 getOutputInterfaceStatus + +Prototype: boolean getOutputInterfaceStatus(port) + +Description: Getting the enabling status of the video output port. + +Parameter: port – string type, indicating the name of the video output interface, obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the video output interface allows output, and false value indicating that the video output interface prohibits output. + +#### P.2.2.2.3 disableOutputInterface + +Prototype: boolean disableOutputInterface(port) + +Description: Disable video output port output. + +Parameter: port – string type, indicating the name of the video output interface, obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the prohibition is successful, and false value indicating that the prohibition fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.4 enableOutputInterface** + +Prototype: boolean enableOutputInterface(port) + +Description: Allow video output port output. + +Parameter: port – string type, indicating the name of the video output interface, obtained by the getOutputInterfaceList() method. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating success is allowed, and false value indicating that failure is allowed. + +#### **P.2.2.2.5 getOutputBrightness** + +Prototype: number getOutputBrightness() + +Description: Getting the brightness of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the brightness of the video output. The value range being from 0 to 100, 0 indicating the darkest, and 100 indicating the brightest. + +#### **P.2.2.2.6 getOutputContrast** + +Prototype: number getOutputContrast() + +Description: Getting the contrast of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the contrast of the video output, and the value range being 0-100 from small to large. + +#### **P.2.2.2.7 getOutputSaturation** + +Prototype: number getOutputSaturation() + +Description: Getting the saturation (chromaticity) of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the saturation (chromaticity) of the video output, and the value range being 0-100 from small to large. + +#### **P.2.2.2.8 getOutputStandard** + +Prototype: number getOutputStandard(device) + +Description: Getting the video output format. + +Parameter: device – number type, indicating the video output channel, the value is VOUT\_SD or VOUT\_HD. + +Return: number type, indicating the format of the video output. + +#### **P.2.2.2.9 getOutputTransparency** + +Prototype: number getOutputTransparency() + +Description: Getting the transparency of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating transparency, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating completely opaque, and 100 indicating completely transparent. + +#### **P.2.2.2.10 setOutputBrightness** + +Prototype: boolean setOutputBrightness(value) + +Description: Setting the brightness of the video output. This setting cannot be applied to a single video output unit, and it takes effect for all video output units at the same time. + +Parameter: value – number type, indicating the brightness of the video output, the value range being 0-100 from small to large, 0 indicating the darkest, and 100 indicating the brightest. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.11 setOutputContrast** + +Prototype: boolean setOutputContrast(value) + +Description: The contrast of the video output. This setting cannot be applied to a single video output unit, and it takes effect for all video output units at the same time. + +Parameter: value – number, indicating the contrast of the video output, the value range being 0-100 from small to large. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.12 setOutputSaturation** + +Prototype: boolean setOutputSaturation(value) + +Description: Setting the saturation (chroma) of the video output. This setting cannot be applied to a single video output unit, and it takes effect for all video output units at the same time. + +Parameter: value – number, indicating the saturation (chroma), and the value range being 0-100 from small to large. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.13 setOutputStandard** + +Prototype: number setOutputStandard(device, standard) + +Description: Setting the video output format. The SD output unit and HD output unit need to be set separately. + +Parameter: device – number type, indicating the video output unit; + +standard – number type, indicating the video output format. The SD output unit can only choose the SD format, and the HD output unit can only choose the HD format. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.14 setOutputTransparency** + +Prototype: boolean setOutputTransparency(value) + +Description: Setting the transparency of the video output. This method cannot be set for a single video output unit, and it is effective for all video output units. + +Parameter: value – number, indicating transparency, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating completely opaque, and 100 indicating completely transparent. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.15 setOutputMatchMethod** + +Prototype: setOutputMatchMethod(mode) + +Description: Setting the video output window matching mode. + +Parameter: mode – number type. + +Return: None. + +#### **P.2.2.2.16 getOutputMatchMethod** + +Prototype: number getOutputMatchMethod() + +Description: Getting the matching mode of the video output window. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type. + +#### **P.2.2.2.17 getOutputAspectRatio** + +Prototype: getOutputAspectRatio() + +Description: Getting the aspect ratio of the video output. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0 indicating 16:9; 1 indicating 4:3. + +#### **P.2.2.2.18 setOutputAspectRatio** + +Prototype: setOutputAspectRatio(mode) + +Description: Setting the video output aspect ratio. + +Parameter: mode – number type, 0 indicating 16:9; 1 indicating 4:3. + +Return: None. + +#### **P.2.2.2.19 GetColorSpaceMode** + +Prototype: number GetColorSpaceMode() + +Description: Getting the color space mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0-RGB444, 1-YCBCR422, 2 -YCBCR444, 3-YCBCR420. + +#### **P.2.2.2.20 GetDeepColorMode** + +Prototype: number GetDeepColorMode() + +Description: Getting the color space mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0-COLOR\_24BIT, 1-COLOR\_30BIT, 2-COLOR\_36BIT, 3-COLOR\_DEEP\_OFF. + +#### **P.2.2.2.21 SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor** + +Prototype: boolean SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor( colorSpace, deepColor) + +Description: Setting the color space, dark mode. + +Parameter: `colorSpace` – number type, 0-RGB444, 1-YCBCR422, 2-YCBCR444, 3-YCBCR420 + +`deepColor` – number type, 0-COLOR\_24BIT, 1-COLOR\_30BIT, 2-COLOR\_36BIT, 3-COLOR\_DEEP\_OFF + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.22 GetHDRType** + +Prototype: number GetHDRType() + +Description: Getting HDR mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0-HDRTYPE\_SDR, 1-HDRTYPE\_DOLBY, 2-HDRTYPE\_HDR10, 3-C HDRTYPE\_AUTO. + +#### **P.2.2.2.23 SetHDRType** + +Prototype: boolean SetHDRType(type) + +Description: Setting HDR mode. + +Parameter: `type` – number type, 0-HDRTYPE\_SDR, 1-HDRTYPE\_DOLBY, 2-HDRTYPE\_HDR10, 3-C HDRTYPE\_AUTO + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.24 GetStereoOutMode** + +Prototype: number GetStereoOutMode() + +Description: Getting the 3D output mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0-3D\_NONE, 1-3D\_FRAME\_PACKING, 2-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_HALF, 3-3D\_TOP\_AND\_BOTTOM, 4-3D\_FIELD\_ALTERNATIVE, 5-3D\_LINE\_ALTERNATIVE, 6-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_FULL, 7-3D\_L\_DEPTH, 8-3D\_L\_DEPTH\_GRAPHICS\_GRAPHICS\_DEPTH. + +#### **P.2.2.2.25 SetStereoOutMode** + +Prototype: boolean SetStereoOutMode(mode, fps) + +Description: Setting the 3D output mode. + +Parameter: `mode` – number type, 0-3D\_NONE, 1-3D\_FRAME\_PACKING, 2-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_HALF, 3-3D\_TOP\_AND\_BOTTOM, 4-3D\_FIELD\_ALTERNATIVE, 5-3D\_LINE\_ALTERNATIVE, 6-3D\_SIDE\_BY\_SIDE\_FULL, 7-3D\_L\_DEPTH, 8-3D\_L\_DEPTH\_GRAPHICS\_GRAPHICS\_DEPTH + +`Fps` – number type, video frame rate, the values are 23, 24, 25, 30, 50, 59, 60. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.26 GetRightEyeFirst** + +Prototype: number GetRightEyeFirst() + +Description: Getting which eye of the 3D output signal is to come out first. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the values are 0-LEFT\_EYE\_FIRST, 1-RIGHT\_EYE\_FIRST. + +#### **P.2.2.2.27 SetRightEyeFirst** + +Prototype: boolean SetRightEyeFirst(Outpriority) + +Description: Setting which eye of the 3D output signal is to come out first. + +Parameter: Outpriority – number type, 0-LEFT\_EYE\_FIRST, 1-RIGHT\_EYE\_FIRST + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.28 GetStereoDepth** + +Prototype: number GetStereoDepth() + +Description: Getting 3D picture depth adjustment information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the value being 0-10. + +#### **P.2.2.2.29 SetStereoDepth** + +Prototype: boolean SetStereoDepth(depth) + +Description: Setting 3D picture depth adjustment information. + +Parameter: depth – number type, 0-10. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.30 getPictureMode()** + +Prototype: number getPictureMode() + +Description: Getting the picture mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0 standard, 1 dynamic, 2 soft, 4 users, 5 gorgeous, 6 natural, 7 sports. + +#### **P.2.2.2.31 setPictureMode** + +Prototype: boolean setPictureMode(mode) + +Description: Setting the picture mode. + +Parameter: mode – number type, 0 standard, 1 dynamic, 2 soft, 4 users, 5 gorgeous, 6 natural, 7 sports. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.32 getDisplayHue** + +Prototype: number getDisplayHue() + +Description: Getting the picture mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the value range being 0-100, indicating the color adjustment value. + +#### **P.2.2.2.33 setDisplayHue** + +Prototype: boolean setDisplayHue(hue) + +Description: Setting the picture mode. + +Parameter: hue – number type, the value range being 0-100, indicating the color adjustment value. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.34 SaveDisplayFmt** + +Prototype: boolean SaveDisplayFmt() + +Description: Saving the video output format permanently effective. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating success, false value indicating failure. + +#### **P.2.2.2.35 setOptimalFormatEnable** + +Prototype: boolean setOptimalFormatEnable(enabled) + +Description: Setting automatic optimization video output format enable. + +Parameter: enabled – number type, 0-indicating disable, 1-indicating enable. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the setting is successful, false value indicating the setting fails. + +#### **P.2.2.2.36 getOptimalFormatEnable** + +Prototype: number getOptimalFormatEnable() + +Description: Getting the automatic optimization video output format enable. + +Parameter: None – number type, 0-indicating disable, 1-indicating enable. + +Return: number type, 0 indicating disable, 1 indicating enable. + +## Annex Q + +### JavaScript-Media processing unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### Q.1 Overview + +This annex defines a functional module related to media processing: media playback module. + +#### Q.2 Media playback module + +This module defines the JS object related to media playReturn: MediaPlayer. + +##### Q.2.1 Message + +Definitions of messages sent by the media player module to the application layer is shown in the following table, and the message received on the application uses document.onsystemevent. + +**Table Q.1 – Messages of media playback module** + +| Name of messages | event.which | event.modifiers | Description of messages | +|---------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------| +| MSG_MEDIA_URL_VALID | 13001 | – | The media source path is valid. | +| MSG_MEDIA_URL_INVALID | 13002 | – | The media source path is invalid. | +| MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_SUCCESS | 13003 | – | Playback started successfully. | +| MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_FAILED | 13004 | – | Failed to start playback. | +| MSG_MEDIA_SETPACE_SUCCESS | 13005 | – | The step size is set successfully. | +| MSG_MEDIA_SETPACE_FAILED | 13006 | – | Failed to set the step size. | +| MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_SUCCESS | 13007 | – | Playback time point set successfully. | +| MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_FAILED | 13008 | – | Failed to set the playback time point. | +| MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_SUCCESS | 13009 | – | Playback paused successfully. | +| MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_FAILED | 13010 | – | Failed to pause the playback. | +| MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_SUCCESS | 13011 | – | Playback resumed successfully. | +| MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_FAILED | 13012 | – | Failed to resume the playback. | +| MSG_MEDIA_STOP_SUCCESS | 13013 | – | Playback stopped successfully. | +| MSG_MEDIA_STOP_FAILED | 13014 | – | Failed to stop the playback. | +| Reserved | 13015~
13200 | | | + +**Table Q.1 – Messages of media playback module** + +| Name of messages | event.which | event.modifiers | Description of messages | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|------------------------|--------------------------------| +| The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type:
– "Number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description character string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the JSON format of the message character string, the message content will be retrieved according to the format.
– "-", indicating that event.modifiers is undefined. | | | | + +### **Q.2.2 MediaPlayer object** + +The MediaPlayer object is a local object and needs to be created "new" before use. + +This object defines the properties and methods for media playback in the Web page. The media source can be TV broadcast, sound broadcast or NVOD, it can also be a UDP unicast or multicast stream, or it can be a media file stored locally in the receiving terminal. This object only needs to know the media type and the location (URL) of the media to play this media. + +The display of the video layer must be rendered transparent by the video element. In the page layout, the video element specifies the position, size, and level of the video on the page. The page must use ``, src Empty, for example: `` + +After the MediaPlayer object is constructed, it can only be used in a single web page, and is uniquely identified by the object name; the player instance corresponds to the media decoding resource of the receiving terminal, and is not bound to the web page, and can be used across pages, and is uniquely identified through the player instance ID, the player instance ID is automatically generated by the system. The browser must control the player instance to achieve media playback through the properties and methods provided by the MediaPlayer object, and one MediaPlayer object can only be bound to one player instance, and one player instance can only be bound to one MediaPlayer object at the same time. The relationship between the MediaPlayer object and the player instance is shown in Figure Q.1. + +![Schematic diagram showing two overlapping web browser windows, 'Webpage 1' and 'Webpage 2'. 'Webpage 1' contains a media player interface. A line labeled 'MediaPlayer Object (Object name: mp1)' points to the window title bar. Another line labeled 'MediaPlayer Object (Object name: mp2)' points to the window title bar of 'Webpage 2'. A line labeled 'bindPlayerInstance()' points from the media player interface in 'Webpage 1' to a box labeled 'Player instance (Hardware or software decoding resources)'. The text 'J.1206(24)' is in the bottom right corner of the diagram area.](1aefdc5d3828244fced02efe1771bc96_img.jpg) + +Schematic diagram showing two overlapping web browser windows, 'Webpage 1' and 'Webpage 2'. 'Webpage 1' contains a media player interface. A line labeled 'MediaPlayer Object (Object name: mp1)' points to the window title bar. Another line labeled 'MediaPlayer Object (Object name: mp2)' points to the window title bar of 'Webpage 2'. A line labeled 'bindPlayerInstance()' points from the media player interface in 'Webpage 1' to a box labeled 'Player instance (Hardware or software decoding resources)'. The text 'J.1206(24)' is in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +**Figure Q.1 – Schematic diagram of the relationship between the MediaPlayer object and the media playback instance** + +Example: + +The MediaPlayer object created in the web page can control the player instance on the receiving terminal, and the life cycle of the player instance is cross-page. Identify the currently bound player instance through the playerInstanceID property of the MediaPlayer object. + +``` +//In the first web page, create a MediaPlayer object mp1 +var mp1 = new MediaPlayer(); +//Read the local media player instance ID +var nativePlayerInstanceID = mp1.getPlayerInstanceID(); +//Reserve this player instance identifier through global variables for cross-page use +GlobalVarManager.setItemValue("PLAYER_INSTANCE_ID", nativePlayerInstanceID); +//The MediaPlayer object is bound to the player instance +mp1.bindPlayerInstance(nativePlayerInstanceID); +mp1.setMediaSource(mediaURL); //Set media source +mp1.play(); //Start playing +... +mp1.setPace(2); //fast forward, 2x speed playback +... +mp1.setPace(1); //resume playback at normal speed +... +mp1.pause(); //pause playback +mp1.resume(); //resume playback +``` + +``` + +mp1.stop(); //stop playback +mp1.unbindPlayerInstance(nativePlayerInstanceID); +//In the next web page, create a MediaPlayer object mp2 +var mp2 = new MediaPlayer(); +//Getting the player instance ID of the previous page through global variables +var nativePlayerInstanceID = GlobalVarManager.getItemValue("PLAYER_INSTANCE_ID"); +//According to the player instance ID passed from the previous page, bind the MediaPlayer +//object and the media player instance +mp2.bindPlayerInstance(nativePlayerInstanceID); +mp2.setMediaSource(mediaURL); //Set media source +mp2.play(); //start playback +mp2.pause(); //pause playback +mp2.resume(); //resume playback +mp2.stop(); //stop playback +mp2.unbindPlayerInstance(nativePlayerInstanceID); + +``` + +### Q.2.2.1 Media playback status + +The media player has the following playback status: initialization, binding, stop, playing (forward/backward/fast forward/slow forward/fast backward/slow backward), pause and unbinding. The status transition diagram is shown in Figure Q.2. + +![Schematic diagram of media playback status transition. The diagram shows five states: Initialization, Binding, Stop, Playing, and Pause, plus an Unbinding state. Transitions are: Initialization to Binding via bindPlayerInstance(); Binding to Stop via setMediaSource(); Stop to Playing via play(); Stop to Unbinding via unbindPlayerInstance(); Stop to Stop via stop() (self-loop); Playing to Stop via stop() (self-loop); Playing to Playing via seek() (self-loop); Playing to Pause via pause(); Pause to Playing via resume(); Pause to Stop via stop() (curved arrow); Pause to Playing via seek() (self-loop).](56d829bcd0079ac2e963ee6df7bf540e_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> Initialization + Initialization --> Binding : bindPlayerInstance() + Binding --> Stop : setMediaSource() + Stop --> Playing : play() + Stop --> Unbinding : unbindPlayerInstance() + Stop --> Stop : stop() + Playing --> Stop : stop() + Playing --> Playing : seek() + Playing --> Pause : pause() + Pause --> Playing : resume() + Pause --> Stop : stop() + Pause --> Playing : seek() + +``` + +Schematic diagram of media playback status transition. The diagram shows five states: Initialization, Binding, Stop, Playing, and Pause, plus an Unbinding state. Transitions are: Initialization to Binding via bindPlayerInstance(); Binding to Stop via setMediaSource(); Stop to Playing via play(); Stop to Unbinding via unbindPlayerInstance(); Stop to Stop via stop() (self-loop); Playing to Stop via stop() (self-loop); Playing to Playing via seek() (self-loop); Playing to Pause via pause(); Pause to Playing via resume(); Pause to Stop via stop() (curved arrow); Pause to Playing via seek() (self-loop). + +J.1206(24) + +**Figure Q.2 – Schematic diagram of media playback status transition** + +The various statuses of media playback in Figure Q.2 are described as follows: + +- Initialization status: When the MediaPlayer object is created, it enters the initialization status. +- Binding status: When the MediaPlayer object calls the bindPlayerInstance() method, it enters the binding status. +- Stop status: When the MediaPlayer object calls the setMediaSource() or stop() method, it enters the stop status. At this time, the video and audio stop playing, and the video screen is in a hidden state. +- Playback status: When the MediaPlayer object calls the play() method, it enters the playback status, including forward, backward, fast forward, slow forward, fast backward, and slow backward. The relationship between the playback step size and the playback status is shown in Table Q.2. + +**Table Q.2 – Relationship between the playback step size and the playback status** + +| Playback status | Step size (pace) | Description | +|-----------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Forward | 1 | When the play() method is used to start playback, pace = 1, it enters the forward status, and the default step size is 1. | +| Backward | −1 | When the play() method is used to start playback, pace = −1, if the media is not played from the beginning, it will enter the backward status. | +| Fast forward | 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 | When the play() method is used to start playback, and pace = 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, it enters the fast forward status. | +| Slow forward | 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 | When the play() method is used to start playback, and pace = 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, it enters the slow forward status. | +| Fast backward | −2, −4, −8, −16, −32 | When the play() method is used to start playback, and pace = −2, −4, −8, −16, −32, if the media is not played from the beginning, it will enter the fast backward status. | +| Slow backward | −1/2, −1/4, −1/8 | When the play() method is used to start playback, and pace = −1/2, −1/4, −1/8, if the media is not played from the beginning, it will enter the slow backward status. | + +- Pause status: When the MediaPlayer object calls the pause() method, it can enter the pause status; in the pause status, the video picture continues to occupy the screen space, and it can be set to a static frame (default) or black field. +- Unbinding status: When the MediaPlayer object calls the unbindPlayerInstance() method, it can enter the unbinding status. Release resources. + +The played media sources have the following forms: + +- Broadcasting services, including TV services, audio broadcasting services, NVOD services, etc.; +- Interactive TV services, including video-on-demand, time-shifted TV and channel review, etc.; +- The code stream sent to the terminal through IP-UDP; +- Media files stored locally on the terminal. + +The playback status and playback step size supported by different sources of media are shown in Table Q.3. + +**Table Q.3 – Table of media playback status and step size** + +| Media source | Initiali-
zation | Bind-
ing | Ready | Playback | | | | | | Pause | Stop | Unbind-
ing | +|------------------------------|---------------------|--------------|-------|--------------|---------------|------------------|------------------------|----------------------|-----------------------|-------|------|----------------| +| | | | | For-
ward | Back-
ward | Fast-
forward | Fast-
back-
ward | Slow
for-
ward | Slow
back-
ward | | | | +| Broad-
casting
service | √ | √ | √ | √ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | √ | √ | √ | +| Interactive
TV service | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | N/A | N/A | √ | √ | √ | +| IP-UDP
coding
stream | √ | √ | √ | √ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | √ | √ | √ | + +**Table Q.3 – Table of media playback status and step size** + +| Media source | Initialization | Binding | Ready | Playback | | | | | | Pause | Stop | Unbinding | +|-------------------|----------------|---------|-------|----------|----------|--------------|---------------|--------------|---------------|-------|------|-----------| +| | | | | Forward | Backward | Fast-forward | Fast-backward | Slow forward | Slow backward | | | | +| Local media files | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | + +**Q.2.2.2 Property** + +The definition of the media player object property is shown in Table Q.4. + +**Table Q.4 – Properties of the MediaPlayer object** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|------------------|--------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Location | string | Read only | It indicates the locator of the media file. | +| playerInstanceID | number | Read only | It indicates the player instance ID bound to the current MediaPlayer object. If the value is -1, it indicates that the current MediaPlayer object has not been bound to any player instance.
For example, before calling bindPlayerInstance() method, or after calling unbindPlayerInstance() method, read this property, it should return -1. | + +**Q.2.2.3 Method** + +**Q.2.2.3.1 MediaPlayer** + +Prototype: MediaPlayer() + +Description: Construction method, create a default MediaPlayer object. + +Parameter: None. + +**Q.2.2.3.2 getPlayerInstanceID** + +Prototype: number getPlayerInstanceID() + +Description: Getting the player instance ID available locally on the receiving terminal, which is automatically assigned by the system. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, returning 0-255 if it succeeds, and returning -1 if it fails. + +**Q.2.2.3.3 bindPlayerInstance** + +Prototype: number bindPlayerInstance(playerInstanceID) + +Description: The MediaPlayer object is bound to the player instance. + +Parameter: playerInstanceID – number type, indicating the local player instance ID, the value range being 0-255. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if it succeeds, and returning -1 if it fails. + +**Q.2.2.3.4 unbindPlayerInstance** + +Prototype: number unbindPlayerInstance(playerInstanceID) + +Description: The MediaPlayer object is unbound with the current player instance, and the related resources of the player are released. + +Parameter: playerInstanceID – number type, indicating the local player instance ID, the value range being 0-255. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if it succeeds, and returning –1 if it fails. + +**Q.2.2.3.5 setMediaSource** + +Prototype: number setMediaSource(mediaURL) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, setting the URL address of the media to be played. After setting this parameter, the system automatically detects the legality of the set mediaURL. + +- If the URL is legal, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_URL\_VALID to the page; +- If the URL is illegal, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_URL\_INVALID to the page. + +Only after receiving the message MSG\_MEDIA\_URL\_VALID, the page can call the play() method to play. + +Parameter: mediaURL – string type, media path expressed in URL format, description of the URL format is shown in Table Q.5. + +**Table Q.5 – Format of media source** + +| Media source | mediaURL | Description | +|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Broadcasting service | dvb://..[.{&}][;event_id>]{/} | It can be used to access:
  • – Broadcasting services;
  • – Service components, such as elementary streams such as video, audio, or subtitles;
  • – Events of broadcasting service;
  • – Files in OC/DC carousel.
| +| Broadcasting service | dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.pmtpid.pcrpid.videotype.videopid.audiotype.audiopid | The program information such as frequency point is specified to play to meet the rapid start of broadcast. The frequency is measured in kilohertz, and all parameters are decimal.
For multi-tuner scenes, expand to dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.pmtpid.pcrpid.videotype.videopid.audiotype.audiopid?tunerid=xxx. | +| Broadcasting service | dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1 | Play by specifying the frequency and other program information to meet the need for scrambled stream and multi-track playback when the program is not searched. The format is dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.
In this scene, the media engine parses pmtpid from the code stream according to serviceid, and parses pcrpid, videotype, videopid, audiotype, and audiopid according to pmtpid. If pmtpid exists and is valid, it does not search for pmtpid, and parses pcrpid, videotype, videopid, audiotype, and | + +Rec. ITU-T J.1206 (01/2024) 365 + +**Table Q.5 – Format of media source** + +| Media source | mediaURL | Description | +|------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | audiopid according to pmtpid. The frequency is measured in kilohertz, all numbers are decimal, and the invalid parameter is -1, such as dvbelement://131000.6875.64.3.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1 or dvbelement://131000.6875.64.3.4.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1. For multi-tuner scenes, expand to dvbelement://frequency.symbolrate.modulation.serviceid.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1.-1?tunerid=xxx. | +| Interactive TV service | rtsp://:/EntitlementCode= | It can be used to access:
  • – Video on demand;
  • – Time-shifted TV;
  • – Channel review.
| +| IP-UDP stream | udp://:::: |
  • – When the front end uses UDP unicast, MulticastAddress is "0.0.0.0"; when the front end uses UDP multicast, MulticastAddress is the sending multicast address;
  • – UDPPort is the UDP port number;
  • – Programmnumber is the service ID number;
  • – VideoPID is the video PID;
  • – AudioPID is the audio PID;
VideoPID can be filled with 0, and the system defaults to the video stream with the smallest PID value under the service. If the service is a pure audio service, the value is 0; AudioPID can be filled with 0, and the system defaults to the audio stream with the smallest PID value under the service. | +| Media files | file:/// | Access local media files. | +| HTTP | http://< remote host IP>:/ | Access remote resource files. | + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise returning others. + +**Q.2.2.3.6 play** + +Prototype: number play() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, starting playing from the starting point of the media, and starting playing in real time for TV broadcasts. + +- If the playback is successful, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_PLAY\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the playback fails, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_PLAY\_FAILED to the page. + +Return: number type, 1-indicating success, 0-indicating failure. + +**Q.2.2.3.7 seek** + +Prototype: number seek(type, timestamp) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, starting to play from a certain point in time of the current media, this call is invalid for real-time broadcast TV broadcasts, but it is valid for TV broadcasts in a time-shifted state. + +- If the call is successful, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_SEEK\_SUCCESS; +- If the call fails, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_SEEK\_FAILED. + +NOTE – The seek() method can be called only in the play and pause states. + +Parameter: type – number type, the values are: + +- 1-indicating Normal Play Time; +- 2-indicating Absolute Time. + +timestamp – two time type formats of Normal Play Time (NPT) and Absolute Time (ClockTime). + +- For VOD, it is relative time calculated from the starting point of the media; +- For media with a time base such as time shift, it is absolute time. + +It can indicate the start time (for example: "123-"), or it can indicate the time period (for example: "123-333"). If it is a time period, the playback should be in a pause state instead of in a stop state, when it reaches the end time. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.8 setPace** + +Prototype: number setPace(pace) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, setting the step size of the playback. + +- If the setting is successful, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_SET\_PACE\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the setting fails, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_SET\_PACE\_FAILED to the page. + +NOTE – The setPace() method can be called only in the playing state. + +Parameter: pace – number type, play the step size. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.9 pause** + +Prototype: number pause() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, pausing playback. + +- If the pause is successful, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_PAUSE\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the pause fails, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_PAUSE\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.10 resume** + +Prototype: number resume() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, resuming playback. + +- If resuming of the playback is successful, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_RESUME\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the resuming of the playback fails, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_RESUME\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.11 stop** + +Prototype: number stop() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, pausing playing. + +- If the stop is successful, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_STOP\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the stop fails, send the message MSG\_MEDIA\_STOP\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return other. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.12 refresh** + +Prototype: number refresh() + +Description: Calling setVideoDisplayMode(), setVideoDisplayArea() and other properties to adjust the video parameters does not take effect immediately, but takes effect only upon this method being called. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.13 enableTrickMode** + +Prototype: number enableTrickMode(flag) + +Description: Setting whether the player instance currently bound to the MediaPlayer object allows trick operations (including fast forward/fast backward/pause, etc.) during its life cycle, which is in a logical AND relationship with the trick mode property of the media itself. + +For example, if the ad in the first 30 seconds of a stream cannot perform trick operations, enableTrickMode(0) can be called during this time period, and the trick is disabled; after 30 seconds, enableTrickMode (1) can be called again in the web page to start the trick function. If the media source being played does not support the trick mode, this method is invalid. + +Parameter: flag – boolean type, false value indicating that the trick operations are prohibited (default value); true value indicating that the trick operations are allowed. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.14 getTrickModeFlag** + +Prototype: boolean getTrickModeFlag() + +Description: Getting the operation flag of the trick mode. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the trick operations are allowed, and false value indicating that the trick operations are not allowed (default value). + +#### **Q.2.2.3.15 setVideoDisplayMode** + +Prototype: number setVideoDisplayMode(mode) + +Description: Setting the display mode of the video window corresponding to the MediaPlayer object. Every time this method is called, the video display window will not immediately display the set mode, and the window is refreshed to display the set mode only upon the refresh() method being called. + +Parameter: mode – number type, video display mode, the values are as follows: + +- 0-Display according to the position and size specified by the properties of height, width, left and top set in the `setVideoDisplayArea()` method; +- 1-Full screen display, display according to full screen height and width (default value); +- 2-Width display, which refers to the full-screen width display without changing the aspect ratio of the original image; +- 3-Height display, which refers to the full-screen height display without changing the aspect ratio of the original image; +- 255-The video display window will be closed. It will hide the video window while maintaining the media stream connection. If the media playback does not stop, it will continue to play. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise returning other values. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.16 getVideoDisplayMode** + +Prototype: number `getVideoDisplayMode()` + +Description: Getting the display mode of the video window corresponding to the `MediaPlayer` object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the values are as follows: + +- 0-Display according to the position and size specified by the properties of height, width, left and top set in the `setVideoDisplayArea()` method; +- 1-Full screen display, display according to full screen height and width (default value); +- 2-Width display, which refers to the full-screen width display without changing the aspect ratio of the original image; +- 3-Height display, which refers to the full-screen height display without changing the aspect ratio of the original image; +- 255-The video display window will be closed. It will hide the video window while maintaining the media stream connection. If the media playback does not stop, it will continue to play. +- Other: The display mode is illegal. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.17 setVideoDisplayArea** + +Prototype: number `setVideoDisplayArea(rect)` + +Description: Setting the window display area. Every time this method is called, the video display window is not displayed in the set area immediately, and the video is displayed in the set area only after the `refresh()` method is called. When the video needs to be displayed in the area set by the `setVideoDisplayArea()` method, `setVideoDisplayMode(0)` needs to be called; but there is no order in which the two are called, just before calling the `refresh()` method. + +Parameter: `rect` – `Rectangle` object, describing the location information of the display area. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise return others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.18 getVideoDisplayArea** + +Prototype: `Rectangle` `getVideoDisplayArea()` + +Description: Getting the position information of the display area of the video window. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A `Rectangle` object, indicating the location information of the display area of the video window. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.19 setVolume** + +Prototype: number setVolume(volume) + +Description: Setting the current volume. If the broadcast service is currently being played, the increment of the channel relative to the global volume should be memorized. + +NOTE – Volume increment = current volume-global volume. + +Parameter: volume – number type, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating minimum volume (mute), 100 indicating maximum volume. + +Return: number type, returning 0 if successful, otherwise returning others. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.20 getVolume** + +Prototype: number getVolume() + +Description: Getting the current volume. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the value range being 0-100, 0 indicating the minimum volume (mute), and 100 indicating the maximum volume. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.21 getCurrentLanguage** + +Prototype: string getCurrentLanguage() + +Description: Getting the current language being used. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the audio language, and the three-letter code of the language follows the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. If it cannot be obtained, undefined is returned. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.22 listAvailableLanguages** + +Prototype: string[] listAvailableLanguages() + +Description: Getting all currently available audio languages. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A String type array, indicating a list of audio languages. The three-letter language codes follow the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. If it cannot be obtained, an array of length 0 is returned. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.23 selectDefaultLanguage** + +Prototype: string selectDefaultLanguage() + +Description: Setting the audio language as the default language. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the default audio language, and the three-letter language code follows the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.24 selectLanguage** + +Prototype: selectLanguage(language) + +Description: Setting the language of the current audio. + +Parameter: language – string type, indicating the audio language, and the three-letter code of the language follows the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard. + +Return: None. + +### **Q.2.2.3.25 getMediaDuration** + +Prototype: string getMediaDuration() + +Description: Getting the total duration of the currently media playing. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, the format is "hh:mm:ss". + +- When the property of the media source is a local media file, this method returns the total duration of the media being played; +- When the media source is broadcast service, interactive TV service, or IP-UDP coding stream, this method returns undefined. + +### **Q.2.2.3.26 getCurrentPlayTime** + +Prototype: string getCurrentPlayTime() + +Description: Getting the current time point of media playback. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the current time point of media playback, with two time types: Normal Play Time and Absolute Time. + +- Normal Play Time format for on-demand; +- Absolute Time format for time shift. + +### **Q.2.2.3.27 getPlaybackMode** + +Prototype: string getPlaybackMode() + +Description: Getting the current play mode of the player. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating JSON character string, which includes at least two types of information: "PlayMode" and "Speed". + +For the values, PlayMode can be Normal, Pause, Trickmode, when it is Trickmode, it must be 2x/-2x, 4x/-4x, 8x/-8x, 16x/-16x, 32x/-32x parameters to indicate the speed parameters of fast forward/fast backward. Examples of return values: + +{"PlayMode":"Trickmode", "Speed":"2x"}. + +### **Q.2.2.3.28 getServiceLocation** + +Prototype: string getServiceLocation(flag) + +Description: Getting the locator of the specified program according to the program flag object. + +Parameter: flag – number type, the value range is shown in Table Q.6. + +**Table Q.6 – Table of flag value** + +| Flag | Description | +|-------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | It indicates the program being played. | +| 1 | It indicates the previous program played. | +| 2 | It indicates the previous television program played. | +| 3 | It indicates the previous broadcast program played. | + +Return: string type, indicating the locator (URL) of the service. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.29 setPauseMode** + +Prototype: setPauseMode(mode) + +Description: Setting the output mode of the video in the pause state. + +Parameter: mode – number type, 0 indicating a black screen, and 1 indicating a still frame. + +Return: None. + +#### **Q.2.2.3.30 getPauseMode** + +Prototype: number getPauseMode() + +Description: Getting the video output mode in the pause state. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0 indicating a black screen, and 1 indicating a still frame. + +## Annex R + +### JavaScript-Application management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### R.1 Overview + +This annex defines the functional modules related to application management: application management module, the detailed definition of the application management module functions is shown in Table R.1. + +**Table R.1 – Definition of application management module function** + +| Function | Description | +|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Application download |
  1. 1. The application can be downloaded to the local storage through multiple data channels such as http, https, DVB OC data push, etc. from the website or specified URL, APPSTORE;
  2. 2. Copy applications directly from other storage devices to local storage.
| +| Application installation |
  1. 1. The installation package can only be installed through the signature verification;
  2. 2. Decompress the installation package to the specified location in the local storage.
| +| Application uninstall |
  1. 1. Delete the installation package;
  2. 2. Delete the buffered data files stored locally by the application;
  3. 3. Delete the decompressed directory.
| +| Application upgrade |
  1. 1. Get the application list on the server;
  2. 2. Check the updated version on the server, and upgrade if there is a new version.
| +| Application permission management |
  1. 1. The application's access to system resources;
  2. 2. Application permissions need to be classified and prioritized;
  3. 3. The settings of application permissions can be modified and configured through the configuration file of the installation package;
  4. 4. Application startup and operation need to be carried out in the sandbox and also need permission for control.
| +| Application information query |
  1. 1. Query of application operating status information;
  2. 2. Access authority information for system resources owned by the application;
  3. 3. Version information of the application.
| +| Application security |
  1. 1. Ensure the legitimacy of the application source through digital signature;
  2. 2. The generated installation package database requires root permission control to prevent unauthorized users from modifying the installation package database and ensure the security of the file;
  3. 3. After decompressing the application files and directory tree, only the application manager has read and write permissions to prevent applications from reading each other and ensure the isolation between applications;
  4. 4. Startup and operation, and access to resources need to be controlled through permissions to ensure the safety of application operation.
| + +**Table R.1 – Definition of application management module function** + +| Function | Description | +|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Application startup and switching | 1. Analyze the size, icon, authorization, multi-language, localization, startup of the HTML file, characteristics, text encoding, and resource location of each application through the configuration file;
2. Switch between application and launcher;
3. Switch between applications;
4. Management of focus;
5. Processing of independent applications. | + +## **R.2 Application management module** + +This module defines the JS object related to application management: widget. + +### **R.2.1 window object extended property widget** + +``` +interface partial Window : EventTarget { + readonly attribute Widget widget; +}; +``` + +### **R.2.2 widget object** + +The widget object is a built-in object and is used directly. + +#### **R.2.2.1 Overview** + +The widget object contains read-only properties, methods, and message feedback. + +``` +interface Widget { + readonly attribute DOMString author; //corresponding to the author element of config.xml + readonly attribute DOMString description; //corresponding to the description element of config.xml + readonly attribute DOMString name; //corresponding to the name element of config.xml + readonly attribute DOMString shortName; //corresponding to the name short property of config.xml + readonly attribute DOMString version; //corresponding to the widget version property of config.xml + readonly attribute DOMString id; //corresponding to the widget id property of config.xml + readonly attribute DOMString authorEmail; //corresponding to the author email property of config.xml + readonly attribute DOMString authorHref; //corresponding to the author href property of config.xml + readonly attribute Storage preferences; //corresponding to the preference element of config.xml + readonly attribute unsigned long height; //corresponding to the widget height property of config.xml + readonly attribute unsigned long width; //corresponding to the widget width property of config.xml + void launchWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString src, DOMString type); +}; +``` + +``` + +void installWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url); //Install widget +void updateWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url); // Update + widget +DOMString checkWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url); //Check + widget, return version number +void uninstallWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id); //Uninstall widget +void deletePackage(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id); //Delete application package +//The following are several messages that the application manager feeds back to the application +attribute EventHandler onstart; +attribute EventHandler onresume; +attribute EventHandler onpause; +attribute EventHandler onstop; +attribute EventHandler onterminate; +attribute EventHandler ondownloadsuccess; +attribute EventHandler ondownloadfail; +attribute EventHandler ondownloadsize; +}; + +``` + +### Example of use + +The widget's config.xml configuration file is as follows: + +#### Packaged Web Apps (Widgets) – Packaging and XML Configuration (Second Edition) + +``` + + + + The example Widget! + A sample widget to demonstrate some of the possibilities. + Foo Bar Corp + + + + +``` + +The page code for accessing config.xml through JS widget API is as follows: + +Widget Interface(JS Extension) + +``` + +About this Widget + + + +
+

+

Name

+

Version:

+
+

...

+
+

+
+ + +``` + +### R.2.2.2 Property + +The definition of the widget object property is shown in Table R.2. + +Table R.2 – Properties of widget object + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| Author | string | Read only | corresponding to the author element of config.xml | +| description | string | Read only | corresponding to the description element of config.xml | +| Name | string | Read only | corresponding to the name element of config.xml | +| shortName | string | Read only | corresponding to the name short property of config.xml | + +**Table R.2 – Properties of widget object** + +| Property name | Type | Read/write property | Description | +|---------------|----------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| Version | string | Read only | corresponding to the widget version property of config.xml | +| Id | string | Read only | corresponding to the widget id property of config.xml | +| authorEmail | string | Read only | corresponding to the author email property of config.xml | +| authorHref | string | Read only | corresponding to the author href property of config.xml | +| preferences | Storage | Read only | corresponding to the preference element of config.xml | +| Height | Number unsigned long | Read only | corresponding to the widget height property of config.xml | +| width | Number unsigned long | Read only | corresponding to the widget width property of config.xml | + +**R.2.2.3 Method** + +**R.2.2.3.1 launchWidget** + +Prototype: void launchWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString src, DOMString type) + +Description: Start the widget on the launcher or return the widget to the launcher. + +Parameter: widgetname – DOMString type, which is the start of the widget, which is the character string, if the widgetname is widget.launcher.home, it indicates that it must return to the launcher; + +src – DOMString type, it is obtained through the src of the content element of the widget's config.xml file; + +type – DOMString type, it is obtained by the type of the content element of the widget's config.xml file. + +Return: None. + +**R.2.2.3.2 installWidget** + +Prototype: void installWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url) + +Description: Download and install the widget. If the widget does not exist, download it from the location specified by the url first. + +Parameter: widgetname – DOMString type, which is widget name, which is a character string; + +id – DOMString type, which is widget identifier, which is a character string; + +url – DOMString type, which is the download location of the specified widget, which is a character string. + +Return: None. + +**R.2.2.3.3 updateWidget** + +Prototype: void updateWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url) + +Description: update widget. + +Parameter: widgetname – DOMString type, which is widget name, which is a character string; + +id – DOMString type, which is widget identifier, which is a character string; + +url – DOMString type, which is the download location of the specified widget, which is a character string. + +Return: None. + +#### **R.2.2.3.4 checkWidget** + +Prototype: DOMString checkWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url) + +Description: detect widget. + +Parameter: widgetname – DOMString type, which is widget name, which is a character string; + +id – DOMString type, which is widget identifier, which is a character string; + +url – DOMString type, which is the download location of the specified widget, which is a character string. + +Return: version number. + +#### **R.2.2.3.5 uninstallWidget** + +Prototype: void uninstallWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id) + +Description: Uninstall the widget. + +Parameter: widgetname – DOMString type, which is widget name, which is a character string; + +id – DOMString type, which is widget identifier, which is a character string; + +Return: None. + +#### **R.2.2.3.6 deletePackage** + +Prototype: void deletePackage(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id) + +Description: Delete the application package. + +Parameter: widgetname – DOMString type, which is widget name, which is a character string; + +id – DOMString type, which is widget identifier, which is a character string; + +Return: None. + +#### **R.2.2.4 Message callback** + +Message callback, used to feed back the current application process status and download status, the callback details are shown in Table R.3. + +**Table R.3 – Message callback of widget object** + +| Callback name | Description | +|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| onstart | Feedback status when the application process starts | +| onresume | Feedback status when the application process is running | +| onpause | Feedback status when the application process is paused | +| onstop | Feedback status when the application process is stopped | +| onterminate | Feedback status when the application process is interrupted | +| ondownloadsuccess | Feedback status when the application is downloaded successfully | +| ondownloadfail | Feedback status when downloading the application fails | + +**Table R.3 – Message callback of widget object** + +| Callback name | Description | +|----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ondownloadsize |

The feedback status when the application is being downloaded, including the total size and the current number of bytes, see:

interface WidgetEvent: Event {
readonly attribute long widgetEvenTtype;
readonly attribute long download_totoalsize;
readonly attribute long download_currSize;};
| + +## Annex S + +### JavaScript-System management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### S.1 Overview + +This annex defines the functional modules related to system management: data management, storage device management, file management, multimedia files, OTA software upgrades, system tools, and software and hardware information query. + +#### S.2 Data management module + +This module defines the JS object related to data management: DataConfig. + +##### S.2.1 Message + +The definition of the message that the data management module may send to the application layer is shown in Table S.1. + +**Table S.1 – Definition table of data management module message** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|--------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_SAVE_DATA_SUCCESS | 14001 | – | Data writing is completed. | +| MSG_SAVE_DATA_FAILED | 14002 | – | Data writing is not completed. | +| MSG_REMOVE_DATA_SUCCESS | 14003 | – | Data deletion is completed. | +| MSG_REMOVE_DATA_FAILED | 14004 | – | Data deletion is not completed. | +| MSG_REVERT_DATA_SUCCESS | 14005 | – | Data recovery is completed. | +| MSG_REVERT_DATA_FAILED | 14006 | – | Data recovery is not completed. | +| MSG_RESTORE_TO_DEFAULT_SUCCESS | 14007 | – | Data restoration to factory settings is completed. | +| MSG_RESTORE_TO_DEFAULT_FAILED | 14008 | – | Data restoration to factory settings is not completed. | +| Reserved | 14009~14100 | | | + +NOTE – The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type: + +- "Number" indicating that the value is the ID of the message description string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the message character string JSON format, the message content will be retrieved according to the format. +- "-", indicating event.modifiers is undefined. + +##### S.2.2 DataConfig object + +The DataConfig object is a built-in object. + +System parameters and user parameters are stored in the receiving terminal NVM in the form of a data table, and the data table is accessed in the form of "key name + key value". The key value is stored in JSON format in RAM and NVM. When the application reads the data, it should be parsed according to the application scenario corresponding to the key name. + +System parameters are provided by the system and stored in the system data table; user parameters are set by the application program and stored in the user data table. The system data table is used to store the global configuration information set by the system. Key names and key values are publicly disclosed in JSON format. Authorized applications can set/read parameters, but cannot delete data items; user data tables are maintained by the application itself, the JSON formats of the key names and key values are not publicly available. + +After the receiving terminal is turned on, the data table is automatically read from the NVM to the RAM; after the user sets the parameters, the data in the RAM can be saved to the NVM. + +NOTE – The system saves the setting values of the following functions. The saved values will be used next time the system is turned on, and will not be displayed in the system information table. + +Volume setting, setting S/PDIF output interface data format, channel setting, video resolution, graphics layer transparency, display aspect ratio. + +The JSON formats of the key names and key values of the system data table are shown in Table S.2. + +**Table S.2 – Definition table of data management module message** + +| Key name | Key value | | +|----------------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DVBMainFrequencyInfo | Use | It describes DVB main frequency point information. | +| | JSON format |
[ { "deliveryType":1, "deliveryParams":[ {"frequency":626000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3}, {"frequency":634000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3}, {"frequency":642000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3} ] }, ... ]

NOTE – The JSON format of the key value of the DVBMainFrequencyInfo key can describe multiple delivery systems, and each delivery system can describe multiple main frequency point information. In this example, the above-mentioned JSON character string describes a DVB-C delivery system, and the delivery system includes 3 main frequency point information.

| +| | Description | deliveryType | +| | | Int type, indicating the type of the delivery system, for the values, please see the constant field definition of the DeliverySystemType interface "Delivery System Type". | +| | | frequency | +| | | Int type, indicating the tuning frequency, and is measured in a unit related to the value of the deliveryType field:
  • – If deliveryType=1, it indicates DVB-C delivery system, in kilohertz (kHz);
  • – If deliveryType is other value, this key is meaningless.
| +| | | symbolRate | +| | | Int type, indicating the symbol rate, in thousand symbols per second (ksymbol/s). | + +**Table S.2 – Definition table of data management module message** + +| Key name | Key value | | | +|----------------|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | modulation | Int type, indicating the modulation mode, and the value is related to the value of the deliveryType field:
– If deliveryType=1, it indicates DVB-C delivery system. For the values, please see the constant field definition of "modulation mode" of the DvbcTunningParameters class;
– If deliveryType is other value, this key is meaningless. | +| EPGSetting | Use | It describes EPG search setting information. | | +| | JSON format | { "search_start_date":0, "search_days":7, "program_event_maxcount":255 } | | +| | Description | search_start_date | Int type, indicating the start date of the system searching the program table. The default is 0, indicating that the current day will be the start date of the search, 1 indicating the second day, 2 indicating the third day,..., and so on. | +| | | search_days | Int type, indicating how many consecutive days the system will search for the program table. | +| | | program_event_max_count | Int type, indicating the maximum number of program events searched by EPG. If the value is -1, it means unlimited. | +| AudioSetting | Use | It describes audio settings information. | | +| | JSON format | { "enableGlobalVolume":0 } | | +| | Description | enableGlobalVolume | Int type, indicating whether to enable unified volume control, the value is:
– indicating whether the application allows the user to set the volume of each channel separately;
– the application allows to indicate that the volume of all live TV, audio broadcasting, NVOD, and mosaic is unified as the outputVolume value. | +| | | | | +| UserPreference | Use | It describes user preference setting information. | | +| | JSON format | { "audioLang":"zho", "osdLang":"eng" } | | +| | Description | audioLang | Character string, indicating the audio language preferred by the user. The three-letter language code follows GB/T 4880.2-2000. | + +**Table S.2 – Definition table of data management module message** + +| Key name | Key value | | | +|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | osdLang | Character string, indicating the interface language preferred by the user. The three letter language code follows GB/T 4880.2-2000. | +| Portal | Use | It describes the portal server address information. | | +| | JSON format | {
"address":"http://ngb.com",
"port":8080,
"returnChannel":"modulator"
} | | +| | Description | address | Character string, indicating the portal server address. | +| | | port | Int type, indicating the access port of the portal server. | +| | | returnChannel | Character string, indicating a return channel, the values modulator and ethernet indicate the network modulator and Ethernet respectively. | +| NTP | Use | It describes the NTP server address information. | | +| | JSON format | {
"address":"http://ntp.com",
"port":8080
} | | +| | Description | address | Character string, indicating the NTP server address. | +| | | port | Int type, indicating the NTP server access port. | +| VODChannel | Use | It describes the VOD server address information. | | +| | JSON format | {
"MD5":"5A8B6493",
"VODParams":[
{
"frequency":634000,
"symbolRate":6875,
"modulation":3,
"QAMName":1234
},
{
"frequency":642000,
"symbolRate":6875,
"modulation":3,
"QAMName":4321
},
{
} | | + +**Table S.2 – Definition table of data management module message** + +| Key name | Key value | | +|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| |
 "frequency":650000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3, "QAMName":8888 } ] } 
NOTE – Only applicable to cable digital TV. | | +| Description | MD5 | Character string, indicating the MD5 code of the configuration file. | +| | frequency | Int type, indicating the frequency of the IPQAM frequency, in kilohertz (kHz). | +| | symbolRate | Int type, indicating the symbol rate of the IPQAM frequency point, in thousand symbols per second (ksymbol/s). | +| | modulation | Int type, indicating the IPQAM frequency point modulation mode. For the value, please refer to the constant field definition of "modulation mode" of the DvbcTunningParameters class. | +| | QAMName | Int type, indicating the VOD area code. | +| UserInfo | Use | It describes end user information. | +| | JSON format |
 {   "adminPassword":"12345" } 
| +| | Description | adminPassword Character string, indicating the administrator password, used to enter the system setting interface and watch locked channels. | +| Autodeployer | Use | It describes the automatic deployment information of the application. | +| | JSON format |
 {   "mode":"auto-ip",   "ocPath":[     {       "deliveryType":1,       "deliveryParams":[         {"frequency":626000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3},         {"frequency":634000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3},         {"frequency":642000, "symbolRate":6875, "modulation":3}       ]     },     ...   ],   "ipPath":[     {       "udpPath":"192.168.1.12",       "udpPort":8080,       "downloadTimeout":60     }   ] } 
| + +**Table S.2 – Definition table of data management module message** + +| Key name | Key value | | +|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| |
 }, ... ] } 

NOTE – The one-way broadcast channel supports multiple delivery systems and multiple frequency points to issue XML signaling files; the two-way broadband channel supports multiple UDP servers to issue XML signaling files.

| | +| Autodeployer | Description |

mode

Character string, indicating the method of obtaining the XML signaling file for automatic deployment, the value is:

  • – The method of obtaining the file indicates obtaining the XML signaling file from the two-way broadband channel;
  • – File; Broadband channel indicates obtaining XML signaling file from one-way broadcast channel;
  • – File; Broadcast channel acquisition value: it indicates self-adaptation most of the time, and preferentially obtains XML signaling file from two-way broadband channel;
  • – File; it indicates self-adaptation preferentially from two-way broadband communication, and preferentially obtains XML signaling file from one-way broadband channel.
| +| | |

ocPath

JSON object type indicates OC download path for automatic deploying the xml signaling file.

  • – Path. It indicates the automatic deployment of broadcast communication: int type, indicating the type of delivery system, same as the explanation of the DVBMainFrequencyInfo key;
  • – Explanation; inFrequency: JSON object, same as the explanation of DVBMainFrequencyInfo key.
| +| | |

ipPath

JSON object type, indicating the ip download path for automatic deploying the xml signaling file.

  • – Path. It indicates automation: character string, indicating the UDP server address;
  • – Device address; It indicates automation: Int type, indicating UDP service port;
  • – Port; It indicates automatic deployment of uencyI: Int type, indicating application download timeout time, in second.
| +| SeaChangeVOD | Use | It describes SeaChange VOD-related information. | +| | JSON format |
 {   "bakerFreq": {     "frequency": 626000,     "symbolRate": 6875,     "modulation": 3   } } 
| + +**Table S.2 – Definition table of data management module message** + +| Key name | Key value | | +|----------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | },
"serviceGroupId": 1
} | | +| | frequency | Int type, indicating the tuning frequency,
– in kilohertz (kHz); | +| | symbolRate | Int type, indicating the symbol rate, in thousand
symbols per second (ksymbol/s). | +| | modulation | Int type, indicating the modulation mode, for
the value, please refer to the constant field
definition of "modulation mode" of the
DvbcTunningParameters class; | +| | serviceGroupId | Service Group Id value | + +### S.2.2.1 Method + +#### S.2.2.1.1 createUserPropertyTable + +Prototype: number createUserPropertyTable(name) + +Description: Creating a new user data table. + +Parameter: name – string type, indicating the name of the user data table. + +Return: number type, the value being: + +- If the user data table is created successfully, the return value is greater than 0, which is used to indicate the globally unique data table identifier; +- If the creation of the user data table fails due to unknown reasons, the value 0 will be returned; +- If the user data table to be created already exists, the value –1 will be returned; +- If the name of the user data table to be created is invalid (for example, it is a null or empty character string), the value –2 will be returned. + +#### S.2.2.1.2 getUserPropertyTable + +Prototype: number getUserPropertyTable(name) + +Description: Getting the user data table. + +Parameter: name – string type, indicating the name of the user data table. + +Return: number type, the value being as follows: + +- If the user data table is successfully obtained, the return value is greater than 0, which is used to indicate the globally unique data table identifier; +- If the user data table fails to be obtained due to unknown reasons, the value 0 will be returned; +- If the user data table to be obtained does not exist, the value –1 is returned; +- If the name of the user data table to be obtained is invalid (for example, it is a null or empty character string), the value –2 is returned. + +#### S.2.2.1.3 deleteUserPropertyTable + +Prototype: number deleteUserPropertyTable(tableID) + +Description: Delete the user data table. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, user data table ID. + +Return: number type, the value being as follows: + +- If the user data table is deleted successfully, the return value is greater than 0, which is used to indicate the globally unique data table identifier; +- If the user data table fails to be deleted due to unknown reasons, the value 0 will be returned; +- If the user data table to be deleted does not exist, the value –1 is returned; +- If the name of the user data table to be deleted is invalid (for example, it is a null or empty character string), the value –2 will be returned. + +#### **S.2.2.1.4 getSystemPropertyTable** + +Prototype: number getSystemPropertyTable() + +Description: Obtain the system data table. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the value being as follows: + +- If the system data table is successfully obtained, the return value is greater than 0, which is used to indicate the globally unique data table identifier; +- If the system data table fails to be obtained due to unknown reasons, the value 0 will be returned; +- If the system data table to be obtained does not exist, the value –1 is returned. + +#### **S.2.2.1.5 createItem** + +Prototype: createItem(tableID,strItem,strValue) + +Description: Creating a data item in the user data table and assign an initial value to the content of this data item. The operation on the system data table is invalid. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, user data table ID. + +strItem – string type, key name of the newly created data item. + +strValue – string type, JSON format character string, indicating the key value of the newly created data item. + +Return: number type, the value being as follows: + +- If the data item is created successfully, the return value is greater than 0; +- If the creation of the data item fails due to unknown reasons, the value 0 will be returned; +- If the input data table ID does not exist, the value –1 will be returned; +- If the name of the input data item already exists in the data table, the value –2 will be returned; +- If the name of the input data item is invalid (for example, null or empty character string), the value -3 is returned. + +#### **S.2.2.1.6 deleteItem** + +Prototype: deleteItem(tableID,strItem) + +Description: Delete a data item in the user data table. The operation on the system data table is invalid. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, data table ID. + +strItem – string type, name of the data item. + +Return: number type, the value being as follows: + +- If the deletion is successful, the return value is greater than 0; + +- If the deletion of the data item fails due to unknown reasons, the value 0 will be returned; +- If the data item does not exist, the value $-1$ is returned. + +#### S.2.2.1.7 **getProperty** + +Prototype: string getProperty(tableID, strItem) + +Description: Getting the value of a data item (read from memory). Both system data table and user data table can be operated. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, data table ID. + +strItem – string type, name of the data item. + +Return: string type, value of the data item; if the data item does not exist, null is returned. + +#### S.2.2.1.8 **setProperty** + +Prototype: number setProperty(tableID, strItem, strValue) + +Description: Setting the value of a data item (write to memory). Both system data table and user data table can be operated. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, indicating the data table ID; + +strItem – string type, indicating the name of the data item; + +strValue – string type, indicating the value of the data item. + +Return: number type, the value being as follows: + +- If the modification is successful, the return value is greater than 0; +- If the modification of the content fails due to unknown reasons, the value 0 will be returned; +- If the data item does not exist, the value $-1$ is returned. + +#### S.2.2.1.9 **saveToNvm** + +Prototype: boolean saveToNvm(tableID) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, writing the data table in RAM to NVM, overwrite the data table in NVM. Both system data table and user data table can be operated. + +- If the data is written successfully, send the message MSG\_SAVE\_DATA\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the data writing fails, send the message MSG\_SAVE\_DATA\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, data table ID. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating the start of the execution, false indicating unexecution, and whether the execution result is successful is known by capturing the message. + +#### S.2.2.1.10 **removeFromNvm** + +Prototype: boolean removeFromNvm(tableID) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, deleting the user table specified by the tableID parameter in the NVM. + +- If the data is deleted successfully, send the message MSG\_REMOVE\_DATA\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the data deletion fails, send the message MSG\_REMOVE\_DATA\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, indicating the data table ID. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating the start of the execution, false indicating unexecution, and whether the execution result is successful is known by capturing the message. + +#### S.2.2.1.11 revertFromNvm + +Prototype: boolean revertFromNvm(tableID) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, importing the data table in NVM into RAM, overwrite the current data table in memory. Both system data table and user data table can be operated. + +- If the data coverage is successful, send the message MSG\_REVERT\_DATA\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the data coverage fails, send the message MSG\_REVERT\_DATA\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: tableID – number type, indicating the data table ID. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating the start of the execution, false indicating unexecution, and whether the execution result is successful is known by capturing the message. + +#### S.2.2.1.12 restoreDefault + +Prototype: boolean restoreDefault() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, restoring the system data table in NVM to the factory setting state, and update the system data table in RAM synchronously. + +- If the data is restored successfully, send the message MSG\_RESTORE\_TO\_DEFAULT\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the data recovery fails, send the message MSG\_RESTORE\_TO\_DEFAULT\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating the start of the execution, false indicating unexecution, and whether the execution result is successful is known by capturing the message. + +### S.3 External storage device management module + +This module defines JS objects related to external storage device management: StorageDeviceManager, StorageDevice, StoragePartition. + +#### S.3.1 Message + +The definition of message that the external storage device management module may send to the application layer is shown in Table S.3. + +**Table S.3 – Definition table of message of external storage device management module** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message format | +|------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------| +| MSG_DEVICE_UNINSTALL_SUCCESS | 14101 | – | The device is successfully uninstalled. | +| MSG_DEVICE_UNINSTALL_FAILED | 14102 | – | The uninstallation of the device failed. | +| Reserved | 14103~14200 | | | + +NOTE – The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type: + +- "Number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description character string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the message character string JSON format, the message content will be retrieved according to the format. +- "–", indicating event.modifiers is undefined. + +### S.3.2 StorageDeviceManager object + +The StorageDeviceManager object is a built-in object, which completes the management and setting operations of external storage devices. + +#### S.3.2.1 Method + +##### S.3.2.1.1 uninstallDeviceByID + +Prototype: public boolean uninstallDeviceByID(id) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, uninstalling the device based on the device ID. + +- If the uninstallation is successful, it will return "MSG\_UNINATALL\_DEVICE\_SUCCESS" message; +- If the uninstallation fails, it will return "MSG\_UNINATALL\_DEVICE\_FAILED" message. + +Parameter: id – number type, device ID. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the start of the execution, false indicating unexecution, and whether the execution result is successful is known by capturing the message. + +##### S.3.2.1.2 getAllStorageDevices + +Prototype: public StorageDevice[] getAllStorageDevices() + +Description: Obtain all storage device information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Array of StorageDevice objects. + +### S.3.3 StorageDevice object + +The StorageDevice object is a local object, which describes storage device information, including name, size, free space, etc. + +Example: + +``` +//Create StorageDevice object through the StorageDeviceManager method. +var storageDeviceArray = StorageDeviceManager.getAllStorageDevices(); +var storageDevice = storageDeviceArray[0]; +``` + +#### S.3.3.1 Property + +The definition of the property of the StorageDevice object is shown in Table S.4. + +**Table S.4 – Table of StorageDevice property** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| Id | number | Read only | Get the unique identifier of the storage device. | +| Name | string | Read only | Get the name of the storage device. | + +**Table S.4 – Table of StorageDevice property** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| status | number | Read only | Get the status information of the storage device, the value is:
  • – 0-indicating that the storage device has been uninstalled;
  • – 1-indicating that the storage device has been found and the type has been determined;
  • – 2-indicating that the storage device is ready;
  • – 3-indicating that the storage device is not available.
| +| serialNumber | string | Read only | Returns the serial number of the storage device. | + +### S.3.3.2 Method + +#### S.3.3.2.1 getAllPartitions + +Prototype: public StoragePartition[] getAllPartitions() + +Description: Obtain all partition information of the device. + +Parameter: empty. + +Return: Array of StoragePartition objects. + +#### S.3.3.2.2 getPartitionByID + +Prototype: public StoragePartition getPartitionByID(id) + +Description: Getting the partition object of the specified ID. + +Parameter: id – number type, specify the partition ID. + +Return: StoragePartition object. + +### S.3.4 StoragePartition object + +The StoragePartition object is a local object. + +This object describes the partition information of the storage device, including name, size, idle state, access path, partition type, etc. + +Example: + +``` +//Create StoragePartition object through the StorageDevice method. +``` + +``` +var storagePartitionArray= storageDevice.getAllPartitions(); +``` + +``` +var storagePartition = storagePartitionArray[0]; +``` + +#### S.3.4.1 Property + +The definition of the property of the StoragePartition object is shown in Table S.5. + +**Table S.5 – Table of property of StoragePartition** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Id | number | Read only | Partition ID, that is, the unique identifier of the partition. | +| Name | string | Read only | Get the partition name of the storage device. | +| totalSize | number | Read only | Get the size of the partition space of the storage device, in KB. | +| freeSize | number | Read only | Get the free space size of the partition of the storage device, in KB. | +| Path | string | Read only | Get the access path of the partition of the storage device. | +| fsType | string | Read only | Get the system type of the partition file, that is partition format, the main values are E2FS, FAT32, NTFS, etc. | +| fsStatus | string | Read only | It indicates the partition status of the storage device, such as "good", "unformatted", etc. | + +#### S.4 File management module + +This module defines JS objects related to file management: FileManager, FileObj and Directory. The relationship between the objects is shown in Figure S.1. + +![UML class diagram showing the relationship between FileManager, Directory, and FileObj. FileManager has arrows pointing to both Directory and FileObj. Directory has an arrow pointing to FileObj. The diagram is labeled J.1206(24).](f64ee95959df1eb3200a5fda49f52b12_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + FileManager --> Directory + FileManager --> FileObj + Directory --> FileObj + +``` + +UML class diagram showing the relationship between FileManager, Directory, and FileObj. FileManager has arrows pointing to both Directory and FileObj. Directory has an arrow pointing to FileObj. The diagram is labeled J.1206(24). + +**Figure S.1 – Relationship between file resource management objects** + +##### 1) Local storage file system + +The receiving terminal assigns an area in the local storage to the system (currently the local storage of the receiving terminal is usually implemented by flash memory, and may support other local storage media in the future) for the system to store the downloaded web main application, other applications, local configuration information, PSI/ SI information, user files and other data. For systems and applications, only this area is writable in the local storage, which is maintained and used by the system and applications. This area is uniformly identified with /storage/storage0 in the application to identify its root path. In the future, based on service needs, the second and third writable areas may be added, which are identified by /storage/storage1, /storage/storage2, and currently the terminal only needs to support /storage/storage0. + +Example: + +- Access the data stored in the boot application with the path /storage/storage0/startapp/; +- Access the data stored in the advertising service with the path /storage/storage0/adv/. + +The corresponding relationship between the /storage/storage0 path of the receiving terminal and the Linux file system path (for example, /mnt/hd/HDD0) is implemented by the system itself. + +## 2) USB file system + +The path of the storage device connected to the USB interface of the receiving terminal is obtained by using the related objects of the external storage device management module interface in this annex. + +### S.4.1 Message + +The message of the information of the file management module is shown in Table S.6. + +**Table S.6 – Message of file management module** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message format | +|----------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_COPYFILE_SUCCESS | 14201 | – | The file is copied successfully. | +| MSG_COPYFILE_FAILED | 14202 | – | The copy of the file fails. | +| MSG_FILE_NOT_EXIST | 14203 | – | The source file does not exist. | +| MSG_SPACE_SHORTAGE | 14204 | – | The target storage space is insufficient. | +| MSG_MOVEFILE_SUCCESS | 14205 | – | The file moves successfully. | +| MSG_MOVEFILE_FAILED | 14206 | – | File moves failed. | +| MSG_CANNOT_DELETE_FILE | 14207 | – | Unable to delete source file. | +| MSG_DELETEFILE_SUCCESS | 14208 | – | The file is deleted successfully. | +| MSG_DELETEFILE_FAILED | 14209 | – | File deletion fails. | +| Reserved | 14210~14300 | – | | +| MSG_COPYDIRECTORY_SUCCESS | 14301 | – | The directory is copied successfully. | +| MSG_COPYDIRECTORY_FAILED | 14302 | – | The directory copy fails. | +| MSG_DIRECTORY_NOT_EXIST | 14303 | – | The source directory does not exist. | +| MSG_MOVEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS | 14305 | – | The directory moves successfully. | +| MSG_MOVEDIRECTORY_FAILED | 14306 | – | The directory moves failed. | +| MSG_CANNOT_DELETE_DIRECTORY | 14307 | – | Unable to delete the source directory. | +| MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS | 14308 | – | The directory is deleted successfully. | +| MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_FAILED | 14309 | – | Directory deletion fails. | +| MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_SUCCESS | 14310 | number | The front-end file has been downloaded to the memory. | + +**Table S.6 – Message of file management module** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message format | +|------------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_EXIST | 14311 | number | The file to be downloaded does not exist on the front end. | +| MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_FAILED | 14312 | number | The front-end file download fails. | +| MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_TIMEOUT | 14313 | number | The front-end file download times out. | +| MSG_REMOTE_FILE_EXIST | 14314 | number | The specified file exists on the front end. | +| MSG_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_EXIST | 14315 | number | The specified file does not exist on the front end. | +| MSG_REMOTE_FILE_SEARCH_TIMEOUT | 14316 | number | The search for front-end file times out. | +| Reserved | 14317~14400 | | | + +#### S.4.2 FileManager object + +The FileManager object is a built-in object, used to manage local directories and files. + +##### S.4.2.1 Method + +###### S.4.2.1.1 copyFile + +Prototype: boolean copyFile(path1, path2) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, copying the file specified by path1 to path2 without deleting the source file. + +- If the copy is successful, send the message MSG\_COPYFILE\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the source file does not exist, send the message MSG\_FILE\_NOT\_EXIST to the page; +- If the storage area where the target path is located is insufficient, send the message MSG\_SPACE\_SHORTAGE to the page; +- If the copy fails, send the message MSG\_COPYFILE\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: path1-string type, the path of the source file (including the file name), there are two ways: + +- Local storage file path similar to /storage/storage0/xx/xx.txt; +- USB external storage file path obtained through related objects of the device management interface. + +path2-string type, the path of the target file (including the file name), there are two ways: + +- Local storage file path similar to /storage/storage0/xx/xx.txt; +- USB external storage file path obtained through related objects of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the start of the execution, false indicating the unexecution, and the execution result is known by capturing message. + +###### S.4.2.1.2 moveFile + +Prototype: boolean moveFile(path1, path2) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, copying the file specified by path1 to path2, and deleting the source file. + +- If the move is successful, send the message MSG\_MOVEFILE\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the source file does not exist, send the message MSG\_FILE\_NOT\_EXIST to the page; +- If the storage area where the target path is located is insufficient, send the message MSG\_SPACE\_SHORTAGE to the page; +- If the source file cannot be deleted, send the message MSG\_CANNOT\_DELETE\_FILE to the page; +- If the move fails, send the message MSG\_MOVEFILE\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: path1 – string type, the path of the source file (including the file name), there are two ways: + +- Local storage file path similar to /storage/storage0/xx/xx.txt; +- The path of the USB external storage file obtained through the related object of the device management interface. + +path2 – string type, the path of the target file (including the file name), there are two ways: + +- Local storage file path similar to /storage/storage0/xx/xx.txt; +- The path of the USB external storage file obtained through the related object of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the start of the execution, false indicating the unexecution, and the execution result is known by capturing message. + +#### S.4.2.1.3 **deleteFile** + +Prototype: boolean deleteFile(path) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, deleting a local file. + +- If the deletion is successful, send the message MSG\_DELETEFILE\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the deletion fails, send the message MSG\_DELETEFILE\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: path – string type, the path of the file to be deleted (including the file name), there are two ways: + +- Local storage file path similar to /storage/storage0/xx/xx.txt; +- The path of the USB external storage file obtained through the related object of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the start of the execution, false indicating the unexecution, and the execution result is known by capturing message. + +#### S.4.2.1.4 **existLocalFile** + +Prototype: boolean existLocalFile(path) + +Description: Determine whether a local file exists. + +Parameter: path – string type, the path of the local file (including the file name), there are two ways: + +- Local storage file path similar to /storage/storage0/xx/xx.txt; +- USB external storage file path obtained through related objects of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the file exists, false value indicating the file does not exist. + +#### S.4.2.1.5 **copyDirectory** + +Prototype: boolean copyDirectory(path1, path2) + +Description: Copy the directory specified by path1 and all the contents of the directory to the path2 path, without deleting the source directory and its contents + +- If the copy is successful, send the message MSG\_COPYDIRECTORY\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the source file does not exist, send the message MSG\_DIRECTORY\_NOT\_EXIST to the page; +- If the storage area where the target path is located is insufficient, send the message MSG\_SPACE\_SHORTAGE to the page; +- If the copy fails, send the message MSG\_COPYDIRECTORY\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: path1 – string type, the path of the source directory, it can have the following two ways: + +- The local storage directory path similar to /storage/storage0/xx; +- The USB external storage directory path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface. + +path2 – string type, the path of the target directory, it can have the following two ways: + +- The local storage directory path similar to /storage/storage0/xx; +- The USB external storage directory path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the start of the execution, false value indicating the unexecution, and the execution result is known by capturing message. + +#### S.4.2.1.6 **moveDirectory** + +Prototype: boolean moveDirectory(path1, path2) + +Description: Copy the directory specified by path1 and all the contents of the directory to the path2 path, and delete the source directory and its contents + +- When the move is successful, send the message MSG\_MOVEDIRECTORY\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the source file does not exist, send the message MSG\_DIRECTORY\_NOT\_EXIST to the page; +- If the storage area where the target path is located is insufficient, send the message MSG\_SPACE\_SHORTAGE to the page; +- If the source file cannot be deleted, send the message MSG\_CANNOT\_DELETE\_DIRECTORY to the page; +- If the move fails, send the message MSG\_MOVEDIRECTORY\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: path1 – string type, the path of the source directory, it can have the following two ways: + +- The local storage directory path similar to /storage/storage0/xx; +- The USB external storage directory path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface. + +path2 – string type, the path of the target directory, it can have the following two ways: + +- The local storage directory path similar to /storage/storage0/xx; +- The USB external storage directory path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the start of the execution, false indicating the unexecution, and the execution result is known by capturing message. + +#### **S.4.2.1.7 deleteDirectory** + +Prototype: boolean deleteDirectory(path) + +Description: Delete a directory and all its contents. + +- If the deletion is successful, send the message MSG\_DELETEDIRECTORY\_SUCCESS to the page; +- If the deletion fails, send the message MSG\_DELETEDIRECTORY\_FAILED to the page. + +Parameter: path – string type, indicating the path of the directory to be deleted, it can have the following two ways: + +- Local storage directory path similar to /storage/storage0/xx; +- The USB external storage directory path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating the start of the execution, false indicating the unexecution, and the execution result is known by capturing message. + +#### **S.4.2.1.8 existDirectory** + +Prototype: boolean existDirectory(path) + +Description: Determine whether a local directory exists. + +Parameter: path – string type, indicating the path of the local directory to be detected, it can have the following two ways: + +- Local storage directory path similar to /storage/storage0/xx; +- The USB external storage directory path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface. + +Return: boolean type, true value indicating that the file exists, false value indicating the file does not exist. + +#### **S.4.2.1.9 downloadRemoteFile** + +Prototype: downloadRemoteFile(path,endureTime) + +Description: Download a file from the front end, and generate the corresponding FileObj object in the local memory. + +Parameter: path – string type, indicating the path of the front-end file to be downloaded. There are two ways: + +- OC address similar to dvb://onid.tsid.serviceid.componenttag/a/b.txt; +- http address similar to http://a.b.c/d/e.txt. + +endureTime – number type, download timeout time, in seconds; if the value is 0, it indicates that there is no time limit for this asynchronous download process. + +Return: number type, the system assigns a unique maskId for this asynchronous process. + +Remarks: This method is an asynchronous operation: if the download is successful, the system sends the message MSG\_DOWNLOAD\_REMOTE\_FILE\_SUCCESS "The front-end file has been downloaded to the memory" to the application, at this time the application can obtain the FileObj object through the FileManager.getRemoteFile(maskId) method; If the file to be downloaded does not exist in the front end, the system sends the message MSG\_DOWNLOAD\_REMOTE\_FILE\_NOT\_EXIST "the file to be downloaded does not exist in + +the front end" to the application; If the file download fails, the system sends the message MSG\_DOWNLOAD\_REMOTE\_FILE\_FAILED "File download fails" to the application; If the time specified by endureTime has elapsed and the file download has not yet been completed, the system will send the message MSG\_DOWNLOAD\_FILE\_TIMEOUT "Timeout expired, file download has not been completed" to the application, and the download operation will be terminated. + +#### S.4.2.1.10 getRemoteFile + +Prototype: getRemoteFile(maskId) + +Description: Getting front-end files. After the application receives the message MSG\_DOWNLOAD\_REMOTE\_FILE\_SUCCESS "The front-end file has been downloaded to the memory", it can retrieve the FileObj object in the memory through this interface. The got FileObj object is in the closed state, and the file must be opened through the FileObj.open(mode) method in order to perform the file reading operation. + +Parameter: maskId – number type, when calling the FileManager.downloadRemoteFile() method, the system automatically assigns a unique identifier for this asynchronous process. + +Return: FileObj type, file object. + +#### S.4.2.1.11 killObject + +Prototype: killObject(obj) + +Description: Clear File/Directory objects in memory, reclaim memory space. + +Parameter: obj – FileObj or Directory type, indicating the memory file/directory object to be cleared. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating clearing succeeded; 0 indicating clearing failed. + +### S.4.3 Directory object + +The Directory object is a local object, which is used to manage the directory of the local disk. + +Example: + +``` +//Create Directory objects through the construction method. +var dir = new Directory(path); +//The getting is performed through the method of the Directory object. +var directoryArray = dir.getDirList(); +var directory = directoryArray[0]; +``` + +#### S.4.3.1 Property + +The definition of the property of the Directory object is shown in Table S.7. + +**Table S.7 – Table of property of Directory object** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| name | String | Read only | Get the name of the directory. | +| path | String | Read only | Get the absolute path of the directory.
1) Local storage directory path similar to /storage/storage0/xx;
2) The USB external storage directory path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface. | + +### S.4.3.2 Method + +#### S.4.3.2.1 Directory + +Prototype: `Directory(path)` + +Description: Construction method, which creates a new `Directory` object instance based on the specified path name. + +Parameter: `path` – string type, indicating the character string of the directory path. + +#### S.4.3.2.2 getFileList + +Prototype: `FileObj[] getFileList()` + +Description: Getting the files contained in the current directory. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: File object array, if the directory does not contain any files, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### S.4.3.2.3 getDirList + +Prototype: `Directory[] getDirList()` + +Description: Getting the subdirectories contained in the current directory. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Directory object array, if the directory does not contain any subdirectories, the length of the returned array is 0. + +### S.4.4 FileObj object + +`FileObj` is a local object, used to manage files. This object is equivalent to a mirror image of the local storage area file, USB external storage file or front-end file in the memory. Unless the `saveAs(path)` method is called to save the file, the actual file will not be changed. + +#### S.4.4.1 Property + +The definition of the property of the `FileObj` object is shown in Table S.8. + +**Table S.8 – Table of the property of the FileObj object** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| size | number | Read only | Get the size of the file, in bytes. | +| name | String | Read only | Get the name of the file (including extension). | +| path | String | Read only | Get the absolute path (including the file name) where the file is located in the following four ways:
1) Local storage file path similar to /storage/storage0/xx/xx.txt ;
2) The USB external storage file path obtained through the related objects of the device management interface;
3) oc address path of dvb://onid.tsid.serviceid.component_tag/xx/xx.txt ;
4) http address path similar to http://x.x.x.x/xx/xx.txt . | + +#### **S.4.4.2 Method** + +##### **S.4.4.2.1 FileObj** + +Prototype: FileObj(locator) + +Description: Construction method, which creates a file object according to the specified file path name. + +Parameter: locator – string type, indicating the locator of the file. See the path property description of the table of the property of the FileObj object for the format. + +##### **S.4.4.2.2 open** + +Prototype: open(mode) + +Description: Open the file for various editing operations. + +Parameter: mode – number type, 1 indicating open in text mode; 0 indicating open in binary mode. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating opening is successful; 0 indicating opening failed. + +##### **S.4.4.2.3 close** + +Prototype: close() + +Description: Close the file for the save operation. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating closing is successful; 0 indicating closing failed. + +##### **S.4.4.2.4 readFile** + +Prototype: readFile(len) + +Description: Read len bytes of data from the file and return it as a character string. + +Parameter: len – number type, indicating reading the content of len byte length. + +Return: string type, returning the read content as a character string. + +##### **S.4.4.2.5 readAllFile** + +Prototype: readAllFile() + +Description: Read all the contents of the file and return it as a character string. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, returning the read content as a character string. + +#### **S.5 Multimedia file module** + +This module defines JS objects related to multimedia files: AudioFile, VideoFile and ImageFile. + +##### **S.5.1 AudioFile object** + +The AudioFile object is a local object. This object describes the detailed information of an audio file. + +Example: + +``` +//Create an AudioFile object. +``` + +``` +var audioFile = new AudioFile(path); +``` + +##### **S.5.1.1 Property** + +The definition of the property of the AudioFile object is shown in Table S.9. + +**Table S.9 – Table of the property of the AudioFile** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write name | Description | +|------------------|--------|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| Type | string | Read only | Get the audio file type, refer to MIME. | +| location | string | Read only | Get the locator (resource locator) of the audio file. | +| fileName | string | Read only | Get the audio file name. | +| fileSize | number | Read only | Get the size of the audio file, in bytes. | +| sampleRate | number | Read only | Sampling rate, such as 32000, 44100, 48000, in Hz. | +| numberOfChannels | number | Read only | The number of channels. | +| duration | number | Read only | The playback time of the audio file, in seconds. | +| Date | Date | Read only | The release date of the audio. | +| Title | string | Read only | The title of the audio. | +| Artist | string | Read only | Artist/performer. | +| album | string | Read only | The album name. | + +**S.5.1.2 Method****S.5.1.2.1 AudioFile** + +Prototype: AudioFile(path) + +Description: Construction method, create a new audio file object according to the specified path. + +Parameter: path – string type, indicating the audio file path. + +**S.5.2 VideoFile object** + +The VideoFile object is a local object. This object describes the detailed information of a video file. + +Example: + +``` +//Create a VideoFile object. +``` + +``` +var videoFile = new VideoFile(path); +``` + +**S.5.2.1 Property** + +The definition of the property of the VideoFile object is shown in Table S.10. + +**Table S.10 – Table of the property of the VideoFile** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------| +| typeContainer | string | Read only | Encapsulation format, such as "AVI", "MP4", "MKV", etc. | +| typeVideo | string | Read only | Video type, refer to MIME. | +| typeAudio | string | Read only | Audio type of the accompanying sound, refer to MIME. | +| location | string | Read only | The locator (resource locator) of the video file. | +| fileName | string | Read only | The name of the video file. | +| fileSize | number | Read only | The size of the video file, in bytes. | +| bitRate | number | Read only | Play rate, in kilobits per second (kb/s) | +| duration | number | Read only | The playback time of the file, in seconds. | + +**Table S.10 – Table of the property of the VideoFile** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|------------------|--------|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| width | number | Read only | The width of the video, in pixels. | +| height | number | Read only | The height of the video, in pixels. | +| aspectRatio | string | Read only | Video aspect ratio, such as "16:9". | +| fps | number | Read only | Video frame rate. | +| sampleRate | number | Read only | Audio sampling rate of the accompanying sound, such as 32000, 44100, 48000, in Hz. | +| numberOfChannels | number | Read only | The number of channels. | + +**S.5.2.2 Method****S.5.2.2.1 VideoFile** + +Prototype: VideoFile(path) + +Description: Construction method, create a new video file object according to the specified path. + +Parameter: path – string type, indicating the path of the video file. + +**S.5.3 ImageFile object** + +The ImageFile object is a local object. This object describes the detailed information of a picture file. + +Example: + +``` +//Create an ImageFile object. +``` + +``` +var imageFile = new ImageFile(path); +``` + +**S.5.3.1 Property** + +The property of the ImageFile object is shown in Table S.11. + +**Table S.11 – Table of the property of the ImageFile** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------| +| type | string | Read only | For the type of image file, refer to MIME. | +| location | string | Read only | The locator (resource locator) of the image file. | +| fileName | string | Read only | The name of the image file. | +| width | number | Read only | The width of the picture file, in pixels. | +| height | number | Read only | The height of the picture file, in pixels. | + +**S.5.3.2 Method****S.5.3.2.1 ImageFile** + +Prototype: ImageFile(path) + +Description: Construction method, create a new image file object according to the specified path. + +Parameter: path – string type, image file path. + +**S.6 OTA software upgrade module** + +This module defines the JS object related to OTA software upgrade: Upgrade. + +### S.6.1 Message + +The definition of the message that the OTA software upgrade module may send to the application layer is shown in Table S.12. + +**Table S.12 – Message definition table of OTA software upgrade module** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|------------------|-------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_FORCE_OTA | 22101 | – | It indicates the OTA upgrade is mandatory, the system automatically downloads the set-top box software image and upgrades the set-top boxNote. | +| MSG_OPTIONAL_OTA | 22102 | – | It indicates that the OTA upgrade is not mandatory, and the user can choose whether to upgrade this time. | +| Reserved | 22103~22200 | | | + +### S.6.2 Upgrade object + +The Upgrade object is a built-in object that provides JS methods for OTA or local upgrade operations. + +#### S.6.2.1 Method + +##### S.6.2.1.1 checkOTA + +Prototype: boolean checkOTA() + +Description: Determine whether the front end deploys a new OTA upgrade. This method is mainly used to manually detect OTA upgrade information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true indicating there is OTA upgrade, false indicating there is no OTA upgrade. + +##### S.6.2.1.2 startOTA + +Prototype: startOTA() + +Description: Start the OTA upgrade. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +##### S.6.2.1.3 getOTAName + +Prototype: string getOTAName() + +Description: Getting the name of the OTA upgrade event, which is different from the name of the OTA provider and refers to the text description of the OTA upgrade event. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the name of the OTA upgrade event. + +### S.7 System tool module + +This module defines tool JS objects: Utility, GlobalVarManager, Rectangle and SysTool. + +## S.7.1 Utility object + +The Utility object is a built-in object, which can complete the acquisition of event messages and the printing of character strings. + +### S.7.1.1 Method + +#### S.7.1.1.1 getEventInfo + +Prototype: string getEventInfo(id) + +Description: Getting a detailed description of the message. + +Parameter: id – number type, indicating the message description character string ID. + +Return: string type, indicating the detailed description information of the message. + +#### S.7.1.1.2 println + +Prototype: println(str) + +Description: Print the character string, the parameter supports the addition operation of the character string, and the printing will automatically wrap. This method outputs the print information to the serial port, which is convenient for developers to check debugging information. + +Parameter: str – string type, indicating the character string to be printed. + +Return: None. + +## S.7.2 GlobalVarManager object + +This object is a built-in object, used for global variable management. + +### S.7.2.1 Method + +#### S.7.2.1.1 setItemValue + +Prototype: setItemValue(key, value) + +Description: Setting global variable parameters. + +Parameter: key – string type, indicating the global variable keyword, which is set by the application; value – number type, indicating the global variable value. + +Return: None. + +#### S.7.2.1.2 getItemValue + +Prototype: number getItemValue(key) + +Description: Getting global variable parameters. + +Parameter: key – string type, indicating the global variable keyword, which should correspond to the key in the GlobalVarManager.setItemValue() method. + +Return: number type, returning the value of the global variable specified by the keyword key; if the global variable specified by the keyword key does not exist, it returns null. + +#### S.7.2.1.3 setItemStr + +Prototype: setItemStr(key, str) + +Description: Setting global variable parameters. + +Parameter: key – string type, indicating the global variable keyword, which is set by the application; str – string type, indicating the global variable value. + +Return: None. + +#### S.7.2.1.4 getItemStr + +Prototype: string getItemStr(key) + +Description: Getting global variable parameters. + +Parameter: key – string type, indicating the global variable keyword, which should correspond to the key in the GlobalVarManager.setItemStr() method. + +Return: string type, returning the global variable value specified by the keyword key; if the global variable specified by the keyword key does not exist, it returns null. + +#### S.7.2.1.5 removeItem + +Prototype: removeItem(key) + +Description: Delete a global variable parameter. + +Parameter: key – string type, global variable keyword; if the global variable specified by the keyword key does not exist, no operation is performed. + +Return: None. + +#### S.7.2.1.6 clearAll + +Prototype: clearAll() + +Description: Delete all global variable parameters. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### S.7.3 Rectangle object + +The Rectangle object is a local object. + +#### S.7.3.1 Property + +The property definition of the Rectangle object is shown in Table S.13. + +**Table S.13 – Table of the property of Rectangle object** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| left | number | Read/write | The X-axis coordinate of the upper left corner of the Rectangle object, in pixels. | +| top | number | Read/write | The Y-axis coordinate of the upper left corner of the Rectangle object, in pixels. | +| width | number | Read/write | The width of the Rectangle object, in pixels. | +| height | number | Read/write | The height of the Rectangle object, in pixels. | + +#### S.7.3.2 Method + +##### S.7.3.2.1 Rectangle + +Prototype: Rectangle(left, top, width, height) + +Description: Construction method, which creates a new rectangular object according to the specified coordinates and width and height. + +Parameter: left – number type, the X-axis coordinate of the upper left corner of the rectangle, in pixel; + +right – number type, the Y-axis coordinate of the upper left corner of the rectangle, in pixel; + +width – number type, the width of the rectangle, in pixel; + +height – number type, the height of the rectangle, in pixel. + +#### S.7.4 SysTool object + +This object is a built-in object and provides methods for system standby, sleep, and restart operations. The system should verify the permissions of the application, and only privileged applications can call the methods provided by this class. Standby – The CPU of the receiving terminal is still working, used to run some background programs, such as push downloads, software upgrades, etc., for the turning off all audio and video output, from the appearance, the receiving terminal has stopped working. Sleep – The CPU of the receiving terminal stops working, and the power supply of the CPU and the motherboard is completely cut off. Then, depending on the external single-chip or other means to monitor the activation command issued by the remote control, start the switching power supply to supply power to the CPU and the main board to realize the remote start-up. This method consumes less energy. The relevant methods of this object should be implemented according to the actual capabilities of the receiver. For example, if sleep is not supported, the implementation of the sleep() method is empty or the same as the standBy() method. + +##### S.7.4.1 Method + +###### S.7.4.1.1 standBy + +Prototype: standBy() + +Description: Control the receiver to enter the standby state. The CPU is still running. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +###### S.7.4.1.2 sleep + +Prototype: sleep() + +Description: Control the receiver to enter the sleep state, and the CPU will power off and stop working. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +###### S.7.4.1.3 reboot + +Prototype: reboot() + +Description: Restart the receiver. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +###### S.7.4.1.4 wakeUp + +Prototype: wakeUp() + +Description: Wake up the receiver. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +###### S.7.4.1.5 getStandByState + +Prototype: number getStandByState() + +Description: Getting the standby state. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number 1-true standby/sleep; 2-false standby/standBy; 3-normal work. + +## S.8 Software and hardware information query module + +This module defines JS objects related to receiving terminal software and hardware information query: HardwareInfo, SoftwareInfo. + +### S.8.1 HardwareInfo object + +HardwareInfo is a built-in object, which is used to describe the hardware parameter information of the receiving terminal. + +#### S.8.1.1 Property + +The property definition of the HardwareInfo object is shown in Table S.14. + +**Table S.14 – Table of the property of HardwareInfo object** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|------------------|--------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Flash.size | string | Read only | Get the size of the receiving terminal's flash memory, in MB. | +| RAM.size | string | Read only | Get the size of the receiving terminal's memory, in MB. | +| RAM.type | string | Read only | Get the memory type of the receiving terminal, which can take the values "SDRAM", "DDR", "DDR2", etc. | +| SOC.model | string | Read only | Get the model of the main chip of the receiving terminal. | +| SOC.frequency | string | Read only | Get the operating frequency of the main chip of the receiving terminal, in MHz. | +| SOC.provider | string | Read only | Get the name of the provider of the main chip of the receiving terminal. | +| HW.version | string | Read only | Get the hardware version number of the receiving terminal. | +| STB.TPtype | string | Read only | Get the transmission mode type of the receiving terminal, the value can be a combination of "DVB-C", "DVB-S", "DVB-T", "ABS-SS", and "DTMB". | +| STB.definition | string | Read only | Get the definition type of the receiving terminal, which can take the values "HD" and "SD". | +| STB.provider | string | Read only | Get the name of the provider of the receiving terminal. | +| STB.brand | string | Read only | Get the brand name of the receiving terminal. | +| STB.model | string | Read only | Get the model of the receiving terminal. | +| STB.serialnumber | string | Read only | Get the serial number of the receiving terminal. | +| STB.returnPath | string | Read only | Get the property of the return channel of the receiving terminal. The value "modulator" indicates cableModem; the value "ethernet" indicates Ethernet. | + +### S.8.2 SoftwareInfo object + +SoftwareInfo is a built-in object, which is used to describe the parameter information of the receiving terminal software. + +### S.8.2.1 Property + +The property definition of the SoftwareInfo object is shown in Table S.15. + +**Table S.15 – Table of the property of SoftwareInfo** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|-----------------------------|-------------|--------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| OS.name | string | Read only | Get the name of the operating system software. | +| OS.version | string | Read only | Get the version number of the operating system software. | +| OS.provider | string | Read only | Get the name of the provider of the operating system software. | +| middleware.name | string | Read only | Get the name of the system software. | +| middleware.version | string | Read only | Get the version number of the system software. | +| middleware.provider | string | Read only | Get the name of the provider of the system software. | +| middleware.releaseDate | string | Read only | Get the release date of the system software. | +| middleware.copyright | string | Read only | Get the copyright information of the system software. | +| middleware.RAMSize | string | Read only | Get the memory space occupied by the system software, in KB. | +| middleware.NVMSize | string | Read only | Get the NVM space occupied by the system software, in KB. | +| middleware.platform_profile | string | Read only | Get the platform grade supported by the system software. | +| loader.name | string | Read only | Get the name of the software update module (loader). | +| loader.version | string | Read only | Get the version number of the software update module (loader). | +| loader.provider | string | Read only | Get the provider of the software update module (loader). | +| loader.size | string | Read only | Get the size of the software update module (loader), in KB. | +| CA.name | string | Read only | Get the name of the CA software. | +| CA.version | string | Read only | Get the version number of the CA software. | +| CA.provider | string | Read only | Get the provider of the CA software. | +| Driver.vision | string | Read only | Version number of the receiving terminal driver. | + +## Annex T + +### JavaScript-Message management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### T.1 Overview + +This annex defines functional modules related to message management. + +#### T.2 Message management module + +This module defines JS object related to message processing: event. + +The messages captured by the application layer have the following two sources: + +- System messages, such as successful frequency lock, channel scan completed, network signal interruption, etc.; +- Key messages, such as remote control, keyboard, mouse, front panel and other key trigger messages; + +The application layer captures messages in the following ways: + +- System message: The application captures system messages through `document.onsystemevent`; +- Key message: + - Keyboard: The application captures keyboard messages through `document.onkeydown`, `document.onkeyup` and `document.onkeypress`, and the message code is consistent with the PC mode; + - Mouse: The application captures mouse messages through `document.onmousedown`, `document.onmouseup`, `document.onmousemove`, etc., and the message code is consistent with the PC mode; + - Remote control: The application captures remote control messages through `document.onkeydown` and `document.onkeyup`, and the message code is compatible with the PC mode. The definition of the extended key message code is shown in Table T.1; + - Front panel: The application captures front panel messages through `document.onkeydown` and `document.onkeyup`, and the message code is consistent with the remote control mode. + +##### T.2.1 event object + +The event object is a built-in object. + +###### T.2.1.1 Property + +The property of the event object is shown in Table T.1. + +**Table T.1 – Property of event object** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|-------------------------|--------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| event.type | number | Read only | It indicates the type of event that occurred, that is, the name of the event represented by the current event object, which has the same name as the registered event handle, such as | + +**Table T.1 – Property of event object** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|-----------------|--------|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | "onclick"; or the prefix "on" is deleted for the property of the event handle, such as "click". Same as W3C definition. | +| event.source | number | Read only | It indicates the source of the message. | +| event.which | number | Read only | It indicates the code value of the message. | +| event.modifiers | number | Read only | It indicates the extended property of the message. If the extended property of the message is empty, modifiers returns 0; if the extended property of the message is number type, then modifiers returns the value; if the extended property of the message is a character string, then modifiers returns an ID value, which is generated internally by the system, as a pointer to the specific character string content, the application can call the Utility.getEventInfo(ID) method to retrieve the character string content. | + +**T.2.1.2 Message source** + +The definition of the message source (event.source) is shown in Table T.2. + +**Table T.2 – event.source definition** + +| event.source | Description | +|--------------|----------------------------------------------| +| 1001 | It indicates system messages. | +| 1002 | It indicates the remote control key message. | +| 1003 | It indicates the front panel key message. | + +**T.2.1.3 System message** + +For system messages, see the definitions of messages in Annexes L, M, N, Q, S, U, V and other annexes. + +**T.2.1.4 Key message** + +Refer to clause D.2.1.5 for the key message definition. + +## Annex U + +### JavaScript-Application engine unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### U.1 Overview + +This annex defines some commonly used application engine modules: channel management, electronic program guide, scheduled reminder management, information search, etc. + +#### U.2 Channel management module + +This module defines JS objects related to channel management: ChannelManager, Channel. + +##### U.2.1 Message + +The definitions of messages that the channel management module may send to the application layer are shown in Table U.1. + +**Table U.1 – Channel management module mMessage** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|--------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_SUCCESS | 19001 | – | It indicates that writing channel data from RAM to NVM is successful. | +| MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_FAILED | 19002 | – | It indicates that writing channel data from RAM to NVM failed. | +| MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_SUCCESS | 19003 | – | It indicates that restoring channel data from NVM to RAM is successful. | +| MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_FAILED | 19004 | – | It indicates that restoring channel data from NVM to RAM failed. | +| Reserved | 19005~19500 | | | + +NOTE – The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type: + +- "Number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description character string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the message character string JSON format, the message content will be retrieved according to the format. +- "–", indicating event.modifiers is undefined. + +##### U.2.2 ChannelManager object + +This object is a built-in object that describes how users manage channels. + +###### U.2.2.1 Method + +###### U.2.2.1.1 getChannelByChannelID + +Prototype: Channel getChannelByChannelID(channelId) + +Description: Getting the channel object based on the channel ID. + +Parameter: channelId – number type, indicating the channel ID, it must be a decimal integer greater than 0. + +Return: Channel object. + +#### **U.2.2.1.2 getChannelByLogicalID** + +Prototype: Channel getChannelByLogicalID(logicalId) + +Description: Getting the channel object according to the logical channel number. + +Parameter: logicalId – number type, indicating the logical channel number, it must be a decimal integer greater than 0. + +Return: Channel object. + +#### **U.2.2.1.3 getChannelByServiceID** + +Prototype: Channel getChannelByServiceID(serviceId) + +Description: Getting the channel object based on the service ID. + +Parameter: serviceId – number type, indicating the service ID corresponding to the channel, and the value range being 0-65535. + +Return: Channel object. + +#### **U.2.2.1.4 getLastChannel** + +Prototype: Channel getLastChannel() + +Description: Getting the previously opened channel. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Channel object. + +#### **U.2.2.1.5 getLastChannel** + +Prototype: Channel getLastChannel(serviceType) + +Description: Getting the previously opened channel of the specified type. + +Parameter: serviceType – number type, indicating the type of the service. + +Return: Channel object. + +#### **U.2.2.1.6 getShutDownChannel** + +Prototype: Channel getShutDownChannel() + +Description: Getting shutdown channel. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Channel object. + +NOTE – After the user turns on a certain channel, or switches channels, the system will immediately set the just now opened channel as the shutdown channel. In any case, the shutdown channel can be obtained. If the system has set the shutdown channel, it will get the set value; otherwise, the system decides the shutdown channel by itself. + +#### **U.2.2.1.7 getShutDownChannel** + +Prototype: Channel getShutDownChannel(serviceType) + +Description: Getting the shutdown channel of the specified type. + +Parameter: serviceType – number type, indicating the service type. + +Return: Channel object. + +NOTE – After the user turns on a certain channel, or switches channels, the system will immediately set the just now opened channel as the shutdown channel. In any case, the shutdown channel can be obtained. If the system has set the shutdown channel, the value obtained is the set value; otherwise, in the service type specified by serviceType, the system determines the shutdown channel by itself. + +#### **U.2.2.1.8 delChannel** + +Prototype: number delChannel(obj) + +Description: Delete the specified channel from the channel list. + +NOTE – Operate on the channel list in RAM. + +Parameter: obj – Channel object. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating the deletion is successful, 0 indicating the deletion failed. + +#### **U.2.2.1.9 deleteAll** + +Prototype: number deleteAll() + +Description: Delete all channels in the channel list. + +NOTE – Operate on the channel list in RAM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating success, 0 indicating failure. + +#### **U.2.2.1.10 deleteAllDelMarked** + +Prototype: number deleteAllDelMarked() + +Description: Delete all channel objects marked for deletion in the channel list. + +NOTE – Operate on the channel list in RAM. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating success, 0 indicating failure. + +#### **U.2.2.1.11 deleteAllFavorites** + +Prototype: number deleteAllFavorites() + +Description: Delete all favorite channels. + +NOTE – Operate on the channel list in RAM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating success, 0 indicating failure. + +#### **U.2.2.1.12 resetProperties** + +Prototype: resetProperties() + +Description: Reset all the channels that the user has set as favorite, locked, hidden, etc., and all channels are changed to non-favorite, non-locked, and non-hidden. + +NOTE – Operate on the channel list in RAM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating success, 0 indicating failure. + +#### **U.2.2.1.13 swap** + +Prototype: swap(obj1,obj2) + +Description: Exchange the positions of the channel object obj1 and the channel object obj2 in the channel list. + +NOTE – Operate on the channel list in RAM. + +Parameter: obj1 – indicating the Channel object; + +obj2 – indicating the Channel object. + +Return: None. + +#### U.2.2.1.14 sort + +Prototype: sort(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) + +Description: Sort the channels according to the specified method. + +NOTE – Operate on the channel list in RAM. + +Parameter: sortTypeArray – number type array, indicating the sorting basis. There can be one or more sorting basis, but they cannot be repeated. The priority of the sorting basis is related to the order of the array members. The smaller the subscript of the array member, the higher the priority. + +sortOrderArray – number type array, indicating the sorting mode. + +Return: None. + +NOTE – The hidden and locked channels must also be sorted. If two or more channels are sorted on the same basis, the previous sorting order between these channels will be maintained. + +Example: + +``` +//Sort the channels in ascending order by service_id, and the channels with the same +//service_id are sorted in the order before this time, +sort([DVB_SORT_TYPE_SERVICE_ID], [DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC]); +//Sort the channels according to whether they are encrypted first, non-encrypted channels +//are first, and encrypted channels are second; channels that are both non-encrypted or +//encrypted are then sorted in ascending order by service_name, and channels with the +//same service_name are sorted in the order before this sorting +sort([DVB_SORT_TYPE_FTA_SCR, DVB_SORT_TYPE_SERVICE_NAME], +[DVB_SORT_ORDER_ASC,DVB_SORT_ORDER_DESC]); +``` + +#### U.2.2.1.15 filter + +Prototype: Channel[] filter(filterTypeArray[], valueArray[]) + +Description: Filter out the new channel list with specified conditions in the current channel list. + +Parameter: filterTypeArray – number type array, indicating the filtering basis. The value of each member of the array is shown in Table U.2. There can be one or more sorting basis, the members cannot be repeated, and the filtering basis has no priority. + +**Table U.2 – Filter filtering-conditions** + +| filterTypeArray value | Description | Value corresponding to valueArray | +|---------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| const FILTER_TYPE_SERVICETYPE = 1000; | Filter out the channels of the specified service type. | See the definition of "Service Type Constant" for the value. | +| const FILTER_TYPE_FAV = 1001; | Filter out the channels with the specified favorite level. | Value:
– 0-indicating filtering non-favorite channels;
– 1-indicating filtering favorite channels. | + +**Table U.2 – Filter filtering-conditions** + +| filterTypeArray value | Description | Value corresponding to valueArray | +|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| const FILTER_TYPE_BAT = 1002; | Filter out the channels under the specified service group. | It indicates bouquet_id. | +| const FILTER_TYPE_FTA = 1003; | Filter out encrypted or non-encrypted channels. | Value:
– 0-indicating filtering out non-encrypted channels;
– 1-indicating filtering out encrypted channels. | +| const FILTER_TYPE_HIDE = 1004; | Filter out hidden or non-hidden channels. | Value:
– 0-indicating only filtering out non-hidden channels;
– 1-indicating only filtering out hidden channels. | + +valueArray – number type array, which has the same length as filterTypeArray. The members of the array should correspond to the members of the filterTypeArray one-to-one, respectively indicating the value of each filterTypeArray member. + +Return: Channel object array. + +Example: + +``` +//It indicates filtering out the favorite channels among all TV broadcast channels +filter([FILTER_TYPE_SERVICETYPE, FILTER_TYPE_FAV], + [DVB_SERVICE_TYPE_DTV, 1]); + +//It indicates filtering out all encrypted channels in the service group with bouquet_id=10 +filter([FILTER_TYPE_BAT, FILTER_TYPE_FTA],[10,1]); +``` + +**U.2.2.1.16 save** + +Prototype: save() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, saving the channel list data in RAM to NVM. + +- If the save is successful, send the message MSG\_CHANNEL\_RAM\_TO\_NVM\_SUCCESS; +- If the save fails, send the message MSG\_CHANNEL\_RAM\_TO\_NVM\_FAILED. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +**U.2.2.1.17 restore** + +Prototype: restore() + +Description: An Asynchronous method, restoring the channel list data in NVM to RAM. + +- If the restoration is successful, send the message MSG\_CHANNEL\_NVM\_TO\_RAM\_SUCCESS; +- If the restoration fails, send the message MSG\_CHANNEL\_NVM\_TO\_RAM\_FAILED. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### U.2.3 Channel object + +The Channel object is a local object, used to describe the properties and methods related to the behavior of users and operators. + +#### U.2.3.1 Property + +The properties of the Channel object are defined in Table U.3. + +**Table U.3 – Table of Channel object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|--------|------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| channelId | number | Read/write | It indicates the channel number assigned by the receiving terminal.
NOTE – The channel number assigned by the receiving terminal refers to the number assigned to the channel by the terminal system software, and the assignment strategy is determined by the terminal software. After the channelId is generated, it remains unchanged during the life cycle of the Channel object, and channel ordering and switching operations may modify the value of channelId. | +| logicalId | number | Read only | It indicates the logical channel number of the channel.
If the channel does not have a logical channel number, this property returns the value -1. The acquisition of the logical channel number is related to the operator and is implemented by the receiving terminal itself. | +| isDeleted | number | Read/write | It indicates the delete flag of the channel. The value is:
– 0-indicating no delete flag is set;
– 1-indicating that the delete flag is set. | +| isFavorite | number | Read/write | It indicates the favorite level of the channel in the favorite class, value:
– 0-indicating dislike;
– 1-indicating like. | +| isLocked | number | Read/write | It indicates the locked state of the channel, value:
– 0-indicating the channel is not locked;
– 1-indicating the channel is locked.
When a channel is locked, the user needs to enter the password before watching the program of the channel. | + +**Table U.3 – Table of Channel object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|-----------------|---------|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| isHided | number | Read/write | It indicates the hidden state of the channel, value:
– 0 indicating not hidden;
– 1 indicating hidden.
Once a channel is "hidden", it will not appear in the channel list, nor can it be watched by the up/down button on the remote control. It can only be watched after entering the "System Settings" to cancel its hidden state. | +| deltVolume | number | Read/write | It indicates the value-added ( $\pm$ ) relative to the global volume, namely:
Channel actual audio = global volume + deltVolume
NOTE – The modification takes effect immediately. | +| supportPlayback | boolean | Read only | It indicates whether the channel supports time-shifted lookback service, value:
– true-indicating support;
– false-indicating not supported. | + +### U.2.3.2 Method + +#### U.2.3.2.1 getService + +Prototype: DvbService getService() + +Description: Getting DvbService object corresponding to the current channel object. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: DvbService object. + +## U.3 Electronic Program Guide Module + +This module defines JS objects related to the electronic program guide: EPGManager, ProgramEvent, ReferenceEvent and TimeShiftEvent. + +### U.3.1 Message + +The message definition that the electronic program guide module may send to the application layer is shown in Table U.4. + +**Table U.4 – Electronic Program Guide module message** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|---------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_EPG_SEARCH_SUCCESS | 18001 | number | EPG search is completed successfully. | +| MSG_EPG_SEARCH_EXCEED_MAX_COUNT | 18002 | number | When the search result reaches the maximum value, the search automatically stops.
The maximum number of ProgramEvent is specified by EPGSetting.program_event_max | + +**Table U.4 – Electronic Program Guide module message** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | count in the data management module. | +| MSG_EPG_SEARCH_REFRESH | 18003 | number | EPG data update.
When EPG has searched part of the data, the message is sent. | +| MSG_EPG_SEARCH_TIMEOUT | 18004 | number | Search EPG timed out. When no program information is searched within the time period specified by the interface, the message is sent. | +| MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_SUCCESS | 18005 | number | Successfully received NVOD reference event. | +| MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_ALL_NVODREFERENCE_SUCCESS | 18006 | number | The data of all NVOD frequency points has been received. | +| MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_TIMEOUT | 18007 | number | NVOD reference event search timed out. | +| MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODTIMESHIFT_SUCCESS | 18008 | number | Successfully received a time-shift event under a reference event. | +| MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODTIMESHIFT_TIMEOUT | 18009 | number | NVOD time-shift event receiving timed out. | +| Reserved | 18010~18500 | | | + +NOTE – The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type: + +- "Number", indicating the maskId of the search session. +- "-", indicating event.modifiers is undefined. + +### U.3.2 EPGManager object + +The EPGManager object is a built-in object. This object provides a method to obtain an array of events under a specified class. + +#### U.3.2.1 Constant + +The definition of program type constants is shown in Table U.5. + +**Table U.5 – Program type constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|------------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| Movie/drama | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE=0x10; | Movie/Drama (general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_DETECTIVE=0x11; | Detective/Thrill | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_ADVENTURE=0x12; | Expedition/Western/War | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_FANTASY=0x13; | Sci-Fi/Magic/Horror | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_COMEDY=0x14; | Comedy | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_SOAP=0x15; | Series/Situation/Folklore | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_ROMANCE=0x16; | Romantic | + +**Table U.5 – Program type constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_CLASSIC=0x17; | Serious/Classic/Religious/Historic Film/Drama | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE_ADULT=0x18; | Adult film/drama | +| News/Real Time | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_NEWS=0x20; | News/Current Affairs (general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_NEWS_WEATHER=0x21; | News/Weather | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_NEWS_MAGAZINE=0x22; | News Magazine | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_NEWS_DOCUMENTARY=0x23; | Documentary TV | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_NEWS_DISCUSSION=0x24; | Discussion/Interview/Debate | +| Performance/Entertainment | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SHOW=0x30; | Performance/Entertainment (general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SHOW_GAME=0x31; | Recreation/Guess/Athletics | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SHOW_VARIETY=0x32; | Various performances | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SHOW_TALK=0x33; | Talk show | +| Sports | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS=0x40; | Sports (general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_SPECIAL=0x41; | Specific events (Olympics, World Cup, etc.) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_MAGAZINE=0x42; | Sports magazine | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_SOCCER=0x43; | Football/rugby | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_TENNIS=0x44; | Tennis/Squash | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_TEAM=0x45; | Team events (including football) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_ATHLETIC=0x46; | Track and field | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_MOTOR=0x47; | Racing car | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_WATER=0x48; | Water sports | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_WINTER=0x49; | Winter sports | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_EQUESTRAIN=0x4A; | Horse racing | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SPORTS_MARTIAL=0x4B; | Martial arts | +| Children's/Youth Program | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_CHILDREN=0x50; | Children/youth program (general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_CHILDREN_PRESCHOOL=0x51; | Programs for preschoolers | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_CHILDREN_6TO14=0x52; | Entertainment programs suitable for 6 to 14 years old | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_CHILDREN_10TO16=0x53; | Entertainment programs suitable for 10 to 16 years old | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_CHILDREN_SCHOOL=0x54; | Information/education/teaching program | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_CHILDREN_CARTOON=0x55; | Cartoon/Puppet | +| Music/ballet/dance | | + +**Table U.5 – Program type constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------| +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC=0x60; | Music/ballet/dance (general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC_POP=0x61; | Rock/pop | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC_CLASSICAL=0x62; | Serious music/classical music | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC_FOLK=0x63; | Folk/Traditional Music | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC_JAZZ=0x64; | Jazz | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC_OPERA=0x65; | Musical/opera | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC_BALLET=0x66; | Ballet | +| Art/Culture (excluding music) | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS=0x70; | Art/Culture (excluding music, general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_PERFORMANCE=0x71; | Performance art | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_ARTS=0x72; | Fine arts | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_RELIGION=0x73; | Religion | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_CULTURE=0x74; | Pop culture/traditional art | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_LITERATURE=0x75; | Literature | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_FILM=0x76; | Film/movie | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_VIDEO=0x77; | Experimental movie/video | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_PRESS=0x78; | Broadcast/News | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_NEW=0x79; | New media | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_MAGAZINE=0x7A; | Art/Cultural Magazine | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_ARTS_FASHION=0x7B; | Fashion | +| Social/Political Hotspot/Economy | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SOCIAL=0x80; | Social/Political Hotspot/Economy (General) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SOCIAL_MAGAZINE=0x81; | Magazine/Report/Documentary | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SOCIAL_ECONOMICS=0x82; | Economic/Social Consulting | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_SOCIAL_PEOPLE=0x83; | Special character | +| Science/Education/Fact Topics | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION=0x90; | Science/education/fact topics (general) | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION_NATUAL=0x91; | Nature/animal/environment | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION_TECNOLOGY=0x92; | Technology/Natural Science | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION_MEDICAL=0x93; | Medicine/Physiology/Psychology | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION_FOREIGN=0x94; | Abroad/expedition | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION_SOCIAL=0x95; | Social/Spiritual Science | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION_EDUCATION=0x96; | Re-education | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_EDUCATION_LANGUAGE=0x97; | Language | +| Leisure and entertainment | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE=0xA0; | Leisure and entertainment (general) | + +**Table U.5 – Program type constants** + +| Constants | Description | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE_TRAVLE=0xA1; | Sightseeing/travel | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE_HANDICRAFT=0xA2; | Handicraft | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE_MOTOR=0xA3; | Self-driving | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE_HEALTH=0xA4; | Fitness/health | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE_COOKING=0xA5; | Cooking | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE_SHOPPING=0xA6; | Advertising/shopping | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_LEISURE_GARDENING=0xA7; | Gardening | +| Describe special characteristics | | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_DESCRIPTION_LANGUAGE=0xB0; | Original language | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_DESCRIPTION_COLOR=0xB1; | Black/white | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_DESCRIPTION_UNPUBLISHED=0xB2; | Unreleased | +| const CONTENT_TYPE_DESCRIPTION_LIVE=0xB3; | Live | +| NOTE – The upper 4 bits of the constant value are the first-level program content classification, and the lower 4 bits are the second-level program content classification, such as 0xB1, where 0xB indicates the first-level program content classification, and 0x1 indicates the second-level program content classification. | | + +**U.3.2.2 Method** + +**U.3.2.2.1 searchProgramEvent** + +Prototype: number searchProgramEvent(tsList, mask, endureTime) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, within the date range defined by the global parameters EPGSetting.search\_start\_date and EPGSetting.search\_days, searching for the program event message specified by the parameter mask according to the frequency list specified by the parameter tsList. + +- Send the message MSG\_EPG\_SEARCH\_SUCCESS after the search is completed; +- If some data is received during the search, the message MSG\_EPG\_SEARCH\_REFRESH can be sent to notify the page that some data has been searched, and the corresponding data can be obtained through the EPGManager.getProgramsByService() method; +- When the search time reaches the timeout value specified by the parameter endureTime, the system automatically stops the search and sends the message MSG\_EPG\_SEARCH\_TIMEOUT. + +The event.modifiers property of the message object should carry the search process identifier (maskId). + +Parameter: tsList – DvbTS object array, specify the list of frequency points for searching program information. + +mask – number type, indicating the search mask. The basic masks are: + +- 0x01 – indicating searching for actual PF; +- 0x02 – indicating searching for actual schedule; +- 0x04 – indicating searching for other PF; +- 0x08 – indicating searching for other schedule. + +The mask value can be composed of one or more basic masks, such as 0x03=(0x01|0x02), which indicates searching for the data of actual PF and actual schedule. + +endureTime – number type, indicating the timeout period for searching for EPG message, in seconds. + +Return: number type, indicating the unique identifier (maskId) assigned by the system for this asynchronous process. + +#### **U.3.2.2.2 searchProgramEventByService** + +Prototype: number searchProgramEventByService(serviceLocator, mask, endureTime) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, within the date range defined by the global parameters EPGSetting.search\_start\_date and EPGSetting.search\_days, searching for the program event message specified by the parameter mask according to the service specified by the parameter serviceLocator. + +Parameter: serviceLocator – string type, indicating the broadcast service locator. + +mask – number type, indicating the search mask. The basic masks are: + +- 0x01 – indicating searching for actual PF; +- 0x02 – indicating searching for actual schedule; +- 0x04 – indicating searching for other PF; +- 0x08 – indicating searching for other schedule. + +The mask value can be composed of one or more basic masks, such as 0x03=(0x01|0x02), which indicates searching for the data of actual PF and actual schedule. + +endureTime – number type, indicating the timeout period for searching for EPG message, in seconds. + +Return: number type, indicating the unique identifier (maskId) assigned by the system for this asynchronous process. + +#### **U.3.2.2.3 searchNVODRefEvents** + +Prototype: number searchNVODRefEvents(endureTime) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, notifying the system to start receiving NVOD reference event data. + +- If the NVOD data on a certain frequency point is successfully found, send the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_NVODREFERENCE\_SUCCESS to the page, and all the received data can be obtained through the getReferenceEvents() method; +- If the data of all NVOD frequency points is received, send the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_ALL\_NVODREFERENCE\_SUCCESS to the page, and the search results are saved in the memory, and all the data can be obtained through getReferenceEvents(); +- If the search time reaches endureTime, send the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_NVODREFERENCE\_TIMEOUT to the page. At this time, the getReferenceEvents() method can also be called to obtain the information that has been searched. + +Use the exitNVODMode() method to exit the receiving of the reference event. + +Parameter: endureTime: number type, indicating the timeout period for searching for NVOD message, in seconds. + +Return: number type, indicating the unique identifier (maskId) assigned by the system for this asynchronous process. + +#### **U.3.2.2.4 searchNVODRefEvents** + +Prototype: number searchNVODRefEvents(tsArray, endureTime) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, notifying the system to start receiving NVOD reference event data at the specified TS frequency. + +- If the NVOD data on a certain frequency point is successfully found, send the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_NVODREFERENCE\_SUCCESS to the page, and all the received data can be obtained through the getReferenceEvents() method; +- If the data of all NVOD frequency points is received, send the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_ALL\_NVODREFERENCE\_SUCCESS to the page, and the search results are saved in the memory, and all the data can be obtained through getReferenceEvents(); +- If the search time reaches endureTime, send the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_NVODREFERENCE\_TIMEOUT to the page. At this time, the getReferenceEvents() method can also be called to obtain the information that has been searched. + +Use the exitNVODMode() method to exit the receiving of the reference event. + +Parameter: tsArray – DvbTS object array, search for the NVOD data of the specified TS frequency point. + +endureTime – number type, indicating the timeout period for searching for NVOD message, in seconds. + +Return: number type, indicating the unique identifier (maskId) assigned by the system for this asynchronous process. + +#### **U.3.2.2.5 getPresentProgram** + +Prototype: programEvent getPresentProgram(serviceLocator) + +Description: Getting the current program of the specified service. + +Parameter: serviceLocator – string type, indicating the broadcast service locator. + +Return: ProgramEvent object. + +#### **U.3.2.2.6 getPresentProgramsByContentType** + +Prototype: programEvent[] getPresentProgramsByContentType(contentType) + +Description: According to the program content classification value specified in the parameter, search for the current program message that meets the conditions in the current EPG database. + +Parameter: contentType – number type, indicating the type of program content classification. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.7 getPresentProgramsByName** + +Prototype: programEvent[] getPresentProgramsByName(str) + +Description: According to the program name specified in the parameter, search for the current program message that meets the conditions in the current EPG database. + +Parameter: str – string type, indicating search keyword. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.8 getFollowingProgram** + +Prototype: programEvent getFollowingProgram(serviceLocator) + +Description: Getting the following program of the specified service. + +Parameter: serviceLocator – string type, indicating the broadcast service locator. + +Return: ProgramEvent object. + +#### **U.3.2.2.9 getFollowingProgramsByContentType** + +Prototype: programEvent[] getFollowingProgramsByContentType(contentType) + +Description: A Synchronous method, according to the program content classification value specified in the parameter, searching for the following program information that meets the conditions in the current EPG database. + +Parameter: contentType – number type, indicating the type of program content classification. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.10 getFollowingProgramsByName** + +Prototype: programEvent[] getFollowingProgramsByName(str) + +Description: A Synchronous method, according to the program name specified in the parameter, searching the current program information that meets the conditions in the current EPG database. + +Parameter: str – string type, indicating search keyword. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.11 getProgramsByService** + +Prototype: programEvent[] getProgramsByService(serviceLocator) + +Description: Getting all program information of a specified service. + +Parameter: serviceLocator – string type, indicating the broadcast service locator. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.12 getProgramsByDate** + +Prototype: programEvent[] getProgramsByDate(serviceLocator, beginDate, endDate) + +Description: A Synchronous method, according to the start date and end date specified in the parameter, getting the program information that meets the conditions in the specified service. + +Parameter: serviceLocator – string type, indicating the broadcast service locator. + +beginDate – Date type object, indicating the start date. + +endDate – Date type object, indicating the end date. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.13 getProgramsByDirection** + +Prototype: programEvent[] getProgramsByDirection(serviceLocator, beginDate, count, isForward) + +Description: A Synchronous method, according to the start date and search direction specified in the parameters, getting the specified number of program message in the specified service. + +Parameter: serviceLocator – string type, indicating the broadcast service locator. + +beginDate – Date type object, start date. + +count – number type, indicating the number of program message to be obtained. + +isForward – number type, 0 indicating backward search; 1 indicating forward search. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.14 getProgramsByContentType** + +Prototype: `programEvent[] getProgramsByContentType(contentType)` + +Description: A Synchronous method, according to the program content classification value specified in the parameter, searching for the program information that meets the conditions in the current EPG database. + +Parameter: `contentType` – number type, program content classification type. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.15 getProgramsByName** + +Prototype: `programEvent[] getProgramsByName(str)` + +Description: A Synchronous method, according to the program name specified in the parameter, searching the program information that meets the conditions in the current EPG database. + +Parameter: `str` – string type, indicating search keyword. + +Return: ProgramEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.16 getReferencePrograms** + +Prototype: `ReferenceEvent[] getReferencePrograms(serviceLocator)` + +Description: A Synchronous method, getting the reference program on the designated reference service. + +Parameter: `serviceLocator` – string type, indicating the reference service locator. + +Return: ReferenceEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.17 getReferenceEvents** + +Prototype: `ReferenceEvent[] getReferenceEvents(sortType, sortOrder)` + +Description: Getting the searched ReferenceEvent object array. + +Parameter: `sortType` – number type, indicating sorting basis, value: + +- 1-indicating sorting according to the reference event ID; +- 2-indicating sorting according to the reference event name. + +`sortOrder`-number type, indicating the sorting method, value: + +- 0-indicating descending sort; +- 1-indicating ascending sort. + +Return: ReferenceEvent object array. + +#### **U.3.2.2.18 exitNVODMode** + +Prototype: `exitNVODMode()` + +Description: Exit the receiving of NVOD data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### **U.3.3 ProgramEvent object** + +The ProgramEvent object is a local object, used to store program event information related to user behavior. + +### U.3.3.1 Property + +The property definition of the ProgramEvent object is shown in Table U.6. + +**Table U.6 – Table of ProgramEvent property** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|-----------------|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| channelObj | Channel object | Read only | Channel object to which the program event belongs. | +| eventObj | DvbEvent object | Read only | DvbEvent object corresponding to the program event. | +| isBooked | number | Read/write | Whether the program is reserved to be marked, value:
– 0-indicating not reserved;
– 1-indicating reserved. | + +### U.3.4 ReferenceEvent object + +ReferenceEvent is a local object, used to store reference event message related to user behavior. + +#### U.3.4.1 Property + +The property definitions of the ReferenceEvent object are shown in Table U.7. + +**Table U.7 – Table of ReferenceEvent property** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|-----------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| channelObj | Channel object | Read only | Reference service Channel object to which the reference event belongs. | +| eventObj | DvbEvent object | Read only | DvbEvent object corresponding to the reference event. | + +#### U.3.4.2 Method + +##### U.3.4.2.1 searchSchedules + +Prototype: number searchSchedules(endureTime) + +Description: An Asynchronous method, searching all time-shift event message corresponding to the reference event. + +Parameter: endureTime – number type, allowable receiving timeout time, in seconds. + +Return: number type, + +- 1-indicating that there is no data in the cache, and the bottom layer will automatically lock the frequency point. If the data is received successfully, the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_NVODTIMESHIFT\_SUCCESS will be sent; when the search time reaches the endureTime, the system will automatically stop the search and send the message MSG\_EPG\_RECEIVE\_NVODTIMESHIFT\_TIMEOUT, the getSchedules() function can also be called at this time to obtain the information that has been searched. +- 2-indicating that the NVOD time-shift event message that you want to collect already exists in the cache and is complete and can be obtained directly. At this time, no more messages will be returned to the page, and the time-shifted event message can be directly obtained when the return value is determined to be 2 on the page. + +#### U.3.4.2.2 getSchedules + +Prototype: TimeShiftEvent[] getSchedules() + +Description: Getting a list of all time-shifted events within a few days from this moment on the reference event. Time-shifted events that have been played that day will be discarded, and the time-shifted events will be sorted according to the start time. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: TimeShiftEvent object array. + +#### U.3.4.2.3 getPresentSchedules + +Prototype: TimeShiftEvent[] getPresentSchedules() + +Description: Getting all the time-shift event objects currently being played carried in the reference event, and the elements in the array are sorted according to the playback start time. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: TimeShiftEvent object array. + +#### U.3.4.2.4 getFollowingSchedules + +Prototype: TimeShiftEvent[] getFollowingSchedules() + +Description: Getting all the time-shift event objects for the next playback carried in the reference event, and the elements in the array are sorted according to the playback start time. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: TimeShiftEvent object array. + +### U.3.5 TimeShiftEvent object + +The TimeShiftEvent object is a local object, used to save time-shift event information. + +#### U.3.5.1 Property + +The properties of the TimeShiftEvent object are shown in Table U.8. + +**Table U.8 – Table of TimeShiftEvent object property** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|-----------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| channelObj | Channel object | Read only | Channel object to which the time-shift event belongs. | +| refChannelObj | Channel object | Read only | Reference service Channel object corresponding to the time-shift event. | +| eventObj | DvbEvent object | Read only | DvbEvent object corresponding to the time-shift event. | +| refEventObj | DvbEvent object | Read only | Reference DvbEvent object corresponding to the time-shift event. | +| status | number | Read only | Get the time-shift event status, value:
– -1-indicating that the playback has been completed;
– 0-indicating it is broadcasting;
– 1-indicating it has not been broadcast yet.
This property is a real-time value. | + +**Table U.8 – Table of TimeShiftEvent object property** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|-----------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| orderIndex | number | Read only | It indicates the position of the time-shifted event in the reservation list, value:
– -1-indicating not reserved;
– $\geq 0$ -indicating the position of the time-shift event in the reservation list. | +| preEvent | TimeShiftEvent object | Read only | Get the previous time-shift event of the time-shift event. If null is returned, it indicates that the object is the first time-shift event. | +| nextEvent | TimeShiftEvent object | Read only | Get the next time-shift event of the time-shift event, if it returns null, it indicates that the object is the last time-shift event. | + +#### U.4 Reservation reminder module + +##### U.4.1 Message + +The message definition that the reservation reminder module may send to the application layer is shown in Table U.9. + +**Table U.9 – Reservation reminder module messages** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|-------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_REMIND_RAM_TO_NVM_SUCCESS | 20001 | – | It indicates that writing channel data from RAM to NVM is successful. | +| MSG_REMIND_RAM_TO_NVM_FAILED | 20002 | – | It indicates that writing channel data from RAM to NVM failed. | +| MSG_REMIND_NVM_TO_RAM_SUCCESS | 20003 | – | It indicates that restoring channel data from NVM to RAM is successful. | +| MSG_REMIND_NVM_TO_RAM_FAILED | 20004 | – | It indicates restoring channel data from NVM to RAM failed. | +| Reserved | 20005~20500 | | | + +NOTE – The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type: +– "Number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description character string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the message character string JSON format, the message content will be retrieved according to the format. +– "-", indicating that event.modifiers is undefined. + +##### U.4.2 OrderManager object + +The OrderManager object is a built-in object, used to describe the management mode of user reservations. + +###### U.4.2.1 Property + +The property definition of the OrderManager object is shown in Table U.10. + +**Table U.10 – OrderManager object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|------------------|--------|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| advanceRemind | number | Read/write | This interface is used to set the pop-up reminder time of the reserved program, that is, how long the reserved program will be played, and that the page reminds the user how long it will start to play the reserved program. The default value is 60, in seconds. | +| conflictInterval | number | Read/write | This interface is used to set the conflict threshold of reserved programs. If the user wants to reserve program A, within the range of the set minutes of the start time of program A, no other programs that have been reserved before can start to play, otherwise the system will not add a program reservation, and a reservation conflict program list will be generated in the memory (Which programs that have been reserved have conflict with the programs in this reservation on the start time), the default value for calling getConflictEvents() method is 5, in minute. | +| remindType | number | Read/write | 0-indicating that the conflict Interval value is set as the conflict determination condition;
1-indicating that the entire duration of the program is used as the conflict determination condition. | + +**U.4.2.2 Method** + +**U.4.2.2.1 getPlayingList** + +Prototype: Order[] getPlayingList() + +Description: Getting all the Order objects currently being played in the reservation list. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Order object array. + +**U.4.2.2.2 getRemindList** + +Prototype: Order[] getRemindList() + +Description: Getting all Remind objects to be played in the reservation list. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Order object array. + +**U.4.2.2.3 getOrders** + +Prototype: Order[] getOrders(type) + +Description: Getting all reserved programs according to the specified type. + +Parameter: type – number type, indicating the type of program reservation, value: + +- 0 or no parameter indicating obtaining all types of program reservations; +- 1 indicating obtaining the program reservation of the video type; +- 2 indicating obtaining the program reservation of the audio type; +- 3 indicating obtaining the program reservation of the NVOD type. + +Return: Order object array. + +#### **U.4.2.2.4 getOrderByID** + +Prototype: Order getOrderByID(orderID) + +Description: Obtain the reservation object according to the reservation identifier. + +Parameter: orderID – number type, indicating the identifier of the reservation, and the value range being 0-65535. + +Return: Order object. + +#### **U.4.2.2.5 getOrderByEvent** + +Prototype: getOrderByEvent(type, eventObj) + +Description: Obtain the reservation object according to the event object corresponding to the reservation. + +Parameter: type – indicating the eventObj parameter object type, value: + +- 0-indicating eventObj is ProgramEvent object; +- 1-indicating that eventObj is TimeShiftEvent object. + +eventObj-ProgramEvent object or TimeshiftEvent object, the type of the object is determined by the type parameter. + +Return: Order object, if there is no corresponding Order object, null is returned. + +#### **U.4.2.2.6 getConflictOrders** + +Prototype: Order[] getConflictOrders() + +Description: Getting the conflict reservation list, when the user wants to reserve a new program (the application calls the OrderManager.addEvent(obj) method), if the start time of the new program and the start time of the reserved program have conflict according to OrderManager.conflictInterval, the system will not add the program reservation, and a reservation conflict program list will be generated in the memory (which programs that have been reserved have conflict with the programs in this reservation on the start time), the reservation conflict program list can be accessed and retrieved by this method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Order object array. + +#### **U.4.2.2.7 getDelMarkedList** + +Prototype: Order[] getDelMarkedList() + +Description: Getting the reservation program list that are currently marked for deletion. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Order object array. + +#### **U.4.2.2.8 addEvent** + +Prototype: number addEvent(type, eventObj) + +Description: Add reservation program information to the user reservation list. + +NOTE – Only operate on the reservation list in RAM. + +Parameter: type – indicating the type of the obj parameter object, the value is: + +- 0-indicating that the eventObj parameter is of ProgramEvent type; +- 1-indicating that the eventObj parameter is of TimeShiftEvent type. + +eventObj – ProgramEvent or TimeShiftEvent object to be reserved, the type is specified by the type parameter. + +Return: number type, the value being: + +- 1-indicating the addition is successful; +- 0-indicating the program has been broadcast; +- -1-indicating adding conflict; +- -2-indicating there is no corresponding service; +- -3-indicating that the reserved space is full. + +#### **U.4.2.2.9 deleteOrder** + +Prototype: deleteOrder(orderObj) + +Description: Delete the specified reserved program from the reservation program list. + +NOTE – Only operate on the reservation list in RAM. + +Parameter: orderObj – Order object. + +Return: number type, 1 indicating successful deletion of the reserved program, 0 indicating failure to delete the reserved program. + +#### **U.4.2.2.10 deleteAll** + +Prototype: deleteAll() + +Description: Delete all reserved programs in the program reservation list. + +NOTE – Only operate on the reservation list in RAM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.4.2.2.11 deleteAllDelMarked** + +Prototype: deleteAllDelMarked() + +NOTE – Only operate on the reservation list in RAM. + +Description: Delete all reserved programs of the specified type from the user reservation program list, and clear related information from the NVM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.4.2.2.12 delConflictOrders** + +Prototype: number delConflictOrders() + +NOTE – Only operate on the reservation list in RAM. + +Description: Delete all conflicting reserved programs. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value 0 indicating deletion failed, 1 indicating deletion succeeded. + +#### **U.4.2.2.13 restore** + +Prototype: restore() + +Description: Import the program reservation list saved by the current NVM into RAM. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value 1 indicating success in restoring the reservation data in the NVM to the memory, and 0 indicating failure. + +#### U.4.2.2.14 save + +Prototype: save() + +Description: Saving the program reservation list in RAM to the NVM of the receiving terminal. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### U.4.3 Order object + +The Order object is a local object, used to describe the program reservation information. + +#### U.4.3.1 Property + +The properties of the Order object are shown in Table U.11. + +**Table U.11 – Table of Order object property** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|---------------|---------------------------------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| orderID | number | Read only | Get the identifier of the current reservation. When a user reserves a program on the terminal interface, the system generates an Order object and assigns an orderID. It must be ensured that the orderID is unique among the Order objects of all users that currently exist. | +| channelObj | Channel | Read only | Get the channel object to which the current reservation belongs. | +| deleteFlag | number | Read/write | Mark the reserved program with the deletion mark, the value is:
– 0-indicating there is no deletion mark;
– 1-indicating that there is a deletion mark. | +| Type | number | Read only | It indicates the eventObj object type, the value being:
– 0-indicating that the eventObj property is ProgramEvent object;
– 1-indicating that the eventObj property is TimeShiftEvent object. | +| eventObj | ProgramEvent/
TimeShiftEvent | Read only | Get the event object corresponding to the current reservation, the type is specified by the type property. | + +### U.5 Message search module + +The message search module defines JS objects related to global search and matching search: SearchManager, GlobalSearchSession, AutoCompleteSearchSession, GloalSearchFilter, AutoCompleteSearchFilter, GlobalSearchResultItem, AutoCompleteSearchItem and SearchHistoryItem. + +Definition of terms: + +- Global Search – Find SI, PVR and other content according to the search conditions set by the user, and return meaningful search results to improve the user experience; +- Matching search – According to the user's input, the character string that can be matched in the current data source is given to shorten the time for the user to enter the querying keyword and reduce the difficulty for the user to enter the querying keyword. + +The message search module is divided into the following components: + +- Search Manager (SearchManager) – the entry class of the message search module. +- Global Search Session (GlobalSearchSession)-session associated with the global search process. +- Matching search session (AutoCompleteSearchSession) – the session associated with the ongoing matching search process. + +### U.5.1 Constants + +The constant definitions of this module are shown in Table U.12. + +**Table U.12 – Constant definitions of message search module** + +| Constants | Value | Description | +|------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Data source type | | | +| SourceType.ALL | 0 | It indicates that the data source of the search is two parts: broadcast data and local recording data. | +| SourceType.BROADCAST | 1 | It indicates that the data source of the search is broadcast data. | +| SourceType.RECORDED | 2 | It indicates that the searched data source is local recording data. | +| Search field | | | +| SearchFields.ALL_STRING_FIELDS | 0 | It indicates searching all character string fields. | +| SearchFields.SYNOPSIS | 4 | It indicates searching profile field. | +| SearchFields.TITLE | 5 | It indicates searching title field. | +| Data content type | | | +| SearchContentType.ALL | 0 | It indicates searching for data in both audio and video formats. | +| SearchContentType.AUDIO_ONLY | 1 | It indicates searching for data only in the audio format. | +| SearchContentType.VIDEO_ONLY | 2 | It indicates searching for data only in the video format. | +| Get paging direction | | | +| RetrieveDirection.FIRST_PAGE | 0 | It indicates that the data on the first page is got according to the getting results by paging. | +| RetrieveDirection.NEXT_PAGE | 1 | It indicates that the data on the next page is got according to the getting results by paging. | +| RetrieveDirection.PREVIOUS_PAGE | 2 | It indicates that the data on the previous page is got according to the getting results by paging. | +| Filter condition | | | +| SearchCriteriaFlags.FLAG_NONE | 0 | Filter condition flag-empty. | +| SearchCriteriaFlags.FLAG_SD_EVENT | 1 | Filter condition tag-filter standard definition content. | +| SearchCriteriaFlags.FLAG_HD_EVENT | 2 | Filter condition tag-filter high definition content. | +| SearchCriteriaFlags.FLAG_3D_EVENT | 4 | Filter condition tag-filter 3D content. | +| SearchCriteriaFlags.FLAG_CLEAR | 32 | Filter condition tag-filter unscrambled content. | +| SearchCriteriaFlags.FLAG_SCRAMBLED | 64 | Filter condition tag-filter scrambled content. | + +**Table U.12 – Constant definitions of message search module** + +| Constants | Value | Description | +|-------------------------------------|-------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| Search status | | | +| SearchStatus.INITIATED | 0 | Search status-initialization is complete. | +| SearchStatus.IN_PROGRESS | 1 | Search status-in progress. | +| SearchStatus.COMPLETED | 2 | Search status-end. | +| SearchStatus.INTERRUPTED | 3 | Search status-interrupted. | +| SearchStatus.TIMEOUT | 4 | Search status-search stops after timeout. | +| SearchStatus.TIMEOUT_STOP_FAILED | 5 | Search status-search stop failed after timeout. | +| SearchStatus.FAILED | 6 | Search status-search failed. | +| SearchStatus.STOP_SUCCESS | 7 | Search status—successfully stop the search. | +| SearchStatus.STOP_FAILED | 8 | Search status-failed to stop the search. | +| SearchStatus.DISPOSE_SUCCESS | 9 | Search status-successfully close the search. | +| SearchStatus.DISPOSE_FAILED | 10 | Search status-close the search failed. | +| SearchStatus.RETRIEVAL_SUCCESS | 11 | Search status—successfully get the search results. | +| SearchStatus.RETRIEVAL_FAILED | 12 | Search status-failed to get the search results. | +| SearchStatus.RETRIEVAL_INSUFFICIENT | 13 | Search status-not enough search results are available. | + +## U.5.2 SearchManager object + +SearchManager is a built-in object, the manager of global search and matching search, and the entry class of the information search module. At the same time, the historical search records can be got through it. + +### U.5.2.1 Method + +#### U.5.2.1.1 getAutoCompleteSearchSession + +Prototype: AutoCompleteSearchSession getAutoCompleteSearchSession(autoCompleteFilter) + +Description: Getting the matching search session object. Each matching search object is an independent search session. The system can only have one matching search session at a time. + +Parameter: autoCompleteFilter – An AutoCompleteSearchFilter object, indicating a matching search filter. + +Return: An AutoCompleteSearchSession object, indicating an instance of the matching search session. + +#### U.5.2.1.2 getGlobalSearchSession + +Prototype: GlobalSearchSession getGlobalSearchSession(globalFilter,sortCriteria) + +Description: Getting the global search session object. Each global search session object is an independent search session. In order to have multiple global search sessions at the same time, the application needs not only to obtain different objects, but also to handle the corresponding callback function. According to the terminal capabilities, the system decides itself whether to support multiple global search sessions at the same time. + +Parameter: globalFilter – A GlobalSearchFilter object, indicating the global search filter. + +sortCriteria – A SortCriteria object, indicating the criteria for sorting search results. + +Return: A GlobalSearchSession object, indicating an instance of the global search session. + +#### U.5.2.1.3 getSearchHistory + +Prototype: SearchHistoryItem[] getSearchHistory() + +Description: Getting a list of historical search records. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: SearchHistoryItem array, indicating historical search records. If there is a successful search record before, and the application explicitly calls the method for saving search result, this method returns the history record of the successful search; if the history record is empty, the returned array length is 0. + +#### U.5.2.1.4 clearSearchHistory + +Prototype: void clearSearchHistory() + +Description: Clear historical search records. At any time, the application can call this method to clear historical search records to protect personal privacy. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### U.5.3 GlobalSearchSession object + +GlobalSearchSession describes a global search session, provides interfaces for the global search session and related control. + +#### U.5.3.1 Constants + +The constant definitions of the GlobalSearchSession object are shown in Table U.13. + +**Table U.13 – Table of GlobalSearchSession object constant definition** + +| Constant | Value | Description | +|-------------------|-------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE | 6 | The default page size of the global search results, that is, the number of search result items contained in each page. | + +#### U.5.3.2 Property + +The property definition of the GlobalSearchSession object is shown in Table U.14. + +**Table U.14 – GlobalSearchSession object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------------|------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| pageSize | number | Read and write | When returning search results by page, specify the number of results contained in each page.
The default value is GlobalSearchSession.DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE. | +| onGlobalSearchStart | Function pointer | Read and write | Global search session start event handling method. | +| onGlobalSearchStop | Function pointer | Read and write | Global search session closing event handling method. | + +**Table U.14 – GlobalSearchSession object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|-------------------------|------------------|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| onGlobalSearchDestroy | Function pointer | Read and write | Global search session destruction event handling method. | +| onGlobalSearchRetrieval | Function pointer | Read and write | Global search session obtains the search result event handling method. | +| onGlobalSearchError | Function pointer | Read and write | Global search session error event handling method. | + +Examples of using the callback method properties of the GlobalSearchSession object are as follows: + +``` + +var globalSearchSession = SearchManager.getGlobalSearchSession(globalFilter, sortCriteria); +globalSearchSession.onGlobalSearchStart = eventHandle; +globalSearchSession.onGlobalSearchStop = eventHandle; +globalSearchSession.onGlobalSearchDestroy = eventHandle; +globalSearchSession.onGlobalSearchRetrieval = eventHandle; +globalSearchSession.onGlobalSearchError = eventHandle; +globalSearchSession.pageSize = 10; +..... +globalSearchSession.startSearch("The Founding of A Party"); +..... +//definition of callback method +function eventHandle(aEvent) { +..... +switch (aEvent){ + case COMPLETED: + break; +} +..... +} +..... + +``` + +### U.5.3.3 Method + +#### U.5.3.3.1 startSearch + +Prototype: void startSearch(searchStr) + +Description: Start a new global search request. Once the search is completed, the system will notify the application through an event to get the search results. + +Parameter: searchStr – string type, indicating the character string to be searched entered by the user. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.5.3.3.2 stopSearch** + +Prototype: void stopSearch() + +Description: Terminate the global search request that has been started before. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.5.3.3.3 getSearchResultList** + +Prototype: GlobalSearchResultItem[] getSearchResultList() + +Description: To get the global search results, the application needs to wait for the event trigger before calling this method. The results are stored in the same cache. Once a new search is initialized, this interface can no longer be used to obtain the results of the last search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: A GlobalSearchResultItem array, indicating global search results. If there is no search result, the length of the returned array is 0. + +#### **U.5.3.3.4 getResultCount** + +Prototype: number getResultCount() + +Description: Getting the number of search result items. If the search has not been completed and is partially updated, the number of results will also be updated according to the change of the search element. For each threshold limit, the application will receive a notification of SearchStatus.IN\_PROGRESS. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the number of search result items. + +#### **U.5.3.3.5 dispose** + +Prototype: void dispose() + +Description: Destroy global search session objects that are no longer needed. + +NOTE – After the global search is completed, once the session is no longer needed, this method must be called to release the corresponding resources. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.5.3.3.6 retrievePage** + +Prototype: void retrievePage(retrieveDirection) + +Description: Getting the data on the first page, the next page or the previous page from the search result list, an asynchronous method, waiting for event processing mechanism. + +Parameter: retrieveDirection – number type, used to specify the direction of getting the result. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.5.3.3.7 saveRecentSearchQuery** + +Prototype: void saveRecentSearchQuery() + +Description: Saving the latest search results to the history records. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +### U.5.3.4 Callback method + +The event description of the GlobalSearchSession object is shown in Table U.15, and the value of the event code is shown in the "Search Status" constant definition in Table U.12. + +**Table U.15 – GlobalSearchSession object related events** + +| Trigger event | Callback disposal method | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------| +| COMPLETED
IN_PROGRESS
INITIATED | onGlobalSearchStart | +| STOP_SUCCESS | onGlobalSearchStop | +| DISPOSE_SUCCESS | onGlobalSearchDestroy | +| RETRIEVAL_SUCCESS | onGlobalSearchRetrieval | +| FAILED
INTERRUPTED
TIMEOUT_STOP_FAILED
TIMEOUT
DISPOSE_FAILED
RETRIEVAL_FAILED
RETRIEVAL_INSUFFICIENT
STOP_FAILED
EXPAND_RESULT_FAILED | onGlobalSearchError | + +#### U.5.3.4.1 onGlobalSearchStart + +Description: The properties of the GlobalSearchSession object, the callback method of the global search session start event. It is used to monitor the global search start event, the application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating the global search event. + +Return: None. + +#### U.5.3.4.2 onGlobalSearchStop + +Description: The properties of the GlobalSearchSession object, the callback method of the global search session stop event. It is used to monitor the global search stop event, the application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating the global search event. + +Return: None. + +#### U.5.3.4.3 onGlobalSearchDestroy + +Description: The properties of the GlobalSearchSession object, the callback method of the global search session destruction event. It is used to monitor the global search destruction event, the application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating the global search event. + +Return: None. + +#### U.5.3.4.4 onGlobalSearchRetrieval + +Description: The properties of the GlobalSearchSession object, the global search session gets the search result event callback method. It is used to monitor the global search to get some search result events, the application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating the global search event. + +Return: None. + +#### U.5.3.4.5 onGlobalSearchError + +Description: The properties of the GlobalSearchSession object, the callback method of the global search session error event. It is used to monitor the global search error event, the application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating the global search event. + +Return: None. + +### U.5.4 AutoCompleteSearchSession object + +The matching search session object provides a matching search session control method. + +#### U.5.4.1 Property + +The property definition of the AutoCompleteSearchSession object is shown in Table U.16. + +**Table U.16 – AutoCompleteSearchSession object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|-------------------------------|------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| onAutoCompleteSearchStart | Function pointer | Read and write | Matching search session start event handling method. | +| onAutoCompleteSearchStop | Function pointer | Read and write | Matching search session closing event handling method. | +| onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy | Function pointer | Read and write | Matching search session destruction event handling method. | +| onAutoCompleteSearchRetrieval | Function pointer | Read and write | Matching search session gets the search result event handling method. | +| onAutoCompleteSearchError | Function pointer | Read and write | Matching search session error event handling method. | + +Examples of using the callback method properties of the AutoCompleteSearchSession object are as follows: + +``` +var autoCompleteSearchSession = + SearchManager.getAutoCompleteSearchSession(autoCompleteFilter); +autoCompleteSearchSession.onAutoCompleteSearchStart = eventHandle; +autoCompleteSearchSession.onAutoCompleteSearchStop = eventHandle; +autoCompleteSearchSession.onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy = eventHandle; +``` + +``` + +autoCompleteSearchSession.onAutoCompleteSearchRetrieval = eventHandle; +autoCompleteSearchSession.onAutoCompleteSearchError = eventHandle; +..... +autoCompleteSearchSession.startSearch("The Founding of A Party"); +..... +//Definition of callback method +function eventHandle(aEvent) { +..... +switch (aEvent){ + case COMPLETED: + break; +} +..... +} +..... + +``` + +## U.5.4.2 Method + +### U.5.4.2.1 startSearch + +Prototype: void startSearch(searchStr) + +Description: Start a new matching search request. Once the search is completed, the search engine will notify the application to get the search results. After starting the search, the application needs to wait for the notification of onAutoCompleteSearchStart() event and then get the results. + +NOTE 1 – If the timeout of AutoCompleteSearchFilter is set to 0, the search will stop only when the stopSearch() method is explicitly called. + +NOTE 2: + +- 1 Get matching search results by calling the getSearchResultList() method; +- 2 Terminate the previous search request that is still in progress by calling the stopSearch() method; +- 3 If the matching search session is no longer used, release it by calling the dispose() method; +- 4 At the same time, only one matching search session can be active. During this period, the startSearch() and stopSearch() methods can be called repeatedly, but when the matching search session is no longer needed, dispose () method should be called to close the search session and release resources; the search results are stored in the same cache. Once a new search is started, the old search results will no longer be valid. + +Parameter: searchStr – string type, indicating the keyword character string entered by the user to be searched. + +Return: None. + +### U.5.4.2.2 stopSearch + +Prototype: void stopSearch() + +Description: Terminate previously initiated matching search requests. + +NOTE – This operation only terminates the matching search, but the matching search session is still valid, and the corresponding resources are not released. This method should be forced to be called in the following scenarios: + +- If the matching search has been started and the results are waiting to be returned, the user must call the `stopSearch()` method to terminate the search when the user enters another character before the search engine returns the results; +- The timeout limit of the matching search filter is set to 0, so that it will always wait for the search result. If there is no corresponding matching result, the `stopSearch()` method must be called to terminate the search before starting another search. + +Tip: If the matching search has been completed, there is no need to call this method. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### U.5.4.2.3 **dispose** + +Prototype: `void dispose()` + +Description: Destroy matching search session objects that are no longer needed. + +NOTE – After the matching search is completed, once the session is no longer needed, this method must be called to release the corresponding resources. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: None. + +#### U.5.4.2.4 **getSearchResultList** + +Prototype: `string[] getSearchResultList()` + +Description: Getting the results of a matching search. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string array, indicating all the searched character string arrays that match the querying keywords entered by the user. + +#### U.5.4.3 **Callback method** + +The event description of the `AutoCompleteSearchSession` object is shown in Table U.17. + +**Table U.17 – AutoCompleteSearchSession object related events** + +| Search event | Callback disposal method | +|----------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------| +| COMPLETED | onAutoCompleteSearchStart | +| STOP_SUCCESS | onAutoCompleteSearchStop | +| DISPOSE_SUCCESS | onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy | +| FAILED
TIMEOUT
STOP_FAILED
DISPOSE_FAILED | onAutoCompleteSearchError | + +##### U.5.4.3.1 **onAutoCompleteSearchStart** + +Description: The properties of the `AutoCompleteSearchSession` object, the matching search session start event callback method. It is used to monitor the matching search start event. The application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: `function eventHandle(aEvent)` + +Parameter: `aEvent` – number type, indicating matching search event. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.5.4.3.2 onAutoCompleteSearchStop** + +Description: Properties of the AutoCompleteSearchSession object, the matching search session stop event callback method. It is used to monitor the matching search stop event. The application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating matching search event. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.5.4.3.3 onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy** + +Description: properties of the AutoCompleteSearchSession object, the matching search session destruction event callback method. It is used to monitor the matching search destruction event. The application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating matching search event. + +Return: None. + +#### **U.5.4.3.4 onAutoCompleteSearchError** + +Description: properties of the AutoCompleteSearchSession object, the matching search session error event callback method. It is used to monitor the matching search error event. The application should assign it an event handling function handle to handle the corresponding event. + +Prototype: function eventHandle(aEvent) + +Parameter: aEvent – number type, indicating matching search event. + +Return: None. + +### **U.5.5 GlobalSearchFilter object** + +The global search filter object provides methods for setting and obtaining global search filter conditions. The global search filter conditions can be: + +- Search data source; +- Search field; +- The language of the text information; +- The maximum number of returned results; +- Search timeout time limit. + +NOTE – The application using GlobalSearchFilter can obtain the following effects: According to the specified search data source and search field, the search result list that matches the keyword input by the user is listed within the timeout limit, and the number of search results is less than or equal to the maximum value set by the application. + +#### **U.5.5.1 Constants** + +The constant definitions of the GlobalSearchFilter object are shown in Table U.18. + +**Table U.18 – Table of GlobalSearchFilter object constant definition** + +| Constant | Value | +|-----------------------------------|--------------| +| DEFAULT_MAX_GLOBAL_SEARCH_RESULTS | 50 | + +### U.5.5.2 Property + +The properties of the GlobalSearchFilter objects are defined in the following table. + +**Table U.19 – Definitions of GlobalSearchFilter object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|----------------|--------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| source | number | Read and write | Specify the search source, the default is SourceType.ALL. | +| contentType | number | Read and write | It indicates the content type, the default is SearchContentType.ALL. | +| contentNibble | number | Read and write | It indicates the class of the program to be filtered. | +| searchField | number | Read and write | Search fields, the default is SearchFields.ALL_STRING_FIELDS. | +| searchLanauage | string | Read and write | Preset system language on the receiving terminal, the default is "zho". | +| criteriaFlags | number | Read and write | It indicates filter conditions. | +| maxResults | number | Read and write | It indicates the maximum number of returned results, the default value is GlobalSearchFilter.DEFAULT_MAX_GLOBAL_SEAR CH_RESULTS. | +| threshold | number | Read and write | Set the threshold of search query results, the default is 0. | +| timeLimit | number | Read and write | Timeout setting, the default is 0, in milliseconds. | + +### U.5.5.3 Method + +#### U.5.5.3.1 GlobalSearchFilter + +Prototype: GlobalSearchFilter() + +Description: Construction method, creates a GlobalSearchFilter object. + +Parameter: None. + +### U.5.6 AutoCompleteSearchFilter object + +Matching search filter object, provides methods for setting and obtaining matching search filter conditions. The matching search filter conditions can be: + +- Search data source; +- Search field; +- Language of the text information; +- Maximum number of returned results; +- Search timeout time limit. + +NOTE – The application uses AutoCompleteSearchFilter to obtain the following effects: According to the specified search data source and search field, a list of prompt character strings that match the characters input by the user are listed within the timeout limit, and the number of character strings is less than or equal to the maximum value set by the application. + +#### U.5.6.1 Constants + +The constant definitions of the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object are shown in the following table. + +**Table U.20 – AutoCompleteSearchFilter object constant** + +| Constant | Value | +|------------------------------------------|-------| +| DEFAULT_MAX_AUTO_COMPLETE_SEARCH_RESULTS | 10 | + +**U.5.6.2 Property** + +The property definitions of the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object are shown in the following table. + +**Table U.21 – AutoCompleteSearchFilter Object Properties** + +| Property name | Type | Property | Description | +|----------------|--------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| source | number | Read and write | Specify the search source, the default is SourceType.ALL. | +| searchField | number | Read and write | Search fields, the default value is SearchFields.ALL_STRING_FIELDS. | +| searchLanauage | string | Read and write | It indicates the language of the search text, following the three-letter code agreed by the GB/T 4880.2-2000 standard, and the default value is "zho". | +| maxResults | number | Read and write | It indicates the maximum number of returned results, the default value is AutoCompleteSearchFilter.DEFAULT_MAX_AUTO_COMPLETE_SEARCH_RESULTS. | +| timeLimit | number | Read and write | Timeout setting, the default value is 0, in milliseconds. | + +**U.5.6.3 Method****U.5.6.3.1 AutoCompleteSearchFilter** + +Prototype: AutoCompleteSearchFilter() + +Description: Construction method, creates an AutoCompleteSearchFilter object. + +Parameter: None. + +**U.5.7 SortCriteria object** + +The SortCriteria object describes the sorting mechanism of the search results, including two rules, one is to sort according to the specified field, and the other is to use it in ascending or descending order. The two rules need to be used in combination, that is, sort a field in ascending or descending order. + +**U.5.7.1 Constants** + +The constant definitions of the SortCriteria object are shown in Table U.22. + +**Table U.22 – Constants of SortCriteria object** + +| Constants | Value | +|---------------------------------------|-------| +| Sorting method (ascending/descending) | | +| SORT_ORDER_NONE | 0 | +| SORT_ORDER_ASCENDING | 1 | +| SORT_ORDER_DESCENDING | 2 | +| Sorting basis | | + +**Table U.22 – Constants of SortCriteria object** + +| Constants | Value | +|--------------------------|-------| +| SORT_TYPE_NONE | 0 | +| SORT_TYPE_TITLE | 1 | +| SORT_TYPE_START_TIME | 2 | +| SORT_TYPE_CONTENT_NIBBLE | 15 | + +**U.5.7.2 Property** + +The property definitions of the SortCriteria object are shown in Table U.23. + +**Table U.23 – Table of SortCriteria object property definitions** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sortOrder | number | Read and write | The possible values are the "sorting method" constants defined in Table W.22. | +| sortType | number | Read and write | The possible values are the "sorting basis" constants defined in Table W.22. | + +**U.5.7.3 Method** + +**U.5.7.3.1 SortCriteria** + +Prototype: SortCriteria() + +Description: Construction method, creates a default SortCriteria object for sorting search results. + +Parameter: None. + +**U.5.7.3.2 SortCriteria** + +Prototype: SortCriteria(field, order) + +Description: A construction method, creating a SortCriteria object according to the specified parameters, which is used to sort the search results. + +Parameter: field – number type, which specifies which field to be sorted, which can be the "sorting basis" constants defined in Table W.22 for the value. + +order – number type, which specifies the ascending or descending type of sorting, which can be the "sorting method" constant defined in Table W.22 for the value. + +**U.5.8 GlobalSearchResultItem object** + +**U.5.8.1 Constant** + +The constant definitions of the GlobalSearchResultItem object are shown in Table U.24. + +**Table U.24 – GlobalSearchResultItem object constants** + +| Constants | Value | Description | +|------------------|-------|------------------------------------------------------| +| CONTENT_DVBEVENT | 0 | It indicates that the content type is DvbEvent type. | +| CONTENT_PVREVENT | 1 | It indicates that the content type is PVREvent type. | + +### U.5.8.2 Property + +The property definition of the GlobalSearchResultItem object is shown in Table U.25. + +**Table U.25 – GlobalSearchResultItem object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| contentType | number | Read only | The value can be CONTENT_DVBEVENT or CONTENT_PVREVENT. | + +### U.5.8.3 Method + +#### U.5.8.3.1 getContent + +Prototype: object getContent() + +Description: Getting the object associated with this search result. The object may be of type DvbEvent or PVREvent, indicated by the contentType property. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Object object type, the specific type is determined according to the value of the contentType property: + +- If contentType=GlobalSearchResultItem.CONTENT\_DVBEVENT, then return DvbEvent object; +- If contentType=GlobalSearchResultItem.CONTENT\_PVREVENT, then return the PVREvent object; + +### U.5.9 SearchHistoryItem object + +The SearchHistoryItem object describes a search history record and provides methods to obtain various information about the search history record. + +#### U.5.9.1 Method + +##### U.5.9.1.1 getContentType + +Prototype: number getContentType() + +Description: Getting the content type of this search history record. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the content type of the search history record. + +##### U.5.9.1.2 getCriteriaFlags + +Prototype: number getCriteriaFlags() + +Description: Getting the filter character of the search history record. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the filter condition of the search history record. + +##### U.5.9.1.3 getSearchField + +Prototype: number getSearchField() + +Description: Getting the search field of this search history record. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the search field of the search history record. + +#### **U.5.9.1.4 getSearchString** + +Prototype: string getSearchString() + +Description: Getting the search keyword character string of the search history record. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, indicating the search keyword character string entered by the user. + +#### **U.5.9.1.5 getSortCriteria** + +Prototype: SortCriteria getSortCriteria() + +Description: Getting the sorting information of the search record. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: SortCriteria object, indicating the sorting method and sorting basis of the search results. + +#### **U.5.9.1.6 getSource** + +Prototype: number getSource() + +Description: Getting the search source of this search history record. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the search source. + +## Annex V + +### JavaScript-Broadcast Information Service Management Unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### V.1 Overview + +This annex defines the relevant JavaScript interface of the broadcast information service management unit. + +#### V.2 Broadcast information service management module + +This module defines JS objects related to broadcast information service management: DthManager, Ad, AdService. + +##### V.2.1 Message + +The message definition of the broadcast information service management module is shown in Table V.1. + +**Table V.1 – Broadcast Information service management module message definition** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|--------------------------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DTH_EVENT_EMBD_TRIG | 15001 | number | Emergency broadcast event trigger event, the message character string JSON format is:
{ "service_id":param1 Note 1 ,
"ts_id":param2 Note 2 ,
"orig_net_id":param3 Note 3 } | +| DTH_EVENT_EMBD_CANCEL | 15002 | – | Emergency broadcast event cancel event. | +| DTH_EVENT_OSD_UPDATE | 15003 | number | Prompt application, there is a new OSD prompt message | +| DTH_EVENT_SERVICE_UPDATE | 15004 | number, a parameter of 0 indicates that the program does not need to be updated immediately, a parameter of 1 indicates that the program information is forced to be updated | NIT service update | +| DTH_EVENT_RESET_DATA | 15005 | When the parameter is 01, the set-top box data is required to be erased immediately (dth processing, | Erase messages reported by the data | + +**Table V.1 – Broadcast Information service management module message definition** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|-----------------------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| | | just reporting a message to the application), when the parameter is 0, it indicates that the state of erasing the set-top box is restored to the normal state. | | +| DTH_EVENT_GPRS_SEND_STATUS | 15006 | A message of 01 indicates a successful sending, and a message of 00 indicates a failed sending | Determining whether the data is sent successfully | +| DTH_EVENT_BOUQUET_ID_UPDATE | 15007 | number | Bouquet id update message | +| DTH_EVENT_UPGRADE_TRIG | 15008 | A message of 01 indicates a mandatory upgrade, and a message of 00 indicates a non-mandatory upgrade | Software upgrade message | +| DTH_EVENT_FINGERPRINT_TRIG | 15009 | number | Fingerprint trigger event. Note 4 | +| DTH_EVENT_GPRS_STATUS | 15010 | number | Current available status. Note 5 | +| DTH_EVENT_GPRS_BASE_STATION | 15011 | number | GPRS current base station information. Note 6 | +| Reserved | 15012–15100 | – | | + +The value of event.modifiers is automatically given by the system, and its data type: + +- "number", indicating that the value is the ID of the message description character string, which can be obtained through the Utility.getEventInfo() method. If the "message description" defines the message character string JSON format, the message content will be retrieved according to the format. +- "-", indicating event.modifiers is undefined. + +NOTE 1 – param1: number type, program service ID; + +NOTE 2 – param2: number type, transport stream ID. + +NOTE 3 – param3: number type, network ID. + +NOTE 4 – Fingerprint trigger event, the message character string JSON format is: { + +char\_color: number //Text color + +reg\_highlight: number //Background area height + +reg\_width: number //Background area width + +reg\_color: number //Background area color + +X\_Reg\_Offset: number // Background area x coordinate + +**Table V.1 – Broadcast Information service management module message definition** + +| Message name | event.which | event.modifiers | Message description | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Y_Reg_Offset: number // Background area y coordinate
X_Text_Offset: number // Text x coordinate
Y_Text_Offset: number // Text y coordinate
Duration: number //duration
fs_text: String //Text content
};
NOTE 5 – Currently available status: {
0, //Module is normal and currently available
-1, //Module is being initialized
-2, //Module SIM is abnormal
-3, //Module network is abnormal
-4, //Module is in a busy status, and need to be obtained later.
-5, //No response from the module
-6, //Other errors
} | | | NOTE 6 – Base station information report event, the JSON format contained in the array is: [{
LAC:number /*location area code location area code*/
Cell_ID:number /* Cell (base station) number*/
Bsic_ID:number /* Base station identification code (C network)*/
ucMNC:number /* Network number*/
strength:number /*Signal strength*/
},
...
] | + +## V.2.2 DthManager object + +DthManager object is a built-in object that provides management methods for DTH components. + +### V.2.2.1 Method + +#### V.2.2.1.1 startServer + +Prototype: number startServer() + +Description: The DTH component is called in the live broadcast star application. The server side of the DTH component is started. You need to wait for the live broadcast star application to start before calling this interface to start each function of the DTH component. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0: indicating success. Non-0: indicating failure. + +#### V.2.2.1.2 stopServer + +Prototype: number stopServer() + +Description: After the live broadcast star application exits, call this interface to stop each function of the DTH component. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0: indicating success. Non-0: indicating failure. + +### **V.2.2.1.3 getADFinishStatus** + +Prototype: number getADFinishStatus() + +Description: Obtain the processing status of the boot advertisement, that is, obtain whether the advertisement is ready. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 1 indicating processing is completed and the application can work normally, 0 indicating processing is in progress, and the application needs to continue to wait. + +### **V.2.2.1.4 getAllAds** + +Prototype: Ad[] getAllAds(epgInfoType,serviceid) + +Description: Getting the advertisement image information object. + +Parameter: epgInfoType – number type, indicating various types of advertising space, defined as follows: + +``` +enum { + EPGINFO_TYPE_EPG_CONFIG_DATA = 0xF0F0, + EPGINFO_TYPE_BOOTLOGO = 1, + EPGINFO_TYPE_MAINMENU, + EPGINFO_TYPE_CHANNEL_LIST, + EPGINFO_TYPE_FAV_CHANNEL_LIST, + EPGINFO_TYPE_EPG_LIST, + EPGINFO_TYPE_PFBAR, + EPGINFO_TYPE_VOLUMEBAR, + EPGINFO_TYPE_AUDIOLOGO, + EPGINFO_TYPE_ERROR, +}; + +serviceid – number type, when it is EPGINFO_TYPE_PFBAR or +EPGINFO_TYPE_VOLUMEBAR, serviceid is the serviceid of the channel corresponding +to the advertisement, otherwise it is 0. +``` + +Return: Array of Ad objects. + +### **V.2.2.1.5 getOsdXmlFile** + +Prototype: String getOsdXmlFile() + +Description: Getting the save address of the XML file updated by OSD text. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: String type, the storage location of the XML file updated by OSD text in the box. + +### **V.2.2.1.6 getOsdInfo** + +Prototype: String getOsdInfo(tag) + +Description: Obtain osd event message that needs to be displayed. + +Parameter: tag – String type. It is the prompt message code corresponding to osd. + +Return: String type, returning the corresponding osd event message. + +#### **V.2.2.1.7 startAdPCT** + +Prototype: number startAdPCT(transport\_stream\_id) + +Description: Getting the first picture of the boot advertisement. Real-time ad filtering for a certain tp should be turned on instead. + +Parameter: transport\_stream\_id – number type, transport stream id. + +Return: number type, value: 0 indicating successful acquisition, non-0 indicating failed acquisition, and the application displaying the default picture. + +#### **V.2.2.1.8 stopEMBDAction** + +Prototype: number stopEMBDAction() + +Description: The live broadcast star receives the event information of canceling the emergency broadcast, and calls this interface to make the DTH component stop sending the current emergency broadcast. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0: successful operation, non-0: failed operation. + +#### **V.2.2.1.9 recordAVBEvent** + +Prototype: recordAVBEvent(event\_id, event\_param) + +Description: Detect user events and save them. + +Parameter: event\_id – number type, event number; + +event\_param – number type, setting the event parameters according to the event number. + +Return: None. + +#### **V.2.2.1.10 dataBDStart** + +Prototype: number dataBDStart(file\_path) + +Description: Provide the storage path of the information service file, and start the information service receiving. + +Parameter: file\_path – String type, the storage path of the message service file. If the parameter is empty, the default path is /data/db/dth/datadb. + +Return: number type, value: 0: successful operation, non-0: failed operation. + +#### **V.2.2.1.11 dataBDStop** + +Prototype: number dataBDStop() + +Description: Suspension of message service receiving. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0: successful operation, non-0: failed operation. + +#### **V.2.2.1.12 getDATABDFinishPercent** + +Prototype: number getDATABDFinishPercent() + +Description: Getting the percentage of download completion. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0-100: percentage of download completion, other values: failed operation. + +#### **V.2.2.1.13 getDataBDXmlFileData** + +Prototype: String getDataBDXmlFileData(file\_name) + +Description: Obtain the corresponding message service data. + +Parameter: file\_name – String type, the file name of the message service file. If the parameter is empty, the default path is /data/db/dth/datadb. + +Return: String type, returning the corresponding message service data. + +#### **V.2.2.1.14 GPRSTransmit** + +Prototype: String GPRSTransmit(conn\_type, addr, port, data, timeout, retry\_count) + +Description: Sending data through GPRS module and receive returned data. (Asynchronous interface) + +Parameter: conn\_type – number type, the type of GPRS connection server is 0 or 1, 0: TCP; 1: UDP; addr – String type, the domain name or IP address of the server; + +port – number type, the port number of the server; + +data – String type, transmitted data; + +timeout – number type, the timeout period for waiting for the return of transmission data; + +retry\_count – number type, the number of retries for transmission failure. + +Return: String type: If it is empty, it indicates failure, and if it is not empty, it indicates the data returned by the receiving module. + +#### **V.2.2.1.15 getGPRSStatus** + +Prototype: number getGPRSStatus() + +Description: Getting whether GPRS is currently in a normal available state. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0: GPRS status is normal, non-0: GPRS status is abnormal. + +#### **V.2.2.1.16 getGprsBaseStationInfo** + +Prototype: number getGprsBaseStationInfo() + +Description: Asynchronous interface, obtains current base station information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: 0 indicating success, others indicating failure. + +#### **V.2.2.1.17 SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion** + +Prototype: number SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion() + +Description: After the application updates the program information, notify dth to save the current service update descriptor version. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0: successful save, non-0: failed save. + +#### **V.2.2.1.18 GetBouquetId** + +Prototype: number GetBouquetId() + +Description: Getting the current bouquet id. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, the current bouquetid. + +#### **V.2.2.1.19 SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion** + +Prototype: number SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion() + +Description: After the application updates the program information, notify dth to save the current service update descriptor version. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0 indicating success, others indicating failure. + +#### **V.2.2.1.20 dataBDdeleteFiles** + +Prototype: number dataBDdeleteFiles() + +Description: Delete all downloaded information service files (called when exiting the information service). + +Parameter: None. + +Return value: number type, 0 indicating success, others indicating failure. + +### **V.2.3 Ad object** + +#### **V.2.3.1 Property** + +The property definition of the Ad object is shown in Table V.2. + +**Table V.2 – Ad object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|----------------------|-------------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| adPath | string | Read only | It indicates the storage address of the advertisement. | +| startDate | string | Read only | It indicates the start date of playing for the advertisement, the format is "YYYY-MM-DD". | +| startTime | string | Read only | It indicates the start time of playing for the advertisement, the format is "hh:mm:ss". | +| endDate | string | Read only | It indicates the end date of playing for the advertisement, the format is "YYYY-MM-DD". | +| endTime | string | Read only | It indicates the ending time of playing for the advertisement, the format is "hh:mm:ss". | +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +| duration | number | Read only | It indicates the playing time of the advertisement, in seconds. | +| tableExtId | number | Read only | It indicates the type of program-associated advertisement of the advertisement. | + +#### **V.2.3.2 Method** + +##### **V.2.3.2.1 getAllAdServices** + +Prototype: AdService[] getAllAdServices() + +Description: Getting all relevant channel parameters and AdService objects of channel-related advertisements. + +Parameter: None. + +Return value: AdService object array. + +## V.2.4 AdService object + +### V.2.4.1 Property + +The property definition of the AdService object is shown in Table V.3. + +**Table V.3 – AdService object properties** + +| Property name | Type | Read and write property | Description | +|---------------|--------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| onId | number | Read only | It indicates the onid of the channel-related advertisement. | +| tdId | number | Read only | It indicates the tdId of the channel-related advertisement. | +| serviceId | number | Read only | It indicates the serviceId of the channel-related advertisement. | +| associateType | number | Read only | It indicates the associateType of the channel-related advertisement. | + +## Annex W + +### JavaScript-Multi-screen Interactive Unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### W.1 Overview + +This annex defines the JavaScript interface related to the multi-screen interactive unit. + +##### W.1.1 Scene description + +1. There are currently two playback devices of TVOS system, namely A and B, and both A and B systems are connected to the same LAN. +2. The application program of A system uses the startMultiScreenServer method to start the multi-terminal linkage service through the MultiScreen multi-terminal linkage communication object provided by the A system, and transmits the multi-terminal linkage component message of the B system to the A system. +3. Then the application uses the findSPs method to search for the B system equipment under the same LAN, and realizes the connection with the B system through the A system through the connect method. +4. After the connection is successful, the A system program receives the connection status information through the MultiScreenEvent interface provided by the B system, and informs the A system of the connection status by the onConnected method. So far, the A and B systems have realized multi-terminal linkage communication. The application can pass the operation data information of the A system or more video data information to the B system by the inputKeyCode provided by the MultiScreen object, and realize the related operation and playback on the B system. + +#### W.2 Multi-screen interactive module + +This module supports finding and connection between the client and server in the LAN. The multi-screen interactive component provides a JavaScript interface for the upper application of the Web APP, which can realize the functions of the WEB application in the LAN to find, connect, and control the server equipment. + +This module defines the JS object related to multi-screen interaction: MultiScreen. + +##### W.2.1 MultiScreen object + +###### W.2.1.1 Method + +###### W.2.1.1.1 startMultiScreenServer + +Prototype: int startMultiScreenServer (String spName, String spDeviceType, String spServiceInfo, String spVersion, String ipaddress, int port, String hostname) + +Description: A Remote interface, starting multi-screen interactive component server. + +Parameter: + +spName – String type, name of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spDeviceType – String type, device type of the multi-screen interactive component server; + +spServiceInfo – String type, service information of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – String type, version of multi-screen interactive component server; + +ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.2 stopMultiScreenServer** + +Prototype: int stopMultiScreenServer() + +Description: A Remote interface, stoping multi-screen interactive component server. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.3 startMultiScreenClient** + +Prototype: int startMultiScreenClient(String clientName) + +Description: A Remote interface, starting multi-screen interactive component client. + +Parameter: clientName – String type, name of the multi-screen interactive component client. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.4 stopMultiScreenClient** + +Prototype: int stopMultiScreenClient() + +Description: A Remote interface, closing the multi-screen interactive component client. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.5 findSPs** + +Prototype: int findSPs() + +Description: A Remote interface, searching the multi-screen interactive service component device under the LAN. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.6 connect** + +Prototype: int connect(String spName, String spDeviceType, String spServiceInfo, String spVersion, String ipaddress, int port, String hostname) + +Description: remote interface, which is connected to the server device of the multi-screen interactive service component under the LAN. + +Parameter: spName – String type, name of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spDeviceType – String type, device type of the multi-screen interactive component server; + +spServiceInfo – String type, service information of multi-screen interactive component server; + +spVersion – String type, version of multi-screen interactive component server; + +ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.7 queryInfo** + +Prototype: int queryInfo(String ipaddress, int port, String hostname, String cmdid, String attribute, String params) + +Description: Remote interface, the multi-screen interactive component client requests to obtain it. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +cmdid – String type, instruction id of the request information; + +attribute – String type, instruction name of the request information; + +params – String type, instruction parameter of the request information. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.8 execCmd** + +Prototype: int execCmd(String ipaddress, int port, String hostname, String cmd, String param) + +Description: Remote interface, the multi-screen interactive component client requests to execute instructions. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +action – String type, key instruction; + +param – String type, parameter attached to the key instruction. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.9 inputKeyCode** + +Prototype: int inputKeyCode(String ipaddress, int port, String hostname, String action, String param) + +Description: Remote interface, the multi-screen interactive component client sends instructions input by virtual keys. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +action – String type, key instruction; + +param – String type, parameters attached to the key instruction. + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +#### **W.2.1.1.10 boardCastAllDevice** + +Prototype: int boardCastAllDevice(String cmd,String param) + +Description: Remote interface, the multi-screen interactive component server sends broadcast to all connected devices. + +Parameter: cmd – String type, broadcast instruction; + +param – String type, parameters attached to the broadcast instruction; + +Return: int type, returning 0 if the remote interface is called successfully, otherwise returning an error code. + +### **W.2.2 Message callback EventHandler** + +``` +interface MultiScreenEvent : Event { + readonly attribute String spName; + readonly attribute String spDeviceType; + readonly attribute String spServiceInfo; + readonly attribute String spVersion; + readonly attribute String ipaddress; + readonly attribute int port; + readonly attribute String hostname; + readonly attribute String id; + readonly attribute String attribute; + readonly attribute String param; + readonly attribute String action; + readonly attribute String cmd; +}; +``` + +#### **W.2.2.1 Method** + +##### **W.2.2.1.1 onSpFounded** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent]EventHandler onSpFounded + +Description: Notifying the Web APP multi-screen interactive component that the service search is completed. + +Parameter: spName – String type, service name of the searched multi-screen interactive component; + +spDeviceType – String type, device type of the searched multi-screen interactive component; + +spServiceInfo – String type, server information of the searched multi-screen interactive component; + +spVersion – String type, server service version of the searched multi-screen interactive component; + +ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +#### **W.2.2.1.2 onConnected** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onConnected + +Description: Notifying the Web APP multi-screen interactive component that the service connection is completed. + +Parameter: spName – String type, service name of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spDeviceType – String type, device type of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spServiceInfo – String type, server information of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spVersion – String type, server service version of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +#### **W.2.2.1.3 onConnectRefused** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onConnectRefused + +Description: Notifying the Web APP multi-screen interactive component that the service connection is refused. + +Parameter: spName – String type, service name of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spDeviceType – String type, device type of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spServiceInfo – String type, server information of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spVersion – String type, service version of the searched multi-screen interactive component server; +ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +#### **W.2.2.1.4 onDisconnected** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onConnectRefused + +Description: Notifying the Web APP multi-screen interactive component that the service connection is refused. + +Parameter: spName – String type, service name of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spDeviceType – String type, device type of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spServiceInfo – String type, server information of the searched multi-screen interactive component; +spVersion – String type, service version of the searched multi-screen interactive component server; +ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +#### **W.2.2.1.5 onServiceActivited** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onServiceActivited + +Description: Notifying the Web APP multi-screen interactive component that the service is activated. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +#### **W.2.2.1.6 onServiceDeactivated** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onServiceDeactivated + +Description: Notifying the Web APP multi-screen interactive component that the service is unregistered. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device. + +#### **W.2.2.1.7 onQueryInfo** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onQueryInfo + +Description: Notifying the Web APP that the data request sent by the client of the multi-screen interactive component has been received. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +id – String type, instruction id of the received request; + +attribute – String type, instruction property of the received request; + +param – String type, parameters attached to the received request. + +#### **W.2.2.1.8 onQueryResponse** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onQueryResponse + +Description: Notifying the Web APP that the multi-screen interactive component server has responded to the data request. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +id – String type, instruction id of the received request; + +attribute – String type, instruction property of the received request; + +param – String type, parameters attached to the received request. + +#### **W.2.2.1.9 onExecute** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onExecute + +Description: Notifying the Web APP that the client of the multi-screen interactive component has sent an execution instruction request. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +cmd – String type, instructions executed; + +param – String type, parameters attached to the instruction executed. + +#### **W.2.2.1.10 onInputKeyCode** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onInputKeyCode + +Description: Notifying the Web APP that the client of the multi-screen interactive component has sent a request to perform key injection. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +cmd – String type, instructions executed; + +param – String type, executing the parameters attached to the instruction. + +#### **W.2.2.1.11 onNotify** + +Prototype: [RuntimeEnabled=MultiScreenEvent] EventHandler onNotify + +Description: Notifying the Web APP that the multi-screen interactive component has received a notification. + +Parameter: ipaddress – String type, ip address of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +port – int type, port number of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +hostname – String type, host name of the searched multi-screen interactive component device; + +cmd – String type, received instruction; + +param – String type, instruction parameter received. + +## Annex X + +### JavaScript-DRM management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### X.1 Overview + +This specification defines JavaScript interfaces of the DRM management module. + +#### X.2 DRM management module + +##### X.2.1 DrmManager object + +Example of using DrmManager object: + +``` +var drmManager=new DrmManager();//create DrmManager object +var uuid=new String("2d7d041436f2a048a0c4c1ccbb64546"); +drmManager.Drm_RegisterApp("unitend",uuid, 0, register_pridata,"unitend",1,0,0);//DRM +APP register +var resultdata=drmManager.Drm_SendCommandToTA(1,"unitend");//send commands to TEE +drmManager.Drm_UnRegisterApp();//unregister DRM APP +``` + +##### X.2.1.1 Message + +The message definition sent by the DRM module to the application layer is shown in Table X.1. + +**Table X.1 – DRM module message definition** + +| Message name | event. which | event. modifiers | Message description | +|--------------------|--------------|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MSG_DRM_LICENSEREQ | 11000 | number | DRM license acquisition message, message character string JSON format: {"DrmLicenseReqData":param1, "DrmLicenseDataLen":param2}. Among them, param1 is the data related to obtaining the license; param2 is the length of the data related to obtaining the license. | +| MSG_DRM_DECRYPTREQ | 11001 | number | DRM decrypt message, message character string JSON format {"DrmDecryptReqData":param1, "DrmDecryptReqDataLen": param2}. Among them, param1 is the relevant data used to decrypt the stream; param2 is the length of the relevant data used to decrypt the stream. | +| MSG_DRM_MESSAGE | 11002 | number | DRM notification message, message character string JSON format: {"DrmMessageType":param1, "DrmMessage":param2, "DrmMessageLen": param3}. Among them, param1 is the type of notification message; param2 is the data transmitted by the notification message; param3 is the length of the data transmitted by the notification message. | + +### **X.2.1.2 Method** + +#### **X.2.1.2.1 Drm\_RegisterApp** + +Prototype: number Drm\_RegisterApp (DrmSystemID, TAUUID register\_commandid,register\_pridata,enflag,licensereq\_commandId,decrypt\_commandId) + +Description: DRM APP registration extension, licensereq and decrypt command ID can be privately defined. + +Parameter: DrmSystemID – string type, indicating the unique identifier of DRM APP; + +TAUUID – string type, indicating the unique identifier of the TApp corresponding to the DRM APP; register\_commandid – number type, indicating the registered commandid for communication with TApp; + +register\_pridata – string type, indicating the private registration data carried by the registration of communication with TApp, which is used for TApp to verify the legality of DRM APP; + +enflag – number type, indicating a decryption call method; + +licensereq\_commandId – number type, indicating the commandid corresponding to the query license; + +decrypt\_commandId – number type, indicating the commandid corresponding to the decrypt data. + +Return: number type, 0 indicating success, non-0 indicating failure. + +#### **X.2.1.2.2 Drm\_UnRegisterApp** + +Prototype: number Drm\_UnRegisterApp() + +Description: DRM APP unregistration. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, 0 indicating success, non-0 indicating failure. + +#### **X.2.1.2.3 Drm\_SendCommandToTA** + +Prototype: string Drm\_SendCommandToTA(commandId, sendData) + +Description: Send commands to TEE. + +Parameter: commandId – string type, indicating the command ID; + +sendData – string type, indicating the data sent. + +Return: string type, returning the TEE processing result in JSON format. + +#### **X.2.1.2.4 Drm\_SendMessageToPlayer** + +Prototype: number Drm\_SendMessageToPlayer(type,message) + +Description: Send a message to the player. + +Parameter: type – number type, indicating the message type; + +Message – string type, indicating message data. + +Return: number type, 0 indicating success, non-0 indicating failure. + +## Annex Y + +### JavaScript-DCAS management unit + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +#### Y.1 Overview + +This annex defines the functional modules related to DCAS management. DCAS client software and application software can be developed through the DCAS JavaScript application programming interface. + +#### Y.2 EPG DCAS module + +This module defines the DCAS module and EPG-related JavaScript objects: EPG\_DCAS object. + +##### Y.2.1 EPG\_DCAS object + +The EPG\_DCAS object is a built-in object, which provides the JavaScript method of the EPG\_DCAS module. + +###### Y.2.1.1 Method + +###### Y.2.1.1.1 getActivationStatus + +Prototype: number getActivationStatus() + +Description: Getting the activation status. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0-indicating it has been activated. Non-0 indicating that the status is unknown. + +###### Y.2.1.1.2 getBeidouInfo + +Prototype: string getBeidouInfo() + +Description: Getting current Beidou information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: String type, the current Beidou information, the character string JSON format is: + +``` +{ + "islocked":param1, + "latitude":param2, + "longitude":param3 + "sat num":param4 + "SNR":param5 +} +``` + +###### Y.2.1.1.3 getCASVersion + +Prototype: string getCASVersion() + +Description: Getting CAS version information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: String type, value: if it is empty, it indicates that the CAS version information is not obtained, and if it is not empty, it indicates that the CAS version information is received. + +#### **Y.2.1.1.4 getCASVendorId** + +Prototype: number getCASVendorId() + +Description: Getting the current CAS vendor ID. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0 indicating that the current CAS vendor ID is not obtained, and non-0 indicating that the current CAS vendor ID is obtained. + +#### **Y.2.1.1.5 getChipID** + +Prototype: string getChipID() + +Description: Getting the chip ID. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: String type, value: if it is empty, it indicates that the chip ID is not obtained, and if it is not empty, it indicates that the chip ID is obtained. + +#### **Y.2.1.1.6 getHSMID** + +Prototype: string getHSMID() + +Description: Getting the HSM chip ID. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: String type, value: if it is empty, it indicates that the HSM chip ID is not obtained, and if it is not empty, it indicates that the HSM chip ID is obtained. + +#### **Y.2.1.1.7 getValidPosition** + +Prototype: string getValidPosition() + +Description: Getting valid location information allowed by the current set-top box. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: String type, value: if it is empty, it indicates that no valid location information is obtained, and if it is not empty, it indicates that valid location information is obtained. The return value is in JSON format: + +``` +{ + "latitude":param1, + "longitude":param2 +} +``` + +#### **Y.2.1.1.8 getPersonalBits** + +Prototype: number getPersonalBits() + +Description: Getting regional personal Bits. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, value: 0 indicating that the regional personal Bits are not obtained, and non-0 indicating that the regional personal Bits are obtained. + +#### Y.2.1.1.9 getZipCode + +Prototype: string getZipCode() + +Description: Getting the region code. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: String type, value: if it is empty, it indicates the area code is not obtained, and if it is not empty, it indicates the area code is obtained. + +### Y.3 DCAS\_APP module + +See Table Y.1 for the description of DCAS\_APP module objects. + +**Table Y.1 – Object description of DCAS\_APP module** + +| Object name | Description | +|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| JSDCAS.CASDescriptor | CA description object, this object is used to express the CA descriptor in PMT or CAT. | +| JSDCAS.CASEcmEvent | ECM event object, this object contains information about ECM events. | +| JSDCAS.CASEmmEvent | ECM event object, this object contains information about EMM events. | +| JSDCAS.CASFilter | Filter object, this object expresses the filter conditions required when filtering in-band or out-of-band EMM. | +| JSDCAS.CASM | The global object of CASM, from which you can access the CAS manager and controller objects. | +| JSDCAS.CASModule | CAS module object interface, implemented by the JS DCAS application, is an interface provided to the platform. | +| JSDCAS.CASModuleManager | CASModuleManager object, this object provides the interface required by JSDCAS application. | +| JSDCAS.CASPacketEvent | CAS data packet event object notifies the JS DCAS application of out-of-band CAS data packet events. | +| JSDCAS.CASSession | CAS Sesion object, the platform generates a CAS Session object for each descrambling request. | +| JSDCAS.CASStatus | CAS status object, through this object, JSDCAS transfers the descrambling status to the platform. | +| JSDCAS.TeeController | TEE control right object, controller for JS DCAS and TEE communication. | +| JSDCAS.TeeRetVal | TEE return object, the object contains data, errors and other information returned from TEE. | + +#### Y.3.1 Application interface call time sequence + +The basic time sequence of the DCAS application interface is shown in Figure Y.1. + +![Sequence diagram showing the basic call time sequence of DCAS application interface. Lifelines: Media, DCAS App, DCAS manager, DTV, DCAS TApp. The sequence involves registration, enabling requests, stopping/starting descrambling, loading ECM, filtering, and returning data.](0ab25171ad1d7c83a10209e78d17bd71_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Media + participant DCAS App + participant DCAS manager + participant DTV + participant DCAS TApp + + DCAS App->>DCAS manager: registerCASModule + DCAS App->>DCAS manager: enableDescramblingRequests + Media->>DCAS manager: DCASAL_stopDescrambling + DCAS manager-->>DCAS App: onStopDescrambling + Media->>DCAS manager: DCASAL_startDescrambling + DCAS manager-->>DCAS App: onStartDescrambling + DCAS App->>DCAS manager: startEcmLoading + DCAS manager->>DTV: DTVAL_startFiltering + DTV-->>DCAS manager: ECM filtered + DCAS manager-->>DCAS App: onEcmEvent + DCAS App->>DCAS manager: sendCommandToTEE + DCAS manager->>DCAS TApp: TEE_Client_API + DCAS TApp->>DCAS TApp: loadCW + DCAS TApp-->>DCAS manager: Return data + DCAS manager-->>DCAS App: Return data + DCAS App->>DCAS manager: sendDescramblingEvent + DCAS manager-->>Media: sendCASEvent + +``` + +J.1206(23) + +Sequence diagram showing the basic call time sequence of DCAS application interface. Lifelines: Media, DCAS App, DCAS manager, DTV, DCAS TApp. The sequence involves registration, enabling requests, stopping/starting descrambling, loading ECM, filtering, and returning data. + +**Figure Y.1 – Basic call time sequence of DCAS application interface** + +### Y.3.2 JSDCAS.CASDescriptor object + +This object is used to express the CA descriptor in PMT or CAT. + +#### Y.3.2.1 Method + +##### Y.3.2.1.1 getCasId + +Prototype: number getCasId() + +Description: This method is provided by the terminal software platform and returns the CASID in the CA descriptor. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating CASID. + +##### Y.3.2.1.2 getPid + +Prototype: number getPid() + +Description: Returning PID in the CA descriptor. If the descriptor comes from CAT, it indicates EMM PID. If the descriptor comes from PMT, it indicates ECM PID. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, return ECMPID. + +##### Y.3.2.1.3 getPrivateData + +Prototype: Uint8Array getPrivateData() + +Description: Returning the private data in the CA descriptor, and the private data is returned in the form of Uint8Array. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type, indicating private data. + +### **Y.3.3 JSDCAS.CASEcmEvent object** + +This object contains information about ECM events, which are passed to the JS DCAS application through CASModule.onEcmEvent or CASModuleManager.onStartDescrambling. It can express that ECM packet is received, or timed out, or an internal error in the filter. + +#### **Y.3.3.1 Method** + +##### **Y.3.3.1.1 getEcmData** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getEcmData() + +Description: Returning complete ECM data. If it is a timeout or an internal error for the event, null is returned. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type, indicating ECM data. + +##### **Y.3.3.1.2 getError** + +Prototype: number getError() + +Description: Error when returning the internal Section Filter filter. Only used for debugging. This method can only be called when the event does not provide any other information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, error message. + +##### **Y.3.3.1.3 getTableId** + +Prototype: number getTableId() + +Description: Table ID when returning the ECM packet. This method can only be called when the event provides ECM data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating TableID. + +##### **Y.3.3.1.4 isTimeout** + +Prototype: boolean isTimeout() + +Description: Whether it is timed out when returning the getting of the first ECM packet. The timeout period can be set in CASModuleManager.enableDescramblingRequests. This method can only be called when the event does not provide ECM data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true-timeout; false-no timeout. + +### **Y.3.4 JSDCAS.CASEmmEvent object** + +This object contains information about EMM events, which are passed to the JS DCAS application through CASModule.onInBandEmmEvent. This event may be received because of the receiving of CAT or any EMM packet, or an internal filter error. + +#### **Y.3.4.1 Method** + +##### **Y.3.4.1.1 getEmmData** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getEmmData() + +Description: Returning complete EMM data. If the event is caused by CAT update, or caused by an internal error, null is returned. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type, EMM data. + +##### **Y.3.4.1.2 getError** + +Prototype: number getError() + +Description: Error when returning the internal Section Filter filter. Only used for debugging. This method can only be called when the event does not provide any other information. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, error message. + +##### **Y.3.4.1.3 getTableId** + +Prototype: number getTableId() + +Description: Table ID when returning the EMM packet. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating TableID. + +##### **Y.3.4.1.4 isCatUpdateNotification** + +Prototype: boolean isCatUpdateNotification() + +Description: Whether the return event is caused by CAT update, if it is caused by CAT update, the EMM data should be empty. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type. + +–true – the event is caused by a CAT update; + +–false – the event is caused by any EMM packet, or caused by an internal error. + +#### **Y.3.5 JSDCAS.CASFilter object** + +This object is used to express the Section Filter filter conditions required when filtering in-band or out-of-band EMM. The platform should only call the CAS Module when the data packet matches the filter conditions. For those data packets that do not meet the conditions, they should be discarded by the platform, and the JS DCAS application should not be called. CASFilter objects (or object arrays) can be set to the platform through CASModuleManager.startCasPacketLoading and CASModuleManager.startInbandEmmLoading. Filter conditions include: + +1. Offset in bytes. The data before the offset will be ignored and will not participate in the comparison. +2. Value used to compare with the data received by the platform, expressed in Bitmap. +3. It is used to express which bits need to participate in the comparison. For the bits set to 0 in the Bitmap, no comparison is required. + +### **Y.3.5.1 Method** + +#### **Y.3.5.1.1 getBitmapMask** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getBitmapMask() + +Description: Returning the filter mask. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type, return the filter mask. + +#### **Y.3.5.1.2 getBitmapValue** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getBitmapValue() + +Description: Returning bitmap value used for comparison. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type, return the bitmap value. + +#### **Y.3.5.1.3 getOffset** + +Prototype: number getOffset() + +Description: Returning offset (in bytes). + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the offset. + +### **Y.3.6 JSDCAS.CASM object** + +CASM is a global object, from which all CAS Manager and Controller objects can be accessed. + +#### **Y.3.6.1 Method** + +##### **Y.3.6.1.1 getCASModuleManager** + +Prototype: JSDCAS.CASModuleManager getCASModuleManager() + +Description: Returning CASModuleManager object instance. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: CASModuleManager object. + +##### **Y.3.6.1.2 getTeeController** + +Prototype: JSDCAS.TeeController getTeeController() + +Description: Returning TeeController object instance. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: TeeController object. + +### **Y.3.7 JSDCAS.CASModule object** + +CASModule is an interface of CAS module objects, which should be implemented by JS DCAS application and registered in the CAS Module Manager of the platform to receive descrambling requests, ECM, EMM or any metadata that the JS DCAS application cares about. EMM can be obtained in-band or out-of-band. Determined by the end-to-end design and the capabilities of the platform and equipment. + +### **Y.3.7.1 Method** + +#### **Y.3.7.1.1 getCasId** + +Prototype: number getCasId() + +Description: Returning the unique CASID of the CAS module. This method must be implemented before calling CASModuleManager.registerCASModule. The returned value is the value expected to appear in CA descriptor in CAT or PMT. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating CASID. + +#### **Y.3.7.1.2 onCasPacketEvent** + +Prototype: onCasPacketEvent(casPacketEvent) + +Description: The platform calls this method when it receives out-of-band EMM (or other out-of-band CAS data packets), refer to CASModuleManager.startCasPacketLoading. + +Parameter: casPacketEvent – CASPacketEvent object, which contains the CASPacketEvent object instance of the out-of-band EMM or other out-of-band CAS data packets. + +#### **Y.3.7.1.3 onEcmEvent** + +Prototype: onEcmEvent(casSession,ecmEvent) + +Description: After the platform filters the new ECM packet, call this method of the JS DCAS application. In fast mode, the platform calls this method after setting CW in ECM to K-LAD. + +Parameter: casSession – CASSession object, CAS Session object obtained from CASModule.onStartDescrambling. + +CASEcmEvent ecmEvent-ECM event object. + +#### **Y.3.7.1.4 onInbandEmmEvent** + +Prototype: onInbandEmmEvent(casSessionForEMM,emmEvent) + +Description: The platform calls this method when it receives a CAT update or in-band EMM. Refer to CASModuleManager.startInbandEmmLoading. + +Parameter: casSessionForEMM – A CASSession object, a special CAS Session, this session is related to the TS where the CAT is located, and it also contains the CA descriptor in the CAT (not the CA descriptor in the PMT). The platform should create a CAS Session specifically for this purpose. Note that this CAS Session object may only have some fields valid. Note: If the CA descriptor of the CAS is not specified in the CAT, or the terminal leaves the current frequency point, the CAT update event will still be sent JS DCAS application, but CAS Session is null. + +emmEvent – CASEmmEvent object, which contains CAT update or EMM, or other wrong CASEmmEvent object instances. + +#### **Y.3.7.1.5 onStartDescrambling** + +Prototype: onStartDescrambling(casSession,firstEcmEvent) + +Description: This method is called by the platform when there is a new descrambling request. It usually happens when the platform starts playing a new scrambled channel. JS DCAS application will receive this descrambling request only upon CASModuleManager.enableDescramblingRequests being called. In the auto-load mode, the platform will automatically start filtering the first ECM, and call this method after receiving the ECM. In this case, the JS DCAS application does not need to call CASModuleManager.startEcmLoading. If the device has multiple Tuners, this method may be called multiple times at the same time, each time corresponding to a playback descrambling request. Each + +request will have a different CAS Session. In addition, if the basic stream scrambling method of the service that needs to be descrambled is different, this method may also be called multiple times. Similarly, each call also has a different CAS Session. + +Parameter: `casSession` – A `CASSession` object, CAS Session object generated by the platform for a specific descrambling request. Each object has a unique session ID, and all information about the service and the basic stream. It also contains the CA descriptor corresponding to this CAS module in the PMT. + +`firstEcmEvent` – A `CASEcmEvent` object, in auto-load mode, the first ECM packet received by the platform (or timeout, error). If it is not in auto-load mode, it is empty. + +#### **Y.3.7.1.6 onStopDescrambling** + +Prototype: `onStopDescrambling(casSession)` + +Description: The platform calls this method when it stops playing the current channel to notify the JS DCAS application to stop descrambling. + +Parameter: `casSession` – A `CASSession` object, CAS Session obtained in `CASModule.onStartDescrambling`. + +### **Y.3.8 JSDCAS.CASModuleManager object** + +JS DCAS application uses this CAS Module Manager object to receive descrambling requests, ECM, EMM, and report CAS descrambling status. The JS DCAS application should implement the CAS Module object, and then register it to the CAS Module Manager. + +#### **Y.3.8.1 Method** + +##### **Y.3.8.1.1 disableDescramblingRequests** + +Prototype: `number disableDescramblingRequests(casModule)` + +Description: This method is called by a JSDCAS application to stop receiving descrambling requests. This method rarely has a chance to be called. For example, when the application needs to reconfigure the descrambling request parameters, it needs to call this method to suspend the receiving, and then restart the receiving. Or the application wishes to close itself. Recall `CASManager.enableDescramblingRequests` to restart receiving. + +Parameter: `casModule` – `CASModule` object, CAS module instance. + +Return: number type. + +`success` – `CASModuleManager.ACTION_OK`. + +`failure` – Returning the following error values: +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS` – invalid parameter; +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER` – low-level error. + +##### **Y.3.8.1.2 enableDescramblingRequests** + +Prototype: `number enableDescramblingRequests(casModule, firstEcmTimeout, autoLoadFirstEcm, isFastMode, ecmTableIds)` + +Description: JS DCAS application starts to receive descrambling requests by calling this method. Through different parameters, different working modes between the platform CAS Manager and the CAS module can be configured. This method is usually only called after the CAS module is registered, because usually the JS DCAS application will not change this way of working. If the JS DCAS application wants to change this working mode, it needs to call `CASModuleManager.disableDescramblingRequests` first, and then call this method again. + +Parameter: `casModule` – A `CASModule` object, CAS module instance; + +`firstEcmTimeout` – number type, in milliseconds, the longest time the platform waits for the first ECM. If it times out, the CAS module will receive the `CASEcmEvent` through the `onEcmEvent` call or the `onStartDescrambling` call; + +`autoLoadFirstEcm` – boolean type, specify whether it is auto-load mode or not. Auto-load mode indicates that the platform automatically starts to filter the first ECM after the JS DCAS application calls this method, without waiting for the JS DCAS application to call `startEcmLoading`. + +`isFastMode` – boolean type, fast mode (temporarily only a placeholder, and has no practical meaning); + +`ecmTableIds` – Array type, if the JS DCAS application wants to specify `tableID` of ECM. + +Return: number type. + +`success` – `CASModuleManager.ACTION_OK`. + +`failure` – Returning the following error values: + +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS` – invalid parameter; + +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED` – the platform does not implement a specific mode; + +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER` – low-level error. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.3 fetchDataFromCasHeadend** + +Prototype: number `fetchDataFromCasHeadend(casModule,inputData,casHeURI)` + +Description: This method is called by JS DCAS application to obtain data from the headend, via the platform, via GPRS, or other possible means in the future. + +Parameter: `casModule` – A `CASModule` object, CAS module instance. + +`inputData` – `Uint8Array` type, data to be sent to the headend. + +`casHeURI` – String type, URI of the headend service. + +Return: number type. + +`success` – Data returned by the headend. + +`failure` – Returning the following error values: + +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS` – invalid parameter; + +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER` – low-level error; + +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED` – Method not supported; + +`CASModuleManager.ACTION_ERROR_NETWORK` – Network error. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.4 registerCASModule** + +Prototype: number `registerCASModule(vendorId,casModule,networkPriority,applicationContext)` + +Description: A JS DCAS application, registering itself in the CAS Module Manager of the platform by calling this method. + +Parameter: `vendorId` – number type, Vendor Id of CAS. Each CAS manufacturer has a unique special ID. + +`casModule` – `CASModule` object, CAS module instance to be registered. + +`networkPriority` – number type, if `CASModuleManager` allows registration of more than one CAS module, this optional parameter expresses the priority between multiple modules, and the specific + +value is determined by the operator. The greater the absolute value, the higher the priority, for example, the priority of 3 is higher than 2. After knowing the priority, when the platform encounters a situation where there are multiple CA descriptors in the PMT, it should send a descrambling request to the CAS module with the highest priority according to the priority. If the operator does not set the priority, each JS DCAS application must use 0 as a parameter. In this case, which CAS module can receive the descrambling request is determined by the implementation of the platform. + +applicationContext – Platform-related application parameters. Usually this parameter is told to the application by the platform when it is initialized. The usage of this parameter is project-dependent. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_SECURITY – the caller does not have permission to access CASModuleManager; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.5 removeCASModule** + +Prototype: number removeCASModule(vendorId,casModule,applicationContext) + +Description: This method is called by a JS DCAS application to delete a CAS module from the CAS Module Manager. This method is rarely called, for example, before the application wants to change a CAS ID or before the application closes itself. + +Parameter: vendorId – number type, VendorId of CAS. Each CAS manufacturer has a unique special ID. + +casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance to be registered. + +applicationContext – Platform-related application parameters. Usually this parameter is told to the application by the platform when it is initialized. The usage of this parameter is project-dependent. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_SECURITY – the caller does not have permission. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.6 sendCommandToSTB** + +Prototype: number sendCommandToSTB(casModule,inputData) + +Description:A Data channel function. This method is called by a JS DCAS application to send data to DCAS Manager, DCAS Manager forwards commands to the corresponding module for processing, these commands include OSD, upgrade trigger, fingerprint, emergency broadcast, ratings survey, etc., these commands are sent by BOSS, DCAS is only responsible for forwarding and is used as a data channel. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance to be registered. + +inputData – Uint8Array type, data to be sent to the DCAS manager. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_NETWORK – Network error. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.7 sendDataToHeadend** + +Prototype: number sendDataToHeadend(casModule,inputData) + +Description: This method is called by JS DCAS application to send data to the headend via the platform, via GPRS, or other possible means in the future. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance to be registered. + +inputData – Uint8Array type, data to be sent to the headend. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_NETWORK – Network error. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.8 sendDescramblingEvent** + +Prototype: number sendDescramblingEvent(casModule,casSession,casStatus) + +Description: This method is called by a JS DCAS application to report CAS status. CAS status includes the success or failure of descrambling. Every time the status changes, JS DCAS should report the status. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +casSession – CASSession object, CASSession obtained from CASModule.onStartDescrambling. + +casStatus – CASStatus object, CASStatus object generated by JSDCAS application. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.9 sendFreeTextOSD** + +Prototype: number sendFreeTextOSD(casModule,inputData,flags) + +Description: JS DCAS application forwards the received text information to the platform by calling this method. The platform may forward this text information to the UI application or process it by itself. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +inputData – Uint8Array type, text information. + +flags – ArrayBuffer type, used to display additional information such as format, project-related. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.10 setCCIBits** + +Prototype: number setCCIBits(casModule,casSession,cciBits) + +Description: Setting CCI (Copy Control Information) data bit. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +casSession – CASSession object, CAS Session obtained from CASModule.onSTartDescrambling. + +cciBits – number type, CCI data bit. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.11 setData** + +Prototype: number setData(casModule, propertyId, propertyType, propertyValue) + +Description: DCAS APP sets property values for the platform, including BouquetID, activation status, CAS information, Beidou information, ChipID, HSMID, CASVendorID, area code, CA version, etc. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance; + +propertyId – number type, property ID, see JSDCAS.CASModuleManager.PROP\_ID\_xxx; + +propertyType – number type, property type, see JSDCAS.CASModuleManager.PROP\_TYPE\_xxx; + +propertyValue – number type, property value. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter ; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.12 setPinCode** + +Prototype: number setPinCode(casModule, pinCode) + +Description: Notifying the platform to reset PIN. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +pinCode – number type, PIN code. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.13 setServiceListFilter** + +Prototype: number setServiceListFilter(casModule,filterData) + +Description: Setting the filter conditions of the service list. The definitions of the filter conditions are platform-dependent. + +Parameter: casModule – A CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +filterData – number type, filter condition. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.14 startCasPacketLoading** + +Prototype: number startCasPacketLoading(casModule,cableModemFilter,sourceURL,casFilter) + +Description: This method is called by a JS DCAS application to start receiving out-of-band CAS data packets. CAS data packets can be EMM or other out-of-band metadata. The receiving method is determined by the device hardware, platform, network, etc. For device with Cable Modem, it can be received under ADSG or BDSG protocol, and it can also be received by adding a multicast address through IP over Cable. For IP television (IPTV) device, it can be received by adding a multicast address via Ethernet or Wifi. It can also be received via a local UDP socket. In either case, JS DCAS applications can perform processing through CASModule.onCasPacketEvent when receiving CAS data packets. + +NOTE – The platform may implement receiving of data packets from multiple different sources at the same time. In this case, this method may be called multiple times from different URLs. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +cableModemFilter – number type, in the case of Cable Modem and DSG tunnelID, a filter must be provided. In the case of non-DSG, this parameter should be null. + +sourceURL – String type, if data packets are received from UDP, this parameter needs to be provided. "udp://@127.0.0.1:4444" or "udp://@localhost:4444" is received from local UDP port. + +casFilter – CASFilter object, filter condition, it can be a CASFilter array. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.15 startEcmLoading** + +Prototype: number startEcmLoading(casModule,casSession) + +Description: JS DCAS application initiates the receiving of ECM of a specific scrambled program by calling this method and calls it after receiving the scramble request. + +NOTE – In auto-load mode, there is no need to call this method. + +Parameter: casModule – A CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +casSession – CASSession object, CASSession obtained from CASModule.onSTartDescrambling. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.16 startInbandEmmLoading** + +Prototype: number startInbandEmmLoading(casModule,emmTableIds,casFilter, includeCatNotifications) + +Description: This method is called by a JS DCAS application to start receiving in-band EMM. If required by JS DCAS application, it can also be used to receive CAT. When there is EMM or CAT update, the JS DCAS application receives data through CASModule.onInbandEmmEvent. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +emmTableIds – Array type, EMM Table Id array. + +casFilter – CASFilter|Array type, CAS filter. Only the data that meets the conditions will be notified to the application by the platform, and it is also possible to pass a Filter array. + +includeCatNotifications – boolean type, specify whether CAT update notification is expected to be received. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_ACTION\_NOT\_SUPPORTED – Method not supported. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.17 stopCasPacketLoading** + +Prototype: number stopCasPacketLoading(casModule,cableModemFilter,sourceURL) + +Description: This method is called by a JS DCAS application to stop receiving out-of-band CAS data packets. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +cableModemFilter – number|string type, required by Cable Modem. + +sourceURL – String type, required when receiving via UDP. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.18 stopEcmLoading** + +Prototype: number stopEcmLoading(casModule,casSession) + +Description: JS DCAS application stops receiving ECM by calling this method. JS DCAS applications rarely have the opportunity to call this method. If ECM receiving is expected to be restarted, CASManager.startEcmLoading needs to be recalled again. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +casSession – CASession object, CASession obtained from CASModule.onSTartDescrambling. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error. + +#### **Y.3.8.1.19 stopInbandEmmLoading** + +Prototype: number stopInbandEmmLoading(casModule) + +Description: JS DCAS application stops receiving in-band EMM by calling this method. This method rarely needs to be called. Recall CASManager.startInbandEmmLoading to restart receiving. + +Parameter: casModule – CASModule object, CAS module instance. + +Return: number type. + +success – CASModuleManager.ACTION\_OK. + +failure – Returning the following error values: + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_INVALID\_PARAMETERS – invalid parameter; + +CASModuleManager.ACTION\_ERROR\_DRIVER – low-level error. + +### **Y.3.9 JSDCAS.CASPacketEvent object** + +It is used to notify the JS DCAS application of out-of-band CAS data packet events. + +#### **Y.3.9.1 Method** + +##### **Y.3.9.1.1 getCableModemFilter** + +Prototype: number|string getCableModemFilter() + +Description: Returning cableModemFilter used to filter this packet. If Cable Modem DSG is not used, it returns empty. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number|string type. + +ADSG mode – return CAS Tunner ID, number type. + +BDSG mode – Returning virtual MAC address. + +#### **Y.3.9.1.2 getPacketData** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getPacketData() + +Description: Returning the data in the data packet. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type. + +#### **Y.3.9.1.3 getPacketHeader** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getPacketHeader() + +Description: Returning the header of the data packet. The header contains the IP address and UDP header. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type. + +#### **Y.3.9.1.4 getSourceURL** + +Prototype: string getSourceURL() + +Description: Returning the source address of the CAS packet received via UDP. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: string type, source address character string. + +### **Y.3.10 JSDCAS.CASSession object** + +The platform generates a CAS Session object for each descrambling request. It contains the unique session ID, and all the information about the broadcast program, and also contains the CA descriptor related to this descrambling in the PMT. For each descrambling request, the JS DCAS application obtains the CAS Session through CASModule.onStartDescrambling. The CASSession object can also be used in the scenario of receiving CAT update messages. In this scenario, only some fields of the CASSession object are valid. + +#### **Y.3.10.1 Method** + +##### **Y.3.10.1.1 GetCasDescriptor** + +Prototype: CASDescriptor getCasDescriptor() + +Description: Returning CA descriptor, which may be from PMT or CAT. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: CASDescriptor object, CA descriptor object instance. + +##### **Y.3.10.1.2 getChannelNumber** + +Prototype: number getChannelNumber() + +Description: Returning channel number. This method is optional, especially for those platforms that cannot determine the channel number, it can return 0. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, channel number. + +##### **Y.3.10.1.3 getNetworkId** + +Prototype: number getNetworkId() + +Description: Returning original network ID. This method is optional, if the platform is not available, it can return 0. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, original network ID. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.4 getOperationType** + +Prototype: number GetOperationType() + +Description: Returning operation type. + +Parameter: None., + +Return: number type, operation type value: + +CASSession.OPERATION\_TYPE\_PRESENTATION ; + +CASSession.OPERATION\_TYPE\_RECORDING ; + +CASSession.OPERATION\_TYPE\_BUFFERING ; + +CASSession.OPERATION\_TYPE\_SECOND\_DEVICE. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.5 getProgramNumber** + +Prototype: number getProgramNumber() + +Description: Returning program number. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, program number. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.6 getServiceIdentifier** + +Prototype: number getServiceIdentifier() + +Description: Returning identifier of the service being descrambled, which is a value or an object; + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, identifier of service. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.7 getSessionId** + +Prototype: number getSessionId() + +Description: Returning SessionID. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating SessionID. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.8 getStreamPath** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getStreamPath() + +Description: Returning StreamPath data. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type, indicating StreamPath data. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.9 getStreamPIDs** + +Prototype: Array getStreamPIDs() + +Description: Returning Stream PIDs list. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Array type, PID list. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.10 getStreamTypes** + +Prototype: Array getStreamTypes() + +Description: Returning StreamTypes list. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Array type, Streamtypes list. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.11 getTransmitterScramblingMode** + +Prototype: number getTransmitterScramblingMode() + +Description: Returning scrambling mode value. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, scrambling mode. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.12 getTransportStreamId** + +Prototype: number getTransportStreamId() + +Description: Returning TSID being descrambled. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating TSID. + +#### **Y.3.10.1.13 getTunerId** + +Prototype: number getTunerId() + +Description: Returning TunerID used by the program being descrambled. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating TunerID. + +### **Y.3.11 JSDCAS.CASStatus object** + +#### **Y.3.11.1 Overview of the JSDCAS.CASStatus object** + +JS DCAS application transmits the descrambling state to the platform through this object. Every time there is a change in the descrambling state, the JS DCAS application should call CASModuleManager.sendDescramblingEvent to notify the platform. After the platform receives this status change, it can handle it by itself or forward it to the UI application. The UI application can simply pop up the OSD to notify the user of the success or failure of the descrambling, and can also parse the additional information in the CASStatus object to show the specific reason for the failure. These additional information formats are project-related. If the JS DCAS application does not have additional information, the UI application obtains the Token in the CASStatus object and can also use this Token to communicate with the JS DCAS application through the means provided by IPC or other platforms to obtain more information. + +#### **Y.3.11.2 Method** + +##### **Y.3.11.2.1 getCasToken** + +Prototype: number getCasToken() + +Description: Returning CAS Token. If the platform forwards the CASStatus information to the UI application, the UI application can use this Token to initiate a request to the JS DCAS application to + +obtain more detailed status information. The method of request is determined by the platform, such as IPC. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, return Token. + +#### **Y.3.11.2.2 getMajorContentProblem** + +Prototype: number getMajorContentProblem() + +Description: Returning main error value where the program cannot be watched. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, error message. + +#### **Y.3.11.2.3 getStatusData** + +Prototype: ArrayBuffer getStatusData() + +Description: Returning extended data in descrambling state. With extended data, the UI application can display more detailed information about the descrambling state. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: ArrayBuffer type, indicating extended data. If there is no extended data available, null should be returned. + +#### **Y.3.11.2.4 isSuccess** + +Prototype: boolean isSuccess() + +Description: Returning whether descrambling is successful or not. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: boolean type, true-success, false-failure. + +### **Y.3.12 JSDCAS.TeeController object** + +Controller for JS DCAS and TEE communication. + +#### **Y.3.12.1 Method** + +##### **Y.3.12.1.1 sendCommandToTEE** + +Prototype: TeeRetVal + +sendCommandToTEE(teeAppUUID,commandId,inputData,applicationContext) + +Description: JS DCAS application uses this method to send commands to TA running in TEE. + +Parameter: + +teeAppUUID – Uint8Array type, UUID of TA, 16 bytes. Each CA manufacturer has a different ID. + +commandId – number type, Command ID in TEE communication. Defined by each CA manufacturer. + +inputData – Uint8Array type, data sent to TA. + +applicationContext – Application context, platform related. It is usually provided to the application by the platform during initialization. + +Return: TeeRetVal object, this object contains information such as data and errors returned from TA. + +### **Y.3.13 JSDCAS.TeeRetVal class** + +This object is returned by TeeController.sendCommandToTEE. The object contains information such as data and errors returned from the TEE. + +### **Y.3.13.1 Method** + +#### **Y.3.13.1.1 getOriginCode** + +Prototype: number getOriginCode() + +Description: Returning origin code. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating origincode. + +#### **Y.3.13.1.2 getResponseData** + +Prototype: Uint8Array getResponseData() + +Description: Getting data returned from TA. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: Uint8Array type, data returned from TA. It can be null for some commands. If there is an error in the call or communication, null is also returned. + +#### **Y.3.13.1.3 getReturnCode** + +Prototype: number getReturnCode() + +Description: Returning code. + +Parameter: None. + +Return: number type, indicating the return code. + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.205] Recommendation ITU-T J.205 (2012), *Requirements for an application control framework using integrated broadcast and broadband digital television.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1033] Recommendation ITU-T J.1033 (2020), *Downloadable conditional access system for bidirectional networks – The terminal.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1203] Recommendation ITU-T J.1203 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Specification.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1204] Recommendation ITU-T J.1204 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Security framework.* +- [b-ITU-T J.1205] Recommendation ITU-T J.1205 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Hardware abstract layer application programming interface.* + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git 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featuring the letters 'ITU' in blue inside a circle with a globe-like grid pattern. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +## Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX - PART 2 | J.1290-J.1299 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| CLOUD-BASED SERVICES FOR IP DELIVERY OVER INTEGRATED BROADBAND CABLE NETWORK | J.1310-J.1319 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1207 + +# Smart television operating system – Conformance test + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1207 specifies the conformance test for a smart TV operating system over integrated broadcast and broadband cable networks. A smart TV operating system is intended to be installed in an integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB)-capable cable set-top box (STB) and TV, enabling both broadcasting and IP-based interactive services provided by cable television operators and third-party providers. By running a smart TV operating system, the IBB-capable cable STB and TV will be able to intelligently provide subscribers with advanced and personalized services. This is achieved through download and installation of advanced and personalized apps from both cable operators' platforms and third-party platforms, which are interconnected with the related cable operators' platforms. + +Conformance to the smart TV operating system means adherence to the relevant requirements of ITU-T J.1201, ITU-T J.1202, ITU-T J.1203, ITU-T J.1204, ITU-T J.1205 and ITU-T J.1206. + +The TVOS platform should meet the conformity requirements for functionality and architecture, security, performance, and interfaces as described in this Recommendation. + +## History\* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1207 | 2024-10-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/16193 | + +## Keywords + +Conformance test, smart TV operating system, TVOS. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, and information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2025 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 4 | +| 6 | Conformance approach in this Recommendation..... | 4 | +| 7 | Conformity requirements..... | 4 | +| 7.1 | Function and architecture conformity requirements..... | 4 | +| 7.2 | Security conformity requirements ..... | 6 | +| 7.3 | Performance conformity requirements ..... | 8 | +| 7.4 | Interface conformity requirements ..... | 8 | +| 8 | Test methods ..... | 8 | +| 8.1 | Test environment ..... | 8 | +| 8.2 | Test devices ..... | 15 | +| 8.3 | Test process ..... | 17 | +| Annex A | – Conformance test of TVOS JAVA application programming interface ..... | 40 | +| A.1 | Conformance test of unidirectional broadcast network access unit interface ..... | 40 | +| A.2 | Conformance test of broadcasting protocol processing unit interface ..... | 48 | +| A.3 | Conformance test of access unit interfaces for two-way broadband networks ..... | 82 | +| A.4 | Conformance test of HCI unit interface ..... | 95 | +| A.5 | Conformance test of audio video (AV) setting unit interface ..... | 102 | +| A.6 | Conformance test of media processing unit interface ..... | 120 | +| A.7 | Conformance test of system management unit interface..... | 138 | +| A.8 | Conformance test of application engine unit interface..... | 163 | +| A.9 | Conformance test of multi-screen interactive unit interfaces..... | 205 | +| A.10 | Conformance test of DRM management unit interface..... | 220 | +| A.11 | Conformance test of DCAS unit interface..... | 223 | +| Annex B | – Conformance test of TVOS WEB application programming interface..... | 242 | +| B.1 | Conformance test of one-way broadcast network access unit interface..... | 242 | +| B.2 | Conformance test of broadcast protocol processing unit interface..... | 248 | +| B.3 | Conformance test of two-way broadband network access unit interface ..... | 271 | +| B.4 | Conformance test of HCI unit interfaces ..... | 284 | +| B.5 | Conformance test of AV setting unit interface..... | 286 | +| B.6 | Conformance test of media processing unit interface ..... | 304 | + +| | Page | | +|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----| +| B.7 | Conformance test of application management unit interface ..... | 312 | +| B.8 | Conformance test of message management unit interface ..... | 314 | +| B.9 | Conformance test of system management unit interface..... | 315 | +| B.10 | Conformance test of application engine unit interfaces ..... | 342 | +| B.11 | Conformance test of the broadcast information service management unit
interface ..... | 368 | +| B.12 | Conformance test of multi-screen interactive unit interface ..... | 375 | +| B.13 | Conformance test of DRM management unit interface..... | 385 | +| B.14 | Conformance test of DCAS management unit interface ..... | 387 | +| Annex C – | Conformance test of hardware abstraction interfaces..... | 408 | +| C.1 | Conformance test of specialized hardware abstraction interfaces for
media processing ..... | 408 | + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1207 + +## Smart television operating system – Conformance test + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the conformance test for a smart TV operating system over integrated broadcast and broadband cable networks. The smart TV operating system is intended to be installed in an integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB)-capable cable set-top box (STB) and TV, enabling both broadcasting and IP-based interactive services provided by cable television operators and third-party providers. By running the smart TV operating system, the IBB-capable cable STB and TV will be able to intelligently provide subscribers with advanced and personalized services. This is achieved through the downloading and installation of a range of innovative apps from both cable operators' platforms and third-party platforms, which are interconnected with the related cable operators' platforms. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.205] Recommendation ITU-T J.205 (2012), *Requirements for an application control framework using integrated broadcast and broadband digital television*. +- [ITU-T J.1201] Recommendation ITU-T J.1201 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Functional requirements*. +- [ITU-T J.1202] Recommendation ITU-T J.1202 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Architecture*. +- [ITU-T J.1203] Recommendation ITU-T J.1203 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Specification*. +- [ITU-T J.1204] Recommendation ITU-T J.1204 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Security framework*. +- [ITU-T J.1205] Recommendation ITU-T J.1205 (2022), *Smart television operating system – Hardware abstract layer application programming interface*. +- [ITU-T J.1206] Recommendation ITU-T J.1206 (2024), *Smart television operating system – Application programming interface*. +- [ISO 639] ISO 639:2023, *Code for individual languages and language groups*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 integrated broadcast and broadband (IBB) DTV service** [ITU-T J.205]: A service that simultaneously provides an integrated experience of broadcasting and interactivity relating to media + +content, data and applications from multiple sources, where the interactivity is sometimes associated with broadcasting programmes. + +**3.1.2 smart television operating system (TVOS)** [ITU-T J.1201]: A system software running on an integrated broadcast and broadband-capable (IBB-capable) cable set top box (STB) and television (TV) that is capable of managing hardware, software and data resources of the IBB-capable cable STB and TV, supporting and controlling the application software execution. + +## **3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation** + +None. + +# **4 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| AV | Audio Video | +| AVI | Audio Video Interleave | +| BSSID | Basic Service Set Identifier | +| CA | Conditional Access | +| CAS | Conditional Access System | +| CAT | Conditional Access Table | +| CPU | Central Processing Unit | +| CW | Control Word | +| DCAS | Downloadable Conditional Access System | +| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | +| DNS | Domain Name System | +| DTV | Digital Television | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| DSM-CC | Digital Storage Media/Command and Control | +| DTMB | Digital Television Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast | +| DVB | Digital Video Broadcasting | +| DVB-C | Digital Video Broadcasting – Cable | +| ECM | Entitlement Control Message | +| EIT | Event Information Table | +| EMM | Entitlement Management Message | +| EPG | Electronic Programme Guide | +| ES | Elementary Stream | +| FLV | Flash Video | +| HDMI | High-Definition Multimedia Interface | +| HDR | High Dynamic Range | +| HLS | HTTP Live Streaming | +| HTML5 | Hyper Text Markup Language 5.0 | + +| | | +|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------| +| HTTP | Hyper Text Transfer Protocol | +| HTTPS | Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure | +| ID | Identifier | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPQAM | Internet Protocol Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| IPTV | IP Television | +| LAN | Local Area Network | +| M3UA | MTP 3 User Adaptation layer | +| MAC | Media Access Control | +| MP3 | MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 | +| MP4 | MPEG-4 Part 14 | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| MPEG-DASH | MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP | +| NIT | Network Information Table | +| NVM | Non-Volatile Memory | +| OSD | On-Screen Display | +| OTA | Over The Air | +| PAT | Programme Association Table | +| PID | Packet Identifier | +| PMT | Programme Mapping Table | +| PPPOE | Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet | +| PSI | Programme Service Information | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| RAM | Random Access Memory | +| REE | Rich Execution Environment | +| SD card | Secure Digital Memory Card | +| SDT | Service Description Table | +| SI | Service Information | +| SPDIF | Sony/Philips Digital Interconnect Format | +| SSID | Service Set Identifier | +| TA | Trusted Application | +| TDT | Time Date Table | +| TEE | Trusted Execution Environment | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| TOT | Time of Transmission | +| TVOS | Television Operating System | +| TVOS-C | Dual-Platform Version of a Smart Television Operating System | + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------| +| TVOS-H | Single-Platform Version of a Smart Television Operating System | +| URL | Uniform Resource Locator | +| USB | Universal Serial Bus | +| UTC | Coordinated Universal Time | +| W3C | World Wide Web Consortium | +| WiFi | Wireless Fidelity | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The phrase "is required to" indicates a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance with this document is to be claimed. + +The phrase "is recommended" indicates a requirement that is advised but not absolutely necessary. Thus this requirement does not need to be present to claim conformance. + +The phrase "is prohibited from" indicates a requirement which must be strictly followed, with no deviation permitted if conformance with this document is to be claimed. + +The phrase "can optionally" indicates an optional requirement that is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term does not imply that the vendor's implementation must include the option and that the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with this Recommendation. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear. When they do, they shall be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Conformance approach in this Recommendation + +Conformance of the smart TV operating system means that smart TV operating system conforms to relevant requirements of [ITU-T J.1201], [ITU-T J.1202], [ITU-T J.1203], [ITU-T J.1204], and [ITU-T J.1205]. + +The smart television operating system (TVOS) platform should conform to the conformity requirements for functionality and architecture, security, performance , and interfaces according to clauses 7 and 8 of this Recommendation. + +# 7 Conformity requirements + +## 7.1 Function and architecture conformity requirements + +#### 7.1.1 Live TV conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support tuning of system frequency | +| 2 | Support system channel search | +| 3 | Support channel change | +| 4 | Support the system to get electronic programme guide (EPG) information | +| 5 | Support the system to get EPG P/F information | + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|---------------------------------------------------| +| 6 | Support live audio video synchronization | +| 7 | Support the system to display channel information | + +#### 7.1.2 Video-on-demand conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the system to play the programme on demand | +| 2 | Support the system to pause the programme on demand | +| 3 | Support the system to resume the programme on demand | +| 4 | Support the system to stop the programme on demand | +| 5 | Support the system to seek the programme on demand | + +#### 7.1.3 IP television (IPTV) conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|--------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the system to play network video | +| 2 | Support the system to pause network video | +| 3 | Support the system to resume network video | +| 4 | Support the system to stop network video | +| 5 | Support the system to seek network video | + +#### 7.1.4 Conformity requirements for local audio video file playing + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the system to normally play audio video files required in clause 6.1.5 of [ITU-T J.1201] | +| 2 | Support the system to pause local audio video files | +| 3 | Support the system to resume local audio video files | +| 4 | Support the system to stop local audio video files | +| 5 | Support the system to seek local audio video files | + +#### 7.1.5 Human-machine interaction conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|----------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support three-button mouse input interaction | +| 2 | Support keyboard input interaction | +| 3 | Support remote controller input interaction | +| 4 | Support voice input interaction | +| 5 | Support mobile phone input interaction | + +#### 7.1.6 HTML5 support conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support Hyper Text Markup Language 5.0 (HTML5) | + +#### 7.1.7 System setting conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|--------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support to restore system factory settings | +| 2 | Support standby/awaking | +| 3 | Support volume up/down | +| 4 | Support mute/unmute setting | + +#### 7.1.8 Conformity requirements of application software support + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|---------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support JAVA application installation | +| 2 | Support JAVA application running | +| 3 | Support WEB application installation | +| 4 | Support WEB application running | + +#### 7.1.9 Architecture conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | The system needs to contain two parts: trusted execution environment (TEE) and rich execution environment (REE) | +| 2 | Media functions are processed by media engine of smart operating system | +| 3 | WEB application is processed by HTML5 engine of smart TV operating system | +| 4 | WEB application running is independent of JAVA environment | + +### 7.2 Security conformity requirements + +#### 7.2.1 Secure boot conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | When BL_KEY1, BOOT, kernel and system mirror signed by legal BL_KEY0 are used and recorded, the system can be started normally | +| 2 | When the mirror containing tampered BL_KEY1 is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | +| 3 | When the mirror containing wrong BL_KEY1 and signature is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | +| 4 | When the mirror containing tampered Bootloader is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | +| 5 | When the mirror containing wrong Bootloader is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | +| 6 | When the mirror containing tampered kernel is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | +| 7 | When the data containing wrong kernel and signature are used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | +| 8 | When the mirror containing tampered system is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | +| 9 | When the data containing wrong system mirror and signature are used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally | + +#### 7.2.2 Conformity requirements of application security + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | When the application installation package signed with correct operator certificate and correct personal certificate is used, the system can be successfully installed | +| 2 | When the application installation package signed with wrong operator certificate and correct personal certificate is used, the system cannot be successfully installed | +| 3 | When the application installation package signed with correct operator certificate and wrong personal certificate is used, the system cannot be successfully installed | +| 4 | When the tampered application installation package is used, the system cannot be successfully installed | +| 5 | When the application installation package without operator certificate signature is used, the system cannot be successfully installed | +| 6 | When the application installation package without personal certificate signature is used, the system cannot be successfully installed | + +#### 7.2.3 Conformity requirements of service security + +| S/N | Security type | Requirement | +|-----|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | DCAS | Use downloadable conditional access system (DCAS) front end and DCAS application, and support the system to search channels | +| 2 | | Use DCAS front end and DCAS application, and support the system to play programs | +| 3 | | Use DCAS front end and DCAS application, and support the system to display EPG | +| 4 | | Use DCAS front end and DCAS application, and support the system to change channels | +| 5 | Integrated CA | Use integrated conditional access (CA) front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to search channels | +| 6 | | Use integrated CA front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to play programs | +| 7 | | Use integrated CA front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to display EPG | +| 8 | | Use integrated CA front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to change channels | + +#### 7.2.4 Conformity requirements of content security + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Use digital rights management (DRM) front end and DRM application, and support the system to register terminal devices | +| 2 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to authorize terminal devices | +| 3 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to cancel authorization of terminal devices | +| 4 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to play programs | +| 5 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to pause programs | +| 6 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to resume programs | +| 7 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to stop programs | +| 8 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to seek programs | + +#### 7.2.5 Conformity requirements of security upgrade + +| S/N | Upgrade mode | Requirement | +|-----|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Over the air (OTA) upgrade | Support high version detection | +| 2 | | Support forced upgrade | +| 3 | | Support the system to start securely in case of signal interruption in the upgrade process | +| 4 | | Support the system to start securely in case of sudden power failure in the upgrade process | +| 5 | Internet protocol (IP) upgrade | Support high version detection | +| 6 | | Support forced upgrade | +| 7 | | Support the system to start securely in case of sudden power failure in the upgrade process | + +## 7.3 Performance conformity requirements + +#### 7.3.1 Boot time conformity requirements + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the time from power on to the first startup picture is not greater than 5 s | +| 2 | Support the time from power on to the homepage is not greater than 50 s | + +### 7.3.2 Conformity requirements of channel change time + +| S/N | Requirement | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the switching time between high-definition channels is not greater than 2 s | + +## 7.4 Interface conformity requirements + +### 7.4.1 Conformity requirements of application programming interface + +It conforms to the relevant interface requirements stipulated in [ITU-T J.1206], including Annex A Conformity Test of TVOS JAVA Application Programming Interface and Annex B Conformity Test of TVOS WEB Application Programming Interface. + +#### 7.4.2 Conformity requirements of hardware abstract interface + +It conforms to the relevant interface requirements stipulated in [ITU-T J.1205], including Annex C Conformity Test of Hardware Abstract Interface. + +# 8 Test methods + +## 8.1 Test environment + +### 8.1.1 Hardware platform + +Hardware configuration requirements of dual-platform version of a smart television operating system (TVOS-C): storage capacity configuration of flash at the terminal to be tested should not be lower than 1 GB, and random access memory (RAM) storage capacity configuration should not be lower than 1 GB; central processing unit (CPU) should be configured with double kernel or above; dominant frequency should be not lower than 1 GHz. + +Hardware configuration requirements of single-platform version of a smart television operating system (TVOS-H): storage capacity configuration of flash at the terminal to be tested should not be + +lower than 256 MB, and RAM storage capacity configuration should not be lower than 512 MB; CPU dominant frequency should be not lower than 600 MHz. + +#### 8.1.2 Function and architecture test environment + +#### 8.1.2.1 Live TV test + +See Figure 1 for the block diagram of live TV test. + +![Block diagram of live TV test](75f0cb39f1cd165dfe4a6aa6c4d9388d_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a 'Code stream server' and an 'SI management server' connected to a 'Multiplexer'. The 'Multiplexer' is connected to a 'Modem' and a 'Remote controller'. The 'Modem' is connected to a 'Mixer', which is also connected to the 'Remote controller'. The 'Mixer' is connected to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' and a 'Controller' (indicated by a zigzag line). The text 'J.1207(24)' is in the bottom right corner. + +Block diagram of live TV test + +Figure 1 – Block diagram of live TV test + +##### 8.1.2.2 Video-on-demand test + +See Figure 2 for the block diagram of video-on-demand test. + +![Block diagram of video-on-demand test](c67d21fb3d9042e88cdc669f071b4e7c_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a 'Front end of video-on-demand' connected to an 'IPQAM modulator' and a 'Two-way network' (represented by a cloud). The 'IPQAM modulator' is connected to a 'Terminal'. The 'Two-way network' is also connected to the 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' and a 'Controller' (indicated by a zigzag line). The text 'J.1207(24)' is in the bottom right corner. + +Block diagram of video-on-demand test + +Figure 2 – Block diagram of video-on-demand test + +#### 8.1.2.3 IPTV test + +See Figure 3 for the block diagram of IPTV test. + +![Block diagram of IPTV test](18722c46c9e8475524e634dedd08bac2_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a 'Front end of application shop' and a 'Front end service platform of IPTV' connected to a 'Two-way' network (represented by a cloud). The 'Two-way' network is connected to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' and a 'Controller' (indicated by a zigzag line). The text 'J.1207(24)' is in the bottom right corner. + +Block diagram of IPTV test + +Figure 3 – Block diagram of IPTV test + +#### 8.1.2.4 Local audio video playing test + +See Figure 4 for the block diagram of local audio video playing test. + +![Block diagram of local audio video playing test. A 'Front end of application shop' connects to a 'Two-way' cloud, which connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it, a 'Local storage device' below it, and a 'Controller' to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + A[Front end of application shop] --- B((Two-way)) + B --- C[Terminal] + C --- D[Display terminal] + C --- E[Local storage device] + C -.-> F[Controller] + J120724[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of local audio video playing test. A 'Front end of application shop' connects to a 'Two-way' cloud, which connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it, a 'Local storage device' below it, and a 'Controller' to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 4 – Block diagram of local audio video playing test** + +##### **8.1.2.5 Human-machine test** + +See Figure 5 for the block diagram of human-machine test. + +![Block diagram of human-machine test. A 'Front end of voice' connects to a 'Two-way' cloud, which connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it and a 'USB/bluetooth' device to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + A[Front end of voice] --- B((Two-way)) + B --- C[Terminal] + C --- D[Display terminal] + C -.-> E[USB/bluetooth] + J120724[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of human-machine test. A 'Front end of voice' connects to a 'Two-way' cloud, which connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it and a 'USB/bluetooth' device to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 5 – Block diagram of human-machine test** + +#### **8.1.2.6 HTML5 support test** + +See Figure 6 for the block diagram of HTML5 support test. + +![Block diagram of HTML5 support test. An 'HTML5 test website' connects to a 'Two-way' cloud, which connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it and a 'Controller' to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right.](b90144cfbb81a2d610d920240fda689d_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + A[HTML5 test website] --- B((Two-way)) + B --- C[Terminal] + C --- D[Display terminal] + C -.-> E[Controller] + J120724[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of HTML5 support test. An 'HTML5 test website' connects to a 'Two-way' cloud, which connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it and a 'Controller' to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 6 – Block diagram of HTML5 support test** + +#### **8.1.2.7 System setting test** + +See Figure 7 for the block diagram of system setting test. + +![Block diagram of system setting test. Two 'Code stream server' blocks connect to a 'Multiplexer'. The 'Multiplexer' connects to two 'Modem' blocks. The top 'Modem' connects to a 'Mixer', and the bottom 'Modem' also connects to the 'Mixer'. The 'Mixer' connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it and a 'Controller' to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right.](df1d0e45191302de72176e4390224c16_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + A1[Code stream server] --- B[Multiplexer] + A2[Code stream server] --- B + B --- C1[Modem] + B --- C2[Modem] + C1 --- D[Mixer] + C2 --- D + D --- E[Terminal] + E --- F[Display terminal] + E -.-> G[Controller] + J120724[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of system setting test. Two 'Code stream server' blocks connect to a 'Multiplexer'. The 'Multiplexer' connects to two 'Modem' blocks. The top 'Modem' connects to a 'Mixer', and the bottom 'Modem' also connects to the 'Mixer'. The 'Mixer' connects to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it and a 'Controller' to its right via a zigzag line. The label J.1207(24) is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 7 – Block diagram of system setting test** + +#### **8.1.2.8 Application software support test** + +See Figure 8 for the block diagram of application software test. + +![Block diagram of application software test. A 'Front end of application shop' block is connected to a 'Two-way' cloud, which is connected to a 'Terminal' block. The 'Terminal' block is connected to a 'Display terminal' block above it and a 'Controller' block to its right via a zigzag line. The label 'J.1207(24)' is at the bottom right.](8fbdfc3d17fb1dae7b2d8f5a287fa9fc_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + FEA[Front end of application shop] --- TW((Two-way)) + TW --- T[Terminal] + T --- DT[Display terminal] + T --- C[Controller] + J120724[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of application software test. A 'Front end of application shop' block is connected to a 'Two-way' cloud, which is connected to a 'Terminal' block. The 'Terminal' block is connected to a 'Display terminal' block above it and a 'Controller' block to its right via a zigzag line. The label 'J.1207(24)' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 8 – Block diagram of application software test** + +#### **8.1.2.9 Architecture test** + +See Figure 9 for the block diagram of system architecture test. + +![Block diagram of system architecture test. On the left, four blocks ('Code stream server', 'SI management server', 'Code stream server', and 'WEB front end') are connected to a 'Multiplexer' block. The 'WEB front end' is connected via a 'Two-way' cloud. The 'Multiplexer' is connected to two 'Modem' blocks, which are connected to a 'Mixer' block. The 'Mixer' is connected to a 'Terminal' block. The 'Terminal' block is connected to a 'Display terminal' block above it and a 'Controller' block to its right via a zigzag line. The label 'J.1207(24)' is at the bottom right.](df82d77a0d2637cbf2da9ea920a554fa_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + CSS1[Code stream server] --- M[Multiplexer] + SMS[SI management server] --- M + CSS2[Code stream server] --- M + WFE[WEB front end] --- TW((Two-way)) + TW --- T[Terminal] + M --- Modem1[Modem] + M --- Modem2[Modem] + Modem1 --- Mixer[Mixer] + Modem2 --- Mixer + Mixer --- T + T --- DT[Display terminal] + T --- C[Controller] + J120724[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of system architecture test. On the left, four blocks ('Code stream server', 'SI management server', 'Code stream server', and 'WEB front end') are connected to a 'Multiplexer' block. The 'WEB front end' is connected via a 'Two-way' cloud. The 'Multiplexer' is connected to two 'Modem' blocks, which are connected to a 'Mixer' block. The 'Mixer' is connected to a 'Terminal' block. The 'Terminal' block is connected to a 'Display terminal' block above it and a 'Controller' block to its right via a zigzag line. The label 'J.1207(24)' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 9 – Block diagram of system architecture test** + +#### **8.1.3 Security test environment** + +##### **8.1.3.1 Secure boot test** + +See Figure 10 for the block diagram of secure boot test. + +![Block diagram of secure boot test. A large block labeled 'Secure boot image management system' contains three sub-blocks: 'Image editing tool', 'Image signature tool', and 'Terminal recording tool'. This large block is connected to a 'Terminal' block. The 'Terminal' block is connected to a 'Display terminal' block above it. The label 'J.1207(24)' is at the bottom right.](29f586959675cafdf81cf934954908eb_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + SBIMS[Secure boot image management system] --- T[Terminal] + subgraph SBIMS [ ] + IET[Image editing tool] + IST[Image signature tool] + TRT[Terminal recording tool] + end + T --- DT[Display terminal] + J120724[J.1207(24)] + style SBIMS fill:none,stroke:none + +``` + +Block diagram of secure boot test. A large block labeled 'Secure boot image management system' contains three sub-blocks: 'Image editing tool', 'Image signature tool', and 'Terminal recording tool'. This large block is connected to a 'Terminal' block. The 'Terminal' block is connected to a 'Display terminal' block above it. The label 'J.1207(24)' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 10 – Block diagram of secure boot test** + +#### **8.1.3.2 Application security test** + +See Figure 11 for the block diagram of application security test. + +![Block diagram of application security test. A 'Front end of App shop' containing 'Signature', 'Packaging', and 'Certificate' is connected via a 'Two-way' cloud to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' and a 'Controller' via a zigzag line. Reference J.1207(24) is shown in the bottom right.](76b0cd79baaedd942af4dc42f2e764b8_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph Front_end_of_App_shop [Front end of App shop] + Signature[Signature] + Packaging[Packaging] + Certificate[Certificate] + end + Front_end_of_App_shop --- Two_way((Two-way)) + Two_way --- Terminal[Terminal] + Terminal --- Display_terminal[Display terminal] + Terminal -.- Controller[Controller] + J1207_24[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of application security test. A 'Front end of App shop' containing 'Signature', 'Packaging', and 'Certificate' is connected via a 'Two-way' cloud to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' and a 'Controller' via a zigzag line. Reference J.1207(24) is shown in the bottom right. + +**Figure 11 – Block diagram of application security test** + +#### **8.1.3.3 Service security test** + +See Figure 12 for the block diagram of service security test. + +![Block diagram of service security test. Inputs include 'Integrated CA', 'Code stream', 'SI management server', 'Code stream', and 'DCAS front end' entering a 'Multiplexer'. The 'Multiplexer' output goes to two 'Modem' blocks, which then connect to a 'Mixer'. The 'Mixer' output goes to a 'Terminal', which is connected to a 'Display terminal'. Reference J.1207(24) is shown in the bottom right.](9b9d2abd741ed4bafe7f78f89961c663_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + Integrated_CA[Integrated CA] --> Multiplexer[Multiplexer] + Code_stream1[Code stream] --> Multiplexer + SI_management_server[SI management server] --> Multiplexer + Code_stream2[Code stream] --> Multiplexer + DCAS_front_end[DCAS front end] --> Multiplexer + Multiplexer --> Modem1[Modem] + Multiplexer --> Modem2[Modem] + Modem1 --> Mixer[Mixer] + Modem2 --> Mixer + Mixer --> Terminal[Terminal] + Terminal --- Display_terminal[Display terminal] + J1207_24[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of service security test. Inputs include 'Integrated CA', 'Code stream', 'SI management server', 'Code stream', and 'DCAS front end' entering a 'Multiplexer'. The 'Multiplexer' output goes to two 'Modem' blocks, which then connect to a 'Mixer'. The 'Mixer' output goes to a 'Terminal', which is connected to a 'Display terminal'. Reference J.1207(24) is shown in the bottom right. + +**Figure 12 – Block diagram of service security test** + +#### **8.1.3.4 Content security test** + +See Figure 13 for the block diagram of content security test. + +![Block diagram of content security test. 'DRM front end' and 'Stream media system' are connected via a 'Two-way' cloud to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' and a 'Controller' via a zigzag line. Reference J.1207(24) is shown in the bottom right.](51db757d054ce1ce83c436a3578b56ca_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + DRM_front_end[DRM front end] --- Two_way((Two-way)) + Stream_media_system[Stream media system] --- Two_way + Two_way --- Terminal[Terminal] + Terminal --- Display_terminal[Display terminal] + Terminal -.- Controller[Controller] + J1207_24[J.1207(24)] + +``` + +Block diagram of content security test. 'DRM front end' and 'Stream media system' are connected via a 'Two-way' cloud to a 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' and a 'Controller' via a zigzag line. Reference J.1207(24) is shown in the bottom right. + +**Figure 13 – Block diagram of content security test** + +#### **8.1.3.5 Security upgrade test** + +See Figure 14 for the block diagram of upgrade support test. + +![Block diagram of upgrade test (Figure 14).](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +This block diagram illustrates the upgrade test environment. A central grey box labeled 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it. To the left of the 'Terminal', two boxes labeled 'Front end of OTA upgrade' and 'Front end of IP upgrade' are connected to a cloud-shaped 'Two-way' component, which in turn connects to the 'Terminal'. To the right of the 'Terminal', a 'Controller' is connected via a zigzag line representing a wireless link. The reference 'J.1207(24)' is located at the bottom right. + +Block diagram of upgrade test (Figure 14). + +**Figure 14 – Block diagram of upgrade test** + +### 8.1.4 Performance test environment + +#### 8.1.4.1 Boot time test + +See Figure 15 for the block diagram of boot time test. + +![Block diagram of boot time test (Figure 15).](898fb89a50d9ec1dfb4e425c816976a7_img.jpg) + +This block diagram shows the boot time test environment. A central grey box labeled 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it. To the right of the 'Terminal', a 'Controller' is connected via a zigzag line representing a wireless link. The reference 'J.1207(24)' is located at the bottom right. + +Block diagram of boot time test (Figure 15). + +**Figure 15 – Block diagram of boot time test** + +#### 8.1.4.2 Channel change time test + +See Figure 16 for the block diagram of channel change time test. + +![Block diagram of channel change time test (Figure 16).](04f51626e2e10a16e3eb2c4b33cb2742_img.jpg) + +This block diagram depicts the channel change time test environment. Two boxes labeled 'Code stream server' are on the left, both connected to a 'Multiplexer'. The 'Multiplexer' is connected to two 'Modem' boxes. The top 'Modem' is connected to a 'Mixer', and the bottom 'Modem' is also connected to the same 'Mixer'. The 'Mixer' is connected to a central grey box labeled 'Terminal'. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Display terminal' above it and a 'Controller' to its right via a zigzag line representing a wireless link. The reference 'J.1207(24)' is located at the bottom right. + +Block diagram of channel change time test (Figure 16). + +**Figure 16 – Block diagram of channel change time test** + +### 8.1.5 Interface test environment + +#### 8.1.5.1 Test of application programming interface + +See Figure 17 for the block diagram of TVOS application programming interface test. + +![Block diagram of TVOS application programming interface test. The diagram shows various input components (DCAS, Code stream, SI management, Front end, Application programming interface test, DRM, WEB front end, Application shop, IPTV, Multi-screen interaction) connected to a central 'Two-way' cloud. This cloud is connected to a 'Terminal' and a 'Mobile Internet' cloud. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Modem' and 'IPQAM' (which receive signals from a 'Multiplexer' and 'Front end'). The 'Terminal' is also connected to a 'Wi-Fi routing' unit, which is connected to a 'Mobile' device via a dashed line with a Wi-Fi symbol. The 'Terminal' is also connected to a 'Display terminal', 'Remote controller', 'USB peripheral', and 'Bluetooth peripheral' (via a dashed line with a Bluetooth symbol). The 'Mobile Internet' cloud is connected to a 'Mobile' device via a dashed line with a signal strength icon. The 'Mobile' device is also connected to the 'Wi-Fi routing' unit.](b6671cfafda3820aafe9a24fa7a4d8c7_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + DCAS[DCAS] --> Multiplexer[Multiplexer] + CS1[Code stream] --> Multiplexer + SI[SI management] --> Multiplexer + CS2[Code stream] --> Multiplexer + FrontEnd[Front end] --> IPQAM[IPQAM] + FrontEnd --> TwoWay((Two-way)) + API[Application programming interface test] --> TwoWay + DRM[DRM] --> TwoWay + WEB[WEB front end] --> TwoWay + AppShop[Application shop] --> TwoWay + IPTV[IPTV] --> TwoWay + MultiScreen[Multi-screen interaction] --> TwoWay + MultiScreen --> MobileInternet((Mobile Internet)) + Multiplexer --> Modem[Modem] + Modem --> Terminal[Terminal] + IPQAM --> Terminal + TwoWay --> Terminal + TwoWay --> WiFi[Wi-Fi routing] + MobileInternet --> Mobile[Mobile] + Terminal --> Display[Display terminal] + Terminal --> Remote[Remote controller] + Terminal --> USB[USB peripheral] + Terminal -.-> BT[Bluetooth peripheral] + WiFi --> Mobile + Mobile -.-> BT + +``` + +Block diagram of TVOS application programming interface test. The diagram shows various input components (DCAS, Code stream, SI management, Front end, Application programming interface test, DRM, WEB front end, Application shop, IPTV, Multi-screen interaction) connected to a central 'Two-way' cloud. This cloud is connected to a 'Terminal' and a 'Mobile Internet' cloud. The 'Terminal' is connected to a 'Modem' and 'IPQAM' (which receive signals from a 'Multiplexer' and 'Front end'). The 'Terminal' is also connected to a 'Wi-Fi routing' unit, which is connected to a 'Mobile' device via a dashed line with a Wi-Fi symbol. The 'Terminal' is also connected to a 'Display terminal', 'Remote controller', 'USB peripheral', and 'Bluetooth peripheral' (via a dashed line with a Bluetooth symbol). The 'Mobile Internet' cloud is connected to a 'Mobile' device via a dashed line with a signal strength icon. The 'Mobile' device is also connected to the 'Wi-Fi routing' unit. + +J.1207(24) + +**Figure 17 – Block diagram of TVOS application programming interface test** + +#### 8.1.5.2 Hardware abstract interface test + +See Figure 18 for the block diagram of hardware abstract interface test. + +![Block diagram of hardware abstract interface test. The diagram shows a flow from left to right: three boxes (Code stream server, SI server, Code stream server) point to a 'Multiplexer' box. The 'Multiplexer' box points to a 'Modem' box. The 'Modem' box points to a 'Terminal' box. The 'Terminal' box is connected to three boxes: 'Display terminal', 'Remote controller', and 'USB (Mouse, keyboard)'. Below the 'Terminal' box, a 'Two-way' cloud is connected to three boxes: 'Hardware abstract layer interface test', 'WEB front end', and 'Front end of IPTV'.](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + CSS1[Code stream server] --> M[Multiplexer] + SI[SI server] --> M + CSS2[Code stream server] --> M + M --> Modem[Modem] + Modem --> Terminal[Terminal] + Terminal --> DT[Display terminal] + Terminal --> RC[Remote controller] + Terminal --> USB[USB Mouse, keyboard] + Terminal --> T((Two-way)) + T --> HAL[Hardware abstract layer interface test] + T --> WFE[WEB front end] + T --> FEI[Front end of IPTV] + +``` + +Block diagram of hardware abstract interface test. The diagram shows a flow from left to right: three boxes (Code stream server, SI server, Code stream server) point to a 'Multiplexer' box. The 'Multiplexer' box points to a 'Modem' box. The 'Modem' box points to a 'Terminal' box. The 'Terminal' box is connected to three boxes: 'Display terminal', 'Remote controller', and 'USB (Mouse, keyboard)'. Below the 'Terminal' box, a 'Two-way' cloud is connected to three boxes: 'Hardware abstract layer interface test', 'WEB front end', and 'Front end of IPTV'. + +J.1207(24) + +**Figure 18 – Block diagram of hardware abstract interface test** + +## 8.2 Test devices + +| S/N | Device name | Function description | +|-----|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Code stream server | Code stream sending server, used to output TS code stream to the multiplexer, provide system signal source and support ASI signal output. | +| 2 | SI management server | Code stream server in which programme specific information (PSI) / service information (SI) editing software is preassembled, used to output TS code stream containing SI information to the multiplexer. Support editing of programme association table (PAT), conditional access table (CAT), programme mapping table (PMT), service description table (SDT), event information table (EIT) and other tables, and have the functions of programme scheduling, programme search, user management and parameter configuration, etc. | +| 3 | Multiplexer | TS code stream multiplexer, used to multiplex multichannel TS code stream, support code stream multiplexing, demultiplexing and remultiplexing, support packet identifier (PID) remapping, and support filtering capability of PID code stream. | +| 4 | Modem | Cable/ territorial/ satellite modulator, used to modulate TS code stream to the specified frequency point. Support digital video broadcasting – cable (DVB-C) and digital television terrestrial multimedia broadcast (DTMB) modulation standards. Output radio-frequency signals; port requirements: F, 75 Ω. | +| 5 | Mixer | Channel mixer, used to mix signals at multiple frequency points and complete the output. Requirements for radio frequency input and output port: F, 75 Ω. | +| 6 | Front end of video-on-demand | Support hyper text transfer protocol (HTTP) / HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) stream media transport protocol, advanced video coding (ITU-T H.264 and MPEG-2) coded formats. Support stream media on-demand services such as audio video interleave (AVI), flash video (FLV), MPEG-1 audio layer 3 (MP3), MPEG-4 part 14 (MP4), MTP 3 user adaptation layer (M3UA) and moving picture experts group (MPEG). Be able to complete service distribution and scheduling such as media on-demand, time shift and playback. | + +| S/N | Device name | Function description | +|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7 | Internet protocol quadrature amplitude modulation (IPQAM) modem | Used to implement quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) digital modulation for TS stream data from IP network. Support IP interface of gigabit Ethernet; support multiplexing, modulation and up-conversion functions. Complete QAM modulation and output of multichannel TS stream; requirements of radio frequency output interface: F, 75 Ω. | +| 8 | Front end of application shop | Implement application presentation, application classification, application search, download, and upgrade, etc. | +| 9 | Local storage device | Device with local storage function, including universal serial bus (USB) flash disk and secure digital memory card (SD card). | +| 10 | HTML5 test website | Used to test the browser's support of HTML5. | +| 11 | WEB front end | Used to support hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) / hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS) transport protocols and provide WEB services. | +| 12 | Secure boot mirror management system | Used to manage device mirror, provide binary editing, signature and recording functions of mirror. | +| 13 | Integrated CA front end | Integrated CA front end server, used to output TS code stream scrambled by integrated CA with entitlement message to the multiplexer. Have entitlement management message (EMM) and entitlement control message (ECM) message generation and sending functions. | +| 14 | DCAS front end | DCAS front end server, used to output TS code stream scrambled by DCAS with entitlement message to the multiplexer. Have EMM and ECM message generation and sending functions. | +| 15 | DRM front end | DRM front end, used to provide entitlement message and DRM encrypted code stream. Support mainstream coding formats such as MPEG-2, ITU-T H.264 and AVS+, and support mainstream transport formats such as HLS and MPEG dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH). | +| 16 | Stream media system | Stream media server matched with DRM front-end system, used to provide stream media services. | +| 17 | Front end of OTA upgrade | Insert upgrade descriptor in network information table (NIT), convert update software to TS file, and adopt one-way data broadcasting for terminal software upgrade. | +| 18 | Front end of IP upgrade | The front end of IP upgrade is configured with upgrade file. After the terminal starts, the monitor of IPLoader in the backend will start automatically. It regularly and periodically requests to download server configuration files and detects update. Terminal software is upgraded by applying IP two-way channel. | +| 19 | Front end of IPTV | Support HTTP/HLS stream media transport protocol, ITU-T H.264 and MPEG-2 coded formats. Support stream media on-demand services such as AVI, FLV, MP4 and MPEG. Be able to complete service distribution and scheduling such as media on-demand, time shift and playback. | +| 20 | Front end of application programming interface test | The test system providing storage and push functions for test cases of TVOS application programming interface. | +| 21 | Front end of hardware abstract interface test | The test system providing storage and push functions for test cases of TVOS hardware abstract interface. | +| 22 | Front end of function component interface test | The test system providing storage and push functions for test cases of TVOS function component interface. | + +| S/N | Device name | Function description | +|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 23 | Front end of trusted execution environment (TEE) interface test | The test system providing storage and push functions for test cases of TVOS trusted execution environment interface. | +| 24 | Cloud control terminal of multi-screen interaction | Front end server of internet multi-screen interaction, supporting multimedia resource sharing among smartphone, tablet PC and smart television and mutual playing push. | +| 25 | Front end pf voice engine | Implement connection with voice cloud, and ensure voice data interaction, semantic match and search. | +| 26 | Display terminal | Have the television with high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) input. | +| 27 | USB peripheral | USB interface peripheral, including USB keyboard and USB mouse, etc. | +| 28 | Bluetooth peripheral | Bluetooth interface peripheral, including voice-based remote controller, mobile phone and gamepad, etc. | + +## 8.3 Test process + +### 8.3.1 Function and architecture conformance test + +#### 8.3.1.1 Live TV test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support tuning of system frequency. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 1, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, and open the terminal to be tested.

Test methods:
a) Enter system tuning interface.
b) Set corresponding frequency point according to situations of front-end frequency points.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to tune to corresponding frequency point.

| +| 2 | Support system channel search. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 1, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, and open the terminal to be tested; the system can be tuned.

Test methods:
a) Enter system search interface.
b) Select auto search and observe search situations.
c) Select manual search and observe search situations.
d) Select range search and observe search situations.

Conformity result requirements:
a) Auto search succeeds.
b) Manual search succeeds.
c) Range search succeeds.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3 | Support channel change. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 1, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure live programme is played normally.

Test methods:
Switch different programs with the remote controller.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to switch programs normally.

| +| 4 | Support the system to get EPG information. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 1, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server, SI server and multiplexer, and open the terminal to be tested.

Test methods:
Check the EPG information list in the system.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to normally display the EPG information list.

| +| 5 | Support the system to get EPG P/F information. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 1, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server, SI server and multiplexer, and open the terminal to be tested.

Test methods:
a) Select EPG forward programme information list in the system.
b) Select EPG backward programme information list in the system.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to normally display EPG forward and backward information lists.

| +| 6 | Support live audio video synchronization. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 1, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, and open the terminal to be tested.

Test methods:
Open live audio video and measure whether audio video synchronization conforms to requirements.

Conformity result requirements:
The system can normally synchronize audio video.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7 | Support the system to display channel information. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 1, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure live stream is normal.

Test methods:
a) Check names of corresponding channels.
b) Check frequency points of corresponding channels.
c) Check programme identifier (ID) of corresponding channels.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to normally display channel information.

| + +##### 8.3.1.2 Video-on-demand test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the system to play the programme on demand. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 2, start video-on-demand front end and IPQAM modulator, and open the terminal to be tested.

Test methods:
a) Enter the video-on-demand interface.
b) Select corresponding programme according to the programme list and play it.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to play the programme on demand normally.

| +| 2 | Support the system to pause the programme on demand. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 2, start video-on-demand front end and IPQAM modulator, open the terminal to be tested and successfully play the programme on demand.

Test methods:
Select pause key to pause programme playing.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to pause playing of the programme on demand.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3 | Support the system to resume the programme on demand. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 2, start video-on-demand front end and IPQAM modulator, open the terminal to be tested, successfully play the programme on demand and pause the program.

Test methods:
Select resume key to resume programme playing.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to resume playing of the programme on demand.

| +| 4 | Support the system to stop the programme on demand. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 2, start video-on-demand front end and IPQAM modulator, open the terminal to be tested and successfully play the programme on demand.

Test methods:
Select stop key to stop programme playing.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to stop playing of the programme on demand.

| +| 5 | Support the system to seek the programme on demand. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 2, start video-on-demand front end and IPQAM modulator, open the terminal to be tested and successfully play the programme on demand.

Test methods:
Select seek key to control programme playing.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to control the programme on demand normally.

| + +#### 8.3.1.3 IPTV test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the system to play network video. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 3 and open the terminal to be tested.

Test methods:
Enter the application store and select IPTV application.
Select relevant programs in IPTV application and play them.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully play

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | corresponding program. | +| 2 | Support the system to pause network video. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 3, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure IPTV programme is in the status of normal playing.

Test methods:
Click "pause" button for the programme which is being played.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully pause corresponding program.

| +| 3 | Support the system to resume network video. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 3, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure IPTV programme is in the pause status.

Test methods:
Click "resume" button for the programme which is in the pause status.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully resume corresponding program.

| +| 4 | Support the system to stop network video. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 3, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure IPTV programme is in the status of normal playing.

Test methods:
Click "stop" button for the programme which is being played.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully stop corresponding program.

| +| 5 | Support the system to seek network video. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 3, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure IPTV programme is in the status of normal playing.

Test methods:
Control programme progress through seek button for the programme which is being played.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully drag and drop the corresponding programme to the corresponding position.

| + +#### 8.3.1.4 Local audio video file playing test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support the system to normally play audio video files required in clause 6.1.5 of [ITU-T J.1201]. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 4, open the terminal to be tested, and copy the audio video files required in clause 6.1.5 of [ITU-T J.1201] to a local storage device.

Test methods:
a) Insert the system device to be tested into the local storage device.
b) Select audio video files in the local storage device and play them.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully play corresponding audio video files.

| +| 2 | Support the system to pause local audio video files. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 4, open the terminal to be tested, copy the audio video files to a local storage device and ensure audio video files are played normally.

Test methods:
Click "pause" button for the audio video files which are played normally.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully pause corresponding audio video files.

| +| 3 | Support the system to resume local audio video files. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 4, open the terminal to be tested, copy the audio video files to a local storage device and ensure audio video files are in the pause status.

Test methods:
Click "resume" button for the audio video file which is in the pause status.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully resume corresponding audio video files.

| +| 4 | Support the system to stop local audio video files. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 4, open the terminal to be tested, copy the audio video files to a local storage device and ensure audio video files are played normally.

Test methods:
Click "stop" button for the audio video files.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully stop corresponding audio video files.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-----------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | Support the system to seek local audio video files. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 4, open the terminal to be tested, copy the audio video files to a local storage device and ensure audio video files are played normally.

Test methods:
Control programme progress through drag and drop button for the programme which is being played.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully drag and drop the corresponding programme to the corresponding position.

| + +#### 8.3.1.5 Human-machine test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support three-button mouse input interaction. |

Preconditions: set up the test environment as shown in Figure 5. Connect the mouse to the system device to be tested via USB interface.

Test methods:
a) Move the mouse.
b) Click the left mouse button.
c) Click the right mouse button.
d) Roll the mouse wheel.

Conformity result requirements:
The system device to be tested can correctly respond to mouse actions.

| +| 2 | Support keyboard input interaction. |

Preconditions: set up the test environment as shown in Figure 5. Connect the keyboard to the system device to be tested via USB interface.

Test methods:
a) Input any character on the keyboard.
b) Input direction key on the keyboard.

Conformity result requirements:
The system device to be tested can correctly respond to keyboard operation.

| +| 3 | Support remote controller input interaction. |

Preconditions: set up the test environment as shown in Figure 5.

Test methods:
Press any key on the remote controller, including character key, direction key, HOME, and backspace key, etc.

Conformity result requirements:
The system device to be tested can correctly respond to remote controller operation.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 4 | Support voice input interaction. | Preconditions: set up the test environment as shown in Figure 5.
Test methods:
Send voice command to the terminal.
Conformity result requirements:
The system device to be tested can correctly respond to voice and make corresponding operation. | +| 5 | Support mobile phone input interaction. | Preconditions: set up the test environment as shown in Figure 5.
Test methods:
Press any key on the mobile phone, including character key, direction key, HOME, and backspace key, etc.
Conformity result requirements:
The system device to be tested can correctly respond to mobile phone operation. | + +#### 8.3.1.6 HTML5 support test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Test HTML5 support by the system. | Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 6, and keep network signal connection.
Test methods:
Open the browser and input HTML5 test website recommended by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
Conformity result requirements:
Test scores conform to requirements. | + +#### 8.3.1.7 System setting test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support to restore system factory settings. | Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 7, and keep network signal connection. Live programs have been searched and played successfully.
Test methods:
Enter system setting interface and select factory setting reset.
Conformity result requirements:
After factory setting reset, original configuration and TV programs searched are all cleared. | + +| | | | +|---|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 2 | Support standby/awaking. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 7, and keep network signal connection.

Test methods:
a) Press the remote controller to make the system standby.
b) Press the remote controller to awake the system.

Conformity result requirements:
System standby/awakening function is normal.

| +| 3 | Support volume up/down. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 7, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure live stream is normal.

Test methods:
a) Use volume "+" key on the remote controller to increase system volume.
b) Use volume "-" key on the remote controller to decrease system volume.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to normally regulate system volume.

| +| 4 | Support mute/unmute setting. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 7, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, open the terminal to be tested, and ensure live stream is normal.

Test methods:
a) Press "mute" button on the remote controller.
b) Press "mute" button on the remote controller again.

Conformity result requirements:
Mute the system when pressing "mute" button the first time, and cancel system mute when pressing "mute" button the second time.

| + +#### **8.3.1.8 Application software support test** + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Support JAVA application installation. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 8.

Test methods:
a) Enter application store interface and select legal and valid JAVA application.
b) Download JAVA application and install it.

Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully install JAVA application.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 2 | Support JAVA application running. | Preconditions:
Successfully and correctly install JAVA application.
Test methods:
Run JAVA application.
Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully run JAVA application. | +| 3 | Support WEB application installation. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 8.
Test methods:
a) Enter application store interface and select legal and valid WEB application.
b) Download WEB application and install it.
Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully install WEB application. | +| 4 | Support WEB application running. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 8.
Test methods:
Run legal and valid WEB application.
Conformity result requirements:
Be able to successfully run WEB application. | + +#### 8.3.1.9 Architecture conformance test + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | The system needs to contain two parts: TEE and REE. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 9.
Test methods:
a) Download test TA.
b) Send test command through REE side.
Conformity result requirements:
REE side can receive the expected result fed back by test TA. | +| 2 | Media functions are processed by media engine of smart operating system. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 9.
Test methods:
a) Open media engine log.
b) Play a video.
c) Close the log.
Conformity result requirements:
The log content can confirm the invocation of media engine by the player application. | + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3 | WEB application is processed by HTML5 engine of smart TV operating system. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 9.

Test methods:
a) Open HTML5 engine log.
b) Run WEB application.
c) Close the log.

Conformity result requirements:
The log content can confirm the invocation of HTML5 engine by WEB application.

| +| 4 | WEB application running is independent of JAVA environment. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 9.

Test methods:
a) Open media engine log and HTML5 engine log.
b) Run WEB video player application.
c) Close the log.

Conformity result requirements:
The log content can confirm code execution is independent of JAVA execution environment.

| + +### 8.3.2 Security conformance test + +#### 8.3.2.1 Secure boot + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | When BL_KEY1, BOOT, kernel and system mirror signed by legal BL_KEY0 are used and recorded, the system can be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get BL_KEY1, Bootloader mirror, kernel mirror and system mirror without signature of the device to be tested.

Test methods:
a) Use correct BL_KEY0 to sign BL_KEY1 without signature, and use BL_KEY1 to sign Bootloader mirror, kernel mirror and system mirror without signature.
b) Use recording tools to record the above signed mirrors and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested can be started normally, and finally enters the interface.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 2 | When the mirror containing tampered BL_KEY1 is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get correctly signed BL_KEY1 mirror of the device to be tested.

Test methods:

  • a) Use mirror editing tools to tamper any position of signed BL_KEY1 mirror.
  • b) Use recording tools to record the above tampered mirrors and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
  • c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| +| 3 | When the mirror containing wrong BL_KEY1 and signature is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and prepare a wrongly signed BL_KEY1 mirror.

Test methods:

  • a) Use correct BL_KEY0 to sign the above BL_KEY1 mirror.
  • b) Use recording tools to record the above BL_KEY1 mirror and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
  • c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| +| 4 | When the mirror containing tampered Bootloader is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get correctly signed Bootloader mirror of the device to be tested from the device manufacturer.

Test methods:

  • a) Use mirror editing tools to tamper any position of signed Bootloader mirror.
  • b) Use recording tools to record the above tampered mirrors and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
  • c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | When the mirror containing wrong Bootloader is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get Bootloader mirror without signature of the device to be tested. Prepare a wrong BL_KEY1.

Test methods:

  • a) Use wrong BL_KEY1 to sign Bootload mirror without signature.
  • b) Use recording tools to record the above mirror wrongly signed by BL_KEY1 and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
  • c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| +| 6 | When the mirror containing tampered kernel is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get correctly signed kernel mirror of the device to be tested.

Test methods:

  • a) Use mirror editing tools to tamper any position of signed kernel mirror.
  • b) Use recording tools to record the above tampered mirrors and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
  • c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| +| 7 | When the data containing wrong kernel and signature are used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get the kernel mirror without signature of the device to be tested. Prepare a wrong BL_KEY1.

Test methods:

  • a) Use wrong BL_KEY1 to sign the kernel mirror without signature.
  • b) Use recording tools to record the above mirror wrongly signed by BL_KEY1 and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
  • c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | When the mirror containing tampered system is used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get correctly signed system mirror of the device to be tested.

Test methods:
a) Use mirror editing tools to tamper any position of signed system mirror.
b) Use recording tools to record the above tampered mirrors and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| +| 9 | When the data containing wrong system mirror and signature are used and recorded, the system cannot be started normally. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 10, and get the system mirror without signature of the device to be tested. Prepare a wrong BL_KEY1.

Test methods:
a) Use wrong BL_KEY1 to sign the system mirror without signature.
b) Use recording tools to record the above mirror wrongly signed by BL_KEY1 and other mirrors to the device to be tested.
c) After the completion of recording, power off and restart the device to be tested.

Conformity result requirements:
The device to be tested cannot be started.

| + +#### 8.3.2.2 Application security + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | When the application installation package signed with correct operator certificate and correct personal certificate is used, the system can be successfully installed. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 11, and get the application installation package without signature.

Test methods:
a) Use correct operator certificate and personal certificate to sign the installation package without signature, and place it at the front end of application store.
b) Download the above signed installation package from the application store and install it.
c) Complete the installation and start the application.

| + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Conformity result requirements:
The application is normally installed and started. | +| 2 | When the application installation package signed with wrong operator certificate and correct personal certificate is used, the system cannot be successfully installed. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 11, and get the application installation package without signature.
Prepare a wrong operator certificate.
Test methods:
a) Use wrong operator certificate and correct personal certificate to sign the installation package without signature. And place it at the front end of application shop.
b) Download the above signed installation package from the application store and install it.
Conformity result requirements:
Installation fails. | +| 3 | When the application installation package signed with correct operator certificate and wrong personal certificate is used, the system cannot be successfully installed.
When the application installation package signed with correct operator certificate and wrong personal certificate is used, the system cannot be successfully installed. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 11, and get the application installation package without signature.
Prepare a wrong personal certificate.
Test methods:
a) Use correct operator certificate and wrong personal certificate to sign the installation package without signature. And place it at the front end of application shop.
b) Download the above signed installation package from the application store and install it.
Conformity result requirements:
Installation fails. | +| 4 | When the tampered application installation package is used, the system cannot be successfully installed. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 11, and get the application installation package with correct signature.
Test methods:
a) Use binary editing tools to tamper any position of installation package with correct signature. And place it at the front end of application shop.
b) Download the above tampered installation package from the application store and install it.
Conformity result requirements:
Installation fails. | + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | When the application installation package without operator certificate signature is used, the system cannot be successfully installed. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 11, and get the application installation package without signature.

Test methods:
a) Use only personal certificate to sign the installation package without signature. And place it at the front end of application shop.
b) Download the above signed installation package from the application store and install it.

Conformity result requirements:
Installation fails.

| +| 6 | When the application installation package without personal certificate signature is used, the system cannot be successfully installed. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 11, and get the application installation package without signature.

Test methods:
a) Directly use operator certificate to sign the installation package without signature. And place it at the front end of application shop.
b) Download the above signed installation package from the application store and install it.

Conformity result requirements:
Installation fails.

| + +#### 8.3.2.3 Service security + +| S/N | Security mode | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | DCAS | Use DCAS front end and DCAS application, and support the system to search channels. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start DCAS front-end system.

Test methods:
a) Start DCAS application.
b) Start auto search, manual search and range search respectively one after another.

Conformity result requirements:
The search test in the three modes succeeds, and the programme list searched every time is consistent with the configuration of front end system.

| +| 2 | | Use DCAS front end and DCAS application, and support the system to play programs. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start DCAS front-end system. The device to be tested successfully completes one auto search.

Test methods:
a) Start DCAS application.
b) Play corresponding programs.

| + +| S/N | Security mode | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result requirements:
The programs are played normally. | +| 3 | | Use DCAS front end and DCAS application, and support the system to display EPG. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start DCAS front-end system. The device to be tested successfully completes one auto search.
Test methods:
a) Start DCAS application.
b) Check the EPG information list in the system.
Conformity result requirements:
Be able to normally display the EPG information list. | +| 4 | | Use DCAS front end and DCAS application, and support the system to change channels. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start DCAS front-end system. The device to be tested successfully completes one auto search.
Test methods:
a) Start DCAS application.
b) Change channels.
Conformity result requirements:
Channel change function is normal. | +| 5 | Integrated CA | Use integrated CA front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to search channels. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start integrated CA front-end system.
Test methods:
a) Start integrated CA application.
b) Start auto search, manual search and range search respectively one after another.
Conformity result requirements:
The search test in the three modes succeeds, and the programme list searched every time is consistent with the configuration of front end system. | +| 6 | Integrated CA | Use integrated CA front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to play programs. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start integrated CA front-end system. The device to be tested successfully completes one auto search.
Test methods:
a) Start integrated CA application.
b) Play corresponding programs.
Conformity result requirements: programs are played normally. | +| 7 | | Use integrated CA front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to display EPG. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start integrated CA front-end system. The device to be tested successfully completes one auto search.
Test methods:
a) Start integrated CA application.
b) Check the EPG information list in the system.
Conformity result requirements:
Be able to normally display the EPG information list. | + +| S/N | Security mode | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|---------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | | Use integrated CA front end and integrated CA application, and support the system to change channels. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 12 and start integrated CA front-end system. The device to be tested successfully completes one auto search.
Test methods:
a) Start integrated CA application.
b) Change channels.
Conformity result requirements:
Channel change function is normal. | + +#### 8.3.2.4 Content security + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to register terminal devices. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has not be registered yet.
Test methods:
a) Start DRM application.
b) Click register.
Conformity result requirements:
Register succeeds. | +| 2 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to authorize terminal devices. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has been registered, and DRM front end has not entitled the device to be tested.
Test methods:
a) Add the device to be tested at DRM front end for entitlement.
b) Start DRM application.
c) Select a protected video and play it.
Conformity result requirements:
It is played successfully. | +| 3 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to cancel authorization of terminal devices. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has been registered, and DRM front end has entitled the device to be tested.
Test methods:
a) Delete the device to be tested at DRM front end to cancel the entitlement.
b) Start DRM application.
c) Select a protected video and play it.
Conformity result requirements:
It fails to be played. | +| 4 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to play programs. | Preconditions:
Set up the test system as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has been registered, and DRM front end has entitled the device to be tested.
Test methods:
a) Start DRM application. | + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | b) Select a protected video and play it.
Conformity result requirements:
It is played normally. | +| 5 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to pause programs. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has been registered, and DRM front end has entitled the device to be tested.
Test methods:
a) Start DRM application.
b) Select a protected video and play it.
c) Press the pause key.
Conformity result requirements:
It is played and paused normally. | +| 6 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to resume programs. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has been registered, and DRM front end has entitled the device to be tested.
Test methods:
a) Start DRM application.
b) Select a protected video and play it. c) Press the pause key.
d) Press the resume key.
Conformity result requirements:
It is played, paused and resumed normally. | +| 7 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to stop programs. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has been registered, and DRM front end has entitled the device to be tested.
Test methods:
a) Start DRM application.
b) Select a protected video and play it.
c) Press the stop key.
Conformity result requirements:
It is played and stopped normally. | +| 8 | Use DRM front end and DRM application, and support the system to seek programs. | Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 13. DRM application has been registered, and DRM front end has entitled the device to be tested.
Test methods:
a) Start DRM application.
b) Select a protected video and play it.
c) Control programme progress through drag and drop button for the programme which is being played.
Conformity result requirements:
Press the direction key to successfully drag and drop the corresponding programme to the corresponding position. | + +#### 8.3.2.5 Security upgrade + +| S/N | Upgrade mode | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | OTA Upgrade | High version detection |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 14.
Prepare a transport stream (TS) containing signed high-version mirror. Start front end of OTA upgrade.

Test methods:
a) Broadcast the transport stream containing a high version at the front end of the trusted application (TA) upgrade.
b) Enter the upgrade interface of the device to be tested.
c) Detect the version.

Conformity result requirements:
Detect a high version.

| +| 2 | | Forced upgrade test |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 14.
Prepare a transport stream containing signed high-version mirror. Start front end of OTA upgrade.

Test methods:
a) Broadcast the transport stream containing the signed high-version mirror at the front end of OTA upgrade.
b) The device to be tested detects a high version, and prompts it is about to upgrade.
c) Automatically restart after upgrading.

Conformity result requirements:
The system is upgraded normally; the system is restarted normally after system upgrade; the version number is a new one after the system is restarted.

| +| 3 | | The system can be started securely in case of signal interruption in the upgrade process. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 14.
Prepare a transport stream containing signed high-version mirror. Start front end of OTA upgrade.

Test methods:
a) Broadcast the transport stream containing the signed high-version mirror at the front end of OTA upgrade.
b) The device to be tested detects a high version, and prompts it is about to upgrade.
c) Pull up the live signal line in the upgrading process.
d) Resume the live signal line after the system is over time and restarted.

Conformity result requirements:
The system is over time and restarted, and the system will be upgraded again after restart.

| + +| S/N | Upgrade mode | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 4 | OTA Upgrade | The system can be started securely in case of sudden power failure in the upgrade process. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 14.
Prepare a transport stream containing signed high-version mirror. Start front end of OTA upgrade.

Test methods:
a) Broadcast the transport stream containing the signed high-version mirror at the front end of OTA upgrade.
b) The device to be tested detects a high version, and prompts it is about to upgrade.
c) Cut off the power supply in the upgrading process.
d) Electrify the device again.

Conformity result requirements:
The system will be upgraded again after restart.

| +| 5 | | High version detection |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 14. Place a signed high-version mirror at the front end of IP upgrade, and start the front end of IP upgrade.

Test methods:
a) Enter the upgrade interface of the device to be tested.
b) Detect the version.

Conformity result requirements:
Detect a high version.

| +| 6 | IP upgrade | Forced upgrade test |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 14. Place a signed high-version mirror at the front end of IP upgrade, and start the front end of IP upgrade.

Test methods:
a) The device to be tested detects a high version, and prompts it is about to upgrade.
b) Automatically restart after upgrading.

Conformity result requirements: the system is upgraded normally; the system is restarted normally after system upgrade; the version number is a new one after the system is restarted.

| +| 7 | | The system can be started securely in case of sudden power failure in the upgrade process. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 14. Place a signed high-version mirror at the front end of IP upgrade, and start the front end of IP upgrade.

Test methods:
a) The device to be tested detects a high version, and prompts it is about to upgrade.
b) Cut off the power supply in the upgrading process.
c) Electrify the device again.

Conformity result requirements:
The system will be upgraded again after restart.

| + +### 8.3.3 Performance conformance test + +#### 8.3.3.1 Boot time + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Test whether the time from power on to the first startup picture is not greater than 5 s. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 15.

Test methods:
a) Start the terminal to be tested and start timekeeping simultaneously.
b) Stop timekeeping when the startup picture is displayed and calculate the time.

Conformity result requirements:
The appearance time of startup picture conforms to the standard, not more than 5 s.

| +| 2 | Test whether the time from power on to the main menu is not greater than 50 s. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 15.

Test methods:
a) Start the terminal to be tested and start timekeeping simultaneously.
b) Stop timekeeping when the main interface of the system appears and calculate the time for startup.

Conformity result requirements:
The startup time conforms to the standard, not more than 50 s.

| + +#### 8.3.3.2 Channel change time + +| S/N | Test requirement | Process description | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Test whether the switching time between high-definition channels is not greater than 2 s. |

Preconditions:
Set up the test environment as shown in Figure 16, start the front end of live digital television such as code stream server and multiplexer, open the terminal to be tested and finish channel search.

Test methods:
Switch among multiple channels, count time and test the channel change time.

Conformity result requirements: the channel change time conforms to the standard, not more than 2 s.

| + +### **8.3.4 Interface conformance test** + +#### **8.3.4.1 Conformance test of application programming interface** + +The test steps are as follows: + +- a) Set up the test system for the application programming interface of smart TV operating system as shown in Figure 17, and keep the connection between radio and television signals and internet signals; +- b) Push the test cases which conform to the application programming interface requirements in the front end system of test cases to the terminal to be tested; +- c) Operate test cases of the application programming interface of smart TV operating system and test the conformity of application programming interface. See Annex A and Annex B for the conformance test of application programming interface. + +#### **8.3.4.2 Conformance test of hardware abstract interface** + +The test steps are as follows: + +- a) Set up the test system for the hardware abstract interface of smart TV operating system as shown in Figure 18, and keep the connection between radio and television signals and internet signals; +- b) Push the test cases which conform to the hardware abstract interface requirements in the front end system of test cases to the terminal to be tested; +- c) Operate test cases of the hardware abstract layer interface of smart TV operating system and test the conformity of hardware abstract interface. See Annex C for the conformance test of hardware abstract interface. + +# Annex A + +## Conformance test of TVOS JAVA application programming interface + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### A.1 Conformance test of unidirectional broadcast network access unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | TuningParameters | getDeliverySystemType() | Conformity Requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getDeliverySystemType() method.
Conformity result: The return value is the correct current system type. | +| 2 | TuningListener | receiveNIEvent
(TunerEvent anEvent) | Conformity Requirements:
Precondition:
addNetworkInterfaceListener(TuningListener listener) registers the listener correctly.
Test method: Call tune(TuningParameters tuningParameters) to start frequency locking and wait for listener messages until frequency locking ends.
Conformity result:
The anEvent type received by receiveNIEvent(TunerEvent anEvent) is:
a) TunerTuningEvent object indicates the start of frequency locking.
b) TunerTuningOverEvent object indicates the end of frequency locking. | +| 3 | DvbcTuningParameters | DVB_C_MOD_UNDEFINED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 4 | | DVB_C_MOD_QAM16 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 5 | | DVB_C_MOD_QAM32 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 6 | | DVB_C_MOD_QAM64 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 7 | | DVB_C_MOD_QAM128 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 4. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | | DVB_C_MOD_QAM256 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 5. | +| 9 | | DvbcTuningParameters() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call DvbcTuningParameters(), call getModulation(), getFrequency(), getSymbolRate() to obtain the parameters.
Conformity results:
The return obtained from getFrequency() and getSymbolRate() is -1, and the value obtained from getModulation() is DVB_C_MOD_UNDEFINED. | +| 10 | | DvbcTuningParameters(
int frequency,
int modulation,
int symbolRate) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call DvbcTuningParameters (int frequency, int modulation, int symbolRate) to input the correct parameters, and call getModulation(), getFrequency(), getSymbolRate() to obtain the parameters.
Conformity results: The values obtained from getModulation(), getFrequency(), and getSymbolRate() are the same as the set values. | +| 11 | | setFrequency(int frequency) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: setFrequency() calls getFrequency() after setting parameters.
Conformity result: getFrequency() obtains the same result as setting parameters. | +| 12 | | getFrequency() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: setFrequency(int frequency) passes in a valid parameter.
Test method: getFrequency().
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 13 | | setModulation(int modulation) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setModulation(int modulation) and input valid parameters. Call getModulation() to get the value.
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 14 | | getModulation() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setModulation(int modulation) and input valid parameters. Call getModulation() to get the value.
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 15 | | setSymbolRate(int symbolRate) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setSymbolRate(int | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | symbolRate) to input valid parameters. Call getSymbolRate() to get the value.
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 16 | | getSymbolRate() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setSymbolRate(int symbolRate) to input valid parameters. Call getSymbolRate() to get the value.
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 17 | | ABS_SS_POLAR_LINEAR_H | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 18 | | ABS_SS_POLAR_LINEAR_V | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 19 | | ABS_SS_POLAR_CIRCULAR_L | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 20 | | ABS_SS_POLAR_CIRCULAR_R | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 21 | AbsssTuningParameters | AbsssTuningParameters() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method:
Call AbsssTuningParameters() to create the object.
Conformity result: The object is successfully created. | +| 22 | | setFrequency(int freq) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: setFrequency(int freq) calls getFrequency() after setting parameters.
Conformity result: getFrequency() obtains the same result as setting parameters. | +| 23 | | getFrequency() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: setFrequency(int frequency) passes in a valid parameter.
Test method: Call getFrequency().
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 24 | | setPolarization(int polarization) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call SetPolarization(int polarization) to input valid parameters. Call getPolarization() to obtain the value. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 25 | | getPolarization() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call SetPolarization(int polarization) to input valid parameters. Call getPolarization() to obtain the value.
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 26 | | setSymbolRate(int symbolRate) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call SetSymbolRate(int symbolRate) to input valid parameters. Call getSymbolRate() to obtain the value.
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 27 | | getSymbolRate() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None
Test method: Call SetSymbolRate(int symbolRate) to input valid parameters. Call getSymbolRate() to obtain the value.
Conformity result: The return value is the same as the set parameter. | +| 28 | DtmbTuningParameters | DTMB_MOD_UNDEFINED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 29 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM4 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 30 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM4_NR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 31 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM16 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 32 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM32 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 4. | +| 33 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM64 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 5. | +| 34 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM128 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DtmbTuningParameters | | Conformity result: The constant value is 6. | +| 35 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM256 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 7. | +| 36 | | DTMB_MOD_QAM512 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 8. | +| 37 | | DTMB_BANDWIDTH_6M | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 6000. | +| 38 | | DTMB_BANDWIDTH_7M | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 7000. | +| 39 | | DTMB_BANDWIDTH_8M | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 8000. | +| 40 | | DtmbTuningParameters() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call DtmbTuningParameters() to create an object.
Conformity result: The object is successfully created. | +| 41 | | setFrequency(int frequency) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setFrequency(int frequency) to input valid parameters, and call getFrequency().
Conformity result: Get the same value as the input parameter. | +| 42 | | getFrequency() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setFrequency(int frequency) to input valid parameters, and call getFrequency().
Conformity result: Get the same value as the input parameter. | +| 43 | | setModulation(int bandWidth) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setModulation(int modulation) to input valid parameters and call getModulation().
Conformity result: Get the same value as the input parameter. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 44 | DtmbTuningParameters | getModulation() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setModulation(int modulation) to input valid parameters, and call getModulation() to get the value.
Conformity result: Get the same value as the input parameter. | +| 45 | | setBandWidth(int bandWidth) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setBandWidth(int bandWidth) to input valid parameters, and call getBandWidth() to get the value.
Conformity result: Get the same value as the input parameter. | +| 46 | | getBandWidth() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setBandWidth(int bandWidth) to input valid parameters, and call getBandWidth() to get in the value.
Conformity result: Get the same value as the input parameter. | +| 47 | | getCodingRatio() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: After successful tuning and demodulation, obtain the DTMB signal.
Test method: Call getCodingRatio().
Conformity result: Return 0.4, 0.6, or 0.8. | +| 48 | | getPNMode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: After successful tuning and demodulation, obtain the DTMB signal.
Test method: Call getPNMode().
Conformity result: Return a string, for example "PN945". | +| 49 | TunerEvent | getSource() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getSource().
Conformity result: Return a tuner object. | +| 50 | | TunerEvent(Object Tuner) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call TunerEvent(Object Tuner) to input the correct parameters.
Conformity result: Create a TunerEvent object. | +| 51 | TunerTuningEvent | TunerTuningEvent (Object Tuner) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call TunerTuningEvent (Object Tuner) to input the correct parameters.
Conformity result: Successfully create a TunerTuningEvent object. | +| 52 | TunerTuningOverEvent | SUCCEEDED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 53 | | FAILED | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 54 | Tuner | | Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 55 | | TunerTuningOverEvent
(Object tuner, int status) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the TunerTuningOverEvent (Object Tuner, int status) method to input the Tuner object and lock frequency status.
Conformity result: Successfully create a TunerTuningOverEvent object. | +| 56 | | getStatus() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the tune() method and lock the frequency successfully.
Test method: Call the getStatus() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the return value is SUCCEEDED.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the tune() method, but fail to lock the frequency.
Test method: Call the getStatus() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the return value is FAILED. | +| 57 | | tune(TuningParameters tuningParameters) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call tune(TuningParameters tuningParameters) and input the correct parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds with no return values and no exceptions.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the tune(TuningParameters tuningParameters) method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw IllegalArgumentException exception. | +| 58 | | getSignalIntensity() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the tune() method and lock the frequency successfully.
Test method: Call the getSignalIntensity() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and returns 0~100. | +| 59 | | getSignalQuality() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the tune() method and lock the frequency successfully.
Test method: Call the getSignalQuality() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and returns 0~100. | +| | | getCurrentTunningParam() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: It's in the process of locking. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|-------------------|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 60 | Tuner | | Test method:
Call the getCurrentTunningParam() method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful and returns NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the tune() method and lock the frequency successfully.
Test method:
Call getCurrentTunningParam().
Conformity result: Return the current lock frequency parameter. | +| 61 | | addNetworkInterfaceListener (TuningListener listener) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: AddNetworkInterfaceListener (TuningListener listener) passes in valid parameters.
Conformity result: The registered listener can receive messages. | +| 62 | | removeNetworkInterfaceListener(TuningListener listener) | Conformity Requirements:
Precondition: none.
Test method:
removeNetworkInterfaceListener (TuningListener listener) input an already registered listener object.
Conformity result: The passed-in listener object will no longer receive messages. | +| 63 | | getCurrentTransportStream() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The current network interface has been tuned to the transport stream.
Test method: getCurrentTransportStream().
Conformity result: Obtain the transport stream tuned to the current network interface.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The current network interface has not been tuned to the transport stream.
Test method: Call getCurrentTransportStream().
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 64 | | getDeliverySystemType() | Conformity Requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method:
Call getDeliverySystemType().
Conformity result: Get the current network interface delivery type. | +| 65 | TunerManager | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getInstance() to obtain the TunerManager instance.
Conformity result: Successfully obtain the instance. | +| | | getNetworkInterfaces() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getNetworkInterfaces() to obtain the Tuner object array.
Conformity result: Successfully obtain | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------| +| | | | Tuner object array. | + +### A.2 Conformance test of broadcasting protocol processing unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | NotAuthorized Interface | POSSIBLE_UNDER_CONDITIONS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 2 | | NOT_POSSIBLE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 3 | | COMMERCIAL_DIALOG | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 4 | | MATURITY_RATING_DIALOG | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 5 | | TECHNICAL_DIALOG | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 6 | | FREE_PREVIEW_DIALOG | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 4. | +| 7 | | NO_ENTITLEMENT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 8 | | MATURITY_RATING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 9 | | TECHNICAL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 10 | | GEOGRAPHICAL_BLACKOUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 4. | +| 11 | | OTHER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 5. | +| 12 | | SERVICE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 13 | | ELEMENTARY_STREAM | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 14 | | getType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get a subclass object of NotAuthorizedInterface.
Test method: Call the getType method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the type of MPEG-2 object in which the unauthorized error occurred, and takes the value of 0 or 1. | +| 15 | | getService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain a subclass object of NotAuthorizedInterface.
Test method: Call the getService method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Service type, indicating the service object that cannot be descrambled. | +| 16 | | getElementaryStreams() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain a subclass object of NotAuthorizedInterface.
Test method: Call the getElementaryStreams method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an ElementaryStream array, indicating the elementary stream object that cannot be descrambled. | +| 17 | | getReason(int index) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Obtain a subclass object of NotAuthorizedInterface.
Test method: Call the getReason method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns an int array with a length of 2, where int [0] represents the main reason with values ranging from 0 to 1; Int [1] represents the secondary reason with values ranging from 1 to 5.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Obtain a subclass object of NotAuthorizedInterface. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the getReason method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The function throws a java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException exception during execution. | +| 18 | ElementaryStream | getPID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain the Service through the TransportStream class, and then obtain the ElementaryStream object through the Service.
Test method: Call the getPID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, and indicates the PID value of the transport packet carrying the elementary stream (ES). | +| 19 | | getAssociationTag() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain the Service through the TransportStream class, and then obtain the ElementaryStream object through the Service.
Test method: Call the getAssociationTag method;
Conformity result: The method return value is of type Integer, indicating the digital storage media/command and control (DSM-CC) association identifier of the base stream, or NULL if there is no association identifier. | +| 20 | | getService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain the ElementaryStream object through the TransportStream class.
Test method: Call the getService method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Service type, indicating the service to which the ES stream belongs. | +| 21 | Service | getServiceId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain the Service object through the TransportStream class.
Test method: Call the getServiceId method.
Conformity result: The return value is an int type, indicating the identifier of the service (i.e. obtaining the program_number field information in PMT). | +| 22 | | getTransportStream() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain Service object.
Test method: Call the getTransportStream method.
Conformity result: The method returns a value of TransportStream type, indicating the transport stream object that carries the service. | +| 23 | | retrieveElementaryStream(int pid) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Obtain the Service object through the TransportStream class.
Test method: Call the retrieveElementaryStream method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The return value is ElementaryStream type, indicating the corresponding elementary stream objects included in the service. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 24 | TransportStream | retrieveElementaryStreams() | Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Obtain the Service object through the TransportStream class.
Test method: Call the retrieveElementaryStream method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method return value is empty. | +| 25 | | getTransportStreamId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain the TransportStream object.
Test method: Call the getTransportStreamId method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an int type, indicating the transport stream identifier (i.e. obtaining information from the transport_stream_id field in PAT). | +| 26 | | retrieveService(int serviceId) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Obtain the TransportStream object.
Test method: Call the retrieveService method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a Service object, indicating the corresponding service object carried in the transport stream.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Obtain the TransportStream object.
Test method: Call the retrieveService method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method return value is empty. | +| 27 | | retrieveServices() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain the TransportStream object.
Test method: Call the retrieveServices method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a Service array, indicating all service objects carried in the transport stream. | +| 28 | DvbElementaryStream | getComponentTag() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain DvbElementaryStream object.
Test method: Call the getComponentTag method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an Integer type, indicating the component label of the DVB elementary stream (i.e. the value of the component_tag field of the stream identifier descriptor carried by the ES stream loop in the PMT). | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 29 | DvbService | retrieveDvbElementaryStream | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain DvbService object.
Test method: Call the retrieveDvbElementaryStream method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of DvbElementaryStream type, indicating the DVB elementary stream included in the DVB service. | +| 30 | DvbTransport Stream | getNetworkId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain DvbTransportStream object.
Test method: Call the getNetworkId method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an int type, indicating the network identifier of the network where the DVB transport stream is located. | +| 31 | | getOriginalNetworkId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Obtain DvbTransportStream object.
Test method: Call the getOriginalNetworkId method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an int type, indicating the original network identifier of the DVB transport stream. | +| 32 | SectionFilterListener | sectionFilterUpdate() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked.
Test method:
a) Construct and implement the SectionFilterListener object;
b) Call the newSimpleSectionFilter method of the SectionFilterGroup to create a pair of SectionFilter objects, call setTimeout to set a timeout, and call addSectionFilterListener to bind listeners;
c) Call the attach method of SectionFilterGroup;
d) Call the startFiltering method of SectionFilter and input valid parameters;
e) Wait for callback sectionFilterUpdate.
Conformity result: The sectionFilterUpdate callback is successful, and the parameter event value is an instance of sectionAvailableEvent.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked.
Test method:
a) Construct and implement the SectionFilterListener object;
b) Call the newSimpleSectionFilter method of the SectionFilterGroup to create a pair of SectionFilter objects, call setTimeout to set a timeout, and call addSectionFilterListener to bind listeners; | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

c) Call the attach method of SectionFilterGroup;

d) Call the startFiltering method of SectionFilter and input parameters that do not exist in the current locked frequency point;

e) Wait for callback sectionFilterUpdate.

Conformity result: The sectionFilterUpdate callback is successful, with the parameter event being a TimeOutEvent instance.

| +| 33 | Section | clone() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Obtain Section object.
Test method: Call the clone method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Object type, indicating the copied Section object.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Obtain Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method and then call the clone method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution.

| +| 34 | | current_next_indicator() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Obtain Section object.
Test method: Call the current_next_indicator method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a boolean type, indicating the value of the current next_indicator field in the segment header.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Obtain Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, and then call the current_next_indicator method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution.

| +| 35 | | getByteAt(int index) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the getByteAt method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a byte value, indicating the specified byte of segment data filtered from the object.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, then call the getByteAt method, and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Obtain Section object.
Test method: Call the getByteAt method and

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Section | | input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: A java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException is thrown during method execution. | +| 36 | | getData() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Obtain Section object.
Test method: Call the getData method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a byte array, indicating that the filtered segment data includes the segment header.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Obtain Section object.
Test method: first call the setEmpty method, then call the getData method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 37 | | getFullStatus() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the getFullStatus method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Boolean with a value of true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, and then call the getFullStatus method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Boolean with a value of false. | +| 38 | | last_section_number() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the last_section_number method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an int, indicating the value of the last_section_number field in the segment header.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: first call the setEmpty method, and then call the last_section_number method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 39 | | private_indicator() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the private_indicator method.
Conformity result: The method returns an int value that indicates the value of the private_indicator field in the segment header.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method:
First call the setEmpty method, and then call the | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Section | | private_indicator method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 40 | | section_length() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the section_length method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an int type, indicating the value of the section_length field in the segment header.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, then call the section_length method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 41 | | section_number() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the section_number method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an int type, indicating the value of the section_number field in the segment header.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, then call the section_number method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 42 | | section_syntax_indicator() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the section_syntax_indicator method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Boolean, indicating the value of the section_syntax_indicator field in the segment header.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, then call the section_syntax_indicator method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 43 | | setEmpty() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the setEmpty method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 44 | | table_id_extension() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the table_id_extension method.
Conformity result: The method returns an int | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|-------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Section | | value, indicating the value of the table_id_extension field.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, and then call the table_id_extension method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 45 | | table_id() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the table_id method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an int type, indicating the table_id field of the segment.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, then call the table_id method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 46 | | version_number() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: Call the version_number method.
Conformity result: The method return value is short, indicating the value of the version number field.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Section object.
Test method: First call the setEmpty method, and then call the version_number method.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of NoDataAvailableException during function execution. | +| 47 | SectionFilterGroup | SectionFilterGroup() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the SectionFilterGroup method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and creates a section filter group object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the SectionFilterGroup method and input invalid parameters (less than 1).
Conformity result: The method throws an IllegalArgumentException exception. | +| 48 | | addResourceStatusEventListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the addResourceStatusEventListener method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds. | +| 49 | | removeResourceStatusEventListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the removeResourceStatusEventListener method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds. | +| 50 | SectionFilterGroup | attach() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked, and the SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the attach method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a value of true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked, and the SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Continuously call the attach method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a value of false. | +| 51 | | detach() | Conformity Requirement 1.
Preconditions: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked, and the SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the attach method first, input valid parameters, and then call detach .
Conformity result: The method return value is true. | +| 52 | | getClient() | Conformity Requirements.
Precondition: SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the attach method first, input valid parameters, and then call getClient .
Conformity result: The method return value is the same as the input client parameter. | +| 53 | | getSource() | Conformity Requirements.
Precondition: SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call attach method first, input valid parameters, then call getSource .
Conformity result: The method return value is the same as the input stream parameter. | +| 54 | | newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize) | Conformity Requirements.
Precondition: SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize) method.
Conformity result: The method returns non-null. | +| 55 | | newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize, int sectionSize) | Conformity Requirement 1.
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize, int sectionSize) method with valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non-empty TableSectionFilter object.
Conformity Requirement 2.
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|-----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SectionFilterGroup | | been created.
Test method: Call newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize, int sectionSize) method with invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of IllegalArgumentException during method execution. | +| 56 | | newSimpleSectionFilter() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the newSimpleSectionFilter() method.
Conformity result: The method returns non-null. | +| 57 | | newSimpleSectionFilter(int sectionSize) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the newSimpleSectionFilter (int sectionSize) method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non empty TableSectionFilter object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the newSimpleSectionFilter (int sectionSize) method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of IllegalArgumentException during method execution. | +| 58 | | newTableSectionFilter() | Conformity Requirement.
Precondition: SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call newTableSectionFilter() method.
Conformity result: The method returns non-null. | +| 59 | | newTableSectionFilter(int sectionSize) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the newTableSectionFilter(int sectionSize) method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non empty TableSectionFilter object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created.
Test method: Call the newTableSectionFilter(int sectionSize) method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw the exception of IllegalArgumentException during method execution. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 60 | SectionFilter | addSectionFilterListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize) is called to get the SectionFilter object.
Test method: Call the addSectionFilterListener method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 61 | | removeSectionFilterListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newRingSectionFilter(int ringSize) is called to get the SectionFilter object.
Test method: Call the removeSectionFilterListener method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 62 | | setTimeout() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newSimpleSectionFilter() is called to get the SectionFilter object.
Test method: Call the setTimeout method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newSimpleSectionFilter() is called to obtain the SectionFilter object.
Test method: Call the setTimeout method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity results: Throw the exception of IllegalArgumentException during method execution. | +| 63 | | startFiltering() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newSimpleSectionFilter() has been called to get the SectionFilter object.
Test method: Call the startFiltering method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a value of true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newSimpleSectionFilter() has been called to obtain the SectionFilter object.
Test method: Call the startFiltering method twice in a row and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a value of false. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 64 | | stopFiltering() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newSimpleSectionFilter() has been called to obtain the SectionFilter object.
Test method: Call the stopFiltering method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a value of false.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, and newSimpleSectionFilter() has been called to obtain the SectionFilter object.
Test method: First call the startFiltering method, input valid parameters, and then call stopFiltering.
Conformity result: The method returns a value of true.

| +| 65 | SimpleSection Filter | getSection() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Preconditions: Effective frequency points have been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, newSimpleSectionFilter() has been called to get the SectionFilter object, and timeouts and listeners have been set.
Test method: Call the startFiltering method, input valid parameters, wait for the callback SectionAvailableEvent message, and then call the getSection method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a non empty object.

Conformity requirement 2:
Preconditions: Effective frequency points have been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, newSimpleSectionFilter() has been called to get the SimpleSectionFilter object, and timeouts and listeners have been set.
Test method: First call the startFiltering method, input valid parameters, and then call the getSection method before the listener receives the SectionAvailableEvent message.
Conformity result: The method return value is empty.

| +| 66 | TableSection Filter | getSections() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Preconditions: Effective frequency points have been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, newTableSectionFilter() has been called to get the TableSectionFilter object, and timeouts and listeners have been set.
Test method: Call the startFiltering method, input valid parameters, wait for the callback EndOfFilteringEvent message, and then call the getSections method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a non empty object.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Conformity requirement 2:
Preconditions: Effective frequency points have been tuned and locked, a SectionFilterGroup object has been created, newTableSectionFilter() has been called to obtain the TableSectionFilter object, and timeouts and listeners have been set.
Test method: First call the startFiltering method, input valid parameters, and then call the getSections method before the listener receives the EndOfFilteringEvent message.
Conformity result: The method return value is empty.

| +| 67 | RingSectionFilter | getSections() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Preconditions: Effective frequency points have been tuned and locked, a Section Filter Group object has been created, newRingSectionFilter (int ringSize) is called to get the RingSectionFilter object, and timeouts and listeners are set.
Test method: Call the startFiltering method, input valid parameters, wait for the callback SectionAvailableEvent message, and then call the getSections method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a non empty object.

Conformity requirement 2:
Preconditions: Effective frequency points have been tuned and locked, a Section Filter Group object has been created, newRingSectionFilter (int ringSize) is called to get the RingSectionFilter object, and timeouts and listeners are set.
Test method: First call the startFiltering method, input valid parameters, and then call the getSections method before the listener receives the SectionAvailableEvent message.
Conformity result: The method return value is empty.

| +| 68 | SectionFilterEvent | getSource() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked.
Test method:

  1. a) Construct and implement the SectionFilterListener object;
  2. b) Call the newSimpleSectionFilter method of the SectionFilterGroup to create a pair of SectionFilter objects, call setTimeout to set a timeout, and call addSectionFilterListener to bind listeners;
  3. c) Call the attach method of SectionFilterGroup;
  4. d) Call the startFiltering method of SectionFilter and input valid parameters;
  5. e) Wait for the callback sectionFilterUpdate to obtain the sectionFilterEvent object;
  6. f) Call the getSource method.
| + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: The return value is the filter object created in step b). | +| 69 | | getAppData() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been tuned and locked.
Test method:
a) Construct and implement the SectionFilterListener object;
b) Call the newSimpleSectionFilter method of the SectionFilterGroup to create a pair of SectionFilter objects, call setTimeout to set a timeout, and call addSectionFilterListener to bind listeners;
c) Call the attach method of SectionFilterGroup;
d) Call the startFiltering method of SectionFilter and input valid parameters;
e) Wait for the callback sectionFilterUpdate to obtain the sectionFilterEvent object;
f) Call the getAppData method.

Conformity result: The return value is consistent with the input appData parameter values in step d.

| +| 70 | VersionChangeDetectedEvent | getOriginalVersion() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: By obtaining the time of the SectionFilterEvent, obtain the event that the Section has changed, which is the VersionChangeDetectedEvent object.
Test method: Call the getOriginalVersion method.
Conformity result: The method returns an int type value, indicating the old version number of the segment data.

| +| 71 | | getNewVersion() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: By obtaining the SectionFilterEvent event, obtain the event that the Section has changed, which is the VersionChangeDetectedEvent object.
Test method: Call the getNewVersion method.
Conformity result: The method returns an int value, indicating the new version number of the segment data.

| +| 72 | ForcedDisconnectedEvent | getSource() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the ForcedDisconnectedEvent object.
Test method: Call the getSource method.
Conformity result: The method return value is the corresponding filter.

| +| 73 | Locator | Locator() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the Locator method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a non empty Locator object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the Locator method and input

| + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Locator | | parameters.
Conformity result: The method return value is a non empty Locator object. | +| 74 | | hasMultipleTransformations() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The Locator object has been created.
Test method: Call the hasMultipleTransformations method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a value of false. | +| 75 | | toExternalForm() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call Locator, input string parameters, and then call toExternalForm method.
Conformity result: The method return value is consistent with the input string. | +| 76 | | toString() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call Locator, and then call the toString method.
Conformity result: The method return value is NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call Locator, input string parameters, and then call toString method.
Conformity result: The method return value is consistent with the input string. | +| 77 | | equals() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the Locator method, input the same parameters, construct two objects, and then call The equals method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a value of true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the Locator method to input different string parameters, and then call the equals method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a value of false. | +| 78 | DvbLocator | DvbLocator() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the Locator method and enter invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Thrown the exception of an InvalidLocatorException during method execution.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the Locator method, input validparameters in the format "dvb://original_network_id.transport_stream_id". | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbLocator | |

Conformity result: The method returns a DvbLocator object.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: None.

Test method: Call the Locator method, input validparameters in the format "dvb://original_network_id.transport_stream_id.service_id.component_tag{&component_tag};event_id/filepath".

Conformity result: The method returns a DvbLocator object.

Conformity requirement 4:

Precondition: None.

Test method: Call the method of DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid, int serviceid, int eventid,int[] componenttags, String filePath), and input validparameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a DvbLocator object.

| +| 79 | | getComponentTags() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Construct a DvbLocator object using a uniform resource locator (URL) without component_tag.

Test method: Call the getComponentTags method.

Conformity result: The method returns an empty object.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Construct a DvbLocator object using a URL with component_tag.

Test method: Call the getComponentTags method.

Conformity result: The method returns a non empty object.

| +| 80 | | getEventId() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Construct a DvbLocator object using a URL without event_id.

Test method: Call the getEventId method.

Conformity result: The method returns a null value of -1.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Construct a DvbLocator object using a URL with event_id.

Test method: Call the getEventId method.

Conformity result: The method returns he same decimal value as the input event_id.

| +| 81 | | getFilePath() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Construct a DvbLocator object using a URL without a filepath.

Test method: Call the getFilePath method.

Conformity result: The method returns an empty object.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Construct a DvbLocator object

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbLocator | | using a URL with event_id.
Test method: Call the getFilePath method.
Conformity result: The method returns the input filepath value. | +| 82 | | getOriginalNetworkId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbLocator object has been constructed.
Test method: Call the getOriginalNetworkId method.
Conformity result: The method returns the same decimal value as the original_network_id. | +| 83 | | getTransportStreamId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbLocator object has been constructed.
Test method: Call the getTransportStreamId method.
Conformity result: The method returns the same decimal value as the transport_stream_id. | +| 84 | | getServiceId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbLocator object has been constructed.
Test method: Call the getServiceId method.
Conformity result: The method returns the same decimal value as the service_id. | +| 85 | | toExternalForm() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the Locator method, input a valid parameter in the format of "dvb://original_network_id.transport_stream_id.service_id.component_tag{&component_tag};event_id/filepath", call the toExternalForm method.
Conformity result: The method returns a string that matches the input parameter.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the DvbLocator(int onid, int tsid, int serviceid, int eventid, int[] componenttags, String filePath) method with input valid parameters and then call the toExternalForm method.
Conformity result: The method returns a string starting with dvb://. | +| 86 | DvbNetworkBoundLocator | DvbNetworkBoundLocator() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the DvbNetworkBoundLocator method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns the DvbNetworkBoundLocator object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the DvbNetworkBoundLocator method and input | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw
InvalidLocatorExceptionEx exception during
method execution. | +| 87 | | getNetworkId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the
DvbNetworkBoundLocator method, input valid
parameters, and call the getNetworkId method.
Conformity result: The method return value is
the same as the input parameter value. | +| 88 | | SI_BOUQUET | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 89 | | SI_NETWORK | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 90 | | SI_SERVICE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 91 | | SI_TS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 92 | | SI_ES | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 4. | +| 93 | SICommonInf
ormation | SI_EVENT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 5. | +| 94 | | SI_TIME | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 6. | +| 95 | | getType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SICommonInformation
instance.
Test method: Call the getType method.
Conformity result: The method returns an int
value with a range of 0 to 6. | +| 96 | | getSIDatabase() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SICommonInformation
instance.
Test method: Call the getSIDatabase method.
Conformity result: The method returns a value
of SIDatabase type, indicating the PSI/SI
database to which the SI object of this interface
belongs. | +| 97 | SINetwork | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SINetwork instance.
Test method: Call the getNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method returns an int
value, indicating the acquisition of the network | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 98 | SINetwork | getNetworkName() | identifier (i.e., the network_id field of NIT).
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SINetwork instance.
Test method: Call the getNetworkName method.
Conformity result: The method returns a String value, indicating the acquisition of the network identifier (i.e., the network_id field of NIT). | +| 99 | | getShortNetworkName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SINetwork instance.
Test method: Call the getShortNetworkName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a String type, indicating the abbreviation of the network name. | +| 100 | | getServicesLocators() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SINetwork instance.
Test method: Call the getServicesLocators method.
Conformity result: The method returns an array of objects with a value of org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator, indicating the locators for all services in the network. | +| 101 | | getService(DvbLocator locator) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get the SINetwork instance.
Test method: Call the getService method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non empty SIService object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Obtain the SINetwork instance.
Test method: Call the getService method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns an empty object. | +| 102 | | getNetwork() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIBouquet instance.
Test method: Call the getNetwork method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type SINetwork, indicating the network object. | +| 103 | SIBouquet | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIBouquet instance.
Test method: Call the getNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the network identity. | +| 104 | | getBouquetID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIBouquet instance.
Test method: Call the getBouquetID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int , indicating the Bouquet identifier (i.e., the bouquet_id field in the BAT table). | +| 105 | | getBouquetName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIBouquet instance. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SIBouquet | | Test method: Call the getBouquetName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type String, indicating the full name of the Bouquet group. | +| 106 | | getShortBouquetName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIBouquet instance.
Test method: Call the getShortBouquetName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type String, indicating the abbreviation of the bouquet name obtained. | +| 107 | | getService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIBouquet instance.
Test method: Call the getService method.
Conformity result: The method return value is the SIService object. | +| 108 | | getServicesLocators() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIBouquet instance.
Test method: Call the getServicesLocators method.
Conformity result: Method return value is an org.davic.net.dvb.DvbNetworkBoundLocator array. | +| 109 | SIService | getServiceName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getServiceName method.
Conformity result: Method return value is a java.lang.String object, indicating the full name of the Service. | +| 110 | | getShortServiceName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getShortServiceName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a java.lang.String object, indicating the abbreviation of the Service name. | +| 111 | | getServiceProviderName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getServiceProviderName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a Java.lang.String object, indicating the full name of the Service provider. | +| 112 | | getShortServiceProviderName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getShortServiceProviderName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a java.lang.String object, indicating the abbreviation of the Service provider. | +| 113 | | getServiceType() | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getServiceType method.
Conformity result: The method return value is to obtain the service type (service_type), with a value range of 0 to 12. | +| 114 | | getChannelNumber() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getChannelNumber method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the logical channel number of the service. | +| 115 | | getDvbLocator() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getDvbLocator method.
Conformity result: The method return value is org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator object, indicating the locator of the service object. | +| 116 | | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the identification of the network to which the transport stream belongs. | +| 117 | SIService | getOriginalNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getOriginalNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the original network identifier to which the service object belongs. | +| 118 | | getTransportStreamID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getTransportStreamID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the transport stream identifier to which the service object belongs. | +| 119 | | getServiceID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getServiceID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the service identifier. | +| 120 | | getNetwork() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getNetwork method.
Conformity result: The method return value is the SINetwork object. | +| 121 | | getTransportStream() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getTransportStream method.
Conformity result: The method return value is | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | the SITransportStream object. | +| 122 | SIService | getBouquets() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getBouquets method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a SIBouquet array. | +| 123 | | getFreeCAMode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getFreeCAMode method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Boolean, true indicates that the service is scrambled, and reception is controlled by CA; False indicates that the service has not been scrambled and can be freely received. | +| 124 | | getPcrPID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getPcrPID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the TS_PID of the PCR referenced by the service. | +| 125 | | getEITPresentFollowingFlag() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getEITPresentFollowingFlag method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Boolean. True indicates that the service has current/subsequent EIT information, while false indicates that the service has no current/subsequent EIT information. | +| 126 | | getEITScheduleFlag() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the getEITScheduleFlag method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Boolean, true indicates that the service has EIT schedule information, and false indicates that the service does not have EIT schedule information. | +| 127 | | retrieveElementaryStreams() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIService instance.
Test method: Call the retrieveElementaryStreams method.
Conformity result: The method return value is the SIRequest object. | +| 128 | SITransportStream | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SITransportStream instance.
Test method: Call the getNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the identification of the network to which the transport stream belongs. | +| 129 | | getOriginalNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SITransportStream instance.
Test method: Call the getOriginalNetworkID | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SITransportStream | | method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the original network identifier to which the transport stream object belongs. | +| 130 | | getTransportStreamID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SITransportStream instance.
Test method: Call the getTransportStreamID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the transport stream identifier of the transport stream object. | +| 131 | | getNetwork() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SITransportStream instance.
Test method: Call the getNetwork method.
Conformity result: The method return value is the SINetwork object. | +| 132 | SIElementaryStream | getComponentTag() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getComponentTag method.
Conformity result: The method return value is byte, indicating the label of the elementary stream component. If the elementary stream does not carry stream_identifier_descriptor, its component label value defaults to -2. | +| 133 | | getElementaryPID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getElementaryPID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type short, indicating the identification of the transport stream packet carrying the elementary stream. | +| 134 | | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the identification of the network to which the transport stream belongs. | +| 135 | | getOriginalNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getOriginalNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the original network identifier of the elementary stream object that implements the interface. | +| 136 | | getTransportStreamID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getTransportStreamID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the transport stream | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. | +| 137 | SIElementary Stream | getServiceID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getServiceID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the service identifier to which the elementary stream object belongs. | +| 138 | | getStreamType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getStreamType method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type byte, indicating the elementary stream type. | +| 139 | | getService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIElementaryStream instance.
Test method: Call the getService method.
Conformity result: The method return value is SIService object. | +| 140 | SIEvent | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the identification of the network to which the transport stream belongs. | +| 141 | | getOriginalNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getOriginalNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the original network identifier to which the event object belongs. | +| 142 | | getTransportStreamID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getTransportStreamID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the transport stream identifier to which the event object belongs. | +| 143 | | getServiceID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getServiceID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the service identifier to which the event object belongs. | +| 144 | | getEventID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getEventID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the event identifier. | +| 145 | | getDvbLocator() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getDvbLocator method.
Conformity result: The method return value is | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SIEvent | | org.davic.net.dvb.DvbLocator object, indicating the locator of the event object. | +| 146 | | getService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getService method.
Conformity result: The method return value is SIService object. | +| 147 | | getNibbles() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getNibbles method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a byte array. | +| 148 | | getStartTime() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getStartTime method.
Conformity result: The method return value is java.util.Date object, indicating the start time of the event. | +| 149 | | getDuration() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getDuration method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type long, indicating the duration of the event. | +| 150 | | getEndTime() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getEndTime method.
Conformity result: The method return value is java.util.Date object, indicating the end time of the event. | +| 151 | | getEventName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getEventName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type String , indicating that the full name of the event (eventname) is obtained. | +| 152 | | getShortEventName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getShortEventName method.
Conformity result: The method return value is java.lang.String object, indicating the abbreviation of the event name. If there is no abbreviation information, it should return NULL. | +| 153 | | getEventDescription() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getEventDescription method.
Conformity result: The method return value is java.lang.String object, indicating the description of the event. | +| 154 | | getFreeCAMode() | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SIEvent | | Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getFreeCAMode method.
Conformity result: The method return value is Boolean, true indicates that the event is scrambled, and reception is controlled by CA; False indicates no scrambling and free reception. | +| 155 | | getRunningStatus() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getRunningStatus method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type byte, indicating the running status of the event. | +| 156 | SITime | getUTCTime() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SITime instance.
Test method: Call the getUTCTime method.
Conformity result: The method return value is java.util.Date object, indicating coordinated universal time (UTC) and retrieving information from time date table (TDT) or time of transmission (TOT). | +| 157 | SIDescriptor | getByteAt(int index) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get SIDescriptor instance.
Test method: Call the getByteAt method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type byte, indicating the content of a byte at the specified position.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get SIDescriptor instance.
Test method: Call the getByteAt method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw a java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException during method execution. | +| 158 | | getContent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIDescriptor instance.
Test method: Call the getContent method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a byte array, indicating the content part of the descriptor. | +| 159 | | getContentLength() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIDescriptor instance.
Test method: Call the getContentLength method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type short, indicating the length of the descriptor content part, in bytes. | +| 160 | | getTag() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIDescriptor instance.
Test method: Call the getTag method.
Conformity result: The method return value is short, indicating the descriptor label field value. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 161 | SIRequest | cancelRequest() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIRequest instance.
Test method: Call the cancelRequest method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 162 | SIRetrieveListener | postEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Construct SIRetrieveListener instance.
Test method: Call the postEvent method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 163 | SIUpdateListener | postEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addNITUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call back the postEvent method when there is a change in the NIT table in the waiting flow.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 164 | SIDatabase | getDatabase() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getDatabase method.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIDatabase array with a length greater than 0. | +| 165 | | getID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SIDatabase object already exists.
Test method: Call the getID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is valid. | +| 166 | | addNITUpdateListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addNITUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call back the postEvent method when there is a change in the NIT table in the waiting flow.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 167 | | removeNITUpdateListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addNITUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the removeNITUpdateListener method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 168 | SIDatabase | addBATUpdateListener() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addBATUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call back the postEvent method when there is a change in the BAT table in the waiting flow.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful.

| +| 169 | | removeBATUpdateListener() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addBATUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the removeBATUpdateListener method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful.

| +| 170 | | addPATUpdateListener() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addPATUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call back the postEvent method when there is a change in the PAT table in the waiting flow.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful.

| +| 171 | | removePATUpdateListener() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addPATUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the removePATUpdateListener method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful.

| +| 172 | | addPMTUpdateListener() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addPMTUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call back the postEvent method when there is a change in the PMT table in the waiting flow.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 173 | SIDatabase | removePMTUpdateListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addPMTUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the removePMTUpdateListener method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 174 | | addSDTUpdateListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addSDTUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call back the postEvent method when there is a change in the SDT table in the waiting flow.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 175 | | removeSDTUpdateListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addSDTUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the removeSDTUpdateListener method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful. | +| 176 | | getAllNetworks() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getAllNetworks method.
Conformity result: The method returns a SINetwork array with a length greater than 0. | +| 177 | | getAllServices() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getAllServices method.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIService array with a length greater than 0. | +| 178 | | getAllTransportStreams() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getAllTransportStreams method. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: The method returns a SITransportStream array with a length greater than 0. | +| 179 | SIDatabase | getSIBouquets() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIBouquets method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIBouquet array with a length of 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIBouquets method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIBouquet array with a length greater than 0.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIBouquets method and input valid parameters, where service_id is -1.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIBouquet array with a length greater than 0.

| +| 180 | | getSIElementStreams() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIElementStreams method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIElementStream array with a length of 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIElementStreams method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIElementStream array with a length greater than 0.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIElementStreams method and input valid parameters, where service_id is -1.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: The method returns a SIElementStream array with a length greater than 0. | +| 181 | SIDatabase | getSIServices() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIServices method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIService array with a length of 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIServices method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIService array with a length greater than 0.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Already searched (automatic search, manual search, interval search, etc.), obtained SIDatabase instance through the getDatabase method of SIDatabase.
Test method: Call the getSIServices method and input valid parameters, where service_id is -1.
Conformity result: The method returns a SIService array with a length greater than 0.

| +| 182 | | getPreferredLanguage() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SIDatabase object already exists.
Test method: First call the setPreferredLanguage method, input valid parameters, and then call the getPreferredLanguage method.
Conformity result: The method return value is consistent with the input.

| +| 183 | | setPreferredLanguage() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SIDatabase object already exists.
Test method: Call the setPreferredLanguage method.
Conformity result: The method execution is successful.

| +| 184 | SIRequestFailureType | getCode() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIRequestFailureType instance.
Test method: Call the getCode method.
Conformity result: The method returns an int value with a range of 0 to 3.

| +| 185 | | toString() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIRequestFailureType instance.
Test method: Call the toString method.
Conformity result: The method return value is valid.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 186 | SIRetrieveEvent | getSource() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIRetrieveEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getSource method.
Conformity result: The method return value is an Object object, indicating the SIRequest object that generated the event. | +| 187 | | getAppData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get SIRetrieveEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getAppData method.
Conformity result: The method return value is a java.lang.Object object, indicating additional application data. | +| 188 | SISuccessRetrieveEvent | getResult() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SISuccessRetrieveEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getResult method.
Conformity result: The method return value is valid. | +| 189 | SIFailureRetrieveEvent | getReason() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get the SIFailureRetrieveEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getReason method.
Conformity result: The method return value is SIRequestFailureType object, indicating the reason for PSI/SI information retrieval failure. | +| 190 | SIUpdateEvent | getTableID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addNITUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the postEvent method when the NIT table in the flow changes, retrieve the SIUpdateEvent object, and call the getTableID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the PSI/SI table identifier (table_id) where the update occurred. | +| 191 | | getBouquetID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addBATUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the postEvent method when the BAT table in the flow changes, retrieve the SIUpdateEvent object, and call the getBouquetID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the identification of the service bouquet. | +| 192 | | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SIUpdateEvent | | addNITUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the postEvent method when the NIT table in the flow changes, retrieve the SIUpdateEvent object, and call the getNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the network identity. | +| 193 | | getOriginalNetworkID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addNITUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the postEvent method when the NIT table in the flow changes, retrieve the SIUpdateEvent object, and call the getOriginalNetworkID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the original network identifier. | +| 194 | | getServiceID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addPMTUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the postEvent method when the PMT table in the flow changes, retrieve the SIUpdateEvent object, and call the getServiceID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the service identifier. | +| 195 | | getTransportStreamID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The effective frequency point has been locked, and the SIDatabase instance is obtained through the getDatabase method of the SIDatabase. The SIRetrieveListener instance constructed by binding the addSDTUpdateListener is called.
Test method: Call the postEvent method when the SDT table in the flow changes, retrieve the SIUpdateEvent object, and call the getTransportStreamID method.
Conformity result: The method return value is of type int, indicating the transport stream identifier. | + +### A.3 Conformance test of access unit interfaces for two-way broadband networks + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Listener | onAvailabilityChanged() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package.
Test method: In the testing program, create the EthernetManager object, call the addListener() method to register the callback function, and change the network status by plugging and unplugging the network cable.
Conformity result: The callback function is called when the network state changes. | +| 2 | DhcpInfo | ipAddress | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package.
Test method: In the testing program, create an EthernetManager object and call the getDhcpInfo() method.
Conformity result: The returned DhcpInfo object is not empty. | +| 3 | | Gateway | | +| 4 | | dns1 | | +| 5 | | dns2 | | +| 6 | | serverAddress | | +| 7 | EthernetManager | ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package.
Test method: In the testing program, create an EthernetManager object, access the getNetLinkStatus() method in EthernetManager, and change the network status by plugging and unplugging the network cable.
Conformity result: The getNetLinkStatus() method returns the status of ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED. | +| 8 | | ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package.
Test method: In the testing program, create an EthernetManager object, access the getNetLinkStatus() method in EthernetManager, and change the network status by plugging and unplugging the network cable.
Conformity result: The getNetLinkStatus() method returns the status of ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED. | +| 9 | | ETHERNET_STATE_UNKNOWN | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package.
Test method: In the testing program, create an EthernetManager object, access the getNetLinkStatus() method in EthernetManager, and change the network status by plugging and unplugging the network cable.
Conformity result: The getNetLinkStatus() method returns the status of ETHERNET_STATE_UNKNOWN. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 10 | EthernetManager | EVENT_DHCP_CONNECT_SUCCESS
ED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package.
Test method: In the testing program, create an EthernetManager object, access the getNetLinkStatus() method in EthernetManager, and connect to the network through DHCP in the settings.
Conformity result: The getNetLinkStatus() method returns the status of
EVENT_DHCP_CONNECT_SUCESSED | +| 11 | | EVENT_DHCP_CONNECT_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object, access the getNetLinkStatus() method in EthernetManager, and disable DHCP in settings.
Conformity result: The getNetLinkStatus() method returns the status of
EVENT_DHCP_CONNECT_FAILED. | +| 12 | | isAvailable() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: Create an EthernetManager object in the test programme and call the isAvailable() method.
Conformity result: Method returns true.
Conformity Requirement 2:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device is not initialized.
Test method: Create an EthernetManager object in the test programme and call the isAvailable() method.
Conformity result: Method returns false. | +| 13 | | addListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, create an EthernetManager object, call the addListener() method to register a callback function, and change the network status by plugging and unplugging the network cable.
Conformity result: The callback function will be called. | +| 14 | | removeListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EthernetManager | | Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object, call the removeListener() method to delete the callback function, and change the network status by plugging and unplugging the network cable.
Conformity result: The callback function will not be called. | +| 15 | | getConfiguration() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getConfiguration() method.
Conformity result: The method returns the configuration information of the IP. | +| 16 | | setConfiguration() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setConfiguration() method and getConfiguration() method.
Conformity result: The information obtained by getConfiguration() is consistent with the information set by setConfiguration(). | +| 17 | | setEthernetEnabled() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setEthernetEnabled() method with a parameter of true.
Conformity result: Ethernet is enabled. | +| 18 | | getEthernetState() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getEthernetState() method.
Conformity result: Return the ethernet status. | +| 19 | | getDhcpInfo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EthernetManager | | Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getDhcpInfo() method.
Conformity result: Return the status of DHCP. | +| 20 | | getNetLinkStatus() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getNetLinkStatus() method.
Conformity result: Return the status of the physical connection. | +| 21 | | getInterfaceName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getInterfaceName() method.
Conformity result: Return the ethernet interface name. | +| 22 | | setEthernetMode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setEthernetMode() method.
Conformity result: Set the Ethernet connection mode, such as dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP), point-to-point protocol over Ethernet (PPPOE), etc. | +| 232 | | getEthernetMode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setEthernetMode() method and getEthernetMode() method.
Conformity result: The information obtained by getEthernetMode() is consistent with the information set by setEthernetMode(). | +| 24 | | getDeviceNameList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EthernetManager | | an EthernetManager object and call the getDeviceNameList() method.
Conformity result: Return a list of Ethernet ports. | +| 25 | | getTotalInterface() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getTotalInterface() method.
Conformity result: Return the number of available physical ethernet interface. | +| 26 | | enableEthernet() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the enableEthernet() method.
Conformity result: Ethernet is enabled, and the tested device can be connected to the ethernet. | +| 27 | | setInterfaceName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setInterfaceName() method.
Conformity result: Set Ethernet name. | +| 28 | | getDhcpOption60State() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getDhcpOption60State() method.
Conformity result: Return the status of Dhcp Option60/Option61. | +| 29 | | getDhcpOption60Login() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getDhcpOption60Login() method.
Conformity result: Return the username of Dhcp Option61. | +| 30 | | getDhcpOption60Password() | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EthernetManager | | Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getDhcpOption60Password() method.
Conformity result: Return the password for Dhcp Option60. | +| 31 | | setDhcpOption60() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setDhcpOption60() method.
Conformity result: Set the username and password for Dhcp Option60. | +| 32 | | getDhcpOption125State() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getDhcpOption125State() method.
Conformity result: Return the status of DHCP Option125. | +| 33 | | getDhcpOption125Info() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getDhcpOption125Info() method.
Conformity result: Return information for DHCP Option125. | +| 34 | | setDhcpOption125() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setDhcpOption125() method.
Conformity result: Set information for DHCP Option125. | +| 35 | | enableIpv6() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing programme | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EthernetManager | | Create an EthernetManager object and call the enableIpv6() method.
Conformity result: Enable IPv6 ethernet. | +| 36 | | getIpv6PersistedState() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the getIpv6PersistedState() method.
Conformity result: Return the status of DHCPv6. | +| 37 | | setEthernetMode6() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create an EthernetManager object and call the setEthernetMode6() method.
Conformity result: Set the mode for obtaining IPv6 addresses. | +| 38 | ActionListener | onSuccess() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, An object implements this interface class, calling the onSuccess() method in the object.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 39 | | onFailure() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, An object implements this interface class, calling the onFailure() method in the object.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 40 | WifiInfo | getMacAddress() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiInfo object and call the getMacAddress() method.
Conformity result: Return the media access control (MAC) address of the hotspot route. | +| 41 | | getSSID() | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | WifiInfo | |

Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.

Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiInfo object and call the getSSID() method.

Conformity result: Return the service set identifier (SSID) of the current network connection.

| +| 42 | | getLinkSpeed() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.

Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiInfo object and call the getLinkSpeed() method.

Conformity result: Return the speed of the ethernet connection.

| +| 43 | | getNetworkId() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.

Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiInfo object and call the getNetworkId() method.

Conformity result: Return the identification number of the current network connection.

| +| 44 | | getBSSID() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.

Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiInfo object and call the getBSSID() method.

Conformity result: Return the basic service set identifier (BSSID) of the access point.

| +| 45 | | getIpAddress() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.

Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiInfo object and call the getIpAddress() method.

Conformity result: Return the IP address of the current connection.

| +| 46 | WifiInfo | getFrequency() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.

Test method: In the testing program, Create

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | a WifiInfo object and call the getFrequency() method.
Conformity result: Return the transmission frequency of the current connection. | +| 47 | WifiManager | ERROR_AUTHENTICATING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFi Manager object and access the constant ERROR_AUTHENTICATING.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 48 | | WIFI_STATE_DISABLING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and access the constant WIFI_STATE_DISABLING.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 49 | | WIFI_STATE_DISABLED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and access the constant WIFI_STATE_DISABLED.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 50 | | WIFI_STATE_ENABLING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and access the constant WIFI_STATE_ENABLING.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 51 | | WIFI_STATE_ENABLED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and access the constant WIFI_STATE_ENABLED.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 52 | | WIFI_STATE_UNKNOWN | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 53 | WifiManager | WifiManager() | Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and access the constant WIFI_STATE_UNKNOWN.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 54 | | getConfiguredNetworks() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and call the getconfiguredNetworks() method.
Conformity result: Return the current available WiFi network connection configuration. | +| 55 | | addNetwork() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the addNetwork() method.
Conformity result: Add a network configuration. | +| 56 | | removeNetwork() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the removeNetwork() method.
Conformity result: Remove a specified network configuration. | +| 57 | | enableNetwork() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | WifiManager | | enableNetwork() method.
Conformity result: Enable a certain network connection. | +| 58 | | disableNetwork() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the disableNetwork() method.
Conformity result: Disabled a certain network connection. | +| 59 | | getConnectionInfo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the getConnectionInfo() method.
Conformity result: Return the current connection information. | +| 60 | | isWifiEnabled() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the isWifiEnabled() method.
Conformity result: Check if WiFi is enabled. | +| 61 | | setWifiEnabled() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the setWifiEnabled() method.
Conformity result: Set WiFi to on or off. | +| 62 | | saveConfiguration() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFi Manager object and call the saveConfiguration() method.
Conformity result: Successfully saved network configuration. | +| 63 | | getScanResults() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | WifiManager | | getScanResults() method.
Conformity results: Obtain scan results. | +| 64 | | startScan() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and call the startScan() method.
Conformity result: Start scanning. | +| 65 | | disconnect() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the disconnect() method.
Conformity result: Disconnect from the current network connection point. | +| 66 | | reassociate() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the reassociate() method.
Conformity result: Reassociate the current network connection point. | +| 67 | | reconnect() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WiFiManager object and call the reconnect() method.
Conformity result: Reconnect to the current network. | +| 68 | | getDhcpInfo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and call the getDhcpInfo() method.
Conformity result: Return the result information of the previous DHCP request. | + +| Serial No. | Class/
Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 69 | | getWifiState() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a WifiManager object and call the getWifiState() method.
Conformity result: Return the status of WiFi. | +| 70 | ScanResult | SSID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a ScanResult object to access SSID members.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 71 | | BSSID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a ScanResult object and access BSSID members.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 72 | | capabilities | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a ScanResult object and access the capabilities member.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 73 | | Frequency | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a ScanResult object and access frequency members.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | +| 74 | | level | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Test the programme for importing the org.tvos.net package and the Ethernet of the tested device has been initialized.
Test method: In the testing program, Create a ScanResult object and access level members.
Conformity result: The test programme can be compiled and passed. | + +### A.4 Conformance test of HCI unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | NgbKeyListener | notifyKeyEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Keyboard input conditions are required.
Test method: Call notifyKeyEvent() to register a key event to notify the use of the key input device, and trigger the button pressing and popping process.
Conformity result: notifyKeyEvent returns success, a key event notification occurs, and the notification emits a key event that matches the actual trigger key. | +| 2 | NgbMouseListener | notifyMouseEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input conditions are required.
Test method: Call notifyMouseEvent() to register for button event notifications; Use a mouse input device to trigger the button pressing and popping process.
Conformity result: notifyMouseEvent returns success, a key event notification occurs, and the key event sent by the notification matches the actual trigger key. | +| 3 | FrontPanel | ALIGN_CENTER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 4 | | ALIGN_LEFT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 5 | | ALIGN_RIGHT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 6 | | STATUS_OFF | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 7 | | STATUS_ON | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 8 | | STATUS_UNKNOWN | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 9 | FrontPanel | TYPE_MAIL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 10 | | TYPE_SIGNAL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 11 | | TYPE_POWER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 12 | | TYPE_RADIO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 13 | | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A front panel device is required.
Test method: Call getInstance() to obtain the front panel instance.
Conformity result: getInstance returns success to get an instance of the system implementation of the front panel. | +| 14 | | clear() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A front panel device is required, and display the string.
Test method: Call clear() to clear all displayed information on the front panel.
Conformity result: Clear returns success, clear succeeds, the content displayed on the front panel is cleared. | +| 15 | | displayDate(Date date) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A front panel device is required.
Test method: Call displayDate() to write the current time and date information.
Conformity result: DisplayDate returns success, displays success, and the front panel displays the current time. | +| 16 | | displayText(String str) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A front panel device is required.
Test method: Call displayText() to write the string information.
Conformity result: DisplayText returns success, displays success, and the front panel displays the currently written string. | +| 17 | | getStatus(int type) | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Precondition: A front panel device is required.
Test method: Call getStatus() to obtain the status of a specific type of indicator light on the front panel.
Conformity result: getStatus returns success, obtains status successfully and the obtained status matches the actual situation. | +| 18 | | setStatus(int type, int value) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A front panel device is required.
Test method: Call setStatus() to set the status of specific types of indicator lights on the front panel.
Conformity result: setStatus returns successful, set successfully, and check if the indicator light status matches the set situation. | +| 19 | | getMaxChars() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A front panel device is required.
Test method: Call getMaxChars() to obtain the maximum number of strings that can be displayed on the front panel; Call displayText() to write a string of the corresponding length.
Conformity result: getMaxChars returns success, get success, display correctly after filling in the string according to the requirements of the display. | +| 20 | NgbInputManager | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Keyboard input device is required.
Test method: Call getInstance() to obtain the input control management instance implemented by the system.
Conformity result: getInstance returns success and gets success. | +| 21 | | addKeyEventListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Keyboard input device is required.
Test method: Call addKeyEventListener() to register the specified key event listener with the system.
Conformity result: Register Successfully. | +| 22 | | removeKeyEventListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Keyboard input device is required.
Test method: Call removeKeyEventListener() to remove the specified key event listener from the | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | system.
Conformity result: Remove Successful. | +| 23 | | injectKeyEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Keyboard input device is required.
Test method: Call injectKeyEvent() to inject a specified key event into the system.
Conformance result: InjectKeyEvent returns success, injection is successful, and the key event listener can listen to the event. | +| 24 | | addMouseListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: Call addMouseListener() to register the specified mouse event listener with the system.
Conformity result: Register Successfully. | +| 25 | | removeMouseListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: Call removeMouseListener() to remove the specified mouse event listener from the system.
Conformity result: Remove Successful. | +| 26 | | injectMouseEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: Call injectMouseEvent() to inject a specified mouse event into the system.
Conformity result: InjectMouseEvent returns success, injection is successful, and the mouse event listener can listen to the event. | +| 27 | NgbInputEvent | getEventTime() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Input device is required.
Test method: The input device triggers an input event and calls getEventTime() to obtain the generation time value of the input event.
Conformity result: GetEventTime returns the time value, and the obtained input event | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | generation time matches the actual time. | +| 28 | | getSource() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Input device is required.
Test method: The input device triggers an input event and calls getSource() to retrieve the source of the input event.
Conformity result: GetSource returns the generation source, and the obtained input event generation source matches the actual one. | +| 29 | | getAction() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Keyboard input device is required.
Test method: The key input device triggers an input event and calls getAction() to obtain the status of the input event.
Conformity result: getAction returns the event status, and the obtained button input event status matches the actual situation. | +| 30 | KeyEvent | getCode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Keyboard input device is required.
Test method: The key input device triggers an input event and calls getCode() to obtain the key value code of the input event.
Conformity result: GetCode returns the key value code, and the obtained key value code for the key input event matches the actual situation. | +| 31 | | getAction() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: The mouse input device triggers an input event and calls getAction() to obtain the status of the input event.
Conformity result: getAction returns the event status, and the obtained mouse input event status is successful and matches the actual situation. | +| 32 | | getCode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: The mouse input device triggers an input event and calls getCode() to obtain the key value code of the input event.
Conformity result: getCode returns the key code, and the obtained key value code for the mouse input event is successful and matches the actual value. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 33 | MouseEvent | getButton() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: The mouse input device triggers an input event and calls getButton() to obtain the mouse button of the input event.
Conformity result: getButton returns the mouse button, and the obtained mouse input events for mouse buttons is successful and matches the actual value. | +| 34 | | getX() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: The mouse input device moves the mouse to trigger an input event, and calls getX() to obtain the mouse focus X-axis position for the input event.
Conformity result: getX returns the position value, and the obtained mouse focus X-axis position for mouse input event is successful and matches the actual value. | +| 35 | | getY() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Mouse input device is required.
Test method: The mouse input device moves the mouse to trigger an input event, and calls getY() to obtain the mouse focus Y-axis position for the input event.
Conformity result: getY returns the position value, and the obtained mouse focus Y-axis position for mouse input event is successful and matches the actual value. | +| 36 | NgbVoiceListener | onVoiceStart() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A voice input device is required.
Test method: Call the onVoiceStart() function to start voice input.
Conformity result: Function call succeeds, beginning the voice input. | +| 37 | | onVoiceEnd() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A voice input device is required, voice input has started.
Test method: Call the onVoiceEnd() function to end language input.
Conformity result: Function call succeeds, ending the voice input. | +| 38 | | onVoiceResult() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A voice input device is required, voice input has started and ended. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | NgbVoiceManager | | Test method: Call the onVoiceResult() function.
Conformity result: Function call succeeds, obtaining the results of voice recognition. | +| 39 | | onError() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A voice input device is required, voice input has started and ended.
Test method: Call the onError() function.
Conformity result: Function call succeeds, obtaining the error code in the voice process. | +| 40 | | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A voice input device is required.
Test method: Call the getInstance() function.
Conformity result: The function call succeeds, obtaining the instance successfully. | +| 41 | | startListening() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: A voice input device is required, the instance is successfully got.
Test method: Call the startListening() function.
Conformity result: The function call is successful. | +| 42 | | stopListening() | Precondition: A voice input device is required, the instance is successfully got, Voice monitoring begins.
Test method: Call the stopListening() function.
Conformity result: The function call is successful. | +| 43 | | cancel() | Precondition: A voice input device is required, the instance is successfully got, Voice monitoring begins.
Test method: Call the cancel() function.
Conformity result: The function call is successful. | +| 44 | | setVoiceListener() | Precondition: A voice input device is required, the instance is successfully got.
Test method: Call the setVoiceListener() function.
Conformity result: The function call is successful. | +| 45 | | release() | Precondition: A voice input device is required, the instance is successfully got.
Test method: Call the release() function.
Conformity result: The function call is successful. | + +### A.5 Conformance test of audio video (AV) setting unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | AudioSetting | CHANNEL_STEREO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 2 | | CHANNEL_LEFT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 3 | | CHANNEL_RIGHT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 4 | | CHANNEL_MIXED_MONO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 5 | | getOutputInterfaceList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All audio video (AV) ports are connected to the TV normally, and the system starts successfully.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, obtaining the available audio output port names for the system. | +| 6 | | getOutputInterfaceStatus(String port) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method call.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, obtaining the status of the system audio output port specified by the parameter.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The return value of the method call is false. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7 | AudioSetting | disableOutputInterface(String port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method call.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, the system audio output interface specified by the parameter is disabled successfully.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV interfaces are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and the state of the system audio output interface remains unchanged.

| +| 8 | | enableOutputInterface(String port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method call.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the system audio output interface specified by the parameter is enabled successfully.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and system audio output interface status remains unchanged.

| +| 9 | | getOutputVolume() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the audio output port is in an

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AudioSetting | | enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOutputVolume method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained system volume value is within the range defined by the interface standard. | +| 10 | | setOutputVolume(int volume) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the audio output interface is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the setOutputVolume method with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the system volume value is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the audio output interface is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the setOutputVolume method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and system volume is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range. | +| 11 | | getOutputChannelMode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the audio output channel is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOutputChannelMode method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the system output channel type is obtained. | +| 12 | | setOutputChannelMode(int type) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the audio output channel is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the setOutputChannelMode method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the system output channel type is set according to parameter values, which | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All HDMI ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the audio output channel is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the setOutputChannelMode method, with parameters within the range defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and system output channel type remains unchanged.

| +| 13 | | getOutputSPDIFMode() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, the audio output port is enabled, and the Sony/Philips digital interconnect format (SPDIF) interface is connected to the AV amplifier.
Test method: Call the getOutputSPDIFMode method.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, obtaining the data format of the system SPDIF output interface.

| +| 14 | AudioSetting | setOutputSPDIFMode(int mode) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, the audio output port is enabled, and the SPDIF interface is connected to the AV amplifier.
Test method: Call the setOutputSPDIFMode method with parameters within the range defined by the interface standard.
Conformity results: The method is called successfully, and the system output sound format is set according to the parameter value, which is consistent with the sound format displayed by the AV amplifier.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, the audio output port is enabled, and the SPDIF interface is connected to the AV amplifier.
Test method: Call the setOutputSPDIFMode method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and system output sound format remains unchanged.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 15 | | isMute() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, the audio output port is enabled, and the mute interface is called.
Test method: Call the isMute method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the status of whether the system is silent is true, which matches the actual effect.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system starts successfully, the audio output port is enabled, and the unmute interface is called to unmute.
Test method: Call the isMute method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the status of whether the system is muted is false, which matches the actual effect.

| +| 16 | | mute() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, and the system starts successfully.
Test method: Call the mute method.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and system is muted.

| +| 17 | | unMute() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, and the system starts successfully.
Test method: Call the unMute method.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and system is unmuted.

| +| 18 | | getOutputHDMIIFMode() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: HDMI port is connected to AV amplifier input, AV amplifier HDMI output is connected to TV, and the system starts successfully, HDMI audio output port is in enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOutputHDMIIFMode method.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, obtaining the data format of the system HDMI output interface.

| +| 19 | | setOutputHDMIIMode(int mode) |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: HDMI port is connected to AV amplifier input, AV amplifier HDMI output is connected to TV, and the system starts successfully, HDMI audio output port is in enabled state.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Test method: Call the setOutputHDMIMode method with parameters within the range defined by the interface standard.

Conformity results: The method is called successfully, and the type of system HDMI output sound is set according to the parameter value, which is consistent with the actual displayed value of AV Amplifier.

Conformity requirement 2.

Preconditions: HDMI port is normally connected to the AV amplifier, the HDMI output of the AV amplifier is connected to the TV, the system is successfully started, and the audio output port is enabled.

Test Method: Call setOutputHDMIMode method, the parameter is other than the range of interface standard definition.

Conformity results: Method call fails, and the type of system HDMI output sound is unchanged.

| +| 20 | VideoSetting | getOutputInterfaceList() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, and the system starts successfully.

Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceList method.

Conformity result: The call succeeds, obtaining the name of the available video output port.

| +| 21 | | getOutputInterfaceStatus(String port) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.

Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.

Conformity result: The call succeeds, obtaining the status of the system video output port specified by the parameter.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.

Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.

Conformity result: The return value of the

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 22 | VideoSetting | | method call is false. | +| | | disableOutputInterface(String port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
The method is called successfully, and the system video output port specified by the parameter is closed successfully.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the system video output port specified by the parameter is disabled successfully.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: Method call fails, the status of the system video output port remains unchanged.

| +| 23 | | enableOutputInterface(String port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the system video output port specified by the parameter is enabled successfully.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: Method call fails, the status of system video output port remains unchanged.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 24 | | getOutputMatchMethod() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOutputMatchMethod method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the aspect ratio adaptation mode value for system video outputs is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 25 | | getOutputBrightness() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOutputBrightness method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the value of the system brightness is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 26 | | getOutputContrast() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOutputContrast method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the value of system contrast size is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 27 | | getOutputSaturation() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOutputSaturation method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained value of system saturation size is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 28 | | getOutputStandard(int device) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: For the getOutputStandard method called by the high-definition system,

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

the parameter is the VOUT_HD defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained value of system model format is within the range defined by the interface standard.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: For the getOutputStandard method called by the standard definition system, the parameter is the VOUT_SD defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained value of system model format is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 29 | | getOutputStandards(int device) |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: For the getOutputStandards method called by the standard definition system, the parameter is the VOUT_SD defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained values of all system model format are within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 30 | | getOutputTransparency() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the getOutputTransparency method.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained values of system transparency size is within the interface standard definition.

| +| 31 | | setOutputMatchMethod(int matchMethod) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputMatchMethod method with parameters within the standard definition of

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

the interface.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the aspect ratio adaptation mode value for system video outputs is within the range of the interface standard definition, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputMatchMethod method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: Method call fails, and the aspect ratio adaptation mode of the set-top video output box remains unchanged.

| +| 32 | | setOutputBrightness(int value) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputBrightness method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the value of the system brightness is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputBrightness method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the system volume is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 33 | | setOutputContrast(int value) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputContrast method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds,

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

and the value of system contrast size is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputContrast method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the system contrast is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 34 | | setOutputSaturation(int value) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputSaturation method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the saturation (chromaticity) of the video output is set according to the parameter values, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputSaturation method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the saturation (chromaticity) of the video output is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 35 | | |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: For HD system call setOutputStandard method, device parameter is VOUT_HD, standard parameter is within the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the format value of the system video signal is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | setOutputStandard() |

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: For SD system call setOutputStandard method, device parameter is VOUT_SD, standard parameter is within the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the format value of the system video signal is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: For HD system call setOutputStandard method, device parameter is VOUT_HD, standard parameter is within the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and the system video signal format value remains unchanged.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: For SD system call setOutputStandard method, device parameter is VOUT_SD, standard parameter is within the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and the system video signal format value remains unchanged.

| +| 36 | | setOutputTransparency() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the setOutputTransparency method, with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the system transparency size value is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputTransparency method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the system transparency is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 37 | | getOutputAspectRatio() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the getOutputAspectRatio method.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained aspect ratio of the system video output is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 38 | | setOutputAspectRatio() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputAspectRatio method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the aspect ratio mode value of system video output is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setOutputAspectRatio method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: Method call fails, and the aspect ratio adaptation mode of the set-top video output box remains unchanged.

| +| 39 | | GetColorSpaceMode() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Calls the GetColorSpaceMode method.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 40 | | GetDeepColorMode() |

Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained color space mode value of the system video output is within the range defined by the interface standard.

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the GetDeepColorMode method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained color depth mode value of the system's video output is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 41 | | SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the color space and color depth mode values for the system video output are set according to the parameter values, which actually work.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Calls the SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: Method call fails, the color space and color depth mode values of the set-top video output remain unchanged.

| +| 42 | | GetHDRType() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the GetHDRType method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the current correct high dynamic range (HDR) mode is obtained.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 43 | | SetHDRType() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetHDRType method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the HDR mode value of the system's video output is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetHDRType method with parameters outside the scope of the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and the HDR mode value of the set-top video output remains unchanged.

| +| 44 | | GetStereoOutMode() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the GetStereoOutMode method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained stereo mode value of the system's video output is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 45 | | SetStereoOutMode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetStereoOutMode method with a number within the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the stereo R mode value of the system video output is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the SetStereoOutMode method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and the stereo mode value of the set-top video output remains unchanged. | +| 46 | | GetRightEyeFirst() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the GetRightEyeFirst method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and gets whether the right eye in front value of the stereo mode of the system's video output is within the range defined by the interface standard. | +| 47 | | SetRightEyeFirst() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetRightEyeFirst method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and Stereoscopic right eye in front mode value of the system video output is set according to the parameter values, which actually works.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetRightEyeFirst method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and Stereoscopic right eye in front mode value of the system video output remains unchanged. | +| 48 | | GetStereoDepth() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the GetStereoDepth method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained stereo mode depth value of | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | the system's video output is within the range defined by the interface standard. | +| 49 | | SetStereoDepth(int depth) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetStereoDepth method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the stereo mode depth value of the system's video output is set according to parameter values, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the SetStereoDepth method with parameters other than the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the stereo mode depth value of the system's video output is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 50 | | getPictureMode() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the getPictureMode method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained image mode value of the system video output is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 51 | | setPictureMode(int mode) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the setPictureMode method with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the obtained image mode value of the system video output is set according to the parameter value, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setPictureMode method with parameters other than the standard definition of the interface.

Conformity result: Method call fails, and the image value of set-top video output remains unchanged.

| +| 52 | | getDisplayHue() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the getDisplayHue method.

Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the hue value of system video output is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 53 | | setDisplayHue(int hue) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setDisplayHue method, with parameters within the standard definition of the interface.

Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the hue value of system video output is set according to the parameter value, which actually work.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call the setDisplayHue method with parameters other than the scope of the interface standard definition.

Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the hue value of system video output is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 54 | | SaveDisplayFmt() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.

Test method: Call SaveDisplayFmt method.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and the system saves the video output parameter configurations, and the video output parameter configurations can be maintained and not lost after the system is powered down and restarted. | +| 55 | | setOptimalFormatEnable() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the setOptimalFormatEnable method.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and returns TRUE. | +| 56 | | getOptimalFormatEnable() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system is successfully started, and the video output port is in an enabled state.
Test method: Call the getOptimalFormatEnable method.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, and obtains the enable status of the current correct automated video output format. | + +### A.6 Conformance test of media processing unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | | MEDIA_ERROR_UNKNOWN | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1. | +| 2 | | MEDIA_ERROR_SERVER_DIED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 100. | +| 3 | | MEDIA_ERROR_NOT_VALID_FOR_PROGRESSIVE_PLAYBACK | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 200. | +| 4 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_START_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1000. | +| 5 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_SETPACE_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | Conformity result: Constant value is 1001. | +| 6 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_SEEK_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1002. | +| 7 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_PAUSE_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1003. | +| 8 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_RESUME_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1004. | +| 9 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_STOP_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1005. | +| 10 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_URL_INVALID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1006. | +| 11 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_RESOURCE_UNAVAILABLE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1007. | +| 12 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_AUDIO_DECODE_ERROR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1008. | +| 13 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_VIDEO_DECODE_ERROR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1009. | +| 14 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_VIDEO_DEC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1010. | +| 15 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_AUDIO_DEC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1011. | +| 16 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | Conformity result: Constant value is 1012. | +| 17 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_VOD_SEARCH_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1300. | +| 18 | | TVOS_MEDIA_ERROR_VOD_OUT_OF_RANGE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1301. | +| 19 | | MEDIA_INFO_UNKNOWN | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1. | +| 20 | | MEDIA_INFO_STARTED_AS_NEXT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 2. | +| 21 | | MEDIA_INFO_RENDERING_START | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 3. | +| 22 | | MEDIA_INFO_VIDEO_TRACK_LAGGING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 700. | +| 23 | | MEDIA_INFO_BUFFERING_START | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 701. | +| 24 | | MEDIA_INFO_BUFFERING_END | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 702. | +| 25 | | MEDIA_INFO_NETWORK_BANDWIDTH | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 703. | +| 26 | | MEDIA_INFO_BAD_INTERLEAVING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 800. | +| 27 | | MEDIA_INFO_NOT_SEEKABLE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 28 | MediaPlayer | MEDIA_INFO_METADATA_UPDATE | Conformity result: Constant value is 801.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 802. | +| 29 | | MEDIA_INFO_EXTERNAL_METADATA_UPDATE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 803. | +| 30 | | MEDIA_INFO_TIMED_TEXT_ERROR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 900. | +| 31 | | MEDIA_INFO_UNSUPPORTED_SUBTITLE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 901. | +| 32 | | MEDIA_INFO_SUBTITLE_TIMED_OUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 902. | +| 33 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_START_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1000. | +| 34 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_TUNE_LOCK_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1001. | +| 35 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_TUNE_LOCK_LOST | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1002. | +| 36 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_NO_STREAM | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1003. | +| 37 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_STREAM_RECOVER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1004. | +| 38 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_AUDIO_DECODE_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 39 | MediaPlayer | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_VIDEO_DECODE_SUCCESS | Conformity result: Constant value is 1005.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1006. | +| 40 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_PACE_CHANGE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1007. | +| 41 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_DVB_C_A_READY | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1100. | +| 42 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_DVB_C_A_NOT_READY | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1101. | +| 43 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_VOD_END_OF_STREAM | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1300. | +| 44 | | TVOS_MEDIA_INFO_VOD_BEGIN_OF_STREAM | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1301. | +| 45 | | MediaPlayer() | Conformity Requirements.
Precondition:None.
Test Method:Create a MediaPlayer object.
Conformity Result:MediaPlayer object created successfully. | +| 46 | | setDataSource() | Conformity Requirements.
Precondition:Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test Method:Call setDataSource() with valid input parameters.
Conformity Result:No return value, no error message is reported. | +| 47 | | prepareAsync() | Conformity Requirements.
Precondition:Successfully create a MediaPlayer object, listen to setOnPreparedListener, and setDataSource() succeeds.
Test method:call prepareAsync() interface.
Conformity result: No return value; receive MEDIA_PREPARED message | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 48 | MediaPlayer | prepare() | after prepare succeeds.
Conformity Requirements.
Precondition: Create a MediaPlayer object successfully, and setDataSource() succeeds.
Test method: call prepare() interface.
Conformity result: no return value, synchronization waiting for preparation is completed. | +| 49 | | start() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object, After a successful call to prepare() or a call to prepareAsync(), setOnPreparedListener() receives listening.
Test method: Call the start() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, play successfully, can receive MEDIA_STARTED message on first playback. | +| 50 | | pause() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The player plays normally.
Test method: Call the pause() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, playback is paused. | +| 51 | | getDuration() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The player plays normally.
Test method: Call the getDuration() interface.
Conformity result: Return the length of the file, or -1 if not supported by the resource or service. | +| 52 | | getCurrentPosition() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The player plays normally.
Test method: Call the getCurrentPosition() interface.
Conformity result: Return the current location of the file. | +| 53 | | setVolume() | Conformity Requirements.
Precondition: The player is playing normally.
Test Method: Call setVolume() interface with valid input parameter.
Conformity result: Volume set successfully with no return value. | +| 54 | | seekTo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The player is playing normally.
Test method: Call the seekTo() interface | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | with valid input parameters.
Conformity result: No return value, and jump to the specified location for playback. | +| 55 | | reset() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the reset() interface.
Conformity result: No return value; player returns to initialized state. | +| 56 | | release() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the release() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, player is destroyed. | +| 57 | | setOnInfoListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setOnInfoListener() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, register for message listening, and receive messages when information messages arrive. | +| 58 | | setOnErrorListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setOnErrorListener() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, register an error listener to receive an error when it arrives. | +| 59 | | setOnCompleteListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setOnCompleteListener() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, Register the playback completion listener to receive the playback completion event when the playback is finished. | +| 60 | | setOnPreparedListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setOnPreparedListener() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, Register the ready listener to receive the | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | ready event when the player is ready. | +| 61 | | setOnBufferingUpdateListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setOnBufferingUpdateListener() interface.
Conformity result: No return value, Register the buffer update listener to receive buffer update messages when they arrive. | +| 62 | | setDisplay() | SurfaceHolder.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setDisplay() interface with valid input parameters.
Conformity result: No return value, Set the SurfaceHolder for media video playback. | +| 63 | | setAudioStreamType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setAudioStreamType() interface with valid input parameters.
Conformity result: No return value, set audio stream type. | +| 64 | | setStopMode() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object.
Test method: Call the setStopMode() interface with valid input parameters of 0.
Conformity result: Return successful, set black screen mode.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and prepare it.
Test method: Call the setStopMode() interface with a valid input parameter of 1.
Conformity result: Return successful, set stop mode. | +| 65 | | getStopMode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the getStopMode() interface.
Conformity result: The return value is the value of the corresponding set stop mode. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 66 | | getStartTime() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and prepare it.
Test method: Call the getStartTime() interface.
Conformity result: The return value indicates the start time of the time-shifted (or look-back) program. | +| 67 | | getPace() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the getPace() interface.
Conformity result: The return value indicates the speed of fast forward or fast reverse. | +| 68 | | setPace() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the setPace() interface with valid input parameters.
Conformity result: No return value, playback shows the correct multiplier playback effect. | +| 69 | | setClip() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the setClip() interface with valid input parameters.
Conformity result: No return value, indicating the display of the specified area of the media source. | +| 70 | | getClip() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the getClip() interface with valid input parameters.
Conformity result: The return value indicates the display area of the media source screen. | +| 71 | | clearVideo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the clearVideo() interface.
Conformity result: A return value of 0 indicates successful screen cleaning, while a failure value of -1 is returned. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 72 | | setVideoDisplay() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the setVideoDisplay() interface with the parameter TVOS_VIDEO_DISPLAY_CLOSE. Then call the setVideoDisplay() interface again, with the parameter TVOS_VIDEO_DISPLAY_OPEN.
Conformity result: Both calls return TRUE successfully, and the video output is first turned off and then turned back on. | +| 73 | | getVideoDisplay() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaPlayer object and start playing.
Test method: Call the getVideoDisplay() interface.
Conformity result: The call succeeds, putting back the current correct video display state. | +| 74 | TrackInfo | MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_UNKNOWN | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 0. | +| 75 | | MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_VIDEO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 1. | +| 76 | | MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_AUDIO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 2. | +| 77 | | MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_TIME_TEXT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 3. | +| 78 | | MEDIA_TRACK_TYPE_SUBTITLE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: Constant value is 4. | +| 79 | | getTrackInfo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create org.tvos.media.TrackInfo object.
Test method: Call the getTrackInfo() interface.
Conformity result: Get all actionable audio stream information of the currently | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | TrackInfo | | playing program, including audio, video, subtitle, synchronized subtitle, etc., and return org.tvos.media.TrackInfo data | +| 80 | | selectTrack() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully created. org.tvos.media.TrackInfo object
Test method: Call the selectTrack() interface with a valid track index as the input parameter.
Conformity result: No return value, indicating the selection of a certain track. | +| 81 | | getSelectedTrack() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create org.tvos.media.TrackInfo object.
Test method: Call the getSelectedTrack() interface with a valid track type as the input parameter.
Conformity result: Get the index of the audio, video or subtitle track currently selected for playback. The return value indicates the index of the audio, video or subtitle selected for playback. | +| 82 | MediaFormat | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_VP8 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/x-vnd.on2.vp8". | +| 83 | | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_VP9 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/x-vnd.on2.vp9". | +| 84 | | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_AVC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/avc". | +| 85 | | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_HEVC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/hevc". | +| 86 | | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_MPEG4 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/mp4v-es". | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 87 | | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_H263 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/3gpp". | +| 88 | | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_MPEG2 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/mpeg2". | +| 89 | | MIMETYPE_VIDEO_RAW | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "video/raw". | +| 90 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_AMR_N
B | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/amr-nb". | +| 91 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_AMR_W
B | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/amr-wb". | +| 92 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_MPEG | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/mpeg". | +| 93 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_AAC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/mp4a-latm". | +| 94 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_QCELP | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/qcelp". | +| 95 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_VORBIS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/vorbis". | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 96 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_OPUS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/opus". | +| 97 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_G711_A_LAW | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/g711-alaw". | +| 98 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_G711_M_LAW | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/g711-mlaw". | +| 99 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_RAW | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/raw". | +| 100 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_FLAC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/flac". | +| 101 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_MSGSM | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/gsm". | +| 102 | | MIMETYPE_AUDIO_AC3 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio/ac3". | +| 103 | | MIMETYPE_TEXT_VTT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "text/vtt". | +| 104 | | MIMETYPE_TEXT_CEA_608 | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "text/cea-608". | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 105 | | KEY_MIME | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mime". | +| 106 | | KEY_LANGUAGE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "language". | +| 107 | | KEY_SAMPLE_RATE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "sample-rate". | +| 108 | | KEY_CHANNEL_COUNT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "channel-count". | +| 109 | | KEY_WIDTH | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "width". | +| 110 | | KEY_HEIGHT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "height". | +| 111 | | KEY_MAX_WIDTH | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "max-width". | +| 112 | | KEY_MAX_HEIGHT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "max-height". | +| 113 | | KEY_MAX_INPUT_SIZE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "max-input-size". | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 114 | | KEY_BIT_RATE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "bitrate". | +| 115 | | KEY_STREAM_PID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "stream-pid". | +| 116 | | KEY_COLOR_FORMAT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "color-format". | +| 117 | | KEY_CAPTURE_RATE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "capture-rate". | +| 118 | | KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "i-frame-interval". | +| 119 | | KEY_TEMPORAL_LAYERING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "ts-schema". | +| 120 | | KEY_REPEAT_PREVIOUS_FRAME_AFTER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "repeat-previous-frame-after". | +| 121 | | KEY_PUSH_BLANK_BUFFERS_ON_STOP | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "push-blank-buffers-on-shutdown". | +| 122 | | KEY_DURATION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "durationUs". | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 123 | | KEY_IS_ADTS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "is-adts". | +| 124 | | KEY_CHANNEL_MASK | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "channel-mask". | +| 125 | | KEY_AAC_PROFILE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-profile". | +| 126 | | KEY_AAC_SBR_MODE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-sbr-mode". | +| 127 | | KEY_AAC_MAX_OUTPUT_C HANNEL_COUNT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-max-output-channel_count". | +| 128 | | KEY_AAC_DRC_TARGET_R EREFERENCE_LEVEL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-target-ref-level". | +| 129 | | KEY_AAC_ENCODED_TARG ET_LEVEL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-encoded-target-level". | +| 130 | | KEY_AAC_DRC_BOOST_FA CTOR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-drc-boost-level". | +| 131 | | KEY_AAC_DRC_ATTENUAT ION_FACTOR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-drc-cut-level". | +| 132 | | KEY_AAC_DRC_HEAVY_CO MPRESSION | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "aac-drc-heavy-compression". | +| 133 | | KEY_FLAC_COMPRESSION_LEVEL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "flac-compression-level". | +| 134 | | KEY_COMPLEXITY | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "complexity". | +| 135 | | KEY_PROFILE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "profile". | +| 136 | | KEY_BITRATE_MODE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "bitrate-mode". | +| 137 | | KEY_AUDIO_SESSION_ID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "audio-session-id". | +| 138 | | KEY_IS_AUTOSELECT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "is-autoselect". | +| 139 | | KEY_IS_DEFAULT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "is-default". | +| 140 | | KEY_IS_FORCED_SUBTITLE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine constant values.
Conformity result: The constant value is "is-forced-subtitle". | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 141 | | MediaFormat() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Create a MediaFormat object.
Conformity result: Constructor. | +| 142 | | containsKey() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaFormat object.
Test method: Call the containsKey() interface and legally input parameters.
Conformity result: Boolean type, Returns true if there is a message with a key value of name, otherwise returns false. | +| 143 | | getInteger() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaFormat object.
Test method: Call the getInteger() interface and legally input parameters.
Conformity result: int type, indicating that the key value corresponds to the integer attribute value of name. If the key does not exist, or the corresponding attribute value is not an integer, an exception is thrown. | +| 144 | | getLong() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaFormat object.
Test method: Call the getLong() interface and legally input parameters.
Conformity result: Long type, indicating that the key value corresponds to the long integer attribute value of name. If the key does not exist or the corresponding property value is not a long integer, an exception is thrown. | +| 145 | | getFloat() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaFormat object.
Test method: Call the getFloat() interface and legally input parameters.
Conformity result: float type, indicating the floating-point attribute value corresponding to the key value of name. If the key does not exist, or if the corresponding attribute value is not a floating-point form, an exception is thrown. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 146 | | getString() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaFormat object.
Test method: Call the getString() interface and legally input parameters.
Conformity result: String object, representing the string attribute value corresponding to the key value of name. If the key does not exist, or the corresponding attribute value is not a String object, an exception is thrown. | +| 147 | | getByteBuffer() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create a MediaFormat object.
Test method: Call the getByteBuffer() interface and legally input parameters.
Conformity result: Java.nio ByteBuffer object, representing the attribute value corresponding to the key value of name. If the key does not exist, or the corresponding attribute value is not a ByteBuffer object, an exception is thrown. | + +### A.7 Conformance test of system management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------|--------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Peripheral management | PeripheralType interface | PERIPHERAL_ALL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "all". | +| 2 | | | PERIPHERAL_MOUSE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mouse". | +| 3 | | | PERIPHERAL_PC_KEYBOARD | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "keyboard". | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-------------------------|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 4 | | Peripheral
interface | getType() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Insert the mouse and successfully obtain an instance of the Peripheral class.
Test method: Call the getType() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the peripheral type PERIPHERAL_MOUSE("mouse").

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Insert the mouse and successfully obtain an instance of the Peripheral class.
Test method: Call the getType() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the peripheral type PERIPHERAL_PC_KEYBOARD("keyboard").

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Insert the mouse and successfully obtain an instance of the Peripheral class.
Test method: Call the getType() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the peripheral type PERIPHERAL_ALL("all").

| +| 5 | | Peripheral
interface | getID() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Insert peripheral and successfully obtain an instance of the Peripheral class.
Test method: Call the getID() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the peripheral global unique identifier not 0.

| +| 6 | | Peripheral
interface | getName() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Insert peripheral and successfully obtain an instance of the Peripheral class.
Test method: Call the getName() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned peripheral name is not NULL.

| + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|--------------------------------|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7 | | | getStatus() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Insert peripheral and successfully obtain an instance of the Peripheral class.
Test method: Call the getStatus() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds. Return an int type, indicating the status of the peripheral, with values related to the specific type of peripheral. | +| 8 | | | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getInstance() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, returning a unique instance of the PeripheralManager class implemented by the system that is not NULL. | +| 9 | | Peripheral
Manager
class | addPeripheralEventListener() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class and insert the peripheral device.
Test method: Call the addPeripheralEventListener() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, triggering the peripheral information callback, and the callback event type is 0~3 respectively.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class and insert the peripheral device.
Test method: Call the addPeripheralEventListener() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: No callback is triggered. | +| 10 | | | removePeripheralListener() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully obtain the instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, call the addPeripheralEventListener() method, and register the peripheral event listener successfully.
Test method: Call the removePeripheralListener() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, the peripheral information callback is not triggered, and the callback | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|--------------------------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Peripheral
Manager
class | | message is not received.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully obtain the instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, call the addPeripheralEventListener() method, and register the peripheral event listener successfully.
Test method: Call the removePeripheralListener() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, triggering a peripheral information callback with the message TYPE_FOUND (0). | +| 11 | | | getAllPeripheralsByType() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class and insert the peripheral device.
Test method: Call the getAllPeripheralsByType() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Method call succeeds, the returned length of the array of Peripheral objects is not zero.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class and insert the peripheral device.
Test method: Call the getAllPeripheralsByType() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, the returned length of the array of Peripheral objects is zero. | +| 12 | | | getPeripheralsByID() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully obtain the instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, and obtain the peripheral ID.
Test method: Call the getPeripheralsByID() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the Peripheral object is returned.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully obtain the instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, and obtain the peripheral ID. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|---------------------|------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | Test method: Call the getPeripheralsByID() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns NULL. | +| 13 | | | uninstallPeripheralByID() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully obtain the instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, and obtain the peripheral ID.
Test method: Call the uninstallPeripheralByID() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully obtain the instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, and obtain the peripheral ID.
Test method: Call the uninstallPeripheralByID() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns false. | +| 14 | | PeripheralListener | processPeripheralEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class and call the addPeripheralEventListener() method successfully.
Test method: Insert peripherals.
Conformity result: The method is successfully called. | +| 15 | | | TYPE_FOUND | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 16 | | | TYPE_READY | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 17 | | PeripheralEvent | TYPE_ERROR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|---------------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 18 | | | TYPE_PLUGOUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 19 | | | getPeripheral() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, call the addPeripheralEventListener() method to register for peripheral listening, and obtain the PeripheralEvent instance when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the getPeripheral() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned Peripheral object is not NULL. | +| 20 | | | getType() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, call the addPeripheralEventListener() method to register for peripheral listening, and obtain the PeripheralEvent instance when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a peripheral event type of TYPE_FOUND (0) and TYPE_READY (1).
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully obtaining an instance of the PeripheralManager class, inserting a peripheral. The peripheral has an unrecoverable error and cannot be accessed. Call the addPeripheralEventListener() method to register for peripheral listening, and when the callback is triggered, obtain the PeripheralEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the error message TYPE_ERROR(2) is returned.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully obtain an instance of the PeripheralManager class, insert the peripheral, call the addPeripheralEventListener() method to | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | register for peripheral listening, and obtain the PeripheralEvent instance when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Remove the peripheral and call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the error message TYPE_PLUGOUT(3) is returned. | +| 21 | Data access and storage | DataConfigs class | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getInstance() method
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the unique instance of the DataAccess class implemented by the system is returned as non null. | +| 22 | | | getProperty() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the getProperty() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned data item value that is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the getProperty() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and the returned data item value is NULL. | +| 23 | | | setProperty() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the setProperty() method, set the value of the data item, and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the modified result as greater than 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the setProperty() method, set the value of the data item, and input invalid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Data access and storage | DataAccess class | | Conformity result: The method call fails and returns a modification result of 0.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the setProperty() method to set the value of the data item, which does not exist.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns a modification result of -1. | +| 24 | | | restoreDefault() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the restoreDefault() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true. | +| 25 | | | restoreFromNvm() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the restoreFromNvm() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true. | +| 26 | | | saveToNvm() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the saveToNvm() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the DataAccess class.
Test method: Call the saveToNvm() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Method call fails and returns false. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 27 | View
Hardware
Information | HardwareInfo class | FLASH_SIZE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "flash_size". | +| 28 | | | RAM_SIZE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "ram_size". | +| 29 | | | RAM_TYPE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "ram_type". | +| 30 | | | SOC_MODEL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "soc_model". | +| 31 | | | SOC_FREQUENCY | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "soc_frequency". | +| 32 | | | SOC_PROVIDER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "soc_provider". | +| 33 | | | DEFINITION_TYPE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "definition_type". | +| 34 | | | HW_VERSION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "hw_version". | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 35 | View
Hardware
Information | HardwareInfo class | STB_BRAND | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "stb_brand". | +| 36 | | | STB_MODEL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "stb_model". | +| 37 | | | STB_PROVIDER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "stb_provider". | +| 38 | | | STB_SERIAL_NUMBER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "stb_serial_number". | +| 39 | | | TRANSPORT_TYPE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "transport_type". | +| 40 | | | getProperty() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getProperty() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned String object is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getProperty() method, input invalid parameters, hardware configuration item keywords are illegal.
Conformity result: The method call fails, throwing an IllegalArgumentException. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 41 | View
Software
Information | SoftwareInfo class | OS_NAME | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "os_name". | +| 42 | | | OS_PROVIDER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "os_provider". | +| 43 | | | OS_VERSION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "os_version". | +| 44 | | | MW_NAME | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_name". | +| 45 | | | MW_VERSION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_version". | +| 46 | | | MW_PROVIDER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_provider". | +| 47 | View
Software
Information | SoftwareInfo class | MW_RAM_SIZE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_ram_size". | +| 48 | | | MW_NVM_SIZE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_nvm_size". | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 49 | View
Software
Information | SoftwareInfo class | MW_RELEASE_DATE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_release_date". | +| 50 | | | MW_COPYRIGHT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_copyright". | +| 51 | | | MW_PLATFORM_LEVEL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_platform_level". | +| 52 | | | MW_PLATFORM_PROFILE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "mw_platform_profile". | +| 53 | | | CA_NAME | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "ca_name". | +| 54 | | | CA_VERSION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "ca_version". | +| 55 | | | CA_PROVIDER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "ca_provider". | +| 56 | | | LOADER_NAME | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "loader_name". | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 57 | | | LOADER_VERSION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "loader_version". | +| 58 | | | LOADER_PROVIDER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "loader_provider". | +| 59 | | | LOADER_SIZE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "loader_size". | +| 60 | | | DRIVER_VERSION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is "driver_version". | +| 61 | | | getProperty() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getProperty() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned String object is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getProperty() method, input invalid parameters, hardware configuration item keywords are illegal.
Conformity result: The method call fails, throwing an IllegalArgumentException. | +| 62 | System tool | SysTool class | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getInstance() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the unique instance of the SysTool class implemented by the system is returned as non null. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|---------------------|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 63 | | | getStandByStatus() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the SysTool class.
Test method: Call the getStandByStatus() method to enter standby mode.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the SysTool class.
Test method: Call the getStandByStatus() method to exit standby mode (i.e. working mode).
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns false.

| +| 64 | | | standby() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the SysTool class.
Test method: Call the standby() method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful and the receiver is restarted.

| +| 65 | | | sleep() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the SysTool class.
Test method: Call the Sleep() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, the receiver goes to sleep and the CPU will power down and stop working.

| +| 66 | | | reboot() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the SysTool class.
Test method: Call the reboot() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the WaleUpSrc object returned is not NULL.

| +| 67 | | | wakeup() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the SysTool class, and call Sleep() to enter sleep mode.
Test method: Call the wakeUp() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the receiver enters the operating state.

| + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------------------|--------------------------|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 68 | Storage
Device
Managem
ent | StorageMa
nager class | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getInstance() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the unique instance of the StorageManager class implemented by the system is returned as non null. | +| 69 | | | addStorageEventListener() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully retrieve an instance of the StorageManager class.
Test method: Call the addStorageEventListener() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the callback has a message.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully retrieve an instance of the StorageManager class.
Test method: Call the addStorageEventListener() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and does not trigger a callback for peripheral information. | +| 70 | Storage
Device
Managem
ent | StorageMa
nager class | removeStorageEventListener() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to obtain an instance of the StorageManager class successfully, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and register for listening successfully.
Test method: Call the removeStorageEventListener() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, no peripheral information callback is triggered, and no callback message is received.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to obtain an instance of the StorageManager class successfully, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and register for listening successfully.
Test method: Call the removeStorageEventListener() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, and callback has message. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------|--------------------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 71 | | StorageManager class | getAllStorages() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully retrieve an instance of the StorageManager class.
Test method: Call the getAllStorages() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the Storage object.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully retrieve an instance of the StorageManager class.
Test method: Call the getAllStorages() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns NULL.

| +| 72 | Storage Device Management | | uninstallStorage() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully retrieve an instance of the StorageManager class.
Test method: Call the uninstallStorage() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and returns true.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully retrieve an instance of the StorageManager class.
Test method: Call the uninstallStorage() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and returns false.

| +| 73 | | StorageEventListener interface | processStorageEvent() | Store event listeners, implemented by applications without testing. | +| 74 | | | TYPE_PARTITION_FOUND |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 22.

| +| 75 | | | TYPE_PARTITION_MOUNTED |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 23.

| + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/ interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 76 | | | TYPE_PARTITION_MOUNT_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 24. | +| 77 | | | TYPE_PARTITION_UNINSTALL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 25. | +| 78 | | | TYPE_INSUFFICIENT_SPACE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 32. | +| 79 | | | getType() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Insert the storage device, call the getInstance() method, successfully obtain the instance of the StorageManager class, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and obtain the StorageEvent object when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, returning a message of type TYPE_PARTITION_FOUND(22), TYPE_PARTITION_MOUNTED(23).
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Insert a storage device with insufficient space, call the getInstance() method to obtain an instance of the StorageManager class successfully, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and when the callback is triggered, obtain the StorageEvent object.
Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, returning a message of type TYPE_INSUFFICIENT_SPACE(32). | +| | | | getType() | Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Insert a storage device that cannot be mounted, call the getInstance() method, successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and when the callback is triggered, obtain the StorageEvent object. | + +154 Rec. ITU-T J.1207 (10/2024) + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|---------------------|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | |

Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, returning a message of type TYPE_PARTITION_MOUNT_FAILED(24).
Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Insert the storage device, call the getInstance() method, successfully obtain the instance of the StorageManager class, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and obtain the StorageEvent object when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the uninstallStorage() method to uninstall the storage device, and call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, returning a message of type TYPE_PARTITION_UNINSTALL(25).

| +| 80 | | | getStorage() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Insert the storage device, call the getInstance() method, successfully obtain the instance of the StorageManager class, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and obtain the StorageEvent object when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the getStorage() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the returned Storage object is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Insert the storage device, call the getInstance() method, successfully obtain the instance of the StorageManager class, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and obtain the StorageEvent object when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the getStorage() method.
Conformity result: The method call fails, and the returned Storage object is NULL.

| +| 81 | | | getStoragePartition() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Insert the storage device, call the getInstance() method, successfully obtain the instance of the StorageManager class, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and obtain the StorageEvent object when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the getStoragePartition() method.
Conformity result: The method call

| + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/ interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | succeeds, and the returned StoragePartition object is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Insert the storage device, call the getInstance() method, successfully obtain the instance of the StorageManager class, call the addStorageEventListener() method, and obtain the StorageEvent object when the callback is triggered.
Test method: Call the getStoragePartition() method.
Conformity result: The method call fails, and the returned StoragePartition object is NULL. | +| 82 | | StoragePart
ition
interface | getName() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getName() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned String object is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getName() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns NULL. | +| 83 | | | getID() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getID() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a globally unique identifier (ID) greater than 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface
| Constant
field/Attribute/Method
| Process description | +|-------------------|------------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 84 | | StoragePartition interface | | method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getID() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, and returns a globally unique ID less than 0. | +| | | | getPath() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getPath() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned String object is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getPath() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns NULL. | +| | | | getStatus() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getStatus() method and input validparameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned String object is not NULL.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() | +| 85 | | StoragePartition | | | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|---------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | interface | | to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getStatus() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns NULL. | +| 86 | | | getFreeSize() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getFreeSize() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the value returned is of type LONG and greater than 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getFreeSize() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the value returned is of type LONG and not greater than 0. | +| 87 | | | getTotalSize() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getTotalSize() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the value returned is of type LONG and greater than 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object, and call getAllPartitions() to obtain the StoragePartition object.
Test method: Call the getTotalSize() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the value returned is of type LONG and not greater than 0. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|----------------------|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 88 | | Storage
interface | getSerialNumber() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, and call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object.
Test method: Call the getSerialNumber() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and an array of StoragePartition objects is returned.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, and call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object.
Test method: Call the getSerialNumber() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns NULL. | +| 89 | | | getAllPartitions() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, and call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object.
Test method: Call the getAllPartitions() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and an array of StoragePartition objects is returned.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the StorageManager class, and call the getAllStorages() method to obtain the Storage object.
Test method: Call the getAllPartitions() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns NULL. | +| 90 | | | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the getInstance() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and returns a unique instance of the OTAManager class implemented by the system that is not NULL. | + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 91 | OTA Management | OTAManager class | checkOTA() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class.
Test method: Call the checkOTA() method and start the upgrade by calling startOTA().
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the tune() method and lock the frequency successfully.
Test method: Call the checkOTA() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns false.

| +| 92 | OTA Management | OTAManager class | getOTAName() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class.
Test method: Call the getOTAName() method, call startOTA() to start the upgrade, and provide the name of the upgrade event.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and the returned String object is not NULL.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class.
Test method: Call the getOTAName() method, call startOTA() to start the upgrade, and no upgrade event name was provided.
Conformity result: Return NULL.

| +| 93 | OTA Management | OTAManager class | startOTA() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class.
Test method: Call startOTA() to start the upgrade.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class.
Test method: Call the startOTA() method

| + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------|---------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 94 | OTA Management | OTAManager class | | to start the upgrade.
Conformity result: The method call fails and returns false. | +| | | | addOTAEVENTListener() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class.
Test method: Call the addOTAEVENTListener() method, input valid parameters, do not prompt the user, and directly call the startOTA() method to start the upgrade.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, triggering an external OTA upgrade callback with a callback event type of 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class.
Test method: Call the addOTAEVENTListener() method, input valid parameters, prompt the user, and call the startOTA() method to start the upgrade.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, triggering an external OTA upgrade callback with a callback event type of 1.

| +| 95 | | | removeOTAEVENTListener() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to obtain an instance of the OTAManager class successfully, call the addOTAEVENTListener() method, and register the peripheral event listener successfully.
Test method: Call the removeOTAEVENTListener() method, input valid parameters, and call the startOTA() method to start the upgrade.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, no peripheral information callback is triggered, and no callback message is received.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to obtain an instance of the OTAManager class successfully, call the addOTAEVENTListener() method, and register the peripheral event listener successfully.

| + +| Serial No. | Test item | Class/
interface | Constant
field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | Test method: Call the removeOTAEventListener() method, input invalid parameters, and call the startOTA() method to start the upgrade. Conformity result: The method call fails, triggering a peripheral information callback with a callback message of 0. | +| 96 | | OTAEventListener
interface | processEvent() | OTA event listener, implemented by the application program, does not require testing. | +| 97 | | | OTA_NORMAL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 98 | | | OTA_FORCE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 99 | | OTAEvent
event | getType() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to successfully obtain an instance of the OTAManager class, call the addOTAEventListener() method, and directly call the startOTA() method to trigger a callback to obtain the OTAEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the return upgrade type is OTA_FORCE(0) .
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call the getInstance() method to obtain an instance of the OTAManager class. Call the addOTAEventListener() method. After the user confirms, call the startOTA() method to trigger a callback to obtain an OTAEvent instance.
Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the return upgrade type is OTA_NORMAL(1) . | + +### A.8 Conformance test of application engine unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.
ChannelScanListener | processEvent() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application programme implements the interface, and the application further determines the prototype of the event object through the IsInstanceOf() method.
Test method: When searching for channels, the class that implements this interface is called and the listener is registered.
Conformity result: Can correctly monitor the status of successful or failed channel search.

| +| 2 | | CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_MANUAL |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanEngine.CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_MANUAL.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding values are consistent with the standards.

| +| 3 | | CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_NIT |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanEngine.CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_NIT.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding values are consistent with the standards.

| +| 4 | org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.
ChannelScanEngine | CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_ZONE |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanEngine.CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_ZONE.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding values are consistent with the standards.

| +| 5 | | CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_JSON |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanEngine.CHANNELSCAN_TYPE_JSON.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding values are consistent with the standards.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 6 | | createInstance(int tunerId) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Calling the createInstance() parameter is valid.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEngine object, representing the search engine.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call createInstance(), the TunerID parameter is invalid.
Conformity result: Throw org.davic.mpeg.ResourceException indicating that the underlying resource is insufficient.

| +| 7 | | addChannelScanListener() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine.
Test method: Call the addChannelScanListener() method with the parameter org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object.
Conformity result: The registered listener can listen to the search status.

| +| 8 | | removeChannelScanListener() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine.
Test method: Call the removeChannelScanListener() method with an parameter of the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object to be logged out.
Conformity result: Listener logout succeeds, no search status is detected.

| +| 9 | org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEngine | startScan(int type, TuningParameters[] params) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener().
Test method: Call startScan() and ensure that the parameters are valid.
Conformity result: The org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object registered by addChannelScanListener() will listen

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

to the following four types of events:

a) Listen to the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent event when the search for the NIT is complete.

b) Listen to the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanSuccessEvent event when the search for a frequency is complete.

c) Listen to the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent event when the search for a frequency is complete.

d) Listen to the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent event when the search fails.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener().
Test method: Call startScan() with invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw a java.lang.IllegalArgumentException exception, indicating that the parameter is invalid.

| +| 10 | org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanEngine | startScanExt(TuningParameters params,int pid, int tableid) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener().
Test method: Call the startScanExt() method with valid parameters.
Conformity result: The org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object registered by addChannelScanListener()will listen to the following two types of events:

  1. 1. Listen to the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent event when the search ends.
  2. 2. Listen to the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent event when the search fails.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | addChannelScanListener().
Test method: Call the startScanExt() method with invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Throw a Java.lang.IllegalArgumentException exception, indicating that the parameter is invalid. | +| 11 | | cancel() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener(), and successfully call one of the search methods startScan() or startScanExt().
Test method: Call the cancel() method before the search fails or ends.
Conformity result: The org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object registered by addChannelScanListener() will monitor the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent event.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener(), and successfully call one of the search methods startScan() or startScanExt().
Test method: Call the cancel() method after the search fails or ends.
Conformity result: The org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanListener object will not monitor the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFinishEvent event. | +| 12 | | release() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine.
Test method: Call release().
Conformity result: Search engine usage resources are released. | +| 13 | | saveScanResult() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener() and the startScan() method.
Test method: Call the saveScanResult() method after the search is complete.
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the success of saving the data, while return false to indicate the failure of saving the data. | +| 14 | | saveServicesInfo(String jsonSIInfo) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener() and the startScanExt() method.
Test method: call the saveServicesInfo() method after the search is complete.
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the success of saving the data, while return false to indicate the failure of saving the data. | +| 15 | | REASON_UNKNOWN | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanFailureEvent.REASON_UNKNOWN.
Conformity requirements:
Corresponding values are consistent with the standard. | +| 16 | | REASON_TUNE_LOCK_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanFailureEvent.REASON_TUNE_LOCK_FAILED.
Conformity requirements:
Corresponding values are consistent with the standard. | +| 17 | ChannelScanFailureEvent | REASON_NIT_SEARCH_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanFailureEvent.REASON_NIT_SEARCH_FAILED.
Conformity requirements:
Corresponding values are consistent with the standard. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 18 | ChannelScanFailureEvent | REASON_BAT_SEARCH_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanFailureEvent.REASON_BAT_SEARCH_FAILED.
Conformity requirements:
Corresponding values are consistent with the standard. | +| 19 | | REASON_PAT_SEARCH_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanFailureEvent.REASON_PAT_SEARCH_FAILED.
Conformity requirements:
Corresponding values are consistent with the standard. | +| 20 | | REASON_PMT_SEARCH_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ChannelScanFailureEvent.REASON_PMT_SEARCH_FAILED.
Conformity requirements:
Corresponding values are consistent with the standard. | +| 21 | | getReason() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener(), and successfully call one of the search methods startScan() or startScanExt().
Test method: Call getReason() when listening to ChannelScanFailureEvent.
Conformity result: The return value is the value taken from the org.ngb.toolkit.channelscan.ChannelScanFailureEvent constant field. | +| 22 | ChannelScanFinishEvent | getServiceCount() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener(), and successfully call one of the search methods startScan() or startScanExt().
Test method: Call the | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 23 | | | getServiceCount() when listening to search completion.
Conformity result: Return value>=0 indicates the number of services. | +| | | getTransportStreamCount() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener(), and successfully call one of the search methods startScan() or startScanExt().
Test method: Call getTransportStreamCount() when listening to ChannelScanFinishEvent.
Conformity result: Return value>=0 indicates the number of transport streams. | +| 24 | ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent | getTransportStream() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener() and method startScan().
Test method: Call getTransportStream() when listening to ChannelScanNITSuccessEvent.
Conformity result: Return an array of org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.TransportStream objects, if the return value is not NULL, it means the frequency point is searched; if the return value is NULL, it means no frequency point is searched. | +| 25 | ChannelScanSuccessEvent | getResult() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call the createInstance() method and return a valid search engine; Successfully call addChannelScanListener() and method startScan().
Test method: Call getResult() when listening to the ChannelScanSuccessEvent.
Conformity result: Return an array of org.ngb.broadcast.dvb.si.SIService objects, if the return value is not NULL, it means the channel is searched; if the return value is NULL, it means no channel is searched. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 26 | ProgramEvent | getTitle() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getTitle() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a String object indicating the programme's name. | +| 27 | | getShortDescription() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getShortDescription() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a String object indicating the programme's short description. | +| 28 | | getBeginDate() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getBeginDate() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a Date object indicating the programme's beginning time. | +| 29 | | getDuration() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getDuration() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a long type value indicating the programme's duration. | +| 30 | | getEndDate() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getEndDate() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a Date object indicating the end time of the program. | +| 31 | | getLanguageCode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getLanguageCode() method with no | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | input parameters.
Conformity result: A successful method call returns a String object section indicating the programme's language code. | +| 32 | | getNibbles() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getNibbles() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a byte array indicating the programme's classification information. | +| 33 | | getCALockMode() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getCALockMode() method, the programme is an authorized program.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getCALockMode() method, the programme is an unauthorized program.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returned false. | +| 34 | | getDvbLocator() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getDvbLocator() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a DvbNetworkBoundLocator object indicating the locator of the programme event. | +| 35 | | getProgramService() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getProgramService() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | ProgramService object indicating the programme service object to which the programme event belongs. | +| 36 | ProgramEventFilter | accept(ProgramEvent programEvent) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramEvent object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the accept() method and input a programEvent that meets the filtering criteria.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true. | +| 37 | ProgramService | SERVICE_TYPE_RESERVED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 38 | | SERVICE_TYPE_DIGITAL_TELEVISION | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 39 | | SERVICE_TYPE_DIGITAL_RADIO_SOUND | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 40 | | SERVICE_TYPE_TELETEXT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 3. | +| 41 | | SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_REFERENCE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 4. | +| 42 | | SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_TIME_SHIFTED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 5. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 43 | | SERVICE_TYPE_MOSAI
C | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 6. | +| 44 | | SERVICE_TYPE_PAL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 7. | +| 45 | | SERVICE_TYPE_SECAM | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 8. | +| 46 | | SERVICE_TYPE_D_D2_
MAC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 9. | +| 47 | | SERVICE_TYPE_FM_RA
DIO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 10. | +| 48 | | SERVICE_TYPE_NTSC | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 11. | +| 49 | | SERVICE_TYPE_DATA_
BROADCAST | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 12. | +| 50 | | SERVICE_TYPE_RESER
VED_FOR_CI | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 13. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 51 | | SERVICE_TYPE_RCS_M
AP | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 14. | +| 52 | | SERVICE_TYPE_RCS_FL
S | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 15. | +| 53 | | SERVICE_TYPE_DVB_M
HP | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 15. | +| 54 | | getDvbLocator() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getDvbLocator() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a DvbNetworkBoundLocator object indicating the service locator. | +| 55 | | getNetworkID() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getNetworkID() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns an object of type int indicating the network ID of the network to which the service object belongs. | +| 56 | | getServiceName() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getServiceName() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a String object indicating the name of the service. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 57 | | getServiceLogicNumber() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getServiceLogicNumber() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns an object of type int indicating the service logic number. | +| 58 | | getServiceType() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getServiceType() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns an object of type int indicating the type of service. | +| 59 | | getCAFreeMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getCAFreeMode() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true (scrambled)/false (not scrambled). | +| 60 | | getPresentProgramEvent() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getPresentProgramEvent() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a ProgramEvent object indicating the current programme information. | +| 61 | | getFollowingProgramEvent() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getFollowingProgramEvent() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a ProgramEvent object indicating the subsequent programme information. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 62 | | getProgramEvents(Program EventFilter filter) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getProgramEvents() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the ProgramEvent array object indicating the programme information of the filter.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getProgramEvents() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns null.

| +| 63 | | getEPGManager() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The ProgramService object is correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getEPGManager() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns an EPGManager object indicating the EPGManager instance to which this programme service object belongs.

| +| 64 | ProgramServiceFilter | accept(ProgramService programService) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The interface is implemented by the application, and the application has implemented filtering behavior.
Test method: Call the accept() method and input parameters that meet the filtering criteria.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns true.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The interface is implemented by the application, and the application has implemented filtering behavior.
Test method: Call the accept() method and input parameters that do not meet the filtering criteria.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns false.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 65 | EPGUpdateListener | onUpdate(EPGUpdateEvent event) |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The interface is implemented by the application and an event listener has been correctly added.
Test method: When there is an EPG information event update, call the onUpdate() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and the exact logic is controlled by the application.

| +| 66 | EPGManager | getEPGManager() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Received EPG information from the flow.
Test method: Call the getEPGManager() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns an array of EPGManager objects indicating the EPG manager.

| +| 67 | | getNetworkIDs() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getNetworkIDs() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns an array of type Integer indicating the broadcast network identifier corresponding to the EPG manager instance.

| +| 68 | | getNetworkName(int networkId) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getNetworkName() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a String object indicating the name of the broadcast network to which the EPG manager instance corresponds.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getNetworkName() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns NULL.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 69 | | addUpdateListener() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the addUpdateListener() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and adds this event listener.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: the method call succeeds without adding this event listener.

| +| 70 | | removeUpdateListener() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the removeUpdateListener() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, and removes the event listener.

| +| 71 | | getService() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getService() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the ProgramService object indicating the object that matches the conditions of the input parameters.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getService() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, throwing an InvalidParameterException.

| +| 72 | | getServices() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getServices() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the ProgramService array object indicating the programme object that

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 73 | | |

matches the input parameter condition.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getServices() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, throwing an IllegalArgumentException.

| +| | | getPresentFollowingEvent() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getPresentFollowingEvent() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the ProgramService object indicating the programme information service object that matches the conditions.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getPresentFollowingEvent() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, throwing an IllegalArgumentException.

| +| 74 | | getProgramService() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getProgramService() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns a ProgramService object indicating programme information service object that matches the conditions.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getProgramService() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, throwing an IllegalArgumentException or InvalidPeriodException exception.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 75 | | getProgramServices() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getProgramServices() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the ProgramService array object indicating the service object that matches the conditions.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The EPGManager instance has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getProgramServices() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call fails, throwing an InvalidPeriodException.

| +| 76 | EPGUpdateEvent | getResult() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The EPGUpdateEvent object has been correctly obtained.
Test method: Call the getResult() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds and returns the updated programme information service object.

| +| 77 | | EPGUpdateEvent() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the EPGUpdateEvent() method with no input parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, creating an EPGUpdateEvent object.

| +| 78 | AutoCompleteSearchListener | onAutoCompleteSearchStart() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession() to get AutoCompleteSearchSession object and call startSearch().
Test method: Call onAutoCompleteSearchStart().
Conformity result: Search engines pass a message to the application to start searching.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 79 | | onAutoCompleteSearchStop() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is successfully initialized, the AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, getAutoCompleteSearchSession() is called to get the AutoCompleteSearchSession object, and startSearch() is called, and startSearch() and stopSearch() have been called.
Test method: Call onAutoCompleteSearchStop().
Conformity result: Search engines pass a message to the application to stop searching.

| +| 80 | | onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is successfully initialized, the AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, getAutoCompleteSearchSession() is called to get the AutoCompleteSearchSession object, startSearch() is called, and startSearch() and stopSearch() have been called.
Test method: Call onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy().
Conformity result: The search engine passes a message to the application to destroy the search.

| +| 81 | | onAutoCompleteSearchError() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession () to get AutoCompleteSearchSession object.
Test method: Call onAutoCompleteSearchError().
Conformity result: Search engines pass error messages to applications.

| +| 82 | AutoCompleteSearchResult Item | getSource() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The searchManager engine is initialized successfully, the AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, getAutoCompleteSearchSession() is called to get the AutoCompleteSearchSession object,

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 83 | | | and calls startSearch(), stopSearch(), dispose().
Test method: Call getSource().
Conformity result: Get the matching data sources. | +| | | getString() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession() to get the AutoCompleteSearchSession object, and call startSearch(). The calls to startSearch(), stopSearch(), and dispose() has already been called.
Test method: Call the getString() method.
Conformity result: Get a string that matches the keyword provided by the user. | +| 84 | AutoCompleteSearchSession | startSearch() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession(). AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated.
Test method: Call the startSearch() method.
Conformity result: Start matching operation.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession(). AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated.
Test method: Call the startSearch() method and input an illegal parameter of getAutoCompleteSearchSession().
Conformity result: The start session operation failed with an exception.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession(). AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated.

Test method: Call the startSearch() method and input an illegal parameter to startSearch().

Conformity result: The start session operation fails and throws an exception.

| +| 85 | | stopSearch() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession(). AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated.

Test method: Call the stopSearch() method.

Conformity result: Terminate this search.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call getAutoCompleteSearchSession(). AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated.

Test method: Call the stopSearch() method, StartSearch() was not called.

Conformity result: Stopping this search fails and throws an exception.

| +| 86 | AutoCompleteSearchSession | dispose() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, getAutoCompleteSearchSession() is called, AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated, and the calls startSearch() and stopSearch().

Test method: Call the dispose() method.

Conformity result: Dispose the closed searches.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 87 | | | instantiated,
getAutoCompleteSearchSession() is called and
AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated.
Test method: Call the dispose() method, without calling startSearch() before.
Conformity result: Disposing fails and throws an exception. | +| | | getSearchResultList() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is instantiated successfully,
AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated,
getAutoCompleteSearchSession() is called, the
AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated, startSearch(),
stopSearch(), dispose() are called, and the listener receives a success status.
Test method: Call the getSearchResultList() method.
Conformity result: The call to the getSearchResultList() method succeeds and returns the AutoCompleteSearchResultList object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful,
AutoCompleteSearchFiler object is instantiated, call
getAutoCompleteSearchSession(),
AutoCompleteSearchSession object is instantiated, call startSearch(),
stopSearch(), dispose().
Test method: When
AutoCompleteSearchListen does not hear the completed state, call the
getSearchResultList() method.
Conformity result: The call to the getSearchResultList() method fails and throws an exception. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 88 | GlobalSearchListener | onGlobalSearchStart() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, Call getGlobalSearchSession() to get the GlobalSearchSession object successfully.
Test method: Call the onGlobalSearchStart() method.
Conformity result: Search engines transmit start search information to the application. | +| 89 | | onGlobalSearchStop() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get the GlobalSearchSession object successfully, startSearch() and stopSearch() are called.
Test method: Call the onGlobalSearchStop() method.
Conformity result: Search engines transmit stop search information to applications. | +| 90 | | onGlobalSearchDestroy() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get the GlobalSearchSession object successfully, and startSearch(), stopSearch(), and dispose Search() are called.
Test method: Call the onGlobalSearchDestroy() method.
Conformity result: Search engines transmit destroy search information to applications. | +| 91 | | onGlobalSearchError() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated and getGlobalSearchSession() is called to get the GlobalSearchSession object successfully, and called startSearch() | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 92 | GlobalSearchListener | | method.
Test method: Call the onGlobalSearchError() method.
Conformity result: Search engines transmit error information to applications. | +| | | onGlobalSearchRetrieval() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The searchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, and getGlobalSearchSession() is called to get the GlobalSearchSession object successfully, and startSearch(), stopSearch(), dispose() are called.
Test method: Call the onGlobalSearchRetrieval () method.
Conformity result: Search engines transmit search success information to applications. | +| 93 | GlobalSearchResultItem | getContent() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization is successful, GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get the GlobalSearchSession object successfully, startSearch() and stopSearch() are called, and the listener listens to the completion of the search.
Test method: Call the getContent() method.
Conformity result: Associate this search result with other objects. | +| 94 | GlobalSearchSession | DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 6. | +| 95 | | startSearch() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object.
Test method: Call the startSearch() method. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | GlobalSearchSession | |

Conformity result:
GlobalSearchSession starts launching searches.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object.
Test method: The parameter in getGlobalSearchSession() is illegal, call the startSearch() method.
Conformity result: The startup operation fails and throws an exception.

| +| 96 | | stopSearch() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object and call startSearch().
Test method: Call the stopSearch() method.
Conformity result:
GlobalSearchSession starts to stop this search.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object.
Test method: No startSearch() is called, the stopSearch() method is called.
Conformity result: Stop operation fails, throws exception.

| +| 97 | | dispose() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object, and call startSearch() and stopSearch().
Test method: Call the dispose() method.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | GlobalSearchSession | |

Conformity result: Dispose useless GlobalSearchSession.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object.
Test method: The startSearch() method is not called, but the dispose() method is called.
Conformity result: The disposing operation fails and throws a exception.

| +| 98 | | getPageSize() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object, and call startSearch(), stopSearch().
Test method: Call the getPageSize() method.
Conformity result: Get the number of entries per page.

| +| 99 | | getResultCount() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object, and call startSearch(), stopSearch(), the listener listens to a successful search event.
Test method: Call the getResultCount() method.
Conformity result: Obtain the number of search results.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object.
Test method: Test: startSearch() is not called or completed status is not received, the getResultCount()

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 100 | GlobalSearchSession | | method is called.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| | | getSearchResultList() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object, and call startSearch() and stopSearch(), the listener receives a successful message.
Test method: Call the getSearchResultList() method.
Conformity results: Get the search result object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object.
Test method: Test: startSearch() is not called or completed status is not received, the getResultCount() method is called. Call the getSearchResultList() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 101 | | retrievePage() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object. Call startSearch(), stopSearch(), and listen to the status of a successful search.
Test method: Call the retrievePage() method.
Conformity result: Initialize the current page, previous page, and next page of data.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object.

Test method: StartSearch() is not called or a successful search status is not listened. Call the retrievePage() method.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 102 | | saveRecentSearchQuery() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object. Call startSearch() which returns the search success status and is called before dispose().

Test method: Call the saveRecentSearchQuery() method.

Conformity result: Temporarily store the current matching result.

| +| 103 | | setPageSize() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object. Call startSearch(), which returns the search success status and is called before dispose().

Test method: Call the setPageSize() method.

Conformity result: Set the size of items displayed per page.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine is initialized successfully. After the GlobalSearchFilter object is instantiated, call getGlobalSearchSession() to get GlobalSearchSession object, call StartSearch(), and return the search success status.

Test method: Set the size to be less than 0 or greater than the system's maximum value, and call the setPageSize() method.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 104 | | | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SearchHistoryItem | getContentType() | Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization succeeds, search session returns results.
Test method: Call the getContentType() method.
Conformity result: Get the search type for the search. | +| 105 | | getCriteriaFlags() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization succeeds, search session returns results.
Test method: Call the getCriteriaFlags() method.
Conformity result: Get the indicator for the search. | +| 106 | | getSearchField() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization succeeds, search session returns results.
Test method: Call the getSearchField() method.
Conformity result: Get the search field for the search. | +| 107 | | getSearchString() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization succeeds, search session returns results.
Test method: Call the getSearchString() method.
Conformity result: Get the matching string for the search. | +| 108 | | getSortCriteria() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization succeeds, search session returns results.
Test method: Call the getSortCriteria() method.
Conformity result: Get the sorting information of the search. | +| 109 | SearchHistoryItem | getSources() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization succeeds, search session returns results.
Test method: Call the getSources() method.
Conformity result: Get the source information of the search. | +| 110 | | ALL | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 111 | SourceType | | Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| | | BROADCAST | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 112 | | RECORDED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 113 | AutoCompleteSearchFilter | DEFAULT_MAX_AUTO_COMPLETE_SEARCH_RESULTS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 10. | +| 114 | | getAutoCompleteSearchFilter() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine initialization succeeds.
Test method: Call the getAutoCompleteSearchFilter() method.
Conformity result: Return AutoCompleteSearchFilter object. | +| 115 | | getMaxResults() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized, the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated, and setMaxResults() has been called before.
Test method: Call the getMaxResults() method.
Conformity result: Return the maximum value of the search result to be matched. | +| 116 | | getSearchField() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized, the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated, and | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AutoCompleteSearchFilter | | setSearchField() has been called before.
Test method: Call the setSearchField() method.
Conformity result: Return the fields that need to be matched for the match search. | +| 117 | | getSearchLanguage() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized, the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated, and setSearchLanguage() has been called before.
Test method: Call the getSearchLanguage() method.
Conformity result: Return the language type that matches the search text information. | +| 118 | | getSource() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized, the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated, and setSource() has been called before.
Test method: Call the getSource() method.
Conformity result: Return the search data source that matches the search. | +| 119 | | getTimeLimit() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized, the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated, and setTimeLimit() has been called before.
Test method: Call the getTimeLimit() method.
Conformity result: Return the time limit for matching search timeout. | +| 120 | | setMaxResults() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: ASearchManager engine has been successfully instantiated, AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setMaxResults() method. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AutoCompleteSearchFilter | |

Conformity result: Return the maximum number of results that can be returned from a match search.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: If the set value is less than or equal to 0 or exceeds the maximum value supported by the system, call the setMaxResults() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 121 | | setSearchField() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setSearchField() method.
Conformity results: Set up three searchable types, as title or keyword or profile.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Set non-title or keyword or introduction to one of three searchable types, and call the setSearchField() method.
Conformity result: Return an exception.

| +| 122 | | setSearchLanguage() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setSearchLanguage() method.
Conformity result: Set the language type of the search text.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.

Test method: If the input parameter iso639code does not comply with [ISO 639], call the setSearchLanguage() method.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 123 | | setSource() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setSource() method.
Conformity result: Set the search data source for matching searches.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: If the matching search data source is not within the type defined by sourceType, call the setSource() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 124 | | setTimeout() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The SearchManager engine has been successfully initialized and the AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setTimeout() method.
Conformity result: Set the matching search timeout.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, and AutoCompleteSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Set the time to be less than 0 or exceed the maximum value supported by the system, and call the setTimeout() method.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 125 | GlobalSearchFilter | DEFAULT_MAX_GLOBAL_SEARCH_RESULTS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 50. | +| 126 | | getGlobalSearchFilter() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully.
Test method: Call the getGlobalSearchFilter() method.
Conformity result: Return the object instantiated by GlobalSearchFilter. | +| 127 | | getContentNibble() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, and GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the getContentNibble() method.
Conformity result: Return the category of the programme to be filtered. | +| 128 | | getContentType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, and GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the getContentType() method.
Conformity result: Return the programme type of the programme to be filtered. | +| 129 | | getCriteriaFlags() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, and GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the getCriteriaFlags() method.
Conformity result: Return the flag of the searched filter condition. | +| 130 | | getMaxResults() | Conformity requirements
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated and setMaxResults() has | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | GlobalSearchFilter | | been called previously.
Test method: Call the getMaxResults() method.
Conformity result: Get the maximum search value returned by the global search. | +| 131 | | getSearchField() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated and setSearchField() has been called previously.
Test method: Call the getSearchField() method.
Conformity result: Get the fields that need to be searched for in the global search. | +| 132 | | getSearchLanguage() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated and setSearchLanguage()has been called previously.
Test method: Call the getSearchLanguage() method.
Conformity result: Get the language category of global search text information. | +| 133 | | getSource() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated and setSource()has been called previously.
Test method: Call the getSource() method.
Conformity result: Get the data source for the global search. | +| 134 | | getThreshold() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated and setThreshold()has been called previously.
Test method: Call the getThreshold() method.
Conformity result: Get the threshold for global search results. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 135 | | getTimeLimit() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated and setTimeLimit()has been called previously.
Test method: Call the getTimeLimit() method.
Conformity result: Get the time limit for the global search.

| +| 136 | | setContentNibble() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setContentNibble() method.
Conformity result: Set the category of the global search for programs to be filtered.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setContentNibble() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 137 | | setContentType() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setContentType() method.
Conformity result: Set the type of the global search for programs to be filtered.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: The set parameter is not in the defined content type, call the setContentType() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 138 | | setCriteriaFlags() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setCriteriaFlags() method.
Conformity result: Set the flag of the global search criteria.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: The set parameter is not in the defined content type, call the setCriteriaFlags() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 139 | | setMaxResults() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setMaxResults() method.
Conformity result: Set the maximum value of the search returned by the global search.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: The set parameter is less than 0 or exceeds the maximum value specified by the system, call the setMaxResults() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 140 | | setSearchField() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setSearchField() method.
Conformity result: Set the search field for the global search.

Conformity requirement 2:

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.

Test method: Set non-title or keyword or introduction to one of three searchable types, and call the setSearchField() method.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 141 | | setSearchLanguage() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.

Test method: Call the setSearchLanguage() method.

Conformity result: Set the language category for global search text messages.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.

Test method: If the input parameter iso639code does not comply with [ISO 639], call the setSearchLanguage() method.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 142 | | setSource() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.

Test method: Call the setSource() method.

Conformity result: Set the search data source for matching searches.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.

Test method: If the set parameter is not in the value specified by the data source., call the setSource() method.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 143 | | setThreshold() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setThreshold() method.
Conformity result: Set the threshold for global search.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: If the set value is less than 0, call the setThreshold() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 144 | | SetTimeLimit() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: Call the setTimeLimit() method.
Conformity result: Set the maximum time limit of the search returned by the global search.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: SearchManager engine is initialized successfully, the GlobalSearchFilter object has been instantiated.
Test method: The set value is less than 0 or exceeds the range of the system maximum value, call the setTimeLimit() method.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 145 | SearchManager | getInstance() |

Conformity requirements:
Preconditions: None.
Test method: Call the getInstance() method.
Conformity result: Return an instance of SearchManager.

| +| 146 | | getAutoCompleteSearchSession() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Instantiate the object of the SearchManager class.
Test method: Call the

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SearchManager | | getAutoCompleteSearchSession() method.
Conformity result: Return AutoCompleteSearchSession object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Instantiate the object of the SearchManager class.
Test method: Call the getAutoCompleteSearchSession() method with illegal input parameters.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 147 | | getGlobalSearchSession() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Instantiate the object of the SearchManager class.
Test method: Call the getGlobalSearchSession() method.
Conformity result: Return GlobalSearchSession object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Instantiate the object of the SearchManager class.
Test method: Call the getGlobalSearchSession() method with illegal input parameters.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 148 | | getSearchHistory() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Before instantiating the SearchManager class object, there are sessions that successfully return search results.
Test method: Call the getSearchHistory() method.
Conformity result: Return the getSearchHistoryList object.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Instantiate the object of the SearchManager class.
Test method: StartSearch() has not been called before.
getSearchHistory() method is called.
Conformity result: Searching the history list returns a failure, and throws an exception. | +| 149 | | clearHistory() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Before instantiating the SearchManager class object, there are sessions that successfully return search results. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the clearHistory() method.
Conformity result: Clear search history.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Instantiate the object of the SearchManager class.
Test method: StartSearch() has not been called before.
getSearchHistory() method is called.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 150 | SortCriteria | SORT_ORDER_NONE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 151 | | SORT_ORDER_ASCENDING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 152 | | SORT_ORDER_DESCENDING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 153 | | SORT_TYPE_NONE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 0. | +| 154 | | SORT_TYPE_TITLE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 1. | +| 155 | | SORT_TYPE_START_TIME | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 2. | +| 156 | | SORT_TYPE_CONTENT_NIBBLE | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SortCriteria | | Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine the constant value.
Conformity result: The constant value is 15. | +| 157 | | SortCriteria() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Instantiate SearchManager class object, the application needs a way to view the search results, there exists a list object of the search results.
Test method: Call the SortCriteria() method.
Conformity result: Create an object with sorting criteria. | +| 158 | | getOrder() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Instantiate Instantiate the SearchManager class object, the application needs a way to view the search results, there exists a list object of the search results, and setOrder() has been called before.
Test method: Call the getOrder() method.
Conformity result: Get the alignment method. | +| 159 | | setOrder() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Instantiate Instantiate the SearchManager class object, the application needs a way to view the search results, there exists a list object of the search results.
Test method: Call the setOrder() method.
Conformity result: Get alignment elements.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Instantiate Instantiate the SearchManager class object, the application needs a way to view the search results, there exists a list object of the search results.
Test method: The input parameter is not inside the type and the setOrder() method is called.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 160 | | getType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Instantiate Instantiate the SearchManager class object, the application needs a way to view the search results, there exists a list object of the search results, and setType() has been called before.
Test method: Call the getType() method.
Conformity result: Get the alignment element. | +| 161 | | setType() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Instantiate Instantiate the SearchManager class object, the application needs a way to view the search results, there exists a list object of the search results.
Test method: Call the setType() method.
Conformity result: Set the alignment element.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The user calls the instantiated SearchManager class and the corresponding search callback is established.
Test method: Call the setType() method to set the parameter not to be in the constant field of the alignment element.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | + +### A.9 Conformance test of multi-screen interactive unit interfaces + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | ImultiScreenService | START_MULTISCREEN SERVER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.START_MULTISCREENSERVER.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 2 | | STOP_MULTISCREEN SERVER | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.STOP_MULTISCREENSERVER.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3 | ImultiScreenService | START_MULTISCREENCLIENT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.START_MULTISCREENCLIENT.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 4 | | STOP_MULTISCREENCLIENT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.STOP_MULTISCREENCLIENT.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 5 | | FIND_SPS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.FIND_SPS.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 6 | | CONNECT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.CONNECT.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 7 | | SET_CALLBACK | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.SET_CALLBACK.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 8 | | QUERY_INFO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.QUERY_INFO.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 9 | | EXEC_CMD | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.EXEC_CMD.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 10 | | INPUT_KEYCODE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.INPUT_KEYCODE. | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 11 | ImultiScreenService | NOTIFY_ALL_REMOTE | Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls ImultiScreenService.NOTIFY_ALL_REMOTE.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 12 | | startMultiScreenServer() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The device and server are connected to the same local area network.
Test method: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method and input valid parameters to start the multi screen interactive component server.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) SpName represents the server name, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
b) SpVersion represents the server-side version, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
c) SpDeviceType represents the type of server-side device, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
d) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
e) SpServiceInfo represents server-side service information, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
f) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
g) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The device and server are not connected to the same local area network.
Test method: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method and input valid parameters to start the multi screen interactive component server.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The device and server are connected to the same local area network.
Test method: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code. | +| 13 | | stopMultiScreenServer() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method to successfully start the multi screen | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

interactive component server.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The multi screen interactive component server has not been started.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 14 | | startMultiScreenClient() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The device and client have been already connected to the same local area network.

Test method: Call the startMultiScreenClient() method and enter valid parameters to start the multi screen interactive component client.

The validity of the parameters is as follows:

  1. 1. ClientName: indicates the client name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The device and client are not connected to the same local area network.

Test method: Call the startMultiScreenClient() method.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: The device and client are already connected to the same local area network.

Test method: Call the startMultiScreenClient() method and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 15 | | stopMultiScreenClient() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method to successfully start the multi screen interactive component server.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenClient() method.

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The multi screen interactive component client has not been successfully started.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenClient() method.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 16 | ImultiScreenService | | Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code. | +| | | findSPs() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The service component device is connected to the same local area network as the server and client, and the service component device can be discovered.
Test method: Call the findSPs() method.
Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The service component device cannot be discovered.
Test method: Call the findSPs() method.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 17 | | connect() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: local area network (LAN) server devices can be discovered.
Test method: Call the connect() method and input valid parameters.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:

  • a) SpName represents the server name, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • b) SpVersion represents the server-side version, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • c) SpServiceInfo represents server-side service information, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • d) SpDeviceType represents the type of server-side device, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • e) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
  • f) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
  • g) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: LAN server devices cannot be discovered.
Test method: Call the connect() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: LAN server devices can be

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 18 | ImultiScreenService | |

discovered.

Test method: Call the connect() method and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| | | setCallBack(IBinder ibinder) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The local area network is connected to the remote interface.

Test method: Call the setCallBack() method and input valid parameters to set the remote call callback interface.

The validity of the parameters is as follows:

1. Ibinder org.tvos.os.Ibinder object type.

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The local area network is not connected to the remote interface.

Test method: Call the setCallBack() method and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: The local area network is connected to the remote interface.

Test method: Call the setCallBack() method and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 19 | | queryInfo() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().

Test method: The client calls the queryInfo() method and inputs valid parameters.

The validity of the parameters is as follows:

  • a) CMDID represents the instruction ID for requesting information, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • b) Attribute represents the instruction name for requesting information, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
  • c) Params represents the instruction parameters for requesting information, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • d) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
  • e) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
  • f) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000
| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 20 | ImultiScreenService | |

characters in length

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have not established a connection.

Test method: The client calls the queryInfo() method and inputs valid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().

Test method: The client calls the queryInfo() method and inputs invalid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| | | execCmd() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().

Test method: The client calls the execCmd() method and inputs valid parameters.

The validity of the parameters is as follows:

  • a) Cmd represents key commands, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
  • b) Param represents the parameter attached to the key command, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
  • c) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
  • d) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
  • e) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have not established a connection.

Test method: The client calls the execCmd() method and inputs valid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Test method: The client calls the execCmd() method and inputs invalid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 21 | | inputKeyCode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect(), the multi screen interactive client successfully calls the execCmd() method, and the server successfully enters the command receiving state.
Test method: The client calls the inputKeyCode() method and inputs valid parameters.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) Action represents a key command, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
b) Param represents the parameter attached to the key command, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
c) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
d) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
e) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The server fails to successfully enter the command receiving state.
Test method: The client calls the inputKeyCode() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect(), the multi screen interactive client successfully calls the execCmd() method, and the server successfully enters the command receiving state.
Test method: The client calls the inputKeyCode() method and inputs invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 22 | | |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The client and server of the local area network have successfully connected.
Test method: The multi screen interactive component server calls the boardCastAllDevice()

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | boardCastAllDevice() |

method and inputs valid parameters.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) Cmd represents a broadcast instruction, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
b) Param represents the parameter attached to the broadcast command, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The client and server of the local area network have not established a connection.
Test method: The multi screen interactive component server calls the boardCastAllDevice() method and inputs valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The client and server of the local area network have successfully connected.
Test method: The multi screen interactive component server calls the boardCastAllDevice() method and inputs invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 23 | ImultiScreenCallBack | ON_SP_FOUNDED |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_SP_FOUNDED.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements.

| +| 24 | | ON_CONNECTED |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_CONNECTED.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements.

| +| 25 | | ON_CONNECTEDREFUSED |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_CONNECTEDREFUSED.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements.

| +| 26 | | ON_DISCONNECTED |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_DISCONNECTED.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 27 | | ON_SERVICE_ACTIVATED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_SERVICE_ACTIVATED.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 28 | | ON_SERVICE_DEACTIVATED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_SERVICE_DEACTIVATED.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 29 | | ON_QUERY_INFO | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_QUERY_INFO.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 30 | | ON_QUERY_RESPONSE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_QUERY_RESPONSE.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 31 | | ON_EXECUTE | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_EXECUTE.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 32 | | ON_INPUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_INPUT.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 33 | | ON_NOTIFY | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: The class name directly calls IMultiScreenCallBack.ON_NOTIFY.
Conformity requirements: The corresponding value is consistent with the requirements. | +| 34 | | onSpFounded() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Component service can be discovered through the findSPs() method. The service starts and | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 35 | ImultiScreenCallback | |

creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallback object, and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the findSp() method.

Conformity result: The onSpFounded() method is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi-screen interactive component service cannot be connected. the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallback object and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the findSp() method.

Conformity result: The onSpFounded() method is not called in the instance.

| +| | | onConnected() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Component service can be discovered through the findSPs() method. The service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallback object, and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the connect() method.

Conformity result: The onConnected() method is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi-screen interactive component service cannot be connected. the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallback object and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the connect() method.

Conformity result: The onConnected() method is not called in the instance.

| +| | | onConnectRefused() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive service component is currently in a rejected connection state. the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallback object and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the connect() method.

Conformity result:The onConnectRefused() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Service component is able to connect and is currently in the unconnected state. the service starts and creates an instance of the

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 37 | ImultiScreenCallback | | IMultiScreenCallBack object and registers an instance of this callback through the setCallBack method.
Test method: Call the connect() method.
Conformity result: The onConnectRefused() is not called in the instance. | +| | | onDisconnected() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Service component is able to disconnect and is currently in the connected state. the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object and registers an instance of this callback through the setCallBack method.
Test method: The connect() method is called, onConnected() is called, and then stopMultiScreenServer is called to disconnect.
Conformity result: The onDisconected() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Service component is currently in the unconnected state. the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.
Test method: Call the connect() method, onConnected() is called and then stopMultiScreenServer is called to disconnect the connection.
Conformity result: The onDisconected() is not called in the instance. | +| 38 | | onServiceActivated() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Component service can be activated via the startMultiScreenServer() method and is currently in the inactive state. The service starts and creates an IMultiScreenCallBack object instance and registers this callback instance via the setCallBack method.
Test method: call startMultiScreenServer() method.
Conformity result: onServiceActivated() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Component service cannot be activated by the startMultiScreenServer() method and is currently in the inactive state. the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object and registers this callback instance with the | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | ImultiScreenCallBack | |

setCallBack method.

Test method: call startMultiScreenServer() method.

Conformity result: onServiceActivated() is not called in the instance.

| +| 39 | | onServiceDeactivated() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: LAN MultiScreen Interactive Service can be shut down and is currently in the startup state; create an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object and register this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.

Conformity result: The onServiceDeactivated() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: LAN MultiScreen Interactive Service is currently in an unstarted state; create an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object and register the callback instance via the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.

Conformity result: The onServiceDeactivated() is not called in the instance.

| +| 40 | | onQueryInfo() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Component service and the client are connected, the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers the callback instance via the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call the queryInfo() method.

Conformity result: onQueryInfo() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | ImultiScreenCallBack | | Component service is not connected to the client, the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers the callback instance via the setCallBack method.
Test method: Call the queryInfo() method.
Conformity result: onQueryInfo() is not called in the instance. | +| 41 | | onQueryResponse() | Conformity requirement1:
Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Server can respond to client data requests. the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.
Test method: Call the onQueryInfo() method.
Conformity result: onQueryResponse() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Service cannot respond to client data requests, the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.
Test method: Call the onQueryInfo() method.
Conformity result: onQueryResponse() is not called in the instance. | +| 42 | | onExecute() | Conformity requirement1:
Precondition: Preconditions: The LAN multi-screen interactive client can send commands to the server to execute the request, currently in the connection state, the service starts and creates an IMultiScreenCallBack object instance, and registers the callback instance through the setCallBack method.
Test method: Call execCmd() method.
Conformity result: onExecute() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi-screen interactive client and the server are not connected, the server cannot receive the command to execute the request, the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.
Test method: Call execCmd() method.
Conformity result: onExecute() is not called in the instance. | +| 43 | | onInputKeyCode() | Conformity requirement1:
Precondition: The LAN multi-screen interactive | + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

client can send key injection execution request to the server, the service starts and creates an instance of IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers the callback instance through setCallBack method.

Test method: call inputkeyCode() method.

Conformity result: onInputKeyCode() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi-screen interactive client and the server are not connected, the server cannot receive the key injection execution request, the service starts and creates an instance of IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call inputkeyCode() method.

Conformity result: onInputKeyCode() is not called in the instance.

| +| 44 | | onNotify() |

Conformity requirement1:

Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive Client can receive broadcast notifications sent by the server, start and create an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and register this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: call boardCastAllDevice() method.

Conformity result: onNotify() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN MultiScreen Interactive server is not connected to the client, the client is unable to receive broadcasts, the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers this callback instance through the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call boardCastAllDevice() method.

Conformity result: onNotify() is not called in the instance.

| +| 45 | | onTransact() |

Conformity requirement1:

Precondition: The multi-screen interactive component service can be accessed across processes., the service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers the callback instance via the setCallBack method.

Test method: Call any of the methods.

Conformity result: onTransact() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

| + +| Serial No. | Class/interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Precondition: Multi screen interactive component services do not experience cross process access. The service starts and creates an instance of the IMultiScreenCallBack object, and registers the callback instance via the setCallBack method. Test method: Call any of the methods. Conformity result: onTransact() is not called in the instance. | + +### A.10 Conformance test of DRM management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | org.ngb.drm.services.ChinaDrmManager | setOnMessageListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: After successfully calling registerApp(), register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the setOnMessageListener() method and set valid parameters.
Conformity result: When playing a DRM programme protected by a DRM system identified as a registered drmId, the message notification callback function is called to get the notification message. | +| 2 | | setOnLicenseListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: After setting licensereq_commandId to 0 and calling registerApp(), the DRM APP is successfully registered.
Test method: Call the setOnLicenseListener() method and set valid parameters.
Conformance test result: When playing a DRM programme protected by a DRM system identified as a registered drmId, the Get License callback function is called to get a license request message. | +| 3 | | setOnDecryptListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: After setting licensereq_commandId to 0 and calling registerApp(), the DRM APP is successfully registered.
Test method: Call the setOnDecryptListener() method and set valid parameters.
Conformance test result: When playing a DRM programme protected by a DRM system identified as a registered drmId, the callback function for data decryption is called to get the decryption request message. | +| 4 | | registerApp() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The DRM component is working properly.
Test method: Call the registerApp() method and | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | org.ngb.drm.services.ChinaDrmManager | | input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Method returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The DRM component is working properly.
Test method: Call the registerApp() method and set invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Method returns non-zero. | +| | | unRegisterApp() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After successfully calling registerApp(), register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the unRegisterApp() method.
Conformity result: Method returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Do not call registerApp(), do not register DRM APP.
Test method: Call the unRegisterApp() method.
Conformity result: Method returns non-zero. | +| 6 | | sendCommandToTEE() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After successfully calling registerApp(), register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the sendCommandToTEE() method and set valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns the ChinaDrmTeeRetVal object and calls the getReturnCode() method of the ChinaDrmTeeRetVal object to get a return value of 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: After successfully calling registerApp(), register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the sendCommandToTEE() method and set invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns the ChinaDrmTeeRetVal object and calls the getReturnCode() method of the ChinaDrmTeeRetVal object to get a return value of non-zero. | +| 7 | | sendMessageToPlayer() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After successfully calling registerApp(), register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the sendMessageToPlayer() method and set valid parameters.
Conformity result: Method returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: After successfully calling registerApp(), register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the sendMessageToPlayer() method and set invalid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Method returns non-zero. | +| 8 | org.ngb.drm.services.ChinaDrmTeeRetVal | getData() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After calling sendCommandToTEE(), call the getDataLen() method of ChinaDrmTeeRetVal to return an integer greater than zero.
Test method: Call the getData() method.
Conformity result: The method returns the data returned by DRM Tapp.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: After calling sendCommandToTEE(), call the getDataLen() method of ChinaDrmTeeRetVal to return zero.
Test method: Call the getData() method.
Conformity result: Method returns NULL.

| +| 9 | | getDataLen() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After calling sendCommandToTEE(), call the getReturnCode() method of ChinaDrmTeeRetVal to return 0.
Test method: Call the getDataLen() method.
Conformity result: The method returns an integer greater than or equal to 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: After calling sendCommandToTEE(), call the getReturnCode() method of ChinaDrmTeeRetVal to return non-zero.
Test method: Call the getDataLen() method.
Conformity result: Method returns 0.

| +| 10 | | getOriginCode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After calling sendCommandToTEE(), call the getReturnCode() method of ChinaDrmTeeRetVal to return 0.
Test method: Call the getOriginCode() method.
Conformity result: Method returns 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: After calling sendCommandToTEE(), call the getReturnCode() method of ChinaDrmTeeRetVal to return non-zero.
Test method: Call the getOriginCode() method.
Conformity result: Method returns non-zero.

| +| 11 | | getReturnCode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call sendCommandToTEE() and return the ChinaDrmTeeRetVal object.
Test method: Call the getReturnCode() method.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Method returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call sendCommandToTEE(), set invalid parameters, and return the ChinaDrmTeeRetVal object.
Test method: Call getReturnCode().
Conformity result: Method returns non-zero. | + +### A.11 Conformance test of DCAS unit interface + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | | startDescrambling() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the DCAS software successfully calls CASModuleManager.registerCASModule(). Pass the CASModule to the platform.
Test method: Platform calls startDescrambling().
Conformity result: Start descrambling the program. | +| 2 | | updateDescrambling() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the DCAS software successfully calls CASModuleManager.registerCASModule(). Pass the CASModule to the platform.
Test method: Platform calls updateDescrambling().
Conformity result: Descramble program. | +| 3 | | stopDescrambling() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the DCAS software successfully calls CASModuleManager.registerCASModule(). Pass the CASModule to the platform, after the platform successfully calls startDescrambling().
Test method: Call updateDescrambling().
Conformity result: Stop descrambling program. | +| 4 | | getCAInfo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the DCAS software successfully calls | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 5 | CASModule | | CASModuleManager.registerCASModule().Pass the CASModule to the platform, platform successfully calls setCAInfo().
Test method: Call getCAInfo().
Conformity result: Get CA information. | +| | CASModule | setCAInfo() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DCAS software successfully calls CASModuleManager.registerCASModule(). Pass the CASModule to the platform.
Test method: Call setCAInfo() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Set successfully and return 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DCAS software successfully calls CASModuleManager.registerCASModule(). Pass the CASModule to the platform.
Test method: Call setCAInfo() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return an error value. | +| 6 | | | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call setCAInfo() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call getCAInfo().
Conformity result: Get CA information. | +| | CASDataUtils | getCAInfo() | | +| 7 | CASDataUtils | setCAInfo() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, DCASAPP has been registered.
Test method: Call setCAInfo() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Set successfully and return 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call setCAInfo() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call setCAInfo() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return an error value. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | CADescriptor | getData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, successfully call setData().
Test method: Call getData().
Conformity result: Get the specified type of data. | +| 9 | | setData() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, DCASAPP has been registered.
Test method: Call setData() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Set successfully and return 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, DCASAPP has been registered.
Test method: Call setData() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return an error value. | +| 10 | | getCASystemId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, successfully call getCADescriptor().
Test method: Call getCASystemId().
Conformity result: Get CASystemId. | +| 11 | | getPid() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, successfully call getCADescriptor().
Test method: Call getPid().
Conformity result: Get the PID in the CA description. | +| 12 | | getPrivateData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, successfully call getCADescriptor().
Test method: Call getPrivateData().
Conformity result: Get the private data array in the CA description. | +| 13 | | getDescramblerContext() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls startDescrambling().
Test method: DCASAPP calls | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | CAServiceComponentInfo | | getDescramblerContext().
Conformity result: Get the DescramblerContext object for DCAS application loading CW. | +| 14 | | getCAdescriptor() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls startDescrambling().
Test method: DCASAPP calls getCAdescriptor().
Conformity result: Get CA description. | +| 15 | | getComponentStreamPIDs() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls startDescrambling().
Test method: DCASAPP calls getComponentStreamPIDs().
Conformity result: Get the private data array in the CA description. | +| 16 | | getComponentStreamTypes() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls startDescrambling().
Test method: DCASAPP calls getComponentStreamTypes().
Conformity result: Get the ES PID array. | +| 17 | | getServiceIdentifiers() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls startDescrambling().
Test method: DCASAPP calls getServiceIdentifiers().
Conformity result: Get an array of ES stream types. | +| 18 | CASPacketListener | casPacketArrived() | Compliance requirements:
Precondition:
RegisterCASPacketListener() has been called.
Test method: Call casPacketArrived().
Compliance result: Obtain conditional access system (CAS) package. | +| 19 | CASSession | getType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition:
RegisterCASPacketListener() has been called. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | CASStatus | | Test method: Call casPacketArrived() .
Conformity result: Get CAS package.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call startDescrambling() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call getType() .
Conformity result: Return the type of operation. | +| 20 | | getNetworkInterface() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform has called startDescrambling() .
Test method: Call getNetworkInterface() .
Conformity result: Return the NetworkInterface object. | +| 21 | | getAssociatedService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform has called startDescrambling() .
Test method: Call getAssociatedService() .
Conformity result: Return the Service object. | +| 22 | | getServiceContext() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform has called startDescrambling() .
Test method: Call getServiceContext() .
Conformity result: Return the ServiceContext object. | +| 23 | CASStatus | isSuccess() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: StartDescrambling has been called and the result of the descrambling is known.
Test method: Call isSuccess() .
Conformity result: Set the descrambling result. | +| 24 | | getCAToken() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The CATListener has been registered by calling registerCATListener .
Test method: Call getCAToken() .
Conformity result: Can receive update notifications. | +| 25 | CATListener | catUpdate() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The CATListener has been registered by calling | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | registerCATListener.
Test method: Call catUpdate().
Conformity result: Can receive update notifications. | +| 26 | CATNotifier | registerCATListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The CATNotify object has been obtained.
Test method: Call registerCATListener().
Conformity result: Register a CATListener. | +| 27 | | unregisterCATListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The CATNotify object has been obtained and the registerCATListener() has been called.
Test method: Call unregisterCATListener().
Conformity result: Unregister CATListener. | +| 28 | CASModuleManager | getInstance() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The security policy is activated and the DCASAPP has invocation privileges.
Test method: Call getInstance().
Conformity result: Get CASModuleManager instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The security policy is activated and the DCASAPP has no invocation privileges.
Test method: Call getInstance().
Conformity result: Throw an exception of java.lang.SecurityException. | +| 29 | | registerCASModule() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call registerCASModule().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call registerCASModule() again. | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 30 | CASModuleManager | | Conformity result: Throw an exception of java.lang.IllegalArgumentException. | +| | | updateCASystemId() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call updateCASystemId().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: RegisterCASModule() is not called.
Test method: Call updateCASystemId().
Conformity result: Throw an exception of java.lang.IllegalArgumentException .

| +| 31 | | sendDescramblingEvent() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendDescramblingEvent().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: RegisterCASModule() is not called.
Test method: Call sendDescramblingEvent().
Conformity result: Throw an exception of java.lang.IllegalArgumentException.

| +| 32 | | unregisterCASModule() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call unregisterCASModule().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: RegisterCASModule() is not called.
Test method: Call unregisterCASModule().
Conformity result: Throw an exception of java.lang.IllegalArgumentException.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 33 | CASModuleManager | getChipControllers() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCASAPP runs normally.
Test method: Call getChipControllers().
Conformity result: Return an array of chip controllers. | +| 34 | | setcurrentController() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setcurrentController().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: RegisterCASModule() is not called.
Test method: Call setcurrentController().
Conformity result: Throw an exception of java.lang.IllegalArgumentException. | +| 35 | | setCCIBits() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call setCCIBits().
Conformity result: CCI bit information is set to the platform. | +| 36 | | setServiceListFilter() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call setServiceListFilter().
Conformity result: Filter parameters are set to the platform. | +| 37 | | registerCASPacketListener() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call registerCASPacketListener().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call registerCASPacketListener() again.
Conformity result: Throw an exception of | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 38 | CASModuleManager | unregisterCASPacketListener() | java.lang.IllegalArgumentException.
Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASPacketListener().
Test method: Call unregisterCASPacketListener().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: RegisterCASPacketListener() is not called.
Test method: Call unregisterCASPacketListener().
Conformity result: Throw an exception of java.lang.IllegalArgumentException. | +| 39 | | getDetachableSecurityDevices() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call getDetachableSecurityDevices().
Conformity result: Return an array of DetachableSecurityDevice object. | +| 40 | | receiveOsdMsg() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call receiveOsdMsg().
Conformity result: Send on-screen display (OSD) to the platform. | +| 41 | | showFingerMsg() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call showFingerMsg().
Conformity result: Send the fingerprint to the platform. | +| 42 | | receiveTuningAlert() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call receiveTuningAlert().
Conformity result: Send emergency broadcast to the platform. | +| 43 | | getCATNotifier() | Conformity Requirement 1:
Precondition: successfully call getInstance().
Test method: Call getCATNotifier().
Conformance result: Get the | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | CATNotifier object. | +| 44 | CASPermission | CASPermission() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call CASPermission().
Conformity result: Create a CASPermission. | +| 45 | | CASPermission(String name, String actions) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call CASPermission().
Conformity result: The java.security.Policy object instantiates a new Permission object. | +| 46 | DescramblerContext | loadCW() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call getDescramblerContext().
Test method: Call loadCW() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: loading succeeds, the programme can be watched.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call getDescramblerContext().
Test method: Call loadCW() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Loading fails, throw this exception. | +| 47 | | overrideChipController() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call getDescramblerContext().
Test method: Call overrideChipController() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: loading succeeds, the programme can be watched.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call getDescramblerContext().
Test method: Call overrideChipController() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Fail to load, exception is thrown. | +| 48 | ChipController | SCHEME_TDES | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call authenticate() and input the parameters as SCHEME_TDES.
Conformity result: Return an array | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 49 | ChipController | | of handshake responses.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call loadCW() and input the parameters as SCHEME_TDES.
Conformity result: Loading succeeds. | +| | | SCHEME_AES | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call authenticate() and input the parameters as SCHEME_AES.
Conformity result: Return an array of handshake responses.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call loadCW() and input the parameters as SCHEME_AES.
Conformity result: Loading succeeds. | +| 50 | | PROCESSING_MODE_REGULAR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call authenticate() with PROCESSING_MODE_REGULAR as the parameter.
Conformity result: Return an array of handshake responses. | +| 51 | | PROCESSING_MODE_POST_PROCESSING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call authenticate() with PROCESSING_MODE_POST_PROCESSING as the parameter.
Conformity result: Return an array of handshake responses. | +| 52 | | getPublicId() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call getPublicId().
Conformity result: Return ChipID.
Conformity requirement 2: | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | ChipController | |

Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().

Test method: Call getPublicId(), and driver communication error occurs.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 53 | | getChipType() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().

Test method: Call getChipType().

Conformity result: Return the chip type.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().

Test method: Call getChipType(), and driver communication error occurs.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 54 | | getChipControllerProperty() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().

Test method: Call getChipControllerProperty().

Conformity result: Return the property value.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().

Test method: Call getChipControllerProperty(), and driver communication error occurs.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 55 | | authenticate() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().

Test method: Call authenticate().

Conformity result: Return response data.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().

Test method: Call authenticate(), and driver communication error occurs.

Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 56 | | encryptData() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call encryptData().
Conformity result: Get encrypted data.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call encryptData(), and driver communication error occurs.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 57 | | decryptData() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call decryptData().
Conformity result: Get decrypted data.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call getChipControllers().
Test method: Call decryptData(), and driver communication error occurs.
Conformity result: Throw an exception.

| +| 58 | Key | Key() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call Key().
Conformity result: Construct Key.

| +| 59 | | getKeyValue() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call key().
Test method: Call getKeyValue ().
Conformity result: Return the key value.

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 60 | | isEncrypted() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A successful call to key() with an unencrypted key value for the argument.
Test method: Call isEncrypted().
Conformity result: Return an unencrypted key.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A successful call to key() with an encrypted key value for the argument.
Test method: Call isEncrypted().
Conformity result: Return the encrypted key.

| +| 61 | CWKey | PARITY_EVEN |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call CWKey(), the control word (CW) value of the parameter is even.
Test method: Call getParity().
Conformity result: Return PARITY_EVEN.

| +| 62 | | PARITY_ODD |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call CWKey(), the CW value of the parameter is odd.
Test method: Call getParity().
Conformity result: Return PARITY_ODD.

| +| 63 | | CWKey() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call CWKey().
Conformity result: Construct CWKey.

| +| 64 | | getParity() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call CWKey(), the CW value of the parameter is odd.
Test method: Call getParity().
Conformity result: Return PARITY_ODD.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call CWKey(), the CW value of the parameter is even.
Test method: Call getParity().
Conformity result: Return PARITY_EVEN.

| +| 65 | CASTEEManager | sendCommandToTEE() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DCASAPP registers

| + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successfully.
Test method: Call sendCommandToTEE().
Conformity result: Get the data returned by TEE
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DCASAPP registers successfully.
Test method: Call sendCommandToTEE(), and driver communication error occurs.
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 66 | CASEventListener | receiveCASEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCASAPP implements this function.
Test method: The platform calls receiveCASEvent().
Conformity result: Get CAS events. | +| 67 | | receiveCASOSDEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCASAPP implements this function.
Test method: The platform calls receiveCASOSDEvent().
Conformity result: Get OSD event. | +| 68 | | receiveCASFingerEvent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCASAPP implements this function.
Test method: The platform calls receiveCASFingerEvent().
Conformity result: Get fingerprint events. | +| 69 | CASAppInfo | getAID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent().
Test method: Platform calls getAID().
Conformity result: Get DCASAPP ID. | +| 70 | | getOID() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent().
Test method: Platform calls getOID().
Conformity result: Get the DCAS manufacturer ID. | +| 71 | | TYPE_PRESENTATION | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|-----------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | CASEventInfo | | Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent(), and passes the DCASAPP parameter TYPE_PRESENTATION.
Test method: Platform calls getType().
Conformity result: Get the TYPE_PRESENTATION type. | +| 72 | | TYPE_RECORDING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent(), and passes the DCASAPP parameter TYPE_RECORDING.
Test method: Platform calls getType().
Conformity result: Get Type_Recording type. | +| 73 | | TYPE_BUFFERING | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent(), and passes the DCASAPP parameter TYPE_BUFFERING.
Test method: Platform calls getType().
Conformity result: Get TYPE_BUFFERING type. | +| 74 | | getType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent().
Test method: Platform calls getType().
Conformity result: Get the event type. | +| 75 | | getNetworkInterface() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent().
Test method: Platform calls getNetworkInterface().
Conformity result: Get NetworkInterface object. | +| 76 | | getAssociatedService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent().
Test method: The platform calls | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|----------------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 77 | | | getAssociatedService().
Conformity result: Get the Service object. | +| | | getServiceContext() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform successfully calls receiveCASEvent().
Test method: Platform calls getServiceContext().
Conformity result: Get the ServiceContext object. | +| 78 | CASEventManager | getInstance() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCASAPP implements this function.
Test method: Platform calls getInstance().
Conformity result: Get a CASEventManager instance. | +| 79 | | addListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCASAPP implements this function.
Test method: The platform calls addListener().
Conformity result: DCASAPP get a CASEventListener for transmitting data. | +| 80 | | removeListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCASAPP implements this function, and the platform successfully calls addListener.
Test method: Platform calls removeListener().
Conformity result: Unregister the listener. | +| 81 | DetachabableSecurityDevice | open() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Smart card insertion.
Test method: Call open().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Smart card is inserted, and driver error occurs.
Test method: Call open().
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 82 | | close() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Smart card is inserted.
Test method: Call close(). | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DetachableSecurityDevice | | Conformity result: No exception is thrown.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Smart card is inserted, and driver error occurs.
Test method: Call close().
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| | | | 83 | +| 84 | | sendData() | Conformity requirement 1:
Pr condition: Smart card is inserted.
Test method: Call sendData().
Conformity result: No exception is thrown.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Smart card is inserted, and driver error occurs.
Test method: Call sendData().
Conformity result: Throw an exception. | +| 85 | | registerListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call registerListener().
Conformity result: Register the listener. | +| 86 | | removeListener() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call removeListener().
Conformity result: Remove the listener. | +| 87 | | DEVICE_IN | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Smart card is inserted.
Test method: Call receiveDeviceStatus().
Conformity result: Status is DEVICE_IN. | +| 88 | | DEVICE_OUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Remove the smart | + +| Serial No. | Class/Interface | Constant field/Attribute/Method | Process description | +|-------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DetachableSecurityDeviceListener | | card.
Test method: Call receiveDeviceStatus().
Conformity result: Status is DEVICE_OUT. | +| 89 | | DEVICE_ERROR | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Insert Bad smart card.
Test method: Call receiveDeviceStatus().
Conformity result: Status is DEVICE_ERROR. | +| 90 | | receiveDeviceStatus() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call receiveDeviceStatus().
Conformity result: Get the status of the device. | +| 91 | | receiveData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call receiveDeviceStatus to get the DEVICE_IN status.
Test method: Call receiveData().
Conformity result: Get the data returned by the smart card. | + +# Annex B + +## Conformance test of TVOS WEB application programming interface + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### B.1 Conformance test of one-way broadcast network access unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | DvbcTuningParameters | frequency | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DvbcTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write frequency.
Conformity result: Read/write frequency successfully in kHz. | +| 2 | | symbol_rate | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DvbcTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write symbol_rate.
Conformity result: Read/write symbol_rate successfully in KSymbol/s. | +| 3 | | Modulation | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DvbcTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write Modulation.
Conformity result: Read/write Modulation successfully with "QAM" suffix (with space), e.g., 64 QAM. | +| 4 | | DvbcTuningParameters() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call newDvbcTuningParameters().
Conformity result: Return the DvbcTuningParameters object. | +| 5 | | DvbcTuningParameters(frequency, symbolRate, modulation) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call DvbcTuningParameters (frequency, symbolRate, modulation).
Conformity result: Return the DvbcTuningParameters object, with frequency as the frequency, symbolRate as the symbol rate, and modulation as the modulation method. | +| 6 | AbsssTuningParameters | frequency | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create AbsssTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AbsssTuningParameters | | Test method: Read and write frequency.
Conformity result: Read/write frequency successfully in kHz. | +| 7 | | symbol_rate | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create AbsssTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write symbol_rate.
Conformity result: Read/write symbol_rate successfully in KSymbol/s. | +| 8 | | polarization | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create AbsssTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write polarization.
Conformity result: Read/write polarization method successfully. | +| 9 | | AbsssTuningParameters()
( ) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call new AbsssTuningParameters().
Conformity result: Return the AbsssTuningParameters object. | +| 10 | | AbsssTuningParameters (frequency, symbol_rate, polarization) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call AbsssTuningParameters (frequency, symbolRate, modulation).
Conformity result: Return the specified AbsssTuningParameters object with frequency as frequency, symbol rate as symbolRate, and polarization method as polarization. | +| | DtmbTuningParameters | | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DtmbTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write frequency.
Conformity result: Read/write frequency successfully in kHz. | +| 11 | | frequency | | +| 12 | | modulation | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DtmbTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write Modulation.
Conformity result: Read/write Modulation successfully with "QAM" suffix (with space), e.g., 64 QAM. | +| 13 | | codingRatio | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DtmbTuningParameters | | DtmbTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write codingRatio.
Conformity result: Read successfully, value is one of "0.4", "0.6", "0.8". | +| 14 | | PNMode | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DtmbTuningParameters object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write PNMode.
Conformity result: Read successfully, get frame header pattern. | +| 15 | | DtmbTuningParameters() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call new DtmbTuningParameters().
Conformity result: Return the DtmbTuningParameters object. | +| 16 | | DtmbTuningParameters(frequency) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call DtmbTuningParameters(frequency).
Conformity result: Return the specified AbsssTuningParameters object with frequency as frequency. | +| 17 | DvbTune | tune(deliveryType, paramsObj) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DeliveryType, paramsObj parameters conform to the current environment.
Test method: Call tune(deliveryType, paramsObj).
Conformity result: Frequency lock successful, sending 10001 (MSG_DVB_TUNE_SUCCESS) message to the page. | +| 18 | | getTunerSignalInfo() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call tune(deliveryType, paramsObj) and return lock frequency successful.
Test method: Call getTunerSignalInfo().
Conformity result: The returned string is Tuner information containing signal quality, signal strength, BER, signal level, signal_to_noise ratio. The format is: {signalQuality:XXX,signalStrength:XXX,errorRate:XXX,signalLevel:XXX,signalNoiseRatio:XXX}. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|---------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 19 | | getAllTunerInfos() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getAllTunerInfos().
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbTunerInfo objects containing all DvbTunerInfo. | +| 20 | DvbTunerInfo | tunerId | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DvbTunerInfo object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write tunerId.
Conformity result: Read/write is successful, and parameter type is integer. | +| 21 | | tunerType | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create DvbTunerInfo object based on testing environment conditions.
Test method: Read and write tunerType.
Conformity result: Read/write is successful, and parameter type is integer. | +| 22 | DvbScan | startScan(scanType, deliveryType, objArray[]) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully create DvbCTuningParameters() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call startScan(scanType, deliveryType, objArray []).
Conformity result: Send a message to the page;
The search will begin and a message MSG_DVB_SCAN_START will be sent to the page;
The current frequency search is complete, If any service is found, send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FIND_SERVICES to the page;
If all channels have been searched, send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FINISHED to the page;
If no channel is found, send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FAILED to the page. | +| 23 | | startScan(pid, tableId, deliveryType, objArray[]) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully create DvbCTuningParameters() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call startScan(pid, tableId, deliveryType, objArray []).
Conformity result: Send a message to the page;
The search will begin and a message | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbScan | | MSG_DVB_SCAN_START will be sent to the page;
If all channels have been searched, send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FINISHED to the page;
If no channel is found, send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FAILED to the page. | +| 24 | | startScan(jsonSIInfo) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the jsonSIInfo data format is correct.
Test method: Call startScan(jsonSIInfo).
Conformity result: Return 0 and send a message.
The search will begin and a message MSG_DVB_SCAN_START will be sent to the page;
The current frequency search is complete, If any service is found. Send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FIND_SERVICES to the page;
If all channels have been searched, send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FINISHED to the page;
If no channel is found, send the message MSG_DVB_SCAN_FAILED to the page.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the jsonSIInfo data format is incorrect.
Test method: Call startScan(jsonSIInfo).
Conformity result: Return -1. | +| 25 | | stopScan() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call startScan() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call stopScan().
Conformity result: Send a message of 10029(MSG_DVB_SCAN_STOP_SUCCESS) to the page.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, startScan() was not successfully called.
Test method: Call stopScan().
Conformity result: Send a message of 10030(MSG_DVB_SCAN_STOP_FAILED) to the page. | +| 26 | | update() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Receive a message of | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbScan | | 10028(MSG_DVB_SCAN_FIND_SERVICES).
Test method: Call update().
Conformity result: Update the channel list and return the Number type, where 1 indicates update successfully and 0 indicates failed update. | +| 27 | | save() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call startScan() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call save().
Conformity result: Send message of 10101(MSG_DVB_SCAN_SAVE_SUCCESS) or 10102(MSG_DVB_SCAN_SAVE_FAILED) to the page.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call update() based on the testing environment conditions.
Test method: Call save().
Conformity result: Send message of 10101(MSG_DVB_SCAN_SAVE_SUCCESS) or 10102(MSG_DVB_SCAN_SAVE_FAILED) to the page. | +| 28 | | revert() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call revert().
Conformity result: Send message of 10103(MSG_DVB_SCAN_REVERT_SUCCESS) or 10104(MSG_DVB_SCAN_REVERT_FAILED) to the page. | +| 29 | | deleteAll() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call deleteAll().
Conformity result: Send message of 10105(MSG_DVB_SCAN_DELETE_SUCCESS) or 10106(MSG_DVB_SCAN_DELETE_FAILED) to the page. | + +### B.2 Conformance test of broadcast protocol processing unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | DvbBroadcast | currentDvbNetwork |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A one-way live programme is currently playing.
Test method: Read the currentDvbNetwork property interface.
Conformity result: Return the DvbNetwork object corresponding to the current playback channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Have not called to play one-way channel or fail to play one-way channel.
Test method: Read the currentDvbNetwork property interface.
Conformity result: Return NULL.

| +| 2 | | currentDvbBouquets |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A one-way live programme is currently playing.
Test method: Read the currentDvbBouquets property interface.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbBouquet objects corresponding to the current playback channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Have not called to play one-way channel or fail to play one-way channel.
Test method: Read the currentDvbBouquets property interface.
Conformity result: Return NULL.

| +| 3 | | currentDvbTS |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A one-way live programme is currently playing.
Test method: Read the currentDvbTS attribute interface.
Conformity result: Return the DvbTS object corresponding to the current playback channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Have not called to play one-way channel or fail to play one-way channel.
Test method: Read the currentDvbTS attribute interface.
Conformity result: Return NULL.

| +| 4 | | currentDvbService |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A one-way live programme is currently playing.
Test method: Read the currentDvbService property interface.
Conformity result: Return the DvbService object

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbBroadcast | | corresponding to the current playback channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Have not called to play one-way channel or fail to play one-way channel.
Test method: Read the currentDvbService property interface.
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 5 | | currentDvbMosaic | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A one-way live programme is currently playing.
Test method: Read the currentDvbMosaic property interface.
Conformity result: Return the DvbMosaic object corresponding to the current playback channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Have not called to play one-way channel or fail to play one-way channel.
Test method: Read the currentDvbMosaic property interface.
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 6 | | getAllNetworks() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: An automatic search has been performed and successful.
Test method: Call the getAllNetworks() method.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbNetwork objects with a length greater than 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No automatic search has been performed, or automatic search has failed.
Test method: Call the getAllNetworks() method.
Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0. | +| 7 | | getAllNetworks(sortOrder) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: An automatic search has been performed and successful.
Test method: Call the getAllNetworks(sortOrder) method to input the specified sorted sortOrder type.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbNetwork objects of length greater than 0, sorted by the specified method.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No automatic search has been performed, or automatic search has failed.
Test method: Call the getAllNetworks(sortOrder) method to input the specified sorted sortOrder type.
Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | DvbBroadcast | getNetwork(network_id) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: An automatic search has been performed and successful.
Test method: Call the getNetwork(network_id) method to input the specified sorted sortOrder type.
Conformity result: Return the DvbNetwork object with the specified network_id.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No automatic search has been performed.
Test method: Call the getNetwork(network_id) method to input the specified network_id.
Conformity result: Return NULL.

| +| 9 | | getAllBouquets() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: An automatic search has been performed and successful.
Test method: Call the getAllBouquets() method.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbBouquet objects. If no service group object exists (e.g., no BAT table is found in the stream), the returned array has a length of zero.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No automatic search has been performed.
Test method: Call the getAllBouquets() method.
Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0.

| +| 10 | | getAllBouquets(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.
Test method: Call the getAllBouquets(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and a specific value number type array.
Conformity result: Return an array of the specified sorted DvbBouquet objects. If no service group object exists (e.g., no BAT table is found in the stream), the returned array is of length zero.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No search has been performed, or the search has failed.
Test method: Call the getAllBouquets(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.
Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0.

| +| 11 | | getBouquet(network_id, | Conformity requirement 1: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbBroadcast | bouquet_id) |

Precondition: The live stream should contain Bouquet information, have perform search, and succeed.

Test method: Call the getBouquet(network_id, bouquet_id) method to input the specified value.

Conformity result: Return the DvbBouquet object.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: No search has been performed.

Test method: Call the getBouquet(network_id, bouquet_id) method to input the specified value.

Conformity result: Return NULL.

| +| 12 | | getAllTSs() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.

Test method: Call the getAllTSs() method.

Conformity result: Return an array of DvbTS objects with a length greater than 0.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: No search has been performed.

Test method: Call the getAllTSs() method.

Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0.

| +| 13 | | getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.

Test method: Call the getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.

Conformity result: Return the specified sorted DvbTS object array.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: No search has been performed, or search has failed.

Test method: Call the getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.

Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0.

| +| 14 | | getTS(network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.

Test method: Call the getTS(network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id) method to input the specified value.

Conformity result: Return a DvbTS object. If the specified transport stream object does not exist,

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbBroadcast | | NULL is returned.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No search has been performed.
Test method: Call the getTS(network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id) method to input the specified value.
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 15 | | getAllServices() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.
Test method: Call the getAllServices() method.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbService objects with a length greater than 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The search has not been executed, or it may have failed.
Test method: Call the getAllServices() method.
Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0. | +| 16 | | getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.
Test method: Call the getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbService objects that match the specified sort.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No search has been performed, or automatic search has failed.
Test method: Call the getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.
Conformity result: The length of the returned array is 0. | +| 17 | | getAllMosaics() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.
Test method: Call the getAllMosaics() method.
Conformity result: Return all DvbMosaic objects. If there is no mosaic object, NULL is returned. | +| 18 | | getService(network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.
Test method: Call the getService(network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id) | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbBroadcast | | service_id) method to input the specified values.
Conformity result: Return the DvbTS object. If the specified transport stream object does not exist, NULL is returned.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No search has been performed.
Test method: Call the getService (network_id, original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id) method to input the specified value.
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 19 | | getEntryMosaic(network_id) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The search has been performed successfully.
Test method: Call the getEntryMosaic (network_id) method to input the specified value.
Conformity result: Return the DvbMosaic object. If there is no mosaic object, NULL is returned.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No search has been performed.
Test method: Call the getEntryMosaic (network_id) method to input the specified value.
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 20 | DvbNetwork | network_id | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully get DvbNetwork object.
Test method: Read the network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is the network identifier of a one-way broadcast network of type number. | +| 21 | | network_name | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the network_name attribute.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is the network name of a one-way broadcast network of type string. | +| 22 | | network_type | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the network_type attribute.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is the transmission type of a one-way broadcast network of type number. | +| 23 | | getNetworkName() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getNetworkName() method.
Conformity result: Return the correct value | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|---------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbNetwork | | which is the full name of the network name of type string. | +| 24 | | getShortNetworkName() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getShortNetworkName() method.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is a string type, indicating the network name abbreviation. If there is no network name abbreviation, undefined is returned. | +| 25 | | getAllTSs() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAllTSs() method.
Conformity result: Return an unsorted array of DvbTS objects with a length greater than 0. | +| 26 | | getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAllTSs (sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbTS objects that match the specified sorting. | +| 27 | | getTS(original_network_id, transport_stream_id) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getTS(original_network_id, transport_stream_id) method to input the specified value.
Conformity result: DvbTS object. If the specified transport stream object does not exist, NULL is returned. | +| 28 | | getAllServices() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAllServices() method to input the specified value.
Conformity result: DvbService object array. | +| 29 | | getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAllServices (sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.
Conformity result: Return an array of | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | DvbService objects that match the specified sorting. | +| 30 | | getService(original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbNetwork object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getService(original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id) method to input the specified value.
Conformity result: DvbService object. If the specified transport stream object does not exist, NULL is returned. | +| 31 | | network_id | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the correct value and is a one-way broadcast network identifier of type number. | +| 32 | | bouquet_id | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the bouquet_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is a one-way broadcast service group identifier of type number. | +| 33 | | bouquet_name | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the bouquet_name attribute.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is a one-way broadcast service group name of type number. | +| 34 | DvbBouquet | getBouquetName() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getBouquetName() method.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is the full name of the service group of type string. The full service group name is taken from the bouquet_name_descriptor descriptor or from the multilingual_bouquet_name_descriptor descriptor. If the language_encoded full name of the service group is not available from the bouquet_name_descriptor or multilingual_bouquet_name_descriptor descriptor, the full name of the service group carried in the bouquet_name_descriptor is returned by default. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 35 | DvbBouquet | getShortBouquetName() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getShortBouquetName() method.
Conformity result: Return the correct value which is a service group name abbreviation of type string. If the service group name abbreviation does not exist, undefined is returned. | +| 36 | | getAllTSs() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAllTSs() method.
Conformity result: Return all DvbTS objects in the current service group object, without sorting an array of DvbTS objects. | +| 37 | | getAllTSs(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAllTSs (sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) method passes in the specified sort type and specific value number array.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbTS objects that match the specified sorting. | +| 38 | | getTS(original_network_id, transport_stream_id) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL, and the passed parameters exist under the Bouquet.
Test method: Call getTS(original_network_id, transport_stream_id).
Conformity result: Return DvbTS objects that match the set value. | +| 39 | | getAllServices() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL, and there is a channel list described under this object.
Test method: Call the getAllServices() method.
Conformity result: Get an array of DvbService objects in the current service group that are not sorted. | +| 40 | | getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL, and there is a channel list described under this object.
Test method: Call getAllServices (sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]).
Conformity result: Return DvbTS objects that | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | match the set value. | +| 41 | DvbBouquet | getService(original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The DvbBouquet object is not undefined or NULL, and this passed in parameter describes a channel under the object.
Test method: Call getService (original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id).
Conformity result: Return DvbTS objects that match the set value. | +| 42 | | network_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the network ID of the transport stream, which is of type number. | +| 43 | DvbTS | original_network_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the original_network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the network ID of the transport stream, which is of type number. | +| 44 | | transport_stream_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the transport_stream_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the ID of the transport stream, which is of type number. | +| 45 | | deliveryType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the deliveryType attribute.
Conformity result: Return the type of transmission system, with values defined in the constant "DVB Transmission System Type", which is of type number. | +| 46 | | dvbsTuningParams | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the dvbsTuningParams attribute.
Conformity result: Indicate the DVB_S tuning demodulation parameter. Note: This attribute is valid when deliveryType is DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DVB_S. which is of type dvbsTuningParams, and dvbsTuningParam object of return value. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 47 | DvbTS | dvbtTuningParams |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the dvbtTuningParams attribute.
Conformity results: Indicate the DVB_T tuning demodulation parameter. Note: This attribute is valid when deliveryType is DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DVB_T. which is of type dvbtTuningParams, and dvbtTuningParams object of return value.

| +| 48 | | dvbcTuningParams |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the dvbcTuningParams attribute.
Conformity results: Indicate the DVB_C tuning demodulation parameter. Note: This attribute is valid when deliveryType is DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DVB_C. which is of type dvbcTuningParams, and dvbcTuningParams object of return value.

| +| 49 | | absssTuningParams |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the absssTuningParams attribute.
Conformity results: Indicate the ABS_SS tuning demodulation parameter. Note: This attribute is valid when deliveryType is DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_ABS_SS. which is of type absssTuningParams, and absssTuningParams object of return value.

| +| 50 | | dtmbTuningParams |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the dtmbTuningParams attribute.
Conformity results: Indicate the DTMB tuning demodulation parameter. Note: This attribute is valid when deliveryType is DVB_DELIVERY_TYPE_DTMB. which is of type dtmbTuningParams, and dtmbTuningParams object of return value.

| +| 51 | | signalQuality |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The frequency of the current DvbTS has been locked.
Test method: Read the signalQuality attribute.
Conformity result: The value range of the signal

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbTS | | quality of the frequency where the transmission stream is located, is 0 to 100 and 0 means the worst signal, 100 means the best signal.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The current frequency of DvbTS is not locked.
Test method: Read the signalQuality attribute.
Conformity result: The return value is 0. | +| 52 | | signalStrength | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The frequency of the current DvbTS has been locked.
Test method: Read the signalStrength attribute.
Conformity result: Return the signal strength of the frequency where the transmission stream is located, the value range is 0 to 100 and 0 means the worst signal, 100 means the best signal.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The current frequency of DvbTS is not locked.
Test method: Read the signalStrength attribute.
Conformity result: The return value is 0. | +| 53 | | errorRate | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The frequency of the current DvbTS has been locked.
Test method: Read the errorRate attribute.
Conformity result: Return the error rate of the frequency where the transport stream is located.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The current frequency of DvbTS is not locked.
Test method: Read the errorRate attribute.
Conformity result: The return value is 0. | +| 54 | DvbTS | signalLevel | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The frequency of the current DvbTS has been locked.
Test method: Read the signalLevel attribute.
Conformity result: Return the signal level at the frequency where the transport stream is located.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The current frequency of DvbTS is not locked.
Test method: Read the signalLevel attribute. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 55 | | signalNoiseRatio |

Conformity result: The return value is 0.

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. The frequency of the current DvbTS has been locked.
Test method: Read the signalNoiseRatio attribute.
Conformity result: Return the signal_to_noise ratio of the frequency where the transport stream is located.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL, and the frequency of the current DvbTS is not locked.
Test method: Read the signalNoiseRatio attribute.
Conformity result: The return value is 0.

| +| 56 | | getAllServices() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAllServices() method.
Conformity result: Return an unsorted array of all DvbService objects in the current transport stream.

| +| 57 | | getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call getAllServices(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]).
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbTS objects that match the set sorting rules.

| +| 58 | | getServiceByID(service_id) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. Fill in the correct service_id under that DvbTS.
Test method: Call getServiceByID (service_id).
Conformity result: Return the DvbService object.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. Fill in a service_id that is not under the DvbTS.
Test method: Call getServiceByID (service_id).
Conformity result: The return value is null.

| +| 59 | | getServicesByType(service_type) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL. Fill in the service_type that belongs to the channel under this DvbTS.
Test method: Call getServicesByType

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | (service_type).
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbService objects.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: If the DvbTS object is not undefined or NULL, fill in the service_type that does not belong to the channel list under that DvbTS.
Test method: Call getServicesByType (service_type).
Conformity result: The returned array length is 0 | +| 60 | DvbService | network_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the network ID of the service which is of type: number. | +| 61 | | original_network_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the original_network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the network ID of the service which is of type: number. | +| 62 | | transport_stream_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the transport_stream_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the transport stream ID of the service, which is of type number. | +| 63 | | service_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the service_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the service ID of type: number. | +| 64 | | service_name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the service_name attribute.
Conformity result: Return the service name which is of type: string. | +| 65 | | service_type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the service_type attribute
Conformity result: Return the value of the | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbService | | service type, see the definition of the "service type" constant, which is of type number. | +| 66 | | service_provider_name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the service_provider_name attribute.
Conformity result: The name of the service provider, which is of type string. | +| 67 | | running_status | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the running_status attribute.
Conformity result: Return any of the following service operation status, with a value:
– 0 is undefined;
– 1 is not running;
– 2 Start after a few seconds (such as recording);
– 3. Pause;
– 4 Operation;
– 5.7 reserved for use.
Note– For NVOD service, running_status equal to 0. | +| 68 | | EIT_present_following_flag | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the EIT_present_following_flag attribute.
Conformity result: Return whether the current/subsequent information of the service exists in the current transport stream, with a value of:
– True indicates that the current/subsequent information of the service's EIT exists in the current transport stream;
– False indicates that the current/subsequent information of the service's EIT is not in the current transport stream. The type is: boolean. | +| 69 | | EIT_schedule_flag | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the EIT_schedule_flag attribute.
Conformity result: Return whether the EIT schedule information of the service exists in the current transport stream, with a value of:
– True indicates that the EIT schedule information of the service exists in the current | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbService | | transmission.
– False indicates that the EIT schedule information of the service is not in the current transport stream. The type is: boolean. | +| 70 | | free_CA_mode | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the free_CA_mode attribute.
Conformity result: Return whether the service has been tampered with, with a value of:
– True indicates that the reception of one or more true code streams is controlled by the CA system;
– False indicates that the all components of the false service have not been scrambled. The type is: boolean. | +| 71 | | bouquetIDs | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the bouquetIDs attribute.
Conformity result: Return an array of the IDs of all the service groups to which the service belongs, sorted in ascending order by bouquet_id. The type is number Array. | +| 72 | | referServiceIDs | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the referServiceIDs attribute.
Conformity result: Return the service_id of the service reference service. if service_type equal to SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_SHIFT, the service_id of the corresponding reference service can be obtained by using this attribute, otherwise this attribute returns undefined. The type is number | +| 73 | | timeShiftServiceIDs | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the timeShiftServiceIDs attribute.
Conformity result: Return the service_id of all time_shifted services corresponding to the service. if service_type equal to SERVICE_TYPE_NVOD_REF, the service_id of all time_shifted services corresponding to the service can be obtained by this attribute; otherwise, this attribute returns undefined. The type is numberArray. | +| 74 | | curVideoObj | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbService | | undefined or NULL, and this channel is being played.
Test method: Read the curVideoObj attribute.
Conformity result: Return the video ES currently being played by the service. The type is DvbVideoES object. | +| 75 | | curAudioObj | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL, and this channel is being played.
Test method: Read curAudioObj Properties.
Conformity result: Return the audio ES currently being played by the service. The type is DvbAudioES object. | +| 76 | | PCRPID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the PCRPID attribute.
Conformity result: Return the PCR PID of the service reference. The type is: number. | +| 77 | | getServiceName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL, and this channel is being played.
Test method: Call the getServiceName() method.
Sex result: Return the full name of the service. The type is: string type. | +| 78 | | getShortServiceName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getShortServiceName() method.
Conformity result: Return the abbreviation of the service name, with a type of string. If the service name abbreviation does not exist, return undefined. | +| 79 | | getLocation() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getLocation() method.
Conformity result: Return the service location described by the three elements of original_network_id, transport_stream_id, and service_id. | +| 80 | | getEvents(start, end) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbService object is not undefined or NULL, and the passed in start,end can cover the time period.
Test method: Call the getEvents(start, end) | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | method.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbEvent objects. If the specified object does not exist, the returned array length is 0. | +| 81 | | getVideoESs() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getVideoESs() method.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbVideoES objects for all video streams (of any video format type) contained in this service. If there is no such object, the length of the returned array is 0. | +| 82 | | getAudioESs() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getAudioESs() method.
Conformity result: Return an array of (with any audio format type) DvbAudioES objects for all audio streams contained in this service. If there is no such object, the returned array is of length 0. | +| 83 | | getOtherESs() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbService object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getOtherESs() method.
Conformity result: Return an array of DvbOtherES objects for all non_audio/video streams contained in this service. If there is no such object, the length of the returned array is 0. | +| 84 | | stream_type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbVideoES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the stream_type attribute.
Conformity result: Return the type of the elementary stream of the video, with a value of:
– 0x01
– 0x02
The type is: number. | +| 85 | DvbVideoES | elementary_PID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbVideoES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the elementary_PID attribute.
Conformity result: Return the PID transport stream that carries the elementary stream of the video. The type is number. | +| 86 | | component_tag | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbVideoES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the component_tag attribute. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Return the identification of the video stream component. The system shall obtain information from the stream_identifier_descriptor associated with this elementary stream, or set to -1 by default if there is no information available. The type is number. | +| 87 | DvbAudioES | stream_type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbAudioES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the stream_type attribute.
Conformity result: Return the type of the audio elementary stream, with a value of:
– 0x03
– 0x04
The type is number. | +| 88 | | elementary_PID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbAudioES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the elementary_PID attribute.
Conformity result: Return the PID transport stream that carries the audio elementary stream. The type is number. | +| 89 | | component_tag | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbAudioES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the component_tag attribute.
Conformity result: Return the identification of the audio component.
The system shall obtain information from the stream_identifier_descriptor associated with this elementary stream, and if no information is available, the default is set to -1. The type is number. | +| 90 | | lingual | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbAudioES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the lingual attribute.
Conformity result: Return the audio language, and the three_letter code for languages follows the [ISO 639]. The type is: string. | +| 91 | DvbOtherES | stream_type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbOtherES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the stream_type attribute.
Conformity result: Return the type of this elementary stream, with values other than 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, and 0x04 that are allowed. The type is number. | +| 92 | | elementary_PID | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 93 | | | Precondition: DvbOtherES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the elementary_PID attribute.
Conformity result: Return the PID transport stream carrying the elementary stream. The type is number. | +| | | component_tag | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DvbOtherES object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the component_tag attribute.
Conformity result: Return the component identification. The system should obtain information from the stream_identifier_descriptor associated with the elementary stream. If there is no available information, it is set to -1 by default. The type is number. | +| 94 | DvbEvent | network_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the network ID to which the programme event belongs. The type is number. | +| 95 | | original_network_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the original_network_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the original network ID to which the programme event belongs. The type is number. | +| 96 | | transport_stream_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the transport_stream_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the transport stream ID to which the programme event belongs. The type is: number. | +| 97 | | service_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the service_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the business ID to which the programme event belongs. The type is number. | +| 98 | | event_id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbEvent | | undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the event_id attribute.
Conformity result: Return the business ID to which the programme event belongs. The type is number. | +| 99 | | event_name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the event_name attribute.
Conformity result: Return the name of the programme event. The type is string. | +| 100 | | event_description | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the event_description attribute.
Conformity result: Programme event description, which is of type string. | +| 101 | | running_status | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the running_status attribute.
Conformity result: Return the running status of the programme event, with a value of:
– 0 is undefined;
– 1 is not running;
– 2 Start after a few seconds (such as recording);
– 3. Pause;
– 4 Operation;
– 5_7 reserved for use.
Note – For NVOD reference programme events, running_status equal to 0. The type is number. | +| 102 | | startDate | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the startDate attribute.
Conformity result: Return the start date of the event playback in the format "YYYY_MM_DD". The type is string. | +| 103 | | startTime | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the startTime property.
Conformity result: Return the start time of the event playback in the format "hh: mm: ss". The type is string. | +| 104 | | duration | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DvbEvent | | Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the duration attribute.
Conformity result: Return the duration of the event playback in seconds. The type is number. | +| 105 | | endDate | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the endDate attribute.
Conformity result: Return the end date of the event playback in the format of "YYYY_MM_DD". The type is string. | +| 106 | | endTime | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the endTime attribute.
Conformity result: Return the end time of the event playback in the format "hh: mm: ss". The type is string. | +| 107 | | content_nibble | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the content_nibble attribute.
Conformity result: Return the event classification value (8 bits), of which the upper 4 bits are the primary programme content classification value (content_nibble_level_1) and the lower 4 bits are the secondary programme content classification value (content_nibble_level_2). The type is number. | +| 108 | | user_nibble | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the content_nibble attribute.
Conformity result: Return the classification value (8 bits), of which the upper 4 bits are the first_level programme content classification value (content_nibble_level_1) and the lower 4 bits are the second_level programme content classification value (content_nibble_level_2). The type is number.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the user_nibble attribute.
Conformity result: Return the classification value (8 bits) defined by the operator of the event, of which the upper 4 bits are the first_level programme content classification value (content_nibble_level_1) and the lower 4 bits are | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | the second_level programme content classification value (content_nibble_level_2). The type is number. | +| 109 | | minAge | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the minAge attribute.
Conformity result: Return the minimum age at which the event can be watched. The type is number. | +| 110 | | free_CA_mode | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Read the free_CA_mode attribute.
Conformity result: Return whether the event has been scrambled , with a value of:
– True scrambled;
– False not scrambled.
The type is number. | +| 111 | | getEventName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getEventName() method.
Conformity result: Return the full name of the programme event that represents the event. The type is string. | +| 112 | | getShortEventName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getShortEventName() method.
Conformity result: Return the abbreviated name of the event programme that represents the event. The type is string. If the event name abbreviation does not exist, return undefined. | +| 113 | | getEventDescription() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: Call the getEventDescription() method.
Conformity result: Return the description information indicating the event of the program. The programme event description information is obtained from the short_event_descriptor description, and this method shall return programme event description information that matches the user's preferred language. The type is string. | +| 114 | | getLocation() | Conformity Requirement. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Precondition: the DvbEvent object is not undefined or NULL.
Test method: call getLocation() method.
Conformance result: Return an event locator indicating that the programme is described by the four elements original_network_id, transport_stream_id, service_id, and event_id. The type is string. | + +### B.3 Conformance test of two-way broadband network access unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Broadband | getAllEthernets() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Receiving terminal access to two-way broadband network.
Test method: Call the getAllEthernets() interface
Conformity result: Return an array of Ethernet objects, where the receiving terminal successfully gets all Ethernet objects, and the number matches the actual number. | +| 2 | | ping(address, parameter) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Receiving terminal access to two-way broadband network.
Test method: Call the ping(address, parameter) interface, where address is assigned to the correct IP address or domain name, and parameter is the ping parameter.
Conformity result: Every once in a while (without stopping), a response message can be received and a successful ping message description string can be obtained.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Receiving terminal access to two-way broadband network.
Test method: Call ping(address, parameter) interface, where address is assigned to the correct IP address or domain name, and parameter is the parameter of ping.
Every once in a while (without stopping), a response message can be received and a failed ping message description string can be obtained. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3 | Broadband | cancelPing() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network; The ping method has not been called yet.
Test method: Call the cancelPing() function.
Conformity result: CancelPing returns 0, indicating that the current ping operation has ended or there is currently no ping operation.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network; The ping method has been called.
Test method: Call the cancelPing() function.
Conformity result: CancelPing returns 1, indicating that the executing ping operation has been stopped.

| +| 4 | | queryNetworkState(targetAddress) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Use the correct target network address (IPv4 or IPv6 type address) to call the queryNetworkState(targetAddress) function.
Conformity result: Be able to receive MSG_BROADBAND_GET_NETWORK_STATE message, and get the message description string through Utility.getEventInfo(id) which describes the connection status between the current network and the target network.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Call the queryNetworkState(targetAddress) function with the wrong target network address (IPv4 or IPv6 type address).
Conformity result: Be able to receive the MSG_BROADBAND_GET_NETWORK_STATE message, and get the message description string through Utility.getEventInfo(id), which describes the current network disconnection status.

| +| 5 | | getDeviceState(device) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Select the correct device type and call the getDeviceState(device) function.
Conformity result: getDeviceState returns a status value that matches the actual state of the current device.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Broadband | |

connected to a two-way broadband network.

Test method: Select a device type that does not exist and call the getDeviceState(device) function.

Conformity result: getDeviceState returns a status value that matches the actual state of the current device.

| +| 6 | | NTPUpdate() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.

Test method: Modify the system display time forward and call the NTPUpdate() function.

Conformity result: NTPUpdate returns success, and application receives a message that synchronization of network time is successful, and the system time is displayed as the correct time.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.

Test method: Modify the display time backwards and call the NTPUpdate() function.

Conformity result: NTPUpdate returns success, and the application receives a message that synchronization network time is successful, and the system time is displayed as the correct time.

| +| 7 | | save() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.

Test method: Modify the IP settings parameters and call the save() function.

Conformity result: The application receives the SAVE success message, and after restarting, the modified parameters match the actual modified values.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.

Test method: Modify other related settings and parameters, and call the save() function.

Conformity result: The application receives the SAVE success message, and after restarting, the modified parameters match the actual modified values.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | Broadband | portalIP |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is a portal server in the network environment.
Test method: Get the IP address of the portal server Broadband.portalIP variable.
Conformity result: Be able to get the portal server address portalIP successfully which matches the actual value.

| +| 9 | | portalPort |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is a portal server in the network environment.
Test method: Get the service port number of the portal server Broadband.portalPort variable.
Conformity result: Be able to get portal server service port portalPort property successfully which matches the actual value

| +| 10 | | appServerIP |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is an application download server in the network environment.
Test method: Obtain the IP address Broadband.appServerIP variable of the application download server.
Conformity result: Be able to get the application server IP address appServerIP property successfully which matches the actual value.

| +| 11 | | appServerPort |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is an application download server in the network environment.
Test method: Obtain the Broadband.appServerPort variable from the application download server service port.
Conformity result: Be able to get the appServerPort property of the application download server service port successfully which matches the actual value.

| +| 12 | | host |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the terminal device identification hostname Broadband.host variable.
Conformity result: The terminal device

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successfully identifies the host attribute of the host name which matches the actual value | +| 13 | | workGroup |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Obtain the Boradband.workGroup variable that the network belongs to.
Conformity result: The workGroup attribute to which the network belongs can be successfully obtained and matches the actual value.

| +| 14 | | enableFlag |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.enableFlag variable for whether the network card is available or not.
Conformity result: The network card status variable enableFlag is successfully obtained and matches the actual value.

| +| 15 | | DHCPflag |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.DHCPflag variable for the DHCP status of the network card.
Conformity result: The DHCP status variable DHCPflag of the network card is successfully obtained and matches the actual value.

| +| 16 | | DHCPAutoGetDNS |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.DHCPAutoGetDNS variable for network card to automatically get the status of the DNS.
Conformity result: The variable DHCPAutoGetDNS for the network card to automatically get domain name system (DNS) status is obtained successfully and matches the actual value.

| +| 17 | Ethernet | description |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.description variable for the network card description information.
Conformity result: The description attribute of the network card description information is successfully obtained, and its attribute value matches the actual network card information.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 18 | Ethernet | MACAddress | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the physical address of the network card Ethernet.MACAddress variable.
Conformity result: The MACAddress attribute of the physical address of the network card is successfully read, and the attribute value matches the actual physical address of the network card. | +| 19 | | IPs | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.Ips variable for the network IP address group.
Conformity result: The IPs attribute of the network card address group is successfully read, and its attribute value matches the actual IP address group. | +| 20 | | DNSs | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.DNSs variable for the DNS server address group of the network card.
Conformity result: The DNSs attribute of the DNS server address group is obtained successfully, and both the number of DNS server IP address arrays are obtained and their IP addresses match the actual ones. | +| 21 | | DHCPip | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.DHCPip variable of the IP object to which the network card is dynamically assigned.
Conformity result: The DHCPip attribute of the dynamically assigned to IP object is successfully read, and its attribute value matches the actual value. | +| 22 | | communicateWay | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.communicateWay variable that indicates the network bandwidth and communication method.
Conformity result: The communicateWay attribute, which indicates the network bandwidth and communication method, is read successfully | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | and matches the actual value. | +| 23 | | LANStatus | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.LANStatus variable for the status of the network connection.
Conformity result: When the network is connected normally, the value of LANStatus is 1; When the network is not connected, the value of LANStatus is 0. | +| 24 | | sentPackages | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.sentPackages variable for the number of network packets sent by the network card.
Conformity result: The network card successfully read the sendPackets attribute when sending network packets, and its attribute value matches the actual number of packets sent. | +| 25 | Ethernet | receivedPackages | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.receivedPackages variable for the number of network packets received by the network card.
Conformity result: The receivedPackages property of the network packets received by the NIC is read successfully, and its attribute value matches the actual number of received packets. | +| 26 | | currentConnectionType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.currentConnectionType variable for the current network card network connection type.
Conformity result: The currentConnectionType attribute of network connection type is successfully read, and its attribute value matches the actual value. | +| 27 | | addIP(ip) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Fill in the correct address, mask, and gateway, and call the addIP(ip) function.
Conformity result: addIP returns success, and the IP object is successfully added to the network card.
Conformity requirement 2: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Fill in incorrect address, mask, gateway, and call the addIP (ip) function.
Conformity result: addIP returns failure, IP object fails to be added. | +| 28 | Ethernet | setDNS(index, dns) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Select the DNS server index, fill in the correct DNS IP address dns, and call the setDNS(index, dns) function.
Conformity result: The DNS server address in the DNS IP array that corresponds to the one that was modified is the same as the one that is filled in.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Select the DNS server index, fill in the incorrect DNS IP address dns, and call the setDNS(index, dns) function.
Conformity result: The DNS server address in the DNS IP array that corresponds to the modified DNS server remains the same as it was before the modification. | +| 29 | | deleteIPByIndex(index) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Fill in the correct IP array index and call the deleteIPByIndex(index) function.
Conformity result: deleteIPByIndex returns success, and the IP object can be deleted successfully.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Fill in the wrong IP array index and call the deleteIPByIndex(index) function.
Conformity result: deleteIPByIndex returns failure, IP object fails to be deleted. | +| 30 | | deleteIPByAddress(address) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Fill in the correct IP address and call the deleteIPByAddress(address) function.
Conformity result: deleteIPByAddress returns success, and the IP object can be deleted successfully.
Conformity requirement 2: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Ethernet | | Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Fill in the wrong IP address and call the deleteIPByAddress(address) function.
Conformity result: deleteIPByAddress returns a failure, the IP object fails to be deleted. | +| 31 | | submitParameters() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Modify the network settings parameters and call the submitParameters() function.
Conformity result: Be able to receive the message of successful submission of configuration parameters, and the network parameters read out are consistent with the parameters submitted for modification. | +| 32 | | DHCPLeaseObtained | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is a DHCP server in the network.
Test method: Enable DHCP mode on the network card and obtain the start time for renting IP addresses via Ethernet.DHCPLeaseObtained variable.
Conformity result: The DHCPLeaseObtained string for DHCP lease IP address start time is successfully read, and its attribute value matches the actual value. | +| 33 | | DHCPLeaseExpires | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is a DHCP server in the network.
Test method: Enable DHCP mode on the network card and obtain the end time of the leased IP address via Ethernet.DHCPLeaseExpires variable.
Conformity result: Successfully read the DHCPLeaseExpires attribute for the end time of the leased IP address, and its attribute value matches the actual one. | +| 34 | | DHCPServer | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is a DHCP server in the network.
Test method: Get the IP address or domain name Ethernet of the DHCP server from the Ethernet.DHCPServer variable.
Conformity result: The DHCPServer attribute of the DHCP server address in the network is read successfully and its attribute value matches the | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | actual. | +| 35 | | DHCPPort |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and there is a DHCP server in the network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.DHCPPort variable for the port number on the network where the DHCP server is providing service.
Conformity result: The DHCP attribute for the work net port number where the DHCP server is providing service is successfully read, and its attribute value matches the actual value.

| +| 36 | | HTTPProxy |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.HTTPProxy variable of the web proxy service object.
Conformity result: The HTTPProxy property of the web proxy object is successfully read, and its property value matches the actual value.

| +| 37 | | HTTPSProxy |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.HTTPSProxy variable of the web proxy service object.
Conformity result: The HTTPSProxy property of the web proxy object is successfully read, and its property value matches the actual value.

| +| 38 | | FTPProxy |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the Ethernet.FTPProxy variable of the FTP proxy service object.
Conformity result: The FTPProxy attribute of the FTP proxy server object is successfully obtained, and its attribute value matches the actual value.

| +| 39 | | getAPs() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is in a wireless network environment.
Test method: Call the getAPs() function.
Conformity result: The getAPs returns an array of actual AP information that matches the actual one.

| +| 40 | | scanAP(maxCount, timeOut) |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is in a wireless network environment.
Test method: Fill in the maximum scan count and scan timeout, call

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | scanAP(maxCount,timeOut) function.
Conformity result: Get the maximum number of surrounding AP information within the specified time, which is consistent with the actual situation. | +| 41 | | connectAP(essId, keyType, key) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is in a wireless network environment.
Test method: Use the AP information to be connected, call the connectAP(essId, keyType, key) function.
Conformity result: Receive a successful connection message, connect to the AP successfully, and be able to communicate in both directions.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is in a wireless network environment.
Test method: Use incorrect information, call the connectAP(essId, keyType, key) function.
Conformity result: Receive connection failure message, fail to connect to AP, be unable to communicate in both directions. | +| 42 | | disconnectAP() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to the wireless network environment.
Test method: Call the disconnectAP() function.
Conformity result: The disconnectAP returns success, network connection disconnects successfully. | +| 43 | | getConnectedAP() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to the wireless network environment.
Test method: Call the getConnectedAP() function to obtain the connection AP information.
Conformity result: The getConnectedAP returns the AP object, and gets information about the connected APs that match the actual situation. | +| 44 | AP | essId | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a wireless network.
Test method: Get the AP.essId variable of the connected hotspot.
Conformity result: The essID attribute of the AP is successfully obtained and matches the actual value. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 45 | | signalStrength | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a wireless network.
Test method: Get the AP.signalStrength variable for the hotspot signal strength.
Conformity result: The signalStrength variable for signal strength is successfully obtained and is consistent with the actual value. | +| 46 | | linkQuality | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a wireless network.
Test method: Get the AP.linkQuality variable for hotspot connection quality.
Conformity result: The linkQuality variable for link quality is successfully obtained and matches the actual value. | +| 47 | | encType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a wireless network.
Test method: Get the AP.encType variable for the hotspot authentication encryption type.
Conformity result: The encType variable for hotspot authentication encryption type is successfully read and matches the actual situation. | +| 48 | IP | address | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the IP.address variable and print it.
Conformity result: Be able to read the property address for the IP object, which is the same as the actual IP address of the system. | +| 49 | | mask | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the IP.mask variable and print it.
Conformity result: Be able to read the attribute mask for the IP object, which is the same as the actual network mask value of the system. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 50 | IP | gateway | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Get the IP.gateway variable and print it.
Conformity result: The gateway attribute for the IP object can be read and retrieved, which is the same as the actual gateway address value of the system. | +| 51 | | IP(address, mask, gateway) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network.
Test method: Use address, mask, gateway values, and call the IP(address, mask, gateway) function to construct an IP object.
Conformity result: The IP object can be Successfully create and its properties match the values used. | +| 52 | proxy | userName | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a proxy server.
Test method: Get the proxy.userName username variable for the current proxy server access method and print it.
Conformity result: Be able to read the attribute userName for the proxy object, which is the same as the actual value of the current access proxy server username. | +| 53 | | password | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a proxy server.
Test method: Get the username proxy.password variable of the current proxy server access method and print it.
Conformity result: The attribute password for the proxy object can be read and retrieved, which is the same as the actual value of the current access proxy server password. | +| 54 | | enable | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a proxy server.
Test method: Get the proxy.enable variable for whether the current proxy server is active or not and print it.
Conformity result: Be able to read out the enable attribute of a Proxy with the same value as the actual value of whether the current proxy is in | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 55 | proxy | unusedProxyURLs | effect or not.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a proxy server.
Test method: Get the proxy.unusedProxyURLs variable group for network connections that do not use a proxy and print it.
Conformity result: The string set of unused ProxyURLs that can read and retrieve the properties of the proxy object, is the same as the URL address group that the system actually does not need to proxy. | +| 56 | | Server | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a proxy server.
Test method: Get the proxy.server variable for the IP address or domain address of the proxy server and print it.
Conformity result: Be able to read and retrieve the proxy.server string, which is the same as the actual proxy server network address or domain name used. | +| 57 | | port | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The receiving terminal is connected to a two-way broadband network and a proxy server.
Test method: Get the proxy.port variable for the port number on which the proxy server is providing proxy services and print it.
Conformity result: Be able to read and retrieve the port string for the proxy service port, which is the same as the actual port of the proxy server proxy service. | + +### B.4 Conformance test of HCI unit interfaces + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | FrontPanel | displayText(str) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Display device with front panel.
Test method: Call the displayText(str) method with the string to be displayed as an input parameter.
Conformity result: The DisplayText returns success, and the front panel displays the input string in a horizontally centered manner. | +| 2 | | displayText(str,align) | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|--------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | FrontPanel | |

Precondition: Display device with front panel.

Test method: Fill in the string str to be displayed, select the align of specified alignment method, and call the displayText(str, align) method.

Conformity result: DisplayText returns success, and the front panel displays the input string in the specified alignment. If the terminal does not support the selected alignment, it defaults to being displayed horizontally centered.

| +| 3 | | setStatus(type, status) |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Indicator lights with front panel.

Test method: Select the indicator type and indicator status, and call the setStatus(type, status) method.

Conformity result: The setStatus returns success, and can be set to turn on and off normally, with indicator lights on and off accordingly.

| +| 4 | | getStatus(type) |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Indicator lights on the front panel.

Test method: Select the indicator type and call the getStatus(type) method.

Conformity result: The getStatus returns the correct indicator status (valid types return closed/open, invalid types return unknown).

| +| 5 | | displayDate(date) |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Display device with front panel.

Test method: Call the displayDate(date) method to display the current time.

Conformity result: If the terminal supports it, the displayDate returns success, and the front panel displays the corresponding time; If the terminal does not support it, the displayDate will return a failure and there will be no display on the front panel.

| +| 6 | | clear() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Display device with front panel.

Test method: When the front panel is in an information display state, call the clear() method.

Conformity result: The clear returns success, all displayed content on the front panel is cleared.

| +| 7 | | getMaxChars() |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Display device with front panel.

Test method: Call the getMaxChars() method to obtain the number of strings displayed on the front panel.

Conformity result: The getMaxChars returns the maximum number of characters that the terminal can support for display.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | Event | event.type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Input device triggers input event.
Test method: After capturing the input event, obtain the event.type variable.
Conformity result: The event.type matches the actual input event type. | +| 9 | | event.source | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Input device triggers input event.
Test method: After capturing the input event, obtain the event.source variable.
Conformity result: The event source for event.source matches the actual input event device type. | +| 10 | | event.which | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Input device triggers input event.
Test method: After capturing the input event, obtain the event key code value event.which variable.
Conformity result: The event.which event for key code value matches the actual input event device key code value. | +| 11 | | event.modifiers | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Input device triggers input event.
Test method: After capturing the input event, obtain event.modifiers variable for the event extension attribute.
Conformity result: If the event.modifiers for the extended attribute is 0, it means the extended attribute is empty; if the extended attribute is number, the variable is a numeric value; If the extended attribute is a string, the variable is an ID value, which is generated by the internal definition of the system and is used as the index value of the string, Call Utility.GetEventInfo(ID) to get the corresponding string. | + +### B.5 Conformance test of AV setting unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | | getOutputInterfaceList() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, and the system starts successfully
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system gets an available | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | audio output port name. | +| 2 | | getOutputInterfaceStatus(port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is called successfully.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, get the status of the system audio output port specified by the parameter.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is called successfully.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The return value of the method call is false.

| +| 3 | AudioSetting | disableOutputInterface(port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is called successfully.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system audio output port specified by the parameter is successfully disabled.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is called successfully.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: Method call fails, the state of the system audio output port remains unchanged.

| +| 4 | | enableOutputInterface(port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is called successfully.
Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AudioSetting | |

method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the system audio output port specified by the parameter is enabled successfully.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is called successfully.

Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.

Conformity result: The method call fails, and the status of the system audio output port remains unchanged.

| +| 5 | | getOutputVolume() |

Conformity requirement:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the audio output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the getOutputVolume method.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the obtained system volume value is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 6 | | setOutputVolume(volume) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the audio output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setOutputVolume method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, the system volume value is set according to the parameter values, and it actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the audio output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setOutputVolume method, with parameters outside the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system volume is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7 | AudioSetting | getOutputChannelMode() | valid range.
Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the audio output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getOutputChannelMode method.
Conformity result: Method call is successful, obtaining system output channel type. | +| 8 | | setOutputChannelMode(audio Channel) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the audio output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputChannelMode method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, the system output channel type is set according to the parameter values, and it actually works.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All HDMI ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the audio output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputChannelMode method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, system output channel type remains unchanged. | +| 9 | | getOutputSPDIFMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are normally connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, the audio output ports are turned on, and the spdif connector is connected to the AV amplifier.
Test method: Call the getOutputSPDIFMode method.
Conformity result: Method call is successful, obtaining system SPDIF output interface data format. | +| 10 | | setOutputSPDIFMode(mode) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are normally connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, the audio output ports are turned on, and the spdif connector is connected to the AV amplifier.
Test method: Call the setOutputChannelMode | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AudioSetting | |

method with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system output sound format is set according to the parameter values, which is consistent with the sound format displayed by the AV amplifier.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are normally connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, the audio output ports are turned on, and the spdif connector is connected to the AV amplifier.

Test method: Call the setOutputChannelMode method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: Method call fails, system output sound format remains unchanged.

| +| 11 | | isMute() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, the audio output ports are turned on, call the mute interface to mute the sound.

Test method: Call the isMute method.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and returns the status of whether the system is muted as true, which corresponds to the actual effect.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, the audio output ports are turned on, call the unmute interface to unmute the TV.

Test method: Call the isMute method.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and returns the status of whether the system is muted as false, which corresponds to the actual effect.

| +| 12 | | mute() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, and the system boots up successfully.

Test method: Call the mute method.

Conformity result: Method call is successful, system is muted.

| +| 13 | | unMute() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, and the system boots up successfully.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 14 | | getOutputHDMIIFMode() |

Test method: Call the unMute method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully and the system is unmuted.

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: HDMI port connects to AV amplifier input, HDMI output of AV amplifier connects to TV, system startup is successful, HDMI audio output port is on.
Test method: Call the getOutputHDMIIFMode method.
Conformity result: Method call is successful, obtaining system HDMI output interface data format.

| +| 15 | | setOutputHDMIIMode(mode) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: HDMI port connects to AV amplifier input, HDMI output of AV amplifier connects to TV, system startup is successful, audio output port is on.
Test method: Call the setOutputHDMIIMode method, with parameters within the range defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and set the system HDMI output sound type according to the parameter value, which is consistent with the actual display value of the AV amplifier.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: HDMI port connects to AV amplifier input, HDMI output of AV amplifier connects to TV, system startup is successful, audio output port is on.
Test method: Call the setOutputHDMIIMode method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, system HDMI output sound type remains unchanged.

| +| 16 | | getOutputInterfaceList() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, and the system starts successfully.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, get the name of the available video output port of the system.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 17 | | getOutputInterfaceStatus(port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and get the status of the system video output port specified by the parameter.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the getOutputInterfaceStatus method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The return value of the method call is false.

| +| 18 | VideoSetting | disableOutputInterface(port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the system video output port specified by the parameter is disabled successfully.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the disableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: Method call fails, system video output port status remains unchanged.

| +| 19 | | enableOutputInterface(port) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface method with the parameters returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | VideoSetting | |

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system video output port specified by the parameter is successfully enabled.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are connected to the TV normally, the system boots up successfully, and the getOutputInterfaceList method is successfully called.
Test method: Call the enableOutputInterface method with parameters other than those returned by the getOutputInterfaceList method.
Conformity result: Method call fails, system video output port status remains unchanged.

| +| 20 | | getOutputBrightness() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getOutputBrightness method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the value of the system brightness is within the standard definition of the interface.

| +| 21 | | getOutputContrast() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getOutputContrast method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the value of the system contrast size is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 22 | | getOutputSaturation() |

Compliance requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getOutputSaturation method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the value of the system saturation is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 23 | | getOutputStandard(device) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | VideoSetting | |

turned on.

Test method: For high_definition(HD) systems, call the getOutputStandard method with the VOUT_HD parameter defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the value of the system model format is within the definition of the interface standard.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: For standard_definition(SD) systems, call the getOutputStandard method with the VOUT_SD parameter defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the value of the system model format is within the definition of the interface standard.

| +| 24 | | getOutputTransparency() |

Conformity requirement:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the getOutputTransparency method.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the value of the system transparency size is within the standard definition of the interface.

| +| 25 | VideoSetting | setOutputBrightness(value) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setOutputBrightness method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system brightness value is set according to the parameter values, which actually takes effect.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setOutputBrightness

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the system volume is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 26 | | setOutputContrast(value) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputContrast method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system contrast size value is set according to the parameter values, which actually takes effect.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputContrast method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system contrast is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 27 | | setOutputSaturation(value) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputSaturation method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system contrast size value

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 28 | VideoSetting | | is set according to the parameter values, which actually takes effect.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputSaturation method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system contrast is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range. | +| | | setOutputStandard(device, standard) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: For HD systems, call the setOutputStandard method with the device parameter as VOUT_HD and the standard parameter as within the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, the system video signal format value is set according to the parameter value, and it actually works.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: For SD systems, call the setOutputStandard method with the device parameter as VOUT_SD and the standard parameter as within the interface standard definition.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, the system video signal format value is set according to the parameter value, and it actually works.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: For HD systems, call the setOutputStandard method with the device parameter as VOUT_HD, and the standard parameter as other than the scope of the interface standard definition. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Conformity result: Method call fails, system video signal format value remains unchanged.

Conformity requirement 4:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: For SD system, call setOutputStandard method with device parameter as VOUT_SD, and standard parameter as other than the scope of interface standard definition.

Conformity result: Method call fails, system video signal format value remains unchanged.

| +| 29 | | setOutputTransparency(value) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setOutputTransparency method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, the system transparency value is set according to the parameter value, and it actually takes effect.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setOutputTransparency method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system transparency is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range.

| +| 30 | | setOutputMatchMethod(mode) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setOutputMatchMethod method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system video output aspect ratio adaptation mode value is set according to the parameter value, and it actually takes effect.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | VideoSetting | |

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputMatchMethod method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, the aspect ratio adaptation mode of the set-top video output box remains unchanged.

| +| 31 | | getOutputMatchMethod() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getOutputMatchMethod method.
Conformity result: Successfully call the method, and get the aspect ratio fit mode value of the system video output, which is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 32 | | getOutputAspectRatio() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getOutputAspectRatio method.
Conformity result: Successfully call the method, and get the aspect ratio of the system video output, which is within the range defined by the interface standard.

| +| 33 | | setOutputAspectRatio(mode) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputAspectRatio method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system video output aspect ratio mode value is set according to the parameter values, and it actually works.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOutputAspectRatio

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|--------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | VideoSetting | | method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, and the aspect ratio mode of the set-top video output box remains unchanged. | +| 34 | | GetColorSpaceMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the GetColorSpaceMode method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the value of the system video output color space mode is within the range defined by the interface standard. | +| 35 | | GetDeepColorMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the GetDeepColorMode method.
Conformity result: The method is successfully called, and get the system video output color depth mode value which is within the interface standard definition. | +| 36 | | SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor(colorSpace, deepColor) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system video output color space and color depth mode values are set according to the parameter values, which actually take effect.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the SetColorSpaceAndDeepColor method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, video | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | VideoSetting | | output color space, color depth mode value remains unchanged. | +| 37 | | GetHDRType() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the GetHDRType method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and get the current correct HDR mode. | +| 38 | | SetHDRType(type) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the SetHDRType method, with parameters within the range defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, the system video output HDR mode value is set according to the parameter values, and it actually takes effect.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the SetHDRType method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: Method call fails, the HDR mode value of the set-top video output remains unchanged. | +| 39 | | GetStereoOutMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the GetStereoOutMode method.
Conformity result: Successfully call the method, and get the system video output stereo mode value which is within the interface standard definition. | +| 40 | | SetStereoOutMode(mode, fps) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | VideoSetting | |

Test method: Call the SetStereoOutMode method, with parameters within the range defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the system video output stereo R mode value is set according to the parameter values, and it actually takes effect.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the SetStereoOutMode method with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard

Conformity result: Method call fails, video output stereo mode value remains unchanged.

| +| 41 | | GetRightEyeFirst() |

Conformity requirement:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the GetRightEyeFirst method.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and get the right eye in the stereoscopic mode of the system video output. The value is within the interface standard definition range

| +| 42 | | SetRightEyeFirst(Outpriority) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the SetRightEyeFirst method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method call is successful, and set the system video output stereo mode value to right eye in front according to the parameter values, which actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the SetRightEyeFirst method with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: Method call fails, and the

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | stereoscopic mode of video output is with the right eye in front, and its value remains unchanged. | +| 43 | | GetStereoDepth() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the GetStereoDepth method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, the stereo mode depth value of the system video output is within the range defined by the interface standard. | +| 44 | | SetStereoDepth(depth) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the SetStereoDepth method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the depth value of the system video output stereo mode is set according to the parameter values, which actually takes effect.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the SetStereoDepth method, with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the stereo mode depth value of the system video output is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range. | +| 45 | | getPictureMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getPictureMode method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, and the output image mode value of the system video is within the range defined by the interface standard. | +| 46 | | setPictureMode(mode) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setPictureMode method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, the system video output image mode value is set according to the parameter value, and it actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setPictureMode method with parameters other than the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: Method call fails, video output image value remains unchanged.

| +| 47 | | getDisplayHue() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the getDisplayHue method.

Conformity result: Successfully call the method, and get the output color tone value of the system video, which is within the definition of the interface standard.

| +| 48 | | setDisplayHue(hue) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setDisplayHue method, with parameters within the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method is called successfully, the color tone of the system video output is set according to the parameter value, and it actually works.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.

Test method: Call the setDisplayHue method, with parameters outside the scope defined by the interface standard.

Conformity result: The method is called

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successfully, and the output color tone value of the system video is set to the value closest to the set parameter within the valid range. | +| 49 | | SaveDisplayFmt() |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the SaveDisplayFmt method.
Conformity result: The method is called successfully, the system saves the video output parameter configurations, the video output parameter configurations can be maintained without loss after the system is powered down and restarted.

| +| 50 | | setOptimalFormatEnable() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the setOptimalFormatEnable method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful and returns True.

| +| 51 | | getOptimalFormatEnable() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: All AV ports are properly connected to the TV, the system boots up successfully, and the video output ports are turned on.
Test method: Call the getOptimalFormatEnable method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful, and the current enable state of the correct output format of the automation video is obtained.

| + +### B.6 Conformance test of media processing unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | | MSG_MEDIA_URL_VALID |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the setMediaSource() function with a valid url.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives the message MSG_MEDIA_URL_VALID.

| +| 2 | | MSG_MEDIA_URL_INV | Conformity requirement: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | ALID | Precondition: Call setMediaSource() function with invalid URL.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_URL_INVALID. | +| 3 | | MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The play() function is called, and the playback is successful.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_SUCCESS. | +| 4 | | MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call play() function, playback fails.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_FAILED. | +| 5 | | MSG_MEDIA_SETPACE_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The setPace() function is called and the setup is successful.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_SETPACE_SUCCESS. | +| 6 | | MSG_MEDIA_SETPACE_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The setPace() function is called and the setup fails.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_SETPACE_FAILED. | +| 7 | | MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the seek() function successfully.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_SUCCESS. | +| 8 | | MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The seek() function is called, and the call fails.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_FAILED. | +| 9 | | MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the pause() function, and pause | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | successfully.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_SUCCESS. | +| 10 | | MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call pause() function, and pause fails.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_FAILED | +| 11 | | MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The resume() function is called and playback is resumed successfully.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_SUCCESS. | +| 12 | | MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The resume() function is called and resuming playback fails.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_FAILED. | +| 13 | | MSG_MEDIA_STOP_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call stop() function, and stop successfully
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_STOP_SUCCESS. | +| 14 | | MSG_MEDIA_STOP_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The stop() function is called and stopping fails.
Test method: Get messages through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MEDIA_STOP_FAILED. | +| 15 | | MediaPlayer() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: window MediaPlayer exists.
Test method: Call MediaPlayer().
Conformity result: Generate media player object. | +| 16 | | getPlayerInstanceID() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: There is already a media player object.
Test method: Call getPlayerInstanceID().
Conformity result: Get the locally available player | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | instance ID of the receiving terminal, which is automatically assigned by the system internally. | +| 17 | MediaPlayer | bindPlayerInstance(playerInstanceID) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call getPlayerInstanceID() to obtain the ID.
Test method: Call bindPlayerInstance().
Conformity result: The MediaPlayer object is bound to the player instance and returns 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No call to getPlayerInstanceID() to get the id.
Test method: Call bindPlayerInstance().
Conformity result: MediaPlayer object cannot be bound to a player instance and returns 1.

| +| 18 | | unbindPlayerInstance(playerInstanceID) |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call bindPlayerInstance().
Test method: Call unbindPlayerInstance().
Conformity result: MediaPlayer object is unbound from the current player instance and returns 0.

| +| 19 | | setMediaSource(mediaURL) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: URL is valid.
Test method: Call setMediaSource().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_URL_VALID message to the page.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: URL is illegal.
Test method: Call setMediaSource().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_URL_INVALID message to the page.

| +| 20 | | location |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: URL has been set.
Test method: Read location.
Conformity result: Media file location.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: URL has not been set.
Test method: Read location.
Conformity result: The value is null.

| +| 21 | | playerInstanceID |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call bindPlayerInstance().
Test method: Read playerInstanceID.
Conformity result: The player instance ID is bound to the current MediaPlayer object.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Before calling the bindPlayerInstance() method, or after calling the unbindPlayerInstance() method.
Test method: Read playerInstanceID.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | Conformity result: The value is 1. | +| 22 | | play() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After the page receives the MSG_MEDIA_URL_VALID message.
Test method: Call play().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_SUCCESS message to the page.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The page does not receive an MSG_MEDIA_URL_VALID message.
Test method: Call play().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_PLAY_FAILED message to the page.

| +| 23 | | pause() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Video is playing.
Test method: Call pause().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_SUCCESS message to the page.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The video has not been played.
Test method: Call pause().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_PAUSE_FAILED message to the page.

| +| 24 | | resume() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Video pause playback.
Test method: Call resume().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_SUCCESS message to the page.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The video has not been paused.
Test method: Call resume().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_RESUME_FAILED message to the page.

| +| 25 | | stop() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Video is playing.
Test method: Call stop().
Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_STOP_SUCCESS message to the page.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The video has not been played.
Test method: Call stop().

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | Conformity result: Send MSG_MEDIA_STOP_FAILED message to the page. | +| 26 | | enableTrickMode(flag) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Media source supports trick mode.
Test method: Call enableTrickMode() and then call setPace().
Conformity result: There are trick effects.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Media source does not support trick mode.
Test method: Call enableTrickMode() and then call setPace().
Conformity result: No trick effects. | +| 27 | | getTrickModeFlag() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call getTrickModeFlag().
Conformity result: Get the set value for the trick, which is consistent with the setting. | +| 28 | | setVideoDisplayMode(mode) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Exist media player object
Test method: Call setVideoDisplayMode(), then call refresh().
Conformity result: The video display mode is successfully set and takes effect after calling refresh().
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call setVideoDisplayMode() with invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Unable to change video display mode. | +| 29 | | getVideoDisplayMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call getVideoDisplayMode().
Conformity result: The obtained video display mode is consistent with the actual playback. | +| 30 | | setVideoDisplayArea(rect) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Exist media player object
Test method: Call setVideoDisplayArea(), then call refresh().
Conformity result: Successfully set the video display area and take effect after calling refresh().
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call setVideoDisplayArea() with invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Unable to change the video | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | display area. | +| 31 | | getVideoDisplayArea() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call getVideoDisplayArea().
Conformity result: Get video display area. | +| 32 | | setVolume(volume) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call setVolume() with valid parameters.
Conformity result: Successfully set volume.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call setVolume() with invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Fail to change volume. | +| 33 | | getVolume() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call getVolume().
Conformity result: Get volume. | +| 34 | | getCurrentLanguage() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Media source is available.
Test method: Call getCurrentLanguage().
Conformity result: Get the current language, which corresponds to the one actually being played. | +| 35 | | listAvailableLanguages() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Media source is available.
Test method: Call listAvailableLanguages().
Conformity result: Get all currently available audio languages. | +| 36 | | getMediaDuration() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Media source is available.
Test method: Call getMediaDuration().
Conformity result: Get the total duration of the current playing media. | +| 37 | | getCurrentPlayTime() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Media source is available.
Test method: Call getCurrentPlayTime().
Conformity result: Get the current time point of media playback. | +| 38 | | getPlaybackMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Media source is available.
Test method: Call getPlaybackMode().
Conformity result: Get the current playback mode of the player. | +| 39 | | getServiceLocation(flag) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Media source is available. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MediaPlayer | | Test method: Call getServiceLocation() .
Conformity result: Get the locator for the specified programme based on the programme logo object. | +| 40 | | setPauseMode(mode) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The video is currently playing.
Test method: Call setPauseMode() and then Call the pause() method.
Conformity result: The output mode of the video in pause state is set successfully. When pause() is called, the video state is the corresponding setting mode. | +| 41 | | getPauseMode() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Exist media player object; Call setPauseMode() to set the pause mode.
Test method: Call getPauseMode() .
Conformity result: Get the output mode of the video in pause state, which is consistent with the previous call to the setPauseMode method. | +| 42 | | refresh() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call setVideoDisplayMode() , setVideoDisplayArea() .
Test method: Call refresh() .
Conformity results: Video mode and region are effective. | +| 43 | | seek(type,timestamp) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Media source is available.
Test method: Call seek() .
Conformity result: If the call is successful, send an MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_SUCCESS message.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Real time TV is broadcasting.
Test method: Call seek() .
Conformity result: If the call fails, an MSG_MEDIA_SEEK_FAILED message will be sent. | +| 44 | | setPace(pace) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Play media sources that support fast playback.
Test method: Call setPace() .
Conformity result: If the setting is successful, send an MSG_MEDIA_SET_PACE_SUCCESS message to the page.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Real time TV is broadcasting.
Test method: Call setPace() .
Conformity result: If the setting fails, send an MSG_MEDIA_SET_PACE_FAILED message to the page. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 45 | MediaPlayer | selectDefaultLanguage() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Exist media player object.
Test method: Call selectDefaultLanguage().
Conformity result: Set the audio language as the default language. | +| 46 | | selectLanguage(language) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Exist media player object
Test method: Call selectLanguage().
Conformity result: Set the language used for the current audio. | + +### B.7 Conformance test of application management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | widget | author | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read the author.
Conformity result: Get the name of the application developer. | +| 2 | | description | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read the description.
Conformity result: Get detailed information about the application. | +| 3 | | name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read name.
Conformity result: Get the application name. | +| 4 | | shortName | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read shortName.
Conformity result: Get the application's short name. | +| 5 | | version | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read version.
Conformity result: Get the application version number. | +| 6 | | id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read the ID.
Conformity result: Get the unique identification number of the application. | +| 7 | | authorEmail | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read authorEmail. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | widget | | Conformity result: Get the application developer's email. | +| 8 | | authorHref | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read authorHref.
Conformity result: Get the location of application developer information. | +| 9 | | preferences | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read preferences.
Conformity result: Get application references. | +| 10 | | height | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read height.
Conformity result: Get application height. | +| 11 | | width | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Read width.
Conformity result: Get application width. | +| 12 | | launchWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString src, DOMString type) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The application has been installed.
Test method: Call launchWidget().
Conformity result: Launch to the specified application.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The application is not installed.
Test method: Call launchWidget().
Conformity result: The specified application cannot be launched. | +| 13 | | installWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The app store server is ready for the application.
Test method: Call installWidget().
Conformity result: Trigger the page of ondownloadsize for download progress callback function, and the page of ondownloadsuccess for download success callback function.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The app store server is not ready for the application.
Test method: Call installWidget().
Conformity result: Trigger the page of ondownloadfail for download failure callback function. | +| 14 | | updateWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The app store server is ready for the application, and the application needs to be | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | widget | DOMString url) | upgraded.
Test method: Call updateWidget().
Conformity result: The application upgrade is successful.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The app store server is not ready for the application.
Test method: Call updateWidget().
Conformity result: The application cannot be upgraded. | +| 15 | | checkWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id, DOMString url) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The application has been successfully installed.
Test method: Call checkWidget().
Conformity result: The page retrieves the installed application version number.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The application is not installed.
Test method: Call checkWidget().
Conformity result: The page cannot get the installed application version number. | +| 16 | | uninstallWidget(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The application has been successfully installed.
Test method: Call uninstallWidget().
Conformity result: Trigger the page of onuninstallsuccess for the unload success callback function.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The application is not installed.
Test method: Call uninstallWidget().
Conformity result: Trigger the page of onuninstallfail for Uninstall Failure Callback Functions. | +| 17 | | deletePackage(DOMString widgetname, DOMString id) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The application has been successfully installed.
Test method: Call deletePackage().
Conformity result: Delete user cached data.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The application is not installed.
Test method: Call deletePackage().
Conformity result: User cached data is not deleted. | + +### B.8 Conformance test of message management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | event | event.source | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The event object is a built-in object.
Test method: Press any remote control button or front panel button.
Conformity result: Able to capture the message of a key press and event.source is 1002 if it is a remote control key press, 1003 if it is a front panel key press, and 1001 if it is a system message. | +| 2 | | event.which | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The event object is a built-in object.
Test method: Press any remote control button or front panel button, then call the event.which property.
Conformity result: Return the code value of the message. | +| 3 | | event.modifiers | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The event object is a built-in object.
Test method: Press the remote control button or the front panel button, and then call the read-only event.modifiers attribute.
Conformity result: Return the extended properties of the message. If the extension attribute of the message is null, modifiers return 0; If the extended attribute of the message is of type number, the modifiers return this value; If the extended property of the message is a string, the modifiers return an ID value, which is generated internally by the system. As a pointer to the contents of a specific string, the application can call the Utility.getEventInfo(ID) method to retrieve the contents of the string. | +| 4 | | event.type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The event object is a built-in object.
Test method: Press the remote control button or the front panel button, and then call the event.type attribute.
Conformity result: Return the type of the event, i.e., the name of the event represented by the current event object, which is the same name as the registered event handle, such as "onclick"; or the event handle attribute with the prefix "on" is removed, such as "click", which is same as W3C definition. | + +### B.9 Conformance test of system management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------|---------------------------| +| 1 | | createUserPropertyTable() | Conformity requirement 1: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call createUserPropertyTable().
Conformity result: The return value is greater than 0, indicating successful creation of the user data table.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() to create a user data table.
Test method: Call createUserPropertyTable().
Conformity result: The return value is 1, indicating that the user data table to be created already exists.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call createUserPropertyTable() and pass in a string with null or empty parameters.
Conformity result: The return value is 2, indicating that the user data table name to be created is invalid.

| +| 2 | DataConfig | getUserPropertyTable() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() to create a user data table.
Test method: Call getUserPropertyTable().
Conformity result: Return a value greater than 0 to indicate a globally unique data table identifier.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The deleteUserPropertyTable() method delete the data table.
Test method: Call getUserPropertyTable().
Conformity result: The return value is 1, indicating a failure to get the user data table.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call getUserPropertyTable() and pass in a string with null or empty parameters.
Conformity result: The return value is 2, indicating that the user data table name to be fetched is not valid.

| +| 3 | | deleteUserPropertyTable() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call getUserPropertyTable().
Test method: Call deleteUserPropertyTable().
Conformity result: The return value is greater than 0, indicating the user data table is deleted successfully.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call deleteUserPropertyTable() and pass in a non-existent data table identifier as the parameter.
Conformity result: The return value is 1, indicating

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DataConfig | | that the user data table to be deleted does not exist.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call deleteUserPropertyTable() and pass in a string with null or empty parameters.
Conformity result: The return value is 2, indicating that the name of the data table to be deleted is invalid. | +| 4 | | getSystemPropertyTable() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: /data/app/data_access_default.json file does not exist.
Test method: Call getSystemPropertyTable().
Conformity result: The return value is 1, indicating that the acquired system data table does not exist.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: This file needs to exist as follows:/data/app/data_access_default.json.
Test method: Call getSystemPropertyTable().
Conformity result: The return value is greater than 0, indicating the success of getting the system data table. | +| 5 | | createItem() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable().
Test method: Call createItem().
Conformity result: The return value is greater than 0, indicating successful creation of the data item.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call createItem().
Conformity result: The return value is 1, indicating a failure to create data table.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() and createItem() in sequence.
Test method: Call createItem().
Conformity result: The return value is 2, indicating that the data item name already exists in the data table.
Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call createItem() to pass in a string with a parameter data item name of NULL or empty.
Conformity result: The return value is 3, indicating invalid data item name. | +| 6 | | deleteItem() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() and createItem() in sequence.
Test method: Call deleteItem(). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DataConfig | |

Conformity result: The return value is greater than 0, indicating successful deletion.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call the deleteItem() parameter to pass in a non-existent data table identifier.

Conformity result: The return value is 0, indicating that the deletion of the data item fails for unknown reasons.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call the deleteItem() parameter to pass in a non-existent data item name.

Conformity result: The return value is 1, indicating that data item does not exist.

| +| 7 | | getProperty() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() and createItem() in sequence.
Test method: Call getProperty().

Conformity result: Return a string, the value of the data item is success.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call the getProperty() parameter to pass in a non-existent data item name.

Conformity result: Return NULL, indicating that the obtained data item does not exist.

| +| 8 | | setProperty() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() and createItem() in sequence.
Test method: Call setProperty().

Conformity result: The return value is greater than 0, indicating successful modification.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call the setProperty() parameter to pass in a non-existent data item name.

Conformity result: The return value is 0, indicating the modification of the content fails due to unknown reasons.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call the setProperty() parameter to pass in a non-existent data item name.

Conformity result: The return value is 1, indicating that data item does not exist.

| +| 9 | | saveToNvm() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable(), folder:/data/db exists.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DataConfig | |

Test method: Call saveToNvm().

Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution. If executed successfully, the message MSG_SAVE_DATA_SUCCESS can be captured, indicating successful data writing.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: No user data table has been created.

Test method: The call to saveToNvm() passes in a parameter that is a non-existent data table identifier.

Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it has not been executed, and unsuccessful execution can capture an MSG_SAVE_DATA_FAILED message indicating that the data write has failed.

| +| 10 | | removeFromNvm() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() and saveToNvm() in sequence.

Test method: Call removeFromNvm().

Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution. If executed successfully, the message MSG_REMOVED_DATA_SUCCESS can be captured, indicating that the data table has been successfully deleted.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: No user data table has been created.

Test method: Call removeFromNvm() and pass in a non-existent data table identifier as the parameter.

Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the data table is not executed. If the execution is unsuccessful, the MSG_REMOVE_DATA_FAILED message can be captured, indicating that the data table deletion has failed.

| +| 11 | DataConfig | revertFromNvm() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Call createUserPropertyTable() and saveToNvm() in sequence.

Test method: Call revertFromNvm().

Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and successful execution can capture the message MSG_REVERT_DATA_SUCCESS, indicating successful data coverage.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: No user data table has been created.

Test method: Call revertFromNvm().

Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the execution is not successful. If the execution is unsuccessful, the MSG_REVERT_DATA_FAILED message can be captured, indicating that the data coverage has failed.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 12 | | restoreDefault() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: No user data table has been created.
Test method: Call restoreDefault().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution. If the execution is successful, the MSG_RESTORE_TO_DEFAULT_SUCCESS message can be captured, indicating that the data recovery is successful.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The system has no default data.
Test method: Call restoreDefault().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the execution is not successful. If the execution is unsuccessful, the MSG_RESTORE_TO_DEFAULT_FAILED message can be captured, indicating that the data recovery has failed.

| +| 13 | StorageDeviceManager | MSG_DEVICE_UNINSTALL_SUCCESS |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call uninstallDeviceByID function with valid URL.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_DEVICE_UNINSTALL_SUCCESS.

| +| 14 | | MSG_DEVICE_UNINSTALL_FAILED |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call uninstallDeviceByID function with invalid URL.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_DEVICE_UNINSTALL_FAILED.

| +| 15 | | getAllStorageDevices() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getAllStorageDevices().
Conformity result: Return an array of Storage Device objects.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 16 | | uninstallDeviceByID(id) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call getAllStorageDevices().
Test method: Call uninstallDeviceByID().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution. If the execution is successful, the MSG_UNINSTALL_DEVICE_SUCCESS message can be captured, indicating that the uninstallation is successful.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call uninstallDeviceByID().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it is not executed. If the execution is unsuccessful, the MSG_UNINSTALL_DEVICE_FAILED message can be captured, indicating that the uninstallation has failed.

| +| 17 | StorageDevice | id |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllStorageDevices().
Test method: Determine storageDevice.id.
Conformity result: The value is defined, and the storage device unique identifier is successfully obtained.

| +| 18 | | name |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllStorageDevices().
Test method: Determine storageDevice.name.
Conformity result: The value is not empty, and the storage device name is successfully obtained.

| +| 19 | | status |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllStorageDevices().
Test method: Determine storageDevice.status.
Conformity result: The value is defined, and the status information of the storage device is successfully obtained.

| +| 20 | | serialNumber |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllStorageDevices().
Test method: Determine the storageDevice.serialNumber.
Conformity result: The value is defined and the storage device serial number is successfully obtained.

| +| 21 | | getAllPartitions() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getAllPartitions().
Conformity result: Return an array of Storage Partition objects.

| +| 22 | | getPartitionByID(id) |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllStorageDevices().
Test method: Call getPartitionByID().

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Return the StoragePartition object. | +| 23 | StoragePart
ition | id | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllPartitions().
Test method: Determine the StoragePartition.id.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, then the partition ID is obtained successfully. | +| 24 | | name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllPartitions().
Test method: Determine the StoragePartition.name.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the storage device partition name is obtained successfully. | +| 25 | | totalSize | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllPartitions().
Test method: Determine the StoragePartition.totalSize.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the storage device partition space size is successfully obtained. | +| 26 | | freeSize | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllPartitions().
Test method: Determine the StoragePartition.freeSize.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the free space size of the storage device partition is successfully obtained. | +| 27 | | path | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllPartitions().
Test method: Determine the StoragePartition.path.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the access path to the storage device partition is successfully obtained. | +| 28 | | fsType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllPartitions().
Test method: Determine the StoragePartition.fsType.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the partition file system type is successfully obtained. | +| 29 | | fsStatus | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call getAllPartitions().
Test method: Determine StoragePartition.fsStatus.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the storage device partition status is successfully obtained. | +| 30 | | MSG_COPYFILE_SUCC
ESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the copyFile function with valid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 31 | FileManager | | Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_COPYFILE_SUCCESS. | +| 32 | | MSG_FILE_NOT_EXIST | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the copyFile function, source file does not exist.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_FILE_NOT_EXIST. | +| 33 | | MSG_MOVEFILE_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the moveFile function with valid URL.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MOVEFILE_SUCCESS. | +| 34 | | MSG_DELETEFILE_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call deleteFile function with valid URL.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_DELETEFILE_SUCCESS. | +| 35 | | MSG_COPYDIRECTORY_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the copyDirectory function with valid URL.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_COPYDIRECTORY_SUCCESS. | +| 36 | | MSG_MOVEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the moveDirectory function with valid URL.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MOVEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS. | +| 37 | | MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the deleteDirectory function with valid URL.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS. | +| | | MSG_COPYFILE_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Calling the copyFile function, the target path does not exist.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_COPYFILE_FAILED. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 38 | | MSG_SPACE_SHORTAGE | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the copyFile function, the target file system is full of storage.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message as MSG_SPACE_SHORTAGE. | +| 39 | | MSG_MOVEFILE_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the moveFile function, source file is read-only.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message as MSG_MOVEFILE_FAILED. | +| 40 | | MSG_CANNOT_DELETE_FILE | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call deleteFile function, source file is read-only.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_CANNOT_DELETE_FILE. | +| 41 | | MSG_DELETEFILE_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call deleteFile function, source file is read-only.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_DELETEFILE_FAILED. | +| 42 | | MSG_COPYDIRECTORY_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the copyDirectory function, the target directory does not exist.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_COPYDIRECTORY_FAILED. | +| 43 | | MSG_DIRECTORY_NOT_EXIST | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the copyDirectory function, source directory does not exist.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_DIRECTORY_NOT_EXIST. | +| 44 | | MSG_MOVEDIRECTORY_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call the moveDirectory function, source directory does not exist.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_MOVEDIRECTORY_FAILED. | +| 45 | | MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_FAILED | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call deleteDirectory function, source directory does not exist.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | message of
MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_FAILED. | +| 46 | | MSG_CANNOT_DELETE_DIRECTORY | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call deleteDirectory function, source directory is read-only.
Test method: Get event message events.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of
MSG_CANNOT_DELETE_DIRECTORY. | +| 47 | | copyFile(path1, path2) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call copyFile().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and capture the message
MSG_COPYFILE_SUCCESS, indicating successful replication.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The source file does not exist.
Test method: Call copyFile().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and capture message
MSG_FILE_NOT_EXIST, indicating that the source file does not exist.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The target file system storage is full.
Test method: Call copyFile().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and capture the message
MSG_SPACESHORTAGE, indicating that the storage space of the target path is insufficient. | +| 48 | | moveFile(path1, path2) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call moveFile().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and capture the message
MSG_MOVEFILE_SUCCESS, indicating a successful move.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The source file does not exist.
Test method: Call moveFile().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it is not executed, and capture message
MSG_FILE_NOT_EXIST, indicating that the source file does not exist.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The target file system storage is full.
Test method: Call moveFile().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it is not executed, and capture message | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | MSG_SPACESHORTAGE, indicating that the storage space of the target path is insufficient. | +| 49 | | deleteFile(path) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call deleteFile().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and capture the message MSG_DELETEFILE_SUCCESS to indicate successful deletion.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The source file does not exist.
Test method: Call deleteFile().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it is not executed, and capture message MSG_DELETE_FAILED to indicate deletion failure.

| +| 50 | | existLocalFile(path) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call existLocalFile().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the existence of the file.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The source file does not exist.
Test method: Call existLocalFile().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the file does not exist.

| +| 51 | | copyDirectory(path1, path2) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call copyDirectory().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, captures message MSG_COPYDIRECTORY_SUCCESS, indicating successful replication.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The source directory does not exist.
Test method: Call copyDirectory().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the file is not executed, and captures message MSG_DIRECTORY_NOT_EXIST, indicating that the source file does not exist.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The target file system storage is full.
Test method: Call copyDirectory().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it is not executed, capture message MSG_SPACESHORTAGE, indicating that the storage space of the target path is insufficient.

| +| 52 | | |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | moveDirectory(path1, path2) |

Test method: Call moveDirectory().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and capture message MSG_MOVEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS, indicating successful move.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The source directory does not exist
Test method: Call moveDirectory().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the file is not executed, and capture message MSG_DIRECTORY_NOT_EXIST to indicate that the source file does not exist.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The target file system storage is full.
Test method: Call moveDirectory().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it is not executed, and captures message MSG_SPACESHORTAGE, indicating that the storage space of the target path is insufficient.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Source directory is read-only.
Test method: Call moveDirectory().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that it has not been executed, and capture message MSG_CANNOT_DELETE_DIRECTORY to indicate that the source file cannot be deleted.

| +| 53 | | deleteDirectory(path) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call deleteDirectory().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate the start of execution, and capture the message MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_SUCCESS to indicate successful deletion.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Source directory is read-only.
Test method: Call deleteDirectory().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the deletion is not executed, and capture message MSG_DELETEDIRECTORY_FAILED to indicate that the deletion has failed.

| +| 54 | | existDirectory(path) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call existDirectory().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate that the directory exists.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The source directory does not exist.
Test method: Call existDirectory().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate that the

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | directory does not exist. | +| 55 | | downloadRemoteFile(path ,endureTime) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call downloadremoteFile().
Conformity result: Capture message MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_SUCCESS to indicate successful download.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call downloadremoteFile() to pass in exception parameters.
Conformity result: Capture message MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTEFILE_NOT_EXISTS to indicate that there are no files to download on the front end.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call downloadremoteFile() to pass in exception parameters.
Conformity result: Capture message MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILEFAILED to indicate download failure.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call downloadremoteFile().
Conformity result: Capture message MSG_DOWNLOAD_FILE_TIMEOUT to indicate that the specified time for endureTime has passed and the file download has not yet been completed.

| +| 56 | | getRemoteFile(maskId) |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Call downloadRemoteFile() and receive message MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_SUCCESS.
Test method: Call getremoteFile().
Conformity result: Return a file object of type FileObj.

| +| 57 | | killObject(obj) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call downloadRemoteFile() to receive the message MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_SUCCESS and then call getRemoteFile().
Test method: Call killObject().
Conformity result: The return value of 1 indicates successful removal.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call downloadRemoteFile() to receive the message MSG_DOWNLOAD_REMOTE_FILE_SUCCESS and then call getRemoteFile().

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call killObject () .
Conformity result: The return value of 0 indicates that removal has failed. | +| 58 | Directory | name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call Directory() and getDirList() in sequence.
Test method: Determine directory.name .
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the directory name is successfully obtained. | +| 59 | | path | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call Directory() and getDirList() in sequence.
Test method: Determine directory.path .
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the directory is successfully obtained. | +| 60 | | Directory(path) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call Directory() .
Conformity result: Return the Directory object. | +| 61 | | getFileList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call Directory() .
Test method: Call getFileList() .
Conformity result: File object array. If the directory does not contain any files, the returned array length is 0. | +| 62 | | getDirList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call Directory() sequentially.
Test method: Call getDirList() .
Conformity result: Return directory object array, if the directory does not contain any subdirectories, the returned array length is 0. | +| 63 | | size | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call FileObj() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine fileobj.size .
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the file size is successfully obtained. | +| 64 | FileObj | name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call FileObj() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine fileobj.name .
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the file name is successfully obtained. | +| 65 | | path | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call FileObj() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine fileobj.path .
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the absolute path where the file is located is successfully obtained. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 66 | | FileObj(locator) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call FileObj().
Conformity result: Return the FileObj object. | +| 67 | | open(mode) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call FileObj().
Test method: Call open().
Conformity result: The return value of 1 indicates successful opening.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call FileObj().
Test method: Call open() to pass in exception parameters.
Conformity result: The return value of 0 indicates an open failure. | +| 68 | | close() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call FileObj() and open() in sequence.
Test method: Call close().
Conformity result: The return value of 1 indicates successful closure.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call FileObj().
Test method: Call close().
Conformity result: The return value of 0 indicates a failure to close. | +| 69 | | readFile(len) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call FileObj() and open() in sequence.
Test method: Call readFile().
Conformity result: Return string, which returns the readings as a string. | +| 70 | | readAllFile() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call FileObj() and open() in sequence.
Test method: Call readAllFile().
Conformity result: Return string, which returns the readings as a string. | +| 71 | | type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the audioFile.type.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the audio file type is successfully obtained. | +| 72 | | fileName | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AudioFile | | Test method: Determine audioFile.fileName.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the audio locator is successfully obtained. | +| 73 | | location | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine audioFile.location.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the audio file name is successfully obtained. | +| 74 | | fileSize | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the audioFile.fileSize.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the audio file is successfully obtained. | +| 75 | | sampleRate | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the audioFile.sampleRate.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the sampling rate is successfully obtained. | +| 76 | | numberOfChannels | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine audioFile.numberOfChannels.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the number of channels is successfully obtained. | +| 77 | | Duration | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine audioFile.duration.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the playback time of the audio file is successfully obtained. | +| 78 | | AudioFile(path) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call AudioFile().
Conformity result: Return the AudioFile object. | +| 79 | | Date | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine audioFile.date.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the audio release date is successfully obtained. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 80 | | title | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine audioFile.title.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the audio title is successfully obtained. | +| 81 | | artist | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine audioFile.artist.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the artist/performer is successfully obtained. | +| 82 | | album | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AudioFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine audioFile.album.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the album name is successfully obtained. | +| 83 | VideoFile | VideoFile(path) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call VideoFile().
Conformity result: Return the VideoFile object. | +| 84 | | typeContainer | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the videoFile.typeContainer.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the encapsulation format is successfully obtained. | +| 85 | | typeVideo | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.typeVideo.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video type is successfully obtained. | +| 86 | | typeAudio | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.typeAudio.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the accompanying audio type is successfully obtained. | +| 87 | | location | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.location.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video file locator is successfully obtained. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 88 | VideoFile | fileName | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.fileName.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video file name is successfully obtained. | +| 89 | | fileSize | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the videoFile.fileSize.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video file size is successfully obtained. | +| 90 | | bitRate | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the videoFile.bitRate.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the playback rate is successfully obtained. | +| 91 | | duration | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.duration.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the file playback time is successfully obtained. | +| 92 | | width | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.width.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video width is successfully obtained. | +| 93 | | height | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.height.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video heigth is successfully obtained. | +| 94 | | aspectRatio | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the videoFile.aspectRatio.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video aspect ratio is successfully obtained. | +| 95 | | Fps | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.fps.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the video frame rate is successfully obtained. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 96 | | sampleRate | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine the videoFile.sampleRate.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the sampling rate of the accompanying audio is successfully obtained. | +| 97 | | numberOfChannels | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call VideoFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine videoFile.numberOfChannel.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the number of channels is successfully obtained. | +| 98 | ImageFile | ImageFile(path) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call ImageFile().
Conformity result: Return the ImageFile object. | +| 99 | | type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call ImageFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine imageFile.type.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the type of the image file is successfully obtained. | +| 100 | | Location | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call ImageFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine imageFile.location.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the locator for the image file is successfully obtained. | +| 101 | | filename | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call ImageFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine imageFile.fileName.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the name of the image file is successfully obtained. | +| 102 | | width | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call ImageFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine imageFile.width.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the width of the image file is successfully obtained. | +| 103 | | height | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call ImageFile() to retrieve the object.
Test method: Determine imageFile.height.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the height of the image file is obtained successfully. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 104 | Utility | getEventInfo(id) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getEventInfo().
Conformity result: Return a string type, indicating detailed description information of the message. | +| 105 | | println(str) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call println().
Conformity result: No return. | +| 106 | GlobalVar Manager | setItemValue(key, value) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setItemValue().
Conformity result: The return value of getItemValue() is compared with the value of the global variable parameter set by setItemValue(), if it is the same, then it succeeds. | +| 107 | | getItemValue(key) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call setItemValue().
Test method: Call getItemValue().
Conformity result: If the return value is the same as the global variable parameter value set by setItemValue(), the comparison is successful. | +| 108 | | setItemStr(key, str) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call setItemStr().
Conformity result: If the return value of calling getItemStr() is compared with the global variable parameter value set by setItemStr(), if it is the same, then it succeeds. | +| 109 | | getItemStr(key) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call setItemStr().
Test method: Call getItemStr().
Conformity result: If the return value is the same as the global variable parameter value set by setItemStr(), then it succeeds. | +| 110 | | removeItem(key) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call setItemStr().
Test method: Call removeItem().
Conformity result: If the return value of calling getItemStr() is null, it is successful. | +| 111 | | clearAll() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call setItemStr().
Test method: Call clearAll().
Conformity result: If the return value of the call to getItemStr() is null, it is successful. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 112 | Rectangle | left | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine Rectangle.left.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the X_axis coordinate of the upper left corner of the Rectangle object is successfully obtained. | +| 113 | | top | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine Rectangle.top.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the Y_axis coordinate of the upper left corner of the Rectangle object is successfully obtained. | +| 114 | | width | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine Rectangle.width.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the Rectangle object width is successfully obtained. | +| 115 | | height | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine Rectangle.height.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the height of the Rectangle object is obtained successfully. | +| 116 | | Rectangle(left, top, width, height) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call Rectangle().
Conformity result: No return value. | +| 117 | SysTool | standBy() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call standBy().
Conformity result: The device inputs standby mode. | +| 118 | | sleep() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call sleep().
Conformity result: The device inputs sleep mode. | +| 119 | | wakeUp() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: sleep().
Test method: Call wakeUp().
Conformity result: Wake up the device. | +| 120 | | getStandByState() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getStandByState().
Conformity result: The return value of 3 indicates that the device is working properly.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Call sleep(). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | HardwareInfo | | Test method: Call getStandByState().
Conformity result: The return value of 1 indicates that the device is truly on standby.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Call standBy().
Test method: Call getStandByState().
Conformity result: The return value of 2 indicates that the device is in false standby. | +| 121 | | reboot() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call reboot().
Conformity result: Restart the device. | +| 122 | | Flash.size | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.Flash.size.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the size of the receiving terminal's flash memory is successfully obtained. | +| 123 | | RAM.size | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.RAM.size.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the size of the receiving terminal memory is successfully obtained. | +| 124 | | RAM.type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.RAM.type.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the type of receiving terminal memory is successfully obtained. | +| 125 | | SOC.model | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.SOC.model.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the model of the receiving terminal's main chip is successfully obtained. | +| 126 | | SOC.frequency | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.SOC.frequency.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the working frequency of the receiving terminal's main chip is successfully obtained. | +| 127 | | SOC.provider | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.SOC.provider.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | HardwareInfo | | provider name of the receiving terminal's main chip is successfully obtained. | +| 128 | | HW.version | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.HW.version.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, obtaining the hardware version number of the receiving terminal is successful. | +| 129 | | STB.TPtype | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.STB.TPtype.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the transmission mode type of the receiving terminal is successfully obtained. | +| 130 | | STB.definition | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.STB.definition.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the clarity type of the receiving terminal is successfully obtained. | +| 131 | | STB.provider | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.STB.provider.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the provider name of the receiving terminal is successfully obtained. | +| 132 | | STB.brand | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.STB.brand.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the brand name of the receiving terminal is successfully obtained. | +| 133 | | STB.model | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.STB.model.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the model of the receiving terminal is successfully obtained. | +| 134 | | STB.serialnumber | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.STB.serialnumber.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the serial number of the receiving terminal is | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successfully obtained. | +| 135 | HardwareInfo | STB.returnPath | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine HardwareInfo.STB.returnPath.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the return channel attribute of the receiving terminal is successfully obtained. | +| 136 | | OS.name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.OS.name.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the name of the operating system software is successfully obtained. | +| 137 | | OS.version | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.OS.version.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the version number of the operating system software is successfully obtained. | +| 138 | SoftwareInfo | OS.provider | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.OS.provider.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the provider name of the operating system software is successfully obtained. | +| 139 | | middleware.name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.middleware.name.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the name of the system software is successfully obtained. | +| 140 | | middleware.version | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.middleware.version.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the version number of the system software is successfully obtained. | +| 141 | | middleware.provider | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method:
DetermineSoftwareInfo.middleware.provider.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the provider name of the system software is successfully obtained. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 142 | | middleware.releaseDate | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.middleware.releaseDate.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the release date of the system software is successfully obtained. | +| 143 | | middleware.copyright | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.middleware.copyright.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the copyright information of the system software is successfully obtained. | +| 144 | | middleware.RAMSize | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.middleware.RAMSize.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the memory size occupied by the system software is successfully obtained. | +| 145 | | middleware.NVMSize | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.middleware.NVMSize.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the non-volatile memory (NVM) size occupied by the system software is successfully obtained. | +| 146 | | middleware.platform_profile | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.middleware.platform_profile.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the platform level supported by the system software is successfully obtained. | +| 147 | | loader.name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.loader.name.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the name of the software update loader is successfully obtained. | +| 148 | | loader.version | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.loader.version.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the version number of the software update loader is successfully obtained. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 149 | | loader.provider | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.loader.provider.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the provider of the software update loader is successfully obtained. | +| 150 | | loader.size | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.loader.size.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the size of the software update loader is successfully obtained. | +| 151 | | CA.name | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.CA.name.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the name of the CA software is successfully obtained. | +| 152 | | CA.version | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.CA.version.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the version number of the CA software is successfully obtained. | +| 153 | | CA.provider | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.CA.provider.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the provider of CA software is successfully obtained. | +| 154 | | Driver.vision | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Determine SoftwareInfo.Driver.vision.
Conformity result: If there is a value assigned, the driver version of the receiving terminal is successful. | +| 155 | Upgrade | checkOTA() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Deploy new OTA upgrade packages for front-end upgrade services.
Test method: Call checkOTA().
Conformity result: Return true to indicate OTA upgrade.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The front-end upgrade service has not deployed a new OTA upgrade package.
Test method: Call checkOTA().
Conformity result: Return false to indicate no OTA upgrade. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Interface and Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 156 | | startOTA() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Deploy new OTA upgrade packages for front-end upgrade services.
Test method: Call startOTA().
Conformity result: Start OTA upgrade. | +| 157 | | getOTAName() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getOTAName().
Conformity result: Return string type, indicating the name of the OTA upgrade event. | + +### B.10 Conformance test of application engine unit interfaces + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | EPGManager | MSG_EPG_SEARCH_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The system is connected to a cable and there is EIT data at the network frequency.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent(tsList, mask, endureTime) and search successfully.
Conformity result: The web page received a message of MSG_EPG_SEARCH_SUCCESS. | +| 2 | | searchProgramEvent(tsList, mask, endureTime) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent(tsList, mask, endureTime).
Conformity result: The MSG_EPG_SEARCH_SUCCESS message is sent when the search is complete, the MSG_EPG_SEARCH_REFRESH message is sent when data is searched, and the search timeout message stops the search and sends the MSG_EPG_SEARCH_TIMEOUT message. Return an integer indicating the unique identifier (maskId) that is assigned by the system to the asynchronous process. | +| 3 | | searchProgramEventByService(serviceLocator, mask, endureTime) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call searchProgramEventByService(serviceLocator, mask, endureTime).
Conformity result: The MSG_EPG_SEARCH_SUCCESS message is sent when the search is complete, the MSG_EPG_SEARCH_REFRESH message is sent when data is found, and the MSG_EPG_SEARCH_TIMEOUT message is sent when the search times out. Return an integer indicating the unique identifier (maskId) assigned by the system to the asynchronous process. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 4 | | getPresentProgram(serviceLocator) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the specified operations of serviceLocator can be obtained.
Test method: Call getPresentProgram (serviceLocator).
Conformity result: Return a ProgramEvent object that indicates the current ProgramEvent of the service described by serviceLocator.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the specified operations of serviceLocator cannot be obtained.
Test method: Call getPresentProgram (serviceLocator).
Conformity result: Return null.

| +| 5 | EPGManager | getPresentProgramsByContentType(contentType) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getPresentProgramsByContentType (contentType).
Conformity result: Return a ProgramEvent array containing all current ProgramEvents with a classification type of contentType.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Based on the testing environment conditions, the specified business for contentType cannot be obtained.
Test method: Call getPresentProgramsByContentType (contentType).
Conformity result: Return an array with a length of 0.

| +| 6 | | getPresentProgramsByName(str) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After calling the search interface of EPG and returning success, the str keyword is passed in and exists in the EIT list.
Test method: Call the getPresentProgramsByName (str) method.
Conformity result: Return the ProgramEvent array, which contains an array of all current ProgramEvent objects with the programme name str.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: After calling the search interface of EPG and returning success, the str keyword passed in does not exist in the EIT list.
Test method: Call the getPresentProgramsByName (str) method.
Conformity result: Return an array of length 0.

| +| 7 | | getFollowingProgram(serviceLocator) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: After already calling the EPG's

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EPGManager | |

search interface and returning success, pass in the correct address for serviceLocator.

Test method: Call getFollowingProgram(serviceLocator).

Conformity result: Return the subsequent programs to the array of ProgramEventd objects indicating the operations specified by serviceLocator.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: After calling the search interface of EPG and returning success, the serviceLocator address passed in is incorrect.

Test method: Call getFollowingProgram(serviceLocator).

Conformity result: Return an array of length 0.

| +| 8 | | getFollowingProgramsByContentType(contentType) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: After calling the search interface of EPG and returning success, the contentType passed in exists in the EIT list.

Test method: Call getFollowingProgramsByContentType(contentType).

Conformity result: Return an array of ProgramEvents containing all subsequent ProgramEvents classified as contentType.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: After calling the search interface of EPG and returning success, the contentType passed in does not exist in the EIT list.

Test method: Call getFollowingProgramsByContentType(contentType).

Conformity result: Return an array of length 0.

| +| 9 | | getFollowingProgramsByName(str) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The str keyword passed in exists in the following programs of EIT.

Test method: Call getFollowingProgramsByName(str).

Conformity result: Return an array of ProgramEvents containing all subsequent ProgramEvents with the programme name str.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The str keyword passed in does not exist in the following programs of EIT.

Test method: Call getFollowingProgramsByName(str).

Conformity result: Return an array of length 0.

| +| 10 | | getProgramsByService(serviceLocator) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The serviceLocator locator passed in exists in the EIT.

Test method: Call getProgramsByService

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EPGManager | | (serviceLocator).
Conformity result: Return the ProgramEvent array, indicating all programs of the service specified by serviceLocator.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The serviceLocator locator passed in does not exist in EIT.
Test method: Call getProgramsByService (serviceLocator).
Conformity result: Return an array of length 0. | +| 11 | | getProgramsByDate(serviceLocator, beginDate, endDate) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The parameters passed in can be found in the EIT programme table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByDate (serviceLocator, beginDate, endDate).
Conformity result: Return the ProgramEvent array, indicating all programs in the serviceLocator's specified service that match the specified times.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The parameters passed in cannot be found in the EIT programme table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByDate (serviceLocator, beginDate, endDate).
Conformity result: Return an array of length 0. | +| 12 | | getProgramsByDirection(serviceLocator, beginDate, count, isForward) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The parameters passed in can be found in the EIT programme table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByDirection (serviceLocator, beginDate, count, isForward).
Conformity result: Return a ProgramEvent array with a length of count, indicating the programme information specified by serviceLocator for the specified start date and retrieval direction in the service
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The parameters passed in cannot be found in the EIT programme table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByDirection (serviceLocator, beginDate, count, isForward). | +| 13 | | getProgramsByContentType(contentType) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The parameters passed in can be found in the EIT programme table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByContentType (contentType).
Conformity result: Return an array of ProgramEvents containing all ProgramEvents classified as contentType.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The parameters passed in cannot be | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EPGManager | | found in the EIT programme table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByContentType(contentType).
Conformity result: Return an array of length 0. | +| 14 | | getProgramsByName(str) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The parameters passed in can find the programme in the EIT table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByName (str).
Conformity result: Return an array of ProgramEvents containing all ProgramEvents with programme name str.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The parameters passed in cannot be found in the EIT programme table.
Test method: Call getProgramsByName (str).
Conformity result: Return an array of length 0. | +| 15 | | MSG_EPG_SEARCH_EXCEED_MAX_COUNT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: System frequency lock is normal.
Test method: In the data management module EPGSetting.program_event_maxcount is specified. Call the EPG search interface.
Conformity result: When the search results reach the maximum value, the search stops automatically and the web page receives the message MSG_EPG_SEARCH_EXCEED_MAX_COUNT. | +| 16 | | MSG_EPG_SEARCH_REFRESH | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: System frequency lock is normal.
Test method: Call the searchProgramEvent (tsList, mask, endureTime) interface to pass in the corresponding parameters for searching.
Conformity result: When EPG searches for partial data, the web page receives the message MSG_EPG_SEARCH_REFRESH. | +| 17 | | MSG_EPG_SEARCH_TIMEOUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: System frequency lock is normal.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent (tsList, mask, endureTime) and exceed the specified time.
Conformity result: When no programme information is searched within the time period specified by the interface, the web page receives the message MSG_EPG_SEARCH_TIMEOUT. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 18 | | MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_N
VODREFERENCE_SUC
CESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: System frequency lock is normal.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent (tsList, mask, endureTime) and receive NVOD data.
Conformity result: Send NVOD reference event success message to the page. The web page receives a message as MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_SU CCESS. | +| 19 | | MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_A
LL_NVODREFERENCE
_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: System frequency lock is normal.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent (tsList, mask, endureTime) and collect NVOD data.
Conformity result: Send a message to the page that all NVOD frequency data has been received. The web page receives the message MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_ALL_NVODREFERENC E_SUCCESS. | +| 20 | | MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_N
VODREFERENCE_TIM
EOUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent(tsList, mask, endureTime) and NVOD reference data is received beyond the time limit.
Conformity result: Send a search timeout message to the page for NVOD reference events. The web page receives a message as MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_TIM EOUT. | +| 21 | | MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_N
VODTIMESHIFT_SUCC
ESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The system can successfully lock the frequency.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent (tsList, mask, endureTime) and receive time shifted event data.
Conformity result: Send a successful message to the page to receive a time shift event under a certain reference event. The web page receives the message MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODTIMESHIFT_SUC CESS. | +| 22 | | MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_N
VODTIMESHIFT_TIME
OUT | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call searchProgramEvent (tsList, mask, endureTime) and the data reception of time shift event exceeds the time limit.
Conformity result: Send the timeout message to the page for VOD time shift event. The web page receives a message as MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODTIMESHIFT_TIM EOUT. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 23 | | searchNVODRefEvents(endureTime) |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call searchNVODRefEvents(endureTime).
Conformity result: Return an integer indicating the unique identifier (maskId) assigned by the system for this asynchronous process and sends a message to the page, where
MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_SUCCESS message indicates that the search for NVOD data on a frequency is successful.
MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_ALL_NVODREFERENCE_SUCCESS message indicates that the data of all NVOD frequencies have been received, and the MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_TIMEOUT message indicates that the searching time has reached endureTime.

| +| 24 | | searchNVODRefEvents(tsArray, endureTime) |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call searchNVODRefEvents(tsArray, endureTime).
Conformity result: Return an integer indicating the unique identifier (maskId) assigned by the system to this asynchronous process and sends a message to the page, where
MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_SUCCESS message indicates that the search for NVOD data on a frequency is successful.
MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_ALL_NVODREFERENCE_SUCCESS message indicates that the data of all NVOD frequencies have been received, and the MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODREFERENCE_TIMEOUT message indicates that the searching time has reached endureTime.

| +| 25 | | getReferencePrograms(serviceLocator) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The serviceLocator passed in is correct and the corresponding channel has reference programs.
Test method: Call getReferencePrograms(serviceLocator).
Conformity result: Return an array of ReferenceEvent objects containing all the reference programs on the serviceLocator's specified service.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The serviceLocator passed in is incorrect, or the corresponding channel has reference programs.
Test method: Call getReferencePrograms(serviceLocator).
Conformity result: Return an array with a length of 0.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 26 | | getReferenceEvents(sortType, sortOrder) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The passed in parameters are normal and there is a reference event present.
Test method: Call getReferenceEvents(sortType, sortOrder).
Conformity result: Return an array of ReferenceEvent objects containing all the ReferenceEvent objects that have been searched after sorting in the specified way.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The passed in parameter is abnormal or there is no reference event present.
Test method: Call getReferenceEvents(sortType, sortOrder).
Conformity result: Return an array with a length of 0.

| +| 27 | | exitNVODMode() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition:
SearchNVODRefEvents(endureTime) or searchNVODRefEvents(tsArray, endureTime) are called.
Test method: Call exitNVODMode().
Conformity result: None.

| +| 28 | ProgramEvent | channelObj |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create ProgramEvent object.
Test method: Read channelObj.
Conformity result: Successfully read, return the corresponding Channel object.

| +| 29 | | eventObj |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create ProgramEvent object.
Test method: Read eventObj.
Conformity result: Read successfully, return the corresponding DvbEvent object.

| +| 30 | | isBooked |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create ProgramEvent object.
Test method: Read and write eventObj.
Conformity result: Read and write successfully, 0 indicates unsubscribed, and 1 indicates subscribed.

| +| 31 | | channelObj |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create ReferenceEvent object.
Test method: Read channelObj.
Conformity result: Successfully read, return the corresponding Channel object.

| +| 32 | | eventObj |

Conformity requirement:

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | ReferenceEvent | |

Precondition: Successfully create ReferenceEvent object.

Test method: Read eventObj.

Conformity result: Read successfully, return the corresponding DvbEvent object.

| +| 33 | | searchSchedules(endureTime) |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: Successfully create ReferenceEvent object.

Test method: Call searchSchedule(endureTime).

Conformity result: Return an integer where:

1 - Indicates that there is no data in the cache, the bottom layer will automatically go to lock the frequency, if receive data successfully, then issue a message MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODTIMESHIFT_SUCCESS; when the search time reaches endureTime, the system automatically stops searching and sends out the message MSG_EPG_RECEIVE_NVODTIMESHIFT_TIMEOUT.

2 - Indicates that the NVOD time shift event information to be collected already exists in the cache and is complete, and can be directly obtained. At this point, no more messages will be returned to the page.

| +| 34 | | getSchedules() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: There is a time shift business under this reference service.

Test method: Call getSchedules().

Conformity result: An array of TimeShiftEvent objects containing a list of all time-shift events within a number of days from this point in time for this reference event.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: There is no time shift service under this reference business.

Test method: Call getSchedules().

Conformity result: Return an array of length 0.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 35 | | getPresentSchedules() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: There is a normal time shift service playing under the current reference service.
Test method: Call getPresentSchedules().
Conformity result: An array of TimeShiftEvent objects containing all the time-shift event objects that are currently being played to get the reference event, with the elements in the array sorted by playback start time.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: There is no normal time shift service playing under the current reference service.
Test method: Call getPresentSchedules().
Conformity result: Return an array of length 0.

| +| 36 | | getFollowingSchedules() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Exist time-shifted services to be played under the current reference service.
Test method: Call getFollowingSchedules().
Conformity result: An array of TimeShiftEvent objects containing all the time shift event objects carried by this reference event for the next playback, with the elements in the array sorted by playback start time.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: There is no time-shift service to be played under the current reference service.
Test method: Call getFollowingSchedules().
Conformity result: Return an array of length 0.

| +| 37 | | channelObj |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read channelObj.
Conformity result: Successfully read, return the corresponding Channel object.

| +| 38 | TimeShiftEvent | refChannelObj |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read refChannelObj.
Conformity result: Successfully read and return the corresponding reference service Channel object.

| +| 39 | | eventObj |

Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read eventObj.
Conformity result: Read successfully, return the corresponding DvbEvent object.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 40 | | refEventObj | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read refEventObj.
Conformity result: Successfully read and return the corresponding reference service DvbEvent object. | +| 41 | | status | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read the status.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read successfully, where -1 means it is been played, 0 means it is being played, and 1 means it has not been played yet. | +| 42 | | orderIndex | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read orderIndex.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read successfully, where 1 indicates that it has not been booked, and the remaining positive integers indicate the position in the rebooking list. | +| 43 | | preEvent | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read preEvent.
Conformity result: TimeShiftEvent object is of read-only type and represents the previous time shift object for this time shift event | +| 44 | | nextEvent | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: Successfully create TimeShiftEvent object.
Test method: Read nextEvent.
Conformity result: TimeShiftEvent object is of read-only type and represents the next time shift object for this time shift event. | +| 45 | ChannelManager | MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call save() and write successfully.
Test method: Get through the page document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_SUCCESS. | +| 46 | | MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call restore() and successfully recover.
Test method: Get through the page document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | ChannelManager | | message of MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_SUCCESS. | +| 47 | | getChannelByChannelID(channelId) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call getChannelByChannelID (channelId).
Conformity result: Return the Channel object with the specified channel number, and return NULL if it does not exist. | +| 48 | | getChannelByServiceID(serviceId) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call getChannelByServiceID (serviceId).
Conformity result: Return the Channel object with the specified service number. If the channel cannot be found with the specified serviceid, return NULL. | +| 49 | | getChannelByLogicalID(logicalId) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call getChannelByLogicalID (logicalId).
Conformity result: Return the Channel object with the specified logical channel number, or NULL if the channel corresponding to the specified logicalId does not exist. | +| 50 | | getLastChannel() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channels that have been played in one way.
Test method: Call getLastChannel().
Conformity result: Return the Channel object, which is the previous channel opened for playback. | +| 51 | | getLastChannel(serviceType) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channels that have been played in one way.
Test method: Call getLastChannel(serviceType).
Conformity result: Return the Channel object, which is the previous opened channel of the specified type. If the specified service_type cannot be found, return NULL. | +| 52 | | getShutDownChannel() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channels that have been played in one way.
Test method: Call getShutDownChannel().
Conformity result: Return the Channel object, which is a shutdown channel. If there is no shutdown channel, return NULL. | +| 53 | | getShutDownChannel(serviceType) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channels that have been played in one way.
Test method: Call getShutDownChannel | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | ChannelManager | | (serviceType).
Conformity result: Return the Channel object for the specified type of shutdown channel, or NULL if there is no shutdown channel of the specified type. | +| 54 | | filter(filterTypeArray[], valueArray[]) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call filter(filterTypeArray[], valueArray[]).
Conformity result: Return an array of Channel objects, which is a filtered list of channels. If there is an exception, return an empty array. | +| 55 | | delChannel(obj) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call delChannel(obj).
Conformity result: Return an integer, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion (Note – This deletion action is specific to RAM operations). | +| 56 | | deleteAll() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call deleteAll().
Conformity result: Return an integer, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion. All channels are deleted (Note – This deletion action is specific to RAM operations). | +| 57 | | deleteAllDelMarked() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call deleteAllDelMarked().
Conformity result: Return an integer, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion. All marked channels are deleted (Note – This deletion action is specific to RAM operations). | +| 58 | | deleteAllFavorites() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call deleteAllFavorites().
Conformity result: Return an integer, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion. All favorite channels are deleted (Note – This deletion action is specific to RAM operations). | +| 59 | | resetProperties() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call resetProperties().
Conformity result: Return an integer with 1 indicating success and 0 indicating failure. Reset all channels to non favorite, non locked, and non hidden (Note – This deletion action is specific to RAM operations). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 60 | | swap(obj1,obj2) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call swap(obj1, obj2).
Conformity result: No return value, check the position of swapping two channels in the channel list. | +| 61 | | sort(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call sort(sortTypeArray[], sortOrderArray[]).
Conformity result: No return, sort the channel list according to the specified method. | +| 62 | | save() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call save().
Conformity result: No return, save the number of channels of RAM to the NVM, and send the message MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_SUCCESS if it succeeds; if it fails, send the message MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_FAILED. | +| 63 | | restore() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully search for channel.
Test method: Call restore().
Conformity result: No return, import the number of channels of the NVM into RAM, and send the message MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_SUCCESS if it succeeds; if it fails, send the message MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_FAILED. | +| 64 | | MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call save() and fail to write.
Test method: Get through the page document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_CHANNEL_RAM_TO_NVM_FAILED. | +| 65 | | MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call restore() and fail.
Test method: Get through the page document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message as MSG_CHANNEL_NVM_TO_RAM_FAILED. | +| 66 | | logicalId | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write logicalId.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Channel | | successfully, indicating logical channel number. | +| 67 | | supportPlayback | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write supportPlayback.
Conformity result: Return Boolean, read/write successfully, indicating whether retrospective is supported or not. True indicates support, false indicates not support. | +| 68 | | channelId | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write channelId.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating channel number. | +| 69 | | isDeleted | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write isDelete.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating the deletion mark of the channel where 0 indicates no settings, 1 indicates settings. | +| 70 | | isFavorite | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write isFavorite.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read/write successfully, indicating the channel's favorite flag, where 0 means not set and 1 means set. | +| 71 | | isLocked | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write isLocked.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating the channel's lock flag where 0 indicates no settings, 1 indicates settings. | +| 72 | | isHidden | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write isHidden.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating the hidden marker of the channel where 0 indicates no settings, 1 indicates settings. | +| 73 | | deltVolume | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write deltVolume.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating the volume offset of the channel relative to the global volume. | +| 74 | | getService() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Call getService(). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Channel | | Conformity result: Return the DvbService object, indicating the DvbService corresponding to the channel. | +| 75 | OrderManager | MSG_REMIND_RAM_TO_NVM_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call save() and succeed.
Test method: Get through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_REMIND_RAM_TO_NVM_SUCCESS. | +| 76 | | MSG_REMIND_RAM_TO_NVM_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call save() and fail.
Test method: Get through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message as MSG_REMIND_RAM_TO_NVM_FAILED. | +| 77 | | MSG_REMIND_NVM_TO_RAM_SUCCESS | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call restore() and fail.
Test method: Get through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message of MSG_REMIND_NVM_TO_RAM_SUCCESS. | +| 78 | | MSG_REMIND_NVM_TO_RAM_FAILED | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call restore() and fail.
Test method: Get through document.onsystemevent.
Conformity result: The web page receives a message as MSG_REMIND_NVM_TO_RAM_FAILED. | +| 79 | | advanceRemind | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write advanceRemind.
Conformity result: Integer, read and write successful, indicating the time of the popup reminder for the booking program. | +| 80 | | conflictInterval | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write conflictInterval.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read/write successfully, indicating the threshold for booking programme conflicts. | +| 81 | | remindType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Channel object.
Test method: Read and write isLocked.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicates the conflict mode, where 0 | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | OrderManager | | indicates conflictInterval as the conflict judgment condition; 1 indicates programme playback duration as the conflict judgment condition. | +| 82 | | addEvent(type, eventObj) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call addEvent(type, eventObj).
Conformity result: Return an integer where:
1: Indicates successful addition;
0: indicates that the programme has been broadcasted;
-1: Indicates adding conflicts;
-2: Indicates that there is no corresponding business;
-3: Indicates that the reserved space is full. | +| 83 | | getPlayingList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call getPlayingList().
Conformity result: Return an array of Order objects, indicating all currently playing Order objects. | +| 84 | | getRemindList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call getRemindList().
Conformity result: Return an array of Order objects, indicating all Order objects that will be played. | +| 85 | | getOrders(type) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call getOrders(type).
Conformity result: Return an array of Order objects, indicating all Order objects of the specified type. | +| 86 | | getOrderByID(orderID) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call getOrderByID(orderID).
Conformity result: Return the Order object with the specified identifier. | +| 87 | | getOrderByEvent(type, eventObj) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call getOrderByEvent(type, eventObj).
Conformity result: Return the Order object, which | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | OrderManager | | corresponds to the specified event, or returns NULL. | +| 88 | | getConflictOrders() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call getConflictOrders().
Conformity result: Return an array of Order objects, which is a list of all orders with conflicts. | +| 89 | | getDelMarkedList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call getDelMarkedList().
Conformity result: Return an array of Order objects, which is a list of all Orders with deletion marks. | +| 90 | | deleteOrder(orderObj) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call deleteOrder(orderObj).
Conformity result: Return an integer, indicating to delete the specified Order object, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion. | +| 91 | | deleteAll() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call deleteAll().
Conformity result: Return an integer, indicating to delete all Order objects, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion. | +| 92 | | deleteAllDelMarked() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call deleteAllDelMarked().
Conformity result: Return an integer, indicating to delete all Order objects marked for deletion, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion. | +| 93 | | delConflictOrders() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call delConflictOrders().
Conformity result: Return an integer, indicating to delete all conflicting Order objects, where 1 indicates successful deletion and 0 indicates failed deletion. | +| 94 | | save() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | OrderManager | | Test method: Call save().
Conformity result: No return, save RAM data to NVM. | +| 95 | | restore() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create OrderManager object.
Test method: Call restore().
Conformity result: Return an integer indicating that the data in NVM is recovered into RAM, where 1 indicates successful recovery and 0 indicates recovery failure. | +| 96 | Order | orderID | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Order object.
Test method: Read the orderID.
Conformity result: Return integer, read successfully, indicating the identifier of the reserved program. | +| 97 | | channelObj | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Order object.
Test method: Read channelObj.
Conformity result: Channel object, read successfully, indicating the channel corresponding to the current reserved program. | +| 98 | | deleteFlag | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Order object.
Test method: Read and write deleteFlag.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read and write successfully, indicating the the deletion of a marker, where 0 indicates no marker and 1 indicates a marker. | +| 99 | | type | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Order object.
Test method: Read type.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read successfully, indicating the eventObj object type, where 0 indicates ProgramEvent and 1 indicates TimeShiftEvent. | +| 100 | | eventObj | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create Order object.
Test method: Read eventObj.
Conformity result: Read successfully, the type is specified by type, indicating the event object corresponding to the reservation. | +| 101 | SearchManager | getAutoCompleteSearchSession(autoCompleteFiter) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getAutoCompleteSearchSession(autoCompleteFilter).
Conformity result: Return the | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | GlobalSearchSession | | AutoCompleteSearchSession object, matching the search filter with autoCompleteFilter. | +| 102 | | getGlobalSearchSession(globalFilter,sortCriteria) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call GetGlobalSearchSession (globalFilter, sortCriteria).
Conformity result: Return the GlobalSearchSession object, indicating the global callback object, with filters and sorting criteria as globalFilter and sortCriteria respectively. | +| 103 | | getSearchHistory() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getSearchHistory()
Conformity result: Return an array of SearchHistoryItem objects, indicating the history of search records. | +| 104 | | clearSearchHistory() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call clearSearchHistory().
Conformity result: No return, clear all history records. | +| 105 | | pageSize | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully create GlobalSearchSession object.
Test method: Read and write pageSize.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, return the number of results contained per page when searching for results. | +| 106 | | onGlobalSearchStart | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr) and start the search.
Test method: Read and write onGlobalSearchStart.
Conformity result: Return a function pointer, reads or writes successfully, indicating event handling at the beginning of global search session. | +| 107 | | onGlobalSearchStop | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call stopSearch().
Test method: Read and write onGlobalSearchStop.
Conformity result: Return a function pointer, read or write successfully, indicating event handling when global search session stops. | +| 108 | | onGlobalSearchDestroy | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call dispose().
Test method: Read and write onGlobalSearchDestroy.
Conformity result: Return a function pointer, read or write successfully, indicating event handling | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | when global search session is destroyed. | +| 109 | GlobalSearchSession | onGlobalSearchRetrieval | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr) and obtain the search results.
Test method: Read and write onGlobalSearchRetrieval.
Conformity result: Return function pointer, read and write successfully, indicating event handling when the global search session obtains the result. | +| 110 | | onGlobalSearchError | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr) and search for exceptions.
Test method: Read and write onGlobalSearchError.
Conformity results: Return a function pointer, reads or writes successfully, indicating the event handling in the event of an error in the global search session. | +| 111 | | startSearch(searchStr) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call startSearch(searchStr).
Conformity result: No return, initiate global session search and trigger onGlobalSearchStart to notify the start. | +| 112 | | stopSearch() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr).
Test method: Call stopSearch().
Conformity result: No return, terminate global session search, and trigger onGlobalSearchStop to notify the termination. | +| 113 | | getSearchResultList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Wait for the event to trigger.
Test method: Call getSearchResultList().
Conformity result: Return an array of GlobalSearchResultItem objects, indicating the global search results, or return a length of 0. | +| 114 | | getResultCount() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Wait for the event to trigger.
Test method: Call getResultCount().
Conformity result: Return an integer indicating the length of the search result. | +| 115 | | dispose() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Wait for the event to trigger.
Test method: Call dispose().
Conformity result: No return, destroy the global session object, and trigger the event onGlobalSearchDestroy. | +| 116 | | retrievePage(retrieveDirection) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: retrievePage(retrieveDirection). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: No return, retrieve data from search results and wait for event processing. | +| 117 | | saveRecentSearchQuery() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: saveRecentSearchQuery().
Conformity result: No return, save the latest search result to the history record. | +| 118 | | onAutoCompleteSearchStart | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr) and start the search.
Test method: Read and write onAutoCompleteSearchStart.
Conformity result: Return function pointer, read/write successfully, matching event handling at the beginning of the search session. | +| 119 | | onAutoCompleteSearchStop | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call stopSearch().
Test method: Read and write onAutoCompleteSearchStop.
Conformity result: Return function pointer, read/write successfully, matching event handling when the search session stops. | +| 120 | | onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call dispose().
Test method: Read and write onAutoCompleteSearchDestroy.
Conformity result: Return function pointer, read/write successfully, matching event handling when search session is destroyed. | +| 121 | AutoCompleteSearchSession | onAutoCompleteSearchRetrieval | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr) and obtain the search results.
Test method: Read and write onAutoCompleteSearchRetrieval.
Conformity result: Return function pointer, read/write successfully, matching event handling when the search session obtains the result. | +| 122 | | onAutoCompleteSearchError | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr) and search for exceptions.
Test method: Read and write onAutoCompleteSearchError.
Conformity result: Return a pointer to a function, read or write successfully, and match the event handling in case of an error in the search session. | +| 123 | | startSearch(searchStr) | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call startSearch(searchStr). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/
Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | AutoCompleteSearchSession | | Conformity result: No return, start matching session search, and trigger onAutoCompleteSearchStart to notify the start. | +| 124 | | stopSearch() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call startSearch(searchStr).
Test method: Call stopSearch().
Conformity result: No return, terminate matching session search, and trigger onAutoCompleteSearchStop to notify the termination. | +| 125 | | dispose() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Wait for the event to trigger.
Test method: Call dispose().
Conformity result: No return, destroy the matching session object, and triggers onAutoCompleteSearchStop to notify the termination. | +| 126 | | getSearchResultList() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Wait for the event to trigger.
Test method: Call getSearchResultList().
Conformity result: Return a string array that indicates the search results that match the user's input string. | +| 127 | GlobalSearchFilter | GlobalSearchFilter() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Conformity result: Return the GlobalSearchFilter object as constructor. | +| 128 | | source | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write source.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating search source, which defaults to Source Type ALL. | +| 129 | | contentType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write contentType.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating content type, which defaults to SearchContentType ALL. | +| 130 | | contentNibble | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write contentNibble.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating the classification of filtered programs. | +| 131 | | searchField | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter(). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/
Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | GlobalSearchFilter | | Test method: Read and write searchField.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating search field, which defaults to SearchFields.ALL_STRING_FIELDS. | +| 132 | | searchLanauage | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write searchLanguage.
Conformity result: Return String type, read and write successfully, indicating the system language, which defaults to "zho". | +| 133 | | criteriaFlags | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write criteriaFlags.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating filtering conditions. | +| 134 | | maxResults | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write maxResults.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating the maximum number of results, which defaults to GlobalSearchFilter.DEFAULT_MAX_GLOBAL_SEARCH_RESULTS. | +| 135 | | threshold | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read write threshold.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating the threshold for search query results, which defaults to 0. | +| 136 | | timeLimit | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call GlobalSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write timeLimit.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating timeout time, which defaults to 0 in seconds. | +| 137 | AutoCompleteSearchFilter | AutoCompleteSearchFilter() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call AutoCompleteSearchFilter().
Conformity result: Return AutoCompleteSearchFilter object as constructor. | +| 138 | | source | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AutoCompleteSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write source.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating search source, which defaults to Source Type ALL. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 139 | | searchField | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AutoCompleteSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write searchField.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successfully, indicating search field, which defaults to SearchFields.ALL_STRING_FIELDS. | +| 140 | | searchLanauage | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AutoCompleteSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write searchLanguage.
Conformity result: Return string type, read and write successfully, indicating the system language which defaults to "zho". | +| 141 | | maxResults | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AutoCompleteSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write maxResults.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read or write successfully, indicating the maximum number of results, which defaults to AutoCompleteSearchFilter.DEFAULT_MAX_AUTO_COMPLETE_SEARCH_RESULTS. | +| 142 | | timeLimit | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Call AutoCompleteSearchFilter().
Test method: Read and write timeLimit.
Conformity result: Return an integer, read or write successfully, indicating the timeout period, which defaults to 0 and is in seconds. | +| 143 | SortCriteria | SortCriteria() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call SortCriteria().
Conformity result: Return SortCriteria object as constructor. | +| 144 | | SortCriteria(field, order) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call SortCriteria(field, order).
Conformity result: Return SortCriteria object as constructor. | +| 145 | | sortOrder | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SortCriteria.
Test method: Read and write sortOrder.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successful, indicating sorting method. | +| 146 | | sortType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SortCriteria.
Test method: Read and write sortType.
Conformity result: Return integer, read/write successful, indicating sorting basis. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 147 | GlobalSearchResultItem | getContent() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build GlobalSearchResultItem.
Test method: Call getContent().
Conformity result: Return an object with the object type specified by contentType, which can be a DvbEvent object or a PVRevent object. | +| 148 | | contentType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build GlobalSearchResultItem.
Test method: Read contentType.
Conformity result: Return integer, read successfully, and can take the values of CONTENT_DVBEVENT or CONTENT_PVREVENT. | +| 149 | SearchHistoryItem | getContentType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SearchHistoryItem.
Test method: Call getContentType().
Conformity result: Return an integer that gets the content type of the history. | +| 150 | | getCriteriaFlags() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SearchHistoryItem.
Test method: Call getCriteriaFlags().
Conformity result: Return an integer that gets the filter operator for the history record. | +| 151 | | getSearchField() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SearchHistoryItem.
Test method: Call getSearchField().
Conformity result: Return an integer that gets the search field for the history record. | +| 152 | | getSearchString() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SearchHistoryItem.
Test method: Call getSearchString().
Conformity result: Return an integer that gets the search keyword string for this history record. | +| 153 | | getSortCriteria() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SearchHistoryItem.
Test method: Call getSortCriteria().
Conformity result: Return an integer that gets the sorting information of the history record. | +| 154 | | getSource() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully build SearchHistoryItem. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call getSource().
Conformity result: Return an integer that gets the search source for the history. | + +### B.11 Conformance test of the broadcast information service management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | DthManager | startServer() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains broadcast information service services, and the system is frequency-locked.
Test method: Call startServer().
Conformity result: The function return value is 0. | +| 2 | | stopServer() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a broadcast information service service, the system is frequency locked and startServer() has been called.
Test method: Call stopServer().
Conformity result: The function return value is 0. | +| 3 | | getADFinishStatus() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains the power-on advertisement service, the system is frequency-locked, and startServer() is called for the first time at power-on.
Test method: Loop call getADFinishStatus().
Conformity result: The return value changes from 0 to 1. | +| 4 | | getAllAds(epgInfoType,serviceid) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The test stream contains the power-on advertisement service, the system is frequency-locked, calls startServer(), and then calls getADFinishStatus() to wait for its return value to change from 0 to 1.
Test method: Call getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) based on the advertising space and the service ID of the current program.
Conformity result: The return value returns the advertisement information of the current advertisement position in the code stream.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The test stream does not include power-on advertisements.
Test method: Call getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) based on the advertising space | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DthManager | | and the service ID of the current program.
Conformity result: The return value does not contain advertising information. | +| 5 | | getOsdXmlFile() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Test stream contains osd text prompt message service, the system is frequency-locked, call startServer().
Test method: Call getOsdXmlFile().
Conformity result: The return value returns the path where the OSD text is stored.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The test stream does not contain OSD text prompt information.
Test method: Call getOsdXmlFile().
Conformity result: The return value returns that the OSD text storage path is empty. | +| 6 | | getOsdInfo(tag) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Test the code stream contains OSD text prompt information service, the system is frequency-locked, and call startServer().
Test method: Select different tag values and call getOsdInfo(tag).
Conformity result: The return value returns the OSD text prompt information corresponding to the tag broadcasted in the test stream.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The test stream does not include OSD text prompt information services.
Test method: Select different tag values and call getOsdInfo(tag).
Conformity result: The return value returns the default OSD text prompt information. | +| 7 | | startAdPCT(transport_stream_id) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains real-time advertising services and calls startServer().
Test method: Call startAdPCT(transport_stream_id) based on the current programm's tsid.
Conformity result: Return value returns 0. | +| 8 | | stopEMBDAction() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The test stream contains the emergency broadcast trigger service, call startServer(), at which time the DTH_EVENT_EMBD_TRIG message should be continuously reported.
Test method: Call stopEMBDAction(). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DthManager | | Conformity result: No more DTH_EVENT_EMBD_TRIG messages are received.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The test stream contains the emergency broadcast cancel service, call startServer(), at which time the DTH_EVENT_EMBD_CANCEL message should be continuously reported.
Test method: Call stopEMBDAction().
Conformity result: No more DTH_EVENT_EMBD_CANCEL messages are received. | +| 9 | | recordAVBEvent(event_id, event_param) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream includes ratings service and call startServer().
Test method: Call recordAVBEvent(event_id, event_param) based on the viewing type.
Conformity result: The function return value is 0. | +| 10 | | dataBDStart(file_path) | Precondition: The test stream includes information service services and call startServer().
Test method: Call dataBDStart(file_path).
Conformity result: The return value is 0, and the download progress (0-100) can be obtained by calling getDATABDFinishPercent(). | +| 11 | | dataBDStop() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream includes information service services and call startServer().
Test method: Call dataBDStop().
Conformity result: Return value returns 0. | +| 12 | | getDATABDFinishPercent() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The test stream includes information service services, call startServer(), and call dataBDStart(file_path).
Test method: Loop call getDATABDFinishPercent().
Conformity result: The return value ranges from 0 to 100.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The test stream does not include information services.
Test method: Loop call getDATABDFinishPercent().
Conformity result: The return value of the | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 13 | DthManager | getDataBDXmlFileData(file_name) | function remains constant at 0.
Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The test stream includes information service services, call startServer(), and call dataBDStart(file_path).
Test method: Call getDataBDXmlFileData (filename).
Conformity result: Return text information of the information service.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The test stream does not include information service services.
Test method: Call getDataBDXmlFileData (filename).
Conformity result: The return information service text information is null. | +| 14 | | GPRSTransmit(conn_type, addr, port, data, timeout, retry_count) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: USB is inserted into GPRS module, GPRS module is inserted into SIM card.
Test method: Select the correct IP address and port, call GPRSTransmit(conn_type, addr, port, data, timeout, retry_count) to send test data.
Conformity result: A DTH_EVENT_GPRS_SEND_STATUS message is received with a carry parameter of 1 to indicate successful transmission.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: USB is inserted into GPRS module, GPRS module not be inserted into SIM card.
Test method: Select the wrong IP address and port, call GPRSTransmit(conn_type, addr, port, data, timeout, retry_count) to send test data.
Conformity result: A DTH_EVENT_GPRS_SEND_STATUS message is received with a carry parameter of 0 to indicate a transmission failure. | +| 15 | | getGPRSStatus() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: USB is inserted into GPRS module, GPRS module is inserted into SIM card.
Test method: Call getGPRSStatus().
Conformity result: Receive DTH_EVENT_GPRS STATUS message with parameter 0 to indicate that GPRS is working properly. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | DthManager | | Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: USB is inserted into GPRS module, GPRS module not be inserted into SIM card.
Test method: Call getGPRSStatus().
Conformity result: Receive DTH_EVENT_GPRS STATUS message with parameter non-zero to indicate abnormal GPRS operation. | +| 16 | | getGprsBaseStationInfo() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: USB is inserted into GPRS module
Test method: Call getGprsBaseStationInfo().
Conformity result: A DTH_EVENT_GPRS_BASE_STATION message is received with a parameter carrying base station information whose value is not null.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: USB is not inserted into GPRS module.
Test method: Call getGprsBaseStationInfo().
Conformity result: Receive DTH_EVENT_GPRS BASE_STATION message with parameter carrying base station information whose value is not null. | +| 17 | | SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains programme update descriptors and call startServer().
Test method: Call SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion ().
Conformity result: The return value is 0. | +| 18 | | GetBouquetId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream broadcast packet contains the code stream for the bouquet id service.
Test method: Call GetBouquetId().
Conformity result: Return the value of the bouquet id currently being broadcast by the system. | +| 19 | | SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains programme update descriptors and calls startServer().
Test method: Call SaveNITServiceUpdateVersion ().
Conformity result: The return value is 0. | +| 20 | | dataBDdeleteFiles() | Conformity requirements: | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Precondition: The test stream includes information services and can be downloaded normally.

Test method: Call dataBDdeleteFiles().

Conformity result: Delete the downloaded information service file.

| +| 21 | Ad | adPath |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.

Test method: Get the adPath property.

Conformity result: Get the path where the advertisement is located.

| +| 22 | | startDate |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.

Test method: Get the startDate property.

Conformity result: Get the start date required by the advertisement.

| +| 23 | | startTime |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.

Test method: Get the startTime property.

Conformity result: Get the start time required by the advertisement.

| +| 24 | | endDate |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.

Test method: Get the endDate property.

Conformity result: Get the end date required by the advertisement.

| +| 25 | | endTime |

Conformity requirements:

Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Ad | | getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.
Test method: Get the endTime property.
Conformity result: Get the end date required by the advertisement. | +| 26 | | duration | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.
Test method: Get the duration attribute.
Conformity result: Get the duration of display required by the advertisement (in seconds). | +| 27 | | tableExtId | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.
Test method: Get the tableExtId attribute.
Conformity result: Get the extension ID required by the advertisement (when multiple advertisements are received, display the advertisement images in order of size based on this ID). | +| 28 | | getAllAdServices() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object.
Test method: Call getAllAdServices().
Conformity result: Get the AdService array that currently contains the advertisement. | +| 29 | AdService | onId | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceid) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object, and call getAllAdServices() to obtain the AdService object.
Test method: Get the onId attribute. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 30 | AdService | tdId | Conformity result: Get the current tdId.
Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceId) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object, and call getAllAdServices() to obtain the AdService object.
Test method: Get the tdId attribute.
Conformity result: Get the current tdId. | +| 31 | | serviceId | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceId) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object, and call getAllAdServices() to obtain the AdService object.
Test method: Get the serviceId attribute.
Conformity result: Get the current serviceId. | +| 32 | | associateType | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The test stream contains a power-on advertisement and can be downloaded normally. Call the getAllAds(epgInfoType, serviceId) function based on the advertising location to obtain the advertising object, and call getAllAdServices() to obtain the AdService object.
Test method: Get the associateType attribute.
Conformity result: Get the current associated type. | + +### B.12 Conformance test of multi-screen interactive unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | | startMultiScreenServer(String spName, String spDeviceType, String spServiceInfo, String spVersion, String ipAddress, int port, String hostname) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The device and server are connected to the same local area network.
Test method: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method and input valid parameters to start the multi screen interactive component server.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) SpName represents the server name, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MultiScreen | startMultiScreenServer(String spName, String spDeviceType, String spServiceInfo, String spVersion, String ipAddress, int port, String hostname) | length
b) SpVersion represents the server_side version, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
c) SpDeviceType represents the type of server_side device, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
d) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
e) SpServiceInfo represents server_side service information, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
f) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
g) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The device and server are connected to the same local area network.
Test method: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code. | +| 2 | | stopMultiScreenServer() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the startMultiScreenServer() method to successfully start the multi screen interactive component server.
Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The multi screen interactive component server has not been started.
Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code. | +| 3 | | startMultiScreenClient(String clientName) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The device and client are already connected to the same local area network.
Test method: Call the startMultiScreenClient() method and input valid parameters to start the multi screen interactive component client.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
1) ClientName: indicates the client name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length.
Conformity result: The method returns OK. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MultiScreen | | Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The device and client are already connected to the same local area network.
Test method: Call the startMultiScreenClient() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code. | +| 4 | | stopMultiScreenClient() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Call the startMultiScreenClient() method to successfully start the multi screen interactive component client.
Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenClient() method.
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The multi screen interactive component client is not ,successfully start.
Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenClient() method.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code. | +| 5 | | findSPs() | Conformity requirement:
Precondition: The service component device is connected to the same local area network as the server and client, and the service component device can be discovered.
Test method: Call the findSPs() method.
Conformity result: The method returns OK. | +| 6 | | connect(String spName, String spDeviceType, String spServiceInfo, String spVersion, String ipAddress, int port, String hostname) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: LAN server devices can be discovered.
Test method: Call the connect() method and input valid parameters.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) SpName represents the server name, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
b) SpVersion represents the server-side version, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
c) SpServiceInfo represents server-side service information, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
d) SpDeviceType represents the type of server-side device, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
e) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
f) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535 | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MultiScreen | |

g) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: LAN server devices cannot be discovered.
Test method: Call the connect() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: LAN server devices can be discovered.
Test method: Call the connect() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 7 | |

queryInfo(String ipAddress, int port, String hostname, String cmdid, String attribute, String params)

|

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().
Test method: The client calls the queryInfo() method and inputs valid parameters.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:

  • a) CMDID represents the instruction ID for requesting information, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • b) Attribute represents the instruction name for requesting information, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
  • c) Params represents the instruction parameters for requesting information, with sizes ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
  • d) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
  • e) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
  • f) Hostname: The device host name, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length

Conformity result: The method returns OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have not established a connection.
Test method: The client calls the queryInfo() method and inputs valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MultiScreen | |

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().
Test method: The client calls the queryInfo() method and inputs invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 8 | | execCmd(String ipAddress, int port, String hostname, String cmd, String param) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().
Test method: The client calls the execCmd() method and inputs valid parameters.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) Cmd represents key commands, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
b) Param represents the parameter attached to the key command, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
c) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address
d) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535
e) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have not established a connection.
Test method: The client calls the execCmd() method and inputs valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client and server have established a connection through connect().
Test method: The client calls the execCmd() method and inputs invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 9 | | inputKeyCode(String ipAddress, int port, String hostname, String action, String param) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The multi screen interactive client successfully calls the execCmd() method, and the server successfully inputs the instruction receiving state.
Test method: The client calls the

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MultiScreen | |

inputKeyCode() method and inputs valid parameters.
The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) Action represents a key command, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length.
b) Param represents the parameter attached to the key command, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length.
c) IpAddress represents the device's IP address, with a size of 32-bit IPv4 address.
d) Port represents the device port number, ranging from 0 to 65535.
e) Hostname represents the device host name, with a size ranging from 1 to 20000 characters in length.
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The server fails to successfully enter the instruction receiving state.
Test method: The client calls the inputKeyCode() method and inputs valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The multi screen interactive client successfully calls the execCmd() method, and the server successfully inputs the instruction receiving state.
Test method: The client calls the inputKeyCode() method and inputs invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 10 | | boardCastAllDevice(String cmd, String param) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The client and server of the local area network have successfully connected.
Test method: The multi screen interactive component server calls the boardCastAllDevice() method and inputs valid parameters. The validity of the parameters is as follows:
a) Cmd represents a broadcast instruction, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
b) Param represents the parameter attached to the broadcast command, with a size of 1-20000 characters in length
Conformity result: The method returns OK.
Conformity requirement 2:

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | MultiScreen | |

Precondition: The client and server of the local area network are not connected.

Test method: The multi screen interactive component server calls the boardCastAllDevice() method and inputs valid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: The client and server of the local area network have successfully connected.

Test method: The multi screen interactive component server calls the boardCastAllDevice() method and inputs invalid parameters.

Conformity result: The method returns a non OK error code.

| +| 11 | EventHandler | onSpFounded() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive component service can be discovered through the findSPs() method, the service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.

Test method: Call the findSp() method.

Conformity result: onSpFounded() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: If the local area network is unable to discover the multi screen interactive component service, the service will start and create an EventHandler object instance. Register the callback instance through Event.

Test method: Call the findSp() method.

Conformity result: The onSpFounded() method in the instance is not called.

| +| 12 | | onConnected() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive component service can be connected through the connect() method, and currently is in an unconnected state. The service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, which is registered through the Event callback instance.

Test method: Call the connect() method.

Conformity result: onConnected() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive component service cannot be connected, the service starts and creates an

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EventHandler | | EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the connect() method.
Conformity result: onConnected() in the instance is not called. | +| 13 | | onConnectRefused() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The local area network multi screen interactive service component is currently in a rejected connection state. The service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, which is registered through the Event callback instance.
Test method: Call the connect() method.
Conformity result: onConnectRefused() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive service component can connect and is currently in an unconnected state. The service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the connect() method.
Conformity result: onConnectRefused() is not called in the instance. | +| 14 | | onDisconnected() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive service component can be disconnected, and currently is in a connected state, the service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the connect() method.
Conformity result: onDisconnected() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The local area network multi screen interactive service component is currently in an unconnected state, the service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the connect() method.
Conformity result: onDisconnected() is not called in the instance. | +| 15 | | onServiceActivated() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive component service can be connected through the connect() method, and currently is in an unconnected state. The | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | EventHandler | |

service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, which is registered through the Event callback instance.

Test method: Call the connect() method.

Conformity result: onServiceActivated() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive component service cannot be connected, the service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.

Test method: Call the connect() method.

Conformity result: onServiceActivated() is not called in the instance.

| +| 16 | | onServiceDeactivated() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The multi screen interactive service on the local area network can be turned off and is currently in a startup state; Create an EventHandler object instance and register the callback instance through Event.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.

Conformity result: onServiceDeactivated() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive service is currently in an inactive state; Create an EventHandler object instance and register the callback instance through Event.

Test method: Call the stopMultiScreenServer() method.

Conformity result: onServiceDeactivated() is not called in the instance.

| +| 17 | | onQueryInfo() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive component service is connected to the client, the service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.

Test method: Call the queryInfo() method.

Conformity result: onQueryInfo() is called in the instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: If the LAN multi screen interactive component service is not connected to the client, the service will start and create an EventHandler object instance. Register the callback instance through Event.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|-------------------|------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 18 | EventHandl
er | | Test method: Call the queryInfo() method.
Conformity result: onQueryInfo() is not called in the instance. | +| | | onQueryResponse() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive server can respond to client data requests, start the service, create an EventHandler object instance, and register the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the queryResult() method.
Conformity result: onQueryResponse() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive server cannot respond to client data requests. The service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the queryResult() method.
Conformity result: onQueryResponse() is not called in the instance. | +| 19 | | onExecute() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client can send instructions to the server to execute requests, and is currently in a connected state, the service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the execCmd() method.
Conformity result: onExecute() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client is not connected to the server, and the server cannot receive command execution requests. The service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the execCmd() method.
Conformity result: onExecute() is not called in the instance. | +| 20 | | onInputKeyCode() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client can send button injection execution requests to the server, start the service and create an EventHandler object instance, and register the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the inputkeyCode() method.
Conformity result: onInputKeyCode() is called | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client is not connected to the server, and the server cannot receive button injection execution requests. The service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, which is registered through Event.
Test method: Call the inputkeyCode() method.
Conformity result: onInputKeyCode() is not called in the instance. | +| 21 | | onNotify() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive client can receive broadcast notifications sent by the server, start and create an EventHandler object instance, and register the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the boardCastAllDevice() method.
Conformity result: onNotify() is called in the instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The LAN multi screen interactive server is not connected to the client, and the client cannot receive broadcasts. The service starts and creates an EventHandler object instance, and registers the callback instance through Event.
Test method: Call the boardCastAllDevice() method.
Conformity result: onNotify() is not called in the instance. | + +### B.13 Conformance test of DRM management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | ChinaDrm Manager | ChinaDrm_RegisterApp (DrmSystemID, TAUUID register_commandId, register_pridata, enflag, licensereq_commandId, decrypt_commandId) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The DRM component is working properly.
Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call is successful and returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The DRM component is working properly.
Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method and input | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------------|------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | ChinaDrm Manager | | invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Method returns non_0. | +| 2 | | ChinaDrm_UnRegisterApp() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method and register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_UnRegisterApp() method.
Conformity result: The method call is successful and returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method is not called successfully, DRM APP is not registered successfully.
Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_UnRegisterApp() method.
Conformity result: Method returns non-zero. | +| 3 | | ChinaDrm_SendCommandToTA (commandId, sendData) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method and register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_SendCommandToTA() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call succeeds, returning the TEE processing result in JSON format, describing the processing success.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method and register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_SendCommandToTA() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return the TEE processing result in JSON format, describing the call failure. | +| 4 | | ChinaDrm_SendMessageToPlayer(type,message) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call the ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method and register the DRM APP.
Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_SendMessageToPlayer() method and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The method call is successful and returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call the ChinaDrm_RegisterApp() method and register the DRM APP. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the ChinaDrm_SendMessageToPlayer() method and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Method call fails with a non zero return. | + +### B.14 Conformance test of DCAS management unit interface + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | EPG_DCAS | getActivationStatus() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The terminal has been activated.
Test method: Call getActivationStatus().
Conformity result: Return 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The terminal is not activated.
Test method: Call getActivationStatus().
Conformity result: Return non zero. | +| 2 | | getBeidouInfo() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The terminal has been activated.
Test method: Call getBeidouInfo().
Conformity result: Return Beidou information. | +| 3 | | getCASVersion() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: CA is present.
Test method: Call getCASVersion().
Conformity result: Return the CAS version.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No CA.
Test method: Call getCASVersion().
Conformity result: Return null. | +| 4 | | getCASVendorId() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: CA is present.
Test method: Call getCASVendorId().
Conformity result: Return the CAS vendor ID.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No CA.
Test method: Call getCASVendorId().
Conformity result: Return 0. | +| 5 | | getChipID() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Chipid is present in the chip.
Test method: Call getChipID().
Conformity result: Return CHIPID.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No chip present in the chip.
Test method: Call getChipID().
Conformity result: Return null. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 6 | EPG_DCAS | getHSMID() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: HSM is present.
Test method: Call getHSMID().
Conformity result: Return HSMID.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No HSM.
Test method: Call getHSMID().
Conformity result: Return null. | +| 7 | | getValidPosition() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Activation.
Test method: Call getValidPosition().
Conformity result: Return a valid location.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Not activated.
Test method: Call getValidPosition().
Conformity result: Return null. | +| 8 | | getPersonalBits() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The terminal has PersonalBits.
Test method: Call getPersonalBits().
Conformity result: Return PersonalBits.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The terminal has no PersonalBits.
Test method: Call getPersonalBits().
Conformity result: Return 0. | +| 9 | | getZipCode() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The terminal has set ZipCode.
Test method: Call getZipCode().
Conformity result: Return zipcode.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The terminal has not set ZipCode.
Test method: Call getZipCode().
Conformity result: Return null. | +| 10 | JSDCAS.C
ASDescriptor | getCasId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call CASSession.GetCasDescriptor.
Test method: Call getCasId().
Conformity result: Return CASID. | +| 11 | | getPid() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call CASSession.GetCasDescriptor.
Test method: Call getPid().
Conformity result: Return PID. | +| 12 | | getPrivateData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | CASSession.GetCasDescriptor.
Test method: Call getPrivateData().
Conformity result: Return CA private data. | +| 13 | JSDCAS.C
ASEcmEvent | getEcmData() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The platform calls onEcmEvent, and DCAS obtains the ECM event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getEcmData().
Conformity result: Return ECM data.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The platform calls onEcmEvent and passes a null ECM event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getEcmData().
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 14 | | getError() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onEcmEvent, and DCAS obtains a null ECM event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getError().
Conformity result: Return the error value of the filter. | +| 15 | | getTableId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onEcmEvent, and DCAS obtains the ECM event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getTableId().
Conformity result: Return tableID. | +| 16 | | isTimeout() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DCAS calls enableDescramblingRequests with a set timeout duration, DCAS calls onEcmEvent, but no ECM data is obtained during the timeout.
Test method: DCAS calls isTimeout().
Conformity result: Return true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Preconditions: DCAS calls enableDescramblingRequests with a set timeout, DCAS calls onEcmEvent, and other errors do not receive ECM data.
Test method: DCAS calls isTimeout().
Conformity result: Return false. | +| 17 | JSDCAS.C
ASEmmEvent | getEmmData() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The platform calls onInBandEmmEvent, and DCAS obtains the EMM event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getEmmData().
Conformity result: Return EMM data.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The platform calls onInBandEmmEvent and passes a null EMM | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getEmmData().
Conformity result: Return NULL. | +| 18 | | getError() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onInBandEmmEvent, and DCAS obtains a null EMM event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getError().
Conformity result: Return the error value of the filter. | +| 19 | JSDCAS.C
ASEmmEvent | getTableId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onInBandEmmEvent, and DCAS obtains the EMM event object.
Test method: DCAS calls getTableId().
Conformity result: Return tableID. | +| 20 | | isCatUpdateNotification() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The platform calls onInBandEmmEvent, DCAS obtains a null EMM event object, and CAT updates result in null.
Test method: DCAS calls isCatUpdateNotification().
Conformity result: Return true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The platform calls onInBandEmmEvent, DCAS obtains a null EMM event object, which is caused by an internal error.
Test method: DCAS calls isCatUpdateNotification().
Conformity result: Return false. | +| 21 | JSDCAS.C
ASFilter | getBitmapMask() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DCAS calls startCasPacketLoading, and the platform obtains the CASFilter object.
Test method: Platform calls getBitmapMask().
Conformity result: Return the filter mask.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The platform calls startInbandLoading to obtain the CASFilter object.
Test method: Platform calls getBitmapMask().
Conformity result: Return the filter mask. | +| 22 | | getBitmapValue() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The platform calls startCasPacketLoading to obtain the CASFilter object.
Test method: The platform calls | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | JSDCAS.C
ASFilter | | getBitmapValue().
Conformity result: Return the bitmap value.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The platform calls startInbandLoading to obtain the CASFilter object.
Test method: The platform calls getBitmapValue().
Conformity result: Return the bitmap value. | +| 23 | | getOffset() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The platform calls startCasPacketLoading to obtain the CASFilter object.
Test method: Platform calls getOffset().
Conformity result: Return offset.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The platform calls startInbandLoading to obtain the CASFilter object.
Test method: Platform calls getOffset().
Conformity result: Return offset. | +| 24 | JSDCAS.C
ASM | getCASModuleManager() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getCASModuleManager().
Conformity result: Return the CASModuleManager object. | +| 25 | | getTeeController() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call getTeeController().
Conformity result: Return the TeeController object. | +| 26 | JSDCAS.C
ASModule | getCasId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully register RegisterCASModule(), the platform obtains CASModule.
Test method: Call getCasId().
Conformity result: Return CASID. | +| 27 | | onCasPacketEvent(casPacketEvent) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS successfully calls startCasPacketLoading(), and the platform receives the CAS packet.
Test method: Call onCasPacketEvent().
Conformity result: The platform provides the data to DCAS. | +| 28 | | onEcmEvent(casSession,ecmEvent) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS successfully calls startEcmLoading, and the platform receives a new ECM package. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 29 | JSDCAS.C ASModule | | Test method: Call onEcmEvent().
Conformity result: The platform provides ECM related information to DCAS. | +| | | onInbandEmmEvent(casSessionForEMM,emmEvent) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS successfully calls startInbandEmmLoading, and the platform receives a new EMM package.
Test method: Platform calls onInbandEmmEvent().
Conformity result: The platform provides EMM related information to DCAS. | +| | | onStartDescrambling(casSession, firstEcmEvent) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: After Successfully call enableDescramblingRequests(), the platform receives the ECM package.
Test method: Call onStartDescrambling().
Conformity result: The platform sends the received ECM to DCAS. | +| | | onStopDescrambling(casSession) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Successfully call onStartDescrambling().
Test method: Call onStopDescrambling().
Conformity result: The platform notifies DCAS to stop descrambling. | +| 32 | JSDCAS.C ASModule Manager | disableDescramblingRequests(casModule) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call enableDescramblingRequests.
Test method: Call disableDescramblingRequests() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Registration is successful, return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call enableDescramblingRequests.
Test method: Call disableDescramblingRequests() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call enableDescramblingRequests, underlying driver error.
Test method: Call disableDescramblingRequests() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER. | +| 33 | JSDCAS.CASModule Manager | enableDescramblingRequests(casModule,firstEcmTimeout,autoLoadFirstEcm,isFastMode,ecmTableIds) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call enableDescramblingRequests() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call enableDescramblingRequests() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule(), underlying driver error.
Test method: Call enableDescramblingRequests() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call enableDescramblingRequests(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.

| +| 34 | | fetchDataFromCasHeadend(casModule,inputData,casHeURI) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call fetchDataFromCasHeadend() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call fetchDataFromCasHeadend() and input invalid

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | JSDCAS.C
ASModule
Manager | | parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule(), underlying driver error.
Test method: Call fetchDataFromCasHeadend() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.
Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call fetchDataFromCasHeadend(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.
Conformity requirement 5:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call fetchDataFromCasHeadend(), with network error.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_NETWORK. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 35 | | registerCASModule(vendorId,ca sModule,networkPriority,applicationContext) |

Precondition: getCasId() has been implemented, and DCASAPP has permission.
Test method: Call registerCASModule() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Registration is successful, and return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: getCasId() has been implemented, and DCASAPP has permission.
Test method: Call registerCASModule() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: getCasId() is implemented, DCASAPP has no permissions.
Test method: Call registerCASModule() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_SECURITY.

| +| 36 | | removeCASModule(vendorId,ca sModule,applicationContext) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DCASAPP has permission.
Test method: Call removeCASModule() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DCASAPP has permission.
Test method: Call removeCASModule() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: DCASAPP has no permissions.
Test method: Call removeCASModule() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_SECURITY.
Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: DCASAPP has permission, underlying driver error.
Test method: Call removeCASModule() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 37 | | sendCommandToSTB(casModule,inputData) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendCommandToSTB() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendCommandToSTB() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule(), underlying driver error.
Test method: Call sendCommandToSTB() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendCommandToSTB(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.

Conformity requirement 5:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendDataToHeadend(),with network error.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_NETWORK.

| +| 38 | | sendDataToHeadend(casModule, inputData) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendDataToHeadend() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendDataToHeadend() and input invalid parameters.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 39 | | |

Conformity result:
Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule(), underlying driver error.
Test method: Call sendDataToHeadend() and input valid parameters.

Conformity result:
Return: ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendDataToHeadend(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.

Conformity result:
Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.

Conformity requirement 5:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendDataToHeadend(), with network error.

Conformity result:
Return ACTION_ERROR_NETWORK.

| +| | | |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call onStartDescrambling().
Test method: Call sendDescramblingEvent() and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call onStartDescrambling().
Test method: Call sendDescramblingEvent() and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call onStartDescrambling().
Test method: Call sendDescramblingEvent(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.

| + +sendDescramblingEvent(casModule, casSession, casStatus) + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED. | +| 40 | | sendFreeTextOSD(casModule, inputData, flags) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendFreeTextOSD() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendFreeTextOSD() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call sendFreeTextOSD(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.

| +| 41 | | setCCIBits(casModule, casSession, cciBits) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setCCIBits() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setCCIBits() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setCCIBits() resulted in underlying driver error.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Successfully call

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setCCIBits(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED. | +| 42 | | setData(casModule, propertyId, propertyType, propertyValue) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setData() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setData() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setData(), the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED. | +| 43 | | setPinCode(casModule, pinCode) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setPinCode() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setPinCode() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setPinCode(), underlying driver error.
Conformity result: Return | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 44 | | | ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.
Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setPinCode(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED. | +| | | setServiceListFilter(casModule,filterData) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setServiceListFilter() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setServiceListFilter() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call setServiceListFilter(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED. | +| 45 | | startCasPacketLoading(casModule,cableModemFilter,sourceURL,casFilter) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call startCasPacketLoading() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().
Test method: Call startCasPacketLoading() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule(). | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Test method: Call startCasPacketLoading(), underlying driver error.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

Conformity requirement 4:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().

Test method: Call startCasPacketLoading(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.

| +| 46 | | startEcmLoading(casModule,cas Session) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call onStartDescrambling().

Test method: Call startEcmLoading() and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call onStartDescrambling().

Test method: Call startEcmLoading() and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call onStartDescrambling().

Test method: Call startEcmLoading(), underlying driver error.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

| +| 47 | | startInbandEmmLoading(casModule,emmTableIds,casFilter,includeCatNotifications) |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().

Test method: Call startInbandEmmLoading() and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().

Test method: Call startInbandEmmLoading() and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

registerCASModule().

Test method: Call startInbandEmmLoading(), underlying driver error.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

Conformity requirement 4:

Precondition: Successfully call registerCASModule().

Test method: Call startInbandEmmLoading(), and the input parameter command is not within the defined range.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_ACTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.

| +| 48 | | stopCasPacketLoading(casModule,cableModemFilter,sourceURL) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Successfully call startCasPacketLoading().

Test method: Call stopCasPacketLoading() and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Successfully call startCasPacketLoading().

Test method: Call stopCasPacketLoading() and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: Successfully call startCasPacketLoading().

Test method: Call stopCasPacketLoading(), underlying driver error.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER.

| +| 49 | | stopEcmLoading(casModule,casSession) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Successfully call startEcmLoading().

Test method: Call stopEcmLoading() and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Successfully call startEcmLoading().

Test method: Call stopEcmLoading() and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.

| + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-----------------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call startEcmLoading().
Test method: Call stopEcmLoading(), underlying driver error.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER. | +| 50 | | stopInbandEmmLoading(casModule) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Successfully call startInbandEmmLoading().
Test method: Call stopInbandEmmLoading() and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_OK.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Successfully call startInbandEmmLoading().
Test method: Call stopInbandEmmLoading() and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETERS.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: Successfully call startInbandEmmLoading().
Test method: Call stopInbandEmmLoading(), underlying driver error.
Conformity result: Return ACTION_ERROR_DRIVER. | +| 51 | JSDCAS.CASPacketEvent | getCableModemFilter() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The platform calls onCasPacketEvent without using Cable mode.
Test method: DCAS calls getCableModemFilter().
Conformity result: Return null.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The platform calls onCasPacketEvent and uses Cable mode.
Test method: DCAS calls getCableModemFilter().
Conformity result: Return TunnerID.
Conformity requirement 3:
Precondition: The platform calls onCasPacketEvent and uses BDSG mode.
Test method: DCAS calls getCableModemFilter().
Conformity result: Return the virtual MAC address. | +| 52 | | getPacketData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Platform calls | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|-------------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | onCasPacketEvent.
Test method: DCAS calls getPacketData().
Conformity result: Return the data in the packet. | +| 53 | | getPacketHeader() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Platform calls onCasPacketEvent.
Test method: DCAS calls getPacketHeader().
Conformity result: Return the header of the packet. | +| 54 | | getSourceURL() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Platform calls onCasPacketEvent.
Test method: DCAS calls getSourceURL().
Conformity result: Return the source address of the packet. | +| 55 | JSDCAS.CASSession | getCasDescriptor() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getCasDescriptor().
Conformity result: Return a CasDescriptor instance. | +| 56 | | getChannelNumber() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getChannelNumber().
Conformity result: Return channel number. | +| 57 | | getNetworkId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getNetworkId().
Conformity result: Return NetworkId. | +| 58 | | GetOperationType() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls GetOperationType().
Conformity result: Return the value of the operation type. | +| 59 | JSDCAS.CASSession | getProgramNumber() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|----------------------|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | JSDCAS.C
ASession | | getProgramNumber().
Conformity result: Return the programme number. | +| 60 | | getServiceIdentifier() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getServiceIdentifier().
Conformity result: Return the service identifier. | +| 61 | | getSessionId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getSessionId().
Conformity result: Return SessionId. | +| 62 | | getStreamPath() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getStreamPath().
Conformity result: Return StreamPath. | +| 63 | | getStreamPIDs() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getStreamPIDs().
Conformity result: Return a list of Stream PIDs. | +| 64 | | getStreamTypes() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getStreamTypes().
Conformity result: Return a list of Stream Types. | +| 65 | | getTransmitterScramblingMode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getTransmitterScramblingMode().
Conformity result: Return scrambling mode. | +| 66 | | getTransportStreamId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASSession object. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: DCAS calls getTransportStreamId().
Conformity result: Return TS ID. | +| 67 | | getTunerId() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The platform calls onStartDescrambling, and DCAS obtains the CASession object.
Test method: DCAS calls getTunerId().
Conformity result: Return the current TunerID. | +| 68 | | getCasToken() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS calls sendDescramblingEvent, and the platform obtains the CASStatus object.
Test method: Platform calls getCasToken().
Conformity result: Return the CAS token. | +| 69 | | getMajorContentProblem() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS calls sendDescramblingEvent, and the platform obtains the CASStatus object.
Test method: The platform calls getMajorContentProblem().
Conformity result: Return the main error that cannot be viewed. | +| 70 | JSDCAS.CASStatus | getStatusData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS calls sendDescramblingEvent, and the platform obtains the CASStatus object.
Test method: Platform calls getStatusData().
Conformity result: Return the extended data of the descrambling state. | +| 71 | JSDCAS.CASStatus | isSuccess() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: DCAS calls sendDescramblingEvent, the platform obtains the CASStatus object, and the programme descrambles normally.
Test method: Platform calls isSuccess().
Conformity result: Return true.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: DCAS calls sendDescramblingEvent, platform obtains CASStatus object, programme descrambling fails.
Test method: Platform calls isSuccess().
Conformity result: Return false. | +| 72 | JSDCAS.TeController | sendCommandToTEE(teeAppUID,commandId,inputData,applicationContext) | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: None.
Test method: DCAS calls sendCommandToTEE() with parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Object | Message/Interface/Attribute | Process description | +|------------|------------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: Return the TeeRetVal object. | +| 73 | JSDCAS.TeeRetVal | getOriginCode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS successfully calls sendCommandToTEE and returns the TeeRetVal object.
Test method: DCAS calls getOriginCode().
Conformity result: Return Origin code. | +| | | getResponseData() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS successfully calls sendCommandToTEE and returns the TeeRetVal object.
Test method: DCAS calls getResponseData().
Conformity result: Get TA return data. | +| | | getReturnCode() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: DCAS successfully calls sendCommandToTEE and returns the TeeRetVal object.
Test method: DCAS calls getReturnCode().
Conformity result: Return the return code. | + +# Annex C + +## Conformance test of hardware abstraction interfaces + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### C.1 Conformance test of specialized hardware abstraction interfaces for media processing + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Aout | aout_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Aout_open has been called to open the audio output module.
Test method: Call the aout_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Aout_open is not called to open the audio output module.
Test method: Call the aout_close function and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 2 | | aout_open() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The system under test contains audio output hardware.
Test method: Call the aout_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, the audio output hardware handle is obtained.

| +| 3 | | *aout_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, the audio output instance has been closed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but no audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_close function and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 4 | | |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Aout | *aout_get_capability() | has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_capability function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the audio output capability of the audio output instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_capability function and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 5 | | *aout_get_channel_mode() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_channel_mode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the audio channel mode.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_channel_mode function and fill in invalid values for the device type input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 6 | | *aout_get_digital_mode() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_digital_mode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns audio output mode.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_digital_mode function and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 7 | | *aout_get_mute() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_mute function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns whether the current tested device is muted.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_mute function and input invalid parameter values.
Conformity result: The function returned an invalid value.

| +| 8 | | *aout_get_volume() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_volume function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the system volume of the current tested device.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_get_volume function and input invalid parameter values.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 9 | | *aout_init() |

Conformity requirements:
Precondition: Get audio output hardware handle.
Test method: Call the aout_init function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, the audio output module completes initialization.

| +| 10 | | *aout_open() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, and the initialization of the audio output module has been completed.
Test method: Call the aout_open function and input valid parameters.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns a handle to an audio output instance.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the initialization of the audio output module has not been completed.
Test method: Call the aout_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 11 | | *aout_set_channel_mode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_channel_mode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, the channel mode is correctly set.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_channel_mode function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 12 | | *aout_set_digital_mode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_digital_mode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, the digital output mode is correctly set.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_digital_mode function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 13 | | *aout_set_mute() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_mute function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Check if it has been muted based on the mute.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_mute function and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 14 | | *aout_set_volume() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_volume function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Check if the system volume has changed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio output instance has not been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_set_volume function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 15 | | *aout_term() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the aout_term function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and all audio output instances are closed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Repeatedly call the aout_term function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successful, returns 0, and all audio output instances are closed. | +| 16 | | *track_create() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the track_create function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter obtains a non empty track output handle.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and an audio output instance has been opened.
Test method: Call the track_create function multiple times and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0. Multiple non empty track output handles are obtained, and multiple tracks are mixed before being output.

| +| 17 | | *track_destroy() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_destroy function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the corresponding audio track output handle is destroyed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_destroy function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 18 | | *track_get_buf_avail() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_buf_avail function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the remaining available cache space size.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_buf_avail function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 19 | | *track_get_latency() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_latency function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and outputs the duration for which the cached audio data can be played.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_latency function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 20 | | *track_get_mix_params() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_mix_params function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the track mixing parameter.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_mix_params function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 21 | | *track_get_params() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_params function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | returns the properties of the current audio track.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_params function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 22 | | *track_set_mix_params() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_set_mix_params function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_set_mix_params function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 23 | | *track_set_params() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_set_params function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_set_params function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 24 | | *track_start() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_start function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successful, returns 0, and the audio starts outputting hardware output from the audio.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_start function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 25 | | *track_stop() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_stop function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the audio stops outputting from the audio hardware.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_stop function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 26 | | *track_flush() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, and a track output handle has been created, and the output of that track has started.
Test method: Call the track_flush function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, the audio output is resumed after clearing the cache.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_flush function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 27 | | *track_set_mute() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_set_mute function | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and complete the setting of whether or not to mute the track.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_set_mute function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 28 | | *track_get_mute() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_mute function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns whether the track is muted. This value needs to be consistent with the setting in the track_set_mute() interface.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_get_mute function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 29 | | *track_set_channel_mode() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_set_channel_mode function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, completes the setting of the channel output mode for the track.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_set_channel_mode function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 30 | | *track_get_channel_mode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_channel_mode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the channel output mode of the track.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_channel_mode function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 31 | | *track_set_weight() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_set_weight function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, indicating the weight of the completed output of the track in the total output.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_set_weight function and take invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 32 | | *track_get_weight() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_weight function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the weight of the output of the track in the total output.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the track_get_weight function and take invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 33 | | *track_get_render_position() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition:
Test method: Call the track_get_render_position function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the the number of frames that have been output for the current track..
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_render_position function and take invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 34 | | *track_get_pts() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_pts function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the current PTS of the track.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_pts function and take invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 35 | | *track_adjust_speed() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_adjust_speed function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and adjusts the playback speed of the current track.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_adjust_speed function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 36 | | *track_write() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_write function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and writes audio data to the current track output handle.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_write function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 37 | | *track_pause() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_pause function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and pauses the output of the current track.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.

Test method: Call the track_pause function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 38 | | *track_resume() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.

Test method: Call the track_resume function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and resumes the output of the current audio track.

Conformity requirement 2:

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_resume function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 39 | | *track_get_default_attr() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained and a track output handle has been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_default_attr function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and gets the default properties of the current track output handle.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The audio output hardware handle has been obtained, but the audio track output handle has not been created.
Test method: Call the track_get_default_attr function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 40 | | av_close() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: av_open has been called to open the audio and video module.
Test method: Call the av_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: No Precondition is set or av_open is not called to open the audio and video module.
Test method: Call the av_close function and input invalid parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 41 | Av | av_open() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The tested system contains audio and video hardware.
Test method: Call the av_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and gets the hardware handle of the audio and video hardware. | +| 42 | | *av_clear_video() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Av | |

handle has been obtained, and an audio and video playback instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_clear_video function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and clears the cached data in the audio and video player.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and no audio and video playback instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_clear_video function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 43 | | *av_create() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle.

Test method: Call the av_create function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the audio and video player instance.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle.

Test method: Call the av_create function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 44 | | *av_decode_iframe() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_decode_iframe function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and decodes one frame of I-frame video data.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.

Test method: Call the av_decode_iframe function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 45 | | *av_destroy() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio and video hardware

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Av | |

handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_destroy function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the player instance is destroyed.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.

Test method: Call the av_destroy function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 46 | | *av_evt_config() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_evt_config function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure the player's event notification callback function.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.

Test method: Call the av_evt_config function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 47 | | *av_freeze_video() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_freeze_video function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call succeeds and returns 0. The audio and video continue to be decoded, but the output is frozen.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.

Test method: Call the av_freeze_video function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 48 | | *av_get_capability() |

Conformity requirement 1:

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Av | |

Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_get_capability function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and returns the ability of the audio and video player as an argument.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.

Test method: Call the av_get_capability function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 49 | | *av_get_config() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_get_config function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and returns the configuration of the audio and video player.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: No audio and video hardware handle is obtained, no audio and video player instance is created.

Test method: Call the av_get_config function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 50 | | *av_get_evt_config() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.

Test method: Call the av_get_evt_config function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and returns the configuration of the event callback function for the audio and video player.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.

Test method: Call the av_get_evt_config function and take invalid values for the input

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Av | | parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 51 | | *av_get_status() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_get_status function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and returns the status of the audio and video player with parameters.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_get_status function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 52 | | *av_init() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle.
Test method: Call the av_init function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the audio and video player is initialized.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle.
Test method: Call the av_init function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 53 | | *av_inject_abort() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_abort function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the injection of data into the player is terminated.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_abort function and take invalid values for the input parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 54 | Av | | Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 55 | | *av_inject_data() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_data function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, injecting audio and video data into the player.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_data function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 56 | | *av_inject_es_data() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_es_data function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, injecting ES audio and video data into the player.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_es_data function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 57 | Av | | Test method: Call the av_inject_get_buf_status function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| | | *av_inject_get_freebuf() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_get_freebuf function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and gets the remaining cache space of the player.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_get_freebuf function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 58 | | *av_inject_reset_buf() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_reset_buf function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and resets the player's current cache space.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_reset_buf function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 59 | | *av_inject_set_es_params() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_set_es_params function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and ES player parameters are set. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 60 | Av | |

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_set_es_params function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| | | *av_inject_set_pcm_params() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_set_pcm_params function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and PCM parameters are set.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_set_pcm_params function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 61 | | *av_inject_write_complete() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_write_complete function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, the data writing is completed, and the player decodes and plays the cached audio and video data.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_write_complete function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 62 | | *av_injecter_attach() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_injecter_attach function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, completes the association between the audio and video player and the audio and video injector.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_injecter_attach function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 63 | | *av_injecter_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_injecter_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the audio and video injector is closed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_injecter_close function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 64 | | *av_injecter_detach() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_injecter_detach function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call succeeds and returns 0, completing the unassociation of the audio/video player and the audio/video injector.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the av_injecter_detach function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 65 | | *av_injecter_open() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_injecter_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns a handle to the audio and video injector.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_injecter_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 66 | | *av_pause_audio() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_pause_audio function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the player's audio playback is paused.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_pause_audio function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 67 | | *av_pause_video() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_pause_video function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the player's video playback is paused.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_pause_video function and take invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 68 | | *av_resume_audio() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_resume_audio function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the player's audio playback is resumed.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_resume_audio function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 69 | | *av_resume_video() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_resume_video function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the player's video playback is resumed.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_resume_video function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 70 | | *av_set_config() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_set_config function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the player's | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | playback parameters.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_set_config function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 71 | | *av_start() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_start function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and playback began.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_start function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 72 | | *av_start_audio() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_start_audio function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and audio playback begins.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_start_audio function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 73 | | *av_start_video() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_start_video function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the video playback | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

begins.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_start_video function and take invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 74 | | *av_stop() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_stop function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and stops playing audio and video.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_stop function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 75 | | *av_stop_audio() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_stop_audio function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and stops audio playback.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_stop_audio function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 76 | | *av_stop_video() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_stop_video function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the video

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | playback stopped.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_stop_video function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 77 | | *av_term() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_term function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the audio and video player is destroyed.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_term function and take invalid values for input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 78 | | *av_pause() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_pause function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and audio and video playback is paused.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_pause function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 79 | | *av_resume() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_resume function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successful and returns 0, resumed audio and video playback.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_resume function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 80 | | *av_reset() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_reset function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the audio and video playback is reset.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_reset function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 81 | | *av_release_iframe() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_release_iframe function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and releases an I frame.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_release_iframe function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 82 | | *av_inject_get_setting() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The audio and video hardware handle has been obtained, and an audio and video player instance has been created.
Test method: Call the av_inject_get_setting function and input valid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the set parameter of the audio and video injector.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get audio and video hardware handle, do not create an audio and video player instance.
Test method: Call the av_inject_get_setting function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 83 | Demux | demux_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The tested system has called demux_close to obtain the demux hardware handle.
Test method: Call the demux_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the demux_close function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 84 | | demux_open() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The tested system contains demux hardware.
Test method: Call the demux_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the demux hardware handle.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the demux_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 85 | | *dmx_avfilter_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A demux hardware handle has been obtained and a filter has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the filter is closed.

Conformity requirement 2:

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Demux | | Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_close function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 86 | | *dmx_avfilter_disable() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_disable function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0 to enable the filter.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , no filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_disable function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 87 | | *dmx_avfilter_enable() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_enable function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and return 0 to enable the filter.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , no filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_enable function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 88 | | *dmx_avfilter_get_esframe() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_get_esframe function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter carries ES data.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_get_esframe function, and take invalid values for the input | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 89 | Demux | *dmx_avfilter_open() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter carries the filtered handle.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 90 | | *dmx_avfilter_release_esframe() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_release_esframe function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and releases one frame of ES data.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no filter is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_avfilter_release_esframe function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 91 | | *dmx_channel_add_filter() | Conformity requirement 1:
Preconditions: Get Demux hardware handle, filter is created, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_add_filter function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, adds a filter to the data channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no filter is created, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_add_filter function, and take invalid values for the input parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 92 | Demux | | Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 93 | | *dmx_channel_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the specified data channel is closed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_close function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 94 | | *dmx_channel_config_callback() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_config_callback function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure the callback function for the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_config_callback function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 95 | Demux | *dmx_channel_destroy_filter() | zero.
Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_destroy_filter function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the filter specific to the data channel is destroyed.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_destroy_filter function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 96 | | *dmx_channel_disable() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_disable function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0 to enable the data channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_disable function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 97 | | *dmx_channel_disable_filter() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_disable_filter function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0 to enable a certain filter of the data channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_disable_filter function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non- | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 98 | Demux | | zero. | +| 99 | | *dmx_channel_enable() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle , data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_enable function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, enables the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_enable function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 100 | | *dmx_channel_enable_filter() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_enable_filter function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure a filter for this data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get Demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_enable_filter function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 101 | | *dmx_channel_get_buf() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_get_buf function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and gets the data of the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_get_buf function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 102 | | *dmx_channel_get_filter() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_get_filter function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the filtering condition of the filter.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_get_filter function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 103 | | *dmx_channel_get_info() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_get_info function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the configuration information of the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_get_info function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 104 | | *dmx_channel_open() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the handle of the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 105 | | *dmx_channel_query() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_query function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and queries whether a certain PID has a data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_query function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 106 | | *dmx_channel_query_filter_by_filter_data() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_query_filter_by_filter_data function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Query whether the filter exists based on the filtering criteria.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_query_filter_by_filter_data function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 107 | | *dmx_channel_query_filter_by_table_id() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_query_filter_by_table_id function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Check if there is a matching filter based on the table ID.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_query_filter_by_table_id function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 108 | | *dmx_channel_register_callback() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_register_callback function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Register a callback function for the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_register_callback function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 109 | | *dmx_channel_release_buf() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_release_buf function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, releases the cache space occupied by the data packet.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_release_buf function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | zero. | +| 110 | | *dmx_channel_reset() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_reset function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, completes the reset of the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_reset_function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 111 | | *dmx_channel_set() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_set function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure the parameters of the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_set function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 112 | | *dmx_channel_set_filter() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_set_filter function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and sets the filtering conditions for the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_set_filter function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 113 | | *dmx_channel_set_pid() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_set_pid function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure the PID of the data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no data channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_channel_set_pid function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 114 | | *dmx_dcas_get_nonce() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_dcas_get_nonce function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the NONCE value.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_dcas_get_nonce function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 115 | | *dmx_dcas_keyladder_config() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_dcas_keyladder_config function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call succeeds, returns 0, and configures the descrambling parameters.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_dcas_keyladder_config function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | zero. | +| 116 | | *dmx_descrambler_associate() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_associate function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and is associated with a certain PID or data channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_associate function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 117 | | *dmx_descrambler_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the specified descrambling channel is closed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_close function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 118 | | *dmx_descrambler_disable() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_disable function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0 to enable the specified descrambling channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_disable function, and take invalid values for the input

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 119 | | *dmx_descrambler_enable() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_enable function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, enables the specified descrambling channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_enable function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 120 | | *dmx_descrambler_get_associate_info() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_get_associate_info function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the channel information associated with the descrambling channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_get_associate_info function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 121 | | *dmx_descrambler_open() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the descrambling channel handle.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 122 | | *dmx_descrambler_open_ex() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_open_ex function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the descrambling channel handle.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_open_ex function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 123 | | *dmx_descrambler_set_even_iv() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_even_iv function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and sets the initial vector corresponding to the even key to the descrambling channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_even_iv function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 124 | | *dmx_descrambler_set_even_key()
( | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_even_key function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the even key is | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | set.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_even_key function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 125 | | *dmx_descrambler_set_odd_iv() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_odd_iv function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and sets the initial vector corresponding to the odd key to the descrambling channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_odd_iv function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 126 | | *dmx_descrambler_set_odd_key()
) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and a descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_odd_key function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and sets an odd key to the descrambling channel.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, no descrambling channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_descrambler_set_odd_key function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 127 | | *dmx_disconnect() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_disconnect function | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the connection between the demux hardware and the data source is disconnected.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.

Test method: Call the dmx_disconnect function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 128 | | *dmx_get_capability() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.

Test method: Call the dmx_get_capability function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the hardware capability of demux.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.

Test method: Call the dmx_get_capability function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 129 | | *dmx_get_descrambler_attribute(
) |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained, and the descrambling channel has been created.

Test method: Call the dmx_get_descrambler_attribute function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the properties of the descrambler.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.

Test method: Call the dmx_get_descrambler_attribute function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 130 | | *dmx_get_source_params() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_get_source_params function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the data source type of the demux hardware handle.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_get_source_params function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 131 | | *dmx_get_status() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_get_status function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the resource status of demux.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_get_status function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 132 | | *dmx_init() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_init function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, completes the demux hardware initialization.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_init function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 133 | | *dmx_pcr_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and the PCR channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_pcr_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the PCR channel is closed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, PCR channel is not created.
Test method: Call the dmx_pcr_close function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 134 | | *dmx_pcr_get() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained and the PCR channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_pcr_get function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, PCR channel is not created.
Test method: Call the dmx_pcr_get function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 135 | | *dmx_pcr_open() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_pcr_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the value of PCR.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_pcr_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 136 | | *dmx_reconnect() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_reconnect function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the connection between demux and the data source is resumed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_reconnect function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 137 | | *dmx_set_descrambler_attribute() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained, and the descrambling channel has been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_set_descrambler_attribute function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the properties of the descrambling channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained, and the descrambling channel has not been created.
Test method: Call the dmx_set_descrambler_attribute function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 138 | | *dmx_set_source_params() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_set_source_params function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the data source for demux.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_set_source_params function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | zero. | +| 139 | | *dmx_term() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_term function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, terminates the demux module, and dmx_init() needs to be called again before it can be resumed to use.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_term function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 140 | | *dmx_tsbuff_create() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_create function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output channel returns a handle to a TS channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_create function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 141 | | *dmx_tsbuff_destroy() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, TS channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_destroy function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and a TS channel handle is destroyed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, TS channel is not created.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_destroy function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 142 | | *dmx_tsbuff_get() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, TS channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_get function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns a TS data.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, TS channel not created.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_get function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 143 | | *dmx_tsbuff_put() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, TS channel is created.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_put function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and returns a TS data to the TS channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: Get demux hardware handle, TS channel not created.
Test method: Call the dmx_tsbuff_put function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 144 | | *dmx_get_streampath_param() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_get_streampath_param function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and returns the channel information corresponding to the stream.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The demux hardware handle has been obtained.
Test method: Call the dmx_get_streampath_param function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 145 | Frontend | frontend_close() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The tested system has Front hardware and has obtained the Front hardware handle.
Test method: Call the frontend_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: Function call succeeds, and returns 0 | +| 146 | | frontend_open() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The tested system has Front hardware.
Test method: Call the frontend_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0 and the hardware handle of the Front.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the frontend_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 147 | | *frontend_abort() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_abort function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and terminates a series of operations on the Front hardware, such as Tuner frequency locking.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_abort function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 148 | | *frontend_atv_fineTune() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_atv_fineTune function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and adjusts the frequency of the Tuner.
Conformity requirement 2: | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Frontend | |

Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.

Test method: Call the frontend_atv_fineTune function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 149 | | *frontend_atv_get_lock_status() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.

Test method: Call the frontend_atv_get_lock_status function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the frequency locking situation of the Tuner.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.

Test method: Call the frontend_atv_get_lock_status function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 150 | | *frontend_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.

Test method: Call the frontend_close function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and closes an instance of Front.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.

Test method: Call the frontend_close function and take invalid values for the input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 151 | | *frontend_config_callback() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.

Test method: Call the frontend_config_callback

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Frontend | | function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure the callback function for the Front instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_config_callback function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 152 | | *frontend_config_channel() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_config_channel function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure the properties of the Front.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_config_channel function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 153 | | *frontend_get_atvsignalinfo() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_atvsignalinfo function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns signal information.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_atvsignalinfo function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 154 | Frontend | *frontend_get_bert() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_bert function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the error rate.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_bert function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 155 | | *frontend_get_capability() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_capability function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call succeeds, returns 0, and the output parameter returns Frontend's capabilities.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_capability function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 156 | | *frontend_get_channel_info() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_channel_info function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the channel capability of Front.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Frontend | | Test method: Call the frontend_get_channel_info function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 157 | | *frontend_get_channel_num() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_channel_num function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the number of channels supported by the Front.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_channel_num function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 158 | | *frontend_get_connect_status() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_connect_status function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the frequency lock information.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_connect_status function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 159 | | *frontend_get_info() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_info function and input valid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|---------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Frontend | |

Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns information from Front.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_info function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 160 | | *frontend_get_lnb_pwr_status() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_lnb_pwr_status function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the power supply status of the high-frequency head.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_lnb_pwr_status function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 161 | | *frontend_get_scan_info() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_scan_info function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the current scanned state.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_scan_info function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 162 | Frontend | *frontend_get_signal_quality() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_signal_quality function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the current signal quality.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_signal_quality function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 163 | | *frontend_get_signal_strength() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_signal_strength function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the current signal strength.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_get_signal_strength function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 164 | | *frontend_init() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Front hardware handle.
Test method: Call the frontend_init function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0, completes the initialization of the Front hardware.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_init function and

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|----------|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 165 | Frontend | | take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 166 | | *frontend_lock() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_lock function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and frequency locking is completed.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_lock function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 167 | | *frontend_open() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: Get Front hardware handle.
Test method: Call the frontend_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and the output parameter returns the created Front instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_open function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | frontend_register_callback function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 168 | | *frontend_sat_config_lnb() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_sat_config_lnb function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and the high-frequency header is set.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_sat_config_lnb function, and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 169 | | *frontend_start_scan() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_start_scan function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, and returns 0, and scanning begins.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_start_scan function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 170 | | *frontend_term() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has been obtained and a Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_term function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful, returns 0, and an instance of Front is destroyed.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: The Front hardware handle has | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | been obtained, but no Front instance has been created.
Test method: Call the frontend_term function and take invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 171 | System | system_close() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module.
Test method: Call the system_close function, and transfer the pstDevice parameter effectively.
Conformity result: The function returns a success of 0. | +| 172 | | system_open() | Conformity requirements:
Precondition: The system module is not opened by calling system open.
Test method: Call the system_open function, and both the pstModule and ppstDevice parameters are valid.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The output module handle is valid. | +| 173 | | *system_get_chip_id() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.
Test method: Call the system_get_chip_id function, and the parameters pstDev/pstChipId are all valid.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The content of pstChipId is correct.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function is not called to initialize the module.
Test method: Call the system_get_chip_id function, and the parameters pstDev/pstChipId are all valid.
Conformity result: The function call fails and returns ERROR_NOT_INITED. | +| 174 | | *system_init() | Compliance requirement 1:
Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module.
Test method: Call the system_init function, and the parameters pstDev/pstInitParams are valid.
Compliance result: The function call is successful and returns 0.
Compliance requirement 2: | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | System | |

Prerequisite: System_open has been called to open the system module.

Test method: Call the system_init function twice, and the parameters pstDev/pstInitParams are both valid.

Compliance result: Both function calls are successful and return 0.

| +| 175 | | *system_switch_standby() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_switch_standby function, and the parameters pstDev/pstPara/pstWakeupInfo are all valid.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function is not called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_switch_standby function, and the parameters pstDev/pstPara/pstWakeupInfo are all valid.

Conformity result: The function call fails and returns ERROR_NOT_INITED.

Conformity requirement 3:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_switch_standby function, with valid parameters pstDev/pstWakeupInfo and a null parameter pstPara.

Conformity result: The Function call fails, and returns ERROR_INVALID_PARAM.

Conformity requirement 4:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_switch_standby function, with valid parameters pstDev/pstPara and a null parameter pstWakeupInfo.

Conformity result: The Function call fails, and returns ERROR_INVALID_PARAM.

| +| 176 | | *system_sys_halt() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_sys_halt function, the parameter pstDev is valid, and the parameter

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | System | |

u32TimeMs is 3000.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The system will automatically shut down after 3 seconds.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function is not called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_sys_halt function, the parameter pstDev is valid, and the parameter u32TimeMs is 3000.

Conformity result: The function call fails and returns ERROR_NOT_INITED.

| +| 177 | | *system_sys_reboot() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_sys_reboot function, with valid parameter pstDev and parameter u32TimeMs of 3000.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The system will automatically restart after 3 seconds.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function is not called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_sys_reboot function, with valid parameter pstDev and parameter u32TimeMs of 3000.

Conformity result: The function call failed and returned ERROR_NOT_INITED.

| +| 178 | | *system_term() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_term function, and the parameters pstDev/pstTermParams are both valid.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: System_open has been called to open the system module. The system init function has been called to initialize the module.

Test method: Call the system_term function, the parameter pstDev is valid, and the parameter pstTermParams is NULL.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 179 | Vout | vout_close() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_close function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Close the video output hardware handle.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_close function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 180 | | vout_open() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: The tested system has video output hardware.
Test method: Call the vout_open function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters return the hardware handle for video output.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: None.
Test method: Call the vout_open function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 181 | | *vout_autodetect3dformat() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_autodetect3dformat function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set automatic video output to automatically detect 3D mode.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_autodetect3dformat function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 182 | | *vout_close_channel() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_close_channel function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Close the specified video output channel.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_close_channel function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 183 | | *vout_display_get() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_display_get function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters to return video display parameters.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_display_get function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 184 | | *vout_display_set() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_display_set function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set video display parameters.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_display_set function and select invalid values as input parameters.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 185 | | *vout_evt_config() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_evt_config function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Configure parameters for video output events.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_evt_config function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 186 | | *vout_get_3dmode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_3dmode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters to return the 3D mode of video output.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_3dmode function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 187 | | *vout_get_bg_color() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_bg_color function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The output parameter returns the background color of the video output.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_bg_color function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 188 | | *vout_get_capability() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_capability function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The ability to output parameters and return video output.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_capability function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 189 | | *vout_get_edid() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_edid function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The ability to output parameters and return Extended Display Identification Data (EDID).
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_edid function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 190 | | *vout_get_evt_config() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_get_evt_config function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters to | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

return configuration information for event callbacks.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.

Test method: Call the vout_get_evt_config function and select invalid values as input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 191 | | *vout_get_hdcp_status() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.

Test method: Call the vout_get_hdcp_status function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters returns the status of HDCP.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.

Test method: Call the vout_get_hdcp_status function and select invalid values as input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 192 | | *vout_init() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created.

Test method: Call the vout_init function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Complete the initialization of video output hardware.

Conformity requirement 2:

Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created.

Test method: Call the vout_init function and select invalid values as input parameters.

Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 193 | | *vout_open_channel() |

Conformity requirement 1:

Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created.

Test method: Call the vout_open_channel function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | successful and returns 0. The output parameter returns the handle of the video output window instance.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_open_channel function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 194 | | *vout_outputchannel_mute() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_outputchannel_mute function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Close the corresponding window output.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_outputchannel_mute function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 195 | | *vout_outputchannel_unmute() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_outputchannel_unmute function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Resume the video output of the corresponding video window.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_outputchannel_unmute function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 196 | | *vout_set_3d_lr_switch() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_3d_lr_switch function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set 3D to swap left and right.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_3d_lr_switch function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 197 | | *vout_set_3dmode() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_3dmode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the output mode for 3D.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_3dmode function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 198 | | *vout_set_bg_color() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_bg_color function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the background color of the output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_bg_color

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 199 | | *vout_set_hdcp_params() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_hdcp_params function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the parameters of HDCP.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_set_hdcp_params function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 200 | | *vout_term() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_term function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Destroy the corresponding video output window.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_term function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 201 | | *vout_vbi_cgms_start() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_cgms_start function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Start window copying.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_cgms_start function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 202 | | *vout_vbi_cgms_stop() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_cgms_stop function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Stop window copying.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_cgms_stop function and select invalid values for the input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 203 | | *vout_vbi_microvision_enable() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_microvision_enable function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Enable macrovision.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_microvision_enable function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 204 | | *vout_vbi_microvision_setup() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_microvision_setup function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Create macrovision. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 205 | | |

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_vbi_microvision_setup function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| | | *vout_window_attach_input() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_attach_input function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Associate the video output window with the data source.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_attach_input function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 206 | | *vout_window_create() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_create function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters to return a handle to a real window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_create function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 207 | | *vout_window_dequeue_frame() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_dequeue_frame function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Retrieve one frame of the video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_dequeue_frame function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 208 | | *vout_window_destroy() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_destroy function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Destroy the corresponding video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_destroy function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 209 | | *vout_window_detach_input() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_detach_input function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The video output window is unbound from the input source.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_detach_input function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 210 | | *vout_window_enable_filmmode(
) | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_enable_filmmode function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Turn movie mode on or off.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_enable_filmmode function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 211 | | *vout_window_enable_panorama()
() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_enable_panorama function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Enable or disable panoramic mode.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_enable_panorama function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 212 | | *vout_window_freeze() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_freeze function and input valid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Pause the video output of this window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_freeze function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 213 | | *vout_window_get() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters to return the configuration parameters of the video window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 214 | | *vout_window_get_input_rect() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_input_rect function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters return the size of the video input window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_input_rect function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 215 | | *vout_window_get_output_rect() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_output_rect function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. The output parameter returns the size of the video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_output_rect function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 216 | | *vout_window_get_playinfo() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_playinfo function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters return the delay information of video output.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_playinfo function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 217 | | *vout_window_get_status() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_status function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters return the status of the video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_status function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 218 | | *vout_window_get_virtual_size() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_virtual_size function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Output parameters return the size of the virtual output window for the video.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_get_virtual_size function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 219 | | *vout_window_mute() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_mute function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Pause video output.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_mute function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 220 | | *vout_window_queue_frame() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_queue_frame function and input valid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Send a frame to the video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_queue_frame function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 221 | | *vout_window_reset() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_reset function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Reset the video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_reset function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 222 | | *vout_window_set() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the output parameters of the video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 223 | | *vout_window_set_colortemperature() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_colortemperature function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the color temperature of the video output window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_colortemperature function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 224 | | *vout_window_set_input_rect() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_input_rect function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the input size for this video window.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_input_rect function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero.

| +| 225 | | *vout_window_set_mute_color() |

Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_mute_color function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the background color after the output window is closed.

Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle

| + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_mute_color function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 226 | | *vout_window_set_output_rect() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_output_rect function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Set the output size of the video window.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_output_rect function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 227 | | *vout_window_set_zorder() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_zorder function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Complete the Z-order setting of the video output window.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_zorder function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 228 | | *vout_window_unfreeze() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_unfreeze function and input valid parameters. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Resume video output.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_unfreeze function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 229 | | *vout_window_unmute() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_unmute function and input valid parameters.
Conformity result: The function call successfully returns 0. Open video output.
Conformity requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_unmute function and select invalid values as input parameters.
Conformity result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 230 | Vout | *vout_window_set_video_rect() | Compliance requirement 1:
Precondition: Video output hardware handle has been created, video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_video_rect function and input valid parameters.
Compliance result: The function call is successful and returns 0.
Compliance requirement 2:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, but no video output instance has been created.
Test method: Call the vout_window_set_video_rect function and select an invalid value as the input parameter.
Compliance result: The function returns non-zero. | +| 231 | | *vout_window_get_video_rect() | Conformity requirement 1:
Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created. | + +| Serial No. | Module | API | Process description | +|------------|--------|-----|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | |

Test method: Call the vout_window_get_video_rect function and input valid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call is successful and returns 0. Get the current correct video output rectangle parameters.

fuConformity requirement 2:

Precondition: A video output hardware handle has been created, and a video output instance has been created.

Test method: Call the vout_window_get_video_rect function and input invalid parameters.

Conformity result: The function call fails with a non-zero error code.

| + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..529e4f72f14cdf7f41f56cfbfb26655bf8181c59 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:abb9e3ec6dfc8364cedc39a68cf796e9d3ff5529c79a1811eedeb12c6d6e7583 +size 3787 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7526fae17caec7a9cf4b40d98662006a13be67c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:dbfe482a3705f3d3113b17ee484758e1a3ba606af91c1f1af093b96fe224bd23 +size 51308 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a4228ff5a1185cb1cc15e8f13f9b6d90eed30ccb --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:23d4046b37a7198ce1d9ea0edccedf49c6c9749ce25811cae53a05b2291ec1f4 +size 60759 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bb77647359680d513593e244e5b1006db19b75ea --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1210-201907-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,297 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1210** + +(07/2019) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IP Video Broadcast + +--- + +**Requirements of IP video broadcast (IPVB) for +cable TV networks** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1210 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1210 + +# Requirements of IP video broadcast (IPVB) for cable TV networks + +## Summary + +In recent years, IP-based video services have been developed rapidly in cable television (CATV) networks, especially the highly asymmetric IP-based services with large bandwidth, such as 4K, 8K and virtual reality (VR), whose single programme bandwidth might easily exceed 35 Mbps or even go up to 100 Mbps. This requires huge downlink bandwidth of transmission channels and poses challenges to the existing CATV technologies. For this scenario, it is necessary to propose a solution with lower cost and less complexity for meeting the bandwidth requirements of the current asymmetric IP-based video service. + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1210 specifies an IP video broadcast (IPVB) technology, which simply adds a one-way IP-based video broadcast system to the existing low-cost bidirectional CATV networks, including both hybrid fibre coax (HFC) and optical networks. The IPVB can greatly increase the bandwidth of downlink programs when using an optical network and at the same time, have the characteristics of low cost and low complexity. The IPVB in downlink transmits IP-based video streams through broadcast channels which are identified by multicast IP addresses and user datagram protocol (UDP) port numbers and broadcasts all the IP-based video streams through the CATV networks to all subscribers. By cooperating with the uplink channel provided by the existing bidirectional access networks, it is capable of providing varieties of IP-based high bitrate video services in CATV networks. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1210 | 2019-07-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13976 | + +## Keywords + +Broadcast, CATV, IP video broadcast, IPVB. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2019 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Overview..... | 2 | +| 7 Requirements ..... | 4 | +| 7.1 Functional requirements ..... | 4 | +| 7.2 Performance requirements ..... | 5 | +| Appendix I – Scenario for IPVB multi-screen interaction..... | 6 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1210 + +## Requirements of IP video broadcast (IPVB) for cable TV networks + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the functional and performance requirements of the IP video broadcast (IPVB) for cable television (CATV) networks. The IPVB is a delivery scheme to support IP-based video services for CATV networks. The purpose of the IPVB system is to transmit IP-based video streams through broadcast channels identified by multicast IP addresses and user datagram protocol (UDP) port numbers over CATV networks. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ETSI TR 101 290] ETSI TR 101 290 V1.3.1 (2014), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) – Measurement guidelines for DVB systems*. + +## 3 Definitions + +### 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +### 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 area code table (ACT):** The basic table in an IP video broadcast (IPVB) headend that is used to describe the regional identification of centre offices. + +**3.2.2 multicast information table (MIT):** The basic table in an IP video broadcast (IPVB) headend that is used to describe the information of multicast IP addresses and UDP destination port numbers of each service in the broadcast transmission network. + +**3.2.3 service name list table (SNLT):** The basic table in an IP video broadcast (IPVB) headend that is used to describe the name information and other information (such as programme provider information, etc.) of each video programme. + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|--------------------| +| CATV | Cable Television | +| HFC | Hybrid Fibre Coax | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPVB | IP Video Broadcast | +| LAN | Local Area Network | + +| | | +|-----|------------------------| +| OTT | Over The Top | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| TV | Television | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| VOD | Video On Demand | +| VR | Virtual Reality | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "is required to" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "can optionally" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation, the words shall, shall not, should, and may sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as is required to, is prohibited from, is recommended, and can optionally. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +## 6 Overview + +Combined with the characteristics of the broadcast network and IP technology, the IPVB system realizes the end-to-end full IP carrying of video streams, data and other services. The logical architecture model of IPVB is shown in Figure 1. The IPVB system mainly consists of two parts: The IPVB headend and the IPVB terminal. + +![Figure 1 – IPVB architecture diagram showing the flow of data from service platforms through an IPVB headend, CATV network, IPVB terminal, and home gateway to various user devices.](ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IPVB architecture. On the left, a 'Service platform' box contains three sub-components: 'DVB platform', 'OTT/VOD SP', and 'Internet SP'. These are connected to an 'IPVB headend' box. The 'IPVB headend' is connected to a 'CATV network' cloud, which contains a 'Video stream and control stream' box. This box is connected to a 'User end' box, which contains an 'IPVB terminal' and a 'Network unit'. The 'Network unit' is connected to a 'Home gateway' cloud. The 'Home gateway' is connected to three user devices: 'Smart-phone', 'STB', and 'Smart TV'. A legend at the bottom indicates three types of data flows: 'DVB data' (solid line), 'OTT/VOD/etc. video data' (dashed line), and 'Internet data' (dotted line). The reference 'J.1210(19)\_F1' is shown in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 1 – IPVB architecture diagram showing the flow of data from service platforms through an IPVB headend, CATV network, IPVB terminal, and home gateway to various user devices. + +**Figure 1 – IPVB architecture** + +The IPVB headend is located at the entry edge of a CATV distribution network. It has the functions of convergence, distribution and delivery of various video streams. First, it receives IP packets such as video streams from the service platform in the IPVB system, converts unicast to multicast if needed and identifies the different programs of the video streams according to the multicast IP addresses and UDP port numbers. Then, it broadcasts the converged IP data through the infrastructure of CATV networks to IPVB terminals. + +The IPVB terminal is located at the user ends of the CATV networks. It receives the UDP multicast packets from the broadcast transmission network and implements data transfer between the CATV access network and the home local area network (LAN). It filters the locally requested programs according to the multicast IP addresses and UDP port numbers and forwards them to one or more requesting service clients, such as IP STB, smart phone, computer, smart TV, etc., through Ethernet within the home LAN. + +The IPVB system consists of two subsystems, namely the IPVB headend and the IPVB terminal. + +The functions of the IPVB headend subsystem are as follows: + +- Services information generator is used to send fundamental tables including multicast information table (MIT), service name list table (SNLT) and area code table (ACT); +- The MIT describes the information of multicast IP addresses and UDP destination port numbers of each service in the broadcast transmission network. These items of information are used for the service clients to search programs; +- The SNLT describes the name information and other information (such as program provider information, etc.) of each video program; +- The ACT describes the regional identification of centre offices; +- Encapsulating the MIT, SNLT and ACT into TS packets and transferring them over IP packets; +- In the IP layer, converging various video streams, and converting unicast addresses into multicast addresses when the streams (including VOD, OTT and other on-demand streams) have unicast addresses; +- Identifying different video streams by multicast IP addresses and UDP port numbers; +- Transmission of the converged IP data over CATV networks. + +The functions of the IPVB terminal subsystem are as follows: + +- Receiving IP broadcast data; + +- Supporting requests and video services from multiple service clients (such as STB, PAD, etc.) at the same time. +- According to the request information of service clients, selecting and filtering UDP packets by identifying multicast IP addresses and UDP port numbers according to the MIT; +- According to the IP addresses of service clients, converting the multicast IP addresses of the selected IP data into the IP addresses of the service clients; +- Forwarding the selected UDP packets to the requesting service clients through Ethernet within the home LAN. + +## 7 Requirements + +### 7.1 Functional requirements + +#### 7.1.1 IPVB headend + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-01:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to use the MIT to describe the multicast IP addresses and UDP destination port numbers information of each program or service in CATV networks. The MIT is used for the terminals to select programs. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-02:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to use the SNLT to describe the name information and program provider information of each video program. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-03:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to use the ACT to describe the regional identification of centre office. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-04:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to encapsulate the MIT, SNLT and ACT into TS packets. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-05:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to transfer TS over IP for IP network. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-06:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to converge various video streams in the IP layer. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-07:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to convert unicast IP addresses into multicast IP addresses when the received streams (including VOD, OTT and other on-demand streams) have unicast IP addresses. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-08:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to identify different video streams by multicast IP addresses and UDP port numbers. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-09:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to have packet filtering capabilities for specific protocols (including TCP, UDP protocols). + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-10:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to have packet filtering capabilities for specific services (some specific destination IP addresses or destination port numbers). + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-11:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to send the converged IP data into the CATV networks. + +**IPVB-Headend-FR-12:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to support IPv4 and IPv6. + +#### 7.1.2 IPVB Terminal + +**IPVB-Terminal-FR-01:** The IPVB terminal subsystem is required to receive the broadcast signals. + +**IPVB-Terminal-FR-02:** The IPVB terminal subsystem is required to filter UDP packets according to multicast IP addresses and UDP destination port numbers. + +**IPVB-Terminal-FR-03:** The IPVB terminal subsystem is required to convert the multicast IP addresses of the selected IP data into the IP addresses of the service clients. + +**IPVB-Terminal-FR-04:** The IPVB terminal subsystem is required to forward UDP packets selected from the IP network through Ethernet within the home LAN. + +### **7.2 Performance requirements** + +#### **7.2.1 IPVB headend** + +**IPVB-Headend-PR-01:** The IPVB headend subsystem is required to broadcast the MIT, SNLT, ACT periodically at intervals no greater than 500 ms [ETSI TR 101 290]. + +#### **7.2.2 IPVB terminal** + +**IPVB-Terminal-PR-01:** The IPVB terminal subsystem is required to support multi-screen interaction for more than 2 service clients. + +## Appendix I + +## Scenario for IPVB multi-screen interaction + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +In recent years mobile terminals have rapidly become popular, and can be found everywhere. In CATV networks, a typical scenario would be a TV set that can only play one program at a time, which cannot meet the different viewing needs of more than one person. At this time, if the mobile terminal and TV can realize multi-screen interaction, the viewing needs of more people can be satisfied. + +The IPVB terminal subsystem supports multi-screen interaction for more than two service clients, and the multi-screen application interaction scenario is shown in Figure I.1. + +![Diagram of IPVB system multi-screen interactive application scenario](7f17c430b9598e4d748a8041457810b3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IPVB system multi-screen interactive application scenario. It is divided into two main areas: a 'Living room' (left) and a 'Room' (right). A central 'IPVB terminal' (represented by a white router icon) is connected to a 'Smart TV SET' (bottom left) and a 'Smartphone' (middle right) in the living room. The IPVB terminal is also connected to a 'PAD' (top right) and a 'Computer' (middle right) in the room. A dashed line separates the living room and the room. A 'Video stream and control stream' is indicated by a horizontal line entering the IPVB terminal from the left. The IPVB terminal is connected to the PAD and the Computer via dashed lines. The IPVB terminal is also connected to the Smart TV SET and the Smartphone via dashed lines. The IPVB terminal is also connected to the IP STB (bottom right) via a dashed line. The IP STB is connected to a TV (bottom right) via a solid line. The TV displays a group of people. The diagram is labeled 'J.1210(19)\_Fl.1' in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram of IPVB system multi-screen interactive application scenario + +Figure I.1 – IPVB system multi-screen interactive application scenario + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/1d7527f4316cfe2d342b08d1653d1592_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/1d7527f4316cfe2d342b08d1653d1592_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9002ee68e2b9ebf63d27d39ba8c73bdafb0e6be6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/1d7527f4316cfe2d342b08d1653d1592_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:8df701536c25ab8246d2868de3c20c8a4e25168bb52c5eb9078278ab1b5b4fd8 +size 6859 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..82e7e843859af5134814569fcc8f49899ae35eef --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4850f589a18d04ee9ee4548ff6036132d935220d1f6a9de208d17b3255cf26cb +size 62339 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/99bae07626f60f9ede10e2e387ef7051_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/99bae07626f60f9ede10e2e387ef7051_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0d4b00ad6fd50fa563bb0850439f1f11c5004d43 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/99bae07626f60f9ede10e2e387ef7051_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:13148c818914a0de23536f7117a5764df1eb4d8c899c3465228aed229ba4aa67 +size 43379 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..155dd1548a023a5acd52341897dcd87ba832a1bd --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:8851f486b59ca477e2b8be209eab3909863d8cf8812a16834538ba91bc5906f0 +size 39198 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f412794cc6225ef1aee07c7b6af26e15931de5aa --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:1c62152755b5cbf4143fc3b019bfc88c801c38f1bc351afc6a72233e14da9088 +size 67120 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..82cf63d6294978024d37f7d4f292076de4053c47 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1211-202005-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,733 @@ + + +International Telecommunication Union + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1211** + +(05/2020) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IP Video Broadcast + +--- + +**Specifications of IP video broadcast (IPVB) for +cable TV networks** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1211 + +ITU-T + +![ITU logo](1d7527f4316cfe2d342b08d1653d1592_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) features a globe with a red lightning bolt striking across it. To the right of the globe, the text "International Telecommunication Union" is written in a blue, sans-serif font, with "ITU" in a larger, bold font above it. + +ITU logo + +International +Telecommunication +Union + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1211 + +## Specifications of IP video broadcast (IPVB) for cable TV networks + +## Summary + +In recent years, IP-based video services have developed rapidly in cable (CATV) networks, especially the highly asymmetric IP-based services with large bandwidth, such as 4K, 8K and VR, whose single program bandwidth might easily exceed 35Mbps or even up to 100Mbps. This requires a large downlink bandwidth of transmission channels and poses challenges to existing CATV technologies. For this scenario, it is necessary to propose a low cost and low complexity solution to meet the bandwidth requirements of the current asymmetric IP-based video services. + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1211 specifies an IPVB technology, which simply adds a one-way IP-based video broadcast system to the existing low-cost bidirectional CATV networks. The IPVB can greatly increase the bandwidth of downlink programs, and at the same time, have the characteristics of being low cost and low complexity. The IPVB in downlink transmits IP-based video streams through broadcast channels which are identified by multicast IP addresses and UDP port numbers, and broadcasts all the IP-based video streams through the CATV networks to all subscribers. By cooperating with the uplink channel provided by the existing bidirectional access networks, it is capable of providing varieties of IP-based high bit rate video services in CATV networks. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1211 | 2020-05-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/14282 | + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2020 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 IPVB system ..... | 3 | +| 6.1 Introduction ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 IPVB headend..... | 3 | +| 6.3 IPVB terminal..... | 4 | +| 6.4 Physical layer..... | 5 | +| 7 Planning of broadcast channel and format of encapsulation in IPVB system..... | 5 | +| 7.1 Broadcast channel planning..... | 5 | +| 7.2 Encapsulation of DTV Audio/Video programmes ..... | 6 | +| 8 Broadcast service information in IPVB system..... | 8 | +| 8.1 Introduction ..... | 8 | +| 8.2 BSI tables..... | 8 | +| 8.3 Multicast information table (MIT) ..... | 9 | +| 8.4 Service name list table (SNLT) ..... | 10 | +| 8.5 Area code table (ACT) ..... | 11 | +| 8.6 Descriptors of BSI tables..... | 12 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1211 + +## Specifications of IP video broadcast (IPVB) for cable TV networks + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the technique specifications of IPVB systems, including the system architecture of IPVB, broadcast channel planning of services, coding schemes and the encapsulation formation of audio and video data, broadcast service information (BSI) tables and functional modules of IPVB systems. The Recommendation is applicable to the network construction of IPVB systems, the development of equipment, and the operation and management of IPVB systems. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T H.222.0] Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 (2018) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:2019, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems*. +- [ITU-T J.83] Recommendation ITU-T J.83 (2007), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution*. +- [IEEE 802.3ae] IEEE 802.3ae-2002, *IEEE Standard for Information Technology- Local and Metropolitan Area Networks – Specific Requirements Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access With Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications Amendment: Media Access Control (MAC) Parameters, Physical Layers, and Management Parameters for 10 Gb/S Operation*. + +# 3 Definitions + +### 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +### 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 broadcast channel:** The broadcast channels in this Recommendation refer to the logical channels labelled with D-class IP addresses and UDP destination port numbers. Usually one channel corresponds to a digital TV transmission stream or service stream. + +**3.2.2 IP broadcast:** IP broadcast in this Recommendation refers to the implementation of the broadcast transmission of the baseband stream of IP on the CATV distribution network. + +**3.2.3 main channel:** The main channel in this Recommendation refers to the broadcast channels delivering the digital TV service index data of IPVB. + +**3.2.4 section:** A section is a syntactic structure used for mapping all service information defined in this Recommendation into ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 TS packets. + +**3.2.5 service:** A service is a series of programmes which is broadcast in stages according to a time schedule under the control of the broadcaster. + +**3.2.6 service information:** Service information in this Recommendation describes the data information such as delivery systems, contents and plans/schedules of broadcast data streams, etc., including PSI information of MPEG-2 and independently defined extensions. + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|------------------------------------------------------| +| ACT | Area Code Table | +| BSI | Broadcast Service Information | +| bslbf | bit string, left bit first | +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| DTV | Digital TV | +| EPG | Electronic Programme Guide | +| HTML | Hyper Text Markup Language | +| IPVB | IP Video Broadcast | +| MIT | Multicast Information Table | +| MPTS | Multi-Program Transport Stream | +| OTT | Over The Top | +| PID | Packet Identifier | +| rpchof | remainder polynomial coefficient, higher order first | +| SDT | Service Description Table | +| SI | Service Information | +| SNLT | Service Name List Table | +| SPTS | Single Program Transport Stream | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| unisbf | undersigned integer, most significant bit first | +| VOD | Video On Demand | +| XML | Extensible Markup Language | + +## 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "is required to" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "can optionally" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the Recommendation. + +In the body of this Recommendation, the words shall, shall not, should and may sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as is required to, is prohibited from, is recommended and can optionally. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 IPVB system + +### 6.1 Introduction + +An IPVB system mainly consists of an IPVB headend and IPVB terminal. The IPVB headend is used to broadcast the streams and data in the format of UDP multicast packets to all the subscribers through CATV networks, where multicast IP addresses and UDP destination port numbers in UDP multicast packets are used to distinguish different programs. The IPVB terminal is generally embedded in the user terminals. It receives the UDP multicast packets, and selects the required programs according to the multicast IP addresses and port numbers. + +IPVB can either work as a unidirectional system independently to broadcast IP television services or realize a broadband access by working in combination with a bidirectional transmission system, to support high quality digital broadcasting service and interactive video and data services, such as VOD, OTT TV and VR. + +In this Recommendation, the broadcast services are transmitted in assigned broadcast channels. Each broadcast channel is identified by the IP address and UDP destination port number of packets. All data, including audio and video data of different programmes and service information are packetized into UDP packets, and broadcast to all subscribers over CATV networks through different broadcast channels. + +### 6.2 IPVB headend + +The IPVB headend is responsible for broadcasting UDP multicast packets to all subscribers over CATV network systems. It is located at the entry edge of the CATV distribution network. It implements the functions of convergence, processing, distribution and transmission of IP-based services data. It distributes various IP service streams to the IP broadcast channels according to the service control strategies. It is the last data processing stage before the data enters the distribution network. The functional diagram of an IPVB headend is illustrated in Figure 1. + +![Functional diagram of IPVB headend showing data flow from IP streams through convergence, parsing, scheduling, and re-encapsulation to a CATV network.](99bae07626f60f9ede10e2e387ef7051_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional architecture of an IPVB headend. On the left, multiple 'IP stream' inputs enter an 'IP convergence' block. This block feeds into a 'Processing module' (indicated by a dashed box). Inside the module, the data flows through 'Packets parsing' and 'Packets schedule' blocks. From 'Packets schedule', three paths emerge: 'UDP packets of VOD' go to a 'Packet header process' block (dashed), 'UDP packets of broadcast' go directly to a 'Convergence' block, and 'TCP packets' go to a 'UDP re-encapsulation' block (dashed). Both the 'Packet header process' and 'UDP re-encapsulation' blocks feed into the 'Convergence' block. The 'Convergence' block then connects to a 'Medium adapter', which finally outputs to the 'CATV network'. A label 'J.1211(20)\_F01' is present in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +Functional diagram of IPVB headend showing data flow from IP streams through convergence, parsing, scheduling, and re-encapsulation to a CATV network. + +Figure 1 – The functional diagram of IPVB headend + +The logical modules of an IPVB headend are defined as follows: + +- The IP convergence module: this module receives the service IP streams from several GE ports, and sends them to the processing module through an internal data bus at no less than 10 Gbit/s. +- The processing module: This module implements the parsing, filtering and re-encapsulating of packets complying with different protocols, converting unicast address into multicast address if the stream has a unicast address (including VOD, OTT and other on-demand streams). And then, the processing module converges these packets and sends them to the medium adapter module. + - 1) The packet header process module: If VOD adopts the VOD system based on IPQAM, but the down streams need to be transmitted in the IPVB downlink broadcast channel, the packet header process module in the IPVB headend will replace the unicast address of the received UDP packets header with the assigned multicast IP address and port number as the destination IP address and port number. Then it sends the revise packet to the convergence module: if the VOD systems are like OTT systems, the process of VOD stream packets will be processed by UDP re-encapsulation module of the IPVB headend. + - 2) The UDP re-encapsulation module: This module will replace the destination IP and MAC addresses in the downstream TCP packets with the source IP and MAC addresses of the first original request packet, add the UDP header on it, and adopt the assigned multicast IP address and port number as the destination IP address and port number, then it sends the reconstructed packet to the convergence module. +- The medium adapter module: This module translates the UDP packets into the right format of packets to the network medium in use, and transmits them to the CATV network. + +The parameter configuration for IPVB headend: + +- On-demand services enable or disable. +- Select one physical port as "the interactive port" which is used for communication with the on-demand server and IPVB terminal. +- Configure the IP address, subnet mask and gateway of the interactive port. +- Configure the multicast IP address and port number for the main channel to broadcast the interactive port information to the IPVB terminal. +- For general on-demand services, configure the server IP address range that are used for the IPVB terminal to judge which packets and sessions are needed to be processed by the IPVB headend. +- For VOD services that are based on IPQAM, they need to configure the ACT, Frequency-To-Address conversion table and forwarding rules. + +### 6.3 IPVB terminal + +The IPVB terminal is generally embedded in the user terminal. It receives the broadcast IP-based stream from CATV networks, selects the program or service data requested by one or more user CPEs, such as IP STB, smart phone, PAD, PC and intelligent TV, by means of recognizing the IP addresses and UDP port numbers of the corresponding UDP packets. It forwards the selected data to the final user CPEs within the home network through FE/GE interface. The functional diagram of the IPVB terminal is illustrated in Figure 2. + +![Functional diagram of IPVB terminal showing signal flow from Medium dependent signal through various modules including Medium adapter, Ethernet packet analyzer, UDP packet filter, Packet format conversion, Control logic, Control packet analyzer, and 100 Mbps/ 1 Gbps Ethernet interface to the Home network. An I2C interface is also shown connected to Control logic.](cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + MDS[Medium dependent signal] --> MA[Medium adapter] + MA --> EPA[Ethernet packet analyzer] + EPA --> UPF[UDP packet filter] + UPF --> PFC[Packet format conversion] + PFC --> IGI[100 Mbps/ 1 Gbps Ethernet interface] + IGI --> HN[Home network] + IGI --> CPA[Control packet analyzer] + CPA --> CL[Control logic] + CL <--> I2C[I2C] + CL <--> PFC + +``` + +Functional diagram of IPVB terminal showing signal flow from Medium dependent signal through various modules including Medium adapter, Ethernet packet analyzer, UDP packet filter, Packet format conversion, Control logic, Control packet analyzer, and 100 Mbps/ 1 Gbps Ethernet interface to the Home network. An I2C interface is also shown connected to Control logic. + +**Figure 2 – The functional diagram of IPVB terminal** + +The major logical modules of an IPVB terminal are defined as follows: + +- The UDP packet filter module: This module supports parallel-selection operation of more than 15 broadcast channels. The IPVB terminal supports as many as five user CPEs in the home network to select data from the same or different broadcast channels simultaneously, and allows each CPE to select the data from at least three broadcast channels. +- The packet format conversion module: This module supports the conversion from multicast packet to unicast packet for keeping from bandwidth waste in the home LAN. The conversion module obtains the IP addresses of the user CPE from the control logic module before implementing the conversion. + +The parameter configuration for IPVB terminal: + +The IPVB terminal is configured according to the configuration of the IPVB headend, which needs to receive interactive port information, server IP address range, ACT, Frequency-To-Address conversion table, etc. + +### 6.4 Physical layer + +Since the IPVB system is typically used in CATV networks, the transport medium is mainly optical fibre or coaxial cable. The physical layer coding method is not mandatory in this Recommendation. When the transport medium is optical fibre, the physical layer may comply with 10G Base-R in [IEEE802.3ae]. When the transport medium is coaxial, the physical layer may comply with [ITU-T J.83]. + +## 7 Planning of broadcast channel and format of encapsulation in IPVB system + +### 7.1 Broadcast channel planning + +Based on the carried service contents, the broadcast channels of IPVB are classified into four types: main channel, authorization channel, DTV SI Channel and program channel, as specified in Table 1. + +**Table 1 – Broadcast channel planning** + +| Channel name | Description | Requirement | Service contents | +|-----------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------|------------------------------------------| +| Main Channel | For the essential tables | Mandatory | MIT, SNLT, and ACT | +| Authorization Channel | For CAT/EMM authorization information | Optional | CAT/EMM | +| DTV SI Channel | For DTV EPG, etc. | Optional | TS-based EPG information | +| Program Channel | Audio/Video programmes and data | Mandatory | Broadcasting programs, VOD, OTT TV, etc. | + +#### **7.1.1 Main channel** + +The main channel is an IP stream channel with specific multicast IP address and UDP destination port number. The UDP packets transmitted in the main channel describes the broadcast channel information, service version number, date and other key information of digital TV programmes and other services in the IPVB system. After the user end (including IP STB, smart phone, smart TV, PAD, PC, etc) starting up, it first obtains and analyzes the data of the main channel, and then obtains the data of other service channels based on the main channel information. + +The content carried in the main channel shall include the multicast information table (MIT), optionally the service name list table (SNLT), and the area code table (ACT). + +#### **7.1.2 Multicast information table (MIT)** + +The MIT mainly describes the multicast IP addresses, UDP port numbers and encapsulation format of all services in the IPVB system. + +#### **7.1.3 Service name list table (SNLT)** + +The SNLT mainly describes the program names, program providers and other program information. + +#### **7.1.4 Area code table (ACT)** + +The ACT describes the area codes of the access location of user terminals. + +These tables are periodically broadcast to IPVB terminals through the main channel. The recommended repeating period is less than 500 ms. + +As soon as user terminals are powered on, they will first receive the MIT, SNLT and ACT. Then, they will obtain the multicast addresses, UDP port numbers and encapsulation formats of the services by parsing the MIT, obtain service names from the SNLT, and they can select corresponding services according to the local area code in the ACT. + +### **7.2 Encapsulation of DTV Audio/Video programmes** + +This part describes the specifications of the encapsulation of DTV audio/video programme data in IPVB systems. + +#### **7.2.1 Introduction** + +In IPVB systems, audio and video data of digital video broadcast shall be encapsulated into UDP packets first, and then into IPv4 or IPv6 packets, where the IP destination addresses assigned shall be assigned with multicast IP addresses. Different broadcast channels are identified with different IP destination addresses or different UDP destination port numbers. Above the UDP layer, the audio and video data could be encapsulated into MPEG transport stream (TS) packets in accordance with [ITU-T H.222.0]. Other formats are allowed too. + +#### 7.2.2 Encapsulation of TS packets into IP packets + +In this Recommendation, the maximum length of Ethernet payload is 1500 bytes, and the mapping of TS packets shall start from the first byte of the field of UDP payload, so a single UDP payload accommodates at least one but at most seven complete 188-byte TS packets, and the largest payload length of a UDP packet is $188 \times 7 = 1316$ bytes. + +The format for encapsulating TS packets into IP packets is shown in Figure 3. + +![Diagram illustrating the encapsulation of TS packets into UDP/IP packets. The diagram shows four layers of encapsulation: TS frame, UDP packet, IP packet, and Ethernet frame. The TS frame (Header: 4-byte, Audio/video data: 184-byte) is encapsulated into a UDP packet (UDP header: 8-byte, TS1-TS7). The UDP packet is encapsulated into an IP packet (IP header: 20-byte IPv4 / 40-byte IPv6, UDP payload). The IP packet is encapsulated into an Ethernet frame (Ethernet header: 14-byte, IP header, UDP header, UDP payload, Ethernet tail: 4-byte). The Ethernet payload is 46 ~ 1500 bytes. The diagram also shows the mapping of TS packets (TS1-TS7) into the UDP payload.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the encapsulation process from top to bottom: + +- TS frame:** Consists of a 4-byte Header and 184-byte Audio/video data. This is shown being mapped into a UDP packet. +- UDP packet:** Consists of an 8-byte UDP header followed by a payload containing seven TS packets (TS1 through TS7). +- IP packet:** Consists of an IP header (20-byte for IPv4 or 40-byte for IPv6) followed by the UDP packet as the payload. +- Ethernet frame:** Consists of a 14-byte Ethernet header, the IP packet as the payload, and a 4-byte Ethernet tail. The total Ethernet payload (IP packet) is 46 ~ 1500 bytes. + +On the right side, a vertical sequence of labels (TS, UDP, IP, Ethernet) with dashed horizontal lines indicates the protocol layers. + +Diagram illustrating the encapsulation of TS packets into UDP/IP packets. The diagram shows four layers of encapsulation: TS frame, UDP packet, IP packet, and Ethernet frame. The TS frame (Header: 4-byte, Audio/video data: 184-byte) is encapsulated into a UDP packet (UDP header: 8-byte, TS1-TS7). The UDP packet is encapsulated into an IP packet (IP header: 20-byte IPv4 / 40-byte IPv6, UDP payload). The IP packet is encapsulated into an Ethernet frame (Ethernet header: 14-byte, IP header, UDP header, UDP payload, Ethernet tail: 4-byte). The Ethernet payload is 46 ~ 1500 bytes. The diagram also shows the mapping of TS packets (TS1-TS7) into the UDP payload. + +**Figure 3 – The format of encapsulating TS packets into UDP/IP packets** + +#### 7.2.3 Encapsulation of non-TS into IP packets + +In addition to TS packets, the audio and videos data in non-TS packets (such as MP4, AVI, MOV, and other flow media containers) are also allowed to be encapsulated into the UDP/IP packets according to the encapsulation format shown in Figure 4. The maximum length of UDP payloads is 1472 bytes in the situation of IPv4, whereas it is 1452 bytes in the situation of IPv6. + +![Diagram showing the encapsulation of non-Transport Stream (non-TS) packets into UDP/IP packets and then into Ethernet frames. The diagram illustrates the layers: Flow media data is encapsulated into a UDP frame (UDP header + UDP payload). This is then encapsulated into an IP packet (IP header + UDP frame). Finally, the IP packet is encapsulated into an Ethernet frame (Ethernet header + IP packet + Ethernet tail). The right side of the diagram shows the protocol stack: non-TS, UDP, IP, and Ethernet. The Ethernet frame has a 14-byte header and a 4-byte tail, with a payload of 46-1500 bytes. The IP header is 20-byte (IPv4) or 40-byte (IPv6). The UDP header is 8-byte.](4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the encapsulation of non-Transport Stream (non-TS) packets into UDP/IP packets and then into Ethernet frames. The diagram illustrates the layers: Flow media data is encapsulated into a UDP frame (UDP header + UDP payload). This is then encapsulated into an IP packet (IP header + UDP frame). Finally, the IP packet is encapsulated into an Ethernet frame (Ethernet header + IP packet + Ethernet tail). The right side of the diagram shows the protocol stack: non-TS, UDP, IP, and Ethernet. The Ethernet frame has a 14-byte header and a 4-byte tail, with a payload of 46-1500 bytes. The IP header is 20-byte (IPv4) or 40-byte (IPv6). The UDP header is 8-byte. + +**Figure 4 – The format of encapsulating non-TS packets into UDP/IP packets** + +## 8 Broadcast service information in IPVB system + +### 8.1 Introduction + +The IPVB defines three BSI tables to describe the broadcast channel information and supplement information. These three BSI tables are encapsulated into TS packets in accordance with [ITU-T H.222.0] and then broadcast in the main channel in the format of UDP. + +### 8.2 BSI tables + +BSI tables include the multicast information table (MIT), service name list table (SNLT), and the area code table (ACT). The three tables are all delivered through the main channel. The PID allocations of the BSI tables are given in Table 2. + +**Table 2 – PID allocation of BSI tables** + +| Table | PID value | +|-----------------------------------|-----------| +| MIT (multicast information table) | 0x000A | +| SNLT (service name list table) | 0x000D | +| ACT (area code table) | 0x000C | + +The allocations of table\_id of BSI tables are presented in Table 3. + +**Table 3 – Allocation of table\_id** + +| Table_id | Table | Maximum section length (byte) | +|----------|-------|-------------------------------| +| 0xAE | MIT | 1024 | +| 0xAF | SNLT | 1024 | +| 0xED | ACT | 1024 | + +### 8.3 Multicast information table (MIT) + +The MIT describes the IP destination addresses and UDP destination port numbers of each program or service in broadcast channels, which are used for the user terminals to search for programs. The MIT shall be segmented into sections in the syntax structure as given in Table 4, and encapsulated into TS packet(s). The PID value of MIT TS packets shall be 0x000A and the table\_id value of MIT sections shall be 0xAE. The maximum length of MIT section is 1024 bytes. + +Sub-table of MIT: A sub-table of MIT is a collection of sections with the same table\_id and version\_number. + +The syntax of MIT section is given in Table 4. + +**Table 4 – MIT section** + +| Syntax | bit (s) | Mnemonic symbol | +|-------------------------------|---------|-----------------| +| multicast_information_section | | | +| { | | | +| table_id | 8 | uimsbf | +| section_syntax_indicator | 1 | bslbf | +| reserved | 1 | bslbf | +| reserved | 2 | bslbf | +| section_length | 12 | uimsbf | +| reserved | 2 | bslbf | +| version_number | 5 | uimsbf | +| current_next_indicator | 1 | bslbf | +| section_number | 8 | uimsbf | +| last_section_number | 8 | uimsbf | +| reserved | 4 | bslbf | +| descriptors_length | 12 | uimsbf | +| for(int i=0;i128(IPv6) | uimsbf
uimsbf | +| udp_port | 16 | uimsbf | +| } | | | +| } | | | + +The semantics of the fields in the udp\_service\_list\_descriptor are defined as follows: + +**descriptor\_tag:** The descriptor\_tag of udp\_service\_list\_descriptor shall be set to 0xAE. + +**descriptor\_length:** This is an 8-bit field, indicating the number of bytes from the byte immediately after the descriptor\_length field to the last byte of the descriptor. + +**transport\_stream\_id:** This 16-bit field uniquely identifies the TS stream where the announcement resides. + +**service\_id:** This 16-bit field uniquely identifies the service where the announcement resides. + +**udp\_ipaddress:** In IPv4, it is a 32-bit field that indicates the multicast IP destination address allocated to the current service; In IPv6, it is a 128-bit field that indicates the multicast IP destination address allocated to the current service. + +**udp\_port:** This 16-bit field indicates the UDP port number allocated to the current service. + +#### 8.6.3 udp\_specific\_list\_descriptor + +This is used for describing the IP address and UDP port number of specific TS packets, such as the main channels, the upgrading streams, global EPG, etc., as shown in Table 11. + +**Table 11 – udp\_specific\_list\_descriptor** + +| Syntax | bit(s) | Mnemonic symbol | +|---------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------| +| udp_specific_list_descriptor () | | | +| { | | | +| descriptor_tag | 8 | uimsbf | +| descriptor_length | 8 | uimsbf | +| for (i=0;i128(IPv6) | uimsbf
uimsbf | +| udp_port | 16 | uimsbf | +| } | | | +| } | | | + +The semantics of the fields in the udp\_specific\_list\_descriptor are defined as follows: + +**descriptor\_tag:** This 8-bit field of udp\_specific\_list\_descriptor shall be set to 0xAF. + +**descriptor\_length:** This 8-bit field, indicates the length of udp\_specific\_list\_descriptor from the byte immediately after the descriptor\_length field to the end of the descriptor. + +**info\_type:** This is an 8-bit field. The values of info\_type are listed in Table 12. + +**data\_format:** This 8-bit field indicates the data format of the service type currently indicated in the info\_type field. The values are listed in Table 13. + +**udp\_ipaddress:** In IPv4, it is a 32-bit field that indicates the multicast IP destination address allocated to the current service; In IPv6, it is a 128-bit field that indicates the multicast IP destination address allocated to the current service. + +**udp\_port:** This 16-bit field indicates the UDP port number allocated to the current service. + +**Table 12 – Values of info\_type of different services** + +| Service | Value of info_type | Description | +|------------------------|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | 0x00~0x0F | Reserved | +| EPG | 0x10 | Unique identification of EPG | +| Advertisement | 0x11 | Unified identification of all picture advertising, including power on, handover, main menu, etc. | +| Government information | 0x12 | Unique identification of the government information service. | +| Stock | 0x13 | Unique identification of stock service | +| CAT/EMM | 0x14 | The EMM information of CA. | +| Upgrading stream | 0x15 | Upgrading stream channel | +| | 0x16~0xFE | Defined by users | +| | 0xFF | Reserved | + +**Table 13 – Values of data\_format** + +| Data format | Value | Description | +|--------------------|--------------|----------------------------| +| | 0x0 | Reserved | +| XML | 0x1 | The data is in XML format | +| HTML | 0x2 | The data is in HTML format | +| TS | 0x3 | The data is in TS format | + +#### 8.6.4 udp\_ts\_list\_descriptor + +The udp\_ts\_list\_descriptor describes the multicast IP addresses and port numbers of the audio/video (such as MPTS or SPTS) broadcast channels, as shown in Table 14. + +**Table 14 – udp\_ts\_list descriptor** + +| Syntax | Bit(s) | Mnemonic symbol | +|---------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------| +| udp_ts_list_descriptor () | | | +| { | | | +| descriptor_tag | 8 | uimsbf | +| descriptor_length | 8 | uimsbf | +| for (i=0;i128(IPv6) | uimsbf
uimsbf | +| udp_port | 16 | uimsbf | +| } | | | +| } | | | + +The semantics of the fields in the udp\_ts\_list\_descriptor are defined as follows: + +**descriptor\_tag:** This 8-bit descriptor-tag of udp\_ts\_list\_descriptor shall be set to 0xAC. + +**descriptor\_length:** This 8-bit field, indicates the length of udp\_ts\_list\_descriptor from the byte immediately after the descriptor\_length field to the end of the descriptor. + +**transport\_stream\_id:** This 16-bit field uniquely identifies the TS stream where the announcement resides. + +**udp\_ipaddress:** In IPv4, it is a 32-bit field that indicates the multicast IP destination address allocated to the current service; in IPv6, it is a 128-bit field that indicates the multicast IP destination address allocated to the current service. + +**udp\_port:** This 16-bit field indicates the UDP port number allocated to the current service. + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git 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TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.124** + +(03/2004) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Interactive systems for digital television distribution + +--- + +**Multiplexing format for multimedia webcasting +over TCP/IP networks** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.124 + +--- + + + +# **ITU-T Recommendation J.124** + +# **Multiplexing format for multimedia webcasting over TCP/IP networks** + +# **Summary** + +This Recommendation provides an extended multiplexing format based on ITU-T Rec. J.123, which is appropriate for audio and video transmission by download-based protocol over TCP/IP without any session control protocols between server and client, a.k.a. "Progressive Download". Fragmented structure is newly introduced into this Recommendation. In the fragment structure, media data is divided into media fragments, and a movie header is also divided into movie fragment headers according to the fragmented media data. Each movie fragment header corresponds to each media fragment, and these elements constitute a movie fragment. By adapting the fragment structure to long duration content, a huge header, which causes initial delay of the progressive streaming, can be avoided. In addition, formatted text information is stored in the media data so that these can be interleaved with one another in a file. This format also carries metadata, digital rights management (DRM) information as well as audio, video and text bitstreams. + +Examples of use of this Recommendation are given in Appendices I, II and III. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.124 was approved on 15 March 2004 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2001-2004) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +# INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2004 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +###### Page + +| | | | +|------|------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 | Normative references..... | 1 | +| 2.2 | Informative references..... | 1 | +| 2.3 | Bibliography ..... | 1 | +| 3 | Terms and definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 | Reference architecture ..... | 2 | +| 6 | Multiplexing format..... | 3 | +| 6.1 | Basic structure ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 | Object structure ..... | 3 | +| 6.3 | Box order ..... | 5 | +| 6.4 | Track structure..... | 6 | +| 6.5 | Media data structure ..... | 6 | +| 6.6 | Other descriptions..... | 6 | +| 7 | Box definitions ..... | 6 | +| 7.1 | File type box..... | 6 | +| 7.2 | Other boxes..... | 7 | +| 8 | Digital Rights Management (DRM) box ..... | 7 | +| 8.1 | Syntax ..... | 8 | +| 8.2 | Semantics..... | 8 | +| 9 | Timed text format ..... | 8 | +| 9.1 | Unicode support..... | 8 | +| 9.2 | Bytes, characters, and glyphs ..... | 9 | +| 9.3 | Character set support ..... | 9 | +| 9.4 | Font support..... | 9 | +| 9.5 | Fonts and metrics..... | 10 | +| 9.6 | Colour support ..... | 10 | +| 9.7 | Text rendering position and composition ..... | 10 | +| 9.8 | Marquee scrolling..... | 12 | +| 9.9 | Language ..... | 13 | +| 9.10 | Writing direction ..... | 13 | +| 9.11 | Text wrap..... | 14 | +| 9.12 | Highlighting, Closed Caption, and Karaoke..... | 14 | +| 9.13 | Media handler ..... | 14 | +| 9.14 | Media handler header ..... | 14 | +| 9.15 | Style record..... | 14 | +| 9.16 | Sample description format..... | 15 | + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 9.17 Sample format ..... | 16 | +| 9.18 Combinations of features..... | 20 | +| Appendix I – Application example: Typical VOD transmission..... | 21 | +| Appendix II – Application example: Random access transmission..... | 22 | +| Appendix III – Application example: Live video transmission..... | 23 | + +# Multiplexing format for multimedia webcasting over TCP/IP networks + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines a multiplexing format appropriate for progressive download, audio and video transmission by download-based protocol over TCP/IP. In contrast to ITU-T Rec. J.123, this Recommendation supports fragmented structure for long duration content. In addition, formatted text information is stored in the media data so that these can be interleaved with one another in a file. Using this format, webcasting of long duration content and live programs is realized. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +## 2.1 Normative references + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation J.123 (2002), *Multiplexing format for webcasting on TCP/IP network*. +- [2] ISO/IEC 14496-12:2004, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 12: ISO base media file format*. +- [3] ISO/IEC 14496-14:2003, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 14: MP4 file format*. + +## 2.2 Informative references + +- [4] ITU-T Recommendation J.120 (2000), *Distribution of sound and television programs over the IP network*. +- [5] ISO/IEC 14496-2:2001, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 2: Visual*. +- [6] ISO/IEC 14496-3:2001, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 3: Audio*. +- [7] IETF RFC 2068 (1997), *Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP/1.1*. + +## 2.3 Bibliography + +- [8] 3GPP TS 26.245:2003, *Transparent end-to-end streaming service; Timed text format*. + +# 3 Terms and definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 3.1 **box:** An object-oriented building block defined by a unique type identifier and length [2]. +- 3.2 **chunk:** A contiguous set of samples for one track. +- 3.3 **container box:** A box whose sole purpose is to contain and group a set of related boxes. +- 3.4 **movie box:** A container box whose sub-boxes define the metadata for a presentation ('moov'). +- 3.5 **media data box:** A container box which can hold the actual media data for a presentation ('mdat'). +- 3.6 **presentation:** One or more motion sequences, possibly combined with audio. +- 3.7 **progressive download:** Streaming by download-based protocol over TCP/IP without any session control protocols. Client can start playing the media before the full file is downloaded. +- 3.8 **sample:** An individual frame of video, or a time-contiguous compressed section of audio. +- 3.9 **sample description:** A structure which defines and describes the format of some number of samples in a track. +- 3.10 **sample table:** A packed directory for the timing and physical layout of the samples in a track. +- 3.11 **track:** A collection of related samples, which corresponds to a sequence of images or sampled audio. +- 3.12 **webcasting:** Webcasting is defined in ITU-T Rec. J.120, "*Distribution of sound and television programs over the IP network*". + +# 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------| +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| HTTP | HyperText Transport Protocol | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| MP4 | MPEG-4 File Format | +| SMIL | Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language | +| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol | +| UTF-8 | Unicode Transformation Format (the 8-bit form) | +| UTF-16 | Unicode Transformation Format (the 16-bit form) | +| UUID | Universal Unique Identifier | + +# 5 Reference architecture + +This Recommendation assumes that download-based protocol (e.g., HTTP) should be used for multimedia webcasting because it does not require any complex server-client protocols. + +The reference architecture for multimedia webcasting on TCP/IP is shown in Figure 5-1. + +![Architecture of multimedia webcasting on TCP/IP networks. A Webcasting server (HTTP server) sends a 'Contents flow' over 'HTTP/TCP/IP' to the 'Internet'. From the Internet, the flow branches to a 'Mobile IP network' (serving two 'Mobile terminal' devices) and an 'IP network (ISP, CATV)'. The IP network connects to a 'Home network' containing a 'PDA', 'STB', and 'PC'.](ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg) + +Architecture of multimedia webcasting on TCP/IP networks. A Webcasting server (HTTP server) sends a 'Contents flow' over 'HTTP/TCP/IP' to the 'Internet'. From the Internet, the flow branches to a 'Mobile IP network' (serving two 'Mobile terminal' devices) and an 'IP network (ISP, CATV)'. The IP network connects to a 'Home network' containing a 'PDA', 'STB', and 'PC'. + +J.124\_F5-1 + +Figure 5-1/J.124 – Architecture of multimedia webcasting on TCP/IP networks + +# 6 Multiplexing format + +## 6.1 Basic structure + +The format is structurally based on the ISO base media file format defined in [2]. Basic structure of the format is shown in Figure 6-1, which consists of extension data, contents header and media data. + +![Basic structure of a file format. The diagram shows a sequence of 'fragments' (1st and 2nd) within 'One file or one sequence'. Each fragment contains alternating 'V' (Video track), 'A' (Audio track), and 'T' (Timed text track) units. Below the fragments, 'Boxes' are identified: 'ftyp' Box, 'uuid' Box (private data: DRM), 'moov' Box (movie information), 'mdat' Box (media data), and 'moof' Box (movie fragments). A 'Chunk' is defined as consisting of several frames.](dbe553cf16dd14073b89a8263a428664_img.jpg) + +One file or one sequence + +1st fragment + +2nd fragment + +Chunk: consists of several frames + +'mdat' Box (media data) + +'moov' Box (movie information) + +'uuid' Box (private data: DRM) + +'ftyp' Box + +V Video track +A Audio track +T Timed text track + +J.124\_F6-2 + +Basic structure of a file format. The diagram shows a sequence of 'fragments' (1st and 2nd) within 'One file or one sequence'. Each fragment contains alternating 'V' (Video track), 'A' (Audio track), and 'T' (Timed text track) units. Below the fragments, 'Boxes' are identified: 'ftyp' Box, 'uuid' Box (private data: DRM), 'moov' Box (movie information), 'mdat' Box (media data), and 'moof' Box (movie fragments). A 'Chunk' is defined as consisting of several frames. + +Figure 6-1/J.124 – Basic structure of a file format + +## 6.2 Object structure + +The file is structured as a sequence of objects called "Box"; some of these objects may contain other objects. The sequence of objects in the file shall contain exactly one presentation metadata wrapper + +(the movie box 'moov'). It should be close to the beginning of the file. The other objects found at this level may be file type box 'ftyp', 'uuid' box, movie fragments 'moof', and media data boxes 'mdat'. + +All boxes defined in this Recommendation are listed in Table 6-1, and are indicated by grey shading. + +**Table 6-1/J.124 – Box types and structure** + +| | | | | | | | +|------|------|------|------|------|------|---------------------------------------------------------------| +| ftyp | | | | | | file type and compatibility | +| uuid | | | | | | uuid box for DRM (see clause 8) | +| moov | | | | | | container for all the information | +| | mvhd | | | | | movie header, overall declarations | +| | trak | | | | | container for an individual track or stream | +| | | tkhd | | | | track header, overall information about the track | +| | | tref | | | | track reference container | +| | | edts | | | | edit list container | +| | | | elst | | | an edit list | +| | | mdia | | | | container for the media information in a track | +| | | | mdhd | | | media header, overall information about the media | +| | | | hdlr | | | handler, declares the media (handler) type | +| | | | minf | | | media information container | +| | | | | vmhd | | video media header, overall information | +| | | | | smhd | | sound media header, overall information | +| | | | | hmhd | | hint media header, overall information | +| | | | | nmhd | | null media header, overall information | +| | | | | dinf | | data information box, container | +| | | | | | dref | data reference box, declares source(s) of media data in track | +| | | | | stbl | | sample table box, container for the time/space map | +| | | | | | stsd | sample descriptions (codec types, initialization etc.) | +| | | | | | stts | (decoding) time-to-sample | +| | | | | | ctts | (composition) time to sample | +| | | | | | stsc | sample-to-chunk, partial data-offset information | +| | | | | | stsz | sample sizes (framing) | +| | | | | | stz2 | compact sample sizes (framing) | +| | | | | | stco | chunk offset, partial data-offset information | +| | | | | | co64 | 64-bit chunk offset | +| | | | | | stss | sync sample table (random access points) | +| | | | | | stsh | shadow sync sample table | +| | | | | | padb | sample padding bits | +| | | | | | stdp | sample degradation priority | +| | mvex | | | | | movie extends box | +| | | mehd | | | | movie extends header box | +| | | trex | | | | track extends defaults | + +**Table 6-1/J.124 – Box types and structure** + +| | | | | | +|------|------|------|--|-----------------------------------------| +| moof | | | | movie fragment | +| | mfhd | | | movie fragment header | +| | traf | | | track fragment | +| | | tfhd | | track fragment header | +| | | trun | | track fragment run | +| mfra | | | | movie fragment random access (optional) | +| | tfra | | | track fragment random access | +| | mfro | | | movie fragment random access offset | +| mdat | | | | media data container | +| free | | | | free space | +| skip | | | | free space | +| | udta | | | user-data | +| | | cprt | | copyright, etc. | + +## 6.3 Box order + +This Recommendation defines box order as follows. Only the top-level boxes are indicated. + +### 6.3.1 Non-fragmented structure + +As shown in Figure 6-2, the boxes are transmitted or stored from left to right order. Exactly one file type box ('ftyp'), exactly one DRM UUID box ('uuid'), exactly one movie box ('moov') and exactly one media data box ('mdat') shall exist in the format. Other boxes not defined in this Recommendation may occur and decoders shall skip and ignore any unrecognized box. + +![](5e92d9e8e9ce204e405bff2367f88176_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|------|-----------|------|------| +| ftyp | DRM(uuid) | moov | mdat | +|------|-----------|------|------| + +**Figure 6-2/J.124 – Non-fragmented structure** + +### 6.3.2 Fragmented structure + +Fragmented structure should be used for long duration content. The first fragment is the same as that of non-fragmented structure as shown in Figure 6-3. + +![](18442e4e239480f0c3c95b547aa8fde2_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|------|-----------|------|------| +| ftyp | DRM(uuid) | moov | mdat | +|------|-----------|------|------| + +**Figure 6-3/J.124 – The first fragment** + +For the second and subsequent fragments, each fragment shall consist of exactly one movie fragment box ('moof') and exactly one media data box ('mdat'). The fragments shall be in sequence order as shown in Figure 6-4. + +![](f14e75bd1c6e2f234db4775dbf0dbf1a_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | +|------|------|-------|------|------| +| moof | mdat | ..... | moof | mdat | +|------|------|-------|------|------| + +**Figure 6-4/J.124 – The second fragment and subsequent fragments** + +## 6.4 Track structure + +This Recommendation defines the following track structure. + +- One video track; +- One audio track; +- One video track and one audio track; +- One video track and one text track; +- One audio track and one text track; +- One video track, one audio track and one text track. + +The maximum number of tracks shall be one for video, one for audio and one for text. Moreover, at least one video or one audio track shall exist. + +The maximum number of sample entries shall be one per track for video and audio, but unrestricted for text. + +## 6.5 Media data structure + +If the media data contains multiple tracks, it shall be interleaved inside the format as chunks. + +- The interleaving order shall correspond to the track storing order. +- Chunks corresponding to the track shall be in time order. +- One second interleaving length is recommended, and it shall be less than five seconds. + +## 6.6 Other descriptions + +This Recommendation applies the following descriptions to ISO base media file format [2]. + +- The fields in the objects are stored with the most significant byte first, commonly known as network byte order or big-endian format. +- There shall be no references to external media outside the format, i.e., a data shall be self-contained. +- Hint tracks are a mechanism that a server implementation may choose to use in preparation for the streaming of media content. However, it should be noted that the usage of hint tracks is an internal implementation matter for the server, and it falls outside the scope of this Recommendation. +- All index numbers used in the format start with the value one rather than zero, in particular, "first-chunk" in sample-to-chunk box, "sample-number" in sync sample box and "shadowed-sample-number", "sync-sample-number" in shadow sync sample box. +- For the storage of ISO/IEC MPEG-4 media-specific information, this Recommendation refers to MP4 file format [3], which is also based on the ISO base media file format [2]. However, tracks relative to MPEG-4 system architectural elements (e.g., BIFS, OD) are optional in this Recommendation and shall be ignored. The inclusion of MPEG-4 media does not imply the usage of MPEG-4 systems architecture. The decoder is not required to implement any of the specific MPEG-4 system architectural elements. + +# 7 Box definitions + +## 7.1 File type box + +### 7.1.1 Definition + +Box type: 'ftyp' + +Container: File + +Mandatory: Yes + +Quantity: Exactly one + +A media-file structured to this part of this specification may be compatible with more than one detailed specification, and it is, therefore, not always possible to speak of a single 'type' or 'brand' for the file. This means that the utility of the file name extension and mime type are somewhat reduced. + +This box must be placed as early as possible in the file (e.g., after any obligatory signature, but before any significant variable-size boxes such as the UUID box, movie box or media data box). It identifies which specification is the 'best use' of the file, and a minor version of that specification, and also a set of other specifications to which the file complies. Readers implementing this format should attempt to read files which are marked as compatible with any of the specifications which the reader implements. Any incompatible change in a specification should, therefore, register a new 'brand' identifier to identify files conformant to the new specification. + +The type 'sg92' is defined in this clause as identifying files which conform to the format in this Recommendation. More specific identifiers can be used to identify precise versions of specifications providing more detail. + +Files would normally be externally identified (e.g., with a file extension or mime type) that identifies the 'best use' (major brand), or the brand that the author believes will provide the greatest compatibility. + +### 7.1.2 Syntax + +``` +aligned(8) class FileTypeBox + extends Box('ftyp') { + unsigned int(32) major-brand; + unsigned int(32) minor-version; + unsigned int(32) compatible-brands[]; // to end of the box + } +``` + +### 7.1.3 Semantics + +This box identifies the specifications to which this file complies. + +Each brand is a printable four-character code that identifies a precise specification. Only one brand is defined here: 'sg92', identifies files structurally conformant to this media-independent part of this specification. + +major-brand – is a brand identifier; + +minor-version – is an informative integer for the minor version of the major brand; + +compatible-brands – is a list, to the end of the box, of brands. + +## 7.2 Other boxes + +Definitions of all other boxes are found in the reference [2]. + +# 8 Digital Rights Management (DRM) box + +DRM information is formatted in 'uuid' box. Functions for DRM are described as follows: + +- Copy prohibition; +- Expiration date; +- Validation period after downloading; +- Number of times play. + +Rights management information controls play and/or retransmission of the downloaded file. It is contained in 'uuid' box of this format. + +## 8.1 Syntax + +``` +aligned(8) class CopyGuardBox extends FullBox ('uuid', version = 0, flags){ + bit(32) copy-guard; + unsigned int(32) limit-date; + unsigned int(32) limit-period; + unsigned int(32) limit-count; +} +``` + +## 8.2 Semantics + +| Field | Type | Description | Parameters | +|--------------|-----------|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| type | uint32 | Type of box | 'uuid' is set | +| usertype | uint8[16] | ID | "cpgd"-A88C-11d4-8197-09027087703 | +| version | uint8 | Version | 0 is set | +| flags | bit24 | Management flags | 0: No limitation
1: Limitation by expiration date
2: Limitation by validated period
4: Limitation by playing number of times
Except in the case of No limitation, the following "never copy" flag shall be set to '1' | +| copy-guard | uint32 | Copy prohibition | 0: copy permitted
otherwise: copy prohibited | +| limit-date | uint32 | Expiration date | Specify the expiration date in seconds from 1904/1/1 0:00 GMT | +| limit-period | uint32 | Validated period | Specify the validated period in days after the file is downloaded | +| limit-count | uint32 | Playing number of times | '1' means that the file can be played only once | + +# 9 Timed text format + +This clause defines the format of timed text. All the text in this clause is incorporated from 3GPP Technical Specification, 3GPP TS 26.245 V0.1.7 (2003-11-25) Clause 5, Timed text format [8]. + +Operators may specify additional rules and restrictions when deploying terminals, in addition to this specification, and behaviour that is optional here may be mandatory for particular deployments. In particular, the required character set is almost certainly dependent on the geography of the deployment. + +## 9.1 Unicode support + +Text in this specification uses the Unicode 3.0 standard. Terminals shall correctly decode both UTF-8 and UTF-16 into the required characters. If a terminal receives a Unicode code, which it cannot display, it shall display a predictable result. It shall not treat multi-byte UTF-8 characters as a series of ASCII characters, for example. + +Authors should create fully-composed Unicode; terminals are not required to handle decomposed sequences for which there is a fully-composed equivalent. + +Terminals shall conform to the conformance statement in Unicode 3.0 section 3.1. + +Text strings for display and font names are uniformly coded in UTF-8, or start with a UTF-16 byte-order mark (`\uFEFF`) and by that, indicate that the string which starts with the byte-order mark is in UTF-16. Terminals shall recognize the byte-order mark in this byte order; they are not required to recognize byte-reversed UTF-16, indicated by a byte-reversed byte-order mark. + +## 9.2 Bytes, characters, and glyphs + +This clause uses these terms judiciously. Since multi-byte characters are permitted (i.e., 16-bit Unicode characters), the number of characters in a string may not be the number of bytes. Also, a byte-order-mark is not a character at all, though it occupies two bytes. So, for example, storage lengths are specified as byte-counts, whereas highlighting is specified using character offsets. + +It should also be noted that in some writing systems, the number of glyphs rendered might be different again. For example, in English, the characters 'fi' are sometimes rendered as a single ligature glyph. + +In this specification, the first character is at offset 0 in the string. In records specifying both a start and end offset, the end offset shall be greater than or equal to the start offset. In cases where several offset specifications occur in sequence, the start offset of an element shall be greater than or equal to the end offset of the preceding element. + +## 9.3 Character set support + +All terminals shall be able to render Unicode characters in these ranges: + +- a) basic ASCII and Latin-1 (`\u0000` to `\u00FF`), though not all the control characters in this range are needed; +- b) the Euro currency symbol (`\u20AC`); +- c) telephone and ballot symbols (`\u260E` through `\u2612`). + +Support for the following characters is recommended but not required: + +- a) miscellaneous technical symbols (`\u2300` through `\u2335`); +- b) 'Zapf Dingbats': locations `\u2700` through `\u27AF`, and the locations where some symbols have been relocated (e.g., `\u2605`, Black star). + +The private use characters `\u0091` and `\u0092`, and the initial range of the private use area `\uE000` through `\uE0FF` are reserved in this specification. For these Unicode values, and for control characters for which there is no defined graphical behaviour, the terminal shall not display any result: neither a glyph is shown nor is the current rendering position changed. + +## 9.4 Font support + +Fonts are specified in this specification by name, size, and style. There are three special names which shall be recognized by the terminal: Serif, Sans-Serif, and Monospace. It is strongly recommended that these be different fonts for the required characters from ASCII and Latin-1. For many other characters, the terminal may have a limited set or only a single font. Terminals requested to render a character where the selected font does not support that character should substitute a suitable font. This ensures that languages with only one font (e.g., Asian languages), or symbols for which there is only one form, are rendered. + +Fonts are requested by name, in an ordered list. Authors should normally specify one of the special names last in the list. + +Terminals shall support a pixel size of 12 (on a 72 dpi display, this would be a point size of 12). If a size is requested other than the size(s) supported by the terminal, the next smaller supported size + +should be used. If the requested size is smaller than the smallest supported size, the terminal should use the smallest supported size. + +Terminals shall support unstyled text for those characters it supports. It may also support bold, italic (oblique) and bold-italic. If a style is requested which the terminal does not support, it should substitute a supported style; a character shall be rendered if the terminal has that character in any style of any font. + +## 9.5 Fonts and metrics + +Within the sample description, a complete list of the fonts used in the samples is found. This enables the terminal to preload them, or to decide on font substitution. + +Terminals may use varying versions of the same font. For example, here is the same text rendered on two systems; it was authored on the first, where it just fitted into the text box. + +### Example: + +| | +|-----------------------------------------------------| +| This is a string which is rendered to the terminal. | +| This is a string which is rendered to the termin | + +Authors should be aware of this possible variation, and provide text box areas with some 'slack' to allow for rendering variations. + +## 9.6 Colour support + +The colour of both text and background are indicated in this specification using RGB values. Terminals are not required to be able to display all colours in the RGB space. Terminals with a limited colour display, with only gray-scale display, and with only black-and-white are permissible. If a terminal has a limited colour capability it should substitute a suitable colour; dithering of text may be used but is not usually appropriate as it results in "fuzzy" display. If colour substitution is performed, the substitution shall be consistent: the same RGB colour shall result consistently in the same displayed colour. If the same colour is chosen for background and text, then the text shall be invisible (unless a style, such as highlight, changes its colour). If different colours are specified for the background and text, the terminal shall map these to different colours so that the text is visible. + +Colours in this specification also have an alpha or transparency value. In this specification, a transparency value of 0 indicates a fully transparent colour, and a value of 255 indicates fully opaque. Support for partial or full transparency is optional. 'Keying' text (text rendered on a transparent background) is done by using a background colour which is fully transparent. 'Keying' text over video or pictures, and support for transparency in general, can be complex and may require double-buffering, and its support is optional in the terminal. Content authors should beware that if they specify a colour which is not fully opaque, and the content is played on a terminal not supporting it, the affected area (the entire text box for a background colour) will be fully opaque and will obscure visual material behind it. Visual material with transparency is layered closer to the viewer than the material which it partially obscures. + +## 9.7 Text rendering position and composition + +Text is rendered within a region (a concept derived from SMIL). There is a text box set within that region. This permits the terminal to position the text within the overall presentation, and also to render the text appropriately given the writing direction. For text written left to right, for example, the first character would be rendered at, or near, the left edge of the box, and with its baseline down from the top of the box by one baseline height (a value derived from the font and font size chosen). Similar considerations apply to the other writing directions. + +Within the region, text is rendered within a text box. There is a default text box set, which can be overridden by a sample. + +Either the text box or text region is filled with the background colour; after that, the text is painted in the text colour. If highlighting is requested, one or both of these colours may vary. + +Terminals may choose to anti-alias their text, or not. + +The text region and layering are defined using structures from the ISO base media file format. + +This track header box is used for text track: + +``` +aligned(8) class TrackHeaderBox + extends FullBox('tkhd', version, flags){ + if (version==1) { + unsigned int(64) creation_time; + unsigned int(64) modification_time; + unsigned int(32) track_ID; + const unsigned int(32) reserved = 0; + unsigned int(64) duration; + } else { // version==0 + unsigned int(32) creation_time; + unsigned int(32) modification_time; + unsigned int(32) track_ID; + const unsigned int(32) reserved = 0; + unsigned int(32) duration; + } + const unsigned int(32) [2] reserved = 0; + int(16) layer; + template int(16) alternate_group = 0; + template int(16) volume = 0; + const unsigned int(16) reserved = 0; + template int(32) [9] matrix= + { 0x00010000,0,0,0,0x00010000,0,tx,ty,0x40000000 }; + // unity matrix + unsigned int(32) width; + unsigned int(32) height; + } +} +``` + +Visually composed tracks, including video and text, are layered using the 'layer' value. This compares, for example, to z-index in SMIL. More negative layer values are towards the viewer. (This definition is compatible with that in ISO/MJ2.) + +The region is defined by the track width and height, and translation offset. This corresponds to the SMIL region. The width and height are stored in the track header fields above. The sample description sets a text box within the region, which can be overridden by the samples. + +The translation values are stored in the track header matrix in the following positions: + +``` +{ 0x00010000,0,0,0,0x00010000,0, tx, ty, 0x40000000 } +``` + +These values are fixed-point 16.16 values, here restricted to be integers (the lower 16 bits of each value shall be zero). The X axis increases from left to right; the Y axis from top to bottom. (This use of the matrix is conformant with ISO/MJ2.) + +So, for example, a centred region of size $200 \times 20$ , positioned below a video of size $320 \times 240$ , would have track\_width set to 200 (width = 0x00c80000), track\_height set to 20 (height = 0x00140000), and tx = $(320 - 200)/2 = 60$ , and ty = 240. + +Since matrices are not used on the video tracks, all video tracks are set at the coordinate origin. Figure 9-1 provides an overview: + +![Figure 9-1/J.124 – Illustration of text rendering position and composition. The diagram shows a 'Display area' (yellow hatched rectangle) containing a 'Video track' (blue rectangle) and a 'Text track' (green dashed rectangle). The 'Text track' contains a 'Text box' (blue hatched rectangle). The 'Text track' is positioned at (tx, ty) relative to the origin. The 'Text box' is defined by its top-left corner at (left, top) and its bottom-right corner at (right, bottom). The 'width' of the text box is indicated by a double-headed arrow at the bottom. The 'height' of the text box is indicated by a double-headed arrow on the left. The 'Display area' is labeled 'J.124_F9-1'.](ff7ce44f3fdd51bae7b231f34df07c6a_img.jpg) + +Figure 9-1/J.124 – Illustration of text rendering position and composition. The diagram shows a 'Display area' (yellow hatched rectangle) containing a 'Video track' (blue rectangle) and a 'Text track' (green dashed rectangle). The 'Text track' contains a 'Text box' (blue hatched rectangle). The 'Text track' is positioned at (tx, ty) relative to the origin. The 'Text box' is defined by its top-left corner at (left, top) and its bottom-right corner at (right, bottom). The 'width' of the text box is indicated by a double-headed arrow at the bottom. The 'height' of the text box is indicated by a double-headed arrow on the left. The 'Display area' is labeled 'J.124\_F9-1'. + +**Figure 9-1/J.124 – Illustration of text rendering position and composition** + +The top and left positions of the text track is determined by the tx and ty, which are the translation values from the coordinate origin (since the video track is at the origin, this is also the offset from the video track). The default text box set in the sample description sets the rendering area unless overridden by a 'tbox' in the text sample. The box values are defined as the relative values from the top and left positions of the text track. + +It should be noted that this only specifies the relationship of the tracks within a single 3GP file. If a SMIL presentation lays up multiple files, their relative position is set by the SMIL regions. Each file is assigned to a region, and then, within those regions, the spatial relationship of the tracks is defined. + +## 9.8 Marquee scrolling + +Text can be 'marquee' scrolled in this specification (compare this to Internet Explorer's marquee construction). When scrolling is performed, the terminal first calculates the position in which the text would be displayed with no scrolling requested. Then: + +- If scroll-in is requested, the text is initially invisible, just outside the text box, and enters the box in the indicated direction, scrolling until it is in the normal position; +- If scroll-out is requested, the text scrolls from the normal position, in the indicated direction, until it is completely outside the text box. + +The rendered text is clipped to the text box in each display position, as always. This means that it is possible to scroll a string which is longer than can fit into the text box, progressively disclosing it (for example, like a ticker-tape). Note that both scroll in and scroll out may be specified; the text scrolls continuously from its invisible initial position, through the normal position, and out to its final position. + +If a scroll-delay is specified, the text stays steady in its normal position (not initial position) for the duration of the delay; so the delay is after a scroll-in, but before a scroll-out. This means that the scrolling is not continuous if both are specified. So, without a delay, the text is in motion for the duration of the sample. For a scroll in, it reaches its normal position at the end of the sample duration; with a delay, it reaches its normal position before the end of the sample duration, and + +remains in its normal position for the delay duration which ends at the end of the sample duration. Similarly, for a scroll out, the delay happens in its normal position before scrolling starts. If both scroll in, and scroll out are specified, with a delay, the text scrolls in, stays stationary at the normal position for the delay period, and then scrolls out – all within the sample duration. + +The speed of scrolling is calculated so that the complete operation takes place within the duration of the sample. Therefore, the scrolling has to occur within the time left after scroll-delay has been subtracted from the sample duration. Note that the time it takes to scroll a string may depend on the rendered length of the actual text string. Authors should consider whether the scrolling speed that results will be exceeded by that at which text on a wireless terminal could be readable. + +Terminals may use simple algorithms to determine the actual scroll speed. For example, the speed may be determined by moving the text an integer number of pixels in every update cycle. Terminals should choose a scroll speed which is as fast, or faster, than needed so that the scroll operation completes within the sample duration. + +Terminals are not required to handle dynamic or stylistic effects such as highlight, dynamic highlight, or href links on scrolled text. + +The scrolling direction is set by a two-bit field, with the following possible values: + +- 00b – text is vertically scrolled up ('credits style'), entering from the bottom and leaving towards the top. +- 01b – text is horizontally scrolled ('marquee style'), entering from the right and leaving towards the left. +- 10b – text is vertically scrolled down, entering from the top and leaving towards the bottom. +- 11b – text is horizontally scrolled, entering from the left and leaving towards the right. + +## 9.9 Language + +The human language used in this stream is declared by the language field of the media-header box in this track. It is an ISO 639/T 3-letter code. The knowledge of the language used might assist searching, or speaking the text. Rendering is language neutral. Note that the values 'und' (undetermined) and 'mul' (multiple languages) might occur. + +## 9.10 Writing direction + +Writing direction specifies the way in which the character position changes after each character is rendered. It also will imply a start-point for the rendering within the box. + +Terminals shall support the determination of writing direction, for those characters they support, according to the Unicode 3.0 specification. Note that the only required characters can all be rendered using left-right behaviour. A terminal which supports characters with right-left writing direction shall support the right-left composition rules specified in Unicode. + +Terminals may also set, or allow the user to set, an overall writing direction, either explicitly or implicitly (e.g., by the language selection). This affects layout. For example, if upper-case letters are left-right, and lower-case right-left, and the Unicode string ABCdefGHI shall be rendered, it would appear as ABCfedGHI on a terminal with overall left-right writing (English, for example) and GHIfedABC on a system with overall right-left (Hebrew, for example). + +Terminals are not required to support the bidirectional ordering codes (\u200E, \u200F and \u202A through \u202E). + +If vertical text is requested by the content author, characters are laid out vertically from top to bottom. The terminal may choose to render different glyphs for this writing direction (e.g., a horizontal parenthesis), but, in general, the glyphs should not be rotated. The direction in which lines advance (left-right, as used for European languages, or right-left, as used for Asian languages) + +is set by the terminal, possibly by a direct or indirect user preference (e.g., a language setting). Terminals shall support vertical writing of the required character set. It is recommended that terminals support vertical writing of text in those languages commonly written vertically (e.g., Asian languages). If vertical text is requested for characters which the terminal cannot render vertically, the terminal may behave as if the characters were not available. + +## 9.11 Text wrap + +Automatic wrapping of text from line to line is complex and can require hyphenation rules and other complex language-specific criteria. For these reasons, soft text wrap is optional in this specification. Text wrap behaviour may be specified using a TextWrapBox, and a terminal that does not support this feature shall not perform soft text wrapping. When text wrap is not used and a string is too long to be drawn within the box, it is clipped. The terminal may choose whether to clip at the pixel boundary, or to render only whole glyphs. + +There may be multiple lines of text in a sample (hard wrap). Terminals shall start a new line for the Unicode characters line separator (\u2028), paragraph separator (\u2029) and line feed (\u000A). It is recommended that terminals follow Unicode Technical Report 13. Terminals should treat carriage return (\u000D), next line (\u0085) and CR+LF (\u000D\u000A) as new line. + +## 9.12 Highlighting, Closed Caption, and Karaoke + +Text may be highlighted for emphasis. Since this is a non-interactive system, solely for text display, the utility of this function may be limited. + +Dynamic highlighting used for Closed Caption and Karaoke highlighting, is an extension of highlighting. Successive contiguous sub-strings of the text sample are highlighted at the specified times. + +## 9.13 Media handler + +A text stream is its own unique stream type. For the 3GPP file format, the handler-type within the 'hdlr' box shall be 'text'. + +## 9.14 Media handler header + +The 3G text track uses an empty null media header ('nmhd'), called Mpeg4MediaHeaderBox in the MP4 specification [3], in common with other MPEG streams. + +``` +aligned(8) class Mpeg4MediaHeaderBox + extends FullBox('nmhd', version = 0, flags) { +} +``` + +## 9.15 Style record + +Both the sample format and the sample description contain style records, and so it is defined once here for compactness. + +``` +aligned(8) class StyleRecord { + unsigned int(16) startChar; + unsigned int(16) endChar; + unsigned int(16) font-ID; + unsigned int(8) face-style-flags; + unsigned int(8) font-size; + unsigned int(8) text-color-rgba; +} +``` + +startChar: character offset of the beginning of this style run (always 0 in a sample description). + +endChar: first character offset to which this style does not apply (always 0 in a sample description); shall be greater than or equal to startChar. All characters, including line-break characters and any other non-printing characters, are included in the character counts. + +font-ID: font identifier from the font table; in a sample description, this is the default font. + +face-style-flags: in the absence of any bits set, the text is plain: + +- 1 bold; +- 2 italic; +- 4 underline. + +font-size: font size (nominal pixel size, in essentially the same units as the width and height). + +text-color-rgba: rgb colour, 8 bits each of red, green, blue, and an alpha (transparency) value. + +Terminals shall support plain text, and underlined horizontal text, and may support bold, italic and bold-italic depending on their capabilities and the font selected. If a style is not supported, the text shall still be rendered in the closest style available. + +## 9.16 Sample description format + +The sample table box ('stbl') contains sample descriptions for the text track. Each entry is a sample entry box of type 'tx3g'. This name defines the format both of the sample description and the samples associated with that sample description. Terminals shall not attempt to decode or display sample descriptions with unrecognized names, nor the samples attached to those sample descriptions. + +It starts with the standard fields (the reserved bytes and the data reference index), and then some text-specific fields. Some fields can be overridden or supplemented by additional boxes within the text sample itself. These are discussed below. + +There can be multiple text sample descriptions in the sample table. If the overall text characteristics do not change from one sample to the next, the same sample description is used. Otherwise, a new sample description is added to the table. Not all changes to text characteristics require a new sample description, however. Some characteristics, such as font size, can be overridden on a character-by-character basis. Some, such as dynamic highlighting, are not part of the text sample description and can be changed dynamically. + +The TextDescription extends the regular sample entry with the following fields. + +``` +class FontRecord { + unsigned int(16) font-ID; + unsigned int(8) font-name-length; + unsigned int(8) font[font-name-length]; +} + +class FontTableBox() extends Box('ftab') { + unsigned int(16) entry-count; + FontRecord font-entry[entry-count]; +} + +class BoxRecord { + signed int(16) top; + signed int(16) left; + signed int(16) bottom; + signed int(16) right; +} +``` + +``` + +class TextSampleEntry() extends SampleEntry ('tx3g') { + unsigned int(32) displayFlags; + signed int(8) horizontal-justification; + signed int(8) vertical-justification; + unsigned int(8) background-color-rgba; + BoxRecord default-text-box; + StyleRecord default-style; + FontTableBox font-table; +} + +``` + +displayFlags: + +| | | | +|-----------------------|------------|------------------------| +| scroll In | 0x00000020 | | +| scroll Out | 0x00000040 | | +| scroll direction | 0x00000180 | / see above for values | +| continuous karaoke | 0x00000800 | | +| write text vertically | 0x00020000 | | +| fill text region | 0x00040000 | | + +horizontal and vertical justification: / two eight-bit values from the following list: + +| | | +|---------------|----| +| left, top | 0 | +| centred | 1 | +| bottom, right | -1 | + +background-color-rgba: rgb color, 8 bits each of red, green, blue, and an alpha (transparency) value; +default text box: the default text box is set by four values, relative to the text region; it may be overridden in samples; + +style record of default style: startChar and endChar shall be zero in a sample description. + +The text box is inset within the region defined by the track translation offset, width, and height. The values in the box are relative to the track region, and are uniformly coded with respect to the pixel grid. So, for example, the default text box for a track at the top left of the track region and 50 pixels high and 100 pixels wide is {0, 0, 50, 100}. + +If the 'fill text region' flag is 0 (the default value, and the value from previous releases), then the background fill is applied to the text box only. If this flag is 1, then the author is requesting that the background fill be applied to the entire text region, if possible. Note that this flag was not defined in previous releases and will not, therefore, always be interpreted. Implementation of this flag is recommended but not required for compliance. + +A font table shall follow these fields to define the complete set of fonts used. The font table is a box of type 'ftab'. Every font used in the samples is defined here by name. Each entry consists of a 16-bit local font identifier, and a font name, expressed as a string, preceded by an 8-bit field giving the length of the string in bytes. The name is expressed in UTF-8 characters, unless preceded by a UTF-16 byte-order-mark, whereupon the rest of the string is in 16-bit Unicode characters. The string should be a comma-separated list of font names to be used as alternative fonts, in preference order. The special names "Serif", "Sans-serif" and "Monospace" may be used. The terminal should use the first font in the list which it can support; if it cannot support any for a given character, but it has a font which can, it should use that font. Note that this substitution is technically character-by-character, but terminals are encouraged to keep runs of characters in a consistent font where possible. + +## 9.17 Sample format + +Each sample in the media data consists of a string of text, optionally followed by sample modifier boxes. + +For example, if one word in the sample has a different size than the others, a 'styl' box is appended to that sample, specifying a new text style for those characters, and for the remaining characters in the sample. This overrides the style in the sample description. These boxes are present only if they are needed. If all text conforms to the sample description, and no characteristics are applied that the sample description does not cover, no boxes are inserted into the sample data. + +``` +class TextSampleModifierBox(type) extends Box(type) { +} + +class TextSample { + unsigned int(16) text-length; + unsigned int(8) text[text-length]; + TextSampleModifierBox text-modifier[]; // to end of the sample +} +``` + +The initial string is preceded by a 16-bit count of the number of bytes in the string. There is no need for null termination of the text string. The sample size table provides the complete byte-count of each sample, including the trailing modifier boxes; by comparing the string length and the sample size, you can determine how much space, if any, is left for modifier boxes. + +Authors should limit the string in each text sample to not more than 2048 bytes, for maximum terminal interoperability. + +Any unrecognized box found in the text sample should be skipped and ignored, and processing continue as if it were not there. + +### 9.17.1 Sample modifier boxes + +#### 9.17.1.1 Text style + +'styl' + +This specifies the style of the text. It consists of a series of style records as defined above, preceded by a 16-bit count of the number of style records. Each record specifies the starting and ending character positions of the text to which it applies. The styles shall be ordered by starting character offset, and the starting offset of one style record shall be greater than or equal to the ending character offset of the preceding record; styles records shall not overlap their character ranges. + +``` +class TextStyleBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('styl') { + unsigned int(16) entry-count; + StyleRecord text-styles[entry-count]; +} +``` + +#### 9.17.1.2 Highlight + +'hlit' + +This specifies highlighted text: the box contains two 16-bit integers, the starting character to highlight, and the first character with no highlighting (e.g., values 4, 6 would highlight the two characters 4 and 5). The second value may be the number of characters in the text plus one, to indicate that the last character is highlighted. + +``` +class TextHighlightBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('hlit') { + unsigned int(16) startcharoffset; + unsigned int(16) endcharoffset; +} +class TextHilightColorBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('hclr') { + unsigned int(8) highlight_color_rgba; +} +``` + +highlight\_color\_rgb: rgb color, 8 bits each of red, green, blue, and an alpha (transparency) value. + +The TextHilightColor Box may be present when the TextHighlightBox or TextKaraokeBox is present in a text sample. It is recommended that terminals use the following rules to determine the displayed effect when highlight is requested: + +- a) if a highlight colour is not specified, then the text is highlighted using a suitable technique such as inverse video: both the text colour and the background colour change. +- b) if a highlight colour is specified, the background colour is set to the highlight colour for the highlighted characters; the text colour does not change. + +Terminals do not need to handle text that is both scrolled and either statically or dynamically highlighted. Content authors should avoid specifying both scroll and highlight for the same sample. + +#### 9.17.1.3 Dynamic highlight + +'krok' + +Karaoke, closed caption, or dynamic highlighting. The number of highlight events is specified, and each event is specified by a starting and ending character offset and an end-time for the event. The start-time is either the sample start-time or the end-time of the previous event. The specified characters are highlighted from the previous end-time (initially the beginning of this sample's time), to the end-time. The times are all specified relative to the sample's time; that is, a time of 0 represents the beginning of the sample time. The times are measured in the time-scale of the track. + +The box starts with the start-time offset of the first highlight event, a 16-bit count of the event count, and then that number of 8-byte records. Each record contains the end-time offset as a 32-bit number, and the text start and end values, each as a 16-bit number. These values are specified as in the highlight record: the offset of the first character to highlight, and the offset of the first character not highlighted. The special case, where the startcharoffset equals to the endcharoffset, can be used to pause during, or at the beginning of, dynamic highlighting. The records shall be ordered and not overlap, as in the highlight record. The time in each record is the end-time of this highlight event; the first highlight event starts at the indicated start-time offset from the start-time of the sample. The time values are in the units expressed by the time-scale of the track. The time values shall not exceed the duration of the sample. + +The continuouskaraoke flag controls whether to highlight only those characters (continuouskaraoke = 0) selected by a karaoke entry, or the entire string from the beginning up to the characters highlighted (continuouskaraoke = 1) at any given time. In other words, the flag specifies whether karaoke should ignore the starting offset and highlight all text from the beginning of the sample to the ending offset. + +Karaoke highlighting is usually achieved by using the highlight colour as the text colour, without changing the background. + +At most one dynamic highlight ('krok') box may occur in a sample. + +``` +class TextKaraokeBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('krok') { + unsigned int(32) highlight-start-time; + unsigned int(16) entry-count; + for (i=1; i<=entry-count; i++) { + unsigned int(32) highlight-end-time; + unsigned int(16) startcharoffset; + unsigned int(16) endcharoffset; + } +} +``` + +#### 9.17.1.4 Scroll delay + +'dlay' + +This specifies a delay after a Scroll In and/or before Scroll Out. A 32-bit integer specifying the delay, in the units of the time-scale of the track. The default delay, in the absence of this box, is 0. + +``` +class TextScrollDelayBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('dlay') { + unsigned int(32) scroll-delay; +} +``` + +#### 9.17.1.5 HyperText + +'href' + +HyperText link. The existence of the hypertext link is visually indicated in a suitable style (e.g., underlined blue text). + +This box contains these values: + +startCharOffset: the start offset of the text to be linked; + +endCharOffset: the end offset of the text (start offset + number of characters); + +URLLength: the number of bytes in the following URL; + +URL: UTF-8 characters – the linked-to URL; + +altLength: the number of bytes in the following "alt" string; + +altstring: UTF-8 characters – an "alt" string for user display. + +The URL should be an absolute URL, as the context for a relative URL may not always be clear. + +The "alt" string may be used as a tool-tip or other visual clue, as a substitute for the URL, if desired by the terminal, to display to the user as a hint on where the link refers. + +Hypertext-linked text should not be scrolled; not all terminals can display this or manage the user interaction to determine whether the user has interacted with moving text. It is also hard for the user to interact with scrolling text. + +``` +class TextHyperTextBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('href') { + unsigned int(16) startcharoffset; + unsigned int(16) endcharoffset; + unsigned int(8) URLLength; + unsigned int(8) URL[URLLength]; + unsigned int(8) altLength; + unsigned int(8) altstring[altLength]; +} +``` + +#### 9.17.1.6 Textbox + +'tbox' + +Text box override. This overrides the default text box set in the sample description. + +``` +class TextboxBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('tbox') { + BoxRecord text-box; +} +``` + +#### 9.17.1.7 Blink + +'blink' + +Blinking text. This requests blinking text for the indicated character range. Terminals are not required to support blinking text, and the precise way in which blinking is achieved, and its rate, is terminal-dependent. + +``` + +class BlinkBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('blnk') { + unsigned int(16) startcharoffset; + unsigned int(16) endcharoffset; +} + +``` + +#### 9.17.1.8 Text wrap indication + +'twrp' + +This specifies text wrap behaviour: the box contains one 8-bit integer as a wrap mode flag. + +``` + +class TextWrapBox() extends TextSampleModifierBox ('twrp') { + unsigned int(8) wrap_flag; +} + +``` + +wrap\_flag: a value from Table 9-1. + +**Table 9-1/J.124 – Wrap flag values** + +| Value | Description | +|-----------|-------------------------------| +| 0x00 | No wrap | +| 0x01 | Automatic 'soft' wrap enabled | +| 0x02-0xFF | Reserved | + +## 9.18 Combinations of features + +Two modifier boxes of the same type shall not be applied to the same character (e.g., it is not permitted to have two href links from the same text). As the 'hclr', 'dlay' and 'tbox' are globally applied to the whole text in a sample, each sample shall contain at most one 'hclr', at most one 'dlay', and at most one 'tbox' modifier. + +Table 9-2 details the effects of multiple options: + +**Table 9-2/J.124 – Combinations of features** + +| | | Sample description style record | First sample modifier box | | | | | +|---------------------------------------|-------------|---------------------------------|---------------------------|------|------|------|------| +| | | | styl | hlit | krok | href | blnk | +| Second sample
modifier box
| styl | 1 | 3 | | | | | +| | hlit | | | 3 | | | | +| | krok | | | 4 | 3 | | | +| | href | 2 | 2 | | 5 | 3 | | +| | blnk | | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | + +- 1) The sample description provides the default style; the style records override this for the selected characters. +- 2) The terminal overrides the chosen style for href links. +- 3) Two records of the same type cannot be applied to the same character. +- 4) Dynamic and static highlighting must not be applied to the same text. +- 5) Dynamic highlighting and linking must not be applied to the same text. +- 6) Blinking text is optional, particularly when requested in combination with other features. + +# Appendix I + +## Application example: Typical VOD transmission + +A file transmission request to the server without any specific information starts the VOD transmission. The request syntax is, for example, as follows: + + + +or + + + +In this example, the requested file is "content.mp4". The latter uses the CGI program "transfer.cgi" for data transmission control for future extension. Note that the command syntax may be proprietary-defined between server and client, which is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +When the server receives the request, it starts the file transmission. After the client receives the movie header ("moov"), it can start demultiplexing and decoding the bitstream and storing the decoded data in the buffer. With some initial buffering delay, the client starts playing the media. + +While playing the media, the next movie fragment header ("moof") is transmitted to the client. When the client receives the 'moof' header, it starts demultiplexing and decoding the bitstream of the next fragment. Thus, continuous playing of the media, as streaming, is achieved with this format. + +![Diagram illustrating a typical VOD transmission over an IP network. A server sends a data stream (moov, mdat, moof, mdat, moof, mdat, ...) to two clients via an IP network cloud containing routers. A request is sent from one client to the server.](15e4a144a88176b71ea3eff2722253b0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a typical VOD transmission setup. On the right, a **Server** (represented by a rack and monitor) is connected to a central router within an **IP Network** cloud. The server sends a **Data stream** consisting of alternating **moov** and **mdat** fragments (labeled J.124\_FAppl). On the left, two **Client** devices (represented by desktop computers) are connected to the IP network cloud via their own routers. One client sends a **Request** (labeled ) to the server. The data stream is shown being transmitted from the server, through the network cloud, to the clients. + +Diagram illustrating a typical VOD transmission over an IP network. A server sends a data stream (moov, mdat, moof, mdat, moof, mdat, ...) to two clients via an IP network cloud containing routers. A request is sent from one client to the server. + +# Appendix II + +## Application example: Random access transmission + +A file transmission request to the server with time information starts the random access transmission. The request syntax is, for example, as follows: + + + +In this example, the requested file is "content.mp4" and the requested position is 30 seconds from the beginning. Note that the command syntax may be proprietary-defined between server and client, which is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +When the server receives the request, it starts the file transmission from the specified position. Since the client can start playing only with the movie header "moov", the file must be reorganized by the server in advance of transmission. In addition, the top of each fragment can become the start time. + +The "moof" header of the specified position is converted to the "moov" header, and the following "moof" headers are reorganized with fixing the offset pointers. Thus, the new stream is constructed, which is transmitted to the client. + +![Diagram illustrating random access transmission of an MP4 file over an IP network.](805c475f0859e607af0530ba43194bf1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the process of random access transmission. On the left, a 'Client' icon is connected to a cloud representing the 'IP Network'. Inside the network cloud, there are two routers (circular icons with arrows) and another 'Client' icon. On the right, a 'Server' icon (tower and monitor) is connected to a third router in the network cloud. Below the network cloud, a sequence of boxes represents the file structure: 'moov', 'mdat', 'moof', 'mdat', 'moof', 'mdat', '....'. A vertical arrow labeled '30 s' points to the third box ('moof'). From this 'moof' box, two arrows point to a second sequence of boxes: one labeled 'convert' pointing to the first 'moov' box, and another labeled 'fix the offsets' pointing to the third 'moof' box. The second sequence of boxes is 'moov', 'mdat', 'moof', 'mdat', '....'. A large arrow labeled 'Data stream' points from the second sequence of boxes back to the 'Client' icon in the network cloud. A smaller arrow labeled 'Request' points from the 'Client' icon in the network cloud to the 'Server' icon, with the text 'http://server.com/transfer.cgi?file=content.mp4&begin=30s' below it. The label 'J.124\_Fappl' is located near the server. + +Diagram illustrating random access transmission of an MP4 file over an IP network. + +# Appendix III + +## Application example: Live video transmission + +This multiplexing format can be applied to a live video transmission. A file transmission request to the server with the live encoder information, starts the live video transmission. The request syntax is, for example, as follows: + + + +In this example, live video transmission named "source1" is requested. Note that the command syntax between server and client, and the protocol between live encoder and transmission server, may be proprietary-defined, which is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +When the server receives the request, it selects the live bitstream specified from the client. It is assumed that the fragment data is transferred to the server from the live encoder, irrespective of a request from the client. + +In this case, the latest fragment, which should have started sending, has the "moof" header not the "moov" header. As with random access, header conversion from "moof" to "moov" of the latest fragment, on receiving the request and offset modification of trailing "moof", is performed. + +![Diagram of live video transmission architecture showing a live encoder, server, and clients connected via an IP network.](55136bc716146672fc680fa05989f1d2_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a live video transmission setup. At the top, a "Live encoder" (represented by a person with a camera) is connected to a "Server" (represented by a computer tower and monitor). The encoder sends a "Data stream" to the server. The server processes this stream, which consists of a sequence of fragments: "...mdat...", "moov", "mdat", "moof", "mdat", "moof", "mdat", .... The server performs two operations on this stream: "convert" and "fix the offsets". The resulting stream is then sent to a "Client" (represented by a computer monitor and keyboard). The client sends a "Request" to the server with the syntax: . The server responds with the processed data stream. The entire system is connected via an "IP Network" (represented by a cloud). The diagram also shows two other clients connected to the network, one on the left and one at the bottom left. The label "J.124\_FAppIII" is present in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +Diagram of live video transmission architecture showing a live encoder, server, and clients connected via an IP network. + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and Next Generation Networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1292-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1292-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1cbdb149eaf7e36ecd1a4382b77bfb1fbbb5d99b --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1292-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,735 @@ + + +# Recommendation**ITU-T J.1292 (10/2024)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Cable set-top box – part 2 + +--- + +### **Functional requirements for cable set-top box supporting ultra-high-definition video and virtual reality services** + +![ITU logo](0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the bottom right corner. It features a blue globe with white lines representing latitude and longitude, and the letters 'ITU' in a bold, blue, sans-serif font overlaid on the globe. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS **Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX - PART 2 | J.1290-J.1299 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| CLOUD-BASED SERVICES FOR IP DELIVERY OVER INTEGRATED BROADBAND CABLE NETWORK | J.1310-J.1319 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1292 + +# Functional requirements for cable set-top box supporting ultra-high-definition video and virtual reality services + +## Summary + +A set-top box (STB) capable of decoding ultra-high definition (UHD) video i.e., 4K, 8K, or higher resolutions and supporting virtual reality (VR) is a crucial component in the ever-evolving landscape of home entertainment. With the rapid growth of UHD video content, such a device ensures that users can enjoy the highest quality video, offering stunning resolution and visual clarity. Moreover, as technology advances, UHD content is becoming more prevalent, making a set-top box that supports UHD essential for future-proofing home entertainment systems. In the realm of VR, high-quality visuals are paramount for creating immersive and realistic experiences. A set-top box that can decode UHD video enhances VR content by providing intricate detail and making the virtual world more engaging. Furthermore, it ensures the smooth performance of VR applications and UHD video, delivering lag-free experiences. Whether it is watching UHD movies or engaging in VR gaming, a set-top box equipped for both technologies, expands entertainment possibilities and offers a versatile and engaging media experience. + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1292 elaborates the functional requirements for a cable set-top box capable of supporting ultra-high-definition video and virtual reality services. It introduces the system architecture and specifies the minimum requirements for the STB to decode and output UHD video with resolutions of 4K, 8K, or higher. Additionally, the STB should be compatible with VR services, utilizing either cable or WLAN IEEE 802.11be technology. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1292 | 2024-10-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/16194 | + +## Keywords + +4K, 8K, set-top box, STB, UHD, ultra-high definition video, virtual reality, VR. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, and information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2025 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 3 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 5 | +| 6 Overview & broad system architecture ..... | 6 | +| 6.1 Set-top box (STB)..... | 6 | +| 6.2 Virtual reality..... | 6 | +| 6.3 UHD Cable STB with VR service system..... | 7 | +| 6.4 Hardware architecture of the UHD STB with VR service ..... | 7 | +| 7 Requirements ..... | 8 | +| 7.1 Minimum system..... | 8 | +| 7.2 Hardware interface ..... | 11 | +| 7.3 Basic software functions..... | 12 | +| 7.4 Functional specifications ..... | 14 | +| Bibliography..... | 15 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1292 + +# Functional requirements for cable set-top box supporting ultra-high-definition video and virtual reality services + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation aims to outline the functional requirements for a cable set-top box (STB) capable of supporting ultra-high definition (UHD) video and virtual reality (VR) services. It introduces the system architecture and specifies the minimum requirements for the STB to decode and output UHD video with resolutions of 4K, 8K, or higher. Additionally, the STB should be compatible with VR services, utilizing either cable or WLAN IEEE 802.11be technology. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T H.262] Recommendation ITU-T H.262 (2012), *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Video*. +- [ITU-T H.264] Recommendation ITU-T H.264 (2024), *Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services*. +- [ITU-T H.265] Recommendation ITU-T H.265 (2024), *High efficiency video coding*. +- [ITU-T H.266] Recommendation ITU-T H.266 (2023), *Versatile video coding*. +- [ITU-T J.83] Recommendation ITU-T J.83 (2007), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution*. +- [ITU-T J.222.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.1 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Physical layer specification*. +- [ITU-T J.222.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and Upper Layer protocols Volume 1: Core Recommendation*. +- [ISO/IEC 60958-1] ISO/IEC 60958-1:2021, *Digital audio interface – Part 1: General*. +- [ISO/IEC 11172-3] ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993, *Information technology – Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s – Part 3: Audio*. +- [ISO/IEC 13818-3] ISO/IEC 13818-3:1998, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information – Part 3: Audio*. +- [ISO/IEC 13818-7] ISO/IEC 13818-7:2006, *Information technology, Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information, Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding (AAC)*. +- [ISO/IEC 14496-2] ISO/IEC 14496-2:2004, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 2: Visual*. + +- [ISO/IEC 14496-3] ISO/IEC 14496-3:2009, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 3: Audio*. +- [ISO/IEC 23003-3] ISO/IEC 23003-3:2020, *Information technology – MPEG audio technologies – Part 3: Unified speech and audio coding*. +- [ISO/IEC 23003-4] ISO/IEC 23003-4:2020, *Information technology – MPEG audio technologies – Part 4: Dynamic range control*. +- [ISO/IEC 23008-3] ISO/IEC 23008-3:2019, *Information technology – High efficiency coding and media delivery in heterogeneous environments – Part 3: 3D audio*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 cable television** [b-ITU-T J.142]: Communications systems distributes broadcast and non-broadcast signals, as well as a multiplicity of satellite signals originating programming and other signals by means of coaxial cable and/or optical fibre. + +**3.1.2 transport stream (TS)** [b-ITU-T J.296]: The transport stream defined by the MPEG-2 system standard (in digital terrestrial television broadcasting, one TS is assigned to a master transmitter). + +**3.1.3 4K UHDTV** [b-ITU-T J.297]: Supports $3,840 \times 2,160$ resolution and 60p frame frequency specified in [b-ITU-R BT.2020]. + +**3.1.4 4K video** [b-ITU-T J.482]: A video that supports $3\,840 \times 2\,160$ resolution and ~60p frame frequency. + +**3.1.5 8K UHD** [b-ITU-T F.780.1]: A video format in which the horizontal screen resolution is 7 680 and the vertical screen resolution is 4 320 pixels (4320p). + +**3.1.6 content** [b-ITU-R BT.1852-1]: This is any form of digital data that can be acquired and presented by a device. + +**3.1.7 immersion** [b-ITU-T G.1035]: A psychological state characterized by perceiving oneself to be enveloped by, included in, and interacting with an environment that provides a continuous stream of stimuli and experiences. + +**3.1.8 motion-to-photon latency** [b-ITU-T G.1035]: The time it takes between the user moving their head and this motion being reflected on the screen of the head-mounted display (HMD). + +NOTE – Definition based on [Brandenburg]. + +**3.1.9 service** [b-ITU-R BT.1852-1]: This is one or more data flows intended to be presented together. + +**3.1.10 ultra-high definition** [b-ITU-T F.780.1]: A video format of digital display and camera in which the horizontal screen resolution is on the order of over 4 000 pixels. + +**3.1.11 virtual reality** [b-ITU-R BT.2420-6]: A technology that replicates an environment, real or imagined, and simulates a user's physical presence and environment to allow for user interaction. Virtual reality artificially creates a sensory experience, which in principle can include sight, touch, hearing, and smell. The current VR devices primarily present content to the visual and auditory systems. On occasion, haptics information is also included. + +**3.1.12 full-view transmission** [b-ITU-T J.1631]: Involves sending $360^\circ$ images to terminals. When users turn their heads and images they see, are switched according to their Field of View + +(FOV), and terminals perform just-in-time processing on images, such as bit stream parsing, video decoding and image rendering. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 degree of freedom (DOF):** The number of independent coordinates in a mechanical system. In addition to translational degrees of freedom, there are rotational and vibration degrees of freedom. In statistics, the degree of freedom refers to the number of independent or freely changing data in the sample, which is called the degree of freedom of the statistic, when the statistics of the sample are used to estimate the parameters of the population. + +**3.2.2 virtual reality (VR):** Virtual reality uses computer technology to create a realistic, immersive digital environment that integrates visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory sensations. Users interact with this environment through input and output devices, simulating natural interactions with virtual objects and resulting in a realistic sensory experience. + +**3.2.3 rendering:** The process of using software to generate images from a model. A model is a description of a three-dimensional object in a rigorously defined language or data structure, including geometry, viewpoint, texture, and lighting information. The process of 2D projection of 3D scene model into digital image according to the set environment, lighting, material and rendering parameters. Rendering is also used to describe "the process of calculating effects in a video edit file to produce the final video output." + +**3.2.4 inertial measurement unit (IMU):** A device that measures the three-axis attitude angle (or angular velocity) and acceleration of an object. Gyroscope and accelerometer are the main components of IMU, and their precision directly affects the precision of the inertial system. + +An innovative application utilizes three single-axis accelerometers and a single-axis gyroscope to detect objects within the vehicle coordinate system. It operates independently of the triaxial acceleration signal and can sense the angular velocity vector of the gyroscope relative to the navigation signal. This setup enables the measurement of angular velocity and acceleration of objects in three-dimensional space, facilitating precise calculations and tracking of these objects. + +**3.2.5 head tracking:** The process in which the virtual reality device adjusts the output of images and sounds according to the movement of the user's head. + +**3.2.6 position tracking:** The process in which the virtual reality device adjusts the output of images and sounds according to the user's position. + +**3.2.7 floating-point:** A method of representing real numbers (including integers and decimals) in a computer, as opposed to the fixed-point number representation. It allows the position of the decimal point to "float", enabling it to represent values within a wider range and with varying precision. It is widely used in fields such as scientific computing, engineering simulation, graphics processing, and financial calculations, where different requirements for numerical range and precision exist. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|-----|-------------------------------| +| AAC | Advanced Audio Coding | +| AES | Advanced Encryption Standard | +| API | Application Program Interface | +| AVC | Advance Video Coding | +| BGA | Ball Grid Array | + +| | | +|------|-----------------------------------------| +| CAS | Conditional Access System | +| CPU | Central Processing Unit | +| DC | Direct Current | +| DDR | Double Data Rate | +| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | +| DMA | Direct Memory Access | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| DTCP | Digital Transmission Content Protection | +| EIT | Event Information Table | +| EPG | Electronic Programme Guide | +| FCC | Fast Channel Change | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FHD | Full High Definition | +| FoV | Field of View | +| GPU | Graphics Processing Unit | +| HD | High Definition | +| HDCP | High-Definition Content Protection | +| HDD | Hard Disk Drive | +| HDMI | High-Definition Multimedia Interface | +| HDR | High Dynamic Range | +| HEVC | High Efficiency Video Coding | +| HFC | Hybrid Fiber/Coax | +| HLS | HTTP Live Streaming | +| HMD | Head-mounted display | +| HTML | Hypertext Mark-up Language | +| HTTP | Hyper Text Transport Protocol | +| IMU | Inertial Measurement Unit | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPTV | Internet Protocol Television | +| IPv4 | Internet Protocol Version 4 | +| IPv6 | Internet Protocol Version 6 | +| LAN | Local Area Network | +| LCN | Logical Channel Number | +| LNB | Low Noise Block | +| NPU | Neural Processing Unit | +| ONU | Optical Network Unit | +| OS | Operating System | + +| | | +|------|------------------------------------| +| OSD | On-screen Display | +| OTA | Over the Air | +| OTT | Over-the-Top | +| PID | Packet Identifier | +| PIN | Personal Identification Number | +| PIP | Picture in Picture | +| PPV | Pay Per View | +| PSU | Power Supply Unit | +| PVR | Personal Video Recorder | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RAM | Random Access Memory | +| RCU | Remote Control Unit | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| ROM | Read Only Memory | +| SDK | Software Development Kit | +| SDR | Standard Dynamic Range | +| SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | +| SNS | Social Network Service | +| SOC | System on a Chip | +| SSL | Secure Sockets Layer | +| SSU | System Software Update | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol | +| TDES | Triple Data Encryption Standard | +| TDT | Time Date Table | +| TOT | Time of Transmission | +| TP | Transponder | +| UHD | Ultra High Definition | +| UI | User Interface | +| UPnP | Universal Plug and Play | +| URI | User Right Information | +| USB | Universal Serial Bus | +| VOD | Video on Demand | +| WAN | Wide Area Network | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The phrase "is required to" indicates a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformity with this document is to be claimed. + +The phrase "is recommended" indicates a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement needs not be present to claim conformity. + +The phrase "is prohibited from" indicates a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformity with this document is to be claimed. + +The phrase "can optionally" indicates an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformity with this Recommendation. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Overview & broad system architecture + +## 6.1 Set-top box (STB) + +A set-top box (STB) capable of decoding ultra-high definition (UHD) video i.e., 4K, 8K, or higher resolutions and supporting virtual reality (VR) is a crucial component in the ever-evolving landscape of home entertainment. With the rapid growth of UHD video content, such a device ensures that users can enjoy the highest quality video, offering stunning resolution and visual clarity. Moreover, as technology advances, UHD content is becoming more prevalent, making a set-top box that supports UHD essential for future-proofing home entertainment systems. In the realm of VR, high-quality visuals are paramount for creating immersive and realistic experiences. A set-top box that can decode UHD video enhances VR content by providing intricate detail and making the virtual world more engaging. Furthermore, it ensures the smooth performance of VR applications and UHD video, delivering lag-free experiences. Whether it is watching UHD movies or engaging in VR gaming, a set-top box equipped for both technologies expands entertainment possibilities and offers a versatile and engaging media experience. + +Recent advancements in digital broadcasting have ushered in more efficient resource allocation and customized transmissions, catering to the specific needs and environments of subscribers. Simultaneously, the rapid expansion of the UHD video sector has propelled the swift evolution of the VR industry, introducing fresh demands and complexities for integrating and interconnecting STBs and VR equipment. Drawing from the extensive experience of the online gaming industry, which has long been dedicated to perfecting immersive virtual environments, the VR applications are primed to extend into various sectors such as education, healthcare, transportation and infrastructure, opening new avenues and challenges. The use of VR glasses unveils "holographic" light field TV solutions that offer immersive viewing experiences characterized by genuine depth and volume, further augmenting the potential of VR content. + +## 6.2 Virtual reality + +VR technology, exemplified by 360-degree videos, provides a computer-generated, three-dimensional, immersive environment that users can experience using VR headsets or head-mounted displays (HMD). VR offers unparalleled immersion into these simulated worlds, faithfully replicating both real and imagined environments. It creates an environment in which users feel present and engaged, allowing for interactive experiences. VR is engineered to artfully simulate sensory experiences. Within a VR environment, as users turn their heads, the images they observe + +seamlessly adjust to align with their field of view (FoV). Achieving this demands the transmission of high-quality images that precisely match the current FoV, ensuring a seamless and captivating VR experience. + +## 6.3 UHD Cable STB with VR service system + +Figure 1 illustrates the system overview for a cable network-based service system supporting VR with an integrated UHD STB. It consists of content, a service head-end, an optical fiber network, an optical node and a UHD cable STB device. + +![Figure 1 – UHD cable STB with VR service system overview. The diagram shows the flow of data from various sources through a head-end to a VR STB and VR HMD. Sources include Satellite broadcast, CAS, VR camera, and VOD server. The head-end contains a Demodulator, Decoder, HEVC encoding, Mux, Streaming media server, CMSTS, Core switch, and OLT. Data is transmitted via HFC and FTTH networks to the VR STB, which is connected to a VR HMD.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system architecture for a cable network-based VR service. It is divided into two main parts: the Head-end (enclosed in a dashed blue box) and the external network components. Inside the Head-end, multiple content sources are processed: Satellite broadcast is received by a Demodulator and then a Decoder; CAS (Conditional Access System) is connected to a Mux; VR camera data is processed by a VR authoring system and then HEVC encoding; and VOD server data is connected to a Core switch. The Core switch is also connected to a Streaming media server and an OLT. The Mux combines signals from the Decoder, CAS, and Streaming media server, which are then transmitted via QAM. The OLT connects to an FTTH (Fiber to the Home) network. Both the QAM and the OLT connect to an optical node. From the optical node, the signal is transmitted via HFC (Hybrid Fiber-Coaxial) or FTTH to a VR STB (Set-Top Box), which is finally connected to a VR HMD (Head-Mounted Display). + +Figure 1 – UHD cable STB with VR service system overview. The diagram shows the flow of data from various sources through a head-end to a VR STB and VR HMD. Sources include Satellite broadcast, CAS, VR camera, and VOD server. The head-end contains a Demodulator, Decoder, HEVC encoding, Mux, Streaming media server, CMSTS, Core switch, and OLT. Data is transmitted via HFC and FTTH networks to the VR STB, which is connected to a VR HMD. + +J.1292(24) + +Figure 1 – UHD cable STB with VR service system overview + +## 6.4 Hardware architecture of the UHD STB with VR service + +As mentioned in clause 6.3, VR glasses or HMDs are connected to the UHD set-top box, which enables the set-top box to support VR services and bring better user experiences. This contribution attempts to propose the functional requirements of a UHD cable set-top box supporting VR business. Figure 2 shows the hardware architecture of the set-top box. + +![Figure 2 – Hardware architecture of the UHD STB with VR service. The diagram shows the internal components of a Set-top box (STB) and its connection to a VR Head-Mounted Display (HMD). The STB receives input via Coaxial (Tuner) and RJ-45 (Ethernet I/F). The Tuner connects to a CAS (Conditional Access System) and a QAM DeMod. The Ethernet I/F connects to a Cable modem, which in turn connects to a DRM (Digital Rights Management) and a Wi-Fi AP. The QAM DeMod connects to a De-scrambler, which connects to a DeMux. The DeMux connects to a Video decoder and an Audio decoder. The Video decoder connects to a Render, which connects to an HDMI (HDCP) connector. The HDMI connector connects to the VR HMD. The STB also contains a CPU, which is connected to the HDMI connector via a USB interface. The CPU is also connected to a Bluetooth module. The VR HMD contains a DAC, which connects to a Speaker. The DAC also connects to an HDMI to DSI connector, which connects to an LCD/LED display. The HDMI to DSI connector is also connected to a Decoder, which is connected to a Wi-Fi AP. The VR HMD also contains an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), which are connected to the USB interface. The VR service reception is shown at the top, with QAM based and IP based options. The diagram is labeled J.1292(24) at the bottom right.](4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg) + +Figure 2 – Hardware architecture of the UHD STB with VR service. The diagram shows the internal components of a Set-top box (STB) and its connection to a VR Head-Mounted Display (HMD). The STB receives input via Coaxial (Tuner) and RJ-45 (Ethernet I/F). The Tuner connects to a CAS (Conditional Access System) and a QAM DeMod. The Ethernet I/F connects to a Cable modem, which in turn connects to a DRM (Digital Rights Management) and a Wi-Fi AP. The QAM DeMod connects to a De-scrambler, which connects to a DeMux. The DeMux connects to a Video decoder and an Audio decoder. The Video decoder connects to a Render, which connects to an HDMI (HDCP) connector. The HDMI connector connects to the VR HMD. The STB also contains a CPU, which is connected to the HDMI connector via a USB interface. The CPU is also connected to a Bluetooth module. The VR HMD contains a DAC, which connects to a Speaker. The DAC also connects to an HDMI to DSI connector, which connects to an LCD/LED display. The HDMI to DSI connector is also connected to a Decoder, which is connected to a Wi-Fi AP. The VR HMD also contains an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), which are connected to the USB interface. The VR service reception is shown at the top, with QAM based and IP based options. The diagram is labeled J.1292(24) at the bottom right. + +**Figure 2 – Hardware architecture of the UHD STB with VR service** + +The hardware architecture consists of the following modules: + +- computing unit: CPU, GPU, RAM and FLASH; +- media and peripherals: Tuner, DEMUX, HDMI, USB; +- wireless interfaces: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth. + +The VR device can be connected to the STB via a type-C interface. The video will be transmitted via an HDMI interface (version 1.4 or above is preferred). The inertial measurement unit (IMU) data and control information in VR glasses is transmitted via USB protocol. Optionally, the video and VR interactive data can be transmitted via a high-speed 802.11ax network. + +# 7 Requirements + +This clause defines the technical specification for the implementation of the UHD STB with VR service. All the items in this specification are required to be included but not limited for the specific UHD STB with VR service implementation. + +## 7.1 Minimum system + +### 7.1.1 CPU + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to be independent of any specific type of central processing unit (CPU) architecture. The CPU performance of the UHD STB with VR service is required to be more than 8-core and 64 bits for execution of the applications, for sufficient computing power and a smooth user experience. The selection of CPU architecture is not limited and could be defined by the operators and the STB vendors. + +### 7.1.2 GPU + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to be independent of any specific type of graphics processing unit (GPU) architecture. The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to implement 3D graphic accelerator supporting OpenGL ES3.0 or above. The floating-point capability of the GPU should be greater than 500 Gflops. + +### 7.1.3 NPU + +The UHD STB with VR service is optionally required to support a neural processing unit (NPU) to provide edge computing capability. The NPU performance of the UHD STB with VR service is required to be more than 8 TOPS for execution of the applications. + +### 7.1.4 Memory + +For the supporting web browser and IP related features, the following memory capacity of the STB is required: + +- Flash: 16 GBytes as minimum; +- DDR: 4 GBytes as minimum. + +### 7.1.5 Video decoders + +The UHD STB with VR is recommended to support following video coding technologies: + +- H.262/MPEG-2 [ITU-T H.262], MPEG-4 AVC [ITU-T H.264] and H.265/HEVC [ITU-T H.265]; +- VP9 [b-VP9], AV1 [b-AV1] and H.266/VVC [ITU-T H.266]. + +The hybrid STB is recommended to support the following audio coding technologies: + +- MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 audio as specified in [ISO/IEC 13818-3] and [ISO/IEC 13818-7]; +- MPEG-4 AAC and high efficiency AAC as specified in [ISO/IEC 14496-3]; +- MPEG-H 3D audio as specified in [ISO/IEC 23008-3]; +- AC-3, E-AC-3 as specified in [b-ETSI TS 102 366]; +- AC-4 as specified in [b-ETSI TS 103 190-1] and [b-ETSI TS 103 190-2]; +- Supports maximum 8K@60 FPS decoding. + +The following video resolutions are required to be supported by the UHD STB with VR service: + +- 4320p; +- 2160p; +- 1080p; +- 1080i; +- 720p; +- 576p; +- 576i. + +The following aspect ratios are required to be supported: + +- 4:3 with centre cut (cropped) 16:9; +- 4:3 with letterboxed 16:9; +- 16:9 with pillar boxed 4:3; +- 16:9 with zoomed 4:3; +- Zoom. + +At least simultaneous dual video decoding is recommended for picture in picture (PIP) or fast channel change (FCC) application. + +### 7.1.6 Audio decoders + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to support the following mainstream audio codecs: + +- PCM audio; + +- MPEG-1 audio layer I/II as specified in [ISO/IEC 11172-3]; +- MPEG-2 audio as specified in [ISO/IEC 13818-3]; +- MPEG-4 high efficiency AAC v2 level 4 as specified in [ISO/IEC 14496-3]. + +NOTE – An HE-AAC decoder will also decode an AAC bitstream. + +The VR STB is recommended to support the following mainstream audio codecs: + +- AC-3/E-AC-3 as specified in [b-ETSI TS 102 366]; +- AC-4 as specified in [ETSI TS 103 190-1] and [b-ETSI TS 103 190-2]; +- MPEG-D extended high efficiency AAC profile as specified in [ISO/IEC 23003-3], including loudness control profile and dynamic range control profile level 1 (or higher) as specified in [ISO/IEC 23003-4]; +- MPEG-H 3D audio as specified in [ISO/IEC 23008-3]. + +Manual lip-sync delay up to 400 ms is recommended. + +Multichannel audio formats, before transferring to analogue audio output, is required to be converted to stereo format (down mix) and the hybrid STB is recommended to support down mix digital audio output as below for better compatibility: + +- AC-3 down mix to stereo for HDMI and S/PDIF as specified in [ISO/IEC 60958-1]; +- E-AC-3 down mix to stereo for HDMI and S/PDIF; +- E-AC-3 conversion to AC-3 for pass through HDMI and S/PDIF; +- AC-4 down mix to stereo for HDMI and S/PDIF; +- MPEG-H 3D audio down mix to stereo for HDMI and S/PDIF. + +The VR STB is required to support the following output mode for digital audio: + +- PCM (should be switched on by default); +- RAW bit-stream. + +STB is recommended to passthrough all audio formats to allow connectivity and decode with home theatre systems. + +The following audio output modes are required: + +- Mono; +- Dual mono; +- Stereo. + +### 7.1.7 Picture + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to support the following mainstream picture compression formats: + +- BMP; +- GIF; +- GIF with animation; +- JPEG up to 128M pixels. + +The UHD STB with VR service is required to support the following graphics display processing performance: + +- 8K@60 FPS display output; +- 4K UI; +- A variety of HDR (HDR/HDR10/HLG); + +- HDR/SDR transfers. + +## 7.2 Hardware interface + +### 7.2.1 ITU-T J.83 + +In case ITU-T J.83 front end is integrated, the UHD STB with VR service is required to integrate a cable front end in accordance with [ITU-T J.83] and apply the following specifications as well. + +- Integrate an input IEC female connector in accordance with [b-IEC 61169-2]. The characteristic impedance is 75 Ω; +- The minimum frequency band on input from 50 MHz to 862 MHz; +- Receive incoming RF signal whose level is in accordance with the defined bandwidth of signal level according to [b-IEC 60728-1]. + +When a UHDVR stream does not fit into a single J.83 QAM channel, it is required to use channel bonding technology in accordance with Annex A of [ITU-T J.183]. + +### 7.2.2 Modem + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to be equipped with a DOCSIS 3.0 modem [ITU-T J.222.1], [ITU-T J.222.2], or to connect to an external cable modem that supports DOCSIS 3.0 or later, or to connect to an external ONU, in order to receive IP signals over Ethernet. + +### 7.2.3 USB + +The UHD STB with VR service is required to install at least USB interfaces, for connecting external USB storage and VR HMD. It shall be compliant with the following specifications: + +- Type-A (female); +- USB version 2.0 or above; +- One USB supports 5V@1000 mA power supply as minimum. + +### 7.2.4 HDMI + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to have at least one high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) for transmitting HD video output and digital audio output. The maximum resolution is 8K@60 fps. + +It shall be compliant with the following specifications: + +- Type-A (female); +- HDMI version 2.1 or above; +- HDCP version 2.2 or above. + +HDMI CEC feature can be optionally applied in the UHD STB with VR service. + +### 7.2.5 Ethernet + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to integrate an Ethernet network interface with the following specifications: + +- RJ 45 connector; +- IEEE 802.3 10/100Mbase-T and IEEE 802.3 10/100/1000Mbase-T or above (recommended); +- IPv4 (mandatory) and IPv6 (recommended). + +### 7.2.6 Wi-Fi + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to integrate Wi-Fi network interface with the following specifications: + +- Compliant with IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be standard or above is recommended; +- 2.4 GHz/5 GHz/6 GHz Wi-Fi module as client mode. + +### 7.2.7 Bluetooth + +A Bluetooth hardware module is recommended for connecting Bluetooth-based UHD STB with VR service. Bluetooth version 4.2 or above is recommended. + +### 7.2.8 Front panel + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to integrate a front panel with the following specifications: + +- Front panel buttons: Power on/off, up, down; +- IR receiver; +- LED light to indicate power status. + +### 7.2.9 Power supply + +The power supply can be an internal integrated module or an external power adaptor. The external power adaptor is recommended. With an external power adaptor, the DC power connector is required. + +### 7.2.10 IR/RCU + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to integrate an infrared receiver for STB operation via the remote control unit (RCU). The RCU is required to have buttons for selection of input source i.e., to select IP or cable. The RCU is recommended to have dedicated buttons to invoke closed captioning/teletext/subtitles, audio language selection & one button to enable voice guided menu. It is recommended the RCU has braille buttons. + +## 7.3 Basic software functions + +### 7.3.1 Channel list + +The capability of the channel list is recommended to support following specifications: + +- At least 3000 TV and radio services from cable and IP frontend; +- At least 8 groups for favourite channel lists. + +### 7.3.2 Subtitles + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to support subtitles with the following specifications: + +- [ITU-T J.83] Annex A (DVB-C) subtitle in accordance with [b-ETSI EN 300 743], including characters from the ISO/IEC 8859-2 code table; +- [ITU-T J.83] Annex C subtitles in accordance with [b-ARIB STD-B24]; +- Teletext in accordance with [b-ETSI EN 300 706]; +- Closed captions in accordance with CEA-608, CEA-708 and [b-ARIB STD-B24]; +- Selection of subtitle languages and turning on/off of subtitles. + +### 7.3.3 Multiple languages + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to support multiple languages as specified below: + +- Support multi-language for on-screen display (OSD) menu, audio track and subtitles; +- The language setting shall be used to define the default audio track and subtitle language; +- Support minimum 2 multi-language tracks. + +### 7.3.4 Media player + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to implement a media player for playing both local and cloud media content with the following specifications. + +In case the media player is applied in the UHD STB with VR service, the following features are required to be implemented: + +- Play content from USB external storage devices; +- Play content from IP network interface. + +In case the media player is applied in the UHD STB with VR service, the following codecs are recommended to be implemented: + +- H.265/HEVC, H.266/VVC, AV1, VP9; +- Media formats: AVI, MKV, MP4, TS20; +- Video codecs: H.262/MPEG-2, MPEG-4 Part 2 (ASP) [ISO/IEC 14496-2], MPEG-4 AVC [ITU-T H.264]; +- Audio codecs at least: MP2, AAC; +- Image formats at least: BMP, TIFF, PNG, JPEG. + +### 7.3.5 Network + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to integrate a LAN interface and a Wi-Fi interface. + +The UHD STB with VR service is required to support Internet protocols as specified below: + +- IPv4, IPv6 (optional); +- IGMP v1, v2 and v3; +- ICMP; +- UDP, TCP, RTP, RTSP/RTCP, HTTP, SSL2.0/3.0; +- DHCP. + +### 7.3.6 IP streaming and service + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to support IP streaming as specified below: + +- Unicast; +- Multicast. + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to support at least one of the following dynamic adaptive streaming standards: + +- MPEG-DASH; +- HLS; +- Smooth streaming. + +### 7.3.7 VR runtime + +The UHD STB with VR service is recommended to support head tracking and position tracking as specified below: + +- 3DOF (6DOF) sensor fusion. + +The UHD STB with VR service is required to support image processing as specified below: + +- Asynchronous time warp; +- Barrel distortion; +- Chromatic aberration correction; + +- Display stabilization/reprojection; +- Single buffered rendering; +- Layering (masks/overlays). + +The UHD STB with VR service is required to support functions as specified below: + +- CPU/GPU power management; +- OPENXR. + +### **7.3.8 Over the air programming and firmware upgrade** + +The UHD STB with VR service is required to support over the air (OTA) firmware upgrades for the STB and devices connected to the UHD STB with VR service. + +## **7.4 Functional specifications** + +### **7.4.1 For UHD STB with VR service** + +The following is recommended for experiencing full-view transmission for good viewing and interaction experience: + +- a) 360-degree 3D-Video; +- b) Resolution: 4k, 8k; +- c) Frame rate: 90 to 120 fps; +- d) Colour depth: 10 to 12 b/pixel. + +### **7.4.2 Network performance** + +- a) Data rate $> 250$ Mbit/s; +- b) Latency $< 50$ ms; +- c) Packet loss rate $< 1e - 5$ . + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T F.780.1] Recommendation ITU-T F.780.1 (2023), *Framework for telemedicine systems using ultra-high definition imaging*. +- [b-ITU-T G.1035] Recommendation ITU-T G.1035 (2021), *Influencing factors on quality of experience for virtual reality services*. +- [b-ITU-T J.142] Recommendation ITU-T J.142 (2000), *Methods for the measurement of parameters in the transmission of digital cable television signals*. +- [b-ITU-T J.296] Recommendation ITU-T J.296 (2012), *Specifications for a hybrid cable set-top box*. +- [b-ITU-T J.297] Recommendation ITU-T J.297 (2018), *Requirements and functional specification of cable set-top boxes for 4K ultrahigh definition television*. +- [b-ITU-T J.482] Recommendation ITU-T J.482 (2021), *Requirements of a radio frequency (RF)/Internet protocol (IP) video switching system*. +- [b-ITU-T J.1631] Recommendation ITU-T J.1631(2021), *Functional requirements of E2E network platforms to enhance the delivery of cloud-VR services over integrated broadband cable networks*. +- [b-ITU-R BT.1852-1] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1852-1 (2017), *Conditional-access systems for digital broadcasting*. +- [b-ITU-R BT.2020] Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020 (2015), *Parameter values for ultra-high definition television systems for production and international programme exchange*. +- [b-ITU-R BT.2420-6] Recommendation ITU-R BT.2420-6 (2024), *Collection of usage scenarios and current statuses of advanced immersive audio-visual (AIAV) systems*. +- [b-ARIB STD-B24] Standard ARIB STD-B24 V6.5 (2022), *Data Coding and Transmission Specification for Digital Broadcasting*. +- [b-ETSI EN 300 706] European Standard ETSI EN 300 706 V1.2.1 (2003), *Enhanced Teletext specification*. +- [b-ETSI EN 300 743] European Standard ETSI EN 300 743 V1.61 (2018), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Subtitling Systems*. +- [b-ETSI TS 102 366] Technical Specification ETSI TS 102 366 V1.4.1 (09/2017), *Digital Audio Compression (AC-3, Enhanced AC-3) Standard*. +- [b-ETSI TS 103 190-1] Technical Specification ETSI TS 103 190-1 V1.3.1 (02/2018), *Digital Audio Compression (AC-4) Standard; Part 1: Channel based coding*. +- [b-ETSI TS 103 190-2] Technical Specification ETSI TS 103 190-2 V1.2.1 (07/2018), *Digital Audio Compression (AC-4) Standard; Part 2: Immersive and personalized audio*. +- [b-ISO/IEC 8859-2] International Standard ISO/IEC 8859-2:1999, *Information technology – 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets – Part 2: Latin alphabet No. 2*. +- [b-IEC 60728-1] International Standard IEC 60728-1:2015, *Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services – Part 1: System performance of forward paths*. + +- [b-IEC 61169-2] International Standard IEC 61169-2:2007, *Radio-frequency and coaxial connectors – Part 2: Sectional specification for RF coaxial connectors of type 9,52*. +- [b-AV1] AV1 Bitstream & Decoding Process Specification (2019), *Alliance for Open Media*. [Online]. Available: +- [b-VP9] VP9 Bitstream & Decoding Process Specification (2016), Google. [Online]. Available: + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for 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b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1303-202201-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,457 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.1303** + +(01/2022) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Cloud-based converged media services for IP and +broadcast cable television + +--- + +**Specification of a cloud-based converged media +service to support Internet protocol and +broadcast cable television – System +specification on collaboration between +production media cloud and cable service cloud** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1303 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1303 + +# Specification of a cloud-based converged media service to support Internet protocol and broadcast cable television – System specification on collaboration between production media cloud and cable service cloud + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1303 is Part 3 of a multi-part deliverable covering the high-level system architecture for cloud-based converged media service to support IP and broadcast cable TV, as identified below: + +Part 1: Requirements (ITU-T J.1301); + +Part 2: System architecture (ITU-T J.1302); + +Part 3: **System specification on collaboration between production media cloud and cable service cloud.** + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1303 | 2022-01-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/14842 | + +## Keywords + +Cable service cloud, CBCMS, cloud streaming service, edge cloud, production media cloud. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2022 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 System architecture..... | 3 | +| 7 Edge cloud ..... | 4 | +| 7.1 Infrastructure layer ..... | 4 | +| 7.2 Platform layer ..... | 4 | +| 7.3 Application layer ..... | 4 | +| 7.4 Security requirements ..... | 4 | +| 8 Central cloud..... | 5 | +| 9 Service operation server ..... | 5 | +| 9.1 Required functions..... | 5 | +| 9.2 Optional functions ..... | 6 | +| Appendix I – The examples of cloud streaming service procedures ..... | 7 | +| I.1 Introduction ..... | 7 | +| I.2 Process..... | 8 | +| Bibliography..... | 10 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1303 + +## Specification of cloud-based converged media service to support Internet protocol and broadcast cable television – System specification on collaboration between production media cloud and cable service cloud + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the architecture and the functions of collaboration between the production media cloud and the cable service cloud, the functions of collaboration between the central cloud and the edge cloud(s) under the control of the cable service cloud, and the functions of these two types of clouds. This specification is intended to enable rapid deployment of new services and flexible expansion of online services for cable television operators and provide diverse programmes originating from the Internet to users. + +This system specification fulfils the requirements in [ITU-T J.1301] and complies with the system architecture in [ITU-T J.1302]. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.1301] Recommendation ITU-T J.1301 (2021), *Specification of cloud-based converged media service to support Internet protocol and broadcast cable television – Requirements*. + +[ITU-T J.1302] Recommendation ITU-T J.1302 (2021), *Specification of a cloud-based converged media service to support Internet protocol and broadcast cable television – System architecture*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 cloud-based converged media service (CBCMS)** [ITU-T J.1301]: The cloud-based converged media service is intended to be deployed by cable television operators and to support the requirements of rapid service innovation and deployment, which enables media service to be developed by separate vendors according to standard application programming interfaces (APIs), where appropriate. + +**3.1.2 multi-access edge computing (MEC)** [b-ETSI GS MEC 001]: System which provides an IT service environment and cloud-computing capabilities at the edge of an access network that contains one or more types of access technology, and in close proximity to its users. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 3.2.1 cloud streaming service:** The service using streaming technology to transmit media content from the cloud and allowing IP and broadcast cable TV users access Internet media without replacing set-top boxes or upgrading the firmware. +- 3.2.2 cable service cloud:** The cloud which provides converged media service. +- 3.2.3 central cloud:** The cloud that has the full set of services provided by the cloud service provider. +- 3.2.4 edge cloud:** The cloud that is deployed close to users' locations and has a limited set of services compared to the central cloud. +- 3.2.5 production media cloud:** The cloud in which the media is produced and customized according to group user or individual user requests and/or the analysis of customers preferences. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------| +| AI | Artificial Intelligence | +| API | Application Programming Interface | +| AR | Augmented Reality | +| CBCMS | Cloud-Based Converged Media Service | +| CCTV | Closed-Circuit Television | +| CDN | Content Distribution Network | +| ID | Identification | +| IDC | Internet Data Centre | +| MEC | Multi-access Edge Computing | +| VR | Virtual Reality | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement that is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement that is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 System architecture + +The collaboration between the production media cloud and the cable service cloud is shown in Figure 1. The production media cloud provides the media content to the cable service cloud which further delivers the content to the users set-top boxes or mobile devices. The production media cloud is required to have the capabilities of media production, media operation and media resource management, and can optionally have the capability of user data analysis to recommend different programmes to different users according to the references deduced from the analysis result. + +In the cable service cloud, there is one central cloud and multiple edge clouds which collaborate to process users' requests. The edge cloud is mainly responsible for local and real-time data processing tasks while the central cloud is mainly responsible for the processing of non-real-time and large amounts of data. + +The central cloud is required to have the capabilities of operation, deployment, orchestration, and maintenance of edge clouds resources through a unified management and control module and can optionally have the capability of user data analysis. + +Edge clouds are required to be deployed by cable TV operators to guarantee the latency. An edge cloud is composed of multiple nodes. In an edge node, it is recommended to use containers to deploy the services required by the service operation server, such as media caching and cloud streaming service, which is illustrated in Appendix I, etc. The service operation server processes the user's request. It can run on a standalone physical device in the edge cloud or be deployed in an edge node. + +![Figure 1: Collaboration between production media cloud and a cable service cloud. The diagram shows the flow of data and media between the Production media cloud, Cable service cloud, and external users. The Production media cloud includes Media produce, Media operation, Data analysis, and Resource management. The Cable service cloud includes a Central cloud and multiple Edge clouds (Edge node 1 to Edge node n). The Central cloud is connected to the Production media cloud via User data and User data user request. The Central cloud is also connected to the Edge clouds via Operation, Deployment, Orchestration, and Maintenance. The Edge clouds include Service management, Streaming service, Container (1) to Container (n), and Service operation server. The Edge clouds are connected to external users (Cable TV network, Internet) via Broadcast VOD and Internet media. The Production media cloud also provides Media delivery to the Edge clouds. The diagram is labeled J.1303(22).](367926125450c2bc3f4bdca9d59a62ba_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system architecture for the collaboration between a production media cloud and a cable service cloud. On the left, the 'Production media cloud' contains four functional blocks: 'Media produce', 'Media operation', 'Data analysis', and 'Resource management'. Arrows indicate data flow: 'User data' from the 'Central cloud' to 'Media produce', 'User data user request' from 'Edge cloud' to 'Media operation', and 'Media delivery' from 'Resource management' to the 'Edge cloud'. The 'Cable service cloud' on the right contains a 'Central cloud' and multiple 'Edge cloud' nodes (labeled 'Edge node (1)' to 'Edge node (n)'). The 'Central cloud' is connected to the 'Edge cloud' via four management functions: 'Operation', 'Deployment', 'Orchestration', and 'Maintenance'. Each 'Edge cloud' node contains 'Service management', 'Streaming service', and multiple containers ('Container (1)' to 'Container (n)'). A 'Service operation server' is also shown within the edge cloud structure. External connections include 'Cable TV network' (via 'Broadcast VOD' to 'Set-top box') and 'Internet' (via 'Internet media' to 'Mobile device'). The diagram is labeled 'J.1303(22)' in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 1: Collaboration between production media cloud and a cable service cloud. The diagram shows the flow of data and media between the Production media cloud, Cable service cloud, and external users. The Production media cloud includes Media produce, Media operation, Data analysis, and Resource management. The Cable service cloud includes a Central cloud and multiple Edge clouds (Edge node 1 to Edge node n). The Central cloud is connected to the Production media cloud via User data and User data user request. The Central cloud is also connected to the Edge clouds via Operation, Deployment, Orchestration, and Maintenance. The Edge clouds include Service management, Streaming service, Container (1) to Container (n), and Service operation server. The Edge clouds are connected to external users (Cable TV network, Internet) via Broadcast VOD and Internet media. The Production media cloud also provides Media delivery to the Edge clouds. The diagram is labeled J.1303(22). + +**Figure 1 – Collaboration between production media cloud and a cable service cloud** + +The collaboration between the production media cloud and the cable service cloud is reflected in three ways. + +- The cable service cloud forwards users' requests to the production media cloud. +- The production media cloud will find the proper media content in its storage or even produce new media programmes according to users' requests, then provide feedback to the cable service cloud which will then further make up the media programmes to fit the user devices. +- The cable service cloud will collect all kinds of user data such as the time of order, location of the user, model of the user's device, etc., and send the data to the production media cloud for statistics and analysis. The data can be sent from the edge cloud node directly to the production media cloud after de-identification. Alternatively, the data can be sent first to the central cloud. The central cloud will then perform analysis and only send the statistics data to the production media cloud. + +# 7 Edge cloud + +The edge cloud is composed of multiple edge nodes. The architecture of the edge cloud node is shown in Figure 2. + +![Figure 2 – The architecture of edge cloud. The diagram shows a layered architecture for an edge cloud node. The layers are: Application (top), Platform service, Infrastructure, and Physical entity (bottom). A vertical column on the right lists Security capability, Operation security, Platform security, Data security, and Infra security. The Physical entity layer includes IDC, MEC, CDN node, and Edge gateway. The Infrastructure layer includes Virtualization, Computing, Storage, and Network. The Platform service layer includes Docker, Big data, AI, and Database. The Application layer includes Streaming service, Content distribution, Time sensitive applications, and User interaction.](cfda9df1319e04207eb28bcefd1dab7b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the architecture of an edge cloud node, organized into four horizontal layers and a vertical security column on the right. The layers are: **Application** (top), **Platform service**, **Infrastructure**, and **Physical entity** (bottom). The **Security capability** column on the right lists five levels: **Operation security**, **Platform security**, **Data security**, **Infra security**, and **Security capability** (top). The **Physical entity** layer includes **IDC**, **MEC**, **CDN node**, and **Edge gateway**. The **Infrastructure** layer includes **Virtualization**, **Computing**, **Storage**, and **Network**. The **Platform service** layer includes **Docker**, **Big data**, **AI**, and **Database**. The **Application** layer includes **Streaming service**, **Content distribution**, **Time sensitive applications**, and **User interaction**. Ellipses (...) indicate additional components in each layer. + +Figure 2 – The architecture of edge cloud. The diagram shows a layered architecture for an edge cloud node. The layers are: Application (top), Platform service, Infrastructure, and Physical entity (bottom). A vertical column on the right lists Security capability, Operation security, Platform security, Data security, and Infra security. The Physical entity layer includes IDC, MEC, CDN node, and Edge gateway. The Infrastructure layer includes Virtualization, Computing, Storage, and Network. The Platform service layer includes Docker, Big data, AI, and Database. The Application layer includes Streaming service, Content distribution, Time sensitive applications, and User interaction. + +J.1303(22) + +**Figure 2 – The architecture of edge cloud** + +## 7.1 Infrastructure layer + +Edge cloud can be deployed in the Internet data centre (IDC), multi-access edge computing (MEC), content distribution network (CDN) node, edge gateway, and other types of devices on which the resource can be virtualized. + +The computing, storage and network resources are required to be virtualized at the deployment of the node. + +## 7.2 Platform layer + +At the platform layer the edge cloud is required to provide docker service and can optionally provide services such as big data processing, artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud database, etc. + +## 7.3 Application layer + +At the platform layer the edge cloud is required to provide media content distribution service and can optionally provide time sensitive applications such as augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR), user interaction and streaming service, etc. + +## 7.4 Security requirements + +The edge cloud is required to provide fundamental security measures from these aspects: + +- Infrastructure security: deploying access control system and closed-circuit television (CCTV) at the physical location; +- Data security: encrypting the data stored at the edge node and the data transmitted to the central cloud or the production media cloud, etc.; +- Platform security: providing secure isolation among instances, secure storage of cyphering keys, authentication and authorization of access request, etc.; +- Operation security: providing intrusion detection, discovery of abnormal service requests, etc. + +# **8 Central cloud** + +The central cloud can work collaboratively with multiple edge clouds through a unified management and control module, including: + +- Unified scheduling: The edge cloud can run and deploy on edge infrastructure such as IDC, MEC nodes, CDN nodes, or edge gateways and perform resources management. The central cloud can schedule storage, computing, network and other infrastructure resources of the edge cloud according to users' service requirements and select the most appropriate resources in the edge cloud. The edge cloud can apply to the central cloud for resource requests according to the business needs; +- Unified orchestration management: The central cloud can achieve unified resource orchestration and business orchestration, and can manage the life cycle of each edge cloud application in a unified way, including service start and stop, network status monitoring, etc., and can release an edge cloud node in the case of failure or other needs of migration of application instances; +- Unified deployment: The central cloud and edge cloud coordinate the service deployment and conduct unified management to provide remote deployment of various edge cloud services; +- Unified operation and maintenance: The edge cloud can carry out remote operation and maintenance work. The related operations can be carried out in the central cloud; +- Security capabilities: The central cloud can provide security capabilities to the edge cloud to achieve capabilities including infrastructure security, cloud platform security, operation security and data security. + +# **9 Service operation server** + +## **9.1 Required functions** + +The service operation server is required to have the functions of event management, session management, authentication and authorization, media format adaption, media protocol adaption, streaming push and on-self management. + +### **9.1.1 Event management** + +Event management includes the following capabilities: + +- Preconfigure remote control key-value mapping. Mapping the keys of the remote controllers associated with the set-top boxes models to the values of the Internet media services in the launched menu. + +### **9.1.2 Session management** + +Session management includes the following capabilities: + +- Connect with the Internet media service deployed in the central cloud and request for edge cloud resource allocation; +- Maintain the media service request information which is necessary for launching the correct streaming application in the docker instance in the edge cloud. + +### **9.1.3 Authentication and authorization** + +The authentication and authorization request is sent to the authentication server which is already deployed by the cable TV operator. + +### **9.1.4 Media format adaption** + +If the resolution of the set-top box is lower than the media streaming generated in the edge cloud, the service operation server is required to perform format adaption. + +### **9.1.5 Media protocol adaption** + +The service operation server is required to choose the proper communication protocol to transmit the media stream according to the model of the set-top box. + +### **9.1.6 Streaming push** + +The service operation server is required to push the media stream to the correct set-top box. + +### **9.1.7 On-self management** + +On-self management includes the following capabilities: + +- Manage different Internet media resources which can be launched in the service menu. + +## **9.2 Optional functions** + +The service operation server can optionally provide the capabilities of audit, data analysis, and other media processing capabilities listed in Part 2: System architecture clause 8.1. These capabilities are shown in the programme menu pushed from the service operation server to the set-top box. + +### **9.2.1 Audit** + +Audit includes the following capabilities: + +- Secure storage of the service log file; +- Transmitting the information necessary for billing, to the cable TV operator's billing server. + +### **9.2.2 Data analysis** + +Data analysis includes the following capabilities: + +- Statistics of the media programmes ordered by users. + +# Appendix I + +## The examples of cloud streaming service procedures + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +## I.1 Introduction + +There is huge amount of non-intelligent set-top boxes in the stock market which cannot access Internet media services. The cost of replacing these boxes is unacceptable by the broadcast cable TV operators. It is also not applicable to remotely upgrade the firmware of the boxes as the manufacturers and the models are numerous. + +Cloud streaming service is a type of cloud-based converged media service which uses streaming technology to transmit Internet originated media content from cloud and allowing the IP and the broadcast cable TV users access Internet media without replacing their set-top box or upgrading the firmware. Cloud streaming service is deployed in the service cloud of the broadcast cable TV operators, and enables flexible expansion of online services, smart adaption of service origins or paths to meet the distribution needs for different terminal types and network status. With cloud streaming service broadcast cable TV operators can greatly reduce terminal investment, improve user experience and accelerate the deployment of new services. + +Figure I.1 shows the system architecture of a cloud streaming service. + +![System architecture diagram of a cloud streaming service. The diagram shows three main components: Production media cloud, Cable service cloud, and Set-top box. The Production media cloud contains 'Media content'. The Cable service cloud is divided into 'Central cloud' (Application management, Edge resource management) and 'Edge cloud' (Service management, Streaming service, Edge node, Container). The Edge cloud also contains 'Authentication and authorization', 'Format adaption', 'Protocol adaption', 'Streaming push', 'On-shelf management', 'Audit', and 'Data analyse'. The Set-top box contains 'Streaming player' and 'Command interpreter'. Arrows show 'Video/audio streaming' from the Cable service cloud to the Streaming player, and 'Event message' from the Command interpreter to the Cable service cloud. A 'Cable TV network' cloud is shown between the Set-top box and the Cable service cloud. The label 'J.1303(22)' is at the bottom right.](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system architecture of a cloud streaming service. It consists of three main components: Production media cloud, Cable service cloud, and Set-top box. The Production media cloud contains 'Media content'. The Cable service cloud is divided into 'Central cloud' (Application management, Edge resource management) and 'Edge cloud' (Service management, Streaming service, Edge node, Container). The Edge cloud also contains 'Authentication and authorization', 'Format adaption', 'Protocol adaption', 'Streaming push', 'On-shelf management', 'Audit', and 'Data analyse'. The Set-top box contains 'Streaming player' and 'Command interpreter'. Arrows show 'Video/audio streaming' from the Cable service cloud to the Streaming player, and 'Event message' from the Command interpreter to the Cable service cloud. A 'Cable TV network' cloud is shown between the Set-top box and the Cable service cloud. The label 'J.1303(22)' is at the bottom right. + +System architecture diagram of a cloud streaming service. The diagram shows three main components: Production media cloud, Cable service cloud, and Set-top box. The Production media cloud contains 'Media content'. The Cable service cloud is divided into 'Central cloud' (Application management, Edge resource management) and 'Edge cloud' (Service management, Streaming service, Edge node, Container). The Edge cloud also contains 'Authentication and authorization', 'Format adaption', 'Protocol adaption', 'Streaming push', 'On-shelf management', 'Audit', and 'Data analyse'. The Set-top box contains 'Streaming player' and 'Command interpreter'. Arrows show 'Video/audio streaming' from the Cable service cloud to the Streaming player, and 'Event message' from the Command interpreter to the Cable service cloud. A 'Cable TV network' cloud is shown between the Set-top box and the Cable service cloud. The label 'J.1303(22)' is at the bottom right. + +Figure I.1 – System architecture + +The edge node is required to provide management streaming service and streaming service in the containers. + +Service management includes the following capabilities: + +- Verify the session set-up request of the set-top box; +- Manage the session with the set-top box; +- Map the media request to correct the Internet media programme; +- Send the media request to the correct the Internet media resource. + +Streaming service includes the following capabilities: + +- Decode the original media received from the Internet media resource; +- Reformat the media to a stream; +- Send the stream to the service operation server. + +The central cloud is required to provide application management which allocates the instance identification (ID) to each service request. The edge resource management in this scenario includes the following capabilities: + +- Monitor the quota of the available resource in each edge cloud node; +- Schedule the edge cloud node closest to the set-top box to create a docker instance for the streaming service; +- Migrate a streaming service to a new docker or another edge cloud node in case the status of the current docker or edge cloud node is abnormal. + +## **I.2 Process** + +The process of a cloud streaming service is as indicated in Figure I.2. + +- 1) When the set-top box is bootstrapping, an Internet media service menu is pushed to the set-top box from the service operation server; +- 2) The user can choose a media programme from the menu using a remote controller and the service request will be sent to the service operation server as a command; +- 3) The service operation server requests the authentication server to authenticate the user and verify if the user has registered for the Internet media service; +- 4) The service operation server sends the service request to the central cloud; +- 5) The central cloud schedules the edge cloud node resource for the service request; +- 6) The central cloud sends the instance ID to the service operation server; +- 7) The service operation server forwards the instance ID to the set-top box; +- 8) The command is transferred to the edge cloud; +- 9) The edge cloud creates a docker instance which is installed in the codec application of the media programme ordered by the user; +- 10) The set-top box sets up a session with the docker instance in the edge cloud node using the instance ID and other parameters; +- 11) The edge cloud sends the service request to the media server in which the original media resource is hosted; +- 12) The media server sends the media back to the docker instance; +- 13) The docker instance decodes the media programme and turns it into a media stream in a format which will be displayed by the set-top box directly; +- 14) The media stream is sent to the service operation server; +- 15) The service operation server does the format adaption and protocol adaption according to the model of the set-top box if needed; +- 16) The service operation server sends the media stream to the set-top box; +- 17) The set-top box displays the media stream. + +![Sequence diagram of cloud streaming service procedure. Lifelines: User, Set-top box, Service operation server, Authentication server, Edge cloud, Central cloud, Media resource. The process involves bootstrapping, service request, authentication, resource scheduling, instance creation, session setup, media streaming, and format adaptation.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant User + participant Set-top box + participant Service operation server + participant Authentication server + participant Edge cloud + participant Central cloud + participant Media resource + + Note left of User: Bootstrapping + User->>Set-top box: Service request + Set-top box->>Service operation server: Service request + Service operation server->>Authentication server: Authentication + Authentication server->>Service operation server: Service request + Service operation server->>Central cloud: Service request + Central cloud->>Edge cloud: Resource schedule + Edge cloud->>Service operation server: Instance ID + Service operation server->>Set-top box: Instance ID + Service operation server->>Edge cloud: Command + Note right of Edge cloud: Create instance + Service operation server->>Set-top box: Session set-up + Edge cloud->>Media resource: Media request + Media resource->>Edge cloud: Original media + Note right of Edge cloud: Streaming + Edge cloud->>Service operation server: Media stream + Note left of Service operation server: Format/protocol adaption + Service operation server->>Set-top box: Media stream + Note left of Set-top box: Media display + +``` + +Sequence diagram of cloud streaming service procedure. Lifelines: User, Set-top box, Service operation server, Authentication server, Edge cloud, Central cloud, Media resource. The process involves bootstrapping, service request, authentication, resource scheduling, instance creation, session setup, media streaming, and format adaptation. + +J.1303(22) + +**Figure I.2 – Cloud streaming service procedure** + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ETSI EN 301 192] ETSI EN 301 192 V1.6.1 (2015), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting*. +[https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi\\_en/301100\\_301199/301192/01.06.01\\_60/en\\_301192v010601p.pdf](https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/301100_301199/301192/01.06.01_60/en_301192v010601p.pdf) +- [b-ETSI GS MEC 001] ETSI GS MEC 001 (2019), *Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC); Terminology*. +[https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi\\_gs/mec/001\\_099/001/02.01.01\\_60/gs\\_mec001v020101p.pdf](https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gs/mec/001_099/001/02.01.01_60/gs_mec001v020101p.pdf) +- [b-ETSI TS 102 809] ETSI TS 102 809 V1.3.1 (2017), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Signalling and carriage of interactive applications and services in Hybrid broadcast/broadband environments*. +[https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi\\_ts/102800\\_102899/102809/01.03.01\\_60/ts\\_102809v010301p.pdf](https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/102800_102899/102809/01.03.01_60/ts_102809v010301p.pdf) +- [b-ISO/IEC 14496-12] ISO/IEC 14496-12:2015, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 12: ISO base media file format*. + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1304-202201-I_PDF-E/042733dc5e8e7f5f30b60adba3266cde_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1304-202201-I_PDF-E/042733dc5e8e7f5f30b60adba3266cde_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4abb7ccf87de21d0eddbe7b3c14e95cd91d17199 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1304-202201-I_PDF-E/042733dc5e8e7f5f30b60adba3266cde_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:7c471a45c7fbf82124a710b583b49b0dd951830299dbf3deab7b65d85ae0a9f1 +size 62360 diff --git 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+ +# Functional requirements for service collaboration between cable television operators and OTT service providers + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1304 is intended to define functional requirements for a cable television operator to provide an over-the-top (OTT) service to cable television customers in conjunction with their cable television services, video on demand (VOD) service, high-speed cable internet and so on by collaboration with an OTT service provider. As a reference architecture, the system architecture and interfaces between a cable television operator and one or more OTT service provider(s) are specified. To exemplify the collaboration patterns of a cable television operator with an OTT provider, this Recommendation also describes the configuration patterns of relevant entities including a user, a cable television operator and one or more OTT service provider(s). + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1304 | 2022-01-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/14843 | + +## Keywords + +Billing, ID, OTT, service, subscription. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2022 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Assumptions on cable and OTT services..... | 2 | +| 6.1 Sales types ..... | 2 | +| 6.2 Subscriber ID..... | 3 | +| 7 Possible patterns of configurations..... | 3 | +| 7.1 No. 1: Billing integration..... | 5 | +| 7.2 No. 2: OTT bundling package by cable operator with billing integration .... | 5 | +| 7.3 No. 3: Billing and service use ID integration ..... | 6 | +| 7.4 No. 4: OTT bundling package by cable operator with billing and service use ID integration ..... | 6 | +| 8 General architecture..... | 7 | +| 9 Functional requirements ..... | 7 | +| 9.1 Requirements for user identification by cable ID..... | 7 | +| 9.2 Requirements for cable service interfaces ..... | 7 | +| 9.3 Requirements for cable billing integration ..... | 8 | +| 9.4 Requirements for service use integration ..... | 8 | +| Bibliography..... | 9 | + +# **Introduction** + +A recent trend among cable television operators is to provide OTT services in conjunction with their own television channels, video on demand (VOD) service, high-speed cable Internet, etc. For the convenience of the users such OTT service is integrated into the set-top box (STB), including quality assurance and billing integration. + +This Recommendation defines functional requirements for cable television operators to enable them to provide such integrated OTT services. The system architecture and interfaces between a cable television operator and one or more OTT service provider(s) are also specified to serve as a reference architecture. This Recommendation also describes configuration patterns of the relevant entities, including a user, a cable television operator and one or more OTT service provider(s), to exemplify possible collaboration patterns of the cable television operator with OTT providers. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1304 + +## Functional requirements for service collaboration between cable television operators and OTT service providers + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines functional requirements for a cable television operator to provide an OTT service to cable television customers in conjunction with their cable television services, video on demand (VOD) service, high-speed cable Internet, etc. through collaboration with an OTT service provider. The system architecture and interfaces between a cable television operator and one or more OTT service provider(s) are also specified to serve as a reference architecture. This Recommendation also describes the configuration patterns of relevant entities, including a user, a cable television operator and one or more OTT service provider(s), to exemplify possible collaboration patterns of cable television operators with OTT providers. + +This Recommendation focuses on service registration and control flow necessary for a cable television operator to collaborate with an OTT service provider. Configuration of the content distribution platform and the content delivery network are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +None. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 cable billing:** A payment method provided by a cable operator. When cable billing is applied as a payment method for an OTT service, billing for the OTT service is processed through the cable operator. + +**3.2.2 cable log-in:** A logging-in process on a cable service entity with a cable subscriber identifier (ID) for the purpose of the request for cable billing and an OTT service use (if applicable). + +**3.2.3 cable operator service entity:** A service entity that provides interfaces for users such as applications or web pages and those for an OTT service entity in order to process service collaboration. + +**3.2.4 OTT log-in:** A logging-in process on an OTT service entity with an OTT subscriber ID for the purpose of an OTT subscription registration and service use. + +**3.2.5 OTT service entity:** A service entity that provides interfaces for users such as applications or web pages and/or those for a cable service entity in order to process service collaboration. + +**3.2.6 service entity:** An entity that provides interfaces for authorization, authentication, token exchange, etc. In this Recommendation, two types of service entities are defined: cable operator service entity and OTT service entity. + +**3.2.7 service interface:** An interface of cable and OTT service entities referenced during service collaboration processes. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|-------------------------------------| +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| ID | Identifier | +| OTT | Over-The-Top | +| PII | Personally Identifiable Information | +| SAML | Security Assertion Markup Language | +| STB | Set-Top-Box | +| TLS | Transport Layer Security | +| VOD | Video on Demand | + +# 5 Conventions + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement that is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement that is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words shall, shall not, should, and may sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as is required to, is prohibited from, is recommended, and can optionally. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Assumptions on cable and OTT services + +This clause describes the sales types and the use of ID assumed in this Recommendation. + +## 6.1 Sales types + +There are two sales types of cable television operator's services: + +- Sales type A: A cable television operator sells an OTT service which is typically a subscription-based service as a reseller of the OTT service. + +- Sales type B: A cable television operator sells a package of services including an OTT service, e.g., a bundling package consisting of multichannel pay-TV service, the cable television operator's VOD service and an OTT service. + +## 6.2 Subscriber ID + +There are various roles and purposes of subscriber ID according to different aspects: + +### 6.2.1 Subscriber ID from the management or issuer point of view + +There are two kinds of subscriber IDs, i.e., a) subscriber ID managed by an OTT service provider (hereinafter "OTT ID"), b) subscriber ID managed by a cable television operator (hereinafter "cable ID"). + +### 6.2.2 Subscriber ID from the purpose point of view + +There are also two types of purposes for a subscriber ID, namely, a) subscriber ID for billing, b) subscriber ID for service use. + +# 7 Possible patterns of configurations + +Table 1 summarizes combinations of the configurations. + +**Table 1 – Combinations of the configurations** + +| No. | Sign up to | Subscriber ID for billing | Payment method | Subscriber ID for service use | Sales type | Remarks | +|-----|------------|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | OTT | OTT ID | Credit card, or other billing methods accepted by OTT provider | OTT ID | A | The most basic case where a cable operator sells an OTT service as a reseller. | +| 1 | OTT | Cable ID | Cable billing | OTT ID | A | Typical billing integration by a cable operator. | +| 2 | Cable | Cable ID | Cable billing | OTT ID | B | OTT bundling package by a cable operator with billing integration. | +| 3 | OTT | Cable ID | Cable billing | Cable ID | A | Billing and service use ID integration. | +| 4 | Cable | Cable ID | Cable billing | Cable ID | B | OTT bundling package by a cable operator with billing and service use ID integration. | + +The following provides an explanatory description the configurations (No. 0 to No. 4) listed in Table 1. + +- No. 0: This configuration is the most basic OTT service selling case where a cable operator sells an OTT service to a user as a reseller. The user will sign up to the OTT service with an ID determined by the user for such an OTT service (i.e., OTT ID in this Recommendation) with billing information such as a credit card, and the same OTT ID will be used to enjoy the OTT service. In this configuration, the cable operator plays a role of a reseller and will receive some sale incentives in the most typical case. + +- No. 1: A cable operator sells an OTT service to a user similar to No. 0, but billing integration to the cable operator applies in configuration No. 1. When the user signs up for the OTT service, they will sign up with an OTT ID through a special entrance or a URL for billing integration by the cable operator, where the billing will be associated with the user's cable ID. There might also be another sign-up method where the user will directly use a cable ID. In both cases, an OTT ID that is used to enjoy the OTT service needs to be associated with the cable ID through the sign-up process. After the sign-up completion, a similar manner with No. 0 will apply in order to enjoy the OTT service. +- No. 2: A cable operator sells an OTT service to a user with billing integration to the cable operator similar to No. 1, but in this configuration, the OTT service will be sold to the user, not as a single independent service but will be included in some cable television related services as a bundled service. The user will sign up for the OTT service with an OTT ID through a special entrance or a URL for such bundling offer provided by the cable operator. There might also be another sign-up method where the user will use a special ID for the bundling offer (i.e., cable ID in this Recommendation). In the latter case, an OTT ID that is used to enjoy the OTT service needs to be associated with the cable ID through the sign-up process. After the sign-up completion, a similar manner with No. 1 will apply in order to enjoy the OTT service. +- No. 3: Similar to No. 1, but the cable ID is used for the sign-up and service use. In configuration No. 3, the ID linkage mechanism is implemented between an OTT provider's platform and a cable operator's ID platform. +- No. 4: Similar to No. 2, but the cable ID is used for the sign-up and service use. In configuration No. 4, an ID linkage mechanism is implemented between an OTT provider's platform and a cable operator's ID platform. + +The illustrative explanations of the patterns from No. 0 to No. 4 are provided as follows to identify the necessary actions, communications and interfaces between the entities. + +Figure 1 shows a procedure for pattern No. 0, which does not incorporate any use of the cable ID for billing or service integration. While the patterns from No. 1 to No. 4 illustrate integrated configurations with the cable ID. + +![Sequence diagram for No. 0 – Normal OTT use without any relationship with the cable ID. The diagram shows interactions between a User and an OTT provider. The sequence is: 1. User sends a registration request with payment info and ID request to OTT provider. 2. OTT provider sends a recursive billing message back to the User. 3. User sends a login request with ID to OTT provider. 4. OTT provider sends the service provision message back to the User. The diagram is labeled J.1304(22) at the bottom right.](e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant User + participant OTT provider + Note right of OTT provider: J.1304(22) + User->>OTT provider: Register to the OTT service with payment information (e.g., credit card) and request an ID for service use (Typically, the user's e-mail address) + OTT provider-->>User: If approved, billing is sent to the user (Recursive) + User->>OTT provider: Login with the ID for service use to enjoy the OTT service + OTT provider-->>User: The service is provided to the user + +``` + +Sequence diagram for No. 0 – Normal OTT use without any relationship with the cable ID. The diagram shows interactions between a User and an OTT provider. The sequence is: 1. User sends a registration request with payment info and ID request to OTT provider. 2. OTT provider sends a recursive billing message back to the User. 3. User sends a login request with ID to OTT provider. 4. OTT provider sends the service provision message back to the User. The diagram is labeled J.1304(22) at the bottom right. + +**Figure 1 – No. 0 – Normal OTT use without any relationship with the cable ID** + +## 7.1 No. 1: Billing integration + +Figure 2 shows a procedure for an OTT service subscription which incorporates the cable television billing. In this flow, a user registers a subscription to the OTT service to obtain their OTT ID for service use, and then the OTT provider requests billing for their subscription from the cable television operator. Once the cable television operator approves the billing, the user can enjoy the OTT service by logging in with their OTT ID. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 2: Typical billing integration. Lifelines: User, Cable television operator, OTT provider. The process involves registration, credential verification, subscription request, billing approval, and service provision.](e9314c83043183351ed74908e9bf2f90_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant User + participant Cable television operator + participant OTT provider + Note right of OTT provider: J.1304(22) + User->>OTT provider: Register to the OTT service with a selection of the cable television billing, and request an ID for service use (Typically, the user's e-mail address) + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: Verify the credential + Cable television operator->>OTT provider: Request the user's subscription if the credential is approved + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: If approved, credit is sent to the cable television operator + Cable television operator->>User: Billing is sent to the user (Recursive) + User->>OTT provider: Login with the ID for service use to enjoy the OTT service + OTT provider->>User: The service is provided to the user +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 2: Typical billing integration. Lifelines: User, Cable television operator, OTT provider. The process involves registration, credential verification, subscription request, billing approval, and service provision. + +Figure 2 – No. 1 – Typical billing integration + +## 7.2 No. 2: OTT bundling package by cable operator with billing integration + +Figure 3 shows a procedure for the cable television billing for OTT service subscriptions provided as a bundling package (sales type B). In this flow, a user who already has their own OTT ID registers a subscription to the cable service, and then the subscription request is forwarded to the OTT provider. If the OTT provider approves the subscription request, billing for the subscribed service is sent to the user. Then, the user can enjoy the OTT service by logging in with their OTT ID. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 3: OTT package by a cable operator with billing integration. Lifelines: User, Cable television operator, OTT provider. The process involves subscription request via cable operator, OTT provider approval, billing, ID request, acknowledgement, login, and service provision.](5e92d9e8e9ce204e405bff2367f88176_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant User + participant Cable television operator + participant OTT provider + Note right of OTT provider: J.1304(22) + User->>Cable television operator: Subscribe to the OTT service with the existing Cable ID + Cable television operator->>OTT provider: Request the user's subscription + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: If approved, credit is sent to the cable television operator + Cable television operator->>User: Billing is sent to the user (Recursive) + User->>OTT provider: Request an ID for service use (Typically, the user's e-mail address) + OTT provider->>User: If succeeded, acknowledgement is sent to the user + User->>OTT provider: Login with the ID for service use to enjoy the OTT service + OTT provider->>User: The service is provided to the user +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 3: OTT package by a cable operator with billing integration. Lifelines: User, Cable television operator, OTT provider. The process involves subscription request via cable operator, OTT provider approval, billing, ID request, acknowledgement, login, and service provision. + +Figure 3 – No. 2 – OTT package by a cable operator with billing integration + +## 7.3 No. 3: Billing and service use ID integration + +Figure 4 shows a procedure for an OTT service subscription which incorporates the cable ID for both billing and service use. In this flow, a user who already has their own cable ID registers a subscription to the OTT service, and the OTT provider requests billing for their subscription from the cable television operator. Once the cable television operator approves the billing, the user can enjoy the OTT service by logging in with their cable ID. + +![Sequence diagram for No. 3: Billing and service use ID integration](042733dc5e8e7f5f30b60adba3266cde_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant User + participant Cable television operator + participant OTT provider + Note right of OTT provider: J.1304(22) + + User->>OTT provider: Register the existing Cable ID to the OTT service with a selection of the cable television billing + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: Verify the credential + Cable television operator->>OTT provider: Request the user's subscription if the credential is approved + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: If approved, credit is sent to the cable television operator + Cable television operator->>User: Billing is sent to the user (Recursive) + User->>OTT provider: Login with the Cable ID to enjoy the OTT service + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: Verify the credential + Cable television operator->>OTT provider: Request the service if the credential is approved + OTT provider->>User: If approved, the service is provided to the user +``` + +This sequence diagram illustrates the interaction for No. 3. It involves three participants: User, Cable television operator, and OTT provider. The process starts with the User sending a message to the OTT provider to register their existing Cable ID and select a billing option. The OTT provider then sends a 'Verify the credential' request to the Cable television operator. The operator responds with 'Request the user's subscription if the credential is approved', which the OTT provider translates to 'If approved, credit is sent to the cable television operator' for the operator. The operator then sends 'Billing is sent to the user (Recursive)' to the User. Next, the User sends 'Login with the Cable ID to enjoy the OTT service' to the OTT provider. The OTT provider again sends 'Verify the credential' to the operator, who responds with 'Request the service if the credential is approved'. Finally, the OTT provider sends 'If approved, the service is provided to the user' to the User. The diagram is labeled J.1304(22) in the bottom right corner. + +Sequence diagram for No. 3: Billing and service use ID integration + +Figure 4 – No. 3 – Billing and service use ID integration + +## 7.4 No. 4: OTT bundling package by cable operator with billing and service use ID integration + +Figure 5 shows a procedure for a cable ID integration for both billing and service use for the OTT service subscription as a bundling package (sales type B). In this flow, a user registers a subscription to the cable television operator's package/bundle of the OTT service, and then the subscription request is forwarded to the OTT provider. If the OTT provider approves the subscription request, billing for the subscribed service is sent to the user. Then, the user can enjoy the packaged/bundled OTT service by logging in with their cable ID. + +![Sequence diagram for No. 4: OTT package by a cable operator with billing and service use ID integration](08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant User + participant Cable television operator + participant OTT provider + Note right of OTT provider: J.1304(22) + + User->>Cable television operator: Subscribe to the OTT service with the existing Cable ID + Cable television operator->>OTT provider: Request the user's subscription + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: If approved, credit is sent to the cable television operator + Cable television operator->>User: Billing is sent to the user (Recursive) + User->>OTT provider: Login with the Cable ID to enjoy the OTT service + OTT provider->>Cable television operator: Verify the credential + Cable television operator->>OTT provider: Request the service if the credential is approved + OTT provider->>User: If approved, the service is provided to the user +``` + +This sequence diagram illustrates the interaction for No. 4. It involves three participants: User, Cable television operator, and OTT provider. The process starts with the User sending a message to the Cable television operator to 'Subscribe to the OTT service with the existing Cable ID'. The operator then sends 'Request the user's subscription' to the OTT provider. The OTT provider responds with 'If approved, credit is sent to the cable television operator' to the operator, who in turn sends 'Billing is sent to the user (Recursive)' to the User. Next, the User sends 'Login with the Cable ID to enjoy the OTT service' to the OTT provider. The OTT provider sends 'Verify the credential' to the operator, who responds with 'Request the service if the credential is approved'. Finally, the OTT provider sends 'If approved, the service is provided to the user' to the User. The diagram is labeled J.1304(22) in the bottom right corner. + +Sequence diagram for No. 4: OTT package by a cable operator with billing and service use ID integration + +Figure 5 – No. 4 – OTT package by a cable operator with billing and service use ID integration + +# 8 General architecture + +This clause illustrates the components for cable and an OTT service collaboration. Figure 6 shows the general architecture, where a customer premises equipment (CPE) is a device managed by the cable operator (e.g., set-top box), connected to a cable broadband network and the user's device is an unmanaged device connected to the Internet through Wi-Fi, cellular network, etc. + +![Figure 6 – General architecture of cable and OTT service collaboration. The diagram shows the flow of service registration/control (blue arrows) and content delivery (green arrows) between the User (CPE and User's device), Cable operator (Cable service entity and Cable content server), OTT service provider (OTT service entity and OTT content server), and CDNs (Cable CDN and OTT CDN) via Cable broadband and Internet networks.](eefe19c5e14dc4d6c316b7f7fbb7d7d7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the general architecture of cable and OTT service collaboration. It shows the following components and flows: + +- User:** Contains **CPE** (Customer Premises Equipment) and **User's device**. +- Cable operator:** Contains **Cable service entity** and **Cable content server**. +- OTT service provider:** Contains **OTT service entity** and **OTT content server**. +- Cable broadband:** Network connecting the User's CPE to the Cable operator. +- Internet:** Network connecting the User's device to the OTT service provider. +- Cable CDN:** Content delivery network for cable services. +- OTT CDN:** Content delivery network for OTT services. + +**Flows:** + +- Service registration/control flow (blue arrows):** Connects the User's CPE to the Cable operator's Cable service entity, and the User's device to the OTT service provider's OTT service entity. +- Content delivery flow (green arrows):** Connects the Cable operator's Cable content server to the Cable CDN, and the OTT service provider's OTT content server to the OTT CDN. Both CDNs then deliver content to the User's CPE and User's device. + +J.1304(22) + +Figure 6 – General architecture of cable and OTT service collaboration. The diagram shows the flow of service registration/control (blue arrows) and content delivery (green arrows) between the User (CPE and User's device), Cable operator (Cable service entity and Cable content server), OTT service provider (OTT service entity and OTT content server), and CDNs (Cable CDN and OTT CDN) via Cable broadband and Internet networks. + +**Figure 6 – General architecture of cable and OTT service collaboration** + +This architecture is intended to enable cable operators to incorporate an OTT provider's service subscription into the cable operator's service, specifically in the form of billing integration and/or packaging/bundling with cable television services. + +Cable operators can determine whether collaborated services are provided with their own cable broadband network or not. Also, the type of ID for service use, i.e., cable subscriber ID or OTT subscriber ID, will be chosen by consultation with an OTT provider. + +# 9 Functional requirements + +This clause defines the functional requirements for service collaboration between the cable operator and an OTT provider. Requirements for the cable operator's service entity and service flow are defined. Service interfaces of an OTT service provider including user interfaces on applications and/or web pages are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +## 9.1 Requirements for user identification by cable ID + +[LOG-001]: A cable service entity is required to provide a user interface as an application or a web page for log-in with cable ID in order to identify a user. + +[LOG-002]: A cable service entity can optionally provide an identity federation scheme (e.g., security assertion markup language (SAML) [b-OASIS SAML], openID connect [b-OIDF OIDC], OAuth 2.0 [b-IETF RFC 6749]), so that OTT service entities can provide a scheme for log-in with a cable ID on their service application or web page in the form of embedding or redirection. + +## 9.2 Requirements for cable service interfaces + +[INF-001]: A cable service interface is required to be capable of connection between a cable service entity and an OTT service entity authorized by the cable operator. + +[INF-002]: A cable service interface is required to be capable of secure connections (e.g., transport layer security (TLS) 1.2 [b-IETF RFC 5246], TLS 1.3 [b-IETF RFC 8446]) to be connected with OTT service entities. + +[INF-003]: A service interface is required to anonymise personally identifiable information (PII) included in every message (e.g., by tokenising the user's cable subscriber ID, etc.). + +## **9.3 Requirements for cable billing integration** + +[BIL-001]: A cable service entity is required to process cable billing registration (sign-up) requests from the user for an OTT service subscription by communicating with the OTT service provider through the service interface connected to the OTT service entity. + +[BIL-002]: A cable service entity is required to validate a cable billing registration request by verifying whether the request is correctly associated with a valid cable subscriber ID (authentication) and can be authorized for the specified OTT service (authorization). + +[BIL-003]: A cable service entity can optionally provide some information related to the registered user to the OTT service entity based on a permission given by the user and prior consensus or an agreement with the OTT service provider. + +## **9.4 Requirements for service use integration** + +[SRV-001]: A cable service entity can optionally provide user authentication and authorization for the collaborated OTT service to the OTT service provider through the service interface connected to the OTT entity. This function may be used for the cases described in clauses 7.3 and 7.4. When the user tries to enjoy their subscribed OTT service with a cable ID already registered, the OTT service provider needs to verify the validity of the user's credentials by communicating with the cable operator through the service interface. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-IETF RFC 5246] IETF RFC 5246 (2008), *The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2*. +<> +- [b-IETF RFC 6749] IETF RFC 6749 (2012), *The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework*. +<> +- [b-IETF RFC 8446] IETF RFC 8446 (2018), *The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3*. +<> +- [b-OASIS SAML] OASIS (2006), *Assertions and Protocols for the OASIS Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) V2. 0-Errata Composite*. +<[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228736509\\_Assertions\\_and\\_Protocols\\_for\\_the\\_OASIS\\_Security\\_Assertion\\_Markup\\_Language\\_SAML\\_V2\\_0-Errata\\_Composite](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228736509_Assertions_and_Protocols_for_the_OASIS_Security_Assertion_Markup_Language_SAML_V2_0-Errata_Composite)> +- [b-OIDF OIDC] OpenID Foundation (2014), *OpenID Connect Specifications*. +<> + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | 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Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION J.131** + +# **TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS IN PDH NETWORKS** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation provides the requirements for equipment called "PDH network adapter" for the transport of MPEG-2 signals over PDH networks. It describes the necessary operations to adapt the MPEG-2 Transport Stream into interfaces of PDH networks and the functional characteristics associated with this equipment. + +### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.131 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 18th of March 1998. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 1998 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | | Page | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Terms and definitions..... | 2 | +| 4 | Acronyms and abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 | Network adapter overview ..... | 3 | +| 6.1 | Functional description ..... | 3 | +| 7 | Detailed description of the basic functions ..... | 5 | +| 7.1 | MPEG Physical Interface (MPI)..... | 5 | +| 7.1.1 | Basic characteristics..... | 5 | +| 7.1.2 | Additional characteristics for System A (European system)..... | 7 | +| 7.2 | MPEG/ATM Adaptation (MAA)..... | 8 | +| 7.2.1 | Signal processing in the transmitter (Signal flow from b to c in Figure 1)..... | 9 | +| 7.2.2 | Signal processing in the receiver (Signal flow from c to b in Figure 1)..... | 10 | +| 7.3 | Virtual Path Entity (VPE)..... | 11 | +| 7.3.1 | Signal processing in the transmitter (Signal flow from c to d in Figure 1)..... | 11 | +| 7.3.2 | Signal processing in the receiver (Signal flow from d to c in Figure 1)..... | 12 | +| 7.4 | Virtual Path Multiplexing Entity (VPME)..... | 12 | +| 7.4.1 | Signal processing in the transmitter (Signal flow from d to e in Figure 1)..... | 13 | +| 7.4.2 | Signal processing in the receiver (Signal flow from e to d in Figure 1)..... | 13 | +| 7.5 | PDH Path Layer Trail Termination (Pqs_TT) ..... | 14 | +| 7.6 | PDH Physical Section Layer to PDH Path Layer Adaptation (Eq/Pqs_A) ..... | 15 | +| 7.7 | PDH Physical Section Layer Trail Termination (Eq_TT) ..... | 15 | +| 7.8 | Equipment Management Function (EMF) ..... | 16 | +| 7.8.1 | Overview of the EMF ..... | 16 | +| 7.8.2 | Configuration..... | 17 | +| 7.8.3 | Fault (maintenance) management..... | 17 | +| 7.8.4 | Performance management..... | 18 | +| | Appendix I – Mechanisms of the adaptive clock method..... | 21 | +| | Appendix II – Enabling/disabling the Header Error Control functions ..... | 22 | +| | Appendix III – Transmission capacity of the Network Adapter ..... | 22 | + + + +# TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS IN PDH NETWORKS + +(Geneva, 1998) + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the transmission of MPEG-2 transport streams within PDH networks working at the Recommendation G.702 [1] hierarchical bit rates of 1544 kbit/s, 2048 kbit/s, 6312 kbit/s, 34368 kbit/s, 44736 kbit/s and 139264 kbit/s. The use of any of these bit rates is optional; if, however, one or more rates are selected, the complete specification applies. The definition of the network aspects of the transmission of MPEG-2 Transport Streams is based to the maximum extent on existing international standards. + +The 8 Mbit/s frame structure for the support of ATM is not yet defined. Further study is required. + +The equipment considered in this Recommendation is the Network Adapter performing the adaptation between MPEG-2 transport streams and the interfaces of PDH networks. + +The application of this Recommendation is restricted to a physical layer point-to-point connection without ATM connection functionality at intermediate points. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated are valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revisions; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- [1] CCITT Recommendation G.702 (1988), *Digital hierarchy bit rates*. +- [2] CCITT Recommendation G.703 (1991), *Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces*. +- [3] ITU-T Recommendation G.783 (1997), *Characteristics of Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) equipment functional blocks*. +- [4] ITU-T Recommendation G.804 (1998), *ATM cell mapping into Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH)*. +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation G.826 (1996), *Error performance parameters and objectives for international, constant bit rate digital paths at or above the primary rate*. +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation G.832 (1995), *Transport of SDH elements on PDH networks – Frame and multiplexing structure*. +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation H.222.0 (1995) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:1996, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems*. +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation I.361 (1995), *B-ISDN ATM layer specification*. +- [9] ITU-T Recommendation I.363.1 (1996), *B-ISDN ATM adaptation layer (AAL) specification – Type 1 AAL*. +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation I.432 (1993), *B-ISDN user-network interface – Physical layer specification*. +- [11] ITU-T Recommendation I.732 (1996), *Functional characteristics of ATM equipment*. + +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation J.82 (1996), *Transport of MPEG-2 constant bit rate television signals in B-ISDN*. +- [13] ITU-T Recommendation J.83 (1997), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution*. +- [14] ITU-T Recommendation M.2120 (1997), *Digital paths, section and transmission system fault detection and localization procedures*. +- [15] ITU-T Recommendation Q.822 (1994), *Stage 1, stage 2 and stage 3 description for the Q3 interface – Performance management*. +- [16] ETS 300 417-2-1 (1997), *Transmission and Multiplexing (TM), Generic requirements of transport functionality of equipment; Part 2-1: Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) and Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) physical section layer functions*. +- [17] ETS 300 417-5-1 (1998), *Transmission and Multiplexing (TM), Generic requirements of transport functionality of equipment; Part 5-1: PDH path layer functions*. +- [18] ETR 290 (1997), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Measurement guidelines for DVB systems*. +- [19] EN 50083-9 (1998), *Cabled distribution systems for television, sound and interactive multimedia signals; Part 9: Interfaces for CATV/SMATV headends and similar professional equipment for DVB/MPEG-2 transport streams*. +- [20] ANSI T1.102 (1993), *Telecommunications – Digital Hierarchy – Electrical Interfaces*. +- [21] ITU-T Recommendation G.704 (1995), *Synchronous frame structures used at 1544, 6312, 2048, 8448 and 44 736 kbit/s hierarchical levels*. + +# 3 Terms and definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms. + +**3.1 fixed stuff:** Bytes that are used to fill up unused data positions. + +**3.2 MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS) packet:** A data packet possessing a length of 188 bytes including 4 bytes of header information. The header contains MPEG-related data. + +**3.3 RS-coded MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS) packet:** A data packet possessing a length of 204 bytes. Bytes 1 to 188 contain an MPEG-2 transport stream packet. Bytes 189 to 204 contain the parity-check bytes for the error correction of the preceding bytes of this packet. These parity-check bytes are generated using a shortened Reed Solomon Code RS (204, 188), as specified in Annex A/J.83 [13]. + +# 4 Acronyms and abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-----|-------------------------------| +| AAL | ATM Adaptation Layer | +| ASI | Asynchronous Serial Interface | +| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode | +| BER | Bit Error Rate | +| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check | +| CS | Convergence Sublayer | +| DVB | Digital Video Broadcasting | + +| | | +|-----------|--------------------------------------| +| EMF | Equipment Management Function | +| FAS | Frame Alignment Signal | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| LOF | Loss of Frame | +| LOS | Loss of Signal | +| MAA | MPEG/ATM Adaptation | +| MON | Monitoring | +| MPEG | Moving Pictures Experts Group | +| MPEG-2-TS | MPEG-2 Transport Stream | +| MPI | MPEG Physical Interface | +| NE | Network Element | +| PDH | Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| PL | Path Layer | +| PPI | PDH Physical Interface | +| PPT | PDH Path Termination | +| PSL | Physical Section Layer | +| RDI | Remote Defect Indication | +| RS | Reed Solomon | +| SAP | Service Access Point | +| SAR | Segmentation and Reassembly sublayer | +| SN | Sequence Number | +| SPI | Synchronous Parallel Interface | +| SSI | Synchronous Serial Interface | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| VP | Virtual Path | +| VPE | Virtual Path Entity | +| VPME | Virtual Path Multiplexing Entity | + +# 5 Conventions + +Unless otherwise mentioned, in this Recommendation the following conventions hold true: + +- The order of transmission of information in all diagrams is first from left to right and then from top to bottom. Within each byte or octet the most significant bit is transmitted first. + +# 6 Network adapter overview + +## 6.1 Functional description + +The Network Adapter is an equipment which performs the adaptation of data structured as an MPEG-2 Transport Stream to the characteristics of a PDH link. The solution selected for the transmission of MPEG-2-TS packets, or optionally for the transmission of RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets, over PDH links is based on the use of ATM cells. Therefore, the adaptation of the transport of an MPEG-2-TS basically consists in: + +- adaptation of MPEG-2-TS packets or RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets to ATM cells; +- adaptation of ATM cells to PDH framing. + +NOTE – The processing of ATM VC level is not performed. + +The normative references applicable to the adaptation unless specifically mentioned are given here below: + +- the adaptation of MPEG-2-TS packets into ATM cells using an AAL type 1 shall be performed as described in Recommendation J.82 [12]. AAL type 1 is specified in Recommendation I.363.1 [9], the ATM layer is specified in Recommendation I.361 [8]; +- the adaptation of ATM cells into PDH framing shall be performed as described in Recommendation G.804 [4]. + +There is no normative reference for the adaptation of RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets to ATM cells. This adaptation shall be performed as described in Recommendation J.82 [12] for MPEG-2-TS packets, with the only exception that the RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets are not aligned with the structure of the AAL1 interleaving matrix. + +The Network Adapter is described as a group of functional blocks. The partitioning into functional blocks is based on existing Recommendations on SDH equipment (Recommendation G.783 [3]) and ATM equipment (Recommendation I.732 [11]). The equipment consists of the following blocks (see also Figure 1): + +- MPEG Physical Interface (MPI); +- MPEG/ATM Adaptation (MAA); +- Virtual Path Entity (VPE); +- VP Multiplexing Entity (VPME); +- PDH Path Layer Trail Termination (Pqs\_TT); +- PDH Physical Section Layer to PDH Path Layer Adaptation (Eq/Pqs\_A); +- PDH Physical Section Layer Trail Termination (Eq\_TT); and +- Equipment Management Function (EMF). + +The present description is a functional description and does not imply any specific equipment implementation but it allows for the implementation of a separate transmitter and receiver as well as a combined transmitter/receiver. + +![Functional blocks for the Network Adapter diagram](053f1077d592e6622cd21dc4bb4cb366_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional blocks of a Network Adapter. It consists of seven main blocks arranged horizontally, connected by arrows indicating the flow of data. From left to right, the blocks are: MPI (MPEG Physical Interface), MAA (MPEG ATM Adaptation), VPE (ATM VP Termination), VPME (VP Multiplexing Entity), Pqs\_TT (PDH PL Trail Termination), Eq/Pqs\_A (PDH PSL to PDH PL Adaptation), and Eq\_TT (PDH PSL Trail Termination). The interfaces are labeled with letters: 'a' for the MPEG interface on the left, 'b' between MPI and MAA, 'c' between MAA and VPE, 'd' between VPE and VPME, 'e' between VPME and Pqs\_TT, and 'PDH interface' on the far right. Below the main sequence of blocks, a box labeled 'EMF' (Equipment Management Function) is connected to the text 'All functional blocks' via a double-headed vertical arrow. The text 'T0905640-97/d01' is located in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +Functional blocks for the Network Adapter diagram + +NOTE – Synchronization functions are for further study. + +**Figure 1/J.131 – Functional blocks for the Network Adapter** + +The protocol stack used by this equipment is shown in Figure 2. + +![Figure 2/J.131 – Protocol stack for the adaptation process. The diagram shows a vertical stack of six layers. The top layer is 'MPEG-2 System Layer (Transport Stream)'. Below it is a sub-layer 'RS-coded MPEG-2-TS (DVB)'. The remaining four layers are 'ATM Adaptation Layer type 1', 'ATM layer', 'Transmission Convergence Sublayer', and 'Physical Medium Dependent sublayer'.](5b4e774d63e0e0ed73801a9247755e5f_img.jpg) + +| | +|----------------------------------------| +| MPEG-2 System Layer (Transport Stream) | +| RS-coded MPEG-2-TS (DVB) | +| ATM Adaptation Layer type 1 | +| ATM layer | +| Transmission Convergence Sublayer | +| Physical Medium Dependent sublayer | + +Figure 2/J.131 – Protocol stack for the adaptation process. The diagram shows a vertical stack of six layers. The top layer is 'MPEG-2 System Layer (Transport Stream)'. Below it is a sub-layer 'RS-coded MPEG-2-TS (DVB)'. The remaining four layers are 'ATM Adaptation Layer type 1', 'ATM layer', 'Transmission Convergence Sublayer', and 'Physical Medium Dependent sublayer'. + +**Figure 2/J.131 – Protocol stack for the adaptation process** + +The following functional blocks are identified: + +- *The MPEG-2-TS Physical Interface*: the Network Adapter accepts, at its input port, either an MPEG-2-TS consisting of consecutive MPEG-2-TS packets, or optionally an extended version of an MPEG-2-TS that already contains error protection as specified in Annex A/J.83 [13] (RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets). Packets length of 188 bytes and optionally 204 bytes can be handled. +- *The MPEG/ATM Adaptation*: this corresponds to the adaptation between the MPEG-2-TS, or the RS-coded MPEG 2-TS, and the ATM cells via an AAL type 1. This adaptation, besides format adaptation, provides functions for the MPEG-2-TS clock transmission transparency (adaptive clock method) and information transparency using the clock and data recovery mechanism of AAL1. It is expected that under normal transmission conditions the received MPEG-2-TS will be quasi error free, corresponding to a Bit Error Rate (BER) of about $10^{-10}$ to $10^{-11}$ at the input of an MPEG-2 equipment at the receiver site. This requirement is in accordance with cable systems specified in Annex A/J.83 [13]. +- *The Virtual Path Entity*: the only function performed is the VP setting. It allows the simultaneous transmission of several independent MPEG-2-TS on one PDH link. +- *The VP Multiplexing Entity*: if different MPEG-2-TS have to be simultaneously transported, the ATM cells belonging to different VPs are multiplexed in the transmitter respectively demultiplexed in the receiver. If only one MPEG-2-TS has to be transported, only one VP is used. The adaptation to the useful bit rate offered by the PDH link is performed by adding respectively removing idle cells. At the receiver, this block also performs cell delineation and ATM cell header checking. +- *The PDH Path Layer Trail Termination (Pqs\_TT)*: this function generates and terminates all the overhead of the PDH frames carrying ATM cells. The overhead contains information providing Operation Administration and Maintenance functions. +- *The PDH Physical Section Layer to PDH Path Layer Adaptation (Eq/Pqs\_A)*: this function extracts timing from the received signal and regenerates the data. +- *The PDH Physical Section Layer Trail Termination (Eq\_TT)*: this function provides the interface between the equipment and the physical medium carrying a signal which may have any of the physical characteristics of those described in Recommendation G.703 [2]. +- *The Equipment Management Function*: this block manages all the other functional blocks. It ensures the Man Machine Interface. + +# 7 Detailed description of the basic functions + +## 7.1 MPEG Physical Interface (MPI) + +### 7.1.1 Basic characteristics + +This function provides the interface between the Network Adapter and the MPEG-2-TS sources or receivers. + +In order to prevent alarms being raised and failures being reported during set-up procedures or if the input port is not in use (in the case of a multi-port equipment), the MPI function shall have the ability to enable or disable fault case declaration. The MPI shall be either monitored (MON) or not monitored (NMON). The state MON or NMON is provisioned by the equipment manager to the MPI via the EMF function. + +#### 7.1.1.1 Signal processing in the receiver (Signal flow from a to b in Figure 1) + +##### a) *Recovery of MPEG-2 packets* + +This function recovers the data bytes and their clock from the received signals. + +The function also realizes the sync acquisition of the MPEG-2-TS packets, or optionally of the RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets, on the basis of the method proposed in subclause 3.2 of ETR 290 [18] (five consecutive correct sync bytes for sync acquisition; two or more consecutive corrupted sync bytes should indicate sync loss). + +The function passes the recovered MPEG-2-TS packets or the RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets and the timing information to point b of Figure 1. + +This function shall also detect the absence of valid input signals and the absence of clock. + +If any of these defects is detected, a Loss of Signal (LOS) is reported at the EMF if the function is in MON state. + +If a loss of synchronization of MPEG-2-TS packets or RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets is detected according to the procedure proposed in subclause 3.2 of ETR 290 [18] (i.e. two or more consecutive corrupted sync bytes are found), a TS\_sync\_loss error on the input signal (TSLE\_I) is reported at the EMF if the function is in MON state. + +##### b) *Performance monitoring* + +Errored blocks are detected on the basis of the transport\_error\_indicator present in the headers of the incoming MPEG-2-TS packets, in accordance to ETR 290 [18]. One-second filters perform a simple integration of errored blocks by counting during a one-second interval. The function generates the following performance parameters concerning the input MPEG-2-TS signal received on the interface: + +- N\_EBC\_I: every second, the number of errored blocks within that second is counted as the Near-End Error Block Count (N\_EBC\_I); +- N\_DS\_I: every second with at least one occurrence of TSLE\_I or LOS (corresponding to the notion of Severely Disturbed Period introduced in ETR 290 [18]) shall be indicated as Near-End Defect Second (N\_DS\_I). + +If the function is in the MON state, at the end of each one second interval, the contents of the N\_EBC\_I counter and of the N\_DS\_I indicator are reported to the EMF. Furthermore, on request of the EMF block, the MPI block evaluates and reports to the EMF the number of received MPEG-2-TS packets within one second (BC\_I). + +#### 7.1.1.2 Signal processing in the transmitter (Signal flow from b to a in Figure 1) + +##### a) *Generation of the signals at the MPEG physical interface* + +This function receives the data bytes provided at the reference point b of Figure 1 by the MAA block and recovers the synchronization of the MPEG-2-TS packets or optionally of the RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets on the basis of the method proposed in subclause 3.2 of ETR 290 [18] (five consecutive correct sync bytes for sync acquisition; two or more consecutive corrupted sync bytes should indicate sync loss). Optionally, the type of packet (MPEG-2-TS packet or RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packet) is determined on the basis of the periodicity of the synchronization bytes. After the recovery of the packet structure and only in the case of a MPEG-2-TS packet structure, the function shall use the status indicator of the AAL-SAP (available at reference point b) to set the transport\_error\_indicator of the MPEG-2-TS packets. + +The function generates the appropriate signals at the output interface. + +If a loss of synchronization of MPEG-2-TS packets or optionally of the RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets is detected according to the procedure proposed in the subclause 3.2 of ETR 290 [18] (i.e. two or more consecutive corrupted sync bytes are found), a TS\_sync\_loss error for the output signal (TSLE\_O) is reported at the EMF if the function is in MON state. + +##### b) *Performance monitoring* + +Errored blocks are detected on the basis of the transport\_error\_indicator present in the headers of the MPEG-2-TS packets regenerated in the MPI block, in accordance to ETR 290 [18]. One-second filters perform a simple integration of errored blocks by counting during a one-second interval. The function generates the following performance parameters concerning the output MPEG-2-TS signal delivered by the interface: + +- N\_EBC\_O: every second, the number of errored blocks within that second is counted as the Near-End Error Block Count (N\_EBC\_O); +- N\_DS\_O: every second with at least one occurrence of TSLE\_O or LOS (corresponding to the notion of Severely Disturbed Period introduced in ETR 290 [18]) shall be indicated as Near-End Defect Second (N\_DS\_O). + +If the function is in the MON state, at the end of each one-second interval, the contents of the N\_EBC\_O counter and of the N\_DS\_O indicator are reported to the EMF. Furthermore, on request of the EMF block, the MPI block evaluates and reports at the EMF the number of received MPEG-2-TS packets within one second (BC\_O). + +### 7.1.2 Additional characteristics for System A (European system) + +The physical characteristics of the interface shall follow the specification given in EN 50083-9 [19]. Three different types of interfaces are specified. They are called: + +- Synchronous Parallel Interface (SPI); +- Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI); +- Asynchronous Serial Interface (ASI). + +The interfaces use the MPEG-2-TS packet structure (188 bytes) or the RS-coded packet structure (204 bytes). For the Synchronous Parallel Interface and the Synchronous Serial Interface, the 204-byte format may be used either for the transmission of 188-byte MPEG-2-TS packets with 16 dummy bytes, or for the transmission of 204-byte RS-coded packets. + +#### 7.1.2.1 Signal processing in the receiver + +Data bytes and their clock are recovered from the received signals as specified below: + +- For the Synchronous Parallel Interface, this recovery is based on the use of the Data (0-7), the DVALID, PSYNC and clock signals, as specified in subclause 4.1 of EN 50083-9 [19]. +- For the SSI interface, the processing includes optical receiver (for fibre-optic-based link) or coupling/impedance matching (for coaxial cable), amplifier/buffer, clock recovery and bi-phase decoding, serial to parallel conversion, as specified in Annex A of EN 50083-9 [19]. +- For the ASI interface, the processing includes optical receiver (for fibre-optic-based link) or coupling/impedance matching (for coaxial cable), amplifier/buffer, clock/data recovery and serial-to-parallel conversion, FC comma deletion, 8B/10B decoding, as specified in Annex B of EN 50083-9 [19]. In the next step, the recovery of the transport stream clock is performed (see Annex E of EN 50083-9 [19]: implementation guidelines and deriving clocks from the MPEG-2 packets for the ASI). + +The packet size (188 bytes or 204 bytes) may be recovered from the received signals, on the basis of the PSYNC signal for the parallel interface, or on the basis of periodicity of the synchronization bytes for the serial interfaces. For the case of the Synchronous Parallel Interface and of the SSI interface, the decision between 204-byte format for MPEG-2-TS packets with 16 dummy bytes and 204-byte format for RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets can be made: + +- on the basis of the DVALID signal for the Synchronous Parallel Interface: a high level during the last 16 bytes indicates RS redundancy bytes (subclause 4.1.1 of EN 50083-9 [19]); or +- on the basis of the value of received synchronization bytes for the SSI interface: 47H indicates 204-byte format with 16 dummy bytes and B8H indicates 204-byte RS-coded (subclause A.3.2 of EN 50083-9 [19]). + +For the case of the ASI Interface, the following decision is taken: If the packet size is 204 bytes, it is an RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packet. + +Dummy bytes are discarded by the MPI function in the case of the 204-byte format with 16 dummy bytes. + +The function shall meet the electrical/optical characteristics, return loss and jitter requirements specified in EN 50083-9 [19]. + +A Loss of Signal (LOS) is reported at the EMF if the function is in MON state if any of the following defects is detected: absence of valid input signals, absence of clock or a DVALID signal constantly low in the case of the Synchronous Parallel Interface. + +#### 7.1.2.2 Signal processing in the transmitter + +The function determines the transmission format to be used at the output interface according to Table 1. + +**Table 1/J.131 – Transmission format of the output interface** + +| Type of packets received by the MPI block | Transmission format on the physical interface | | +|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | SPI, SSI: | 188-byte packets or 204-byte packets with 16 dummy bytes, according to the parameter FORMAT provided by the EMF block | +| MPEG-2-TS packets (188 bytes) | ASI: | 188-byte packets | +| RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets (204 bytes) | SPI, SSI, ASI: | 204-byte packets | + +The function generates the appropriate signals at the output interface, according to the type of physical interface and to the transmission format selected: + +- For the Synchronous Parallel Interface, the function generates the Data (0-7), the DVALID, PSYNC and clock signals, as specified in subclause 4.1 of EN 50083-9 [19]. +- For the SSI interface, the processing includes parallel-to-serial conversion, bi-phase coding, amplifier/buffer and optical emitter (for fibre-optic-based link) or coupling/impedance matching (for coaxial cable), as specified in Annex A of EN 50083-9 [19]. +- For the ASI interface, the processing includes 8B/10B coding, FC comma symbols insertion, parallel-to-serial conversion, amplifier buffer and optical emitter (for fibre-optic-based link) or coupling/impedance matching (for coaxial cable), as specified in Annex B of EN 50083-9 [19]. + +The function shall meet the electrical/optical characteristics, return loss and jitter requirements specified in EN 50083-9 [19]. + +## 7.2 MPEG/ATM Adaptation (MAA) + +The MPEG/ATM Adaptation (MAA) utilizes the AAL type 1. The AAL type 1 is described in Recommendation I.363.1 [9] where its functions are described for all corresponding applications. Specifically, the utilization of the AAL1 for the transport of MPEG-2 constant bit rate television signals is described in clause 7/J.82 [12]. As a result, the description of the MPEG/ATM Adaptation is based on clause 7/J.82 [12]. The structure of AAL type 1 is given in Figure 3. The SAR-PDU (Segmentation and Reassembly – Protocol Data Unit) payload of 47 octets is headed by an SAR-PDU header of 8 bits. For the transmission, the payload data is protected by an FEC scheme. + +![Diagram showing the structure of AAL type 1. It consists of an 8-bit SAR-PDU header (CSI: 1 bit, SC: 3 bits, CRC-3: 3 bits, EP: 1 bit) followed by a 47-octet SAR-PDU payload. Below the header, a diagram shows the SN field and SNP field with arrows and an 'X' mark between them.](66c2bf11a8f117cddf67eff92d4c736c_img.jpg) + +SAR-PDU header + +| | | | | | +|-------|--------|--------|-------|-----------------| +| CSI | SC | CRC-3 | EP | SAR-PDU payload | +| 1 bit | 3 bits | 3 bits | 1 bit | 47 octets | + +T0905650-97/d02 + +← SN field +—X— +SNP field → + +Diagram showing the structure of AAL type 1. It consists of an 8-bit SAR-PDU header (CSI: 1 bit, SC: 3 bits, CRC-3: 3 bits, EP: 1 bit) followed by a 47-octet SAR-PDU payload. Below the header, a diagram shows the SN field and SNP field with arrows and an 'X' mark between them. + +**Figure 3/J.131 – Structure of AAL type 1** + +To prevent alarms being raised and failures being reported during set-up procedures, or if the input port is not in use (in the case of a multi-port equipment), the MAA function shall have the ability to enable or disable fault case declaration. The MAA shall either be monitored (MON) or not monitored (NMON). The state MON or NMON is provisioned by the equipment manager to the MAA via the EMF function. + +### 7.2.1 Signal processing in the transmitter (Signal flow from b to c in Figure 1) + +The MAA accepts signals from the MPI and conveys them to the VPE by using a transmitting AAL1. From the protocol stack point of view, signals are transported from the AAL-SAP (AAL-Service Access Point) to the ATM-SAP. + +Functions to be performed are those of the AAL1-CS (Convergence Sublayer) and of the AAL1-SAR (Segmentation and Reassembly). The results of these functions are used to set the appropriate fields of the SAR-PDU header. The SAR Sublayer accepts a 47-octet block of data from the CS layer and prepends a one-octet SAR-PDU header. + +#### a) *Handling of user information (CS function)* + +In compliance with 7.1/J.82 [12], the length of the AAL-SDU (Service Data Unit) is one octet. + +#### b) *Handling of lost and misinserted cells (SC field) (CS function)* + +In the transmitting CS this function is related to the Sequence Count (SC) processing. After processing, the 3-bit sequence count value is passed to the transmitting SAR in order to be inserted in the SC field of the SAR-PDU header (see 7.3/J.82 [12]). + +#### c) *Handling of the timing relationship (CS function)* + +As it is stated in 7.4/J.82 [12], the adaptive clock method shall be used. In this method, no function is to be performed in the transmitting CS. + +#### d) *Forward error correction for SAR-PDU payload (CS function)* + +This function is performed by the method described in detail in 2.5.2.4.2/I.363.1 [9]. As stated in 7.5/J.82 [12], this method shall be used. + +Basically the method combines octet interleaving (the size of the interleaver is $128 \times 47$ octets), and FEC using RS (124, 128) codes. + +In the transmitting CS, 4 octets of Reed Solomon code are appended to 124 successive octets of incoming data from the AAL-SAP. The resulting 128-octet long blocks are then forwarded to the octet interleaver. See Figure 4 for the format of the interleaver matrix. + +![Diagram showing the structure and format of the interleaver matrix. It includes a table with 124 octets of Data and 4 octets of FEC, with arrows indicating the writing and reading orders.](df0bcbfa8f8e1937e071445426c28022_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure and format of the interleaver matrix. It consists of a table with 124 columns of 'Data' and 4 columns of 'FEC'. The rows are numbered 1, 2, ..., 47. Above the table, two arrows indicate the 'Writing order' (top arrow, left to right) and 'Reading order' (bottom arrow, right to left). The 'Data' section is labeled '124 octets' and the 'FEC' section is labeled '4 octets'. The text 'T0905660-97/d03' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +| | 124 octets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 4 octets | | | | +|-----|------------|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|----------|--|--|--| +| 1 | Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | FEC | | | | +| 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| ... | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 47 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Diagram showing the structure and format of the interleaver matrix. It includes a table with 124 octets of Data and 4 octets of FEC, with arrows indicating the writing and reading orders. + +Figure 4/J.131 – Structure and format of the interleaver matrix + +The octet interleaver is organized as a matrix of 128 columns and 47 rows. In the transmitting CS, the interleaver is operated as follows: at the input, incoming 128-octet long blocks are stored row by row (one block corresponding to one row); at the output, octets are read out column by column. The matrix has $128 \times 47 = 6016$ octets, corresponding to 128 SAR-PDU payloads. These 128 SAR-PDU payloads constitute one CS-PDU. + +When MPEG-2-TS packets of 188 octets are transmitted by the MPI, then the interleaver contains exactly 31 MPEG-2-TS packets. In the case of the option in which RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets of 204 octets are transmitted, then the number of RS-coded MPEG-2-TS packets contained in the interleaver is not an integer number. This has no impact on the processing. + +Columns from the interleaver are then passed to the SAR where a SAR-PDU header is put in front of each of them. + +#### e) *Synchronization of the CS-PDU (CS function)* + +The CSI bit is used to synchronize the interleaving matrix, i.e. the CS-PDU. Following 7.5/J.82 [12], the CSI bit is set to "1" for the first SAR-PDU payload of the CS-PDU. + +#### f) *Protection of the sequence number field (SAR function)* + +The first four bits of every SAR-PDU header form the Sequence Number (SN) field. This SN field is protected by a 3-bit CRC code following the calculation described in 2.4.2.2/I.363.1 [9]. The result of this calculation, the remainder of the division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^3 + x + 1$ of the product $x^3$ multiplied by the content of the SN field, is written into the CRC field. + +#### g) *Protection of the SAR-PDU header (SAR function)* + +The first seven bits of each SAR-PDU header are protected by an even parity check bit that is written into bit EP of the actual SAR-PDU header. + +The AAL1 SAR passes 48-octet blocks to the VPE. + +### 7.2.2 Signal processing in the receiver (Signal flow from c to b in Figure 1) + +The MAA receives signals from the VPE block and conveys them to the MPI block by using a receiving AAL1. From the protocol stack point of view, signals are transported from the ATM-SAP (ATM-Service Access Point) to the AAL-SAP. + +Functions to be performed are those of the AAL1-SAR (Segmentation and Reassembly) and of the AAL1-CS (Convergence Sublayer). The content of the SAR-PDU header is evaluated in order to specify relevant functions of the AAL1-SAR respectively of the AAL1-CS. + +The MAA receives from the VPE 48-octet long blocks corresponding to cell payloads. The SAR separates the SAR-PDU header (one octet) and passes the 47-octet block of data to the receiving CS. + +#### a) *Evaluation of the SNP field (CRC-3 field and EP bit) (SAR function)* + +The SAR protocol is described in 2.4.2/I.363.1 [9]. After processing of the SNP field (Sequence Number Protection), the Sequence Count field and the CSI bit are passed to the receiving CS together with the SN check status indicator (valid or invalid). The use of the SN check status together with the considered processing is described in detail in 2.4.2.2/I.363.1 and in Table 1/I.363.1 [9]. + +If the SN check status indicator has been set to invalid, a SNI (Sequence Number Invalid) indication is forwarded to the EMF. + +#### b) *Handling of user information (CS function)* + +In compliance with 7.1/J.82 [12], the length of the AAL-SDU (Service Data Unit) is one octet and the status parameter is used. As mentioned in Recommendation I.363.1 [9], the status parameter possesses two values: "valid" and "invalid". "Invalid" is used in the case where errors have been detected and have not been corrected [for the use of this parameter, see description under e)]. + +#### c) *Handling of lost and misinserted cells (CS function)* + +Detection of lost and misinserted cell events is performed by using the Sequence Count (SC) value transmitted by the receiving SAR. The CS processing for SC operation is described in detail in 2.5.2.1.2 /I.363.1 [9]. + +In the receiving AAL1-CS, the processing is as follows: the SC is processed in order to detect cell loss events. In case of a detected cell loss, 47 dummy octets are inserted in the signal flow in order to maintain bit count integrity. Detected misinserted cells are merely discarded. + +Lost and Misinserted Cells (LMC) events are transmitted to the EMF. + +#### d) *Handling of the timing relationship (CS function)* + +The end-to-end synchronization function is performed by the adaptive clock method described in 2.5.2.2.2/I.363.1 [9]. A short description of the method is given in Appendix I. It is pointed out that the adaptive clock method does not need any external clock to be operated. + +#### e) *Correction of bit errors and lost cells (CS function)* + +In the receiving AAL1-CS, the mechanism in the interleaver is the inverse of that of the transmitting interleaver, i.e. the writing order is vertical and the reading order is horizontal. Information is stored in the receiving interleaver column by column. In the case of insertion of dummy octets, an indication is provided in order to enable the use of the erasure mode of the RS codes. After the whole interleaving matrix has been stored, it is read out block by block to the RS decoder where errors and erasures are corrected. + +Correction capabilities are up to 4 cell losses in a group of 128 cells and up to 2 errored octets in a block of 128 octets. It ensures that, under normal transmission conditions, the received MPEG-2-TS flow is quasi error free. + +If the RS decoder is unable to correct the errors, then the "status" indicator of the AAL-SAP shall be used (see 7.1/J.82 [12]) in order to signal this error. The indicator is passed to the MPI block and to the EMF. + +## 7.3 Virtual Path Entity (VPE) + +Among all the functions referenced in Recommendation I.732 [11] for this functional block, only the VP setting is ensured. This function only concerns the signal flow from point c to point d in Figure 1. The ATM cell header that contains the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) is organized as shown in Figure 5. + +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | bit / byte | +|----------------------------------|---|---|-------------------------|----------------------------------|---|-----|---|------------| +| Generic Flow Control (GFC) | | | | Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) | | | | 1 | +| Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) | | | | Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) | | | | 2 | +| Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) | | | | | | | | 3 | +| Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) | | | Payload Type (PT) Field | | | CLP | | 4 | +| Header Error Control (HEC) | | | | | | | | 5 | + +Figure 5/J.131 – Structure of an ATM cell header + +### 7.3.1 Signal processing in the transmitter (Signal flow from c to d in Figure 1) + +#### *VP setting* + +The VPI value is processed in accordance with the assigned values. As far as no VC-related block is implemented in the Network Adapter, VC setting is also performed in this block to the fixed value 0020h. VPI value 00h is forbidden. Any other value may be used. However, it is suggested the VPI values listed in Table 2 be used: + +**Table 2/J.131 – Default values for the setting of the VPI** + +| Number of MPEG-2-TS to be simultaneously transported | MPEG-2-TS number | VPI value | +|------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-----------| +| 1 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| 2 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 2 | 12h | +| 3 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 2 | 12h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 3 | 13h | +| 4 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 2 | 12h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 3 | 13h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 4 | 14h | +| 5 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| | ... | ... | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 4 | 14h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 5 | 15h | +| 6 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| | ... | ... | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 5 | 15h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 6 | 16h | +| 7 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| | ... | ... | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 6 | 16h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 7 | 17h | +| 8 | MPEG-2-TS No. 1 | 11h | +| | ... | ... | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 7 | 17h | +| | MPEG-2-TS No. 8 | 18h | + +The VPI values used are setable by the EMF. The default values used are in accordance with Table 2 above. + +### 7.3.2 Signal processing in the receiver (Signal flow from d to c in Figure 1) + +No function of the VPE is implemented in this direction. + +## 7.4 Virtual Path Multiplexing Entity (VPME) + +This functional block is responsible for the adaptation between an ATM cell structure and a PDH transmission path structure. The partitioning of the VPME into functional blocks as described below is in accordance with Recommendation I.732 [11]. The organization of the ATM cell header whose content is partly set in this functional block is shown in Figure 5. + +In order to prevent alarms being raised and failures being reported during path provisioning, the VPME function shall have the ability to enable or disable fault cause declaration. The Virtual Path Multiplexing Entity shall be either monitored (MON) or not monitored (NMON). The state MON or NMON is provisioned by the equipment manager to the VPME via the EMF function. The state of the VPME and the associated PPT and PPI shall be identical. + +### 7.4.1 Signal processing in the transmitter (Signal flow from d to e in Figure 1) + +#### a) *VP multiplexing* + +This function enables individual cell flows to be logically combined into a single cell flow according to the VPI values. + +#### b) *Congestion control* + +This function is not used in this equipment. The cell loss priority bit CLP shall be set to "0" (corresponding to high cell priority in ATM terminology). + +GFC: This function is not used in this equipment. The GFC field shall be set to "0000" (corresponding to uncontrolled equipment in ATM technology). + +#### c) *PT field* + +This function is not used in this equipment. The three bits of the PT field shall be set to "000". + +#### d) *Cell rate decoupling* + +Idle cells are inserted into the cell stream in order to match the rate of the PDH transmission path payload (i.e. the useful rate of the PDH path) in accordance with Recommendation I.432 [10]. The format of the idle cell shall be in accordance with Recommendation I.432 [10]. It is described in Figure 6. + +![Diagram of Idle cell format showing ATM cell header and ATM cell information field.](04f51626e2e10a16e3eb2c4b33cb2742_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|---------|-----|-------------|-----------------| +| Octet 1 | 00h | | ATM cell header | +| Octet 2 | 00h | | | +| Octet 3 | 00h | | | +| Octet 4 | 01h | | | +| Octet 5 | 52h | (Valid HEC) | | + + + +| | | | | +|----------------|-----|--|-------------------------------| +| Octets 6 to 53 | 6Ah | | ATM cell information
field | +|----------------|-----|--|-------------------------------| + +Diagram of Idle cell format showing ATM cell header and ATM cell information field. + +**Figure 6/J.131 – Idle cell format** + +#### e) *HEC processing* + +The HEC value for each cell is calculated and inserted into the HEC field. The method of HEC value calculation shall be in accordance with Recommendation I.432 [10]. Basically, the HEC field is the remainder of the division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^8 + x^2 + x + 1$ of the product $x^8$ multiplied by the content of the header excluding the HEC field, to which is added the value 55h. + +#### f) *Scrambling* + +The information field of each cell is scrambled with a self-synchronizing scrambler $x^{43} + 1$ . The operation of the scrambler shall be in accordance with Recommendation I.432 [10]. + +#### g) *Cell stream mapping* + +The cell stream shall be inserted into PDH transmission path payload which shall be in accordance with Recommendation G.804 [4]. The mapping into 44 736 kbit/s shall be HEC-based as described in 7.3/G.804 [4]. The cell boundaries are aligned with the transmission path octet boundaries if an octet structure is considered. + +### 7.4.2 Signal processing in the receiver (Signal flow from e to d in Figure 1) + +#### a) *Cell stream demapping* + +The cell stream shall be extracted from PDH transmission path payload which shall be in accordance with Recommendation G.804 [4]. The demapping of cells out of the 44 736 kbit/s data stream has to take into account the HEC-based mapping scheme mentioned in 7.4.1 g) above. The cell boundaries are aligned with the transmission path octet boundaries if an octet structure is considered. + +#### b) *Cell delineation* + +Cell delineation is performed on the continuous cell stream extract from the transmission path frames. The cell delineation algorithm shall be in accordance with Recommendation I.432 [10]. Basically, it is based on the correlation between the header bits to be protected (32 bits) and the relevant control bits (8 bits) introduced in the header by the HEC. Cell delineation is deemed to be lost causing a LCD defect after 7 consecutive incorrect HECs. Cell delineation is deemed to be recovered after 6 consecutive correct HECs. If the function is in the MON state, the LCD defect is reported to the EMF. + +#### c) *Descrambling* + +The information field of each cell is descrambled with a self-synchronizing scrambler polynomial $x^{43} + 1$ . The operation of the descrambler shall be in accordance with Recommendation G.804 [4]. + +#### d) *HEC processing* + +HEC verification and correction are based on the methods described in Recommendation I.432 [10]. The HEC correction mode may be activated/deactivated by the EMF. In case of cells determined to have an invalid and uncorrectable HEC pattern, two options are possible. Either the invalid cells may be discarded (in accordance with Recommendation I.432 [10]) or the invalid cells may not be discarded (not in accordance with Recommendation I.432 [10]). The wanted option is selected by the EMF. Further information is given in Appendix II. + +#### e) *Cell rate decoupling* + +Idle cells are extracted from the cell stream. They are identified by the standardized pattern for the cell header. + +#### f) *PT identification* + +This function is not implemented. The corresponding bits are ignored. + +#### g) *Cell header verification* + +The receiving Network Adapter shall verify that the first four octets of the ATM cell header are recognizable as being a valid header pattern. Invalid header pattern is (p = any value) given in Figure 7. + +| | | | | | +|-------------|------------------|----------------------------|-----------|----------| +| GFC
pppp | VPI
0000 0000 | VCI
0000 0000 0000 0000 | PT
ppp | CLP
1 | +|-------------|------------------|----------------------------|-----------|----------| + +Figure 7/J.131 – Invalid header pattern + +Idle cells are discarded. + +#### h) *GFC check* + +This function is not implemented. The corresponding bits of the GFC field are ignored. + +#### i) *VPI verification* + +The receiving Network Adapter shall verify that the VPI of the received cell is valid. If the VPI is determined to be invalid (i.e. out-of-range or unassigned – see 7.3.1, item "VP setting"), the cell shall be discarded. + +#### j) *Congestion control* + +This function is not implemented. The corresponding bit CLP is ignored. + +#### h) *VP demultiplexing* + +This function enables the flow of cells which have to be logically separated into individual data flows according to their VP values. + +## 7.5 PDH Path Layer Trail Termination (Pqs\_TT) + +Based on the hierarchical bit rates of 1544 kbit/s, 2048 kbit/s, 6312 kbit/s, 34 368 kbit/s, 44 736 kbit/s and 139 264 kbit/s, the references to Recommendations and information for the PDH path layer trail termination are given in Table 3. + +**Table 3/J.131 – References for the Pqs\_TT functions** + +| Bit rate | Function name | Frame structure Recommendation | Atomic functions | +|-----------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| 2 Mbit/s | P12s_TT | G.704 | See [17] | +| 34 Mbit/s | P31s_TT | G.832 | See [17] | +| 140 Mbit/s | P4s_TT | G.832 | See [17] | +| 1.5 Mbit/s | P11s_TT | G.704 | For further study | +| 6 Mbit/s | P21s_TT | G.704 | For further study | +| 45 Mbit/s | P32s_TT | G.704 | For further study | + +## 7.6 PDH Physical Section Layer to PDH Path Layer Adaptation (Eq/Pqs\_A) + +Based on the hierarchical bit rates of 1544 kbit/s, 2048 kbit/s, 6312 kbit/s, 34 368 kbit/s, 44 736 kbit/s and 139 264 kbit/s, the references to Recommendations and information for the PDH physical section layer are given in Table 4. + +**Table 4/J.131 – References for the Eq/Pqs\_A functions** + +| Bit rate | Function name | Frame structure Recommendation | Atomic functions | +|-----------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| 2 Mbit/s | E12/P12s_A | G.704 | Annex D/G.783 | +| 34 Mbit/s | E31/P31s_A | G.832 | See [16] | +| 140 Mbit/s | E4/P4s_A | G.832 | See [16] | +| 1.5 Mbit/s | E11/P11s_A | G.704 | Annex D/G.783 | +| 6 Mbit/s | E21/P21s_A | G.704 | For further study | +| 45 Mbit/s | E32/P32s_A | G.704 | For further study | + +## 7.7 PDH Physical Section Layer Trail Termination (Eq\_TT) + +Based on the hierarchical bit rates of 1544 kbit/s, 2048 kbit/s, 6312 kbit/s, 34 368 kbit/s, 44 736 kbit/s and 139 264 kbit/s, the references to Recommendations and information for the PDH physical section trail termination are given in Table 5. + +**Table 5/J.131 – References for the Eq\_TT functions** + +| Bit rate | Function name | Physical characteristics Recommendation | Atomic functions | +|--------------------------------------------------|----------------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| 2 Mbit/s | E12_TT | G.703 | Annex D/G.783 | +| 34 Mbit/s | E31_TT | G.703 | Annex D/G.783 | +| 140 Mbit/s | E4_TT | G.703 | Annex D/G.783 | +| 1.5 Mbit/s | E11_TT | G.703 | Annex D/G.783 | +| 6 Mbit/s | E21_TT | G.703 | Annex D/G.783 | +| 45 Mbit/s | E32_TT | G.703 (Note) | Annex D/G.783 | +| NOTE – Further information is available in [20]. | | | | + +## 7.8 Equipment Management Function (EMF) + +### 7.8.1 Overview of the EMF + +The EMF provides the means through which the Network Element (NE) is managed by an external manager. The EMF interacts with the other basic functions by exchanging information across the MP (Management Points) reference points. The EMF contains a number of filters that provide a data reduction mechanism on the information received across the MP reference points. + +The interface between the processing in the basic functions and the equipment management function is indicated by the dashed line in Figure 8 and represents the MP reference points. For performance monitoring, the signals passed over this interface are the 1 second Near (Far)-end Errored Block Counts (N\_EBC, F\_EBC) and the 1 second Near (Far)-end Defect Seconds (N\_DS, F\_DS). For fault management, the signals passed over this interface are the defects. + +![Figure 8/J.131 – Supervision process within equipment management function. The diagram shows the flow of information from basic functions through MP reference points into the equipment management function. On the left, 'Supervision processes within basic functions' include 'Anomaly and Defect processing' which sends 'anomalies defects' to 'Perf. Mon. Primitives processing' and 'defects' to 'Defect correlation'. These then pass through 'MP reference points' (labeled '1 second info: N_EBC/N_DS F_EBC/F_DS') into the EMF. Inside the EMF, 'Perf. Mon. Event processing' receives this info and sends it to 'Perf. Mon. Data Coll. and History Man.', which outputs '15 min/24 h info' (N_ES_15 min, N_SES_15 min, N_BBE_15 min, N_UAS_15 min, N_ES_24 h etc.), 'TR/RTR', and 'alarms'. 'Defect correlation' sends 'fault causes' through the MP reference points to 'Fault cause persistency', which sends 'failures' to 'Severity, logging and reporting', which outputs 'alarms' and 'TMN'. A 'filters' block is shown at the bottom right of the EMF section.](09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg) + +Figure 8/J.131 – Supervision process within equipment management function. The diagram shows the flow of information from basic functions through MP reference points into the equipment management function. On the left, 'Supervision processes within basic functions' include 'Anomaly and Defect processing' which sends 'anomalies defects' to 'Perf. Mon. Primitives processing' and 'defects' to 'Defect correlation'. These then pass through 'MP reference points' (labeled '1 second info: N\_EBC/N\_DS F\_EBC/F\_DS') into the EMF. Inside the EMF, 'Perf. Mon. Event processing' receives this info and sends it to 'Perf. Mon. Data Coll. and History Man.', which outputs '15 min/24 h info' (N\_ES\_15 min, N\_SES\_15 min, N\_BBE\_15 min, N\_UAS\_15 min, N\_ES\_24 h etc.), 'TR/RTR', and 'alarms'. 'Defect correlation' sends 'fault causes' through the MP reference points to 'Fault cause persistency', which sends 'failures' to 'Severity, logging and reporting', which outputs 'alarms' and 'TMN'. A 'filters' block is shown at the bottom right of the EMF section. + +Figure 8/J.131 – Supervision process within equipment management function + +The filtering functions provide a data reduction mechanism on the defect and performance monitoring primitives information presented at the MP reference points. Two types of techniques can be distinguished: + +- The fault cause persistency filter will provide a persistency check on the fault causes that are reported across the MP reference points. In addition to the transmission failures listed in Table 6, hardware failures with signal transfer interruption are also reported at the input of the fault cause filter for further processing. +- The performance monitoring event processing processes the information available from the one-second window and reported across the MP reference points in order to derive errored seconds and severely errored seconds, and background block errors (see Recommendation G.826 [5]). + +#### Time-stamping + +Events, performance reports and registers containing event counts that require time-stamping shall be time stamped with a resolution of one second. The time shall be as indicated by the local real time clock of the NE. The required accuracy and precise details of the time-stamping of events/reports relative to UTC is the subject of further study (a maximum value in the range 1 to 10 seconds is being considered). The start of 15-minute and 24-hour counts should be accurate to within $\pm 10$ seconds with respect to the NE clock. + +**Table 6/J.131 – Basic function associated failure list** + +| Basic functions | Failure | +|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------| +| Pqs_TT, Eq_TT, Eq/Pqs_A | See G.783 [3] or ETS 300 417-2-1 [16] or ETS 300 417-5-1 [17] | +| VPME | LCD | +| VPE | | +| MAA | STATUS
SNI
LMC | +| MPI | LOS
TSLE_I
TSLE_O | + +### 7.8.2 Configuration + +The information flow over the MP reference points that arises from configuration and provisioning data is given in Table 7. The information listed under "Set" refers to configuration and provisioning data that is passed from the EMF to the other basic functions. The information listed under "Get" refers to status reports made in response to a request from the EMF for such information. + +**Table 7/J.131 – Command, configuration information flow over MP** + +| | Get | Set | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Pqs_TT, Eq_TT, Eq/Pqs_A | See G.783 [3] or ETS 300 417-2-1 [16] or ETS 300 417-5-1 [17] | See G.783 [3] or ETS 300 417-2-1 [16] or ETS 300 417-5-1 [17] | +| VPME | Cell Discarded: Active or Not_Active
HEC correction mode: Active or Not_Active
VPI value | Supervision State: MON or NMON (Note 1)
Cell Discarded: Active or Not_Active
HEC correction mode: Active or Not_Active | +| VPE | | Supervision State: MON or NMON (Note 2)
VPI value | +| MAA | | Supervision State: MON or NMON (Note 2) | +| MPI | Supervision State: MON or NMON
Number of packets per second
Option for system A (European system):
FORMAT: 188 or 204 bytes packet with
16 dummy bytes (Note 3) | Supervision State: MON or NMON (Note 2)

Option for system A (European system):
FORMAT: 188 or 204 bytes packet with
16 dummy bytes (Note 3) | + +NOTE 1 – Eq\_TT and associated Pqs\_TT and VPME are always in the same supervision state. +NOTE 2 – For a given MPEG interface, MPI and associated MAA and VPE are in the same state. +NOTE 3 – This status is only relevant for the selection of the transmission format (188 bytes or 204 with 16 dummy bytes) to be used at an output SSI or SPI interface for the delivery of MPEG-2-TS packets. + +### 7.8.3 Fault (maintenance) management + +#### 7.8.3.1 Fault cause persistency filter + +The equipment management function within the network element performs a persistency check on the fault causes before it declares a fault cause a failure. A transmission failure shall be declared if the fault cause persists continuously for $2.5 \pm 0.5$ seconds. The failure shall be cleared if the fault cause is absent continuously for $10 \pm 0.5$ seconds. Transmission failures associated with the basic functions are listed in Table 6. + +##### 7.8.3.1.1 Alarm history management + +Alarm history management is concerned with the recording of alarms. Historical data shall be stored in registers in the NE. Each register contains all the parameters of an alarm message. Registers shall be readable on demand or periodically. The operator can define the operating mode of the registers as wrapping or stop when full. The operator may also flush the registers or stop recording at any time. + +NOTE – Wrapping is the deletion of the earliest record to allow a new record when a register is full. Flushing is the deletion of all the records. + +### 7.8.4 Performance management + +Performance management consists of performance monitoring event processes, data collection and history processes along with thresholding and reporting functions. Performance monitoring consists of the first three items. + +Within performance monitoring, the concepts of "near-end" and "far-end" are used to refer to performance monitoring information associated with the two directions of transport in the case of a bidirectional transmission path. For a trail from A to Z: + +- at node A the near-end information represents the performance of the unidirectional trail from Z to A, while the far-end information represents the performance of the unidirectional trail from A to Z; +- at node Z the near-end information represents the performance of the unidirectional trail from A to Z, while the far-end information represents the performance of the unidirectional trail from Z to A. + +At either end of the trail (A or Z), the combination of near-end and far-end information presents the performance of the two directions of the trail. + +#### 7.8.4.1 Performance monitoring event process + +The performance monitoring event processing processes the information available from the performance monitoring primitives processing (basic functions) giving the performance primitives (EBC and DS) to derive the performance events (errored seconds, severely errored seconds and background block errors). + +*Near-end Performance Monitoring Event (NPME) function* + +Figure 9 presents the processes and their interconnect within the Near-end Performance Monitoring Event (NPME) function. This function processes information from PPT and MPI functional blocks. + +![Diagram of the Near-end Performance Monitoring Event (NPME) function. It shows three input signals (NDS, NEBC, and an unlabeled signal) entering a central block labeled NPME. Inside NPME, these inputs are processed by three sub-blocks: NBBE, NSES, and NES. The NBBE block outputs NBBE(t). The NSES block outputs NSES(t) and has an arrow pointing to the NBBE block. The NES block outputs NES(t). The outputs NBBE(t), NSES(t), and NES(t) exit the NPME block to the right. A small text 'T0905680-97/d05' is at the bottom right of the diagram.](14515d82ffeec9475b9add3036ff26ab_img.jpg) + +T0905680-97/d05 + +Diagram of the Near-end Performance Monitoring Event (NPME) function. It shows three input signals (NDS, NEBC, and an unlabeled signal) entering a central block labeled NPME. Inside NPME, these inputs are processed by three sub-blocks: NBBE, NSES, and NES. The NBBE block outputs NBBE(t). The NSES block outputs NSES(t) and has an arrow pointing to the NBBE block. The NES block outputs NES(t). The outputs NBBE(t), NSES(t), and NES(t) exit the NPME block to the right. A small text 'T0905680-97/d05' is at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Figure 9/J.131 – Near-end Performance Monitoring Event (NPME) function + +A Near-end Errored Second (NES) shall be generated if the defect second (NDS) is set or if the Near-end Errored Block Count (NEBC) is greater or equal to 1: $NES(t) \leftarrow (NDS = true) \text{ or } (NEBC \geq 1)$ . + +A Near-end Severely Errored Second (NSES) shall be generated if the Near-end Defect Second (NDS) is set or if the Near-end Errored Block Count (NEBC) is greater or equal to 30% of the blocks in a one-second period: $NSES(t) \leftarrow (NDS = true) \text{ or } (NEBC \geq "30\% \text{ of blocks in a one-second period"}).$ + +The number of Near-end Background Block Errors (NBBE) in a one-second period shall be equal to the Near-end Errored Block Count (NEBC) if the second is not a Near-end Severely Errored Second (NSES). Otherwise (NSES is set), NBBE shall be zero. $NBBE(t) \leftarrow NEBC (NSES = false) \text{ or } 0 (NSES = true).$ + +##### *Far-end Performance Monitoring Event (FPME) function* + +Figure 10 presents the processes and their interconnect within the Far-end Performance Monitoring Event (FPME) function. This function processes information from PPT functional blocks in case of bidirectional transmission. + +![Block diagram of the Far-end Performance Monitoring Event (FPME) function. Inputs NDS, FDS, and FEBC are shown on the left. NDS connects to FBBE, FSES, and FES. FDS connects to FBBE, FSES, and FES. FEBC connects to FBBE, FSES, and FES. FBBE, FSES, and FES are inside a box labeled FPME. FBBE outputs FBBE(t), FSES outputs FSES(t), and FES outputs FES(t).](e354b57563dae469c00b412b2abdf765_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the Far-end Performance Monitoring Event (FPME) function. On the left, three input signals are shown: NDS (Near-end Defect Second), FDS (Far-end Defect Second), and FEBC (Far-end Errored Block Count). These inputs are connected to three processing blocks: FBBE (Far-end Background Block Errors), FSES (Far-end Severely Errored Second), and FES (Far-end Errored Second). The FBBE block receives inputs from NDS, FDS, and FEBC. The FSES block receives inputs from NDS, FDS, and FEBC. The FES block receives inputs from NDS, FDS, and FEBC. The FBBE, FSES, and FES blocks are grouped within a larger box labeled FPME. The FBBE block outputs FBBE(t), the FSES block outputs FSES(t), and the FES block outputs FES(t). A small text label 'T0905690-97/d06' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Block diagram of the Far-end Performance Monitoring Event (FPME) function. Inputs NDS, FDS, and FEBC are shown on the left. NDS connects to FBBE, FSES, and FES. FDS connects to FBBE, FSES, and FES. FEBC connects to FBBE, FSES, and FES. FBBE, FSES, and FES are inside a box labeled FPME. FBBE outputs FBBE(t), FSES outputs FSES(t), and FES outputs FES(t). + +**Figure 10/J.131 – Far-end Performance Monitoring Event (FPME) function** + +A Far-end Errored Second (FES) shall be generated if the Far-end Defect Second (FDS) is set or if the Far-end Errored Block Count (FEBC) is greater or equal to 1, and if that second is not a Near-end Defect Second (NDS): $FES(t) \leftarrow (NDS = false) \text{ and } [(FDS = true) \text{ or } (FEBC \geq 1)].$ + +A Far-end Severely Errored Second (FSES) shall be generated if the Far-end Defect Second (FDS) is set or if the Far-end Errored Block Count (FEBC) is greater or equal to 30% of the blocks in a one-second period, and that second is not a Near-end Defect Second (NDS): $FSES(t) \leftarrow (NDS = false) \text{ and } [(FDS = true) \text{ or } (FEBC \geq "30\% \text{ of blocks in a one second period"})].$ + +The number of Far-end Background Block Errors (FBBE) in a one-second period shall be equal to the Far-end Errored Block Count (FEBC) if the second is not a Far-end Severely Errored Second (FSES), and if that second is not a Near-end Defect Second (NDS). Otherwise, FBBE shall be zero: + +$$FBBE(t) \leftarrow FEBC (FSES = false \text{ and } NDS = false) \text{ or } 0 (FSES = true \text{ or } NDS = true).$$ + +#### 7.8.4.2 Performance data collection + +Performance data collection refers to the event counting associated with each of the performance events BBE, ES, SES as defined in Recommendation G.826 [5], and any additional performance parameter defined in this ETS. The collection as specified in Recommendation M.2120 [14] is based on information for each direction of transport independently. This type is further referred to as performance data collection for maintenance purposes. This type of collection counts the + +events over fixed time periods of 15 minutes and 24 hours. Counting is stopped during unavailable time. These counters operate as follows: + +##### **15-minute counter** + +The performance events (e.g. SES) are counted in a counter per event. These counters are called the current registers. At the end of the 15-minute period, the contents of the current registers are transferred to the first of the recent registers, with a time-stamp to identify the 15-minute period (including the day), after which the current register shall be reset to zero (see Note). It is an option not to transfer the content of a current register to a recent register if this content is zero. + +NOTE – A capability should be provided to insure that, in the absence of reports, the reporting process is functioning properly. + +It shall be possible to reset an individual current register to zero by means of an external command. + +Any register whose content is suspect shall be flagged, using the "suspect interval flag" provided in Recommendation Q.822 [15]. This flag shall be raised independently for far-end and near-end counts. Examples of conditions for raising this flag are provided in Recommendation Q.822 [15]. + +##### **24-hour counter** + +The performance events (e.g. SES) are counted in a counter per event, independent of the 15-minute counters. These counters are called the current registers. It was agreed that it is up to the NE implementation to update the register counts. It is not required that it shall be done on a second by second basis. At the end of the 24-hour period, the contents of the current registers are transferred to recent registers, with a time-stamp to identify the 24-hour period, after which the current register shall be reset to zero. It shall be possible to reset an individual current register to zero by means of an external command. + +Any register whose content is suspect shall be flagged, using the "suspect interval flag" provided in Recommendation Q.822 [15]. This flag shall be raised independently for far-end and near-end counts. Examples of conditions for raising this flag are provided in Recommendation Q.822 [15]. + +##### **7.8.4.2.1 Performance data collection during unavailable time** + +The onset and exit of unavailable time is defined in Annex A/G.826 [5] and in Recommendation M.2120 [14]. A period of unavailable time begins at the onset of ten consecutive SES. These ten seconds are part of unavailable time. A period of available time begins at the onset of ten consecutive non-SES. These ten seconds are part of available time. Performance monitoring event counting for ES, SES, and BBE shall be inhibited during unavailable time. + +#### **7.8.4.3 Availability data collection** + +When a period of unavailability occurs, the beginning and ending of this period should be stored in a log in the NE, and as a consequence time-stamped. The NE should be able to store these data for at least 6 periods of unavailability. + +#### **7.8.4.4 Performance monitoring history** + +Performance history data are necessary to assess the recent performance of transmission systems. Such information can be used to sectionalise faults and to locate the source of intermittent errors. Historical data, in the form of performance monitoring event counts, may be stored in registers in the NE or in mediation devices associated with the NE. For specific applications, for example when only Quality of Service alarms are used, historical data may not be stored. All the history registers shall be time-stamped. The history registers operate as follows (see also Figure 11): + +###### **15-minute registers** + +The history of the 15-minute monitoring is contained in a stack of 16 registers per monitored event. These registers are called the recent registers. Every 15 minutes, the contents of the current registers are moved to the first of the recent registers. When all 15-minute registers are used, the oldest information will be discarded. + +###### 24-hour registers + +The history of the 24-hour monitoring is contained in a single register per monitored event. This register is called the recent register. Every 24 hours, the contents of the current registers are moved to the recent register. + +NOTE – This implies that all 24-hour data are discarded after 24 hours. + +![Diagram of performance monitoring data collection and history for maintenance purposes. It shows a box labeled MAINTREG containing three boxes labeled '15 min/24 h'. Above the MAINTREG box are three labels: BBE (Note), ES (Note), and SES (Note). Arrows point from each of these labels to one of the '15 min/24 h' boxes. Below the MAINTREG box is a box labeled UAT, with an arrow pointing from the UAT box to the label 'UAT cmd'.](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +Diagram of performance monitoring data collection and history for maintenance purposes. It shows a box labeled MAINTREG containing three boxes labeled '15 min/24 h'. Above the MAINTREG box are three labels: BBE (Note), ES (Note), and SES (Note). Arrows point from each of these labels to one of the '15 min/24 h' boxes. Below the MAINTREG box is a box labeled UAT, with an arrow pointing from the UAT box to the label 'UAT cmd'. + +NOTE – The determination of (un)available time introduces (functionally) a delay of 10 seconds. This delay should be considered when counting BBE, ES, SES. + +**Figure 11/J.131 – Performance monitoring data collection and history for maintenance purposes** + +##### 7.8.4.5 Performance data reporting + +Performance data stored in the NE may be collected by the operator for analysis without affecting the content of the register. + +# Appendix I + +## Mechanisms of the adaptive clock method + +The adaptive clock method is a general method for source clock frequency recovery. No explicit timing information of the source clock is transported by the network; the method is based on the fact that the amount of transmitted data is an indication of the source frequency, and this information can be used at the receiver to recover the source clock frequency. + +The adaptive clock method is implemented at the receiving AAL. The implementation of the method is not standardized. One possible method to measure the amount of data is to use the fill level of the AAL user data buffer. The following is the general description of this method and does not preclude other adaptive clock methods. + +The receiver writes the received data into a buffer, and then reads it out using a locally-generated clock. Therefore the fill level of the buffer depends on the source frequency and it is used to control the frequency of the local clock. Operations are the following: the fill level of the buffer is continuously measured and the measure is used to drive the phase-locked loop generating the local clock. The method maintains the fill level of the buffer around its medium position. To avoid buffer underflow or overflow, the fill level is maintained between two limits. When the level in the buffer goes to the lower limit, this means the frequency of the local clock is too high compared to the one of the source + +and so it has to be decreased; when the level in the buffer goes to upper limit, the frequency of the local clock is too low compared to the one of the source, and so it has to be increased. + +It is pointed out that the compensation of cell delay variation is also performed by the adaptive clock method. However, a cell delay variation is not to be expected if no ATM network is to be crossed. + +## Appendix II + +### Enabling/disabling the Header Error Control functions + +The Header Error Control (HEC) functions of the ATM cells, as described in Recommendation I.432 [10], can correct single errors and detect almost all multiple errors in the header. In an ATM network, when the HEC detects errors that it cannot correct, the whole cell is discarded and its payload is lost for an end-to-end connection. + +When a FEC is applied on a link, it can generate error bursts if it fails to correct errors. In presence of error bursts, the single-bit correcting code of the HEC is unable to correct most errors encountered. In an error bursts environment, the probability of discarding cells is proportional to the BER and not to the square of the BER as in a random error environment. Although bursts of errors due to error correction failures have different lengths and rate of occurrence according to the different FEC schemes, this behaviour would apply to all transmission systems using FEC. + +Therefore, for a given bit error probability, the discarded cell probability in presence of error bursts is definitely different from the discarded cell probability in presence of randomly distributed errors. + +It is then recommended to disable the Header Error Control functions when using the ATM cell format for transporting an MPEG-2-TS over a PDH-network based on transmission systems using FEC (e.g. radio relays, satellites). This measure avoids unwanted and unnecessary degradation of the end-to-end quality. + +## Appendix III + +## Transmission capacity of the Network Adapter + +Transmission capacity of the Network Adapter for MPEG-2-TSs and RS-coded MPEG-2-TSs at specified digital hierarchy bit rates of Recommendation G.702 [1]. + +| PDH link transmission capacity | Transmission capacity for MPEG-2-TSs and RS-coded MPEG-2-TSs (Note) | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1544 kbit/s | 1320 kbit/s | +| 2048 kbit/s | 1649 kbit/s | +| 6312 kbit/s | 5279 kbit/s | +| 34 368 kbit/s | 29 140 kbit/s | +| 44 736 kbit/s | 37 980 kbit/s | +| 139 264 kbit/s | 118 759 kbit/s | +| NOTE – Depending on the application, these figures may be slightly reduced. | | + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure | +| Series Z | Programming languages | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1318-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1318-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d73fbe11fa09c91c56ef3f723a26e8afa5f0f62e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1318-202410-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,432 @@ + + +# Recommendation**ITU-T J.1318 (10/2024)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Cloud-based Services for IP Delivery over integrated broadband cable network + +# --- **Requirements of end-to-end network platforms for cloud-based object wave transmission** + +![ITU logo](0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the bottom right corner. It features a blue globe with white lines representing latitude and longitude, and the letters 'ITU' in a bold, blue, sans-serif font overlaid on the globe. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +# Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX - PART 2 | J.1290-J.1299 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| CLOUD-BASED SERVICES FOR IP DELIVERY OVER INTEGRATED BROADBAND CABLE NETWORK | J.1310-J.1319 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1318 + +## Requirements of end-to-end network platforms for cloud-based object wave transmission + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1318 specifies the requirements of an end-to-end (E2E) network platform for cloud-based object wave transmission over integrated broadband cable networks. This Recommendation provides an overview of cloud-based object wave transmission along with detailed requirements regarding service functionality, cloud server capability, network capability, and user equipment capability, which are associated with object wave resolutions. Object waves are a type of data used in holography – a highly realistic 3D display technology. + +A notable example of the application of cloud-based object wave transmission over integrated broadband cable networks is remote communication, allowing users to feel as if individuals in distant locations are physically present with them. Additional use cases include remote education and health care, where an immersive experience and intuitive operations are enabled by the transmission of accurate depth information through these networks. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1318 | 2024-10-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/16195 | + +## Keywords + +Hologram, holography, integrated broadband cable networks, object wave. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, and information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2025 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Overview ..... | 2 | +| 7 Requirements ..... | 3 | +| 7.1 Service and functional requirements ..... | 3 | +| 7.2 Performance requirements ..... | 3 | +| Annex A – Reference network structure..... | 6 | +| Appendix I – Example of capability requirements ..... | 7 | +| I.1 Example of head-end system capability ..... | 7 | +| I.2 Example of network bandwidth requirements of cloud-based object wave transmission..... | 7 | +| I.3 Example of user equipment capability ..... | 7 | +| Bibliography..... | 9 | + + + +###### Recommendation ITU-T J.1318 + +## Requirements of end-to-end network platforms for cloud-based object wave transmission + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the requirements of end-to-end (E2E) network platforms for cloud-based object wave transmission over integrated broadband cable networks. Object waves, which are a type of data used in holography – a highly realistic 3D display technology – need to be generated and compressed at the cloud server and transmitted to the user equipment. This Recommendation outlines performance requirements, including cloud server capabilities at the head-end, and transmission characteristics, to ensure a high-quality holographic experience over integrated broadband cable networks. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.1631] Recommendation ITU-T J.1631 (2021), *Functional requirements of E2E network platforms to enhance the delivery of cloud-VR services over integrated broadband cable networks*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 4K video** [b-ITU-T J.482]: A video that supports $3\,840 \times 2\,160$ resolution and ~60p frame frequency. + +**3.1.2 HD video** [b-ITU-T J.482]: A video that supports $1\,280 \times 720 / 1\,920 \times 1\,080$ resolutions and ~60p frame frequency. + +**3.1.3 hologram** [b-ISO 17901-1]: Interference pattern formed between the wave emitted from the object and its coherent reference wave, which is recorded in the recording material. + +**3.1.4 object wave** [b-ISO 17901-1]: Wave emitted from an object and entering the recording material in the course of recording the hologram. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +E2E End-to-End + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------| +| FFT | Fast Fourier Transform | +| FLOPS | Floating-point Operations Per Second | +| HD | High Definition | +| HMD | Head-Mounted Display | +| SLM | Spatial Light Modulator | +| VR | Virtual Reality | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +# 6 Overview + +In the IMT-2020 era, intuitive and safe stereoscopic video experiences, through holographic communication that realizes remote communication equivalent to real space, are expected. Figure 1 presents three use cases, i.e., work style, education, and health care. + +![Figure 1: Three use cases realized by holographic communication. The figure is divided into three panels: 'Work style', 'Education', and 'Healthcare'. Each panel shows a person interacting with a 3D holographic projection. The 'Work style' panel shows two people in an office setting, one holding a tablet displaying a 3D model. The 'Education' panel shows a person in a classroom setting, interacting with a 3D model of a molecule. The 'Healthcare' panel shows a person in a medical setting, interacting with a 3D model of a human organ. Below each panel is a caption describing the use case.](89986656b45c3b6896256f1a22f7c186_img.jpg) + +**Work style** + +Remote collaboration on design/discussion + +Remote communication using 3D images that make you feel like you are next to someone + +**Education** + +Immersive e-learning + +Immersive e-learning opportunities through 3D images that are safe for children + +**Healthcare** + +Telemedicine + +Remote surgery with intuitive and accurate 3D images + +J.1318(24) + +Figure 1: Three use cases realized by holographic communication. The figure is divided into three panels: 'Work style', 'Education', and 'Healthcare'. Each panel shows a person interacting with a 3D holographic projection. The 'Work style' panel shows two people in an office setting, one holding a tablet displaying a 3D model. The 'Education' panel shows a person in a classroom setting, interacting with a 3D model of a molecule. The 'Healthcare' panel shows a person in a medical setting, interacting with a 3D model of a human organ. Below each panel is a caption describing the use case. + +**Figure 1 – Three use cases realized by holographic communication** + +The key technology to realizing the aforementioned experience is holographic communication. Holography refers to 3D display technology that generates holograms, allowing users to see reconstructed 3D images (video) "as if the object were there". + +Figure 2 illustrates three representation types. On the left (1) is a 3D model called a point cloud or dynamic mesh, which consists of geometry and attribute information. In computer graphics, this representation is straightforward in rendering the 2D image, while 3D information is lost. + +In the middle (2) is an object wave that consists of a complex representation or magnitude with a phase in a 2D data format. An advantage of this intermediate format is adjustment functionality for + +various optics systems. This data is handled as a legacy image or video and the conventional image/video compression technology is applied. + +On the right (3) is an interference fringe called a hologram. A spatial light modulator (SLM) displays a computer-generated hologram, which realizes time-varying holography. + +![Figure 2 – Three representation types for stereoscopic video technology](562f471e8153729557e6a4ee6343c32c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the process of creating a hologram for stereoscopic video. It consists of three main stages inside a green-bordered box, followed by a reproduction stage. + 1. **3D data**: Shows a green car model. + 2. **Object wave (Intermediate format)**: Shows the green car with concentric arcs representing wave propagation, labeled with a blue box containing the text "Light field information". + 3. **Hologram (Interference pattern)**: Shows a grayscale static-like interference pattern. + A large green arrow points from the hologram stage to a final section titled "Holography reproduction", which depicts a person wearing a head-mounted display (HMD) and another person looking at a 3D car model displayed on a screen. The bottom right corner of the diagram area contains the reference "J.1318(24)". + +Figure 2 – Three representation types for stereoscopic video technology + +**Figure 2 – Three representation types for stereoscopic video technology** + +Here, a holography-type head-mounted display (HMD) is expected to be practical in 3D visual reproduction. For various holography-type HMD configurations, the object wave representation is suitable as an intermediate data format. + +# 7 Requirements + +The following clauses specify the requirements for each function necessary to implement cloud-based object wave transmission over integrated broadband cable networks. + +## 7.1 Service and functional requirements + +To deliver cloud-based object-wave transmission services, the integrated broadband cable network is required to meet the requirements for a network, quality of service, service provision, and network management. These requirements are the same as those for Cloud VR [ITU-T J.1631], with the key difference being that the user equipment shifts from Cloud VR equipment to cloud-based object wave equipment. + +## 7.2 Performance requirements + +### 7.2.1 Cloud server capability in head-end + +To provide a sufficient holographic experience, object waves are recommended to be generated in practical time-frames, such as approximately 30 milliseconds or less for generationg one frame of data to enable real-time streaming. The generation process of object waves consumes substantial computational resources, especially calculation and memory. Thus, this process is required to be executed by the cloud server in the head-end. The requirements for the cloud server in the head-end are described as follows: + +#### Calculation capability + +The calculation capability in head-end is recommended to be determined by the computational complexity of the object wave calculation. When calculating an object wave from a 3D model composed of $P$ polygons, it is necessary to compute the propagation of the waves emitted by each polygon to the hologram plane, requiring $P$ iterations of propagation calculations to generate an object wave. Generally, the number of polygons and the resolution of the object wave are independent of each other. In Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction, which is a standard propagation calculation, the resolution of the object wave is rounded up to $2^N \times 2^M$ , which conducts twice the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of $4 \cdot 2^{N+M}$ data points (the product of the FFT dimensions). According to the FFT performance calculation in [b-FFTW], the mega-floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) of each FFT is defined by $5n \log_2(n) / (\text{time for one FFT in microseconds})$ , where $n$ is the number of + +data points. Therefore, the FLOPS for one propagation calculation can be approximated by $2 \cdot 5 \cdot 4 \cdot 2^{N+M} \log_2(4 \cdot 2^{N+M}) \times (\text{frame rate}) = 40 \cdot 2^{N+M} (2 + N + M) \times (\text{frame rate})$ . When calculating the object wave from a 3D model composed of $P$ polygons, the FLOPS for the object wave of the three colours can be approximated by $3P \cdot 40 \cdot 2^{N+M} (2 + N + M) \times (\text{frame rate}) = 120P \cdot 2^{N+M} (2 + N + M) \times (\text{frame rate})$ . + +The suggested calculation capability requirements in head-end can be found in Appendix I. For more details and examples of calculation capability requirements in head-end, refer to Table I.1. + +#### Memory capability + +The memory capability is recommended to be at least twice the size of the object wave to calculate the propagation of an object wave. If the resolution of the object wave is denoted as $H \times W$ pixels and the precision of the real and imaginary parts in the calculation is set to $B$ bytes each, the amount of memory utilized for the calculation of the object wave of the three colours without dividing the calculation can be approximated by $2 \cdot 3 \cdot 2BHW = 12BHW$ [bytes]. + +The suggested memory capability requirements in head-end can be found in Appendix I. More details and examples of memory capability requirements in head-end are provided in Table I.2. + +### 7.2.2 Integrated broadband cable network capability + +Network requirements in this clause are informative. + +##### Network bandwidth + +The bandwidth for cloud-based object wave transmission is required to be wider than that for 4K video, to achieve hologram playback with the same experiential quality as 4K video on an HMD. Object wave equipment is assumed to play back higher resolution video (hologram) data than traditional TVs. In Cloud VR [ITU-T J.1631], cloud virtual reality (VR) services are classified into weak interaction and strong interaction, based on interaction characteristics. The holographic experience covered by the scope of this Recommendation corresponds to the weak interaction. + +The suggested per-user bandwidth requirements of cloud-based object wave transmission can be found in Appendix I. More details and examples of network bandwidth requirements of cloud-based object wave transmission are given in Table I.3. + +##### Network latency + +In cloud-based object wave transmission, network latency requirements are application dependent. If the application only receives object wave data as a one-direction data stream and plays back holographic videos, the network latency requirements are the same as for general video streaming services. If the application switches holographic videos according to weak interaction, as in Cloud VR [ITU-T J.1631], the network latency requirements are the same as those for Cloud VR. + +##### Network jitter + +In general, network jitter is related to line quality and user-equipment buffer size. The requirement for object wave transmission is equivalent to the case specified in Cloud VR [ITU-T J.1631], where the resolution of the user equipment is 4K or higher. + +### 7.2.3 User equipment capability + +The performance of the display on the user equipment significantly impacts the quality of the holographic experience. Additionally, computational capability is crucial because the user equipment is required to convert the object wave into a hologram. If the decoded object wave is placed behind the hologram to enhance encoding efficiency, the user equipment is recommended to calculate propagation to obtain the object wave on the hologram. The requirements of those are described as follows: + +#### **Display capability** + +Resolution and frame rate are requirements for general HMD. Additionally, pixel pitch is vital for SLMs, which are the display part of holography playback devices. The pixel pitch determines the maximum angle at which the user can view the reconstructed holography video. + +##### **Calculation capability** + +User equipment is recommended to have computational processing power to decode the object wave, calculate the propagation of the object wave, and convert the object wave into a hologram in real-time. Similar to the calculation capability of the head-end system, the FLOPS for the calculation of the object wave in the user equipment can be approximated by $3 \cdot 2 \cdot 5 \cdot 4 \cdot 2^{N+M} \log_2(4 \cdot 2^{N+M}) \times (\text{frame rate}) = 120 \cdot 2^{N+M} (2 + N + M) \times (\text{frame rate})$ . + +The suggested calculation capability requirements for user equipment can be found in Appendix I. Please refer to Appendix I, Table I.4, for more details and examples of calculation capability requirements of the user. + +##### **Memory capability** + +The requirements for memory in user equipment are equivalent to those required for memory in head-end systems. + +## Annex A + +## Reference network structure + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Converting directly from a 3D model to a hologram consumes much computation, making real-time processing on the user equipment difficult. This Recommendation assumes two steps of conversion to facilitate the conversion. In detail, the transformation from a 3D model to an object wave, which takes a massive amount of calculation and memory capability, is processed by the cloud server in head-end. An integrated broadband cable network transmits the compressed object wave to the user equipment. Real-time conversion from the object wave to a hologram is processed by the user equipment and projected onto an HMD. Figure A.1 shows cloud-based object wave transmission over integrated broadband cable networks. + +![Diagram of cloud-based object wave transmission showing the flow from a 3D model through computation, network transmission, and rendering to user equipment for holography, sound, and haptics.](1439cb942d9e363bbb3161b5540dd8c6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the flow of data for cloud-based object wave transmission. It starts with a **3D model** (represented by a person icon) being processed through **Computation for holography** (represented by server icons). The data is then transmitted via an **Integrated broadband cable network** (represented by a green arrow). This is followed by **User equipment** (represented by a server icon) and a **Renderer** (represented by a monitor icon). The final output is a **Hologram** (represented by a person icon with sound waves), **Sound** (represented by headphones), and **Haptics** (represented by a hand icon). These outputs are then projected onto **Head-mounted displays** (represented by various HMD models). A small text label **J.1318(24)** is present in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +Diagram of cloud-based object wave transmission showing the flow from a 3D model through computation, network transmission, and rendering to user equipment for holography, sound, and haptics. + +Figure A.1 – Overview of cloud-based object wave transmission, including sound and haptics + +## Appendix I + +## Example of capability requirements + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +This appendix contains informative material concerning the capability requirements. + +### I.1 Example of head-end system capability + +Table I.1 describes the suggested calculation capability requirements of a head-end system. + +**Table I.1 – Example of calculation capability requirements of a head-end system** + +| Object wave resolution | 4K video | HD video | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------| +| Data points $2^N \times 2^M$ | $2^{12} \times 2^{12}$ | $2^{11} \times 2^{11}$ | +| Peta-FLOPS | > 16 | > 3.7 | +| NOTE 1 – The calculation capability requirements of a head-end system are based on theoretical calculation. | | | +| NOTE 2 – In all object wave resolutions, the polygon count is set at $P = 10\,000$ and the frame rate at 30. | | | + +Table I.2 describes the suggested memory capability requirements of a head-end system. + +**Table I.2 – Example of memory capability requirements of a head-end system** + +| Object wave resolution | 4K video | HD video | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|----------| +| Megabyte | > 400 | > 100 | +| NOTE 1 – The memory capability requirements of a head-end system are based on theoretical calculation. | | | +| NOTE 2 – In all object wave resolutions, the precision of the real and imaginary parts in the calculation is set to 4 bytes each. | | | +| NOTE 3 – HD video resolution in Table I.2 is $1\,920 \times 1\,080$ . | | | + +### I.2 Example of network bandwidth requirements of cloud-based object wave transmission + +Table I.3 describes the suggested per-user bandwidth requirements. + +**Table I.3 – Example of network bandwidth requirements of cloud-based object wave transmission** + +| Object wave resolution | 4K video | HD video | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|-------------------| +| Bit rate | $\geq 2\,000$ Mbit/s | $\geq 260$ Mbit/s | +| Bandwidth requirement | $\geq 3\,000$ Mbit/s | $\geq 390$ Mbit/s | +| NOTE 1 – The network bandwidth requirements of a cloud-based object wave are based on theoretical calculation. | | | +| NOTE 2 – The values of bandwidth requirements are based on the requirements for weak interaction in Cloud VR [ITU-T J.1631]. | | | + +### I.3 Example of user equipment capability + +Table I.4 describes the suggested calculation capability requirements of user equipment. + +**Table I.4 – Example of calculation capability requirements of user equipment** + +| Object wave resolution | 4K video | HD video | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------| +| Data points $2^N \times 2^M$ | $2^{12} \times 2^{12}$ | $2^{11} \times 2^{11}$ | +| Giga-FLOPS | > 1600 | > 370 | +| NOTE – The calculation capability requirements of user equipment are based on theoretical calculation. | | | + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.482] Recommendation ITU-T J.482 (2021), *Requirements of a radio frequency (RF)/Internet protocol (IP) video switching system.* +- [b-ISO 17901-1] ISO 17901-1 (2015-07), *Optics and photonics – Holography – Part 1: Methods of measuring diffraction efficiency and associated optical characteristics of holograms.* +- [b-FFTW] Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume: 93, Issue: 2 (2005-02), *The Design and Implementation of FFTW3.* + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system 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TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.140** + +(03/98) + +SERIES J: TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND +PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Measurement of the quality of service + +--- + +**Subjective picture quality assessment for digital +cable television systems** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.140 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# **ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS** **TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +## **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION J.140** + +## **SUBJECTIVE PICTURE QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR DIGITAL CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies a subjective picture quality assessment method for digital cable television applications. + +### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.140 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 18th of March 1998. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 1998 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Terms and definitions..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 General..... | 2 | +| 6 Test material..... | 2 | +| Annex A – Assessment method..... | 3 | +| A.1 Single Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation (SSCQE) method..... | 3 | +| A.2 Viewing parameters..... | 6 | + + + +## SUBJECTIVE PICTURE QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR DIGITAL CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS + +(Geneva, 1998) + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes a subjective method for assessment of picture quality for digital cable television systems. It concerns all of the television chain from the signal source to user's receiver. This chain may contain satellite links, terrestrial links and/or cable links. The assessment is made using consumer grade receivers assuming a home viewing environment. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations, and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- [1] ITU-R Recommendation BT.1129-1 (1995), *Subjective assessment of standard definition digital television (SDTV) systems.* +- [2] ITU-R Recommendation BT.500-7 (1995), *Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures.* +- [3] ITU-R Recommendation BT.1210-1 (1997), *Test materials to be used in subjective assessment.* +- [4] ITU-T Recommendation J.84 (1995), *Distribution of digital multi-programme signals for television, sound and data services through SMATV networks.* +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation J.83 (1995), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution.* +- [6] ITU-T Recommendation P.910 (1996), *Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications.* +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation P.920 (1996), *Interactive test methods for audiovisual communications.* +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation P.80 (1993), *Methods for subjective determination of transmission quality.* +- [9] ITU-R Recommendation BT.814-1 (1993), *Specifications and alignment procedures for setting of brightness and contrast of displays.* +- [10] ITU-R Recommendation BT.815-1 (1993), *Specification of a signal for measurement of contrast ratio and displays.* + +## 3 Terms and definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +**3.1 PLUGE:** Test signal consists of a peak white level patch and several dark level patches/stripe used for the setting of brightness and contrast of the display. For details, see Recommendation ITU-R BT.814-1. + +## 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------| +| PS | Programme Segment | +| PVD | Preferred Viewing Distance | +| QP | Quality Parameter | +| SDTV | Standard Definition Television | +| SSCQE | Single Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation | +| TP | Test Presentation | +| TS | Test Session | + +## 5 General + +Subjective assessment methods are used to establish the performance of television systems using measurements that more directly anticipate the reactions of those who might view the systems tested. In this regard, it is understood that it may not be possible to fully characterize system performance by objective means; consequently, it is necessary to supplement objective measurements with subjective measurements. + +In subjective method, test pictures, after passing through the measured line, are assessed by a group of assessors in specific viewing conditions and results of these tests are treated statistically. + +In ITU-R Recommendation BT.500-7, two classes of subjective assessment are given, and a few methods are representative of each class. + +Introduction of digital coding produces impairments to picture quality which are scene-dependent and time-varying. Methods of laboratory testing do not replicate home viewing condition of cable television. + +For the evaluation of these types of picture quality, new methods are developed and tested. One of them is given in Annex A. + +Other methods are still under study and need validation. + +## 6 Test material + +A number of approaches may be taken in establishing the kinds of test material required in television assessments. In practice, however, particular kinds of test materials should be used to address particular assessment problems. A survey of typical assessment problems and of test materials used to address these problems is given in Table 1. + +**Table 1/J.140 – Selection of test material** + +| Assessment problem | Material used | +|-----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Overall performance with average material | General, "critical but not unduly so" | +| Capacity, critical applications (e.g. contribution) | Range, including very critical material for the application tested | +| Performance of "adaptive" systems | Material very critical for "adaptive" scheme used | +| Identify weaknesses and possible improvements | Critical, attribute-specific material | +| Identify factors on which systems are seen to vary | Wide range of very rich material | +| Conversion among different standards | Critical for differences (e.g. field rate) | + +Some parameters may give rise to a similar order of impairments for most pictures or sequences. In such cases, results obtained with a very small number of pictures or sequences (e.g. two) may still provide a meaningful evaluation. + +However, digital systems frequently have an impact which depends heavily on the scene or sequence content. In such cases, there will be, for the totality of programme hours, a statistical distribution of impairment probability and picture or sequence content. Without knowing the form of distribution, which is usually the case, the selection of test material and interpretation of results must be done very carefully. + +In general, it is essential to include critical sequences, because it is possible to take this into account when interpreting results, but it is not possible to extrapolate from non-critical material. In cases where scene or sequence content affects results, the material should be chosen to be "critical but not unduly so" for the system under test. The phrase "not unduly so" implies that the pictures could still conceivably form part of normal programme hours. At least four items should, in such cases, be used: for example, half of which are definitely critical, and half of which are moderately critical. + +It is recommended that at least six picture sequences be used in the assessment, plus an additional one to be used for training purposes prior to the start of the trial. The sequences should range between moderately critical and definitely critical in the context of the bit-rate reduction application being considered. + +In subjective assessment, still pictures and moving sequences may be selected from those listed in ITU-R Recommendation BT.1210-1, Annex 1. In this respect, it should be noted that digitally-stored pictures and sequences, being the most reproducible source signals, are the preferred sources for assessment. + +## **Annex A** + +### **Assessment method** + +The methodologies applied are based on the SSCQE method developed by the ITU-R and given in ITU-R Recommendation BT.500-7, and therefore it is desirable to refer to the latest actual method when ITU-R Recommendation BT.500-7 is modified. + +### **A.1 Single Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation (SSCQE) method** + +In this method, observers are asked to assess instantaneous picture quality continuously during a test session with subjects viewing the material once without a source reference. + +#### **A.1.1 Continuous assessment of overall quality** + +##### **A.1.1.1 Recording device and set-up** + +An electronic recording handset connected to a computer should be used for recording the continuous quality assessment from the subjects. This device should have the following characteristics: + +- slider mechanism without any sprung position; +- linear range of travel of 10 cm; +- fixed or desk-mounted position; +- samples recorded twice a second. + +##### **A.1.1.2 General form of the test protocol** + +Subjects should be presented with test sessions of the following format: + +- Programme Segment (PS): a PS corresponds to one programme type (e.g. sport, news, drama) processed according to one of the Quality Parameters (QP) under evaluation (e.g. bit rate); each PS should be at least 5 minutes long. +- Test Session (TS): a TS is a series of one or more different combinations PS/QP without separation and arranged in a pseudo-random order. Each TS contains at least once all the PS and QP but not necessarily all the PS/QP combinations; each TS should be between 30 and 60 minutes duration. +- Test Presentation (TP): a TP represents the full performance of a test. A TP can be divided in Test Sessions to cope with maximum duration requirements and in order to assess the quality over all the PS/QP pairs. If the number of PS/QP pairs is limited, a TP can be made of a repetition of the same Test Session to perform the test on a long enough period of time. + +For service quality evaluation, audio may be introduced. In this case, selection of the accompanying audio material should be considered at that same level of importance as the selection of video material, prior to the test performance. + +The simplest test format would use a single Programme Segment and a single Quality Parameter. + +##### **A.1.1.3 Grading scales** + +Subjects should be made aware in the test instructions that the range of travel of the handset slider mechanism corresponds to the continuous quality scale, as described in subclause 5.4 of ITU-R Recommendation BT.500-7. + +##### **A.1.1.4 Observers** + +At least fifteen subjects, non-experts, should be employed. + +At least 15 observers should be used. They should be non-expert, in the sense that they are not directly concerned with television picture quality as part of their normal work, and are not experienced assessors1. Prior to a session, the observers should be screened for (corrected-to-) normal visual acuity on the Snellen or Landolt chart, and for normal colour vision using specially selected charts (Ishihara, for instance). The number of assessors needed depends upon the sensitivity and reliability of the test procedure adopted and upon the anticipated size of the effect sought1. + +##### **A.1.1.5 Instructions to the observers** + +In the case of services quality evaluation (with accompanying audio), observers should be instructed to consider the overall quality rather the video quality only. + +##### **A.1.1.6 Test session** + +Time duration and conditions of the test session should be those currently specified in subclause 2.7 of ITU-R Recommendation BT 500-7. + +###### **A.1.1.7 Data presentation, results processing and presentation** + +Data should be collated from all test sessions. A single graph of mean quality rating as a function of time, $q(t)$ , can therefore be obtained as the mean of all observers' quality gradings per programme segment, quality parameter or per entire test session (see example in Figure A.1). + +This data can be converted to a histogram of probability, $P(q)$ , of the occurrence of quality level $q$ (see example in Figure A.2). + +--- + +1 Preliminary findings suggest that non-expert observers may yield more critical results with exposure to higher quality transmission and display technologies. + +![Line graph showing 'Score' (0-100) vs 'Time in minutes' (0-27) for Codec X/programme segment Z. The score fluctuates between approximately 30 and 85 throughout the 27-minute duration.](d48475a25698b1c0592e4cfe07138f2a_img.jpg) + +This line graph plots the 'Score' on the y-axis (ranging from 0 to 100 in increments of 10) against 'Time in minutes' on the x-axis (ranging from 0 to 27 in increments of 3). The data series is a single, highly fluctuating line representing scores for Codec X across a 27-minute programme segment. The scores generally stay between 60 and 80, with notable dips around 2.5 minutes (approx. 30) and 18 minutes (approx. 40), and peaks around 2.5 minutes (approx. 85) and 21 minutes (approx. 75). + +Line graph showing 'Score' (0-100) vs 'Time in minutes' (0-27) for Codec X/programme segment Z. The score fluctuates between approximately 30 and 85 throughout the 27-minute duration. + +Figure A.1/J.140 – Test condition: Codec X/programme segment: Z + +![Line graph showing '%' (0-100) vs an unlabeled x-axis (0-90) for various test conditions. The conditions include source, analogue 1, analogue 2, codec w, codec x, and codec y. All series show a sharp decline in percentage after the 40-minute mark.](10c82dcc5f2c237961329dd29d65859c_img.jpg) + +This line graph plots the percentage (%) on the y-axis (0 to 100) against an unlabeled x-axis (0 to 90). Six data series are shown, all starting at 100% at x=0. The series are: + +- source** (square markers): Remains near 100% until x=40, then drops to 100% at x=50, 95% at x=60, 70% at x=70, 10% at x=80, and 0% at x=90. +- analogue 1** (triangle markers): Drops from 100% at x=40 to 92% at x=50, 68% at x=60, 32% at x=70, 10% at x=80, and 0% at x=90. +- analogue 2** (circle markers): Drops from 100% at x=40 to 87% at x=50, 60% at x=60, 30% at x=70, 10% at x=80, and 0% at x=90. +- codec w** (diamond markers): Drops from 100% at x=40 to 82% at x=50, 60% at x=60, 30% at x=70, 10% at x=80, and 0% at x=90. +- codec x** (cross markers): Drops from 100% at x=40 to 82% at x=50, 60% at x=60, 30% at x=70, 10% at x=80, and 0% at x=90. +- codec y** (thick horizontal bar markers): Drops sharply from 100% at x=20 to 85% at x=30, 50% at x=40, 10% at x=50, and 0% at x=60, remaining at 0% through x=90. + +Line graph showing '%' (0-100) vs an unlabeled x-axis (0-90) for various test conditions. The conditions include source, analogue 1, analogue 2, codec w, codec x, and codec y. All series show a sharp decline in percentage after the 40-minute mark. + +Figure A.2/J.140 – Mean of scores of voting sequences on programmes segment Z + +###### A.1.1.8 Calibration of continuous quality results and derivation of a single quality rating + +Conventional ITU-R methodologies employed in the past have been able to produce single quality ratings for television sequences. Experiments have been performed which have examined the relationship between the continuous assessment of a coded video sequence, and an overall single quality rating of the same segment. It has already been identified that the human memory effects can distort quality ratings if noticeable impairments occur in approximately the last 10-15 s of the sequence. However, it has also been found that this human memory effects could be modelled as a decaying exponential weighting function. Hence a possible third stage in the SSCQE methodology would be to process these continuous quality assessments, in order to obtain an equivalent single quality measurement. This is currently under study. + +### A.2 Viewing parameters + +Viewing conditions should be those currently specified in ITU-R Recommendations BT.500-7 and BT.1129-1 for subjective assessment in home viewing environment: + +- a) ratio of Luminance of inactive screen to peak Luminance: $\leq 0.02$ +- b) display brightness and contrast: set up via PLUGE +- c) maximum observation angle relative to the normal: $30^\circ$ +- d) monitor input: baseband component input without digital processing +- e) monitor resolution: to be checked and reported +- f) ratio of viewing distance to picture height: 6 H +- g) screen size for a 4/3 format ratio: From 25" to 29" (Note 1) +- h) screen size for a 16/9 format ratio: From 32" to 36" (Note 1) +- i) monitor standard: SDTV +- j) peak luminance: 200 Cd/m (Note 2) +- k) environmental Illuminance on the screen: 200 Lux (Note 2) + +NOTE 1 – This screen size satisfies rules of the "Preferred Viewing Distance" (PVD) for PVD = 6 H. + +NOTE 2 – Incident from the environment falling on the screen should be measured perpendicularly on the screen. + +The viewing distance and the screen sizes are to be selected in order to satisfy the "Preferred Viewing Distance" (PVD). The PVD (in function of the screen sizes) is shown in the following table and graph. See Figure A.3. + +This table and this graph are intended to give information on the Preferred Viewing Distance and related screen sizes to be adopted in the Recommendations for specific applications. + +| Screen diagonal (inch) | | Screen height (H) | PVD | +|------------------------|------------|-------------------|-----| +| 4/3 ratio | 16/9 ratio | (m) | (H) | +| 12 | 15 | 0.18 | 9 | +| 15 | 18 | 0.23 | 8 | +| 20 | 24 | 0.30 | 7 | +| 29 | 36 | 0.45 | 6 | +| 60 | 73 | 0.91 | 5 | +| > 100 | > 120 | > 1.53 | 3-4 | + +![Line graph showing the relationship between PVD (H) and Screen height (m). The y-axis is labeled 'PVD (H) Ratio of view, distance (m) to picture height (m)' and ranges from 0 to 15. The x-axis is labeled 'Screen height (m)' and ranges from 0 to 2. A curve starts at approximately (0.1, 13) and decreases to about (2, 4.3).](dd0f5301a5a6dd7c319701302110de88_img.jpg) + +| Screen height (m) | PVD (H) Ratio of view, distance (m) to picture height (m) | +|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------| +| 0.1 | 13 | +| 0.2 | 8 | +| 0.5 | 5.8 | +| 1.0 | 5 | +| 1.5 | 4.5 | +| 2.0 | 4.3 | + +T0905810-97/d03 + +Line graph showing the relationship between PVD (H) and Screen height (m). The y-axis is labeled 'PVD (H) Ratio of view, distance (m) to picture height (m)' and ranges from 0 to 15. The x-axis is labeled 'Screen height (m)' and ranges from 0 to 2. A curve starts at approximately (0.1, 13) and decreases to about (2, 4.3). + +Figure A.3/J.140 – PVD for moving images + + + +## ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure | +| Series Z | Programming languages | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.141-199909-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.141-199909-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b6669b37221f7df7f5341b11dbcdc6c952be7a4f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.141-199909-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,239 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a stylized signal wave.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a stylized signal wave. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.141** + +(09/99) + +SERIES J: TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND +PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Measurement of the quality of service + +--- + +**Performance indicators for data services +delivered over digital cable television systems** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.141 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +# **TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +## **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION J.141** + +# **PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR DATA SERVICES DELIVERED OVER DIGITAL CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS** + +### **Summary** + +This Recommendation describes some performance indicators to be used to evaluate the performance of digital modems in a hybrid fibre/coax cable television network in the presence of continuous or impulsive noise. + +### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.141 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on 16 September 1999. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +### INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2000 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References ..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Performance Indicators ..... | 1 | +| Appendix I – Example of the use of the recommended performance indicators..... | 2 | + + + +## PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR DATA SERVICES DELIVERED OVER DIGITAL CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS + +(Geneva, 1999) + +## 1 Scope + +Recommendation J.111 "Network independent protocols for interactive systems" specifies some characteristics for the modems to be used for the delivery of data services over digital television cable. This Recommendation recommends some performance indicators to be used to evaluate the performance of those modems in a hybrid fibre/coax (HFC) cable television network in the presence of continuous or impulsive noise. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- ITU-T Recommendation J.111 (1998), *Network independent protocols for interactive systems*. + +## 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.1 frame loss ratio (FLR):** The ratio of errored data frames with respect to total number of frames transmitted, when the data frames are transmitted over a noisy channel. + +**3.2 bandwidth efficiency (BWE):** The amount of data that can be transmitted through a channel, expressed in terms of amount of data transmitted through the unit of bandwidth per unit of time (bits/s/Hz). + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-----|--------------------------| +| BWE | Bandwidth Efficiency | +| CNR | Carrier-to-Noise Ratio | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FLR | Frame Loss Ratio | + +## 5 Performance Indicators + +Three important indicators have been in successful use and are listed below. + +*Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (CNR)* – This is the widely used indicator of the noise level of a transmission channel. Depending on the characteristics of the noise in the channel, it can be expressed in terms of additive white Gaussian noise, or of impulsive noise bursts of specified duration and repetition rate. This is an indicator of the performance of the transmission network, and it can only be improved by changing the network or improving its maintenance. + +*Frame Loss Ratio (FLR)* – The frame loss ratio is the ratio of errored data frames with respect to total number of frames transmitted, when the data frames are transmitted over a noisy channel. This indicator is often referred to Ethernet-type frames consisting of 64 bytes each, but it is also customary to refer to 53-byte frames as used in some regions, or to 1518-byte frames, which are also supported by Ethernet. The value of this indicator is dictated by the desired quality of service that the network should provide for a given service. + +*Bandwidth Efficiency (BWE)* – The bandwidth efficiency indicates the data capacity that can be transmitted through the channel. It is expressed in terms of the amount of data transmitted through the unit of bandwidth per unit of time (bits/s/Hz). The value of this indicator is governed by the design of the modem. It should be noted that the usable data includes only the useful message data. It does not include any overhead needed for forward error correction (FEC) and control. Of course, the greater the percent overhead, the less the useful data that can be delivered. A modem without provision for FEC overhead will have a high bandwidth efficiency, but it will rapidly fail on a noisy transmission channel. A compromise FLR and bandwidth efficiency must be found case by case. + +The three indicators above are related to each other and bounded by Shannon's law: when the value of CNR is known, the limit to the value of BWE at an arbitrarily small FLR can be computed by applying that law. + +The values of the three indicators can be plotted on a three-dimensional graph. In practice, cross sections of the three-dimensional graph, perpendicular to the FLR axis, are often used instead, for the sake of convenience. The line that represents Shannon's law can also be plotted on those bidimensional cross-section graphs; that line describes the maximum theoretical performance possible for any combination of BWE and CNR at an arbitrarily low FLR approaching zero. + +An example of the use of the described performance indicators is provided in Appendix I. + +## Appendix I + +### Example of the use of the recommended performance indicators + +Different services have different error-performance requirements and different data rates. For example, a service, such as status monitoring or polling, may be able to tolerate more errors than a time-critical application, such as video telephony or "twitch" video games, where re-transmission of errored frames cannot be tolerated. A system designer engaged in the design of a digital transmission facility intended to provide a given service will try to optimize his choice of values for the three indicators above, through a trial-and-error process based on the steps described below. + +- 1) Create tables or graphs, of the type described above, corresponding to the error performance needed for the service to be provided. This will determine a lower boundary plane, orthogonal to the FLR axis, on the three-dimensional graph described in clause 5. +- 2) Characterize the quality of the HFC cable television plant from a CNR and burst-noise distribution point of view. This will determine a lower boundary plane, orthogonal to the C/N axis, on the same graph. +- 3) Determine the minimum acceptable data rate for the service and the amount of bandwidth which can be dedicated to that particular service. There are several issues associated with this decision. + - The bandwidth decision may be limited to a range between strong ingress sources. + - The service to be provided may be a low revenue-generating service, to which only a modest bandwidth can be dedicated, or the service may be a high revenue-generating service, to which a full channel may be dedicated in the best part of the spectrum. + - It may be necessary to fit the return channels of all the bidirectional services into a limited return band. + +- 4) Calculate the required bandwidth efficiency by dividing the required bit rate by the available bandwidth. This will determine a lower boundary plane, orthogonal to the BWE axis, on the three-dimensional graph. + +The system designer can then plot the performance indicators of the various available modem models on the bidimensional cross-section of the three-dimensional graph, applicable to the required FLR value. The designer can focus his choice on those modem models that fall in the area bounded by the lines that correspond to the measured CNR and to the minimum required BWE and thus simultaneously meet or exceed the minimum identified requirements for CNR, FLR and BWE. The designer's attention should particularly focus on those modems that, while meeting the condition above, appear to be closest to the upper boundary of theoretical performance represented by Shannon's law. + +Figure I.1 provides an example of such a bidimensional cross-section graph and its use. + +![A scatter plot showing Bandwidth Efficiency (bits/s/Hz) on the y-axis (0 to 4.0) versus Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (dB) on the x-axis (-12 to 20). The plot includes data points for various modems like Vendor A 16-QAM, DOCSIS 16-QAM (t=2*, t=4*, t=10*), Vendor A QPSK, DOCSIS QPSK (t=2*, t=4*, t=10*), Vendor D QAM, Vendor C QPSK (no FEC, FEC t=2), Vendor D QPSK (mode 1, mode 2), and Vendor B QPSK. A horizontal line at y ≈ 1.25 and a vertical line at x = 16 define a region of interest. Asterisks indicate theoretical calculations.](bedcca5cdf168e3508ef511d94ec514c_img.jpg) + +| Modem Model | CNR (dB) | BWE (bits/s/Hz) | Note | +|-----------------------|----------|-----------------|-------------| +| Vendor A 16-QAM | 18.5 | 3.4 | | +| DOCSIS 16-QAM* | 18.5 | 3.2 | Theoretical | +| DOCSIS 16-QAM t=2* | 15.5 | 3.1 | Theoretical | +| DOCSIS 16-QAM t=4* | 14.5 | 2.8 | Theoretical | +| DOCSIS 16-QAM t=10* | 13.0 | 2.5 | Theoretical | +| Vendor A QPSK | 11.0 | 1.9 | | +| DOCSIS QPSK* | 10.5 | 1.7 | Theoretical | +| DOCSIS QPSK t=2* | 9.0 | 1.6 | Theoretical | +| DOCSIS QPSK t=4* | 8.0 | 1.5 | Theoretical | +| Vendor D QAM | 14.0 | 1.4 | | +| DOCSIS QPSK t=10* | 7.0 | 1.3 | Theoretical | +| Vendor C QPSK no FEC | 14.5 | 1.2 | | +| Vendor C QPSK FEC t=2 | 13.5 | 1.0 | | +| Vendor D QPSK mode 2 | 6.5 | 0.7 | | +| Vendor B QPSK | 14.5 | 0.5 | | +| Vendor D QPSK mode 1 | -10.0 | 0.1 | | + +\* Theoretical calculation + +T0908510-99/d01 + +A scatter plot showing Bandwidth Efficiency (bits/s/Hz) on the y-axis (0 to 4.0) versus Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (dB) on the x-axis (-12 to 20). The plot includes data points for various modems like Vendor A 16-QAM, DOCSIS 16-QAM (t=2\*, t=4\*, t=10\*), Vendor A QPSK, DOCSIS QPSK (t=2\*, t=4\*, t=10\*), Vendor D QAM, Vendor C QPSK (no FEC, FEC t=2), Vendor D QPSK (mode 1, mode 2), and Vendor B QPSK. A horizontal line at y ≈ 1.25 and a vertical line at x = 16 define a region of interest. Asterisks indicate theoretical calculations. + +Figure I.1/J.141 – Bandwidth efficiency vs. CNR for 1% FLR + +It should be noted that several available modems have a set bandwidth and a set FEC capability. Therefore, the system designer is limited to what is available. However, some modems have varying parameters that can be used to move to different points on the three-dimensional graph. For the modems with several modes, the system engineer could add points to create more of a continuous trace and could choose the operating point to be somewhere along the trace. While it would be convenient to choose any arbitrary bandwidth and power efficiency, all these modems operate with a discrete set of parameters. In an operational system, FEC options, data rates, or bandwidths, can be controlled dynamically to adjust for the changing channel conditions. + + + + + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.149-200403-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.149-200403-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b00f1e05ea07603cbfb19b0ebe40c16e3e42c6e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.149-200403-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,894 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.149** + +(03/2004) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Measurement of the quality of service + +--- + +**Method for specifying accuracy and +cross-calibration of Video Quality Metrics (VQM)** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.149 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.149** + +# **Method for specifying accuracy and cross-calibration of Video Quality Metrics (VQM)** + +## **Summary** + +Video quality metrics are intended to provide calculated values that are strongly correlated with viewer subjective assessments. This Recommendation provides methods for curve fitting VQM objective values to subjective data in order to facilitate the accuracy calculation, an algorithm to quantify the accuracy of a given VQM, a simplified root mean square error calculation to quantify the accuracy of a VQM when the subjective data has roughly equal variance across the VQM scale, and a method to plot classification errors to determine the relative frequencies of "false tie", "false differentiation", "false ranking", and "correct decision" for a given VQM. + +### **Source** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.149 was approved on 15 March 2004 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2001-2004) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2009 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 Informative references ..... | 1 | +| 3 Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 4 Accuracy of a VQM..... | 2 | +| 4.1 Nomenclature and coordinate scales ..... | 2 | +| 4.2 Fitting VQM values to subjective data..... | 3 | +| 4.3 Metric 1: VQM accuracy based on statistical significance ..... | 5 | +| 4.4 Metric 2: VQM RMSE calculation..... | 7 | +| 4.5 Classification plots ..... | 7 | +| 5 Cross-calibrating two VQMs..... | 10 | +| Appendix I – Application of this Recommendation in the evaluation and validation of proposed VQMs..... | 11 | +| I.1 Elements of a full VQM disclosure ..... | 11 | +| I.2 Scope/limitations of a VQM..... | 11 | +| Appendix II – MATLAB Source Code..... | 14 | +| Appendix III – Data-fitting to a common scale of VQM..... | 20 | +| III.1 Polynomial of order M ..... | 20 | +| III.2 Logistic function I ..... | 20 | +| III.3 Logistic function II ..... | 20 | +| Bibliography..... | 22 | + + + +## Method for specifying accuracy and cross-calibration of Video Quality Metrics (VQM) + +# 1 Scope + +Video quality metrics are intended to provide calculated values that are strongly correlated with viewer subjective assessments. This Recommendation provides: + +- a) methods for curve fitting VQM objective values to subjective data in order to facilitate the accuracy calculation and to produce a normalized objective value scale that can be used for cross-correlation between different VQMs; +- b) an algorithm (based on statistical analysis relative to subjective data) to quantify the accuracy of a given VQM; +- c) a simplified root mean square error calculation to quantify the accuracy of a VQM when the subjective data has roughly equal variance across the VQM scale; +- d) a method to plot classification errors to determine the relative frequencies of "false tie", "false differentiation", "false ranking", and "correct decision" for a given VQM. + +The methods specified in this Recommendation are based on objective and subjective evaluation of component video such as defined by ITU-R Rec. BT.601 using methods such as described in ITU-R Rec. BT.500-11. A data set for a VQM will consist of objective values and mean subjective scores for a variety of motion video sources (SRC) processed by a variety of hypothetical reference circuits (HRC). An example of such a data set is given in the ITU-T Tutorial (see Appendix I). + +The methods specified in this Recommendation are directly applicable to a defined data set as described above. For measurements not specifically part of the data set, the methods specified in this Recommendation provide a reasonable estimate of accuracy and cross-calibration for applications that can be considered to be similar to and within the scope of the defined data set. + +The methods specified in this Recommendation are appropriate for use in combination with other statistical calculations in order to evaluate the usefulness of a VQM. Informative information regarding the use of the methods is presented in Appendix I. A complete verification process by suitable independent laboratories is required for a VQM to be considered for inclusion as a normative part of an ITU-R Recommendation. + +NOTE – The structure and content of this Recommendation have been organized for ease of use by those familiar with the original source material; as such, the usual style of ITU-T recommendations has not been applied. + +# 2 Informative references + +- ANSI T1.801.01-1995\*, *Digital Transport of Video Teleconferencing/Video Telephony Signals – Video Test Scenes for Subjective and Objective Performance Assessment*. +- ANSI T1.801.02-1996, *Digital Transport of Video Teleconferencing/Video Telephony Signals – Performance Terms, Definitions and Examples*. +- ANSI T1.801.03-2003, *Digital Transport of One-Way Digital Signals – Parameters for Objective Performance Assessment*. +- IEEE Standard No. 205-2001, *Measurement of Luminance Signal Levels*. + +--- + +\* T1 standards are maintained since November 2003 by ATIS. + +- ITU-T Tutorial (2004), *Objective perceptual assessment of video quality: Full reference television* ([www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com09/docs/tutorial\\_opavc.pdf](http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com09/docs/tutorial_opavc.pdf)) +- ITU-R Recommendation BT.500-11 (2002), *Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures*. +- U.S. Standards Committee T1 Technical Report T1.TR.73-2001, *Video Normalization Methods Applicable to Objective Video Quality Metrics Utilizing a Full Reference Technique*. +- U.S. Standards Committee T1 Technical Report T1.TR.74-2001, *Objective Video Quality Measurement Using Peak-Signal-to-Noise Ratio Full Reference Technique*. +- U.S. Standards Committee T1 Technical Report T1.TR.75-2001, *Objective Perceptual Video Quality Measurement Using a JND-Based Full Reference Technique*. +- U.S. Standards Committee T1 Technical Report T1.TR.77-2002, *Data and sample program code to be used with the method specified in T1.TR.72-2001 for the calculation of resolving power of the video quality metrics in T1.TR.74-2001 and T1.TR.75-2001*. + +# 3 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------| +| FR-TV | Full Reference Television | +| HRC | Hypothetical Reference Circuit | +| RMSE | Root Mean Squared Error | +| SRC | Source | +| VQEG | Video Quality Experts Group | +| VQM | Video Quality Metrics | + +# 4 Accuracy of a VQM + +In order to use an objective video-quality metric (VQM), one must know whether the score difference between two processed videos is statistically significant. Hence, a quantification is needed of the accuracy (or resolving power) of the VQM. To visualize this resolving power, it helps to begin with a scatter plot in which the abscissa of each point is a VQM score from a particular video source (SRC) and distortion (hypothetical reference circuit, or HRC), and the ordinate is a subjective score from a particular viewing of the SRC/HRC. Each SRC/HRC combination (associated with a particular VQM score) contains a distribution of mean subjective scores, $S$ , based on a number of viewers, which represents (approximately) the relative probabilities of $S$ for the particular SRC/HRC combination. The resolving power of a VQM can be defined as the difference between two VQM values for which the corresponding subjective-score distributions have means that are statistically different from each other (typically at the 0.95 significance level). + +Given this qualitative picture, two metrics for resolving power will be described in this clause, each one being useful in a different context. The metrics are described in clauses 4.3 and 4.4. Also, in clause 4.5, a method is described for evaluating the frequencies of different kinds of errors made by the VQM. As an example of implementation of all the methods, a computer source code in MATLAB (The Mathworks, Inc., Natick, MA) is provided in Appendix II. + +## 4.1 Nomenclature and coordinate scales + +Let each SRC/HRC combination in a data set be called a "situation", and let $N$ be the number of situations in this data set. A subjective score for situation $i$ and viewer $l$ will be denoted as $S_{il}$ , and + +an objective score for situation $i$ will be denoted as $O_i$ . Averaging over a variable such as viewer will be denoted with a dot in that variable location. For instance, the mean opinion score of a situation will be denoted as $S_{i\cdot}$ . The subjective-score statistics from each pair $(i, j)$ of these situations are to be assessed for significance of VQM difference, and then used to arrive at a resolving power for the VQM difference, as a function of the VQM value. + +Prior to any statistical analysis, the original subjective mean opinion scores $S_{i\cdot}$ are linearly transformed to the interval $[0, 1]$ , defined as the *Common Scale*, where 0 represents no-impairment and 1 represents most impairment. If *best* represents the no-impairment value of the original subjective score and *worst* represents the maximum impairment of the original subjective scale, then the scaled scores $\hat{S}_{i\cdot}$ are given by: + +$$\hat{S}_{i\cdot} = \frac{S_{i\cdot} - \text{best}}{\text{worst} - \text{best}}$$ + +Next, the VQM scores are transformed to this Common Scale as a byproduct of the process of fitting the VQM scores to the subjective data, which will be discussed in the following clause. + +## 4.2 Fitting VQM values to subjective data + +Fitting removes systematic differences between the VQM and the subjective data (e.g., dc shift) that do not provide any useful quality discrimination information. In addition, fitting all VQMs to one common scale will provide a method for cross-calibration of those VQMs. + +The simplest method of data fitting is linear correlation and regression. For subjective video quality scores, this may not be the best method. Experience with other video quality data sets (see ITU-T Tutorial) indicates chronically poor fits of VQM to subjective scores at the extremes of the ranges. This problem can be ameliorated by allowing the fitting algorithm to use non-linear, but still monotonic (order-preserving), methods. If a good non-linear model is used, the objective-to-subjective errors will be smaller and have a central tendency closer to zero. + +Non-linear methods can be constrained to effectively transform the VQM scale to the $[0, 1]$ Common Scale. Besides improving the fit of data with a VQM, a fitting curve also offers an additional advantage over the straight-line fit implied by the Native Scale (i.e., the original scale of the VQM): the distribution of objective-to-subjective errors around the fitted model curve is less dependent on the VQM score. Of course, the non-linear transformation may not remove all the score dependency of objective-to-subjective errors. To capture the residual dependence, it would ideally have been useful to record objective-to-subjective error as a function of VQM value. However, typical data sets are too small to divide among VQM bins in a statistically robust way. Therefore, as will be clear in clause 4.3, a sort of average measure over the VQM range is computed. + +Figure 1 shows the improved fit of model to data incurred by transforming the objective scores using a fitting function. It can be seen that, besides improving the fit of data with VQM, the curve also offers an additional advantage over the straight-line fit implied by the Native Scale: the distribution of model-to-data errors around the fitted model curve is less dependent on the VQM score. + +![Figure 1: Improved fit of data to VQM by mapping VQM to Common Scale. The plot shows 'Common Scale subjective score (x 100)' on the y-axis (0 to 100) and 'VQM Native Scale' on the x-axis (0 to 20). Data points are represented by small diamonds, and the logistic fit is shown as a series of squares with crosses. The fit curve starts near (0,0) and increases sigmoidally, passing through approximately (10, 50) and approaching 100 as the VQM Native Scale increases. The label 'J.149_F01' is in the bottom right corner.](adb1f42239329fa8283d1a40005f989f_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: Improved fit of data to VQM by mapping VQM to Common Scale. The plot shows 'Common Scale subjective score (x 100)' on the y-axis (0 to 100) and 'VQM Native Scale' on the x-axis (0 to 20). Data points are represented by small diamonds, and the logistic fit is shown as a series of squares with crosses. The fit curve starts near (0,0) and increases sigmoidally, passing through approximately (10, 50) and approaching 100 as the VQM Native Scale increases. The label 'J.149\_F01' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 1 – Improved fit of data to VQM by mapping VQM to Common Scale** + +We denote the original (Native Scale) objective scores $O_i$ , and the Common Scale objective scores as $\hat{O}_i$ . A fitting function $F$ (depending on some fitting parameters) connects the two. The function used to fit the objective VQM data ( $O_i$ ) to the scaled subjective data ( $\hat{S}_{i*}$ ) must have the following three attributes: + +- a) a specified domain of validity, which should include the range of VQM data for all the situations used to define the accuracy metric; +- b) a specified range of validity, defined as the range of Common Scale scores (a sub-range of [0, 1]) to which the function maps; and +- c) monotonicity (the property of being either strictly increasing or strictly decreasing) over the specified domain of validity. + +Of course, the fitting function would be most useful as a cross-calibration tool if it were monotonic over the entire theoretical domain of VQM scores, covered the entire subjective Common Scale from 0 to 1, and mapped to zero the VQM score that corresponds to a perfect video sequence (no degradations, hence a null distortion). However, this ideal may not be attainable for certain VQMs and function families used to perform the fit. + +One possible family of fitting functions is the set of polynomials of order $M$ . Another is a logistic function with the form: + +$$\hat{O}_i = a + b/\{1 + c(O_i + d)^e\}$$ + +where $a$ , $b$ , $c$ , $d$ , and $e$ are fitting parameters (see ITU-T Tutorial). A third possibility is a logistic function with the form: + +$$\hat{O}_i = a + (b-a)/\{1 + \exp[-c(O_i - d)]\}$$ + +where $a$ , $b$ , $c$ , $d$ are fitting parameters and $c > 0$ 1. For convenience, we call these logistic forms Logistic I and Logistic II, respectively. The MATLAB code in Appendix II instantiates only a polynomial fit. Appendix III discusses possible methods of data fitting using the logistic functions. The selection of a fitting-function family (including *a priori* setting of some of the parameters) depends on the asymptotic (best and worst) scores of the particular VQM. + +The number of degrees of freedom used up by the fitting process is denoted by $D$ . For example, if a linear fit is used, $D = 2$ since two free parameters are estimated in the fitting procedure. The fitting function that transforms objective VQM to the Common Scale is reported to facilitate industry comparison of two VQMs. Whether a 5-, 4-, 3-, or 2-free parameter fit is appropriate depends on the particular data set. Care should be taken to avoid overfitting, as this usually leads to unstable and meaningless results and can often cause the fitting algorithm to fail to converge. + +Once transformed to the Common Scale, any VQM can be cross-calibrated to any other VQM through the Common Scale. Representing the accuracy of a VQM in Common Scale facilitates comparisons between VQMs. Also, assuming the resolving power in the Common Scale does not vary much with the VQM score at which the resolving power is evaluated, the resolving power can be mapped through the inverse of the logistic function to the Native Scale. In the Native Scale, the $\Delta$ VQM from the Common Scale generates a VQM-score-dependent resolving power. A table or equation that provides such resolving powers (one at each VQM score in Native Scale) will have immediate meaning for users of the Native Scale. + +## 4.3 Metric 1: VQM accuracy based on statistical significance + +We define a new quantitative measure of VQM accuracy, called resolving power, defined as the $\Delta$ VQM value above which the conditional subjective-score distributions have means that are statistically different from each other (typically at the 0.95 significance level). Such an "error bar" measure is needed in order for video service operators to judge the significance of VQM fluctuations. Commercial software to implement the resolving power statistic may not be available. + +Of several possible approaches to assessing a VQM's resolving power, the Student's $t$ -test was chosen. This test was applied to the measurements in all pairs $i$ and $j$ of situations. Emerging from the test are the $\Delta$ VQM (i.e., the difference between the greater and lesser VQM score of $i$ and $j$ ) and the *significance* from the $t$ -test. This *significance* is the probability $p$ that, given $i$ and $j$ , the greater VQM score is associated with the situation that has the greater true underlying mean subjective score. Thus, $p$ is the probability that the observed difference in sample means of the subjective scores from $i$ and $j$ did not come from a single population mean, nor from population means that were ordered oppositely to the associated VQM scores. To capture this ordering requirement, the $t$ -test must be one-tailed. For simplicity, the $t$ -test was approximated by a $z$ -test. This approximation is a close one when the number of viewers is large, as was the case for the VQEG data set (ITU-T Tutorial). + +An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test might seem better than the $t$ -test method. However, although a single application of ANOVA will determine whether a statistical separation exists among a set of categories, further paired comparisons are needed to determine the magnitudes and conditions of the statistically significant differences. Also, ANOVA assumes equal category-data variances (which may not be true). Finally, although ANOVA resides in many software packages, finding the right software package may not be easy (e.g., not all ANOVA routines will accept different quantities of data in different categories). + +--- + +1 A modified version of this logistic function was used in clauses 6.2.3 and 6.2.4 of the ITU-T Tutorial. The modification accounted for differences in variances of the subjective ratings. + +The algorithm has the following steps: + +*Step 1:* Start with an input data table with $N$ rows, each row represents a different situation (i.e., a different source video and distortion). Each row $i$ consists of the following: the source number, the distortion number, the VQM score $O_i$ , the number of responses $N_i$ , the mean subjective score $S_{i\bullet}$ , and the sample variance of the subjective scores $V_i$ . + +*Step 2:* Transform the subjective scores $S_{i\bullet}$ to Common Scale $\hat{S}_{i\bullet}$ as described in clause 4.1. The variance $V_i$ of the subjective scores must also be scaled accordingly as: + +$$\hat{V}_i = \frac{V_i}{(worst - best)^2}$$ + +Note that transforming the subjective scores and their variances is optional. It will not change the $z$ statistic defined below, but it may change the VQM fitting process. Next, transform the VQM scores $O_i$ to the Common Scale using a fitting function as discussed in clause 4.2, and amplified in Appendix III. The result of the fitting process is a set of Common Scale VQM scores $\hat{O}_i$ . Display the coefficient values used in the fit, and also the VQM domain over which the fit was done (domain of validity). + +*Step 3:* For each pair of distinct situations $i$ and $j$ ( $i \neq j$ ), use a one-tailed $z$ -test to assign a probability of *significance* to the difference between the greater and the lesser VQM ( $\hat{O}_i$ and $\hat{O}_j$ , respectively). The significance is the probability that the greater VQM score comes from the situation with the greater true underlying mean subjective score. The $z$ score is: + +$$z = (\hat{S}_{i\bullet} - \hat{S}_{j\bullet}) / \sqrt{\hat{V}_i / N_i + \hat{V}_j / N_j}$$ + +and the probability of significance of the $z$ score $p(z)$ is just the cumulative distribution function of $z$ : + +$$p(z) = cdf(z) = (2 \pi)^{-0.5} \int_{-\infty}^z \exp(-z^2/2) dz$$ + +*Step 4:* Create a scatter plot of $p(z)$ (ordinate) versus $\Delta VQM$ score (abscissa). Given $N$ situations, record each pair $(i, j)$ with $i > j$ , record the VQM difference $\hat{O}_i - \hat{O}_j$ in a vector of length $N(N-1)/2$ called **$\Delta VQM$** (with index $k$ ), and record the corresponding $z$ score in a vector called **$Z$** with length $N(N-1)/2$ (with the same index $k$ ). It is desired to ensure that $\Delta VQM(k)$ is always non-negative, which can be ensured by definition of the otherwise arbitrary ordering of the endpoints $i$ and $j$ . To ensure that this is so, if $\Delta VQM(k)$ is negative, then replace $Z(k)$ by $-Z(k)$ and $\Delta VQM(k)$ by $-\Delta VQM(k)$ . + +*Step 5:* Consider 19 bins (indexed by $m$ ) of $\Delta VQM$ , each one of which spans 1/10 the total range of $\Delta VQM$ . The bins overlap by 50 per cent. Associate $\Delta VQM_m$ with the midpoint of each bin and associate $p_m$ with the mean of $p(z)$ for all $z$ in bin $m$ . + +*Step 6:* Draw a curve through the points $(\Delta VQM_m, p_m)$ , to produce a graph of $p$ versus $\Delta VQM$ . Note that $p$ can be interpreted as the average probability of significance. + +*Step 7:* Select a threshold probability $p$ , draw a horizontal line at the ordinate value $p$ , and let its intercept with the curve of Step 6 determine the threshold $\Delta VQM$ , defined as the accuracy. For an average probability of significance of $p$ or greater, the $\Delta VQM$ should exceed this threshold. Common choices of $p$ are 0.68, 0.75, 0.90, and 0.95. + +Having found a value of $\Delta VQM$ for a chosen $p$ , one can use it directly in Common Scale – as would be appropriate for cross-calibration in clause 5. Alternatively, for other purposes, one has the option + +of inverse mapping this $\Delta VQM$ value back to the Native Scale to give a Native Scale resolving power $R$ as a function of the native objective score $O$ : + +$$R(O) = | F^{-1} [F(O) + \Delta VQM] - O |$$ + +where $F$ is the fitting function defined in clause 4.2. For the logistic functions in clause 4.2, the inverse of Logistic I is: + +$$F^{-1}(x) = [(1/c) (b/[x-a]) - 1]^{1/e} - d$$ + +and the inverse of Logistic II is: + +$$F^{-1}(x) = d - (1/c) \ln[(b-a)/(x-a) - 1].$$ + +When $|\Delta VQM| \ll 1$ , $R(O)$ can be approximated as: + +$$R(O) = |\Delta VQM / F'(O)|$$ + +where $F'(O)$ is the derivative of $F$ with respect to $O$ . This approximation should suffice for most purposes. + +NOTE – For the logistic functions in clause 4.2, the derivative of Logistic I is: + +$$F'(x) = -bce (x+d)^{e-1} / \{1 + c(x+d)^e\}^2$$ + +and the derivative of Logistic II is: + +$$F'(x) = c (b-a) \exp[-c(x-d)] / \{1 + \exp[-c(x-d)]\}^2$$ + +## 4.4 Metric 2: VQM RMSE calculation + +If the subjective data have roughly equal variance across the VQM scale, then a pooled estimate of variance, or resolving power, may be appropriate. As an example, we choose the root-mean-squared error (RMSE). The basic idea behind the VQM RMSE calculation is to quantify the mean squared error (MSE) between fitted objective data and corresponding subjective data. The VQM RMSE between the fitted objective data $\hat{O}_i$ and the scaled subjective data $\hat{S}_{i\cdot}$ is computed as: + +$$VQM\_RMSE = \sqrt{\frac{1}{N-D} \sum_{i=1}^N (\hat{O}_i - \hat{S}_{i\cdot})^2}$$ + +where $N$ is the total number of situations (equal to $IJ$ , where $J$ is the number of scenes and $I$ is the number of HRCs), and $D$ is the degrees of freedom used up by the objective-to-subjective curve fitting performed in clause 4.2. Commercial software to implement the classification error statistics may not be available. + +## 4.5 Classification plots + +Classification errors are one way to evaluate the effectiveness of a Video Quality Metric (VQM). A classification error is made when the subjective test and the VQM lead to different conclusions on a pair of data points. This clause discusses the meaning of the classification errors, in terms of the plots of subjective z score versus delta-VQM described in the main text. For the following description, we use the Common [0, 1] Scale for both the subjective and objective scores. Here, "0" represents no impairment and "1" represents maximum impairment. + +For any subjective test one can set a threshold $\Delta z$ , that defines when two data points (A, B) are statistically equivalent and when they are statistically distinguishable2. Once this has been done, the subjective test results allow one to place each pair of data points (A, B) into one of the three categories: + +$$\begin{aligned} \Delta z_{AB} < -\Delta z &\rightarrow \text{A is better than B} &\rightarrow \text{Bs} \\ -\Delta z \leq \Delta z_{AB} \leq \Delta z &\rightarrow \text{A is same as B} &\rightarrow \text{Es} \\ \Delta z < \Delta z_{AB} &\rightarrow \text{A is worse than B} &\rightarrow \text{Ws} \end{aligned}$$ + +The abbreviations for the three categories (Bs, Es, and Ws) denote subjectively better, subjectively equivalent, and subjectively worse, respectively. + +Now consider a similar threshold for VQM values, $\Delta o$ : + +$$\begin{aligned} \text{VQM(A)} - \text{VQM(B)} < -\Delta o &\rightarrow \text{A is better than B} &\rightarrow \text{Bo} \\ -\Delta o \leq \text{VQM(A)} - \text{VQM(B)} \leq \Delta o &\rightarrow \text{A is same as B} &\rightarrow \text{Eo} \\ \Delta o < \text{VQM(A)} - \text{VQM(B)} &\rightarrow \text{A is worse than B} &\rightarrow \text{Wo} \end{aligned}$$ + +The abbreviations for the three categories (Bo, Eo, and Wo) denote objectively better, objectively equivalent, and objectively worse, respectively. + +Since each pair of data points undergoes a three-way classification by the subjective test and a separate three-way classification by the VQM, there are nine possible outcomes. These nine outcome spaces are illustrated in Figure 2 by the broken lines in the two-dimensional space of subjective-score difference versus VQM difference: + +![Figure 2: Schematic classification diagram. A 2D plot with 'Subjective score differences' on the vertical axis and 'VQM differences' on the horizontal axis. The origin is marked '0'. The vertical axis has labels 'Bs', 'Es', and 'Ws' from bottom to top. The horizontal axis has labels 'Bo', 'Eo', and 'Wo' from left to right. A vertical dashed line at VQM difference = 0 separates Bo and Wo. Two horizontal dashed lines at subjective score difference = ±Δz separate Es from Bs and Ws. Two vertical dashed lines at VQM difference = ±Δo separate Eo from Bo and Wo. The top-right region is labeled 'J.149-F02'.](89dcb02be40d2949bb93de93bbf213d5_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: Schematic classification diagram. A 2D plot with 'Subjective score differences' on the vertical axis and 'VQM differences' on the horizontal axis. The origin is marked '0'. The vertical axis has labels 'Bs', 'Es', and 'Ws' from bottom to top. The horizontal axis has labels 'Bo', 'Eo', and 'Wo' from left to right. A vertical dashed line at VQM difference = 0 separates Bo and Wo. Two horizontal dashed lines at subjective score difference = ±Δz separate Es from Bs and Ws. Two vertical dashed lines at VQM difference = ±Δo separate Eo from Bo and Wo. The top-right region is labeled 'J.149-F02'. + +**Figure 2 – Schematic classification diagram** + +In the table below, we label each of these nine outcomes with an eye towards answering the question "How does the VQM-based 3-way classification compare with the subjective test-base 3-way classification?" + +2 The data points A and B actually represent sets of observations of two SRC/HRC combinations. As discussed in the main text, the quantity $\Delta z_{AB}$ is the difference in the means of A and B ( $\hat{S}_{A\cdot} - \hat{S}_{B\cdot}$ ), divided by the inferred standard deviation $\sqrt{(\hat{V}_A/N_A + \hat{V}_B/N_B)}$ , where $\hat{V}_A$ is the variance of scores from situation A, and $N_A$ is the number of observations from situation A, etc. + +| | Bs | Es | Ws | +|----------------------|------------------|-----------------------|------------------| +| Wo | False Ranking | False Differentiation | Correct Decision | +| Eo | False Tie | Correct Decision | False Tie | +| Bo | Correct Decision | False Differentiation | False Ranking | + +Note that for three of the outcomes, the VQM classification agrees with the subjective test classification. These three outcomes are labelled "Correct Decision". The six remaining outcomes correspond to three different types of errors that can arise when using a VQM. The False Tie is probably the least offensive error. This occurs when the subjective test says two data points are different but the VQM says they are the same. A False Differentiation is usually more offensive. This occurs when the subjective test says two data points are the same but the VQM says they are different. The False Ranking would generally be the most offensive error. In False Ranking, the subjective test says A is better than B, but the VQM says B is better than A. + +For any subjective test and any VQM, we can form all possible distinct pairs of data points and count the number of pairs that fall into each of the four distinct outcome categories: Correct Decision, False Tie, False Differentiation, and False Ranking. We can then normalize by the total number of distinct pairs and report relative frequencies for these four outcome categories. In general these results will be functions of both $\Delta z$ and $\Delta o$ . Example results for a fictitious VQM are given in the graph below. $\Delta z$ was selected to give an estimated 95% confidence in the subjective classifications and $\Delta o$ is the free parameter on the x-axis of the graph. + +![A line graph showing the relative frequencies of four classification outcomes as a function of the parameter Δo. The x-axis is labeled Δo and ranges from 0 to 0.05. The y-axis is labeled 'Relative frequencies' and ranges from 0 to 0.5. Four curves are plotted: 'False tie' (dashed purple line), 'False differentiation' (dotted red line), 'False ranking' (solid black line), and 'Correct decision' (dashed blue line). As Δo increases, 'False differentiation' and 'False ranking' decrease towards 0, while 'False tie' and 'Correct decision' increase and level off around 0.5.](0a8d173734e4e46c344178e8d21bcbc3_img.jpg) + +**Example classification errors** + +| $\Delta o$ | False tie | False differentiation | False ranking | Correct decision | +|------------|-----------|-----------------------|---------------|------------------| +| 0.000 | 0.00 | 0.48 | 0.16 | 0.36 | +| 0.005 | 0.18 | 0.30 | 0.08 | 0.44 | +| 0.010 | 0.30 | 0.18 | 0.04 | 0.48 | +| 0.015 | 0.40 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.50 | +| 0.020 | 0.46 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.50 | +| 0.025 | 0.50 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.50 | +| 0.030 | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.49 | +| 0.035 | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.48 | +| 0.040 | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.48 | +| 0.045 | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.48 | + +A line graph showing the relative frequencies of four classification outcomes as a function of the parameter Δo. The x-axis is labeled Δo and ranges from 0 to 0.05. The y-axis is labeled 'Relative frequencies' and ranges from 0 to 0.5. Four curves are plotted: 'False tie' (dashed purple line), 'False differentiation' (dotted red line), 'False ranking' (solid black line), and 'Correct decision' (dashed blue line). As Δo increases, 'False differentiation' and 'False ranking' decrease towards 0, while 'False tie' and 'Correct decision' increase and level off around 0.5. + +**Figure 3 – Sample plot of frequencies of classification error** + +Note that as $\Delta o$ is increasing, the VQM will declare more and more pairs of data points as equivalent. This reduces the occurrences of false differentiations and false rankings, but increases + +the occurrence of false ties. As $\Delta o$ goes to 0.05, the false-tie rate tends towards 0.52. At this point, the VQM is declaring all pairs to be equivalent, and in doing so the VQM is wrong 52% of the time, and correct 48% of the time. This is consistent with the fact that in this test, 48% of the pairs of data points were declared equivalent by the subjective test. One might use a graph like this to select an appropriate value of $\Delta o$ . For example, one might select $\Delta o$ to maximize the probability of making correct decisions, or one might select $\Delta o$ to minimize some weighted sum of the error relative frequencies. + +In the code that generated the above figure (part of the MATLAB code in Appendix II), the threshold used for the subjective test is `subj_th`. The threshold used for the $\Delta$ VQM, `vqm_th`, is left as a free parameter. The code plots the frequency of occurrence for the three different kinds of errors and for no error vs. `vqm_th`. An optimal value of `vqm_th` might be one that maximizes the frequency of occurrence of no error, or one that minimizes a cost-weighted sum of the errors. In general, it is likely that false ties will be the least offensive error, false differentiations will be more offensive, and false rankings will be the worst sort of error. + +NOTE – The nine outcomes and the three by three grid in ( $\Delta$ VQM, subjective Z score) space is the most natural way to describe this analysis. This assumes bipolar values for $\Delta$ VQM. But the code has already taken the absolute value of $\Delta$ VQM (and replaced Z with $-Z$ for all points with negative values of $\Delta$ VQM). This does not change the mathematics, but the more natural description of the situation is now 6 outcomes and a 2 by 3 grid. Two correct outcomes (A better than B and A worse than B) have been folded on top of each other. There are still two false tie outcomes, but only one false differentiation outcome and one false ranking outcome. + +# 5 Cross-calibrating two VQMs + +The need to relate two VQMs is met by the transformation to a Common Scale described in clauses 4.1-4.23. Once two VQMs (say, VQM1 and VQM2) are transformed to the Common Scale (through an agreed-upon subjective data set), the transformation from VQM1 to VQM2 is simply the forward transformation from VQM1 to the Common Scale and then the inverse transformation from Common Scale to VQM2. Models to be compared have to be referenced to a common data set. In cases for which the domains or ranges of the mapping mismatch, the cross-calibration must be declared to be undefined. This Recommendation does not specify a particular common data set. + +--- + +3 **CAVEAT. One must use caution in making inferences from cross-calibration – e.g., cross-calibration of two VQMs does not mean one of the VQMs can be substituted error-free for the other.** One reason for this limitation is that the present cross-calibration method depends on the particular subjective data that define the Common Scale. It might be argued that no subjective data are needed for a cross-calibration, and that one could connect two VQMs directly through their outputs given a particular set of inputs (trial and reference video pairs). However, no matter what set of VQM inputs are chosen for the cross-calibration, the VQMs may respond differently to some other videos. More fundamentally, even within the chosen input set, there are likely four inputs (1, 2, 3, 4) such that both VQM scores change in the same direction going from 1 to 2, but in opposite directions going from 3 to 4. Such behaviour is what makes one VQM better than another, and cannot be captured in any cross-calibration method. + +# Appendix I + +## Application of this Recommendation in the evaluation and validation of proposed VQMs + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +### I.1 Elements of a full VQM disclosure + +Each candidate VQM must be independently validated and fully disclosed such that it could be readily implemented by someone knowledgeable in the art. The description of newly proposed VQMs should include three different data sets: + +- a) test vectors to check implementation of the VQM, including video inputs and resulting VQM outputs; +- b) validation/accuracy data, including subjective ratings and model outputs (spanning enough quality range to be representative of typical transmitted videos); and +- c) data relating to other evaluation methods such as The Pearson linear correlation coefficient between objective and subjective scores, Spearman rank of order correlation between objective and subjective scores, and Outlier ratio. Finally, there should be descriptions of scope and limitations, accuracy, and model cross-calibration as described in subsequent clauses of this Recommendation. + +### I.2 Scope/limitations of a VQM + +The scope of a VQM can include the following elements (an illustrative list, intended neither to be prescriptive nor exhaustive): + +- a) the type of scene content ("signal"), e.g., high/low motion, colour versus black-and-white, interlaced versus progressive; +- b) the type and severity of artifacts ("noise"), driven by encoding techniques and bit rates (e.g., blurring, blockiness); +- c) the viewing conditions (including viewing distance, ambient illumination, and display parameters such as gamma, brightness, and phosphor types). + +Each VQM should be qualitatively assessed as to the type of scene content, type and severity of artifacts, and viewing conditions under which the VQM can or cannot operate effectively. It is important to list known problem areas (such as video distortions that include dropped frames) that would otherwise not be obvious, but the scope/limitations clause is not intended to be an exhaustive list. + +A set of four tables should be included in the description of the VQM's scope and limitations. The first three of these tables should enumerate all the distortions (hypothetical reference circuits, or HRCs) of the data set of the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG), and optionally others, as follows: + +- a) a table of test factors, coding technologies, and applications for which the VQM has shown accuracy; +- b) a table of test factors, coding technologies, and applications for which the VQM has been tested but *not* shown the accuracy specified in clause 4; and +- c) a table of known test factors, coding technologies, and applications for which the VQM has not been tested, or where the VQM is not recommended. + +In addition, there should be: + +- d) a table of test sequences used to determine test factors, coding technologies and applications for which the VQM has shown the accuracy specified in clause 4. + +Sample tables are shown below for the VQEG phase-1 full reference television (FR-TV) tests. Since these three tables exhaust the VQEG phase-1 data set, sample table relating to item c above would not contain any entries. The VQEG phase-2 data (ITU-T Tutorial) has not been included since copyright restrictions prevent this data set from being generally available for VQM validation testing. + +**Table I.1 – Test factors, coding technologies and applications for which the candidate VQM method has shown the specified accuracy** + +| Bit rate | Resolution | Method | Comments | +|-------------------------------------|--------------------------|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 2 Mbit/s | $\frac{3}{4}$ resolution | mp@ml | This is horizontal resolution reduction only | +| 2 Mbit/s | $\frac{3}{4}$ resolution | sp@ml | | +| 4.5 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | | +| 3 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | | +| 1.5 Mbit/s | CIF | H.263 | | +| 768 kbit/s | CIF | H.263 | | +| 4.5 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | Composite NTSC and/or PAL | +| 6 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | | +| 8 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | Composite NTSC and/or PAL | +| 8 & 4.5 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | Two codecs concatenated | +| 19/PAL(NTSC)-19/PAL(NTSC)-12 Mbit/s | | 422p@ml | PAL or NTSC
3 generations | +| 50-50-...-50 Mbit/s | | 422p@ml | 7th generation with shift/I frame | +| 19-19-12 Mbit/s | | 422p@ml | 3rd generation | +| n/a | | n/a | Multi-generation Betacam
with drop-out
(4 or 5, composite/component) | + +**Table I.2 – Test factors, coding technologies and applications for which the VQM method has not shown the specified accuracy** + +| Bit rate | Resolution | Method | Comments | +|------------|------------|--------|-------------| +| 4.5 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | with errors | +| 3 Mbit/s | | mp@ml | with errors | + +**Table I.3 – Test sequences used to determine test factors, coding technologies and applications for which the VQM has shown the specified accuracy** + +| Sequence | Characteristics | +|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| Balloon-pops | film, saturated colour, movement | +| NewYork 2 | masking effect, movement | +| Mobile&Calendar | available in both formats, colour, movement | +| Betes_pas_betes | colour, synthetic, movement, scene cut | +| Le_point | colour, transparency, movement in all the directions | +| Autumn_leaves | colour, landscape, zooming, waterfall movement | +| Football | colour, movement | +| Sailboat | almost still | +| Susie | skin colour | +| Tempete | colour, movement | + +# Appendix II + +## MATLAB Source Code + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +Below is a MATLAB subroutine called `vqm_accuracy.m`. This version scales the subjective data to $[0, 1]$ , applies a polynomial fit of the objective to the scaled subjective data, calculates all the metrics, and plots the VQM frequencies of 'False Tie', 'False Differentiation', 'False Ranking', and 'Correct Decision'. It is sufficient to have Version 5.3.1 of MATLAB (1999) with the Statistics and Optimization toolboxes that are available separately. Software can also be developed that does not use either toolbox. The present code is intended as an illustrative example, and does not include all possible options and fitting functions. + +Usage: At the matlab prompt, for VQM r0 type: + +``` +>load r0.dat +``` + +``` +>vqm_accuracy(r0,-1,0,100,2) +``` + +For VQM r2, type: + +``` +>load r2.dat +``` + +``` +>vqm_accuracy(r2,1,0,100,2) +``` + +Here, `r0.dat` and `r2.dat` are text files that contain a subset of the VQEG 525-line data. Each line in this file corresponds to a situation, and comprises an SRC number, an HRC number, VQM score, number of viewings, mean subjective score, and subjective-score variance. Once the `r0` and `r2.dat` files are loaded, either form of `vqm_accuracy` may be run again. + +In the first calling argument of `vqm_accuracy`, `r0` corresponds to the PSNR model in TR A3, and `r2` corresponds to the PQR model in TR A4. The second argument is 1 if the objective metric indicates worse image quality when it is larger, else the argument is $-1$ . The third and fourth arguments are the nominal best and worst ratings on the native subjective scale. The final argument is the order of the polynomial to which the VQM is fit. + +Source Code: + +``` +function vqm_accuracy (data_in, vqm_sign, best, worst, order) +% MATLAB function vqm_accuracy (data_in, vqm_sign, best, worst, order) +% +% Each row of the input data matrix data_in must be organized as +% [src_id hrc_id vqm num_view mos variance], where +% +% src_id is the scene number +% hrc_id is the hypothetical reference circuit number +% vqm is the video quality metric score for this src_id x hrc_id +% num_view is the number of viewers that rated this src_id x hrc_id +% mos is the mean opinion score of this src_id x hrc_id +% variance is the variance of this src_id x hrc_id +% +% The total number of src x hrc combinations is size(data_in,1). +% +% vqm_sign = 1 or -1 and gives the direction of vqm with respect to +% the common subjective scale. For instance, since "0" is +% no impairment and "1" is maximum impairment on the common +% scale, vqm_sign would be -1 for PSNR since higher values +% of PSNR imply better quality (i.e., this is opposite to +% the common subjective scale). +``` + +``` + +% +% mos and variance will be linarly scaled such that +% best is scaled to zero (i.e., the best subjective rating) +% worst is scaled to one (i.e., the worst subjective rating) +% +% order is the order of the polynomial fit used to map the objective data +% to the scaled subjective data (e.g., order = 1 is a linear fit). +% + +% Number of src x hrc combinations +num_comb = size(data_in,1); + +% Pick off the vectors we will use from data_in +vqm = data_in(:,3); +num_view = data_in(:,4); +mos = data_in(:,5); +variance = data_in(:,6); + +% Scale the subjective data for [0,1] +mos = (mos-best)./(worst-best); +variance = variance./((worst-best)^2); + +% Use long format for more decimal places in printouts +format('long'); + +% Fit the objective data to the scaled subjective data. +% Following code implements monotonic polynomial fitting using optimization +% toolbox routine lsqlin. +% +% Create x and dx arrays. For the dx slope array (holds the derivatives of +% mos with respect to vqm), the vqm_sign specifies the direction of the slope +% that must not change over the vqm range. +x = ones(num_comb,1); +dx = zeros(num_comb,1); +for col = 1:order + x = [x vqm.^col]; + dx = [dx col*vqm.^(col-1)]; +end +% The lsqlin routine uses <= inequalities. Thus, if vqm_sign is -1 (negative +% slope), we are correct but if vqm_sign is +1 (positive slope), we must +% multiple each side by -1. +if (vqm_sign == 1) + dx = -1*dx; +end +fit = lsqlin(x,mos,dx,zeros(num_comb,1)); +fit = flipud(fit)' % organize this fit same as what is output by polyfit + +% vqm fitted to mos +vqm_hat = polyval(fit,vqm); + +% Perform the vqm RMSE calculation using vqm_hat. +vqm_rmse = (sum((vqm_hat-mos).^2)/(num_comb-(order+1)))^0.5 + +% Perform the vqm resolution measurement on both vqm and vqm_hat. +vqm_pairs = repmat(vqm,1,num_comb)-repmat(vqm',num_comb,1); +vqm_hat_pairs = repmat(vqm_hat,1,num_comb)-repmat(vqm_hat',num_comb,1); +mos_pairs = repmat(mos,1,num_comb)-repmat(mos',num_comb,1); +stand_err_diff = sqrt(repmat(variance./num_view,1,num_comb)+ ... + repmat((variance./num_view)',num_comb,1)); +z_pairs = mos_pairs./stand_err_diff; + +% Include everything above the diagonal. +delta_vqm = []; +delta_vqm_hat = []; + +``` + +``` + +z = []; +for col = 2:num_comb + delta_vqm = [delta_vqm; vqm_pairs(1:col-1,col)]; + delta_vqm_hat = [delta_vqm_hat; vqm_hat_pairs(1:col-1,col)]; + z = [z; z_pairs(1:col-1,col)]; +end + +% Switch on z and delta_vqm for negative delta_vqm +z_vqm = z; +negs_vqm = find(delta_vqm < 0); +delta_vqm(negs_vqm) = -delta_vqm(negs_vqm); +z_vqm(negs_vqm) = -z_vqm(negs_vqm); + +z_vqm_hat = z; +negs_vqm_hat = find(delta_vqm_hat < 0); +delta_vqm_hat(negs_vqm_hat) = -delta_vqm_hat(negs_vqm_hat); +z_vqm_hat(negs_vqm_hat) = -z_vqm_hat(negs_vqm_hat); + +% Plot scatter plot of z_vqm versus delta_vqm in figure 1. +% Plot scatter plot of z_vqm_hat versus delta_vqm_hat in figure 2. +figure(1) +plot(delta_vqm,z_vqm,'.', 'markersize',1) +set(gca,'LineWidth',1) +set(gca,'FontName','Ariel') +set(gca,'fontsize',12) +xlabel('Delta VQM') +ylabel('Subjective Z Score') +grid on +print -dpng figure1 + +figure(2) +plot(delta_vqm_hat,z_vqm_hat,'.', 'markersize',1) +set(gca,'LineWidth',1) +set(gca,'FontName','Ariel') +set(gca,'fontsize',12) +xlabel('Delta VQM Hat') +ylabel('Subjective Z Score') +grid on +print -dpng figure2 + +% Plot average confidence that vqm(2) is worse than vqm(1) in figure 3. +% Plot average confidence that vqm_hat(2) is worse than vqm_hat(1) in +% figure 4. These are the resolving power plots. +% +% One control parameter for delta_vqm resolution plot; number of vqm bins +% equally spaced from min(delta_vqm) to max(delta_vqm). +% Sliding neighborhood filter with 50% overlap means that there will actually +% be vqm_bins*2-1 points on the delta_vqm resolution plot. +cdf_z_vqm = .5+erf(z_vqm/sqrt(2))/2; +cdf_z_vqm_hat = .5+erf(z_vqm_hat/sqrt(2))/2; + +vqm_bins = 10; % How many bins to divide full vqm range for local averaging +vqm_low = min(delta_vqm); % lower limit on delta_vqm +vqm_high = max(delta_vqm); % upper limit on delta_vqm +vqm_step = (vqm_high-vqm_low)/vqm_bins; % size of delta_vqm bins + +vqm_hat_low = min(delta_vqm_hat); +vqm_hat_high = max(delta_vqm_hat); +vqm_hat_step = (vqm_hat_high-vqm_hat_low)/vqm_bins; + +% lower, upper, and center bin locations +low_limits = [vqm_low:vqm_step/2:vqm_high-vqm_step]; +high_limits = [vqm_low+vqm_step:vqm_step/2:vqm_high]; +centers = [vqm_low+vqm_step/2:vqm_step/2:vqm_high-vqm_step/2]; + +``` + +``` + +hat_low_limits = [vqm_hat_low:vqm_hat_step/2:vqm_hat_high-vqm_hat_step]; +hat_high_limits = [vqm_hat_low+vqm_hat_step:vqm_hat_step/2:vqm_hat_high]; +hat_centers = [vqm_hat_low+vqm_hat_step/2:vqm_hat_step/2: ... + vqm_hat_high-vqm_hat_step/2]; + +mean_cdf_z_vqm = zeros(1,2*vqm_bins-1); +mean_cdf_z_vqm_hat = zeros(1,2*vqm_bins-1); +for i=1:2*vqm_bins-1 + in_bin = find(low_limits(i) <= delta_vqm & delta_vqm < high_limits(i)); + hat_in_bin = find(hat_low_limits(i) <= delta_vqm_hat & ... + delta_vqm_hat < hat_high_limits(i)); + mean_cdf_z_vqm(i) = mean(cdf_z_vqm(in_bin)); + mean_cdf_z_vqm_hat(i) = mean(cdf_z_vqm_hat(hat_in_bin)); +end + +% The x-axis is vqm(2)-vqm(1). For figure 3 (the vqm plot), if vqm_sign is +% 1, then the Y-axis is the average confidence that vqm(2) is worse than +% vqm(1). On the other hand, if vqm_sign is -1, then the Y-axis is the +% average confidence that vqm(1) is worse than vqm(2). Figure 4 is the plot +% for vqm_hat, and since it always has the same sign as mos, the Y-axis is +% always the average confidence that vqm_hat(2) is worse than vqm_hat(1). +if (vqm_sign == 1) + figure(3) + % VQM resolving power + plot(centers,mean_cdf_z_vqm) + grid + set(gca,'LineWidth',1) + set(gca,'FontName','Ariel') + set(gca,'fontsize',11) + xlabel('VQM(2)-VQM(1)') + ylabel('Average Confidence VQM(2) is worse than VQM(1)') + print -dpng figure3 +else + figure(3) + % VQM resolving power + plot(centers,1-mean_cdf_z_vqm) + grid + set(gca,'LineWidth',1) + set(gca,'FontName','Ariel') + set(gca,'fontsize',11) + xlabel('VQM(2)-VQM(1)') + ylabel('Average Confidence VQM(1) is worse than VQM(2)') + print -dpng figure3 +end + +figure(4) +% VQM Hat resolving power. +plot(hat_centers,mean_cdf_z_vqm_hat) +grid +set(gca,'LineWidth',1) +set(gca,'FontName','Ariel') +set(gca,'fontsize',11) +xlabel('VQM Hat(2) - VQM Hat(1)') +ylabel('Average Confidence VQM Hat(2) is worse than VQM Hat(1)') +print -dpng figure4 + +% This portion of the code calculates and plots the relative frequencies of +% three types of classification errors. A classification error is made when +% the subjective test and the VQM lead to different conclusions on a pair +% of data points. +% +% Background: For any subjective test, one must set a threshold that will +% determine when two results are statistically equivalent, and when they are + +``` + +``` + +% statistically distinguishable. Then for each pair of data points (A,B), +% the subjective test can yield one of three possible outcomes: (1) A better +% than B, (2) A same as B, and (3) A worse than B. +% +% If we define a similar threshold for VQM values, we have the same +% situation. For each pair of data points, VQM can yield one of three +% possible outcomes: (1) A better than B, (2) A same as B, and (3) A worse +% than B. Since each pair of data points undergoes three-way classification +% by the subjective test and three-way classification by the VQM, there are +% nine possible outcomes. For three of these outcomes, the subjective test +% and the VQM agree. If we take the subjective test to be correct by +% definition, and the VQM to be under test, then we say that for these three +% outcomes, the VQM is correct. In two other cases the VQM has committed the +% "false-tie" error (subjective test says A better than B, or A worse than B, +% but VQM says A same as B). In two other cases the VQM has committed the +% "false differentiation" error (subjective test says A same as B, but VQM +% says A better than B, or A worse than B.) Finally, there are two cases +% where the VQM has performed a false ranking (subjective test says A better +% than B, or A worse than B, but VQM says the opposite.) Thus, all nine +% outcomes are accounted for. Note that a three by three grid in +% (delta_vqm, subjective Z score) space describing the above could be drawn. +% +% In the code below, the threshold used for the subjective test is subj_th. +% The threshold used for the delta VQM is vqm_th and this is left as a free +% parameter. The code plots the frequency of occurrence for the three +% different kinds of errors and for no error vs. vqm_th. An optimal value of +% vqm_th might be one that maximizes the frequency of occurrence of no error, +% or one that minimizes a cost-weighted sum of the errors. Note that in +% general, it is likely that false ties will be the least offensive error, +% false differentiations will be more offensive, and false rankings will be +% the worst sort of error. +% +% For more details, see S. Voran, "Techniques for Comparing Objective and +% Subjective Speech Quality Tests," Proceedings of the Speech Quality +% Assessment Workshop, Bochum, Germany, November 1994. +% +% Note: The nine outcomes and the three by three grid in (delta_vqm, +% subjective Z score) space is the most natural way to describe this +% analysis. This assumes bipolar values for delta_vqm. But the code has +% already taken the absolute value of delta_vqm (and replaced Z with -Z for +% all points with negative values of delta_vqm). This does not change the +% math, but the more natural description of the situation is now 6 outcomes +% and a 2 by 3 grid. Two correct outcomes (A better than B and A worse +% than B) have been folded on top of each other. There are still two false +% tie outcomes, but only one false differentiation outcome and one false +% ranking outcome. + +% Figure 5 is the plot for vqm and figure 6 is the plot for vqm_hat. +subj_th = 1.6; % 95 percent confidence +num_th = 50; % number of delta_vqm thresholds to examine +vqm_th_list = [vqm_low:(vqm_high-vqm_low)/num_th:vqm_high]; +vqm_hat_th_list = [vqm_hat_low:(vqm_hat_high-vqm_hat_low)/num_th: ... + vqm_hat_high]; +rel_freqs = zeros(vqm_bins+1,4); +rel_hat_freqs = zeros(vqm_bins+1,4); +for i = 1:num_th+1 + vqm_th = vqm_th_list(i); + vqm_hat_th = vqm_hat_th_list(i); + % Number of data points in the false tie region + rel_freqs(i,1) = length(find((delta_vqm < vqm_th) & ... + (subj_th <= abs(z_vqm))))); + rel_hat_freqs(i,1) = length(find((delta_vqm_hat < vqm_hat_th) & ... + (subj_th <= abs(z_vqm_hat))))); + % Number of data points in the false differentiation region + +``` + +``` + +rel_freqs(i,2) = length(find((vqm_th <= delta_vqm) & ... + (abs(z_vqm) < subj_th))); +rel_hat_freqs(i,2) = length(find((vqm_hat_th <= delta_vqm_hat) & ... + (abs(z_vqm_hat) < subj_th))); +% Number of data points in the false ranking region +if (vqm_sign == 1) + rel_freqs(i,3) = length(find((vqm_th <= delta_vqm) & ... + (z_vqm <= -subj_th))); +else + rel_freqs(i,3) = length(find((vqm_th <= delta_vqm) & ... + (z_vqm >= subj_th))); +end +rel_hat_freqs(i,3) = length(find((vqm_hat_th <= delta_vqm_hat) & ... + (z_vqm_hat <= -subj_th))); +end +% Normalize counts by total number of points to get relative frequencies +rel_freqs = rel_freqs/length(z_vqm); +rel_hat_freqs = rel_hat_freqs/length(z_vqm_hat); +% Calculate relative frequency of correctness +rel_freqs(:,4) = (1-sum(rel_freqs(:,1:3)))'; +rel_hat_freqs(:,4) = (1-sum(rel_hat_freqs(:,1:3)))'; + +% Figure 5 is plot for vqm and figure 6 is plot for vqm_hat. +figure(5) +% VQM Subjective Classification Errors +plot(vqm_th_list,rel_freqs(:,1),'m-.', vqm_th_list,rel_freqs(:,2),'r:', ... + vqm_th_list,rel_freqs(:,3),'k-',vqm_th_list,rel_freqs(:,4),'b--'); +grid +set(gca,'LineWidth',1) +set(gca,'FontName','Ariel') +set(gca,'fontsize',12) +xlabel('Delta VQM Significance Threshold') +ylabel('Relative Frequencies') +legend('False Tie','False Differentiation','False Ranking','Correct Decision') +print -dpng figure5 + +figure(6) +% VQM Hat Subjective Classification Errors +plot(vqm_hat_th_list,rel_hat_freqs(:,1),'m-.', ... + vqm_hat_th_list,rel_hat_freqs(:,2),'r:', ... + vqm_hat_th_list,rel_hat_freqs(:,3),'k-', ... + vqm_hat_th_list,rel_hat_freqs(:,4),'b--'); +grid +set(gca,'LineWidth',1) +set(gca,'FontName','Ariel') +set(gca,'fontsize',12) +xlabel('Delta VQM Hat Significance Threshold') +ylabel('Relative Frequencies') +legend('False Tie','False Differentiation','False Ranking','Correct Decision') +print -dpng figure6 + +``` + +# Appendix III + +## Data-fitting to a common scale of VQM + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +As discussed in clause 4.2, the objective VQM data ( $O_i$ ) are mapped to a new domain $\hat{O}_i = F(O_i)$ . This domain is derived by fitting $O_i$ to the scaled subjective data ( $\hat{S}_{i*}$ ) using a family of functions $F$ (with fitting parameters) that have the properties of monotonicity and range mapping noted in clause 4.2. The following are three alternative choices for the form of $F$ , together with notes on data fitting using these functional forms. + +### III.1 Polynomial of order M + +A polynomial that is fit to a set of data points is not guaranteed to be monotonic. The MATLAB optimization toolbox has a function `lsqlin` that ensures monotonicity over the extent of the data. However, monotonicity over the existing data domain does not ensure monotonicity over the entire theoretical domain (for example, 0 to infinity). + +### III.2 Logistic function I + +Fitting the objective VQM data ( $O_i$ ) to the scaled subjective data ( $\hat{S}_{i*}$ ) can be done using a logistic function: + +$$\hat{O}_i = F(O_i) = a + b/\{1 + c(O_i + d)^e\}$$ + +where $a$ , $b$ , $c$ , $d$ , and $e$ are fitting parameters. The fit function must be derived by non-linear least squares4. The part of the function to be used is the monotonic part for $O > -d$ (hence constrain $d > -\min(O)$ ), and the s-curve shape appropriate to the data fit is ensured by constraining $e > 1$ . + +In certain cases, at least asymptotically, the perfect score in the native-scale objective model can be made to map to zero (the best score on the subjective scale), and the worst native-scale objective score possible can be made to map to the worst subjective score (unity, on the Common Scale). For example, consider the following case: *Best objective score is zero, worst objective score is infinite*. Here zero maps to zero and infinity maps to 1, so $a = 1$ and $b = -(1 + cd^e)$ , hence: + +$$F(O_i) = 1 - (1 + cd^e)/\{1 + c(O_i + d)^e\}$$ + +Fitting would take place on $c$ , $d$ , $e$ , subject to $d, e > 0$ . + +### III.3 Logistic function II + +Fitting the objective VQM data ( $O_i$ ) to the scaled subjective data ( $\hat{S}_{i*}$ ) can also be done using a logistic function: + +$$\hat{O}_i = F(O_i) = a + (b-a)/\{1 + \exp[-c(O_i - d)]\}$$ + +--- + +4 Constrained least squares non-linear curve fitting can be performed with the MATLAB function `lsqcurvefit`. + +where $a$ , $b$ , $c$ , and $d$ are fitting parameters, and $c > 0$ (ensured by defining $c = |C|$ for real $C$ ). As with Logistic I, the fit function must be derived by non-linear least squares5. + +One might use this optimization in the case noted in III.2: *Best objective score is zero, worst objective score is infinite*. Here, zero maps to zero and infinity maps to 1, so $a = -\exp[-cd]$ and $b = -a \exp[cd]$ . Hence: + +$$F(O_i) = [1 - \exp(-cO_i)] / [1 + \exp\{c(d - O_i)\}]$$ + +Logistic Function II is also useful in the following case (which could arise when $O_i$ is expressed in logarithmic coordinates such as decibels): *Best objective score is infinite, worst objective score is negative-infinite*. In that case infinity must map to 0, and negative infinity must map to 1. Hence $b = 0$ , $a = 1$ , and: + +$$F(O_i) = 1 / [1 + \exp\{c(O_i - d)\}]$$ + +--- + +5 On p. 28 of the VQEG phase-1 final report (ITU-T Tutorial), the initial values for the parameters were chosen as $a =$ minimum subjective score, $b =$ maximum subjective score, $c = 1$ , and $d =$ mean objective score. A modified version of Logistic Function II was also used that accounted for differences in the variances of the subjective ratings. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-Voran] S. Voran (1994), *Techniques for Comparing Objective and Subjective Speech Quality Tests*, Proceedings of the Speech Quality Assessment Workshop, Bochum, Germany, November. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1613-202512-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1613-202512-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..be8e0137ee5a74875c9ff79c19574d064c3e0a87 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1613-202512-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,447 @@ + + +# Recommendation + +## **ITU-T J.1613 (12/2025)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Artificial intelligence (AI) assisted cable networks – +Requirements for the set-top box + +--- + +## **The capability framework and requirements of cloud gaming smart terminals** + +![ITU logo](84a1d09fb489061482111515543b60dc_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), featuring the letters 'ITU' in blue inside a circular emblem with a globe and network lines. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +### **Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX - PART 2 | J.1290-J.1299 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| CLOUD-BASED SERVICES FOR IP DELIVERY OVER INTEGRATED BROADBAND CABLE NETWORK | J.1310-J.1319 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | +| General requirements for the AI-assisted cable network platform | J.1600-J.1609 | +| Requirements for the set-top box | J.1610-J.1619 | +| Interfaces between the AI-assisted cable network platform and set-top box | J.1620-J.1629 | +| Data models of the communicated data for the AI-assisted cable network platform | J.1630-J.1639 | +| Migration and applications of the AI-assisted cable networks | J.1640-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1613 + +## The capability framework and requirements of cloud gaming smart terminals + +## Summary + +It is necessary to develop a Recommendation to ensure that cloud gaming smart terminals from different manufacturers can work seamlessly with various cloud gaming platforms, providing a consistent user experience across multiple devices. This also helps maintain a high-quality gaming experience for users, regardless of the terminal used. Additionally, a standardized approach simplifies meeting requirements for cloud gaming services across different regions, as it is more likely to gain universal acceptance. + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1613 defines the technical requirements at each layer, ultimately promoting the uniformity and standardization of the capability framework for cloud gaming smart terminals. It also serves as a reference guide for manufacturers. + +Focusing on cable television networks, the Recommendation specifies terminal-side capabilities and requirements to ensure interoperability with cloud gaming service platforms, and complements the existing Recommendation ITU-T J.1311. It supports the uniformity and standardization of cloud gaming terminals within the remit of the ITU-T J-series. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1613 | 2025-12-14 | 21 | 11.1002/1000/16608 | + +## Keywords + +Cloud gaming, smart terminal. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, and information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2026 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Capability framework of cloud gaming smart terminals ..... | 2 | +| 7 Fundamental layer ..... | 3 | +| 7.1 Display configuration requirements ..... | 3 | +| 7.2 Device access requirements..... | 3 | +| 7.3 Information interaction requirements ..... | 3 | +| 7.4 Control interface requirements ..... | 4 | +| 8 Functional layer ..... | 4 | +| 8.1 Audio and video decoding requirements ..... | 5 | +| 8.2 Game image rendering requirements..... | 5 | +| 8.3 Low-latency guarantee requirements ..... | 5 | +| 8.4 Game image quality setting requirements ..... | 5 | +| 9 Interactive experience layer ..... | 5 | +| 9.1 User-terminal interaction requirements ..... | 6 | +| 9.2 User-client interaction requirements ..... | 6 | +| Bibliography..... | 8 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.1613 + +## The capability framework and requirements of cloud gaming smart terminals + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation provides the requirements for the capability framework of cloud gaming smart terminals for televisions based on cable network infrastructure. Cable networks, known for their stability, low latency and high bandwidth, enable cloud gaming smart terminals to deliver high-quality cloud gaming services to users. This Recommendation describes the fundamental capabilities, functional features and interactive experiences that cloud gaming smart terminals need to have, as well as the relevant device requirements for connectivity through the cable network. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a standalone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.1311] Recommendation ITU-T J.1311 (2024), *Technical requirements for cloud gaming service platforms*. + +[ISO/IEC 14496-3] ISO/IEC 14496-3:2019, *Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 3: Audio*. + +[3GPP TR 26.928] 3GPP TR 26.928 V18.0.0 (2023-03), *Extended Reality (XR) in 5G (Release 18)*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following term defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 cloud gaming** [b-ITU-T F.743.17]: A way of playing the game on a cloud server. In the "cloud gaming" mode, game storage, computing, rendering, and so on are completed in the cloud, players can experience high-quality games through any terminal, anytime anywhere. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 user-terminal interaction:** The capability of users to control games via interaction with the cloud gaming smart terminal through input devices (e.g., remote controllers and game controllers), voice, motion or touchscreens. + +**3.2.2 user-client interaction:** The capability of users to manage user information and control games through the cloud gaming client. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------------| +| AAC | Advanced Audio Coding | +| API | Application Programming Interface | +| fps | Frame Per Second | +| HDMI | High-Definition Multimedia Interface | +| HDR | High Dynamic Range | +| USB | Universal Serial Bus | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The phrase "**is required**" indicates a requirement that shall be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformity with this document is to be claimed. + +The phrase "**is recommended**" indicates a requirement that is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement needs not be present to claim conformity. + +In this Recommendation the words shall sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +Requirements are identified using the following conventions: + +- Requirement number xx in subclause n.m is of the form R n.m-xx; +- Recommended requirement number yy in subclause n.m is of the form RR n.m-yy. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words **shall**, **shall not**, **should**, and **may** are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required*, *is prohibited*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative shall be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Capability framework of cloud gaming smart terminals + +The capability framework of cloud gaming smart terminals can be visualized as consisting of three distinct tiers: the fundamental layer, the functional layer and the interactive experience layer, as depicted in Figure 1. Through network connectivity, cloud gaming smart terminals establish a link to the cloud gaming service platforms [ITU-T J.1311]. These terminals receive game visuals that have been rendered on the cloud gaming servers, facilitating user engagement with the game content via various input devices. + +Fundamental layer: the cloud gaming smart terminal provides necessary capabilities such as display configuration, device access, information interaction and control interface to support the operation of the cloud gaming client. + +Functional layer: the cloud gaming smart terminal provides capabilities such as audio and video decoding and game image rendering, as well as low-latency guarantee and game image quality setting. + +Interactive experience layer: the cloud gaming smart terminal provides capabilities, including user-terminal interaction and user-client interaction. + +![Figure 1 – Capability framework of cloud gaming smart terminals. The diagram shows three layers: Interactive experience layer, Functional layer, and Fundamental layer. Each layer is a box containing two columns of capabilities. The Interactive experience layer contains 'User-terminal interaction' and 'User-client interaction'. The Functional layer contains 'Audio and video decoding', 'Game image rendering', 'Game image quality setting', and 'Low-latency guarantee'. The Fundamental layer contains 'Display configuration', 'Control interface', 'Information interaction', and 'Device access'. A small note 'J.1613(25)' is at the bottom right.](ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg) + +| | | | +|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|-------------------------| +| Interactive experience layer | User-terminal interaction | User-client interaction | +| | | | +| Functional layer | Audio and video decoding | Game image rendering | +| | Game image quality setting | Low-latency guarantee | +| Fundamental layer | Display configuration | Control interface | +| | Information interaction | Device access | + +J.1613(25) + +Figure 1 – Capability framework of cloud gaming smart terminals. The diagram shows three layers: Interactive experience layer, Functional layer, and Fundamental layer. Each layer is a box containing two columns of capabilities. The Interactive experience layer contains 'User-terminal interaction' and 'User-client interaction'. The Functional layer contains 'Audio and video decoding', 'Game image rendering', 'Game image quality setting', and 'Low-latency guarantee'. The Fundamental layer contains 'Display configuration', 'Control interface', 'Information interaction', and 'Device access'. A small note 'J.1613(25)' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 1 – Capability framework of cloud gaming smart terminals** + +# 7 Fundamental layer + +The fundamental layer of the cloud gaming smart terminal provides the basic infrastructure and services required to support cloud gaming on the terminal side, including the following capabilities: + +- 1) Display configuration: the ability to present high-quality game images and visual effects. +- 2) Device access: the ability to connect with input devices such as remote controllers and game controllers, ensuring that users can control cloud gaming using various types of input devices. +- 3) Information interaction: the ability to acquire and collect player input, operations and other information, and to interact with players. +- 4) Control interface: the ability to connect to and support various external interfaces, including universal serial buses (USBs), high-definition multimedia interfaces (HDMIs), short-range wireless transmission, infrared and network interfaces. + +## 7.1 Display configuration requirements + +- RR 7.1-01: The resolution is recommended to be not less than 1920 x 1080. +- RR 7.1-02: The refresh rate is recommended to be 50 Hz or higher. +- RR 7.1-03: The terminal is recommended to support high dynamic range (HDR) technology. + +## 7.2 Device access requirements + +- RR 7.2-01: The terminal is recommended to support access via remote controller, game controller and keyboard and mouse via Bluetooth 5.0 or higher, USB or infrared. +- RR 7.2-02: The terminal is recommended to support camera access. The camera should feature a wide angle of more than 160°, have a resolution of no less than 720P and support USB wired transmission or short-range wireless input. Support for AI-based image recognition (e.g., gesture control) is recommended, enabling advanced interaction features. +- RR 7.2-03: The terminal is recommended to support game joysticks, fitness game devices and simulation game devices. + +### 7.3 Information interaction requirements + +- R 7.3-01: The terminal is required to support input and interaction from input devices such as remote controllers. For example, users can control the character's movement in the game through buttons on the remote controller. +- RR 7.3-01: The terminal is recommended to support voice interactions (such as through a microphone), motion controls (like those from a Ring-Con), and touch screen capabilities (for example, on a touch screen TV) to enhance the user experience. For instance, voice + +command input through the microphone can be used to quickly execute in-game commands, or motion-captured gestures from the Ring-Con can simulate physical actions within the game. + +### **7.4 Control interface requirements** + +#### **7.4.1 USB interface** + +- R 7.4.1-01: The terminal is required to have at least one USB interface. +- RR 7.4.1-01: The terminal is recommended to have two or more USB interfaces. +- RR 7.4.1-02: It is recommended that the USB interface complies with USB 2.0 or higher versions. +- RR 7.4.1-03: The terminal is recommended to support external USB cameras and game controllers. + +#### **7.4.2 HDMI interface** + +- R 7.4.2-01: The terminal is required to have at least one HDMI. +- R 7.4.2-02: HDMI is required to be compliant with the following specifications: + - Type-A (female) + - HDMI version 1.4 or above. + +#### **7.4.3 Short-range wireless transmission interface** + +- R-7.4.3-01: The interface is required to comply with Bluetooth 5.0 or higher versions, or other short-range wireless transmission technologies of equivalent capability. +- RR-7.4.3-01: The interface is recommended to have the capability to connect with multiple devices simultaneously. + +#### **7.4.4 Infrared interface** + +- R-7.4.4-01: The infrared interface is required to support universal infrared remote controllers and multiple device connections. + +#### **7.4.5 Network interface** + +- RR-7.4.5-01: The network interface is recommended to support wireless networks compliant with IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac standards. +- RR-7.4.5-02: For wired networks, it is recommended that the network interface is equipped with RJ45 100Base-T or a higher speed one. + +# **8 Functional layer** + +The functional layer of the cloud gaming smart terminal includes the following capabilities: + +- 1) Audio and video decoding: The ability to decode cloud gaming audio and video streams, supporting multiple audio and video formats and frame rates. +- 2) Game image rendering: The ability to render the decoded cloud gaming images onto the display screen of the terminal. +- 3) Low-latency guarantee: The ability to ensure low decoding delay and roundtrip interaction delay [3GPP TR 26.928] during the operation of cloud gaming. +- 4) Game image quality setting: The ability to set the image quality of cloud gaming images by the terminal when they are output to the display screen. + +### 8.1 Audio and video decoding requirements + +- R-8.1-01: The audio decoding is required to support advanced audio coding (AAC) as specified in [ISO/IEC 14496-3]. +- R-8.1-02: The video decoding is required to support H.264 [b-ITU-T H.264]. +- R-8.1-03: The video decoding is required to support a minimum hardware decoding capability of 1080P at 30 fps. +- RR-8.1-01: The video decoding is recommended to support 1080P at 50/60 fps. +- RR-8.1-02: It is recommended that the decoder supports a low-latency mode, which enables the playback of streams with only I-frames and P-frames in a frame-in-frame-out manner. +- RR-8.1-03: The audio decoding is recommended to support Opus, as specified in [b-IETF RFC 6716]. + +### 8.2 Game image rendering requirements + +- R-8.2-01: The game image rendering is required to meet at least the image output requirement of 1080P at 30 fps. +- RR-8.2-01: The game image rendering is recommended to support general-purpose game engines so as to achieve seamless adaptation between the output of the cloud-based engine and the terminal display. +- RR-8.2-02: The game image rendering is recommended to support the general-purpose embedded graphics application programming interfaces (APIs) and cross-platform high-performance graphics APIs, ensuring game visuals can be accurately processed and rendered. +- RR-8.2-03: The game image rendering is recommended to support basic game special effects, such as lighting and shadow effects and texture mapping. + +### 8.3 Low-latency guarantee requirements + +- RR-8.3-01: To ensure stable cloud gaming operation, the roundtrip interaction delay is recommended to be less than 150 milliseconds, with further optimization to under the 100 milliseconds recommended for superior interaction smoothness. +- RR-8.3-02: At a decoding frame rate of 30 fps, the decoding delay is recommended to be less than 20 milliseconds, and for an enhanced user experience, a lower latency target of under 10 milliseconds is recommended. +- RR-8.3-03: At a decoding frame rate of 50/60 fps, the decoding delay is recommended to be less than 10 milliseconds, and for an enhanced user experience, a lower latency target of under 5 milliseconds is recommended. + +### 8.4 Game image quality setting requirements + +- R-8.4-01: The game image quality setting is required to support the adaptive display quality setting for different game scenes, encompassing adjustments such as brightness, contrast, colour saturation and backlight brightness. +- R-8.4-02: The game image quality setting is required not to involve frame buffer, to ensure the minimization of any associated delays. + +# 9 Interactive experience layer + +The user-terminal interaction includes the following capabilities: + +- 1) Device manipulation: Users use specific input devices to control games, including remote controller and game controller operation. +- 2) Voice control: Users perform game operations through voice commands. + +- 3) Motion control: Users use sensor technology or visual technology to capture their own body movements for controlling games. +- 4) Touch interaction: Users directly touch, click or swipe on the screen to control games. + +The user-client interaction capability includes the following capabilities: + +- 1) User information management: The cloud gaming client can manage and maintain user information, including user account management, user personal information management and user game data management. +- 2) User payment management: The cloud gaming client can manage and maintain user payment capabilities, including transaction record management and payment preference settings. +- 3) Game selection: The cloud gaming client provides users with the ability to browse game lists, search for games and select games. +- 4) Game operation: The cloud gaming client provides users with the ability to start, operate and save games. + +### **9.1 User-terminal interaction requirements** + +#### **9.1.1 Device manipulation requirements** + +- R-9.1.1-01: The remote controller operation is required to support four-directional keys for up, down, left and right movements with a confirmation control, as well as other basic gaming controls. +- R-9.1.1-02: The game control operation is required to support the simultaneous connection of one or multiple controllers and communication through XInput and DirectInput protocols, as well as both wired and wireless connection methods. + +#### **9.1.2 Voice control requirements** + +- RR-9.1.2-01: The voice control is recommended to support voice activation or activation via a remote controller voice key. +- RR-9.1.2-02: The voice control is recommended to support common voice interaction functions, including starting games, adjusting volume and searching for games. +- RR-9.1.2-03: The voice control is recommended to ensure rapid voice recognition and command response for efficient operation. + +#### **9.1.3 Motion control requirements** + +- R-9.1.3-01: The motion control is required to support the use of gyroscopes or visual technology to achieve game control. +- RR-9.1.3-02: The motion control is recommended to support user-defined settings, such as adjusting the control sensitivity and trigger threshold. + +#### **9.1.4 Touch interaction requirements** + +- RR-9.1.4-01: It is recommended that the touch interaction support operations such as tap, double-tap, swipe and pinch. + +### **9.2 User-client interaction requirements** + +#### **9.2.1 User information management requirements** + +- R-9.2.1-01: The user information management is required to support user registration and login, account cancellation and password modification. +- R-9.2.1-02: The user information management is required to support user-defined settings, such as character image selection and nickname modification. + +- RR-9.2.1-01: The user information management capability is recommended to support user query of gameplay data, such as playtime and achievement information. + +#### **9.2.2 User payment management requirements** + +- R-9.2.2-01: The user payment management is required to support payment through its own channels or third-party channels. +- RR-9.2.2-01: The user payment management is recommended to support consulting historical payment records. + +#### **9.2.3 Game selection requirements** + +- R-9.2.3-01: The game selection is required to provide a game list so that players can browse games conveniently. +- R-9.2.3-02: The game selection is required to support the game search so that players can search for games according to game names, keywords or game types. +- RR-9.2.3-01: The game selection is recommended to support game classification so that players can select games according to different classification methods, including game types, recommended games, popular games and new games. + +#### **9.2.4 Game operation requirements** + +- R-9.2.4-01: The game operation is required to support users to start and close games. +- R-9.2.4-02: The game operation is required to support user selection of game control methods. +- RR-9.2.4-01: The game operation is recommended to support saving, loading and deleting game saves. + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T F.743.17] Recommendation ITU-T F.743.17 (2022), *Requirements for cloud gaming systems*. +- [b-ITU-T H.264] Recommendation ITU-T H.264 (V15) (2024), *Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services*. +- [b-IETF RFC 6716] IETF RFC 6716 (2012), *Definition of the Opus Audio Codec*. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.1630-202406-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1630-202406-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8d05e976db55099b99ceb3ff2c33e0593cccebfe --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.1630-202406-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1489 @@ + + +# Recommendation**ITU-T J.1630 (06/2024)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Artificial intelligence (AI) assisted cable networks – Data models of the communicated data for the AI-assisted cable network platform + +--- + +### **End-to-end network characteristics requirement for video services over integrated broadband cable network** + +![ITU logo](0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), featuring the letters 'ITU' in blue inside a circle with a globe-like grid pattern. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +## Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.150-J.159 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.180-J.189 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.190-J.199 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.200-J.209 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.210-J.229 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.230-J.239 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.250-J.259 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.260-J.279 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.290-J.299 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.300-J.309 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.310-J.319 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.320-J.329 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.330-J.339 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.340-J.349 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.350-J.359 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.360-J.379 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.380-J.389 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.390-J.399 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.400-J.409 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.410-J.419 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.420-J.429 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.430-J.439 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX - PART 2 | J.440-J.449 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.450-J.459 | +| CLOUD-BASED SERVICES FOR IP DELIVERY OVER INTEGRATED BROADBAND CABLE NETWORK | J.460-J.479 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.480-J.489 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | +| General requirements for the AI-assisted cable network platform | J.1600-J.1609 | +| Requirements for the set-top box | J.1610-J.1619 | +| Interfaces between the AI-assisted cable network platform and set-top box | J.1620-J.1629 | +| Data models of the communicated data for the AI-assisted cable network platform | J.1630-J.1639 | +| Migration and applications of the AI-assisted cable networks | J.1640-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.1630** + +# **End-to-end network characteristics requirement for video services over integrated broadband cable network** + +# **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.1630, describes the scope of key performance indicators (KPIs) for network performance and key quality indicators (KQIs) for user experience with traditional and advanced video services. This Recommendation also defines the measurement and monitoring methods. Such key performance indicators (KPI) as well as their monitoring and management can be used for multi-QoS optimization thus enabling artificial intelligence (AI) functions over integrated broadband cable network. + +This Recommendation belongs to the series of AI assisted cable network Recommendations intended to provide more flexible and effective usage of network resources by applying intellectual functions. + +At the time of drafting of this Recommendation this series additionally includes the following Recommendations: + +- Recommendation ITU-T J.1600: This document specifies the framework of the premium cable network platform (PCNP) for cable TV and broadband network that exploit cloud based artificial intelligence (AI) and network data to optimize network and TV services, thus enabling the high satisfaction of user's experience of perceptual aspects of services. +- Recommendation ITU-T J.1611: This document specifies functional requirements for a smart home gateway from both the hardware and software point of view to ensure secure interoperability among consumers, businesses and industries by delivering a standardized communications platform and allowing devices to communicate across operating systems, service providers, transport technologies or ecosystems. In a smart home solution, a gateway is incorporated to connect various appliances. In addition, a connection management platform based on the Internet of things (IoT) is required to enable various applications. These applicable solutions include home health, entertainment, security and home automation, which promote a safer, happier, as well as a more comfortable and convenient lifestyle. +- Recommendation ITU-T J.1612 aims to define the architecture for a smart home gateway (SHGW) which addresses the functional requirements found in Recommendation ITU-T J.1611. This Recommendation consists of concepts of a virtual device model, dynamic device profile and other important software modules. With the introduction of these important modules, the architecture can dynamically support existing smart home devices and devices in the future. Smart home is one example of a home automation system in which a wide range of IoT devices in a home cooperate to provide intelligent controlling and monitoring functions for home users. Smart home gateway connects various smart home devices, provides hardware interfaces of various smart home communication protocols, runs communication protocols, performs protocol conversion and bridging, and realizes the interaction between the user control terminal and cloud server. +- Recommendation ITU-T J.1631 describes functional requirements of the end-to-end (E2E) network platform to deliver 360°/virtual reality (VR) video services from the video cloud to terminal devices over integrated broadband cable networks. Cloud VR is a new cloud computing technology for VR services. With fast and stable transport networks, VR contents are stored and rendered in the cloud. Audiovisual contents are encoded, compressed and transmitted to user terminals. This Recommendation specifies the network requirements of cloud VR services. + +## History\* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.1630 | 2024-06-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/15972 | + +## Keywords + +Artificial intelligence, jitter, KPI, KQI, MPEG, packet loss, video quality. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2024 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 3 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 4 | +| 6 | Key performance indicators (KPI)..... | 5 | +| 6.1 | Video services ..... | 5 | +| 6.2 | AR/VR services ..... | 10 | +| 6.3 | Multi-view video services ..... | 12 | +| 7 | Key quality indicators (KQIs) ..... | 12 | +| 8 | Monitoring and measurement..... | 14 | +| | Appendix I – Measurement guidelines for KPI estimation..... | 15 | +| I.1 | Scope ..... | 15 | +| I.2 | General concept of measurement ..... | 15 | +| I.3 | Measurement of bandwidth influence ..... | 20 | +| I.4 | Measurement of IP packet loss influence..... | 22 | +| I.5 | Measurement of IP packet jitter influence..... | 23 | +| | Appendix II – KQI estimation guidelines ..... | 24 | +| II.1 | General approach to KQI measurement ..... | 24 | +| II.2 | Guidelines for KQI measurement management ..... | 25 | +| | Appendix III – Example of packet loss estimation ..... | 31 | +| | Appendix IV – Example of packet duplication estimation ..... | 41 | +| | Appendix V – Example of IP packet jitter estimation ..... | 44 | +| | Appendix VI – Example of network requirements of cloud VR according to
Recommendation ITU-T J.1631 ..... | 46 | +| VI.1 | Example of E2E network real-time transmission (RTT) requirements of
cloud VR..... | 46 | +| VI.2 | Example of network delay jitter requirements of cloud VR..... | 46 | +| VI.3 | Example of network bandwidth requirements of cloud VR..... | 46 | +| VI.4 | Example of network packet loss requirements of cloud VR ..... | 47 | +| | Bibliography..... | 48 | + +# Introduction + +From a biological perspective there are about 100 000 nerve cells in the ear while there are more than 120 million nerve cells in the eye, which is 1 200 times that of the ear. This huge gap in the number of nerve cells is reflected in the gap in the amount of external information processed. To paraphrase the saying "A picture is worth a thousand words and video can be used to convey so much more". The eye is the most important way for humans to perceive the world, so video may be considered a rigid requirement of consumers. + +From the perspective of communication, the ear is the entrance to auditory perception, connecting the era of speech while the eye is the entrance to visual perception, connecting the era of video. In the digital era, just 64 kbit/s of network bandwidth is required to deliver clear vocal communication. High-definition video however requires more than 10 Mbit/s of network bandwidth. Today audio has been developed to the extreme and 22.2 Hz immersive audio has reached the limits of human hearing; video however ranges from black and white to colour, from standard definition to high definition, from 4 K to 8 K, and also comprises augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and certainly further developments in the future. Video services demand is still a long way from being satisfied. In the current information explosion era, video is the main carrier of information, and video demand has become a global, universal demand. + +High-definition video will be ubiquitous in the future. Consumers' evaluations of the quality of the broadband network will gradually shift from concern with the original voice quality and the Internet speed to the video viewing experience. Building a core network with a quality video experience is an issue that operators must address in order to enhance their brand influence and market competitiveness, so as to achieve sustainable business success. + +How is the network performance and video viewing experience to be evaluated? Different video services (4K, 8K, VR, AR, etc.) have different network performance requirements which are evaluated by network key performance indicators (KPIs). Also, different video services for user experience have different quality requirements to be evaluated by service key quality indicators (KQIs). In this Recommendation, the scope of KPIs for network performance and KQIs for user experience will be described, and the measurement and monitoring methods will be defined. + + + +## End-to-end network characteristics requirement for video services over integrated broadband cable network + +# 1 Scope + +In this Recommendation, the scope of key performance indicators (KPIs) for cable integrated broadband network performance and key quality indicators (KQIs) for user experience for traditional video services such as Internet protocol television (IPTV) and Internet video and advanced video services such as augmented reality (AR), cloud virtual reality (VR) video and multi-view video, etc., are described, and the measurement and monitoring methods are defined. + +This Recommendation provides a framework for defining video service requirements based on a KPIs and KQIs approach when cable or hybrid networks are used for distribution of television and sound programmes and advanced content delivery. Such services include video services, encompassing both traditional video services such as IPTV and Internet video, as well as cutting-edge video applications such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) in the cloud, and multi-view video (MV). + +These KPIs will play a crucial role in quantifying and assessing the efficiency, reliability, and capacity of these networks to support advanced video services. Also, their monitoring and measurement provide the possibility to multi-QoS optimization thus enabling optimization of network performance and more flexible/adaptive usage of network resources for conventional and advanced video services such as AR, VR, etc. Such key performance indicators (KPI) as well as their monitoring and management can be used for multi-QoS optimization thus enabling AI functions over integrated broadband cable network. + +In addition, this Recommendation will delve into the intricacies of key quality indicators (KQIs) related to user experience when accessing a wide range of video services. The goal is to define KQIs that adequately reflect the varying demands and expectations of users engaging with these services. + +This Recommendation will also provide detailed measurement and monitoring methods, offering a comprehensive framework for assessing the performance and quality of experience for video services. The methods will be designed to accommodate the specific needs and characteristics of each type of video service, ensuring that cable or hybrid networks for distribution of television and sound programmes can meet the demands of today's diverse and rapidly evolving video landscape, while enhancing the user experience across the board. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T G.1035] Recommendation ITU-T G.1035 (2021), *Influencing factors on quality of experience for virtual reality services*. +- [ITU-T G.1036] Recommendation ITU-T G.1036 (2022), *Quality of experience influencing factors for augmented reality services*. +- [ITU-T G.1082] Recommendation ITU-T G.1082 (2009), *Measurement-based methods for improving the robustness of IPTV performance*. + +- [ITU-T J.144] Recommendation ITU-T J.144 (2004), *Objective perceptual video quality measurement techniques for digital cable television in the presence of a full reference*. +- [ITU-T J.241] Recommendation ITU-T J.241 (2005), *Quality of service ranking and measurement methods for digital video services delivered over broadband IP networks*. +- [ITU-T J.341] Recommendation ITU-T J.341 (2016), *Objective perceptual multimedia video quality measurement of HDTV for digital cable television in the presence of a full reference*. +- [ITU-T J.1631] Recommendation ITU-T J.1631 (2021), *Functional requirements of E2E network platforms to enhance the delivery of cloud-VR services over integrated broadband cable networks*. +- [ITU-T P.1201] Recommendation ITU-T P.1201 (2012), *Parametric non-intrusive assessment of audiovisual media streaming quality*. +- [ITU-T P.1202] Recommendation ITU-T P.1201 (2012), *Parametric non-intrusive bitstream assessment of video media streaming quality*. +- [ITU-T P.1204.4] Recommendation ITU-T P.1204.4 (2022), *Video quality assessment of streaming services over reliable transport for resolutions up to 4K with access to full and reduced reference pixel information*. +- [ETSI ES 202 765-4] ETSI ES 202 765-4 V1.2.1 (2014), *Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); QoS and network performance metrics and measurement methods; Part 4: Indicators for supervision of Multiplay services*. +- [ETSI GS F5G 005] ETSI GS F5G 005 V1.1.1 (2022), *Fifth Generation Fixed Network (F5G) F5G High-Quality Service Experience Factors Release #1*. +- [ETSI TR 101 578] ETSI TR 101 578 V1.3.1 (2018), *Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); QoS aspects of TCP-based video services like YouTube™*. +- [ETSI TS 103 222-2] ETSI TS 103 222-2 V1.2.1 (2019), *Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); Reference benchmarking, background traffic profiles and KPIs; Part 2: Reference benchmarking and KPIs for High speed internet*. +- [ETSI TS 103 222-4] ETSI TS 103 222-4 V1.1.1 (2015), *Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); Reference benchmarking, background traffic profiles and KPIs; Part 4: Reference benchmarking for IPTV, Web TV and RCS-e Video Share*. +- [ETSI TS 122 105] ETSI TS 122 105 V15.0.0 (2018), *Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Services and service capabilities (3GPP TS 22.105 version 15.0.0 Release 15)*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 augmented reality (AR)** [b-ITU-T J.301]: A type of mixed reality where graphical elements are integrated into the real world in order to enhance user experience and enrich information. + +**3.1.2 group of pictures (GOP)** [b-ITU-T G.1080]: The group of pictures is a group of successive pictures within a MPEG-coded film and/or video stream. Each MPEG-coded film and/or video stream consists of successive GOPs. From the MPEG pictures contained in it, the visible frames are generated. + +**3.1.3 immersion** [ITU-T G.1035]: A psychological state characterized by perceiving oneself to be enveloped by, included in, and interacting with an environment that provides a continuous stream of stimuli and experiences. + +**3.1.4 jitter** [b-ITU-T G.1050]: Variation in packet delay. + +**3.1.5 key performance indicator (KPI)** [b-ISO/IEC 30134-1]: Indicator representing the resource usage effectiveness or efficiency of a given system. + +**3.1.6 latency** [b-ITU-T G.1050]: An expression of how much time it takes for a packet of data to get from one designated point to another. + +**3.1.7 mean opinion score (MOS)** [b-ITU-R BT.1683]: The average subjective quality judgment assigned by a panel of viewers to a processed video clip. + +**3.1.8 motion-to-photon latency** [ITU-T G.1035]: The time it takes between the user moving their head and this motion being reflected on the screen of the head-mounted display (HMD). + +**3.1.9 packet loss** [b-ITU-T G.1050]: The failure of a packet to traverse the network to its destination. Typically, packet loss is caused by packet discards due to buffer overflow. This model does not take into account packet loss due to discards in the terminal jitter buffer. + +**3.1.10 platform** [b-ITU-T G.1081]: A hardware and/or software architecture that serves as a foundation or base for realizing a certain functionality. + +**3.1.11 quality of experience (QoE)** [b-ITU-T P.10]: The degree of delight or annoyance of the user of an application or service. + +**3.1.12 quality of service (QoS)** [b-ITU-T J.145]: The collective effect of service performances which determine the degree of satisfaction of a user of the service. + +NOTE – The quality of service is characterized by the combined aspects of service support performance, service operability performance, service integrity and other factors specific to each service. + +**3.1.13 virtual reality** [b-ITU-R BT.2420-0]: A technology that replicates an environment, real or imagined, and simulates a user's physical presence and environment to allow for user interaction. Virtual reality artificially creates a sensory experience, which in principle can include sight, touch, hearing, and smell. The current VR devices primarily present content to the visual and auditory systems. On occasion, haptics information is also included. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +**3.2.1 IP packet loss ratio (IPLR)**: The ratio of the total lost IP packet outcomes to total transmitted IP packets in a population of interest. + +NOTE 1 – Based on [b-ITU-T X.149]. + +NOTE 2 – "Lost IP packet outcomes" and "Populations of Interest" are defined in Recommendation ITU-T Y.1540. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +A-PSNR      Average PSNR + +AR            Augmented Reality + +| | | +|---------|--------------------------------------------------| +| BLER | Block Error Ratio | +| CEP | Comfortable Experience Phase | +| CPE | Consumer Premises Equipment | +| DASH | Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP | +| E2E | End-To-End | +| E-PSNR | Edge Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FEP | Fair Experience Phase | +| GOP | Group of Pictures | +| HMD | Head-Mounted Display | +| IEP | Ideal Experience Phase | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPLR | IP Packet Loss Ratio | +| IPTV | Internet Protocol Television | +| KPI | Key Performance Indicator | +| KQI | Key Quality Indicator | +| MBLER | Macro Block Error Ratio | +| MOS | Mean Opinion Score | +| MPEG | Motion Picture Expert Group | +| MTU | Maximum Transmission Unit | +| PLR | Packet Loss Rate | +| PSI/ SI | Program-Specific Information/Service Information | +| PSNR | Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio | +| PxER | Pixel Error Ratio | +| RTP | Real-Time Protocol | +| RTT | Real-Time Transmission | +| SLER | Slice Error Ratio | +| SSIM | Structural Similarity | +| STB | Set-Top-Box | +| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| UEP | Ultimate Experience Phase | +| VR | Virtual Reality | +| VQM | Video Quality Metrics | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "is required to" indicate a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement that is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement that must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is optionally required" indicate an optional requirement that is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +The keywords "mandatorily" indicate a mandatory requirement which is recommended in any sense. This term is intended to imply that the vendor must implement the option and the feature. Otherwise, the vendor cannot declaim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as **is required to**, **is prohibited from**, **is recommended**, and **can optionally**. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Key performance indicators (KPI) + +Different networks have different levels of network performance or quality. Quality of service (QoS) defines the network quality in terms of quantitative network performance parameters called key performance indicators (KPIs) as shown in Figure 1. + +![Figure 1: Network performance indicators diagram showing a 2x2 grid of Bandwidth, Latency, Packet loss, and Jitter with KPI in the center.](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +| | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------| +| Bandwidth | Latency | +|
KPI
| | +| Packet loss | Jitter | + +J.1630(24) + +Figure 1: Network performance indicators diagram showing a 2x2 grid of Bandwidth, Latency, Packet loss, and Jitter with KPI in the center. + +**Figure 1 – Network performance indicators** + +## KPI parameters: + +**Bandwidth:** The amount of traffic that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. + +**Packet loss:** The number of packets that are successfully received, or not, at the destination. + +**Latency:** The total time it takes for a packet to travel from source to destination. + +**Jitter:** The latency variation. + +Based on the above KPI parameters, the network quality can be displayed to operators or users. + +## 6.1 Video services + +### 6.1.1 General approach to estimate KPIs + +Key performance indicators (KPIs) for network video services depend on a number of factors such as transmission protocols including for example pure user datagram protocol (UDP), real-time protocol (RTP), and application FEC-based transmission (e.g., ProMPEG), equipment configurations such as for example maximum transmission unit (MTU) size as a bandwidth related parameter, and motion picture expert group (MPEG) compression encoder configuration, etc. + +KPIs indirectly influence key quality indicators (KQIs) in terms of visual quality and MPEG decoding quality. A better way to estimate such influence is to use AI-based objective or human-based + +subjective metrics for video quality. In such cases, it is possible to get estimates that are correlated to the maximum extent to user reactions to such failures and that provide adequate reaction to such events on an automated basis. + +There are two approaches that can be used for monitoring failures appearing in end-to-end (E2E) video systems: a low-complexity indirect approach and a metrics-based approach. The choice of approach depends on the network operator view and the quality monitoring system architecture. + +The low-complexity indirect approach is based on video frame impairment analysis (frozen frames, blackness, slices appearing, etc.). After failures appear they can be notified by such monitoring systems but it is necessary in any case to further indicate the type of impairment with related measurements. This approach then can be used as a first stage fast approach to indicate that something is going wrong with the KPI. + +For a network operator the usage of objective metrics is the most optimal approach and is already used in most monitoring equipment. Such an approach ensures a relatively reliable way to monitor network performance that is correlated to user quality interpretation and fixes the moments and points of network failures for further reaction. The choice of objective metrics depends on the network operator's experience and choice of measurement equipment, etc. There are a variety of objective metric variants such as edge peak signal-to-noise ratio (E-PSNR) or average PSNR (A-PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM), pixel error ratio (PxER), video quality metrics (VQM), etc. Also, usage of models and approaches defined in [ITU-T P.1201], [ITU-T P.1202], and [ITU-T P.1204.4] is possible for streaming applications. + +Taking into account that the expected influence of network failures is failures in the structure and content of the video picture structure (errors in MPEG slices/macro blocks, etc.) the best approach is to use metrics correlated to the video picture structure. It must be considered that some metrics use a full reference approach so that in the case of a linear TV service it is difficult to implement such a monitoring system directly. To overcome this problem an embedded or separate monitoring channel with a reference image/signal delivery for measurement purposes can be used (see Appendix I). Such a virtual measurement channel is simply identified in an IP stream and is not displayed for the user but will show current network statistics and performance directly. + +It is worth noting that, in the realm of quality assessment, obtaining concrete and universally applicable metrics can be a challenging endeavour. The multifaceted nature of network configurations, the wide array of encoder parameters, and the ever-evolving technological landscape make it difficult to establish a one-size-fits-all standard for quality assessment. + +In this dynamic environment, relying on empirical, experimental evaluations becomes imperative. These assessments serve as a means to explore the nuanced relationships between network configurations and the resulting quality of service. They allow gauging of the impact of varying parameters and configurations on the user's quality of experience. The wealth of data generated through such experiments enables stakeholders to gain valuable insights into the thresholds of distortion and performance limitations. + +Moreover, as network technologies and user expectations continue to evolve, these experimental assessments provide a flexible and adaptive framework for staying ahead of the curve. By monitoring and experimenting with different setups, the ever-changing landscape of network configurations and encoding parameters can be adapted, ensuring that quality remains at the forefront of service provision. + +In summary, experimental evaluations serve as a vital tool in quality assessment, offering a dynamic means of navigating the intricate web of network settings and encoder parameters. They provide the foundation for understanding and setting of distortion thresholds and are indispensable in the pursuit of delivering the best possible quality of experience to end-users. + +### 6.1.2 Bandwidth influence + +Changing the available bit-rate in a network can have a significant impact on the transmitted video traffic. The bit-rate of video traffic determines the number of bits transmitted per second and is a key parameter for high-quality video playback. The impact of bit-rate changes can be both positive and negative, depending on whether the available network bandwidth increases or decreases. + +Decreasing available bit-rate: If the available network bandwidth decreases, video traffic may face limitations and constraints such as: + +- 1) Reduced video quality: Lower bit-rates can lead to loss of detail and resolution in the video, resulting in lower playback quality. +- 2) Potential artifacts: Video compression at lower bit-rates can introduce artifacts such as blocks or blurriness, particularly in fast-moving objects. +- 3) Buffering and delays: Insufficient bit-rate for smooth playback can lead to video buffering and delays, degrading the user experience. + +Methods for bandwidth control that can be a good solution for bit-rate control are listed in Appendix I. Periodic or separate measurements of available bandwidth are recommended. Guidelines for bandwidth measurement are provided in clause I.3. + +### 6.1.3 IP packet loss + +IP packet loss can occur for various reasons, and it can have significant consequences when it comes to video content. An explanation of causes and potential consequences of IP packet loss follows: + +- 1) Network congestion: Video networks can experience congestion, similar to any network. When the available bandwidth is fully utilized, packets may be dropped to relieve congestion. +- 2) Jitter: In cable systems, variations in packet arrival times (jitter) can disrupt the smooth delivery of packets, leading to packet loss. Jitter can be caused by inconsistent signal quality. +- 3) Signal interference: Interference can occur in cable systems due to factors such as signal attenuation over long cables, impedance mismatches, and electromagnetic interference. This can lead to packet loss. +- 4) Equipment failures: Hardware failures within the cable infrastructure, such as malfunctioning cable modems, routers, or switches, can result in packet loss. + +Consequences of IP packet loss for video service transmission: + +- 1) Reduced video quality: Packet loss can degrade the quality of video streams in cable systems, leading to pixilation, artifacts, and a decrease in resolution. The nature of video service signal impairment will depend on the video protocol used and mitigation of failure mechanisms used in the system. +- 2) Buffering and playback issues: Severe packet loss can cause buffering or interruptions in video playback. Viewers may experience delays, and the content may not stream smoothly. +- 3) Audio-video synchronization problems: Packet loss can disrupt the synchronization between video and audio streams, causing audio and video to be out of sync. +- 4) Viewer frustration: Consistent packet loss can frustrate viewers, leading them to abandon the video stream or seek alternative sources for content. +- 5) Rebuffering: To compensate for packet loss, streaming applications may require retransmissions or increased buffering, resulting in delays and reduced real-time interaction. +- 6) Content delivery issues: For content providers, IP packet loss can impact the quality of their service, affecting customer satisfaction and potentially leading to subscriber loss. +- 7) Increased bandwidth usage: Retransmitting lost packets (if used) consumes additional bandwidth, which can strain network resources and increase operational costs in cable systems. + +In cable systems, addressing IP packet loss often involves improving the quality of the network infrastructure, optimizing signal quality, and implementing error correction mechanisms to minimize the impact of packet loss on video streaming and other data applications. + +In the context of IP packet loss, it is often the case that obtaining precise and universally applicable metrics can be quite a challenging endeavour. The ever-evolving network configurations, the vast array of encoder parameters, and the dynamic nature of data transmission make it difficult to establish a one-size-fits-all standard for assessing packet loss. + +Therefore, it becomes necessary to rely on empirical, experimental assessments to gain meaningful insights. These assessments serve as a crucial means of exploring the intricate interplay between network configurations and the resultant quality of service. They allow understanding of the impact of varying parameters, be it in network setup or encoder configurations, on the prevalence of IP packet loss. + +To summarize, experimental assessments provide an indispensable tool in the context of IP packet loss, offering a dynamic framework for navigating the complexities of network settings and encoder parameters. They are instrumental in helping to understand and establish thresholds for packet loss, thereby ensuring a high-quality data transmission experience. Possible estimation and methodology for IP packet loss events influence on KPIs is provided in clause I.4 with examples in Appendix III. + +### 6.1.4 IP packet duplication + +Causes of IP packet duplication in cable systems and its impact on transmission quality: + +- 1) **Network redundancy and failures:** In cable systems, network redundancy mechanisms may cause packet duplication. For instance, redundant links or paths in a network can lead to the delivery of the same packet via multiple routes, resulting in duplicate packets at the receiver's end. Also, if network equipment failures exist duplication of packets is possible. +- 2) **Retransmissions:** Occasionally, network devices or protocols may trigger packet retransmissions due to packet loss or corruption. These retransmissions can result in the duplication of packets in the data stream. + +Impact of IP packet duplication on transmission quality in cable systems: + +- 1) **Increased bandwidth consumption:** Duplicated packets consume extra bandwidth, which can lead to inefficient network resource utilization, especially in cable systems with limited bandwidth. +- 2) **Higher processing overhead:** Network devices and receiving systems need to process and identify duplicated packets, leading to increased processing overhead, potentially affecting network performance. +- 3) **Network congestion:** The presence of duplicated packets can exacerbate network congestion as they compete for limited resources. This can further reduce the overall quality of service for various applications. +- 4) **Potential for out-of-order packets:** Duplicated packets can lead to confusion in the receiver, as it may need to decide which copy of the packet to use. This can potentially result in out-of-order packet delivery, affecting data integrity. +- 5) **Reduced efficiency:** Packet duplication diminishes the efficiency of data transmission in cable systems. It can impact the reliability and predictability of data delivery. +- 6) **Quality of service issues:** In applications like real-time communication and video streaming, IP packet duplication can introduce issues with content synchronization and reduce the overall quality of service. + +To mitigate the effects of IP packet duplication, cable system operators and network administrators should implement appropriate network redundancy strategies, such as load balancing, and utilize protocols that can handle packet duplication and out-of-order packets effectively to ensure reliable and efficient data transmission. + +Experimental results for packet duplication impairment are provided in Appendix II to this Recommendation. + +### 6.1.5 IP packet delay (jitter) + +Causes of IP packet delay (jitter) in the context of packet loss and its impact on transmission quality: + +- 1) Network congestion: Cable systems, like any network, can experience congestion due to high traffic loads. When congestion occurs, packets may experience varying delays as they contend for available bandwidth. This variability in packet arrival times contributes to jitter. +- 2) Packet loss and retransmissions: Packet loss can lead to jitter in cable systems. When a packet is lost, it may need to be retransmitted, causing a delay before the receiver finally receives the packet. This delay introduces jitter, especially in real-time applications. +- 3) Varying path lengths: In cable systems, packets may take different paths to reach their destination. These varying path lengths can result in differing transmission times, leading to jitter when packets arrive at different times. +- 4) Signal interference: Signal interference or noise in cable systems can affect the consistency of packet delivery, causing packets to experience delays. Interference can result from external factors such as electrical interference or signal degradation over long cables. + +Impact of IP packet delay (jitter) on transmission quality in cable systems: + +- 1) Reduced quality for real-time applications: Jitter can negatively impact real-time applications by causing variable delays in packet delivery. This can result in synchronization issues, choppy audio or video, and a generally poorer user experience. +- 2) Buffering requirements: To mitigate the effects of jitter, receiving systems may require larger buffers, which can increase latency and affect the responsiveness of video streaming and interactive applications. +- 3) Synchronization issues: Jitter can lead to out-of-sync audio and video streams in multimedia content, causing content delivery problems and making it less enjoyable for users. +- 4) Packet loss: High jitter levels can exacerbate the risk of packet loss, as packets arriving too late may be discarded if they are no longer relevant, further degrading transmission quality. +- 5) Increased complexity: To cope with jitter, network equipment and applications may need to employ more complex buffering, error correction, and synchronization mechanisms, increasing the overall complexity of the system. +- 6) Challenges for quality of service (QoS): Maintaining consistent quality of service becomes more challenging in the presence of jitter, making it important for cable system operators to manage and minimize its effects to meet user expectations. + +To address jitter in cable systems, network operators can implement QoS mechanisms, prioritize real-time traffic, and employ buffering and error correction techniques to reduce the impact of variable packet delays on transmission quality. + +The presence of experimental research on the impact of IP packet jitter in the context of QoS assessment serves several crucial purposes and enables the following: + +- 1) Establishing of thresholds for tolerable jitter: Experiments enable the determination of thresholds beyond which jitter begins to negatively impact QoS. This is essential for defining the level of jitter at which service quality remains acceptable. +- 2) Optimizing network settings: Research can be used to optimize network settings and data transmission parameters to minimize jitter. This helps to improve QoS and provide a more stable user experience. + +- 3) Adapting to changes: In a constantly evolving technological and network environment, experiments help to remain flexible and adapt to new challenges. They enable swift responses to changes and optimization of the network infrastructure. +- 4) Ensuring required KPI: Research into IP packet jitter aids in ensuring high-quality service, which is crucial for meeting user needs and retaining customers. + +Measurement methodology and experimental examples on IP packet jitter is provided in clause I.5 and Appendix V. + +### 6.1.6 Latency issues + +Latency is a critical parameter in network performance evaluation, affecting the quality of service for various applications, including real-time communication and multimedia streaming. This document outlines a general formula for latency calculations, encompassing the key components of encoding delay, transmission delay, and receiver delay, as per the guidelines provided in [b-ETSI TR 101 290] and other relevant documents. + +- 1) Encoding delay ( $D_{ENC}$ ): The encoding delay represents the time taken to process and encode data or media content before it is transmitted. It comprises tasks such as compression, formatting, and any other preprocessing necessary for data transmission. +- 2) Transmission delay ( $D_{TR}$ ): The transmission delay includes the time taken for data packets to traverse the network, including processing within network nodes and switching delays. It is influenced by the network's topology, traffic load, and various network-specific factors. +- 3) Receiver delay ( $D_{REC}$ ): The receiver delay encompasses the time taken for the receiver to buffer and decode incoming data, ensuring a seamless playback or display. Receiver delays may vary based on the receiver's capabilities and buffer sizes. + +Total latency ( $D_{TOTAL}$ ): The total latency is the sum of the encoding delay, transmission delay, and receiver delay: + +$$D_{TOTAL} = D_{ENC} + D_{TR} + D_{REC}$$ + +This expression provides a comprehensive means of evaluating latency within a network, enabling service providers to optimize the quality of service for various applications while adhering to industry standards, such as [b-ETSI TR 101 290], and other relevant guidelines. + +## 6.2 AR/VR services + +Packet loss, packet duplication, and network jitter can all significantly impact the quality of transmitting images in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) services over cable networks. Ensuring high-quality AR and VR experiences over cable networks requires minimizing packet loss, controlling packet duplication, and managing network jitter. Implementing a robust network infrastructure with low latency, appropriate error correction, and congestion management techniques is essential to offer immersive and seamless AR and VR content delivery. + +Basic concepts of network influence on video service are provided in [ITU-T G.1035], [ITU-T G.1036] and [ITU-T J.1631] for (cloud and conventional) VR and AR respectively. Examples of KPIs for cloud VR services are provided in Appendix IV. + +### 6.2.1 Bandwidth influence + +**Impact on AR/VR quality:** A decrease in network bandwidth can significantly affect the quality of AR/VR image transmission. AR and VR applications rely on high-resolution and data-intensive imagery to create immersive experiences. When network bandwidth is limited, there is insufficient capacity to transmit these images at the required quality. This can lead to image compression and lower resolution, resulting in a loss of detail and immersion. Users may experience pixilation, artifacts, and a reduced sense of presence in the virtual environment. + +**Mitigation strategies:** To mitigate the impact of reduced network bandwidth on AR/VR, adaptive streaming and content delivery optimization techniques can be employed. These methods dynamically adjust image quality based on available bandwidth, delivering the best possible experience within the constraints of the network. + +### 6.2.2 IP packet loss + +**Impact on AR/VR quality:** Packet loss occurs when data packets fail to reach their destination. In AR and VR applications, even small packet losses can lead to a poor user experience. When image data packets are lost, users may experience artifacts, blurriness, freezing, tiling artefacts or missing parts in their AR/VR content. This can result in a less immersive and less enjoyable experience. Frequent packet loss can make AR/VR applications unusable and lead to user frustration. + +**Mitigation strategies:** To mitigate packet loss in cable networks, error correction techniques, forward error correction (FEC), and reliable transport protocols such as transmission control protocol (TCP) can be used. Proper network design and management practices are also essential to reduce congestion and prevent packet loss. + +### 6.2.3 Packet duplication + +**Impact on AR/VR quality:** Packet duplication can result from network redundancy mechanisms, retransmissions, or misconfigured equipment. In AR/VR, duplicated packets can disrupt the rendering process. The AR/VR system may render the same image multiple times, which can be disorienting for users. Duplicated packets can waste bandwidth, leading to inefficient data transmission. + +**Mitigation strategies:** Network redundancy should be carefully managed to prevent excessive duplication. Proper configuration and error detection mechanisms can help identify and discard duplicated packets. + +### 6.2.4 Network jitter + +**Impact on AR/VR quality:** Network jitter is the variation in packet arrival times. In AR and VR, consistent and low-latency delivery is crucial for a seamless experience. Jitter can lead to inconsistent rendering and synchronization issues between different components of the AR/VR experience. Users may notice jitter in the movement of objects or avatars, causing motion sickness and a disjointed experience. + +**Mitigation strategies:** Reducing network jitter involves prioritizing AR/VR traffic, using quality of service (QoS) mechanisms, and employing buffering and adaptive streaming techniques to smooth out the impact of varying packet arrival times. + +### 6.2.5 Latency + +**Impact on AR/VR quality:** Latency is the time delay between sending data and its receipt. In AR/VR applications, low latency is critical for maintaining the illusion of real-time interaction and preserving the sense of presence. Increased latency can lead to a noticeable delay in the user's actions and the corresponding response within the AR/VR environment. This delay, often referred to as motion-to-photon latency, can result in motion sickness, reduced immersion, and a disjointed user experience. It is also the cause of presentation quality degradation, e.g., long initial loading delay and stalling. Some VR services may offload computing tasks, such as rendering capability, to remote cloud servers to significantly relieve the computing burden from the user's devices, which is at the expense of incurring additional communication delay. + +**Mitigation strategies:** To mitigate increased latency in cable networks, low-latency transmission protocols and efficient network routing are essential. Edge computing and content delivery networks (CDNs) can be used to reduce latency by bringing content closer to the user. Additionally, optimizing the rendering pipeline within AR/VR applications can help minimize motion-to-photon latency. + +In summary, reduced network bandwidth and increased latency can have a detrimental impact on the quality of AR/VR image transmission over cable networks. Addressing these issues involves a combination of adaptive content delivery, low-latency protocols, and optimization of the entire AR/VR ecosystem, ensuring that users can enjoy immersive and responsive experiences even in bandwidth-constrained and high-latency network environments. + +## **6.3 Multi-view video services** + +In the context of video services, particularly in the case of multi-view (MV) video services, several network parameters can significantly impact the quality and perception of these images. + +In summary, bandwidth directly affects the quality and resolution of multi-view images, while packet loss can introduce visual artifacts and synchronization issues. Efficient network management, including minimizing packet duplication, is necessary to optimize bandwidth usage. Lastly, low latency is critical for maintaining real-time synchronization between different views, ensuring a smooth and immersive multi-view image experience within a video service. + +This clause discusses the influence of bandwidth, packet loss, packet duplication, and latency on multi-view images within a video service. + +### **6.3.1 Bandwidth** + +In the case of MV video service, a higher bandwidth allows for the transmission of more data, resulting in higher image quality. Multi-view images often consist of multiple perspectives or camera views, each requiring substantial data. Limited bandwidth can lead to compression, reducing image resolution and causing artifacts in MV images. + +### **6.3.2 Packet loss** + +Packet loss can result in missing image data, leading to artifacts, visible gaps, or distortion in MV images. In the context of MV images, the loss of specific data packets can disrupt the synchronization between different views, affecting the overall 3D perception. + +### **6.3.3 Packet duplication** + +While packet duplication may not directly impact multi-view images, it can affect network efficiency and bandwidth usage. Unnecessary duplication consumes valuable bandwidth that could otherwise be used for transmitting additional image data or views. Efficient packet handling is crucial for optimizing network resources. + +### **6.3.4 Latency** + +In the case of multi-view images, low latency is essential to maintain real-time synchronization between different camera views. High latency can lead to asynchrony between views, resulting in a disjointed or disorienting 3D experience. Low-latency networks are crucial for providing a seamless multi-view image experience. + +# **7 Key quality indicators (KQIs)** + +KQIs as a specific metric are recommended for assessing the quality or performance of a service. KQIs are crucial for measuring and monitoring various aspects of service or system operation to ensure that predefined quality standards are met. + +KQIs should be chosen based on their significance to the overall quality of a service to track and evaluate critical factors that can directly impact user level of service satisfaction. These indicators help organizations identify areas for improvement, set benchmarks, and make informed decisions to optimize their processes. KQI parameters classification is provided in Annex B to this Recommendation. + +Key quality indicators play an indispensable role in the realm of performance evaluation and quality assessment. They serve as specialized metrics meticulously designed to gauge the effectiveness and efficiency of a given service or system. The significance of KQIs lies in their ability to provide a clear and precise snapshot of how well a particular process or service aligns with established quality standards. + +In the world of KQIs, the selection process is of paramount importance. KQIs are not chosen haphazardly; rather, they are carefully selected based on their direct relevance to the overarching quality of the system or service in question. These indicators are strategically tailored to track and assess critical factors that have a direct and discernible impact on the satisfaction levels of end users. Whether it's measuring the responsiveness of a customer support system, the reliability of a network, or the accuracy of a manufacturing process, KQIs are designed to act as the sentinel, constantly vigilant in scrutinizing these aspects. + +KQIs are not mere numerical values; they are powerful tools that empower organizations to identify areas ripe for enhancement. They serve as a compass, guiding companies towards improvement by offering a clear and data-driven understanding of where they stand in relation to their quality goals. Additionally, KQIs enable the establishment of benchmarks, setting a standard by which progress can be measured and goals can be aspired to. This data-driven approach empowers decision-makers to make informed choices, fine-tuning their processes, and ultimately optimizing the overall quality of their operations. + +In essence, KQIs are more than just metrics; they are the bedrock upon which organizations build their quest for excellence. Through these indicators, businesses and service providers can not only meet but consistently exceed the expectations of their customers, ensuring their enduring success in an ever-evolving landscape of quality and performance. + +## **KPI and KQI relationship** + +KPIs and KQIs are two different yet interconnected aspects of quality in cable video service transmission. + +In general, KPI refers to metrics and parameters that assess the technical quality of provided network services. These metrics include parameters such as delay (latency), packet loss, jitter, bandwidth, and other technical network characteristics. Also, KPIs focus on the technical performance of the cable network and cable network management to ensure data transmission stability and reliability. KPIs help to meet the minimum quality requirements for network services. + +KQIs however are an evaluation of the quality of a service or user experience. KQIs take into account how users perceive and assess the quality of a service. This includes aspects such as the perceived quality of video, audio, the user interface, and overall user satisfaction. So, KQIs focus on how users perceive and assess the quality of a service and may encompass various aspects, including satisfaction level, comfort level, and interaction satisfaction with the service. + +The relationship between KPIs and KQIs lies in the fact that KPI metrics, such as delay, packet loss, and jitter, can directly influence user perception and evaluation (KQI). High delay or packet loss, for example, can lead to a degradation in the quality of video, affecting user satisfaction levels. However, KQI also depends on other factors such as service interaction design, user-friendliness, and user expectations. + +In summary, KPIs provide technical metrics to assess network performance, while KQIs focus on evaluating how users actually perceive service quality. The connection between them is that technical network quality can significantly impact user satisfaction, but KQIs also take into account other aspects of the user experience. + +Considering the related nature of KPIs and KQIs, if a service enhancement is required for the benefit of customers or end-users, service providers must be aware of the insufficiency of the KQI and should have the ability to determine which specific technical KPI parameters can be enhanced to attain an + +improved KQI. Consequently, a KQI metric should be accompanied by the technical prerequisites of a service to serve the interests of service providers effectively. + +# **8 Monitoring and measurement** + +The choice of monitoring approach depends on network scale and structure. + +For wide area networks covering a wide audience, a monitoring probe-based approach with a distributed network of sensors is probably the best approach because in this case the provider can get real-time diagnostic information from a number of distributed remote nodes. In other cases, a single monitoring equipment may be enough due to the small number of points for monitoring. + +Considering a multi-layer approach for an E2E video system, monitoring of the related diagnostics can be implemented on different layers (MPEG layer, transport system layer, etc.). Failures on any layer will lead to problems on another so such events can be notified and appropriate actions carried out from the provider side (see also KQI and KPI relationship, clause 6). In the case of deeper analysis of transmitted streams special audio/video analysers can be used but these measurements are basically related to KQI estimations. + +Basically, a software-based approach for measurement of KPI performance of a particular network is used. In this case special software modules called agents provide diagnostic information that can be used for performance estimation in a central monitoring station. It is necessary to distinguish between active and passive approaches for monitoring. In the case of passive monitoring, related agents are activated manually and used for periodic non-systematic monitoring of network performance ("as needed" or according to a monitoring plan). Active monitoring foresees the constant reception of diagnostic information. In both cases graphic information on network performance may be available that simplifies analysis, and enables possible failures detection and/or possible predictions of failures appearing in near future due to non-systematic or systematic performance degradation. + +A system model and measurement guidelines are provided in Appendix I and other related appendices. + +# Appendix I + +## Measurement guidelines for KPI estimation + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### I.1 Scope + +The purpose of these guidelines is to establish a comprehensive framework for assessing key performance indicators (KPIs) to ensure the optimal quality and efficiency of cable video services. This document defines the scope of the measurement guidelines, providing a clear understanding of the objectives, parameters, and methodologies involved in KPI estimation. It offers guidance on the performance evaluation of cable video services, emphasizing the critical need for accurate and standardized KPI measurements. The scope of these guidelines encompasses various aspects of cable video service, including but not limited to transmission quality, network performance, and user experience. By adhering to these measurement guidelines, cable service providers can effectively monitor, evaluate, and enhance the quality and reliability of their video services, ultimately ensuring a superior viewing experience for consumers. + +### I.2 General concept of measurement + +A multi-layer approach is reflected as the basic measurement and monitoring model provided in [ITU-T J.241] and is shown here in Figure I.1. + +![Figure I.1: ITU-T J.241 system measurement model. The diagram shows a flow from Head-end to CPE/STB through an IP network. The Head-end contains Video input, IP streamer, and IP protocol stack. The CPE/STB contains IP protocol stack and Decoder. The IP network contains Network monitoring. Reference points A, B, C, and D are marked. End-to-end IP network measurements and End-to-end receiver measurements are shown below the network.](86b4670fc1a5a694821ee92b99c1209a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the ITU-T J.241 system measurement model. It consists of three main components: Head-end, IP network, and CPE/STB. The Head-end is divided into Video input, IP streamer, and IP protocol stack. The CPE/STB is divided into IP protocol stack and Decoder. The IP network is represented by an oval containing Network monitoring. Reference points A, B, C, and D are indicated by circles. A line connects the Video input to point A. A line connects the IP streamer to point B. A line connects point B to the IP network. A line connects the IP network to point C. A line connects point C to the Decoder. A line connects the Decoder to point D. Below the IP network, there are two boxes: End-to-end IP network measurements and End-to-end receiver measurements. Lines connect these boxes to points A, B, C, and D. + +Figure I.1: ITU-T J.241 system measurement model. The diagram shows a flow from Head-end to CPE/STB through an IP network. The Head-end contains Video input, IP streamer, and IP protocol stack. The CPE/STB contains IP protocol stack and Decoder. The IP network contains Network monitoring. Reference points A, B, C, and D are marked. End-to-end IP network measurements and End-to-end receiver measurements are shown below the network. + +Figure I.1 – ITU-T J.241 system measurement model [ITU-T J.241] + +Table I.1 describes the reference points A, B, C, and D shown in Figure I.1: + +Table I.1 – Description of reference points for measurements + +| Reference point | Description | +|-----------------|-------------------------------------| +| A | Video encoder | +| B | IP layer at head-end (Raw IP data). | +| C | IP layer at CPE (Raw IP data). | +| D | Video decoder | + +Monitoring can be implemented as distributed or centralized architecture thus providing different flexibility and resource usages. Such an approach is used in [ITU-T G.1082]. + +In a centralized monitoring system, all data regarding the characteristics of the video traffic transmission system is collected and analysed at a single control centre. This centre can be a physical location or a software platform. + +#### Advantages of a centralized system + +- 1) **Convenient management:** All data is collected in one place, making it easier to analyse and monitor the entire system. +- 2) **Centralized analysis:** Data analysis takes place on a single platform, allowing for quick issue detection and action. +- 3) **Comparison and aggregation:** The ability to compare data from different nodes of the system and aggregate them to gain an overall picture. + +#### Disadvantages of a centralized system + +- 1) **Single point of failure:** If the central node fails, the entire monitoring system could become inaccessible. +- 2) **Infrastructure costs:** Establishing and maintaining a centralized infrastructure can be expensive. + +#### Distributed monitoring system + +In a distributed monitoring system, data collection and analysis are performed at various nodes of the system. Each node is responsible for monitoring its specific part of the infrastructure. + +#### Advantages of a distributed system + +- 1) **Fault tolerance:** Failure of one node does not impact the operation of the entire system. +- 2) **Scalability:** Adding new nodes to monitor new segments of the infrastructure is more flexible. +- 3) **Load distribution:** Spreading the load across multiple nodes reduces the risk of overloads. + +#### Disadvantages of a distributed system + +- 1) **Complex management:** Analysing data collected from different nodes might be more complex. +- 2) **Aggregation complexity:** Achieving a complete picture requires aggregating data from various nodes. +- 3) **Synchronization requirement:** Ensuring data accuracy between nodes necessitates synchronization. + +The choice between a centralized and distributed monitoring system depends on specific requirements and characteristics of the video traffic transmission system, as well as situations where a balance is needed between management simplicity, scalability, and fault tolerance. + +The choice between a centralized and distributed system depends on several factors, including the characteristics of the system, management requirements, scalability and fault tolerance needs, as well as specific situations and tasks. Here are some of the key factors that can influence this choice: + +- a) System characteristics: + - Scale of the system: In larger systems with numerous nodes and segments, a distributed system might be more suitable as it allows scaling monitoring without significantly burdening a single centre. + - Geographical distribution: If system nodes are geographically dispersed, a distributed system can provide more efficient monitoring and analysis closer to the nodes. + +- b) Management requirements: + - Convenience of management: A centralized system provides a single point of control and data analysis, which can be useful for consolidated oversight. + - Decentralized control: A distributed system might be more beneficial if nodes need more autonomy and control over their data. +- c) Fault tolerance: + - Resilience to failures: A distributed system might be more resilient to failures since the failure of one node would not affect the entire system's operation. + - Single point of failure: A centralized system is more susceptible to failure risks, as the failure of the central node could lead to issues with monitoring the whole system. +- d) Data analysis complexity: + - Data aggregation: If collecting and aggregating data from various nodes for an overall picture is necessary, a distributed system could be more complex for analysis. + - Centralized analysis: A centralized system simplifies analysis since data is already gathered in one place. +- e) Budget and resources: + - Infrastructure costs: Establishing and maintaining a centralized infrastructure can involve significant expenses, whereas a distributed system might be more cost-effective. +- f) Specific tasks and scenarios: + - Specific requirements: Certain scenarios might have specific monitoring and management requirements that could dictate the choice. + +The final decision between a centralized and distributed monitoring system should be based on an analysis of all these factors and a consideration of the specific goals and conditions of the video traffic transmission system. + +It is possible to use one of two proposed video monitoring system options: + +- Introduction of separate independent (from main video) video streams with frame rates 1 to 2 fps and black field or other images as image contents. Such types of image during compression will result in non-significant bit rate increases (see Figure I.2). +- Usage of advertising or other recurring themes (such as titles of programmes) that will be interpreted as the embedded test signal (see Figure I.3). + +The second option leads to increasing the complexity of the monitoring system due to the requirement of separate channels for undistorted images. The first option is easier due to the uniformity of the images that do not depend on the programme. + +![Diagram of operational monitoring for E2E video services with a separate control channel. The diagram shows multiple video streams (1 to n) being encoded, multiplexed, transmitted over a cable integrated broadband network, and then demultiplexed and decoded. A reference channel for test images is also shown. Quality metrics (SSIM, PxER, PSNR) are measured for each stream.](cbdfdade780e677eb1c1aef3081ce9ef_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the operational monitoring process for E2E video services. On the left, multiple video streams (labeled 1 to n) enter 'Video encoder' blocks. The outputs of these encoders are fed into a 'TS MUX' (Transport Stream Multiplexer) block, which is represented by a dashed line. The multiplexed streams are then transmitted over a 'Cable integrated broadband network'. An arrow labeled 'Impairment during transmission' points to this network block. The output of the network is fed into a 'TS DEMUX' (Transport Stream Demultiplexer) block, also represented by a dashed line. The demultiplexed streams are then fed into 'Video decoder' blocks. The outputs of these decoders are labeled 'Initial/degraded video 1' through 'Initial/degraded video n'. Each video output is also fed into an 'SSIM/PxER PSNR meas.' block. The outputs of these measurement blocks are labeled 'SSIM 1', 'PxER 1', 'PSNR 1' for stream 1, and 'SSIM n', 'PxER n', 'PSNR n' for stream n. A 'Reference (virtual channel) for test images' is shown as a line entering the 'Video decoder' blocks from the bottom. The diagram is labeled 'J.1630(24)' in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram of operational monitoring for E2E video services with a separate control channel. The diagram shows multiple video streams (1 to n) being encoded, multiplexed, transmitted over a cable integrated broadband network, and then demultiplexed and decoded. A reference channel for test images is also shown. Quality metrics (SSIM, PxER, PSNR) are measured for each stream. + +NOTE – Dotted line blocks are related to additional blocks for MPEG-TS based system only; dot-dashed lines are related to case of video transmissions without MPEG TS multiplexing + +**Figure I.2 – Operational monitoring for E2E video services with a separate control channel based on usage SSIM/ PxER metrics as example of possible choice result** + +Reference receivers that are located in arbitrary points in individual nodes of the end-to-end path, perform continuous comparisons of reference images using the selected objective quality metrics (for example such as SSIM metric or pixel error ratio (PxER)/block error ratio (BLER)/macro block error ratio (MBLER)/slice error ratio (SLER). If the result of the comparison indicates a significant degradation in the quality of the video, which is impacted with structural distortions, then this indicates failures in equipment operation. + +Network impairments impact different networks in different ways in terms of availability, visibility and intensity. Therefore, for the network operator it is important to define network performance KPI requirements in terms of permitted packet loss rate (PLR), packet jitter, latency, etc. Considering the variety of factors influencing network performance, in most cases obtaining such requirements requires network operators to utilize their own network experience. + +Video system streams can be corrupted in different ways during transmission via an E2E network (see Figure I.4). + +Generalization and classification of existing methods of estimation of the technical quality of cable video systems is realized with the use of a multilevel approach (see Figure I.5). Accordingly, such classification methods of technical quality control are divided into two classes: + +- technical quality control methods at transport stream level; +- technical quality control methods at video and audio streams level. + +![Figure I.3: Operational monitoring for E2E video services with an embedded control channel based on usage SSIM/ PxER metrics as example of possible choice result.](aaf3e6e44cdeabd6d1df869c5f392ea1_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + VS1[Video stream 1] --> VE1[Video encoder] + VSn[Video stream n] --> VEn[Video encoder] + VE1 -.-> TSMUX[TS MUX] + VEn -.-> TSMUX + TSMUX --> CIBN[Cable integrated broadband network] + Impairments[Impairments during transmission] --> CIBN + CIBN --> TSDEMUX[TS DEMUX] + TSDEMUX -.-> VD1[Video decoder] + TSDEMUX -.-> VDn[Video decoder] + VD1 --> IV1[Initial/degraded video 1] + VDn --> IVn[Initial/degraded video n] + IV1 --> M1[SSIM/PxER PSNR meas.] + IVn --> Mn[SSIM/PxER PSNR meas.] + TSG[Test signal generator] --> M1 + TSG --> Mn + M1 --> SSIM1[SSIM 1] + Mn --> SSIMn[SSIM n] + + subgraph Legend + direction TB + L1[-.-> Dotted line: MPEG-TS based system only] + L2[--> Dot-dashed line: without MPEG TS multiplexing] + end + +``` + +Figure I.3: Operational monitoring for E2E video services with an embedded control channel based on usage SSIM/ PxER metrics as example of possible choice result. + +NOTE – Dotted line blocks are related to additional blocks for MPEG-TS based system only; dot-dashed lines are related to case of video transmissions without MPEG TS multiplexing + +**Figure I.3 – Operational monitoring for E2E video services with an embedded control channel based on usage SSIM/ PxER metrics as example of possible choice result** + +![Figure I.4: Impairments during distribution of compressed video streams.](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Root[Impairments of compression based video services] --> L1[Impairments on level of video multiplexing/demultiplexing] + Root --> L2[Impairments on level of encoding/decoding of compressed video signals] + + L1 --> L1A[Impairments on video compression elementary stream level] + L1 --> L1B[Impairments on transport stream level] + + L1A --> L1A1[Non-decodability of video picture] + L1A --> L1A2[Errors in encoding parameters picture type] + + L1B --> L1B1[Impairments in system and programme service information of video stream] + L1B --> L1B2[Impairments on packet level] + + L1A1 --> Sync[Synchronization failure for audio/video signals] + L1A2 --> Sync + L1B1 --> Sync + + Sync --> Sync1[Programme synchronization signal jitter] + Sync --> Sync2[Loss of audio/video sync] + + L2 --> L2A[Impairments of audio signal] + L2 --> L2B[Structural impairments of video signal] + + L2B --> L2B1[Intra-frame Spatial] + L2B --> L2B2[Inter-frame Time] + + L2B1 --> Errors + L2B2 --> Errors + + subgraph Errors [Dashed Box] + E1[Errors in pixels] + E2[Errors in blocks] + E3[Errors in macroblocks] + E4[Errors in slices] + end + +``` + +Figure I.4: Impairments during distribution of compressed video streams. + +**Figure I.4 – Impairments during distribution of compressed video streams** + +![Flowchart showing methods of control of technical operation quality of E2E video system path, divided into transport stream level and video/audio streams level.](8c348bf9c2c81b018017ae1d19506a9a_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Root[Methods of control of technical operation quality of E2E video system path] --> Level1[Methods of control on transport stream level] + Root --> Level2[Methods of control on video and audio streams level] + Level1 --> L1_1[Estimation of synchronization accuracy] + Level1 --> L1_2[Measurement of error rates for bits, packets, frames] + Level1 --> L1_3[Stream analysis for error detection for three priorities and statistical estimation] + Level2 --> L2_1[Estimation of program synchronization] + Level2 --> L2_2[Analysis of video streams time parameters] + Level2 --> L2_3[Objective quality estimation (Metrics)] + Level2 --> L2_4[Subjective quality estimation (Visual control)] + Level2 --> L2_5[Estimation of structural impairments] + +``` + +J.1630(24) + +Flowchart showing methods of control of technical operation quality of E2E video system path, divided into transport stream level and video/audio streams level. + +**Figure I.5 – Methods of technical quality control of services operation of E2E video system** + +## I.3 Measurement of bandwidth influence + +Table I.2 lists IP network measurement parameters for bandwidth reduction. All measurements should be taken from point B to point C in the system measurement model described in Figure I.1: + +**Table I.2 – IP network measurement parameters for bandwidth reduction** + +| Parameter | Equipment | Motivation | Monitoring method | +|-----------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Downstream throughput | CPE (STB) | Service qualification, monitoring | Test signal representative of worst case encoding scenario, throughput test | +| Upstream throughput | CPE (STB) | Service qualification, monitoring | Throughput test | + +#### I.3.1 Bandwidth control policies + +In addition, another approach is usage of KPI provisioning mechanisms such as IntServ (integrated services) and DiffServ (differentiated services). Other mechanisms are also possible so IntServ and DiffServ are considered as examples. + +- *IntServ* (integrated services): IntServ is suitable for situations where ensuring guaranteed QoS parameters (such as minimum delay and low packet loss) is important for specific data streams, such as high-resolution videos or video conferences. If QoS is of paramount importance and the network allows resource management for each data stream, then IntServ can be beneficial. +- *DiffServ* (differentiated services): DiffServ is well-suited for situations where priorities need to be established for different classes of traffic in the overall network. Video traffic can be classified as one of the classes with higher priority (e.g., "priority" or "voice" class), which helps minimize delay and data loss for video streams. + +In larger networks, such as service provider networks or corporate networks, DiffServ is typically preferable as it provides a more flexible and scalable way to manage traffic without the need to maintain state for each individual stream. Many IPTV providers use DiffServ technology to ensure quality of service (QoS) and optimize video transmission in their networks. DiffServ allows providers to manage priorities and handling of various types of traffic, including video streams. + +Using DiffServ in video streaming networks can offer the following benefits: + +- Prioritization for video traffic: Providers can classify video streams as high-priority and assign them a higher level of service. This minimizes delays and data loss for video, ensuring smoother and higher-quality transmission. +- Mitigation of impact on other traffic types: Traffic classification enables the isolation of video traffic from other data types, such as internet browsing or file downloads. This helps prevent scenarios where intensive usage of one type of traffic negatively affects the quality of other applications. +- Bandwidth management: Providers can allocate specific bandwidth for video traffic to ensure it has sufficient capacity and prevent network congestion. +- Prevention of buffering effect and delays: By prioritizing video traffic, DiffServ can help minimize buffering and delays, which is crucial for video service users, where users expect immediate and smooth video playback. However, it is important to note that the specific implementation and effectiveness of DiffServ can vary depending on the level of control the provider has over the network infrastructure and the available resources. + +However, it is also important to note that the specific implementation and effectiveness of DiffServ can vary depending on the level of control the provider has over the network infrastructure and the available resources. + +DiffServ's ability to prioritize traffic based on different classes makes it a valuable tool for video service providers to ensure a high-quality viewing experience for their customers. By assigning higher priority to video traffic, providers can minimize latency and buffering, which are critical factors for delivering seamless video content. Additionally, DiffServ's flexibility allows providers to adapt to changing network conditions and allocate resources dynamically to different classes of traffic. + +In summary, both IntServ and DiffServ, along with other techniques, play significant roles in shaping the quality of service in modern networks, including IPTV systems. While IntServ offers a more fine-grained control for individual data streams, DiffServ provides a scalable and adaptable approach to managing traffic classes. For video service providers, the choice between these approaches depends on their specific network requirements, infrastructure capabilities, and the desired level of control over the quality of service for video content delivery. + +To select the video traffic control strategy that is best suited for a specific network there are periodic or constant measurements of available network bit-rate. Such measurements provide the best shaping of traffic usage control and optimization. + +Measuring bit-rate using a time window is a common method to determine the average data transmission rate in a network based on data analysis within a specified time interval. This method allows assessing how many bits or packets are transmitted through the network over a certain amount of time. + +#### **I.3.2 Available bandwidth measurement** + +A bit-rate measurement algorithm can be used as follows: + +- 1) Select the time window size: Define the duration of the time window during which you want to measure the bit-rate. For example, you can choose a time window of 1 second. +- 2) Data capture: Capture or obtain network traffic within the chosen time window. This can be done using a network analyser, network monitoring tools, or data collection software. + +- 3) Count bits: Count the total number of bits transmitted during the chosen time window. This can be done by summing the sizes of all data packets received during this time. +- 4) Calculate bit-rate: Calculate the bit-rate by dividing the total number of bits by the duration of the time window. The formula is as follows: + +$$\text{Bit-rate} = (\text{Total number of bits}) / (\text{Duration of time window}).$$ + +This method allows assessing of the average data transmission bit-rates in the network based on the traffic analysis over a specific time interval. However, it is important to remember that the bit-rate can vary depending on network load and other factors. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct measurements across different time intervals to obtain more accurate data. + +Measuring bit-rate using a time window is a valuable method for evaluating data transmission bit-rate in a network. It can be used for quality of service monitoring, network load analysis, and resource optimization. However, it is important to understand that bit-rate is an average characteristic, and actual values can fluctuate based on network conditions. So, it is necessary to consider the following factors: + +- Averaging and analysis: To obtain a more stable representation of the bit-rate, it is advisable to measure the bit-rate using time windows over a certain period (for example, a few minutes or hours) and average the obtained values. This accounts for temporal fluctuations and provides a more accurate characterization of the network's bit-rate. +- Tool usage: Various tools, analysers and software programs exist that can automate the process of measuring bit-rate using a time window. +- Header consideration: When measuring bit-rate, it is important to consider that network traffic contains packet headers, which also occupy a certain number of bits. Therefore, when counting bits, it is necessary to account for header sizes to avoid distortions in the actual data transmission bit-rate. + +### I.4 Measurement of IP packet loss influence + +Table I.3 lists IP network measurement parameters for IP packet loss estimation. All measurements should be taken from point B to point C in the system measurement model described in Figure I.1. + +**Table I.3 – IP network measurement parameters for packet loss estimation** + +| Parameter | Equipment | Motivation | Monitoring method | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Packet loss rate (PLR) | Consumer premises equipment (CPE) e.g., a set-top-box (STB) | Image quality, video information loss estimation | In service or through test streams with RTP/RTCP or sequence numbers available on packet header.
Periodic PLR summary.
Reports with one-minute resolution.
Measurement of PLR requires analysis of a number of packets at least 10 times greater than the number related to the target PLR value.
This determines the rate at which the PLR is reported. | + +Requirements for permissible values of PLR are quite case-relative and highly dependent on the MPEG compression method and MPEG encoder configuration. Considering MPEG auto-configuration for receiver decoder operation, different performance improving approaches are possible. These include some network re-configuration or video encoder reconfiguration. So in the case of systematic or periodic performance failures a strategy for failures mitigation will be chosen. + +### I.5 Measurement of IP packet jitter influence + +Table I.4 lists IP network measurement parameters for packet jitter related measurements. All measurements should be taken from point B to point C in the system measurement model described on Figure I.1. + +**Table I.4 – IP network measurement parameters for packet jitter related measurements** + +| Parameter | Equipment | Motivation | Monitoring method | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Network latency | Test probe at user side, within CPE (STB) or as closest as possible to user access link. | Smooth play-out | Test stream | +| Jitter | CPE (STB) | Smooth play-out | In service or through test streams with RTP/RTCP or timestamps available on packet header. | + +# Appendix II + +## KQI estimation guidelines + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### II.1 General approach to KQI measurement + +A multi-level approach to assessing KQI is employed for several reasons: + +- 1) Consideration of multiple factors: In the world of video services, numerous factors influence the quality of the user experience. By categorizing KQIs into different tiers, a broad spectrum of aspects can be considered, ranging from content quality to network performance and user satisfaction. This provides a more comprehensive understanding of how the service is perceived by users. +- 2) Problem localization: A multi-tiered approach helps to pinpoint the location of issues and bottlenecks in service delivery more accurately. For instance, if issues are related to data transmission, they can be identified within transmission-related KQI. If the problem lies in user perception, it becomes evident through user-related KQI. This streamlines the process of issue identification and resolution. +- 3) Enhanced decision-making: The multi-tiered approach provides more detailed information that can be used for more informed decision-making. Video service providers can gain a better understanding of where to focus their efforts to improve quality and meet user expectations. +- 4) Accounting for service and technology diversity: Modern video services can be diverse, including traditional video services, streaming video, AR, VR, and others. The multi-tiered approach allows for adaptation to different types of services and technologies, which is crucial for a more comprehensive coverage of various video services. + +Ultimately, a multi-tiered approach to assessing KQI helps provide a more detailed and comprehensive understanding of service quality and user experience, enabling the enhancement of video services to make them more competitive and aligned with user needs. + +So, with regard to the aims of the current Recommendation KQI can be categorized as: + +- **Service-related KQI:** used to assess the subjective-related quality of a service (IPTV, streaming service, Cloud VR, etc.). Service-related KQIs are essential for measuring and evaluating various aspects of service delivery to ensure that the service meets or exceeds user level of expectations or satisfaction. These indicators help to identify strengths and weaknesses in service delivery, make improvements, and ensure that the service remains competitive and valuable to users. +- **Transmission-related KQI:** used to assess the quality of data transmission within a communication network. These KQIs help monitor and manage network performance to ensure that it meets user level of expectations or satisfaction. +- **User-related KQI:** used to assess the quality of a user's experience with a service. These indicators are essential for understanding how well a service meets the needs, expectations, and satisfaction levels of users. + +The effectiveness of this approach lies in its ability to provide researchers and video service providers with a more detailed understanding of where issues or discrepancies with user expectations occur in the service delivery process. This helps identify bottlenecks in infrastructure and service processes, allowing for more informed actions to improve service quality and user satisfaction. + +Thus, this approach to assessing KQI allows for a more comprehensive analysis and enhancement of the quality of video services, taking into account various aspects that influence the quality of the user experience. + +### II.2 Guidelines for KQI measurement management + +KQI measurement management refers to the process of planning, implementing, monitoring, and improving the measurement of key quality indicators. This process is crucial for ensuring that KQI accurately reflects the performance, quality, and effectiveness of its services or systems. Effective KQI measurement management involves several key steps: + +- **Selection of relevant KQI**, including its formula, calculation methodology, and units of measurement that are meaningful and provide actionable insights. Recommended relevant KQI metrics are given in Table II.1. +- **Measuring KQI:** + - 1) Define objectives: Clearly define what you want to measure and evaluate. Ensure that the KQIs align with business and user goals. + - 2) Select appropriate tools: Determine the tools and methodologies that best suit the measurement of each category of KQI. This may involve network performance analysis, user experience monitoring, and user surveys. + - 3) Establish baseline values: Determine initial values for KQIs in network and video services. This helps understand the quality levels that need to be achieved. + - 4) Regular monitoring: Set regular intervals for monitoring and measuring KQIs. This can be daily, weekly, or as per the specifics of infrastructure and services. + +It should be noted that one measurement point is not enough to obtain a macroscopic view of the KQI. As described in [b-ETSI ES 202 765-2], for multiple offers deployed in a perimeter of potential users greater or equal to 10 000 000, at least 10 analysis points should be distributed over the perimeter. For multiple offers deployed in a perimeter of potential users lower than 10 000 000, at least 5 analysis points should be distributed over the perimeter. + +- **Managing results:** + - 1) Data analysis: Analyse the data collected using KQIs to identify trends and anomalies. Identify areas where improvements have occurred and areas where issues have arisen. + - 2) Benchmarking: Compare KQI results with industry benchmarks and competitors. This helps you understand how well it performed in comparison to industry standards. + - 3) Setting priorities: Determine which aspects of quality require the most attention and improvement. Set priorities for developing an improvement plan. + - 4) Development and implementation of improvements: Develop specific measures and strategies for improving KQIs. This may involve updating infrastructure, process optimization, and service enhancement. + - 5) Monitoring after implementation: After implementing improvements, continue to monitor KQIs to ensure they have had a positive impact. Continuously analyse and manage results. + - 6) User feedback: Collect feedback from users to understand the changes they have noticed and how they have affected their experience. + - 7) Documentation and reporting: Carefully document all data and changes to ensure transparency and reporting to internal teams and stakeholders. For reporting, the presentation of each metric shall be made separately. Each metric shall be presented on its own scale. For each indicator, presentation results shall consist at least of presenting metric value, number of measurements to determine the metric value and measurement standard deviation + +Adhering to these guidelines will help ensure effective measurement of KQIs and efficient results management for improving the quality of video services and user satisfaction. + +**Table II.1 – Recommended relevant KQI** + +| Parameter | Description | Details | Applications | References | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------| +| Service-related KQI | | | | | +| Service access | After requesting a service by the user, the first service data packet is received at the user equipment |
  • Service Access Time: Is the duration of a service access from requesting the service until the reception of the first data packet at the user equipment
| Video service (Video on demand, IPTV, streaming, etc.) | [ETSI TS 103 222-4] | +| | |
  • Streaming Reproduction Start Failure Ratio: probability of unsuccessful streaming reproduction. This includes streaming access failure before the service has been accessed.
    \frac{\text{Number of Streaming Error Flows}}{\text{Number of Streaming Flows}} \times 100
| | [ETSI TS 103 222-2] | +| Buffering (Video access) | After requesting a video by the user, a certain portion of the video is downloaded and buffered before the video starts to play. |
  • Initial Buffering Duration: Is the time from when the user clicks video play button to when the first video frame is displayed.
  • Re-buffering Time Percentage: Is the time for a given video that has been stopped playing due to exhaustion of its buffer to the point it resumes playing during a time period (24 hours, 1 week, etc.)
    \frac{\text{Accumulated Rebuffering Time [s]}}{\text{Video Playout Duration [s]}} \times 100
  • Stalling Duration: Is the time of the stalling when the buffer is empty during a time period (24 hours, 1 week, etc.)
| Video service (Video on demand, IPTV, streaming, etc.) | [ETSI TR 101 578],
[ETSI TS 103 222-4] | + +**Table II.1 – Recommended relevant KQI** + +| Parameter | Description | Details | Applications | References | +|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | As with traditional online video, after the user clicks the cloud VR video play button, there is a loading process for performing CDN scheduling, index downloading, and data caching. For this process, users generally only see the loading progress bar. The shorter the loading time, the sooner the user sees the video content and the better the experience. |
  • Initial Buffering Duration: Is the time from when the user clicks the cloud VR video play button to when the user sees the normal play screen
| Weak-interaction cloud VR services: Full-view video, VR live broadcast, IMAX® theatre | [ETSI GS F5G 005] | +| Perceived Video Quality | The indicator evaluates the quality of video stream delivered to the user. The indicator characterizes the perception of the video end-users in term of video quality. | The mean opinion score (MOS) is intended to represent the subjective perception described by a score (from 1 to 5) that an end-user of the IPTV service would have given if user watched the considered video sequence. Video MOS is the mean opinion scores (MOS) on a five-point ACR scale. Score 1 to score 5 respectively represent bad, poor, average, good, excellent view experience to users. | Video service (Video on demand, IPTV, streaming, etc.) | [ITU-T J.144], [ITU-T J.341], [ITU-T P.1204.4] can be used for the SD, HD and 4K video respectively. It is also proposed to qualify perceived video quality by the occurrence of 'black' screen, 'blockiness' and 'frozen' picture. | +| Zapping Delay | Channel switching time describes the duration to switch from one channel to another. The duration is measured from the request to change the channel sent by the user until the channel switch request is completed. |
  • Zapping Delay: Is the duration of a channel switching from requesting the channel until the reception of the first picture frame and audio at the user equipment
| Video service (Video on demand, IPTV, etc.) | [ETSI ES 202 765-4] | + +**Table II.1 – Recommended relevant KQI** + +| Parameter | Description | Details | Applications | References | +|---------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|---------------------| +| Transmission-related KQI | | | | | +| "BlackScreen" | "Black screen" can outcome from:
  • encoder/decoder implementation when no video stream is present;
  • a major loss of video packet during a long period of time.
|
  • «Black Screen» Occurrences. This metric corresponds to the number of black screen sequences during a time period (24 hours, 1 week, etc.) Number = \sum_{i=0}^{i=t} «Black» Screen Event (i)
| Video service (Video on demand, IPTV, etc.) | [ETSI ES 202 765-4] | +| Blockiness | In video and image compression, a common artefact called "Blockiness" comes firstly from low-quality compression when too few bits are used. This artefact may appear when packet loss rate is too high on the transmission link (operator network, user equipment, etc.) |
  • Blockiness Occurrences. This metric corresponds to the number of Blockiness sequences during a time period (24 hours, 1 week, etc.) Number = \sum_{i=0}^{i=t} «Blockiness» Event (i)
| Video service (Video on demand, IPTV, etc.) | [ETSI ES 202 765-4] | +| Frozen Picture | The frozen frame phenomena can be expressed through some pictures appearing as stopped/frozen from time to time on the end-user screen. These frozen pictures may be issued by the decoder or the network . They are usually very annoying for the end-user. |
  • Frozen Picture Occurrences. This metric corresponds to the number of frozen picture sequence during a time period (24 hours, 1 week, etc.) Number = \sum_{i=0}^{i=t} «Frozen Frame» Event (i)
| Video service (Video on demand, IPTV, etc) | [ETSI ES 202 765-4] | + +**Table II.1 – Recommended relevant KQI** + +| Parameter | Description | Details | Applications | References | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| | During full view VR video playing, if the downloaded data is exhausted by the player and it cannot meet the real-time playing requirements, the terminal will choose to stop playing first and it will wait until the newly buffered video data reaches a certain level, then restart playing. The phenomenon of buffering and playing after stopping is called a freeze frame. |
  • Average duration of Frames Freezing: Is the average of multiple freezing time per time window during VR video playing.
  • Average percentage of Frames Freezing: Is the ratio of the total freezing time to the total playing time per time window during VR video playing.
  • Number of Frames Freezing: Is the number of frames freezing per second during VR video playing.
| Weak-interaction Cloud VR services: Full-view video, VR live broadcast, IMAX ® theatre
Strong-interaction Cloud VR services: VR games, VR home fitness, VR education, and VR social networking | [ETSI GS F5G 005] | +| End-to-End delay | A real-time telecommunication system generates and delivers information in a time-frame similar to the real-life process that it is assisting. Depending on the real-life process being assisted, the frame may include seconds or be perceived by end-users as immediate. These systems therefore have real-time technical requirements and constraints for their implementation associated with real-time computing and the real-time transport protocol | Depends on system/network configuration | Video service (TV, streaming) | [ETSI TS 122 105] | +| User-related KQI | | | | | +| Video access timeout | Level of user patience/time pressure
This time out reflects the maximal time between requesting the video and the first frame is displayed. It can be imagined as the maximum waiting patience of a user for the start of the video. | Usually are few seconds, but to cover also other technologies and heavy-load situations in the networks, the timeout can be set to 15 s up to 20 s. | Video service (TV, streaming) | [ETSI TR 101 578] | + +**Table II.1 – Recommended relevant KQI** + +| Parameter | Description | Details | Applications | References | +|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| Maximum duration of single freeze | Level of user patience/time pressure
It can be seen as an indication for "stream lost". A user may stop watching the video in case the freeze exceeds particular value of time. The video can be considered as "lost" or "dropped" in this case. | A value of 15 s is an acceptable best-practice value for a maximum accepted freezing event | Video service (TV, streaming) | [ETSI TR 101 578] | +| Minimum freeze duration | Level of user patience/time pressure. | A threshold of 1, 2 s is recommended to recognize freezes caused by the network | Video service (TV, streaming) | [ETSI TR 101 578] | +| Operation response latency | In strong-interaction application scenarios, such as Cloud VR gaming, users expect immediate audio-visual responses when they move horizontally, pull a trigger, or wave a hand. If the response takes longer than they expect, they experience interactive latency. Operation response latency is caused by the asynchronous collaboration between the cloud rendering and streaming process and the local playout process |
  • Average Response Duration: is the average time from the action of the user detected by the terminal to the corresponding game screen display.
| Strong-interaction Cloud VR services: VR games, VR home fitness, VR education, and VR social networking | [ETSI GS F5G 005] | +| 'Black edge' (Head motion) | Black edge and smearing: to save cloud rendering resources and shorten E2E latency, Cloud VR gaming servers generally only render and transmit images within the user's view angle. Therefore, the new viewing areas that are not rendered on time are displayed as black edges or smearing. The faster the head motion, the longer the cloud rendering and streaming latency, and the more pronounced the black edge and smearing are. |
  • Average percentage of the Black Edge Area: is the average value of the black edge/smearing in the user's viewing area during the game.
  • Percentage of the Black Edge Duration: is the proportion of the time duration with black edge effect to the total time duration of the game.
| Strong-interaction Cloud VR services: VR games, VR home fitness, VR education, and VR social networking | [ETSI GS F5G 005] | + +# Appendix III + +## Example of packet loss estimation + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +An IP packet contains in most cases more than one MPEG packet so loss of a packet can lead to quite negative consequences. Increasing of packet MTU size does reduce the influence of video packet loss impairments. This is also clearly seen in Figure III.1 where impaired pixels are indicated with marker circles. This effect can be explained as longer packets can provide better conditions for video recovery due to a lower probability of loss of important information and longer distribution of impairments in time. + +![Figure III.1 shows four video frames (a, b, c, d) of a ladybug. Frame (a) is the original frame. Frame (b) shows impaired pixels (marked with red circles) when MTU = 1 500 bytes. Frame (c) shows impaired pixels (marked with red circles) when MTU = 800 bytes. Frame (d) shows impaired pixels (marked with red circles) when MTU = 250 bytes. The impairment increases as the MTU size decreases.](15cfb04d6d02b0e125966b0edb907b68_img.jpg) + +Figure III.1 shows four video frames (a, b, c, d) of a ladybug. Frame (a) is the original frame. Frame (b) shows impaired pixels (marked with red circles) when MTU = 1 500 bytes. Frame (c) shows impaired pixels (marked with red circles) when MTU = 800 bytes. Frame (d) shows impaired pixels (marked with red circles) when MTU = 250 bytes. The impairment increases as the MTU size decreases. + +**Figure III.1 – Effect of packet loss on the video frame quality at: a) original frame +b) MTU = 1 500 bytes; c) MTU = 800 bytes; d) MTU = 250 bytes** + +Mitigation of unpredictable bandwidth variation in a video service network is possible by adjusting the networks' equipment configuration, for example, by adjusting the maximum transmission unit (MTU) in the simplest case. One of the factors influencing bandwidth is changes in the MTU causing MPEG payload IP packets fragmentation. Considering that video service users may have different models of network equipment to those of the network operators, a situation may occur where the MTU size may be selected in a non-optimal way and depending on the streaming protocol and MPEG compression parameters (especially depending on GOP-structure) the network performance will be degraded. + +Some guidelines for failures mitigation methodology in the case of changes in video encoder re-configuration and network settings (MTU size) are further provided. For further analysis, only one configuration of MPEG video coding with bidirectional prediction using key pictures (I-pictures, intra-coded pictures (frames or fields)) is considered. Prediction in the considered case uses sixteen video pictures prediction so usage of the abbreviation I16B for such a group of pictures (GOP) is assumed. + +Conventional video transmission protocols: As an example, the widely used streaming protocols UDP, RTP and ProMPEG are considered. Additionally, information for adaptive streaming protocols provided. Results of measurements provided in Figure III.2. + +The larger the packet size, the less video impairment. This is due to the fact that with a video file stream of 10 MB, approximately 7 000 packets with a length of 1 500 bytes, will be transmitted, 15 000 packets with a size of 800 bytes will be transmitted, or 50 000 packets with a size of 250 bytes will be transmitted and with PLR = 1%, they will lose 70, 150, 500 packets, respectively. Such behaviour is explained by the fact that the loss of even one packet causes damage to the entire group of packets (GOP) structure. Thus, the frequency of video sequence damage with a maximum transmission unit (MTU) = 250 is much higher. + +If we compare different protocols for streaming (UDP, RTP and ProMPEG) it can be seen that for 10% of PLR the ProMPEG protocol gives higher immunity to impairments than the others. This can be explained by the fact that the usage of parity bytes gives the possibility to recover lost image + +information and reduce number of "corrupted" image blocks thus increasing the structural similarity of two images (reference and received images). Two other protocols are not-parity based so their performance is poorer. The worst performance belongs to RTP because the working logic of this protocol is such that it tries to recover the order of transmission of the packets and, if unsuccessful it discards some packets portions. Discarding of packets will lead to corruption of some part of the image so structural similarity is lower than in the other cases. + +![Figure III.2: Line graph showing Structural similarity (SSIM) vs. Packet loss rate (%) for different MTU transmissions using different protocols. The graph shows that SSIM generally decreases as packet loss rate increases. ProMPEG and UDP maintain higher SSIM than RTP, especially at higher packet loss rates. Larger MTU sizes generally result in higher SSIM for the same protocol and packet loss rate.](befcd1fc29f753206dbe01036a9dca5e_img.jpg) + +| Packet loss rate (%) | ProMPEG mtu=250 | ProMPEG mtu=800 | ProMPEG mtu=1500 | UDP mtu=250 | UDP mtu=800 | UDP mtu=1500 | RTP mtu=250 | RTP mtu=800 | RTP mtu=1500 | +|----------------------|-----------------|-----------------|------------------|-------------|-------------|--------------|-------------|-------------|--------------| +| 0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | +| 1 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.82 | +| 5 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.72 | +| 10 | 0.70 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.70 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.55 | 0.63 | 0.67 | + +Figure III.2: Line graph showing Structural similarity (SSIM) vs. Packet loss rate (%) for different MTU transmissions using different protocols. The graph shows that SSIM generally decreases as packet loss rate increases. ProMPEG and UDP maintain higher SSIM than RTP, especially at higher packet loss rates. Larger MTU sizes generally result in higher SSIM for the same protocol and packet loss rate. + +**Figure III.2 – Dependence of average structural similarity (SSIM) of a 116B video sequence on packet loss rate (PLR) for different MTU transmissions using different protocols** + +Error "migration" depends on the selected GOP structure and related encoding configuration. This effect is demonstrated in Figure III.3 for three subsequent I-pictures for a GOP with I-pictures only. In this case errors appear independently of neighbour pictures. + +![Figure III.3: Comparison of two I-pictures, I-picture N and I-picture N+1. I-picture N shows a clear image of pencils. I-picture N+1 shows the same image but with a horizontal band of corruption (a dashed pink line) circled in red, labeled 'Packet loss effect'.](26aa6023727acd89c3df84889868db1f_img.jpg) + +Figure III.3: Comparison of two I-pictures, I-picture N and I-picture N+1. I-picture N shows a clear image of pencils. I-picture N+1 shows the same image but with a horizontal band of corruption (a dashed pink line) circled in red, labeled 'Packet loss effect'. + +**Figure III.3 – Packet loss effect for I-picture only GOP** + +In the case of usage of inter-picture prediction the situation is different (see Figures III.4 and III.5). Packet loss degrades the video quality. If the interval between key (reference) I-pictures is small, the error does not spread for a long time, but in this case the efficiency of video encoding (compression) will be lower. + +Conversely, if the reference I-pictures are far apart during transmission, the error applies to more pictures. This can be explained by the fact that reference pictures are used for recovery of predicted pictures and/or bi-directionally predicted pictures. So, if a reference picture contains errors and it is used for recovery, the recovered picture will contain the same error because the decoder will interpret this error as a normal part of picture. However, encoding efficiency for bi-directional and unidirectional predictions with long GOPs will be higher. + +![Four video frames showing a mountain landscape. The first frame is a P-picture (N-picture). The second frame is an I-picture (N+1-picture) with a red circle and arrow pointing to a horizontal black bar labeled 'Packet loss effect'. The third frame is a P-picture (N+2-picture) with a red circle and arrow pointing to a horizontal black bar labeled 'Packet loss effect migration'. The fourth frame is an I-picture (N+3-picture). A small text 'J.1630(24)' is at the bottom right.](341079d4915d42960b8d76078f20aa7d_img.jpg) + +Four video frames showing a mountain landscape. The first frame is a P-picture (N-picture). The second frame is an I-picture (N+1-picture) with a red circle and arrow pointing to a horizontal black bar labeled 'Packet loss effect'. The third frame is a P-picture (N+2-picture) with a red circle and arrow pointing to a horizontal black bar labeled 'Packet loss effect migration'. The fourth frame is an I-picture (N+3-picture). A small text 'J.1630(24)' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure III.4 – Packet loss effect for GOP with structure IPIPIP** + +![Four video frames showing a hot air balloon. The first frame is a B-picture (N-picture). The second frame is an I-picture (N+1-picture). The third frame is a B-picture (N+2-picture). The fourth frame is an I-picture (N+3-picture). A small text 'J.1630(24)' is at the bottom right.](056046dca7e7accce010e4fec9266055_img.jpg) + +Four video frames showing a hot air balloon. The first frame is a B-picture (N-picture). The second frame is an I-picture (N+1-picture). The third frame is a B-picture (N+2-picture). The fourth frame is an I-picture (N+3-picture). A small text 'J.1630(24)' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure III.5 – Packet loss effect for GOP with structure IBIBIB** + +The dependence on streaming protocol selection is demonstrated in Figures III.6 to III.8. + +As can be seen, when transmitting via UDP and RTP, the video quality is highest at the minimum GOP length (corresponds to I-only encoding). This behaviour is explained by the fact that the loss of even one packet causes damage to the entire GOP structure in terms of pixel values and other coding information. + +Thus, in the case of GOP structures IP, I4P, I9P, I99P up to 2, 5, 10 and 100 pictures in the GOP structure, are damaged respectively. ProMPEG using forward error correction FEC recovers up to 5% of losses, while the GOP length used does not affect efficiency. This fact can also be seen in Figure I.5 where when transmitting via UDP the intensity of pixel damage increases with increasing GOP length. Practically the same performance is viewed in bi-directionally predicted mode (possibly due to missing the same I- or P-pictures that are used for recovery of B-pictures). + +![Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet loss rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) when transmitting via UDP. The x-axis is logarithmic from 10^-3 to 10^1. The y-axis is linear from 0 to 100. All curves show a sharp increase in pixel error rate as packet loss rate increases, with I99P (yellow dashed line) reaching 80% error rate at 10^1% packet loss.](103781b498cc6846ffc11a041e14dc3e_img.jpg) + +This graph illustrates the relationship between packet loss rate and pixel error rate for different Group of Pictures (GOP) structures when using UDP. The x-axis represents the packet loss rate in percent on a logarithmic scale from 10-3 to 101. The y-axis represents the pixel error rate in percent on a linear scale from 0 to 100. The legend identifies ten GOP structures: I (solid blue), IB (solid orange), I4B (solid yellow), I9B (solid purple), I16B (solid green), IP (solid light blue), I4P (dashed dark red), I9P (dashed dark blue), I49P (dashed orange), and I99P (dashed yellow). All curves show a sharp increase in pixel error rate as packet loss rate increases, with I99P (yellow dashed line) reaching 80% error rate at 101% packet loss. + +Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet loss rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) when transmitting via UDP. The x-axis is logarithmic from 10^-3 to 10^1. The y-axis is linear from 0 to 100. All curves show a sharp increase in pixel error rate as packet loss rate increases, with I99P (yellow dashed line) reaching 80% error rate at 10^1% packet loss. + +Figure III.6 – Dependence of pixel error ratio on PLR for different GOP structures in the case of IP packet loss impairment when transmitting via UDP + +![Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet loss rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) when transmitting via RTP. The x-axis is logarithmic from 10^-3 to 10^1. The y-axis is linear from 30 to 100. All curves show a sharp increase in pixel error rate as packet loss rate increases, with I99P (yellow dashed line) reaching 100% error rate at 10^1% packet loss.](1c2028183a35357e7238438a4af9cab7_img.jpg) + +This graph illustrates the relationship between packet loss rate and pixel error rate for different Group of Pictures (GOP) structures when using RTP. The x-axis represents the packet loss rate in percent on a logarithmic scale from 10-3 to 101. The y-axis represents the pixel error rate in percent on a linear scale from 30 to 100. The legend identifies the same ten GOP structures as Figure III.6. All curves show a sharp increase in pixel error rate as packet loss rate increases, with I99P (yellow dashed line) reaching 100% error rate at 101% packet loss. + +Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet loss rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) when transmitting via RTP. The x-axis is logarithmic from 10^-3 to 10^1. The y-axis is linear from 30 to 100. All curves show a sharp increase in pixel error rate as packet loss rate increases, with I99P (yellow dashed line) reaching 100% error rate at 10^1% packet loss. + +Figure III.7 – Dependence of pixel error ratio on PLR for different GOP structures in case of IP packet loss impairment when transmitting via RTP + +![Figure III.8: Dependence of pixel error ratio on PLR for different GOP structures in case of IP packet loss impairment when transmitting via ProMPEG. The graph shows pixel error rate (%) on the y-axis (0 to 50) versus packet loss rate (%) on a logarithmic x-axis (10^-3 to 10^1).](5fdd55201f3f090a54d10ffe9de2f068_img.jpg) + +| Packet loss rate (%) | I | IB | I4B | I9B | I16B | IP | I4P | I9P | I49P | I99P | +|----------------------|----|----|-----|-----|------|----|-----|-----|------|------| +| 10 -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 1 | 45 | 42 | 25 | 25 | 0 | 34 | 25 | 25 | 12 | 10 | + +Figure III.8: Dependence of pixel error ratio on PLR for different GOP structures in case of IP packet loss impairment when transmitting via ProMPEG. The graph shows pixel error rate (%) on the y-axis (0 to 50) versus packet loss rate (%) on a logarithmic x-axis (10^-3 to 10^1). + +**Figure III.8 – Dependence of pixel error ratio on PLR for different GOP structures in case of IP packet loss impairment when transmitting via ProMPEG** + +Real-time protocol (RTP) gives a higher diversity of results but in this case B-pictures are less sensitive to impairment due to a mechanism of their recovery (there is the possibility that the full content of a picture can be recovered by a reverse prediction process). With PLR = 0.01 the intensity of picture damage is higher with RTP than with UDP alone. + +For ProMPEG the situation is "most positive" because loss of packets is partly (or fully compensated, depending on the intensity of loss and FEC performance) compensated by 2D-FEC decoding. Even with the highest PLR the maximum number of lost pixels is 45% (instead of 100% for RTP). + +**Adaptive video transmission protocols:** Due to the protocol principle, the nature of failures of adaptive streaming technologies differs from other protocols. Considering that such additivity achieved by transmission control protocol (TCP) usage, visibility and reaction to network impairments are specific to TCP transfer. If some IP packets containing MPEG data are corrupted or missing, the cable system waits for successful (or skipped) reception of the required transmission block so the video picture freezes and "waits" for a system decision (block is successfully received or skipped). Therefore, such parameters as the minimum or average video picture freeze duration and number of video freezes for video transmission quality estimation are considered. Examples of such measurements are provided in Figure III.9. + +![Figure III.9: Two line graphs showing the dependence of video freezes on packet loss rate (PLR). Graph (a) shows the number of video freezes increasing from 0 to 46 as PLR increases from 0% to 20%. Graph (b) shows the average duration of video freezes increasing from 0 to 2.18 seconds over the same PLR range. Both graphs show a sharp initial increase at very low PLR levels followed by a more gradual, proportional increase.](fab98272229adb4efe6412d8e556fb67_img.jpg) + +**Data for Figure III.9(a): Number of video freezes vs. Packet loss rate** + +| Packet loss rate (%) | Number of video freezes | +|----------------------|-------------------------| +| 0 | 0 | +| 1 | 4 | +| 5 | 4 | +| 10 | 10 | +| 15 | 28 | +| 20 | 46 | + +**Data for Figure III.9(b): Average duration for video freezes vs. Packet loss rate** + +| Packet loss rate (%) | Average duration for video freezes (seconds) | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------| +| 0 | 0 | +| 1 | 1.0 | +| 5 | 1.0 | +| 10 | 1.4 | +| 15 | 1.8 | +| 20 | 2.18 | + +Figure III.9: Two line graphs showing the dependence of video freezes on packet loss rate (PLR). Graph (a) shows the number of video freezes increasing from 0 to 46 as PLR increases from 0% to 20%. Graph (b) shows the average duration of video freezes increasing from 0 to 2.18 seconds over the same PLR range. Both graphs show a sharp initial increase at very low PLR levels followed by a more gradual, proportional increase. + +**Figure III.9 – Dependence of number of video freezes (a) and the average duration of video freezes (b) on PLR with a data packet size of 500 bytes** + +Based on the data, an increase in PLR results in a directly proportional rise in the number of video freezes. This becomes particularly noticeable at high PLR levels, such as 10% and 20%, where the number of freezes reaches 10 and 46, respectively. This implies that even small data packets can significantly impact the stability of the video stream during periods of high packet loss. + +There is also a direct correlation between the average freeze duration and the PLR level. The average freeze duration increases from nearly zero at low PLR levels to 2.18 seconds at a PLR of 20%. This indicates that a higher level of packet loss in the network leads not only to an increase in the number of freezes but also extends the time for which the video remains frozen. + +At a packet loss rate below 1%, the minimum freeze duration is zero, but as the PLR increases further, the minimum freeze duration grows, despite minor differences in this case. This again underscores the impact of PLR on the stability of the video stream, demonstrating that even the shortest freezes become longer at high PLR levels. + +Figure III.10 notes the most significant dynamics. For PLR up to 0.01%, the maximum freeze duration remains at a low level. However, starting from 0.25%, we observe a notable increase in this metric. At a PLR of 20%, the maximum freeze duration reaches 7.87 seconds, which is a relatively high value and can lead to a significant degradation in user experience during video playback. + +![Line graph titled 'Video 500 kbit/s' showing the relationship between Packet loss rate (%) and Maximum duration of video freezes. The x-axis ranges from 0 to 20% PLR, and the y-axis ranges from 0 to 8 seconds. The curve shows a sharp initial rise from 0 to about 1.7 seconds at 1% PLR, a slight plateau until 5% PLR, and then a steep linear increase to nearly 8 seconds at 20% PLR.](35135a8841884b7bb6fa58c3d9665c13_img.jpg) + +| Packet loss rate, % | Maximum duration of video freezes | +|---------------------|-----------------------------------| +| 0 | 0 | +| 1 | 1.7 | +| 5 | 1.9 | +| 10 | 2.9 | +| 15 | 5.4 | +| 20 | 7.8 | + +J.1630(24) + +Line graph titled 'Video 500 kbit/s' showing the relationship between Packet loss rate (%) and Maximum duration of video freezes. The x-axis ranges from 0 to 20% PLR, and the y-axis ranges from 0 to 8 seconds. The curve shows a sharp initial rise from 0 to about 1.7 seconds at 1% PLR, a slight plateau until 5% PLR, and then a steep linear increase to nearly 8 seconds at 20% PLR. + +**Figure III.10 – Graph depicting the relationship between PLR and the maximum duration of video freezes with a data packet size of 500 bytes** + +Regarding the impact of data packet size, in this case, 500 bytes, it appears that even with a small packet size, a high PLR level can lead to considerable delays and video freezes. This can be particularly critical for real-time video or gaming applications, where delay and video stream smoothness are crucial for user experience quality. + +Overall, these findings underline the importance of a reliable network with low packet loss for high-quality streaming video, regardless of packet size. At higher PLR levels, the average, minimum, and maximum freeze durations increase, resulting in worsened user service quality. Firstly, the increased number of freezes can make the video stream less stable and more intermittent. Secondly, the rise in average and maximum freeze durations can make these freezes more noticeable and disruptive to the user experience. + +Therefore, at high packet loss rates, it might be necessary to employ more effective error correction methods or larger packet sizes to enhance the stability of the video stream. This also underscores the importance of utilizing protocols that can operate effectively under high packet loss conditions, such as MPEG-DASH. + +Exploring the relationship between the number of video freezes and the packet loss rate (PLR) for packets of varying sizes contributes significantly to our understanding of the interaction between these parameters (see Figure III.11). + +- 1) Packets with a size of 500 bytes demonstrated the highest level of stability, with minimal video freezes even under high packet loss rates. This suggests that for data of this size, using small packets might be advisable to ensure transmission stability, particularly in unreliable network conditions. + +![Line graph showing the relationship between the number of video freezes and the packet loss rate (PLR) for four different packet sizes: 500 k, 1200 k, 2000 k, and 3500 k. The x-axis represents the packet loss rate in percentage (0 to 20), and the y-axis represents the number of video freezes (0 to 300). The 3500 k packet size shows the highest number of freezes, reaching nearly 300 at a 20% PLR. The 2000 k packet size follows, reaching about 170. The 1200 k and 500 k packet sizes show significantly fewer freezes, reaching about 50 and 45 respectively at a 20% PLR.](7e97a53863a8df3ff6b3eac89564ee58_img.jpg) + +| Packet loss rate (%) | 500 k (Number of video freezes) | 1200 k (Number of video freezes) | 2000 k (Number of video freezes) | 3500 k (Number of video freezes) | +|----------------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 5 | 5 | 20 | 40 | 45 | +| 10 | 10 | 30 | 110 | 150 | +| 15 | 25 | 40 | 140 | 220 | +| 20 | 45 | 50 | 170 | 290 | + +Line graph showing the relationship between the number of video freezes and the packet loss rate (PLR) for four different packet sizes: 500 k, 1200 k, 2000 k, and 3500 k. The x-axis represents the packet loss rate in percentage (0 to 20), and the y-axis represents the number of video freezes (0 to 300). The 3500 k packet size shows the highest number of freezes, reaching nearly 300 at a 20% PLR. The 2000 k packet size follows, reaching about 170. The 1200 k and 500 k packet sizes show significantly fewer freezes, reaching about 50 and 45 respectively at a 20% PLR. + +**Figure III.11 – Graph illustrating the relationship between the number of video freezes and the packet loss rate (PLR) for packets of various sizes (500, 1 200, 2 000, and 3 500 bytes)** + +- 2) Packets with a size of 1 200 bytes exhibit moderate susceptibility to packet loss, with an increasing number of freezes as PLR grows. This implies that for data of this size, it might be prudent to consider strategies that can mitigate the impact of packet loss, such as retransmission or error correction. +- 3) Packets sized 2 000 bytes and 3 500 bytes proved to be the most vulnerable to freezes as the packet loss rate increases. This suggests that larger data packets may be more prone to freezes due to packet loss, necessitating strategies to handle these losses to maintain video quality. + +The overall analysis of the relationship between the number of video freezes and the average size of dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) segments can be analysed on Figure III.12. Starting from a PLR of 0.001, an increase in the number of video freezes can be observed with higher packet loss rates. Specifically, the number of video freezes increases from 3 at a PLR of 0.001 to 53 at a PLR of 20. + +![Line graph showing the relationship between the number of video freezes and the average DASH segments size for various packet loss rates (PLR). The x-axis represents the average size of DASH segment in MBytes (0 to 3), and the y-axis represents the number of video freezes (0 to 300). The legend indicates PLR values: 0.001% (red), 0.01% (green), 0.25% (blue), 0.5% (black), 1% (magenta), 5% (cyan), 10% (red with circles), and 20% (green with circles). The 0.25% PLR line shows a sharp increase in freezes as segment size increases, reaching nearly 300 at 2.75 MBytes. The 20% PLR line also shows a significant increase, reaching about 150 at 2.75 MBytes. The 10% PLR line increases to about 45. The remaining lines (0.001% to 5%) remain relatively flat, staying below 20 freezes across the range.](25fab88fda841d5eec316c440656187e_img.jpg) + +| Average size of DASH segment, MBytes | PLR = 0.001% | PLR = 0.01% | PLR = 0.25% | PLR = 0.5% | PLR = 1% | PLR = 5% | PLR = 10% | PLR = 20% | +|--------------------------------------|--------------|-------------|-------------|------------|----------|----------|-----------|-----------| +| 0.4 | ~5 | ~5 | ~45 | ~5 | ~5 | ~5 | ~5 | ~10 | +| 0.9 | ~5 | ~5 | ~55 | ~5 | ~5 | ~5 | ~20 | ~35 | +| 1.6 | ~5 | ~5 | ~170 | ~5 | ~5 | ~5 | ~40 | ~110 | +| 2.75 | ~5 | ~5 | ~290 | ~5 | ~5 | ~5 | ~45 | ~150 | + +Line graph showing the relationship between the number of video freezes and the average DASH segments size for various packet loss rates (PLR). The x-axis represents the average size of DASH segment in MBytes (0 to 3), and the y-axis represents the number of video freezes (0 to 300). The legend indicates PLR values: 0.001% (red), 0.01% (green), 0.25% (blue), 0.5% (black), 1% (magenta), 5% (cyan), 10% (red with circles), and 20% (green with circles). The 0.25% PLR line shows a sharp increase in freezes as segment size increases, reaching nearly 300 at 2.75 MBytes. The 20% PLR line also shows a significant increase, reaching about 150 at 2.75 MBytes. The 10% PLR line increases to about 45. The remaining lines (0.001% to 5%) remain relatively flat, staying below 20 freezes across the range. + +**Figure III.12 – Relationship between the number of video freezes and the average DASH segments size** + +This indicates that as packet loss rates increase, the likelihood of video freezes also increases. The ratio of the number of video freezes to the average length of DASH segments tends to rise, indicating that higher packet loss rates lead to a greater likelihood of interruptions in the video stream. + +Furthermore, the average video delay also exhibits an increasing trend with higher packet loss rates. This again emphasizes that higher packet loss levels result in a deterioration of video stream quality. + +Overall, these findings demonstrate that packet size management and adaptation to network conditions can be effective tools for enhancing video stream quality in networks with high packet loss rates. + +Analysing the provided data, it is evident that the subjective assessment of video quality is interdependent on the bit-rate and the packet loss rate (PLR). With an increase in PLR, the subjective quality assessment decreases, as expected, since packet loss can lead to video interruptions or image quality degradation. + +Regarding the digital stream bit-rate, the data shows that users generally rate video quality higher at lower stream bit-rates compared to higher bit-rates. This might be due to the increased risk of packet loss at higher stream bit-rates, which can negatively impact video playback. + +In addition, there appear to be certain threshold packet loss values at which the subjective quality assessment sharply declines. For instance, at a stream bit-rates of 500 kbit/s, a significant drop in quality assessment occurs when transitioning from a 1% PLR to 5% PLR. + +However, it is important to note that there are significant individual variations in quality assessments across different stream bit-rates at the same PLR levels (see Figure III.13). This indicates that factors other than bit-rate and packet loss level also influence the subjective quality assessment of video. + +![Bar chart showing the relationship between subjective assessment of video transmission quality (Rate of subjective impairment scale) and packet loss rate coefficients for different digital video stream rates (500, 1200, 2000, 3500 kbit/s). The Y-axis ranges from 0.00 to 5.00. The X-axis shows packet loss rates: 0.001, 0.01, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20. The legend indicates four stream rates: 500 kbit/s (blue), 1200 kbits (orange), 2000 kbit/s (grey), and 3500 kbit/s (yellow).](76959415a1298a6f58ea1fff16fb01b6_img.jpg) + +| Packet loss rate, % | 500 kbit/s | 1200 kbits | 2000 kbit/s | 3500 kbit/s | +|---------------------|------------|------------|-------------|-------------| +| 0.001 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | +| 0.01 | 5.00 | 4.10 | 4.10 | 4.10 | +| 0.25 | 5.00 | 4.10 | 4.10 | 4.10 | +| 0.5 | 5.00 | 4.10 | 4.10 | 4.10 | +| 1 | 4.60 | 4.10 | 4.10 | 3.10 | +| 5 | 4.10 | 3.10 | 3.10 | 3.10 | +| 10 | 3.10 | 2.10 | 2.10 | 2.10 | +| 20 | 2.10 | 2.10 | 1.10 | 1.10 | + +Bar chart showing the relationship between subjective assessment of video transmission quality (Rate of subjective impairment scale) and packet loss rate coefficients for different digital video stream rates (500, 1200, 2000, 3500 kbit/s). The Y-axis ranges from 0.00 to 5.00. The X-axis shows packet loss rates: 0.001, 0.01, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20. The legend indicates four stream rates: 500 kbit/s (blue), 1200 kbits (orange), 2000 kbit/s (grey), and 3500 kbit/s (yellow). + +**Figure III.13 – Relationship between the subjective assessment of video transmission quality at different digital video stream rates and the packet loss rate coefficients** + +All of this underscores the importance of optimizing both bit-rates and packet loss levels to ensure proper video transmission quality that users will perceive positively. + +Also, in the case of adaptive streaming technologies, the network reconfiguration approach is not so explicit due to the indirect dependence of the adaptive streaming transmission block (chunk, segment, etc.) size and MPEG stream structure (encoder configuration). + +# Appendix IV + +## Example of packet duplication estimation + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +The influence of packet duplication is demonstrated in Figures IV.1 to IV.4. Packet duplication for RTP should not be a problem because RTP, unlike UDP, contains a sequence number, and the receiver discards duplicates. However, before the receiver reads the sequence numbers, all packets fall into the buffer for further processing, and frequent repetition overloads it, which prevents the loading of other packets. For receivers, in which the buffer size is not limited, duplication of up to 99% does not affect playback at all. In the case of other protocols with packets containing error control information, especially ProMPEG and IP protocol, they give poorer performance, due to increasing of the overload of the buffer. + +![Figure IV.1: Dependence of average structural similarity (SSIM) of I4P video sequences on packet duplication rate (PDR) for different MTU transmissions using UDP, RTP, and ProMPEG protocols. The graph shows SSIM on the y-axis (0 to 1) versus PDR on the x-axis (0 to 50%).](7f234b3b7a519b40d4be573d9b26f3c6_img.jpg) + +The graph illustrates the Structural Similarity (SSIM) of I4P video sequences as a function of the Packet Duplication Rate (PDR) for various network protocols and MTU sizes. The x-axis represents the PDR from 0% to 50%, and the y-axis represents the SSIM from 0 to 1. The legend identifies nine data series: ProMPEG (mtu = 250, 800, 1500), UDP (mtu = 250, 800, 1500), and RTP (mtu = 250, 800, 1500). ProMPEG and RTP show a significant drop in SSIM as PDR increases, while UDP maintains a higher SSIM. The ProMPEG mtu = 1500 series shows a sharp drop to zero SSIM at 50% PDR. + +| Packet duplication rate, % | ProMPEG, mtu = 250 | ProMPEG, mtu = 800 | ProMPEG, mtu = 1500 | UDP, mtu = 250 | UDP, mtu = 800 | UDP, mtu = 1500 | RTP, mtu = 250 | RTP, mtu = 800 | RTP, mtu = 1500 | +|----------------------------|--------------------|--------------------|---------------------|----------------|----------------|-----------------|----------------|----------------|-----------------| +| 0 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | +| 5 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | +| 10 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.90 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | +| 15 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.60 | +| 20 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.85 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | +| 25 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.82 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | +| 30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | +| 35 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.78 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | +| 40 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.75 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | +| 45 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.72 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | +| 50 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | + +Figure IV.1: Dependence of average structural similarity (SSIM) of I4P video sequences on packet duplication rate (PDR) for different MTU transmissions using UDP, RTP, and ProMPEG protocols. The graph shows SSIM on the y-axis (0 to 1) versus PDR on the x-axis (0 to 50%). + +**Figure IV.1 – Dependence of average structural similarity (SSIM) of I4P video sequences on packet duplication rate (PDR) for different MTU transmissions using UDP, RTP, and ProMPEG protocols** + +Previously, it was indicated that the video quality when packets are duplicated is affected by the limited size of the receiver buffer, which can become heavily overloaded by duplicates. In the case of P-picture based predictions, the performance of a streaming service in terms of pixel errors are grouped near the same domain. B-pictures are affected to a higher extent due to the fact that the prediction process and video sequences with longer GOPs provide higher immunity to duplicates than shorter GOPs. RTP provides more localized performance practically for all types of GOP due to the duplicates removing property. However, depending on the intensity of impairment, RTP is not always successful due to the reduplication process and long sequences of packets are lost due to buffer overload. + +ProMPEG again gives better performance in terms of immunity to impairment because in the case of buffer overload some portion of the data is lost and this is equivalent (in some manner) to packet loss and 2D-FEC provides good solutions to mitigate this process. At its peak for intra-picture predictions (I-pictures only) pixel error rate corresponds to 18%. For B-predictions and P-predictions these respective values are 15% and 12% (instead 45% or 100% in case of other protocols). + +![Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet duplication rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) using UDP. The graph shows that as the packet duplication rate increases, the pixel error rate generally increases for all GOP structures. The I4B and I99P structures show the highest error rates at high duplication rates, while the I structure shows the lowest.](6ef03c6e28f2f1fd4f98529146ffeccc_img.jpg) + +This line graph illustrates the relationship between the packet duplication rate (PDR) and the pixel error rate for different Group of Pictures (GOP) structures when using UDP for transmission. The x-axis represents the PDR in percentage on a logarithmic scale from $10^{-3}$ to $10^2$ . The y-axis represents the pixel error rate in percentage from 0 to 100. The legend identifies ten GOP structures: I (solid blue line), IB (solid orange line), I4B (solid yellow line), I9B (solid purple line), I16B (solid green line), IP (solid light blue line), I4P (dashed red line), I9P (dashed dark blue line), I49P (dashed orange line), and I99P (dashed yellow line). The I4B and I99P structures show the highest error rates, reaching nearly 100% at high PDRs. The I structure shows the lowest error rate, remaining below 20% even at high PDRs. + +| Packet duplication rate, % | I | IB | I4B | I9B | I16B | IP | I4P | I9P | I49P | I99P | +|----------------------------|----|----|-----|-----|------|----|-----|-----|------|------| +| $10^{-3}$ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| $10^{-2}$ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| $10^{-1}$ | 0 | 0 | 33 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 10 | +| $10^0$ | 8 | 50 | 60 | 23 | 36 | 0 | 38 | 48 | 35 | 35 | +| $10^1$ | 15 | 78 | 80 | 80 | 48 | 15 | 60 | 65 | 65 | 80 | +| $10^2$ | 15 | 80 | 80 | 85 | 60 | 80 | 65 | 70 | 70 | 100 | + +Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet duplication rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) using UDP. The graph shows that as the packet duplication rate increases, the pixel error rate generally increases for all GOP structures. The I4B and I99P structures show the highest error rates at high duplication rates, while the I structure shows the lowest. + +Figure IV.2 – Dependence of pixel error ratio on PDR in the case of IP packet duplication impairment for different GOP structures (transmissions using UDP) + +![Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet duplication rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) using RTP. The graph shows that as the packet duplication rate increases, the pixel error rate generally increases for all GOP structures. The I4B and I99P structures show the highest error rates at high duplication rates, while the I structure shows the lowest.](7e2465b81aed11b2e58575a811424b75_img.jpg) + +This line graph illustrates the relationship between the packet duplication rate (PDR) and the pixel error rate for different Group of Pictures (GOP) structures when using RTP for transmission. The x-axis represents the PDR in percentage on a logarithmic scale from $10^{-3}$ to $10^2$ . The y-axis represents the pixel error rate in percentage from 0 to 100. The legend identifies ten GOP structures: I (solid blue line), IB (solid orange line), I4B (solid yellow line), I9B (solid purple line), I16B (solid green line), IP (solid light blue line), I4P (dashed red line), I9P (dashed dark blue line), I49P (dashed orange line), and I99P (dashed yellow line). The I4B and I99P structures show the highest error rates, reaching nearly 90% at high PDRs. The I structure shows the lowest error rate, reaching about 85% at high PDRs. + +| Packet duplication rate, % | I | IB | I4B | I9B | I16B | IP | I4P | I9P | I49P | I99P | +|----------------------------|----|----|-----|-----|------|----|-----|-----|------|------| +| $10^{-3}$ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| $10^{-2}$ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| $10^{-1}$ | 5 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 18 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 10 | +| $10^0$ | 15 | 35 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 15 | 35 | 30 | 35 | 35 | +| $10^1$ | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | +| $10^2$ | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | + +Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet duplication rate (%) for various GOP structures (I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, I99P) using RTP. The graph shows that as the packet duplication rate increases, the pixel error rate generally increases for all GOP structures. The I4B and I99P structures show the highest error rates at high duplication rates, while the I structure shows the lowest. + +Figure IV.3 – Dependence of pixel error ratio on PDR for different GOP structures in the case of IP packet duplication impairment (transmissions using RTP) + +![Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet duplication rate (%) for various GOP structures. The x-axis is logarithmic from 10^-3 to 10^1. The y-axis is linear from 0 to 18. The legend includes I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, and I99P. The graph shows that as the packet duplication rate increases, the pixel error rate generally increases for most GOP structures, with the 'I' structure showing the highest error rate at high duplication rates.](96b090628713287072839afc1b077881_img.jpg) + +| Packet duplication rate, % | I | IB | I4B | I9B | I16B | IP | I4P | I9P | I49P | I99P | +|----------------------------|------|-----|-----|-----|------|-----|------|-----|------|------| +| 10 -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 0 | 11.2 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 10 1 | 18.0 | 5.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 11.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + +Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet duplication rate (%) for various GOP structures. The x-axis is logarithmic from 10^-3 to 10^1. The y-axis is linear from 0 to 18. The legend includes I, IB, I4B, I9B, I16B, IP, I4P, I9P, I49P, and I99P. The graph shows that as the packet duplication rate increases, the pixel error rate generally increases for most GOP structures, with the 'I' structure showing the highest error rate at high duplication rates. + +**Figure IV.4 – Dependence of pixel error ratio on PDR for different GOP structures in the case of IP packet duplication impairment (transmissions using ProMPEG)** + +# Appendix V + +## Example of IP packet jitter estimation + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Figure V.1 shows video with the GOP structure of I49P (49 predicted sequential pictures) taken for RTP only. UDP packets do not contain a sequence number and therefore cannot sort the packets in which the sequence came to the receiver so it reproduces data as it comes, and therefore even a packet delay of 1 ms of video leads to a "scatter" effect. + +![Line graph showing Structural similarity (SSIM) vs Packet delay (ms) for different MTU transmissions (250, 800, 1500 bytes). The graph shows that as packet delay increases, SSIM decreases for all MTU sizes. The MTU = 1500 bytes (green line with triangles) maintains the highest SSIM, while MTU = 250 bytes (red line) maintains the lowest. MTU = 800 bytes (blue line with circles) shows intermediate performance.](11a2ed9ad059f4289e4475247d633e88_img.jpg) + +| Packet delay, ms | MTU = 250 bytes (SSIM) | MTU = 800 bytes (SSIM) | MTU = 1500 bytes (SSIM) | +|------------------|------------------------|------------------------|-------------------------| +| 10 | 0.89 | 0.97 | 1.00 | +| 20 | 0.86 | 0.96 | 1.00 | +| 30 | 0.85 | 0.97 | 1.00 | +| 40 | 0.83 | 0.94 | 0.98 | +| 50 | 0.81 | 0.94 | 0.98 | +| 60 | 0.82 | 0.94 | 0.93 | +| 70 | 0.80 | 0.87 | 0.82 | +| 80 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.81 | +| 90 | 0.79 | 0.81 | 0.78 | + +Line graph showing Structural similarity (SSIM) vs Packet delay (ms) for different MTU transmissions (250, 800, 1500 bytes). The graph shows that as packet delay increases, SSIM decreases for all MTU sizes. The MTU = 1500 bytes (green line with triangles) maintains the highest SSIM, while MTU = 250 bytes (red line) maintains the lowest. MTU = 800 bytes (blue line with circles) shows intermediate performance. + +**Figure V.1 – Dependence of average structural similarity (SSIM) of I49P video sequences on packet delay for different MTU transmissions using RTP protocol** + +When transmitting via RTP, the media player copes with time delays much more easily. When the MTU = 1 500 bytes, this proved to be the most efficient size. This is due to fact that the media player can sort up to 20-30 packets and in the case of a lack of packets, the program after some time (30 ms), will assume that the packet is lost. + +In the case of RTP, the length of the GOP structure when packets are delayed has practically no effect on the video quality (see Figure V.2). The critical delay value corresponds to 30 ms because after exceeding this value the number of pixel errors increases dramatically and corresponds to 70-90%. + +![Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet delay (ms) for various GOP structures. The graph shows that for most structures, the pixel error rate is 0% until a packet delay of 30 ms, after which it increases sharply. The 'I' structure shows a sharp increase starting at 50 ms delay. The 'I9P' and 'I99P' structures show the highest error rates at 90 ms delay, reaching approximately 85% and 90% respectively.](f4b18e76e0aa0f9625a027b444379b51_img.jpg) + +| Packet delay, ms | I | IB | I4B | I9B | I16B | IP | I4P | I9P | I49P | I99P | +|------------------|----|----|-----|-----|------|----|-----|-----|------|------| +| 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| 40 | 0 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | +| 50 | 0 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | +| 60 | 55 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | +| 70 | 65 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | +| 80 | 75 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | +| 90 | 80 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 90 | + +Line graph showing Pixel error rate (%) vs Packet delay (ms) for various GOP structures. The graph shows that for most structures, the pixel error rate is 0% until a packet delay of 30 ms, after which it increases sharply. The 'I' structure shows a sharp increase starting at 50 ms delay. The 'I9P' and 'I99P' structures show the highest error rates at 90 ms delay, reaching approximately 85% and 90% respectively. + +**Figure V.2 – Dependence of pixel error ratio on packet delay time for different GOP structures (transmissions using RTP)** + +It should also be noted that the permissible delay between audio/video signals in set-top boxes (or software equivalent) is 30 ms so limiting the delay to this size is a good solution for all protocols and GOP structures. + +# Appendix VI + +## Example of network requirements of cloud VR according to Recommendation ITU-T J.1631 + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +This appendix contains informative material concerning the network requirements of cloud VR services. + +### VI.1 Example of E2E network real-time transmission (RTT) requirements of cloud VR + +The evolution of cloud VR service experience is divided into the following four phases: fair experience phase (FEP), comfortable experience phase (CEP), ideal experience phase (IEP) and ultimate experience phase (UEP). In these four phases, the typical content is 4K, 8K, 12K and 24K, respectively. The terminal screen resolution is typically 2K, 4K, 8K and 16K, respectively. The quality of image viewed by users is equivalent to the pixels per degree (PPD) effect of 240P/380P, 480P, 1080P and 4K on a traditional TV respectively, see [ITU-T J.1631]. + +Table VI.1 describes the suggested network latency requirement values that need to be considered in each phase. fair experience phase (FEP), comfortable experience phase (CEP), ideal experience phase (IEP) and ultimate experience phase (UEP). + +**Table VI.1 – Example of E2E network RTT requirements of cloud VR** + +| Phase | Transmission distance | FEP | CEP | IEP | UEP | +|-----------------|-----------------------|--------|--------|--------|-------| +| E2E network RTT | <600 km | <20 ms | <20 ms | <10 ms | <8 ms | + +NOTE 1 – Network latency requirements of cloud VR services in FEP are based on experimental results. + +NOTE 2 – Network latency requirements of cloud VR services in CEP, IEP and UEP are suggested values. + +## VI.2 Example of network delay jitter requirements of cloud VR + +Table VI.2 describes the suggested network delay jitter requirement that needs to be considered in each phase. + +**Table VI.2 – Example of network delay jitter requirements of cloud VR** + +| Phase | FEP | CEP | IEP | UEP | +|--------------------|--------|--------|--------|-------| +| Total delay jitter | <15 ms | <15 ms | <10 ms | <7 ms | + +NOTE 1 – Network delay jitter requirements of cloud VR services in FEP are based on experimental results. + +NOTE 2 – Network delay jitter requirements of cloud VR services in CEP, IEP and UEP are suggested values. + +## VI.3 Example of network bandwidth requirements of cloud VR + +Table VI.3 describes the suggested per-user bandwidth requirements of strong-interaction and weak-interaction services that need to be considered in each phase. + +**Table VI.3 – Example of network bandwidth requirements of cloud VR** + +| Phase | FEP | CEP | IEP | UEP | +|------------------------------|------|-----|-----|------| +| Typical full-view resolution | 4K | 8K | 12K | 24K~ | +| Typical terminal resolution | 2–3K | 4K | 8K | 16K~ | + +**Table VI.3 – Example of network bandwidth requirements of cloud VR** + +| Phase | | FEP | CEP | IEP | UEP | +|-------------------------------|-----------------------|----------------------------|----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------| +| Weak-interaction VR service | Bit rate | Full-view $\geq 40$ Mbit/s | FOV $\geq 80$ Mbit/s | FOV $\geq 280$ Mbit/s | FOV $\geq 760$ Mbit/s | +| | Bandwidth requirement | $\geq 60$ Mbit/s | $\geq 120$ Mbit/s | $\geq 420$ Mbit/s | $\geq 1\ 140$ Mbit/s | +| Strong-interaction VR service | Bit rate | $\geq 40$ Mbit/s | $\geq 65$ Mbit/s | $\geq 270$ Mbit/s | $\geq 770$ Mbit/s | +| | Bandwidth requirement | $\geq 80$ Mbit/s | $\geq 130$ Mbit/s | $\geq 540$ Mbit/s | $\geq 1\ 540$ Mbit/s | + +NOTE 1 – Network bandwidth requirements of cloud VR services in FEP are based on experimental results. + +NOTE 2 – Network bandwidth requirements of cloud VR services in CEP, IEP and UEP are based on theoretical calculation. + +## VI.4 Example of network packet loss requirements of cloud VR + +Table VI.4 describes the suggested network packet loss rate requirements of weak-interaction services that need to be considered in each phase. + +**Table VI.4 – Example of network packet loss requirements of weak-interaction cloud VR services** + +| Phase | FEP | CEP | IEP | UEP | +|------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|----------------| +| RTT | 30 ms | 20 ms | 10 ms | 10 ms | +| Bandwidth | 60 Mbit/s | 120 Mbit/s | 420 Mbit/s | 1 140 Mbit/s | +| Packet loss rate | $\leq 10^{-4}$ | $\leq 10^{-5}$ | $\leq 10^{-6}$ | $\leq 10^{-6}$ | + +NOTE 1 – Network packet loss rate requirements of weak-interaction cloud VR services in FEP are based on experimental results. + +NOTE 2 – Network packet loss rate requirements of weak-interaction cloud VR services in CEP, IEP and UEP are based on theoretical calculation. + +Table VI.5 describes the suggested network packet loss rate requirements of strong-interaction services that need to be considered in each phase. + +**Table VI.5 – Example of network packet loss requirements of strong-interaction cloud VR** + +| Phase | FEP | CEP | IEP | UEP | +|------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|----------------| +| RTT | 20 ms | 20 ms | 10 ms | 8 ms | +| Bandwidth | 80 Mbit/s | 130 Mbit/s | 540 Mbit/s | 1 540 Mbit/s | +| Packet loss rate | $\leq 10^{-5}$ | $\leq 10^{-6}$ | $\leq 10^{-7}$ | $\leq 10^{-7}$ | + +NOTE 1 – Network packet loss rate requirements of strong-interaction cloud VR services in FEP are based on experimental results. + +NOTE 2 – Network packet loss rate requirements of strong-interaction cloud VR services in CEP, IEP and UEP are based on theoretical calculation. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T G.1050] Recommendation ITU-T G.1050 (2016), *Network model for evaluating multimedia transmission performance over Internet Protocol.* +- [b-ITU-T G.1080] Recommendation ITU-T G.1080 (2008), *Quality of experience requirements for IPTV services.* +- [b-ITU-T G.1081] Recommendation ITU-T G.1081 (2008), *Performance monitoring points for IPTV.* +- [b-ITU-T J.145] Recommendation ITU-T J.145 (2001), *Measurement and control of the quality of service for sound transmission over contribution and distribution networks.* +- [b-ITU-T J.301] Recommendation ITU-T J.301 (2014), *Requirements for augmented reality smart television systems.* +- [b-ITU-T P.10] Recommendation ITU-T P.10/G.100 (2017), *Vocabulary for performance, quality of service and quality of experience.* +- [b-ITU-T X.149] Recommendation ITU-T X.149 (2003), *Performance of IP networks when supported by public Frame Relay data networks.* +- [b-ITU-R BT.1683] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1683 (2004), *Objective perceptual video quality measurement techniques for standard definition digital broadcast television in the presence of a full reference.* +- [b-ITU-R BT.2420-0] Recommendation ITU-R BT.2420-0 (2018), *Collection of usage scenarios and current statuses of advanced immersive audio-visual (AIAV) systems.* +- [b-ETSI TR 101 290] ETSI TR 101 290 V1.4.1 (2020), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Measurement guidelines for DVB systems.* +- [b-ETSI ES 202 765-2] ETSI ES 202 765-2 V1.2.1 (2014), *Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); QoS and network performance metrics and measurement methods; Part 2: Transmission Quality Indicator combining Voice Quality Metrics.* +- [b-ISO/IEC 30134-1] ISO/IEC 30134-1:2016, *Information technology – Data centres – Key performance indicators.* + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.166-200712-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.166-200712-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d5a35041124e73f88d6638cd17f42a2eb4f6781a --- /dev/null +++ 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a/marked/J/T-REC-J.166-200712-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.166-200712-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ad52cc21d0a2e9ab166e116e30e14393df50d0f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.166-200712-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,6358 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.166** + +(12/2007) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +# --- **IPCablecom Management Information Base (MIB) framework** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.166 + + + +## **ITU-T Recommendation J.166** + +# **IPCablecom Management Information Base (MIB) framework** + +## **Summary** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.166 describes the framework in which IPCablecom MIBs (management information base) are defined. It provides information on the management requirements of IPCablecom-specified devices and functions and how these requirements are supported in the MIB. It is intended to support and complement the actual MIB Recommendations, which are included as annexes. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.166 was approved on 14 December 2007 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2008 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 Normative references..... | 1 | +| 2.2 Informative references..... | 2 | +| 3 Terms and definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and conventions..... | 3 | +| 4.1 Abbreviations ..... | 3 | +| 4.2 Conventions..... | 3 | +| 5 Overview ..... | 4 | +| 5.1 IPCablecom reference architecture..... | 4 | +| 5.2 General requirements..... | 4 | +| 5.3 Functional requirements ..... | 8 | +| 6 MIBs available in an IPCablecom network..... | 9 | +| 6.1 DOCSIS MIB modules..... | 10 | +| 6.2 IF MIB..... | 10 | +| 6.3 MIB II..... | 10 | +| 6.4 Ethernet MIB..... | 13 | +| 6.5 Annex C..... | 13 | +| 6.6 Annex B..... | 13 | +| 6.7 Event Management MIB ..... | 13 | +| 6.8 SNMP MIB..... | 14 | +| 6.9 IPCablecom Extension MIB..... | 14 | +| 6.10 eDOCSIS eSAFE MIB ..... | 14 | +| 6.11 Battery backup UPS MIB..... | 14 | +| 7 IPCablecom MIB module implementation..... | 14 | +| 7.1 MTA components..... | 14 | +| 7.2 MIB layering ..... | 15 | +| 8 Organization of the MIBs ..... | 16 | +| 8.1 Definition MIB ..... | 16 | +| 8.2 MTA MIB..... | 16 | +| 8.3 Signalling MIB ..... | 17 | +| 8.4 MEM MIB..... | 17 | +| 8.5 MTA Extension MIB..... | 17 | +| 8.6 Signalling Extension MIB ..... | 17 | +| 8.7 Battery backup MIB ..... | 17 | +| Annex A – MIB import data ..... | 18 | +| Annex B – MTA MIB..... | 24 | + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------|----| +| Annex C – Network call signalling MIB ..... | 53 | +| Annex D – Management Event MIB ..... | 76 | +| Annex E – Extension MTA MIB ..... | 88 | +| Annex F – Signalling Extension MIB..... | 90 | + +# IPCablecom Management Information Base (MIB) framework + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the framework in which IPCablecom MIBs (management information base) are defined. It provides information on the management requirements of IPCablecom-specified devices and functions and how these requirements are supported in the MIB. It is intended to support and complement the actual MIB Recommendations, which are included as annexes. + +NOTE – The structure and content of this Recommendation have been organized for ease of use by those familiar with the original source material; as such, the usual style of ITU-T Recommendations has not been applied. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.112-A] ITU-T Recommendation J.112 Annex A (2001), *Digital Video Broadcasting: DVB interaction channel for cable TV (CATV) distribution systems.* +- [ITU-T J.112-B] ITU-T Recommendation J.112 Annex B (2004), *Data-over-cable service interface specifications: Radio-frequency interface specification.* +- [ITU-T J.162] ITU-T Recommendation J.162 (2007), *Network call signalling protocol for the delivery of time-critical services over cable television networks using cable modems.* +- [ITU-T J.167] ITU-T Recommendation J.167 (2007), *Media terminal adapter (MTA) device provisioning requirements for the delivery of real-time services over cable television networks using cable modems.* +- [ITU-T J.170] ITU-T Recommendation J.170 (2005), *IPCablecom security specification.* +- [ITU-T J.176] ITU-T Recommendation J.176 (2002), *IPCablecom management event mechanism MIB.* +- [ITU-T J.199] ITU-T Recommendation J.199 (2006), *Battery backup for cable based devices.* +- [IETF RFC 1907] IETF RFC 1907 (1996), *Management Information Base for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).* +- [IETF RFC 2011] IETF RFC 2011 (1996), *SNMPv2 Management Information Base for the Internet Protocol using SMIPv2.* +- [IETF RFC 2013] IETF RFC 2013 (1996), *SNMPv2 Management Information Base for the User Datagram Protocol using SMIPv2.* + +- [IETF RFC 2578] IETF RFC 2578 (1999), *Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)*. +- [IETF RFC 2579] IETF RFC 2579 (1999), *Textual Conventions for SMIv2*. +- [IETF RFC 2863] IETF RFC 2863 (2000), *The Interfaces Group MIB*. +- [ANSI/SCTE 23-3] ANSI/SCTE 23-3 (2005), *DOCSIS 1.1 Part 3: Operations Support System Interface*. +- [ANSI/SCTE 79-2] ANSI/SCTE 79-2 (2002), *DOCS 2.0 Operations Support System Interface*. + +## 2.2 Informative references + +- [ITU-T J.160] ITU-T Recommendation J.160 (2005), *Architectural framework for the delivery of time-critical services over cable television networks using cable modems*. +- [IETF RFC 1493] IETF RFC 1493 (1993), *Definitions of Managed Objects for Bridges*. +- [IETF RFC 1643] IETF RFC 1643 (1994), *Definitions of Managed Objects for the Ethernet-like Interface Types*. +- [IETF RFC 2571] IETF RFC 2571 (1999), *An Architecture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks*. +- [IETF RFC 2572] IETF RFC 2572 (1999), *Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [IETF RFC 2573] IETF RFC 2573 (1999), *SNMP Applications*. +- [IETF RFC 2574] IETF RFC 2574 (1999), *User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)*. +- [IETF RFC 2575] IETF RFC 2575 (1999), *View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [IETF RFC 4293] IETF RFC 4293 (2006), *Management Information Base for the Internet Protocol (IP)*. +- [IETF RFC 4682] IETF RFC 4682 (2006), *Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA) Management Information Base for PacketCable- and IPCablecom-Compliant Devices*. +- [IETF RFC 5098] IETF RFC 5098 (2008), *Signaling MIB for PacketCable and IPCablecom Multimedia Terminal Adapters (MTAs)*. +- [CM-SP-OSSIV3.0] *Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications, DOCSIS 3.0, Operations Support System Interface Specification*, CM-SP-OSSIV3.0-I01-061207, December 7, 2006, Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. +- [draft-ietf-ipcdn-pktc-eventmess-09] IETF Internet Draft, *Management Event Management Information Base (MIB) for PacketCable- and IPCablecom-Compliant Devices*, (draft-ietf-ipcdn-pktc-eventmess-09), October 2006. + +# 3 Terms and definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.1 cable modem:** A cable modem is a layer-two termination device that terminates the customer end of the ITU-T J.112/J.122 connection. + +**3.2 IPCablecom:** An ITU-T project that includes an architecture and a series of Recommendations that enable the delivery of real-time services over the cable television networks using cable modems. + +**3.3 management information base (MIB):** The specification of information in a manner that allows standard access through a network management protocol. + +**3.4 media terminal adapter (MTA):** Contains the interface to a physical voice device, a network interface, CODECs, and all signalling and encapsulation functions required for VoIP transport, class features signalling and QoS signalling. + +**3.5 quality of service (QoS):** Guarantees network bandwidth and availability for applications. + +# **4 Abbreviations and conventions** + +## **4.1 Abbreviations** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +CM Cable Modem + +MIB Management Information Base + +MTA Media Terminal Adapter + +NCS Network Call Signalling + +QoS Quality of Service + +## **4.2 Conventions** + +Throughout this Recommendation, the words that are used to define the significance of particular requirements are capitalized. These words are: + +**"MUST"** This word or the adjective "REQUIRED" means that the item is an absolute requirement of this Recommendation. + +**"MUST NOT"** This phrase means that the item is an absolute prohibition of this Recommendation. + +**"SHOULD"** This word or the adjective "RECOMMENDED" means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore this item, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before choosing a different course. + +**"SHOULD NOT"** This phrase means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the listed behaviour is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before implementing any behaviour described with this label. + +**"MAY"** This word or the adjective "OPTIONAL" means that this item is truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item because a particular marketplace requires it or because it enhances the product, for example; another vendor may omit the same. + +# 5 Overview + +IPCablecom MIB modules are designed to provide necessary functionality defined in IPCablecom Recommendations. MIBs that are developed for IPCablecom support embedded media terminal adapters (MTAs) and in most cases stand-alone MTAs and provide definitions for call signalling and MTA device provisioning functions. Future IPCablecom development phases will include other functional areas as well as requirements for other IPCablecom components, which will be considered for MIB module development. IPCablecom functional areas that are being studied for future IPCablecom MIB definition include ITU-T Rec. J.161, [ITU-T J.162], [ITU-T J.167], [ITU-T J.170] and [ITU-T J.176]. Additionally, in this specification, the term "DOCSIS" is used to refer to DOCSIS version 1.1 [ITU-T J.112], DOCSIS version 2 (ITU-T Rec. J.122) or DOCSIS version 3 (ITU-T Recs J.21x and J.22x series), unless explicitly specified otherwise. + +## 5.1 IPCablecom reference architecture + +The conceptual diagram for the IPCablecom architecture is shown in Figure 1. Please refer to [ITU-T J.160] for more detailed information concerning the IPCablecom architecture. + +![Figure 1 – IPCablecom network component reference model (partial). The diagram shows two client types (Embedded MTA client and Stand-alone MTA client) connected to HFC Access Networks (DOCSIS) via Cable Modems and CMTS units. These are connected to a central Managed IP Network (with QoS features). The Managed IP Network is connected to a Call Management Server (CMS) containing Call Agent (CA) and Gate Controller (GC), a Media Gateway Controller (MGC) containing Media Gateway (MG) and Signalling Gateway (SG), and an OSS (Back office servers and applications). The OSS is connected to a list of servers: Key Distribution Centre (KDC), DHCP Servers, DNS Servers, TFTP or HTTP Servers, SYSLOG Server, Record Keeping Server (RKS), and Provisioning Server. The Media Gateway (MG) is connected to a Public Switched Telephone Network.](daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IPCablecom network component reference model. At the top left, an 'Embedded MTA client' consists of an 'E-MTA' and a 'Cable Modem' connected to an 'HFC Access Network (DOCSIS)' which is then connected to a 'CMTS'. At the bottom left, a 'Stand-alone MTA client' consists of an 'S-MTA' and a 'Cable Modem' connected to an 'HFC Access Network (DOCSIS)' which is then connected to a 'CMTS'. Both 'CMTS' units are connected to a central 'Managed IP Network (QoS features) (Headend, Local, Regional)'. This network is connected to a 'Call Management Server (CMS)' which contains a 'Call Agent (CA)' and a 'Gate Controller (GC)'. It is also connected to a 'Media Gateway Controller (MGC)' which contains a 'Media Gateway (MG)' and a 'Signalling Gateway (SG)'. The 'MGC' is connected to a 'Public Switched Telephone Network'. The 'Managed IP Network' is also connected to an 'OSS Back office servers and applications' block, which lists the following components: Key Distribution Centre (KDC), DHCP Servers, DNS Servers, TFTP or HTTP Servers, SYSLOG Server, Record Keeping Server (RKS), and Provisioning Server. The diagram is labeled 'J.166(07)\_F01' in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 1 – IPCablecom network component reference model (partial). The diagram shows two client types (Embedded MTA client and Stand-alone MTA client) connected to HFC Access Networks (DOCSIS) via Cable Modems and CMTS units. These are connected to a central Managed IP Network (with QoS features). The Managed IP Network is connected to a Call Management Server (CMS) containing Call Agent (CA) and Gate Controller (GC), a Media Gateway Controller (MGC) containing Media Gateway (MG) and Signalling Gateway (SG), and an OSS (Back office servers and applications). The OSS is connected to a list of servers: Key Distribution Centre (KDC), DHCP Servers, DNS Servers, TFTP or HTTP Servers, SYSLOG Server, Record Keeping Server (RKS), and Provisioning Server. The Media Gateway (MG) is connected to a Public Switched Telephone Network. + +**Figure 1 – IPCablecom network component reference model (partial)** + +## 5.2 General requirements + +The IPCablecom MIBs Framework Recommendation follows the Internet Standard Management Framework described in IETF RFC 3410. Additionally, the following requirements have been considered in the design of IPCablecom MIB modules: + +- IPCablecom devices **MUST** be compliant with DOCSIS; Therefore, IPCablecom devices must support DOCSIS MIBs as defined in clause 6.1; +- take a minimalist approach for design of the IPCablecom MIB modules, i.e., if other MIB modules define the same functions, then rely on these MIB modules rather than create new ones; +- organize MIB modules to support both embedded and stand-alone MTAs; +- organize MIB modules so as to allow functional partitioning of ITU-T Rec. J.112/J.122 (high-speed data) and IPCablecom (voice features); +- DOCSIS within IPCablecom applications requires support of SNMPv3; therefore IPCablecom MIB agents **MUST** comply with SNMPv3; + +- IPCablecom MIBs MUST comply with SMIPv2 as defined in IETF STD 58. + +### 5.2.1 Provisioning and network management service provider + +A single physical device (e.g., embedded-MTA) will be completely provisioned and managed by a single business entity. In the case of multiple service providers offering different services on the same device (e.g., data by one provider, voice by another provider), a secondary service provider will act as the "contractor" for the primary provider in the areas of device provisioning and management. See Figure 2. + +![Diagram illustrating the partitioning of management domains. A central 'Provider: Provisioning/network management' block, containing 'databases' and 'servers (TFTP, etc.)', is connected to a 'CM/MTA' block on the left and three 'Service provider' blocks (A, B, and C) on the right. Each connection is labeled 'Business relationship'. A small label 'J.166(07)_F02' is in the bottom right corner.](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + CM_MTA[CM/MTA] <--> Provider[Provider: Provisioning/network management
- databases
- servers (TFTP, etc.)] + Provider -- "Business relationship" --> SP_A[Service provider A] + Provider -- "Business relationship" --> SP_B[Service provider B] + Provider -- "Business relationship" --> SP_C[Service provider C] + +``` + +Diagram illustrating the partitioning of management domains. A central 'Provider: Provisioning/network management' block, containing 'databases' and 'servers (TFTP, etc.)', is connected to a 'CM/MTA' block on the left and three 'Service provider' blocks (A, B, and C) on the right. Each connection is labeled 'Business relationship'. A small label 'J.166(07)\_F02' is in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 2 – Partitioning of management domains + +### 5.2.2 Support for embedded and stand-alone MTAs + +The IPCablecom MIBs will provide features for both embedded and stand-alone MTAs. Since stand-alone MTAs are not required to include any CM related functions, the IPCablecom MIBs, therefore, should be independent of CM and able to provide management support for voice communications functionalities. Cable modems with embedded MTAs must adhere to the DOCSIS or eDOCSIS specifications related to the MIBs. The CM part of the E-MTA (i.e., eCM) MUST support eDOCSIS requirements defined in ITU-T Rec. J.126. + +Figure 3 describes the possible MIB module implementation for an MTA (embedded or stand-alone): + +![Diagram showing MTA MIB implementation for Cable modem and MTA components. The Cable modem (RF) contains MIB-II, Bridge MIB, DOCSIS RF MIB, BPI+MIB, Device MIB, eSAFE MIB, and Battery backup UPS MIB (if MTA supports battery backup). The MTA contains MIB-II, IPCablecom device MIB, IPCablecom signalling MIB, IPCablecom MgmtEvent MIB, IPCablecom extension MIBs, and SNMPv2 MIB. The Cable modem and MTA are connected via an Embedded link. The MTA is also connected to Voice and Ethernet.](d4af765160d04ecef538e5066006dc77_img.jpg) + +**MTA MIB implementation** + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph Cable_modem [Cable modem] + CM[RF] + subgraph CM_MIBs [ ] + MIB-II_1[MIB-II] + Bridge[Bridge MIB] + DOCSIS[DOCSIS RF MIB] + BPI[BPI+MIB] + Device[Device MIB] + eSAFE[eSAFE MIB] + UPS["Battery backup UPS MIB (if MTA supports battery backup)"] + end + Ethernet[Ethernet] + end + subgraph MTA [MTA] + subgraph MTA_MIBs [ ] + MIB-II_2[MIB-II] + DeviceMIB[IPCablecom device MIB] + Signalling[IPCablecom signalling MIB] + MgmtEvent[IPCablecom MgmtEvent MIB] + Extension[IPCablecom extension MIBs] + SNMPv2[SNMPv2 MIB] + end + Voice[Voice] + end + CM_MIBs -- Embedded --> MTA_MIBs + +``` + +J.166(07)\_F03 + +Diagram showing MTA MIB implementation for Cable modem and MTA components. The Cable modem (RF) contains MIB-II, Bridge MIB, DOCSIS RF MIB, BPI+MIB, Device MIB, eSAFE MIB, and Battery backup UPS MIB (if MTA supports battery backup). The MTA contains MIB-II, IPCablecom device MIB, IPCablecom signalling MIB, IPCablecom MgmtEvent MIB, IPCablecom extension MIBs, and SNMPv2 MIB. The Cable modem and MTA are connected via an Embedded link. The MTA is also connected to Voice and Ethernet. + +**Figure 3 – Embedded and stand-alone MTA implementations** + +### 5.2.3 Simple network management protocol (SNMP) considerations + +SNMPv3 provides an extended user security model which implies changes to the way SNMP packets are exchanged between agents and managers. Since MIB modules are used to define the content of the packets, the changes for SNMPv3 do not affect MIB design. + +The only requirements imposed are that IPCablecom MIBs MUST conform to SMIV2, which is described in [IETF RFC 2578] and [IETF RFC 2579]. + +The following IETF RFCs provide more information on SNMPv3: + +- IETF RFC 3410, Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet Standard Management Framework. +- IETF RFC 3411, An Architecture for Describing Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Frameworks. +- IETF RFC 3412, Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). +- IETF RFC 3413, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Applications. +- IETF RFC 3414, User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3). +- IETF RFC 3415, View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). + +#### 5.2.3.1 USM requirements + +For IPCablecom, the usmUserTable MUST be configured immediately after the AP Reply received from the Provisioning Server with the following entries. + +``` + +usmUserEngineID - the SNMP local engine id +usmUserName - MTA-Prov-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx +usmUserSecurityName - MTA-Prov-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx +usmUserCloneFrom - 0.0 + +``` + +``` + +usmUserAuthProtocol - usmHMACMD5AuthProtocol or + usmHMACSHAAuthProtocol +usmUserAuthKeyChange - "" +usmUserOwnAuthKeyChange - "" +usmUserPrivProtocol - usmDESPrivProtocol if privacy indicated in AP Reply, +usmNoPrivProtocol if no privacy is indicated in the AP Reply. +UsmUserPrivKeyChange - "" +UsmUserOwnPrivKeyChange - "" +usmUserPublic ' ' ' ' +usmUserStorageType - permanent +usmUserStatus - active + +``` + +The xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx in the usmUserName and usmUserSecurityName represents the MAC address of the MTA. + +Initial authentication and privacy keys for this user are derived from the AP Reply message. + +New users MAY be created by cloning as defined in SNMPv3. This MAY be done through the config file, or later through SNMP Set operations. + +#### 5.2.3.2 VACM requirements + +The following VACM entries MUST be defined for IPCablecom. Other table entries MAY be implemented at vendor or operator discretion. + +VACM views MUST be defined for IPCablecom as described below. + +##### 5.2.3.2.1 VacmSecurityToGroup Table + +The following configuration of the vacmSecurityToGroup table provides a read/write/create view. + +``` + +vacmSecurityModel - USM +vacmSecurityName - "MTA-Prov-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx" +vacmGroupName - 'PacketCableFullAccess' +vacmSecurityToGroupStorageType - permanent +vacmSecurityToGroupStatus - active + +``` + +##### 5.2.3.2.2 vacmAccessTable + +The vacmAccessTable MUST be configured with the following entries. Other table entries MAY be implemented at vendor or operator discretion. + +##### 5.2.3.2.2.1 Full access + +This configuration allows for read access of all MIB modules in the MTA, write access to IPCablecom MIB modules, and notifications as defined in the IPCablecom MIB modules: + +``` + +vacmGroupName - PacketCableFullAccess +vacmAccessContextPrefix - "" +vacmAccessSecurityModel - USM +vacmAccessSecurityLevel - authPriv or authNoPriv, depending on whether privacy +has been specified +vacmAccessContextMatch - exact +vacmAccessReadViewName - ReadOnlyView +vacmAccessWriteViewName - FullAccessView +vacmAccess NotifyViewName - NotifyView +vacmAccessStorageType - permanent +vacmAccessStatus - active + +``` + +##### 5.2.3.2.3 MIB view requirements + +The FullAccessView MUST consist of the MIB2 system group, the IFMIB, and all IPCablecom defined MIB modules. It MAY include vendor defined MIBs, VACM, USM, and Notifications MIB. The following lists the required OIDs: + +``` + +1.3.6.1.2.1.1 /* MIB-II system group MIB tree */ +1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2 /* MIB-II IF MIB tree */ +1.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.2 /* PacketCable Project MIB tree */ +1.3.6.1.6.3.13 /* NOTIFY MIB tree */ +1.3.6.1.6.3.15 /* USM MIB tree */ +1.3.6.1.6.3.16 /* VACM MIB tree */ + +``` + +The ReadOnlyView MUST consist of the entire MIB tree contained in the MTA, including IPCablecom defined MIB modules, and vendor defined MIB modules for IPCablecom. + +``` + +1.3.6.1 /* Full Internet MIB Tree*/ + +``` + +The NotifyView MUST consist of the MTA MIB tree, MIB-2 System MIB tree and the snmpTrapOID MIB. It MAY include vendor defined MIB modules. + +``` + +1.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.2.1 /*MTA mib tree*/ +1.3.6.1.2.1.1 /* MIB-2 system mib tree */ +1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0 /* snmpTrapOID mib*/ + +``` + +## 5.3 Functional requirements + +This clause describes management functions that are supported by the IPCablecom MIB modules. + +### 5.3.1 IPCablecom device provisioning + +The IPCablecom MIB modules should provide definitions for attributes that are required in the MTA device-provisioning flows. These attributes are specified in the J.167 MTA device provisioning specification and include parameters such as CMS identifier, MTA domain name, MTA server addresses, and MTA capabilities. These attributes are defined as configuration file attributes and/or MIB objects as needed. + +### 5.3.2 Security + +The IPCablecom MIB modules provide definitions for attributes that are required for security handshake of the MTA and the provisioning server. These attributes are contained in [ITU-T J.170] and include certificates and signatures. + +### 5.3.3 Voice interfaces (FFS) + +The IPCablecom MIB modules should provide a generic external interface to voice service management attributes. This should be done so as to allow a device to implement proprietary mechanisms for internal control and management of voice interfaces. + +### 5.3.4 Packet voice call signalling + +The IPCablecom MIB modules should provide attributes that are needed for management of the packet voice call signalling protocol [ITU-T J.162]. Examples of attributes that have to be supported for packet voice call signalling include: + +- dial time-outs; +- distinctive ring patterns; +- Coder-DECoder (Codec) capabilities; +- signalling configuration for voice communication end points; +- call agent identifier. + +### 5.3.5 Media packet transport + +The IPCablecom MIB modules do not provide any managed objects to monitor and manage media packet transport. The RTP and RTCP protocols are used for media transport in IPCablecom. The RTP MIB (IETF RFC 2959) may be used for management of the media transport function of the MTA. Specific details are for future study. + +### 5.3.6 Fault management (FFS) + +The IPCablecom MIB modules should provide objects for the management of network faults and failures. Some of these managed objects and management functions are defined in the IPCablecom MTA MIB (Annex B) and the IPCablecom Signalling MIB (Annex C) and Management Event MIB (Annex D). In addition, these managed objects and functions can also be managed using the IETF MIB modules indicated by [IETF RFC 4682], [draft-ietf-ipcdn-pktc-eventmess-09], if implemented by the MTA. + +### 5.3.7 Performance management (FFS) + +The IPCablecom MIB modules should provide objects for the monitoring of the performance of the network when used for voice communications. Further definition of performance management is for future study. + +### 5.3.8 Event Management + +The IPCablecom Management Event MIB module provides the means to define and distribute events generated by the MTA. Refer to the Management Event MIB specification (Annex D and [draft-ietf-ipcdn-pktc-eventmess-09]) for more details. + +# 6 MIBs available in an IPCablecom network + +In designing the IPCablecom MIBs, it was necessary to consider other MIBs that are also present in the network and which can provide the required attributes and functions. This clause describes the MIBs that can be present in the IPCablecom MTA device, and which can be used for IPCablecom management functions as needed. + +Table 1 lists the MIB modules that must be present in the IPCablecom MTAs. E-MTAs and S-MTAs MUST implement MIB modules present in Table 1. + +**Table 1 – MIB modules implemented by E-MTA and S-MTA** + +| | +|---------------------------------| +| IF MIB | +| MIB II | +| Ethernet MIB | +| Bridge MIB | +| IPCablecom MTA Device MIB | +| IPCablecom Signalling MIB | +| IPCablecom Management Event MIB | +| SNMP V2 MIB group | +| IPCablecom Extension MIBs | +| eDOCSIS eSAFE MIB | +| Battery Backup UPS MIB | + +As mentioned before, partitioning of voice and data services and support of both S-MTA and E-MTA has been part of the requirements for design of the IPCablecom MIBs Framework. + +Figure 3 in the "General Requirements" clause describes possible organizations of the MIB modules in order to meet these requirements. + +## 6.1 DOCSIS MIB modules + +As described in clause 5.2, the IPCablecom Embedded MTA must support the DOCSIS ([ITU-T J.112] or ITU-T Rec. J.122) MIB requirements. Refer to the following documents for the normative DOCSIS MIB requirements: + +- For J.112, the MIB module requirements are defined in section 3 of [ANSI/SCTE 23-3]. +- For J.122, the MIB module requirements are defined in section 6 of [ANSI/SCTE 79-2]. +- For DOCSIS 3.0, the MIB module requirements are defined in [IETF RFC 4293]. +- For eDOCSIS, the MIB module requirements are defined in ITU-T Rec. J.126. + +## 6.2 IF MIB + +This is the interfaces section of the MIB II [IETF RFC 2863], and is needed for definitions of multiple interfaces in the MTA. + +## 6.3 MIB II + +[IETF RFC 1907], [IETF RFC 2011] and [IETF RFC 2013] define the second version of the management information base (MIB-II) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP-based Internets. Not all objects in this MIB are deemed necessary for the IPCablecom MTA device. This MIB module only requires the system, interfaces, IP, and transmission objects of MIB II to be present in the MTA. + +The system object group contact, administrative, location, and service information regarding the managed node. + +### 6.3.1 sysDescr requirements + +The MTA's MIB II sysDescr object MUST conform to the format specified in DOCSIS [ANSI/SCTE 23-3]. + +### 6.3.2 sysObjectID requirements + +sysObjectID is defined as follows: + +``` +sysObjectID OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX OBJECT IDENTIFIER +ACCESS read-only +STATUS mandatory +DESCRIPTION + "The vendor's authoritative identification of the network + management subsystem contained in the entity. This + value is allocated within the SMI enterprises subtree + (1.3.6.1.4.1) and provides an easy and unambiguous + means for determining 'what kind of box' is being + managed. For example, if vendor 'Flintstones, Inc.' + was assigned the subtree 1.3.6.1.4.1.4242, it could + assign the identifier 1.3.6.1.4.1.4242.1.1 to its 'Fred + Router'." +::= { system 2 } +``` + +By using sysObjectID the manager will be able to determine any enterprise specific MIBs which must be used to manage the embedded MTA. + +### 6.3.3 "ifTable" requirements + +IPCablecom ifTable MUST contain information about all IPCablecom endpoints. IfIndex, in case of IPCablecom MTAs, MUST start with value of 9 for telephony endpoints and MUST be + +incremented sequentially and match the physical numbering of the telephony endpoints (Indices 2 through 8 are reserved for future use and the usage of index 1 is defined later in this clause). Each instance of the end-point in an E-MTA MUST have a corresponding entry ("conceptual row") in the "ifTable" MIB Table. + +The CableModem part of an embedded MTA MUST adhere to DOCSIS and eDOCSIS requirements for MIB compliance. + +For each "conceptual row" in the "ifTable" table that corresponds to a Telephony Endpoint, the following conceptual columns MUST be used: + +- "ifIndex" +- "ifDescr" +- "ifType" +- "ifAdminStatus" +- "ifOperStatus" + +Each conceptual row in "ifTable" MUST conform to the "IANAifType-MIB" definition for the IPCablecom interface type: + +- "ifType" - voiceOverCable (198) +- "ifDescr" - "Voice Over Cable Interface" + +IfIndex 1 is used to recognize the DOCSIS Cable Modem behind which an MTA is connected and the MIB modules involved are indicated in Tables 2 and 3. In the case of an embedded MTA, the tables MUST be adhered to. For stand-alone MTAs, the MTA MAY choose to follow the same. In case a stand-alone MTA cannot display the information, ifIndex 1 MUST be left unused. If the stand-alone MTA is behind a CableHome or other device for its data connectivity, it MAY change the ifDescr to reflect the same. + +IPCablecom E-MTAs MUST implement [ANSI SCTE 23-3], IETF STD 5 and [IETF RFC 2011]. An IPCablecom MTA MUST conform to the ifTable and ipNetToMediaTable defined in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. If an E-MTA is embedded with an eCM that supports IPv6, it MUST also support the ipNetToPhysicalTable as specified in Table 4. + +**Table 2 – RFC 2863 ifTable, MIB-Object details for embedded MTA device interfaces** + +| RFC 2863 MIB-Object details for MTA device interface | MTA device | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| ifIndex | 1 | +| ifDescr: MUST match the text provided in the next column. | "DOCSIS Embedded Interface" | +| ifType | other(1) | +| ifMtu | 0 | +| ifSpeed | 0 | +| ifPhysAddress | eMTA MAC address | +| ifAdminStatus: Only up control is required for this interface, down(2) and testing(3) is out of the scope of this specification. | up(1) | +| ifOperStatus: only up report is required for this object, other options are out of the scope of this specification. | up(1) | +| ifLastChange | per RFC 2863 | +| ifInOctets: This object is optional, if not implemented, it MUST return 0 | (n), 0 | +| ifInNUCastPkts | Deprecated | +| ifInDiscards | 0 | +| ifInErrors | 0 | +| ifUnknownProtos | 0 | +| ifOutOctets: This object is optional, if not implemented, it MUST return 0 | (n), 0 | +| ifOutUCastPkts: This object is optional, if not implemented, it MUST return 0 | (n), 0 | +| ifOutNUCastPkts | Deprecated | +| ifOutDiscards | 0 | +| ifOutErrors | 0 | +| ifOutQlen | Deprecated | +| ifSpecific | Deprecated | +| ifXTable: entries in ifXTable for this type of interface are not required | NA | + +**Table 3 – RFC 2011 ipNetToMedia MIB-Object details for eMTA device interfaces** + +| RFC 2011 MIB-Object details for MTA device interfaces | CM device | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ipNetToMediaIfIndex | 1 | +| ipNetToMediaPhysAddress | CM MAC Address or a value of '0.0.0.0' if the eCM address cannot be represented (e.g., IPv6 eCM) | +| ipNetToMediaNetAddress | Acquired CM IP address | +| ipNetToMediaType | Static(4) or invalid(2) if ipNetToMediaPhysAddress is set to a value of '0.0.0.0' | +| ifIndex | 1 | + +**Table 4 – ipNetToPhysicalTable MIB object details** + +| MIB object name | CM device | +|-------------------------------|---------------------| +| ipNetToPhysicalIfIndex | 1 | +| ipNetToPhysicalPhysAddress | eCM MAC Address | +| ipNetToPhysicalNetAddressType | ipv4(1) or ipv6(2) | +| ipNetToPhysicalNetAddress | eCM IP Address | +| ipNetToPhysicalLastUpdated | | +| ipNetToPhysicalType | static(4) | +| ipNetToPhysicalState | | +| ipNetToPhysicalRowStatus | 'active' | + +## **6.4 Ethernet MIB** + +The Ethernet MIB specifies the definitions of managed objects for the Ethernet-like interfaces (IETF RFC 3665). + +## **6.5 Annex C** + +Annex C contains Network Call Signalling information for provisioning. The data is derived from the IPCablecom NCS Recommendation [ITU-T J.162]. + +The IPCablecom Signalling MIB module contains general configuration information that applies to the network call signalling (NCS) protocol on a per MTA device basis. This data only provides the means to provision call signalling parameters on a device basis. + +The IPCablecom Signalling MIB module also defines managed objects applicable on a per endpoint basis. The NCS endpoint table (pktcSigEndPntConfigTable) contains specific NCS endpoint configuration information. This data only provides the means to provision network call signalling per endpoint. + +### **6.5.1 Annex C general configuration information** + +Annex C contains general configuration information that applies to network call signalling on a device basis. This information is also contained in [ITU-T J.162]. + +This data only provides the means to provision network call signalling on a device basis. + +### **6.5.2 Annex C per endpoint data** + +Annex C contains a per endpoint table. This table contains general configuration information that applies to network call signalling on a per endpoint basis. This information is also found in the configuration file defined in [ITU-T J.162]. This data only provides the means to provision network call signalling per endpoint. + +## **6.6 Annex B** + +Annex B contains data for provisioning the MTA device and supporting the provisioned functions, specifically Syslog. The data is derived from the IPCablecom [ITU-T J.167], and the CM Device MIB. + +Annex B contains general configuration information to provision the MTA on a device basis. These objects support provisioning required servers, and security information. + +## **6.7 Event Management MIB** + +The IPCablecom Management Event MIB module is defined in Annex D. It provides a common data and format definition for events (informative, alarm, etc.). It also specifies by what means + +events are transmitted. Use of a common event mechanism facilitates management of the MTA in a multi-vendor environment and provides a standard means to implement IPCablecom specified events. + +## **6.8 SNMP MIB** + +The SNMPv2 MIB module defines the functionality to configure the endpoint in SNMPv2 mode and helps in managing all the MIB objects using SNMPv2 functionality. + +## **6.9 IPCablecom Extension MIB** + +The IPCablecom Extension MIB is defined in Annex A. These MIBs extend the existing IPCablecom MIB functionality. The extensions are in the areas of MTA MIB and Signalling MIB. + +### **6.9.1 MTA MIB Extension** + +The IPCablecom MTA MIB Extension is defined in Annex E. This provides the additional functionality for controlling new functionality like multiple grants per interval (MGPI) on the endpoint. + +### **6.9.2 Signalling MIB Extension** + +The IPCablecom Signalling MIB Extension is defined in Annex F. This provides additional control and reporting functionality for endpoints in the areas of DTMF relay, Quarantine handling, Hookstate, etc. + +### **6.9.3 Syslog MIB** + +This Syslog MIB is defined in Annex D. This provides a better granularity for control of syslog messages by the endpoint. + +## **6.10 eDOCSIS eSAFE MIB** + +The eDOCSIS eSAFE MIB is defined in ITU-T Rec. J.126. It describes the various management objects necessary to configure functionality of eSAFE components of a device implementing an eDOCSIS compliant cable modem and one or more eSAFE elements. This MIB MUST be accessible via the eCM interface. + +## **6.11 Battery backup UPS MIB** + +The battery backup UPS MIB is defined in [ITU-T J.199]. It MUST be implemented by the E-MTAs which support battery backup functionality. Battery backup UPS MIB describes the various management objects necessary to control the battery backup UPS functionality implemented by the E-MTA. The MIB MUST be accessible via the eCM interface. + +# **7 IPCablecom MIB module implementation** + +This clause describes a reference implementation of the MIBs in an IPCablecom device. Only E-MTA type implementations are considered here. + +## **7.1 MTA components** + +Figure 4 shows the components of a typical MTA. + +![Figure 4 – MTA components diagram showing a layered architecture. The top layer 'Applications' is split into 'Initialization/Provisioning' and 'Voice processing'. The middle layer 'Packet-based protocols' contains 'TFTP Bootp Client', 'DHCP', 'SNMP', 'RTP', 'NCS', 'UDP', 'IP', and 'QoS API'. The bottom layer 'Media Drivers' includes 'HFC RF', 'Ethernet', and 'Voice'. A vertical block on the right labeled 'DSP Management Analogue Signalling' spans the application and media driver layers for voice.](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MTA components architecture. At the top, 'Applications' are categorized into 'Initialization/Provisioning' and 'Voice processing'. Below this, a section for 'Packet-based protocols' contains several components: 'TFTP Bootp Client', 'DHCP', 'SNMP', 'RTP', 'NCS', 'UDP', 'IP', and 'QoS API'. These protocols are supported by 'Media Drivers' which include 'HFC RF', 'Ethernet', and 'Voice'. A vertical block on the right side, labeled 'DSP Management Analogue Signalling', connects the 'Voice processing' application to the 'Voice' media driver. + +Figure 4 – MTA components diagram showing a layered architecture. The top layer 'Applications' is split into 'Initialization/Provisioning' and 'Voice processing'. The middle layer 'Packet-based protocols' contains 'TFTP Bootp Client', 'DHCP', 'SNMP', 'RTP', 'NCS', 'UDP', 'IP', and 'QoS API'. The bottom layer 'Media Drivers' includes 'HFC RF', 'Ethernet', and 'Voice'. A vertical block on the right labeled 'DSP Management Analogue Signalling' spans the application and media driver layers for voice. + +J.166(07)\_F04 + +**Figure 4 – MTA components** + +As shown here, the MTA components can be organized into separate areas, i.e., packet-based protocols, which run on top of IP and the voice subsystem which consists of DSP engines and their associated software. MIBs that are implemented in the MTA have to be organized so as to facilitate this separation. IPCablecom MIB specifies functions for the packet-based protocol section of the MTA. No analogue voice MIBs are specified for the MTA. + +NOTE – Please refer to the IPCablecom Security Specification [ITU-T J.170] for the security protocols. + +## 7.2 MIB layering + +Figure 5 describes the MIB layering model. The two stacks represent the packet network and analogue voice sections of the MTA. On the packet network side, MIB layering follows the same layering model as the protocol stacks. + +![Diagram of MIB layering model showing two parallel stacks of layers. The left stack (Packet network side) has four layers: Packet Voice Transport (RTP) and NCS; Signalling Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; UDP Layer; Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; IP Layer; Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; Physical layer (HFC Interface); Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics. The right stack (Telephone Side) has two layers: Telephone channel; Signalling Configuration parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; Physical layer (voice); Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics. Arrows from the top Voice Connection point to the top of both stacks.](e69b9188aa2c14ec6b21c83f711fef65_img.jpg) + +Voice Connection: +Configuration Parameters, +Operational Characteristics, +Statistics + +Packet network side + +Telephone Side: +PBX, phone + +J.166(07)\_F05 + +Diagram of MIB layering model showing two parallel stacks of layers. The left stack (Packet network side) has four layers: Packet Voice Transport (RTP) and NCS; Signalling Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; UDP Layer; Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; IP Layer; Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; Physical layer (HFC Interface); Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics. The right stack (Telephone Side) has two layers: Telephone channel; Signalling Configuration parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics; Physical layer (voice); Configuration Parameters, Operational Characteristics, Statistics. Arrows from the top Voice Connection point to the top of both stacks. + +**Figure 5 – MIB layering model** + +In the context of voice communications, MIBs can be layered into the physical layer attributes which deal with the voice interface and the telephone channel attributes which deal with voice signalling. MIBs for the telephone side of the MTA are for further study. + +# 8 Organization of the MIBs + +The IPCablecom MIBs have been gathered together as annexes to this Recommendation so as to keep them all together in one place. + +MIBs represent lines of computer code that must be implemented as written. As such, the MIBs **MUST NOT** be translated into other languages. + +## 8.1 Definition MIB + +The definition MIB, contained in Annex A, is referenced by several projects including DOCSIS, IPCable2Home, and IPCablecom. It defines the OID registry from which each project assigns its own MIB information modules. + +## 8.2 MTA MIB + +The MTA MIB is contained in Annex B. It supersedes ITU-T Rec. J.168. This MIB has been submitted to the IETF for standardization. Once RFC status is achieved, this annex will be deleted and the MIB incorporated by reference. + +## **8.3 Signalling MIB** + +The signalling MIB is contained in Annex C. It supersedes ITU-T Rec. J.169. This MIB has been submitted to the IETF for standardization. Once RFC status is achieved, this annex will be deleted and the MIB incorporated by reference. + +## **8.4 MEM MIB** + +The Management Event Mechanism MIB is contained in Annex D. It supersedes ITU-T Rec. J.176. + +## **8.5 MTA Extension MIB** + +The Media Terminal Adapter Extension MIB is contained in Annex E. + +## **8.6 Signalling Extension MIB** + +The Signalling Extension MIB is contained in Annex F. + +## **8.7 Battery backup MIB** + +The battery backup MIB is contained in a separate Recommendation to be approved later. It is a separate document because it is applicable to other cable technologies besides IPCablecom. + +# Annex A + +## MIB import data + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The Definition MIB MUST be implemented as defined below. + +``` +CLAB-DEF-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN +IMPORTS + MODULE-IDENTITY, + OBJECT-TYPE, + enterprises + FROM SNMPv2-SMI + DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate + FROM DOCS-IETF-BPI2-MIB; + +cableLabs MODULE-IDENTITY + LAST-UPDATED "200504081700Z" -- April 8, 2005 + ORGANIZATION "Cable Television Laboratories, Inc." + CONTACT-INFO + "Editor: Jean-Francois Mule + Postal: Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. + 858 Coal Creek Circle + Louisville, Colorado 80027-9750 + U.S.A. + Phone: +1 303-661-9100 + Fax: +1 303-661-9199 + E-mail: jfm@cablelabs.com + mibs@cablelabs.com" + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB module defines the namespace organization for the + CableLabs enterprise OID registry. + + Copyright 1999-2005 Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. + All rights reserved." + + REVISION "200504081700Z" -- April 8, 2005 + DESCRIPTION + "This revision, published as CL-SP-MIB-CLABDEF-I05." + ::= { enterprises 4491 } + +-- Sub-tree for Registrations +clabFunction OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 1 } +clabFuncMib2 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabFunction 1 } +clabFuncProprietary OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabFunction 2 } + +-- Sub-tree for Project Definitions +clabProject OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 2 } +clabProjDocsIs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 1 } +clabProjPacketCable OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 2 } +clabProjOpenCable OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 3 } +clabProjCableHome OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 4 } + +-- Sub-tree for Global Security Definitions +clabSecurity OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 3 } +clabSecCertObject OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabSecurity 1 } + +-- Sub-tree for CableLabs cross project common MIB definitions +clabCommonMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 4 } +``` + +``` + +-- +-- CableLabs DOCSIS Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- +dsgMIB OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) MIB module + -- This object identifier points to the MIB module + -- DOCSIS-SETTOP-GATEWAY-MIB, which is being deprecated by + -- DSG-IF-MIB MIB module (dsgIfMib). + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) Interface Specification + ::= { clabProjDosis 1 } + +docsLoadBalMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- DOCSIS MIB module defining the CMTS configuration parameters to + -- support Load Balancing requirements." + ::= { clabProjDosis 2 } + +dsgIfMIB OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) MIB module + -- Obsoletes DOCSIS-SETTOP-GATEWAY-MIB Module (dsgMib) + -- defined initially in DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) Interface + -- Specification SP-DSG-I01-020228. + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) Interface Specification + ::= { clabProjDosis 3 } + +dsgIfStdMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- DOCSIS Set-top Device (DSG) MIB module. + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) Interface Specification + ::= { clabProjDosis 4 } + +docsIfExt2Mib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- This MIB module contains the management objects that enhance + -- DOCSIS RFI Interface Extensions. Contains Enhancements to + -- DOCSIS RFI interface MIB module. + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs DOCSIS RFI Interface Specification. + ::= { clabProjDosis 5 } + +docsTestMIB OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- DOCSIS Test MIB module supporting programmable test features + -- for DOCSIS 2.0 compliant Cable Modems (CM) and Cable Modems + -- Termination Systems (CMTS). + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs DOCSIS 2.0 Testing MIB Specification + ::= { clabProjDosis 12 } + +sledMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- eDOCSIS MIB module supporting the Software Loopback Application + -- for eDOCSIS (SLED). + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs eDOCSIS Specification + ::= { clabProjDosis 13 } + +-- +-- CableLabs CableHome Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- Reference +-- CableLabs CableHome Specification +-- +cabhPsDevMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- CableHome MIB module defining the basic management objects for + -- the Portal Services logical element of a CableHome compliant + -- Residential Gateway device. The PS device parameters describe + +``` + +``` + +-- general PS Device attributes and behaviour characteristics +::= { clabProjCableHome 1 } + +cabhSecMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- CableHome MIB module defining the basic management objects for +-- the firewall and other security features of the Portal Services +-- element. +::= { clabProjCableHome 2 } + +cabhCapMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- CableHome MIB module defining the basic management objects for +-- the CableHome Addressing Portal (CAP) function of the Portal +-- Services element. +::= { clabProjCableHome 3 } + +cabhCdpMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- This MIB module supplies the basic management objects for the +-- CableHome DHCP Portal (CDP) function of the Portal Services +-- element. +::= { clabProjCableHome 4 } + +cabhCtpMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- CableHome MIB module supporting the remote LAN diagnostic +-- features provided by the CableHome Test Portal (CTP) function +-- of the Portal Services element. +::= { clabProjCableHome 5 } + +cabhQosMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- CABLEHOME QOS MIB Module (cabhQosMib). +-- This object identifier points to the MIB module +-- CABH-QOS-MIB, which is being deprecated by +-- CABH-QOS2-MIB module (cabhQos2Mib). +-- Reference: +-- CableLabs CableHome 1.1 Specification +::= { clabProjCableHome 6 } + +cabhCsaMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- CableHome MIB module defining management objects for the +-- configuration and monitoring of CableHome Commercial Services +-- Annex. +-- Reference: +-- CableLabs CableOffice Commercial Services Annex MIB +-- Specification +::= { clabProjCableHome 7 } + +cabhQos2Mib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- Obsoletes CABH-QOS-MIB module (cabhQosMib) +-- defined initially in CABLEHOME 1.1 Interface Specification. +-- This MIB module defines the Quality of Service Management +-- Information Base (MIUB) for CableHome UPnP QOS-compliant +-- devices. +-- Reference: +-- CableLabs CableHome 1.1 Specification +::= { clabProjCableHome 8 } + +-- +-- CableLabs PacketCable Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- +pktcMtaMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic management object for +-- the Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA) devices compliant with +-- PacketCable requirements. +-- Reference +-- CableLabs PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification + +``` + +``` + + ::= { clabProjPacketCable 1 } + +pktcSigMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic management object for + -- the PacketCable MTA Signalling protocols. This version of the MIB + -- includes common signalling and Network Call Signalling (NCS) + -- related signalling objects. + -- Reference + -- CableLabs PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification + ::= { clabProjPacketCable 2 } + +pktcEventMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic management objects for + -- event reporting. + -- Reference + -- CableLabs PacketCable Management Event Specification + ::= { clabProjPacketCable 3 } + +pktcSecurity OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- CableLabs OID reserved for security and used to specify errors + -- that can be returned for the Kerberos KDC - Provisioning + -- Server interface, or the MTA-CMS Kerberized IPsec interface, or + -- the MTA-Provisioning Server Kerberized SNMPv3 interface. + -- CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification + ::= { clabProjPacketCable 4 } + +pktcLawfulIntercept OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- CableLabs OID reserved for the PacketCable Electronic + -- Surveillance Protocol (PCESP) between the Delivery Function + -- and Collection Function. This OID is used to define the ASN.1 + -- PCESP messages. + -- CableLabs PacketCable Electronic Surveillance Protocol + -- Specification + ::= { clabProjPacketCable 5 } + +-- +-- Sub-tree for PacketCable MIB Enhancements +-- + +pktcEnhancements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProjPacketCable 6 } + + -- The following MIB OBJECTS are being introduced for + -- incorporation of new MIB objects (MIB enhancements) + -- proposed to the PacketCable MIB group. + -- This includes new MIB objects being introduced + -- as part of the PacketCable MIB Enhancement efforts + -- and as a place holder for future revisions. + -- This sub-division would facilitate easier incorporation + -- of proposed IETF Drafts/RFCs by keeping enhancements + -- independent of RFC/Draft changes. + -- For new MIB tables that use previously used indices, it is + -- recommended that the AUGMENT CLAUSE be used to aid SNMP Operations, + -- as deemed necessary. + +pktcEnMtaMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management + -- objects defined by the MIB group pktcMtaMib for the Multimedia + -- Terminal Adapter (MTA) devices compliant with PacketCable + -- requirements. + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification. + ::= { pktcEnhancements 1 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcEnSigMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management +-- objects defined by the MIB group pktcSigMib for the +-- PacketCable MTA Signalling protocols. +-- Reference: +-- CableLabs PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification. +::= { pktcEnhancements 2 } + +pktcEnEventMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management +-- objects defined by the MIB group pktcEventMib for event reporting. +-- Reference: +-- CableLabs PacketCable Management Event Specification. +::= { pktcEnhancements 3 } + +pktcEnSecurityMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management +-- objects defined by the reserved MIB group pktcSecurity. +-- Reference: +-- CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification. +::= { pktcEnhancements 4 } + +-- +-- +-- Definition of CableLabs Security Certificate Objects +-- +clabSrvCPrvdrRootCACert OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded CableLabs Service Provider Root CA + Certificate." +REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." +::= { clabSecCertObject 1 } + +clabCVCRootCACert OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded CableLabs CVC Root CA Certificate." +REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." +::= { clabSecCertObject 2 } + +clabCVCCACert OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded CableLabs CVC CA Certificate." +REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." +::= { clabSecCertObject 3 } + +clabMfgCVCCert OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current + +``` + +``` + +DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded Manufacturer CVC Certificate." +REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." + ::= { clabSecCertObject 4 } + +clabMfgCACert OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded Manufacturer CA Certificate." + REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." + ::= { clabSecCertObject 5 } + +-- +-- CableLabs cross project common MIB sub-tree definitions +-- + +clabUpsMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- CableLabs cross project MIB module defining the basic management + -- objects for the configuration and monitoring of the battery + -- backup and UPS functionality for CableLabs compliant devices. + ::= { clabCommonMibs 1 } + +END + +``` + +# Annex B + +## MTA MIB + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The MTA MIB MUST be implemented as defined below. + +``` +PKTC-MTA-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN + IMPORTS + MODULE-IDENTITY, + OBJECT-TYPE, + Integer32, Counter32, + BITS, IpAddress, NOTIFICATION-TYPE FROM SNMPv2-SMI + TruthValue, RowStatus, DisplayString, + MacAddress, TEXTUAL-CONVENTION FROM SNMPv2-TC + OBJECT-GROUP, MODULE-COMPLIANCE, + NOTIFICATION-GROUP FROM SNMPv2-CONF + clabProjPacketCable FROM CLAB-DEF-MIB + ifIndex FROM IF-MIB + SnmpAdminString FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB + sysDescr FROM SNMPv2-MIB; + + pktcMtaMib MODULE-IDENTITY + LAST-UPDATED "200501280000Z" -- January 28, 2005 + ORGANIZATION "Packet Cable OSS Group" + CONTACT-INFO + "Sumanth Channabasappa + Postal: Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. + 858 Coal Creek Circle + Louisville, Colorado 80027-9750 + U.S.A. + Phone: +1 303-661-9100 + Fax: +1 303-661-9199 + E-mail: mibs@cablelabs.com" + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB module supplies the basic management objects + for the MTA Device + Acknowledgements: + Angela Lyda - Arris Interactive + Chris Melle - AT&T Broadband Labs + Sasha Medvinsky - Motorola + Roy Spitzer - Telogy Networks, Inc. + Rick Vetter - Motorola + Eugene Nechamkin - BroadCom Corp. + Satish Kumar - Texas Instruments + Copyright 1999-2005 Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. + All rights reserved." + REVISION "200501280000Z " + DESCRIPTION + "This revision, published as part of the PacketCable 1.5 + MIB MTA Specification I01." + ::= { clabProjPacketCable 1 } + + -- Textual conventions + X509Certificate ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "An X509 digital certificate encoded as an ASN.1 DER object." + SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (0..4096)) + + -- +``` + +``` + +-- PacketCable 1.5 only supports Embedded MTAs +-- +-- +-- The MTA MIB only supports a single provisioning server. +-- +-- +-- The following group describes the base objects in the MTA +-- +pktcMtaMibObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaMib 1 } +pktcMtaDevBase OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaMibObjects 1 } +pktcMtaDevServer OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaMibObjects 2 } +pktcMtaDevSecurity OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaMibObjects 3 } + +-- +-- The following group describes the base objects in the MTA +-- +pktcMtaDevResetNow OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Setting this object to true(1) causes the device to reset. + Reading this object always returns false(2). When + pktcMtaDevResetNow is set to true, the following actions + occur: + 1. All connections (if present) are flushed locally + 2. All current actions such as ringing immediately + terminate + 3. Requests for notifications such as notification based + on digit map recognition are flushed + 4. All endpoints are disabled. + 5. The provisioning flow is started at step MTA - 1." + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 1 } + +pktcMtaDevSerialNumber OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString(SIZE (0..128)) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object specifies the manufacturer's serial number + for this MTA. The value of this object MUST be identical + to the value specified in DHCP option 43 sub-option 4. " + REFERENCE + "PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification; + RFC 2132, DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions" + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 2 } + +pktcMtaDevHardwareVersion OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString(SIZE (0..48)) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "The manufacturer's hardware version for this MTA." + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 3 } + +pktcMtaDevMacAddress OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX MacAddress + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object specifies the telephony MAC address for + this device. The value of this object MUST be identical + to the value specified in DHCP option 43 sub-option 11. " +``` + +``` + +REFERENCE + "PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification; + RFC 2132, DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions" +::= { pktcMtaDevBase 4 } + +pktcMtaDevFQDN OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The Fully Qualified Domain Name for this MTA." + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 5 } + +pktcMtaDevEndPntCount OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..255) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The physical end points for this MTA." + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 6 } + +pktcMtaDevEnabled OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the MTA Admin Status of this device. + If this object is set to 'true', the MTA is + administratively enabled and the MTA MUST be able to + interact with PacketCable entities such as CMS, + Provisioning Server, KDC, other MTAs and MGs on all + PacketCable interfaces. + If this object is set to 'false', the MTA is + administratively disabled and the MTA MUST perform the + following actions for all endpoints: + - Shut down all media sessions if present, + - Shut down NCS signalling by following the Restart in + Progress procedures in the PacketCable NCS + specification. + Additionally, the MTA MUST maintain the SNMP Interface for + management. Also, the MTA MUST NOT continue Kerberized Key + Management with CMSes until this object is set to 'true'. + Note: MTAs MUST renew the CMS kerberos tickets according + to the PacketCable Security Specification" + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification; + PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification" + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 7 } + +pktcMtaDevTypeIdentifier OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This is a copy of the device type identifier used in the + DHCP option 60 exchanged between the MTA and the DHCP + server." + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 8 } + +pktcMtaDevProvisioningState OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + pass (1), + inProgress (2), + failConfigFileError (3), + } + +``` + +``` + + passWithWarnings (4), + passWithIncompleteParsing (5), + failureInternalError (6), + failOtherReason (7) + } +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "This object indicates the completion state of the + MTA device provisioning process. + + pass: + If the configuration file could be parsed successfully + and the MTA is able to reflect the same in its + MIB, the MTA MUST return the value 'pass'. + + inProgress: + If the MTA is in the process of being provisioned, + the MTA MUST return the value 'inProgress'. + + failConfigFileError: + If the configuration file was in error due to incorrect + values in the mandatory parameters, the MTA MUST reject + the configuration file and the MTA MUST return the value + 'failConfigFileError'. + + passWithWarnings: + If the configuration file had proper values for all the + mandatory parameters but has errors in any of the optional + parameters (this includes any vendor specific OIDs which + are incorrect or not known to the MTA), the MTA MUST + return the value 'passWithWarnings'. + + passWithIncompleteParsing: + If the configuration file is valid, but the MTA cannot + reflect the same in its configuration (for example, too + many entries caused memory exhaustion), it must accept + the CMS configuration entries related and the MTA MUST + return the value 'passWithIncompleteParsing'. + + failureInternalError: + If the configuration file cannot be parsed due to an + internal error, the MTA MUST return the value + 'failureInternalError'. + + failureOtherReason: + If the MTA cannot accept the configuration file for any + other reason than the ones stated above, the MTA MUST + return the value 'failureOtherReason'. + + When a final SNMP INFORM is sent as part of Step 25 of + the MTA Provisioning process, this parameter is also + included in the final INFORM message." +REFERENCE + "PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification" +::= { pktcMtaDevBase 9 } + +pktcMtaDevHttpAccess OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This indicates whether HTTP file access is supported for + MTA configuration file transfer." + +``` + +``` + + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 10 } + +pktcMtaDevProvisioningTimer OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (0..30) + UNITS "minutes" + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object defines the time interval for the + provisioning flow to complete. The MTA MUST finish + all provisioning operations starting from the moment when + an MTA receives its DHCP ACK and ending at the moment when + the MTA downloads its configuration file (e.g., MTA5 to + MTA23 for Secure Flow) within the period of time set by + this object. Failure to comply with this condition + constitutes the provisioning flow failure. If the + object is set to 0, the MTA MUST ignore the provisioning + timer condition." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification." + DEFVAL { 10 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 11 } + +pktcMtaDevProvisioningCounter OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object is the count of the number of times the + provisioning cycle has looped through step MTA-1 since + the last reboot." + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 12 } + +-- + +pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "If pktcMtaDevProvisioningState is reported with anything + other than a pass(1) then this table is populated with the + necessary information, each pertaining to observations of + the configuration file. Even if different parameters + share the same error ( Ex: All Realm Names are invalid ), + all recognized errors must be reported as different + instances." + ::= { pktcMtaDevBase 13 } + +pktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This contains the necessary information an MTA must + attempt to provide in case the configuration file + is not parsed and/or accepted in its entirety." + INDEX { pktcMtaDevErrorOidIndex } + ::= { pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable 1 } + +PktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcMtaDevErrorOidIndex Integer32, + pktcMtaDevErrorOid SnmpAdminString, + pktcMtaDevErrorGiven SnmpAdminString, + pktcMtaDevErrorReason SnmpAdminString +} + +``` + +``` + +} + +pktcMtaDevErrorOidIndex OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32(1..1024) + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This is the index to pktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry. + This is an integer value and will start from the value 1 + and be incremented for each error encountered in the + configuration file. The indices need not necessarily + reflect the order of error occurrences in the + configuration file." + ::= { pktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry 1 } + +pktcMtaDevErrorOid OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This is the OID associated with the particular error. If + the error was not due to an identifiable OID, then this + can be populated with impartial identifiers, in hexadecimal + or numeric format." + ::= { pktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry 2 } + +pktcMtaDevErrorGiven OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "If the error was due to the value associated + with the corresponding pktcMtaDevErrorOid, then this + contains the value of the OID as interpreted by the MTA in + the configuration file provided. If the error was not due + to the value of an OID this must be set to an empty + string. This is provided to eliminate errors due to + misrepresentation/misinterpretation of data." + ::= { pktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry 3 } + +pktcMtaDevErrorReason OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This indicates the reason for the error, + as per the MTAs interpretation, in human readable form. + Example include: + VALUE NOT IN RANGE, + VALUE DOES NOT MATCH TYPE + UNSUPPORTED VALUE + LAST 4 BITS MUST BE SET TO ZERO, + OUT OF MEMORY, CANNOT STORE etc. + This MAY also contain vendor specific errors + for vendor specific OIDs and any proprietary error + codes/messages which can help diagnose errors + better, in a manner the vendor deems fit." + ::= { pktcMtaDevErrorOidsEntry 4 } + +pktcMtaDevSwCurrentVers OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + +``` + +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + +"This object identifies the software version currently operating in the MTA. +The MTA MUST return a string descriptive of the current software load. This object should use the syntax defined by the individual vendor to identify the software version. The data presented in this object MUST be identical with the software version information contained in the sysDescr MIB Object of the MTA. +The value of this object MUST be identical to the value specified in DHCP option 43 sub-option 6." + +### REFERENCE + +"PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification; +RFC 2132, DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions" +::= { pktcMtaDevBase 14 } + +-- The following group describes server access and parameters used for +-- initial provisioning and bootstrapping. + +-- + + This object is obsolete + +### pktcMtaDevServerBootState OBJECT-TYPE + +``` + +SYNTAX INTEGER { + operational (1), + disabled (2), + waitingForDhcpOffer (3), + waitingForDhcpResponse (4), + waitingForConfig (5), + refusedByCmts (6), + other (7), + unknown (8) +} + +``` + +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS obsolete +DESCRIPTION + +"If operational(1), the device has completed loading and processing of configuration parameters and the CMTS has completed the Registration exchange. +If disabled(2), then the device was administratively disabled, possibly by being refused network access in the configuration file. +If waitingForDhcpOffer(3), then a DHCP Discover has been transmitted and no offer has yet been received. +If waitingForDhcpResponse(4), then a DHCP Request has been transmitted and no response has yet been received. +If waitingForConfig(5), then a request to the config parameter server has been made and no response received. +If refusedByCmts(6), then the Registration Request/Response exchange with the CMTS failed. " + +#### REFERENCE + +"DOCSIS Radio Frequency Interface Specification" +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 1 } + +This object is obsolete + +### pktcMtaDevServerDhcp OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX IpAddress +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +``` + +STATUS obsolete +DESCRIPTION + "The IP address of the DHCP server that assigned an IP + address to this device. Returns 0.0.0.0 if DHCP was not + used for IP address assignment." + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 2 } + +-- + +pktcMtaDevServerDns1 OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX IpAddress + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The IP address of the primary DNS server to be used by the + MTA to resolve the FQDNs and IP addresses." + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 3 } + +pktcMtaDevServerDns2 OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX IpAddress + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The IP address of the Secondary DNS server to be used by + the MTA to resolve the FQDNs and IP addresses. Contains + 0.0.0.0 if there is no Secondary DNS server specified + for the MTA under consideration." + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 4 } + +pktcMtaDevConfigFile OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object specifies the MTA device configuration file + information, including the access method, the server + name and the configuration file name. The value of this + object is the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) of the + configuration file for TFTP or HTTP download. + If this object value is a TFTP URL, it must be formatted + as defined in RFC 3617. + If this object value is an HTTP URL, it must be formatted + as defined in RFC 2616. + If the MTA SNMP Enrollment mechanism is used, then the MTA + must download the file provided by the Provisioning Server + during provisioning via an SNMP SET on this object. + If the MTA SNMP Enrollment mechanism is not used, this + object MUST contain the URL value corresponding to the + 'siaddr' and 'file' fields received in the DHCP ACK to + locate the configuration file: the 'siaddr' & 'file' + fields represent the host and file of the TFTP URL. + In this case, the MTA MUST return an + 'inconsistentValue' error in response to SNMP SET + operations. The MTA MUST return a zero-length string if + the server address (host part of the URL) is unknown." + REFERENCE + "RFC 3617, URI Scheme for TFTP; RFC 2616, HTTP 1.1" + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 5 } + +pktcMtaDevSnmpEntity OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the FQDN of the SNMP entity of the + Provisioning Server. When the MTA SNMP Enrollment + +``` + +Mechanism is used, this object represents the server the MTA communicates with, to receive the configuration file URL from, and, to send the enrollment notification to. The SNMP entity is also the destination entity for all the provisioning notifications. It may be also used for post-provisioning SNMP operations. During the provisioning phase, this SNMP entity FQDN is supplied to the MTA via the DHCP option 122 sub-option 3 as defined in IETF RFC 3495." + +#### REFERENCE + +"PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification; +IETF RFC 3495, DHCP Option for CableLabs Client Configuration." +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 6 } + +### pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(16|20)) + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This object contains the hash value of the contents of the config file. If the authentication algorithm is MD5, the length is 128 bits. If the authentication algorithm is SHA-1, the length is 160 bits. The hash calculation MUST follow the requirements defined in the PacketCable Security specification. When the MTA SNMP Enrollment mechanism is used, this hash value is calculated and sent to the MTA prior to sending the config file. This object value is then provided by the Provisioning server via an SNMP SET operation. When the MTA SNMP Enrollment mechanism is not in use, the hash value is provided in the configuration file itself and it is also calculated by the MTA. This object value MUST represent the hash value calculated by the MTA. When the MTA SNMP Enrollment mechanism is not in use, the MTA must reject all SNMP SET operations on this object and return an 'inconsistentValue' error." + +#### REFERENCE + +"PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification; +PacketCable Security Specification." +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 7 } + +### pktcMtaDevProvConfigKey OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(0|8)) + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This object contains the key used to encrypt/decrypt the configuration file when secure SNMPv3 provisioning is used. It is sent to the MTA prior to sending the config file. If the privacy algorithm is null, the length is 0. If the privacy algorithm is DES, the length is 64 bits. This object must not be used in non secure provisioning mode. In non secure provisioning modes, the MTA MUST return an 'inconsistentValue' in response to SNMP SET operations, and, the MTA MUST return a 'genErr' error in response to SNMP GET operations." + +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 8 } + +``` + +pktcMtaDevProvSolicitedKeyTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object defines a Kerberos Key Management timer on the + MTA. It is the time period during which the MTA saves the + nonce and Server Kerberos Principal Identifier to match an + AP Request and its associated AP Reply response from the + Provisioning Server. + After the timeout has been exceeded, the client discards + this (nonce, Server Kerberos Principal Identifier) pair, + after which it will no longer accept a matching AP Reply. + This timer only applies when the Provisioning Server + initiated key management for SNMPv3 (with a + Wake Up message). This object should not be used in non + secure provisioning modes. In non secure provisioning + modes, the MTA MUST return an 'inconsistentValue' in + response to SNMP SET operations, and the MTA MUST + return a 'genErr' error in response to SNMP GET + operations." + DEFVAL { 120 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 9 } + +``` + +Unsolicited Key Updates are based on an exponential backoff mechanism with two timers for AS replies. The fast timers have a maximum timer (pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout seconds) and a nominal timer (pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout seconds) from which the backoff timer determinations are made. + +Timeouts for unsolicited key management updates are only pertinent before the first SNMPv3 message is sent between the MTA and the Provisioning server and before the configuration file is loaded. + +``` + +pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + + SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object defines the timeout value that applies to + an MTA-initiated AP-REQ/REP key management exchange with + the Provisioning Server in SNMPv3 provisioning. + It is the maximum timeout value and it may not be exceeded + in the exponential back-off algorithm. If the DHCP option + code 122 sub-option 5 is provided to the MTA, it overwrites + this value. + In non secure provisioning mode, the MTA MUST return + a 'genErr' error in response to SNMP GET operations." + +``` + +``` + +REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" +DEFVAL {600} +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 10 } + +pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object defines the starting value of the timeout + for the AP-REQ/REP Backoff and Retry mechanism + with exponential timeout in SNMPv3 provisioning. + If the DHCP option code 122 sub-option 5 is provided to + the MTA, it overwrites this value. + In non secure provisioning mode, the MTA MUST return + a 'genErr' error in response to SNMP GET operations." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL {30} + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 11 } + +pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "This is the mean deviation for the round trip delay + timings." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 12 } + +pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..32) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains a retry counter that applies to + an MTA-initiated AP-REQ/REP key management exchange with + the Provisioning Server in secure SNMPv3 provisioning. + It is the maximum number of retries before the MTA stops + attempting to establish a Security Association with + Provisioning Server. + If the DHCP option code 122 sub-option 5 is provided to + the MTA, it overwrites this value. + In non secure provisioning mode, the MTA MUST return + a 'genErr' error in response to SNMP GET operations." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL {8} + ::= { pktcMtaDevServer 13 } + +pktcMtaDevProvKerbRealmName OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..255)) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "For Secure provisioning this object contains the name of + the associated provisioning Kerberos realm acquired during + the MTA4 provisioning step (DHCP Ack). + +``` + +Additionally this object value is used as an index into the pktcMtaDevRealmTable. In which case, the upper case ASCII representation of the associated Kerberos realm name MUST be used by both the Manager (SNMP entity) and the MTA. The Kerberos realm name for the Provisioning Server is supplied to the MTA via DHCP option code 122 sub-option 6 as defined in RFC 3495. + +For non secure provisioning modes, the value of this object MUST contain the value supplied in the DHCP ACK message (option code 122 sub-option 6)." + +#### REFERENCE + +"PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification; +RFC 3495, DHCP Option for CableLabs Client Configuration." +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 14 } + +### pktcMtaDevProvState OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX INTEGER { + +operational (1), +waitingForSnmpSetInfo (2), +waitingForTftpAddrResponse (3), +waitingForConfigFile (4) + +} + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +" This object defines the MTA provisioning state. + +If the state is: + +'operational(1)', the device has completed the loading and processing of the initialization parameters. + +'waitingForSnmpSetInfo(2)', the device is waiting on its configuration file download access information. Note that this state is only reported when the MTA SNMP enrollment mechanism is used. + +'waitingForTftpAddrResponse(3)', the device has sent a DNS request to resolve the server providing the configuration file and it is awaiting for a response. Note that this state is only reported when the MTA SNMP enrollment mechanism is used. + +'waitingForConfigFile(4)', the device has sent a request via TFTP or HTTP for the download of its configuration file and it is awaiting for a response or the file download is in progress." + +#### REFERENCE + +"PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification, +PacketCable Security Specification" +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 15 } + +### pktcMtaDevServerDhcp1 OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX IpAddress + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"The IP address of the primary DHCP server which would cater to the MTA during its provisioning. Contains 255.255.255.255 if there was no preference given with respect to the DHCP servers for MTaprovisioning." + +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 16 } + +### pktcMtaDevServerDhcp2 OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX IpAddress + +``` + +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION "The IP address of the Secondary DHCP server + which could cater to the MTA during its provisioning. + Contains 0.0.0.0 if there is no specific secondary DHCP + server to be considered during MTA provisioning." +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 17 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevTimeServer OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX IpAddress +MAX-ACCESS read-write +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "IP address of the Time Server from which to obtain the + time. Contains 0.0.0.0 if the Time Protocol is not used for + time synchronization." +::= { pktcMtaDevServer 18 } + +``` + +``` + + + The following group describes the security objects in the MTA + + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevManufacturerCertificate OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX X509Certificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + " This object contains the MTA Manufacturer Certificate. + The object value must be the ASN.1 DER encoding of the MTA + manufacturer's X.509 public key certificate. The MTA + Manufacturer Certificate is issued to each MTA + manufacturer and is installed into each MTA at the time of + manufacture or with a secure code download. The specific + requirements related to this certificate are defined in + the PacketCable Security specification." +REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification." +::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 1 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevCertificate OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX X509Certificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "ASN.1 DER encoding of the MTA's X.509 public-key + certificate issued by the manufacturer and installed + into the embedded-MTA in the factory. This certificate, + called MTA Device Certificate, contains the MTA's MAC + address. It cannot be updated by the provisioning server." +::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 2 } + +``` + +``` + + + THIS OBJECT IS OBSOLETE + +pktcMtaDevSignature OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (0..256)) +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS obsolete + +``` + +``` + +DESCRIPTION + "A unique signature created by the MTA for each SNMP + Inform or SNMP Trap or SNMP GetResponse message exchanged + prior to enabling SNMPv3 security ASN.1 encoded Digital + signature in the Cryptographic message syntax (includes + nonce). " + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 3 } + +pktcMtaDevCorrelationId OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Random value generated by the MTA for use in registration + authorization. It is for use only in the MTA initialization + messages and for MTA configuration file download " + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 4 } + + + + pktcMtaDevSecurityTable + + The pktcMtaDevSecurityTable shows security association information + relating to a particular MTA endpoint. The MTA endpoint is indexed + with ifIndex. + + + + + THIS TABLE IS OBSOLETE + + +pktcMtaDevSecurityTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcMtaDevSecurityEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "Contains per endpoint security information." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 5 } + +pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcMtaDevSecurityEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "List of security attributes for a single PacketCable + endpoint interface." + INDEX { ifIndex } + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityTable 1 } + +PktcMtaDevSecurityEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcMtaDevServProviderCertificate X509Certificate, + pktcMtaDevTelephonyCertificate X509Certificate, + pktcMtaDevKerberosRealm OCTET STRING, + pktcMtaDevKerbPrincipalName DisplayString, + pktcMtaDevServGracePeriod Integer32, + pktcMtaDevLocalSystemCertificate X509Certificate, + pktcMtaDevKeyMgmtTimeout1 Integer32, + pktcMtaDevKeyMgmtTimeout2 Integer32 +} + +pktcMtaDevServProviderCertificate OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX X509Certificate + MAX-ACCESS read-write + +``` + +``` + +STATUS obsolete +DESCRIPTION + "ASN.1 DER encoding of the Telephony Service + Provider's X.509 public-key certificate, called + Telephony Service Provider Certificate. It serves + as the root of the intra-domain trust hierarchy. + Each MTA is configured with this certificate so + that it can authenticate TGSs owned by the same + service provider. The provisioning server needs + the ability to update this certificate in the MTAs + via both SNMP and configuration files" + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 1 } + +pktcMtaDevTelephonyCertificate OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX X509Certificate + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "ASN.1 DER encoding of the MTA's X.509 public-key + certificate issued by the Service Provider with either + the Service Provider CA or a Local System CA. This + certificate, called MTA Telephony Certificate, contains + the same public key as the MTA Device Certificate issued + by the manufacturer. It is used to authenticate the + identity of the MTA to the TGS (during PKINIT exchanges). + The provisioning server needs the ability to update this + certificate in the MTAs via both SNMP and configuration + files" + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 2 } + +pktcMtaDevKerberosRealm OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (0..1280)) + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete -- moved to realm table + DESCRIPTION + "Specifies a Kerberos realm (i.e., administrative domain), + required for Packet Cable key management." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 3 } + +pktcMtaDevKerbPrincipalName OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DisplayString (SIZE(0..40)) + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "Kerberos principal name for the Call Agent. This + information is required in order for the MTA to obtain + Call Agent Kerberos tickets. This principal name does not + include the realm, which is specified as a separate field + in this configuration file. A Single Kerberos principal + name MAY be shared among several Call Agents." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 4 } + +pktcMtaDevServGracePeriod OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) + UNITS "minutes" + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete -- moved to realm table + DESCRIPTION + "The MTA MUST obtain a new Kerberos ticket (with a PKINIT + exchange), many minutes before the old ticket expires. + The minimum allowable value is 15 mins. The default is + 30 mins." + DEFVAL { 30 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 5 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevLocalSystemCertificate OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX X509Certificate + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "The Telephony Service Provider CA may delegate the + issuance of certificates to a regional Certification + Authority called Local System CA (with the corresponding + Local System Certificate). This parameter is the ASN.1 + DER encoding of the Local System Certificate. It MUST have + a non-empty value when the MTA Telephony certificate is + signed by a Local System CA. Otherwise, the value MUST + be of length 0." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 6 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevKeyMgmtTimeout1 OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete -- moved to cms table + DESCRIPTION + "This timeout applies only when the MTA initiated key + management. It is the period during which the MTA will + save a nonce (inside the sequence number field) from the + sent out AP Request and wait for the matching AP Reply + from the CMS." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 7 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevKeyMgmtTimeout2 OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete -- changed to adaptive backoff and moved to + -- cms table + DESCRIPTION + "This timeout applies only when the CMS initiated key + management (with a Wake Up or Rekey message). + It is the period during which the MTA will + save a nonce (inside the sequence number field) from + the sent out AP Request and wait for the matching AP + Reply from the CMS." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 8 } + +``` + +-- + +-- Ticket Granting Server information + +-- + +``` + +----- +----- THIS TABLE IS OBSOLETE ----- +----- + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevTgsTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcMtaDevTgsEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete -- Secure Provisioning ECR + DESCRIPTION + "Contains per endpoint Ticket Granting Server information." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurityEntry 8 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevTgsEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcMtaDevTgsEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete -- Secure Provisioning ECR + DESCRIPTION + "List of Tgs attributes for a single packet cable + endpoint interface." + INDEX { ifIndex, pktcMtaDevTgsIndex } + ::= { pktcMtaDevTgsTable 1 } + +PktcMtaDevTgsEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcMtaDevTgsIndex Integer32, + pktcMtaDevTgsLocation DisplayString, + pktcMtaDevTgsStatus RowStatus +} + +pktcMtaDevTgsIndex OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647) + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete -- Secure Provisioning ECR + DESCRIPTION + "Index into the TGS table for TGS locations. + IfType specifies the endpoint, TgsIndex specifies a TGS." + ::= { pktcMtaDevTgsEntry 1 } + +pktcMtaDevTgsLocation OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DisplayString (SIZE (0..255)) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS obsolete -- Secure Provisioning ECR + DESCRIPTION + "Name of the TGS Ticket Granting Server, which is the + Kerberos Server. This parameter is a FQDN or Ipv4 address. + There may be multiple entries of this type. The order + in which these entries are listed is the priority order + in which the MTA will attempt to contact them for this + endpoint." + ::= { pktcMtaDevTgsEntry 2 } + +pktcMtaDevTgsStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX RowStatus + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS obsolete -- Secure Provisioning ECR + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the Row Status associated with + the pktcMtaDevTgsTable." + ::= { pktcMtaDevTgsEntry 3 } + +pktcMtaDevTelephonyRootCertificate OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX X509Certificate + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "ASN.1 DER encoding of the IP Telephony Root X.509 + public-key certificate stored in the MTA non-volatile + memory and updateable with a code download. This + certificate is used to validate the initial AS Reply + from the KDC received during the MTA initialization." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 9 } + +===== +-- +-- Procedures for setting up security associations: +-- +-- A security association may be set up either via configuration or via + +``` + +-- NCS signalling. + +##### -- I. Security association setup via configuration. + +-- The realm must be configured first. Associated with the realm is a KDC. The realm table (pktcMtaDevRealmTable) indicates information about realm (e.g., name, organization name) and parameters associated with KDC communications (e.g., grace periods, AS request/AS reply adaptive backoff parameters). + +-- Once the realm is established, one or more servers may be defined in the realm. For PacketCable, these are Call Management Servers (CMSs). Associated with each CMS entry in the pktcMtaDevCmsTable is an explicit reference to a Realm via the realm index (pktcMtaDevCmsKerbRealmName), the FQDN of the CMS, and parameters associated with IPSec management with the CMS (e.g., clock skew, AP request/AP reply adaptive backoff parameters). + +##### -- II. Security association setup via NCS signalling + +-- NOTE - The following process is done automatically by the MTA. The NCS is not involved in creating signalled entries. The current CMS signalling association being used by an endpoint is marked as active in CMS MAP table. If NCS signalling requests a change of signalling association to a different FQDN, the MTA checks the current CMS MAP table entries for the affected endpoint. If the entry exists in the CMS MAP table, the current CMS MAP table entry is marked inactive and the newly chosen CMS MAP table entry is marked active. + +-- If the entry does not exist in the CMS MAP table, the CMS table is checked to determine whether or not it contains the CMS specified by CMS signalling (possibly a redirection). If the desired CMS entry is defined, then a corresponding entry is created and an entry in the CMS MAP table is created. If the MTA does not have current associations with that CMS, it will now perform key management to establish required security associations. Once the desired CMS entry is established, the current CMS MAP table entry is marked inactive and the newly created CMS MAP table entry is marked active. Otherwise the current CMS MAP table entry remains active and the newly created CMS MAP table entry is marked inactive. + +-- If the entry does not exist in the CMS MAP table and the CMS entry does not exist in the CMS table, a new CMS table entry should be created. This CMS entry should use the same realm as used by this endpoint. The default values for the clock skew and AP request/AP reply adaptive backoff parameters should be used. The MTA will now perform key management to establish required security associations. Once the desired CMS entry is established, the current CMS MAP table entry is marked inactive and the newly created CMS MAP table entry is marked active. + +``` + +-- Otherwise the current CMS MAP table entry remains +-- active and the newly created CMS MAP table entry is +-- marked inactive. +-- +-- III. When the MTA receives wake-up or rekey messages from a CMS, +-- it performs key management based on the corresponding entry +-- in the CMS table. If the matching CMS entry does not exist, +-- it must ignore the wake-up or rekey messages. +-- +--===== + +``` + +``` + +--===== +-- +-- pktcMtaDevRealmTable +-- +-- The pktcMtaDevRealmTable shows the KDC realms. The table is +-- indexed withpktcMtaDevRealmName. The Realm Table is used in conjunction +-- with any server which needs a security association with an +-- server MTA. The table (today the CMS) has a security association. +-- Each server-MTA security association is associated with a +-- single Realm. This allows for multiple realms, each +-- with its own security association. +-- +--===== + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevRealmTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcMtaDevRealmEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Contains per Kerberos realm security parameters." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 16 } + +pktcMtaDevRealmEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcMtaDevRealmEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "List of security parameters for a single Kerberos realm." + INDEX { IMPLIED pktcMtaDevRealmName } + ::= { pktcMtaDevRealmTable 1 } + +PktcMtaDevRealmEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcMtaDevRealmName SnmpAdminString, + pktcMtaDevRealmPkinitGracePeriod Integer32, + pktcMtaDevRealmTgsGracePeriod Integer32, + pktcMtaDevRealmOrgName OCTET STRING, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout Integer32, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout Integer32, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev Integer32, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries Integer32, + pktcMtaDevRealmStatus RowStatus +} + +pktcMtaDevRealmName OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString(SIZE(1..255)) + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + +``` + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"The corresponding Kerberos Realm name. This is used as an index into pktcMtaDevRealmTable. When used as an index, it is used by both the Manager(SNMPv3 Entity) and the MTA." +::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 1 } + +### pktcMtaDevRealmPkinitGracePeriod OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Integer32 (15..600) +UNITS "minutes" +MAX-ACCESS read-create +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION +"For the purposes of the key management with an Application Server (CMS or Provisioning Server), the MTA MUST obtain a new Kerberos ticket (with a PKINIT exchange), many minutes before the old ticket expires. The minimum allowable value is 15 mins. The default is 30 mins. This parameter MAY also be used with other Kerberized applications." +DEFVAL { 30 } +::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 2 } + +### pktcMtaDevRealmTgsGracePeriod OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Integer32 (1..600) +UNITS "minutes" +MAX-ACCESS read-create +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION +"When the MTA implementation uses TGS Request/TGS Reply Kerberos messages for the purpose of the key management with an Application Server (CMS or Provisioning Server), the MTA MUST obtain a new service ticket for the Application Server (with a TGS Request), many minutes before the old ticket expires. The minimum allowable value is 1 min. The default is 10 mins. This parameter MAY also be used with other Kerberized applications." +DEFVAL { 10 } +::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 3 } + +### pktcMtaDevRealmOrgName OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (1..64)) +MAX-ACCESS read-create +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION +"The value of the X.500 organization name attribute in the subject name of the Service provider certificate" +::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 4 } + +----- +-- +-- Unsolicited Key Updates are based on an exponential backoff +-- mechanism with two timers for AS replies. The backoff timers have a +-- maximum value of pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout seconds +-- and a nominal timer has a pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout +-- seconds from which the backoff timer determinations are made. +-- After pktcMatDevRealmUnsolicitedMaxRetries have occurred no more +-- attempts are made. +-- +----- + +``` + +pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This timeout applies only when the MTA initiated key + management. The maximum timeout is the value which may not + be exceeded in the exponential backoff algorithm. If + provided, DHCP-Option-122-Sub-option 4 overrides this value." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL { 30 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 5 } + +pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (100..600000) + UNITS "milliseconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Defines the starting value of the timeout for the AS-REQ/REP + Backoff and Retry mechanism with exponential timeout. If + provided, DHCP-Option-122-Sub-option 4 overrides this + value." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification, + PacketCable Provisioning Specification" + DEFVAL { 10000 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 6 } + +pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "This is a measurement of the mean deviation for the round + trip delay timings." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL { 2 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 7 } + +pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (0..1024) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This is the maximum number of retries before the MTA + gives up attempting to establish a security association. + If provided, DHCP-Option-122-Sub-option 4 overrides this + value." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL { 5 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 8 } + +pktcMtaDevRealmStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX RowStatus + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + +``` + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This object contains the Row Status associated with +the pktcMtaDevRealmTable." + +::= { pktcMtaDevRealmEntry 9 } + +===== + +-- + +-- pktcMtaDevCmsTable + +-- + +-- The pktcMtaDevCmsTable shows the IPSec key management policy + +-- relating to a particular CMS. The table is indexed with + +-- pktcMtaDevCmsFQDN. + +-- + +===== + +pktcMtaDevCmsTable OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcMtaDevCmsEntry + +MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"Contains per CMS key management policy." + +::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 17 } + +pktcMtaDevCmsEntry OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX PktcMtaDevCmsEntry + +MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"List of key management parameters for a single MTA-CMS +interface." + +INDEX { IMPLIED pktcMtaDevCmsFqdn } + +::= { pktcMtaDevCmsTable 1 } + +PktcMtaDevCmsEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + +pktcMtaDevCmsFqdn SnmpAdminString, + +pktcMtaDevCmsKerbRealmName SnmpAdminString, + +pktcMtaDevCmsSolicitedKeyTimeout Integer32, + +pktcMtaDevCmsMaxClockSkew Integer32, + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout Integer32, + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout Integer32, + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev Integer32, + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries Integer32, + +pktcMtaDevCmsStatus RowStatus, + +pktcMtaDevCmsIpsecCtrl TruthValue + +} + +pktcMtaDevCmsFqdn OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..255)) + +MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This object specifies the fully qualified +domain name of the CMS. + +When used as an index, the upper case ASCII +representation of the associated CMS FQDN + +MUST be used by both the SNMP Manager and the MTA." + +::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 1 } + +pktcMtaDevCmsKerbRealmName OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(1..255)) + +MAX-ACCESS read-create + +STATUS current + +``` + +DESCRIPTION + "The Kerberos Realm Name of the associated CMS. This is + the index into the pktcMtaDevRealmTable. + When used as an index, the upper case ASCII + representation of the associated CMS FQDN + must be used by both the SNMP Manager and the MTA " + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 2 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevCmsMaxClockSkew OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..1800) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This is the maximum allowable clock skew between the + MTA and CMS" + DEFVAL { 300 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 3 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevCmsSolicitedKeyTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (100..30000) + UNITS "milliseconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This timeout applies only when the CMS initiated key + management(with a Wake Up or Rekey message). It is the + period during which the MTA will save a nonce (inside the + sequence number field) from the sent out AP Request and + wait for the matching AP Reply from the CMS." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL { 1000 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 4 } + +``` + +-- +-- Unsolicited Key Updates are based on an exponential backoff +-- mechanism with two timers for AP replies. The +-- backoff timers have a maximum value of +-- pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout +-- seconds and a nominal timer has +-- pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout seconds from which the +-- backoff timer determinations are made. After +-- pktcMatDevCmsUnsolicitedMaxRetries have occurred no more +-- attempts are made. +-- + +``` + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This timeout applies only when the MTA initiated key. + The maximum management timeout is the value which may not + be exceeded in the exponential backoff algorithm." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL { 8 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 5 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (100..30000) + UNITS "milliseconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Defines the starting value of the timeout for the + AP-REQ/REP Backoff and Retry mechanism with exponential + timeout for CMS." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL { 500 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 6 } + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..600) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "This is the measurement of the mean deviation for the + round trip delay timings." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 7 } + +pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries OBJECT-TYPE + + SYNTAX Integer32 (0..1024) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This is the maximum number of retries before the MTA + gives up attempting to establish a security association." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable Security Specification" + DEFVAL { 5 } + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 8 } + +pktcMtaDevCmsStatus OBJECT-TYPE + + SYNTAX RowStatus + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the Row Status associated with the + pktcMtaDevCmsTable." + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 9 } + +pktcMtaDevCmsIpsecCtrl OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The value of 'true(1)' indicates that IPSEC and IPSEC + KeyManagement MUST be used to communicate with the CMS. + The value of 'false(2)' indicates that IPSEC Signalling + Security is disabled for both the IPSEC Key Management and + IPSECprotocol (for the specific CMS)." + DEFVAL { true } + ::= { pktcMtaDevCmsEntry 10 } + +``` + +``` + +===== +-- +-- pktcMtaCmsMapTable +--*** this table is obsolete *** +-- +-- +-- The pktcMtaCmsMapTable contains the signalling associations +-- between MTA endpoints and CMSs. It maps the endpoint to +-- zero or more entries in pktcMtaDevCmsTable. +-- +-- The table contains the following indexes and rows: +-- +-- ifIndex - the index of the physical port +-- +-- pktcMtaCmsMapCmsIndex - the index of the CMS entry in the +-- pktcMtaDevCmsTable. Valid indices are equal to current +-- pktcMtaDevCmsIndex values. +-- +-- pktcMtaCmsMapOperStatus - this value indicates which signalling +-- association the endpoint is actively using +-- +-- pktcMtaCmsMapAdminStatus - this flag indicates whether or not +-- an endpoint should use a particular CMS and its security +-- association. By setting this flag to inhibit, this associated +-- CMS cannot provide signalling to the referenced endpoint. +-- +-- pktcMtaCmsMapRowStatus - allows for the creation and deletion of +-- endpoint mappings via the NMS +-- +-- +===== + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaCmsMapTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcMtaCmsMapEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "Contains per endpoint CMS signalling associations." + ::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 18 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaCmsMapEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcMtaCmsMapEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "List of signalling associations." + INDEX { ifIndex, pktcMtaCmsMapCmsFqdn } + ::= { pktcMtaCmsMapTable 1 } + +``` + +``` + +PktcMtaCmsMapEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcMtaCmsMapCmsFqdn DisplayString, + pktcMtaCmsMapOperStatus INTEGER, + pktcMtaCmsMapAdminStatus INTEGER, + pktcMtaCmsMapRowStatus RowStatus +} + +``` + +``` + +pktcMtaCmsMapCmsFqdn OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DisplayString (SIZE(1..255)) + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS obsolete + +``` + +``` + +DESCRIPTION + "The index for the associated CMS. Valid indices + are equal to current pktcMtaDevCmsFqdn values." + ::= { pktcMtaCmsMapEntry 1 } + +pktcMtaCmsMapOperStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + inactive (1), + active (2) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "The operational status of signalling association. The + meaning of the status is as follows: + inactive - signalling is not currently active + active - signalling is active." + ::= { pktcMtaCmsMapEntry 2 } + +pktcMtaCmsMapAdminStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + inhibit (1), + allow (2) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "The administrative status for signalling over the indicated + security association. The meaning of the status is as + follows: + inhibit -signalling is not currently allowed + allow - signalling is allowed." + ::= { pktcMtaCmsMapEntry 3 } + +pktcMtaCmsMapRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX RowStatus + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + "This object is used for creating and deleting an entry + in this table via an element manager." + ::= { pktcMtaCmsMapEntry 4 } + +pktcMtaDevResetKrbTickets OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX BITS { + invalidateProvOnReboot (0), + invalidateAllCmsOnReboot (1) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object defines a Kerberos Ticket Control Mask that + instructs the MTA to invalidate the specific Application + Server Kerberos Ticket(s) that are stored locally in the + MTA NVRAM (non-volatile or persistent memory). + If the MTA does not store Kerberos tickets in NVRAM, it + MUST ignore setting of this object, and MUST report a BITS + value of zero when the object is read. + If the MTA supports Kerberos tickets storage in NVRAM, the + object value is encoded as follows: + - Setting the invalidateProvOnReboot bit (bit 0) to 1 + means that the MTA MUST invalidate the Kerberos + Application Ticket(s) for the Provisioning Application + at the next MTA reboot (if secure SNMP provisioning mode + +``` + +is used). In non secure provisioning modes, the MTA MUST return an 'inconsistentValue' in response to SNMP SET operations with a bit 0 set to 1. + +- Setting the invalidateAllCmsOnReboot bit (bit 1) to 1 means that the MTA MUST invalidate the Kerberos Application Ticket(s) for all CMSes currently assigned to the MTA endpoints." + +#### REFERENCE + +"PacketCable Security Specification" + +DEFVAL {{ }} } + +::= { pktcMtaDevSecurity 19 } + +-- + +-- notification group is for future extension. + +-- + +pktcMtaNotificationPrefix OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaMib 2 } + +pktcMtaNotification OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { + +pktcMtaNotificationPrefix 0 } + +pktcMtaConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaMib 3 } + +pktcMtaCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaConformance 1 } + +pktcMtaGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcMtaConformance 2 } + +-- + +-- Notification Group + +-- + +pktcMtaDevProvisioningEnrollment NOTIFICATION-TYPE + +``` + + OBJECTS { + sysDescr, + pktcMtaDevSwCurrentVers, + pktcMtaDevTypeIdentifier, + pktcMtaDevMacAddress, + pktcMtaDevCorrelationId + } + +``` + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This INFORM notification is issued by the MTA to initiate the PacketCable provisioning process when the MTA SNMP enrollment mechanism is used. + +It contains the system description, the current software version, the MTA device type identifier, the MTA MAC address (obtained in the MTA ifTable in the ifPhysAddress object that corresponds to the ifIndex 1) and a correlation ID." + +::= { pktcMtaNotification 1 } + +pktcMtaDevProvisioningStatus NOTIFICATION-TYPE + +``` + + OBJECTS { + pktcMtaDevMacAddress, + pktcMtaDevCorrelationId, + pktcMtaDevProvisioningState + } + +``` + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This INFORM notification may be issued by the MTA to confirm the completion of the PacketCable provisioning process, and to report its provisioning completion status. + +It contains the MTA MAC address (obtained in the MTA ifTable in the ifPhysAddress object that corresponds to the ifIndex 1), a correlation ID and the MTA provisioning state as defined in pktcMtaDevProvisioningState." + +::= { pktcMtaNotification 2 } + +-- compliance statements + +``` + +pktcMtaBasicCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The compliance statement for devices that implement + MTA feature." + MODULE --pktcMtaMib +-- unconditionally mandatory groups + MANDATORY-GROUPS { + pktcMtaGroup, + pktcMtaNotificationGroup + } + ::= { pktcMtaCompliances 3 } +pktcMtaGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcMtaDevResetNow, + pktcMtaDevSerialNumber, + pktcMtaDevMacAddress, + pktcMtaDevFQDN, + pktcMtaDevEndPntCount, + pktcMtaDevEnabled, + pktcMtaDevTypeIdentifier, + pktcMtaDevProvisioningState, + pktcMtaDevHttpAccess, + pktcMtaDevCertificate, + pktcMtaDevCorrelationId, + pktcMtaDevManufacturerCertificate, + pktcMtaDevServerDhcp1, + pktcMtaDevServerDhcp2, + pktcMtaDevServerDns1, + pktcMtaDevServerDns2, + pktcMtaDevTimeServer, + pktcMtaDevConfigFile, + pktcMtaDevSnmpEntity, + pktcMtaDevRealmPkinitGracePeriod, + pktcMtaDevRealmTgsGracePeriod, + pktcMtaDevRealmOrgName, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries, + pktcMtaDevRealmStatus, + pktcMtaDevCmsKerbRealmName, + pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout, + pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout, + pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries, + pktcMtaDevCmsSolicitedKeyTimeout, + pktcMtaDevCmsMaxClockSkew, + pktcMtaDevCmsStatus, + pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout, + pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout, + pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries, + pktcMtaDevProvKerbRealmName, + pktcMtaDevProvSolicitedKeyTimeout, + pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash, + pktcMtaDevProvConfigKey, + pktcMtaDevProvState, + pktcMtaDevProvisioningTimer, + pktcMtaDevTelephonyRootCertificate, + pktcMtaDevErrorOid, + pktcMtaDevErrorGiven, + pktcMtaDevErrorReason, + pktcMtaDevSwCurrentVers, + pktcMtaDevResetKrbTickets, + pktcMtaDevCmsIpsecCtrl, + pktcMtaDevProvisioningCounter + } +} + +``` + +``` + +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "Group of objects for PacketCable MTA MIB." +::= { pktcMtaGroups 1 } +pktcMtaNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP +NOTIFICATIONS { + pktcMtaDevProvisioningStatus, + pktcMtaDevProvisioningEnrollment +} +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "These notifications deal with change in status of + MTA Device." +::= { pktcMtaGroups 2 } + +pktcMtaObsoleteGroup OBJECT-GROUP +OBJECTS { + pktcMtaDevHardwareVersion, + pktcMtaDevSignature, + pktcMtaDevServProviderCertificate, + pktcMtaDevTelephonyCertificate, + pktcMtaDevKerberosRealm, + pktcMtaDevKerbPrincipalName, + pktcMtaDevServGracePeriod, + pktcMtaDevLocalSystemCertificate, + pktcMtaDevKeyMgmtTimeout1, + pktcMtaDevTgsLocation, + pktcMtaDevTgsStatus, + pktcMtaDevServerBootState, + pktcMtaCmsMapOperStatus, + pktcMtaCmsMapAdminStatus, + pktcMtaCmsMapRowStatus, + pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev, + pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev, + pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMeanDev, + pktcMtaDevServerDhcp, + pktcMtaDevKeyMgmtTimeout2 +} +STATUS obsolete +DESCRIPTION + "Group of obsolete objects for PacketCable MTA MIB." +::= { pktcMtaGroups 3 } + +END + +``` + +## Annex C + +### Network call signalling MIB + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The NCS MIB MUST be implemented as defined below. + +PKTC-SIG-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN + +IMPORTS + +MODULE-IDENTITY, +OBJECT-TYPE, +Integer32, +IpAddress, +BITS +    FROM SNMPv2-SMI +TEXTUAL-CONVENTION, +RowStatus, +TruthValue +    FROM SNMPv2-TC +OBJECT-GROUP, +MODULE-COMPLIANCE +    FROM SNMPv2-CONF +SnmpAdminString +    FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB +clabProjPacketCable +    FROM CLAB-DEF-MIB +ifIndex +    FROM IF-MIB; + +pktcSigMib MODULE-IDENTITY +    LAST-UPDATED "200501280000Z" -- January 28, 2005 +    ORGANIZATION "CableLabs -- PacketCable OSS Group" +    CONTACT-INFO +        "Sumanth Channabasappa +        Postal: CableLabs, Inc. +            858 Coal Creek Circle +            Louisville, CO 80027-9750 +            U.S.A. +        Phone: +1 303-661-9100 +        Fax: +1 303-661-9199 +        E-mail: mibs@cablelabs.com" + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB module supplies the basic management object for the PacketCable Signalling protocols. This version of the MIB includes common signalling and Network Call Signalling (NCS) related signalling objects. +Acknowledgements: +Angela Lyda           Arris Interactive +Sasha Medvinsky   Motorola +Roy Spitzer           Telogy Networks, Inc. +Rick Vetter           Motorola +Itay Sherman       Texas Instruments +Klaus Hermans      Cisco Systems +Eugene Nechamkin Broadcom Corp. +Satish Kumar       Texas Instruments +Copyright 1999-2005 Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. +All rights reserved." + +REVISION "200501280000Z" + +DESCRIPTION + +"This revision, published as part of the PacketCable +1.5 Signalling MIB I01 Specification." + +::= { clabProjPacketCable 2 } + +PktcCodecType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"Textual Convention defines various types of CODECs that MAY be supported. The list of CODECs MUST be consistent with the Codec RTP MAP Parameters Table in the PacketCable CODEC specification. In-line embedded comments below contain the Literal Codec Name for each CODEC. The Literal Codec Name corresponds to the second column of the Codec RTP MAP Parameters Table. The Literal Codec Name Column contains the CODEC name that is used in the LCD of the NCS messages CRCX/MDX, and is also used to identify the CODEC in the CMS Provisioning Specification. The RTP Map Parameter Column of the Codec RTP MAP Parameters Table contains the string used in the media attribute line ('a=') of the SDP parameters in NCS messages." + +REFERENCE + +"PacketCable CODEC Specification" + +SYNTAX INTEGER { + +other (1), +unknown (2), +g729 (3), -- G729 +reserved (4), -- reserved for future use +g729E (5), -- G729E +pcmu (6), -- PCMU +g726at32 (7), -- G726-32 +g728 (8), -- G728 +pcma (9), -- PCMA +g726at16 (10), -- G726-16 +g726at24 (11), -- G726-24 +g726at40 (12), -- G726-40 +ilbc (13), -- iLBC +bv16 (14) -- BV16 +} + +PktcRingCadence ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This object represents a ring cadence in bit string format. The ring cadence representation starts with the first 1 in the pattern (the leading 0s in the MSB are padding and are to be ignored). Each bit represents 100 ms of tone; 1 is tone, 0 is no tone. 64 bits MUST be used for cadence representation, LSB 4 bits are used for representing repeatable characteristics. 0000 means repeatable, and 1000 means non repeatable. During SNMP SET operations 64 bits MUST be used, otherwise MTA MUST reject the value. As an example, the hex representation of a ring cadence of 0.5 secs on; 4 secs off; repeatable would be:0x0001F000000000000000." + +SYNTAX BITS { + +interval1 (0), +interval2 (1), +interval3 (2), +interval4 (3), +interval5 (4), +interval6 (5), + +``` + + interval7 (6), + interval8 (7), + interval9 (8), + interval10 (9), + interval11 (10), + interval12 (11), + interval13 (12), + interval14 (13), + interval15 (14), + interval16 (15), + interval17 (16), + interval18 (17), + interval19 (18), + interval20 (19), + interval21 (20), + interval22 (21), + interval23 (22), + interval24 (23), + interval25 (24), + interval26 (25), + interval27 (26), + interval28 (27), + interval29 (28), + interval30 (29), + interval31 (30), + interval32 (31), + interval33 (32), + interval34 (33), + interval35 (34), + interval36 (35), + interval37 (36), + interval38 (37), + interval39 (38), + interval40 (39), + interval41 (40), + interval42 (41), + interval43 (42), + interval44 (43), + interval45 (44), + interval46 (45), + interval47 (46), + interval48 (47), + interval49 (48), + interval50 (49), + interval51 (50), + interval52 (51), + interval53 (52), + interval54 (53), + interval55 (54), + interval56 (55), + interval57 (56), + interval58 (57), + interval59 (58), + interval60 (59), + interval61 (60), + interval62 (61), + interval63 (62), + interval64 (63) + } + +``` + +``` + +PktcSigType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + +``` + +"These are the various types of signalling that may be supported. + ncs - network call signalling a derivation of MGCP + (Media Gateway Control Protocol) version 1.0 + dcs - distributed call signalling a derivation + of SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) RFC 3261" + +``` +SYNTAX INTEGER { + other(1), + unknown(2), + ncs(3), + dcs(4) +} +``` + +``` +pktcSigMibObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcSigMib 1 } +pktcSigDevConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcSigMibObjects 1 } +pktcNcsEndPntConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcSigMibObjects 2 } +pktcSigEndPntConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcSigMibObjects 3 } +pktcDcsEndPntConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcSigMibObjects 4 } +``` + +``` +-- +-- The pktcSigDevCodecTable defines the codecs supported by this +-- Media Terminal Adapter (MTA). There is one entry for each +-- codecs supported. +-- +``` + +``` +pktcSigDevCodecTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcSigDevCodecEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This table describes the MTA supported codec types." + ::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 1 } +``` + +``` +pktcSigDevCodecEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcSigDevCodecEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "List of supported codecs types for the MTA." + INDEX { pktcSigDevCodecIndex } + ::= { pktcSigDevCodecTable 1 } +``` + +``` +PktcSigDevCodecEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcSigDevCodecIndex Integer32, + pktcSigDevCodecType PktcCodecType, + pktcSigDevCodecMax Integer32 +} +``` + +``` +pktcSigDevCodecIndex OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..16383) + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The index value which uniquely identifies an entry + in the pktcSigDevCodecTable." + ::= { pktcSigDevCodecEntry 1 } +``` + +``` +pktcSigDevCodecType OBJECT-TYPE +``` + +``` + +SYNTAX PktcCodecType +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "A codec type supported by this MTA." +::= { pktcSigDevCodecEntry 2 } + +pktcSigDevCodecMax OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32(1..16383) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The maximum number of simultaneous sessions of the + specific codec that the MTA can support" + ::= { pktcSigDevCodecEntry 3 } + +-- +-- These are the common signalling related definitions that affect +-- the entire MTA device. +-- + +pktcSigDevEchoCancellation OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object specifies if the device is capable + of echo cancellation." + ::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 2 } + +pktcSigDevSilenceSuppression OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object specifies if the device is capable of + silence suppression (Voice Activity Detection)." + ::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 3 } + +pktcSigDevConnectionMode OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX BITS { + voice(0), + fax(1), + modem(2) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object specifies the connection modes that the + MTA device can support." + ::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 4 } + +-- +-- In the United States Ring Cadences 0, 6, and 7 are custom +-- ring cadences definable by the user. The following three +-- objects are used for these definitions. +-- + +pktcSigDevR0Cadence OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcRingCadence + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + +``` + + + +``` + +SYNTAX Integer32 (0..63) +MAX-ACCESS read-write +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + + "This object contains the default value used in the IP + header for setting the Type of Service (TOS) for media + stream packets. The MTA MUST NOT update this object with + the value supplied by the CMS in the NCS messages (if + present). When the value of this object is updated by + SNMP, the MTA MUST use the new value as a default starting + from the new connection. Existing connections are not + affected by the value's update." +REFERENCE + + "Refer to NCS specification" +DEFVAL { 0 } +::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 9 } + +pktcSigTosFormatSelector OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + ipv4TOSOctet(1), + dscpCodepoint(2) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + + "The format of the default signalling and media + Type of Service (TOS) values." + DEFVAL { ipv4TOSOctet } + ::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 10 } + +-- +-- pktcSigCapabilityTable - This table defines the valid signalling +-- types supported by this MTA. +-- + +pktcSigCapabilityTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcSigCapabilityEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + + "This table describes the signalling types by this MTA." + ::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 11 } + +pktcSigCapabilityEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcSigCapabilityEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + + "Entries in pktcMtaDevSigCapabilityTable - List of + supported signalling types, versions and vendor extensions + for this MTA. Each entry in the list provides for one + signalling type and version combination. If the device + supports multiple versions of the same signalling type - + it will require multiple entries." + INDEX { pktcSignallingIndex } + ::= { pktcSigCapabilityTable 1 } + +PktcSigCapabilityEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcSignallingIndex Integer32, + pktcSignallingType PktcSigType, + pktcSignallingVersion SnmpAdminString, + pktcSignallingVendorExtension SnmpAdminString +} + +``` + +``` + +pktcSignallingIndex OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..16383) + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The index value which uniquely identifies + an entry in the pktcSigCapabilityTable." + ::= { pktcSigCapabilityEntry 1 } + +pktcSignallingType OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcSigType + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The Type identifies the type of signalling + used, this can be NCS, DCS, etc. This value + has to be associated with a single signalling + version - reference pktcMtaDevSignallingVersion." + ::= { pktcSigCapabilityEntry 2 } + +pktcSignallingVersion OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Provides the version of the signalling type - + reference pktcSignallingType. Examples + would be 1.0 or 2.33 etc." + ::= { pktcSigCapabilityEntry 3 } + +pktcSignallingVendorExtension OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The vendor extension allows vendors to + provide a list of additional capabilities, + vendors can decide how to encode these + Extensions, although space separated text is + suggested." + ::= { pktcSigCapabilityEntry 4 } + +pktcSigDefNcsReceiveUdpPort OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1025..65535) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the MTA User Datagram Protocol + (UDP) receive port that is being used for NCS call + signalling. This object should only be changed by the + configuration file." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 2427 } + ::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 12 } + +pktcSigServiceClassNameUS OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..15)) + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS obsolete + +``` + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This object contains a string indicating the Service Class name to create an Upstream Service (US) Flow for NCS. If the object has an empty string value then the upstream NCS SF is not created and the best effort SF is used for upstream NCS data. The creation of the NCS SF primary occurs before Voice Communication Service is activated on the device. If this object is set to a non-empty (non-zero length) string, the MTA MUST create the NCS SF if it does not currently exist and the pktcSigServiceClassNameMask object has a non-zero value. If this object is subsequently set to an empty (zero-length) string, the MTA MUST delete the NCS SF if it exists. Setting this object to a different value does not cause the Upstream Service Flow to be re-created. The string MUST contain printable ASCII characters. The length of the string does not include a terminating zero. The MTA MUST append a terminating zero when the MTA creates the service flow. " + +::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 13 } + +### pktcSigServiceClassNameDS OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..15)) + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS obsolete + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This object contains a string indicating the Service Class Name to create a Downstream Service Flow for NCS. If the object has an empty string value, then the NCS SF is not created and the best effort primary SF is used for downstream NCS data. The creation of the NCS SF occurs before Voice Communication Service is activated on the device. If this object is set to a non-empty (non-zero length) string, the MTA MUST create the NCS SF if it does not currently exist and the pktcSigServiceClassNameMask object has a non-zero value. If this object is subsequently set to an empty (zero-length) string, the MTA MUST delete the NCS SF if it exists. Setting this object to a different value does not cause the Downstream Service Flow to be re-created. The string MUST contain printable ASCII characters. The length of the string does not include a terminating zero. The MTA MUST append a terminating zero when the MTA creates the service flow. " + +::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 14 } + +### pktcSigServiceClassNameMask OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Integer32 + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS obsolete + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This object contains a value for the Call Signalling Network Mask. The value is used as the NCS Call Signalling classifier mask. The object is used to delete the NCS SF when set to zero. When the object is set to a non-zero value by the SNMP Manager, the NCS SF is to be created." + +DEFVAL { 0 } + +::= { pktcSigDevConfigObjects 15 } + +### pktcSigNcsServiceFlowState OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX INTEGER { + +notactive (1), + +active (2), + +error (3) + +} + + + + + + + +``` + +-- The NCS End Point Config Table is used to define attributes that +-- are specific to connection EndPoints. +-- +-- + +``` + +``` + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable OBJECT-TYPE + +``` + +``` + + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry + +``` + +``` + + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +``` + +``` + + STATUS current + +``` + +``` + + DESCRIPTION + +``` + +``` + + "This table describes the PacketCable EndPoint selected + signalling type. The number of entries in this table + represents the number of provisioned end points. + +``` + +``` + + For each conceptual row of pktcSigEndPntConfigTable + defined, an associated row MUST be defined in one of + the specific signalling tables such as + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable." + +``` + +``` + + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigObjects 1 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry OBJECT-TYPE + +``` + +``` + + SYNTAX PktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry + +``` + +``` + + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +``` + +``` + + STATUS current + +``` + +``` + + DESCRIPTION + +``` + +``` + + "Entries in pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable - Each entry + describes what signalling type a particular endpoint uses." + +``` + +``` + + INDEX { ifIndex } + +``` + +``` + + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable 1 } + +``` + +``` + +PktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentId SnmpAdminString, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentUdpPort Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigPartialDialTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCriticalDialTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigBusyToneTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigDialToneTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMessageWaitingTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigOffHookWarnToneTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRingingTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRingBackTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigReorderToneTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigStutterDialToneTO Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTSMax Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1 Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2 Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1QEnable TruthValue, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2QEnable TruthValue, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMWD Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdinit Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmin Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmax Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoMax Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoInit Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigLongDurationKeepAlive Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigThist Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigStatus RowStatus, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingMaxRep Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingDelay Integer32, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntStatusCallIpAddress IpAddress, + +``` + +``` + + pktcNcsEndPntStatusError INTEGER + +``` + +``` + +} + +``` + +``` + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentId OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString(SIZE (3..255)) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains a string indicating the call agent + name(e.g.,: ca@abc.def.com). The call agent name + after the character '@', MUST be a fully qualified + domain name and MUST have a corresponding + pktcMtaDevCmsFqdn entry in the pktcMtaDevCmsTable. For + each particular end-point, the MTA MUST use the current + value of this object to communicate with the corresponding + CMS. The MTA MUST update this object with the value of the + 'Notified Entity' parameter of the NCS message. If the + Notified Entity parameter does not contain a CallAgent + port, the MTA MUST update this object with default value + of 2727. Because of the high importance of this object to + the ability of the MTA to maintain reliable NCS + communication with the CMS, it is highly recommended not + to change this object's value through management station + during normal operations." + + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 1 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentUdpPort OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1025..65535) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the current value of the User + Datagram Protocol (UDP) receive port on which the call + agent will receive NCS signalling from the endpoint. + For each particular end-point, the MTA MUST use + the current value of this object to communicate with the + corresponding CMS. The MTA MUST update this + object with the value of the 'Notified Entity' parameter + of the NCS message. If the Notified Entity + parameter does not contain a CallAgent port, the MTA MUST + update this object with default value of 2727. + Because of the high importance of this object to the + ability of the MTA to maintain reliable NCS communication + with the CMS, it is highly recommended not to change this + object's value through management station during normal + operations." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 2727 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 2 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigPartialDialTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains maximum value of the partial + dial time out." + REFERENCE + "Refer to PacketCable NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 16 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 3 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigCriticalDialTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the maximum value of the critical + dial time out." + REFERENCE + "Refer NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 4 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 4 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigBusyToneTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for busy + tone. The MTA MUST NOT update this object with the + value provided in the NCS Message (if present). + If the value of the object is modified by the + SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST use the new value as + a default only for a new signal requested by the NCS + message." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 30 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 5 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigDialToneTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for dial + tone. The MTA MUST NOT update this object with + the value provided in the NCS Message (if present). + If the value of the object is modified by the + SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST use the new value + as a default only for a new signal requested by the NCS + message." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification " + DEFVAL { 16 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 6 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigMessageWaitingTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for + message waiting indicator. The MTA MUST NOT + update this object with the value provided in the NCS + Message (if present). If the value of the object + is modified by the SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST + use the new value as a default only for a new signal + requested by the NCS message." + +``` + +``` + +REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" +DEFVAL { 16 } +::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 7 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigOffHookWarnToneTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for the + off hook Warning tone. The MTA MUST NOT update + this object with the value provided in the NCS Message (if + present). If the value of the object is modified + by the SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST use the new + value as a default only for a new signal requested by the + NCS message." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 0 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 8 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigRingingTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for + ringing. The MTA MUST NOT update this object with + the value provided in the NCS Message (if present). + If the value of the object is modified by the + SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST use the new value + as a default only for a new signal requested by the NCS + message." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 180 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 9 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigRingBackTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for ring + back. The MTA MUST NOT update this object with + the value provided in the NCS Message (if present). + If the value of the object is modified by the + SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST use the new value as + a default only for a new signal requested by the NCS + message." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 180 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 10 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigReorderToneTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + +``` + +``` + +DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for + reorder tone. The MTA MUST NOT update this + object with the value provided in the NCS Message (if + present). If the value of the object is modified + by the SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST use the new + value as a default only for a new signal requested by + the NCS message." +REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" +DEFVAL { 30 } +::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 11 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigStutterDialToneTO OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default timeout value for + stutter dial tone. The MTA MUST NOT update this + object with the value provided in the NCS Message (if + present). If the value of the object is modified + by the SNMP Management Station, the MTA MUST use the new + value as a default only for a new signal requested by the + NCS message." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 16 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 12 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigTSMax OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the max time in seconds since the + sending of the initial datagram." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 20 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 13 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1 OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the suspicious error threshold + for signalling messages." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 5 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 14 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2 OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the disconnect error + threshold for signalling messages." + +``` + +``` + +REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" +DEFVAL { 7 } +::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 15 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1QEnable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object enables/disables the Max1 Domain Name + Server (DNS) query operation when Max1 expires." + DEFVAL { true } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 16 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2QEnable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object enables/disables the Max2 DNS query + operation when Max2 expires." + DEFVAL { true } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 17 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigMWD OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Maximum Waiting Delay (MWD) contains the maximum + number of seconds a MTA waits after a restart." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 600 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 18 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdinit OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the initial number of seconds + a MTA waits after a disconnect." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 15 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 19 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmin OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the minimum number of seconds a + MTA waits after a disconnect." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 15 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 20 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmax OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the maximum number of seconds + a MTA waits after a disconnect." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 600 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 21 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoMax OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the maximum number of seconds + for the retransmission timer." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 4 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 22 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoInit OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "milliseconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the initial number of seconds + for the retransmission timer." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 200 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 23 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigLongDurationKeepAlive OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "minutes" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Specifies a timeout value in minutes for sending + long duration call notification message." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + DEFVAL { 60 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 24 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigThist OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Timeout period in seconds before no response is + declared." + REFERENCE + "Refer to NCS specification" + +``` + +``` + +DEFVAL { 30 } +::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 25 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX RowStatus + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the Row Status associated with + the pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable." + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 26 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingMaxRep OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (0..10) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the default value of the maximum + number of repetitions of the call waiting tone that the + MTA will play from a single CMS request. The MTA + MUST NOT update this object with the information provided + in the NCS Message (if present). If the value of + the object is modified by the SNMP Management Station, + the MTA MUST use the new value as a default only for a new + signal requested by the NCS message." + DEFVAL { 1 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 27 } + +pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingDelay OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..100) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the delay between repetitions + of the call waiting tone that the MTA will play from + a single CMS request." + DEFVAL { 10 } + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 28 } + +pktcNcsEndPntStatusCallIpAddress OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX IpAddress + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the IP address of the CMS + currently being used for this endpoint. This IP + address is used to create the appropriate security + association." + ::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 29 } + +pktcNcsEndPntStatusError OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + operational (1), + noSecurityAssociation (2), + disconnected (3) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the error status for this interface. + The operational state indicates that all operations + necessary to put the line in service have occurred and the CMS + has acknowledged the RSIP message successfully." + +``` + +If 'pktcMtaDevCmsIpsecCtrl' is enabled for the associated Call Agent, the noSecurityAssociation status indicates that no Security Association (SA) yet exists for this endpoint. Otherwise, the state is unused. The disconnected status indicates one of the following two: + +1. If 'pktcMtaDevCmsIpsecCtrl' is disabled then no security association is involved with this endpoint: the NCS signalling Software is in process of establishing the NCS signalling Link via an RSIP exchange. +2. Otherwise, pktcMtaDevCmsIpsecCtrl is enabled, the security Association has been established and the NCS signalling Software is in process of establishing the NCS signalling Link via an RSIP exchange." + +::= { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry 30 } + +-- + +-- notification group is for future extension. + +-- + +pktcSigNotificationPrefix OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcSigMib 2 } + +pktcSigNotification OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { + +    pktcSigNotificationPrefix 0 } + +pktcSigConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcSigMib 3 } + +pktcSigCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcSigConformance 1 } + +pktcSigGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcSigConformance 2 } + +-- compliance statements + +pktcSigBasicCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE + +    STATUS current + +    DESCRIPTION + +        "The compliance statement for devices that implement Signalling on the MTA." + +MODULE -- pktcSigMib + +-- unconditionally mandatory groups + +MANDATORY-GROUPS { + +    pktcSigGroup + +} + +    GROUP pktcNcsGroup + +    DESCRIPTION + +        "This group is mandatory for any MTA implementing NCS signalling" + +        ::={ pktcSigCompliances 1 } + +-- units of conformance + +pktcSigGroup OBJECT-GROUP + +    OBJECTS { + +        pktcSigDevCodecType, + +        pktcSigDevCodecMax, + +        pktcSigDevEchoCancellation, + +        pktcSigDevSilenceSuppression, + +        pktcSigDevConnectionMode, + +        pktcSigDevR0Cadence, + +        pktcSigDevR6Cadence, + +        pktcSigDevR7Cadence, + +        pktcSigDefCallSigTos, + +        pktcSigDefMediaStreamTos, + +        pktcSigTosFormatSelector, + +        pktcSignallingType, + +        pktcSignallingVersion, + +``` + + pktcSignallingVendorExtension, + pktcSigEndPntCapabilityIndex, + pktcSigDefNcsReceiveUdpPort, + pktcSigDevR1Cadence, + pktcSigDevR2Cadence, + pktcSigDevR3Cadence, + pktcSigDevR4Cadence, + pktcSigDevR5Cadence, + pktcSigDevRgCadence, + pktcSigDevRsCadence, + pktcSigDevRtCadence + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Group of objects for the common portion of the + PacketCable Signalling MIB." + ::= { pktcSigGroups 1 } + +pktcNcsGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentId, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentUdpPort, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigPartialDialTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCriticalDialTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigBusyToneTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigDialToneTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMessageWaitingTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigOffHookWarnToneTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRingingTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRingBackTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigReorderToneTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigStutterDialToneTO, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTSMax, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1QEnable, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2QEnable, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigMWD, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdinit, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmin, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmax, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoMax, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoInit, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigLongDurationKeepAlive, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigThist, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigStatus, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingMaxRep, + pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingDelay, + pktcNcsEndPntStatusCallIpAddress, + pktcNcsEndPntStatusError + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Group of objects for the NCS portion of the + PacketCable Signalling MIB. This is mandatory for + NCS signalling." + ::= { pktcSigGroups 2 } + +pktcSigObsoleteGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcSigServiceClassNameUS, + pktcSigServiceClassNameDS, + pktcSigServiceClassNameMask, + pktcSigNcsServiceFlowState + } + +``` + +``` + + } + STATUS obsolete + DESCRIPTION + " Collection of obsolete objects for PacketCable + Signalling MIB." + ::= { pktcSigGroups 3 } +END + +``` + +# Annex D + +## Management Event MIB + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The Management Event MIB MUST be implemented as defined below. + +``` +PKTC-EVENT-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN + +IMPORTS + MODULE-IDENTITY, + OBJECT-TYPE, + Unsigned32, + NOTIFICATION-TYPE, + BITS FROM SNMPv2-SMI + DateAndTime FROM SNMPv2-TC + clabProjPacketCable FROM CLAB-DEF-MIB + SnmpAdminString FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB + OBJECT-GROUP, + MODULE-COMPLIANCE, + NOTIFICATION-GROUP FROM SNMPv2-CONF + ifPhysAddress FROM IF-MIB + InetAddressType, + InetAddress, + InetPortNumber FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB ; + +pktcEventMib MODULE-IDENTITY + LAST-UPDATED "200501280000Z -- 01/28/2005" + ORGANIZATION "Cable Television Laboratories, Inc" + CONTACT-INFO + "Sumanth Channabasappa + Postal: Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. + 858 Coal Creek Circle + Louisville, Colorado 80027 + U.S.A. + + Phone: +1 303-661-9100 + Fax: +1 303-661-9199 + E-mail: mibs@cablelabs.com" + + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB module supplies the basic management objects + for event reporting + + Acknowledgements: + Eugene Nechamkin - Broadcom Corp + John Berg - CableLabs, Inc. + Kevin Marez - Motorola, Inc. + Satish Kumar - Texas Instruments + Venkatesh Sunkad - CableLabs, Inc." + + ::= { clabProjPacketCable 3 } + +-- +-- +pktcDevEventControl OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventMib 1 } +pktcDevEventThrottle OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventMib 2 } +pktcDevEventStatus OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventMib 3 } +pktcDevEventDescr OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventMib 4 } +pktcDevEventLog OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventMib 5 } +pktcDevEvNotification OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventMib 6 } +-- +``` + +--- + +--- Event Reporting control objects + +--- + +pktcDevEvControl OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX BITS { +    resetEventLogTable(0), +    resetEventDescrTable(1) +} MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB object defines the actions related to the event log configuration. + +The MTA MUST take the appropriate action whenever a bit is set to a value of '1'. + +Setting the resetEventLogTable(0) bit to a value of '1' clears the entire event log (Deletes all entries in pktcDevEventLogTable). + +Setting resetEventDescrTable(1) to a value of '1' resets the pktcDevEventDescrTable to the factory default values. + +Setting a control bit to a value of '0' MUST not result in any action. + +Reading this MIB object MUST always return '00'." + +::= { pktcDevEventControl 1 } + +pktcDevEvSyslogAddrType OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX InetAddressType + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object defines the address type of the Syslog server. + +PacketCable devices implementing this MIB MUST support an InetAddressType of ipv4(1). + +PacketCable devices MAY optionally implement other address types. + +If an unsupported InetAddressType is used to set this object, the PacketCable device MUST reject it and report an SNMP error stating 'wrong value'. + +If an SNMP SET results in a type that does not match the value contained in the MIB Object pktcDevEvSyslogAddress, the PacketCable device MUST reject the SNMP SET with an 'inconsistent value' error." + +::= { pktcDevEventControl 2 } + +pktcDevEvSyslogAddress OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX InetAddress + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains the IP address of the Syslog server. If this is set to either 0.0.0.0 or 255.255.255.255 the device MUST inhibit syslog transmission. + +The use of FQDNs is syntactically allowed, but discouraged since a failure to resolve them in a + +timely manner may leave the device without access to the Syslog daemon during critical network events. The type of address this object represents is defined by the MIB Object pktDevEvSyslogAddrType. + +If an SNMP SET results in a type that does not match that indicated by the MIB Object pktDevEvSyslogAddrType, the PacketCable device MUST reject the SNMP SET with an 'inconsistent value' error." + +::= { pktDevEventControl 3 } + +pktDevEvSyslogUdpPort OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX InetPortNumber + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains the UDP Port Number of the Syslog Server. The PacketCable device must send the Syslog messages to this port on the Syslog Server." + +DEFVAL { 514 } + +::= { pktDevEventControl 4 } + +-- + +-- Event throttling control + +-- + +pktDevEvThrottleAdminStatus OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX INTEGER { + +unconstrained(1), + +maintainBelowThreshold(2), + +stopAtThreshold(3), + +inhibited(4) + +} + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object controls the throttling of the transmitted messages upon generation of an event (SNMP/Syslog). + +A value of unconstrained(1) causes event messages to be transmitted without regard to the threshold settings. + +A value of maintainBelowThreshold(2) causes event messages to be suppressed if the number of transmissions would otherwise exceed the threshold. + +A value of stopAtThreshold(3) causes event message transmission to cease at the threshold, and not resume until directed to do so. + +A value of inhibited(4) causes all event message Transmission to be suppressed. + +An event causing both an SNMP and a Syslog message is still treated as a single event. + +Writing to this object resets the thresholding state. + +Refer to MIB Objects pktDevEvThrottleThreshold and pktDevEvThrottleInterval for information on throttling." + +``` +DEFVAL { unconstrained } +::= { pktcDevEventThrottle 1 } +``` + +``` +pktcDevEvThrottleThreshold OBJECT-TYPE +``` + +``` +SYNTAX Unsigned32 +``` + +``` +MAX-ACCESS read-write +``` + +``` +STATUS current +``` + +``` +DESCRIPTION +``` + +"This MIB Object contains the number of events per +pktcDevEvThrottleInterval to be transmitted before +throttling. + +An event causing both a SNMP and a syslog message is +still treated as a single event." + +``` +DEFVAL { 2 } +``` + +``` +::= { pktcDevEventThrottle 2 } +``` + +``` +pktcDevEvThrottleInterval OBJECT-TYPE +``` + +``` +SYNTAX Unsigned32 +``` + +``` +UNITS "seconds" +``` + +``` +MAX-ACCESS read-write +``` + +``` +STATUS current +``` + +``` +DESCRIPTION +``` + +"This MIB Object contains the interval over which +the throttle threshold applies." DEFVAL { 1 } + +``` +::= { pktcDevEventThrottle 3 } +``` + +``` +--- +``` + +``` +-- Status Reporting +``` + +``` +--- +``` + +``` +pktcDevEvTransmissionStatus OBJECT-TYPE +``` + +``` +SYNTAX BITS { +``` + +``` +syslogThrottled(0), +``` + +``` +snmpThrottled(1), +``` + +``` +validSyslogServerAbsent(2), +``` + +``` +validSnmpManagerAbsent(3), +``` + +``` +syslogTransmitError(4), +``` + +``` +snmpTransmitError(5) +``` + +``` +} +``` + +``` +MAX-ACCESS read-only +``` + +``` +STATUS current +``` + +``` +DESCRIPTION +``` + +"This MIB Object reflects the status of the event +transmission. + +If a bit corresponding to a state is set to a value +of: + +'1', it indicates that the state is true + +'0', it indicates that the state is false + +'Event throttling' is based on thresholds and the current +setting of pktcDevEvThrottleAdminStatus. + +'Server/Manager' indicators must be based on the +availability of valid Syslog server/SNMP managers. + +'Transmit Errors' must only be used in cases where the +PacketCable Device can identify unavailable servers." + +::= { pktcDevEventStatus 1 } + +--- + +-- Event Descriptions + +--- + +pktcDevEventDescrTable OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcDevEventDescrEntry + +MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB table contains all the possible events +that can be generated by the device. This includes +both PacketCable defined and vendor-specific events." + +::= { pktcDevEventDescr 1 } + +pktcDevEventDescrEntry OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX PktcDevEventDescrEntry + +MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"An entry in this table is created for each +event the PacketCable Device implementing this +MIB is capable of reporting." + +INDEX { pktcDevEventDescrId, pktcDevEventDescrEnterprise } + +::= { pktcDevEventDescrTable 1 } + +PktcDevEventDescrEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + +pktcDevEventDescrId Unsigned32, + +pktcDevEventDescrEnterprise Unsigned32, + +pktcDevEventDescrFacility INTEGER, + +pktcDevEventDescrLevel INTEGER, + +pktcDevEventDescrReporting BITS, + +pktcDevEventDescrText SnmpAdminString + +} + +pktcDevEventDescrId OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Unsigned32 + +MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains the event identifier for the +specific event to which the priority and display +strings belong. + +The event identifier can either be PacketCable defined +or vendor-specific." + +::= { pktcDevEventDescrEntry 1 } + +pktcDevEventDescrEnterprise OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Unsigned32 + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object provides the IANA enterprise number of +the Organization defining the event. Thus, all PacketCable +defined events will contain the CableLabs IANA enterprise +number and for vendor-specific events it will contain +the IANA enterprise number of the defining organization." + +::= { pktcDevEventDescrEntry 2 } + +### pktcDevEventDescrFacility OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX INTEGER { +    kernel(0), +    user(1), +    mail(2), +    daemon(3), +    auth(4), +    syslog(5), +    lpr(6), +    news(7), +    uucp(8), +    cron(9), +    authPriv(10), +    ftp(11), +    ntp(12), +    security(13), +    console(14), +    clockDaemon(15), +    local0(16), +    local1(17), +    local2(18), +    local3(19), +    local4(20), +    local5(21), +    local6(22), +    local7(23) +} +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION +    "This MIB Object contains the facility +    for the event. +    For PacketCable events this MUST be set to +    local0(16)." +::= { pktcDevEventDescrEntry 3 } + +### pktcDevEventDescrLevel OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX INTEGER { +    emergency(0), +    alert(1), +    critical(2), +    error(3), +    warning(4), +    notice(5), +    info(6), +    debug(7) +} +MAX-ACCESS read-write +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION +    "This MIB Object contains the priority level that +    is controlled by this entry. +    The levels are described as: + +    emergency(0) - A condition that makes the system unusable. +    alert(1) - A service-affecting condition for which +              immediate action must be taken. +    critical(2) - A service-affecting critical condition. +    error(3) - An error condition. +    warning(4) - A warning condition. +    notice(5) - A normal but significant condition. +    info(6) - An informational message. +    debug(7) - A debug message." + +``` + + ::= { pktcDevEventDescrEntry 4 } + +pktcDevEventDescrReporting OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX BITS { + local(0), + syslog(1), + snmpTrap(2), + snmpInform(3) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB Object defines the action to be taken on + occurrence of this event class. + + Setting a bit to a value of '1' indicates that the + corresponding action will be taken upon occurrence of + this event, provided the required parameters are present. + (e.g.,: Syslog Server for Syslog messages, SNMP targets for + SNMP traps and SNMP INFORMS etc). If none of the bits + is set, then no action is taken upon occurrence of the + event. + + The default value of this MIB Object is dependent on the + value of the MIB Object 'pktcDevEventDescrLevel', for the + corresponding event. + + For the following values of 'pktcDevEventDescrLevel': + emergency(0), alert(1), critical(2) and error(3), + the PacketCable device MUST set the bits for local(0), + syslog(1) and snmpInform(3) to a value of '1' and the rest + to a value of '0'. + + For all the remaining values of 'pktcDevEventDescrLevel', + the PacketCable device MUST set the bits for local(0) and + syslog(1) to a value of '1' and the rest to a value of + '0'." + + ::= { pktcDevEventDescrEntry 5 } + +pktcDevEventDescrText OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString(SIZE (0..127)) + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB Object contains event display + string providing a human-readable description of the + event." + + ::= { pktcDevEventDescrEntry 6 } + +--- +-- Events generated +--- + +pktcDevEventLogTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcDevEventLogEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB table contains a log of the events + generated by the PacketCable device. + A description of all the events that can be + generated by the device can be obtained from the + MIB table 'pktcDevEventDescrTable'." + + ::= { pktcDevEventLog 1 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcDevEventLogEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcDevEventLogEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Each entry in this table describes an event that + has occurred, indexed in the chronological order of + generation. The details of the event are borrowed + from the parameters associated with the corresponding + event entry in 'pktcDevEventDescrTable', at the + time of the event generation. + While all entries created as such can be cleared using + the MIB Object pktcDevEvControl, the Event entries + themselves cannot be individually deleted." + + INDEX { pktcDevEvLogIndex } + ::= { pktcDevEventLogTable 1 } + +PktcDevEventLogEntry ::= SEQUENCE { + pktcDevEvLogIndex Unsigned32, + pktcDevEvLogTime DateAndTime, + pktcDevEvLogEnterprise Unsigned32, + pktcDevEvLogId Unsigned32, + pktcDevEvLogText SnmpAdminString, + pktcDevEvLogEndpointName SnmpAdminString, + pktcDevEvLogType BITS, + pktcDevEvLogTargetInfo SnmpAdminString, + pktcDevEvLogCorrelationId Unsigned32, + pktcDevEvLogAdditionalInfo SnmpAdminString +} + +pktcDevEvLogIndex OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Unsigned32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB Object provides relative ordering of the + objects in the event log. + This object will always increase except when + (a) the log is reset via pktcDevEvControl, + (b) the device reboots and does not implement non-volatile + storage for this log, + (c) it reaches the value 2^31. + The next entry for all the above cases is 0. + This also serves as an indicator of event sequence." + ::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 1 } + +pktcDevEvLogTime OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DateAndTime + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB Object provides a human-readable description + of the time at which the event occurred." + ::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 2 } + +pktcDevEvLogEnterprise OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Unsigned32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + +``` + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object provides the IANA enterprise number of the Organization defining the event. Thus, all PacketCable defined events will contain the CableLabs IANA enterprise number and for vendor-specific events it will contain the IANA enterprise number of the defining organization." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 3 } + +### pktcDevEvLogId OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Unsigned32 + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains the event identifier for the specific event to which the priority and display strings belong. + +The event identifier can either be PacketCable defined or vendor-specific." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 4 } + +### pktcDevEvLogText OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains the contents of pktcDevEventDescrText, corresponding to the event, at the moment of generation." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 5 } + +### pktcDevEvLogEndpointName OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object provides the endpoint identifier followed by the PacketCable MTA's Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) and the IP Address (IP) of the PacketCable MTA device. + +This will be denoted as follows: + +aaln/n:/, where 'n' is the Endpoint number. + +or + +/ if it is not specific to an endpoint." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 6 } + +### pktcDevEvLogType OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX BITS { + +local(0), + +syslog (1), + +trap (2), + +inform (3) + +} + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains the kind of actions taken by the PacketCable device when the event under consideration occurred. + +A bit with a value of 1 indicates the corresponding action was taken. Setting it to a value of 0 indicates that the corresponding action was not taken. + +An event may trigger one or more actions (e.g.: Syslog and SNMP) or may remain as a local event since transmissions could be disabled or inhibited as defined by the Throttle MIB Objects." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 7 } + +pktcDevEvLogTargetInfo OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains a comma separated list of the actions taken, along with the target IP address for the generated event. + +The syntax is as: + +, , + +Where is to be denoted as follows: + +For Syslog events: + +syslog/ + +For SNMP traps: + +snmpTrap/ + +For SNMP INFORMS: + +snmpInform/ + +If there are multiple targets for the same type (SNMP Traps sent to multiple IP addresses) or if there are multiple messages sent to the same IP (Syslog and SNMP sent to the same IP address) they need to be reported individually." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 8 } + +pktcDevEvLogCorrelationId OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Unsigned32 + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +" This MIB Object contains the correlation ID generated by the MTA as per section 5.4.5 of [7] that was being used by the MTA when the event was generated." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 9 } + +pktcDevEvLogAdditionalInfo OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + +MAX-ACCESS read-only + +STATUS current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object contains additional, useful information in relation to the corresponding event that a PacketCable device might wish to report (for example: parameterized data or debugging information). The format is vendor-specific. + +However, the PacketCable device is not required to implement this functionality." + +::= { pktcDevEventLogEntry 10 } + +``` + +--- +-- Notifications +--- + +pktcDevEvNotificationIndex OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= + { pktcDevEvNotification 0 } + +pktcDevEvInform NOTIFICATION-TYPE + OBJECTS {pktcDevEvLogIndex, pktcDevEvLogTime, + pktcDevEvLogEnterprise,pktcDevEvLogId, + pktcDevEvLogEndpointName,pktcDevEvLogCorrelationId,ifPhysAddress} + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This Notification MIB Objects contains the Inform + contents for event reporting " + ::= { pktcDevEvNotificationIndex 1 } + +pktcDevEvTrap NOTIFICATION-TYPE + OBJECTS {pktcDevEvLogIndex, pktcDevEvLogTime, + pktcDevEvLogEnterprise,pktcDevEvLogId, + pktcDevEvLogEndpointName,pktcDevEvLogCorrelationId,ifPhysAddress} + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This Notification MIB Objects contains the Trap contents + for event reporting " + ::= { pktcDevEvNotificationIndex 2 } + +--- +-- Conformance/Compliance +--- + +pktcEventConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventMib 7 } +pktcEventCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventConformance 1 } +pktcEventGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEventConformance 2 } + +pktcEventBasicCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The compliance statement for devices that implement + Event reporting feature." + MODULE --pktcEventMib + +MANDATORY-GROUPS { + pktcEventGroup, + pktcEventNotificationGroup +} + +-- units of conformance +::= { pktcEventCompliances 3 } + +pktcEventGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcDevEvControl, + pktcDevEvSyslogAddressType, + pktcDevEvSyslogAddress, + pktcDevEvSyslogUdpPort, + pktcDevEvThrottleAdminStatus, + pktcDevEvThrottleThreshold, + pktcDevEvThrottleInterval, + pktcDevEvTransmissionStatus, + pktcDevEventDescrEnterprise, + pktcDevEventDescrFacility, + pktcDevEventDescrLevel, + } + +``` + +``` + + pktcDevEventDescrReporting, + pktcDevEventDescrText, + pktcDevEvLogIndex, + pktcDevEvLogTime, + pktcDevEvLogEnterprise, + pktcDevEvLogId, + pktcDevEvLogText, + pktcDevEvLogEndpointName, + pktcDevEvLogType, + pktcDevEvLogTargetInfo, + pktcDevEvLogCorrelationId, + pktcDevEvLogAdditionalInfo + } + +``` + +``` +STATUS current +``` + +``` +DESCRIPTION +``` + +``` + "Group of MIB objects for PacketCable Management Event + MIB." +``` + +``` +::= { pktcEventGroups 1 } +``` + +``` +pktcEventNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP +``` + +``` +NOTIFICATIONS { pktcDevEvInform, pktcDevEvTrap } +``` + +``` +STATUS current +``` + +``` +DESCRIPTION +``` + +``` + "Group of MIB objects for notifications related to + change in status of the MTA Device." +``` + +``` +::= { pktcEventGroups 2 } +``` + +``` +END +``` + +## Annex E + +## Extension MTA MIB + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The Extension MTA MIB MUST be implemented as defined below. + +PKTC-EN-MTA-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN + +IMPORTS + +| | | +|---------------------------------|--------------------| +| MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE | FROM SNMPv2-SMI | +| OBJECT-GROUP, MODULE-COMPLIANCE | FROM SNMPv2-CONF | +| pktcEnhancements | FROM CLAB-DEF-MIB; | + +pktcEnMtaMib MODULE-IDENTITY + +| | | +|--------------|--------------------------------------| +| LAST-UPDATED | "200501280000Z - January 28, 2005" | +| ORGANIZATION | "Cable Television Laboratories, Inc" | + +CONTACT-INFO + +"Sumanth Channabasappa +Postal: Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. +858 Coal Creek Circle +Louisville, Colorado 80027-9750 +U.S.A. +Phone: +1 303-661-9100 +Fax: +1 303-661-9199 +E-mail: mibs@cablelabs.com" + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB module enhances the basic management objects defined for the PacketCable MTA Device by the MIB group pktcMtaMib. + +Acknowledgements: + +| | | | +|--------------------|---|----------------------| +| Rodney Osborne | - | Arris Interactive | +| Eugene Nechamkin | - | BroadCom Corporation | +| Satish Kumar | - | Texas Instruments | +| Jean-Francois Mule | - | CableLabs | +| Venkatesh Sunkad | - | CableLabs | + +Copyright 1999-2005 Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. +All rights reserved." + +REVISION "200501280000Z" + +DESCRIPTION + +"This revision is being published as part of the PacketCable MTA MIBs enhancements for PacketCable 1.5." + +::= { pktcEnhancements 1 } + +-- + +-- PacketCable Enhanced MTA MIB Objects + +-- + +| | | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------| +| pktcEnMtaMibObjects | OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaMib 1 } | +| pktcEnMtaDevBase | OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaMibObjects 1 } | +| pktcEnMtaDevServer | OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaMibObjects 2 } | +| pktcEnMtaDevSecurity | OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaMibObjects 3 } | + +``` + +-- +-- Enhanced notification group. +-- + +pktcEnMtaNotificationPrefix OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaMib 2 } +pktcEnMtaNotification OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaNotificationPrefix +0 } +pktcEnMtaConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaMib 3 } +pktcEnMtaCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaConformance 1 } +pktcEnMtaGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { pktcEnMtaConformance 2 } + +-- +-- Enhancement MIB Objects +-- + +pktcEnMtaDevMltplGrantsPerInterval OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + enablempifunctionality(1), + disablempifunctionality(2) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + " This object is used to control the Multiple grants functionality + on a PacketCable MTA. + To indicate enabling of this functionality, a value of + enablempifunctionality(1) is used. + To indicate disabling of this functionality, a value of + disablempifunctionality(2) is used." + DEFVAL {disablempifunctionality} + ::= { pktcEnMtaDevBase 1 } + +-- +-- Compliance statements +-- + +pktcEnMtaBasicCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The compliance statement for devices that implement + MTA feature." + MODULE --PKTC-EN-MTA-MIB + +-- +-- Mandatory groups +-- + +MANDATORY-GROUPS { + pktcEnMtaGroup +} +::= { pktcEnMtaCompliances 3 } + +pktcEnMtaGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcEnMtaDevMltplGrantsPerInterval + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Group of Enhanced objects for the PacketCable MTA MIB." + ::= { pktcEnMtaGroups 1 } + +END + +``` + +# Annex F + +### Signalling Extension MIB + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The Extension Signalling MIB MUST be implemented as defined below. + +PKTC-EN-SIG-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN + +IMPORTS + +MODULE-IDENTITY, +OBJECT-TYPE, +Unsigned32, BITS FROM SNMPv2-SMI +ifIndex FROM IF-MIB +SnmpAdminString +FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB +TruthValue +FROM SNMPv2-TC +OBJECT-GROUP, +MODULE-COMPLIANCE +FROM SNMPv2-CONF +pktcEnhancements +FROM CLAB-DEF-MIB +pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry +FROM PKTC-SIG-MIB; + +pktcEnSigMib MODULE-IDENTITY +LAST-UPDATED "200528010000Z" -- January 28, 2005 +ORGANIZATION "Cable Television Laboratories, Inc " +CONTACT-INFO +"Sumanth Channabasappa +Postal: Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. +858 Coal Creek Circle +Louisville, Colorado 80027-9750 +U.S.A. +Phone: +1 303-661-9100 +Fax: +1 303-661-9199 +E-mail: mibs@cablelabs.com" + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB module enhances the basic management +objects defined for PacketCable Signalling +protocols by the MIB group pktcSigMib. + +Acknowledgements: + +Rodney Osborne - Arris Interactive +Eugene Nechamkin - Broadcom Corporation +Satish Kumar - Texas Instruments +Jean-Francois Mule - CableLabs + +Copyright 1999-2004 Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. +All rights reserved." + +REVISION "2005028010000Z" + +DESCRIPTION + +"This revision is being published as part of the PacketCable +Signalling MIBs enhancements for PacketCable 1.5." +::= { pktcEnhancements 2 } + +``` + +-- +-- Enhanced MIB Objects and Divisions. +-- +pktcEnSigMibObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigMib 1 } +pktcEnSigDevConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigMibObjects 1 } +pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigMibObjects 2 } +pktcEnSigEndPntConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigMibObjects 3 } +pktcEnDcsEndPntConfigObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigMibObjects 4 } + +-- +-- Enhanced Notification groups. +-- +pktcEnSigNotificationPrefix OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigMib 2 } +pktcEnSigNotification OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigNotificationPrefix 0 } +pktcEnSigConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigMib 3 } +pktcEnSigCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigConformance 1 } +pktcEnSigGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER + ::= { pktcEnSigConformance 2 } + +pktcEnNcsMinimumDtmfPlayout OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0 | 40..100) + UNITS "milliseconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS deprecated + DESCRIPTION + "This object defines the minimum playout time for + the DTMF digit when IETF RFC 2833 DTMF Relay is used + for the egress gateway. + If the value set via this pktcEnNcsMinimumDtmfPlayout + object is different from that specified in IETF RFC 2833 packet, + then the MTA MUST use the maximum of the two values. + For example: + If the IETF RFC 2833 packet specifies 23 ms and if the object + pktcEnNcsMinimumDtmfPlayout is set to 40 ms, then + the egress gateway must use a value of 40 ms. + Similarly if the IETF RFC 2833 packet specifies + 60 ms and if the object pktcEnNcsMinimumDtmfPlayout + is set to 40 ms, then the egress gateway must use a + value of 60 ms." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable(tm) Codec Specification" + DEFVAL {0} + ::= { pktcEnSigDevConfigObjects 1 } + +-- +-- The following table enhances the NCS End Point Config Table + +``` + +``` + +-- (pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable) defined in pktSigMib. +-- +-- +pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This table augments pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable." + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigObjects 1 } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "An enhancement to pktcNcEndPntConfigTable - where each + entry describes endpoint characteristics." + AUGMENTS { pktcNcsEndPntConfigEntry } + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigTable 1 } + +PktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry ::= + SEQUENCE { + pktcEnNcsEndPntQuarantineState INTEGER, + pktcEnNcsEndPntHookState INTEGER, + pktcEnNcsEndPntFaxDetection TruthValue, + pktcEnNcsEndPntStatusReportCtrl INTEGER + } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntQuarantineState OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + normal (1), + notification (2), + lockstep (3), + extendedlockstep (4) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object reflects the state of the Endpoint. + When the endpoint is in notification, lockstep or + values 'extended lockstep' states, the E-MTA MUST report + the value of notification(2), lockstep(3) or extendedlockstep(4), + respectively. Else, the endpoint MUST report a value + of normal(1). + 'Extended Lockstep' is defined as the state when the + E-MTA is in the lockstep state for longer than 2 minutes. + For more description about the states, refer + to the PacketCable Network Based Call signalling + specification." + REFERENCE + "PacketCable(tm) Network-Based Call Signalling Protocol + Specification," + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry 1 } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntHookState OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + onHook (1), + onHookPlusNCSActivity (2), + offHook (3) + } + +``` + +``` + + } +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "This object reflects the 'hook state' and 'NCS Activity' + of an endpoint. + 'NCS Activity', by definition includes: an active + timeout signal, active brief signal or existence of + an NCS connection. + The onHook(1) state indicates that the endpoint is + 'on hook' and the absence of 'NCS Activity' on that + endpoint. + The onHookPlusNCSActivity(2) indicates that the endpoint + is 'on hook' and the presence of 'NCS Activity' on that + endpoint. + The offHook(3) state indicates that the endpoint is + 'off hook'." + +REFERENCE + "PacketCable(tm) Network-Based Call Signalling Protocol +Specification" + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry 2 } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntFaxDetection OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB object is used to configure + the distinctive fax calling tone (CNG) detection feature + on an MTA endpoint with reference to the analog interface. + When set to true, the MTA MUST enable the detection + of CNG tones on the specific endpoint. + When set to false, the MTA MUST disable the detection + of CNG tones on the specific endpoint. + If a connection already exists on the endpoint when this + MIB Object is modified, then the setting needs to take + effect on the next connection." + + DEFVAL {false} + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry 3 } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntStatusReportCtrl OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + unsupported (1), + reportActualStatus (2), + reportEndPointAsActive (3) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB object is used to control + the Endpoint Status Reporting, if the feature is + supported by the MTA and is configurable. + The term 'Endpoint Status Reporting' refers to any + information that the MTA may provide to External + Systems for use in a particular reporting mechanism + (Ex: Home Alarm Systems). The definition of the External + Systems and reporting mechanism are beyond the scope + of this definition (In the example of Home Alarm Systems, + this MIB Object will allow Management Stations to + temporarily disable outage reporting on an EndPoint + during planned downtime). + +``` + +``` + +If supported, the MTA MUST: +- reflect the actual Endpoint status when the value + is set to 'reportActualStatus(2)' +- reflect the EndPoint status as being active when the + value is set to 'reportEndPointAsActive(3)', + irrespective of the actual status. +If unsupported, the MTA MUST set this value to +'unsupported(1)' and reject any attempt to set +this MIB object using SNMP SET to any other value." +::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigEntry 4} + +pktcEnEndPntInfoTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This table includes any additional information + associated with PacketCable EndPoints. + The number of entries in this table represents the + number of available PacketCable EndPoints." + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigObjects 2 } + +pktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "An entry in this table MUST be created for each + PacketCable EndPoint. + The index needs to be the corresponding index in the ifTable + for the associated PacketCable EndPoint." + INDEX { ifIndex } + ::= { pktcEnEndPntInfoTable 1 } + +PktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry ::= + SEQUENCE { + pktcEnEndPntFgnPotSupport BITS, + pktcEnEndPntFgnPotDescr SnmpAdminString, + pktcEnEndPntClrFgnPotTsts BITS, + pktcEnEndPntRunFgnPotTsts BITS, + pktcEnEndPntFgnTestValidity BITS, + pktcEnEndPntFgnTestResults BITS + } + +pktcEnEndPntFgnPotSupport OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX BITS { + fgnPotDetection (0), + hazardousFgnPotDetection (1) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB object indicates the capabilities of the MTA to + detect various conditions related to the presence of + foreign potential on an endpoint. + The MTA MUST set a value of '1' for each bit corresponding + to a supported functionality and a value of '0' for each + bit corresponding to an unsupported functionality." + ::= { pktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry 1 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcEnEndPntFgnPotDescr OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SnmpAdminString + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB object provides information related to the + various tests for each detection mechanism supported by + the MTA. While the actual contents are vendor-specific, + the recommended format is: + [::::]... + Example: + ::::; + :::: + " + ::= { pktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry 2 } + +pktcEnEndPntClrFgnPotTsts OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX BITS { + clrFgnPotentialResults (0), + clrHazardousPotResults (1) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB object is used to clear the current test + results of supported conditions indicated by + 'pktcEnEndPntFgnPotSupport'. + Setting a bit to a value of '1' clears the corresponding + results in the MIB Object 'pktcEnEndPntFgnTestResults' and + the validity as indicated by the MIB object + 'pktcEnEndPntFgnTestValidity' for the supported + conditions only (i.e, the MTA MUST set the corresponding + bits to a value of '0' in the indicated tables). + If an SNMP SET attempts to set a bit corresponding to an + unsupported condition to a value of '1', then the MTA MUST + reject the entire SNMP SET and report an 'inconsistent + value' error. + For all unsupported scenarios, the corresponding bits MUST + be set to a value of '0'. + Whenever one or more tests are enabled by the MIB Object + 'pktcEnEndPntRunFgnPotTests', the MTA MUST also reset the + corresponding bits in this MIB Object to a value of '0'." + ::= { pktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry 3 } + +pktcEnEndPntRunFgnPotTsts OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX BITS { + runFgnPotentialTsts (0), + runHazardousPotTsts (1) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB object is used to initiate one or more test cases + associated with a supported foreign potential detection. + Thus, whenever one or more BITS corresponding to supported + foreign scenario potential detection mechanisms are set to + a value of '1', the MTA MUST enable those tests. + Once the tests are executed, the MTA MUST: + - set the corresponding bit to a value of '0' + - update the corresponding BITS in the MIB Objects + 'pktcEnEndPntFgnTestValidity' and + " + +``` + +'pktcEnEndPntFgnTestResults'. + +If an SNMP SET attempts to set a bit corresponding to an unsupported condition to a value of '1', then the MTA MUST reject the entire SNMP SET and report an 'inconsistent value' error. + +Whenever a test is being run on an EndPoint the MTA MUST set the corresponding 'ifOperStatus' MIB Object to a value of 'testing(3)' for the whole duration of the test. + +When the test is completed, the MTA MUST set the ifOperStatus to the value corresponding to the current state of the line. + +Note: Whenever multiple tests are run, the ordering of the tests or the results is vendor-dependent and need not necessarily follow the ordering of BITS in this MIB Object." + +::= { pktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry 4} + +pktcEnEndPntFgnTestValidity OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX BITS { + +    fgnPotTstValidity (0), +    hazardousPotTstValidity (1) + +} + +MAX-ACCESS       read-only + +STATUS           current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB object is used to indicate the validity of the corresponding test cases that were initiated using the MIB Object 'pktcEnEndPntRunFgnPotTests'. + +An MTA MUST: + +- return a value of '1' if the tests were run successfully and the results are valid. +- return a value of '0' if a particular test was not initiated or if the tests could not be run successfully and hence the results are invalid. + +Note: The MTA MUST set all the BITS to '0' as soon as one or more test cases are initiated." + +::= { pktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry 5} + +pktcEnEndPntFgnTestResults OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX BITS { + +    fgnPotentialResults (0), +    hazardousPotResults (1) + +} + +MAX-ACCESS       read-only + +STATUS           current + +DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB object is used to indicate the results of the corresponding test cases that were initiated using the MIB Object 'pktcEnEndPntRunFgnPotTests'. + +An MTA MUST: + +- set the corresponding bit to a value of '1' if the tests indicated the presence of a foreign potential as per the associated test case. +- set the corresponding bit to a value of '0' if the tests indicated the absence of a foreign potential as per the associated test case. + +Note: The MTA MUST set all the BITS to '0' as soon as one or more test cases are initiated." + +::= { pktcEnEndPntInfoTableEntry 6} + +``` + +pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF PktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTableEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB table contains the MIB Objects used for + managing loop voltage on an MTA. An MTA MUST + implement the defined MIB Objects and the associated + functionality." + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntConfigObjects 3 } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTableEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX PktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTableEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Each entry in this MIB table consists of the + loop voltage management policy for the specified + index. The MTA MUST use the ifIndex with a value of '1' + to represent the E-MTA and the remaining indices + (if used) to represent the endpoints (as specified + in [1]). + + When the ifIndex is set to a value of '1', it represents + a policy that MUST be applied to all the lines on an MTA. + + A MTA MUST support access to this MIB Object via the + ifIndex set to a value of '1' (i.e., per-device policy). " + REFERENCE "PacketCable Device Provisioning specification [1]" + INDEX { ifIndex } + ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTable 1 } + +PktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTableEntry ::= + SEQUENCE { + pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtPolicy INTEGER, + pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtResetTimer Unsigned32, + pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtMaintTimer Unsigned32 + } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtPolicy OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + voltage_at_all_times(1), + voltage_unless_RF_QAM_absent(2), + voltage_based_on_service_or_timers(3), + voltage_based_on_service(4) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + + "This MIB Object allows the Service Provider to choose + a suitable policy for Loop Voltage behaviour on MTAs. + + Unless overridden by the operator, the MTA MUST use the + default value specified in the definition of this MIB + Object. + + The MTA MUST adhere to PacketCable signalling + requirements, such as the NCS open loop voltage requirement, + irrespective of any chosen policy. + +``` + +For MTAs that need to remove loop voltage during the MTA initialization phase, in contradiction to a chosen policy, such a loop voltage removal period MUST NOT exceed 1000 ms. + +The MTA MUST retain the value of this MIB Object across hard reboots or soft resets (for a definition of the terms, please refer to ITU-T Rec. J.160). + +This MIB object specifies four policies. An informative illustration of the E-MTA behaviour with different policies is presented in Appendix A. + +Provisioned line is an MTA Endpoint that has been provided with valid per-line configuration data either via the configuration file (during provisioning) or the SNMP management interface. + +When the MIB Object is set to a value of `voltage_at_all_times(1)`, - indicating Policy 1 - the MTA MUST maintain the loop idle voltage on all lines, irrespective of the line status. + +When this MIB Object is set to a value of `voltage_unless_RF_QAM_absent(2)`- indicating Policy 2 - the MTA MUST apply loop idle voltage at all times except when it confirms the absence of any RF QAM carrier, following a complete scan of the spectrum (i.e., loop voltage is maintained during the scan). When the MTA detects the presence of any RF QAM carrier, it MUST apply the loop idle voltage. Additionally, the following conditions apply: + +- during a hard reboot, this policy applies at all lines until the MTA is successfully provisioned ( i.e., `pktcMtaDevProvisioningState` has a value other than `'inProgress'` ) +- once the MTA is successfully provisioned ( i.e., `pktcMtaDevProvisioningState` has a value of `'pass(1)'`, `'passWithWarnings(4)'` or `'passWithIncompleteParsing(5)'` ), then the policy applies to all provisioned lines +- upon the onset of a re-initialization due to a soft reset (via SNMP or Rf conditions), the MTA MUST continue to maintain the existing policy and state on previously provisioned lines, unless overridden by a policy or the provisioning process specifies otherwise + +This policy is similar to Policy 1, except for the ability to recognize events like cable cuts (due to malicious activities, or otherwise). + +The following requirements apply to policies 3 and 4: + +- upon the onset of a re-initialization due to a soft reset, the MTA MUST continue to maintain the existing policy and state on provisioned lines, unless overridden by a policy or the provisioning process specifies otherwise +- once the provisioning process is completed with the value of the MIB Object `pktcMtaDevProvisioningState` set to a value of `'pass(1)'`, `'passWithWarnings(4)'` or `'passWithIncompleteParsing(5)'`, the MTA MUST apply the chosen policy to all the provisioned lines + +When this MIB Object is set to a value of voltage\_based\_on\_service\_or\_timers(3) - indicating Policy 3 - the MTA MUST adhere to the requirements that follow at any given point in time: + +- when the timer defined by pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtResetTimer has a non-zero value, the MTA MUST apply loop idle voltage under all circumstances (similar to policy 1). Refer to the definition of the MIB Object for the persistence and timer requirements. +- when the timer defined by pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtMaintTimer has a non-zero value, the MTA MUST maintain a line's loop idle voltage state that was in effect prior to the timer being set to a non-zero value. Refer to the definition of the MIB Object defining the timer for the persistence and timer requirements. +- When the timers defined by pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtMaintTimer and pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtResetTimer have expired (both have a value of zero), then: + - = the MTA MUST apply loop voltage if the provisioning process is completed with the value of pktcMtaDevProvisioningState set to a value of than 'pass(1)', 'passWithWarnings(4)' or 'passWithIncompleteParsing(5)' + - = During a T4 timeout (note: the timers have expired), the E-MTA MUST remove loop idle voltage on all lines +- When both the timers are active (i.e., they both have non-zero values), then the timer defined by the MIB Object pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtMaintTimer takes precedence +- if none of the above cases applies, the MTA MUST remove loop idle voltage on all lines + +When the MIB Object is set to a value of voltage\_based\_on\_service(4) - indicating Policy 4 - the following conditions apply at any given point in time: + +- the MTA MUST apply loop idle voltage to all the provisioned lines if the value of the MIB Object 'pktcMtaDevProvisioningState' is set to a value of 'pass(1)', 'passWithWarnings(4)' or 'passWithIncompleteParsing(5)' + - in all other cases, the MTA MUST remove loop idle voltage on all lines." +- REFERENCE "PacketCable Device Provisioning specification [1]" +- DEFVAL { voltage\_based\_on\_service } +- ::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTableEntry 1 } + +pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtResetTimer OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..1440) + +UNITS "minutes" + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object specifies the time duration allowed for an MTA to successfully provision and is only applicable when the MIB Object pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtPolicy is set to a value of 'voltage\_based\_on\_service\_or\_timers(3)'." In all other cases, the MTA MUST: + +- return a value of '0' upon any retrieval requests +- return an error of 'inconsistentValue' upon any modification requests + +The value contained by this MIB Object is a countdown timer and the MTA MUST start counting down the configured value only upon a hard reboot, a soft reset or a T4 timeout. Once this timer has reached a value of zero, the MTA MUST retain the value (of zero) until successfully configured otherwise. The MTA MUST use a change in the value of this MIB Object only on the next hard reboot, soft reset or T4 timeout. + +The MTA MUST persist the last configured value (i.e., not the countdown value) of this MIB Object across hard reboots and soft resets. + +Refer to the MIB Object pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtPolicy for usage within 'voltage\_based\_on\_service\_or\_timers(3)'." + +DEFVAL { 5 } +::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTableEntry 2 } + +### pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtMaintTimer OBJECT-TYPE + +SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..1440) + +UNITS "minutes" + +MAX-ACCESS read-write + +STATUS current + +#### DESCRIPTION + +"This MIB Object allows the operator to specify the time that loop voltage condition will be maintained, irrespective of the changes to the MTA. It is only applicable when the MIB Object pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtPolicy is set to a value of 'voltage\_based\_on\_service\_or\_timers(3)'." In all other cases, the MTA MUST: + +- return a value of '0' upon any retrieval requests +- return an error of 'inconsistentValue' upon any modification requests + +The value contained in this MIB Object is a countdown timer and the MTA MUST start counting down the value immediately after a successful configuration to a non-zero value. Once this timer has reached a value of zero, the MTA MUST retain the value (of zero) until successfully configured otherwise. + +The MTA MUST retain the value of this MIB Object (i.e., the countdown value) across soft resets. The MTA MUST reset the value of this MIB Object (to its default value) during a hard reboot of the MTA. + +Refer to the MIB Object pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtPolicy for information about applicability and usage." + +DEFVAL { 0 } +::= { pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtTableEntry 3 } + +-- + +``` + +-- Compliance statements +-- +pktcSigBasicCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The compliance statement for devices that implement + PacketCable defined Signalling on an MTA." + + MODULE PKTC-EN-SIG-MIB + +-- +-- Mandatory groups +-- +MANDATORY-GROUPS { + pktcEnSigGroup +} +GROUP pktcEnNcsGroup +DESCRIPTION + "This group is mandatory for any MTA implementing + PacketCable signalling." + ::= { pktcEnSigCompliances 1 } + +-- +-- Conformance group for common Signalling. +-- +pktcEnSigGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcEnNcsMinimumDtmfPlayout + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Enhanced group of objects for the common portion of the + PacketCable Signalling MIB." + ::= { pktcEnSigGroups 1 } + +-- +-- Conformance group for NCS Signalling. +-- +pktcEnNcsGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcEnNcsEndPntQuarantineState, + pktcEnNcsEndPntHookState, + pktcEnNcsEndPntFaxDetection, + pktcEnEndPntFgnPotSupport, + pktcEnEndPntFgnPotDescr, + pktcEnEndPntClrFgnPotTsts, + pktcEnEndPntRunFgnPotTsts, + pktcEnEndPntFgnTestValidity, + pktcEnEndPntFgnTestResults + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Enhanced group of objects for the NCS portion of the + PacketCable Signalling MIB. This is mandatory for + NCS signalling support." + ::= { pktcEnSigGroups 2 } + +-- +-- Conformance group for Loop Voltage Management +-- + +``` + +``` + +pktcEnNcsLVMgmtGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtPolicy, + pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtResetTimer, + pktcEnNcsEndPntLVMgmtMaintTimer + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Enhanced group of objects for the loop voltage + Management of PacketCable MTAs based on Signalling + and configured policies." + ::= { pktcEnSigGroups 3 } + +pktcEnNcsDeprecatedGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + pktcEnNcsEndPntStatusReportCtrl + } + STATUS deprecated + DESCRIPTION + "This contains a list of deprecated Extension + Signalling MIB Objects." + ::= { pktcEnSigGroups 4 } + +END + +``` + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.167-200712-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.167-200712-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..20462c395f3235526cca3ef3b6d193720f353d41 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.167-200712-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,2552 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.167** + +(12/2007) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**Media terminal adapter (MTA) device +provisioning requirements for the delivery of +real-time services over cable television +networks using cable modems** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.167 + + + +# **ITU-T Recommendation J.167** + +# **Media terminal adapter (MTA) device provisioning requirements for the delivery of real-time services over cable television networks using cable modems** + +# **Summary** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.167 describes the IPCablecom media terminal adapter (MTA) device initialization and provisioning process. It is limited to the provisioning of an IPCablecom embedded-MTA device by a single provisioning and network management provider. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.167 was approved on 14 December 2007 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2008 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +###### Page + +| | | | +|------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 | Normative references..... | 1 | +| 2.2 | Informative references..... | 2 | +| 3 | Terms and definitions ..... | 3 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and conventions..... | 3 | +| 4.1 | Abbreviations ..... | 3 | +| 4.2 | Conventions..... | 3 | +| 5 | Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 5.1 | Service goals..... | 4 | +| 5.2 | Specification goals..... | 4 | +| 5.3 | IP Cablecom reference architecture..... | 5 | +| 5.4 | Components and interfaces..... | 6 | +| 6 | Provisioning overview ..... | 10 | +| 6.1 | Device provisioning..... | 10 | +| 6.2 | Endpoint provisioning ..... | 10 | +| 6.3 | Provisioning state transitions..... | 10 | +| 6.4 | Basic and hybrid flow provisioning state transitions ..... | 11 | +| 7 | Provisioning flows..... | 11 | +| 7.1 | Backoff, retries and time-outs ..... | 12 | +| 7.2 | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flows ..... | 13 | +| 7.3 | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow (Basic flow)..... | 24 | +| 7.4 | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow (Hybrid flow)..... | 25 | +| 7.5 | Endpoint provisioning completion notifications ..... | 28 | +| 7.6 | Post initialization incremental provisioning..... | 29 | +| 7.7 | Reflecting the State of the endpoint interface in the ifTable..... | 32 | +| 7.8 | Provisioning of the signalling communication path between the MTA and CMS..... | 33 | +| 7.9 | MTA replacement..... | 33 | +| 7.10 | Temporary signal loss..... | 33 | +| 7.11 | MTA hard reboot/soft reset scenarios ..... | 33 | +| 8 | DHCP options..... | 33 | +| 8.1 | DHCP option 122: Client configuration option..... | 33 | +| 8.2 | DHCP option 60: Vendor-client identifier ..... | 38 | +| 8.3 | DHCP options 12 and 15..... | 38 | +| 8.4 | DHCP option 6 ..... | 38 | +| 8.5 | DHCP option 43 ..... | 38 | +| 8.6 | DHCP option 1 ..... | 41 | + +| | | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 8.7 | DHCP option 3 ..... | 41 | +| 8.8 | DHCP OPTION CL_V4_PACKETCABLE_MIB_ENV_OPTION..... | 41 | +| 9 | MTA provisionable attributes..... | 42 | +| 9.1 | MTA configuration file ..... | 42 | +| 10 | MTA device capabilities..... | 56 | +| 10.1 | IP Cablecom version..... | 57 | +| 10.2 | Number of telephony endpoints ..... | 57 | +| 10.3 | TGT support ..... | 57 | +| 10.4 | HTTP download file access method support..... | 57 | +| 10.5 | MTA24 event SYSLOG notification support..... | 57 | +| 10.6 | NCS service flow support..... | 58 | +| 10.7 | Primary line support ..... | 58 | +| 10.8 | Vendor specific TLV Type(s) ..... | 58 | +| 10.9 | NVRAM ticket/Ticket information storage support..... | 58 | +| 10.10 | Provisioning event reporting support ..... | 58 | +| 10.11 | Supported CODEC(s)..... | 58 | +| 10.12 | Silence suppression support ..... | 59 | +| 10.13 | Echo cancellation support..... | 59 | +| 10.14 | RSVP support..... | 59 | +| 10.15 | UGS-AD support..... | 59 | +| 10.16 | MTA's "ifIndex" starting number in "ifTable" ..... | 60 | +| 10.17 | Provisioning flow logging support..... | 60 | +| 10.18 | Supported provisioning flows..... | 60 | +| 10.19 | T38 version support..... | 61 | +| 10.20 | T38 error correction support..... | 61 | +| 10.21 | RFC 2833 DTMF support ..... | 61 | +| 10.22 | Voice metrics support..... | 61 | +| 10.23 | Device MIB support ..... | 61 | +| 10.24 | Multiple grants per interval support ..... | 63 | +| 10.25 | V.152 Support..... | 63 | +| 11 | TLV-38 SNMP notification receiver specification..... | 64 | +| 11.1 | Sub-TLVs of TLV-38..... | 64 | +| 11.2 | Mapping of TLV fields into SNMP tables ..... | 66 | +| 11.3 | TLV-38 and TLV-11 configuration example ..... | 72 | +| 12 | SNMPv2c management requirements ..... | 76 | +| 12.1 | SNMPV2c coexistence mode tables content created by MTA after MTA4
for hybrid and basic flows ..... | 77 | +| 12.2 | SNMP default entries for SNMPv2 access..... | 78 | + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 13 Service interruption impact reporting and other enhanced features support ..... | 80 | +| 13.1 eDosis requirements support..... | 80 | +| 13.2 IPCablecom extension MIB ..... | 81 | +| 13.3 Battery backup MIBs..... | 81 | +| 13.4 Syslog MIBs ..... | 81 | +| 13.5 Foreign potential detection ..... | 81 | +| Appendix I – SNMPv2c coexistence configuration example – Template for service providers ..... | 82 | + + + +# Media terminal adapter (MTA) device provisioning requirements for the delivery of real-time services over cable television networks using cable modems + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the IPCablecom media terminal adapter (MTA) device initialization and provisioning process. It is limited to the provisioning of an IPCablecom embedded-MTA device by a single provisioning and network management provider. + +NOTE – The structure and content of this Recommendation have been organized for ease of use by those familiar with the original source material; as such, the usual style of ITU-T recommendations has not been applied. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.83] ITU-T Recommendation J.83 (2007), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution*. +- [ITU-T J.112.B] ITU-T Recommendation J.112 Annex B (2004), *Data-over-cable service interface specifications: Radio-frequency interface specification*. +- [ITU-T J.162] ITU-T Recommendation J.162 (2007), *Network call signalling protocol for the delivery of time-critical services over cable television networks using cable modems*. +- [ITU-T J.166] ITU-T Recommendation J.166 (2007), *IPCablecom Management Information Base (MIB) framework*. +- [ITU-T J.170] ITU-T Recommendation J.170 (2005), *IPCablecom security specification*. +- [IETF RFC 2131] IETF RFC 2131 (1997), *Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol*. +- [IETF RFC 2132] IETF RFC 2132 (1997), *DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions*. +- [IETF RFC 2475] IETF RFC 2475 (1998), *An Architecture for Differentiated Services*. +- [IETF RFC 2616] IETF RFC 2616 (1999), *Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP/1.1*. +- [IETF RFC 2833] IETF RFC 2833 (2000), *RTP Payload for DTMF Digits, Telephony Tones and Telephony Signals*. +- [IETF RFC 2863] IETF RFC 2863 (2000), *The Interfaces Group MIB*. +- [IETF RFC 3396] IETF RFC 3396 (2002), *Encoding Long Options in the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv4)*. + +- [IETF RFC 3410] IETF RFC 3410 (2002), *Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet Standard Management Framework*. +- [IETF RFC 3411] IETF RFC 3411 (2002), *An Architecture for Describing Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Frameworks*. +- [IETF RFC 3412] IETF RFC 3412 (2002), *Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [IETF RFC 3413] IETF RFC 3413 (2002), *Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Applications*. +- [IETF RFC 3414] IETF RFC 3414 (2002), *User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)*. +- [IETF RFC 3415] IETF RFC 3415 (2002), *View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [IETF RFC 3495] IETF RFC 3495 (2003), *Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Option for CableLabs Client Configuration*. +- [IETF RFC 3584] IETF RFC 3584 (2003), *Coexistence between Version 1, Version 2, and Version 3 of the Internet-standard Network Management Framework*. +- [IETF RFC 3594] IETF RFC 3594 (2003), *PacketCable Security Ticket Control Sub-Option for the DHCP CableLabs Client Configuration (CCC) Option*. +- [IETF RFC 3617] IETF RFC 3617 (2003), *Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Scheme and Applicability Statement for the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)*. + +## 2.2 Informative references + +- [IETF RFC 3315] IETF RFC 3315 (2003), *Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)*. +- [IETF RFC 4682] IETF RFC 4682 (2006), *Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA) Management Information Base for PacketCable- and IPCablecom-Compliant Devices*. +- [IETF RFC 5098] IETF RFC 5098 (2008), *Signaling MIB for PacketCable and IPCablecom Multimedia Terminal Adapters (MTAs)*. +- [IETF-draft-eventmess] IETF Internet Draft, *Management Event Management Information Base (MIB) for PacketCable- and IPCablecom-compliant Devices*, October 2006, , work in progress. +- [DOCSIS 3.0] Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications, *DOCSIS 3.0 MAC and Upper Layer Protocols Interface Specification*, CM-SP-MULPIv3.0-I02-061222, June 12, 2006, Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. +- [ITU-T J.222.2] ITU-T Recommendation J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and upper layer protocols*. +- [CableLabs' DHCP] *CableLabs' DHCP Options Registry Specification*, CL-SP-CANN-DHCP-Reg-I01-070119, January 19, 2007, Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. + +# 3 Terms and definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.1 cable modem:** A cable modem is a layer-two termination device that terminates the customer end of the J.112 connection. + +**3.2 IPCablecom:** An ITU-T project that includes an architecture and a series of Recommendations that enable the delivery of real-time services (such as telephony) over the cable television networks using cable modems. + +# 4 Abbreviations and conventions + +## 4.1 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------| +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMS | Call Management Server | +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | +| DNS | Domain Name System | +| FQDN | Fully Qualified Domain Name | +| HTTP | HyperText Transfer Protocol | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPSec | Internet Protocol Security | +| MAC | Media Access Control | +| MTA | Media Terminal Adapter | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | +| TFTP | Trivial File Transfer Protocol | +| TGS | Ticket Granting Server | + +## 4.2 Conventions + +It is understood that implementing this Recommendation is optional. If this Recommendation is implemented, the key words "MUST" and "SHALL" as well as "REQUIRED" are to be interpreted as indicating a mandatory aspect of this Recommendation. The key words indicating a certain level of significance of particular requirements that are used throughout this Recommendation are summarized below: + +| | | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| "MUST" | This word or the adjective "REQUIRED" means that the item is an absolute requirement of this Recommendation. | +| "MUST NOT" | This phrase means that the item is an absolute prohibition of this Recommendation. | +| "SHOULD" | This word or the adjective "RECOMMENDED" means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore this item, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before choosing a different course. | + +**"SHOULD NOT"** This phrase means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the listed behaviour is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before implementing any behaviour described with this label. + +**"MAY"** This word or the adjective "OPTIONAL" means that this item is truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item because a particular marketplace requires it or because it enhances the product; for example, another vendor may omit the same item. + +# 5 Introduction + +## 5.1 Service goals + +Cable operators are interested in deploying high-speed data communications systems on cable television networks. The intended service enables voice communications, video and data services based on bidirectional transfer of Internet Protocol (IP) traffic, between the cable system headend and customer locations, over an all-coaxial or hybrid-fibre/coax (HFC) cable network, defined by DOCSIS Recommendations. This is shown in simplified form in Figure 1. + +NOTE – The term "DOCSIS" in this Recommendation is understood to refer to DOCSIS version 1.1 (ITU-T Rec. J.112), DOCSIS 2.0 (ITU-T Rec. J.122) or DOCSIS 3.0 (ITU-T Recs J.222.x), unless explicitly specified otherwise. Implementations of eCMs will refer to the corresponding DOCSIS versions and associated requirements in this Recommendation and DOCSIS Recommendations for compliance. + +![Diagram of transparent IP traffic through the data-over-cable system](08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the flow of transparent IP traffic through a data-over-cable system. It shows a sequence of components connected by double-headed arrows representing bidirectional traffic flow. From left to right: a 'Wide area network' box, an 'AN network side interface' label, a 'CMTS' box, a 'Cable network' label, a 'Cable modem (CM)' box, a 'CM customer premises equipment interface' label, and 'Customer premises equipment' (represented by icons of a telephone, computer monitor, and keyboard). A bracket underneath the CMTS, Cable network, and Cable modem (CM) components is labeled 'Transparent IP traffic through the system'. The identifier 'J.167(07)\_F01' is located in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram of transparent IP traffic through the data-over-cable system + +**Figure 1 – Transparent IP traffic through the data-over-cable system** + +The transmission path over the cable system is realized at the headend by a cable modem termination system (CMTS), and at each customer location by a cable modem (CM). The intent is for operators to transfer IP traffic transparently between these interfaces. + +## 5.2 Specification goals + +Requirements relevant to device provisioning are: + +- A single physical device (e.g., embedded-MTA) will be completely provisioned and managed by a single business entity. This provider may establish business relationships with additional providers for services such as data, voice communications and other services. +- To provision an E-MTA, both the DOCSIS and IPCablecom provisioning steps MUST be performed. The eMTA MUST have its own IP address, different from the IP Address(es) of the eCM. The eMTA MUST also have its own MAC address, different from the MAC address of the eCM. Furthermore, the E-MTA MUST be able to operate in environments where the eMTA IP address may be in the same, or different subnet as the eCM. + +- IPCablecom requires a unique FQDN for the MTA-component in the embedded-MTA. This FQDN MUST be included in the DHCP OFFER and DHCP ACK messages to the MTA-component. IPCablecom makes no additional FQDN requirements on the CM component in the embedded-MTA beyond those required by DOCSIS. Mapping of the FQDN to IP address MUST be configured in the network DNS server and be available to the rest of the network. +- IPCablecom embedded-MTA provisioning MUST use DHCP Option 12 and Option 15 to deliver the MTA FQDN to the E-MTA. +- IPCablecom embedded-MTA provisioning MUST support two separate configuration files: J.112-specified configuration file for the CM component, and an IPCablecom-specified configuration file for the MTA component. +- The embedded-MTA is outside the IPCablecom network trust boundary as defined in the IPCablecom architecture J.160. +- IPCablecom E-MTA MUST support DOCSIS software download as defined in the corresponding eCM DOCSIS Recommendation. A single DOCSIS software download MUST be used to upgrade code for both the eCM and the eMTA. +- IPCablecom MUST support use of SNMPv2c coexistence for network management operations for devices provisioned under the Basic Flow or the Hybrid Flow and SNMPv3/v2 coexistence for network management operations when the device is provisioned under the Secure Flow. +- IPCablecom embedded-MTA provisioning minimizes the impact to DOCSIS devices (CM and CMTS) in the network. +- Standard server solutions (TFTP, SNMP, DNS, etc.) are preferable. It is understood that an application layer may be required on top of these protocols to coordinate IPCablecom embedded-MTA provisioning. +- Where appropriate, the DOCSIS management protocols are supported (e.g., SNMP). + +## 5.3 IPCablecom reference architecture + +Figure 2 shows the reference architecture for the IPCablecom Network. Refer to the IPCablecom architecture J.160 for more detailed information on this reference architecture. + +![Figure 2 – IPCablecom network component reference model (partial). The diagram shows a central 'Managed IP network' cloud connected to various components. On the left, two 'Embedded MTA' units (each containing an 'MTA' and a 'Cable modem') are connected to 'HFC access network (DOCSIS)' clouds, which are in turn connected to 'CMTS' units. These CMTS units connect to the central Managed IP network. Above the central network is a 'Call management server (CMS)'. To the right of the CMS, a dashed box contains an 'Announcement server' (with 'Announcement controller (ANC)' and 'Announcement player (ANP)'), a 'Signaling gateway (SG)', a 'Media gateway controller (MGC)', and a 'Media gateway (MG)'. The MG connects to a 'PSTN' cloud. Below the MG, an 'OSS backoffice' block contains a list of servers: 'Key distribution centre (KDC)', 'Provisioning server', 'DHCP servers', 'DNS servers', 'TFTP or HTTP servers', 'SYSLOG server', and 'Record keeping server (RKS)'. The OSS backoffice connects to the central Managed IP network. A label 'J.167(07)_F02' is in the bottom right corner.](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +Figure 2 – IPCablecom network component reference model (partial). The diagram shows a central 'Managed IP network' cloud connected to various components. On the left, two 'Embedded MTA' units (each containing an 'MTA' and a 'Cable modem') are connected to 'HFC access network (DOCSIS)' clouds, which are in turn connected to 'CMTS' units. These CMTS units connect to the central Managed IP network. Above the central network is a 'Call management server (CMS)'. To the right of the CMS, a dashed box contains an 'Announcement server' (with 'Announcement controller (ANC)' and 'Announcement player (ANP)'), a 'Signaling gateway (SG)', a 'Media gateway controller (MGC)', and a 'Media gateway (MG)'. The MG connects to a 'PSTN' cloud. Below the MG, an 'OSS backoffice' block contains a list of servers: 'Key distribution centre (KDC)', 'Provisioning server', 'DHCP servers', 'DNS servers', 'TFTP or HTTP servers', 'SYSLOG server', and 'Record keeping server (RKS)'. The OSS backoffice connects to the central Managed IP network. A label 'J.167(07)\_F02' is in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 2 – IPCablecom network component reference model (partial) + +## 5.4 Components and interfaces + +The basic IPCablecom embedded-MTA provisioning reference architecture is shown in Figure 3. This figure represents the components and interfaces discussed in this Recommendation. + +![Diagram of IPCablecom provisioning interfaces showing a central Embedded-MTA connected to various servers via labeled interfaces Pkt-p1 through Pkt-p7.](4ee27dbf5ef12e7b58b0ef0937bc5a5e_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; P[Provisioning server] -- Pkt-p1 --> E[Embedded-MTA]; E -- Pkt-p2 --> D[DHCP server]; E -- Pkt-p3 --> S[DNS server]; E -- Pkt-p4 --> T[TFTP or HTTP server]; E -- Pkt-p5 --> G[TGS]; E -- Pkt-p6 --> C[CMS]; E -- Pkt-p7 --> Y[SYSLOG server]; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the central role of the Embedded-MTA in the IPCablecom provisioning architecture. It is connected to seven external components: a Provisioning server (left), a DHCP server (top-left), a DNS server (top), a TFTP or HTTP server (top), a TGS (top-right), a CMS (top-right), and a SYSLOG server (right). Each connection is labeled with a packet type: Pkt-p1 through Pkt-p7. A small label 'J.167(07)\_F03' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Diagram of IPCablecom provisioning interfaces showing a central Embedded-MTA connected to various servers via labeled interfaces Pkt-p1 through Pkt-p7. + +**Figure 3 – IPCablecom provisioning interfaces** + +### 5.4.1 MTA + +The MTA MUST conform to the following requirements during the provisioning sequence. + +#### 5.4.1.1 MTA security requirements + +The MTA MUST conform to the following security requirements during the Secure Flow provisioning sequence: + +- The MTA device MIB is structured to represent the assignment of MTA endpoints to a CMS. For more information on the security association between an MTA and a CMS, refer to [ITU-T J.170]. +- CMS Kerberos Principal Name is not explicitly configured in the MTA endpoints. The MTA MUST be able to determine the CMS Kerberos Principal Name based on the CMS FQDN, as specified in [ITU-T J.170]. +- For each unique pair of CMS Kerberos principal Name/Kerberos Realm assigned to an endpoint, the MTA MUST obtain a single Kerberos ticket per [ITU-T J.170]. +- If the MTA already has a valid Kerberos ticket for that CMS, the MTA MUST NOT request an additional Kerberos ticket for that CMS. (Unless the expiration time of the current Kerberos ticket $\leq$ current time + PKINIT Grace Period, in which case the MTA MUST obtain a fresh ticket for the same CMS.) +- In the case that a CMS FQDN maps to multiple IP addresses, the MTA MUST initially establish a pair of IPSec Security Associations with one of the IP addresses returned by the DNS server. The MTA MAY also initially establish IPSec Security Associations with the additional CMS IP addresses. See [ITU-T J.170] for more information. +- If the MTA already has a pair of active Security Associations (inbound and outbound) with a particular CMS IP address, the MTA MUST NOT attempt to establish additional Security Associations with the same IP address. + +During the provisioning sequence, there are no specific security requirements for the Basic Flow or the Hybrid Flow. + +#### 5.4.1.2 MTA SNMP requirements + +The MTA MUST conform to the following SNMPv3 requirements during the Secure Flow provisioning sequence: + +- MTA SNMPv3 security is separate and distinct from CM SNMPv3 security. USM security information (authentication and privacy keys, and other USM table entries) is set up separately. +- SNMPv3 initialization MUST be completed prior to the provisioning enrolment inform. +- In Secure Flow, the MTA MUST support SNMPv3 and SNMPv2 based device management as defined in [IETF RFC 3414] and [IETF RFC 3584]. + +The MTA MUST conform to the following SNMPv2c requirements during the Hybrid Flow or Basic Flow provisioning sequence: + +- SNMPv2c initialization MUST be completed immediately after the DHCP phase. +- SNMPv2c based device management is defined in [IETF RFC 3584]. + +The MTA MUST implement the management information base (MIB) modules as described in IETF RFC 1945 and specified in Annexes B, D, E and F of [ITU-T J.166]. If it also implements the IETF MIB modules as specified in [IETF RFC 4682], [IETF RFC 5098] and [IETF-draft-eventmess], the MTA MUST ensure that both sets of MIB modules can coexist without any conflicting or ambiguous behaviour. MTAs implementing multiple MIB environments MUST support the DHCP option 'CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION' as specified in clauses 7 and 8.8. + +It is understood that any MIB module or MIB Object references in this Recommendation refer to either MIB modules unless explicitly specified otherwise, or the MIB Object is specified in only one of them. + +### 5.4.2 Provisioning server + +The Provisioning Server is made up of the following components: + +- Provisioning Application – The Provisioning Application is responsible for coordinating the embedded-MTA provisioning process. This application has an associated SNMP Entity. +- Provisioning SNMP Entity – The provisioning SNMP entity MUST include a trap/inform handler for provisioning enrolment and the provisioning status traps/informs as well as an SNMP engine for retrieving device capabilities and setting the Configuration filename and access method. Refer to the IPCablecom MTA MIB [ITU-T J.166] or [IETF RFC 4682] for a description of the MIB accessible MTA attributes. +- The Provisioning Server MUST examine the "Device MIB Support" capability of the MTA (specified in clause 10.23) to choose the MIB modules that can be used to specify the MTA configuration file. + +The interface between the Provisioning Application and the associated SNMP Entity is not specified in IPCablecom and is left to vendor implementation. The interface between the Provisioning Server and the TFTP Server is not specified in IPCablecom and is left to vendor implementation. + +### 5.4.3 MTA to telephony Syslog server + +The IPCablecom MTAs MUST implement Management Event Mechanism as per ITU-T Rec. J.172, which includes the support for Syslog server. + +The IPCablecom MTAs MUST also implement all the IPCablecom Provisioning Management Events described in Annex A/J.172. + +### 5.4.4 MTA to DHCP server + +This interface identifies specific requirements in the DHCP server and the client for IP assignment during the MTA initialization process: + +- Both the DHCP server and the embedded-MTA MUST support DHCP option codes 6, 7, 12, 15, 43, 60 and DHCP option code 122 (defined in [IETF RFC 2132]). Option codes 12 (Host Name) and 15 (Domain Name) MUST form a Fully Qualified Domain Name and MUST be resolvable by the DNS server. +- The DHCP server MUST accept and support broadcast and unicast messages per [IETF RFC 3396] from the MTA DHCP client. +- The DHCP server MUST include the MTA's assigned FQDN in the DHCP OFFER and DHCP ACK messages to the MTA-component of the embedded-MTA. Refer to [IETF RFC 2131] for details describing the DHCP OFFER message. + +### 5.4.5 MTA to provisioning application + +This interface identifies specific requirements for the Provisioning Application to satisfy MTA initialization and registration. The Provisioning Application requirements are: + +- The MTA MUST generate a correlation ID – An arbitrary value that will be exchanged as part of the device capability data to the Provisioning Application. This value is used as an identifier to correlate related events in the MTA provisioning sequence. +- The Provisioning Application MUST provide the MTA with its MTA configuration data file. The MTA configuration file is specific to the MTA-component of the embedded-MTA and separate from the CM-component's configuration data file. +- The configuration data file format is TLV binary data suitable for transport over the specified TFTP or HTTP access method. +- The Provisioning Application MUST have the capability to configure the MTA with different data and voice service providers. +- The Provisioning Application MUST use only SNMPv3 to provision devices in the Secure Flow. The support of the Basic and Hybrid Flows is optional for the Provisioning Application. If the Basic and Hybrid Flows are supported, the Provisioning Application MUST use only SNMPv2c to provision devices in the Hybrid or Basic Flow. +- The Provisioning Application MUST provide SNMPv3 and SNMPv2 for device management. +- The Provisioning Application MUST support online incremental device/subscriber provisioning using SNMP. +- MTA MUST Specify all of its Capabilities in DHCP option 60 in accordance with clause 10. +- Provisioning Application MUST NOT assume any Capabilities, which do not have default values. In case capabilities supplied by the MTA are not consistent in format and/or in number and/or in values, the Provisioning Application MUST use the other means to identify the MTA's capabilities (e.g., SNMPv3 if possible). + +### 5.4.6 MTA to CMS + +Signalling is the main interface between the MTA and the CMS. Refer to the IPCablecom signalling [ITU-T J.162] for a detailed description of the interface. + +- The CMS MUST accept signalling and bearer channel requests from an MTA that has an active security association. + +- The CMS MUST NOT accept signalling and bearer channel requests from an MTA that does not have an active security association unless provisioned to do so with information corresponding to the "pktcMtaDevCmsIpsSecCtrl" MIB Object. + +### 5.4.7 MTA to security server (KDC) + +The interface between the MTA and the key distribution centre (KDC) MUST conform to the [ITU-T J.170] IPCablecom security specification. + +AP-REQ/REP exchange backoff and retry mechanism of the Kerberized SNMPv3 key negotiation defined in [ITU-T J.170] is controlled by the values delivered by DHCP option 122 sub-option 5 (see clause 8.1.4). + +AS-REQ/REP exchange backoff and retry mechanism of the Kerberized SNMPv3 key negotiation defined in [ITU-T J.170] is controlled by the values delivered by DHCP option 122 sub-option 4 (see clause 8.1.3) or by the default values of the corresponding MIB objects in the Realm Table if sub-option 4 is not present in the DHCP option 122. + +### 5.4.8 MTA and configuration data file access + +This Recommendation allows for more than one access method to download the configuration data file to the MTA: + +- The MTA MUST support the TFTP access method for downloading the MTA configuration data file. +- The MTA MAY support HTTP access method for downloading the MTA configuration data file. +- The Provisioning Server MUST provide the MTA with the URL-encoded TFTP/HTTP server address and configuration filename via a SNMPv3 SET for the Secure Flow. The Provisioning Server MUST provide the MTA with the URL-encoded TFTP/HTTP server address via an SNMPv2c SET if it supports the Hybrid Flow provisioning mode. The Basic Flow does not require an SNMP SET to get the configuration file; the Provisioning Server MUST provide the MTA with the TFTP/HTTP server address in the DHCP "file" and "siaddr" fields if it supports the Basic Flow provisioning mode. For additional information, refer to clause 7.3. + +### 5.4.9 DOCSIS extensions for MTA provisioning + +This Recommendation requires that the following additions to DOCSIS flows for MTA auto-provisioning be supported: + +- eCMs that can obtain IP configuration information from multiple DHCP servers MUST use the primary DHCP server – designated to provide the eCM configuration information – for obtaining IPCablecom specific options (refer to [ITU-T J.222.2] for more information). +- eCMs relying on DHCPv4 for IPCablecom specific information MUST implement DHCP option code 122 (as specified in IETF RFC 3442) and communicate the Telephony Service Provider's DHCPv4 Server information to the eMTA (as per clause 7). +- eCMs relying on DHCPv6 for IPCablecom specific information MUST implement the DHCP option code OPTION\_VENDOR\_OPTS(17) (as specified in [IETF RFC 3315]) and the "CableLabs Client Configuration" DHCPv6 option code CL\_OPTION\_CCC (as specified in Annex A of [ITU-T J.166]) to communicate the Telephony Service Provider's DHCPv4 Server information to the eMTA. + +# 6 Provisioning overview + +Provisioning is a subset of configuration management control. The provisioning aspects include, but are not limited to, defining configurable data attributes, managing defined attribute values, resource initialization and registration, managing resource software, and configuration data reporting. The resource (also referred to as the managed resource) always refers to the MTA device. Further, the associated subscriber is also referred to as a managed resource. + +## 6.1 Device provisioning + +Device provisioning is the process by which an embedded-MTA device is configured to support voice communications service. + +Device provisioning involves the MTA obtaining its IP configuration required for basic network connectivity, announcing itself to the network and downloading of its configuration data from its provisioning server. + +When the device is provisioned using the "Secure Flow", the MTA device MUST be able to verify the authenticity of the configuration file it downloads from the server. The "Secure Flow" generated configuration file is "signed" and may be "sealed". Refer to [ITU-T J.170] for further information. + +Refer to clause 5.4.1 for provisioning rules related to security associations. + +When the device is provisioned using the Basic Flow or the Hybrid Flow, a content integrity verification check MUST be conducted on the configuration file by the MTA. For details, refer to clause 9.1. + +## 6.2 Endpoint provisioning + +Endpoint provisioning is when a provisioned MTA authenticates itself to the CMS and establishes a security association with that server. This allows subsequent call signalling to be protected under the established security association. + +The MTA MUST follow the requirements defined in the IPCablecom security specification [ITU-T J.170] for NCS Kerberized Key Management, independently of the provisioning flow (Secure, Hybrid or Basic Flow) the MTA was provisioned with. + +## 6.3 Provisioning state transitions + +Figure 4 represents logical device states and the possible transitions across these logical states. This representation is for illustrative purposes only and is not meant to imply a specific implementation. The following MTA state transitions do not specify the number of retry attempts or retry time out values: + +![Figure 4: Device states and state transitions for secure flow provisioning. The diagram shows five states: UNKNOWN, KNOWN, PROVISIONED, AUTHENTICATED, RESET/INIT, UN-PROVISIONED, and UN-AUTHENTICATED. Transitions are: UNKNOWN to KNOWN (dhcp OK), UNKNOWN to RESET/INIT (dhcp FAIL), KNOWN to PROVISIONED (Config data OK), KNOWN to UN-PROVISIONED (Config data FAIL), PROVISIONED to AUTHENTICATED (Security exchange OK), PROVISIONED to UN-AUTHENTICATED (Security Exchange FAIL). RETRY transitions go from RESET/INIT to UNKNOWN, UN-PROVISIONED to KNOWN, and UN-AUTHENTICATED to PROVISIONED.](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + UNKNOWN --> KNOWN : dhcp OK + UNKNOWN --> RESET/INIT : dhcp FAIL + KNOWN --> PROVISIONED : Config data OK + KNOWN --> UN-PROVISIONED : Config data FAIL + PROVISIONED --> AUTHENTICATED : Security exchange OK + PROVISIONED --> UN-AUTHENTICATED : Security Exchange FAIL + RESET/INIT --> UNKNOWN : RETRY + UN-PROVISIONED --> KNOWN : RETRY + UN-AUTHENTICATED --> PROVISIONED : RETRY + +``` + +Figure 4: Device states and state transitions for secure flow provisioning. The diagram shows five states: UNKNOWN, KNOWN, PROVISIONED, AUTHENTICATED, RESET/INIT, UN-PROVISIONED, and UN-AUTHENTICATED. Transitions are: UNKNOWN to KNOWN (dhcp OK), UNKNOWN to RESET/INIT (dhcp FAIL), KNOWN to PROVISIONED (Config data OK), KNOWN to UN-PROVISIONED (Config data FAIL), PROVISIONED to AUTHENTICATED (Security exchange OK), PROVISIONED to UN-AUTHENTICATED (Security Exchange FAIL). RETRY transitions go from RESET/INIT to UNKNOWN, UN-PROVISIONED to KNOWN, and UN-AUTHENTICATED to PROVISIONED. + +J.167(07)\_F04 + +**Figure 4 – Device states and state transitions for secure flow provisioning** + +## 6.4 Basic and hybrid flow provisioning state transitions + +Figure 5 represents logical device states and the possible transitions across these logical states. This representation is for illustrative purposes only and is not meant to imply a specific implementation. The following MTA state transitions do not specify the number of retry attempts or retry time out values. + +![Figure 5: Device states and state transitions for basic and hybrid flow provisioning. The diagram shows four states: UNKNOWN, KNOWN, PROVISIONED, RESET/INIT, and UN-PROVISIONED. Transitions are: UNKNOWN to KNOWN (dhcp OK), UNKNOWN to RESET/INIT (dhcp FAIL), KNOWN to PROVISIONED (Config data OK), KNOWN to UN-PROVISIONED (Config data FAIL). RETRY transitions go from RESET/INIT to UNKNOWN and UN-PROVISIONED to KNOWN.](898fb89a50d9ec1dfb4e425c816976a7_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + UNKNOWN --> KNOWN : dhcp OK + UNKNOWN --> RESET/INIT : dhcp FAIL + KNOWN --> PROVISIONED : Config data OK + KNOWN --> UN-PROVISIONED : Config data FAIL + RESET/INIT --> UNKNOWN : RETRY + UN-PROVISIONED --> KNOWN : RETRY + +``` + +Figure 5: Device states and state transitions for basic and hybrid flow provisioning. The diagram shows four states: UNKNOWN, KNOWN, PROVISIONED, RESET/INIT, and UN-PROVISIONED. Transitions are: UNKNOWN to KNOWN (dhcp OK), UNKNOWN to RESET/INIT (dhcp FAIL), KNOWN to PROVISIONED (Config data OK), KNOWN to UN-PROVISIONED (Config data FAIL). RETRY transitions go from RESET/INIT to UNKNOWN and UN-PROVISIONED to KNOWN. + +J.167(07)\_F05 + +**Figure 5 – Device states and state transitions for basic and hybrid flow provisioning** + +# 7 Provisioning flows + +An IPCablecom MTA is provisioned via one of three provisioning flows: + +- The Secure Flow supports Kerberos mutual authentication between the MTA and the provisioning system, as well as Kerberized SNMPv3 messaging. The Secure Flow **MUST** be supported by IPCablecom MTAs and the Provisioning Applications. +- The Basic Flows are a simplified DOCSIS-like provisioning flows with no Kerberos or SNMPv3 security and no SNMP enrolment via SNMP INFORM. The Basic Flows **SHOULD** be supported by IPCablecom MTAs and Provisioning Applications. +- The Hybrid Flows are essentially the Secure flow with the Kerberos message exchanges removed, and SNMPv2c substituted for SNMPv3. The Hybrid Flows **SHOULD** be supported by IPCablecom MTAs and Provisioning Applications. + +Any mention of SNMP in this Recommendation without a specific reference to the SNMP protocol version must be interpreted as follows: + +- For the Secure Flow, the MTA MUST support 'SNMPv3 only' for Provisioning and SNMPv3/v2c coexistence for Network Management and/or Monitoring operations. The SNMPv3/v2c coexistence MUST be supported and is configured using the values of TLV-38, or TLV-11 and TLV-64 in the MTA configuration file. +- For the Hybrid or Basic Flows, the MTA MUST support SNMPv2c for Provisioning, Network Management and/or Monitoring operations. The level of SNMPv2c access MUST be supported according to the values of TLV-38 or TLV-11 and TLV-64 in the MTA configuration file. + +An MTA can also be configured with additional SNMPv2c targets via its configuration file by using TLV-38 or TLV-11 and TLV-64. + +An MTA is commanded to execute a specific flow via the contents of DHCP option 122 sub-option 6, as described in clause 8.1.5. Each of these flows begins with a common set of flow steps. + +An MTA is required to implement the IPCablecom specified MIBs, and optionally may implement the IETF MIBs. For an MTA supporting both, the operator may wish to provide a preference for usage. An MTA that supports multiple MIB environments MUST request an appropriate DHCPv4 option. The DHCPv4 option "CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION (4)", as specified in the CableLabs' DHCP Options Registry could be used. The Provisioning Server MAY indicate an operator preference by responding with the DHCPv4 option "CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION (4)". The MTA requirements associated with this option are specified in clause 8.8. + +In all the provisioning flows indicated in this clause, the following requirements apply: + +- if an MTA encounters DHCP options that it does not recognize – in the DHCP OFFER or DHCP ACK messages – it MUST ignore such options and proceed with provisioning as though they were not provided (i.e., MTA operation is unaffected); +- if an IPCablecom Provisioning Server receives SNMP INFORMs from MTAs that contain Object Identifiers that it does not recognize, it SHOULD acknowledge them. Further, upon receiving any SNMP notifications containing unrecognized Object Identifiers, the Provisioning Server MUST comply with the behaviour specified in this Recommendation (i.e., Provisioning Server operation is unaffected). + +## 7.1 Backoff, retries and time-outs + +Backoff mechanisms help the network to throttle device registration during a typical or mass registration condition when the MTA client requests are not serviced within the protocol-specified time-out values. The details of provisioning behaviour under mass-registration is beyond the scope of IPCablecom; however, this clause provides the following recommendations and requirements: + +- Throttling of registrations MAY be based on DOCSIS CM registration. +- The MTA MUST follow DHCP [IETF RFC 2131] and HTTP specification time-out and retry mechanisms. It is recommended to follow [IETF RFC 3413] for SNMP timeout and retry mechanisms. +- The MTA MUST use an adaptive time-out for TFTP as specified in DOCSIS (ITU-T Rec. J.112/J.122). + +- The MTA MUST follow backoff and retry recommendations that are defined in [ITU-T J.170] security specification for the security message flows. +- All Provisioning Flows (Secure, Basic and Hybrid) are described in clauses 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4. + - Provisioning timer MUST start immediately after the receipt of DHCP ACK and MUST end with the completion of TFTP/HTTP configuration file response. + - In case the provisioning timer expires before the completion of TFTP/HTTP configuration file response, the MTA MUST return to MTA1. + - MTA MUST NOT wait until the Provisioning Timer expires before acting on each Provisioning step's failure condition. For example, in Secure Flow, if step MTA19 fails, the MTA must not wait until the Provisioning Timer expires but must return to MTA1 immediately when the failure condition is discovered. +- In the Secure Provisioning Flow – If a failure occurs in any of the steps related to the PROV\_SNMP\_ENTITY (MTA13, MTA14, MTA15, MTA19) before the MTA obtains the Device configuration file – and the MTA resolved multiple IP addresses for the PROV\_SNMP\_ENTITY (FQDN received in option 122 sub-option 3), then it MUST retry the steps with all the resolved IP addresses before returning to MTA1, unless directed otherwise by [ITU-T J.170]. However, it is to be noted that once the MTA selects a resolved IP address for use in MTA13, it MUST use the same IP address in steps MTA15 and MTA25. +- In the Hybrid Provisioning Flow – If a failure occurs in any of the steps related to the PROV\_SNMP\_ENTITY (H-MTA15, H-MTA19) before the MTA obtains the Device configuration file – and the MTA resolved multiple IP addresses for the PROV\_SNMP\_ENTITY (FQDN received in option 122 sub-option 3), then it MUST retry the steps with all the resolved IP addresses before returning to MTA1. However, it is to be noted that once the MTA selects a resolved IP address for use in H-MTA15, it MUST use the same IP address in H-MTA25. + +## 7.2 Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flows + +Table 1 shows the mandatory message flow that the embedded-MTA device MUST follow during power-on initialization (unless stated explicitly otherwise). It is understood that these flows do not imply implementation or limit functionality. + +Although these flows show the MTA configuration file download from a TFTP Server, the descriptive text details the requirements to support the MTA configuration file download from an HTTP Server. + +Note in the flow details below that certain steps may appear to be a loop in the event of a failure. In other words, the step to proceed to if a given step fails is to retry that step again. However, it is recommended that if the desired number of backoff and retry attempts does not allow the step to successfully complete, the device detecting the failure should generate a failure event notification. + +In the flow details below (see Figure 6 and Table 1), the calculation of the Hash and the Encryption/Decryption of the MTA's Configuration File MUST follow the requirements in [ITU-T J.170]. + +The provisioning flow for an eCM utilizing DHCPv4 for IP configuration is shown on Figure 6 and explained in clause 7.2.1. The provisioning flow for an eCM utilizing DHCPv6 for IP configuration is shown on Figure 6a and explained in clause 7.2.2. The provisioning flows for an eMTA remain the same, irrespective of the eCM provisioning mode. + +### 7.2.1 Embedded-MTA secure power-on initialization flow (IPv4 eCM) + +![](08a978a124d3ed6cf1a3d0cfd89418d0_img.jpg) + +| Flow | CM/MTA | CMTS | DOCSIS DHCP | DOCSIS TFTP | DOCSIS ToD | Prov Server | PKT DHCP | PKT DNS | PKT TFTP | MSO KDC | SYSLOG | +|----------------------------------------------------------|--------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------|------------|-------------|----------|---------|----------|---------|--------| +| Start with DOCSIS 1.1 Initialization/Registration | | | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-1 | | DHCP Broadcast Discover (Request Option Code 122) | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-2 | | DHCP Offer (Option Code 122 w/ telephony service provider's DHCP server address) | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-3 | | DHCP Request | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-4 | | DHCP Ack | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-5 | | DOCSIS 1.1 CM config file request | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-6 | | DOCSIS 1.1 config file | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-7 | | ToD Request | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-8 | | ToD Response | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-9 | | CM registration with CMTS | | | | | | | | | | +| CM-10 | | CMTS Registration ACK | | | | | | | | | | +| Complete DOCSIS 1.1 Initialization/Registration | | | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-1 | | DHCP Broadcast Discover (Includes Option code 60 w/ MTA device identifier, Option code 43, & requests Option code 122) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-2 | | DHCP Offer (option code 122 w/ name of provisioning realm) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-3 | | DHCP Request | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-4 | | DHCP Ack | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-5 | | DNS Request | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-6 | | DNS Srv (KDC host name associated with the provisioning REALM) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-7 | | DNS Request | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-8 | | DNS Response (KDC IP Address) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-9 | | AS Request | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-10 | | AS Reply | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-11 | | TGS Request | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-12 | | TGS Reply | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-13 | | AP Request (KeyMgmtProtVers., Protocol ID, KRB_AP_REQ., Ciphersuites, SHA-1/HMAC ) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-14 | | AP Reply (KeyMgmtProtVers., Protocol ID, KRB_AP_REP., ciphersuite selected, key lifetime, Ack req., HMAC) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-15 | | SNMP Inform (see table for data list) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-16 | | SNMP Get Request(s) for MTA device capabilities (optional/iterative) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-17 | | SNMP Get Response(s) containing MTA device capabilities (optional/iterative) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-18 | | MTA config file | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-19 | | SNMP Set with URL encoded file download access method (TFTP or HTTP), filename, hash, and encryption key (if required) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-20 | | Resolve TFTP server FQDN | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-21 | | TFTP server IP address | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-22 | | Telephony config file request | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-23 | | Telephony config file | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-24 | | MTA sends telephony service provider SYSLOG a notification of provisioning completed (Optional) | | | | | | | | | | +| MTA-25 | | Notify completion of telephony provisioning (MTA MAC address, ESN, pass/fail) | | | | | | | | | | + +Figure 6 – Embedded-MTA secure power-on initialization flow (IPv4 eCM) + +**Table 1 – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv4 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| CM1 |

The client device begins device registration by having the CM component send a broadcast DHCP discover message.

Included in this message is option code 60 (Vendor Specific Option) in the format "docsis1.1:xxxxxxx". This message MUST request option 122 in option 55, the request parameter list. The remainder of this message MUST conform to the DHCP discover data as defined in the DOCSIS Recommendations.

|

Initial

MUST step in sequence

| Per DOCSIS | +| CM2 |

The DOCSIS DHCP Server, if it has been configured to support MTA devices, MUST include option code 122 with sub-option 1 and, possibly, sub-option 2 as per clause 8.1. If it is configured to prevent the MTA portion of the device from provisioning, then sub-option 1 in option code 122 MUST contain a DHCP server address of value 0.0.0.0.

DOCSIS DHCP Servers without any prior knowledge of MTA devices MAY respond with DHCP OFFER without including option 122.

|

CM2

MUST occur after CM1 completion

| Per DOCSIS | +| CM3 |

Upon receiving a DHCP OFFER, the CM MUST check for the requested option 122. If it is not present, then it MUST retry the DHCP DISCOVER process (CM1) exponentially for 3 attempts (e.g., 2-, 4-, 8-second intervals). Upon failing to receive any DHCP OFFER with option 122 after the exponential retry mechanism, it MUST consider OFFERs without option code 122 and accept one of them as per the DHCP specification [IETF RFC 2131]. The client device (CM) MUST then send a DHCP REQUEST broadcast message to the DHCP server whose OFFER is accepted as specified in the DHCP specification [IETF RFC 2131].

|

CM3

MUST occur after CM2 completion

| Per DOCSIS | +| CM4 |

The DHCP server sends the client device CM component a DHCP ACK message to confirm acceptance of the offered data. Upon receiving the DHCP ACK, the CM MUST check again for option 122. The absence of option 122 in the DHCP ACK message, which was accepted by the CM, implies that it MUST NOT initialize the embedded MTA. The presence of option 122 implies that it MUST initialize the MTA and pass sub-option 1 and, possibly, sub-option 2.

If the option content of this DHCP ACK differs from the preceding DHCP OFFER, the option content of this DHCP ACK MUST be treated as authoritative (per [IETF RFC 2131]).

|

CM4

MUST occur after CM3 completion

| Per DOCSIS | +| CM5-CM10 |

The client device's CM component completes the remainder of the CM specified registration sequence. This includes downloading the CM configuration file, requesting time of day registration and registering with the CMTS.

|

CM5-CM10

MUST occur after CM4 completion

| Per DOCSIS | + +**Table 1 – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv4 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| MTA1 |

DHCP Broadcast Discover. The MTA MUST send a broadcast DHCP DISCOVER message. This message MUST include option code 60 (Vendor Specific Option) in the format "pktc1.0:xxxxxx". The MTA MUST include the DHCP option code 43 in the DHCP DISCOVER message as defined in clause 8.5. The MTA MUST request in DHCP option 55 the following: 1, 3, 6, 7, 12, 15 and 122 options. If the CM DHCP option code 122 sub-option 1 (passed by the CM to the MTA) contains a DHCP server of value of 0.0.0.0, then the MTA MUST not attempt to provision and MUST remain dormant until it is reinitialized by the CM.

|

MTA1

MUST NOT occur before completion of CM4

|

If failure per DHCP protocol, repeat MTA1

| +| MTA2 |

DHCP OFFER

The MTA may receive multiple DHCP OFFERs (during its wait period as per [IETF RFC 2131]).

The following requirements apply to the MTA and/or the Provisioning Applications.

  1. 1) The MTA MUST only accept a valid DHCP OFFER message. A valid DHCP OFFER MUST be sent by the primary or secondary DHCP servers returned in DHCP option code 122 sub-options 1 and 2 as obtained by the E-MTA via the CM provisioning step CM4. A valid DHCP OFFER MUST also include the following options: 1, 3, 6, 7, 12, 15, 122 with DHCP option 122 sub-options 3 and 6. DHCP option 122 MAY contain the additional sub-options 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9.
  2. 2) If the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 returned by a valid DHCP server indicates that the Basic or Hybrid flow must be performed, the MTA MUST ignore the DHCP option 122 sub-options 4, 5, 7 and 9 if they are present.
  3. 3) If the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 returned by a valid DHCP server indicates that the Basic Flow must be performed, the Provisioning Server MUST include the configuration file location in the 'siaddr' and 'file' fields in the DHCP responses.
  4. 4) If the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 returned by a valid DHCP server indicates the Secure flow must be performed, the MTA MUST process the DHCP option 122 sub-options 4, 5, 7 and 9.

The MTA next applies the following rules to the set of valid DHCP OFFERs:

  1. a) The MTA MUST check the value of the DHCP option 122 sub-option 3. If all valid OFFERs contain 0.0.0.0 in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3, then the MTA MUST not further the DHCP process and it MUST shut down until it is reinitialized. Otherwise, the MTA MUST further restrict its set of valid OFFERs to those with a non-zero value in the DHCP option 122 sub-option 3.
|

MTA2

MUST occur after MTA1 completion

|

If failure per DHCP protocol, return to MTA1

| + +**Table 1 – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv4 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| MTA2 |

b) The MTA MUST check the value of the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 for indication of the Secure Flow. If no valid DHCP OFFER message directs the MTA to the Secure flow, the MTA MUST retry the DHCP DISCOVER process (MTA1) exponentially for 3 attempts (e.g., 2-, 4-, 8-second intervals). Upon failing to receive any valid DHCP OFFER indicating the Secure flow, the MTA MUST select a valid Hybrid Flow DHCP OFFER, or a valid Basic Flow OFFER in that order.

If no valid DHCP OFFER is received, the MTA MUST fail the corresponding provisioning flow step.

NOTE – In the case of Secure Flow, if an MTA supports TGTs and receives the DHCP option 122 sub-option 7 set to a FALSE value, it MUST NOT request TGTs. If an MTA supports TGTs and receives the DHCP option 122 sub-option 7 set to a TRUE value, it MUST request TGTs. MTAs that do not support TGTs MUST ignore the DHCP option 122 sub-option 7.

| | | +| MTA3 |

DHCP Broadcast REQUEST

Once the MTA has selected a valid DHCP OFFER, the MTA MUST send a DHCP REQUEST broadcast message to accept the DHCP OFFER per [IETF RFC 2131].

|

MTA3

MUST occur after MTA2 completion

|

If failure per DHCP protocol, return to MTA1

| +| MTA4 |

DHCP ACK

The DHCP server sends a DHCP ACK message to the MTA. The DHCP ACK message MUST include all options and sub-options which had been sent in MTA2 (DHCP OFFER). If the option and sub-option values of this DHCP ACK differ from the preceding DHCP OFFER (MTA2), the option and sub-option values of this DHCP ACK MUST be treated as authoritative (per [IETF RFC 2131]).

If the DHCP ACK is not valid as per the criteria established in MTA2, the MTA MUST fail this step.

NOTE – The provisioning flow forks into one of three directions as follows:

If the MTA4 DHCP ACK indicates the Basic Flow, the MTA MUST proceed to flow step B-MTA-22 described in clause 7.3.

If the MTA4 DHCP ACK indicates the Hybrid Flow, the MTA MUST proceed to flow step H-MTA-15 described in clause 7.4.

Otherwise, the Secure Flow is indicated and the MTA MUST proceed to step MTA5 below.

|

MTA4

MUST occur after MTA3 completion

|

If failure per DHCP protocol, return to MTA1

| +| MTA5 |

DNS Srv Request

The MTA requests the MSO KDC host name for the Kerberos realm.

|

MTA5

MUST occur after MTA4 completion

|

MTA1

| +| MTA6 |

DNS Srv Reply

Returns the MSO KDC host name associated with the provisioning REALM.

|

MTA6

MUST occur after MTA5 completion

|

MTA1

| + +**Table 1 – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv4 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MTA7 | DNS Request
The MTA now requests the IP Address of the MSO KDC. | MTA7
MUST occur after MTA6 completion | MTA1 | +| MTA8 | DNS Reply
The DNS Server returns the IP Address of the MSO KDC. | MTA8
MUST occur after MTA7 completion | MTA1 | +| MTA9 | AS Request
The AS Request message is sent to the MSO KDC to request a Kerberos ticket. | If MTA9 occurs, it MUST occur after MTA8 completion | MTA1
The failure conditions are defined by the security specification [ITU-T J.170] | +| MTA10 | AS Reply
The AS Reply Message is received from the MSO KDC containing the Kerberos ticket.
NOTE 1 – The KDC must map the MTA MAC address to the FQDN before sending the AS Reply.
NOTE 2 – Flows MTA11-MTA12 are optional in some cases, refer to the security specification ([ITU-T J.170]).
NOTE 3 – SNMPv3 entity (FQDN) MUST be resolved to an IP address anywhere during flows MTA5 to MTA12.
NOTE 4 – If an IP address is provided in the Additional information field of the DNS-SRV response (MTA6), MTA MAY use the same and skip the flows MTA7 and MTA8.
NOTE 5 – If the MTA has valid provisioning application server ticket saved in NVRAM, then it MUST skip the flows MTA5 to MTA12 in successive MTA resets (flows MTA1 to MTA25). | MTA10
MUST occur after MTA9 completion | MTA1 | +| MTA11 | TGS Request
If MTA obtained TGT in MTA10, the TGS Request message is sent to the MSO KDC. | If MTA11 occurs, it MUST occur after MTA10 completion | MTA1 | +| MTA12 | TGS Reply
The TGS Reply message is received from the MSO KDC. | MTA12
MUST occur after MTA11 completion | MTA1 | +| MTA13 | AP Request
The AP Request message is sent to the Provisioning Server to request the keying information for SNMPv3. | MTA13
MUST occur after MTA12 or MTA10 completion | MTA1
The failure conditions are defined by the security specification [ITU-T J.170] | + +**Table 1 – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv4 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MTA14 |

AP Reply

The AP Reply message is received from the Provisioning Server containing the keying information for SNMPv3.

NOTE – The SNMPv3 keys must be established before the next step using the information in the AP Reply.

|

MTA14

MUST occur after MTA13 completion

| MTA1 | +| MTA15 |

SNMP Enrolment INFORM

The MTA MUST send an SNMPv3 Enrollment INFORM to the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY (specified in the DHCP option 122 sub-option 3). The SNMP INFORM MUST contain a "PktcMtaDevProvisioningEnrolment" object as defined in [ITU-T J.166].

The PROV_SNMP_ENTITY notifies the Provisioning Application that the MTA has entered the management domain.

NOTE – The provisioning server can reset the MTA at this point in the flows. The MTA is part of the security domain and MUST respond to management requests, the SNMP INFORM of MTA15 is the indicator, see clause 5.4.1.2.

|

MTA15

MUST occur after MTA14 completion

|

If failure per SNMP protocol, return to MTA1.

SNMP server MUST send response to SNMP-INFORM.

| +| MTA16 |

SNMPv3 GET Request (Optional). If any additional MTA device capabilities are needed by the PROV_APP, the PROV_APP requests these from the MTA via SNMPv3 Get Requests. This is done by having the PROV_APP send the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY a "get request" Iterative: The PROV_SNMP_ENTITY sends the MTA one or more SNMPv3 GET requests to obtain any needed MTA capability information. The Provisioning Application may use a GETBulk request to obtain several pieces of information in a single message.

|

MTA16 is optional, can occur after MTA15 completion

| N/A | +| MTA17 |

SNMPv3 GET Response

Iterative:

MTA sends the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY a response for each GET Request. After all the Gets, or the GetBulk, finish, the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY sends the requested data to the PROV_APP.

|

MTA17

MUST occur after MTA16 completion if MTA16 is performed

| N/A | +| MTA18 |

This Protocol is not defined by IPCablecom. The PROV_APP MAY use the information from MTA16 and MTA17 to determine the contents of the MTA Configuration Data file. Mechanisms for sending, storing and, possibly, creating the configuration file are outlined in MTA19.

|

MTA18

SHOULD occur after MTA15 completion unless MTA16 is performed, then it SHOULD be after MTA17 has completed

| N/A | + +**Table 1 – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv4 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|-------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| MTA19 |

SNMPv3 SET

The PROV_APP MAY create the configuration file at this point, or send a predefined one. A hash MUST be run on the contents of the configuration file. The configuration file MAY be encrypted. The hash and the encryption key (if the configuration file is encrypted) MUST be sent to the MTA. The PROV_APP MUST store the configuration file on the appropriate TFTP server.

The PROV_APP then instructs the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY to send an SNMP SET message to the MTA containing the following variables (defined in [ITU-T J.166]).

pktcMtaDevConfigFile pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash

and

pktcMtaDevProvConfigKey (This MUST NOT be included if the MTA configuration file is unencrypted).

NOTE 1 – In the case of file download using the HTTP access method, the filename MUST be URL-encoded with a URL format compliant with [IETF RFC 2616] with the exception stated below in Note 3.

NOTE 2 – In the case of file download using the TFTP access method, the filename MUST be URL-encoded with a URL format compliant with [IETF RFC 3617] with the exception stated below in Note 3.

NOTE 3 – MTA MUST accept IPv4 addresses embedded in URL encoded format with or without square brackets.

| MTA19 MUST occur after MTA18 completion | If failure per SNMP protocol, return to MTA1 | +| MTA20 |

DNS Request

If the URL-encoded access method contains a FQDN instead of an IPv4 address, the MTA MUST use the service provider network's DNS server to resolve the FQDN into an IPv4 address of either the TFTP Server or the HTTP Server.

| MTA20 MUST occur after MTA19 completion if FQDN is used | If failure per DNS protocol, return to MTA1 | +| MTA21 |

DNS Reply

DNS Response: DNS server returns the IP address against MTA20 DNS request.

| MTA21 MUST occur after MTA20 completion if FQDN is used | If failure per DNS protocol, return to MTA1 | +| MTA22 |

TFTP/HTTP Configuration file Request

The MTA MUST perform either the TFTP or HTTP protocol exchange, as specified in step MTA19, to download its configuration file. For specific details of each protocol, see [IETF RFC 3415] and [IETF RFC 3412].

|

MTA22 MUST occur:

After MTA19 if DNS resolution is not required.

After MTA21 if DNS resolution is required.

| If failure per TFTP or HTTP protocols, return to MTA1 | + +**Table 1 – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv4 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|-------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MTA23 |

TFTP/HTTP Configuration file Request

The TFTP/HTTP Server MUST send the requested configuration file to the MTA. Specific details of each protocol are found in [IETF RFC 3415] and [IETF RFC 3412]. The hash of the downloaded configuration file is calculated by the MTA and compared to the value received in step MTA19. If the hashes do not match, the MTA MUST fail this step. If encrypted, the configuration file MUST be decrypted.

Refer to clause 9.1 for MTA configuration file contents.

| MTA23 MUST occur after MTA22 completion |

If the configuration file download failed per TFTP or HTTP protocols, return to MTA1.

Otherwise, proceed to MTA24 or MTA25, and send the failed response if the MTA configuration file itself is in error.

| +| MTA24 |

SYSLOG Notification

If a SYSLOG server is configured and enabled as part of the Provisioning Process (Refer to step MTA2 for DHCP Options and ITU-T Rec. J.172, [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF-draft-eventness] for configuration using the MEM-MIB), then the MTA MUST send the voice service provider's SYSLOG a "provisioning complete" event indicating the status of the provisioning operation. This notification will include the pass-fail result of the provisioning operation. The general format of this notification is as defined in clause 5.4.3.

| MTA24 MUST occur after MTA23 completion if SYSLOG is configured | The MTA MAY retry this step before proceeding to MTA25 | +| MTA25 |

SNMP INFORM

The MTA MUST send the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY (specified in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3) an SNMP INFORM containing a "provisioning complete" notification. The receipt of the inform is acknowledged by the response message as defined in [IETF RFC 3414].

The SNMP INFORM MUST contain a "pktcMtaDevProvisioningStatus" MIB object.

NOTE 1 – At this stage, the MTA device provisioning data is sufficient to provide any minimal services as determined by the service provider (e.g., 611).

NOTE 2 – Depending on the TLV-38 configuration, there might be multiple SNMP INFORMs sent to the configured SNMP Management stations.

| MTA25 MUST occur after MTA24 if SYSLOG is used, otherwise MUST occur after MTA23 completion |

MTA MAY generate a Provisioning Failure event notification to the Service Provider's Fault Management server.

Provisioning process stops; manual interaction required.

SNMP server MUST send response to SNMP-INFORM.

| + +### 7.2.2 Embedded-MTA secure power-on initialization flow (IPv6 eCM) + +![Sequence diagram showing the eCM provisioning flow in IPv6 mode. The diagram illustrates the interaction between CM/MTA, CMTS, DOCSIS DHCP, DOCSIS TFTP, DOCSIS ToD, Prov Server, PKT DHCP, PKT DNS, PKT TFTP, MSO KDC, and SYSLOG. The flow starts with DOCSIS Initialization/Registration (CM1v6 to CM10v6) and ends with the completion of the flow.](5414f65867392f05ba0063b208eeb5e1_img.jpg) + +The diagram is a sequence diagram titled "eCM provisioning in IPv6 mode". It shows the following sequence of messages: + +- Start with DOCSIS Initialization/Registration** (highlighted in yellow) +- CM1v6: CMTS sends DHCPv6 SOLICIT (w/IPv6 CL Option Code CL\_OPTION\_ORO(1) with CL\_OPTION\_CCC) to DOCSIS DHCP. +- CM2v6: DOCSIS DHCP responds with DHCPv6 ADVERTISE (w/DHCPv6 OPTION\_VENDOR\_OPTS(17) including the CL Option Code CL\_OPTION\_CCC(122)) to CMTS. +- CM3v6: CMTS sends DHCPv6 REQUEST to DOCSIS DHCP. +- CM4v6: DOCSIS DHCP responds with DHCPv6 REPLY to CMTS. +- CM5v6: CMTS sends DOCSIS 3.0 CM config file request to DOCSIS TFTP. +- CM6v6: DOCSIS TFTP responds with DOCSIS 3.0 config file to CMTS. +- CM7v6: CMTS sends ToD Request to DOCSIS ToD. +- CM8v6: DOCSIS ToD responds with ToD Response to CMTS. +- CM9v6: CMTS sends CM registration with CMTS to DOCSIS DHCP. +- CM10v6: DOCSIS DHCP responds with CMTS Registration ACK to CMTS. +- Complete DOCSIS Initialization/Registration** (highlighted in yellow) +- After CM10v6, arrows point from CM/MTA, CMTS, DOCSIS DHCP, DOCSIS TFTP, DOCSIS ToD, Prov Server, PKT DHCP, PKT DNS, PKT TFTP, MSO KDC, and SYSLOG to the right, indicating the flow continues. + +Sequence diagram showing the eCM provisioning flow in IPv6 mode. The diagram illustrates the interaction between CM/MTA, CMTS, DOCSIS DHCP, DOCSIS TFTP, DOCSIS ToD, Prov Server, PKT DHCP, PKT DNS, PKT TFTP, MSO KDC, and SYSLOG. The flow starts with DOCSIS Initialization/Registration (CM1v6 to CM10v6) and ends with the completion of the flow. + +Figure 6a – eCM provisioning in IPv6 mode + +Table 1a – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv6 eCM) + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| NOTE – Refer to [ITU-T J.222.2] for a complete description of the eCM Provisioning Flows. This only provides IP configuration retrieval using DHCPv6. | | | | +| CM1v6 | As specified in DOCSIS, an eCM trying to obtain IP configuration information from a DHCPv6 server transmits a DHCPv6 SOLICIT message. The following requirements apply to the message:
  • – The eCM MUST include all the DHCPv6 Options required by [ITU-T J.222.2].
  • – The eCM MUST request option CL_OPTION_CCC(122) within the "CableLabs Option Request Option", CL_OPTION_ORO(1), as specified in Annex A of [ITU-T J.166].
  • – The eCM MUST include the CableLabs vendor specific options from CL_OPTION_DEVICE_TYPE(2) until CL_OPTION_VENDOR_NAME(10), inclusive, as specified in Annex A of [ITU-T J.166].
  • – The eCM MUST include CL_OPTION_DEVICE_ID(36) as specified in Annex A of [ITU-T J.166].
| Initial
MUST step in sequence | Per DOCSIS | +| CM2v6 | The DOCSIS DHCPv6 server, if it has been configured to support E-MTA devices, MUST respond with a DHCPv6 ADVERTISE message. The following requirements apply to the message:
  • – The DOCSIS DHCPv6 server MUST include all the DHCPv6 options specified in [ITU-T J.222.2].
  • – The DOCSIS DHCPv6 server MUST include the option OPTION_VENDOR_OPTS(17) containing option CL_OPTION_CCC with sub-option 1 and, possibly, sub-option 2.
| CM2v6 MUST occur after CM1v6 completion, unless two-message rapid commit message exchange is used | Per DOCSIS | + +**Table 1a – Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description (IPv6 eCM)** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| |
  • – A DOCSIS DHCPv6 server configured to prevent eMTAs from provisioning MUST include a value of 0.0.0.0 within sub-option 1 of CL_OPTION_CCC.
  • – A DOCSIS DHCPv6 server without any prior knowledge of eMTA devices MAY respond with DHCP ADVERTISE messages without the CL_OPTION_CCC option.

Refer to clause 8.1 for more information on sub-options 1 and 2.

| | | +| CM3v6 |

Upon receiving a DHCPv6 ADVERTISE by the eCM, the following requirements apply:

  • – the eCM MUST check for the requested option CL_OPTION_CCC. If it is not present, the eCM MUST exponentially retransmit the DHCPv6 SOLICIT message (CM1v5) for three attempts (e.g., in two-, four-, eight-second intervals).
  • – If the eCM does not receive any DHCPv6 ADVERTISE message with option CL_OPTION_CCC within the retry attempts, it MUST select a DHCPv6 ADVERTISE message without the option code CL_OPTION_CCC.
  • – Once a DHCPv6 ADVERTISE message has been selected, the eCM MUST send a DHCPv6 REQUEST message to indicate acceptance, as specified in [IETF RFC 3315].
|

CM3v6 MUST occur after CM2v6 completion, unless two-message rapid commit message exchange is used

| Per DOCSIS | +| CM4v6 |

The DOCSIS DHCPv6 server, upon receiving a DHCPv6 REQUEST message indicating its presence, MUST respond with a DHCPv6 REPLY message.

Upon receiving this message by an eCM, the following requirements apply:

  • – the eCM MUST check again for the presence of option CL_OPTION_CCC. If it is not present, the eCM MUST NOT initialize the MTA. If it is present and the value of sub-option 1 is not set to a value of 0.0.0.0, the eCM MUST initialize the MTA and transmit the values pertaining to the Telephony Service Provider's DHCP server information (sub-option 1 and sub-option 2). If it is present and the value of sub-option 1 is set to a value of 0.0.0.0, the eCM MUST NOT initialize the MTA.
  • – The eCM MUST treat the contents of the DHCPv6 REPLY message as authoritative over the DHCPv6 ADVERTISE message.
|

CM4v6 MUST occur after CM3v6 or CM1v6 (if rapid commit is used)

| Per DOCSIS | +| CM5v6-CM10v6 |

The eCM MUST complete the remainder of the DOCSIS specified registration sequence.

|

CM5v6-CM10v6 MUST occur after CM4v6 completion

| Per DOCSIS | +| MTA1-MTA25 |

The eMTA MUST complete the remainder of the flow as indicated in clause 7.2.1.

|

MTA1-MTA25 MUST occur after CM10v6 completion

| | + +## 7.3 Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow (Basic flow) + +The Basic MTA provisioning flow is very similar to the DOCSIS CM provisioning flow. See Figure 7 and Table 2. + +![Sequence diagram showing the Embedded-MTA basic power-on initialization flow. The diagram shows four steps: B-MTA-22 (Telephony config file request), B-MTA-23 (Telephony config file), B-MTA-24 (TA send telephony service provider SYSLOG a notification of provisioning completed (Optional)), and B-MTA-25 (Notify completion of telephony provisioning (MTA MAC address, ESN, pass/fail) - OPTIONAL). Arrows indicate the flow between CM/MTA, CM/MTS, DOCSIS DHCP, DOCSIS TFTP, DOCSIS ToD, Prov Server, PKT DHCP, PKT DNS, PKT TFTP, MSO KDC, and SYSLOG.](14252bcd35912bd656e98b16b2ee51c0_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram showing the Embedded-MTA basic power-on initialization flow. The diagram shows four steps: B-MTA-22 (Telephony config file request), B-MTA-23 (Telephony config file), B-MTA-24 (TA send telephony service provider SYSLOG a notification of provisioning completed (Optional)), and B-MTA-25 (Notify completion of telephony provisioning (MTA MAC address, ESN, pass/fail) - OPTIONAL). Arrows indicate the flow between CM/MTA, CM/MTS, DOCSIS DHCP, DOCSIS TFTP, DOCSIS ToD, Prov Server, PKT DHCP, PKT DNS, PKT TFTP, MSO KDC, and SYSLOG. + +Figure 7 – Embedded-MTA basic power-on initialization flow + +Table 2 – Embedded-MTA basic power-on initialization flow description + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA basic power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NOTE – The FQDN provided in the DHCP ACK in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3 (Provisioning Entity Address) MUST be resolved to an IP address before step B-MTA-22. | | | | +| B-MTA-22 | TFTP Configuration File Request
The MTA MUST perform a TFTP protocol exchange to download its configuration file. The 'siaddr' and 'file' fields of the DHCP ACK are used to locate the configuration file. Specific details of the TFTP protocol can be found in [IETF RFC 3415]. | B-MTA-22 MUST occur after MTA4. | If failure per TFTP protocol, return to MTA1 | +| B-MTA-23 | TFTP Configuration File Response
The TFTP server MUST send the requested configuration file to the MTA. Specific details of the TFTP protocol can be found in [IETF RFC 3415].
The downloaded configuration file MUST contain the MIB object 'pktcMtaDevConfigHash'. The MTA MUST calculate the hash of the downloaded configuration file per clause 9.1 and compare this value to the value contained in the 'pktcMtaDevConfigHash' object. If these values do not match, this step MUST fail.
Refer to clause 9.1 for MTA configuration file contents. | B-MTA-23 MUST occur after B-MTA-22 | If the configuration file download failed per TFTP protocols, return to MTA1.

Otherwise, proceed to B-MTA-24 and send the failed response if the MTA configuration file itself is in error. | +| B-MTA-24 | SYSLOG Notification
If a SYSLOG server is configured and enabled as part of the Provisioning Process (refer to step MTA2 for DHCP options and ITU-T Rec. J.172, [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF-draft-eventmess] for configuration using the MEM-MIB), then the MTA MUST send the voice service provider's SYSLOG a "provisioning complete" event indicating the status of the provisioning operation. The general format of this notification is as defined in clause 5.4.3. | B-MTA-24 MUST occur after B-MTA-23 completion if SYSLOG is configured | The MTA MAY retry this step before proceeding to B-MTA-25 | + +**Table 2 – Embedded-MTA basic power-on initialization flow description** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA basic power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| B-MTA-25 |

SNMPv2c Provisioning Status INFORM (optional)

If commanded by DHCP option 122 sub-option 6, the MTA MUST send the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY (specified in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3) an SNMP INFORM containing a "provisioning complete" notification. The receipt of the SNMP INFORM is acknowledged.

The SNMP INFORM MUST contain a "pktcMtaDevProvisioningStatus" MIB object.

The SNMPv2c community name used in the status SNMP INFORM MUST have a value "private" (taken without the quotation mark).

NOTE 1 – At this stage, the MTA device provisioning data is sufficient to provide any minimal services as determined by the service provider (e.g., 611).

NOTE 2 – Depending on the TLV-38 configuration value pairs, there might be multiple SNMP INFORMs sent to the configured SNMP Management stations.

| B-MTA-25 is optional, MAY occur after B-MTA-24 if SYSLOG is used, otherwise MAY occur after B-MTA-23 completion | Provisioning process stops; Manual interaction required. SNMP server MUST send response to SNMP-INFORM. | + +## **7.4 Embedded-MTA power-on initialization flow (Hybrid flow)** + +The Hybrid Provisioning Flow (Hybrid Flow) is essentially the Secure Flow with Kerberos exchanges removed and SNMPv2c substituted for SNMPv3. The SNMPv2c community name, used in the SNMP INFORM messages sent by the MTA in steps H-MTA-15 and H-MTA-25 below, MUST have a value "private" (taken without the quotation mark). See Figure 8 and Table 3. + +![Sequence diagram for Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow (Hybrid flow).](3e2a8dc8c5537dbe703cdcb0e21e4e1b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CM_MTA as CM/MTA + participant CMTS + participant DOCSIS_DHCP as DOCSIS DHCP + participant DOCSIS_TFTP as DOCSIS TFTP + participant DOCSIS_ToD as DOCSIS ToD + participant Prov_Server as Prov Server + participant PKT_DHCP as PKT DHCP + participant PKT_DNS as PKT DNS + participant PKT_TFTP as PKT TFTP + participant MSO_KDC as MSO KDC + participant SYSLOG + + Note over CM_MTA, Prov_Server: H-MTA-15: SNMP Inform (see table for data list) + CM_MTA->>Prov_Server: SNMP Inform + Note over CM_MTA, Prov_Server: H-MTA-16: SNMP Get Request(s) for MTA device capabilities (optional/iterative) + Prov_Server->>CM_MTA: SNMP Get Request + Note over CM_MTA, Prov_Server: H-MTA-17: SNMP Get Response(s) containing MTA device capabilities (optional/iterative) + CM_MTA->>Prov_Server: SNMP Get Response + Note over Prov_Server, PKT_TFTP: H-MTA-18: MTA config file + Prov_Server->>PKT_TFTP: MTA config file + Note over CM_MTA, Prov_Server: H-MTA-19: SNMP Set with URL encoded file download access method (TFTP or HTTP), filename, and hash + Prov_Server->>CM_MTA: SNMP Set + Note over CM_MTA, PKT_DNS: H-MTA-20: Resolve TFTP server FQDN + CM_MTA->>PKT_DNS: Resolve TFTP server FQDN + Note over CM_MTA, PKT_DNS: H-MTA-21: TFTP server IP address + PKT_DNS->>CM_MTA: TFTP server IP address + Note over CM_MTA, PKT_TFTP: H-MTA-22: Telephony config file request + CM_MTA->>PKT_TFTP: Telephony config file request + Note over CM_MTA, PKT_TFTP: H-MTA-23: Telephony config file + PKT_TFTP->>CM_MTA: Telephony config file + Note over CM_MTA, SYSLOG: H-MTA-24: MTA send telephony service provider SYSLOG a notification of provisioning completed (Optional) + CM_MTA->>SYSLOG: SYSLOG notification + Note over CM_MTA, Prov_Server: H-MTA-25: Notify completion of telephony provisioning (MTA MAC address, ESN, pass/fail) - OPTIONAL + CM_MTA->>Prov_Server: Notify completion + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow (Hybrid flow). + +**Figure 8 – Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow** + +**Table 3 – Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow description** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NOTE – The FQDN provided in the DHCP ACK in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3 (Provisioning Entity Address) MUST be resolved to an IP address before step H-MTA-15. | | | | +| H-MTA-15 |

SNMPv2c Enrolment INFORM

The MTA MUST send a SNMPv2c Enrolment INFORM to PROV_SNMP_ENTITY (specified in the DHCP option 122 sub-option 3). The SNMP INFORM MUST contain a 'PktcMtaDevProvisioningEnrollment' object as defined in [ITU-T J.166].

The PROV_SNMP_ENTITY notifies the PROV_APP that the MTA has entered the management domain.

| H-MTA-15 MUST occur after MTA4 completion | If failure per SNMP protocol, return to MTA1. SNMP server MUST send response to SNMP-INFORM. | +| H-MTA-16 |

SNMPv2c GET Request (optional)

The Provisioning Application may request additional MTA device capabilities from the MTA via SNMPv2c GET requests. This is done by having the Provisioning Application send the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY an SNMP GET request.

Iterative:

The PROV_SNMP_ENTITY sends the MTA one or more SNMPv2c GET requests to obtain any needed MTA capability information. The Provisioning Application may use a GETBulk request to obtain several pieces of information in a single message.

| H-MTA-16 is optional, can occur after H-MTA-15 completion | N/A | +| H-MTA-17 |

SNMPv2c GET Response (optional)

Iterative:

MTA sends the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY a Get Response for each Get Request.

After all the Gets, or the GetBulk, finish, the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY sends the requested data to the Provisioning Application.

| H-MTA-17 MUST occur after H-MTA-16 completion if H-MTA-16 is performed | N/A | +| H-MTA-18 |

This protocol is not defined by IPCablecom.

The Provisioning Application MAY use the information from H-MTA-15, -16, and -17 to determine the contents of the MTA configuration data file. Mechanisms for sending, storing and, possibly, creating the configuration file are outlined in H-MTA-19.

| H-MTA-18 SHOULD occur after H-MTA-15 completion unless H-MTA-16 is performed, then it SHOULD be after H-MTA-17 has completed | N/A | + +**Table 3 – Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow description** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| H-MTA-19 |

SNMPv2c Configuration File Set

The Provisioning Application MAY create the configuration file at this point, or send a predefined one. The Provisioning Application MUST calculate SHA-1 hash on the contents of the configuration file. The Provisioning Application MUST store the configuration file on the appropriate TFTP server.

The Provisioning Application then instructs the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY to send an SNMPv2c SET message to the MTA, containing the following varbindings (defined in [ITU-T J.166]):

pktcMtaDevConfigFile

pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash

Unlike the Secure Flow, the pktcMtaDevProvConfigKey MIB object MUST NOT be included. If the pktcMtaDevProvConfigKey MIB object is included, the MTA MUST return an 'inconsistent value' error (refer to [IETF RFC 3413] for more information regarding SNMP SET Responses).

NOTE 1 – In the case of file download using the HTTP access method, the filename MUST be URL-encoded with a URL format compliant with [IETF RFC 2616] with the exception stated below in Note 3.

NOTE 2 – In the case of file download using the TFTP access method, the filename MUST be URL-encoded with a URL format compliant with [IETF RFC 3617] with the exception stated below in Note 3.

NOTE 3 – MTA MUST accept IPv4 addresses embedded in URL encoded format with or without square brackets.

| H-MTA-19 MUST occur after H-MTA-18 completion | If failure per SNMP protocol, return to MTA1 | +| H-MTA-20 |

DNS Request (optional)

If the URL-encoded access method contains a FQDN instead of an IPv4 address, the MTA MUST use the service provider network's DNS server to resolve the FQDN into an IPv4 address of either the TFTP Server or the HTTP Server.

| H-MTA-20 MUST occur after H-MTA-19 completion if FQDN is used | If failure per DNS protocol, return to MTA1 | +| H-MTA-21 |

DNS Reply (optional)

DNS Response: DNS server returns the IP address against H-MTA-20 DNS request.

| H-MTA-21 MUST occur after H-MTA-20 completion if FQDN is used | If failure per DNS protocol, return to MTA1 | +| H-MTA-22 |

TFTP/HTTP Configuration file Request

The MTA MUST perform either the TFTP or HTTP protocol exchange, as specified in step H-MTA-19, to download its configuration file. For specific details of each protocol, see [IETF RFC 3415] and [IETF RFC 3412].

| H-MTA-22 MUST occur after H-MTA-19 unless FQDN is specified then MUST be after H-MTA-21. | If failure per TFTP or HTTP protocols, return to MTA1. | + +**Table 3 – Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow description** + +| Flow | Embedded-MTA hybrid power-on initialization flow description | Normal flow sequencing | MUST proceed to here if this step fails | +|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| H-MTA-23 |

TFTP/HTTP Configuration file Response

TFTP/HTTP server MUST send the requested configuration file to the MTA. Specific details of each protocol are found in [IETF RFC 3415] and [IETF RFC 3412].

The hash of the downloaded configuration file is calculated by the MTA and compared to the value received in step H-MTA-19. If the hashes do not match, this step MUST fail.

Refer to clause 9.1 for MTA configuration file contents.

| H-MTA-23 MUST occur after H-MTA-22 |

If the configuration file download failed per TFTP or HTTP protocols, return to MTA1.

Otherwise, proceed to MTA24 or MTA25, and send the failed response if the MTA configuration file itself is in error.

| +| H-MTA-24 |

SYSLOG Notification

If a SYSLOG server is configured and enabled as part of the Provisioning Process (Refer to step MTA2 for DHCP Options and ITU-T Rec. J.172, [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF-draft-eventmess] for configuration using the MEM-MIB), then the MTA MUST send the voice service provider's SYSLOG a "provisioning complete" event indicating the status of the provisioning operation. This notification will include the pass-fail result of the provisioning operation. The general format of this notification is as defined in clause 5.4.3.

| H-MTA-24 MUST occur after H-MTA-23 completion if SYSLOG is configured | The MTA MAY retry this step before proceeding to H-MTA-25 | +| H-MTA-25 |

SNMPv2c Provisioning Status Inform (optional)

If commanded by DHCP 122 sub-option 6, the MTA MUST send the PROV_SNMP_ENTITY (specified in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3) a SNMPv2C Provisioning Status INFORM containing a "provisioning complete" notification. The receipt of the inform is acknowledged.

The inform MUST contain a 'pktcMtaDevProvisioningStatus' MIB object.

NOTE 1 – At this stage, the MTA device provisioning data is sufficient to provide any minimal services as determined by the service provider (e.g., 611).

NOTE 2 – Depending on the TLV-38 configuration, there might be multiple SNMPv2c INFORM sent to the configured SNMP Management stations.

| H-MTA-25 is optional. It MAY occur after H-MTA-24 if SYSLOG is used, otherwise it MAY occur after H-MTA-23 completion | Provisioning process stops; manual interaction required. SNMP server MUST send response to SNMP-INFORM | + +## 7.5 Endpoint provisioning completion notifications + +After the MTA has been provisioned successfully regardless of the selected provisioning flow, the MTA will set up the necessary security association for the related CMS configured realms (KDCs). The MTA NCS signalling software will initiate the establishment of the IPsec security association to the configured CMS clusters. Event notifications are triggered if security associations cannot be established (based on [ITU-T J.170]). + +With the selected Basic, Hybrid, or Secure flow complete, and after any required security associations are established, the MTA NCS signalling software determines whether a signalling path can be set up with an RSIP message and the associated ACK. Coming from a link down situation, the MTA will send an SNMP Link Up Trap when the RSIP has been properly acknowledged. This indicates that the endpoint is provisioned. If the same CMS is used for multiple endpoints, a SNMP link up message will be sent for each associated endpoint. If not all endpoints use the same CMS, the same process needs to be repeated for each endpoint needing a different configured CMS. + +## **7.6 Post initialization incremental provisioning** + +This clause describes the flows allowing the Provisioning Application to perform incremental provisioning of individual voice communications endpoints after the MTA has been initialized. Post-initialization incremental provisioning MAY involve communication with a customer service representative (CSR). + +### **7.6.1 Synchronization of provisioning attributes with configuration file** + +Incremental provisioning includes adding, deleting and modifying subscriber services on one or more endpoints of the embedded-MTA. Services on an MTA endpoint MUST be modified using SNMP via the MTA MIB [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]. The back office applications SHOULD support a "flow-through" provisioning mechanism that synchronizes all device provisioning information on the embedded-MTA with the appropriate back office databases and servers. Synchronization is required in the event that provisioning information needs to be recovered in order to reinitialize the device. Although the details of the back office synchronization are beyond the scope of this Recommendation, it is expected that, at a minimum, the following information be updated: customer records and the MTA configuration file on the TFTP or HTTP server. + +### **7.6.2 Adding/Enabling telephone services on an MTA endpoint** + +The Telephony Services may be added and/or enabled on an MTA endpoint. Telephony Services may be added to MTA endpoints that have not been previously provisioned. + +Whenever such an MTA endpoint is added/enabled: + +- The MTA MUST have been provisioned with the 'device level' configuration data via the configuration file (as described in clause 9.1.1). +- The authorized SNMP Management Station MUST provision all required configuration attributes as described in clauses 9.1.3, 9.1.4 and 9.1.5 using SNMP SET operations to update the provisioning attributes on the device for the specific telephony port being enabled. + +Telephony Services may be enabled for MTA endpoints with services provisioned, but disabled (refer to clauses 7.6.3 and 9.1.1 for more details). To enable previously disabled telephony services on the MTA endpoint, an authorized SNMP Management Station MUST use appropriate SNMP SET operations to achieve both of the following: + +- Ensure that the row status MIB Object (pktcNcsEndPntConfigStatus) for the row corresponding to the endpoint is set to a value of "active (1)" (modify it appropriately if it is set to any other value). +- Ensure that the value of "ifAdminStatus" corresponding to the endpoint being enabled has a value of "up(2)" (modify it appropriately if it is set to any other value). + +When an endpoint is provisioned or enabled, the MTA MUST perform the following steps (not necessarily in this order): + +- Follow the procedures described in clause 7.1.1.2.5 of the security specification [ITU-T J.170]. +- Modify the "ifOperStatus" MIB Object according to clause 7.7. + +If "pktcMtaDevEnabled" MIB Object is set to "true (1)", the MTA MUST follow the above steps for all configured endpoints. + +It is to be noted that, given the nature of the MIB Object controlling the absence or presence of IPsec Security Associations with a Call Management Server, Endpoint Provisioning cannot be used to change the IPsec status (refer to Annex B of [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682] for more information). Thus, enabling new services with a Call Management Server whose status has not been indicated earlier (via the configuration file) will result in IPsec being enabled, upon assignment to an endpoint. + +As an example of enabling telephony services on an endpoint, consider the case where a subscriber has requested service on an endpoint that has not been previously provisioned. + +NOTE – This example assumes the service provider's account creation process has been completed, and shows only the components critical for the flows. For instance, account creation and billing database creation are assumed to be available and integrated in the back office application suite. + +![Sequence diagram showing two flows (EN-1 and EN-2) between an MTA and an SNMP Management Station. EN-1: MTA sends an 'Update endpoint service provisioning information using SNMP set(s)' message to the SNMP station. EN-2: The SNMP station sends a 'Sends Link Up Trap' message back to the MTA.](382a9c9e4816bd229191ab4591424dd8_img.jpg) + +| Flow | MTA | SNMP | +|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| EN-1 | Update endpoint service provisioning information using SNMP set(s). | | +| EN-2 | Sends Link Up Trap | | + +Sequence diagram showing two flows (EN-1 and EN-2) between an MTA and an SNMP Management Station. EN-1: MTA sends an 'Update endpoint service provisioning information using SNMP set(s)' message to the SNMP station. EN-2: The SNMP station sends a 'Sends Link Up Trap' message back to the MTA. + +J.167\_F09 + +**Figure 9 – Enabling services on an MTA endpoint** + +**Table 4 – Enabling services on an MTA endpoint flow description** + +| Flow | Enabling services on an MTA endpoint flow description | Normal flow sequencing | +|------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| EN-1 | Authorized SNMP Management Station performs required SNMP SET operations to add services on the MTA Endpoint. | If Endpoint configuration is desired, EN-1 MUST occur after successful completion of power-on initialization flow | +| EN-2 | The MTA MUST send a Link Up trap to the configured SNMP Management Stations. Refer to clause 7.7 and the IF-MIB [IETF RFC 2863] for more information. | EN-2 MUST occur after EN-1 | + +### 7.6.3 Deleting/Disabling telephony services on an MTA endpoint + +Provisioned and enabled Telephony Services can be disabled (taken out of service) or deleted if required using SNMP via the MTA MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]) and the Signaling MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 5098]) on a per-endpoint basis. + +Whenever a telephony service is desired to be deleted on an endpoint, the authorized SNMP Management Station MUST delete appropriate configuration attributes described in clauses 9.1.3, 9.1.4 and 9.1.5 using SNMP SET operations for the corresponding endpoint. + +To disable the services on an MTA endpoint, an authorized SNMP Management Station MUST use SNMP SET operations to accomplish one or more of the following conditions: + +- For the particular endpoint, modify the row status object to a value other than "active (1)" in "pktcNcsEndPntConfigTable". +- Modify the value of "ifAdminStatus" to "down (2)", for the particular endpoint. + +If the endpoint is being deleted or disabled while a call is in progress, the MTA MUST: + +- Shut down all media sessions if present. +- Shut down NCS signalling by following the Restart in Progress procedures in the IPCablecom NCS Specification [ITU-T J.162]. +- Set the pktcNcsEndPntStatusError MIB Object for the particular endpoint to the "disconnected (3)" state. + +If "pktcMtaDevEnabled" MIB Object is set to "false (2)", the MTA MUST follow the above procedure for all configured endpoints. + +As an example of disabling telephony services on an endpoint, consider the case where a subscriber has requested disabling telephony services on a previously configured endpoint. + +NOTE 1 – It is assumed that the service provider's account update process has been completed and shows only the applications critical to MTA operation. + +NOTE 2 – This example assumes the service provider's account update process has been completed and shows only the applications critical to MTA operation. + +![Sequence diagram showing two flows, DS-1 and DS-2, between an MTA and an SNMP Management Station. DS-1 involves the MTA deleting endpoint service provisioning information using an SNMP set(s). DS-2 involves the MTA sending a Link Down Trap to the SNMP Management Station.](9f862801bce82634d3b5a1e0a195a799_img.jpg) + +| Flow | MTA | SNMP | +|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| DS-1 | Delete endpoint service provisioning information using SNMP set(s). | | +| DS-2 | Sends Link Down Trap | | + +Sequence diagram showing two flows, DS-1 and DS-2, between an MTA and an SNMP Management Station. DS-1 involves the MTA deleting endpoint service provisioning information using an SNMP set(s). DS-2 involves the MTA sending a Link Down Trap to the SNMP Management Station. + +J.167\_F10 + +**Figure 10 – Disabling services on an MTA endpoint** + +**Table 5 – Disabling services on an MTA endpoint flow description** + +| Flow | Disabling services on an MTA endpoint flow description | Normal flow sequencing | +|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DS-1 | Authorized SNMP Management Station performs required SNMP SET operations to disable services on the MTA Endpoint. | DS-1 MUST occur after the endpoint is brought to enabled state either immediately after the initial provisioning or after the per-endpoint incremental provisioning. | +| DS-2 | The MTA MUST send a Link Down trap to the configured SNMP Management Stations. Refer to clause 7.7 and the IF-MIB [IETF RFC 2863] for more information. | DS-2 MUST occur after DS-1 | + +### 7.6.4 Modifying telephone services on an MTA endpoint + +Telephony Services may be modified on a currently provisioned 'MTA Endpoint'. This is accomplished using SNMP via the MTA MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]), and the Signalling MIB ([ITU-T J.166], and [IETF RFC 5098]) on a per-endpoint basis. If such a + +modification to an endpoint changes the CMS association (pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentId) and/or the port (pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallAgentUdpPort), the endpoint is treated as being taken out of service (as per clause 7.6.3), followed by placing the endpoint back in service (as per clause 7.6.2). + +The MTA MUST also follow the procedures described in clause 7.1.1.2.5 of the security specification [ITU-T J.170]. + +It is to be noted that: + +- Modification to call service features requires modifications in the CMS, not in the MTA. +- Modification to service level parameters related to the eCM component of the eMTA may require rebooting of the E-MTA. + +## 7.7 Reflecting the State of the endpoint interface in the ifTable + +The operational state of each 'MTA Endpoint' is reflected in the "ifOperStatus" MIB Object of the MTA. This is influenced by the following conditions: + +- The corresponding administrative status for the endpoint, reflected in the "ifAdminStatus" table. +- The state of the telephony service assigned to the corresponding endpoint. +- The presence or absence of the IPSec security associations on the corresponding endpoint, provided IPSec is enabled (i.e., the MIB Object "pktcMtaDevCmsIpsSecCtrl" set to a value of "true(1)" for that endpoint). + +Whenever an MTA reinitializes (following a reboot or a reset), it MUST immediately set the "ifAdminStatus" entries corresponding to all available physical endpoints to a value of 'up (1)'. However, entries in the configuration file or the SNMP Management station can change this status. The MTA MUST further reflect the above conditions in the operational status of each endpoint as explained below. + +For each entry corresponding to an endpoint in the "ifTable" MIB, the MTA MUST set the "ifOperStatus" to a value of: + +- "down(2)", if the corresponding endpoint is disabled or deleted, or the corresponding "ifAdminStatus" is set to a value of "down(2)"; +- "up(1)", if the corresponding "ifAdminStatus" has a value of "up(1)", the telephony services have been added/enabled for the particular endpoint, and IPSec is disabled with the assigned Call Management Server; +- "up(1)", if the corresponding "ifAdminStatus" has a value of "up(1)", the telephony services have been added/enabled for the particular endpoint, IPSec is enabled for the assigned Call Management Server, and the IPSec Security association has been established; +- "dormant(3)", if the corresponding "ifAdminStatus" has a value of "up(1)", the telephony services have been added/enabled for the particular endpoint, IPSec is enabled for the assigned Call Management Server, but the IPSec Security association has not been established. + +Further, the MTA MUST not set the 'ifOperStatus' to a value of 'dormant(3)' for endpoints on which IPSec is disabled. Refer to [ITU-T J.166] for more details on enabling/disabling IPSec, clause 7.6.2 for more details on adding/enabling endpoints, and clause 7.6.3 for more details on deleting/disabling endpoints. + +The MTA MUST be able to enable or disable the 'Link Up Trap' and 'Link Down Trap' by using the "ifLinkUpDownTrapEnable" MIB Object (Refer to the IF-MIB [IETF RFC 2863] for more details). + +## 7.8 Provisioning of the signalling communication path between the MTA and CMS + +All issues related to the creation and handling of the NCS Service Flows are considered to be resolved by the DOCSIS means and are out of the scope of this Recommendation. + +## 7.9 MTA replacement + +IP Cablecom has no requirement to specify MTA replacement procedures. However, the provisioning sequence flows detailed within this Recommendation provide sufficient coverage and flexibility to support replacement. In fact, the initialization sequence for a replacement MTA could be the same as the original MTA's first time initialization. Back office procedures related to migration of subscriber profiles from one MTA to another are specific to individual service provider's network operations. As a result of this wide variance, discussion of these back office procedures are beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +## 7.10 Temporary signal loss + +If the eCM (in an E-MTA) resets due to any Rf condition (for example Temporary Rf loss), then the associated IPCablecom eMTA MUST also reset. + +NOTE – This will impact calls in progress. + +## 7.11 MTA hard reboot/soft reset scenarios + +Hard Reboot is defined as a 'power cycle' of the entire E-MTA device. Soft Reset is defined as an 'SNMP reset' of the eMTA, an SNMP reset of the eCM (resulting in the reset of the associated eMTA) or an Rf condition that results in a reset of the eCM, i.e., CM1 or CM1v6 (resulting in the reset of the associated eMTA). + +The eMTA MUST NOT differentiate between a 'Hard Reboot' and a 'Soft Reset', unless explicitly specified otherwise. To be more specific, the eMTA MUST have the same initialization parameters (for example, SNMP tables) and follow any requirements regarding persistent information (e.g., NVRAM ticket storage) the same way in either scenario, unless specified otherwise. + +# 8 DHCP options + +DHCP ([IETF RFC 2131] and [IETF RFC 3315]) is used to obtain the IP configuration data for both the eCM and the eMTA. For IPv4 addressing mode, if total number of octets in any DHCP option exceeds 255 octets, then the MTA MUST follow [IETF RFC 3396] to split the DHCP message into multiple sub-messages. + +DHCP option code 122 is used to specify the IPCablecom-specific options to the eCM and eMTA components of an E-MTA. This is conveyed as option 122 within DHCPv4. For eCMs obtaining information from DHCPv6 server, this is conveyed as CL\_OPTION\_CCC(122) within the "CableLabs Option Request Option", CL\_OPTION\_ORO(1), as specified in Annex A of [ITU-T J.166]. + +## 8.1 DHCP option 122: Client configuration option + +DHCP option code 122 is the RFCed replacement for the former option 177 (which was intended as a temporary code). CM and MTA MUST NOT request option 177 in their DHCP DISCOVER or REQUEST message in option 55 (parameter request list). In the case that a CM or MTA requests both options 122 and 177: + +- The provisioning server MUST respond with DHCP option 122. +- The provisioning server MUST NOT respond with DHCP option 177. +- CM and MTA MUST treat DHCP option 122 as authoritative. + +DHCP option code 122 is used in both the CM and MTA DHCP OFFER/ACK messages to provide the addresses of valid IPCablecom network servers and various device configuration data. + +Full details of DHCP option 122 encoding can be found in [IETF RFC 3495] and [IETF RFC 3594]. + +The following clauses provide additional semantic details of each sub-option in DHCP option 122. + +**Table 6 – Server options** + +| Option | Sub-option | Description and comments | Sub-option required or optional | Default value | +|---------------|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 122 | 1 | Service Provider's Primary DHCP Server Address
Required by CM only. | Required | N/A | +| | 2 | Service Provider's Secondary DHCP Server Address
Optional requirement for CM. | Optional | Empty String | +| | 3 | Service Provider's Provisioning Entity Address | Required | N/A | +| | 4 | AS-REQ/REP Exchange Backoff and Retry for SNMPv3 Key Management | Optional | As per the following MIB Objects:
"pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout",
"pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout",
"pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries" | +| | 5 | AP-REQ/REP Kerberized Provisioning Backoff and Retry | Optional | As per the following MIB Objects:
"pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout"
"pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout"
"pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries" | +| | 6 | Kerberos Realm of SNMP Entity | Required | N/A | +| | 7 | Ticket Granting Server Usage | Optional | N/A – if MTA does not implement TGT.0 – otherwise. | +| | 8 | Provisioning Timer | Optional | As per "pktcMtaDevProvisioningTimer" MIB Object (10 minutes) | +| | 9 | Security Ticket Invalidation | Optional | 0 – apply normal ticket invalidation rules per [ITU-T J.170] | + +MTA MUST be able to retrieve and process the data from all sub-options in the above table. Provisioning Server MUST supply to the MTA all "required" sub-options and MAY supply all "optional" sub-options. + +If an "optional" sub-option is not supplied by the Provisioning Server, the MTA MUST use the default value of the sub-option. + +If the "required" sub-option is not supplied by the Provisioning Server, the MTA MUST reject the corresponding DHCP OFFER/ACK. + +If the sub-option contains wrong (invalid) value, the MTA MUST: + +- reject the corresponding DHCP OFFER/ACK in case of "required" sub-option; +- use the default value in case of "optional" sub-option. For any sub-option with multiple parameters (e.g., option 122 sub-option 4 or option 122 sub-option 5), the MTA MUST apply the corresponding default value only to the parameter (or parameters) that contains the wrong value. + +An MTA MUST ignore any other sub-option in option 122 except those listed in the above table. + +### 8.1.1 Service provider's DHCP address (sub-option 2) + +The Service Provider's DHCP Server Address identifies the DHCP servers that a DHCP OFFER will be accepted from in order to obtain an MTA-unique IP address for a given service provider's network administrative domain. + +The encoding of these sub-options is defined in [IETF RFC 3495]. + +Sub-option 1 MUST be included in the DHCP OFFER/ACK to the CM and it indicates the Primary DHCP server's IP address. The value contained in sub-option 1 MUST be a valid IP address, a value of 255.255.255.255 or a value of 0.0.0.0. The value contained in sub-option 2 MUST be a valid IP address. + +The MTA MUST follow the logic in Table 7 when defining its DHCP strategy regardless of the Provisioning Flow used: + +**Table 7 – Service provider's DHCP address (sub-option 2)** + +| Value of sub-option 1 | Value of sub-option 2 | | +|--------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Valid IP – DHCP Server is Responding | Valid IP – DHCP is not responding | +| Valid IP – DHCP Server is Responding | MTA MUST accept DHCP OFFERs coming only from the IP Address in the sub-option 1. | MTA MUST accept DHCP OFFERs coming only from the IP Address in the sub-option 1. | +| Valid IP – DHCP is NOT responding | MTA MUST try exponentially at least three times before accepting the DHCP OFFER coming from the DHCP Server pointed out by sub-option 2. | MTA MUST return to MTA1 step. | +| 255.255.255.255 | MTA MUST select the OFFERs according to the logic of [IETF RFC 2131]. Value in the sub-option 2 MUST be ignored. | MTA MUST select the OFFERs according to the logic of [IETF RFC 2131]. Value in the sub-option 2 MUST be ignored. | +| 0.0.0.0 | MTA MUST stop all provisioning attempts as well as all other activities. | MTA MUST stop all provisioning attempts as well as all other activities. | + +### **8.1.2 Service provider's provisioning entity address (sub-option 3)** + +The Service Provider's Provisioning Entity Address is the network address of the provisioning server for a given voice service provider's network administrative domain. + +The encoding of this sub-option is defined in [IETF RFC 3495]. This address MUST be configured as an FQDN only. + +An FQDN value of 0.0.0.0 in sub-option 3 of a valid MTA DHCP OFFER/ACK specifies that the MTA MUST shut down and not try to provision unless it is reinitialized by the CM. This is explained in step MTA2 of the provisioning flow process of clause 7.2. + +The Service Provider's provisioning Entity Address component MUST be capable of accepting SNMP traps. + +Sub-option 3 MUST be included in the DHCP OFFER to the MTA. + +### **8.1.3 AS-REQ/REP exchange backoff and retry for SNMPv3 key management (sub-option 4)** + +The MTA MUST use the DHCP option 122 sub-option 4, if supplied in Secure Flow only. AS-REQ/REP exchange backoff and retry mechanism of the Kerberized SNMPv3 key negotiation defined in [ITU-T J.170] is controlled by the values delivered in this sub-option or by the default values of the corresponding MIB objects in the Realm Table if this sub-option is not present in the DHCP Option 122. + +The encoding of this sub-option is defined in [IETF RFC 3495]. + +The sub-option's nominal timeout value corresponds to the: +pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout MIB object in the pktcMtaDevRealmTable. + +The sub-option's maximum timeout value corresponds to the: +pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout MIB object in the pktcMtaDevRealmTable. + +The sub-option's max retry count corresponds to the pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries MIB object in the pktcMtaDevRealmTable. + +An MTA MUST be able to retrieve the above parameters from this sub-option, if they are supplied by the Provisioning Server. + +Provisioning Server MAY provision an MTA with the above parameters using this sub-option. + +If any of the values defined in this sub-option are "FFFFFFFF" (hexadecimal), then the default value of the corresponding column from the Realm Table MUST be used. + +### **8.1.4 AP-REQ/REP kerberized provisioning backoff and retry (sub-option 5)** + +The MTA MUST use the DHCP option 122 sub-option 5, if supplied in Secure Flow only. AP-REQ/REP backoff and retry mechanism of the Kerberized SNMPv3 key negotiation defined in the security specification [ITU-T J.170] is controlled by the values delivered by this sub-option. + +The encoding of this sub-option is defined in [IETF RFC 3495]. + +The sub-option's nominal timeout value corresponds to the: +pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout MIB object. + +The sub-option's maximum timeout value corresponds to the: +pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout MIB object. + +The sub-option's max retry count corresponds to the pktcMtaDevProvUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries MIB object. + +An MTA MUST be able to retrieve the above parameters from this sub-option, if they are supplied by the Provisioning Server. + +Provisioning Server MAY provision an MTA with the above parameters using this sub-option. + +If any of the values defined in this sub-option are "FFFFFFFF" (hexadecimal), then the default value of the corresponding MIB Object MUST be used. + +### 8.1.5 Kerberos realm of SNMP Entity (sub-option 6) + +In conjunction with the Provisioning Entity Address, the Kerberos Realm is used as a means of contacting a SNMP Entity in the provisioning realm. The realm name is used to perform a DNS SRV lookup for the realm's KDC. + +The DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 MUST be included in the DHCP OFFER to the MTA. For the Secure Flow, the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 MUST only contain the realm name in the format of FQDN (type = 0 as per [IETF RFC 3495]). + +The MTA MUST select the corresponding Provisioning Flow as per Table 8 (the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 content comparison is case-sensitive and MUST be in all capital letters). + +**Table 8 – MTA device provisioning flow selection** + +| Content of the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 | MTA device provisioning flow selection | +|---------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| BASIC.1 | If the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 value is BASIC.1, the MTA MUST execute the Basic flow without the provisioning complete SNMP INFORM. | +| BASIC.2 | If the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 value is BASIC.2, the MTA MUST execute the Basic flow with the provisioning complete SNMP INFORM. | +| HYBRID.1 | If the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 value is HYBRID.1, the MTA MUST execute the Hybrid flow without the provisioning complete SNMP INFORM. | +| HYBRID.2 | If the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 value is HYBRID.2, the MTA MUST execute the Hybrid flow with the provisioning complete SNMP INFORM. | + +The MTA MUST use the Secure Flow if any other value is provided in the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6. For Secure Flow, the encoding of the DHCP option 122 sub-option 6 is defined in [IETF RFC 3495]. + +#### 8.1.5.1 SNMPv3 key establishment + +The SNMPv3 Key Establishment is applicable for Secure Flow only. The AP Request/AP Reply described in Figure 6, the accompanying flow description and the security specification are used by the MTA in the initial provisioning phase to establish keys with the SNMPv3 USM User "MTA-Prov-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx", where xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx represents the MAC address of the MTA and MUST be uppercase. The MTA MUST instantiate this user in the USM MIB described in [IETF RFC 3414], with the ability to be keyed using the IPCablecom Kerberized key management method described in the security specification. SNMPv3 authentication is required and privacy is optional. For the list of allowed SNMPv3 authentication and privacy algorithms, see [ITU-T J.170]. + +Additionally, the usmUserSecurityName MUST be set to the string "MTA-Prov-xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx" (quotation marks not included), where xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx represents the MAC address of the MTA and MUST be uppercase. This ensures a unique usmUserSecurityName is created for each MTA. + +The MTA must first obtain a service ticket for the provisioning realm as described in step MTA9. USM key management is performed over UDP, as specified in [ITU-T J.170]. The SNMPv3 keys are established prior to any SNMPv3 communication and therefore SNMPv3 messages MUST be authenticated at all times (with privacy being optional). The MTA MUST use the USM user created above in the initial INFORM. + +### **8.1.6 Ticket granting server usage (sub-option 7)** + +The MTA MUST use the DHCP option 122 sub-option 7 if supplied for the provisioning kerberized key management in Secure Flow only. This sub-option contains a Boolean, which when true, indicates that the MTA SHOULD get its TGT (ticket granting ticket). + +Sub-option 7 MAY be included in the DHCP OFFER/ACK to the MTA. + +The encoding of this sub-option is defined in [IETF RFC 3495]. + +### **8.1.7 Provisioning timer (sub-option 8)** + +Sub-option 8 defines the value to be used for the provisioning timer. Sub-option 8 MAY be included in the DHCP OFFER/ACK to the MTA. + +The encoding of this sub-option is defined in [IETF RFC 3495]. + +### **8.1.8 Security ticket invalidation (sub-option 9)** + +Sub-option 9 contains a bit mask that directs the MTA to invalidate specific application server security tickets. Sub-option 9 MAY be included in the DHCP OFFER/ACK to the MTA. The encoding of this sub-option is defined in [IETF RFC 3594]. + +## **8.2 DHCP option 60: Vendor-client identifier** + +Option code 60 contains a string identifying Capabilities of the MTA. The MTA MUST send the following ASCII Coded String in DHCP option code 60: "pktc1.0:xxxxxx", where xxxxxx MUST be an ASCII representation of the hexadecimal encoding of the MTA TLV Encoded Capabilities, as defined in clause 10. + +## **8.3 DHCP options 12 and 15** + +MTA FQDN MUST be sent to the E-MTA in option 12 and option 15. Option 12 MUST contain "Host Name" part of the FQDN, and option 15 MUST contain "Domain Name" part of the FQDN. + +For example, if MTA FQDN is "mta1.pclab.com", then option 12 must contain "mta1" and option 15 must contain "pclab.com". + +## **8.4 DHCP option 6** + +DHCP option 6 MUST be used to provide the MTA with its list of DNS server addresses. Option 6 MUST contain at least one DNS server address. Option 6 MAY contain a secondary DNS server address. If this option contains more than two DNS servers, the MTA MUST use the first two addresses. + +## **8.5 DHCP option 43** + +The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 in the DHCP DISCOVER and DHCP REQUEST for the Secure, Hybrid and Basic Flows. + +DHCP option 43 contains the number of sub-options defined to provide the MTA device specific information to the back-office systems. The DHCP option 43 sub-options 1 through 10, 31 and 32 are specified by IPCablecom, sub-options 11-30 are reserved for the IPCable2Home Recommendations (ITU-T J.19x-series), sub-options 33 through 50 are reserved for IPCablecom, sub-options 51 through 127 are reserved for future standardized use, and sub-options 128 and above are reserved for vendor use. The IPCablecom DHCP option 43 sub-options MUST be present in the format of "Encapsulated vendor-specific extensions" [IETF RFC 2132]. + +Table 9 contains the sub-options of the DHCP option 43, which the MTA MUST use. The MTA MUST send all required sub-options listed in the table below unless explicitly stated otherwise. If + +the total number of octets in all DHCP option 43 sub-options exceeds 255 octets, the MTA MUST follow [IETF RFC 3396] to split the option into multiple smaller options. + +**Table 9 – DHCP option 43 syntax** + +| MTA DHCP option 43 sub-options | Required/ Not used in option 43 | Value | Description | +|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Sub-option 1 | Not Used | | The request sub-option vector is a list of sub-options (within option 43) to be returned to client by the server upon reply to the request. None defined. The DHCP option 43 sub-option 1 MUST NOT be used by the MTA, and if present, it MUST be ignored by the Provisioning Server. | +| Sub-option 2 | R | | The sub-option 2 contains the device type of the component making the DHCP request. The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 2.
For IPCablecom MTAs, the allowable device types are:
– "EMTA" – for E-MTAs
– "SMTA" – for S-MTAs | +| Sub-option 3 | Not Used | | The sub-option 3 contains a colon separated list of all components in the eDOCSIS device. It is used by the eDOCSIS eCM device.
The DHCP option 43 sub-option 3 MUST NOT be sent by the MTA, and if present, it MUST be ignored by the Provisioning Server. | +| Sub-option 4 | R | | The sub-option 4 contains the device serial number represented as an ASCII string.
The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 4. The DHCP option 43 sub-option 4 value MUST be identical to the value of the pktcMtaDevSerialNumber MIB Object. | +| Sub-option 5 | R | | The sub-option 5 contains the hardware version number represented as an ASCII string.
The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 5. The DHCP option 43 sub-option 5 MUST be identical to the value of the Hardware version number as in field in the MIB-II object sysDescr. | +| Sub-option 6 | R | | The sub-option 6 contains the software version number represented as an ASCII string.
The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 6. The DHCP option 43 sub-option 6 value MUST be identical to the value of the pktcMtaDevSwCurrentVers MIB object. | + +**Table 9 – DHCP option 43 syntax** + +| MTA DHCP option 43 sub-options | Required/ Not used in option 43 | Value | Description | +|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Sub-option 7 | R | |

The sub-option 7 contains the Boot ROM Version represented as an ASCII string.

The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 7.

The DHCP option 43 sub-option 7 value MUST be identical to the <Boot ROM version> field in MIB-II object sysDescr.

| +| Sub-option 8 | R | |

The sub-option 8 contains the Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI) represented as a hexadecimal-encoded 3-byte octet string. It MAY match the OUI in the MTA MAC address.

The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 8.

If omitted, the Provisioning Server SHOULD use the MTA MAC address as the MTA OUI.

| +| Sub-option 9 | R | |

The sub-option 9 contains the MTA Device Model Number represented as an ASCII string.

The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 9.

The DHCP option 43 sub-option 9 value MUST be identical to <Model Number> field in the MIB-II object sysDescr.

| +| Sub-option 10 | R | |

The sub-option 10 contains the Vendor Name represented as an ASCII string.

The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 10. The DHCP option 43 sub-option 10 value MUST be identical to <Vendor Name> field in the MIB-II object sysDescr.

| +| Sub-options 11-30 | | | Reserved for CableHome | +| Sub-option 31 | R | |

The sub-option 31 contains the MTA MAC Address encoded as a 6-byte octet string.

The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 31. The DHCP option 43 sub-option 31 value MUST be identical to the content of the pktcMtaDevMacAddress MIB object.

| + +**Table 9 – DHCP option 43 syntax** + +| MTA DHCP option 43 sub-options | Required/ Not used in option 43 | Value | Description | +|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Sub-option 32 | R | |

The sub-option 32 contains the Correlation ID number encoded as 4-byte INTEGER in the network order.

The MTA MUST send the DHCP option 43 sub-option 32.

The DHCP option 43 sub-option 32 value MUST be identical to the content of the pktcMtaDevCorrelationId MIB object.

| +| Sub-options 33-50 | | | Reserved for IPCablecom. | +| Sub-options 51 to 127 | | | Reserved for CableLabs. | +| Sub-options 128 to 254 | | | Reserved for vendors. | + +## 8.6 DHCP option 1 + +DHCP option 1 is defined in [IETF RFC 2132]. + +## 8.7 DHCP option 3 + +DHCP option 3 is defined in [IETF RFC 2132]. + +## 8.8 DHCP OPTION CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION + +The Provisioning Server can provide the option 'CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION' within the DHCP OFFER and ACK messages to indicate preference of the MIB module for MTAs implementing both the IPCablecom and IETF MIBs. The following requirements apply: + +- if it is not provided the MTA MUST assume a value of 0x01 (CableLabs); +- if 'CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION' is set to a value of 0x01, the MTA MUST use the CableLabs issued MIB modules specified in clause 10.23.2 for provisioning flows (for example, MTA1 through MTA25 for the secure provisioning flow) and default values for all the MIB Objects; +- if 'CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION' is set to a value of 0x02, the MTA MUST use the IETF issued MIB modules specified in clause 10.23.3, if implemented, for provisioning flows (for example, MTA1 through MTA25 for the secure provisioning flow) and default values for all the MIB Objects; +- irrespective of the preference indicated within: 'CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION', the Provisioning Server MAY use any MIB environment supported by the MTA (as specified in clause 10.23); +- while providing the configuration file information (for example, MTA19), the Provisioning Server MUST use the MIB environment used by the MTA while requesting the configuration file (for example, MTA15), irrespective of the value provided in 'CL\_V4\_PACKETCABLE\_MIB\_ENV\_OPTION'. + +# 9 MTA provisionable attributes + +This clause includes the list of attributes and their associated properties used in device provisioning. All of the provisionable attributes specified in this clause MAY be updated via the MTA configuration data file, or on a per-attribute basis using SNMP. + +IP Cablecom requires that an MTA configuration data file MUST be provided to all embedded-MTAs during the registration sequence. Endpoint voice services do not have to be enabled at the time of device initialization. MTA device level configuration data MUST be provisioned during initialization. These items are contained in clause 9.1.1. + +The MTA configuration data URL generated by the Provisioning Application MUST be less than 255 bytes in length and cannot be NULL. Since this filename is provided to the MTA by the Provisioning Application during the registration sequence, it is not necessary to specify a file-naming convention. + +## 9.1 MTA configuration file + +This clause explains the format and contents of an MTA configuration file. This file contains a series of "type length and value" (TLV) parameters. Each TLV parameter in the configuration file describes an MTA or endpoint attribute. The configuration data file includes TLVs that have read-write, read-only, and no MIB access. Unless specifically indicated, all MIB-accessible configuration file parameters MUST be defined using DOCSIS TLV type 11, the IP Cablecom type 64, or IP Cablecom TLV type 38. TLV-64 is an IP Cablecom defined TLV where the length value is 2 bytes long instead of the 1 byte for DOCSIS TLV type 11. The TLV type 64 MUST be used when the length is greater than 254 bytes. If desired, vendor-specific information may be added to the configuration file using the vendor-specific TLV-43. This TLV has been specified by the DOCSIS specification (ITU-T Rec. J.112). Vendors MUST NOT provision vendor-specific information using TLV type 11 or 64. TLV-38 is an IP Cablecom defined TLV, analogous to TLV-38 used by DOCSIS and IP Cable2Home. The MTA MUST be able to process the TLVs given in Table 10: + +**Table 10 – MTA configuration file** + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| 11 | n, where n is 1 byte | variable binding | +| 64 | m, where m is 2 bytes | variable binding | +| 38 | n, where n is 1 byte | Composite (Contains sub TLVs) | +| 254 | 1 byte | 0x01 for beginning of the file and 0xFF for the end of the file | +| NOTE – The use of TLV type 11 rather than TLV-64 is recommended wherever possible. | | | + +In the future, new TLVs introduced in IP Cablecom must have a "length field" size of 2 bytes. + +The VarBind is encoded in ASN.1 Basic Encoding Rules, just as it would be if part of an SNMP Set request. + +The MTA configuration file MUST start with the "telephony configuration file start" tag and MUST end with the "telephony configuration file end" tag. These tags enable the MTA TLV parameters to be distinguished from DOCSIS TLV parameters. These tags also provide deterministic indications for start and stop of the MTA configuration file. + +The MTA configuration file MUST contain the attributes identified as "required" in the Device Level Configuration Data table, which appears in clause 9.1.1; failing which, the MTA MUST reject the configuration file and take the necessary steps as defined in clause 7.2 (failure of step MTA23 due to 'Configuration file error'). The MTA configuration file MAY contain any of the non-required attributes which appear in the Device Level Configuration Data table. If the configuration file does + +not contain required attributes, it MUST be rejected. The MTA configuration file MUST be sent to the embedded-MTA every time this device is powered on. + +The Device Level Service Data MAY be sent to the MTA as part of the MTA configuration file or it MAY be sent to the MTA using SNMP. If included in the configuration file, it MUST contain all of attributes identified as 'required' in the Device Level service data, if any. The MTA configuration file MAY additionally contain any of the non-required attributes that appear in the Device Level Service Data table. + +If voice services are required on the MTA on any endpoint, the following MUST be done: + +- 1) pktcMtaDevEnabled MUST be set to TRUE; +- 2) per endpoint configuration data MUST be supplied either through the MTA configuration file (during provisioning) or through endpoint provisioning (using SNMP) in the post-provisioning phase. + +The Endpoint details, when included, MUST contain the attributes identified as "required" in the Per-Endpoint Configuration Data table, which appears in clause 9.1.3. The MTA configuration file MAY contain any of the non-required attributes which appear in the Per-Endpoint Configuration Data table in clause 9.1.3. The Per-Endpoint Configuration Data MUST be sent to the MTA when voice communications service is activated. + +It is to be noted that the Device Level Service Data and Per-Endpoint Configuration Data MAY also be sent to the MTA via incremental provisioning, using SNMP. The MTA MUST support incremental provisioning. + +The MTA MUST be able to process all TLV-11 and TLV-64 values with variable bindings containing all MIB objects defined in [ITU-T J.166], unless stated otherwise. + +The Device Level Configuration data parameter 'pktcMtaDevEnabled' is used to actually enable or disable voice services on an MTA. + +Refer to clause 7.6.1 for a discussion concerning synchronization of provisioning attributes with back office systems. + +For the Secure and Hybrid Provisioning Flows, the MTA MUST authenticate the configuration file according to IPCablecom security specification [ITU-T J.170]; the MTA MUST reject the configuration file if the configuration file authentication fails and take the necessary steps as defined in clause 7.2 for the Secure Flow and clause 7.4 for the Hybrid Flow. If the configuration file contains the MIB object 'pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash' in the Secure Flow or the Hybrid Flow, the MTA MUST ignore the value of this MIB object and proceed with further processing of the configuration file and report passWithWarnings and populate the Error OID table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable). + +For the Basic Flow, the Provisioning Server and the MTA MUST support the configuration file data verification process as described below: + +- 1) When the Provisioning Server creates a new MTA Configuration File or modifies an existing one, to be served for an MTA intended to go through the Basic Flow, it MUST calculate a SHA-1 hash value of the contents of the entire MTA Configuration File including start and end markers, taken as a byte string. +- 2) The Provisioning Server MUST add the hash value, calculated in Step 1 to the MTA Configuration File as a TLV-11 triplet corresponding to the 'pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash' MIB Object. The Provisioning Server MUST insert the TLV-11 triplet before the Configuration file end-marker. The Provisioning Server MUST NOT change the order of the TLVs in the configuration file after the hash has been calculated. The MTA Configuration File is then made available to the MTA through the appropriate TFTP/HTTP server. + +- 3) Upon receiving the configuration file, the MTA MUST do the following: If the MIB object 'pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash' is absent, the MTA MUST reject the configuration file and MUST report 'failOtherReason'. + +If the MIB object 'pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash' is present, then the MTA MUST: + +- a) Calculate SHA-1 over the contents of the file without TLV-11 triplet containing the 'pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash' and MUST populate the calculated value into 'pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash' MIB object. The MTA must maintain the order of the TLVs for the hash calculation to be correct. +- b) If the computed hash and the value of the 'pktcMtaDevProvConfigHash' MIB object are the same, the MTA Configuration File integrity is verified and the MTA MUST accept the configuration file for further processing; otherwise, the MTA MUST reject the Configuration File and the MTA MUST report 'failOtherReason'. + +The MTA must also check for errors in the configuration file. As described above, errors in any of the mandatory parameters MUST be treated as an error in the configuration file and appropriate steps taken (failure of step MTA23 due to 'Configuration file error'). + +If there are errors in the non-required OIDs then the MTA MUST accept the configuration file, but report the same in the status (MTA25). + +If the Configuration file contains per-cms data and per-endpoint parameters related to CMSs which are not associated to endpoints, an MTA MUST NOT establish SAs till an endpoint gets associated with that particular CMS (either using SNMP or via NCS redirection). + +The MTA MUST report the state of the configuration file it received in the 'Provisioning complete Inform' (step MTA25 in the provisioning process) as given below: + +- If the configuration file could be parsed successfully and the MTA is able to reflect the same in its MIB, it must return: 'pass'. +- If the configuration file was in error due to incorrect values in the mandatory parameters, the MTA MUST reject the configuration file and return: 'failConfigFileError'. +- It MUST also populate 'pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable' with the parameter containing the incorrect value and MAY also populate it with other OID errors/warnings if it parsed the file completely. +- If the configuration file had proper values for all the mandatory parameters but has errors in any of the optional parameters (this includes any vendor-specific OIDs which are incorrect or not known to the MTA), it must return: 'passWithWarnings'. +- It MUST also populate 'pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable' with a list of all the parameters which were rejected and the reason for the same. The MTA MUST also use the default values for all such parameters, unless they were overridden by some other means like DHCP, in which case it must use the overridden values. +- If the configuration file is proper, but the MTA cannot reflect the same in its MIB (for example, too many entries leading to memory exhaustion), it MUST accept details related to the CMSs associated with the endpoints and return: 'passWithIncompleteParsing'. +- It MUST also populate 'pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable' with a list of all the parameters which cannot be reflected in the MIB. +- If the configuration file cannot be parsed due to an internal error, it must return 'failureInternalError'. It SHOULD try to populate 'pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable' for parameters which lead to failure. +- If the configuration file contains overlapping MIB Object references from multiple MIB environments (for example, CableLabs and IETF), the MTA MUST use the preference provided via DHCP, if such a preference is provided and supported by the MTA (see + +clause 8.8). In the absence of any preference via DHCP, the MTA MUST use the last recognized occurrence (vendor specific) of such objects in the configuration file. The MTA MUST also indicate any rejected configuration file entries as warnings (provisioning state 'passWithWarnings', unless other conditions exist) and populate the error OIDs table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable). + +- If the MTA cannot accept the configuration file for any reason other than the one stated above, it must return 'failureOtherReason'. It SHOULD try to populate 'pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable' for parameters, which lead to the failure. + +The MTA Configuration File MUST contain Per-Realm Configuration Data. In the case of the Secure Provisioning Flow, per-Realm Configuration Data MUST contain at least the data for the Provisioning Realm that is identified in DHCP option 122, sub-option 6. + +In the case of the Secure Provisioning Flow, after receiving the MTA Configuration File, an MTA MUST validate the following: + +- "pktcMtaDevRealmName" MIB Object of the Realm Table MUST be the same as the Realm Name supplied to the MTA in DHCP option 122, sub-option 6. +- "pktcMtaDevRealmOrgName" MIB Object of the Realm Table MUST be the same as the "Organization Name" attribute in the Service Provider Certificate. +- Encryption and Authentication of the MTA Configuration File as per [ITU-T J.170]. + +An MTA MUST treat any of the above validation failures as failure of the MTA23 Provisioning Flow and the MTA MUST discard the Configuration File. + +If the MTA encounters a vendor-specific TLV-43 with a vendor ID that the MTA does not recognize as its own, the MTA must ignore the TLV-43 and the MTA MUST continue to process the configuration file. If the MTA detects the presence of an unrecognized TLV (TLV type other than TLV-11, TLV-43, TLV-64, TLV-38, or TLV-254), the MTA MUST ignore the TLV assuming the length field of the unrecognized TLV is 2 bytes and proceed with further processing. The MTA MUST report a provisioning state of 'passWithWarnings' and populate the error OID table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable) if it detects the presence of an unrecognized TLV. If the MTA encounters an unrecognized variable binding in a TLV-11 or TLV-64, it MUST ignore this binding, MUST report a provisioning state of 'passWithWarnings' and populate the error OID table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable). It is strongly recommended for the vendors to give serious considerations to backward compatibility issues when modifying existing or introducing new sub-TLVs for TLV-43. + +The MTA MUST attempt to accept configuration file that contains valid set of per-realm and per-CMS configuration data identified in clauses 9.1.4 and 9.1.5, even if the MTA endpoints are not associated with the CMS in the per-CMS configuration data. + +IPCablecom MIB objects in MTA-MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]), Signaling-MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 5098]) and Event-MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF draft-eventmess]) of type RowStatus MUST NOT be included in the MTA configuration file. If any IPCablecom MIB objects (MTA MIB, Signaling MIB and Event MIB) of type 'RowStatus' are included in the configuration file, the MTA MUST ignore the value supplied in any RowStatus object, report a 'passWithWarnings' and populate the MIB table 'pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable' appropriately. Regardless of the action taken by the MTA, it MUST properly populate the Error OIDs table with the RowStatus OID. Non-IPCablecom MIB objects type RowStatus can be present or absent in the MTA configuration file and MTA MUST process these objects according to the corresponding RFCs for the particular MIB objects (for example SNMPv2c table). + +IPCablecom MIB object pktcEnMtaDevMltplGrantsPerInterval if included in the configuration file is set to enable multiple grants per interval (MGPI) functionality and if the MTA does not support + +this functionality, then the MTA MUST ignore the object and report 'PassWithWarnings' and populate the ErrorOidsTable. + +### 9.1.1 Device level configuration data + +Refer to the MTA MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]) for more detailed information concerning these attributes and their default values (see Table 11). + +- The MTA Manufacturer Certificate validates the MTA Device Certificate. + +**Table 11 – Device level configuration** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Configuration access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | Comments | +|-----------------------------------|------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Telephony Config File Start | Integer | W, required | None | N/A | N/A | Type      Length      Value
254            1            1
The MTA config file MUST start with this attribute. | +| Telephony Config File End | Integer | W, required | None | N/A | N/A | Type      Length      Value
254            1            255
This MUST be the last attribute in the MTA config file. | +| Telephony MTA Admin State | ENUM | W, required | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDev Enabled | Used to enable/disable all telephony ports on the MTA. Applies to the MTA side of the embedded-MTA or the entire stand-alone MTA. Allows blanket management of all telephony ports (external interfaces) on the device. The state of the MTA is controlled by this MIB Object. For more information about this object, refer to the MTA MIB [ITU-T J.166]. | +| Realm Organization Name | String | W, Required
(Secure Provisioning Flow)
W, Optional
(Basic and Hybrid Provisioning Flows) | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDev RealmOrg Name | The value of the X.500 name organization name attribute in the subject name of the service provider certificate. | +| Solicited Key Timeout | Integer | W, optional | R/W | N/A | pktcMtaDev ProvSolicitdKey Timeout | This timeout applies only when the Provisioning Server initiated key management (with a Wake Up message) for SNMPv3. It is the period during which the MTA will save a nonce (inside the sequence number field) from the sent out AP Request and wait for the matching AP Reply from the Provisioning Server. Since there is a default value, this is optional. | +| Reset Kerberos ticket information | Integer 32 | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDev ResetKrb Tickets | Security Specification [ITU-T J.170] allows the Kerberos tickets associated with any of the application server (Provisioning Server or CMS) to be stored in the MTA NVRAM until ticket expiry. In order to control the invalidation of the tickets stored in NVRAM, this MIB attribute is used to communicate the required action to the MTA. Upon receiving this attribute in the config file, an MTA MUST take the specified action. Refer to [ITU-T J.166] for | + +**Table 11 – Device level configuration** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Configuration access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | Comments | +|-----------|--------|----------------------|-------------|----------|--------|-------------------| +| | | | | | | more information. | + +### 9.1.2 Device level service data + +Refer to the MTA MIB [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682], the NCS MIB [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 5098] the NCS Call Signalling specification [ITU-T J.162] and [IETF RFC 2475] for more detailed information concerning these attributes and their default values (see Table 12). + +**Table 12 – Device level service** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Configuration access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | pkteDevEvSyslog comments | +|-----------------------------------|-----------------------|----------------------|-------------|--------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NCS Default Call Signalling TOS | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pkteSigDef CallSigTos | The default value used in the IP header for setting the TOS value for NCS call signalling. | +| NCS Default Media Stream TOS | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pkteSigDef MediaStream Tos | The default value used in the IP header for setting the TOS value for NCS media stream packets. | +| MTA UDP receive port used for NCS | Integer (1025..65535) | W, optional | R/O | MTA Signalling MIB | pkteSigDef NcsReceive UdpPort | This object contains the MTA User Datagram Protocol Receive Port that is used for NCS call signalling. This object should only be changed by the configuration file. | +| NCS TOS Format Selector | ENUM | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pkteSigTos FormatSelector | The format of the default NCS signalling and media TOS values.
Allowed values are "IPv4 TOS octet" or "DSCP codepoint". Refer to [IETF RFC 2475]. | +| R0 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pkteSigDev R0Cadence | User-defined field where each bit represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence.
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| R6 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pkteSigDev R6Cadence | User-defined bit field where each bit represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence.
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | + +**Table 12 – Device level service** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Configuration access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | pktcDevEvSyslog comments | +|------------|-----------|----------------------|-------------|--------------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| R7 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev R7Cadence | User-defined bit field where each bit represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence.
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| R1 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev R1Cadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| R2 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev R2Cadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| R3 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev R3Cadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| R4 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev R4Cadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | + +**Table 12 – Device level service** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Configuration access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | pktcDevEvSyslog comments | +|------------|-----------|----------------------|-------------|--------------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| R5 cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev R5Cadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| Rg cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev RgCadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1= active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| Rt cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev RtCadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | +| Rs cadence | Bit-field | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcSigDev RsCadence | User-defined field where each bit (least significant bit) represents a duration of 100 ms (6 s total)
1 = active ringing, 0 = silence
64 bits are used for representation; MSB 60 bits for ring cadence. Bit 61 is used to represent repeatable (when set to ZERO) and non-repeatable (when set to ONE). Other three bits are reserved for future use, and currently set to 000. | + +### **9.1.3 Per-endpoint configuration data** + +Refer to the NCS MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 5098]), the NCS specification [ITU-T J.162], the security specification [ITU-T J.170] and the MTA MIB ([ITU-T Rec. J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]) for more detailed information concerning these attributes and their default values (see Table 13). + +- MTA sends KDC the MTA/CMS certificate, MTA's FQDN, CMS-ID. The KDC returns the MTA a "Kerberos Ticket" that says "this MTA is assigned to this CMS". +- The Telephony Service Provider Certificate validates the MTA Telephony Certificate. +- If two different endpoints share the same Kerberos Realm and the same CMS FQDN, then these four attributes **MUST** be identical: PKINIT grace period, KDC name list, MTA telephony certificate, telephony service provider certificate. + +**Table 13 – Per-endpoint configuration** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Configuration access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | Comments | +|---------------------------------|---------|----------------------|-------------|------------------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Port Admin State | ENUM | W, optional | R/W | IF-MIB [IETF RFC 2863] | ifAdmin Status | The administrative state of the port the operator can access to either enable or disable service to the port. The administrative state can be used to disable access to the user port without de-provisioning the subscriber. Allowed values for this attribute are:
up(1) or down(2).
For SNMP access, ifAdminStatus is found in the ifTable of MIB-II. | +| Call Management Server Name | String | W, required | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig CallAgentId | This attribute is a string indicating the name of the CMS assigned to the endpoint. The call agent name after the character '@' MUST be a fully qualified domain name and MUST have a corresponding conceptual row in the pktcMtaDevCmsTable. DNS support is assumed to support multiple CMSs as described in the NCS spec. [ITU-T J.162]. | +| Call Management Server UDP Port | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig CallAgentUdpPort | UDP port for the CMS. | +| Partial dial time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig PartialDialTO | Time-out value in seconds for partial dial time-out. | +| Critical dial time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig CriticalDialTO | Time-out value in seconds for critical dial time-out. | +| Busy tone time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig BusyToneTO | Time-out value in seconds for busy tone. | +| Dial tone time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig DialToneTO | Time-out value in seconds for dial tone. | +| Message waiting time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig MessageWaitingTO | Time-out value in seconds for message waiting. | +| Off-hook warning time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig OffHookWarnToneTO | Time-out value in seconds for off-hook warning. | +| Ringing time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig RingingTO | Time-out value in seconds for ringing. | +| Ringback time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig RingBackTO | Time-out value in seconds for ringback. | +| Reorder tone time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEnd PntConfig ReorderToneTO | Time-out value in seconds for reorder tone. | + +**Table 13 – Per-endpoint configuration** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Configuration access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | Comments | +|-------------------------|---------|----------------------|-------------|------------------------|------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Stutter dial time-out | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigStutterDialToneTO | Time-out value in seconds for stutter dial tone. | +| TS Max | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigTSMax | Contains the maximum time in seconds since the sending of the initial datagram. | +| Max1 | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1 | The suspicious error threshold for each endpoint retransmission. | +| Max2 | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2 | The disconnect error threshold per endpoint retransmission. | +| Max1 Queue Enable | Enum | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax1QEnable | Enables/disables the Max1 DNS query operation when Max1 expires. | +| Max2 Queue Enable | Enum | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigMax2QEnable | Enables/disables the Max2 DNS query operation when Max2 expires. | +| MWD | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigMWD | Number of seconds to wait to restart after a restart is received. | +| Tdinit | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdinit | Number of seconds to wait after a disconnect. | +| TDMin | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmin | Minimum number of seconds to wait after a disconnect. | +| TDMax | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigTdmax | Maximum number of seconds to wait after a disconnect. | +| RTO Max | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoMax | Maximum number of seconds for the retransmission timer. | +| RTO Init | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigRtoInit | Initial value for the retransmission timer. | +| Long Duration Keepalive | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigLongDurationKeepAlive | Time-out in minutes for sending long duration call notification messages. | +| Thist | Integer | W | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigThist | The time-out period in seconds before no response is declared. | +| Call Waiting Max Reps | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Signalling MIB | pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingMaxRep | This object contains the maximum number of repetitions of the call waiting that the MTA will play from a single CMS request. A value of zero (0) will be used when the CMS invokes any play repetition. | +| Call Waiting Delay | Integer | W, optional | R/W | IF-MIB (IETF RFC 2863) | pktcNcsEndPntConfigCallWaitingDelay | This object contains the delay between repetitions of the call waiting that the MTA will play from a single CMS request. | + +### **9.1.4 Per-realm configuration data** + +Refer to the MTA MIB [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682] for more detailed information concerning these attributes and their default values. Refer to the security Recommendation [ITU-T J.170] for more information on the use of Kerberos realms. There MUST be at least one conceptual row in the pktcMtaDevRealmTable to establish service upon completion of configuration. These configuration parameters are optional in the config file, but if included the config file MUST contain at least one Realm name to permit proper instantiation of the table. There may be more than one set of entries if multiple realms are supported. + +**Table 14 – Per-realm configuration data** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | Comments | +|------------------------------------|---------|-------------|-------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Pkinit Grace Period | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevRealmPkinitGracePeriod | For the purpose of IPSec key management with a CMS, the MTA MUST obtain a new Kerberos ticket (with a PKINIT exchange), many minutes before the old ticket expires. The minimum allowable value is 15 min. The default is 30 min. This parameter MAY also be used with other Kerberized applications. | +| TGS Grace Period | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevRealmTgsGracePeriod | When the MTA implementation uses TGS Request/TGS Reply Kerberos messages for the purpose of IPSec key management with the CMS, the MTA MUST obtain a new service ticket for the CMS (with a TGS request), many minutes before the old ticket expires. The minimum allowable value is 1 min. The default is 10 min. This parameter MAY also be used with other Kerberized applications. | +| Realm Org Name | Integer | W, required | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevRealmOrgName | The value of the X.500 organization name attribute in the subject name of the Service provider certificate. | +| Unsolicited Keying max Timeout | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxTimeout | This timeout applies only when the MTA initiated key management. The maximum timeout is the value which may not be exceeded in the exponential backoff algorithm. | +| Unsolicited Keying Nominal Timeout | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyNomTimeout | This timeout applies only when the MTA initiated key management. Typically this is the average roundtrip time between the MTA and the KDC. | +| Unsolicited Keying Max Retries | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevRealmUnsolicitedKeyMaxRetries | This is the maximum number of retries before the MTA gives up attempting to establish a Security Association. | + +### 9.1.5 Per-CMS configuration data + +Refer to the MTA MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]) for more detailed information concerning these attributes and their default values. There MUST be at least one conceptual row in the pktcDevCmsTable to establish service upon completion of configuration. These configuration parameters are optional in the config file, but if included the config file MUST identify at least one CMS and its corresponding Kerberos Realm Name. There may be more than one set of entries if multiple CMSs are supported. + +As per [ITU-T J.170], the IPSec signalling security must be controlled by the Operator depending on the deployment and operational conditions. As the IPSec Security Association is established between the MTA and the CMS, the IPSec enabling/disabling control should also be on a per CMS basis. Enabling/Disabling of the IPSec Signalling Security MUST be defined only by the information in the MTA's Configuration File when the file is being downloaded, and the enable/disable toggling MUST be done only as a result of the MTA Reset. + +For more details on the MIB Object controlling the IPSec enabling/disabling, refer to the MTA MIB ([ITU-T J.166] and [IETF RFC 4682]). + +**Table 15 – Per-CMS configuration data** + +| Attribute | Syntax | Access | SNMP access | MIB file | Object | Comments | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|--------------------|-------------|----------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Kerberos Realm Name | String | W, required (Note) | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevCmsKerbRealm Name | The name for the associated Kerberos Realm. This is the corresponding Kerberos Realm Name in the Per Realm Configuration Data. | +| CMS Maximum Clock Skew | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevCmsMaxClockSkew | This is the maximum allowable clock skew between the MTA and CMS. | +| CMS Solicited Key Timeout | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevCmsSolicitedKey Timeout | This timeout applies only when the CMS initiated key management (with a Wake Up or Rekey message). It is the period during which the MTA will save a nonce (inside the sequence number field) from the sent out AP Request and wait for the matching AP Reply from the CMS. | +| Unsolicited Key Max Timeout | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicited KeyMaxTimeout | This timeout applies only when the MTA initiated key management. The maximum timeout is the value which may not be exceeded in the exponential backoff algorithm. | +| Unsolicited Key Nominal Timeout | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicited KeyNomTimeout | This timeout applies only when the MTA initiated key management. Typically this is the average roundtrip time between the MTA and the CMS. | +| Unsolicited Key Max Retries | Integer | W, optional | R/W | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevCmsUnsolicited KeyMaxRetries | This is the maximum number of retries before the MTA gives up attempting to establish a security association. | +| IPSec Control | Integer | W, optional | R/O | MTA Device MIB | pktcMtaDevCmsIpsecCtrl | IPSec Control for each CMS: controls the IPSec establishment and IPSec related Key Management. | +| NOTE – If any data from the Per-CMS Data Table is included in the config file, this entry MUST be included. | | | | | | | + +### 9.1.6 Exclusion of MIB objects in configuration file + +The following MIB objects MUST NOT be sent in the configuration file since the values of these objects can be either set only by the MTA or by DHCP options during provisioning. If an MTA receives the following MIB objects in its configuration file, the MTA MUST ignore the object and report "passWithWarnings" and populate the Error OIDs Table. + +- PktcMtaDevSnmpEntity +- PktcMtaDevProvKerbRealmName +- PktcMtaDevFqdn +- PktcMtaDevSerialNumber +- PktcMtaDevMacAddress +- PktcMtaDevEndPntCount +- PktcMtaDevTypeIdentifier +- PktcEnNcsEndPntQuarantineState +- PktcEnNcsEndPntHookState +- pktcEnEndPntInfoTable +- pktcDevEventDescrEnterprise +- pktcDevEventDescrFacility +- pktcDevEventDescrText +- pktcDevEvLogIndex +- pktcDevEvLogTime +- pktcDevEvLogLevel +- pktcDevEvLogId +- pktcDevEvLogText +- pktcDevEvLogEndpointName +- pktcDevEvLogType +- pktcDevEvLogTargetInfo +- pktcDevEvLogCorrelationId +- pktcMtaDevProvConfigKey + +NOTE – For Syslog entries, specifically the MIB Objects "pktcDevEvSyslogAddressType" and "pktcDevEvSyslogAddress", the MTA MUST validate the 'type' provided (or stored) with the provided (or stored) 'Syslog Address' – if they are inconsistent, it MUST ignore any such entries in the configuration file, report a 'passWithWarnings' and populate the Error OIDs Table. + +# 10 MTA device capabilities + +MTA Capabilities string is supplied to the Provisioning Server in Option code 60 (Vendor Class Identifier) – to allow the Back-Office to differentiate between MTAs during the Provisioning Process. Use of Capabilities information by the Provisioning Application is optional. + +Capabilities string is encoded as an ASCII string containing the Capabilities information in Type/Length/Value (TLV) Format. + +For example, the ASCII encoding of the first two TLVs (IPCablecom Version 1.0 and Number of Telephony Endpoints = 2) of an MTA would be 05nn0101020102. Note that many more TLVs are required for IPCablecom MTA, and the field "nn" will contain the length of all the TLVs. This example shows only two TLVs for simplicity. + +The "value" field describes the capabilities of a particular modem, i.e., implementation dependent limits on the particular features or number of features, which the modem can support. It is composed from a number of encapsulated TLV fields. The encapsulated sub-types define the specific capabilities for the MTA. Note that the sub-type fields defined are only valid within the encapsulated capabilities configuration setting string. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|-------| +| 5 | n | | + +The set of possible encapsulated fields is described below. + +MTA MUST Send Capabilities String in option 60 of the DHCP DISCOVER request. + +## 10.1 IPCablecom version + +This TLV MUST be supplied in the Capabilities String. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|-----------------|---------------| +| 5.1 | 1 | 0 | PacketCable 1.0 | NONE | +| | | 1 | PacketCable 1.5 | | + +## 10.2 Number of telephony endpoints + +This TLV of sub-type 5.2 (Number of telephony Endpoints) MUST be supplied in the Capabilities String. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default | +|------|--------|-------|---------------------|---------| +| 5.2 | 1 | n | Number of endpoints | NONE | + +## 10.3 TGT support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.3 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.4 HTTP download file access method support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.4 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.5 MTA24 event SYSLOG notification support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.5 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.6 NCS service flow support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-----------|----------|---------------| +| 5.6 | 1 | Undefined | Reserved | Undefined | + +Sub-type 5.6, which was previously used to indicate support for NCS Service Flow functionality, is currently undefined and reserved for future usage. + +## 10.7 Primary line support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.7 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.8 Vendor specific TLV Type(s) + +This TLV can be supplied in the Capabilities String if an MTA requires a specific processing of the Vendor Specific TLV Type(s). + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|----------------|-------------------|---------------| +| 5.8 | n | {seq-of-bytes} | One type per byte | 43 | + +Sub-type 5.8 which was previously used to indicate vendor specific TLV support by MTAs is currently obsolete, and the sub-type (5.8) is reserved for future usage. This MUST not be used by MTAs. + +## 10.9 NVRAM ticket/Ticket information storage support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.9 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.10 Provisioning event reporting support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.10 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.11 Supported CODEC(s) + +This TLV MUST be supplied in the Capabilities String. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|----------------|-----------------|---------------| +| 5.11 | n | {seq-of-bytes} | One ID per byte | NONE | + +CODEC ID is the value represented by the Enumerated Type of "PktcCodecType" TEXTUAL CONVENTION in MTA MIB: + +- 1: other; +- 2: unknown; +- 3: G.729; +- 4: reserved; +- 5: G.729E; +- 6: PCMU; +- 7: G.726-32; +- 8: G.728; +- 9: PCMA; +- 10: G.726-16; +- 11: G.726-24; +- 12: G.726-40; +- 13: iLBC; +- 14: BV16; +- 15: telephone-event. + +Telephone-event represents [IETF RFC 2833] DTMF events. For more information, refer to ITU-T Rec. J.161. + +## 10.12 Silence suppression support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.12 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.13 Echo cancellation support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.13 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.14 RSVP support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-----------|---------------------------|---------------| +| 5.14 | 1 | Undefined | Reserved for future usage | Undefined | + +Sub-Type 5.14 which was previously used to indicate RSVP support is currently undefined and reserved for future usage. + +## 10.15 UGS-AD support + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.15 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.16 MTA's "ifIndex" starting number in "ifTable" + +This TLV contains the value of the "ifIndex" for the first MTA Telephony Interface in "ifTable" MIB Table. The TLV MUST be supplied in the Capabilities String. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------------------|---------------| +| 5.16 | 1 | n | first MTA Interface | 9 | + +## 10.17 Provisioning flow logging support + +This capability is set to a corresponding value depending on the support of the logging capability of the Provisioning Flow (as per clause 5.4.3). + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.17 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.18 Supported provisioning flows + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.18 (Supported Provisioning flows) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the provisioning flows the MTA supports (Basic, Hybrid and Secure). It contains a bitmask indicating all the provisioning flows supported by the MTA. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|------------|-----------|---------------| +| 5.18 | 2 | {bit-mask} | See below | NONE | + +The Value field is an unsigned 16-bit integer encoded in network byte order. Each bit represents a specific provisioning flow. If a bit is set to 1, the MTA supports the corresponding flow. If a bit is set to 0 (zero), the MTA does not support the flow. + +Bit assignments: + +Bit 0 – Secure Flow (Full Secure Provisioning Flow) + +Bit 1 – Hybrid Flow + +Bit 2 – Basic Flow + +The MTA MUST set all unused bits in the bitmask to 0. The MTA MUST set bit 0 in the TLV to 1 to indicate that it supports the Secure Flow. The MTA MUST set bits 1 and 2 in the TLV to indicate whether it supports the Basic and Hybrid Flows. An example: if an MTA supports Secure and Basic Provisioning Flows, the integer value of the mask is 0x0005, and the capability will be encoded in option 60 as the following sequence of octets (in HEX notation): 12 02 00 05. + +To provide backward compatibility prior to the introduction of the Basic & Hybrid Flows, the absence of this TLV indicates that the MTA only supports the Secure Flow. + +## 10.19 T38 version support + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.19 (T38 Version Support) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the version of T.38 the MTA supports. For more details, refer to ITU-T Rec. J.161. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|------------------|---------------| +| 5.19 | 1 | 0 | 0: Unsupported: | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Version Zero | | +| | | 2 | 2: Version One | | +| | | 3 | 3: Version Two | | +| | | 4 | 4: Version Three | | + +## 10.20 T38 error correction support + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.20 (T38 Error Correction Support) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the type of error correction the MTA supports for T.38. For more details, refer to ITU-T Rec. J.161. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------------|---------------| +| 5.20 | 1 | 0 | 0: None | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Redundancy | | +| | | 2 | 2: FEC | | + +If you support FEC, it means you also support Redundancy. For more information, refer to ITU-T Rec. J.161. + +## 10.21 RFC 2833 DTMF support + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.21 (RFC 2833 DTMF Support) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the support for RFC 2833 DTMF relay. For more details, refer to ITU-T Rec. J.161. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.21 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.22 Voice metrics support + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.22 (Voice Metrics Support) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the support for voice metrics as defined in [IETF RFC 3611]. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.22 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.23 Device MIB support + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.23 (Device MIB support) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the various MIBs supported by the MTA. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|----------------|---------------------------------------------|---------------| +| 5.23 | n | {seq-of-bytes} | MIB Support encoded as 'length-value' pairs | NONE | + +The 'length-value' pairs are defined as follows: + +[L1] [OCTET-1] [OCTET-2][OCTET-3] ...[OCTET-L1], + +[L2] [OCTET-1] [OCTET-2][OCTET-3] ...[OCTET-L2] + +(And other Length-Value pairs as deemed appropriate) + +Where: + +'L1' and 'L2' denote lengths. + +The first OCTET (OCTET-1) always represents the MIB issuing organization (Example, CableLabs, IETF, etc.). + +The remaining OCTETS are always placed in network-byte order to form a bit string where each bit represents a particular MIB. Setting a bit (to a value of 1) indicates support for the representative MIB and unsetting a bit (to a value of 0) indicates absence of support for the representative MIB. + +MTAs MUST NOT use any 'reserved assignments' unless defined by IPCablecom or assigned as 'vendor specific'. + +### 10.23.1 Issuing organization assignments + +OCTET-1 of the 'length-value' pair indicates the MIB issuing organization and the assignments are as follows: + +| Assignment | Organization indicator | +|------------|------------------------| +| 0 | CableLabs | +| 1 | IETF | +| 2 | EuroCableLabs | +| 3-9 | *reserved* | +| 10-63 | *vendor-specific* | + +NOTE – The higher order two bits of OCTET-1 are reserved allowing for 64 possibilities. + +### 10.23.2 Representing CableLabs MIBs + +For CableLabs issued MIBs (OCTET-1 = 0), the bit mask is defined as follows: + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------| +| Bit 0 | PacketCable 1.5 MTA MIB. | +| Bit 1 | PacketCable 1.5 Signalling MIB. | +| Bit 2 | PacketCable 1.5 Management Event MIB. | +| Bit 3 | PacketCable 1.5 MTA Extension MIB. | +| Bit 4 | PacketCable 1.5 Signalling Extension MIB. | +| Bit 5 | PacketCable 1.5 MEM Extension MIB. | +| Bit 6 | *reserved* | +| Bit 7 | *reserved* | + +Where the bits are placed as follows: + +7   6   5   4   3   2   1   0 + +Given only one octet is used currently for the bit mask, the length for this length-value pair MUST be two (one each for the Organization Indicator and the bit mask, respectively). + +### 10.23.3 Representing IETF MIBs + +For MIBs represented as IETF RFCs (OCTET-1 = 1), the bit mask is defined as follows: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------| +| Bit 0 | MTA MIB. | +| Bit 1 | Signalling MIB. | +| Bit 2 | Management Event MIB. | +| Bit 3 | *reserved* | +| Bit 4 | *reserved* | +| Bit 5 | *reserved* | +| Bit 6 | *reserved* | +| Bit 7 | *reserved* | + +Given only one octet is used currently for the bit mask, the length for this length-value pair MUST be two (One each for the Organization Indicator and the bit mask, respectively). + +#### Example + +For an MTA that supports all defined IETF MIBs (MTA, Signalling and MEM) and all defined IPCablecom 1.5 extension MIBs (MTA extension, Signalling extension and MEM extension), this sub-option would be encoded (in Hex) as follows (taken as a snapshot of option 60): + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----|-----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-----|-----| +| ... | ... | 17 | 06 | 02 | 00 | 38 | 02 | 01 | 07 | ... | ... | +|-----|-----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-----|-----| + +NOTE – As of this writing, only one of the proposed IETF drafts has received the status of RFC and this reference has been used only as an example. + +## 10.24 Multiple grants per interval support + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.24 (Multiple Grants Per Interval Support) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the support for Multiple Grants per interval. For more details, refer to ITU-T Rec. J.163. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.24 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 0 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +## 10.25 V.152 Support + +An MTA MUST include this TLV of sub-type 5.25 (V.152 Support) in the Capabilities String. This TLV indicates the support for V.152. + +| Type | Length | Value | Comment | Default Value | +|------|--------|-------|---------|---------------| +| 5.25 | 1 | 0 | 0: No | 1 | +| | | 1 | 1: Yes | | + +# 11 TLV-38 SNMP notification receiver specification + +This IPCablecom TLV-38 specifies one or more Network Management Stations that must receive notifications from the MTA (MTA25 or H-MTA-25 or B-MTA-25 and post-provisioning, if required). If TLV-38 and its sub-TLVs defined in this clause contain incorrect value in 'Length' field, the MTA MUST reject the configuration file and report a "failConfigFile" error. If TLV-38 contains sub-types with wrong values, then the MTA MUST follow the requirements specified below in each sub-TLV. + +In addition, if the MTA encounters unknown sub-TLVs within TLV-38, it MUST: + +- Assume the length field size of 1 byte for the sub-TLV; +- Ignore the sub-TLV and continue with further processing; and +- Report a provisioning state of 'passWithWarnings' and populate Error Oid Table. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|-------------------------------| +| 38 | N | Composite (contains sub-TLVs) | + +Unless specified or configured otherwise, the MTA MUST send the notifications to the default provisioning system (defined in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3). + +## 11.1 Sub-TLVs of TLV-38 + +### 11.1.1 SNMP notification receiver IP address + +This sub-TLV specifies the IP address of the notification receiver. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|--------------------------------------------------| +| 38.1 | 4 | 4 bytes of an IPv4 address in network byte order | + +If TLV-38 is present in the configuration file and the sub-TLV 38.1 is absent, the MTA MUST ignore TLV-38 and proceed with further processing of the configuration file and MUST report a provisioning state of 'passWithWarnings' and populate the error OID table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable). + +### 11.1.2 SNMP notification receiver UDP port number + +This sub-TLV specifies the Port number on the notification receiver to receive the notifications. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|-----------------| +| 38.2 | 2 | UDP Port Number | + +If TLV-38 is present and the sub-TLV 38.2 is absent, then a default value of 162 MUST be used. + +### 11.1.3 SNMP notification receiver type + +This sub-TLV specifies the SNMP Notification Receiver Type; it is the type of SNMP notifications the MTA MUST send to the associated SNMP Notification Receiver. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 38.3 | 2 | 1: SNMPv1 trap in an SNMPv1 packet
2: SNMPv2c trap in an SNMPv2c packet
3: SNMP INFORM in an SNMPv2c packet
4: SNMP trap in an SNMPv3 packet
5: SNMP INFORM in a SNMPv3 packet | + +If TLV-38 is present in the configuration file but sub-TLV 38.3 is absent, the MTA MUST ignore the entire TLV-38 and proceed with further processing of the configuration file and MUST report 'passWithWarnings' and populate the Error OID table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable). The MTA and Provisioning Server MUST support notification type values 2 and 3, and MAY support notification type values 1, 4 or 5 from the above table. If an unsupported or invalid notification type value is received, the MTA MUST ignore the entire TLV-38 that contains this entry and MUST report 'passWithWarnings' and populate the error OID table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable). If the notification types of 4 or 5 are used in the Basic or Hybrid provisioning flows, SNMPv3 communication is assumed to be implemented as per SNMPv3 recommendations and is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### 11.1.4 SNMP notification receiver timeout + +This sub-TLV specifies the wait time before a retry is attempted when the sender of an SNMP INFORM fails to receive an acknowledgement. Note that the number of retries is defined in sub-TLV 38.5. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|----------------------| +| 38.4 | 2 | Time in milliseconds | + +If TLV-38 is present in the configuration file and the sub-TLV 38.4 is absent, the MTA MUST assume a default value of 15000 milliseconds. This corresponds to the default value of 1500 hundredths of a second defined for the snmpTargetAddrTimeout MIB object (see [IETF RFC 3413]). + +### 11.1.5 SNMP notification receiver retries + +This sub-TLV specifies the maximum number of times the MTA MUST retry sending an SNMP INFORM message if an acknowledgement is not received. Note that the wait time before each retry is defined by sub-TLV 38.4. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|-------------------| +| 38.5 | 2 | Number of retries | + +If not present, the MTA MUST use a default value of 3. The maximum number of retries that can be specified is 255. + +### 11.1.6 SNMP notification receiver filtering parameters + +This sub-TLV specifies the filtering scheme for notifications and contains the root OID of the MIB sub-tree that defines the notifications to be sent to the Notification Receiver. The MTA MUST filter notifications being sent to the SNMP manager specified in sub-TLV 38.1 using the information + +provided. If this sub-TLV is not present, the MTA MUST use the default OID value for the 'iso' root. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|---------------------------------------------------| +| 38.6 | n | Filter OID
(ASN.1 formatted Object Identifier) | + +The encoding of this TLV value field starts with the ASN.1 Universal type 6 (Object Identifier) followed by the ASN.1 length field and is terminated by the ASN.1 encoded object identifier component. + +### 11.1.7 SNMPv3 notification receiver security name + +This sub-TLV specifies the SNMPv3 Security Name to use when sending an SNMPv3 Notification. This sub-TLV is only being used if MTA supports sub-TLV 38.3 (Notification Receiver Type) types 4 and 5. The MTA MUST ignore this sub-TLV 38.7 if a Notification Receiver Type (sub-TLV 38.3) other than 4 or 5 is received in the configuration file. + +The following requirements apply to MTAs that support Notification Receiver Type values of 4 or 5 in sub-TLV 38.3: + +- If this sub-TLV 38.7 is omitted, then the SNMPv3 Notifications MUST be sent in the noAuthNoPriv security level using the security name "@mtaconfig". +- If this sub-TLV is included, the MTA verifies that the value of the Security Name exists for the MTA local authoritative SNMP engine and creates an entry to further associate with the notification receiver authoritative engine (using the security levels and keys from the existing Security Name). If the Security Name of this sub-TLV does not exist for the local engine, the entire TLV-38 MUST be ignored and the MTA MUST report 'passWithWarnings' and populate the Error OID table (pktcMtaDevErrorOidsTable) for the entire TLV-38 and associated sub-TLVs that are ignored. + +| Type | Length | Value | +|------|--------|---------------| +| 38.7 | 2-26 | Security Name | + +## 11.2 Mapping of TLV fields into SNMP tables + +The following clauses detail the MTA configuration file TLV-38 "PacketCable SNMP Notification Receiver" mapping onto SNMP functional tables. + +Upon receiving each TLV-38 value, the MTA MUST make entries to the following tables in order to cause the desired SNMP TRAP or INFORM transmission: snmpNotifyTable, snmpTargetAddrTable, snmpTargetAddrExtTable, snmpTargetParamsTable, snmpNotifyFilterProfileTable, snmpNotifyFilterTable, snmpCommunityTable, usmUserTable, vacmSecurityToGroupTable, vacmAccessTable, and vacmViewTreeFamilyTable. An MTA MUST support a minimum of ten TLV-38 elements in a configuration file. + +### 11.2.1 Mapping of TLV fields into created SNMP table rows + +The tables in this clause show how the fields from the Configuration file TLV element (the tags in angle brackets <>) are placed into the SNMP tables. + +The correspondence between the tags and the sub-TLVs themselves is as shown below: + +| | | +|--------------|----------| +| | TLV 38.1 | +| | TLV 38.2 | +| | TLV 38.3 | + + TLV 38.4 + TLV 38.5 + TLV 38.6 + TLV 38.7 + +The creation of rows with column values or indices containing the suffix "n" in the tables below indicates that these entries are created with the (n – 1)th TLV-38 found in the MTA configuration file. + +#### 11.2.1.1 snmpNotifyTable + +If TLV-38 elements are present and irrespective of the number of elements, the MTA MUST create two rows with fixed values as described in Table 16. + +**Table 16 – snmpNotifyTable** + +| snmpNotifyTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-
NOTIFICATION-MIB)
| First row | Second row | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|-------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | +| * snmpNotifyName | "@mtaconfig_inform" | "@mtaconfig_trap" | +| snmpNotifyTag | "@mtaconfig_inform" | "@mtaconfig_trap" | +| snmpNotifyType | inform (2) | trap (1) | +| snmpNotifyStorageType | Volatile | Volatile | +| snmpNotifyRowStatus | active (1) | active (1) | + +#### 11.2.1.2 snmpTargetAddrTable + +For each TLV-38 element in the configuration file, the MTA MUST create one row according to Table 17. + +**Table 17 – snmpTargetAddrTable** + +| snmpTargetAddrTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-TARGET-MIB)
| New row | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetAddrName | "@mtaconfig_n" Where n ranges from 0 to m – 1 where m is the number of notification receiver TLV elements in the Configuration file | +| snmpTargetAddrTDomain | snmpUDPDomain = snmpDomains.1 | +| snmpTargetAddrTAddress
(IP Address and UDP Port of
the Notification Receiver) | OCTET STRING (6)
Octets 1-4:
Octets 5-6: | +| snmpTargetAddrTimeout | from the TLV | +| snmpTargetAddrRetryCount | from the TLV | +| snmpTargetAddrTagList | If = 2
"@mtaconfig_trap"
Else If = 3
"@mtaconfig_inform" | + +**Table 17 – snmpTargetAddrTable** + +| snmpTargetAddrTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-TARGET-MIB)
| New row | +|------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------| +| snmpTargetAddrParams | "@mtaconfig_n" (Same as snmpTargetAddrName value) | +| snmpTargetAddrStorageType | Volatile | +| snmpTargetAddrRowStatus | active (1) | + +#### **11.2.1.3 snmpTargetAddrExtTable** + +For each TLV-38 element in the configuration file, the MTA MUST create one row according to Table 18. + +**Table 18 – snmpTargetAddrExtTable** + +| snmpTargetAddrExtTable
(RFC 3584, SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB)
| New row | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetAddrName | "@mtaconfig_n" Where n ranges from 0 to m – 1 where m is the number of notification receiver TLV elements in the Configuration file | +| snmpTargetAddrTMask | | +| snmpTargetAddrMMS | 0 | + +#### **11.2.1.4 snmpTargetParamsTable** + +For each TLV-38 element in the configuration file, the MTA MUST create one row according to Table 19. + +**Table 19 – snmpTargetParamsTable** + +| snmpTargetParamsTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-TARGET-MIB)
| New row | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetParamsName | "@mtaconfig_n" Where n ranges from 0 to m – 1 where m is the number of notification receiver TLV elements in the Configuration file | +| snmpTargetParamsMPModel
SYNTAX:
snmpMessageProcessingModel | SNMPv2c (1) | +| snmpTargetParamsSecurityModel
SYNTAX: snmpSecurityModel | SNMPv2c (2)
NOTE – The mapping of SNMP protocol types to value here is different from snmpTargetParamsMPModel | +| snmpTargetParamsSecurityName | "@mtaconfig" | +| snmpTargetParamsSecurityLevel | NoAuthNoPriv | +| snmpTargetParamsStorageType | Volatile | +| snmpTargetParamsRowStatus | active (1) | + +#### 11.2.1.5 snmpNotifyFilterProfileTable + +For each TLV-38 element in the configuration file with non-zero value of TLV-38 sub-type 6, the MTA MUST create one row according to Table 20. + +**Table 20 – snmpNotifyFilterProfileTable** + +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-NOTIFICATION-MIB)
| New row | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetParamsName | "@mtaconfig_n" Where n ranges from 0 to m – 1 where m is the number of notification receiver TLV elements in the Configuration file | +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileName | "@mtaconfig_n" Where n ranges from 0 to m – 1 where m is the number of notification receiver TLV elements in the Configuration file | +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileStorageType | volatile | +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileRowStatus | active (1) | + +#### 11.2.1.6 snmpNotifyFilterTable + +For each TLV-38 element in the configuration file with non-zero value of TLV-38 sub-type 6, the MTA MUST create one row according to Table 21. + +**Table 21 – snmpNotifyFilterTable** + +| snmpNotifyFilterTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-NOTIFICATION-MIB)
| New row | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpNotifyFilterProfileName | "@mtaconfig_n" Where n ranges from 0 to m – 1 where m is the number of notification receiver TLV elements in the Configuration file | +| * snmpNotifyFilterSubtree | from the TLV | +| snmpNotifyFilterMask | | +| snmpNotifyFilterType | included (1) | +| snmpNotifyFilterStorageType | Volatile | +| snmpNotifyFilterRowStatus | active (1) | + +#### 11.2.1.7 snmpCommunityTable + +If TLV-38 elements are present and irrespective of the number of elements, the MTA MUST create one row with fixed values as described in Table 22. + +**Table 22 – snmpCommunityTable** + +| snmpCommunityTable
(RFC 3584, SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB)
| First row | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpCommunityIndex | "@mtaconfig" | +| snmpCommunityName | "public" | +| snmpCommunitySecurityName | "@mtaconfig" | +| snmpCommunityContextEngineID | | +| snmpCommunityContextName | | +| snmpCommunityTransportTag | | +| snmpCommunityStorageType | Volatile | +| snmpCommunityStatus | active (1) | + +#### 11.2.1.8 usmUserTable + +The usmUserTable is defined in [IETF RFC 3414]. The entries in the table specify the user name on the remote notification receiver to which notification is to be sent. Rows in usmUserTable are created in two different ways when (sub-TLV 38.3) values 4 and 5 are supported by the MTA and is included in TLV-38. + +- If (TLV-38.7) is not included, irrespective of the number of TLV-38 elements in the configuration file, the MTA MUST create one entry row with fixed values as described by the first column ("Static row") in Table 23. +- If (TLV-38.7) is included, the MTA MUST create additional entry rows as described by the second column ("Other Rows") in Table 23. In this case, the creation of additional rows in usmUserTable occurs each time the engine ID of a notification receiver needs to be discovered (see [IETF RFC 3414] for more details). + +**Table 23 – usmUserTable** + +| usmUserTable
(RFC 3414,
SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB)
| Static row
Case 1
| Other rows
Case 2
| +|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | +| * usmUserEngineID | 0x00, create a new row on each time the EngineID of the Authoritative Notification Receiver is discovered. | 0x00, create a new row on each time the EngineID of the Authoritative Notification Receiver is discovered. | +| usmUserName | "@mtaconfig". | When other rows are created, this is replaced with the field from the TLV element. | +| usmUserSecurityName | "@mtaconfig" | When other rows are created, this is replaced with the field from the TLV element. | +| usmUserCloneFrom | (zerodotZero)
This row is not created by cloning mechanism | (zerodotZero)
This row is not created by cloning mechanism. | + +**Table 23 – usmUserTable** + +| usmUserTable
(RFC 3414,
SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB)
| Static row
Case 1
| Other rows
Case 2
| +|----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| usmUserAuthProtocol | None
(usmNoAuthProtocol) | When other rows are created, this is replaced with none (usmNoAuthProtocol), or MD5 (usmHMACMD5AuthProtocol), or SHA (usmHMACSHAAuthProtocol) depending on the security level of the SNMPv3 user. | +| usmUserAuthKeyChange | Empty | Empty | +| usmUserOwnAuthKeyChange | Empty | Empty | +| usmUserPrivProtocol | Case 1:
none (usmNoPrivProtocol) | When other rows are created this is replaced with none (usmNoPrivProtocol) or DES (usmDESPrivProtocol), depending on the security level of the SNMPv3 user. | +| usmUserPrivKeyChange | Empty | Empty | +| usmUserOwnPrivKeyChange | Empty | Empty | +| usmUserPublic | Empty | Empty | +| usmUserStorageType | volatile (2) | volatile (2) | +| usmUserStatus | active (1) | Active (1) | + +#### **11.2.1.9 vacmSecurityToGroupTable** + +If TLV-38 elements are present and irrespective of the number of elements, the MTA MUST create "Second Row" column and MAY create "First Row" or "Third Row" columns with fixed values as described in Table 24. MTA MUST populate "Second Row" and "Third Row" columns for Secure Provisioning Flow only. + +**Table 24 – vacmSecurityToGroupTable** + +| vacmSecurityToGroupTable
(RFC 3415,
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB)
| First row | Second row | Third row | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | Column Value | +| * vacmSecurityModel | SNMPV1 (1) | SNMPV2c (2) | SNMPUSM (3) | +| * vacmSecurityName | "@mtaconfig" | "@mtaconfig" | "@mtaconfig" | +| vacmGroupName | "@mtaconfigV1" | "@mtaconfigV2" | "@mtaconfigUSM" | +| vacmSecurityToGroupStorageType | volatile (2) | volatile (2) | volatile (2) | +| vacmSecurityToGroupStatus | Active (1) | active (1) | active (1) | + +#### 11.2.1.10 vacmAccessTable + +If TLV-38 elements are present and irrespective of the number of elements, the MTA MUST create "Second Row" column and MAY create "First Row" or "Third Row" columns with fixed values as described in Table 25. MTA MUST populate "Second Row" and "Third Row" columns for Secure Provisioning Flow only. + +**Table 25 – vacmAccessTable** + +| vacmAccessTable
(RFC 3415,
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB)
| First row | Second row | Third row | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | Column Value | +| * vacmGroupName | "@mtaconfigV1" | "@mtaconfigV2" | "@mtaconfigUSM" | +| * vacmAccessContextPrefix | Empty | Empty | Empty | +| * vacmAccessSecurityModel | SNMPv1 (1) | SNMPv2c (2) | USM (3) | +| * vacmAccessSecurityLevel | noAuthNoPriv (1) | noAuthNoPriv (1) | noAuthNoPriv (1) | +| vacmAccessContextMatch | exact (1) | exact (1) | exact (1) | +| vacmAccessReadViewName | Empty | Empty | Empty | +| vacmAccessWriteViewName | Empty | Empty | Empty | +| vacmAccessNotifyViewName | "@mtaconfig" | "@mtaconfig" | "@mtaconfig" | +| vacmAccessStorageType | volatile (2) | volatile (2) | volatile (2) | +| vacmAccessStatus | active (1) | active (1) | active (1) | + +#### 11.2.1.11 vacmViewTreeFamilyTable + +If TLV-38 elements are present and irrespective of the number of elements, the entry below as defined in Table 26 MUST be created. Note that this entry is already created at MTA initialization. + +**Table 26 – vacmViewTreeFamilyTable** + +| vacmViewTreeFamilyTable
(RFC 3415, SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB)
| First row | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName | "@mtaconfig" | +| * vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree | 1.3 | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyMask | | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyType | included (1) | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType | Volatile | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus | active (1) | + +## 11.3 TLV-38 and TLV-11 configuration example + +This clause presents configuration examples for the generation of TLV-38 and TLV-11 for the purpose of SNMP framework configuration based on the framework model and message processing defined in [IETF RFC 3410], [IETF RFC 3411] and [IETF RFC 3412]. + +### 11.3.1 TLV-38 example + +This clause is informative. The example below presents the usability of TLV-38. One of the objectives of this clause is to illustrate the usage of @mtaConfig\_n. The following assumptions are made: + +- MTA ignores entries with 1 and supports 2, 3, 4 and 5. +- MTA already via a configuration process has an entry with usmUserName and usmUserSecurityName which is 'mtaUser' and another entry set for 'superUser'. For simplification, no VACM entries associated to this profile are included. + +Table 27 contains the Configuration File elements. Empty cells means use default values when applicable. + +**Table 27 – Example configuration file elements** + +| Sub-TLV | | | | | | +|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------|------------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|-------------------------------| +| TLV-38 order in the configuration file | TLV-38 Number 1 | TLV-38 Number 2 | TLV-38 Number 3 | TLV-38 Number 4 | TLV-38 Number 5 | +| SNMP Notification Receiver IP Address | 10.0.5.9 | 10.0.5.9 | 10.0.4.9 | 10.0.4.9 | 10.0.8.9 | +| SNMPv2c Notification Receiver UDP Port Number | | 162 | | 57000 | | +| SNMPv2c Notification Receiver Trap Type | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | +| SNMPv2c Notification Receiver Timeout | 1500 | | 2000 | | | +| SNMPv2c Notification Receiver Retries | 3 | 1 | 2 | | | +| Notification Receiver Filtering Parameters | org | pktcMtaDevProvisioningStatus | mib-2 | pktcMtaMib | pktcMtaDevProvisioning Status | +| Notification Receiver Security Name | | notused | | SuperUser | mtaUser | +| @mta@config_n | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | + +### 11.3.2 Content of the SNMP framework tables after processing of the above example TLV-38s + +Based on the above assumptions and the contents of TLV-38 specified in previous clauses, this clause illustrates the tables the MTA should create. The MTA ignores TLV-38 number 1 (notification type = 1), therefore @mtaconfig\_2 entries do not exist; the Security Name in TLV n = 2 is ignored. + +**Table 28 – snmpCommunityTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig] | +|-----------------|----------------| +| Name | "public" | +| SecurityName | @mtaconfig | +| ContextEngineID | | +| ContextName | "" | +| TransportTag | "" | +| StorageType | volatile | +| Status | active | + +**Table 29 – snmpTargetAddrExtTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig_0] | [@mtaconfig_1] | [@mtaconfig_2] | [@mtaconfig_3] | [@mtaconfig_4] | [@mtaconfig_5] | +|-------|----------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|----------------| +| TMask | "" | "" | "" | "" | "" | "" | +| MMS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + +**Table 30 – usmUserTable** + +| Index | [0x00][@mtaconfig] | {[mtaUser] | {[superUser] | [0x00]{[mtaUser] | [0x00]{[superUser] | +|------------------|--------------------|----------------------------|------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| SecurityName | @mtaconfig | MtaUser | superUser | mtaUser | superUser | +| CloneFrom | ZeroDotZero | ZeroDotZero | zeroDotZero | zeroDotZero | zeroDotZero | +| AuthProtocol | usmNoAuthProtocol | usmNoAuthProtocol | usmHMACMD5AuthProtocol | usmNoAuthProtocol | usmHMACMD5AuthProtocol | +| AuthKeyChange | "" | "" | "" | "" | "" | +| OwnAuthKeyChange | "" | "" | "" | "" | "" | +| PrivProtocol | usmNoPrivProtocol | usmNoPrivProtocol | usmDESPrivProtocol | usmNoPrivProtocol | usmDESPrivProtocol | +| PrivKeyChange | "" | "" | "" | "" | "" | +| OwnPrivKeyChange | "" | "" | "" | "" | "" | +| Public | "" | "" | "" | "" | "" | +| StorageType | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | +| Status | active | active | active | active | active | + +**Table 31 – vacmContextTable** + +| Index | +|-----------------| +| VacmContextName | + +**Table 32 – vacmSecurityToGroupTable** + +| Index | [1][@mtaconfig] | [2][@mtaconfig] | [3][@mtaconfig] | +|----------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------| +| GroupName | @mtaconfigV1 | @mtaconfigV2 | @mtaconfigUSM | +| SecurityToGroupStorageType | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | +| SecurityToGroupStatus | active | active | active | + +**Table 33 – vacmAccessTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfigV1][1][noAuthNoPriv] | [@mtaconfigV2][2][noAuthNoPriv] | [@mtaconfigUSM][3][noAuthNoPriv] | +|----------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| ContextMatch | exact | exact | exact | +| ReadViewName | "" | "" | "" | +| WriteViewName | "" | "" | "" | +| NotifyViewName | @mtaconfig | @mtaconfig | @mtaconfig | +| StorageType | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | +| Status | active | active | active | + +**Table 34 – vacmViewTreeFamilyTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig][org] | +|--------------|--------------------------| +| Mask | "" | +| Type | Included | +| StorageType | Volatile | +| Status | Active | + +**Table 35 – snmpNotifyTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig_inform] | [@mtaconfig_trap] | +|--------------|----------------------------|--------------------------| +| Tag | @mtaconfig_inform | @mtaconfig_trap | +| Type | Inform | Trap | +| StorageType | Volatile | Volatile | +| RowStatus | Active | Active | + +**Table 36 – snmpTargetAddrTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig_0] | [@mtaconfig_1] | [@mtaconfig_3] | [@mtaconfig_4] | +|--------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------| +| TDomain | snmpUDPDomain | snmpUDPDomain | snmpUDPDomain | snmpUDPDomain | +| TAddress | "0A 00 05 09 00 82" | "0A 00 05 09 00 82" | "0A 00 04 09 DE A8" | "0A 00 08 09 00 82" | +| Timeout | 1500 | 1500 | 1500 | 1500 | +| RetryCount | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | +| TagList | @mtaconfig_trap | @mtaconfig_inform | @mtaconfig_trap | @mtaconfig_inform | +| Params | @mtaconfig_0 | @mtaconfig_1 | @mtaconfig_3 | @mtaconfig_4 | +| StorageType | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | +| RowStatus | active | active | active | active | + +**Table 37 – snmpTargetParamsTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig_0] | [@mtaconfig_1] | [@mtaconfig_3] | [@mtaconfig_4] | +|---------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------| +| MPModel | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | +| SecurityModel | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | +| SecurityName | @mtaconfig | @mtaconfig | @mtaconfig | @mtaconfig | +| SecurityLevel | noAuthNoPriv | noAuthNoPriv | noAuthNoPriv | NoAuthNoPriv | +| StorageType | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | +| RowStatus | active | active | active | active | + +**Table 38 – snmpNotifyFilterProfileTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig_0] | [@mtaconfig_1] | [@mtaconfig_3] | [@mtaconfig_4] | +|--------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------| +| Name | [@mtaconfig_0] | [@mtaconfig_1] | [@mtaconfig_3] | [@mtaconfig_4] | +| StorType | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | +| RowStatus | active | active | active | active | + +**Table 39 – snmpNotifyFilterTable** + +| Index | [@mtaconfig_0]
[org]
| [@mtaconfig_1]
[pktcMtaProvision-
ingStatus]
| [@mtaconfig_3]
[PktcMtaMib]
| [@mtaconfig_4]
[pktcMtaProvision-
ingStatus]
| +|--------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| Mask | "" | "" | "" | "" | +| Type | Included | Included | Included | Included | +| StorageType | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | Volatile | +| RowStatus | Active | Active | Active | Active | + +# 12 SNMPv2c management requirements + +The management of an MTA device using SNMPv2c can be configured if required by an operator by setting the proper coexistence tables (using TLV-11) in the MTA configuration file or via post-provisioning management. + +- In the Basic and Hybrid Flows, the MTA MUST configure the tables described in clauses 12.1 and 12.2 after MTA4 to provide SNMPv2c read/write access to the default management system (provisioning entity provided in DHCP option 122 sub-option 3). +- In the Secure Flow, the MTA MUST configure the tables in clause 12.2 if the configuration file contains TLV-11 varbindings with the data of snmpCommunityTable. Additionally, in order to restrict SNMP access to the MTA in the inbound direction, the configuration file may also contain TLV-11 varbindings for snmpTargetAddrTable and/or snmpTargetAddrExtTab. + +Appendix I provides an example template for operators to enable SNMPv2c management. + +## 12.1 SNMPV2c coexistence mode tables content created by MTA after MTA4 for hybrid and basic flows + +See Tables 40 to 42. + +**Table 40 – snmpCommunityTable Content** + +| snmpCommunityTable
(RFC 3584, SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB)
| Read write access | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpCommunityIndex | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpCommunityName | "private" | +| snmpCommunitySecurityName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpCommunityContextEngineID | | +| snmpCommunityContextName | Empty | +| snmpCommunityTransportTag | "@mtaprovTag" | +| snmpCommunityStorageType | volatile (2) | +| snmpCommunityStatus | active (1) | + +**Table 41 – snmpTargetAddrTable Content** + +| snmpTargetAddrTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-TARGET-MIB)
| First row | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetAddrName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpTargetAddrTDomain | snmpUDPDomain = snmpDomains.1 | +| snmpTargetAddrTAddress
(IP Address non-Authoritative SNMP entity) | OCTET STRING (6)
Octets 1-4:

Octets 5-6:
any 2-byte port value | +| snmpTargetAddrTimeout | Ignore, | +| snmpTargetAddrRetryCount | ignore, | +| snmpTargetAddrTagList | "@mtaprovTag" | +| snmpTargetAddrParams | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpTargetAddrStorageType | volatile (2) | +| snmpTargetAddrRowStatus | active (1) | + +**Table 42 – snmpTargetAddrExtTable Content** + +| snmpTargetAddrExtTable
(RFC 3584, SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB)
| First row | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetAddrName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpTargetAddrTMask | FFFFFFFF:0000 | +| snmpTargetAddrMMS | 0 | + +## 12.2 SNMP default entries for SNMPv2 access + +Tables 43 to 49 MUST be created by the MTA during the SNMP agent initialization to configure SNMPv2 access. + +**Table 43 – vacmSecurityToGroupTable default entries** + +| vacmSecurityToGroupTable
(RFC 3415, SNMP-VIEW-
BASED-ACM-MIB)
| First row | Second row | Third row | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | Column Value | +| * vacmSecurityModel | SNMPv2c (2) | SNMPv2c (2) | SNMPv2c (2) | +| * vacmSecurityName | "@mtaprov" | "admin" | "operator" | +| vacmGroupName | "@mtaprov" | "admin" | "operator" | +| vacmSecurityToGroupStorageType | permanent (4) | permanent (4) | permanent (4) | +| vacmSecurityToGroupStatus | active (1) | active (1) | active (1) | + +**Table 44 – vacmAccessTable default entries** + +| vacmAccessTable
(RFC 3415, SNMP-VIEW-
BASED-ACM-MIB)
| First row | Second row | Third row | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------|-------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | Column Value | +| * vacmGroupName | "@mtaprov" | "admin" | "operator" | +| * vacmAccessContextPrefix | Empty | Empty | Empty | +| * vacmAccessSecurityModel | SNMPv2 (2) | SNMPv2 (2) | SNMPv2 (2) | +| * vacmAccessSecurityLevel | noAuthNoPriv (1) | noAuthNoPriv (1) | noAuthNoPriv (1) | +| vacmAccessContextMatch | exact (1) | exact (1) | exact (1) | +| vacmAccessReadViewName | "@mtaconfig" | "@mtaconfig" | "@mtaconfig" | +| vacmAccessWriteViewName | "@mtaconfig" | "@mtaconfig" | Empty | +| vacmAccessNotifyViewName | "@mtaconfig" | Empty | Empty | +| vacmAccessStorageType | permanent (4) | permanent (4) | permanent (4) | +| vacmAccessStatus | active (1) | active (1) | active (1) | + +**Table 45 – vacmViewTreeFamilyTable default entry** + +| vacmViewTreeFamilyTable
(RFC 3415, SNMP-VIEW-BASED-
ACM-MIB)
| First row | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * vacmViewTreeFamilyViewName | @mtaconfig | +| vacmViewTreeFamilySubtree | 1.3 | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyMask | Empty | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyType | included (1) | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyStorageType | volatile (2) | +| vacmViewTreeFamilyStatus | active (1) | + +Note that this entry is also created by default for the purpose of TLV-38 processing. It means only one default entry is needed in the MTA to define SNMPv2 management and TLV-38 configuration. + +**Table 46 – snmpTargetParamsTable default entry** + +| snmpTargetParamsTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-TARGET-MIB)
| First row | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetParamsName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpTargetParamsMPModel | 1 | +| snmpTargetParamsSecurityModel | 2 | +| snmpTargetParamsSecurityName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpTargetParamsSecurityLevel | noAuthNoPriv | +| snmpTargetParamsStorageType | permanent (4) | +| snmpTargetParamsRowStatus | active (1) | + +**Table 47 – snmpNotifyTable default entry** + +| snmpNotifyTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-NOTIFICATION-
MIB)
| First row | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpNotifyName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpNotifyTag | "@mtaprovTag" | +| snmpNotifyType | inform (2) | +| snmpNotifyStorageType | permanent (4) | +| snmpNotifyRowStatus | active (1) | + +**Table 48 – snmpNotifyFilterProfileTable default entry** + +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-NOTIFICATION-
MIB)
| First row | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetParamsName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileName | "@mtaprov" | +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileStorageType | permanent (4) | +| snmpNotifyFilterProfileRowStatus | active (1) | + +**Table 49 – snmpNotifyFilterTable default entry** + +| snmpNotifyFilterTable
(RFC 3413, SNMP-NOTIFICATION-
MIB)
| First row | Second row | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|-------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | +| * snmpNotifyFilterProfileName | "@mtaprov" | "@mtaprov" | +| * snmpNotifyFilterSubtree | pktcMtaNotification | snmpTraps | +| snmpNotifyFilterMask | Empty | Empty | +| snmpNotifyFilterType | included (1) | included (1) | +| snmpNotifyFilterStorageType | permanent (4) | permanent (4) | +| snmpNotifyFilterRowStatus | active (1) | active (1) | + +# **13 Service interruption impact reporting and other enhanced features support** + +## **13.1 eDocsis requirements support** + +The IPCablecom eMTA is considered an eSAFE device under eDOCSIS and MUST adhere to relevant clauses of the eDOCSIS specification defined in ITU-T Rec. J.126. In addition to common requirements, the specification has certain requirements that are contingent upon the definition in the corresponding eSAFE specification. This clause deals with those additional requirements that are deemed required by the IPCablecom Specification for implementation. + +The requirements can be grouped as: + +- Impact Analysis and Reporting requirements. +- eSAFE reboot directives. + +### **13.1.1 Impact analysis and reporting requirements** + +As specified in ITU-T Rec. J.126, the eCM has the ability to report 'Service Interruption Impact' for each eSAFE device, if in fact the data service was interrupted at the time of the query. This clause deals with the impact levels and the reporting mechanism. It is to be noted that the IPCablecom eMTA is typically associated with multiple services (Voice, Fax) and multiple instances of each service (on each configured endpoint) and hence the eMTA MUST report the highest possible impact across services/endpoints. + +#### **13.1.1.1 Impact analysis** + +A service on an endpoint is considered impacted when an endpoint is 'active' and the data service is interrupted. The 'active' condition is defined as the states offHook(3) and onHookPlusNCSActivity (2) as defined in pktcNcsEndPntHookState. (Refer to ITU-T Rec. J.126 for more information.) + +#### **13.1.1.2 Supported impact levels and reporting** + +In IPCablecom, any interruption to an 'active' service (even potentially) MUST be considered as 'High Impact' and everything else considered 'Low Impact'. + +Thus, impacts MUST be reported by the MTA as follows: + +- High Impact – If any of the endpoints associated with an MTA are 'Active', then the impact MUST be reported as 'High Impact'. +- Low Impact – If all of the endpoints associated with an MTA that are capable of providing service are not 'active', then the impact MUST be reported as 'Low Impact'. + +## **13.2 IPCablecom extension MIB** + +IP Cablecom extension MIB has been defined for all the new MIBs that are part of IPCablecom 1.5. For more information, see [ITU-T J.166]. The extensions are in the areas of MTA MIB and Signalling MIB. + +### **13.2.1 MTA MIB extension** + +The IPCablecom MTA MIB Extension is defined in [ITU-T J.166]. This provides the additional functionality for controlling new functionality like multiple grants per interval (MGPI) on the endpoint. + +### **13.2.2 Signalling MIB extension** + +The IPCablecom Signalling MIB Extension is defined in [ITU-T J.166]. This provides additional control and reporting functionality for endpoints in the areas of DTMF relay, Quarantine handling, Hookstate, etc. + +## **13.3 Battery backup MIBs** + +The E-MTA is an embedded device with the Cable Modem. Since telephony is a high availability service, battery backup is very essential. In order to service and maintain the battery modules, a set of MIBs have been defined in ITU-T Rec. J.199. E-MTA devices that provide battery backup functionality MUST support the MIBs defined in ITU-T Rec. J.199. + +## **13.4 Syslog MIBs** + +In order to maintain granularity for the syslog service, a set of MIBs have been defined in [ITU-T J.166] and [IETF-draft-eventmess]. These MIBs help the operator in troubleshooting the syslog service and also obtain a higher level of control over the syslog messages. + +## **13.5 Foreign potential detection** + +Detecting foreign potential is very important for providing telephony service. A MIB "pktcEnEndPntInfoTable" has been defined in [ITU-T J.166] to report any such detection. E-MTA devices SHOULD implement this functionality. + +# Appendix I + +## SNMPv2c coexistence configuration example – Template for service providers + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The operators can use the template defined in this appendix to enable SNMPv2c management (default entries defined in clause 12.2 are reused in the example). Note that service providers are not restricted to use this template. See Tables I.1 to I.3. + +**Table I.1 – snmpCommunityTable template for basic and hybrid flows configuration file** + +| snmpCommunityTable
(RFC 3584, SNMP-
COMMUNITY-MIB)
| Read/write access | Read-only access | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | +| * snmpCommunityIndex | "admin" | "operator" or | +| snmpCommunityName | | | +| snmpCommunitySecurityName | "admin" | "operator" | +| snmpCommunityContextEngineID | | | +| snmpCommunityContextName | Empty | Empty | +| snmpCommunityTransportTag | "adminTag" | "operatorTag" | +| snmpCommunityStorageType | volatile (2) | volatile (2) | +| snmpCommunityStatus | createAndGo (4) | createAndGo (4) | + +**Table I.2 – snmpTargetAddrTable template for basic and hybrid flows configuration file** + +| snmpTargetAddrTable
(RFC 3413 – SNMP-TARGET-MIB)
| First row | Second row | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetAddrName | "admin" | "operator" | +| snmpTargetAddrTDomain | snmpUDPDomain =
snmpDomains.1 | snmpUDPDomain =
snmpDomains.1 | +| snmpTargetAddrTAddress
(IP Address non-Authoritative SNMP
entity) | OCTET STRING (6)
Octets 1-4:
IPv4 Address>
Octets 5-6:
<0x0000> | OCTET STRING (6)
Octets 1-4:
Address>
Octets 5-6:
<0x0000> | +| snmpTargetAddrTimeout | Ignore, | Ignore, | +| snmpTargetAddrRetryCount | Ignore, | Ignore, | +| snmpTargetAddrTagList | "adminTag" | "operatorTag" | +| snmpTargetAddrParams | Empty | Empty | +| snmpTargetAddrStorageType | volatile (2) | volatile (2) | +| snmpTargetAddrRowStatus | createAndGo (4) | createAndGo (4) | + +**Table I.3 – snmpTargetAddrExtTable template for basic and hybrid flows configuration file** + +| snmpTargetAddrExtTable
(RFC 3584, SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB)
| First row | Second row | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Column Name (* = Part of Index) | Column Value | Column Value | +| * snmpTargetAddrName | "admin" | "operator" | +| snmpTargetAddrTMask | OCTET STRING (6)
Octets 1-4:
Sub-Net Mask>
Octets 5-6:
<0x0000> | OCTET STRING (6)
Octets 1-4:
Sub-Net Mask>
Octets 5-6:
<0x0000> | +| snmpTargetAddrMMS | 0 | 0 | + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.171.2-200511-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.171.2-200511-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..efc186cee28bf1626101de77dcd0fe7afa19630e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.171.2-200511-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:39f0cfc5c852bc8a3364bf22ec51ade255271f2a3eb7aa3f55185db15c259f9f +size 4828 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.171.2-200511-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.171.2-200511-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..091401ef35136ff1a2480010358e2b926728298e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.171.2-200511-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,823 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +**J.171.2** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +(11/2005) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**IPCablecom trunking gateway control protocol +(TGCP): Profile 2** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.171.2 + + + +# **ITU-T Recommendation J.171.2** + +# **IP Cablecom trunking gateway control protocol (TGCP): Profile 2** + +# **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies the Profile 2 referenced in ITU-T Rec. J.171.0. This Recommendation specifies a H.248 protocol profile (ITU-T Rec. H.248.1, version 2 (05/2002)) for controlling media gateways between cable networks and the PSTN. This profile is known as Trunking Gateway Control Protocol (TGCP) Profile 2 version 1. Profile 1 is specified in ITU-T Rec. J.171.1. + +###### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.171.2 was approved on 29 November 2005 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2006 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 Normative references..... | 1 | +| 2.2 Informative references..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 General items ..... | 2 | +| 5.1 Architectural assumptions ..... | 2 | +| 5.2 Profile definition..... | 3 | +| 5.3 Support of packages ..... | 3 | +| 5.4 Compatibility rules ..... | 3 | +| 5.5 Naming conventions..... | 3 | +| 5.6 Topology descriptor..... | 4 | +| 5.7 Multiplex descriptor ..... | 4 | +| 5.8 Transaction timers and retransmission thresholds..... | 4 | +| 5.9 Transport..... | 5 | +| 5.10 Service change procedures ..... | 5 | +| 5.11 Security..... | 5 | +| 5.12 Encoding..... | 5 | +| 6 Use of SDP ..... | 5 | +| 6.1 Protocol version (v=)..... | 6 | +| 6.2 Origin (o=)..... | 6 | +| 6.3 Session name (s=)..... | 7 | +| 6.4 Session and media information (i=) ..... | 7 | +| 6.5 URI (u=) ..... | 8 | +| 6.6 E-mail address and phone number (e=, p=) ..... | 8 | +| 6.7 Connection data (c=) ..... | 8 | +| 6.8 Bandwidth (b=)..... | 9 | +| 6.9 Time, repeat times and time zones (t=, r=, z=)..... | 9 | +| 6.10 Encryption keys..... | 10 | +| 6.11 Attributes (a=) ..... | 10 | +| 6.12 Media announcements (m=)..... | 13 | +| 7 Timestamp ..... | 14 | +| 8 Digitmap ..... | 14 | +| Annex A – ISUP trunk tones generator Package for ITU-T Rec. H.248..... | 15 | + + + +# IPCablecom trunking gateway control protocol (TGCP): Profile 2 + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the Profile 2 referenced in ITU-T Rec. J.171.0. This Recommendation specifies a H.248 protocol (ITU-T Rec. H.248.1, version 2 (05/2002)) profile for controlling media gateways between cable networks and the PSTN. This profile is known as Trunking Gateway Control Protocol (TGCP) Profile 2 version 1. Profile 1 is specified in ITU-T Rec. J.171.1. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- ITU-T Recommendation H.248.1 v2 (2002), *Gateway control protocol: Version 2*. +- ITU-T Recommendation H.248.2 (2005), *Gateway control protocol: Facsimile, text conversation and call discrimination packages*. +- ITU-T Recommendation J.161 (2001), *Audio codec requirements for the provision of bidirectional audio service over cable television networks using cable modems*. +- ITU-T Recommendation J.170 (2005), *IPCablecom security specification*. +- IETF RFC 1035 (1987), *Domain names – Implementation and specification*. +- IETF RFC 2045 (1996), *Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies*. +- IETF RFC 2234 (1997), *Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF*. +- IETF RFC 2327 (1998), *SDP: Session Description Protocol*. + +## 2.2 Informative references + +- ITU-T Recommendation J.160 (2005), *Architectural framework for the delivery of time-critical services over cable television networks using cable modems*. +- ITU-T Recommendation J.171.0 (2005), *IPCablecom trunking gateway control protocol (TGCP): Profiles overview*. +- ITU-T Recommendation J.171.1 (2005), *IPCablecom trunking gateway control protocol (TGCP): Profile 1*. +- IETF RFC 1889 (1996), *RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications*. +- IETF RFC 1890 (1996), *RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control*. + +# **3 Definitions** + +This Recommendation defines no new terms. + +# **4 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------| +| ASCII | American Standard Code for Information Interchange | +| AVP | Audio Visual Profile | +| DNS | Domain Name System | +| IANA | Internet Assigned Numbers Authority | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPSec | Internet Protocol Security | +| ISUP | ISDN User Part | +| MG | Media Gateway | +| MGC | Media Gateway Controller | +| MGCP | Media Gateway Control Protocol | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| MTA | Multimedia Terminal Adapter | +| MWD | Maximum Waiting Delay | +| NCS | Network-based Call Signalling | +| NTP | Network Time Protocol | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RTCP | RTP Control Protocol | +| RTO | Retransmission Timeout | +| RTP | Real-Time Transport Protocol | +| SDP | Session Description Protocol | +| SG | Signalling Gateway | +| SPI | Security Parameters Index | +| TGCP | Trunking Gateway Control Protocol | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| URI | Uniform Resource Identifier | + +# **5 General items** + +## **5.1 Architectural assumptions** + +This Recommendation applies to the interface between a Media Gateway Controller and a Media Gateway sitting at the boundary between an IPCablecom network and the PSTN. + +The overall architecture for interconnecting IPCablecom networks with the PSTN is described in ITU-T Rec. J.160. + +## 5.2 Profile definition + +This profile shall be entitled "TGCP\_H248". The version number shall be "1". This name shall be returned by conforming gateways when sending a ServiceChange command as part of the initial registration of the MG. This profile is applicable to version 2 of ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 (05/2002). + +## 5.3 Support of packages + +### 5.3.1 Mandatory packages + +The following packages shall be supported: + +**Table 1/J.171.2 – Mandatory packages** + +| Package name | Id | Version | Defined in | +|----------------------------|--------|---------|-------------------------------------------------| +| Generic | g | 1 | ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002), Annex E | +| Base Root | root | 1 | ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002), Annex E | +| Continuity | ct | 1 | ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002), Annex E | +| Network | nt | 1 | ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002), Annex E | +| TDM Circuit | tdmc | 1 | ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002), Annex E | +| ISUP Trunk Tones Generator | isuptn | 1 | See Annex A | + +### 5.3.2 Conditional packages + +The following packages shall be supported under the specified conditions: + +**Table 2/J.171.2 – Conditional packages** + +| Package name | Id | Version | Defined in | Condition | +|-------------------------------------|------|---------|--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Fax/TextPhone/Modem Tones Detection | ftmd | 1 | ITU-T Rec. H.248.2 | Some of the codecs supported by the cable networks are not transparent to fax, modem or textphone signals. | + +## 5.4 Compatibility rules + +This profile is based on ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002). The compatibility rules for packages, signals, events, properties and statistics and the H.248 protocol are defined in ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002). + +## 5.5 Naming conventions + +### 5.5.1 MG and MGC names + +MG and MGC names shall be in the form of a domain name [IETF RFC 1035]. An example MGC name is: `mgc1.whatever.net`. + +### 5.5.2 Termination identifiers + +#### 5.5.2.1 Physical termination identifiers + +Termination identifiers representing physical trunks or trunks groups shall adhere to the following conventions: + +- Termination names shall consist of a series of terms each separated by a slash ("/") that describe the physical hierarchy within the gateway: + +`ds/_/_/.../` + +- The first term (ds) identifies the termination naming scheme used and the basic termination type. +- The last term is a decimal number that indicates the *channel* number at the lowest level of the hierarchy. +- Intermediate terms between the first term (ds) and last term (channel number) represent intermediate levels of the hierarchy and consist of and separated by an underscore ("\_") where: + - the identifies the particular hierarchy level. Values of presently defined are: "s", "su", "oc3", "ds3", "e3", "ds2", "e2", "ds1", "e1" where "s" indicates a slot number and "su" indicates a sub-unit within a slot. Other values representing physical hierarchy levels that have not been included in this list but which follow the same basic naming rules will also be allowed; + - the is a decimal number which is used to reference a particular instance of a at that level of the hierarchy. +- The number of levels and naming of those levels is based on the physical hierarchy within the media gateway, as illustrated by the following examples: + - a Media Gateway that has some number of DS1 interfaces: + + +ds/ds1\_#/# + - a Media Gateway that has some number of OC3 interfaces, that contain channelized DS3 and DS1 hierarchies: + + +ds/oc3\_#/ds3\_#/ds1\_#/# + - a Media Gateway that contains some number of slots with each slot having some number of DS3 interfaces: + + +ds/s\_#/ds3\_#/ds1\_#/# +- Some terminations may not contain all possible levels of a hierarchy; however, all levels supported by a given termination are contained in the termination naming scheme. For example, a DS3 without DS1 framing could be represented by the following naming scheme: + + +ds/s\_#/ds3\_#/# + + - However, a DS3 *with* DS1 framing could not be represented by that naming scheme. + +## 5.6 Topology descriptor + +A Gateway conforming to this Recommendation need not implement the topology descriptor. MGCs that expect to control gateways conforming to this Recommendation shall not assume that topology descriptor is supported. + +## 5.7 Multiplex descriptor + +A Gateway conforming to this Recommendation need not implement the mux descriptor. MGCs that expect to control gateways conforming to this Recommendation shall not assume that mux descriptor is supported. + +## 5.8 Transaction timers and retransmission thresholds + +All transaction timers as specified in ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002) shall be supported here. + +For this profile of H.248, the following default values are specified in relation to H.248 transaction timers and retransmission thresholds: + +- LONG-TIMER: This shall have a default value of 30 seconds. + +- T-MAX: This shall have a default value of 20 seconds. +- MAX-1: This shall have a default value of 5 retransmissions. +- MAX-2: This shall have a default value of 7 retransmissions. + +NOTE – In all cases where this Recommendation specifies defaults, it should be noted that all of the properties of the timer or retransmission thresholds described within H.248 itself remain in force. In particular, this means that if H.248 states that a timer or retransmission threshold may be later configured through provisioning, then this behaviour is also allowed. + +## 5.9 Transport + +Media Gateways shall implement UDP/ALF. + +## 5.10 Service change procedures + +The Media Gateway shall allow one primary and one or more secondary MGCs to be provisioned for registration. + +## 5.11 Security + +Media Gateways and Media Gateway Controllers shall implement security as described in the IPCablecom security specification (ITU-T Rec. J.170). + +## 5.12 Encoding + +Conforming Media Gateways and Media Gateway Controllers shall support text encoding. + +# 6 Use of SDP + +The Local and Remote descriptors use SDP with certain modifications in the MGC to MG direction as specified in ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002). Furthermore, trunking gateways conforming to this profile may make certain simplifying assumptions about the session descriptions as specified in the following. + +SDP usage depends on the type of session, as specified in the "media" parameter. This Recommendation only supports media of type "audio". + +The SDP profile provided describes the use of the session description protocol in TGCP. The general description and explanation of the individual parameters can be found in IETF RFC 2327; however, below we detail what values are sent in the MGC to MG direction and what values are sent in the MG to MGC direction. Where the MG may choose a value of a particular parameter, wildcards are used. The use of wildcards shall be in accordance with H.248.1 procedures. + +Due to the particular function of the trunking gateway within the IPCablecom system, the Remote descriptor is only sent in the MGC to MG direction once SDP has been received from the remote end of the call. If no SDP has yet been received from the remote end of the call, the MGC shall not send a Remote descriptor to the MG. MGs will however receive Remote descriptors once this specific stage of call set-up has been reached. The text indicates how the MG behaves with respect to each parameter contained within a Remote descriptor that is sent to the MG after remote-end SDP has been received by the MGC. In all cases, the assumption in the text is that the Remote descriptor that is returned is fully specified in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). However, as is recognized in 7.1.8/H.248.1 version 2 (05/2002), the MG may modify the Remote descriptor contents (or even return an empty Remote descriptor) depending upon how the ReserveGroup and ReserveValue LocalControl parameters are set. This Recommendation does not preclude such behaviour. + +Any parameter not specified below should not be provided by any TGCP endpoint, and if such a parameter is received, it should be ignored. + +## 6.1 Protocol version (v=) + +v= + +v= 0 + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Shall be provided in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327) (i.e., v=0). +- *Remote Descriptor*: Shall be unchanged from what was received from the remote end. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +## 6.2 Origin (o=) + +The origin field consists (o=) of six sub-fields in IETF RFC 2327: + +o=
+ +o= – 2987933615 29879 33615 IN IP4 A3C47F2146789F0 + +### Username + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: This parameter is set to the hyphen symbol "-". +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Hyphen *shall* be used as username when privacy is requested. Hyphen *should* be used otherwise. +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Session-ID + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: This parameter is set to the "\$" wildcard. +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: MGs shall specify this parameter in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327) for interoperability with non-IP Cablecom clients. +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Version + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: This parameter is set to the hyphen symbol "-". +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: MGs shall specify this parameter in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Network Type + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: The MGC shall set this parameter to type "IN". + - *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Address Type + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: The MGC will set this parameter to address type "IP4". + - *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Address + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: The MGC may send a "\$" to allow the MG to choose a value for the address. + - *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: MGs shall specify this parameter in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327) for interoperability with non-IPCablecom clients. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +## 6.3 Session name (s=) + +s= + +s= - + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: The MG shall insert a hyphen "-". The hyphen shall be used as the session name. + - *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: The hyphen "-" shall be received. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +## 6.4 Session and media information (i=) + +i= + +This field is not used in TGCP. If the field is present in any form, it will be ignored. + +## 6.5 URI (u=) + +u= + +This field is not used in TGCP. If the field is present in any form, it shall be ignored. + +## 6.6 E-mail address and phone number (e=, p=) + +e= + +p= + +These fields are not used in TGCP. If these fields are present in any form, they shall be ignored. + +## 6.7 Connection data (c=) + +The connection data consists of three sub-fields: + +c= + +c= IN IP4 10.10.111.11 + +### Network Type + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Type "IN" shall be used. +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Type "IN" shall be present in this field in the Local descriptor received from the MGC. The parameter is echoed back to the MGC with no action being taken by the MG to alter this parameter. +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Address Type + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Type "IP4" shall be used. +- *Remote Descriptor*: MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Type "IP4" shall be present in this field in the Local descriptor received from the MGC. The parameter is echoed back to the MGC with no action being taken by the MG to alter this parameter. +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Connection Address + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: The MGC may send a "\$" to allow the MG to choose a value for the address on which it wishes to receive media streams for this call. Otherwise the address previously chosen (if any) may continue to be used for this call. +- *Remote Descriptor*: MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: MGs shall fill this field with a unicast IP address at which the application will receive the media stream. Thus a TTL value shall not be present and a "number of addresses" value shall not be present. The field shall not be filled with a fully qualified domain name instead of an IP address. + +- *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end. A unicast IP address or a fully qualified domain name shall be present. No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +## 6.8 Bandwidth (b=) + +b= : + +b= AS : 64 + +– *MG to MGC* + +- Bandwidth information is optional in SDP but it should always be included. When an rtpmap or a non-well-known codec (i.e., not defined in ITU-T Rec. J.161) is used, the bandwidth information shall be used. + +– *MGC to MG* + +- Bandwidth information should be included. If a bandwidth modifier is not included, the receiver shall assume reasonable default bandwidth values for well-known codecs. + +If the guidelines above result in the bandwidth parameter being included, then it shall be included as follows: + +### Modifier + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Echoed back to MG if MG to MGC communication has already produced a value for this field. If, however, this is the first Local descriptor to be sent to the MG, then the MGC shall set the modifier to type "AS". +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Type "AS" shall be present. +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Bandwidth Value + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Echoed back to MG if MG to MGC communication has already produced a value for this field. If this is the first Local descriptor to be sent to the MG, then the field shall be filled with the maximum bandwidth requirement of the media stream in kbit/s. +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: The maximum bandwidth requirement of the stream in kbit/s shall be present. +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +## 6.9 Time, repeat times and time zones (t=, r=, z=) + +t= + +t= 36124033 0 + +r= + +z= + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local & Remote Descriptors*: If any of these fields are present in the SDP received from the MG, they should be ignored. MGCs shall not send "\$". If a line is included in the descriptor, then the line shall be included in its entirety. If particular fields within a line cannot be included, then the line shall not be included. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local & Remote Descriptors*: Time shall be present; start time may be zero, but should be the current time, and stop time should be zero. Repeat Times, and Time Zones should not be used; if they are used it should be in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). + +### 6.10 Encryption keys + +k= + +k= : + +Security services for IPCablecom are defined by the IPCablecom Security Specification (ITU-T Rec. J.170). The security services specified for RTP (IETF RFC 1889) and RTCP do not comply with those of the Audio Video Profile for Conferences with Minimal control (IETF RFC 1890), and SDP (IETF RFC 2327). In the interest of interoperability with non-IPCablecom devices, the "k" parameter will therefore not be used to convey security parameters. + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local & Remote Descriptors*: This field should be ignored. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local & Remote Descriptors*: This field shall not be used and should be ignored by the MG if received from the MGC. + +### 6.11 Attributes (a=) + +a= : + +a= rtpmap: / [ /] + +a= rtpmap: 0 PCMU / 8000 + +a= X-pc-codecs: ... + +a= X-pc-secret: : + +a = X-pc-csuites-rtp: ... + +a = X-pc-csuites-rtcp: ... + +a = X-pc-spi-rtcp: + +a = X-pc-bridge: + +a= + +a= recvonly + +a= sendrecv + +a= sendonly + +a= ptime + +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: One or more of the "a" attribute lines specified below may be included. An attribute line not specified below should not be used. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +10 ITU-T Rec. J.171.2 (11/2005) + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: One or more of the "a" attribute lines specified below may be included and shall be acted upon accordingly. "a" attribute lines not specified below may be present but shall be ignored. + - *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. + +### **rtpmap** + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: This field shall be used in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). It may be used for well-known as well as non-well-known codecs. The encoding names used are provided in a separate IPCablecom specification (see ITU-T Recs J.161 and J.170). + - *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the far end. MGC takes no additional action. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: When used, the field shall be used in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). It may be used for well-known as well as non-well-known codecs. The encoding names used are provided in a separate IPCablecom specification (see ITU-T Recs J.161 and J.170). + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### **X-pc-codecs** + +When dealing with the X-pc-codecs attribute, the ReserveGroup and ReserveValue H.248.1 properties shall follow behaviour analogous to that used within ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 for these properties with respect to codecs in an "m=" line. + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: If this is the first Local descriptor to be sent to the MG, the MGC may send "\$" to allow the MG to choose one or more values. If, however, MGC/MG communication has already resulted in a list of codecs being chosen for this parameter, then the MGC shall simply echo this list back to the MG – i.e., no further action is taken by the MGC. + - *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end. Conveys a list of codecs that the remote termination is capable of using for this connection. The codecs shall not be used until signalled through a media (m=) line. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: MGs shall send this field such that it contains a list of alternative codecs that the termination is capable of using for this connection. The list is ordered by decreasing degree of preference, i.e., the most preferred alternative codec is the first one in the list. A codec is encoded similarly to "encoding name" in rtpmap. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### **X-pc-secret** + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: If previous MGC/MG communication has not resulted in the selection of the end-to-end secret then MGCs may send "\$" for both the method and encryption key to allow the MG to choose values for these parameters. + - *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end and passed on to the MG unchanged. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: MGs shall specify an end-to-end secret to be used for RTP and RTCP security. The secret is encoded similarly to the encryption key (k=) parameter of SDP (IETF RFC 2327) with the following constraints: + +The encryption key shall not contain a ciphersuite, only a passphrase. + +The specifying the encoding of the pass-phrase shall be either "clear" or "base64" as defined in MIME part 1 (IETF RFC 2045), except for the maximum line length which is not specified here. The method "clear" shall not be used if the secret contains any characters that are prohibited in SDP. + +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### **X-pc-csuits-rtp** + +### **X-pc-csuits-rtcp** + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: The MGC may send "\$" to allow the MG to choose one or more values. Alternatively, it may convey a list of ciphersuites that the remote endpoint is capable of using for this connection. Any other ciphersuite than the first in the list cannot be used until signalled through a new ciphersuite line with the desired ciphersuite listed first. +- *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end and passed on to the MG unchanged. + +– *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: MGs shall encode this field such that it contains a list of ciphersuites that the termination is capable of using for this connection (respectively RTP and RTCP); the list in Local and Remote shall be the same. The first ciphersuite listed is what the termination is currently expecting to use. Any remaining ciphersuites in the list represent alternatives ordered by decreasing degree of preference, i.e., the most preferred alternative ciphersuite is the second one in the list. A ciphersuite is encoded as specified below: + +``` +ciphersuite = [AuthenticationAlgorithm] "/" [EncryptionAlgorithm] +AuthenticationAlgorithm = 1*(ALPHA/DIGIT/"-" / "_" ) +EncryptionAlgorithm = 1*(ALPHA/DIGIT/"-" / "_" ) +``` + +where ALPHA, and DIGIT are defined in IETF RFC 2234. Whitespaces are not allowed within a ciphersuite. The following example illustrates the use of ciphersuite: + +62/51 + +The actual list of ciphersuites is provided in the IPCablecom Security specification (ITU-T Rec. J.170). + +- *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### **X-pc-spi-rtcp** + +– *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: The MGC may send "\$" to allow the MG to choose a value. This field conveys the IPSec SPI to be used when sending RTCP packets over IPSec. The field shall be present when RTCP security is used. +- *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end and passed on to the MG unchanged. + +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: The MG shall encode this field so that it contains the IPSec Security Parameter Index (SPI) to be used when sending RTCP packets to the termination for the media stream in question. The SPI is a 32-bit identifier encoded as a string of up to 8 hex characters. The field shall be supplied when RTCP security is used. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### X-pc-bridge + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local & Remote Descriptors*: TGCP endpoints shall ignore this attribute if received. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local & Remote Descriptors*: TGCP endpoints shall not use this attribute. + +### ptime + +- *MGC to MG* + +The ptime should always be provided and when used it shall be used in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). When an rtpmap or non-well-known codec is used, the ptime shall be provided. + + - *Local Descriptor*: ptime will be included with an appropriate value within the Local descriptor in such cases. + - *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end and passed on to the MG unchanged. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: The field shall be used in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). When "ptime" is present, the MG shall use the ptime in the calculation of QoS reservations. If "ptime" is not present, the MG shall assume reasonable default values for well-known codecs. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +## 6.12 Media announcements (m=) + +Media Announcements (m=) consists of four sub-fields: + +``` +m= +m= audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 +``` + +### Media + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: This parameter shall be set by the MGC to the "audio" media type. + - *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the remote end and passed on to the MG unchanged. +- *MG to MGC* + - *Local Descriptor*: The "audio" media type will be received from the MGC. + - *Remote Descriptor*: No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Port + +- *MGC to MG* + - *Local Descriptor*: The MGC may send a "\$" to allow the MG to choose a value for the port on which it wishes to receive media streams for this call. Otherwise, the port number previously chosen (if any) should continue to be used for this call. + +- *Remote Descriptor*: Received from the remote end. Passed on unchanged to the MG. + +#### – *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: Upon receiving a Local descriptor with a "\$" wildcard, the MG shall choose a port at which it wishes to receive media. This port shall be placed in place of the "\$" wildcard in the Local descriptor passed within the next (and subsequent) MG to MGC message(s). +- *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end. Contains the port on the remote gateway to which this MG will send media. No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Transport + +#### – *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: This parameter will be set to "RTP/AVP". +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the remote end and passed on to the MG unchanged. + +#### – *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: This parameter will be received by the MG set to "RTP/AVP". +- *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end. No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +### Media Formats + +#### – *MGC to MG* + +- *Local Descriptor*: In accordance with ITU-T Rec. H.248.1, this field may be underspecified (through the use of the "\$" wildcard) or overspecified. If the MGC wishes to request the MG to choose which media formats it wishes to use for the call, then the MGC shall provide a "\$" wildcard. If the MGC wishes to suggest that the MG selects a media format from a list of possible media formats, then it shall provide a list of appropriate media types in accordance with SDP (IETF RFC 2327). +- *Remote Descriptor*: Parameter received from the remote end and passed on to the MG unchanged. + +#### – *MG to MGC* + +- *Local Descriptor*: The MG shall select a media type either autonomously (if a "\$" wildcard was received) or from the overspecified list of media types supplied by the MGC. Upon completion of this choice, the Local descriptor will contain the selected media type for the call. +- *Remote Descriptor*: Supplied by the remote end. No action taken by MG to alter this descriptor. + +# 7 Timestamp + +Media Gateways are not required to include timestamps in Notify or ServiceChange commands. + +# 8 Digitmap + +Media Gateways are not required to support digit maps. + +# Annex A + +## ISUP trunk tones generator Package for ITU-T Rec. H.248.1 + +### ISUP Trunk Tones Generator Package + +PackageID: isuptn (0x006c) + +Version: 1 + +Extends: tonegen version 1 + +This package defines the ISUP trunk tones played from a trunk gateway as signals and extends the allowed values of the tl parameter of playtone in tonegen. + +#### Properties + +None. + +#### Events + +None. + +#### Signals + +#### Ringing Tone + +SignalID: rt (0x0010) + +Generate ringing tone. The physical characteristic of ringing tone is available in the gateway. + +Signal Type: TimeOut + +Duration: Provisioned + +Additional parameters: + +None + +Additional values: + +rt is defined as a tone id for playtone + +The other tones of this package are defined in exactly the same way. A table with all signal names and signal IDs is included. Note that each tone is defined as both a signal and a tone id, thus extending the basic tone generation package. + +| Signal name | Signal ID/tone id | +|-----------------|-------------------| +| Ringing Tone | rt (0x0010) | +| Congestion Tone | ct (0x0011) | + +#### Statistics + +None. + +#### Procedures + +NOTE – These tones correspond to those defined in ITU-T Rec. E.180/Q.35. See ITU-T Rec. E.180/Q.35 for definition of the meanings of these tones. + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.182-200103-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.182-200103-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f7eb51ddac13026eb63f4851b246040b1eea677f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.182-200103-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1571 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.182** + +(03/2001) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Miscellaneous + +--- + +**Parameter sets for analogue interface +specifications for the interconnection of +set-top boxes and presentation devices +in the home** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.182 + +(Formerly CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +# CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | +| IPCablecom | J.160–J.179 | +| Miscellaneous | J.180–J.199 | +| Application for Interactive Digital Television | J.200–J.209 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +# **Parameter sets for analogue interface specifications for the interconnection of set-top boxes and presentation devices in the home** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation defines the parameter sets for analogue interface specifications for video signals between television set-top boxes and television presentation devices in the home, when such signals are provided in analogue component video form carried on three parallel channels. + +This Recommendation has three appendices (I, II, and III), that provide specifications for: 525-line (total scan lines) TV devices (i.e. with 480 active lines), and 750-line TV devices (720 active lines), and 1125-line TV devices (1080 active lines). This reflects the fact that a number of TV systems are in use on a worldwide basis and it is necessary to define parameter sets for the associated devices. + +Appendix IV describes the interface between digital tuner and television receiver using D-connector selected from EIAJ CP-4120. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.182 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2001-2004) and approved under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure on 9 March 2001. + +Figures I.2 to I.4, II.3, II.4, III.1 to III.6 of ITU-T Recommendation J.182 are extracted from SMPTE standards with the kind permission of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2001 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +###### Page + +| | | | +|------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | Normative references ..... | 1 | +| 3 | Informative references ..... | 1 | +| 4 | Bibliography ..... | 1 | +| 5 | Recommendation ..... | 2 | +| | Appendix I – Analogue component parallel video interfaces for 525-line interlaced and progressive scanning structures ..... | 4 | +| I.1 | Introduction..... | 4 | +| I.2 | Copy protection..... | 4 | +| I.3 | Video components ..... | 4 | +| | I.3.1    Blanking level..... | 4 | +| | I.3.2    Signals ..... | 4 | +| | I.3.3    Y, P B , P R component set..... | 4 | +| I.4 | Impedance ..... | 5 | +| I.5 | Clamping and signal dc content..... | 5 | +| I.6 | Component timing ..... | 5 | +| I.7 | Horizontal blanking and synchronization ..... | 6 | +| I.8 | Vertical blanking and synchronization ..... | 7 | +| | I.8.1    1H video format..... | 7 | +| | I.8.2    2H video vertical timing ..... | 8 | +| I.9 | Interface characteristics ..... | 8 | +| | I.9.1    Cable impedance and channel numbering ..... | 8 | +| | I.9.2    Signal sources ..... | 8 | +| | I.9.3    Signal amplitudes ..... | 8 | +| | I.9.4    Time coincidence..... | 8 | +| I.10 | Connector and cable..... | 8 | +| | I.10.1    Connector..... | 9 | +| | I.10.2    Cable..... | 9 | +| I.11 | Measurements ..... | 9 | +| | Appendix II – Analogue component parallel video interfaces for 480 active lines interlaced and progressive scanning structures..... | 11 | +| II.1 | Introduction..... | 11 | +| II.2 | Copy protection..... | 12 | +| II.3 | Video components ..... | 12 | +| | II.3.1    Black level and blanking level..... | 12 | + +| | Page | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| II.3.2 Signals ..... | 12 | +| II.3.3 Y, P B , P R component set..... | 12 | +| II.3.4 Measurements ..... | 13 | +| II.4 Impedance ..... | 13 | +| II.5 Clamping and signal dc content..... | 13 | +| II.6 Component timing ..... | 13 | +| II.7 Horizontal blanking and synchronization ..... | 13 | +| II.8 Vertical blanking and synchronization ..... | 14 | +| II.8.1 480i video format..... | 14 | +| II.8.2 480p video format..... | 15 | +| II.9 Interface characteristics ..... | 16 | +| II.9.1 Cable impedance, channel numbering and signal ..... | 16 | +| II.9.2 Signal source impedance and return loss..... | 16 | +| II.9.3 Signal amplitudes ..... | 16 | +| II.9.4 Time coincidence..... | 16 | +| II.9.5 Receiving device designation ..... | 16 | +| II.10 Connector specifications..... | 16 | +| II.11 Cables..... | 17 | +| Appendix III – Analogue component parallel video interfaces for 720 progressive active lines and 1080 interlaced active lines scanning structures ..... | 19 | +| III.1 Introduction..... | 19 | +| III.2 Copy protection..... | 19 | +| III.3 General..... | 20 | +| III.4 Scanning..... | 20 | +| III.4.1 Pixel frequency ..... | 20 | +| III.4.2 Lines ..... | 20 | +| III.4.3 Timing instants ..... | 20 | +| III.4.4 Progressive systems ..... | 20 | +| III.4.5 Interlaced systems..... | 20 | +| III.5 System colorimetry ..... | 21 | +| III.5.1 Colorimetric analysis and optoelectronic transfer ..... | 21 | +| III.5.2 Wide-gamut colour signals..... | 21 | +| III.5.3 Linear representation ..... | 21 | +| III.5.4 Computing non-linear primary components..... | 21 | +| III.5.5 Signal level range ..... | 21 | +| III.5.6 Y' computation ..... | 22 | +| III.5.7 Colour-difference component signals..... | 22 | + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| III.6 Raster structures..... | 22 | +| III.6.1 Vertical timing..... | 22 | +| III.6.2 Frame lines ..... | 22 | +| III.6.3 Field lines ..... | 22 | +| III.6.4 Blanking level..... | 22 | +| III.6.5 Clean aperture..... | 22 | +| III.6.6 Sample encroachment..... | 23 | +| III.7 Analogue synchronization ..... | 23 | +| III.7.1 Analogue sync for the 720p systems ..... | 23 | +| III.7.2 Analogue sync for the 1080i systems..... | 24 | +| III.8 Electrical interface specifications (720p and 1080i)..... | 25 | +| III.8.1 Video specifications ..... | 25 | +| III.8.2 Control signals..... | 26 | +| III.8.3 User format designation..... | 26 | +| III.9 Connector specifications..... | 26 | +| III.10 Cables..... | 26 | +| III.11 Reference impedance..... | 26 | +| Appendix IV – Interface between digital tuner and television receiver using D-connector selected from EIAJ CP-4120 ..... | 31 | +| IV.1 Scope..... | 31 | +| IV.2 Terms and definitions ..... | 31 | +| IV.2.1 Video format identification signal lines ..... | 31 | +| IV.2.2 Reserved lines..... | 31 | +| IV.2.3 Plug insertion detection ..... | 31 | +| IV.2.4 Representation of video format ..... | 31 | +| IV.3 Electrical characteristics ..... | 31 | +| IV.3.1 Video signal..... | 31 | +| IV.3.2 Video format identification signals ..... | 33 | +| IV.4 Video format identification lines ..... | 33 | +| IV.5 Plug insertion detection ..... | 34 | +| IV.6 Specifications of D-connector ..... | 35 | +| IV.6.1 Feature and rating of D-connector..... | 35 | +| IV.6.2 Pin assignment of D-connector..... | 35 | +| IV.7 Specifications of D-connector cable..... | 35 | +| IV.8 Marking of D-connector on television and digital tuner..... | 35 | + +# **Parameter sets for analogue interface specifications for the interconnection of set-top boxes and presentation devices in the home** + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines the characteristics of the interface between television set-top boxes and television presentation devices in the home, when such signals are provided in analogue component video form carried on three parallel channels for 60 Hz display. + +This Recommendation recognizes that television users in the home are likely to access television programmes, sound-broadcast programmes and other additional services from a variety of service providers that use a variety of delivery systems. + +For instance, a television user may access television programmes and sound programmes from a cable television network to which he is connected, from terrestrial broadcasting, from satellite broadcasting, from recorded material such as videocassettes, DVDs and CDs, or even from the Internet. + +Such programmes may be received in digital form or in analogue form, and they may be open, or may be subject to conditional access. + +Reception and presentation of this host of programmes in different formats require the use of a variety of demodulators and decoders. Such devices could be integrated into the home television receiver, but this condition is sometimes not viable due to constraints imposed by the marketplace. The present situation is that signals received on different delivery systems are often processed in different, dedicated "set-top boxes" which provide outputs to the television and sound displays in a form that a normal television or sound display can understand, e.g. as analogue component or analogue composite signals. + +# 2 Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- ITU-R BT.709-4 (2000), *Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and international programme exchange*. + +# 3 Informative references + +- EIAJ CP-4120, *EIAJ Connector Type D*. + +# 4 Bibliography + +- ANSI/SMPTE 125M-1995, *Television – Component Video Signal 4:2:2 – Bit-Parallel Digital Interface*. +- ANSI/SMPTE 170M-1999, *Television – Composite Analog Video Signal – NTSC for Studio Applications*. + +- ANSI/SMPTE 253M-1998, *Television – Three-Channel RGB Analog Video Interface*. +- ANSI/SMPTE 274M-1998, *Television – 1920 × 1080 Scanning and Analog and Parallel Digital Interfaces for Multiple-Picture Rates*. +- ANSI/SMPTE 293M-1996, *Television – 720 × 483 Active Line at 59.94 Hz Progressive Scan Production – Digital Representation*. +- ANSI/SMPTE 296M-2001, *Television – 1280 × 720 Progressive Image Sample Structure – Analog and Digital Representation and Analog Interface*. +- ANSI/SMPTE RP 177-1993, *Derivation of Basic Television Colour Equations*. +- CIE Publication 15.2 (1986), *Colorimetry*, Second Edition. + +# 5 Recommendation + +It is recommended that the parameter sets defined in Table 1 should be used when interface signals are delivered from the output of the set-top box to the input of the home presentation device in analogue component video form on three parallel channels. + +**Table 1/J.182 – Parameter sets for analogue component video interface** + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|---|-----|--------|--------|-------|-------|-------|------|-------|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|---|---|-----|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|------|-------|-------| +| Television system | 525/59.94(60)/2:1 | 525/59.94(60)/1:1 | 750/59.94(60)/1:1 | 1125/59.94(60)/2:1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Black level and blanking | 0 V | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Signals to be used | Y, P B , and P R | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Synchronization pulse on/off selection | Y with Sync Pulse, P B /P R without Sync Pulse | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Chromaticity coordinates
(CIE, 1931)
(See Note) |
x y
Red 0.630 0.340
Green 0.310 0.595
Blue 0.155 0.070
| | | x | y | Red | 0.630 | 0.340 | Green | 0.310 | 0.595 | Blue | 0.155 | 0.070 |
x y
Red 0.640 0.330
Green 0.300 0.600
Blue 0.150 0.060
| | | x | y | Red | 0.640 | 0.330 | Green | 0.300 | 0.600 | Blue | 0.150 | 0.060 | +| | x | y | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Red | 0.630 | 0.340 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Green | 0.310 | 0.595 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Blue | 0.155 | 0.070 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| | x | y | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Red | 0.640 | 0.330 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Green | 0.300 | 0.600 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Blue | 0.150 | 0.060 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Reference white |
x y
D65 0.3127 0.3290
| | | x | y | D65 | 0.3127 | 0.3290 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| | x | y | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| D65 | 0.3127 | 0.3290 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Opto-electronic transfer characteristics at source | $V' = 4.5 L$ for $0.018 > L \geq 0$
$V' = 1.099 L^{0.45} - 0.099$ for $1.00 \geq L \geq 0.018$
where:
L: luminance of the image $1 \geq L \geq 0$
V': corresponding electrical signal | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Luminance and chrominance equations | $Y' = 0.299R' + 0.587G' + 0.114B'$
$P_B' = (B' - Y')/1.772$
$P_R' = (R' - Y')/1.402$ | | $Y' = 0.2126R' + 0.7152G' + 0.0722B'$
$P_B' = (B' - Y')/1.8556$
$P_R' = (R' - Y')/1.5748$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Signal amplitude for 100/100 colour bar | Y: 0 to +714 mV
Sync:
0 to –286 mV
(Appendix I)

Y: 0 to +700 mV
Sync:
0 to –300 mV
(Appendices II and IV)
P B /P R : ± 350 mV | Y: 0 to +700 mV
P B /P R : ± 350 mV
Sync:
0 to –300 mV
(Appendix II) | Y: 0 to +700 mV
P B /P R : ± 350 mV
Sync: 0 to ± 300 mV
(Appendix III) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Connector | RCA phono connector with 75 Ω (nominal) or EIAJ-D Connector (Appendix IV) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Cable impedance | 75 Ω ± 5 % | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE – Use of the unified colourimetry should be studied (see ITU-R BT.1361). | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +# APPENDIX I + +## Analogue component parallel video interfaces for 525-line interlaced and progressive scanning structures + +### I.1 Introduction + +This appendix describes the main characteristics of home interconnection interfaces for two scanning structures, both capable of either 4:3 or 16:9 aspect ratios for: + +- a scanning structure having 525 lines, 59.94 fields/s, 2:1 interlaced, and a horizontal scanning rate of 15.734 kHz (1H); +- a scanning structure having 525 lines, 59.94 frames per second, progressively scanned, and having a horizontal scanning rate of 31.47 kHz (2H). + +Both scanning structures are currently used in standard-definition television home displays. + +Signal characteristics are defined by a gamma-corrected component set: a luminance video and two accompanying colour-difference signals. + +### I.2 Copy protection + +Users of this Recommendation should note that, at some future point, copy protection parameters, methods and/or standards are expected to be established with which copy-protected content traversing the component video interface should be required to comply. + +### I.3 Video components + +#### I.3.1 Blanking level + +Blanking level is defined as the level during the clamp period shown in Figures I.1 and I.4. + +#### I.3.2 Signals + +The three channels of the interface are designated to carry specific signals as shown in Table I.1. + +**Table I.1/J.182 – Channel specification** + +| | Y, PB, PR component set | | +|-----------|------------------------------------------------------|----------------| +| Channel 1 | Luminance | Y | +| Channel 2 | Scaled B – Y | P B | +| Channel 3 | Scaled R – Y | P R | + +#### I.3.3 Y, PB, PR component set + +The component set (Y, PB, PR) is derived from positive-going primary colour signals (R,G,B).1 + +The luminance (Y) and colour difference (B – Y, R – Y) signals are first formulated according to the basic equations: + +--- + +1 The RGB signals in 3.3 are gamma-corrected, and therefore, the prime convention is not included within this Recommendation. + +$$\begin{aligned} +Y &= 0.299R + 0.587G + 0.114B \\ +B - Y &= -0.299R - 0.587G + 0.886B \\ +R - Y &= 0.701R - 0.587G - 0.114B +\end{aligned}$$ + +These resulting three component video signals are additionally specified in I.3.3.1, I.3.3.2 and I.3.3.3. + +##### I.3.3.1 Luminance Y + +The luminance (Y) signal, as derived in I.3.3, has a peak video amplitude of 714 mV (100 IRE) from blanking level. A negative-going sync pulse of 286 mV (–40 IRE), conforming to the timing requirements of I.7 and Figure I.4, is added to the luminance signal as the only timing reference for the Y, PB, PR component set. + +Black level setup should be either none or 7.5 IRE ± 2 IRE from blanking level to the reference white level. + +##### I.3.3.2 Colour difference signal PB + +PB should be amplitude scaled B – Y according to: + +$$P_B = (B - Y)/1.772$$ + +After such scaling, the PB signal should have a maximum peak amplitude of ±350 mV (±49 IRE) over or under blanking level. + +The PB signal should be a bipolar video signal and should conform to the timing requirements of Figure I.1. The dc level of PB during the clamp period shown in Figure I.1 should be at blanking level. + +##### I.3.3.3 Colour difference signal PR + +PR should be amplitude scaled R – Y according to: + +$$P_R = (R - Y)/1.402$$ + +After such scaling, the PR signal should have a maximum peak amplitude of ±350 mV (±49 IRE) over or under blanking level. + +The PR should be a bipolar video signal that conforms to the timing requirements of Figure I.1. The dc level of PR during the clamp period shown in Figure I.1 should be at blanking level. + +### I.4 Impedance + +Equipment using this interface should have 75 ohms ± 5% input and output impedance. + +### I.5 Clamping and signal dc content + +The clamp period shown in Figures I.1 and I.4 may be used as a dc level clamp reference. + +The dc offset, as defined by the blanking level of the signal, should be 0.0 V ± 1.0 V. + +### I.6 Component timing + +The three component video signals Y, PB, PR should be coincident with respect to each other within ±5 ns. + +### I.7 Horizontal blanking and synchronization + +Each line outside the vertical blanking interval is divided into an active line period and a horizontal blanking interval. The horizontal blanking interval for the Y signal contains the negative-going horizontal sync pulse. The remainder of the horizontal blanking interval is at blanking level and may be used for signal dc clamping. Horizontal timing for the 1H video format should be as given in Table I.2, and shown in Figure I.4. + +**Table I.2/J.182 – 1H (480i) video signal horizontal timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|---------------------------------|--------------------|--------|-----------------------|-------| +| Total line period (derived) | | 63.556 | – | µs | +| Horizontal blanking rise time | 10-90% | 140 | ±20 | ns | +| Sync rise time | 10-90% | 140 | ±20 | ns | +| H-blanking start to H-reference | 50% | 1.5 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Horizontal sync | 50% | 4.7 | ±0.1 | µs | +| H-reference to clamp start | 50% | 5.7 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Horizontal clamp period | 50% | 2.7 | ±0.1 | µs | +| H-reference to H-blanking end | 50% | 9.2 | +0.2, –0.1 | µs | + +NOTE – It is recognized that horizontal blanking operating values may vary from the precise values given in order to meet operational requirements in practical systems. + +Horizontal timing for the 2H video format should be as given in Table I.3, and as represented in Figure I.4. + +**Table I.3/J.182 – 2H (480p) video signal horizontal timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|---------------------------------|--------------------|--------|-----------------------|-------| +| Total line period (derived) | | 31.776 | – | µs | +| Horizontal blanking rise time | 10-90% | 70 | ±10 | ns | +| Sync rise time | 10-90% | 70 | ±10 | ns | +| H-blanking start to H-reference | 50% | .59 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Horizontal sync | 50% | 2.33 | ±0.1 | µs | +| H-reference to clamp start | 50% | 2.85 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Horizontal clamp period | 50% | 1.35 | ±0.1 | µs | +| H-reference to H-blanking end | 50% | 4.52 | +0.2, –0.1 | µs | + +NOTE – It is recognized that horizontal blanking operating values may vary from the precise values given in order to meet operational requirements in practical systems. + +### I.8 Vertical blanking and synchronization + +#### I.8.1 1H video format + +For the interlaced raster (1H), each television frame (one complete scanning of the picture) is divided into two fields. The fields carry every other scan line in succession with succeeding fields carrying the lines not scanned by the previous field. For the double scanned interface (2H), each field is identical and is progressively scanned. + +Each field should be divided into an active picture area and a vertical blanking interval. The vertical blanking interval for the Y luminance signal should contain the vertical synchronizing information surrounded by blanking periods to properly position the vertical sync and by space allocated for special vertical interval signals (equalizing pulses), as specified in Table I.4 and shown in Figure I.2. + +**Table I.4/J.182 – 1H (480i) video signal vertical timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------|----------------------------| +| Field period (derived) | | 16.6833 | | ms | +| Frame period (derived) | | 33.3667 | | ms | +| Vertical blanking start before first equalizing pulse | 50% | 1.5 | $\pm 0.1$ | $\mu\text{s}$ | +| Vertical blanking
( $63.556 \mu\text{s} \times 20 \text{ lines} + 1.5 \mu\text{s}$ )
(Approx. value: see notes) | | 20 lines
plus
1.5 $\mu\text{s}$ | 0

$\pm 0.1$ | lines

$\mu\text{s}$ | +| Pre-equalizing duration | | 3 | | lines | +| Pre-equalizing pulse width | 50% | 2.3 | $\pm 0.1$ | $\mu\text{s}$ | +| Vertical sync duration | | 3 | | lines | +| Vertical serration pulse width | 50% | 4.7 | $\pm 0.1$ | $\mu\text{s}$ | +| Post-equalizing duration | | 3 | | lines | +| Post-equalizing pulse width | 50% | 2.3 | $\pm 0.1$ | $\mu\text{s}$ | +| NOTE 1 – Some component equipment does not blank lines 20 and 282, resulting in 19-line ( $\pm 1.5 \mu\text{s}$ ) vertical blanking. | | | | | +| NOTE 2 – All pulse rise and fall times, unless otherwise specified, are to be $140 \text{ ns} \pm 20 \text{ ns}$ measured from 10% to 90% amplitude points. All pulses are measured at 50% amplitude points. | | | | | +| NOTE 3 – Line 21 is designated for other uses, including closed captioning. | | | | | + +For 1H, the vertical synchronization signal should consist of a nine-line block divided into three, three-line-long segments. The first segment should contain six pre-equalizing pulses. The second segment should contain the vertical synchronizing pulse with six serrations provided to maintain horizontal synchronization. The third segment should contain six post-equalizing pulses. + +The remainder of the vertical blanking interval not used for the nine-line vertical sync block should be available for special vertical interval signals2. When such signals are carried on a particular line, the signals should conform to the period between horizontal blanking intervals. When such signals are not carried on a particular line, the line should be maintained at blanking level. + +2 Many television systems use line 10 for clamping levels or other information. Therefore, line 10 should not be used for data, since such use may interfere with system operation. + +#### I.8.2 2H video vertical timing + +For the double scanned interface (2H), the raster is progressively scanned. Each field should be divided into an active picture area and a vertical blanking interval. The vertical blanking interval for the Y luminance signal should contain the vertical synchronizing information surrounded by blanking periods to properly position the vertical sync. The vertical timing should be as specified in Tables I.5 and I.6 and shown in Figure I.3. + +**Table I.5/J.182 – 2H (480p) video signal vertical timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------|-----------------------|-------------| +| Frame period (derived) | | 16.6833 | | ms | +| Vertical blanking
(31.776 µs × 45 lines + 0.59 µs) | | 45 lines
+0.59 µs | 0
±0.05 | lines
µs | +| Vertical sync duration | | 6 | | lines | +| Vertical serration pulse width | 50% | 2.33 | ±0.05 | µs | + +NOTE – All pulse rise and fall times, unless otherwise specified, are to be 70 ns ± 10 ns measured from 10% to 90% amplitude points. All pulses are measured at 50% amplitude points. + +**Table I.6/J.182 – Other 2H (480p) vertical timing parameters** + +| Duration in line intervals | | | | Pulse width | Line no. in sequence | | | | +|----------------------------|---|----|----|-------------|----------------------|---|----|----| +| A | B | C | D | a-b | α | β | χ | δ | +| 9 | 6 | 30 | 45 | 2.33 µs | 1 | 7 | 13 | 45 | + +### I.9 Interface characteristics + +#### I.9.1 Cable impedance and channel numbering + +Each of the three signals should be carried on an unbalanced coaxial cable whose impedance is 75 ohms ± 5%. The channel numbering and signal should be Ch1: Y, Ch2: PB, and Ch3: PR. + +#### I.9.2 Signal sources + +Signal sources should have an unbalanced output circuit with a source impedance of 75 ohms and a return loss of at least 30 dB over a frequency range of 1 kHz to the maximum of the frequency range used. + +#### I.9.3 Signal amplitudes + +Signal amplitudes should conform to I.3. + +#### I.9.4 Time coincidence + +Any pair of signals in the set should be time coincident with respect to each other ±5 ns when used in a component system. + +### I.10 Connector and cable + +Two different connectors are permissible under this Recommendation. The preferred implementation incorporates a cable and connector arrangement for each of the three parallel signals. + +#### I.10.1 Connector + +Primary connector should be the RCA phono connector (plug and jack), with a 75 ohms $\pm 5\%$ impedance. The connector colour code should be as shown in Table I.7. + +**Table I.7/J.182 – Connector colour code** + +| Channel number | Signal assignment | Connector colour code | +|----------------|-------------------|-----------------------| +| CH1 | Y | Green | +| CH2 | $P_B$ | Blue | +| CH3 | $P_R$ | Red | + +#### I.10.2 Cable + +The recommended cable should consist of three individual, insulated coaxial cables, each housed in a non-metallic jacket. Each individual coax should adhere to the following specifications: + +- a) Impedance: $75 \Omega \pm 5\%$ . +- b) 100 kHz to 5.0 MHz. + +### I.11 Measurements + +For measurement of the specified voltage and timing values, an impedance of $75 \Omega \pm 1\%$ should be used. + +![Figure I.1/J.182 – Y, PB, PR component set (100/0/100/0 color bar example). The figure shows three waveforms over time. The top waveform is Channel 1 (Y), with a vertical scale from -286 to +714 mV. The middle waveform is Channel 2 (PB), with a vertical scale from -350 to +350 mV. The bottom waveform is Channel 3 (PR), with a vertical scale from -350 to +350 mV. Above the waveforms is a color bar with labels: WHT, YEL, CYN, GRN, MGT, RED, BLU, BLK. At the bottom, horizontal arrows indicate the 'Clamp period' and 'Sync period'. The text 'T0911730-00' is in the bottom right corner.](865a630eb1b708bd28250dfeb33dd8f1_img.jpg) + +Figure I.1/J.182 – Y, PB, PR component set (100/0/100/0 color bar example). The figure shows three waveforms over time. The top waveform is Channel 1 (Y), with a vertical scale from -286 to +714 mV. The middle waveform is Channel 2 (PB), with a vertical scale from -350 to +350 mV. The bottom waveform is Channel 3 (PR), with a vertical scale from -350 to +350 mV. Above the waveforms is a color bar with labels: WHT, YEL, CYN, GRN, MGT, RED, BLU, BLK. At the bottom, horizontal arrows indicate the 'Clamp period' and 'Sync period'. The text 'T0911730-00' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure I.1/J.182 – Y, $P_B$ , $P_R$ component set (100/0/100/0 color bar example)** + +![Timing diagram for 1H (480i) vertical blanking interval showing Y, PB, and PR signals with various timing parameters like 1.5 μs, 3H, 0.5H, and line numbers.](1d529a819ad929684331c55eed6673bb_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the vertical blanking interval for a 1H (480i) signal. It shows signal traces for Y (luminance) and PB/PR (color difference) components. The top section shows Field 1 (lines 525, 1-21) and the bottom section shows Field 2 (lines 262-284). Key timing parameters and intervals include: + + +- Vertical blanking interval:** Spans from the start of the pre-equalizing pulses to the end of the blanking period before active video. +- 9 line vertical interval:** Comprises three 3H sections: Pre-equalizing pulse interval, Vertical sync pulse interval, and Post-equalizing pulse interval. +- 3H:** Duration of each of the three pulse intervals. +- 1.5 μs (see I.7):** Duration of the horizontal sync pulse. +- 0.5H:** Duration of the vertical sync serration and half-line intervals. +- Start of Field 1:** Indicated at the beginning of line 1. +- Start of Field 2:** Indicated at the middle of line 263. +- Line numbering:** Field 1 shows lines 525, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, ..., 19, 20, 21. Field 2 shows lines 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, ..., 282, 283, 284. + + Reference code: T0911740-00 + +Timing diagram for 1H (480i) vertical blanking interval showing Y, PB, and PR signals with various timing parameters like 1.5 μs, 3H, 0.5H, and line numbers. + +**Figure I.2/J.182 – 1H (480i) vertical blanking interval** + +![Timing diagram for 2H (480p) vertical blanking interval showing analog waveform and timing parameters α, β, χ, δ, A, B, C, D, a, and b.](f4d72193f77f6646a2a1f4baaa927154_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the vertical blanking interval for a 2H (480p) signal. It shows an analog waveform with various timing parameters defined by Greek and Latin letters: + + +- α:** Width of the horizontal sync pulse. +- β:** Width of the vertical sync serration pulse. +- χ:** Width of the equalizing pulse. +- δ:** Width of the horizontal sync pulse within the blanking interval. +- A:** Duration of the pre-equalizing pulse interval. +- B:** Duration of the vertical sync pulse interval. +- C:** Duration of the post-equalizing pulse interval. +- D:** Total duration of the vertical blanking interval. +- a:** Duration of a specific pulse within the vertical sync interval. +- b:** Duration between pulses in the vertical sync interval. + + Reference code: T0911750-00 + +Timing diagram for 2H (480p) vertical blanking interval showing analog waveform and timing parameters α, β, χ, δ, A, B, C, D, a, and b. + +**Figure I.3/J.182 – 2H (480p) vertical blanking interval** + +![Figure I.4/J.182 – Horizontal blanking interval, Y luminance signal. This waveform diagram shows the Y luminance signal during the horizontal blanking interval. The vertical axis represents signal level with markers at 10%, 50%, and 90%. The horizontal axis represents time. Key timing parameters are labeled: 'H Blanking rise time' (from 90% level to start of sync), 'Blanking Start to H reference' (from start of sync to horizontal reference point), 'Sync' (duration of the sync pulse), 'Sync rise time' (time for sync to rise from 10% to 90%), 'Sync to clamp' (time from start of sync to start of clamp), 'Clamp period' (duration of the color burst), and 'H reference to Blanking End' (from horizontal reference point to end of blanking). The signal levels for the active video are shown as 90% (reference white), 50% (mid-level), and 10% (black reference). A label 'T0911760-00' is in the bottom right corner.](b53846f262c6904a1b45abef2e95fbd8_img.jpg) + +Figure I.4/J.182 – Horizontal blanking interval, Y luminance signal. This waveform diagram shows the Y luminance signal during the horizontal blanking interval. The vertical axis represents signal level with markers at 10%, 50%, and 90%. The horizontal axis represents time. Key timing parameters are labeled: 'H Blanking rise time' (from 90% level to start of sync), 'Blanking Start to H reference' (from start of sync to horizontal reference point), 'Sync' (duration of the sync pulse), 'Sync rise time' (time for sync to rise from 10% to 90%), 'Sync to clamp' (time from start of sync to start of clamp), 'Clamp period' (duration of the color burst), and 'H reference to Blanking End' (from horizontal reference point to end of blanking). The signal levels for the active video are shown as 90% (reference white), 50% (mid-level), and 10% (black reference). A label 'T0911760-00' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure I.4/J.182 – Horizontal blanking interval, Y luminance signal** + +# APPENDIX II + +## Analogue component parallel video interfaces for 480 active lines interlaced and progressive scanning structures + +### II.1 Introduction + +This appendix describes the main characteristics of home interconnection interfaces for two scanning structures, both capable of either 4:3 or 16:9 aspect ratios: + +- a scanning structure of 480 active lines and 525 total lines, 2:1 interlaced at 59.94 or 60 fields/s; +- a scanning structure of 480 active lines and 525 total lines progressively scanned at 59.94 and 60 frames/s. + +Both scanning structures are currently used in standard-definition television home displays. + +The signal characteristics are defined by a gamma-corrected component set: a luminance video and two accompanying colour-difference signals. + +Table II.1 presents the permissible scanning systems of this Recommendation. A compliant interface should implement one or more of these permissible scanning systems. The signal characteristics are defined by a gamma-corrected component set: a luminance video and two accompanying colour-difference signals. + +**Table II.1/J.182 – Scanning systems** + +| | Pixels per active line | Active lines per frame | Frame rate (Hz) | Scanning format | Total samples per line | Total lines per frame | +|---|------------------------|------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|------------------------|-----------------------| +| 1 | 704 | 480 | 30 | Interlaced | 858 | 525 | +| 2 | 704 | 480 | 30/1.001 | Interlaced | 858 | 525 | +| 3 | 720 | 480 | 30 | Interlaced | 858 | 525 | +| 4 | 720 | 480 | 30/1.001 | Interlaced | 858 | 525 | +| 5 | 704 | 480 | 60 | Progressive | 858 | 525 | +| 6 | 704 | 480 | 60/1.001 | Progressive | 858 | 525 | +| 7 | 720 | 480 | 60 | Progressive | 858 | 525 | +| 8 | 720 | 480 | 60/1.001 | Progressive | 858 | 525 | + +### II.2 Copy protection + +Users of this Recommendation should note that, at some future point, copy protection parameters, methods and/or standards are expected to be established with which copy-protected content traversing the component video interface should be required to comply. + +### II.3 Video components + +#### II.3.1 Black level and blanking level + +Black level and blanking level should be at 0 V as shown in Figures II.1 and II.4. The signal set on this interface has no setup, so black level and blanking level are the same. + +#### II.3.2 Signals + +The three channels of the interface are designated to carry specific signals as shown in Table II.2. + +**Table II.2/J.182 – Channel specification** + +| | Y, P B , P R component set | | +|-----------|--------------------------------------------------|----------------| +| Channel 1 | Luminance | Y | +| Channel 2 | Scaled B – Y | P B | +| Channel 3 | Scaled R – Y | P R | + +#### II.3.3 Y, PB, PR component set + +The component set (Y, PB, PR) is derived from positive-going primary colour signals (R,G,B) which are positive-going, each having a peak level of 700 mV from blanking, with zero setup. + +As indicated in SMPTE 170M, the luminance (Y) and colour difference (B – Y, R – Y) signals are first formulated according to the basic equations: + +$$Y = 0.299R + 0.587G + 0.114B$$ + +$$B - Y = -0.299R - 0.587G + 0.886B$$ + +$$R - Y = 0.701R - 0.587G - 0.114B$$ + +These resulting three component video signals are additionally specified in II.3.3.1, II.3.3.2 and II.3.3.3. + +##### II.3.3.1 Luminance Y + +In the case where all the R, G and B primary video signals are 700 mV, the resulting luminance (Y) signal has a peak video amplitude of 700 mV from blanking level, with zero setup. A negative-going bi-level sync pulse of 300 mV, conforming to the timing requirements of II.7 and Figure II.4, is added to the luminance signal as the only timing reference for the Y, $P_B$ , $P_R$ component set. + +##### II.3.3.2 Colour difference signal $P_B$ + +$P_B$ should be amplitude scaled B-Y according to: + +$$P_B = (B - Y)/1.772$$ + +After such scaling, the $P_B$ signal should have a maximum peak amplitude of $\pm 350$ mV over and under blanking level. + +The $P_B$ signal should be a bipolar video signal and should conform to the timing requirements of Figure II.1. The dc level of $P_B$ during the clamp period shown in Figure II.1 should be at reference black with a voltage level of 0 V. + +##### II.3.3.3 Colour difference signal $P_R$ + +$P_R$ should be amplitude scaled R-Y according to: + +$$P_R = (R - Y)/1.402$$ + +After such scaling, the $P_R$ signal should have a maximum peak amplitude of $\pm 350$ mV over and under blanking level. + +The $P_R$ should be a bipolar video signal that conforms to the timing requirements of Figure II.1. The dc level of $P_R$ during the clamp period shown in Figure II.1 should be at reference black with a voltage level of 0 V. + +#### II.3.4 Measurements + +For measurement of the specified voltage and timing values, an impedance of 75 ohms $\pm 1\%$ should be used. + +### II.4 Impedance + +Equipment using this interface should have nominal $75 \Omega \pm 5\%$ input and output impedance. + +### II.5 Clamping and signal dc content + +The clamp period shown in Figures II.1 and II.4 may be used as a dc level clamp reference. + +The dc offset, as defined by the blanking level of the signal, should be $0.0 \text{ V} \pm 1.0 \text{ V}$ . + +### II.6 Component timing + +The three component video signals Y, $P_B$ , $P_R$ should be coincident with respect to each other within $\pm 5$ ns. + +### II.7 Horizontal blanking and synchronization + +Each line outside the vertical blanking interval is divided into an active line period and a horizontal blanking interval. The horizontal blanking interval for the Y signal contains the negative-going horizontal sync pulse. The remainder of the horizontal blanking interval is at blanking level and may be used for signal dc clamping. Horizontal timing for 480i should be as given in Table II.3 and as + +shown in Figure II.4. Horizontal timing for 480p should be as given in Table II.4, and as shown in Figure II.4. + +**Table II.3/J.182 – 480i video signal horizontal timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|---------------------------------|--------------------|--------|-----------------------|-------| +| Total line period (derived) | | 63.556 | – | µs | +| Horizontal blanking rise time | 10-90% | 140 | ±20 | ns | +| Sync rise time | 10-90% | 140 | ±20 | ns | +| H-blanking start to H-reference | 50% | 1.5 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Horizontal sync | 50% | 4.7 | ±0.1 | µs | +| H-reference to clamp start | 50% | 5.7 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Horizontal clamp period | 50% | 2.7 | ±0.1 | µs | +| H-reference to H-blanking end | 50% | 9.2 | +0.2, –0.1 | µs | + +NOTE – It is recognized that horizontal blanking operating values may vary from the precise values given in order to meet operational requirements in practical systems. + +**Table II.4/J.182 – 480p video signal horizontal timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|---------------------------------|--------------------|--------|-----------------------|-------| +| Total line period (derived) | | 31.776 | – | µs | +| Horizontal blanking rise time | 10-90% | 70 | ±10 | ns | +| Sync rise time | 10-90% | 70 | ±10 | ns | +| H-blanking start to H-reference | 50% | 0.59 | ±0.05 | µs | +| Horizontal sync | 50% | 2.33 | ±0.05 | µs | +| H-reference to clamp start | 50% | 2.85 | ±0.05 | µs | +| Horizontal clamp period | 50% | 1.35 | ±0.05 | µs | +| H-reference to H-blanking end | 50% | 4.52 | +0.1, –0.05 | µs | + +NOTE – It is recognized that horizontal blanking operating values may vary from the precise values given in order to meet operational requirements in practical systems. + +### II.8 Vertical blanking and synchronization + +#### II.8.1 480i video format + +For the 480i video format, each television frame (one complete scanning of the picture) is divided into two fields. The fields carry every other scan line in succession with succeeding fields carrying the lines not scanned by the previous field. + +Each field should be divided into an active picture area and a vertical blanking interval. The vertical blanking interval for the Y luminance signal should contain the vertical synchronizing information surrounded by blanking periods to properly position the vertical sync and by space allocated for special vertical interval signals (equalizing pulses), as specified in Table II.5 and shown in Figure II.2. + +**Table II.5/J.182 – 480i video signal vertical timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------------|-----------------------|-----------------| +| Field period (derived) | | 16.6833 | | ms | +| Frame period (derived) | | 33.3667 | | ms | +| Vertical blanking start before first equalizing pulse | 50% | 1.5 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Vertical blanking (Note 3)
(63.556 µs × 20 lines + 1.5 µs)
(Approx. value: see notes) | | 20 lines
plus
1.5 µs | 0

±0.1 | lines

µs | +| Pre-equalizing duration | | 3 | | lines | +| Pre-equalizing pulse width | 50% | 2.3 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Vertical sync duration | | 3 | | lines | +| Vertical serration pulse width | 50% | 4.7 | ±0.1 | µs | +| Post-equalizing duration | | 3 | | lines | +| Post-equalizing pulse width | 50% | 2.3 | ±0.1 | µs | + +NOTE 1 – Some component equipment does not blank lines 20 and 282, resulting in 19-line (±1.5 µs) vertical blanking. + +NOTE 2 – All pulse rise and fall times, unless otherwise specified, are to be 140 ns ± 20 ns measured from 10% to 90% amplitude points. All pulses are measured at 50% amplitude points. + +NOTE 3 – Line 21 is designated for other uses, including closed captioning. + +The vertical synchronization signal should consist of a nine-line block, divided into three, and three-line-long segments. The first segment should contain six pre-equalizing pulses. The second segment should contain the vertical synchronizing pulse with six serrations provided to maintain horizontal synchronization. The third segment should contain six post-equalizing pulses. + +The remainder of the vertical blanking interval not used for the nine-line vertical sync block should be available for special vertical interval signals3. When such signals are carried on a particular line, the signals should conform to the period between horizontal blanking intervals. When such signals are not carried on a particular line, the line should be maintained at blanking level. + +#### II.8.2 480p video format + +The 480p video format is progressively scanned from the top of the frame to bottom without skipping any lines. The frame should be divided into an active picture area and a vertical blanking interval. The vertical blanking interval for the Y luminance signal should contain the vertical synchronizing information surrounded by blanking periods to properly position the vertical sync. The vertical timing should be as in Tables II.6 and II.7 and shown in Figure II.3. + +3 Line 10 is used for clamping and switching, and should not be used for data. + +**Table II.6/J.182 – 480p video signal vertical timing** + +| | Measurement points | Value | Recommended tolerance | Units | +|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------|-----------------------|-------------| +| Frame period (derived) | | 16.6833 | | ms | +| Vertical blanking
(31.776 µs × 45 lines + 0.59 µs) | | 45 lines
+0.59 µs | 0
±0.05 | lines
µs | +| Vertical sync duration | | 6 | | lines | +| Vertical serration pulse width | 50% | 2.33 | ±0.05 | µs | + +NOTE – All pulse rise and fall times, unless otherwise specified, are to be 70 ns ± 10 ns measured from 10% to 90% amplitude points. All pulses are measured at 50% amplitude points. + +**Table II.7/J.182 – Other 480p vertical timing parameters (See Figure II.3)** + +| Duration in line intervals | | | | Pulse width | Line no. in sequence | | | | +|----------------------------|---|----|----|-------------|----------------------|---|----|----| +| A | B | C | D | a-b | α | β | χ | δ | +| 9 | 6 | 30 | 45 | 2.33 µs | 1 | 7 | 13 | 45 | + +### II.9 Interface characteristics + +#### II.9.1 Cable impedance, channel numbering and signal + +Each of the three signals should be carried on an unbalanced coaxial cable whose nominal impedance is 75 ohms ± 5%. The channel numbering and signal should be Ch1: Y, Ch2: PB, and Ch3: PR. + +#### II.9.2 Signal source impedance and return loss + +Signal sources should have an unbalanced output circuit with a source impedance of 75 ohms and a return loss of at least 30 dB over a frequency range of 1 kHz to the maximum of the frequency range used. + +#### II.9.3 Signal amplitudes + +Signal amplitudes should conform to II.3. + +#### II.9.4 Time coincidence + +Any pair of signals in the set should be time coincident with respect to each other within a ±5 ns period when used in a component system. + +#### II.9.5 Receiving device designation + +Provisions should be made at the video source, such as the set-top box, to permit the user to designate whether the intended receiving device is operating at 480i or at 480p scanning formats. + +### II.10 Connector specifications + +The following connector specifications should be used under this Recommendation. + +The connectors and pin assignments in Table II.8 should be used. + +Three RCA phono connectors (plug and jack) with the colour code in Table II.8 should be used. The impedance of each RCA phono connector should be 75 Ω ± 5%. + +**Table II.8/J.182 – RCA phono connector colour code** + +| Channel number | Signal assignment | Connector colour code | +|----------------|-------------------|-----------------------| +| CH1 | Y | Green | +| CH2 | P B | Blue | +| CH3 | P R | Red | + +### II.11 Cables + +For consumer devices having three coax connectors, the recommended cables should be insulated coaxial cables, each housed in a non-metallic jacket. Each individual coax cable should adhere to the following specifications: + +- a) Impedance: $75 \Omega \pm 5\%$ . +- b) 100 kHz to 30 MHz. + +![Figure II.1/J.182 – Y, PB, PR component set (100/0/100/0 color bar example). The figure shows three waveforms over time for Channel 1 (Y), Channel 2 (PB), and Channel 3 (PR). The Y channel has a peak of +700 mV. The PB and PR channels have peaks of +350 mV and -350 mV. Above the waveforms, color bars are labeled: WHT, YEL, CYN, GRN, MGT, RED, BLU, BLK. The 'Clamp period' and 'Sync period' are indicated at the bottom left.](b6bd6d8ee5821226bc79251ca5937e07_img.jpg) + +The figure displays three component signals (Y, PB, PR) over time, corresponding to a 100/0/100/0 color bar example. The Y signal (Channel 1) shows a step-like waveform with levels at 0, +700, +540, +380, +190, and 0 mV. The PB signal (Channel 2) shows levels at 0, +350, 0, -350, +350, 0, and -350 mV. The PR signal (Channel 3) shows levels at 0, +100, -350, +350, 0, and +100 mV. Above the waveforms, color bars are labeled: WHT, YEL, CYN, GRN, MGT, RED, BLU, BLK. The 'Clamp period' and 'Sync period' are indicated at the bottom left. The text 'T0911770-00' is visible in the bottom right. + +Figure II.1/J.182 – Y, PB, PR component set (100/0/100/0 color bar example). The figure shows three waveforms over time for Channel 1 (Y), Channel 2 (PB), and Channel 3 (PR). The Y channel has a peak of +700 mV. The PB and PR channels have peaks of +350 mV and -350 mV. Above the waveforms, color bars are labeled: WHT, YEL, CYN, GRN, MGT, RED, BLU, BLK. The 'Clamp period' and 'Sync period' are indicated at the bottom left. + +**Figure II.1/J.182 – Y, PB, PR component set (100/0/100/0 color bar example)** + +![Timing diagram for 480i vertical blanking interval showing Y, PB, and PR signals. The diagram includes labels for vertical blanking interval, 9 line vertical interval, 3H, 0.5H, 1.5 μs (see II.7), Start of Field 1, Pre-equalizing pulse interval, Vertical sync pulse interval, Post-equalizing pulse interval, Vertical sync serration, Start of Field 2, and line numbers 525, 1-12, 19-21, 262-275, 282-284. A code T0911780-00 is present at the bottom right.](645bea0b27d63e4a9a300af5793ae7d2_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the vertical blanking interval for the 480i video signal. It shows three signal lines: Y (luminance), PB (blue difference), and PR (red difference). The Y signal shows a series of horizontal sync pulses. Key timing parameters are defined: the total vertical blanking interval, a 9-line vertical interval, three horizontal intervals (3H), and half a horizontal interval (0.5H). A specific time of 1.5 μs is noted for the start of the blanking. The diagram is divided into two fields: Field 1 (lines 1-12 and 19-21 of frame 525) and Field 2 (lines 262-275 and 282-284 of frame 525). For Field 1, the pre-equalizing, vertical sync, and post-equalizing pulse intervals are marked, along with the vertical sync serration. The start of each field is indicated. A break in the signal lines is shown between lines 12 and 19. The code T0911780-00 is located at the bottom right. + +Timing diagram for 480i vertical blanking interval showing Y, PB, and PR signals. The diagram includes labels for vertical blanking interval, 9 line vertical interval, 3H, 0.5H, 1.5 μs (see II.7), Start of Field 1, Pre-equalizing pulse interval, Vertical sync pulse interval, Post-equalizing pulse interval, Vertical sync serration, Start of Field 2, and line numbers 525, 1-12, 19-21, 262-275, 282-284. A code T0911780-00 is present at the bottom right. + +Figure II.2/J.182 – 480i vertical blanking interval + +![Timing diagram for 480p vertical blanking interval showing an analog waveform with regions A, B, C, and D. It includes labels α, β, χ, δ, a, b, and D. A code T0911790-00 is present at the bottom right.](5500ab73cf84ccc0055eecf28889b4db_img.jpg) + +This diagram shows the vertical blanking interval for the 480p video signal. It features an analog waveform with four distinct regions: A (pre-equalizing), B (vertical sync), C (post-equalizing), and D (the total blanking interval). Timing parameters α, β, χ, and δ correspond to the durations of regions A, B, C, and D respectively. Within region B, two sub-intervals 'a' and 'b' are indicated. The waveform includes horizontal sync pulses and a break is shown between lines 12 and 19. The code T0911790-00 is located at the bottom right. + +Timing diagram for 480p vertical blanking interval showing an analog waveform with regions A, B, C, and D. It includes labels α, β, χ, δ, a, b, and D. A code T0911790-00 is present at the bottom right. + +Figure II.3/J.182 – 480p vertical blanking interval + +![Figure II.4/J.182 – Horizontal blanking interval, Y luminance signal. This waveform diagram shows the Y luminance signal during the horizontal blanking interval. The vertical axis represents signal level with markers at 10%, 50%, and 90% for both the active signal and the sync levels. The horizontal axis represents time. Key timing parameters are labeled: 'H Blanking rise time' (the time for the active signal to rise from 10% to 90% level), 'Sync to Clamp' (the time from the start of the sync to the start of the color burst), 'Sync rise time' (the time for the sync signal to rise from 10% to 90% level), 'Horizontal reference point 50%' (the point where the active signal crosses the 50% level), 'Blanking Start to H reference' (the time from the start of the blanking to the horizontal reference point), 'Sync' (the duration of the sync signal), 'Clamp Period' (the duration of the color burst), and 'H reference to Blanking End' (the time from the horizontal reference point to the end of the blanking). The signal levels are marked at 90%, 50%, and 10% for the active signal, and 10% for the sync signal. The diagram is labeled T0911800-00.](97f61e67792478fb6ce089868e503063_img.jpg) + +Figure II.4/J.182 – Horizontal blanking interval, Y luminance signal. This waveform diagram shows the Y luminance signal during the horizontal blanking interval. The vertical axis represents signal level with markers at 10%, 50%, and 90% for both the active signal and the sync levels. The horizontal axis represents time. Key timing parameters are labeled: 'H Blanking rise time' (the time for the active signal to rise from 10% to 90% level), 'Sync to Clamp' (the time from the start of the sync to the start of the color burst), 'Sync rise time' (the time for the sync signal to rise from 10% to 90% level), 'Horizontal reference point 50%' (the point where the active signal crosses the 50% level), 'Blanking Start to H reference' (the time from the start of the blanking to the horizontal reference point), 'Sync' (the duration of the sync signal), 'Clamp Period' (the duration of the color burst), and 'H reference to Blanking End' (the time from the horizontal reference point to the end of the blanking). The signal levels are marked at 90%, 50%, and 10% for the active signal, and 10% for the sync signal. The diagram is labeled T0911800-00. + +**Figure II.4/J.182 – Horizontal blanking interval, Y luminance signal** + +# APPENDIX III + +## **Analogue component parallel video interfaces for 720 progressive active lines and 1080 interlaced active lines scanning structures** + +### **III.1 Introduction** + +This appendix describes the main characteristics of home interconnection interfaces for two scanning structures: + +- a scanning structure of 720 active lines and 750 total lines, progressively scanned at 59.94 or 60 frames/s; +- a scanning structure of 1080 active lines and 1125 total lines, 2:1 interlaced at 59.94 or 60 fields/s. + +Both scanning structures are currently used in high-definition television home displays. + +The signal characteristics are defined by a gamma-corrected component set: a luminance video and two accompanying colour-difference signals. + +### **III.2 Copy protection** + +Users of this Recommendation should note that, at some future point, copy protection parameters, methods and/or standards are expected to be established with which copy-protected content traversing the component video interface should be required to comply. + +### III.3 General + +Scanning systems allowed in this Recommendation should conform to the parameters in Table III.1. + +**Table III.1/J.182 – Scanning Systems** + +| Scanning nomenclature | Samples per active line (S/AL) | Active lines per frame | Frame rate (Hz) | Scanning format | Pixel freq. (MHz) | Samples per total line (S/TL) | Total lines per frame | +|-----------------------|--------------------------------|------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|-------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------| +| 1) 1280 × 720 | 1280 | 720 | 60 | Progressive | 74.25 | 1650 | 750 | +| 2) 1280 × 720 | 1280 | 720 | 60/1.001 | Progressive | 74.176 | 1650 | 750 | +| 3) 1920 × 1080 | 1920 | 1080 | 30 | 2:1 Interlace | 74.25 | 2200 | 1125 | +| 4) 1920 × 1080 | 1920 | 1080 | 30/1.001 | 2:1 Interlace | 74.176 | 2200 | 1125 | + +NOTE – Scanning systems 1 and 2 may be referred to as 720p; systems 3 and 4 may be referred to as 1080i. + +### III.4 Scanning + +#### III.4.1 Pixel frequency + +Scanning should be based on the pixel frequency indicated in Table III.1, which should be maintained to a tolerance of $\pm 10$ ppm. + +#### III.4.2 Lines + +A frame should comprise the indicated total lines per frame. Each line of equal duration is determined by the sampling frequency and the samples per total line (S/TL). Each line should be uniformly scanned from left to right; lines in a frame should be uniformly scanned from top to bottom. Lines are numbered in time sequence according to the raster structure described in III.6. + +#### III.4.3 Timing instants + +Timing instants in each line should be defined with respect to a horizontal datum denoted by $0_H$ that is established by horizontal synchronizing (sync) information in III.7. Each line should be represented by a number of samples, equally spaced, as indicated by the column S/TL in Table III.1. The time between any two adjacent sample instants is called the reference clock interval $T$ . In each scanning system of Table III.1, $T$ should be equal to the inverse of pixel frequency. + +#### III.4.4 Progressive systems + +A progressive system should convey all the active picture lines per frame in order from top to bottom. + +#### III.4.5 Interlaced systems + +An interlaced system should scan a frame as a first field then as a second field, in which the scan lines of each field have twice the vertical spatial sampling pitch of the frame. Scanning lines in the second field should be displaced vertically by the vertical sampling pitch, and scanning timing should be delayed temporally by half the frame time, from scanning lines in the first field. + +For the 1080i system, the first field should convey 540 active picture lines, starting with the top picture line of the frame. The second field should convey 540 active picture lines, ending with the bottom picture line of the frame. + +### III.5 System colorimetry + +#### III.5.1 Colorimetric analysis and optoelectronic transfer + +Equipment should be designed in accordance with the colorimetric analysis and optoelectronic transfer function defined in this clause. This corresponds to ITU-R BT.709-4. + +Throughout this Recommendation, references to signals, represented by a single primed letter such as $R'$ , $G'$ , $B'$ , refer to signals to which the following transfer characteristics have been applied. Such signals are commonly described as being gamma corrected. + +#### III.5.2 Wide-gamut colour signals + +Digital representation and treatment of wide-gamut colour signals are not specified in the current edition of the international Recommendation for HDTV colorimetry, ITU-R BT.709-4. In particular, coding ranges for digital primary components $R'$ , $G'$ and $B'$ are not specified. Designers of new equipment are urged to take into account the approach and current status of international agreement. + +#### III.5.3 Linear representation + +Picture information should be linearly represented by red, green, and blue tristimulus values (RGB), lying in the range 0 (reference black) to 1 (reference white), whose colorimetric attributes are based upon reference primaries with the chromaticity coordinates in Table III.2, in conformance with ITU-R BT.709-4, and whose reference white conforms to CIE D65 as defined by CIE 15.2. + +**Table III.2/J.182 – Chromaticity coordinates** + +| | CIE x | CIE y | +|-----------------|--------|--------| +| Red primary | 0.640 | 0.330 | +| Green primary | 0.300 | 0.600 | +| Blue primary | 0.150 | 0.060 | +| White reference | 0.3127 | 0.3290 | + +NOTE – Under some circumstances the colorimetry of the source video may not be ITU-R BT.709-4 compliant. + +#### III.5.4 Computing non-linear primary components + +From the red, green, and blue tristimulus values, three non-linear primary components $R'$ , $G'$ and $B'$ should be computed according to the optoelectronic transfer function of ITU-R BT.709-4, where $L$ denotes a tristimulus value and $V'$ denotes a non-linear primary signal: + +$$V' = \begin{cases} 4.5, & 0 \leq L < 0.018 \\ 1.099L^{0.45} - 0.099, & 0.018 \leq L \leq 1 \end{cases}$$ + +#### III.5.5 Signal level range + +To ensure the proper interchange of picture information between analogue and digital representations, signal levels should be completely contained in the range specified between reference black and reference white specified in III.8, except for overshoots and undershoots due to processing. + +#### III.5.6 $Y'$ computation + +The $Y'$ component should be computed as a weighted sum of non-linear $R'$ $G'$ $B'$ primary components, using coefficients calculated from the reference primaries according to the method given in SMPTE RP 177: + +$$Y' = 0.2126 R' + 0.7152 G' + 0.0722 B'$$ + +#### III.5.7 Colour-difference component signals + +Colour-difference component signals $P'_B$ and $P'_R$ having the same excursion as the $Y'$ component should be computed as follows: + +$$P'_B = \frac{0.5 (B' - Y')}{1 - 0.0722}$$ + +$$P'_R = \frac{0.5 (R' - Y')}{1 - 0.2126}$$ + +### III.6 Raster structures + +#### III.6.1 Vertical timing + +Details for the vertical timing for each scanning system of Table III.1 are presented in Figures III.1 and III.2. + +#### III.6.2 Frame lines + +In progressive systems of 720p, each frame should comprise of 750 lines including: + +- vertical blanking, lines 1 though 25 inclusive (including vertical sync, lines 1 through 5 inclusive) and lines 746 through 750 lines inclusive; and +- picture, 720 lines, 26 through 745 inclusive. + +#### III.6.3 Field lines + +In interlaced systems of 1080i, the first field should comprise 563 lines including: + +- vertical blanking, lines 1 though 20 inclusive and lines 561 through 563; and +- picture, 540 lines, 21 through 560 inclusive. + +The second field should comprise 562 lines, including: + +- vertical blanking: lines 564 through 583 inclusive and lines 1124 and 1125; and +- picture, 540 lines, 584 through 1123 inclusive. + +Interlaced analogue vertical sync should be located on lines 1 through 5 for the first field and from halfway through line 563 to halfway through line 568 for the second field. + +#### III.6.4 Blanking level + +During time intervals not otherwise used, the $Y'$ , $P'_B$ , $P'_R$ , should have a blanking level corresponding to zero volts (reference black). + +#### III.6.5 Clean aperture + +The aspect ratio of the image for each system is represented by the production aperture, and the clean aperture should be 16:9. The sample aspect ratio is 1:1, which defines square pixels. + +#### III.6.6 Sample encroachment + +An encroachment of six samples maximum on each of the left and right edges of the production aperture is allowed for horizontal blanking errors generated by analogue processing. + +### III.7 Analogue synchronization + +#### III.7.1 Analogue sync for the 720p systems + +##### III.7.1.1 Analogue sync timing + +Details of analogue sync timing are shown in Figures III.4, III.5 and III.6, and are summarized in Table III.3. + +**Table III.3/J.182 – Sync timing for 720p systems** + +| | Duration (T) | Tolerance (T) | +|-----------------------|--------------|---------------| +| time a – Figure III.6 | 40 | $\pm 3$ | +| time b – Figure III.6 | 1540 | $-6, +0$ | +| time c – Figure III.6 | 40 | $\pm 3$ | +| time d – Figure III.6 | 260 | $-0, +6$ | +| time e – Figure III.6 | 260 | $-0, +6$ | +| Sync rise time | 4 | $\pm 1.5$ | +| Total lines | 1650 | | +| Active lines | 1280 | $-12, +0$ | + +##### III.7.1.2 $0_H$ Datum + +A positive zero-crossing of a tri-level sync pulse should define the $0_H$ datum for each line. A negative-going transition precedes this instant by 40 reference clock intervals, and another negative-going transition follows this instant by 40 reference clock intervals. + +##### III.7.1.3 Tri-level sync positive transition + +Positive transition of a tri-level sync pulse should be skew symmetric with a rise time from 10% to 90% of $4 \pm 1.5$ reference clock periods. The 50% point of each negative transition should be coincident with its ideal time within a tolerance of $\pm 3$ reference clock periods. + +##### III.7.1.4 Tri-level sync pulse structure and timing + +The tri-level sync pulse should have structure and timing according to Figures III.4 and III.6. The positive peak of the sync should have a level of $+300 \text{ mV} \pm 6 \text{ mV}$ ; its negative peak should have a level of $-300 \text{ mV} \pm 6 \text{ mV}$ . The amplitude difference between positive and negative sync pulses should be less than 6 mV. + +##### III.7.1.5 Line blanking level + +Each line that includes a vertical sync pulse should maintain blanking level, here denoted zero, except for the interval(s) occupied by sync pulses. During the horizontal blanking interval, areas not occupied by sync should be maintained at blanking level, here denoted zero. + +##### III.7.1.6 Frame initiation + +Each frame should commence with five vertical sync lines, each having a broad pulse. The leading 50% point of a broad pulse should be 250T after the preceding tri-level zero-crossing. The trailing 50% point of a broad pulse should be 1540T after the preceding tri-level zero-crossing. + +#### III.7.2 Analogue sync for the 1080i systems + +##### III.7.2.1 Analogue sync timing + +Details of analogue sync timing are shown in Figures III.1, III.2 and III.3, and are summarized in Table III.4. The parameter $\phi$ not shown in these figures is the duration of the rising edge of horizontal sync pulse. + +**Table III.4/J.182 – Sync timing for 1080i systems** + +| | Duration
(T) | Tolerance
(T) | +|------------------------------|-----------------|------------------| +| time a – Figure III.3 | 44 | $\pm 3$ | +| time b – Figure III.3 | 2112 | $-6, +0$ | +| time c – Figure III.3 | 44 | $\pm 3$ | +| time d – Figure III.3 | 132 | $\pm 3$ | +| time e – Figure III.3 | 192 | $-0, +6$ | +| time $\phi$ – Sync rise time | 4 | $\pm 1.5$ | +| time h – Figure III.3 | 1012 | $\pm 3$ | +| time g – Figure III.3 | 1100 | $\pm 3$ | +| Total lines | 2200 | | +| Active lines | 1920 | $-12, +0$ | + +##### III.7.2.2 Positive zero-crossing + +A positive zero-crossing of a tri-level sync pulse should define the $0_H$ datum for each line. A negative-going transition precedes this instant by 44 reference clock intervals, and another negative-going transition follows this instant by 44 reference clock intervals. + +##### III.7.2.3 Positive transition + +Positive transition of a tri-level sync pulse should be skew symmetric with a rise time from 10% to 90% of $4 \pm 1.5$ reference clock periods. The midpoint of each negative transition should be coincident with its ideal time within a tolerance of $\pm 3$ reference clock periods. + +##### III.7.2.4 Pulse Structure and Timing + +The tri-level sync pulse should have structure and timing according to Figures III.1 and III.3. The positive peak of sync should have a level of $+300 \text{ mV} \pm 6 \text{ mV}$ ; its negative peak should have a level of $-300 \text{ mV} \pm 6 \text{ mV}$ . The amplitude difference between positive and negative sync pulses should be less than 6 mV. + +##### III.7.2.5 Blanking level + +Each line that includes a vertical sync pulse should maintain blanking level, here denoted zero, except for the interval(s) occupied by sync pulses. During the horizontal blanking interval, areas not occupied by sync should be maintained at blanking level, here denoted zero. + +##### **III.7.2.6 Mid-line tri-level sync pulse** + +In addition to the tri-level sync pulse that defines $0_H$ , the interlaced system vertical sync line may include a mid-line tri-level sync pulse whose elements are delayed from $0_H$ by one-half the line duration. Certain vertical sync lines may therefore contain a broad pulse during the first half line, and may contain a broad pulse during the second half line, in the manner described in III.7.2.7 and III.7.2.8. The leading 50% point of a broad pulse should be 132T after the preceding tri-level zero-crossing; its duration should be 880T (see Figure III.3). + +##### **III.7.2.7 Interlaced system – First field** + +The first field of the interlaced system should commence with five vertical sync lines (see Figure III.1): + +- a) five lines having broad pulses in both the first and second half lines; +- b) plus a sixth line having only a midpoint tri-level pulse. + +##### **III.7.2.8 Interlaced system – Second field** + +The second field of an interlaced system should commence as shown in Figure III.1. The vertical sync associated with the second field should be contained within six lines, comprising: + +- a) the second half of a line having blanking in the first half line, a mid-line tri-level pulse, and a broad pulse in the second half line; +- b) four lines having broad pulses in both the first and second half lines and a mid-line tri-level pulse between them; then +- c) the first half of one line having a broad pulse in the first half line and a mid-line tri-level pulse. + +### **III.8 Electrical interface specifications (720p and 1080i)** + +#### **III.8.1 Video specifications** + +##### **III.8.1.1 Analogue interface component set** + +An analogue interface according to this Recommendation should employ the $Y'$ , $P_B'$ , $P_R'$ component set. + +##### **III.8.1.2 $Y'$ signal and tri-level sync** + +The $Y'$ signal should have a bandwidth of 30 MHz for both the progressive and interlaced systems. The tri-level sync should be on the $Y'$ signal only. + +##### **III.8.1.3 $P_B'$ and $P_R'$ signals and bandwidth** + +For analogue originating equipment, $P_B'$ and $P_R'$ signals should have the same bandwidth as that of the associated $Y'$ signal. For digital originating equipment, $P_B'$ and $P_R'$ signals may have 0.5 the bandwidth of the associated $Y'$ signal. + +##### **III.8.1.4 $Y'$ component – Reference black and white** + +For the $Y'$ component, reference black in the expressions of III.5 and III.6 should correspond to a level of 0 V dc $\pm 1.0$ V, and black to reference white (unity) should correspond to 700 mV. + +##### **III.8.1.5 $P_B'$ and $P_R'$ components – Reference black and peak colour** + +$P_B'$ and $P_R'$ components are analogue signals, in which zero colour should correspond to a level of 0 V dc $\pm 1.0$ V, and zero colour to reference peak colour should correspond to a level of $\pm 350$ mV. + +##### III.8.1.6 Time coincidence + +Any pair of signals in the set should be time coincident with respect to each other $\pm 5$ ns when used in a component system. + +#### III.8.2 Control signals + +Optional discrete control signals may be permissible in the future. Assigned control signals, from the video source to the display monitor, may have the following minimum control functions: video format for display, aspect ratio for display, and colorimetry assignments. At that time, this Recommendation will be revised and given a revision number and new issue date. + +#### III.8.3 User format designation + +Provisions should be made at the video source (e.g. STB) to permit the user to designate whether the intended receiving device is operating at 720p or 1080i scanning formats. + +### III.9 Connector specifications + +The following connector specifications should be used under this Recommendation. + +The following connectors and pin assignments should be used. + +Three RCA phono connectors (plug and jack) with the colour code in Table III.5 should be used. The impedance of each RCA phono connector should be $75 \Omega \pm 5\%$ . + +**Table III.5/J.182 – RCA phono connector colour code** + +| Channel number | Signal assignment | Connector colour code | +|----------------|-------------------|-----------------------| +| CH1 | Y | Green | +| CH2 | P B | Blue | +| CH3 | P R | Red | + +### III.10 Cables + +For consumer devices having three coax connectors, the recommended cables should be insulated coaxial cables, each housed in a non-metallic jacket. Each individual coax cable should adhere to the following specifications: + +- a) Impedance: $75 \Omega \pm 5\%$ , +- b) 100 kHz to 30 MHz. + +### III.11 Reference impedance + +All voltage and timing measurements should be based on a nominal 75 ohm system. + +![Timing diagram for 1080i interlaced system showing vertical timing details for the first and second fields. The first field starts at line 1125 and ends at line 563, with durations of 22 H, 20 H, and 5 H marked. The second field starts at line 563 and ends at line 1125, with durations of 23 H, 20 1/2 H, and 5 H marked. Line numbers and field markers are included.](183007754364096b2d89f42200cf870f_img.jpg) + +Interlaced system, First field + +22 H + +20 H + +5 H + +Line # bottom 1123 1124 1125 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 20 21 22 560 561 562 563 + +Top line of frame + +Interlaced system, Second field + +23 H + +20 1/2 H + +5 H + +5 H + +Line # 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 582 583 584 585 1123 1124 1125 + +Bottom line of frame + +T0911810-00 + +0V + +Timing diagram for 1080i interlaced system showing vertical timing details for the first and second fields. The first field starts at line 1125 and ends at line 563, with durations of 22 H, 20 H, and 5 H marked. The second field starts at line 563 and ends at line 1125, with durations of 23 H, 20 1/2 H, and 5 H marked. Line numbers and field markers are included. + +**Figure III.1/J.182 – 1080i interface vertical timing details** + +![Timing diagram for 1080i interface showing timing relationships for the analog waveform Y'. It includes durations in reference clock periods (T) for various signal transitions, such as 45T, 44T, 148T, 1920T, and 281T. The diagram also shows the horizontal sync pulse (0H) and vertical sync pulse (0V) levels.](fae82236e4211f753df5789eb276d3a4_img.jpg) + +Analog waveform Y' + +0H + +45T + +44T + +44T + +148T + +1920T + +281T + +Duration in reference clock periods + +T0911820-00 + +Timing diagram for 1080i interface showing timing relationships for the analog waveform Y'. It includes durations in reference clock periods (T) for various signal transitions, such as 45T, 44T, 148T, 1920T, and 281T. The diagram also shows the horizontal sync pulse (0H) and vertical sync pulse (0V) levels. + +**Figure III.2/J.182 – 1080i interface timing relationships** + +![Timing diagrams for 1080i interface horizontal timing details. The figure shows three signal waveforms: Vertical sync, P'B, P'R, and Y'. The Vertical sync waveform shows a pulse with levels +300, 0, and -300, with timing parameters d, h, g, and labels 'Blanking' and 'Broad pulse'. The P'B, P'R waveform shows a rectangular wave with levels +350, 0, and -350. The Y' waveform shows a pulse with levels +700, +300, 0, and -300, with timing parameters a, b, c, e, and a reference to 0_H and T0911830-00.](24b549c0c4b79c515b244625cf4f4978_img.jpg) + +The figure displays three timing diagrams for the 1080i interface horizontal timing details: + +- Vertical sync:** Shows a vertical synchronization signal waveform. The signal levels are +300, 0, and -300. The diagram includes timing parameters: *d* (duration of the active signal), *h* (duration of the blanking interval), *g* (total duration of the vertical sync pulse), and labels for 'Blanking' and 'Broad pulse'. +- P'B, P'R:** Shows the color burst phase signal waveform. The signal levels are +350, 0, and -350. +- Y':** Shows the luminance signal waveform. The signal levels are +700, +300, 0, and -300. The diagram includes timing parameters: *a* (duration of the active signal), *b* (total duration of the horizontal sync pulse), *c* (duration of the blanking interval), *e* (duration of the active signal), and a reference to 0H and T0911830-00. + +Timing diagrams for 1080i interface horizontal timing details. The figure shows three signal waveforms: Vertical sync, P'B, P'R, and Y'. The Vertical sync waveform shows a pulse with levels +300, 0, and -300, with timing parameters d, h, g, and labels 'Blanking' and 'Broad pulse'. The P'B, P'R waveform shows a rectangular wave with levels +350, 0, and -350. The Y' waveform shows a pulse with levels +700, +300, 0, and -300, with timing parameters a, b, c, e, and a reference to 0\_H and T0911830-00. + +NOTE 1 – Values for *a*, *b*, *c*, *d*, *e* and *g* are given in Table III.4. + +NOTE 2 – Sync rise time, $\phi$ , is not shown here. + +NOTE 3 – See also Figure III.2. + +NOTE 4 – Amplitudes are expressed in millivolts. + +**Figure III.3/J.182 – 1080i interface horizontal timing details** + +![Figure III.4/J.182 – 720p vertical timing diagram. The diagram shows a sequence of vertical sync pulses across several lines. Line numbers 745, 746, 749, 750, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 25, 26, 53, 745, 746, 750 are marked along the bottom. Key vertical intervals are labeled: 30 H (total frame height), 25 H (active video height), and 5 H (vertical sync duration). Labels 'Bottom line of frame' and 'Top line of frame' are present. Reference code T0911840-00 is at the bottom right.](152efae989544ee653283e8de26cc9b1_img.jpg) + +Figure III.4/J.182 – 720p vertical timing diagram. The diagram shows a sequence of vertical sync pulses across several lines. Line numbers 745, 746, 749, 750, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 25, 26, 53, 745, 746, 750 are marked along the bottom. Key vertical intervals are labeled: 30 H (total frame height), 25 H (active video height), and 5 H (vertical sync duration). Labels 'Bottom line of frame' and 'Top line of frame' are present. Reference code T0911840-00 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure III.4/J.182 – 720p vertical timing** + +![Figure III.5/J.182 – 720p timing relationships diagram. It shows an analog waveform for Y' with horizontal timing parameters. The diagram includes durations in reference clock periods (T): 70T for horizontal sync, 4T for sync start to active start, 40T for active video start to color burst start, 40T for color burst duration, 1650T for total active video duration, and 1280T for the duration from color burst start to active video end. The reference point 0_H is marked. Reference code T0911850-00 is at the bottom right.](fe655d77258397f7242c2df72b965b56_img.jpg) + +Figure III.5/J.182 – 720p timing relationships diagram. It shows an analog waveform for Y' with horizontal timing parameters. The diagram includes durations in reference clock periods (T): 70T for horizontal sync, 4T for sync start to active start, 40T for active video start to color burst start, 40T for color burst duration, 1650T for total active video duration, and 1280T for the duration from color burst start to active video end. The reference point 0\_H is marked. Reference code T0911850-00 is at the bottom right. + +NOTE 1 – Horizontal axis not to scale. + +NOTE 2 – $0_H$ is the analog horizontal timing reference point. + +**Figure III.5/J.182 – 720p timing relationships** + +![Timing and level diagrams for 720p video signals. The top diagram shows Vertical sync levels (+300 mV to -300 mV) with Blanking and Broad pulse timing parameters d and b. The middle diagram shows P'B, P'R levels (+350 mV to -350 mV). The bottom diagram shows Y' levels (+700 mV to -300 mV) with timing parameters a, c, e, and b. A dashed line on the right of each diagram indicates the start of the active video signal.](f24d06b5e3b1d8ae12d4893e7619f6f5_img.jpg) + +The figure illustrates the timing and signal levels for a 720p video signal across three horizontal lines. + +- Vertical sync:** The first diagram shows the vertical synchronization signal levels. The active signal is at 0 mV. The sync pulse goes up to +300 mV and down to -300 mV. The 'Blanking' interval is indicated, and the 'Broad pulse' duration is marked as 'd'. The total duration of the vertical sync and blanking interval is marked as 'b'. +- P'B, P'R:** The second diagram shows the color burst levels for the P'B and P'R signals. The active signal is at 0. The burst levels are +350 mV and -350 mV. +- Y':** The third diagram shows the luminance signal (Y') levels. The active signal is at 0. The sync pulse goes up to +300 mV and down to -300 mV. The total duration of the vertical sync and blanking interval is marked as 'b'. Other timing parameters are defined: 'a' is the duration from the start of the sync pulse to the start of the color burst; 'c' is the duration from the start of the color burst to the start of the active video; 'e' is the duration from the start of the active video to the start of the color burst. + +Reference: T0911860-00 + +Timing and level diagrams for 720p video signals. The top diagram shows Vertical sync levels (+300 mV to -300 mV) with Blanking and Broad pulse timing parameters d and b. The middle diagram shows P'B, P'R levels (+350 mV to -350 mV). The bottom diagram shows Y' levels (+700 mV to -300 mV) with timing parameters a, c, e, and b. A dashed line on the right of each diagram indicates the start of the active video signal. + +**Figure III.6/J.182 – 720p levels and timing** + +# APPENDIX IV + +## Interface between digital tuner and television receiver using D-connector selected from EIAJ CP-4120 + +### IV.1 Scope + +This appendix describes the analogue component video ( $Y$ , $P_B$ , $P_R$ ) interface using D-connector and D-connector cable for connecting a digital tuner and television receiver (referred to as a television hereafter). + +The references of this appendix shall be as follows: + +- EIAJ RC-5237 (1999), *D Connector for Digital Broadcasting Component Video Signal ( $Y$ , $P_b$ , $P_r$ ) connection*. +- ARIB STD-B21: *Digital receiver for digital satellite broadcasting services using broadcasting satellite*. + +### IV.2 Terms and definitions + +For the purpose of this appendix, the following terms and definitions apply. + +#### IV.2.1 Video format identification signal lines + +These lines are used to identify the video scanning format and aspect ratio of output signal from the digital tuner for BS digital broadcasting and terrestrial digital broadcasting. + +An identification signal is discriminated using direct current voltage level of specific signal lines. Each format is identified using three signal lines. These lines are called Line 1, Line 2 and Line 3. + +#### IV.2.2 Reserved lines + +Three lines are reserved for future extension. These lines are called Reserved-Line 1, Reserved-Line 2, and Reserved-Line 3. + +#### IV.2.3 Plug insertion detection + +A digital tuner and television should detect whether this equipment is connected with the D-connector cable or not. Two pins of the D-connector are used for this purpose. + +#### IV.2.4 Representation of video format + +In this standard, the following video formats are considered: + +- The interlace scanning 525-line system (effective scanning:480) is represented as 525i. +- The progressive scanning 525-line system (effective scanning:480) is represented as 525p. +- The progressive scanning 750-line system (effective scanning :720) is represented as 750p. +- The interlace scanning 1125-line system (effective scanning:1080) is represented as 1125i. +- The progressive scanning 1125-line system (effective scanning:1080) is represented as 1125p. + +### IV.3 Electrical characteristics + +#### IV.3.1 Video signal + +As shown in Tables IV.1 to IV.4, the output video signal from a digital tuner is specified in ARIB standard STD-B21. + +**Table IV.1/J.182 – Component video output of 1125i** + +| Signal | Luminance (Y)/Colour difference signal (PB, PR) | +|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Output level | Y: 0 – +700 mV
P B , P R : ±350 mV
Synch: ±300 mV (On Y signal) | +| Colour parameter | See Table IV.4 | +| Output impedance | 75 Ω | + +**Table IV.2/J.182 – Component video output of 750p** + +| Signal | Luminance (Y)/Colour difference signal (PB, PR ) | +|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Output level | Y: 0 – +700 mV
P B , P R : ±350 mV
Synch: ±300 mV (On Y signal) | +| Colour parameter | See Table IV.4 | +| Output impedance | 75 Ω | + +**Table IV.3/J.182 – Component video output of 525p/525i** + +| Signal | Luminance (Y)/Colour difference signal (PB, PR) | +|------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Output level | Y: 0 – +700 mV
P B , P R : ±350 mV
Synch: 0 – 300 mV (On Y signal) | +| Colour parameter | See Table IV.4 | +| Output impedance | 75 Ω | + +**Table IV.4/J.182 – Colour parameter** + +| Item | 525i, 525p | | | 1125i, 750P | | | +|----------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------|-------| +| | | x | y | | x | y | +| Chromaticity coordinates | Green | 0.310 | 0.595 | Green | 0.300 | 0.600 | +| | Blue | 0.155 | 0.070 | Blue | 0.150 | 0.060 | +| | Red | 0.630 | 0.340 | Red | 0.640 | 0.330 | +| Reference white | D65.
x = 0.3127, y = 0.3290 | | | D65.
x = 0.3127, y = 0.3290 | | | +| Luminance and chrominance equations | $Y = 0.587 \times G + 0.114 \times B + 0.299 \times R$
$P_B = (B - Y)/1.772$
$P_R = (R - Y)/1.402$
G, B, R signals are Gamma corrected | | | $Y = 0.7152 \times G + 0.0722 \times B + 0.2126 \times R$
$P_B = (B - Y)/1.8556$
$P_R = (R - Y)/1.5748$
G, B, R signals are Gamma corrected | | | +| Opto-electronic transfer characteristics at source | $V_c = 1.099 \times L_c (^{0.4500}) - 0.099$
$(0.018 \leq L_c \leq 1)$
$= 4.500 \times L_c$
$(0 \leq L_c \leq 0.018)$
where $V_c$ is an output of video camera when $L_c$ is the input light to the video camera.
All signals are normalized by reference white. | | | $V_c = 1.099 \times L_c (^{0.4500}) - 0.099$
$(0.018 \leq L_c \leq 1)$
$= 4.500 \times L_c$
$(0 \leq L_c \leq 0.018)$
where $V_c$ is an output of video camera when $L_c$ is the input light to the video camera.
All signals are normalized by reference white. | | | + +1125p part will be included into this Recommendation after its signal specification is adopted. + +#### IV.3.2 Video format identification signals + +##### IV.3.2.1 Output impedance for direct current + +10 k Ω ± 3 k Ω + +##### IV.3.2.2 Input impedance for direct current + +100 k Ω or more + +### IV.4 Video format identification lines + +Table IV.5 provides the specification of Line 1, Line 2 and Line 3 for video format identification. Three lines are assigned to this purpose. The number of scanning lines, interlace/progressive scanning, and aspect ration are identified by using Line 1, Line 2 and Line 3, respectively. Each line has three states by detecting its direct current voltage. Typical voltage values for each state are given in Table IV.5. + +**Table IV.5/J.182 – Video format identification lines** + +| Typical voltage (V) | Line 1
Total scanning lines
(Effective scanning lines) | Line 2
i or p
(Note) | Line 3
Aspect ratio | +|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|------------------------| +| 5 | 1125 (1080) | 59.94p, 60p | 16:9 | +| 2.2 | 750 (720) | – | 4:3 (Letter box) | +| 0 | 525 (480) | 59.94i, 60i | 4:3 | + +NOTE – "i": Interlace scanning, "p": Progressive scanning + +NOTE – These lines represent the video scanning format of output signal from digital tuner while another video scanning format may be used in the broadcasting. + +Voltage allowance for video format identification signal lines is defined in Table IV.6. + +**Table IV.6/J.182 – Voltage allowance for video format identifiers** + +| Nominal voltage (V) | Difference from nominal value (V) | +|---------------------|-----------------------------------| +| 5.0 | 0
–1.5 | +| 2.2 | +0.2
–0.8 | +| 0 | – | + +### IV.5 Plug insertion detection + +The schematic diagram for the insertion detection of the D-connector is shown in Figure IV.1. + +![Schematic diagram of the plug insertion detection. It shows a digital tuner on the left and a television on the right, connected by a D-connector plug and cable. Inside the plug, pins 12 and 14 are short-circuited. The digital tuner has pin 14 connected to VDD through a resistor and pin 12 connected to ground. When the plug is inserted, pin 14 is pulled to ground through pin 12, resulting in 0V at pin 14, which is detected as plug insertion. The same logic applies to the television side.](4669a2ca9d019b9c2de9a9d9a0c4e644_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the plug insertion detection circuit. On the left, a 'Digital tuner' block shows pin 14 connected to VDD via a resistor and pin 12 connected to ground. A 'Detection' arrow points to pin 14. In the center, a 'Plug' (part of a 'Cable') is shown with pins 12 and 14 short-circuited. On the right, a 'Television' block shows pin 14 connected to VDD via a resistor and pin 12 connected to ground. A 'Detection' arrow points to pin 14. Labels 'Receptacle' and 'Plug' point to the connector parts. The diagram is labeled T0911870-00. + +Schematic diagram of the plug insertion detection. It shows a digital tuner on the left and a television on the right, connected by a D-connector plug and cable. Inside the plug, pins 12 and 14 are short-circuited. The digital tuner has pin 14 connected to VDD through a resistor and pin 12 connected to ground. When the plug is inserted, pin 14 is pulled to ground through pin 12, resulting in 0V at pin 14, which is detected as plug insertion. The same logic applies to the television side. + +**Figure IV.1/J.182 – Schematic diagram of the plug insertion detection** + +The D-connector plug insertion is detected by measuring 0 volt at pin No. 14 in a digital tuner and/or a television because contact No. 12 and No. 14 are shorted inside D-connector plug as shown in Figure IV.1. + +For this purpose, contact No. 12 and No. 14 should be connected inside a D-connector plug. + +This function was provided supposing the following usages: + +- Input side (television, etc): This function enables to use (or display) the input signal of the D-connector with the highest priority while multiple connectors such as D-connector, S-connector, and composite input connector are in active. + +- Output side (digital tuner, etc): This function prevents the unwanted radiation from the receptacle when the plug of a D-connector plug is not connected. + +Other functions are not prescribed in this Recommendation. + +### IV.6 Specifications of D-connector + +#### IV.6.1 Feature and rating of D-connector + +The feature, characteristics and performance of a D-connector are specified in EIAJ RC-5237. + +#### IV.6.2 Pin assignment of D-connector + +The pin assignment of a D-connector is shown in Figure IV.2. + +![Diagram of a D-connector viewed from the receptacle, showing pin layout and a table of pin assignments.](43979979715bb3304389a0cb18f34444_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a D-connector viewed from the receptacle side. It features a central 14-pin socket with two latching mechanisms on the left and right sides. Four specific pins are highlighted with leader lines: No.7 contact (top-left), No.1 contact (top-right), No.14 contact (bottom-left), and No.8 contact (bottom-right). The pins are arranged in two rows of seven. To the right of the diagram is a table listing the pin numbers and their corresponding functions. + +| Pin No. | Function | +|---------|-----------------------------| +| 1 | Y | +| 2 | Y-GND | +| 3 | P B | +| 4 | P B -GND | +| 5 | P R | +| 6 | P R -GND | +| 7 | Reserved-Line 1 | +| 8 | Line 1 | +| 9 | Line 2 | +| 10 | Reserved-Line 2 | +| 11 | Line 3 | +| 12 | Plug inserter detection-GND | +| 13 | Reserved-Line 3 | +| 14 | Plug insertion detection | + +T0911880-00 + +Diagram of a D-connector viewed from the receptacle, showing pin layout and a table of pin assignments. + +Figure IV.2/J.182 – D-connector viewed from receptacle + +NOTE 1 – Chassis ground (GND) should be used as 0 Volt of video format identification signal lines (Lines 1 to 3). + +NOTE 2 – Both light-angle connector and vertical connector conform to this pin assignment as shown in the above. + +### IV.7 Specifications of D-connector cable + +A 1.5 C or equivalent coaxial (shielded) cable is recommended for a transmission cable of component video signals (Y, PB, PR), and an AWG28, AWG30, or equivalent wire is recommended for video format identification signal lines and reserved lines. + +It is recommended that the transmission loss using a cable is less than 0.5 dB (for 1125i) from DC to 30 MHz up to the cable length of 3 m. + +The reserved lines between a D-connector cable and a D-connector plug should be wired in order to prepare for the future extension. + +## IV.8 Marking of D-connector on television and digital tuner + +The marking of D-connector on television and digital tuner is classified and specified in accordance with the video format as shown in Table IV.7. This marking should be clearly described near the + +connector on the equipment. Moreover, the description in a catalogue and in an operation manual is also made in order to avoid any misunderstandings (i.e. incorrect connections) by the user. + +**Table IV.7/J.182 – Colour parameter marking of D-connector** + +| Indication | A transmitted video format | +|--------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------| +| D1 | 525i* | +| D2 | 525i, 525p* | +| D3 | 525i, 525p, 1125i* | +| D4 | 525i, 525p, 1125i, 750p* | +| D5 | 525i, 525p, 1125i, 750p, 1125p* (Note) | +| NOTE – 1125p is not standardized with ARIB at present. | | + +The equipment of the output side of the D-connector should offer at least "\*" – marked video formats as defined in Table IV.7. Other video formats are optional. + +- Example: + +When D3 is noted on the equipment, it indicates the following meanings: + +| Output side | Input side | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------| +| This equipment has an output using a video format of 1125i.
Or:
It has three outputs using the video format of 1125i, 525p and/or 525i. | This equipment accepts the video format of 525i, 525p and 1125i. | + +It is desirable to equip a switch in the suitable position when the equipment has the switching function to select D1/D2/D3 for its output video signal. The switching method is not specified in this Recommendation. + +A concrete marking example is shown in the following: + +- Television side (an example in the case for video input formats 525i, 525p and 1125i) + +Example: + +![](ccdeaf31dbe65613f2f87a7b2b06e391_img.jpg) + +D3 \*\* + +| | +|------------------------| +| D-connector Receptacle | +|------------------------| + +NOTE – "\*\*" denotes 'video', 'input' or 'output'. + +- Digital tuner side (an example in the case of video output formats 525i, 525p and 1125i) + +Example 1: + +![](71a22f206329906db6e3860c7ff8c796_img.jpg) + +D3 \*\* + +| | +|------------------------| +| D-connector Receptacle | +|------------------------| + +Example 2: In the case when equipment is capable of outputting either 525i, 525p or 1125i and output signal can be selected using switching function. + +![](b05bae46f7079e5c9b1da38adb2319e8_img.jpg) + +D1/D2/D3 \*\* + +| | +|------------------------| +| D-connector Receptacle | +|------------------------| + +Marking like 'D1/2/3 \*\*' are acceptable in this case. + +## **Related standards (Informative)** + +Related standards of this Recommendation are shown in the following: + +- EIAJ CP-1203 *Preferred Matching Values of Analogue Signal for AV Equipment and Systems.* +- EIAJ CPX-1220 *Interconnection of Hi-Vision Receivers and Electronic Equipments.* +- EIAJ CP-1104 *Terms and Graphical Symbols for Audio and Audio-Visual Equipment.* +- EIAJ CPR-4105 *Uniform Description of Input/Output Terminals and Selector Switches of Television Receiver.* + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure and Internet protocol aspects | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.184-200103-I_PDF-E/1399c76ef88f22b70d05ed3f781d3c48_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.184-200103-I_PDF-E/1399c76ef88f22b70d05ed3f781d3c48_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e87649e07a58d74024a40ca5d9db86e90054fd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.184-200103-I_PDF-E/1399c76ef88f22b70d05ed3f781d3c48_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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a/marked/J/T-REC-J.184-200103-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.184-200103-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d920cd6343585c0069652a6bd5ce7817a156a92e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.184-200103-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,3753 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.184** + +(03/2001) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Miscellaneous + +--- + +**Digital broadband delivery system: Out-of-band +transport** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.184 + +(Formerly CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +## CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | +| IPCablecom | J.160–J.179 | +| Miscellaneous | J.180–J.199 | +| Application for Interactive Digital Television | J.200–J.209 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +# **Digital broadband delivery system: Out-of-band transport** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies the Physical Layer and the Data Link Layer (including the MAC Layer) of two out-of-band cable system transport protocols, denoted as Mode A and Mode B, which are currently in operation. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.184 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2001-2004) and approved under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure on 9 March 2001. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2002 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3 Requirements ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 Forward Data Channels (FDC)..... | 2 | +| 3.2 Reverse Data Channels (RDC)..... | 2 | +| Annex A – Digital broadband delivery system: Out-of-band transport – Mode A ..... | 3 | +| A.1 Introduction..... | 3 | +| A.2 Acronyms..... | 3 | +| A.3 References..... | 4 | +| A.4 Out-of-band system specifications..... | 5 | +| A.5 Physical layer specification ..... | 5 | +| A.5.1 Physical layer For OOB transmission ..... | 5 | +| A.5.2 Physical layer for return-path transmission..... | 11 | +| A.5.3 Extended practice for return-path transmission (Informative) ..... | 14 | +| A.6 Data link layer..... | 15 | +| A.6.1 Application PDU Processing..... | 15 | +| A.6.2 Link layer headers/trailers ..... | 17 | +| A.6.3 Segmentation and reassembly ..... | 19 | +| A.6.4 MAC information transport..... | 20 | +| A.6.5 MAC signalling messages ..... | 23 | +| Annex B – Digital broadband delivery system: Out-of-band transport – Mode B..... | 39 | +| B.1 Introduction..... | 39 | +| B.1.1 Revision history..... | 39 | +| B.1.2 Acronyms..... | 39 | +| B.1.3 References ..... | 41 | +| B.2 DAVIC out-of-band and upstream signalling..... | 42 | +| B.2.1 Downstream physical interface specification..... | 43 | +| B.2.2 Upstream physical interface specification..... | 56 | +| B.2.3 Media access control functionality ..... | 64 | + + + +# Digital broadband delivery system: Out-of-band transport + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the Physical Layer and Data Link Layer (including the MAC Layer) used in cable networks which employ an Out-Of-Band channel architecture. There are two methods used for Out-of-band (OOB) transport in cable systems. These two methods are denoted as Mode A and Mode B, respectively. Their detailed specifications are described in this Recommendation. + +# 2 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**2.1 forward data channel:** A data channel carried from the headend to the terminal device in a modulated channel at a rate of 1.544 to 3.088 Mbit/s. The FDC carries IP traffic only for: + +- Conditional access for analogue signals. +- Entitlement management messages for digital signals. +- General messaging. +- Application download. +- PC data services. +- Variable bit rate (VBR) download. +- Broadcast data. +- Network management. + +**2.2 reverse data channel:** A data channel transmitted from the terminal device to the headend in a modulated channel at a rate of 0.256 to 3.088 Mbit/s. The RDC carries IP traffic only for: + +- Messaging. +- Personal computer data services. +- Network management. + +**2.3 upstream:** Transmission from terminal device to Headend. + +**2.4 downstream:** Transmission from Headend to terminal device. + +**2.5 (OOB) Out-of-band:** Outside of the programming channels band. The OOB channels provide communication channels between the network and the terminal. + +**2.6 QPSK/differential coding:** A special QPSK system that uses differential encoding scheme to resolve the 90° ambiguity in the detection of the QPSK signal at the demodulator. + +# 3 Requirements + +In the implementation of digital services over cable television networks, there is a need for messaging and signalling between the cable system headend and the subscriber terminal device in both the forward channel in the downstream direction and the reverse channel in the upstream direction. These functions are implemented through the use of appropriate transport protocols and of an auxiliary transport stream of adequate data capacity. This auxiliary data stream can be transported in the multiplex that carries the main transport stream for the main programme channel (in-band transmission). It can also be transported as a separate data channel that fits in the lower part of the frequency spectrum, below the one allocated to programme channels in cable television systems (out-of-band transmission). + +This Recommendation describes out-of-band transport protocols for messaging and signalling between the cable system headend and subscriber terminal devices in the forward data channel in the downstream direction and the reverse data channel in the upstream direction. + +Two alternatives are described for the out-of-band transport protocol: Mode A and Mode B. They are specified in Annexes A and B, respectively. + +Each mode consists of specifications for the forward data channel in the downstream direction and the reverse data channel in the upstream direction. + +## 3.1 Forward Data Channels (FDC) + +Mode A Forward Data Channel supports a data rate of 2.048 Mbit/s and Mode B supports data rates of 1.544 and 3.088 Mbit/s. Table 1 shows the lower layer protocol stacks for these out-of-band FDCs. It should be noted that in Mode B, time critical aspects of the Media Access Control (MAC) protocol sublayer are implemented in the SL-ESF Frame Payload Structure. The remainder of the MAC sublayer is implemented via the MAC message in the Payload. + +**Table 1/J.184 – Out-of-band forward data channel lower layer protocols** + +| OOB FDC
Lower Layer
Protocols | Mode A | Mode B | +|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Payload | Payload | +| | Data Link Layer | ATM Cell Format | +| | MAC Sublayer:
– MAC Packet
– MPEG-2 TS | Link/Physical Layer:
– Reed-Solomon
– Interleaving | +| | Physical Layer:
– Randomizer
– Reed-Solomon
– Interleaving
– QPSK/differential coding | SL-ESF Frame Payload Structure
– SL-ESF Format
– Randomizer
– QPSK/differential coding | + +## 3.2 Reverse Data Channels (RDC) + +The RDCs may be present anywhere within the network-supported passband. There are two alternatives for the out-of-band RDCs as defined in Mode A and Mode B. Table 2 shows the lower layer protocol stacks for the out-of-band RDCs. + +**Table 2/J.184 – Out-of-band reverse data channel lower layer protocols** + +| OOB RDC
Lower Layer
Protocols | Mode A | Mode B | +|-------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Payload | Payload | +| | Data link Layer/AAL5 | Data link Layer/AAL5 | +| | MAC Sublayer:
– MAC Packet Sublayer
– ATM Cell Format | MAC Sublayer:
– MAC Signalling Message
– ATM Cell Format | +| | Physical Layer:
– Randomizer
– Reed-Solomon
– Burst QPSK/differential coding | Physical Layer:
– Reed-Solomon
– Randomizer
– Burst QPSK/differential coding | + +Detailed protocols for FDCs and RDCs for Mode A and B are specified in Annexes A and B, respectively. + +# ANNEX A + +## Digital broadband delivery system: Out-of-band transport – Mode A + +## A.1 Introduction + +This annex describes a transport protocol used in the cable network which employs the Out-Of-Band channel architecture. The physical layer is specified for the transport mechanism for the Out-Of-Band (OOB) cable system currently in practice in North America. Specifications of the MAC Layer and the Link Layer are also provided as "Informative sections". These Informative sections may be updated in the future, recognizing the potential adaptation of DOCSIS MAC Layer Specification [3]. + +## A.2 Acronyms + +This annex uses the following acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|------------------------------------------------| +| AAL | ATM Adaptation Layer | +| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode | +| AWGN | Additive White Gaussian Noise | +| BW | BandWidth | +| CBD | Connection Block Descriptor | +| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check | +| CW | ClockWise | +| DAVIC | Digital Audio Video Council | +| DCM | Default Configuration Message | +| DLL | Data Link Layer | +| DOCSIS | Data Over Cable System Interface Specification | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| GF | Galois Field | + +| | | +|--------|---------------------------------| +| IB | In-Band | +| IBTM | In-Band Timebase Message | +| ID | IDentification | +| IE | Information Element | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| LFSR | Linear Feedback Shift Register | +| MAC | Media Access Control | +| MAP | Map of Bandwidth Allocation | +| MCNS | Multimedia Cable Network System | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| Msym/s | Mega symbols per second | +| NRC | Network Related Control | +| OBTM | Out-of-Band Timebase Message | +| OOB | Out-of-Band | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| PER | Packet Error Rate | +| PN | Pseudo-random Number | +| PT | Payload Type | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| QPSK | Quadrature Phase Shift Keying | +| R-S | Reed-Solomon Coding | +| SDU | Service Data Unit | +| SER | Symbol Error Rate | +| TDMA | Time Division Multiple Access | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| UPM | UPstream MAC | + +## A.3 References + +### Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +### Normative reference list + +- [1] IEEE 802-1990, *Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Overview and Architecture*, and ISO/IEC 10039:1991, *Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Local area networks – Medium Access Control (MAC) service definition*. +- [2] ITU-T H.222.0 (2000) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:2000, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems*. + +### Bibliography + +- [3] CableLabs: Data-Over-Cable-Service Interface Specifications (DOCSIS): Radio Frequency Interface Specification, *SP-RFIv1.1.I01-990311* (1999). <>. +- [4] Digital Audio Visual Council 1.4 Specification Part 8, Lower Layer Protocols and Physical Interfaces. (.) +- [5] CLARK (G.C.), CAIN (J.B.): *Error-Correction Coding for Digital Communications*, *Plenum Press*, (1981). + +## A.4 Out-of-band system specifications + +This annex specifies the Physical Layer and the Data Link Layer (including the MAC Layer) of the Out-of-Band cable system transport. Clause A.5 describes the Physical Layer protocol. Clause A. 6 describes the Data Link Layer protocol. + +The MAC Layer specification refers to the DOCSIS [3]. However, not all DOCSIS specifications for the MAC Layer are required. The minimum set is specified. Future enhancements toward full DOCSIS compliance might be expected. + +This annex assumes that the reader has some: + +- 1) fundamental understanding of the conventional cable frequency plan; and +- 2) familiarity with the Ethernet specification and the Reed-Solomon Coding of Error Correction Schemes. + +Also, use of the references denoted in A.3 is highly recommended for a full understanding of this annex. + +## A.5 Physical layer specification + +This clause describes the physical layer of the Out-Of-Band downstream and upstream channels. + +### A.5.1 Physical layer For OOB transmission + +The aggregate information rate of the Out-Of-Band (OOB) channel is 2.048 Mbit/s. Up to 1.544 Mbit/s may be utilized for access control and other control information as well as application data, application program downloads, program guides, etc. The OOB data channel provides continuous communication from a Headend to Digital Terminals. The Digital Terminal typically remains powered-up even when it is in the "off" state. The OOB channel remains active independent of the tuned video channel, whether the received TV channel is analogue or digital, and whether the Digital Terminal box is turned "on" or "off". Thus, whenever the Digital Terminal connected to the coaxial cable and AC power, the OOB channel is active for downstream communication. + +#### A.5.1.1 OOB transmission format + +Table A.1 summarizes the physical attributes of the OOB channel. + +**Table A.1/J.184 – Out-of-band transmission specifications** + +| Parameter name | Specifications | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------| +| Modulation: | QPSK, differential coding for 90° phase invariance | +| Symbol Rate: | 1.024 Msymb/s | +| Symbol Size: | 2 bits per symbol | +| Channel Spacing (BW): | 1.8 MHz | +| Transmission Frequency Band: | 70 to 130 MHz | +| Carrier Centre Frequency (default): | 75.25 (Note) MHz ± 0.01% | +| Data Rate: | 2.048 Mbit/s ± 0.01% | +| Forward Error Correction: | 96, 94 Reed-Solomon block code, T = 1, 8 bit symbols | +| FEC Framing | Locked to MPEG-TS, two FEC blocks per MPEG packet | +| Interleaving | Convolutional (96, 8) | +| Nominal Information Rate: | 2.005 Mbit/s (132.8 bit/s margin) | +| Frequency Response: | Raised Cosine filter, α = 0.5 (receiver only) | +| NOTE – Other possible OOB carrier centre frequencies are 72.75 MHz and 104.2 MHz. | | + +The OOB channel spacing is 1.8 MHz with frequency step size of 50 kHz. The centre frequency for the downstream cable frequency plan can be between 70 to 130 MHz, with 75.25 MHz as the default value. + +#### A.5.1.2 OOB coding scheme + +The forward-error-correction scheme for the OOB channel is composed of the randomization, Reed-Solomon (R-S) coding, and interleaving layers as shown in Figure A.1. + +![A block diagram for layers of coding in the OOB channel](252ea48d02dce93965b91746fb376f35_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + In(( )) --> Randomizer + subgraph Randomizer Layer + Randomizer --> RSE[Reed-Solomon Encoder] + subgraph Reed-Solomon Layer + RSE --> Interleaver + subgraph Interleaving Layer + Interleaver --> Channel + Channel --> De-interleaver + end + De-interleaver --> RSD[Reed-Solomon Decoder] + end + RSD --> De-randomizer + end + De-randomizer --> Out(( )) + + style Randomizer Layer fill:none,stroke:#333,stroke-dasharray: 5 5 + style Reed-Solomon Layer fill:none,stroke:#333,stroke-dasharray: 5 5 + style Interleaving Layer fill:none,stroke:#333,stroke-dasharray: 5 5 + +``` + +The diagram shows the signal flow through encoding and decoding stages. Encoding includes Randomizer, Reed-Solomon Encoder, and Interleaver. Decoding includes De-interleaver, Reed-Solomon Decoder, and De-randomizer. The stages are nested in layers: Interleaving Layer (innermost), Reed-Solomon Layer, and Randomizer Layer (outermost). + +**Figure A.1/J.184 – A block diagram for layers of coding in the OOB channel** + +A block diagram for layers of coding in the OOB channel + +6 ITU-T J.184 (03/2001) + +##### A.5.1.2.1 OOB randomizer + +The MPEG-TS is randomized to ensure balanced modulation by removing unequal excitation of the QPSK modulation states. The randomizer circuit performs the exclusive OR function on the input MPEG transport sequence with the randomizer's Pseudo-random Number (PN) generator output sequence. The randomization frame consists of two MPEG packets with the randomizer PN generator reset at the start of every second MPEG-TS packet. MPEG-TS Sync bytes are inverted on alternate packets to improve receiver synchronization performance. + +The randomizer is a 13-bit counter implemented as a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) as shown in Figure A.2. Binary arithmetic and taps are placed at the output of stages 13, 11, 10, and 1. The stages 2 through 9 are loaded with a seed value of "0". The corresponding generating polynomial is defined as: + +$$f(X) = X^{13} + X^{11} + X^{10} + X + 1$$ + +The same circuit is used for de-randomizing the received MPEG-TS packets. The sync symbol of the first MPEG-TS packet in a frame remains 0x47 after randomization because the first randomizer output byte after reset is "0x00". The second MPEG-2 Sync byte is changed by the randomizer but will be returned to the MPEG-TS standard value 0x47 by the de-randomizer at the receive site. + +![Diagram of The Out-Of-Band Randomizer. The top part shows the overall process: Input MPEG Transport Sequence is XORed with the Output Sequence of the Randomizer to produce the Randomized MPEG Output. A callout shows the randomized output sequence: 0x47.....0x64.....0x47.....0x64..... The bottom part shows the internal structure of the Randomizer, which is a 13-bit LFSR. It consists of 13 stages (Stage 13, Stage 12, Stage 11, Stage 10, Stages 2-9, Stage 1) each containing a Z-1 delay element. The initial states are: Stage 13 = 0, Stage 12 = 0, Stage 11 = 0, Stage 10 = 1, Stages 2-9 = 0, and Stage 1 = 1. The output of Stage 13 is XORed with the output of Stage 11. The result is XORed with the output of Stage 10. This result is XORed with the output of Stage 1. The final XOR result is fed back to the input of Stage 13. The output of Stage 1 is also the Output Sequence of the Randomizer.](410562339ce067fdc6fa41940c118658_img.jpg) + +Diagram of The Out-Of-Band Randomizer. The top part shows the overall process: Input MPEG Transport Sequence is XORed with the Output Sequence of the Randomizer to produce the Randomized MPEG Output. A callout shows the randomized output sequence: 0x47.....0x64.....0x47.....0x64..... The bottom part shows the internal structure of the Randomizer, which is a 13-bit LFSR. It consists of 13 stages (Stage 13, Stage 12, Stage 11, Stage 10, Stages 2-9, Stage 1) each containing a Z-1 delay element. The initial states are: Stage 13 = 0, Stage 12 = 0, Stage 11 = 0, Stage 10 = 1, Stages 2-9 = 0, and Stage 1 = 1. The output of Stage 13 is XORed with the output of Stage 11. The result is XORed with the output of Stage 10. This result is XORed with the output of Stage 1. The final XOR result is fed back to the input of Stage 13. The output of Stage 1 is also the Output Sequence of the Randomizer. + +T0911390-00 + +Figure A.2/J.184 – The out-of-band randomizer + +##### A.5.1.2.2 Forward Error Correction Code + +The forward-error-correction (FEC) code in the OOB transmission system is a Reed-Solomon (R-S) block code [5]. No codeword shortening and padding is used with the R-S coding. No convolutional coding is required for the relatively robust QPSK transmission on cable-TV transmission networks. The FEC scheme uses (94, 96) Reed-Solomon code defined over Galois Field $GF(2^8)$ . The R-S code is $T = 1$ (96, 94) over Galois Field $GF(256)$ , which is capable of performing 1 symbol error-correction every R-S block of 96 symbols. The (94, 96) code is equivalent to a (253, 255) R-S code with 159 leading zero symbols followed by 96 non-zero symbols. + +The $GF(256)$ is constructed based on the following primitive polynomial over $GF(2)$ , namely: + +$$p(X) = X^8 + X^4 + X^3 + X^2 + 1$$ + +The generating polynomial for the R-S code is defined as: + +$$g(X) = (X - \alpha)(X - \alpha^2)$$ + +where $\alpha$ is a primitive element in $GF(256)$ . The OOB FEC frame consists of two Reed-Solomon blocks. This OOB FEC frame equals one MPEG transport packet as illustrated in Figure A.3. + +![Diagram of the OOB FEC frame packet format showing two Reed-Solomon blocks within an FEC frame.](16c1175b5f05a4b55e6d396fc51b15b3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of an OOB FEC frame. A horizontal line at the top labeled 'FEC Frame' spans across two 'Reed-Solomon Block' units. Each block is shown as a rectangle divided into two parts: a larger white section labeled '94 symbols' and a smaller grey section labeled '2 parity symbols'. Below the first block's parity section, an arrow points to it with the text '2 parity symbols (Can correct 1 symbol within this Reed-Solomon Block)'. The same text appears below the second block's parity section. To the right of the second block, there are three dots indicating further blocks. At the bottom left, a note states 'NOTE – A symbol consists of 8 bits.' and at the bottom right, the code 'T0911400-00' is present. + +Diagram of the OOB FEC frame packet format showing two Reed-Solomon blocks within an FEC frame. + +**Figure A.3/J.184 – The OOB FEC frame packet format** + +![Diagram illustrating the mapping of an FEC Frame to an MPEG-TS packet. The top section shows the 'FEC Frame Data Stream' with a data rate of 2.048 Mbit/s, consisting of '94 R-S (8-bit) Symbols' (Reed-Solomon Block #1), '2 Parity Symbols', and 'Reed-Solomon Block #2'. The bottom section shows the 'MPEG-2 Data Stream' with a data rate of 2.005 Mbit/s, consisting of a '4 Byte Header', '184 Byte Payload' (MPEG Packet #1), and a 'T0911410-00' marker. Arrows indicate the mapping from the FEC frame to the MPEG packet, showing that the 94 R-S symbols and 2 parity symbols are mapped to the 184 byte payload. The diagram also shows the 'Before De-interleaver' and 'After Reed-Solomon Decoder' stages.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +FEC Frame +Data Stream +(Data Rate = $1.024 \times 2 = 2.048$ Mbit/s) + +Before De-interleaver + +94 R-S (8-bit) Symbols +Reed-Solomon Block #1 + +2 Parity Symbols + +Reed-Solomon Block #2 + +After Reed-Solomon Decoder + +MPEG Packet #1 + +4 Byte Header + +184 Byte Payload + +T0911410-00 + +MPEG-2 +Data Stream +(Data Rate = 2.005 Mbit/s) + +Diagram illustrating the mapping of an FEC Frame to an MPEG-TS packet. The top section shows the 'FEC Frame Data Stream' with a data rate of 2.048 Mbit/s, consisting of '94 R-S (8-bit) Symbols' (Reed-Solomon Block #1), '2 Parity Symbols', and 'Reed-Solomon Block #2'. The bottom section shows the 'MPEG-2 Data Stream' with a data rate of 2.005 Mbit/s, consisting of a '4 Byte Header', '184 Byte Payload' (MPEG Packet #1), and a 'T0911410-00' marker. Arrows indicate the mapping from the FEC frame to the MPEG packet, showing that the 94 R-S symbols and 2 parity symbols are mapped to the 184 byte payload. The diagram also shows the 'Before De-interleaver' and 'After Reed-Solomon Decoder' stages. + +NOTE – The MPEG Data Stream is synchronized with the FEC Frame Data Stream. + +**Figure A.4/J.184 – The out-of-band FEC frame to MPEG-TS framing** + +Mapping from an FEC Frame to an MPEG-TS packet is illustrated in Figure A.4. The first 94 bytes are un-altered and used directly as received. The next 2 bytes are the parity bytes obtained from the Reed-Solomon polynomial calculation. Two blocks of 96 bytes are sent for every 188 byte MPEG packet received. The FEC frame is reset at the start of each MPEG-TS packet. + +##### A.5.1.2.3 OOB interleaver + +Interleaving the coded R-S symbols before transmission and de-interleaving after the reception may cause multiple burst errors during transmission to be spread out in time. Thus, the receiver has to handle them as if they were random errors. Separating the R-S symbols in time enables the random-error-correcting R-S code to be useful in a bursty-noisy environment. Using a convolutional interleaver with a depth of $I = 8$ symbols, the R-S $T = 1$ (96, 94) decoder can correct an error burst of 8 symbols, which corresponds to a burst noise protection of 32 $\mu\text{s}$ . + +Interleaving is synchronized to the R-S blocks and hence to MPEG-TS packets. MPEG-TS Sync bytes always pass through commutator branch 1 of the interleaver and hence are not delayed through the interleaver. The convolutional interleave algorithm delays various blocks of bytes in a systematic way, as illustrated in Figure A.5. + +![Functional block diagram of out-of-band interleaving. The diagram shows an Interleaver and a De-interleaver connected by a Channel. The Interleaver takes 8 input streams (labeled 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8) and interleaves them using 12-symbol delay blocks. The De-interleaver reverses this process. Commutators are used to switch between different delay paths. A label 'T0911420-00' is present in the bottom right of the De-interleaver block.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +Functional block diagram of out-of-band interleaving. The diagram shows an Interleaver and a De-interleaver connected by a Channel. The Interleaver takes 8 input streams (labeled 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8) and interleaves them using 12-symbol delay blocks. The De-interleaver reverses this process. Commutators are used to switch between different delay paths. A label 'T0911420-00' is present in the bottom right of the De-interleaver block. + +Figure A.5/J.184 – Out-of-band interleaving functional block diagram + +#### A.5.1.3 OOB QPSK mapping + +The OOB modulator uses differential encoding scheme to resolve the 90° ambiguity in the detection of the QPSK signal at the demodulator. The OOB QPSK demodulator should be capable of handling both forms of differential coding as listed in Table A.2. Also, a means of selecting the appropriate form of decoding for the user's system must be present in the QPSK demodulator. + +Table A.2/J.184 – The differential coding scheme for OOB QPSK signal + +| I Data | Q Data | Default Carrier Phase Changes | Alternate Carrier Phase Changes | +|--------|--------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| 0 | 0 | No Change | No Change | +| 0 | 1 | –90 degrees CW | +90 degrees CW | +| 1 | 0 | +90 degrees CW | –90 degrees CW | +| 1 | 1 | 180 degrees | 180 degrees | + +#### A.5.1.4 OOB modulator RF output + +The OOB QPSK modulator RF output specifications are shown in Table A.3. + +**Table A.3/J.184 – The OOB modulator RF output** + +| Parameter name | Specification | +|----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| Centre Frequency RF Output | 75.25 MHz carrier frequency, same as specified in Table A.1 | +| Step Size for RF Output | 50 kHz | +| RF Output Power range | +30 to +50 dBmV | +| Output level stability vs time & temperature | ±2 dB | +| Output level stability vs frequency changes | ±2 dB | +| RF Centre frequency accuracy | ±0.01% | +| I/Q Amplitude Imbalance | 0.5 dB typical | +| I/Q Phase Imbalance | 1.0 degree typical | + +#### A.5.1.5 OOB carrier input power at receiver + +The received power level of the OOB carrier at the subscriber's decoder is from +5 dBmV to –10 dBmV at 75 Ω cable impedance. + +### A.5.2 Physical layer for return-path transmission + +#### A.5.2.1 Return-path modem description + +For most applications, the return-path data sent from the subscriber site to the cable-TV headend is generated and must be transmitted in short bursts. The small ATM protocol cell structure is well suited to this need. A block code FEC is used to allow both correction of some transmission errors and detection of packets that cannot be corrected. For many applications upstream packets that cannot be corrected can be retransmitted. Block or convolutional interleaving is not appropriate since their function is to spread out error bursts over many FEC blocks. These upstream transmissions are often a single FEC block. + +#### A.5.2.2 RF return path packet format + +The upstream data sent from subscriber Digital Terminals to the Headend is in ATM packet format. Each ATM packet is concatenated with a 28-bit Unique Word, a one byte Packet Sequence counter, and 8 Reed-Solomon parity bytes as shown in Table A.4. The 28-bit Unique Word, which can be written as (I, Q), is used to identify the start of the data packet for robust Sync detection by the return-path receiver. The packet sequence byte consists of a message number (3 bits), and a sequence number (5 bits). The message number is used to associate upstream cells with a particular Protocol Data Unit (PDU). It is incremented every time the first cell of a new PDU is sent. The sequence number, which has a field length of 5 bits, is used to identify the order of the cells within a PDU. It starts at 0 for each new message number, and used by the headend return-path demodulator to detect missing cells for the RF modem report-backs. + +**Table A.4/J.184 – Upstream Packet Format** + +| Parameter | Specification | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------| +| Unique Word | 28 bits (1100 1100 1100 1100 1100 1100 0000) | +| Packet Sequence | 1 byte | +| ATM data | 53 bytes | +| R-S parity | 8 bytes | + +#### A.5.2.3 RF Return-Path Forward Error Correction + +The FEC code in the return-path transmission link is a R-S $T = 4$ (62, 54) code over the GF(256) field. Each R-S symbol consists of 8 bits. This FEC code is capable of correcting four symbol errors for a R-S block of 62 symbols. The following primitive polynomial over GF(256) is used: + +$$p(X) = X^8 + X^7 + X^2 + X + 1$$ + +The generator polynomial for this FEC code is: + +$$g(x) = (X - \alpha^{120})(X - \alpha^{121})(X - \alpha^{122})(X - \alpha^{123})(X - \alpha^{124})(X - \alpha^{125})(X - \alpha^{126})(X - \alpha^{127})$$ + +where $\alpha$ is a primitive element in GF(256). + +The encoding circuit is efficiently implemented via shift registers using arithmetic over GF(256). + +#### A.5.2.4 RF return-path randomizer + +The randomizer circuit uses a PN generator, which employs a 13-bit shift register. The input bit stream is XOR'ed with this PN sequence. Taps are located at the output of stages 1, 3, 4 and 13 of the shift register. Stages 1 to 5 of the shift register are always initialized to zero for each packet. Stages 6-13 are initialized to a programmable value. The 8-bit default value for this initialization is all ones (0xFF). The randomizer is shown in Table A.5. The generating polynomial is identical to the one used in the OOB randomization circuit. + +**Table A.5/J.184 – RF return path randomizer** + +![Diagram of the RF return path randomizer circuit. It shows a 13-bit shift register with stages labeled z^-1. The first five stages are 'Initialized to 0' and the remaining eight are 'Initialized to 1'. Taps from stages 1, 3, 4, and 13 are connected to three XOR gates (circles with a plus sign). The outputs of these XOR gates are combined and fed back into the input of the shift register. The final output of the 13th stage is labeled 'Output'. A small label 'T0911430-00' is at the bottom right.](124c6108c63173818afb8ed49521e22d_img.jpg) + +Diagram of the RF return path randomizer circuit. It shows a 13-bit shift register with stages labeled z^-1. The first five stages are 'Initialized to 0' and the remaining eight are 'Initialized to 1'. Taps from stages 1, 3, 4, and 13 are connected to three XOR gates (circles with a plus sign). The outputs of these XOR gates are combined and fed back into the input of the shift register. The final output of the 13th stage is labeled 'Output'. A small label 'T0911430-00' is at the bottom right. + +#### A.5.2.5 RF return path modulator + +The return path modulator uses differential encoding to enable phase invariant reception at the headend. Two modes of differential decoding are defined to accommodate different system local oscillators. The default mode is used unless the alternate is explicitly selected. The two differential coding schemes are defined in Table A.6 as follows: + +**Table A.6/J.184 – Phase change of QPSK carrier** + +| I Data | Q Data | Output | | +|--------|--------|----------------|----------------| +| | | Default mode | Alternate mode | +| 0 | 0 | No Change | No Change | +| 0 | 1 | +90 degrees CW | –90 degrees CW | +| 1 | 0 | –90 degrees CW | +90 degrees CW | +| 1 | 1 | 180 degrees | 180 degrees | + +The output data from the differential encoder feeds the Nyquist pulse shaping filters which are implemented using Square Root Raised Cosine filters with a 50% roll-off ( $\alpha = 0.5$ ). The output of the filters feeds the QPSK modulator which assigns two input bits per symbol. The data transmission rate of the signal is 256 kbit/s. The return-path modulator operates over the entire specified frequency range from 8 to 40 MHz. + +The return path modulator output specifications are summarized in Table A.7. + +**Table A.7/J.184 – RF return-path modulator output specifications** + +| Parameter name | Specification | +|--------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------| +| Modulation Type | Differentially-Encoded QPSK | +| Access Scheme | Polling and ALOHA (programmable) | +| Data Transmission Rate | 256 kbit/s $\pm$ 50 ppm | +| Symbol Rate | 128 kbit/s $\pm$ 50 ppm | +| Channel Spacing | 192 kHz | +| Transmit Filter Shape | Square-Root Raised Cosine, $\alpha = 0.5$ | +| FEC Code | R-S T = 4 (62, 54) over GF(256) | +| RF Output Power Range | +24 dBmV to +60 dBmV | +| Spurious Output Level (idle state) | $< -30$ dBmV (in-band), $< -65$ dBmV (out-of-band) | +| Spurious Output Level (active state) | $< -50$ dBc (in-band), $< -65$ dBmV (out-of-band) | +| Frequency Range | 8.096 MHz to 40.160 MHz in 192 kHz steps | +| System Clock Frequency | 4.096 MHz | + +#### A.5.2.6 RF return-path demodulator specification (Informative) + +The return-path differentially-encoded QPSK demodulator uses the same FEC code as the modulator. The required $C/(N+I)$ of the input signal, which includes interference effect (I) due to ingress and impulse noise in the return-path channels, is equal or greater than 20 dB at packet error rate (PER) less than $1 \cdot 10^{-7}$ . The required $C/(N+I)$ assumes the simultaneous presence of multiple impairments in the upstream channel. PER is the ratio of the number of error packets to the total number of transmitted packets. The return-path demodulator specifications are summarized in Table A.8. + +**Table A.8/J.184 – RF return-path demodulator specifications** + +| Parameter Name | Specification | +|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------| +| RF Input Level | $3 \pm 10$ dBmV | +| C/(N+I) of Input Signal | $\geq 20$ dB @ PER $< 1 \cdot 10^{-7}$ (post FEC) | +| Block Synchronization | Unique Word | +| Channel Tuning Resolution | 8 kHz | +| Signal Level Measurement Accuracy | $\pm 2$ dB at the input | +| Spurious and Harmonics Level | $< -40$ dBc @ 128 kHz (In-band) | +| PER Packet Error Rate | | + +### A.5.3 Extended practice for return-path transmission (Informative) + +This clause provides the specifications of the extended practice for return-path transmission systems. The higher upstream transmission rates are optional for new Digital Terminals and cable modems applications. + +The return-path modulator output specifications are summarized in Table A.9. It references to DOCSIS RFI specifications: *Radio Frequency Interface Specification SP-RFIv1.1-I01-990311* [3]. As DOCSIS is still evolving with extended practices for more enhanced data features, the current implementation may be upgraded as future needs arise. + +The maximum channel bandwidth (measured at $-30$ dB) is 25% larger than the symbol rate (in kHz), except for the lowest symbol rate case, which has a bandwidth of 192 kHz. + +**Table A.9/J.184 – RF Return-Path Modulator Output Specifications** + +| Parameter name | Specification | +|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Modulation Type | Differentially-Encoded QPSK and 16-QAM | +| Symbol Rate | 128, 160, 320, 640, 1 280, 2 560 ksym/s $\pm 50$ ppm | +| RF Output Power Range | 8 to 58 dBmV (QPSK), 8 to 55 dBmV (16-QAM) | +| Transmit Output Power Accuracy | $\pm 2$ dB | +| Output Power Step Size Accuracy | $\pm 0.4$ dB | +| Transmit Filter Shape | Square-Root Raised Cosine, $\alpha = 0.25$ | +| FEC Code | Programmable R-S $T = 1$ to $T = 10$ over GF(256) | +| Integrated Phase Noise (in-band) | $\leq -43$ dBc (including discrete spurious noise) | +| Spurious Output Level | $-53$ dBc (during bursts), $-72$ dBc or $-59$ dBmV (between bursts) | +| Frequency Range | 5 to 42 MHz | + +The extended transmission specifications, which are based on DOCSIS/MCNS specifications [3] for the RF return-path demodulator, are summarized in Table A.10. + +**Table A.10/J.184 – Return-path demodulator specifications** + +| Parameter name | Specification | +|-------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Nominal Received Power Range (for each carrier) | –16 to +14 dBmV (160 ksym/s)
–13 to +17 dBmV (320 ksym/s)
–10 to +20 dBmV (640 ksym/s)
–7 to +23 dBmV (1 280 ksym/s)
–4 to +26 dBmV (2 560 ksym/s) | +| RF Input Signal Level Range | ±6 dB of nominal received power | +| Maximum Received Power | < 35 dBmV | +| Block Synchronization | Variable-length preamble up to:
512 symbols (QPSK), 256 symbols (16-QAM) | +| Group-Delay Variation (in-band) | ≤ 100 ns | +| SER Symbol Error Rate | | + +## A.6 Data link layer + +This clause describes the Data Link Layer of the Out-Of-Band downstream and upstream channels. It specifies the communication between Network Related Control (NRC), for example the Network Controller at the Headend, and the Digital Terminal. The Medium Access Control sublayer is comprised of control messages, described within this clause, and is independent of the physical layer; hence it may reside above any different rate of the physical layer, In-Band or Out-Of-Band, without any loss of functionality. Another MAC characteristic is that it can be tailored to accommodate different traffic characteristics dynamically or per configuration. At present, only contention-mode access (ALOHA, non-TDMA) is considered as a requirement. Therefore, any TDMA related consideration is strictly optional. + +The Data Link Layer, along with its MAC (Media Access Control) sublayer, is responsible for transporting Network Layer PDUs between the Digital Terminal and the Headend. The layer also provides segmenting and reassembly of higher layer PDUs, e.g. network layer, as well as routing to the corresponding protocol stack. Additional information about general DLL and MAC functionality may be found in IEEE 802-1990, *Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Overview and Architecture* [1], and ISO/IEC 10039:1991, *Information Technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Local Area Networks – Medium Access Control (MAC) service definition* [1]. + +To maximize the synergy on the In-Band and Out-Of-Band, the link layer syntax is MPEG-2 TS based. This is described further in the clauses below. Additional detail may be found in ITU-T H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems* [2]. + +### A.6.1 Application PDU Processing + +Figures A.6 and A.7 show the packetization schemes for upstream and downstream, respectively. + +For the upstream direction, the higher protocol layers hand off the SDU to the data link layer. The data link layer adds the Upstream Link Layer Header and Upstream Link Layer Trailer. Padding may also be necessary so that the entire Data Link Layer PDU (i.e. Upstream Link Layer Header + Higher Layer PDU + Padding + Upstream Link Layer Trailer) is a multiple of 48 bytes. The pad character is 0x00. The CRC in the Link Layer Trailer is computed over the entire Data Link PDU. + +In the downstream direction, MPEG-2 transport packets are received and filtered based on PID values. Following this, Data Link Layer messages are reassembled, address filtered, and CRC checked. From an MPEG-2 point of view, Data Link Layer messages form an MPEG-2 private stream. The reassembly of those messages from the underlying MPEG-2 transport packets is as per + +the MPEG-2 specification, using the Payload Unit Start Indicator bit in the MPEG-2 transport packet header. Those messages addressed to the Digital Terminal are processed by the Digital Terminal. For packets containing higher layer application PDUs, the PDU is extracted, reassembled and routed based on the Protocol ID field. + +![Diagram of upstream data link layer processing of application PDUs](08a978a124d3ed6cf1a3d0cfd89418d0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the upstream data link layer processing of application PDUs. At the top, a box labeled 'Service Data Unit (SDU)' is shown. Below it, a dashed line separates the upper layers from the 'Data Link Layer'. A large downward arrow points from the SDU to a 'Protocol Data Unit (PDU)' structure. This PDU is a horizontal rectangle divided into four parts: 'Upstream Link Layer Header', 'Protocol Data Unit (PDU)', 'Pad with nulls', and 'Upstream Link Layer Trailer'. Below this PDU, five arrows point down to five separate boxes, each labeled '48-Byte Data'. An ellipsis (...) is placed between the fourth and fifth boxes. Below these boxes, another dashed line separates them from the 'MAC Sublayer'. Two large downward arrows point from the '48-Byte Data' boxes to two identical 'Upstream MAC Packet' structures. Each structure consists of three boxes: 'MAC Header', '48-Byte Data', and 'FEC'. These three boxes are grouped by a bracket below them labeled 'Upstream MAC Packet'. An ellipsis (...) is placed between the two MAC packet structures. The text 'T0911440-00' is located to the right of the second MAC packet structure. + +Diagram of upstream data link layer processing of application PDUs + +**Figure A.6/J.184 – Upstream data link layer processing of application PDUs** + +![Diagram of downstream data link layer processing of application PDUs. The diagram shows the flow of data from multiple MPEG-2 Transport Stream Packets through a MAC layer (MAC Header, MAC Message Body, CRC) to form a Protocol Data Unit (PDU), which is then encapsulated into a Service Data Unit (SDU) within the Data Link Layer. The MAC SubLayer is also indicated.](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the downstream data link layer processing of application PDUs. At the bottom, five boxes labeled "MPEG-2 Transport Stream Packet" are shown, with an ellipsis between the fourth and fifth. Arrows point from each of these packets up to a large box representing the MAC layer. This box is divided into three sections: "MAC Header", "MAC Message Body", and "CRC". An arrow points from the "MAC Message Body" section up to a box labeled "Protocol Data Unit (PDU)". Above this box is a dashed line labeled "MAC SubLayer". Another arrow points from the "PDU" box up to a box labeled "Service Data Unit (SDU)". Above the "SDU" box is a dashed line labeled "Data Link Layer". In the bottom right corner of the diagram area, the text "T0911450-00" is present. + +Diagram of downstream data link layer processing of application PDUs. The diagram shows the flow of data from multiple MPEG-2 Transport Stream Packets through a MAC layer (MAC Header, MAC Message Body, CRC) to form a Protocol Data Unit (PDU), which is then encapsulated into a Service Data Unit (SDU) within the Data Link Layer. The MAC SubLayer is also indicated. + +**Figure A.7/J.184 – Downstream data link layer processing of application PDUs** + +### A.6.2 Link layer headers/trailers + +Link Layer Headers/Trailers encapsulate the downstream and upstream PDUs. In both directions, the Link Layer Headers include a protocol identifier which allows multiple protocol stacks to reside above the Data Link Layer. Also, the Link Layer Headers provide information such as the length of the higher layer PDU. + +#### A.6.2.1 Upstream link layer header + +The Upstream Link Layer Header includes a protocol ID which allows multiple protocol stacks to reside over the Data Link Layer. The upstream link layer trailer includes information which is needed to reassemble received MAC packets into Link Layer packets in the headend. The upstream link layer header and trailer are defined as follows: + +| Upstream_LL_Header(){

Protocol_ID
} | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description
| +|------------------------------------------------------|-------------|--------------|------------------------------------| +| | 8 | 1 | | + +| Upstream_LL_Trailer(){

Reserved
Msg_Length
CRC
} | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description
| +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|--------------|------------------------------------| +| | 16 | 2 | | +| | 16 | 2 | in bytes | +| | 32 | 4 | | + +##### **Protocol\_ID** + +Protocol\_ID identifies the protocol stack above the Data Link Layer. The current protocols defined are (see Table A.11): + +**Table A.11/J.184 – Protocol IDs** + +| Protocol ID | Protocol | +|--------------------|--------------------------------------| +| 0x00 | IP | +| 0x01 | Simple Connectionless Protocol (SCP) | +| 0x02 | Administration Protocol | + +Protocol\_ID "1" is for compressed form of UDP/IP. Protocol\_ID "2" is for administrative functions above the MAC layer. + +##### **Msg\_Length** + +This is the length of the original higher layer PDU in bytes, plus the Upstream Link Layer Header. It does not include padding or the Upstream Link Layer Trailer. + +##### **CRC** + +32-bit CRC function, computed over the entire Data Link Layer PDU, including the padding field. + +#### **A.6.2.2 Padding** + +The entire Data Link Layer PDU, including the Upstream Link Layer Header, the Higher Layer PDU, and the Upstream Link Layer Trailer, must be a multiple of 48 bytes. In order to achieve this, it may be necessary to add padding between the higher layer PDU and the Upstream Link Layer Trailer. The padding character is 0x00. + +#### **A.6.2.3 Downstream link layer header** + +The Downstream Link Layer Header consists of a Protocol Identifier. This Protocol ID allows multiple protocol stacks to reside over the Data Link Layer. + +The following header is prefixed to higher layer PDUs in the downstream direction. Its purpose is to aid in the reassembly of PDUs. + +| Downstream_LL_Header(){

Protocol_ID
} | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|--------------------------------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| | 8 | 1 | | + +##### Protocol\_ID + +Same as in the Upstream Link Layer Header in A.6.2.1. + +#### A.6.2.4 Upstream CRC function + +In the upstream direction, the CRC is part of the link layer. In the downstream direction, the CRC is part of the MAC sublayer. + +The polynomial for the CRC used in the upstream direction is the CRC ITU-T polynomial as shown below: + +$$x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + 1$$ + +#### A.6.2.5 Downstream CRC function + +The downstream trailer consists of the CRC. The polynomial for the downstream CRC calculation is as follows: + +$$x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1$$ + +The initial seed for the calculation is 0xffffffff. + +#### A.6.2.6 Acknowledgment protocol + +A simple acknowledgment protocol is used which allows for an acknowledgment message transmitted by the Headend in response to each upstream MAC cell received. After transmitting each MAC cell upstream, the terminal will await either an acknowledgment message or the expiration of a timer. If no acknowledgment is received and the timer expires, the Digital Terminal uses a randomized backoff algorithm to wait and retransmit the cell. The randomization is required to prevent two colliding stations from becoming synchronized and continuously colliding as they backoff and retry. This contention resolution scheme is an exponential random backoff algorithm similar to the one used by Ethernet. + +The upstream MAC cell contains a retry counter. The retry counter is set to 0 for the initial transmission of an upstream cell. Every time the cell is retransmitted, the retry counter is increased. The retry counter is used by Headend equipment to determine what the collision level is on a particular upstream channel. A key parameter for the Acknowledgment Protocol is the MAX\_ACKNOWLEDGMENT\_TIME parameter. + +The retry counter and the MAX\_ACKNOWLEDGMENT\_TIME are programmable. + +### A.6.3 Segmentation and reassembly + +#### A.6.3.1 Upstream + +The upstream segmentation and reassembly algorithm is based on ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). The Upstream Link Layer Trailer corresponds to the AAL5 Trailer and contains the Msg\_Length field which indicates the length of the original higher layer PDU. As with AAL5, the lower layer MAC packets contain a field (Payload Type) to indicate which MAC packet is the *last* MAC packet in a PDU. By knowing which MAC packet is the last MAC packet, and given that the entire Data Link Layer PDU was padded out to a 48-byte multiple, it is possible to extract the Msg\_Length field from the last MAC packet. Using this field, it is then possible to compute the number of MAC packets which make up the PDU. + +#### A.6.3.2 Downstream + +In the downstream direction, packets are segmented into an MPEG-2 transport stream. Reassembly utilizes information in the transport packet header and is defined in the MPEG-2 specification. + +#### A.6.3.3 Maximum PDU sizes + +In the upstream direction, the Link Layer can accept PDUs up to a maximum of 1 024 bytes. Including the header and trailer overhead, this would translate into a maximum of 22 MAC packets. + +In the downstream direction, the Link Layer can accept PDUs up to a maximum of 1 010 ( $= 1\,024 - 14$ ) bytes for singlecast PDUs, or 1 015 ( $= 1\,024 - 9$ ) bytes for broadcast PDUs. This is derived by subtracting the Link Layer Header and CRC from 1 024 byte, the limitation of MPEG-2 messages. + +### A.6.4 MAC information transport + +The scope of this clause is limited to the definition and specification of the MAC Layer protocol. The detailed operations within the MAC layer are hidden from the above layers. + +This clause focuses on the required message flows between the Headend and the Digital Terminal for Media Access Control. These messages are divided into three categories: Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On Management, Connection Management and Link Management. + +#### A.6.4.1 Downstream MAC Message Format + +NOTE – All messages are sent most significant bit first. + +| Downstream_MAC (){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Message_Type | 8 | 1 | | +| Always_zero | 1 | 2 | 15: set to 0 | +| Address_Type | 3 | | 14..12 | +| Message_Length | 12 | | 11..0 | +| If(Address_Type==
singlecast_unit){
unit_creation_address
} | 40 | 5 | | +| If(Address_Type==
singlecast_network){
network_address
} | 40 | 5 | | +| If(Address_Type==
multicast40_address){
multicast40_address
} | 40 | 5 | | +| If(Address_Type==
multicast16_address){
multicast16_address
} | 16 | 2 | | + +| | | | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------| +| If(Address_Type==
multicast24_address){
multicast24_address
} | 24 | 3 | | +| Message_Type_Version_Field | 8 | 1 | | +| frames_extention_flag | 1 | | 7: set to 0 | +| segmentation_overlay_included | 1 | | 6: set to 0 | +| message_preamble | 1 | | 5: set to 0 | +| message_type_version | 5 | | 4..0: set to 0 | +| } | | | | + +##### Message\_Type + +This field indicates the type of message being transmitted. For the MAC Layer, two message types are defined – one for interactive application data (i.e. user data that have been adapted (segmented) into MAC packets), the other for MAC Signalling Messages. See Table A.12. + +**Table A.12/J.184 – MAC Message Type Values** + +| Value | Message type | +|-------|------------------| +| 0x8E | Interactive Data | +| 0x8F | MAC Signalling | + +##### Address\_Type + +Address\_Type defines the type of address included in the message. Table A.13 outlines defined address types: + +**Table A.13/J.184 – Address Types** + +| Value | Address type | +|-------|--------------------| +| 0x00 | broadcast | +| 0x01 | singlecast_unit | +| 0x02 | singlecast_network | +| 0x03 | multicast40 | +| 0x04 | multicast16 | +| 0x05 | multicast24 | + +##### Message\_Length + +Message\_Length, expressed in bytes, includes all fields following the Message\_Length field itself (including the CRC). + +##### Message\_Type\_Version\_Field + +This field contains three flags (all set to 0) and the Message\_Type\_Version\_Field, which must be set to 0 as well. + +The address types are for the downstream direction to the Set Top Box as the message name specifies. As the address fields are of different lengths, the downstream header size will vary with different address types. + +#### A.6.4.2 Upstream packet format + +The upstream packet format is as follows: + +| Reserved
(1 bit) | Message
Number
(2 bits) | Seq.
Num
(5 bits) | MAC
CTRL
(4 bits) | UPM
Address
(24 bits) | PT
(3 bits) | Ack
Req.
(1 bit) | Retry
Counter
(8 bits) | PAYLOAD (48 bytes) | +|---------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------|------------------------|------------------------------|--------------------| +|---------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------|------------------------|------------------------------|--------------------| + +Each upstream packet is prefixed by a unique word (28 bits) which allows the burst demodulator to identify the start of the packet. Upstream packets also include an 8-byte FEC field for error detection and correction. + +| Upstream_Packet(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/Description | +|--------------------------|------------|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Reserved | 1 | 1 | 7 | +| Message_Number | 2 | | {6..5}/Increments for each new PDU | +| Sequence_Number | 5 | | {4..0}/Increments for each new MAC packet transmitted upstream. Starts at 0 for each new Segmented PDU Number. | +| MAC_Control_Field | 4 | 4 | {31..28}/Used to identify the nature of the MAC packet. | +| UPM_Address | 24 | | {27..4}/Upstream MAC Address. Identifies decoder-transmitting packet. | +| Payload_Type | 3 | | {3..1}/1 for last MAC packet in a PDU. 0: Otherwise. | +| ACK_Required | 1 | | {0}/1 for MAC packets requiring Acknowledgment. 0: Otherwise. | +| Retry_Counter | 8 | 1 | Increments for each retransmission of a MAC packet. | +| Payload | 384 | 48 | Payload | +| } | | | | + +##### Message\_Number + +The Message\_Number, or the Segmented PDU Number field is used to associate packets with a particular PDU. It increments every time the first packet of a new PDU is sent. + +##### Sequence\_Number + +The Sequence\_Number is used to identify the order of packets within a PDU. It starts at 0 for each new Message\_Number (see above). The Sequence\_Number does not increment when a packet is re-transmitted because an acknowledgment was not received. + +##### MAC\_Control\_Field + +The MAC\_Control\_Field identifies the nature of the MAC Packet. Table A.14 shows values for the MAC Control Field: + +**Table A.14/J.184 – MAC control field values** + +| MAC control field | Description | +|-------------------|-----------------------------------| +| 0000 | Application Data | +| 0001 | Application Data, no segmentation | +| 1001 | MAC Signalling Messages | +| 1000 | Reserved | +| 1100 | Reserved | + +##### **UPM\_Address** + +The Upstream MAC, UPM\_Address is used in the NRC to associate a received packet with a particular decoder. + +##### **Payload\_Type (PT)** + +This field is used by the reassembly engine. In AAL5, the information needed to reassemble a higher layer PDU from individual ATM packets (MAC packets in this system) is contained in the last packet. Therefore, the last packet must be indicated. This field is set to 0x01 if the packet is the last (or only) packet which makes up a PDU. The field is 0 otherwise. + +##### **Ack\_Required** + +A value of 1 indicates that the packet requires an explicit acknowledgment from the NRC. A value of 0 indicates that no acknowledgment is required or expected. + +##### **Retry\_Counter** + +This field indicates the number of times the decoder had to retry when sending a packet upstream before it was correctly received. The NRC equipment can examine this field for statistics and diagnostic information. The first time a packet is transmitted upstream, this field is set to 0. It increments every time the same packet is retransmitted because an acknowledgment was not received. + +##### **Payload** + +This is the data portion of the packet and contains 48 bytes of data. Since higher level PDUs are already padded up to 48 bytes, no additional padding is needed. For MAC Signalling Messages, which may be shorter than 48 bytes, the remainder of the payload is padded with the null (0x00) character. + +### **A.6.5 MAC signalling messages** + +#### **A.6.5.1 MAC signalling message encapsulation** + +MAC signalling messages are part of the MAC sublayer. As such, they are transported in MAC packets. In the upstream direction, MAC signalling messages are placed directly into a MAC packet, and do not contain the Link Layer Header, nor do they contain the CRC field. The Payload Type field in the upstream MAC header is, by definition, 1, for all MAC signalling messages. Note that since MAC Signalling Messages may be less than 48 bytes, the remainder of the 48-byte payload in the MAC packet should be padded up with the null (0x00) character. + +In the downstream direction, MAC signalling messages do not contain the downstream link layer header. They are prefaced by the MAC header and appended with the CRC. MAC Signalling messages are designated by the value of the Message Type field. + +Figures A.8 and A.9 indicate the encapsulation for MAC Signalling Messages. + +![Diagram of MAC signalling message encapsulation upstream](5414f65867392f05ba0063b208eeb5e1_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the encapsulation of a MAC Signalling Message for upstream transmission. At the top, a box labeled "MAC Signalling Message" is shown. A large downward-pointing arrow leads to a structure labeled "Upstream MAC Packet". This packet consists of two adjacent boxes: "Upstream Packet Header" on the left and "48-Byte Data" on the right. A bracket underneath these two boxes identifies them as the "Upstream MAC Packet". The reference code "T0911460-00" is located to the right of the packet structure. + +Diagram of MAC signalling message encapsulation upstream + +NOTE – MAC Control field in MAC Header indicates MAC signalling. + +**Figure A.8/J.184 – Encapsulation of MAC signalling messages upstream** + +![Diagram of MAC signalling message encapsulation downstream](7d2d1d3870cd224c4430d19334557716_img.jpg) + +This diagram illustrates the encapsulation of MAC Signalling Messages for downstream transmission. At the top, a box labeled "MAC Signalling Message" is shown. A large upward-pointing arrow leads to a long horizontal box representing the downstream packet. This box is divided into three parts: "Downstream MAC Header" on the left, "MAC Signalling Message" in the center, and "CRC" on the right. Below this packet, five boxes labeled "MPEG-2 Transport Packet" are shown, with an ellipsis between the fourth and fifth boxes. Arrows point from each of these transport packets up into the "Downstream MAC Header" and "MAC Signalling Message" sections of the packet above. The reference code "T0911470-00" is located to the right of the last transport packet. + +Diagram of MAC signalling message encapsulation downstream + +**Figure A.9/J.184 – Encapsulation of MAC signalling messages downstream** + +#### **A.6.5.2 MAC signalling message format** + +The MAC Signalling Message below is defined in the DAVIC specification [4]. All MAC signalling messages, whether upstream or downstream, conform to this message format. + +NOTE – All messages are sent most significant bit first. + +| MAC_Signalling_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Message_Configuration | | 1 | | +| Protocol_Version | 5 | | 7..3:{enum} | +| Syntax_Indicator | 3 | | 2..0:{enum} | +| Message_Type | 8 | 1 | | +| if (Syntax_Indicator==001) { | | | | +| MAC_Address | 48 | 6 | | +| } | | | | +| MAC_Information_Elements () | | N | | +| } | | | | + +##### Protocol\_Version + +Protocol\_Version is a 5-bit enumerated type used to identify the current MAC version. + +For this version of the MAC, the Protocol Version will be 0x1f. + +##### Syntax\_Indicator + +Syntax\_Indicator is a 3-bit enumerated type that indicates the addressing type contained in the MAC message. + +| | | | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|----| +| enum Syntax_Indicator { | No_MAC_Address,
MAC_Address_Included,
Reserved 2..7 | }; | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|----| + +##### MAC\_Address + +MAC\_Address is a 48-bit value representing the unique MAC address of the Digital Terminal. Specifically, the MAC address is the 40-bit unit address of the terminal, with the most significant 8 bits set to 0. + +#### A.6.5.3 ALOHA MAC Messages + +The table below shows the MAC message types defined by DAVIC [4]. + +Messages shown in *italics* are transmitted from the Digital Terminal to the headend. + +Messages which are used in the ALOHA MAC are underlined in the table below. + +| Message type value | Message name | Addressing type | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------| +| 0x01-0x1F | MAC Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On Message | | +| 0x01 | Provisioning Channel Message | Broadcast | +| 0x02 | Default Configuration Message | Broadcast | +| 0x03 | Sign-On Request Message | Broadcast | +| 0x04 | Sign-On Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x05 | Ranging and Power Calibration Message | Singlecast | +| 0x06 | Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x07 | Initialization Complete Message | Singlecast | +| 0x08-0x1F | [Reserved] | Singlecast | +| 0x20-0x3F | MAC Connection Establishment and Termination Msgs | | +| 0x20 | Connect Message | Singlecast | +| 0x21 | Connect Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x22 | Reservation Request Message | Singlecast | +| 0x23 | Reservation Response Message | Broadcast | +| 0x24 | Connect Confirm Message | Singlecast | +| 0x25 | Release Message | Singlecast | +| 0x26 | Release Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x27 | Idle Message | Singlecast | +| 0x28 | Reservation Grant Message | Singlecast | +| 0x29 | Reservation ID Assignment | Singlecast | +| 0x2A | Reservation Status Request | Singlecast | +| 0x2B | Reservation ID Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x2C-0x3F | [Reserved] | | +| 0x40-0x5F | MAC Link Management Msgs | | +| 0x40 | Transmission Control Message | Singlecast/
Broadcast | +| 0x41 | Reprovision Message | Singlecast | +| 0x42 | Link Management Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x43 | Status Request Message | Singlecast | +| 0x44 | Status Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x45-0x5F | [Reserved] | | +| 0x60-0x6F | Private MAC Extensions | | +| 0x60 | Logical Address Message | Singlecast | +| 0x61 | Contention Channel List Message | Broadcast | +| 0x62 | Acknowledge/Power Adjust Message | Singlecast | +| 0x63 | Synchronization Timebase Message | Broadcast | + +##### A.6.5.3.1 Default Configuration Message + +The DEFAULT CONFIGURATION MESSAGE is sent by the headend to the Digital Terminal. The message provides default parameter and configuration information to the Digital Terminal. The format of the message is shown below. + +| Default_Configuration_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Sign-On_Incr_Pwr_Retry_Count | 8 | 1 | | +| Service_Channel_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Service_Channel_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| MAC_Flag_Set | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Service_Channel | 3 | | 2..0 | +| Backup_Service_Channel_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Backup_Service_Channel_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| Backup_MAC_Flag_Set | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Backup_Service_Channel | 3 | | 2..0 | +| Service_Channel_Frame_Length | 16 | 2 | | +| Service_Channel_Last_Slot | 13 | 2 | 15..3 | +| Upstream_Transmission_Rate | 3 | | 2..0 | +| Max_Power_Level | 8 | 1 | | +| Min_Power_Level | 8 | 1 | | +| Power_Increment | 8 | 1 | | +| Timebase_Terminal_Count | 32 | 4 | | +| Ticks_Per_Timeslot | 16 | 2 | | +| OBTM_Correction_Factor | 32 | 4 | | +| IBTM_Correction_Factor | 32 | 4 | | +| Idle_Interval_Timer | 16 | 2 | in seconds | +| Default_Response_Collection_Time_Window | 16 | 2 | in seconds | +| Init_Abort_Timer | 16 | 2 | in seconds | +| } | | | | + +###### Sign-On\_Increment\_Power\_Retry\_Count + +Sign-On\_Incr\_Pwr\_Retry\_Count is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the number of attempts the Digital Terminal should try to enter the system at the same power level before incrementing its power level. The power level is incremented by 0.5 decibels each time. + +###### Service\_Channel\_Frequency + +This is the upstream frequency that the Digital Terminal should use to enter the network. All Sign-On messages should be sent on this frequency initially. + +###### Backup\_Service\_Channel\_Frequency + +During network entry, if the terminal reaches maximum power on the service channel and still has not been able to enter the network, it will switch to the backup service channel and will try to enter the network. If this also fails, it will switch back to the service channel and try again, alternating between the two until it can enter the network. Not all systems will have a backup service channel. If none is available, this field should be set to 0. + +###### **Service\_Channel\_Control\_Field, Backup\_Service\_Channel\_Control\_Field, Service\_Channel\_Frame\_Length, Service\_Channel\_Last\_Slot, Upstream\_Transmission\_Rate** + +These parameters are not applicable to the ALOHA MAC. + +###### **Maximum\_Power\_Level** + +MAX\_Power\_Level is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the maximum power the Digital Terminal shall be allowed to use to transmit upstream. Maximum\_Power\_Level is defined in units of 0.5 dBuV. A maximum power level of 60 dBmV is required. + +###### **Minimum\_Power\_Level** + +MIN\_Power\_Level is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the minimum power the Digital Terminal shall be allowed to use to transmit upstream. Minimum\_Power\_Level is defined in units of 0.5 dBuV. A minimum power level of 24 dBmV is required. + +###### **Power\_Increment** + +This is the amount by which the terminal should increment its power level when attempting to enter the network. It is expressed in increments of 0.5 decibels. + +###### **Timebase\_Terminal\_Count, Ticks\_Per\_Timeslot, OBTM\_Correction\_Factor, IBTM\_Correction\_Factor** + +These parameters apply only to TDMA versions of the MAC and are therefore "don't-cares" for the ALOHA MAC. + +###### **Idle\_Interval\_Timer** + +Idle\_Interval\_Timer is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the amount of time (in seconds) the Digital Terminal shall wait between transmission of IDLE MESSAGES. A value of 0 indicates that the terminal should not generate idle messages. + +###### **Default\_Response\_Collection\_Time\_Window** + +Used in the ALOHA MAC. The terminal will wait a random amount of time between 0 and Default\_Response\_Collection\_Time\_Window seconds after powering up before attempting to enter the network. This parameter may be set to 0 to indicate that the terminal should attempt to enter the network immediately upon powering up. *This parameter was not included in the original DAVIC [4] message.* + +###### **Init\_Abort\_Timer** + +This timer is used with the ALOHA MAC. When the terminal is waiting for the MAC Sign On Request or Logical Address message to continue initialization, it will set this timer. Should the timer expire before one of these messages is received, the terminal will assume the initialization process has failed and will restart the initialization process. A value of 0 is used to indicate that the terminal should use its internally coded default value for this timer. The unit of the Init\_Abort\_Timer is expressed in "seconds". + +##### **A.6.5.3.2 Sign-On Request Message** + +For the ALOHA version of the MAC, the SIGN-ON REQUEST MESSAGE is sent to a specific Digital Terminal to request that the Digital Terminal attempt to enter the network. + +| Sign-On_Request_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Sign-On_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| Reserved | 6 | | 7..2 | +| Upstream_Frequency_Included | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Address_Filter_Params_Included | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| Response_Collection_Time_Window | 16 | 2 | in seconds | +| If(Address_Filter_Params_Included==yes) { | | | | +| Address_Position_Mask | 8 | 1 | | +| Address_Comparison_Value | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | +| if(Upstream_Frequency_Included==yes){ | | | | +| Upstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | in Hz | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Sign-On\_Control\_Field + +Sign-On\_Control\_Field specifies what parameters are included in the SIGN-ON REQUEST. + +###### Upstream\_Frequency\_Included + +This flag indicates whether the Digital Terminal should use an upstream frequency other than the Service Channel's frequency to enter the network. + +NOTE – This feature was not provided for in the original DAVIC [4] specification. + +###### Address\_Filter\_Parameters\_Included + +These parameters will not be used in the ALOHA MAC. + +###### Response\_Collection\_Time\_Window + +After receiving a Sign-On Request message, the terminal will wait a random amount of time between 0 and Response\_Collection\_Time\_Window seconds before responding with the MAC Sign-On Response Message. + +###### Upstream\_Frequency + +If included, this is the frequency on which the Digital Terminal should attempt to enter the network. + +##### A.6.5.3.3 Sign-On Response Message + +The SIGN-ON RESPONSE MESSAGE is sent by the Digital Terminal in order to enter the network. This message is sent on the Service Channel to the network. When a terminal first enters the network using this message, it should set the Syntax Indicator in the MAC Signalling Message Header to 1 and include its 48-bit MAC address in the header. + +| Sign-On_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|--------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Return_Path_Id | 16 | 2 | | +| Downstream_Path_Id | 16 | 2 | | +| Digital_Terminal_Status | 32 | 4 | {enum} | +| Digital_Terminal_Capabilities | | 2 | | +| Reserved | 15 | | 1..15 | +| True IP Capable | 1 | | 0: {no, yes} | +| Digital_Terminal_Error_Code | 16 | 2 | {enum} | +| Digital_Terminal_Retry_Count | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | + +###### **Return\_Path\_Id, Downstream\_Path\_Id** + +These 16-bit Ids have been assigned to the terminal prior to the ALOHA MAC initialization and are sent upstream in the SIGN ON RESPONSE MESSAGE. + +###### **Digital\_Terminal\_Status** + +See definition in STATUS RESPONSE MESSAGE. + +###### **Digital\_Terminal\_Capabilities** + +This bit field parameter is used to indicate to the headend what the terminal's capabilities are. Currently the only defined value indicates whether terminal supports true IP or not. + +###### **Digital\_Terminal\_Error\_Code** + +Digital\_Terminal\_Error\_Code is a 16-bit unsigned integer that indicates the error condition within the Digital Terminal. + +``` +enum Digital Terminal_Error_Code {No_Error=0, + Range_Response_Timeout_Error, + Default_Connection_Timeout, + Connect_Confirm_Timeout, + Upstream_Sign_On_Failed, + Reserved 5..216-1 }; +``` + +###### **Digital\_Terminal\_Retry\_Count** + +Digital\_Terminal\_Retry\_Count is an 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of transmissions of the SIGN-ON RESPONSE MESSAGE. + +##### **A.6.5.3.4 Transmission Control Message** + +The TRANSMISSION CONTROL MESSAGE is sent to the Digital Terminal from the headend to control upstream transmission on ALOHA channels. + +| Transmission_Control_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Transmission_Control_Field | 1 | | +| Reserved | 6 | | 7..2 | +| Return_Path_Included | 1 | | 1: {no, yes} | +| Stop_Upstream_Transmission | 1 | | 0: {no, yes} | +| if(Return_Path_Included == yes) { | | | | +| Return_Path_Id | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Transmission\_Control\_Field + +Transmission\_Control\_Field specifies the control being asserted on the channel. + +If Return\_Path\_Included is set to 1, a Return\_Path\_Id will be present in the message, and the terminal should only process this message if its Return\_Path\_Id matches the one in the message. + +**Stop\_Upstream\_Transmission:** A 1 in this bit indicates that the terminal should halt all upstream ALOHA transmission, including Idles, after sending the response to this message. The terminal may resume upstream transmission upon receiving a Transmission Control Message with a Stop Upstream Transmission bit set to 0, OR upon receiving a MAC Sign On Request message. + +##### A.6.5.3.5 Link Management Response Message + +The LINK MANAGEMENT RESPONSE MESSAGE is sent by the Digital Terminal to the headend to indicate reception and processing of the previously sent Link Management Message. The format of the message is shown below. + +| Link_Management_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Link_Management_Message_Type | 8 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Link\_Management\_Message\_Type + +The Link\_Management\_Message\_Type is the message type to which this message is in response. For example, if this message is in response to a TRANSMISSION CONTROL MESSAGE, the Link\_Management\_Message\_Type field will be 0x40, whereas if this message is being sent in response to a Logical Address Message, its value will be 0x60. + +##### A.6.5.3.6 Idle Message + +This message is sent upstream to the headend when the idle timer has expired and the terminal has not sent any cells upstream which required an Acknowledgment in the idle timer interval. The idle timer interval is configured in the Default Configuration Message. This message is NOT sent upstream if the terminal has been told to stop upstream transmission with a TRANSMISSION CONTROL MESSAGE. + +| Idle_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Idle_Sequence_Count | 8 | 1 | +| Number_Open_Sockets | 8 | 1 | | +| Number_Error_Codes_Included | 8 | 1 | | +| for (i=0; | | | | +| iError_Param_Code | 8 | 1 | | +| Error_Param_Value | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### **Idle\_Sequence\_Count** + +Idle\_Sequence\_Count is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the count of IDLE MESSAGES transmitted while the Digital Terminal is Idle. + +###### **Number\_Open\_Sockets** + +Number\_Open\_Sockets is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the number of sockets open on the Digital Terminal. + +###### **Number\_Error\_Codes\_Included** + +The terminal may report error codes in the idle message. The number of codes reported in the message is indicated by this field. + +###### **Error\_Param\_Code, Error\_Param\_Value** + +Error\_Param\_Code is an 8-bit enumerated type field which indicates the type of error that occurred. For some types of errors, there may be a count associated with them. This count may be indicated in the Error\_Param\_Value field. + +##### **A.6.5.3.7 Status Request Message** + +The STATUS REQUEST MESSAGE is sent by the headend to the Digital Terminal to retrieve information about the health, connection information and error states of the Digital Terminal. The headend can request either the address parameters, error information, connection parameters or physical layer parameters from the Digital Terminal. The headend can only request one parameter type at a time to a particular Digital Terminal. + +NOTE 1 – Terminals which have had their upstream transmission suspended with a Transmission Control message will still respond to Status Request messages. + +| Status_Request_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Status_Control_Field | 1 | | +| Reserved | 4 | | 7..4 | +| Status_Type | 3 | | 3..1:{enum} | +| Frequency_Included | 1 | | 0: {no, yes} | +| if(Frequency_Included==yes) | | | | +| Response_Frequency | 32 | 4 | in Hz | +| } | | | | + +###### Status\_Type + +Status\_Type is a 3-bit enumerated type that indicates the status information the Digital Terminal should return. + +``` +enum Status_Type { Status_Only=0, + Address_Params, + Error_Params, + Physical_Layer_Params, + Reserved 4..7 }; +``` + +###### Frequency\_Included + +This bit indicates if the frequency on which the terminal should respond is included in the message. If the frequency is not included, the terminal will randomly pick from available upstream frequencies on what frequency to respond. + +###### Response\_Frequency + +If this field is included, it is used to indicate on what frequency the terminal should respond. + +NOTE 2 – This frequency must be in the Contention Channel List message which the terminal is using or the message will be discarded. + +##### A.6.5.3.8 Status Response Message + +The STATUS RESPONSE MESSAGE is sent by the Digital Terminal in response to the STATUS REQUEST MESSAGE issued by the headend. The contents of the information provided in this message will vary depending on the request made by the headend and the state of the Digital Terminal. + +| Status_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Digital_Terminal_Status | 32 | 4 | {enum} | +| Response_Fields_Included | | 1 | | +| Reserved | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Address_Params_Included | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Error_Information_Included | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Physical_Layer_Params_Included | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| if(Address_Params_Included==yes) { | | | | +| MAC_Address | 48 | 6 | | +| IP_Address | 32 | 4 | | +| Return_Path_Id | 16 | 2 | | +| Downstream_Path_Id | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| if(Error_Information_Included==yes) { | | | | +| Number_Error_Codes_Included | 8 | 1 | | +| for(i=0;
iError_Param_Code | 8 | 1 | | +| Error_Param_Value | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | +| if(Physical_Layer_Params_Included==yes) { | | | | +| Power_Control_Setting | 8 | 1 | | +| MAC_Transmission_Mode | 8 | 1 | {enum} | +| Polling_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Digital\_Terminal\_Status + +Digital\_Terminal\_Status is a 32-bit enumerated type that indicates the current state of the Digital Terminal. + +``` +enum Digital_Terminal_Status { Signing_On_Service_Channel, + Signing_On_Backup_Channel, + Signing_On_Upstream_Verification, + Interactive_Running, + Transmission_Stopped, + Reserved 5..232-1 }; +``` + +###### Response\_Fields\_Included + +Response\_Fields\_Included is an 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates what parameters are contained in the upstream status response. + +###### **Address Parameters:** + +###### **MAC\_Address** + +MAC\_Address is a 6-byte address assigned to the Digital Terminal. + +###### **IP\_Address** + +This is the 32-bit IP Address assigned to the terminal. + +###### **Return\_Path\_Id, Downstream\_Path\_Id** + +These are the path identifications of the terminal. + +###### **Error Parameters:** + +###### **Number\_of\_Error\_Codes\_Included** + +Number\_Error\_Codes\_Included is an 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of error codes contained in the response. + +###### **Error\_Param\_Code** + +Error\_Param\_Code is an 8-bit enumerated type representing the type of error reported by the Digital Terminal. + +| | | | +|-------------------------|----------|-----------| +| enum Error_Param_Code { | TBD, | | +| | Reserved | 1..255 }; | + +###### **Error\_Param\_Value** + +Error\_Param\_Value is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing error counts detected by the Digital Terminal. + +###### **Physical Parameters:** + +###### **Power\_Control\_Setting** + +Power\_Control\_Setting is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the absolute power attenuation that the Digital Terminal is using for upstream transmission. + +###### **MAC\_Transmission\_Mode** + +This parameter will indicate if the terminal has had its upstream transmission stopped by the headend via a Transmission Control message or not. + +| | | | +|------------------------------|--------------------------------|----| +| Enum_MAC_Transmission_Mode { | Transmission Stopped=0, | | +| | Transmission Allowed, | | +| | Reserved 2..2 32 -1 | }; | + +###### **Polling\_Frequency** + +This is the polling frequency assigned to the terminal for the NRC poll responses. It will have been configured by the NRC. + +##### **A.6.5.3.9 Logical Address Message** + +The LOGICAL ADDRESS MESSAGE is sent to the Digital Terminal from the headend to configure address types supported by the Digital Terminal. + +| Logical_Address_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Address_Fields_Included | 1 | | +| Network_Addr_Included | 1 | | 7 (no, yes) | +| Multicast40_Included | 1 | | 6:{no, yes} | +| Multicast24_Included | 1 | | 5:{no, yes} | +| Multicast16_Included | 1 | | 4:{no, yes} | +| Return_Path_Id_Included | 1 | | 3:{no, yes} | +| UPM_Address_Included | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| IP Address Included | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| reserved | 1 | | | +| if (Network_Addr_Included == yes) { | | | | +| Network_Address | 40 | 5 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Multicast40_Included == yes) { | | | | +| Multicast40_Address | 40 | 5 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Multicast24_Included == yes) { | | | | +| Multicast24_Address | 24 | 3 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Multicast16_Included == yes) { | | | | +| Multicast16_Address | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Return_Path_Id_Included == yes) { | | | | +| Return_Path_Id | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| if (UPM_Address_Included == yes) { | | | | +| UPM_Address | 24 | 3 | | +| } | | | | +| if (IP_Address_Included == yes) { | | | | +| IP_Address | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Address\_Fields\_Included + +This field specifies which addresses will be set by this message. Each bit corresponds to a different address type. Address types include the 40-bit network address, the 40, 24 and 16-bit multicast addresses, and a 32-bit IP Address. The return path a terminal occupies may also be conveyed in this message. If the Upstream MAC Address is included in this message, the UPM\_Address\_Included flag will be set to 1. + +Following this field are the actual address fields. + +##### A.6.5.3.10 Contention Channel List Message + +The CONTENTION CHANNEL LIST MESSAGE is broadcast periodically to the Digital Terminals. Digital Terminals operating with frequency hopping enabled on the upstream will use this list to determine which upstream channels are available for their use. All Digital Terminals using contention channels use this list to determine the appropriate backoff parameters for a particular channel. + +| Contention_Channel_List_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Message_Format_Field | | 1 | | +| Explicit_Frequencies_Included | 1 | | 7 {no, yes} | +| Return_Path_Id_Included | 1 | | 6 {no, yes} | +| Backoff_Parameters_Included | 1 | | 5 {no, yes} | +| Reserved | 5 | | 4..0 | +| if(Return_Path_Id_Included==yes) | | | | +| Return_Path_Id; | 16 | 2 | | +| if(Backoff_Parameters_Included==yes){ | | | | +| Time_Unit; | 16 | 2 | in $\mu$ s | +| Xmax; | 8 | 1 | | +| Cell_Abort_Count; | 8 | 1 | | +| Max_Acknowledgment_Time; | 8 | 1 | in units of 10 ms | +| Backoff_Bias; | 8 | 1 | | +| MAC_Abort_Count; | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | +| Number_of_Channels_Listed; | 8 | 1 | | +| for(i=0;iChannel_Format_Field[i] | | 1 | | +| Frequency_Hopping_Allowed | 1 | | 7 {no, yes} | +| Reserved | 7 | | 6..0 | +| if(Explicit_Frequencies_Included==yes) | | | in Hz | +| Upstream_Frequency[i]; | 32 | 4 | | +| Else | | | | +| Upstream_Channel_Number[i]; | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Message\_Format\_Field + +The Message\_Format\_Field has bits to indicate whether or not this message contains the explicit frequency (in Hz) or upstream frequencies, or refers to those frequencies by a channel number. Also indicated in the Message\_Format\_Field is whether or not backoff algorithm parameters are included which apply to these upstream frequencies, and whether or not a Return\_Path\_Id is included in this message. The presence of a Return\_Path\_Id field would indicate that this message is for one particular return path. + +###### **Return\_Path\_Id** + +Specifies which return path this message applies to. Only included if the appropriate bit is set in the Message\_Format\_Field. + +###### **Time\_Unit, Xmax, Cell\_Abort\_Count, Max\_Acknowledgment\_Time, Backoff\_Bias, MAC\_Abort\_Count** + +These parameters are used by the binary exponential backoff algorithm in the Digital Terminal. + +###### **Number\_of\_Channels\_Listed** + +This field indicates how many contention channels are described in this message. + +###### **Channel\_Format\_Field** + +###### **Frequency\_Hopping\_Allowed** + +For each channel described in the message, the Frequency\_Hopping\_Allowed bit indicates if Frequency Hopping is allowed on the channel (i.e. if frequency hopping Digital Terminals may hop onto this frequency). Frequencies in the CONTENTION CHANNEL LIST MESSAGE which do not have this bit set may have terminals on them that do not employ frequency hopping. (For the initial version of the ALOHA MAC, the only frequencies in this list will be those with frequency hopping enabled.) + +###### **Upstream\_Frequency** + +This field indicates a valid upstream frequency in Hz to use. + +###### **Upstream\_Channel\_Number** + +This field indicates a valid upstream channel to use for frequency hopping. + +##### **A.6.5.3.11 Acknowledge/Power Adjust Message** + +The ACKNOWLEDGE/POWER ADJUST MESSAGE is sent to a Digital Terminal to acknowledge the receipt of one or more upstream MAC cells and to optionally have the Digital Terminal make a change to its transmitting power. This message is sent using singlecast addressing to a Digital Terminal. + +| Acknowledge/Power_Adjust_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description
| +|-------------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------|------------------------------------| +| | Acknowledge_Field | 1 | | +| Ack_or_Nak | 1 | | 7 (0=ack,1=nak) | +| Message_Number | 2 | | (6, 5) | +| Sequence Number | 5 | | (4..0) | +| Power_Control_Setting | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | + +###### **Acknowledge\_Field** + +The most significant bit of this byte indicates whether this is a positive acknowledgment or a negative acknowledgment. The following 7 bits correspond to the message number and sequence number being acknowledged or not-acknowledged. + +###### **Power\_Control\_Setting** + +Power\_Control\_Setting is an 8-bit signed integer to be used to set the new upstream power level of the Digital Terminal. A positive value represents an increase of the output power level. + +$$\text{new output\_power\_level} = \text{current output\_power\_level} + \text{power\_control\_setting} \times 0.5 \text{ dB}$$ + +# ANNEX B + +# Digital broadband delivery system: Out-of-band transport – Mode B + +## B.1 Introduction + +### B.1.1 Revision history + +This annex describes the Physical Layer and Data Link Layer (including the MAC Layer) used in cable networks which employ an Out-Of-Band channel architecture. This is one of two methods used for Out-Of-Band (OOB) transport in cable systems currently in practice in North America. The method described in this annex is referred to as Mode B. + +### B.1.2 Acronyms + +Table B.1-1 provides a definition of the acronyms used throughout this annex. + +**Table B.1-1/J.184 – Acronyms** + +| | | | | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------|--------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| AAL | ATM Adaptation Layer | CAT | Conditional Access Table | +| AAL1 | ATM Adaptation Layer 1 | CATV | Cable Television | +| AAL5 | ATM Adaptation Layer 5 | CCM | Continuous Code Management | +| ACK | Acknowledge | CDN | Cable Digital Network | +| ACS | Access Control and Security | CDT | Carrier Definition Table | +| AG | Administrative Gateway | CF | Continuous Feed | +| AHE | Analogue Headend | CFS | Continuous Feed Session | +| AMS | Alarms Management Subsystem | CM | Configuration Management | +| AM-VSB | Amplitude Modulation – Vestigial-Sideband | CMB | CRC Message Block | +| API | Applications Programmatic Interface | CMIP | Common Management Information Protocol | +| ARP | Address Resolution Protocol | CMIS | Common Management Information Service | +| ASN | Abstract Syntax Notation | CMS | Customer Management System | +| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode | CORBA | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | +| ATSC | Advanced Television System Committee | CRC | Cyclical Redundancy Check | +| BASS | Business Applications Support System | CS | Convergence Sublayer | +| BCS | Broadcast Control Suite | CW | Control Word | +| BFS | Broadcast File Server | DAP | Directory Access Protocol | +| BM/G | Broadband Multiplexer/Gateway | DAVIC | Digital Audio Visual Council | +| BMM | Broadcast Manager Module | DBAPI | Database Application Programming Interface | +| BOOT
TERM | Boot Terminal | DBDS | Digital Broadband Delivery System | +| BOSS | Business Operations Support System | DBS | Digital Broadcast Service | +| BPS | Bits per second | DCT | Display Channel Table | +| CA | Conditional Access | DES | Digital Encryption Standard | +| CAA | Conditional Access Authority (PowerKEY) | DHCT | Digital Home Communications Terminal | +| CAM | Conditional Access Manager | DHCTSE | Digital Home Communications Terminal Secure Element | + +**Table B.1-1/J.184 – Acronyms** + +| | | | | +|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|---------------------------------------| +| DHEI | Digital Headend Extended Interface | ID | Identifier | +| DIS | Digital Interactive Service | IDL | Interface Definition Language | +| DMS | Digital Multicast Service | IETF | Internet Engineering Task Force | +| DMSI | Digital Multicast Service Information | IGU | Integrated Gateway Unit | +| DNCS | Digital Network Control System | IP | Internet Protocol | +| DS-3 | Digital Signal Level 3 | IPA | Internet Protocol Address | +| DSM-CC/DSMCC | Digital Storage Media Command and Control | IPPV | Impulse Pay Per View | +| DVB | Digital Video Broadcasting (European) | IRC | Incrementally Related Carrier | +| DVB-ASI | Digital Video Broadcasting Asynchronous Serial Interface | ITU | International Telecommunication Union | +| DVSG | Digital Video Software Group | IVSN | Interactive Video Services Network | +| EA | Entitlement Agent (PowerKEY) | IXC | Inter-Exchange Carrier | +| EAI | External Alarm Interface | L1 | Level 1 | +| ECM | Entitlement Control Message | LAN | Local Area Network | +| EIA | Electronic Industries Association | LCR | Local Clock Reference | +| EID | Entitlement Identifier | LCT | Logical Channel Table | +| EM | Element Manager. Generically, any control software that manages hardware elements. | LDAP | Lightweight Directory Access Protocol | +| EMM | Entitlement Management Message | LOC | Line of Code | +| ENT | Entitlement Name Table | LUG | Line Up Group | +| EPG | Electronic Program Guide | MAC | Media Access Control | +| ESBI | External Status and Billing Interface | Mbps | Mega bits per second | +| ESF | Extended SuperFrame | MHz | Mega-Hertz | +| EUT | Entitlement Unit Table | MIB | Management Information Base | +| FAS | Frame Alignment Signal | MMDS | Multi-Megabyte Digital Service | +| FAT | Forward Applications Transport | MMT | Modulation Mode Table | +| FDDI | Fiber Data Distribution Interface | MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| FDM | Frequency Division Multiplexed | MSK | Multi-Session Key | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | MUX | Multiplexer | +| FPM | Forward Purchase Messages | N/A | Not Applicable | +| FTP | File Transfer Protocol | NAK | Not Acknowledged | +| GBAM | Global Broadcast Authenticated Message | NE | Network Element | +| GOP | Group Of Pictures | NFS | Network File System | +| GPS | Global Positioning System | NI | Network Inventory | +| GUI | Graphical User Interface | NIC | Network Information Centre | +| HEC | Headend Code | NIT | Network Information Table | +| HEX | Hexadecimal | NMS | Network Management System | +| HFC | Hybrid Fibre Coax | NSAP | Network Service Access Point | +| HID | Hub ID | NTP | Network Time Protocol | +| HRC | Harmonically Related Carrier | NTSC | National Television System Committee | +| IANA | Internet Assigned Number Authority | NVOD | Near Video On Demand | +| IBDS | Interactive Broadband Delivery System | NVSC | Non-Volatile Storage Cell | + +**Table B.1-1/J.184 – Acronyms** + +| | | | | +|---------|------------------------------------------------|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| OC-3 | Optical Carrier Level 3 | SI | Service Information | +| OMG | Object Management Group | SID | Session Identifier | +| OMS | Object Management Server | SLIP | Serial Line Internet Protocol | +| ONC | Open Network Computing | SM | System Manager | +| OQPSK | Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying | SMI | Structure of Management Information | +| ORB | Object Request Broker | SMS | Subscriber Management System | +| OS | Operating System | SN | Sequence Number | +| OSF | Operations System Functions | SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | +| OSI | Open Systems Interconnection | SNP | Sequence Number Protection | +| OSS | Operations Support System | SNVM | Secure Non-Volatile Memory | +| OUI | Organization Unique Identifier | SONET | Synchronous Optical Network | +| PA | Physical Address | SP | Service Provider | +| PAT | Program Association Table | SPE | Synchronous Payload Envelope | +| PCR | Program Clock Reference | SRM | Session and Resource Manager | +| PDU | Payload Data Unit | SSL | Secure Sockets Layer | +| PEN | Private Enterprise Number | STS-3c | Synchronous Transport Signal level 3 concatenation (155.552 Mbit/s) | +| PES | Packetized Elementary Stream | SW | Software | +| PID | Process ID | SWIF | Single Wire Interface | +| PIN | Personal Identification Number | TCP | Transport Control Protocol | +| PKCS | Public Key Cryptography Standards | TCP/IP | Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol | +| PKYCS | Power Key Control Suite | TDMA | Time Division Multiple Access | +| PMT | Program Map Table | TED | Transition Encryption Decryption | +| POSIX | Portable Operating System Interface Unix | TLI | Transport Level Interface | +| POTS | Plain Old Telephone Service | TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| PPV | Pay Per View | TS | Transport Stream | +| PRBS | Pseudo-Random Bit Stream | UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| PS | Program Stream | UI | User Interface | +| PSI | Program Specific Information | UNISON | Unidirectional SONET | +| PVC | Permanent Virtual Circuit | UPA | Ultra SPARC Port Architecture | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | UPS | Universal Power Supply | +| QPSK | Quadrature Phase Shift Keying | USID | Universal Service Identifier | +| RDBMS | Relational Database Management System | VASP | Value-Added Service Provider | +| RF | Radio Frequency | VBI | Video Blanking Interval | +| RPC | Remote Procedure Call | VCI | Virtual Circuit Indicator | +| RS | Reed-Solomon (coding) | VCR | Video Cassette Recorder | +| SAR | Segmentation and Reassembly | VCT | Virtual Channel Table | +| SAR-PDU | Segmentation and Reassembly Protocol Data Unit | VOD | Video On Demand | +| SET | Secure Electronic Transaction | VPI | Virtual Path Indicator | +| Sev | Severity | VSP | Video Service Provider | +| SG | Service Gateway | XDR | External Data Representation | + +### B.1.3 References + +#### Informative + +- [1] Digital Audio Visual Council 1.2 Specification part 8: Lower Layer Protocols and Physical Interfaces, 1997 (). + +#### Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +#### Normative reference list + +- [2] ITU-T I.361 (1999), *B-ISDN ATM layer specification*. +- [3] ITU-T I.363.5 (1996), *B-ISDN ATM adaptation layer specification: Type 5 AAL*. + +## B.2 DAVIC out-of-band and upstream signalling + +The following has been extracted from the DAVIC 1.2 part 8 [Ref. 1] specification: Section 7.8, *Passband Bidirectional PHY on coax*. This does not include or track the issuance of corrigenda. + +This Physical Layer Interface supports transmission over radio frequency coax (up to 1 GHz bandwidth). It is referred to as the bidirectional QPSK-link on HFC (Hybrid Fibre Coax). + +This Physical Layer Interface describes the complete physical layer structure, i.e. framing structure, channel coding and modulation for each direction Downstream and Upstream. For the downstream QPSK modulation channel Grade A is mandatory and Grade B is optional. For the upstream QPSK channel Grade B is mandatory and Grades A and C are optional. + +A summary of the spectrum allocation is depicted in Figure B.2-1. + +![Figure B.2-1/J.184 – Spectrum allocation For the bidirectional PHY on coax. The diagram shows a frequency axis (MHz) from 8 to 130. Downstream channels (Grade A) are shown above the axis, starting at 26.5 MHz and extending to 130 MHz. Upstream channels (Grade B) are shown below the axis, starting at 8 MHz and extending to 70 MHz. Both directions use QPSK modulated channels with a 1.544 Mbit/s rate and 1 MHz spacing. The diagram includes labels for 'Downstream', 'Upstream', 'Freq (MHz)', and a reference code 'T0911480-00'.](d7822d1c63f12f2a4b4fd8ffb6a4010c_img.jpg) + +The figure illustrates the spectrum allocation for a bidirectional PHY on coax. The horizontal axis represents frequency in MHz, with markers at 8, 26.5, 70, and 130. The vertical axis indicates the direction of transmission: 'Downstream' (upward arrow) and 'Upstream' (downward arrow). +- **Downstream:** Labeled 'QPSK modulated channels (Grade A – 1.544 Mbit/s) Channel spacing is 1 MHz'. The channels are shown as a series of blocks starting at 26.5 MHz and ending at 130 MHz. There are three initial blocks followed by an ellipsis and a larger block. +- **Upstream:** Labeled 'QPSK modulated channels (Grade B – 1.544 Mbit/s) Channel spacing is 1 MHz'. The channels are shown as a series of blocks starting at 8 MHz and ending at 70 MHz. There are three initial blocks followed by an ellipsis and a larger block. +- **Frequency Markers:** 8 MHz is the start of the upstream band. 26.5 MHz is the start of the downstream band. 70 MHz is the end of the upstream band. 130 MHz is the end of the downstream band. +- **Other Labels:** 'Freq (MHz)' is at the bottom right of the axis. 'T0911480-00' is at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Figure B.2-1/J.184 – Spectrum allocation For the bidirectional PHY on coax. The diagram shows a frequency axis (MHz) from 8 to 130. Downstream channels (Grade A) are shown above the axis, starting at 26.5 MHz and extending to 130 MHz. Upstream channels (Grade B) are shown below the axis, starting at 8 MHz and extending to 70 MHz. Both directions use QPSK modulated channels with a 1.544 Mbit/s rate and 1 MHz spacing. The diagram includes labels for 'Downstream', 'Upstream', 'Freq (MHz)', and a reference code 'T0911480-00'. + +**Figure B.2-1/J.184 – Spectrum allocation For the bidirectional PHY on coax** + +The Passband Bidirectional PHY on coax and the Passband Unidirectional PHY on coax may be used together on the same physical medium. Figure B.2-2 shows the spectrum allocation in this case. + +![Figure B.2-2/J.184: Spectrum allocation for the integrated unidirectional and bidirectional passband PHY on a single coax. The diagram shows a frequency axis (Freq) from 8 to 1000 MHz. The 'Downstream' direction is indicated by an upward arrow, and the 'Upstream' direction by a downward arrow. The spectrum is divided into several regions: 8-26.5 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 26.5-54 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 54-70 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 70-130 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 130-1000 MHz (QAM modulated channels). The diagram is labeled T0911490-00.](657acccf744d33f1fc3a1652741a256e_img.jpg) + +Figure B.2-2/J.184: Spectrum allocation for the integrated unidirectional and bidirectional passband PHY on a single coax. The diagram shows a frequency axis (Freq) from 8 to 1000 MHz. The 'Downstream' direction is indicated by an upward arrow, and the 'Upstream' direction by a downward arrow. The spectrum is divided into several regions: 8-26.5 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 26.5-54 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 54-70 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 70-130 MHz (Upstream QPSK modulated channels), 130-1000 MHz (QAM modulated channels). The diagram is labeled T0911490-00. + +**Figure B.2-2/J.184 – Spectrum allocation for the integrated unidirectional and bidirectional passband PHY on a single coax** + +Conceptual block diagrams of the DHCT transceivers are shown in Figure B.2-3. + +![Figure B.2-3/J.184: DHCT OOB transceiver conceptual block diagram. The diagram shows two transceiver paths separated by a central 'MAC Protocol' block. The top path is the Downstream (DHCT in from RF) path, consisting of: RF Physical Interface and QPSK Demodulator, Matched Filter, Differential Decoder, Self Synchronized De-randomizer and Framing, Bit-to-Byte Mapping, Convolutional De-interleaver, and Reed-Solomon Decoder (55, 53) leading to 'Rest of DHCT'. The bottom path is the Upstream (Rest of DHCT) path, consisting of: Reed-Solomon Encoder (59, 53), Byte-to-Bit Mapping, Randomizer, Differential Encoder, Addition of Unique Word, and QPSK Modulator leading to 'DHCT out'. The diagram is labeled T0911500-00.](8d66c9c295023a1380f9986d3663bb1e_img.jpg) + +Figure B.2-3/J.184: DHCT OOB transceiver conceptual block diagram. The diagram shows two transceiver paths separated by a central 'MAC Protocol' block. The top path is the Downstream (DHCT in from RF) path, consisting of: RF Physical Interface and QPSK Demodulator, Matched Filter, Differential Decoder, Self Synchronized De-randomizer and Framing, Bit-to-Byte Mapping, Convolutional De-interleaver, and Reed-Solomon Decoder (55, 53) leading to 'Rest of DHCT'. The bottom path is the Upstream (Rest of DHCT) path, consisting of: Reed-Solomon Encoder (59, 53), Byte-to-Bit Mapping, Randomizer, Differential Encoder, Addition of Unique Word, and QPSK Modulator leading to 'DHCT out'. The diagram is labeled T0911500-00. + +**Figure B.2-3/J.184 – DHCT OOB transceiver conceptual block diagram** + +### B.2.1 Downstream physical interface specification + +To carry downstream information a combination of quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and a framing structure are specified. QPSK is specified due to its increased error performance, its spectral efficiency, and its low peak to average power allow transmission at a high average power. The DAVIC specified Grade A QPSK is mandatory with Grade B being optional. + +#### B.2.1.1 Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) + +QPSK modulation is used as a means of encoding digital information over wireline or fibre transmission links. The method is a subset of Phase Shift Keying (PSK) which is a subset of Phase Modulation (PM). Specifically QPSK is a four-level use of digital phase modulation (PM). Quadrature signal representations involve expressing an arbitrary phase sinusoidal waveform as a linear combination of a cosine wave and a sine wave with zero starting phases. + +The time-domain response of a square-root raised-cosine pulse with excess bandwidth parameter $\alpha$ is given by: + +$$g(t) = \frac{\sin[\frac{\pi t}{T}(1-\alpha)] + \frac{4\alpha t}{T} \cos[\frac{\pi t}{T}(1+\alpha)]}{\frac{\pi t}{T}[1-(\frac{4\alpha t}{T})^2]}$$ + +where $T$ is the symbol period. + +The output signal shall be defined as: + +$$S(t) = \sum_n [I_n \cdot g(t-nT) \cdot \cos(2\pi f_c t) - Q_n \cdot g(t-nT) \cdot \sin(2\pi f_c t)]$$ + +with $I_n$ and $Q_n$ equal to $\pm 1$ , independently from each other, and $f_c$ the QPSK modulator's carrier frequency. + +The QPSK modulator divides the incoming bit stream so that bits are sent alternately to the in-phase modulator I and the out-of-phase modulator Q. These same bit streams appear at the output of the respective phase detectors in the demodulator where they are interleaved back into a serial bit stream. + +The QPSK signal parameters are: + +| | | +|----------------------|-------------------------------| +| RF bandwidth | $BW = (f_b/2) * (1 + \alpha)$ | +| Occupied RF Spectrum | $[f_c - BW/2, f_c + BW/2]$ | +| Symbol Rate | $f_s = f_b/2$ | +| Nyquist Frequency | $f_N = f_s/2$ | + +with $f_b$ = bit rate, $f_c$ = carrier frequency and $\alpha$ = excess bandwidth. + +For both bit rates: 1.544 Mbit/s (Grade A) and 3.088 Mbit/s (Grade B), the Power Spectrum at the QPSK transmitter shall comply to the Power Spectrum Mask given in Table B.2-1 and Figure B.2-4. The Power Spectrum Mask shall be applied symmetrically around the carrier frequency. + +**Table B.2-1/J.184 – QPSK downstream transmitter power spectrum** + +| $ (f - f_c)/f_N $ | Power Spectrum | +|-------------------|------------------| +| $\leq 1 - \alpha$ | $0 \pm 0.25$ dB | +| at 1 | $-3 \pm 0.25$ dB | +| at $1 + \alpha$ | $\leq -21$ dB | +| $\geq 2$ | $\leq -40$ dB | + +![Figure B.2-4/J.184 – QPSK downstream transmitter power spectrum. The graph shows the power spectral density H(f) in dB versus normalized frequency |(f - f_c)/f_N|. The spectrum is flat at 0 dB from 0 to 1 - α, with an in-band ripple r_m < 0.5 dB. It then rolls off, passing through -3 dB at 1 and -21 dB at 1 + α, with a Nyquist ripple r_N < 0.5 dB. At f = 2, the power is -40 dB. For |f - f_c|/f_N > 2, there is an out-of-band rejection > 40 dB. The label T0911510-00 is present in the bottom right.](96b090628713287072839afc1b077881_img.jpg) + +Figure B.2-4/J.184 – QPSK downstream transmitter power spectrum. The graph shows the power spectral density H(f) in dB versus normalized frequency |(f - f\_c)/f\_N|. The spectrum is flat at 0 dB from 0 to 1 - α, with an in-band ripple r\_m < 0.5 dB. It then rolls off, passing through -3 dB at 1 and -21 dB at 1 + α, with a Nyquist ripple r\_N < 0.5 dB. At f = 2, the power is -40 dB. For |f - f\_c|/f\_N > 2, there is an out-of-band rejection > 40 dB. The label T0911510-00 is present in the bottom right. + +**Figure B.2-4/J.184 – QPSK downstream transmitter power spectrum** + +QPSK systems require the use of differential encoding and corresponding differential detection. This is a result of the receivers having no method of determining if a recovered reference is a sine reference or a cosine reference. In addition, the polarity of the recovered reference is uncertain. + +Differential encoding transmits the information in encoded phase differences between the two successive signals. The modulator processes the digital binary symbols to achieve differential encoding and then transmits the absolute phases. The differential encoding is implemented at the digital level. + +The implementation of the QPSK (de)modulator shall comply to the specifications given in Table B.2-2. + +**Table B.2-2/J.184 – Specifications for QPSK modulation (Downstream)** + +| | Specifications for QPSK Modulation (Downstream) | +|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Transmission Rate | 1.544 Mbit/s for Grade A
3.088 Mbit/s for Grade B
A QPSK demodulator shall support Grade A (B is optional) | +| Modulation | Differentially encoded QPSK | +| Transmit Filtering | Filtering is $\alpha = 0.30$ square root raised cosine | +| Channel Spacing | 1 MHz for Grade A
2 MHz for Grade B | +| Frequency Step Size | 250 kHz (centre frequency granularity) | + +**Table B.2-2/J.184 – Specifications for QPSK modulation (Downstream)** + +| | Specifications for QPSK Modulation (Downstream) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|----------|---------------------|---|---|------|---|---|-------------|---|---|-------------|---|---|-------------| +| Randomization |

After addition of the FEC bytes, MSB first byte to serial conversion is performed and then, all of the 1.544 Mbit/s or 3.088 Mbit/s data is passed through a six register linear feedback shift register (LFSR) randomizer to ensure a random distribution of ones and zeroes. The generating polynomial is: x^6 + x^5 + 1. Randomizer:

Diagram of a randomizer LFSR. It consists of six D flip-flops labeled D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, and D0 in series. The output of D0 is fed back through two XOR gates. The first XOR gate also takes the output of D5. The output of this XOR gate is fed back to the input of D5. The second XOR gate takes the output of D4 and the feedback signal. The output of this second XOR gate is the Serial Output. The Serial Input enters the first XOR gate. Labels include 'Polynomial modulo 2 X^6 + X^5 + 1', 'D = 1 bit clock delay register', and 'T0911520-00'.

A complementary self-synchronizing de-randomizer is used in the receiver to recover the data.

De-randomizer:

Diagram of a de-randomizer. It consists of six D flip-flops labeled D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, and D0 in series. The Serial Input enters D5. The output of D5 is fed to an XOR gate, which also receives a feedback signal. The output of this XOR gate is the Serial Output and is also fed to another XOR gate. The output of D4 is fed to this second XOR gate. The output of the second XOR gate is fed back to the input of D5. Labels include 'D = 1 bit clock delay register' and 'T0911530-01'. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Differential Encoding |

Bytes entering the byte-to-symbol encoder are divided into four bit pairs, each bit pair generating one QPSK symbol. Byte boundaries coincide with bit pair boundaries: that is, no bit pairs overlap two bytes. The bit pair corresponding to the MSBs of the byte is sent first. Within each bit pair, the more significant bit is referred to a "A" and the less significant as "B". The differential encoder shall accept bits (A, B) in sequence, and generate phase changes as follows:

ABPhase Change
00none
01+90 degrees
11180 degrees
10-90 degrees

Initialization: The differential encoder state at the start of the payload (equivalent to at the end of the preamble) must be [I, Q] = [01].

| A | B | Phase Change | 0 | 0 | none | 0 | 1 | +90 degrees | 1 | 1 | 180 degrees | 1 | 0 | -90 degrees | +| A | B | Phase Change | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 0 | none | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 1 | +90 degrees | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 1 | 180 degrees | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 0 | -90 degrees | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +**Table B.2-2/J.184 – Specifications for QPSK modulation (Downstream)** + +| | Specifications for QPSK Modulation (Downstream) | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Signal Constellation |

The outputs I, Q from the differential encoder map to the phase states as follows:

A diagram of a QPSK signal constellation. It shows a horizontal axis labeled 'I' and a vertical axis labeled 'Q'. There are four dots representing phase states, one in each quadrant: top-left, top-right, bottom-left, and bottom-right. | +| Carrier Centre Frequency Range | 70 to 130 MHz.
The receiver shall operate over the entire specified frequency range. | +| Frequency Stability | ±50 ppm measured at the upper limit of the frequency range | +| Symbol Rate Accuracy | ±50 ppm | +| Transmitter Power Spectrum Mask | A common mask for both bit rates: 1.544 Mbit/s (Grade A) and 3.088 Mbit/s (Grade B) is given in Table B.2-1 | +| Carrier Suppression | >30 dB | +| I/Q Amplitude Imbalance | <1.0 dB | +| I/Q Phase Imbalance | <2.0 degree | +| Receive Power Level at the demodulator input (downstream out-of-band) | 42-75 dBmicroV (RMS) (75 Ohms) | +| C/N at the DHCT input (Nyquist bandwidth, white noise) |

>20 dB for BER < 1x10E-15–10 (after R/S error correction)
(i.e. 1 error in 2 hours at 1.5 Mbit/s)

>18 dB for BER < 1x10E-6 before R/S error correction

| + +#### **B.2.1.2 Coaxial cable impedance** + +The coaxial cable nominal impedance shall be 75 Ohms over the frequency range as specified in Table B.2-2. + +#### **B.2.1.3 Framing structure** + +The framing organization shall be based on Signalling Link Extended Superframe (SL-ESF) format, an SL-ESF payload structure, and an ATM cell structure. + +#### **B.2.1.4 Signalling Link Extended Superframe (SL-ESF) Framing Forms** + +The Signalling Link Extended Superframe (SL-ESF) frame structure is illustrated in Figure B.2-5. The bitstream is partitioned into 4 632 bit Extended Superframes. Each Extended Superframe consists of 24 193-bit frames. Each frame consists of 1 overhead (OH) bit and 24 bytes (192 bits) of payload. + +![Diagram of SL-ESF frame structure showing 24 frames, total bits, and a detailed frame layout with OH and Payload.](701bc79e78b382bcfd3ba85597dbb9c3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the SL-ESF frame structure. At the top, a horizontal sequence of 24 boxes is labeled 1 through 24, with a double-headed arrow below it labeled "24 Frames". Below this, the text "24 Frames × 193 bits = 4632 bits" is shown. A large arrow points from this text down to a detailed frame layout. The detailed layout shows a frame starting with "OH" (Overhead) in a small box, followed by a large box labeled "Payload". Below the "OH" box is the number "1". Below the "Payload" box is a double-headed arrow labeled "192 bits". In the bottom right corner of the diagram, the text "T0911540-00" is present. + +Diagram of SL-ESF frame structure showing 24 frames, total bits, and a detailed frame layout with OH and Payload. + +**Figure B.2-5/J.184 – SL-ESF frame structure** + +#### B.2.1.5 SL-ESF frame overhead + +There are 24 frame overhead bits in the Extended Superframe which are divided into Extended Superframe Frame Alignment Signal (F1-F6), Cyclic Redundancy Check (C1-C6), and M-bit Data Link (M1-M12), as illustrated in Table B.2-3. + +**Table B.2-3/J.184 – Extended superframe overhead structure** + +| Frame Number | Bit Number | Overhead Bit | Data (192 bits) | | +|--------------|------------|--------------|-----------------|-----------------| +| 1 | 0 | M1 | | ◆ Slot Position | +| 2 | 193 | C1 | | | +| 3 | 386 | M2 | | | +| 4 | 579 | F1 = 0 | | | +| 5 | 772 | M3 | | | +| 6 | 965 | C2 | | | +| 7 | 1 158 | M4 | | | +| 8 | 1 351 | F2 = 0 | | | +| 9 | 1 544 | M5 | | ◆ Slot Position | +| 10 | 1 737 | C3 | | | +| 11 | 1 930 | M6 | | | +| 12 | 2 123 | F3 = 1 | | | +| 13 | 2 316 | M7 | | | +| 14 | 2 509 | C4 | | | +| 15 | 2 702 | M8 | | | +| 16 | 2 895 | F4 = 0 | | | + +**Table B.2-3/J.184 – Extended superframe overhead structure** + +| Frame Number | Bit Number | Overhead Bit | Data (192 bits) | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|--------------|-----------------|-----------------| +| 17 | 3 088 | M9 | | ♦ Slot Position | +| 18 | 3 281 | C5 | | | +| 19 | 3 474 | M10 | | | +| 20 | 3 667 | F5 = 1 | | | +| 21 | 3 860 | M11 | | | +| 22 | 4 053 | C6 | | | +| 23 | 4 246 | M12 | | | +| 24 | 4 439 | F6 = 1 | | | +| FAS Frame Alignment Signal (F1-F6)
DL Mbit/s Data Link (M1-M12)
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check (C1-C6) | | | | | + +#### B.2.1.6 ESF frame alignment signal + +The ESF Frame Alignment Signal (FAS) is used to locate all 24 frames and overhead bit positions. The bit values of the FAS are defined as follows: + +F1 = 0, F2 = 0, F3 = 1, F4 = 0, F5 = 1, F6 = 1 + +#### B.2.1.7 ESF cyclic redundancy check + +The Cyclic Redundancy Check field (Table B.2-3) contains the CRC-6 check bits calculated over the previous Extended Superframe (CRC Message block [CMB] size = 4 632 bits). Before calculation, all 24 frame overhead bits are equated to the value "1". All information in the other bit positions is unchanged. The check bit sequence C1-C6 is the remainder after multiplication by $x^6$ and then division by the generator polynomial $x^6 + x + 1$ of the CMB. C1 is the most significant bit of the remainder. The initial remainder value is preset to all zeroes. + +#### B.2.1.8 ESF M-bit data link + +The M-bits in the SL-ESF serve two purposes: + +- to mark the slot positions for the upstream Contention based and Contentionless based signalling links; +- to provide slot count information for upstream message bandwidth allocation management in the DHCT. + +M-bits M1, M5, and M9 mark the start of an upstream slot position for upstream message transmission. + +Think of M-bits M10-M1 as a register, which counts from 0 to N, where N is an integer which indicates slot position cycle size (the value of N is sent in the MAC Default Configuration Message as Service\_Channel\_Last\_Slot). The upstream slot position register indicates the upstream slot positions that will correspond to the next SL-ESF frame. Upstream slot positions are counted from 0 to N. There are 3 upstream slots per upstream slot position when the upstream data rate is 1.544 Mbit/s, there are 6 upstream slots per upstream slot position when the upstream data rate is 3.088 Mbit/s, and there is 0.5 upstream slot per upstream slot position when the upstream data rate is 256 kbit/s. The corresponding upstream slot rates are: therefore: 3000 upstream slots/s when the upstream data rate is 1.544 Mbit/s, 6000 upstream slots/s when the upstream data rate is 3.088 Mbit/s, and 500 upstream slots/se when the upstream data rate is 256 kbit/s. The algorithm to determine the upstream slot position counter value is given below: + +``` + +if (downstream_rate == 3.088 Mbit/s) {n = 1;} +else {n = 0;} + +upstream_slot_position_register = value of M-bits latched at bit_position M11 (M10-M1) + +if (upstream_rate==1.544 Mbit/s) { m = 3;} +else if (upstream_rate==3.088 Mbit/s) {m = 6;} +else {m = 0.5} + +if ( bit_position==M1 and previous M12 ==1) +{ upstream_slot_position_counter = upstream_slot_position_register * 3 * m; } + +if ( bit_position == M5) +if ( (n == 0) or (n == 1 and previous M12 == 0) ) +{ upstream_slot_position_counter = upstream_slot_position_counter+m; } + +if (bit_position == M9) +if ( (n == 0) or (n == 1 and previous M12 == 1) ) +{ upstream_slot_position_counter = upstream_slot_position_counter + m; } + +if (bit_position == M11) +{ temp_upstream_slot_position_register = (M10, M9, M8, ..., M1); } + +if ( (bit_position == M12 ) and ( M12 == 1) ) +{upstream_slot_position_register = temp_upstream_slot_position_register;} + +``` + +where, the M-bits (see Table B.2-3) will be defined as follows: + +M1-M10 = 10-bit ESF counter which counts from 0 to N with M10 the most significant bit (MSB); + +M11 = odd parity for the ESF counter, i.e. M11 = 1 if the ESF\_value (M1-M10) has an even number of bits set to 1; + +M12 = 1: ESF counter valid +0: ESF counter not valid. + +The values assigned to M12 are as follows: + +- 1) When the QPSK downstream channel bit rate is 1.544 Mbit/s, the M12 bit, is always set to the value "1". +- 2) When the QPSK downstream channel bit rate is 3.088 Mbit/s, the information is always transmitted in pairs of superframe, where superframe-A is the first superframe in the pair, and superframe-B is the second superframe in the pair. In this case, the M12 bit of superframe-A is set to the value "0" and the M12 bit of superframe-B is set to the value "1". + +#### B.2.1.9 SL-ESF frame payload structure + +The SL-ESF frame payload structure provides a known container for defining the location of the ATM cells and the corresponding Reed-Solomon parity values. The SL-ESF payload structure is shown in Figure B.2-6. + +| 1 | ← 2 → | | ← 53 → | | | ← 2 → | | | | +|----|-------|-----|----------|--|--|-----------|--|-----|---| +| 1 | R1a | R1b | ATM Cell | | | RS parity | | | | +| 2 | R1c | R2a | | | | | | R2b | | +| 3 | R2c | R3a | | | | | | | | +| 4 | R3b | R3c | | | | | | R4a | | +| 5 | R4b | R4c | | | | | | | | +| 6 | R5a | R5b | | | | | | R5c | | +| 7 | R6a | R6b | | | | | | | | +| 8 | R6c | R7a | | | | | | R7b | | +| 9 | R7c | R8a | | | | | | | | +| 10 | R8b | R8c | | | | | | T | T | + +**Figure B.2-6/J.184 – SL-ESF payload structure format** + +The SL-ESF payload structure consists of 5 rows of 57 bytes each, 4 rows of 58 bytes each which includes 1 byte trailer, and 1 row of 59 bytes, which includes a 2-byte trailer. The first bit of the SL-ESF payload structure follows the M1 bit of the SL-ESF frame. The SL-ESF payload fields are defined as follows. + +The two T fields shall be set to 0 to facilitate future enhancements. + +Rxa-Rxc is a 24-bit field containing slot configuration information for the related upstream channel "x" and is defined as: + +$$\begin{aligned} \text{Rxa} &= (b0 \dots b7) \\ \text{Rxb} &= (b8 \dots b15) \\ \text{Rxc} &= (b16 \dots b23) \end{aligned}$$ + +$$\begin{aligned} \text{qpsk\_x\_slot\_configuration} &= (b0 \dots b23) \\ &= \text{slot configuration information for the upstream channel "x"} \end{aligned}$$ + +where: + +- b0 = ranging control slot indicator for next 3 ms period +- b1-b6 = slot boundary definition field for next 3 ms period +- b7 = slot 1 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b8 = slot 2 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b9 = slot 3 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b10 = slot 4 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b11 = slot 5 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b12 = slot 6 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b13 = slot 7 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b14 = slot 8 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b15 = slot 9 reception indicator for second previous 3 ms period +- b16-17 = reservation control for next superframe +- b18-b23 = CRC-6 parity (see definition in SL-ESF section) + +When the upstream data channel is a 256 kbit/s data channel, then only the first three slot reception indicators are valid. These slot indicators refer to the three available slots which span over two 3 ms period periods in the 256 kbit/s. When the upstream data channel is a 3.088 Mbit/s data channel, two consecutive qpsk\_slot\_configuration fields are used. The definition of the first slot configuration field is unchanged. The definition of the second slot configuration field extends the boundary definition to upstream slots 10 through 18, and the reception indicators cover upstream slots 10 through 18. + +When the Downstream MAC channel is a 3.088 Mbit/s data channel, the Slot Configuration fields in superframe-B are used when one or more 3.088 Mbit/s upstream QPSK channels are being utilized. The index for the overhead bytes in superframe-B will be R9a, R9b ... R16a, R16b, R16c. + +Reed-Solomon encoding shall be performed on each ATM cell with $T = 1$ . This means that 1 erroneous byte per ATM cell can be corrected. This process adds 2 parity bytes to the ATM cell to give a codeword of (55,53). + +The Reed-Solomon code shall have the following generator polynomials: + +**Code Generator Polynomial:** $g(x) = (x + \mu^0)(x + \mu^1)$ , where $\mu = 02\text{hex}$ + +**Field Generator Polynomial:** $p(x) = x^8 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + 1$ + +Convolutional interleaving shall be applied to the ATM cells contained in the SL-ESF. The Rxa-Rxc bytes and the two T bytes shall not be included in the interleaving process. Convolutional interleaving is applied by interleaving 5 lines of 55 bytes. + +Following the scheme of Figure B.2-7, convolutional interleaving shall be applied to the error protected packets. The Convolutional interleaving process shall be based on the Forney approach, which is compatible with the Ramsey type III approach, with $I = 5$ . The Interleaved frame shall be composed of overlapping error protected packets and a group of 10 packets shall be delimited by the start of the SL-ESF. + +The interleaver is composed of I branches, cyclically connected to the input byte-stream by the input switch. Each branch shall be a First In First Out (FIFO) shift register, with depth (M) cells (where $M = N/I$ , $N = 55$ = error protected frame length, $I$ = interleaving depth). The input and output switches shall be synchronized. + +For synchronization purposes, the first byte of each error protected packet shall be always routed into the branch "0" of the interleaver (corresponding to a null delay). The third byte of the SL-ESF payload (the byte immediately following R1b) shall be aligned to the first byte of an error protected packet. + +The de-interleaver is similar, in principle, to the interleaver, but the branch indexes are reversed (i.e. branch 0 corresponds to the largest delay). The de-interleaver synchronization is achieved by routing the third data byte of the SL-ESF into the "0" branch. + +![Conceptual diagram of the convolutional interleaver and De-interleaver. The diagram shows an 'IN' input on the left entering a rounded rectangle labeled 'CHANNEL'. Inside, slots are filled with '0' or 'M' in a diagonal pattern. On the left (interleaver), slot 0 has '0', slot 1 has 'M', slot 2 has 'M M', slot 3 has 'M M M', slot 4 has 'M M M M'. On the right (de-interleaver), slot 0 has 'M M M M', slot 1 has 'M M M', slot 2 has 'M M', slot 3 has 'M', slot 4 has '0'. An 'OUT' output is on the right. The text 'T0911550-00' is at the bottom right.](51d4540605fdfa2c090638305022143b_img.jpg) + +Conceptual diagram of the convolutional interleaver and De-interleaver. The diagram shows an 'IN' input on the left entering a rounded rectangle labeled 'CHANNEL'. Inside, slots are filled with '0' or 'M' in a diagonal pattern. On the left (interleaver), slot 0 has '0', slot 1 has 'M', slot 2 has 'M M', slot 3 has 'M M M', slot 4 has 'M M M M'. On the right (de-interleaver), slot 0 has 'M M M M', slot 1 has 'M M M', slot 2 has 'M M', slot 3 has 'M', slot 4 has '0'. An 'OUT' output is on the right. The text 'T0911550-00' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure B.2-7/J.184 – Conceptual diagram of the convolutional interleaver and De-interleaver** + +#### **B.2.1.10 Definition of slot configuration fields** + +**Ranging Control Slot Indicator (b0)** – When this bit is active (b0 = 1), the first three slots of upstream channel "x" which correspond to the occurrence of the next 3 ms period are designated as ranging control slots. A ranging control message may be transmitted in the second ranging control slot, and the first and third ranging control slots may not be used for transmission (guardband for ranging operations). + +**Slot Boundary Definition field (b1-b6)** – Slot types are assigned to upstream slots using bits b0-b6. The slots are grouped into regions within the 3 ms period such that slots of a similar type are contained within the same region. The order of the regions is Ranging slot, Contention based slots, Reserved slots and Contentionless based slots. If a ranging slot is available within a 3 ms period it will consist of the first three slot times in the 3 ms period. A ranging slot is indicated by b0 = 1. The boundaries between the remaining regions of the 3 ms are defined by b1-b6. The boundaries are defined in Figure B.2-8. + +| | | +|------------|--------| +| Boundary 0 | | +| Boundary 1 | slot 1 | +| Boundary 2 | slot 2 | +| Boundary 3 | slot 3 | +| Boundary 4 | slot 4 | +| Boundary 5 | slot 5 | +| Boundary 6 | slot 6 | +| Boundary 7 | slot 7 | +| Boundary 8 | slot 8 | +| Boundary 9 | slot 9 | + +**Figure B.2-8/J.184 – Boundary definitions** + +The boundary positions are defined by b1-b6 in Figure B.2-9. + +row = Contention based/Reserved region boundary + +column = Reserved packet/Contentionless based region boundary + +(example: b0 = 0, b1-b6 = 22: Contention (1-2), Reserved (3-5), Contentionless (6-9)) + +| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | +|-----------------|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 a) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | +| 1 a) | | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | +| 2 a) | | | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | +| 3 | | | | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | +| 4 | | | | | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | +| 5 | | | | | | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | +| 6 | | | | | | | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | +| 7 | | | | | | | | 49 | 50 | 51 | +| 8 | | | | | | | | | 52 | 53 | +| 9 | | | | | | | | | | 54 | + +- a) When the ranging control slot indicator (b0) is set to "1", the values in rows 0-2 are illegal values, and values in row 3 mean that there are no ALOHA slots, because slots 1-3 are defined as ranging control slots. + +**Figure B.2-9/J.184 – Slot boundary definition field values** + +The remaining values of the Slot Boundary Definition Field are provided in Figure B.2-10. + +| b1-b6 value | Ranging Control slots | Contention slots | Reservation slots | Contentionless slots | +|-------------|-----------------------|------------------|-------------------|----------------------| +| 55 | 1-6 | 7-9 | – | – | +| 56 | 1-6 | 7-8 | – | 9 | +| 57 | 1-6 | 7 | 8-9 | – | +| 58 | 1-6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | +| 59 | 1-6 | 7 | – | 8-9 | +| 60 | 1-6 | – | 7-8 | 9 | +| 61 | 1-6 | – | 7 | 8-9 | +| 62 | 1-6 | – | – | 7-9 | +| 63 | 1-9 | – | – | – | + +NOTE – For b1-b6 = 55-63, b0 must be set to 1. + +**Figure B.2-10/J.184 – Additional slot boundary definition field values for extended range control slots** + +The values in Figures B.2-9 and B.2-10 are derived from b1-b6 in the following manner: + +$$b1 + (b2 \times 2) + (b3 \times 4) + (b4 \times 8) + (b5 \times 16) + (b6 \times 32)$$ + +When the upstream data channel is a 256 kbit/s data channel, then only the first three slot boundary positions are valid. In this case, only the first three rows and columns in Figure B.2-9 are valid, and Figure B.2-10 is not valid. When the upstream data channel is a 3.088 Mbit/s data channel, each slot boundary definition field applies to 9 slots within the 3 ms period. In this case, there will be two slot boundary definition fields which define the 3 ms period. + +**Slot Reception Indicators (b7-b15)** – When a slot reception indicator is active ("1"), this indicates that a cell was received without collision. The relationship between a given US slot and its indicator is shown in Figure B.2-11. When the indicator is inactive ("0"), this indicates that either a collision was detected or no cell was received in the corresponding upstream slot. + +![](3766b291e69420b0437ae278b057b5ee_img.jpg) + +| | 1.544 Mbit/s Downstream | 3.088 Mbit/s Downstream | +|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 256 kbit/s Upstream | DS: [ I ] (1 Frame)
US: [ / ] (3 slots)
An arrow points from the first US slot to the 'I' indicator in the DS frame. | DS: [ I I ] (1 Frame)
US: [ / ] (3 slots)
An arrow points from the first US slot to the first 'I' indicator in the DS frame. | +| 1.544 Mbit/s Upstream | DS: [ I ] (1 Frame)
US: [ / ] (9 slots)
An arrow points from the first US slot to the 'I' indicator in the DS frame. | DS: [ I I ] (1 Frame)
US: [ / ] (9 slots)
An arrow points from the first US slot to the first 'I' indicator in the DS frame. | +| 3.088 Mbit/s Upstream | DS: [ I ] (1 Frame)
US: [ / ] (18 slots)
An arrow points from the first US slot to the 'I' indicator in the DS frame. | DS: [ I I ] (1 Frame)
US: [ / ] (18 slots)
An arrow points from the first US slot to the first 'I' indicator in the DS frame. | + +NOTE 1 – "I" indicates the downstream frame(s) in which Indicators (contained within the MAC Flag Sets) are sent. These indicators control the upstream slots in the shaded area. +NOTE 2 – In the 3.088 downstream, two successive frames contain MAC Flag Sets 0..15. +NOTE 3 – Two successive MAC Flag Sets are used to control the 18 slots of a 3.088 Mbit/s upstream channel. + +T0913250-01 + +**Figure B.2-11/J.184 – Relationship of US slot to DS indicator** + +**Reservation Control (b16-b17)** – When the reservation control field has the value of 0, no reservation attempts are allowed to be transmitted on the corresponding QPSK upstream channel during the slot positions associated with the next 3 ms period. When the reservation control field has the value of 1, reservation attempts can be made. The values 2 and 3 are reserved. + +**CRC-6 Parity (b18-b23)** – This field contains a CRC-6 parity value calculated over the previous 18 bits. The CRC-6 parity value is described in the SL-ESF frame format Section. + +In the case where there is more than one OOB DS QPSK channel related to an upstream QPSK channel, the SL-ESF overhead bits and the payload R-bytes shall be identical in those OOB DS channels, with the exception of the overhead CRC (C1-C6) bits, which are specific to each of those OOB DS channels. Such related DS channels shall be synchronized. + +The MAC messages that are required to perform the MAC functions for the upstream channel shall be transmitted on each of its related OOB DS channels. + +#### B.2.1.11 ATM cell structure + +![Diagram of an ATM cell structure showing a 40-bit Header and a 384-bit Information Payload, totaling 53 bytes.](fee87ee34f98efee162e918fbaeec613_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of an ATM cell. It is a rectangular box divided into two main horizontal sections. The top section is labeled 'Header' and has a dimension line above it indicating a width of '40 bits'. The bottom section is labeled 'Information Payload' and has a dimension line above it indicating a width of '384 bits'. Below the entire box, a dimension line indicates a total width of '53 bytes'. In the bottom right corner of the diagram, there is a small text label 'T0911620-00'. + +Diagram of an ATM cell structure showing a 40-bit Header and a 384-bit Information Payload, totaling 53 bytes. + +**Figure B.2-12/J.184 – ATM cell structure** + +The format for each ATM cell structure is illustrated in Figure B.2-12. This structure and field coding shall be consistent with the structure and coding given in [ITU-T I.361] [Ref. 2] for ATM UNI, both for the ATM and non-ATM based passband bidirectional PHY on coax. + +### B.2.2 Upstream physical interface specification + +To carry upstream information a combination of quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and a Time Division Multiplexing structure are specified. QPSK is specified due to its increased error performance, its spectral efficiency, and its ability to be transmitted at higher than average power levels. DAVIC specified Grade B is mandatory with Grades A and C being optional. + +#### B.2.2.1 Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) + +An overview of QPSK modulation has been provided in the downstream QPSK modulation section. + +The QPSK signal parameters are: + +| | | +|----------------------|------------------------------------| +| RF bandwidth | $BW = (f_b/2) \times (1 + \alpha)$ | +| Occupied RF Spectrum | $[f_c - BW/2, f_c + BW/2]$ | +| Symbol Rate | $f_s = f_b/2$ | +| Nyquist Frequency | $f_N = f_s/2$ | + +with $f_b$ = bit rate, $f_c$ = carrier frequency and $\alpha$ = excess bandwidth. + +For all three bit rates: 256 kbit/s (Grade A), 1.544 Mbit/s (Grade B) and 3.088 Mbit/s (Grade C), the Power Spectrum at the QPSK transmitter shall comply to the Power Spectrum Mask given in Table B.2-4 and Figure B.2-13. The Power Spectrum Mask shall be applied symmetrically around the carrier frequency. + +**Table B.2-4/J.184 – QPSK upstream transmitter power spectrum** + +| $ (f - f_c)/f_N $ | Power Spectrum | +|-------------------|------------------| +| $\leq 1 - \alpha$ | $0 \pm 0.25$ dB | +| at 1 | $-3 \pm 0.25$ dB | +| at $1 + \alpha$ | $\leq -21$ dB | +| $\geq 2$ | $\leq -40$ dB | + +![Graph of H(f) vs |(f - f_c)/f_N| showing the power spectrum. The y-axis is H(f) in dB with markers at 0, -3, -21, and -40. The x-axis is |(f - f_c)/f_N| with markers at 1 - alpha, 1, 1 + alpha, and 2. The spectrum is flat at 0 dB from 0 to 1 - alpha, with in-band ripple r_m < 0.5 dB. It then drops with a slope, passing through -3 dB at 1 and -21 dB at 1 + alpha, with Nyquist ripple r_N < 0.5 dB. At x=2, it reaches -40 dB and remains there for x > 2, with out-of-band rejection > 40 dB. The region x > 2 is shaded and labeled 'out-of-band rejection > 40 dB'. The label 'T0911630-00' is at the bottom right.](e91d950121dbb814d5c91603c7cd146e_img.jpg) + +Graph of H(f) vs |(f - f\_c)/f\_N| showing the power spectrum. The y-axis is H(f) in dB with markers at 0, -3, -21, and -40. The x-axis is |(f - f\_c)/f\_N| with markers at 1 - alpha, 1, 1 + alpha, and 2. The spectrum is flat at 0 dB from 0 to 1 - alpha, with in-band ripple r\_m < 0.5 dB. It then drops with a slope, passing through -3 dB at 1 and -21 dB at 1 + alpha, with Nyquist ripple r\_N < 0.5 dB. At x=2, it reaches -40 dB and remains there for x > 2, with out-of-band rejection > 40 dB. The region x > 2 is shaded and labeled 'out-of-band rejection > 40 dB'. The label 'T0911630-00' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure B.2-13/J.184 – QPSK upstream transmitter power spectrum** + +The specifications which shall apply to QPSK modulation for the upstream channel are given in Table B.2-5. + +**Table B.2-5/J.184 – Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream)** + +| | Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream) | | | | | | | | | +|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|-------------|---|------------|---|--------------|---|--------------| +| Transmission Rate |

Three grades of modulation transmission rate are specified:

Grade Rate
A 256 kbit/s
B 1.544 Mbit/s
C 3.088 Mbit/s

A QPSK modulator (transmitter) shall support B grade of transmission with A and C grades of transmission being optional. A QPSK demodulator (receiver) shall support B grade with A and C being optional.

| Grade | Rate | A | 256 kbit/s | B | 1.544 Mbit/s | C | 3.088 Mbit/s | +| Grade | Rate | | | | | | | | | +| A | 256 kbit/s | | | | | | | | | +| B | 1.544 Mbit/s | | | | | | | | | +| C | 3.088 Mbit/s | | | | | | | | | +| Modulation | Differentially encoded QPSK | | | | | | | | | +| Transmit Filtering | $\alpha = 0.30$ square root raised cosine for Grade A (256 kbit/s), Grade B (1.544 Mbit/s), and Grade C (3.088 Mbit/s) | | | | | | | | | +| Channel Spacing | 200 kHz for Grade A (256 kbit/s)
1 MHz for Grade B (1.544 Mbit/s)
2 MHz for Grade C (3.088 Mbit/s) | | | | | | | | | +| Frequency Step Size | 50 kHz for Grade A, Grade B and Grade C | | | | | | | | | +| Unique Word | The unique word is four bytes: CC CC CC 0D hex, transmitted in this order. | | | | | | | | | + +**Table B.2-5/J.184 – Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream)** + +| | Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|----------|---------------------|---|---|------|---|---|-------------|---|---|-------------|---|---|-------------| +| Randomization |

The unique word shall be sent in the clear. After addition of the FEC bytes, randomization shall apply only to the 53-byte payload area and 6 FEC bytes, with the randomizer performing modulo-2 addition of the data with a pseudo-random sequence. The generating polynomial is x^6 + x^5 + 1 with seed all ones.

Byte/serial conversion shall be MSB first. The 472-bit binary sequence generated by the shift register starts with 00000100... The first "0" is to be added to the first bit after the unique word.

Randomizer:

Diagram of a randomizer circuit. Serial Input enters a modulo-2 adder (circle with a cross). The output of this adder is the Serial Output and also enters a 6-bit D flip-flop chain (D5 to D0). The output of D0 is fed back through another modulo-2 adder to the first adder. The feedback path contains a 'D = 1 bit clock delay register'. The polynomial for the feedback is X^6 + X^5 + 1. The seed value is all 1s. The diagram is labeled T0913260-01.

A complementary non self-synchronizing de-randomizer is used in the receiver to recover the data. The de-randomizer shall be enabled after detection of the unique word.

De-randomizer:

Diagram of a de-randomizer circuit. Serial Input enters a 6-bit D flip-flop chain (D5 to D0). The output of D0 is fed back through a 'D = 1 bit clock delay register' to a modulo-2 adder (circle with a cross). The output of this adder is the Serial Output and also enters another modulo-2 adder. The Serial Input is also fed into this second adder. The reseed value is all 1s. The diagram is labeled T0913270-01. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Differential Encoding |

Bytes entering the byte-to-symbol encoder are divided into four bit pairs, each bit pair generating one QPSK symbol. Byte boundaries coincide with bit pair boundaries: that is, no bit pairs overlap two bytes. The bit pair corresponding to the MSBs of the byte is sent first. Within each bit pair, the more significant bit is referred to as "A" and the less significant as "B". The differential encoder shall accept bits (A, B) in sequence, and generate phase changes as follows:

A B Phase Change
0 0 none
0 1 +90 degrees
1 1 180 degrees
1 0 -90 degrees
| A | B | Phase Change | 0 | 0 | none | 0 | 1 | +90 degrees | 1 | 1 | 180 degrees | 1 | 0 | -90 degrees | +| A | B | Phase Change | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 0 | none | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 1 | +90 degrees | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 1 | 180 degrees | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 0 | -90 degrees | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +**Table B.2-5/J.184 – Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream)** + +| | Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream) | +|---------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Signal Constellation |

The outputs I, Q from the differential encoder map to the phase states as follows:

QPSK Signal Constellation diagram showing four points: 01 (top-left), 11 (top-right), 00 (bottom-left), and 10 (bottom-right) on a coordinate system with I (horizontal) and Q (vertical) axes. The diagram is labeled T0911640-00.

This constellation is used for the detection of the Unique Word, which is not differentially encoded.

| +| Carrier Centre Frequency Range | 8-26.5 MHz. The transmitter shall operate over the entire specified frequency range. The lowest carrier centre frequency is 8 MHz. | +| Frequency Stability | ±50 ppm measured at the upper limit of the frequency range | +| Symbol Rate Accuracy | ±50 ppm | +| Transmitter Power Spectrum Mask | A common mask for all three bit rates: 256 kbit/s (Grade A), 1.544 Mbit/s (Grade B) and 3.088 Mbit/s (Grade C) is given in Table B.2-4. | +| Carrier Suppression when Transmitter Active | >30 dB | +| Carrier Suppression when Transmitter Idle |

The Carrier Suppression shall be more than 60 dB below nominal power output level, over the entire power output range and 30 dB right after or before transmission. Details are shown in the figure below.

NOTE – Idle Transmitter Definition: A terminal is considered to be idle if it is 3 slots before an imminent transmission or 3 slots after its most recent transmission.

Diagram illustrating the carrier suppression mask. It shows a 'Burst Packet' consisting of a 1 Byte Unique Word, 63 Bytes of data, and another 1 Byte Unique Word. The packet is preceded and followed by 3 slots of idle time. The power level drops to 60 dB below nominal during the idle slots and rises to 30 dB below nominal immediately after the start and before the end of the burst packet. The diagram is labeled T0911650-00. | +| I/Q Amplitude Imbalance | <1.0 dB | +| I/Q Phase Imbalance | <2.0 degree | +| Transmit Power Level at the modulator output (upstream) | 85-113 dBmicroV (RMS) (75 Ohms) | + +**Table B.2-5/J.184 – Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream)** + +| | Specifications for QPSK modulation (Upstream) | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| C/N at the demodulator input at the A3 reference point (Nyquist bandwidth, white noise) |

>20 dB @ 1x10E-6 packet loss (after error correction)

NOTE – A packet loss occurs when one or more bits per packet (after error correction) are uncorrectable.

| + +#### **B.2.2.2 Coaxial cable impedance** + +The coaxial cable nominal impedance shall be 75 Ohms over the frequency range as specified, see Table B.2-5. + +#### **B.2.2.3 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)** + +TDMA allows a DAVIC DHCT access onto a signalling channel for upstream Application control information. The TDMA technique is used for communication between the DHCT and the Service Provider System. TDMA is based on dividing access by multiple set-top units onto a shared signalling channel. This technique provides a negotiated bandwidth allocation slot access method. + +##### **B.2.2.3.1 Slot definition** + +The TDMA technique utilizes a slotting methodology which allows the transmit start times to be synchronized to a common clock source. Synchronizing the start times increases message throughput of this signalling channel since the message packets do not overlap during transmission. The period between sequential start times are identified as slots. Each slot is a point in time when a message packet can be transmitted over the signalling link. + +The time reference for slot location is received via the downstream channels generated at the Delivery System and received simultaneously by all set-top units. Since all DHCTs reference the same time base, the slot times are aligned for all DHCTs. However, since there is propagation delay in any transmission network, a time base ranging method accommodates deviation of transmission due to propagation delay. + +The upstream slot rates are 3000 upstream slots/s when the upstream data rate is 1.544 Mbit/s and 500 upstream slots/s when the upstream data rate is 256 kbit/s. + +The format of the upstream slot is shown in Figure B.2-14. A Unique Word (UW) (4 bytes) provides a burst mode acquisition method. The payload area (53 bytes) contains a single message cell as described previously. The RS Parity field (6 bytes) provides $t = 3$ Reed-Solomon protection RS (59, 53) over the payload area. The Guardband (1 byte) provides spacing between adjacent packets. + +Reed-Solomon encoding shall be performed on each ATM cell with $T = 3$ . This means that 3 erroneous byte per ATM cell can be corrected. This process adds 6 parity bytes to the ATM cell to give a codeword of (59, 53). Reed-Solomon encoding is performed on the ATM cell before upstream data randomization. + +The Reed-Solomon code shall have the following generator polynomials: + +**Code Generator Polynomial:** $g(x) = (x + \mu^0)(x + \mu^1)(x + \mu^2) \dots (x + \mu^5)$ , where $\mu = 02\text{hex}$ + +**Field Generator Polynomial:** $p(x) = x^8 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + 1$ + +![Diagram of Upstream Slot Structure showing four fields: UW (4 bytes), Payload Area (53 bytes), RS Parity (6 bytes), and Guardband (1 byte).](1b23b78336d8bd286c653cbdb38428dd_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of an upstream slot. It is a horizontal bar divided into four segments. Above the bar, the lengths of each segment are indicated: '4 bytes' for the first segment, '53 bytes' for the second, '6 bytes' for the third, and '1 byte' for the fourth. Below the bar, the names of the segments are provided: 'UW' (Underline Word) for the first, 'Payload Area' for the second, 'RS Parity' for the third, and 'Guardband' for the fourth. The segments are separated by vertical lines, and the entire structure is enclosed in a rectangular box. + +Diagram of Upstream Slot Structure showing four fields: UW (4 bytes), Payload Area (53 bytes), RS Parity (6 bytes), and Guardband (1 byte). + +T0911660-00 + +**Figure B.2-14/J.184 – Upstream Slot Structure** + +This structure and field coding shall be consistent with the structure and coding given in [ITU-T I.361] [Ref. 2] for ATM UNI. + +##### **B.2.2.3.2 Slot definition assignment** + +Since the TDMA signalling link is used by DHCTs that are engaged in interactive sessions, the number of available message slots on this channel is dependent on the number of simultaneous users. When messaging slots are not in use, an DHCT may be assigned multiple message slots for increased messaging throughput. Additional slot assignments are provided to the DHCT from the downstream signalling information flow. + +#### **B.2.2.4 Contention based access** + +Upstream session related control information and network related control information are provided via a service channel using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) along with a contention-based protocol. + +Contention based access is used for managing contention of transmission over a signalling link. For the DAVIC system, this protocol is utilized as a technique for signalling between an DHCT and the Delivery System's Service-Related Control function. Contention based access provides instant channel allocation for the DHCT. + +The Contention based technique is used for multiple subscribers that will have equal access to the signalling channel. It is probable that simultaneous transmissions will occur. The Contention based technique provides resolution of signalling throughput when simultaneous transmissions occur. + +##### **B.2.2.4.1 Slot definition** + +The slot definition utilized for the contention based access is the same as that defined in the TDMA clause B.2.2.3.1. + +##### **B.2.2.4.2 Positive Acknowledgment** + +For each ATM cell transmitted by the DHCT, a positive acknowledgment is sent back by the NMS, utilizing the reception indicator field, for each successfully received ATM cell. In contention based access mode, a positive acknowledgment indicates that a collision did not occur. A collision occurs if two or more DHCTs attempt ATM cell transmission during the same slot. A collision will be assumed if a DHCT does not receive a positive acknowledgment. If a collision occurs, then the DHCT will initiate a retransmission procedure. + +#### **B.2.2.5 Relationship between downstream MAC control channels and upstream channels** + +Up to 8 QPSK Upstream channels can be related to each downstream channel which is designated as a MAC control channel. This relationship consists of the following items: + +- 1) Each of these related upstream channels share a common slot position. This reference is based on 1 millisecond time markers that are derived via information transmitted via the downstream MAC control channel. + +- 2) Each of these related upstream channels derive slot numbers from information provided in the downstream MAC control channel. +- 3) The Messaging needed perform MAC functions for each of these related upstream channels is transmitted via the downstream MAC control channel. + +#### B.2.2.6 Slot location and alignment for the QPSK upstream channels + +Transmission on each QPSK upstream channel is based on dividing access by multiple DHCTs by utilizing a negotiated bandwidth allocation slot access method. A slotting methodology allows the transmit slot locations to be synchronized to a common slot position reference, which is provided via the related downstream MAC control channel. Synchronizing the slot locations increases message throughput of the upstream channels since the ATM cells do not overlap during transmission. + +The slot position reference for upstream slot locations is received via the related downstream MAC control channel by each DHCT. Since each DHCT receives the downstream slot position reference at a slightly different time, due to propagation delay in the transmission network, slot position ranging is required to align the actual slot locations for each related upstream channel. The upstream slot rates are 3000 upstream slots/s when the upstream data rate is 1.544 Mbit/s and 500 upstream slots/s when the upstream data rate is 256 kbit/s. + +The number of slots available in any one second is given by: + +$$\text{number of slots/s} = (\text{upstream data rate}/512) + \text{extra guardband}$$ + +where extra guardband may be designated between groups of slots for alignment purposes. + +##### B.2.2.6.1 Upstream data rate – 1.544 Mbit/s + +In the case where the upstream data rate is 1.544 Mbit/s, the upstream slots are numbered as shown below, where k is a multiple of 9. + +![Diagram showing a sequence of slots s(k-1) through s(k+9) over a 3 ms time period. The slots are grouped into three sets of three: [s(k-1), s(k), s(k+1)], [s(k+2), s(k+3), s(k+4)], and [s(k+5), s(k+6), s(k+7)], [s(k+8), s(k+9)]. Arrows indicate the 3 ms time period. Below the slots, diamonds mark the slot position references (downstream) per 3 ms time period, located between s(k-1) and s(k), s(k+2) and s(k+3), s(k+5) and s(k+6), and s(k+8) and s(k+9).](f796c4b6ef101faa39b887a86820c3d1_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing a sequence of slots s(k-1) through s(k+9) over a 3 ms time period. The slots are grouped into three sets of three: [s(k-1), s(k), s(k+1)], [s(k+2), s(k+3), s(k+4)], and [s(k+5), s(k+6), s(k+7)], [s(k+8), s(k+9)]. Arrows indicate the 3 ms time period. Below the slots, diamonds mark the slot position references (downstream) per 3 ms time period, located between s(k-1) and s(k), s(k+2) and s(k+3), s(k+5) and s(k+6), and s(k+8) and s(k+9). + +The relationship between the received slot position reference and the actual slot transmit position is given by: + +$$\text{slot\_transmit\_position} = \text{slot\_position\_reference} + \text{slot\_position\_offset}$$ + +where slot\_position\_offset is derived from the Time\_Offset\_Value provided via the Range\_and\_Power\_Calibration\_Message. + +![Diagram showing the relationship between slot position reference and slot transmit position. It shows two slots, slot (j-1) and slot (j), separated by a vertical line representing the slot position reference (downstream). The slot transmit position is shown as a point to the right of the reference line. The slot position offset is indicated by a double-headed arrow between the reference line and the transmit position.](50f72073c616cb3d3ca3af04a0c3a221_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the relationship between slot position reference and slot transmit position. It shows two slots, slot (j-1) and slot (j), separated by a vertical line representing the slot position reference (downstream). The slot transmit position is shown as a point to the right of the reference line. The slot position offset is indicated by a double-headed arrow between the reference line and the transmit position. + +In the case where the upstream data rate is 1.544 Mbit/s, the actual slot transmission locations are given by: + +$$\text{slot\_transmission\_location (m)} = \text{slot\_transmission\_position} + (m \times 512);$$ + +where m = 0, 1, 2; is the position of the slot with respect to the slot\_transmission\_position. + +![](af6c3f383ddc0c142cdd7e186cc78199_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | +|---------------|------------------------------|----------------|----------------|-----------|------------------------------| +| previous slot | ← slot_transmission_position | | | next slot | ← slot_transmission_position | +| | ← position 0 | ← position 1 | ← position 2 | | | +| | slot 0 (m = 0) | slot 1 (m = 1) | slot 2 (m = 2) | | | +| | 512 bits | 512 bits | 512 bits | | | + +##### B.2.2.6.2 Upstream data rate – 256 kbit/s + +In the case where the upstream data rate is 256 kbit/s, the upstream slots are numbered as shown below, where k is a multiple of 3: + +![](e2c120be98ede6deb60dd341f5a9803b_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | +|----------------------|------|--------|--------|--------|---| +| ← 6 ms time period → | | | | | | +| s(k-1) | s(k) | s(k+1) | s(k+2) | s(k+3) | | +| | ◆ | ◆ | ◆ | ◆ | ◆ | + +6 slot position references (downstream) per 6 ms time period + +The relationship between the received slot position reference and the actual slot transmit position is given by: + +$$\text{slot\_transmit\_position} = \text{slot\_position\_reference (integer)} + \text{slot\_position\_offset}$$ + +where only the slot\_position\_references corresponding to integer values are valid and the slot\_position\_offset is derived from the Time\_Offset\_Value provided via the Range\_and\_Power\_Calibration\_Message. + +![](23cb65390082ab306c15bd3d8196135e_img.jpg) + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|----------| +| ← slot_transmit_position | | +| slot (j-1) | slot (j) | +| ← slot_position_offset → | | +| ◆ slot position reference, integer value (downstream) | | + +In the case where the upstream data rate is 256 kbit/s, the actual slot transmission locations correspond directly to the integer valued slot position references. + +##### B.2.2.6.3 Upstream Data Rate – 3.088 Mbit/s + +In the case where the upstream data rate is 3.088 Mbit/s, the upstream slots are numbered as shown below, where k is a multiple of 18. + +![](c14d36776b70c47a6bad152b3a8a5ec6_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|----------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|---------| +| ← 3 ms time period → | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| s(k-1) | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | s(k+18) | +| | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | | +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | | +| | ◆ | | | | | ◆ | | | | | | ◆ | | | | | | ◆ | + +3 slot position references (downstream) per 3 ms time period + +The relationship between the received slot position reference and the actual slot transmit position is given by: + +$$\text{slot\_transmit\_position} = \text{slot\_position\_reference} + \text{slot\_position\_offset}$$ + +where slot\_position\_offset is derived from the Time\_Offset\_Value provided via the Range\_and\_Power\_Calibration\_Message. + +![Diagram showing slot boundaries between slot (j-1) and slot (j). A vertical line marks the boundary. To the right of the boundary is an arrow pointing left labeled '← slot_transmit_position'. To the left of the boundary is an arrow pointing right labeled '→ slot_position_offset'. Below the boundary line is a diamond symbol labeled '◆ slot position reference (downstream)'.](6a7ea9d5162b0a0cfbd8d77c6cac90d1_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing slot boundaries between slot (j-1) and slot (j). A vertical line marks the boundary. To the right of the boundary is an arrow pointing left labeled '← slot\_transmit\_position'. To the left of the boundary is an arrow pointing right labeled '→ slot\_position\_offset'. Below the boundary line is a diamond symbol labeled '◆ slot position reference (downstream)'. + +In the case where the upstream data rate is 3.088 Mbit/s, the actual slot transmission locations are given by: + +$$\text{slot\_transmission\_location (m)} = \text{slot\_transmission\_position} + (m \times 512)$$ + +where $m = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5$ is the position of the slot with respect to the `slot_transmission_position`. + +![Diagram showing a sequence of slots. From left to right: 'previous slot', 'slot 0 (m=0) 512 bits', 'slot 1 (m=1) 512 bits', 'slot 2 (m=2) 512 bits', 'slot 3 (m=3) 512 bits', 'slot 4 (m=4) 512 bits', 'slot 5 (m=5) 528 bits', and 'next slot'. Above the slots, an arrow labeled '← slot_transmission_position' points to the start of slot 0. Above slots 0-5, arrows labeled '← pos 0' through '← pos 5' point to their respective starts.](a9159a006d67a834a7b1a771c18191cc_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing a sequence of slots. From left to right: 'previous slot', 'slot 0 (m=0) 512 bits', 'slot 1 (m=1) 512 bits', 'slot 2 (m=2) 512 bits', 'slot 3 (m=3) 512 bits', 'slot 4 (m=4) 512 bits', 'slot 5 (m=5) 528 bits', and 'next slot'. Above the slots, an arrow labeled '← slot\_transmission\_position' points to the start of slot 0. Above slots 0-5, arrows labeled '← pos 0' through '← pos 5' point to their respective starts. + +### B.2.3 Media access control functionality + +This clause contains the specifications for Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol to be used for communication across a Hybrid Fibre Coax (HFC) network. It specifies the communication between Network Related Control (NMS) at the Access Subnetwork and the Digital Home Cable Terminal (DHCT). + +#### B.2.3.1 MAC reference model + +The scope of this clause is limited to the definition and specification of the MAC Layer protocol. The detailed operations within the MAC layer (Figure B.2-15) are hidden from the above layers. + +![Figure B.2-15/J.184 – MAC reference model diagram. It shows a stack of layers. At the top is 'Higher Layers'. Below it is the 'MAC Sublayer', which contains several functional blocks: 'Link Management', 'Connection Management', 'Initialization, Sign-on and Provisioning Management' (grouped as 'MAC Management'), 'Data Adaptation', 'MAC Signalling', 'Multicast Address Resolution', and 'Singlecast Address Resolution'. At the bottom is the 'Physical Layer'. A vertical double-headed arrow on the left is labeled 'Lower Layer Protocols'.](8d1bb05debbaef0f72751449b2b55172_img.jpg) + +Figure B.2-15/J.184 – MAC reference model diagram. It shows a stack of layers. At the top is 'Higher Layers'. Below it is the 'MAC Sublayer', which contains several functional blocks: 'Link Management', 'Connection Management', 'Initialization, Sign-on and Provisioning Management' (grouped as 'MAC Management'), 'Data Adaptation', 'MAC Signalling', 'Multicast Address Resolution', and 'Singlecast Address Resolution'. At the bottom is the 'Physical Layer'. A vertical double-headed arrow on the left is labeled 'Lower Layer Protocols'. + +Figure B.2-15/J.184 – MAC reference model + +This clause focuses on the required message flows between the NMS and the DHCT for Media Access Control. These areas are divided into three categories: Initialization, Provisioning and Sign On Management, Connection Management and Link Management. + +#### B.2.3.2 Upstream and downstream channel types + +This clause defines the upstream and downstream channel types supported by the Media Access Control Protocol. + +##### B.2.3.2.1 Downstream out-of-band channel requirements + +The Media Access Control Protocol supports multiple downstream Channels. In instances where multiple Channels are used, the NMS shall specify a single Out-Of-Band frequency where DHCTs perform Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On Functions. In instances where only a single frequency is in use, the NMS shall utilize that frequency for Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On functions. + +##### B.2.3.2.2 Upstream channel requirements + +The Media Access Control protocol supports multiple upstream channels. One of the upstream channels shall be designated the Service Channel. The Service Channel shall be used by DHCTs entering the network via the Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On procedure. The remaining upstream channels shall be used for upstream data transmission. In cases where only one upstream channel is utilized, the functions of the Service Channel shall reside in conjunction with regular upstream data transmission. + +#### B.2.3.3 MAC information transport + +To support the delivery of MAC related information to and from the DHCT, a dedicated Virtual Channel shall be utilized. The VPI, VCI for this channel shall be 0x000, 0x0021. + +AAL5 (as specified in [ITU-T I.363.5] [Ref. 3]) adaptation shall be used to encapsulate each MAC SDU in ATM cells. All upstream MAC messages shall be restricted to a single cell. A single cell MAC SDU can accommodate up to 40 bytes. + +Since MAC related information is terminated at the DHCT and NMS a privately defined message structure will be utilized. The format of the MAC message structure is illustrated below. + +NOTE – All messages are sent most significant bit first. + +| MAC_message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------------|------------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Message_Configuration | 1 | | +| Protocol_Version | 5 | | 7..3:{enum} | +| Syntax_Indicator | 3 | | 2..0:{enum} | +| Message_Type | 8 | 1 | | +| if (Syntax_Indicator==001) { | | | | +| MAC_Address | 48 | 6 | | +| } | | | | +| MAC_Information_Elements () | | N | | +| } | | | | + +##### Protocol Version + +Protocol\_Version is a 5-bit enumerated type used to identify the current MAC version. + +| | | | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| enum Protocol_Version { | DAVIC 1.0 Compliant Device,
SCTE OOB Transport mode B,
Reserved 2..31 | }; | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| + +##### Syntax Indicator + +Syntax\_Indicator is a 3-bit enumerated type that indicates the addressing type contained in the MAC message. + +``` +enum Syntax_Indicator { + No_MAC_Address, + MAC_Address_Included, + Reserved 2..7 +}; +``` + +##### MAC Address + +MAC\_Address is a 48-bit value representing the unique MAC address of the DHCT. + +#### B.2.3.4 MAC message types + +All MAC message types are listed in Table B.2-6. The MAC message types are divided into the logical MAC states of Initialization, Sign On, Connection Management and Link Management. Messages in *italics* represent upstream transmission from DHCT to NMS. MAC messages are sent using Broadcast or Singlecast Addressing. Singlecast address shall utilize the 48-bit MAC address. + +**Table B.2-6/J.184 – DAVIC MAC messages** + +| Message type value | Message name | Addressing type | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------| +| 0x01-0x1F | MAC Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On Message | | +| 0x01 | Provisioning Channel Message | Broadcast | +| 0x02 | Default Configuration Message | Broadcast | +| 0x03 | Sign-On Request Message | Broadcast | +| 0x04 | Sign-On Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x05 | Ranging and Power Calibration Message | Singlecast | +| 0x06 | Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x07 | Initialization Complete Message | Singlecast | +| 0x08-0x1F | [Reserved] | | +| 0x20-0x3F | MAC Connection Establishment and Termination Msgs | | +| 0x20 | Connect Message | Singlecast | +| 0x21 | Connect Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x22 | Reservation Request Message | Singlecast | +| 0x23 | Reservation Response Message | Broadcast | +| 0x24 | Connect Confirm Message | Singlecast | +| 0x25 | Release Message | Singlecast | +| 0x26 | Release Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x27 | Idle Message | Singlecast | +| 0x28 | Reservation Grant Message | Broadcast | +| 0x29 | Reservation ID Assignment | Singlecast | +| 0x2A | Reservation Status Request | Singlecast | +| 0x2B | Reservation ID Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x2C-0x3F | [Reserved] | | + +**Table B.2-6/J.184 – DAViC MAC messages** + +| Message type value | Message name | Addressing type | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------| +| 0x40-0x5F | MAC Link Management Msgs | | +| 0x40 | Transmission Control Message | Singlecast | +| 0x41 | Reprovision Message | Singlecast | +| 0x42 | Link Management Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x43 | Status Request Message | Singlecast | +| 0x44 | Status Response Message | Singlecast | +| 0x45-0x5F | [Reserved] | | + +##### **B.2.3.4.1 MAC initialization, provisioning and sign on** + +This clause defines the procedure for Initialization, Provisioning and Sign On that the MAC shall perform during power on or Reset. + +###### **B.2.3.4.1.1 Initialization and provisioning** + +- 1) Upon a DHCT becoming active (i.e. powered up), it must first find the current provisioning frequency. The DHCT shall receive the **Provisioning Channel Message**. This message shall be sent aperiodically on all downstream OOB channels when there are multiple channels. In the case of only a single channel, the message shall indicate the current channel to be utilized for Provisioning. Upon receiving this message, the DHCT shall tune to the Provisioning Channel. +- 2) After a valid lock indication on a Provisioning Channel, the DHCT shall await the **DEFAULT CONFIGURATION MESSAGE**. When received, the DHCT shall configure its parameters as defined in the default configuration message. The Default Configuration Parameters shall include default timer values, default power levels, default retry counts as well as other information related to the operation of the MAC protocol. + +Figure B.2-16 below shows the signalling sequence. + +![Sequence diagram showing the initialization and provisioning sequence between NRC and NIU/STB. The NRC sends a Provisioning Channel Message to the NIU/STB, followed by a Default Configuration Message. The diagram is labeled T0911680-00.](1399c76ef88f22b70d05ed3f781d3c48_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant NRC + participant NIU/STB + Note right of NIU/STB: T0911680-00 + NRC->>NIU/STB: Provisioning Channel Message + NRC->>NIU/STB: Default Configuration Message + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the initialization and provisioning sequence between NRC and NIU/STB. The NRC sends a Provisioning Channel Message to the NIU/STB, followed by a Default Configuration Message. The diagram is labeled T0911680-00. + +**Figure B.2-16/J.184 – Initialization and provisioning sequence** + +###### **B.2.3.4.1.2 Sign on and calibration** + +The DHCT shall Sign On via the Sign-On Procedure. A state diagram for Ranging and Calibration is given in Figure B.2-18. The signalling flow for Sign-On is shown in Figure B.2-17 and described below. Reception Indicators shall be ignored during the Sign-On and Calibration process. + +- 1) The DHCT shall tune to the downstream Provisioning channel and the upstream service channel with the information provided in the Initialization and Provisioning sequence. +- 2) The DHCT shall await the **Sign-On Request Message** from the Network Related Control Entity. The DHCT shall utilize Contention based entry on the service channel to access the network. +- 3) Upon receiving the **Sign-On Request Message**, the DHCT shall respond with the **Sign-On Response Message**. The Sign-On Response Message shall be transmitted on a Ranging Control Slot. +- 4) The NMS, upon receiving the Sign-On Response Message shall validate the DHCT and send the **Ranging and Power Calibration Message**. +- 5) The DHCT shall respond to the Ranging and Power Calibration Message with the Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message. The Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message shall be transmitted on a Ranging Control Slot. +- 6) The NMS shall send the **Initialization Complete Message** when the DHCT is calibrated. The DHCT is assumed to be calibrated if the message arrives within a window of 1.5 symbols (upstream rate) and a power within a window of 1.5 dB from their optimal value. + +![Sequence diagram showing the sign-on messaging sequence between NRC and NIU/STB. The sequence consists of five messages: 1. Sign-On Request Message (NRC to NIU/STB), 2. Sign-On Response Message (NIU/STB to NRC), 3. Ranging and Power Calibration Message (NRC to NIU/STB), 4. Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message (NIU/STB to NRC), 5. Initialization Complete Message (NRC to NIU/STB).](4801e73fa692059f2ca78196e6e907be_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant NRC + participant NIU/STB + Note right of NIU/STB: T0911690-00 + NRC->>NIU/STB: Sign-On Request Message + NIU/STB-->>NRC: Sign-On Response Message + NRC->>NIU/STB: Ranging and Power Calibration Message + NIU/STB-->>NRC: Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message + NRC->>NIU/STB: Initialization Complete Message + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the sign-on messaging sequence between NRC and NIU/STB. The sequence consists of five messages: 1. Sign-On Request Message (NRC to NIU/STB), 2. Sign-On Response Message (NIU/STB to NRC), 3. Ranging and Power Calibration Message (NRC to NIU/STB), 4. Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message (NIU/STB to NRC), 5. Initialization Complete Message (NRC to NIU/STB). + +**Figure B.2-17/J.184 – Sign-on messaging sequence** + +![State diagram for ranging and calibration. The diagram shows a sequence of states: 'Wait for Sign-On Request', 'Wait for Random Time < Time Window Retry or Increase Power Send Sign-On Response Message on a Ranging Slot', 'Wait for a new Time Window', 'Modify Power and Ranging (Left)', 'Modify Power and Ranging (Right)', and 'END'. Transitions are labeled with messages like 'R & C Message + Ranging Slot Number' or 'R & C Message and no Ranging Slot Number'.](8c3eb53c927f55acd19723cfcd0c43b6_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> WaitSignOn + state "Wait for Sign-On Request" as WaitSignOn + state "Wait for Random Time < Time Window\nRetry or Increase Power\nSend Sign-On Response Message\non a Ranging Slot" as WaitRandom + state "Wait for a new Time Window" as WaitNewWindow + state "Modify Power and Ranging\nSend a Ranging and Control\nResponse on the Ranging Slot Number\ngiven by the INA. Wait for\nInitialization Complete or\nRanging and Control Message" as ModifyLeft + state "Modify Power and Ranging\nSend a Ranging and Control\nResponse in a contention based\nRanging Slot. Wait for\nInitialization Complete or\nRanging and Control Message" as ModifyRight + state END + + WaitSignOn --> WaitRandom : receive Sign-On Request + WaitRandom --> WaitNewWindow + WaitNewWindow --> WaitSignOn : if time > Time Window + WaitNewWindow --> ModifyLeft : R & C Message + Ranging Slot Number + WaitNewWindow --> ModifyRight : R & C Message and no Ranging Slot Number + + ModifyLeft --> WaitSignOn : time elapsed + ModifyLeft --> ModifyLeft : R & C Message + Ranging Slot Number + ModifyLeft --> ModifyRight : R & C Message and no Ranging Slot Number + ModifyLeft --> END : Initialization Complete + + ModifyRight --> WaitSignOn : if time > Time Window + ModifyRight --> ModifyRight : R & C Message and no Ranging Slot Number + ModifyRight --> ModifyLeft : R & C Message + Ranging Slot Number + ModifyRight --> END : Initialization Complete + +``` + +State diagram for ranging and calibration. The diagram shows a sequence of states: 'Wait for Sign-On Request', 'Wait for Random Time < Time Window Retry or Increase Power Send Sign-On Response Message on a Ranging Slot', 'Wait for a new Time Window', 'Modify Power and Ranging (Left)', 'Modify Power and Ranging (Right)', and 'END'. Transitions are labeled with messages like 'R & C Message + Ranging Slot Number' or 'R & C Message and no Ranging Slot Number'. + +T0911700-00 + +**Figure B.2-18/J.184 – State diagram for ranging and calibration** + +##### **B.2.3.4.2 Connection management** + +This clause defines the MAC support for Connection Establishment and Release. + +###### **B.2.3.4.2.1 Connection establishment** + +Once a DHCT has completed the Calibration State, it shall enter the Connection State. A low bit rate permanent connection can be assigned to a DHCT by the NMS. The NMS can assign an upstream channel for contention or contentionless based access to the network. In either case after the initial calibration procedure, the NMS provides a Default Connection to the DHCT that the DHCT shall utilize to communicate to the network. A given connection (identified by a Connection\_ID) shall be + +assigned, at most, a single VPI/VCI. The message flow for such Connection Establishment is shown in Figure B.2-19. + +For all the traffic sent contention access, a collision is assumed if the appropriate reception indicator of the slot used for transmission is not set. A counter at the DHCT records the number, denoted by backoff\_exponent, of collisions encountered by a cell. The backoff\_exponent counter starts from a value determined by the Min\_Backoff\_Exponent variable. The backoff\_exponent is used to generate a uniform random number between 1 and $2^{\text{backoff\_exponent}}$ . This random number is used to schedule retransmission of the collided cell. In particular, the random number indicates the number of contention access slots the DHCT shall wait before it transmits. The first transmission is carried out in a random cell within the contention based access region. If the counter reaches the maximum number, determined by the Max\_Backoff\_Exponent variable, the value of the counter remains at this value regardless of the number of subsequent collisions. After a successful transmission the backoff\_exponent counter is reset to a value determined by the Min\_Backoff\_Exponent variable. + +In addition to the simple connect and release messages used to establish and remove connections, the MAC message set provides two additional messages to handle dynamic reallocation of bandwidth and channels. The Transmission Control Message and the Reprovision Message provide the ability to redefine the parameters of each connection individually or as group. + +The existing messages allow reallocation of resources on the network for an individual DHCT. For example, the existing connections for a single DHCT may be removed, the channel changed, and new connections re-established to the existing sessions. The Reprovision Message allows for modification of the current connection parameters including channel assignment. Gross reallocation of bandwidth or channels is provided by moving all connections from one channel to another channel at once. The Transmission Control Message provides a method to rapidly change the channel frequencies and other associated parameters for a single DHCT or all DHCTs assigned to a given channel. + +- 1) After Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On Procedures are complete, the NMS shall assign a default upstream and downstream connection to the DHCT. This connection can be assigned on any of the upstream channels except the upstream service channel ranging area. The DHCT shall assign the default connection by sending the **Connect Message** to the DHCT. This message shall contain the upstream connection parameters and downstream frequency on which the default connection is to reside. +- 2) The DHCT, upon receiving the **Connect Message** shall tune to the required upstream and downstream frequencies and send the **Connect Response Message** confirming receipt of the message. +- 3) Upon receipt of the **Connect Message**, the NMS shall confirm the new connection to proceed by sending the **Connect Confirm Message**. + +![Sequence diagram showing connection establishment signalling between NRC and NIU/STB.](57939c16065211317c5442cf2a4009e0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signalling sequence for connection establishment between an NRC (Network Resource Controller) and an NIU/STB (Network Interface Unit / Service Terminal Base). The sequence consists of three messages: + +- 1) The NRC sends a **Connect Message** to the NIU/STB. +- 2) The NIU/STB responds with a **Connect Response Message** back to the NRC. +- 3) The NRC then sends a **Connect Confirm Message** to the NIU/STB. + +The diagram is labeled with 'T0911710-00' at the bottom right. + +Sequence diagram showing connection establishment signalling between NRC and NIU/STB. + +Figure B.2-19/J.184 – Connection establishment signalling sequence + +Different access modes are provided to the DHCT within access regions specified by information contained in the slot boundary fields of the downstream superframes. The limits between access regions allow users to know when to send data on contention without risks of collision with contentionless type data. The following rules define how to select access modes: + +###### - *Data connections* + +When the NMS assigns a connection ID to the DHCT, it either specifies a slot list to be used (Contentionless access) or the DHCT shall use contention or reserved access by following this algorithm: + +When the DHCT must send more cells than what was assigned by the NMS, it can use contention access only if the number of cells to transmit is less than `Maximum_contention_access_message_length` (specified in the MAC Connect Message from the NMS). In that case, it must wait for the slot reception indicator before it is allowed to send other cells with the same VPI/VCI value. The DHCT can send one request for reservation access if the number of cells is less than `Maximum_reservation_access_message_length` (specified in the MAC Connect Message from the NMS). If more cells must be transmitted, the DHCT must send multiple requests for reservation access. + +###### - *MAC messages* + +MAC messages can be sent on contention access or reservation access. MAC messages sent upstream must be less than 40 bytes long. If the MAC information exceeds 40 bytes, it must be segmented into multiple 40 bytes independent MAC messages. Ranging access can only be used for specific MAC messages. + +The following Upstream Access Types are defined: + +###### - *Contention Access* + +`Contention Access` indicates that data is sent in the slots assigned to the contention access region in the upstream channel. It can be used either to send MAC messages or data. The VPI, VCI of the ATM cells are used to determine the connection, type and direction of the data of higher layers. Contention based access provides instant channel allocation for the DHCT. The Contention based technique is used for multiple subscribers that will have equal access to the channel. Since simultaneous transmissions will occur, a positive acknowledgment of reception by the NMS is sent in the reception indicator field of the OOB downstream channel. A collision will be assumed if a DHCT does not receive a positive acknowledgment. + +###### - *Contentionless Access* + +`Contentionless Access` indicates that data is sent in slots assigned to the Contentionless based access region in the upstream channel. These slots are uniquely assigned to a connection by the NMS. + +###### - *Reservation Access* + +`Reservation Access` implies that data is sent in the slots assigned to the reservation region in the upstream channel. These slots are uniquely assigned on a frame by frame basis to a connection by the NMS. This assignment is made at the request of the DHCT for a given connection. + +###### - *Ranging Access* + +Ranging Access indicates that the data is sent in a slot preceded and followed by slots not used by other users. These slots allow users to adjust their clock depending on their distance to the NMS such that their slots fall within the correct allocated time. The Ranging Access area is either in the Contention Access region or in slots assigned to the reservation region in the upstream channel. The reservation slots are uniquely assigned on a frame by frame basis to the DHCT. + +###### B.2.3.4.2.2 Connection release + +This clause defines the MAC signalling requirements for connection release. Figure B.2-20 below displays the signalling flow for releasing a connection. + +- 1) Upon receiving the **Release Message** from the NMS, the DHCT shall tear down the indicated upstream connections. +- 2) Upon tear down of the upstream connection, the DHCT shall send the **Release Response Message** on the upstream frequency currently being used by the DHCT for MAC Messages. + +![Sequence diagram showing connection release signalling between NRC and NIU/STB.](b63f41ca262d8ce9ef8affb62607f32b_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NRC + participant NIU/STB + Note right of NIU/STB: T0911720-00 + NRC->>NIU/STB: Release Message + NIU/STB-->>NRC: Release Response Message +``` + +The diagram illustrates the signalling flow for connection release. It features two vertical rectangular blocks representing the Network Resource Controller (NRC) on the left and the Network Interface Unit/Subscriber Terminal Box (NIU/STB) on the right. A horizontal arrow points from the NRC to the NIU/STB, labeled with ' Release Message'. A return horizontal arrow points from the NIU/STB back to the NRC, labeled with ' Release Response Message'. Below the NIU/STB block, the text 'T0911720-00' is present. + +Sequence diagram showing connection release signalling between NRC and NIU/STB. + +**Figure B.2-20/J.184 – Connection release signalling** + +##### B.2.3.4.3 MAC link management + +The MAC Link Management tasks provide continuous monitoring and optimization of upstream resources. These functions include: + +- Power and Timing Management. +- TDMA Allocation Management. +- Reservation Allocation Management. +- Channel Error Management. + +###### B.2.3.4.3.1 Power and timing management + +Power and Timing Management shall provide continuous monitoring of upstream transmission from the DHCT. The **Ranging and Power Calibration Message** is used to maintain a DHCT within predefined thresholds of power and time. + +The Upstream Burst Demodulator shall continuously monitor the upstream burst transmissions from an DHCT. Upon detection of an DHCT outside the predefined range, the NMS shall send the **Ranging and Power Calibration Message** to the DHCT. + +###### B.2.3.4.3.2 TDMA allocation management + +To ensure optimum assignment of TDMA resources, the NMS shall ensure the upstream allocation of TDMA resources for various connections remain intact when allocating resources to a new connection. However, in the event that reconfiguration is required to minimize fragmentation of resources, then the NMS shall dynamically reconfigure the upstream TDMA assignments to a DHCT or group of DHCT. The **Reprovision Message** is utilized to change previously established connection parameters. + +###### B.2.3.4.3.3 Channel error management + +During periods of connection inactivity, the DHCT shall enter an Idle Mode. Idle mode is characterized by periodic transmission by the DHCT of a **Idle Message**. The Idle Mode transmission shall occur at a periodic rate sufficient for the NMS to establish Packet Error Rate statistics. + +##### B.2.3.4.4 MAC message definitions + +For all MAC messages where the parameter length is smaller than the field, the parameter shall be right justified with leading bits set to 0. + +All reserved fields in the MAC messages shall be set to 0. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1 Initialization, provisioning and sign-On messages + +This clause provides a detailed definition of the MAC messages for Initialization, Provisioning and Sign-On procedures. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1.1 Provisioning Channel Message + +The PROVISIONING CHANNEL MESSAGE is sent by the NMS to direct the DHCT to the proper Out-Of-Band frequency where provisioning is performed. The format of the message is shown below. + +| Provisioning_Channel_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| | | | | +| Provisioning_Channel_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| Reserved | 7 | | 7..1 | +| Provisioning_Frequency_Included | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| if (Provisioning_Channel_Control_Field ==
Provisioning_Frequency_Included) { | | | | +| Provisioning_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Downstream_Type | 8 | 1 | {enum} | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Provisioning Channel Control Field + +Provisioning\_Channel\_Control\_Field is used to specify the downstream frequency where the DHCT will be provisioned. + +###### Provisioning Frequency Included + +Provisioning\_Frequency\_Included is a Boolean, when set indicates that a downstream OOB frequency is specified that the DHCT should tune to begin the provisioning process. When cleared, indicates that the current downstream frequency is the provisioning frequency. + +###### Provisioning Frequency + +Provisioning\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the Out-Of-Band Frequency in which DHCT provisioning occurs. The unit of measure is Hz. + +###### Downstream Type + +Downstream\_Type is an 8-bit enumerated type indicating the modulation format for the downstream connection. + +``` +enum Downstream_Type { + Reserved, + QPSK_1.544, + QPSK_3.088, + Reserved 3..255 }; +``` + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1.2 Default Configuration Message + +The DEFAULT CONFIGURATION MESSAGE is sent by the NMS to the DHCT. The message provides default parameter and configuration information to the DHCT. The format of the message is shown below. + +| Default_Configuration_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|---------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Regs_Incr_Pwr_Retry_Count | 8 | 1 | | +| Service_Channel_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Service_Channel_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| MAC_Flag_Set | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Service_Channel | 3 | | 2..0 | +| Backup_Service_Channel_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Backup_Service_Channel_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| Backup_MAC_Flag_Set | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Backup_Service_Channel | 3 | | 2..0 | +| Service_Channel_Frame_Length | 16 | 2 | | +| Service_Channel_Last_Slot | 13 | 2 | | +| Max_Power_Level | 8 | 1 | | +| Min_Power_Level | 8 | 1 | | +| Upstream_Transmission_Rate | 3 | 1 | {enum} | +| Max_Backoff_Exponent | 8 | 1 | | +| Min_Backoff_Exponent | 8 | 1 | | +| Idle_Interval | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Sign-On Increment Power Retry Count + +Regs\_Incr\_Pwr\_Retry\_Count is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the number of attempts the DHCT should try to enter the system at the same power level before incrementing its power level. + +###### Service Channel Frequency + +Service\_Channel\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the upstream frequency assigned to the service channel. The unit of measure is in Hz. + +###### **MAC\_Flag\_Set** + +MAC\_Flag\_Set is a 5-bit field indicating the MAC Flag set number assigned to the service channel (i.e. R1a, R1b and R1c represent MAC Flag set 1). It can take the values 1..16. Values 0 and 17..31 are invalid. + +A downstream channel contains control information for each of its associated upstream channels. This information is contained within structures known as MAC Flags. A set of MAC Flags, represented by either 24 bits (denoted b0..b23) or by 3 bytes (denoted Rxa, Rxb and Rxc), are uniquely assigned to a given upstream channel. + +In the OOB downstream case, each SL-ESF frame structure contains eight sets of MAC Flags represented by Rxa, Rxb and Rxc, where x is replaced by the numbers 1..8. In the case of a 1.544 Mbit/s downstream bit rate, only one SL-ESF frame occurs during a 3 ms interval providing 8 sets of MAC Flags. In the case of a 3.088 Mbit/s downstream bit rate, two SL-ESF frames occur during a 3 ms interval, providing 16 sets of MAC Flags. The second set of MAC Flags (contained in the second SL-ESF) are denoted by Rxa, Rxb and Rxc, where x is replaced by the numbers 9 through 16. + +In case of a 3.088 Mbit/s upstream channel, two sets of MAC Flags are required. In this case, the MAC\_Flag\_Set parameter represents the first of two successively assigned MAC Flag sets. + +###### **Service Channel** + +Service\_Channel is a 3-bit field which defines the channel assigned to the Service\_Channel\_Frequency. Although the function provided by this parameter is superseded in the DAVIC 1.2 specification by the MAC\_Flag\_Set, it is retained in order to identify the logical channel assigned to the DHCT. + +###### **Backup Service Channel Frequency** + +Backup\_Service\_Channel\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the upstream frequency assigned to the backup service channel. The backup service channel is used when entry on the primary service channel fails. The unit of measure is in Hz. + +###### **Backup\_MAC\_Flag\_Set** + +Backup\_MAC\_Flag\_Set is a 5-bit field representing the MAC Flag set assigned to the backup service channel. The function of this field is the same as the MAC\_Flag\_Set above but with respect to the backup service channel. + +###### **Backup\_Service Channel** + +Backup\_Service\_Channel is a 3-bit field which defines the channel assigned to the Backup\_Service\_Channel\_Frequency. The function of this field is the same as the Service\_Channel above but with respect to the backup channel. + +###### **Service Channel Frame Length** + +Service\_Channel\_Frame\_Length is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the number of slots in the upstream Contentionless based Service Channel. The unit of measure is slots. + +###### **Service Channel Last Slot** + +Service\_Channel\_Last\_Slot is a 13-bit unsigned integer representing the last slot in the Service Channel. + +###### **Maximum Power Level** + +MAX\_Power\_Level is a 8-bit unsigned integer representing the maximum power the DHCT shall be allowed to use to transmit upstream. The unit of measure is 0.5 dBμV. + +###### Minimum Power Level + +MIN\_Power\_Level is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the minimum power the DHCT shall be allowed to use to transmit upstream. The unit of measure is 0.5 dBμV. + +###### Upstream Transmission Rate + +Upstream\_Transmission\_Rate is a 3-bit enumerated type that indicates the upstream transmission rate. + +``` +enum Upstream_Transmission_Rate { + Upstream_256K, + Upstream_1.544M, + Upstream_3.088M, + Reserved 3..7 }; +``` + +###### MIN\_Backoff\_Exponent + +MIN\_Backoff\_Exponent is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the minimum value of the backoff exponent counter. + +###### MAX\_Backoff\_Exponent + +MAX\_Backoff\_Exponent is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the minimum value of the backoff exponent counter. + +###### Idle\_Interval + +Idle\_Interval is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the predefined interval for the MAC Idle Messages. The unit of the measure is in milliseconds. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1.3 Sign-On Request Message + +The SIGN-ON REQUEST message is issued periodically by the NMS to allow a DHCT to indicate its presence in the network. The format of this subcommand is shown below. The Sign\_On\_Request\_Message is ignored by the DHCT unless it is in the sign-on mode. + +| Sign-On_Request_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|------------|------------|----------------------------| +| Sign-On_Control_Field | 8 | 1 | | +| Reserved | 7 | | 7-1 | +| Address_Filter_Params_Included | 1 | | 0 : {no, yes} | +| Response_Collection_Time_Window | 16 | 2 | | +| if (Sign-On_Control_Field==
Address_Filter_Params_Included){ | | | | +| Address_Position_Mask | (8) | (1) | | +| Address_Comparison_Value | (8) | (1) | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Sign-On Control Field + +`Sign-On_Control_Field` specifies what parameters are included in the SIGN-ON REQUEST. + +###### Address Filter Parameters Included + +`Address_Filter_Params_Included` is a Boolean, when set, indicates that the DHCT should respond to the SIGN-ON REQUEST only if its address matches the filter requirements specified in the message. + +###### Response Collection Time Window + +`Response_Collection_Time_Window` is a 16-bit unsigned integer that specifies the duration of time the DHCT has to respond to the SIGN-ON REQUEST. The unit of measure is ms. + +###### Address Position Mask + +`Address_Position_Mask` is an 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates the bit positions in the DHCT MAC address that are used for address filtering comparison. This parameter represents the number of bits that the Address Comparison Value should be left shifted before the compare operation. It has a range from 0 to 40. + +###### Address Comparison Value + +`Address_Comparison_Value` is an 8-bit unsigned integer that specifies the value that the DHCT should use for MAC address comparison. These eight bits are compared against the 8 bits of the MAC address after shifting according to the Address Position Mask. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1.4 Sign-On Response Message + +The Sign-On Response Message is sent by the DHCT in response to the Sign-On Request Message issued by the NMS Entity. + +| Sign-On_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|--------------------------------|----------|----------|----------------------------| +| DHCT_Status | | 4 | | +| Reserved | 29 | | 31..3 | +| Network_Address_Registered | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Default_Connection_Established | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Calibration_Operation_Complete | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| DHCT_Error_Code | | 2 | | +| Reserved | 13 | | 15..3 | +| Connect_Confirm_Timeout | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Default_Connection_Timeout | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Range_Response_Timeout | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| DHCT_Retry_Count | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | + +###### DHCT Status + +`DHCT_Status` is a 32-bit field that indicates the current state of the DHCT. It has the following subfields: + +`Network_Address_Registered` indicates that the Network Interface Module has registered its Network Address with the Application Module. + +`Default_Connection_Established` indicates that the Network Interface Module has been assigned Default Connection parameters. + +`Calibration_Operation_Complete` indicates that the Network Interface Module has been successfully calibrated. + +###### DHCT Error Code + +`DHCT_Error_Code` is an 16-bit field that indicates the error condition within the DHCT. It has the following subfields: + +`Connect_Confirm_Timeout` + +`Default_Connection_Timeout` + +`Range_Response_Timeout` + +###### Retry Count + +`Retry_Count` is a 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of transmissions of the Sign-On Response Message. This field is always included in the response to the Sign-On Request Message. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1.5 Ranging and Power Calibration Message + +The RANGING AND POWER CALIBRATION MESSAGE is sent by the NMS to the DHCT to adjust the power level or time offset the DHCT is using for upstream transmission. The format of this message is shown below. + +| Ranging_and_Power_Calibration_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Range_Power_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| Reserved | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Ranging_Slot_Included | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Time_Adjustment_Included | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Power_Ajustment_Included | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| if (Range_Power_Control_Field ==
Time_Adjustment_Included) { | | | | +| Time_Offset_Value | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Range_Power_Control_Field ==
Power_Adjustment_Included) { | | | | +| Power_Control_Setting | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Range_Power_Control_Field ==
Ranging_Slot_Included) { | | | | +| Ranging_Slot_Number | 13 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Range and Power Control Field + +`Range_Power_Control_Field` specifies which Range and Power Control Parameters are included in the message. + +###### Time Adjustment Included + +Time\_Adjustment\_Included is a Boolean, when set indicates that a relative Time Offset Value is included that the DHCT should use to adjust its upstream Contentionless based transmission. + +###### Power Adjust Included + +Power\_Adjust\_Included is a Boolean, when set indicates that a relative Power Control Setting is included in the message. + +###### Ranging Slot Included + +Ranging\_Slot\_Included is a Boolean, when set indicates the calibration slot is included in the message. + +###### Time Offset Value + +Time\_Offset\_Value is a 16-bit short integer representing a relative offset of the upstream transmission timing. A negative value indicates an adjustment forward in time. A positive value indicates an adjustment back in time. The unit of measure is 100 ns. + +###### Power Control Setting + +Power\_Control\_Setting is an 8-bit signed integer to be used to set the new upstream power level of the DHCT. A positive value represents an increase of the output power level. + +$$\text{new output\_power\_level} = \text{current output\_power\_level} + \text{power\_control\_setting} \times 0.5 \text{ dB}$$ + +###### Ranging Slot Number + +Ranging\_Slot\_Number is a 13-bit unsigned integer that represents the slot number assigned for ranging the DHCT. It shall be assigned by the NMS in the reservation area. The NCR shall assure that an unassigned slot precedes and follows the ranging slot. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1.6 Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message + +The RANGING AND POWER CALIBRATION RESPONSE Message is sent by the DHCT to the NMS in response to the RANGING AND POWER CALIBRATION MESSAGE. The format of the message is shown below. + +| Ranging_Power_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Power_Control_Setting | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Power Control Setting + +Power\_Control\_Setting is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the actual power used by the DHCT for upstream transmission. The unit of measure is 0.5 dBμV. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.1.7 Initialization Complete Message + +The INITIALIZATION COMPLETE Message is sent by the NMS to the DHCT to indicate the end of the MAC Sign-On and Provisioning procedure. The DHCT shall be disabled after receiving a non-zero Completion\_Status\_Field value. + +| Initialization_Complete_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------------|--------------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Completion_Status_Field | 1 | | +| Reserved | 4 | | 7..4 | +| Invalid_DHCT | 1 | | 3:{no, yes} | +| Timing_Ranging_Error | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Power_Ranging_Error | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Transmitter_Error | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| } | | | | + +###### Completion\_Status\_Field + +Completion\_Status\_Field is an 8-bit field that indicates errors in the initialization phase. It has the following subfields: + +- Invalid\_DHCT is a Boolean that (when set to 1) indicates that the DHCT is invalid. +- Timing\_Ranging\_Error is a Boolean that (when set to 1) indicates that the ranging has not succeeded. +- Power\_Ranging\_Error is a Boolean that (when set to 1) indicates that the power ranging has not succeeded. +- Transmitter\_Error is a Boolean that (when set to 1) indicates a transmitter error. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2 Connection management messages + +This clause defines the MAC messages for connection establishment and release. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.1 Connect Message + +| Connect_Message (){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Connection_ID | 4 | | +| Session_Number | 32 | 4 | | +| Resource_Number | 16 | 2 | | +| Connection_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| DS_ATM_CBD_Included | 1 | | 7: {no, yes} | +| DS_MPEG_CBD_Included | 1 | | 6:{no, yes} | +| US_ATM_CBD_Included | 1 | | 5:{no, yes} | +| Upstream_Channel_Number | 3 | | 4..2 | +| Slot_List_Included | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Cyclic_Assignment | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| Frame_Length | 16 | 2 | | +| Maximum_Contention_Access_ | 8 | 1 | | +| Message_Length | | | | +| Maximum_Reservation_Access_ | 8 | 1 | | +| Message_Length | | | | +| if (Connection_Control_Field ==
DS_ATM_CBD_Included) { | | | | +| Downstream_ATM_CBD() | 64 | 8 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Connection_Control_Field ==
DS_MPEG_CBD_Included) { | | | | +| Downstream_MPEG_CBD() | 48 | 6 | | +| } | | | | + +| | | | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|-------------|--| +| if (Connection_Control_Field ==
US_ATM_CBD_Included) {
Upstream_ATM_CBD()
} | 64 | 8 | | +| if (Connection_Control_Field ==
Slot_List_Included) {
Number_Slots_Defined
for(i=0; iSlot_Number
} | 8
13 | 1
2 | | +| if (Connection_Control_Field ==
Cyclic_Assignment) {
Contentionless_Start
Contentionless_Dist
Number_Cycle_Slots_Defined
} | 16
16
16 | 2
2
2 | | + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing a connection Identifier for the DHCT Dynamic Connection. + +###### Session Number + +Session\_Number is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the Session that the connection parameters are associated. + +###### Resource Number + +Resource\_Number is a 16-bit unsigned integer providing a unique number to the resource defined in the message. + +###### Connection Control Field + +DS\_ATM\_CBD\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that the Downstream ATM Descriptor is included in the message. + +DS\_MPEG\_CBD\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that the Downstream MPEG Descriptor is included in the message. + +US\_ATM\_CBD\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that the Upstream ATM Descriptor is included in the message. + +Upstream\_Channel\_Number is a 3-bit unsigned integer that provides an identifier for the upstream channel. + +Slot\_List\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that the Slot List is included in the message. + +Cyclic\_Assignment is a Boolean that indicates Cyclic Assignment. + +###### Frame Length + +Frame\_Length is a 16-bit unsigned number represents the number of successive slots in the contentionless access region that associated with each contentionless slot assignment. In the slot\_list method of allocating slots it represents the number of successive slots associated with each element in the list. In the cyclic method of allocating slots it represents the number of successive slots associated with the Contentionless\_Start\_Slot and those which are multiples of Contentionless\_Distance from the Contentionless\_Start\_Slot. + +###### Maximum Contention Access Message Length + +Maximum\_Contention\_Access\_Message\_Length is an 8-bit number representing the maximum length of a message in ATM sized cells that may be transmitted using contention access. Any message greater than this should use reservation access. + +###### Maximum Reservation Access Message Length + +Maximum\_Reservation\_Access\_Message\_Length is an 8-bit number representing the maximum length of a message in ATM sized cells that may be transmitted using a single reservation access. Any message greater than this should be transmitted by making multiple reservation requests. + +###### Downstream ATM Connection Block Descriptor + +| Downstream_ATM_CBD(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Downstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Downstream_VPI | 8 | 1 | | +| Downstream_VCI | 16 | 2 | | +| Downstream_Type | 8 | 1 | {enum} | +| } | | | | + +Downstream\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the Frequency where the connection resides. The unit of measure is in Hz. + +Downstream\_VPI is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the ATM Virtual Path Identifier that is used for downstream transmission over the Dynamic Connection. + +Downstream\_VCI is an 16-bit unsigned integer representing the ATM Virtual Channel Identifier that is used for downstream transmission over the Dynamic Connection. + +Downstream\_Type is an 8-bit enumerated type indicating the modulation format for the downstream connection. + +| | | | +|----------------------|---|--------------------| +| enum Downstream_Type | { | QAM, | +| | | QPSK_1.544, | +| | | QPSK_3.088, | +| | | Reserved 3..255 }; | + +###### Downstream MPEG Connection Block Descriptor + +| Downstream_CBD_MPEG(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Downstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Program Number | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | + +Downstream\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the Frequency where the connection resides. The unit of measure is in Hz. + +Program\_Number is a 16-bit unsigned integer uniquely referencing the downstream virtual connection assignment. + +###### Upstream ATM Connection Block Descriptor + +| Upstream_ATM_CBD () { | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|----------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Upstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Upstream_VPI | 8 | 1 | | +| Upstream_VCI | 16 | 2 | | +| Upstream_Parameters | | 1 | | +| MAC_Flag_Set | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Upstream_Rate | 3 | | 2..0:{enum} | +| } | | | | + +**Upstream\_Frequency** is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the channel assigned to the connection. The unit of measure is in Hz. + +**Upstream\_VPI** is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the ATM Virtual Path Identifier that is used for upstream transmission over the Dynamic Connection. + +**Upstream\_VCI** is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the ATM Virtual Channel Identifier that is used for upstream transmission over the Dynamic Connection. + +**MAC\_Flag\_Set** is an 5 bit field representing the MAC Flag set assigned to the connection. In the OOB downstream SL-ESF frame payload structure, each set of three bytes, denoted by Rxa-Rxc, comprise a flag set. These eight flag sets are assigned the numbers 0..7. In the case of a 3.088 Mbit/s upstream channel, two successive flag sets are required to define a 3 ms period. In this case, this parameter represents the first of two successively assigned flag sets. In the case of a 3.088 Mbit/s OOB downstream, two successive SL-ESF frames define the 3 ms interval. The Rxa-Rxc bytes of the first frame represent flag sets 0..7 while the Rxa-Rxc bytes of the second frame represent flag sets 8..15. + +| | | +|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| enum Upstream_Rate         { | Upstream_256K,
Upstream_1.544M,
Upstream_3.088M,
Reserved 3..7 }; | +|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| + +###### Number of Slots Defined + +**Number\_Slots\_Defined** is an 8-bit unsigned integer that represents the number of slot assignments contained in the message. The unit of measure is slots. + +###### Slot Number + +**Slot\_Number** is a 13-bit unsigned integer that represents the Contentionless based Slot Number assigned to the DHCT. + +###### Contentionless Start + +**Contentionless\_Start** is a 16-bit unsigned integer that represents the starting upstream slot within the contentionless access region that is assigned to the DHCT. The DHCT may use the next Frame\_Length slots of the contentionless access regions. + +###### Contentionless Distance + +**Contentionless\_Distance** is 16-bit unsigned integer that represents the distance in upstream slots between additional slots assigned to the DHCT. The DHCT is assigned all slots that are a multiple of Contentionless\_Distance from the Contentionless\_Start\_Slot within the contentionless access region. + +The DHCT may use the next Frame\_Length slots of the contentionless access regions from each of these additional slots. + +###### Number Cyclic Slots Defined + +Number\_Cyclic\_Slots Defined is a 16-bit unsigned integer that represents the number of slots assigned by the message. The unit of measure is in assigned slots. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.2 Connect Response Message + +The CONNECT RESPONSE MESSAGE is sent to the NMS from the DHCT in response to the CONNECT MESSAGE. The message shall be transmitted on the upstream frequency specified in the CONNECT MESSAGE. + +| Connect_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Connection_ID | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing a global connection Identifier for the DHCT Dynamic Connection. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.3 Connect Confirm Message + +The Connect Confirm message is sent from the NMS to the DHCT. Its usage is recommended when NMS validation of new connection is required. + +| Connect_Confirm_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|----------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Connection_ID | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing a global connection Identifier for the DHCT Dynamic Connection. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.4 Reservation Request Message + +| Reservation_Request_Message (){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|---------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Reservation_ID | 16 | 2 | | +| Reservation_Request_Slot_Count | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Reservation\_ID + +Reservation\_ID is a 16-bit unsigned number representing a locally assigned identifier for the connection. This is used as a short identifier by the DHCT to identify the appropriate Reservation\_Grant\_Messages. + +###### Reservation\_Request\_Slot\_Count + +Reservation\_Request\_Slot\_Count is an 8-bit unsigned number representing the number of slots requested by the DHCT. This is the number of sequential slots that will be allocated in the reservation region of the upstream channel. The NMS will respond with the Reservation\_Acknowledge\_Message granting the request. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.5 Reservation Grant Message + +The RESERVATION GRANT MESSAGE is used to indicate to the DHCT which slots have been allocated in response to the Reservation\_Request\_Message. The DHCT identifies its entry in the Reservation\_Grant\_Message by comparing the Reservation\_ID assigned to it by the Reservation\_ID\_Assignment\_Message and the entries in the Reservation\_Grant\_Message. + +The format of the message is given below. + +| Reservation_Grant_Message(){ | Bits | Mnemonic | +|----------------------------------|-----------|----------| +| Reference_Slot | 16 | uimsbf | +| Number_Grants | 8 | uimsbf | +| for (i=1;i<=Number_Grants;i++) { | | | +| Reservation_ID | 16 | uimsbf | +| Grant_Slot_Count | 4 | uimsbf | +| Remaining_Slot_Count | 5 | uimsbf | +| Grant_Control | 2 | uimsbf | +| Grant_Slot_Offset | 5 | uimsbf | +| } | | | +| } | | | + +###### Reference\_slot + +Reference\_slot is a 16-bit unsigned number indicating the reference point for the remaining parameters of this message. This represents a physical slot of the upstream channel. Since the upstream and downstream slots are not aligned, the NMS shall send this message in a downstream slot such that it is received by the DHCT before the Reference\_Slot exists on the upstream channel. + +###### Number\_grants + +Number\_Grants is an 8-bit unsigned number representing the number of grants contained within this message. + +###### Reservation\_ID + +Reservation\_ID is a 16-bit unsigned number representing a locally assigned identifier for the connection. This is used as a short identifier by the DHCT to identify the appropriate Reservation\_Grant messages. + +###### Grant\_Slot\_Count + +Grant\_Slot\_Count is a 4-bit unsigned number representing the number of sequential slots currently granted for the upstream burst. Upon receipt of this message the DHCT is assigned Grant\_Slot\_Count sequential slots in the reservation access region of the upstream channel starting at the position indicated by the Reference\_Slot and Grant\_Slot\_Offset values. A value of zero indicates that no slots are being granted. This would typically be the case in a response to a Reservation\_Status\_Request\_Message. + +###### Remaining\_Slot\_Count + +Remaining\_Slot\_Count is a 5-bit unsigned number representing the remaining slots to be granted by the NMS with subsequent grant messages. A value of 0x1F indicates that 31 or more slots will be made available in the future. A value of 0x0 indicates that no additional slots will be granted in the future and that the slots granted in this message represent the only remaining slots available for the connection. The DHCT should monitor this count to determine if sufficient slots remain to satisfy current needs. Should additional slots be required because of lost grant messages or additional demand, additional slots should be requested using the Reservation\_Request message. Additional Reservation\_Request\_Messages shall be sent only when the Remaining\_Slot\_Count is less than 15. To minimize contention on the upstream channel, the Reservation\_Request\_Message may be sent in one of the slots granted by the Reservation\_Grant\_Message. + +###### Grant\_Control + +Grant\_Control is a 2-bit unsigned number coded as 0 (reserved for future use). + +###### Grant\_Slot\_Offset + +Grant\_Slot\_Offset is a 5-bit unsigned integer representing the starting slot to be used for the upstream burst. This number is added to the Reference\_Slot to determine the actual physical slot. Upon receipt of this message the DHCT is assigned Grant\_Slot\_Count sequential slots in the reservation access region of the upstream channel. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.6 Reservation ID Assignment Message + +The Reservation ID Assignment Message is used to assign the DHCT a Reservation\_ID. The DHCT identifies its entry in the Reservation\_Grant\_Message by comparing the Reservation\_ID assigned to it by the Reservation\_ID\_Assignment\_Message and the entries in the Reservation\_Grant\_Message. + +The format of the message is given below. + +| Reservation_ID_Assignment_Message (){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|---------------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Connection_ID | 32 | 4 | | +| Reservation_ID | 16 | 2 | | +| Grant_Protocol_Timeout | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing a global connection identifier for the DHCT Dynamic Connection. + +###### Reservation\_ID + +Reservation\_ID is a 16-bit unsigned number representing a locally assigned identifier for the connection. This is used as a short identifier by the DHCT to identify the appropriate Reservation\_Grant\_Messages. + +###### Grant\_Protocol\_Timeout + +Grant\_Protocol\_Timeout is a 16-bit unsigned number representing the time in milliseconds that the DHCT should wait before verifying the status of pending grants. This parameter specifies the time that the DHCT should wait after sending the Reservation\_Request Message or after receiving the last Reservation\_Grant\_Message, with an entry addressed to the DHCT containing a non-zero Remaining\_slot\_count, before initiating a reservation status request. If the DHCT has pending grants and the timeout occurs, it should send the Reservation\_Status\_Request\_Message to the NMS. The NMS will respond with the Reservation\_Grant\_Message (probably without granting any slots) to inform the DHCT of any remaining slots left to be granted. This allows the DHCT to correct any problems should they exist such as issuing an additional request for slots or waiting patiently for additional grants. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.7 Reservation ID Response Message + +The Reservation ID Response Message is used to acknowledge the receipt of the Reservation\_ID\_Assignment message. + +The format of the message is given below. + +| Reservation_ID_Response_Message (){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-------------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Connection_ID | 32 | 4 | | +| Reservation_ID | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing a global connection identifier for the DHCT Dynamic Connection. + +###### Reservation\_ID + +Reservation\_ID is a 16-bit unsigned number representing a locally assigned identifier for the connection. This is used as a short identifier by the DHCT to identify the appropriate Reservation\_Grant\_Messages. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.8 Reservation Status Request + +The RESERVATION STATUS REQUEST Message is used to determine the status of the outstanding grants to be assigned by the NMS. This message is only sent after the Grant protocol timeout is exceeded. The NMS will respond with the Reservation\_Grant\_Message (possibly without granting any slots) to inform the DHCT of any remaining slots left to be granted. This allows the DHCT to correct any problems should they exist such as issuing an additional request for slots or waiting patiently for additional grants. + +The format of the message is given below. + +| Reservation_Status_Request_Message (){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|----------------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Reservation_ID | 16 | 2 | | +| Remaining_Request_Slot_Count | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Reservation\_ID + +Reservation\_ID is a 16-bit unsigned number representing a locally assigned identifier for the connection. This is used as a short identifier by the DHCT to identify the appropriate Reservation\_Grant\_Messages. + +###### Remaining\_Request\_Slot\_Count + +Remaining\_Request\_Slot\_Count is an 8-bit unsigned number representing the number of slots that the DHCT is expecting to be granted. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.9 Release Message + +The Release Message is sent from the NMS to the DHCT to terminate a previously established connection. + +| Release_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Number_of_Connections
for(i=0;ii++){ | 8 | 1 | | +| Connection_ID
}
} | 32 | 4 | | + +###### Number\_of\_Connections + +Number\_of\_Connections is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the number of Connection Identifiers listed in the Release Message. + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing a global connection Identifier for the DHCT Dynamic Connection. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.10 Release Response Message + +The RELEASE RESPONSE MESSAGE is sent by the DHCT to the NMS to acknowledge the release of a connection. The format of the message is given below. + +| Release_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-----------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Connection_ID
} | 32 | 4 | | + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the global connection Identifier used by the DHCT for this connection. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.2.11 Idle Message + +The Idle Message is sent by the DHCT within the DHCT to the NMS at predefined intervals when upstream connection buffers are empty. + +| Idle_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------|----------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Idle_Sequence_Count | 8 | 1 | +| Power_Control_Setting | 8 | 1 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Idle Sequence Count + +`Idle_Sequence_Count` is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the count of IDLE MESSAGES transmitted while the DHCT is Idle. + +###### Power Control Setting + +`Power_Control_Setting` is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the absolute power attenuation that the DHCT is using for upstream transmission. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.3 Link management messages + +###### B.2.3.4.4.3.1 Transmission Control Message + +The TRANSMISSION CONTROL MESSAGE is sent to the DHCT from the NMS to control several aspects of the upstream transmission. This includes stopping upstream transmission, re-enabling transmission from a DHCT or group of DHCTs and rapidly changing the upstream frequency being used by a DHCT or group of DHCTs. To identify a group of DHCTs for switching frequencies, the TRANSMISSION CONTROL MESSAGE is sent in broadcast mode with the `Old_Frequency` included in the message. When broadcast with the `Old_Frequency`, the DHCT shall compare its current frequency value to `Old_Frequency`. When equal, the DHCT shall switch to the new frequency specified in the message. When not equal, the DHCT shall ignore the new frequency and remain on its current channel. + +| Transmission_Control_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------|----------------------------| +| | Transmission_Control_Field | 1 | | +| Reserved | 3 | | 7..5 | +| Stop_Upstream_Transmission | 1 | | 4:{no, yes} | +| Start_Upstream_Transmission | 1 | | 3:{no, yes} | +| Old_Frequency_Included | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Switch_Downstream_OOB_Frequency | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Switch_Upstream_Frequency | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| if (Transmission_Control_Field ==
Switch_Upstream_Frequency &&
Old_Frequency_Included) { | | | | +| Old_Upstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Transmission_Control_Field ==
Switch_Upstream_Frequency) { | | | | +| New_Upstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| New_Upstream_Parameters | | 2 | | +| New_Upstream_Channel_Number | 3 | | 7..5 | +| Reserved | 2 | | 4..3 | +| Upstream_Rate | 3 | | 2..0:{enum} | +| MAC_Flag_Set | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Reserved | 3 | | 2..0 | +| } | | | | +| if (Transmission_Control_Field ==
Switch_Downstream_OOB_Frequency &&
Old_Frequency_Included) { | | | | + +| | | | | +|-------------------------------------|-----------|----------|--------| +| Old_Downstream_OOB_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | +| if (Transmission_Control_Field == | | | | +| Switch_Downstream_OOB_Frequency) { | | | | +| New_Downstream_OOB_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Downstream_Type | 8 | 1 | {enum} | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### Transmission Control Field + +Transmission\_Control\_Field specifies the control being asserted on the channel. + +It consists of the following subfields: + +Stop\_Upstream\_Transmission is a Boolean, when set indicates that the DHCT should halt its upstream transmission. + +Old\_Frequency\_Included is a Boolean, when set indicates that the Old Frequency value is included in the message and should be used to determine if a switch in frequency is necessary. + +Start\_Upstream\_Transmission is a Boolean, when set indicates that the Network Interface Module should resume transmission on it upstream channel. The DHCT shall respond to the ranging and power calibration message regardless of the setting of the Start\_Upstream\_Transmission bit. + +Switch\_Upstream\_Frequency is a Boolean when set indicates that a new upstream frequency is included in the message. Typically, the Switch\_Upstream\_Frequency and the Stop\_Upstream\_Transmission are set simultaneously to allow the DHCT to stop transmission and change channel. This would be followed by the TRANSMISSION CONTROL MESSAGE with the start\_upstream\_transmission bit set. + +Switch\_Downstream\_OOB\_Frequency is a Boolean when set indicates that a new downstream OOB frequency is included in the message. + +###### Old Upstream Frequency + +Old\_Upstream\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the frequency that should be used by the DHCT to compare with its current frequency to determine if a change in channel is required. + +###### New Upstream Frequency + +New\_Upstream\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the reassigned upstream carrier centre frequency. The unit of measure is Hz. + +###### New Upstream Channel Number + +New\_Upstream\_Channel\_Number is a 3-bit unsigned integer that provides an identifier for the upstream channel. + +###### Upstream Rate + +Upstream\_Rate is an 3-bit enumerated type indicating the data rate for the upstream connection. + +| | | +|----------------------|------------------| +| enum Upstream_Rate { | Upstream_256K, | +| | Upstream_1.544M, | +| | Upstream_3.088M, | +| | Reserved 3..7 }; | + +###### MAC\_Flag\_Set + +MAC\_Flag\_Set is a 5-bit field representing the MAC Flag set assigned to the connection. In the OOB downstream SL-ESF frame payload structure, each set of three bytes, denoted by Rxa-Rxc, comprise a flag set. These eight flag sets are assigned the numbers 0..7. In the case of a 3.088 Mbit/s upstream channel, two successive flag sets are required to define a 3 ms period. In this case, this parameter represents the first of two successively assigned flag sets. In the case of a 3.088 Mbit/s OOB downstream, two successive SL-ESF frames define the 3 ms interval. The Rxa-Rxc bytes of the first frame represent flag sets 0..7 while the Rxa-Rxc bytes of the second frame represent flag sets 8..15. + +###### Old Downstream OOB Frequency + +Old\_Downstream\_OOB\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the frequency that should be used by the DHCT to compare with its current frequency to determine if a change in channel is required. + +###### New Downstream OOB Frequency + +New\_Downstream\_OOB\_Frequency is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the reassigned downstream OOB carrier centre frequency. The unit of measure is Hz. + +###### Downstream\_Type + +Downstream\_Type is an 8-bit enumerated type indicating the modulation format for the downstream connection. + +``` +enum Downstream_Type { + Reserved, + QPSK_1.544, + QPSK_3.088, + Reserved 3..255 }; +``` + +###### B.2.3.4.4.3.2 Reprovision Message + +The REPROVISION MESSAGE is sent by the NMS to the DHCT to reassign upstream resources (maintaining the originally requested QoS parameters at the establishment of the connection). This message is intended for channel maintenance by the NMS to redistribute or reassign resources allocated to a DHCT. + +| Reprovision_Message (){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|----------|----------------------------| +| Reprovision_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| Reserved | 2 | | 7..6 | +| New_Downstream_IB_Frequency | 1 | | 5:{no, yes} | +| New_Downstream_OOB_Frequency | 1 | | 4:{no, yes} | +| New_Upstream_Frequency_Included | 1 | | 3:{no, yes} | +| New_Frame_Length_Included | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| New_Cyclic_Assignment_Included | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| New_Slot_List_Included | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| if(Reprovision_Control_Field ==
New_Downstream_IB_Frequency) { | | | | +| New_Downstream_IB_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | +| if(Reprovision_Control_Field ==
New_Downstream_OOB_Frequency) { | | | | +| New_Downstream_OOB_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Downstream_Type | 8 | 1 | {enum} | + +| | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| }
if (Reprovision_Control_Field == New_Frequency_Included) {
New_Upstream_Frequency
New_Upstream_Parameters
New_Upstream_Channel_Number
Reserved
Upstream_Rate
MAC_Flag_Set
Reserved
}
if (Reprovision_Control_Field == New_Frame_Length_Included)
{
New_Frame_Length
}
if (Reprovision_Control_Field == New_Slot_List_Included
New_Cyclic_Assignment_Included) {
Number_of_Connections
}
for(i=0;iConnection_ID
if (Reprovision_Control_Field == New_Slot_List_Included)
{
Number_Slots_Defined
for(i=0;ii++){
Slot_Number
}
}
if (Reprovision_Control_Field ==
New_Cyclic_Assignment_Included) {
Contentionless_Start
Contentionless_Dist
Number_Cyclic_Slots_Defined
}
} |
32

3
2
3
5
3


16



8


32


8


13




16
16
16 |
4
2
7..5
4..3
2..0: {enum}
7..3
2..0


2



1


4


1


2




2
2
2 | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| + +**Reprovision Control Field** + +Reprovision\_Control\_Field specifies what modifications to upstream resources are included. + +It consists of the following subfields: + +- New\_Upstream\_OOB\_Frequency is a Boolean that indicates that a new downstream OOB frequency is specified in the message. +- New\_Upstream\_IB\_Frequency is a Boolean that indicates that a new downstream IB frequency is specified in the message. This field is reserved in order to maintain compatibility with DAVIC. +- New\_Upstream\_Frequency\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that a new upstream frequency is specified in the message. +- New\_Frame\_Length\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that a new upstream frame is specified in the message. +- New\_Slot\_List\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that a new slot list is specified in the message. +- New\_Cyclical\_Assignment\_Included is a Boolean that indicates that a new cyclical assignment is specified in the message. + +92 ITU-T J.184 (03/2001) + +###### New Downstream IB Frequency + +`New_Downstream_IB_Frequency` is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the reassigned downstream IB carrier centre frequency. The unit of measure is Hz. This field is not expected to be used but is reserved for compatibility with DAVIC. + +###### New Downstream OOB Frequency + +`New_Downstream_OOB_Frequency` is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the reassigned downstream OOB carrier centre frequency. The unit of measure is Hz. + +###### Downstream\_Type + +`Downstream_Type` is an 8-bit enumerated type indicating the modulation format for the downstream connection. + +``` +enum Downstream_Type { Reserved, + QPSK_1.544, + QPSK_3.088, + Reserved 3..255 }; +``` + +###### New Upstream Frequency + +`New_Upstream_Frequency` is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the reassigned upstream carrier centre frequency. The unit of measure is Hz. + +###### New Upstream Channel Number + +`New_Upstream_Channel_Number` is a 3-bit unsigned integer that provides an identifier for the upstream channel. + +###### Upstream Rate + +`Upstream_Rate` is a 3-bit enumerated type indicating the data rate for the upstream connection. + +``` +enum Upstream_Rate { Upstream_256K, + Upstream_1.544M, + Upstream_3.088M, + Reserved 3..7 }; +``` + +###### MAC\_Flag\_Set + +`MAC_Flag_Set` is a 5-bit field representing the MAC Flag set assigned to the connection. + +###### New Frame Length + +`New_Frame_Length` is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the size of the reassigned upstream Contentionless based frame. The unit of measure is in slots. + +###### Number of Slots Defined + +`Number_Slots_Defined` is an 8-bit unsigned integer that represents the number of slot assignments contained in the message. The unit of measure is slots. + +###### Slot Number + +`Slot_Number` is a 13-bit unsigned integer that represents the Contentionless based Slot Number assigned to the Network Interface Module. + +###### Contentionless Start + +Contentionless\_Start is a 16-bit unsigned integer that represents the starting upstream slot within the contentionless access region that is assigned to DHCT. The DHCT may use the next Frame\_Length slots of the contentionless access regions. + +###### Contentionless Distance + +Contentionless\_Distance is a 16-bit unsigned integer that represents the distance in upstream slots between additional slots assigned to the DHCT. The DHCT is assigned all slots that are a multiple of Contentionless\_Distance from the Contentionless\_Start\_Slot within the contentionless access region. The DHCT may use the next Frame\_Length slots of the contentionless access regions from each of these additional slots. + +###### Number Cyclic Slots Defined + +Number\_Cyclic\_Slots\_Defined is a 16-bit unsigned integer that represents the number of slots assigned by the message. The unit of measure is in assigned slots. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.3.3 Link Management Response Message + +The LINK MANAGEMENT RESPONSE MESSAGE is sent by the DHCT to the NMS to indicate reception and processing of the previously sent Link Management Message. The format of the message is shown below. + +| Link_Management_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|-------------------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Link_Management_Msg_Number | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | + +###### Link Management Message Number + +Link\_Management\_Msg\_Number is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the previously received link management message. The valid values for Link\_Management\_Msg\_Number are: + +| Message Name | Link_Management_Msg_Number | +|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| Transmission Control Message | Transmission Control Message Type Value | +| Reprovision Message | Reprovision Message Type Value | + +###### B.2.3.4.4.3.4 Status Request Message + +The STATUS REQUEST message is sent by the NMS to the DHCT to retrieve information about the DHCTs health, connection information and error states. The NMS can request either the address parameters, error information, connection parameters or physical layer parameters from the DHCT. The NMS can only request one parameter type at a time to a particular DHCT. + +| Status_Request_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|---------------------------|------|-------|----------------------------| +| Status_Control_Field | | 1 | | +| Reserved | 5 | | 7..3 | +| Status_Type | 3 | | 2..0:{enum} | +| } | | | | + +###### Status Control Field + +Status\_Control\_Field is a 3-bit enumerated type that indicates the status information the DHCT should return. + +``` +enum Status_Control_Field { + Address_Params, + Error_Params, + Connection_Params, + Physical_Layer_Params, + Reserved 4..7 }; + +``` + +###### B.2.3.4.4.3.5 Status Response Message + +The STATUS RESPONSE MESSAGE is sent by the DHCT in response to the STATUS REQUEST MESSAGE issued by the NMS. The contents of the information provided in this message will vary depending on the request made by the NMS and the state of the DHCT. + +| Status_Response_Message(){ | Bits | Bytes | Bit Number/
Description | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|-----------|----------------------------| +| DHCT_Status | | 4 | | +| Reserved | 29 | | 31..3 | +| Network_Address Registered | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Default_Connection_Established | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Calibration_Operation Complete | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| Response_Fields_Included | | 1 | | +| Reserved | 4 | | 7..4 | +| Address_Params_Included | 1 | | 3:{no, yes} | +| Error_Information_Included | 1 | | 2:{no, yes} | +| Connection_Params_Included | 1 | | 1:{no, yes} | +| Physical_Layer_Params_Included | 1 | | 0:{no, yes} | +| if(Response_Fields_Included ==
Address_Params_Included) { | | | | +| NSAP_Address | 160 | 20 | | +| MAC_Address | 48 | 6 | | +| } | | | | +| if(Response_Fields_Included ==
Error_Information_Included) { | | | | +| Number_Error_Codes_Included | 8 | 1 | | +| for(i=0;
iError_Param_Code | 8 | 1 | | +| Error_Param_Value | 16 | 2 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | +| if(Response_Fields_Included ==
Connection_Params_Included) { | | | | +| Number_of_Connections | 8 | 1 | | +| for(i=0;
iConnection_ID | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | +| if(Response_Fields_Included ==
Physical_Layer_Params_Included) { | | | | +| Power_Control_Setting | 8 | 1 | | +| Time_Offset_Value | 16 | 2 | | + +| | | | | +|-----------------------------|-----------|----------|--| +| Upstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| Downstream_Frequency | 32 | 4 | | +| } | | | | +| } | | | | + +###### DHCT Status + +DHCT\_Status is a 32-bit field that indicates the current state of the DHCT. It contains the following subfields: + +- Network\_Address\_Registered indicates that the Network Interface Module has registered its Network Address with the Application Module. +- Default\_Connection\_Established indicates that the Network Interface Module has been assigned Default Connection parameters. +- Calibration\_Operation\_Complete indicates that the Network Interface Module has been successfully calibrated. + +###### Response Fields Included + +Response\_Fields\_Included is an 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates what parameters are contained in the upstream status response. + +###### NSAP Address + +NSAP\_Address is a 20-byte address assigned to the DHCT. + +###### MAC Address + +MAC\_Address is a 6-byte address assigned to the DHCT. + +###### Number of Error Codes Included + +Number\_Error\_Codes\_Included is an 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of error codes contained in the response. + +###### Error Param Code + +Error\_Param\_Code is an 8-bit enumerated type representing the type of error reported by the DHCT. + +| | | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| enum Error_Param_Code        { | Framing_Bit_Error_Count, | +| | Slot_Configuration_CRC_Error_Count, | +| | Reed_Solomon_Error_Count, | +| | ATM_Packet_Loss_Count | +| | Reserved        4..255 }; | + +###### Error Param Value + +Error\_Param\_Value is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing error counts detected by the DHCT. + +###### Number of Connections + +Number\_of\_Connections is an 8-bit unsigned integer that indicates the number of connections that are specified in the response. + +###### Connection ID + +Connection\_ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the global connection Identifier used by the DHCT for this connection. + +###### Power Control Setting + +`Power_Control_Setting` is an 8-bit unsigned integer representing the actual power used by the DHCT for upstream transmission. Unit of measure is 0.5 dB $\mu$ V. + +###### Time Offset Value + +`Time_Offset_Value` is a 16-bit signed integer representing a relative offset of the upstream transmission timing. A negative value indicates an adjustment forward in time. A positive value indicates an adjustment back in time. The unit of measure is 100 ns. + +###### Upstream Frequency + +`Upstream_Frequency` is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the channel assigned to the connection. The unit of measure is in Hz. + +###### Downstream Frequency + +`Downstream_Frequency` is a 32-bit unsigned integer representing the Frequency where the connection resides. The unit of measure is in Hz. + +###### B.2.3.4.4.4 MAC message timeouts + +The minimum time that the NMS will wait for a response from the DHCT varies with the message type as follows in Table B.2-7: + +**Table B.2-7/J.184 – MAC Message Timeouts** + +| Message | Timeout | +|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Ranging and Power Calibration Response Message | 2 seconds | +| Connect Response Message | 10 seconds | +| Reservation ID Response Message | None | +| Release Message | 10 seconds (1 retry) | +| Transmission Control Message | 10 seconds (no retries) | +| Status Response Message | 2 × Idle period | + +The modulator expects to receive Idle messages from each settop periodically, according to the Idle period provided in the NMS provisioning parameter screen. The QPSK modulator will wait 2 idle periods before sending a Status Request message. The control field of the Status Request Message will indicate a request for connection parameters. If the settop does not send a response after 3 Status Request Messages, all of its connections are released at the modulator. Additionally, if the settop sends back connection parameters that contain connection IDs the modulator did not assign, a Release message is sent to release the connection(s). + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure and Internet protocol aspects | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.186-200806-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.186-200806-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..547b4dd415faa5a7dbc914c401e4404c74455ccb --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.186-200806-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,858 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.186** + +(06/2008) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals + +--- + +**Transmission equipment for multi-channel +television signals over optical access networks +by sub-carrier multiplexing (SCM)** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.186 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.186** + +# **Transmission equipment for multi-channel television signals over optical access networks by sub-carrier multiplexing (SCM)** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.186 describes a transmission method for multi-channel television signals over optical access networks. J.186 transmission equipment is capable of transmitting multi-channel AM-VSB, and digital video signals by using sub-carrier multiplexing (SCM). + +###### **Source** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.186 was approved on 13 June 2008 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2009 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 Normative References ..... | 1 | +| 2.2 Informative References ..... | 2 | +| 3 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 Symbols ..... | 4 | +| 3.2 Conventions..... | 4 | +| 4 System description..... | 4 | +| 5 Performance of analogue and/or digital video transmission system ..... | 5 | +| 5.1 Specified transmission quality for analogue video signal ..... | 5 | +| 5.2 Specified transmission quality for digital video signal ..... | 5 | +| Annex A – Optical Systems for Broadcast Signal Transmission: system A ..... | 7 | +| A.1 System description..... | 7 | +| A.2 Transmitter (TX) ..... | 9 | +| A.3 AMP/BRC ..... | 11 | +| A.4 Optical network terminal for video signals (V-ONT) ..... | 12 | +| Annex B – SCM transmission equipment: system B..... | 14 | +| B.1 System description..... | 14 | +| B.2 Transmitter (TX) ..... | 16 | +| B.3 Amplifier and branch unit (AMP/BRC) ..... | 17 | +| B.4 Optical network terminal for video signals (V-ONT) ..... | 19 | +| Appendix I – Modulation index and minimum received optical power ..... | 21 | + +# **Introduction** + +For an undetermined period before digital transmission fully replaces analogue transmission, it will be necessary for optical access networks to carry both formats. Digital signals should be transmitted using Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM) in addition to analogue signals in order to assure an effective transition from analogue to digital transmission. + +# Transmission equipment for multi-channel television signals over optical access networks by sub-carrier multiplexing (SCM) + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes a method of transmitting multi-channel television signals over optical access networks through the use of Sub-Carrier Multiplexing (SCM). + +In the SCM technique, the main carrier is the optical frequency signal carrier; the sub-carriers transfer the electrically multiplexed FDM video signals in the optical sideband. The format of the signals output by the Photo Detector (PD) of the Optical Network Terminal (ONT) is the same as that of the signals input to the modulator of the optical transmitter. The SCM method is used in the trunk line of Hybrid Fibre-Coax (HFC) systems. + +The system described in this Recommendation transmits FDM analogue AM-VSB and digital video signals by SCM technology. The optical modulation format is Intensity Modulation (IM). + +Optical amplifiers are used to compensate the losses of the optical transmission/splitters used to create the access network. Dispersion compensation fibres (DCF) are used to compensate the chromatic dispersion of access network fibres. DCF imposes the reverse chromatic dispersion in advance in order to offset the degradation due to CSO created by the transmission of 1.55 µm optical signals over 1.3 µm zero-dispersion access fibres. + +SCM technology is simple, and is based on an electrical/optical (E/O) converter and optical amplifiers in the transmitter side, and an optical/electrical (O/E) converter in the receiver side. However, the allowable optical transmission/splitter loss is smaller than that in the FM converted system. Moreover, optical reflections in the transmission lines may degrade video quality. + +This system can be integrated with the G.983 series B-PON system by using G.983.3 WDM technology, with the G.984 series G-PON system by using G.984.5 WDM technology, and with the IEEE 802.3ah EPON systems. This allows the PON system to offer broadcast services and also data and voice communication services over the same optical access network. By using the bidirectional data PON system, upstream signals, e.g., control functionality and data to indicate user requirements, can be transmitted as well. + +NOTE – The structure and content of this Recommendation have been organized for ease of use by those familiar with the original source material; as such, the usual style of ITU-T recommendations has not been applied. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [1] Recommendation ITU-T J.83 (2007), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution.* +- [2] Recommendation ITU-T J.87 (2001), *Use of hybrid cable television links for the secondary distribution of television into the user's premises.* +- [3] ANSI/SCTE 85-1 (2003), *HMS HE Optics Management Information Base (MIB) Part 1: SCTE-HMS-HE-OPTICAL TRANSMITTER MIB.* +- [4] ANSI/SCTE 85-2 (2003), *HMS HE Optics Management Information Base (MIB) Part 2: SCTE-HMS-HE-OPTICAL RECEIVER-MIB.* +- [5] ANSI/SCTE 85-3 (2004), *HMS HE Inside Plant Management Information Base (MIB) SCTE-HMS-HE-OPTICAL-AMPLIFIER-MIB.* +- [6] Recommendation ITU-T G.984.4 (2008), *Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (G-PON): ONT management and control interface specification.* +- [7] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1306-3 (2006), *Error-correction, data framing, modulation and emission methods for digital terrestrial television broadcasting.* +- [8] Recommendation ITU-R BO.1408-1 (2002), *Transmission system for advanced multimedia services provided by integrated services digital broadcasting in a broadcasting-satellite channel.* +- [9] IEC 60728-1 (2007), *Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services-Part 1; System performance of forward paths.* + +## 2.2 Informative References + +- Recommendation ITU-T G.983.1 (2005), *Broadband optical access systems based on Passive Optical Networks (PON).* +- Recommendation ITU-T G.983.3 (2001), *A broadband optical access system with increased service capability by wavelength allocation; Amendment 2 (2005).* +- Recommendation ITU-T G.984.1 (2008), *Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): General characteristics.* +- Recommendation ITU-T G.984.2 (2003), *Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): Physical Media Dependent (PMD) layer specification; Amendment 1 (2006).* +- Recommendation ITU-T G.984.3 (2008), *Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): Transmission convergence layer specification.* +- Recommendation ITU-T G.984.5 (2007), *Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): Enhancement band.* +- IEEE Standard 802.3 (2005), *Information technology – Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems – Local and metropolitan area networks – Specific Requirements – Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications.* + +# 3 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------| +| AGC | Automatic Gain Controller | +| ALC | Automatic Level Controller | +| AM-VSB | Amplitude Modulation Vestigial Sideband | + +| | | +|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| AMP/BRC-U | Amplifier and Branch Unit | +| A-RA | Receiver Amplifier for Analogue video transmission | +| A-TA | Transmitter Amplifier for Analogue video transmission | +| CNR | Carrier-to-Noise Ratio | +| CSO | Composite Second Order distortion | +| CTB | Composite Triple Beat distortion | +| D/U | Desired-to-Undesired distortion ratio | +| DCF | Dispersion Compensation Fibre | +| DI | Discrete Interference | +| D-RA | Receiver Amplifier for Digital video transmission | +| D-TA | Transmitter Amplifier for Digital video transmission | +| E/O | Electrical to Optical | +| FDM | Frequency-Division Multiplexing | +| HE | Head End | +| HFC | Hybrid Fibre Coax | +| IM | Intensity Modulation | +| ISDB-T | Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting for Terrestrial | +| LE | Line Extender | +| O/E | Optical to Electrical | +| ONT | Optical Network Terminal | +| PD | Photo Detector | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| QPSK | Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying | +| RA | Receiver Amplifier | +| RIN | Relative Intensity Noise | +| SCM | Sub-Carrier Multiplexing | +| SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| TA | Transmitter Amplifier | +| TC8PSK | Trellis Coded 8-Phase Shift Keying | +| TX | Transmitter | +| V-OLT | Optical Line Terminal for Video signals | +| V-ONT | Optical Network Terminal for Video signals | +| VSWR | Voltage Standing Wave Ratio | +| WDM | Wavelength-Division Multiplexing | +| XM | Cross Modulation distortion | + +## 3.1 Symbols + +This Recommendation uses the following symbols: + +$N$ Total number of FDM carriers + +$m_j$ Intensity modulation index of the $j$ th carrier + +## 3.2 Conventions + +If this Recommendation is implemented, the key words "MUST" and "SHALL" as well as "REQUIRED" are to be interpreted as indicating a mandatory aspect of this Recommendation. + +The keywords indicating a certain level of significance of particular requirements which are used throughout this Recommendation are summarized below. + +| | | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| "MUST" | This word or the adjective "REQUIRED" means that the item is an absolute requirement of this Recommendation. | +| "MUST NOT" | This phrase means that the item is an absolute prohibition of this Recommendation. | +| "SHOULD" | This word or the adjective "RECOMMENDED" means that there may be valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore this item, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before choosing a different course. | +| "SHOULD NOT" | This phrase means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the listed behavior is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before implementing any behavior described with this label. | +| "MAY" | This word or the adjective "OPTIONAL" means that this item is truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item because a particular marketplace requires it or because it enhances the product, for example; another vendor may omit the same item. | + +# 4 System description + +![Figure 1: System description of the SCM multi-channel video signal transmission system. A block diagram showing the flow from Main HE* through a Trunk line to a Digital or analogue transport* oval, then to Sub HE*, V-OLT, and finally via an Access line to V-ONT.](54fabc351eda5228d2fa28cd9ba07971_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR + A[Main HE*] -- Trunk line --- B((Digital or +analogue transport*)) + B --- C[Sub HE*] + C --- D[V-OLT] + D -- Access line --- E[V-ONT] + subgraph J.186(08)_F01 + E + end +``` + +Figure 1: System description of the SCM multi-channel video signal transmission system. A block diagram showing the flow from Main HE\* through a Trunk line to a Digital or analogue transport\* oval, then to Sub HE\*, V-OLT, and finally via an Access line to V-ONT. + +\* Is out of scope + +**Figure 1 – System description of the SCM multi-channel +video signal transmission system** + +Figure 1 is a system description of multi-channel television signals transmission using Sub-Carrier Multiplexing (SCM). To minimize the deterioration in video signal quality, this system was optimized in two steps: trunk line transmission and access network transmission. The trunk line transmission system consists of digitally encoded signals transmission or analogue signal transmission. In the second step, all video signals (both analogue and digital modulation formats) are mixed in the V-OLT, and then transmitted from the V-OLT to the V-ONT across the access network. + +# 5 Performance of analogue and/or digital video transmission system + +## 5.1 Specified transmission quality for analogue video signal + +Table 1 shows specified transmission quality for the AM-VSB analogue video signal. The carrier power of the analogue video signal is measured as the peak envelope power. + +**Table 1 – Specified transmission quality for analogue video signal** + +| TV system | M-system
NTSC | | B, G-system
PAL | L-system
SECAM | +|-----------------|---------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------|-------------------| +| | North America | Other regions | | | +| Noise bandwidth | 4.0 MHz | 4.0 MHz | 4.75 MHz | 5.0 MHz | +| CNR | $\geq 46$ dB
(Note 1) | $\geq 43$ dB
(Note 2) | $\geq 44$ dB | $\geq 44$ dB | +| CSO | $\leq -53$ dB | $\leq -53$ dB | $\leq -52$ dB | $\leq -52$ dB | +| CTB | $\leq -53$ dB
(Note 1) | $\leq -54$ dB
(Note 2) | $\leq -52$ dB | $\leq -52$ dB | +| XM | $\leq -46$ dB | $\leq -46$ dB | $\leq -46$ dB | $\leq -46$ dB | +| DI | $\leq -60$ dB
(Note 1) | $\leq -57$ dB
(Note 2) | Not specified | Not specified | + +NOTE 1 – North America commonly used value. +NOTE 2 – Refer to [9]. + +## 5.2 Specified transmission quality for digital video signal + +Table 2 shows specified transmission quality for the digital video signal. + +**Table 2 – Specified transmission quality for digital (xQAM) video signal** + +| | 64-QAM signal | | | 256-QAM signal | | +|--------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|---------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------| +| | Annex A/J.83 | Annex B/J.83 | Annex C/J.83 | Annex B/J.83 | Annex C/J.83 | +| Symbol Rate | Not specified | 5.057 Mbaud | 5.274 Mbaud | 5.36 Mbaud | 5.274 Mbaud | +| CNR (Note 4) | $\geq 27$ dB
(Notes 1, 2) | $\geq 27$ dB
(Notes 1, 2) | $\geq 26$ dB
(Note 2) | $\geq 40$ dB
(Notes 1, 2) | $\geq 34$ dB
(Notes 1, 2) | +| MER | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | $\geq 32$ dB (Note 1) | Not specified | +| CSO/CTB | Not specified | Not specified | $\leq -39$ dB
(Note 3) | $\leq -47$ dB
(Note 3) | $\leq -45$ dB
(Note 3) | +| Pre-FEC BER | Not specified | $1 \times 10^{-5}$ | Not specified | $1 \times 10^{-9}$ | Not specified | +| Post-FEC BER | Not specified | $1 \times 10^{-12}$ | Not specified | $1 \times 10^{-15}$ | Not specified | + +NOTE 1 – This value includes the simultaneous presence of all impairments in the 6-MHz channel bandwidth including composite distortion or other discrete interference. +NOTE 2 – The carrier power is measured as the average RMS signal power. +NOTE 3 – These undesired signals are caused by interference among AM-VSB channels. +NOTE 4 – Noise bandwidth is defined by symbol rate. + +**Table 3 – Specified transmission quality for digital video signal** + +| | TC8PSK signal (Note 5) | ISDB-T (Note 6) | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------| +| Noise bandwidth | 28.86 MHz | 5.6 MHz | +| CNR (Note 4) | $\geq 11$ dB (Notes 1, 2) | $\geq 24$ dB (Notes 1, 2) | +| CSO/CTB | Not specified | $\leq -45$ dB (Note 3) | +| NOTE 1 – This value includes the simultaneous presence of all impairments in the 6-MHz channel bandwidth including composite distortion or other discrete interference.
NOTE 2 – The carrier power is measured as the average RMS signal power.
NOTE 3 – These undesired signals are caused by interference among AM-VSB channels.
NOTE 4 – Noise bandwidth is defined by symbol rate.
NOTE 5 – Refer to [8].
NOTE 6 – Refer to [7]. | | | + +# Annex A + +## Optical Systems for Broadcast Signal Transmission: system A + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +### A.1 System description + +#### A.1.1 System configuration + +Figure A.1 is a block diagram of one configuration of the equipment needed by the optical access network to transmit multi-channel television signals by using Sub-Carrier Multiplexing (SCM). All video signals (both analogue and digital modulation formats) are mixed in the V-OLT, and then transmitted from the V-OLT to the V-ONT across the access network. The V-OLT is able to connect with the 2nd stage V-OLT, the 3rd stage V-OLT, and more. + +![Block diagram of the SCM multi-channel video signal transmission system (Figure A.1).](ddc7460821484f1ae2835c67955c554c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a multi-stage optical access network configuration for video signal transmission. At the top, a Home Equipment (HE) block is connected to a Transmitter (TX) block. The TX block is part of a Video Optical Line Terminal (V-OLT) unit. This V-OLT unit contains an 'Operation interface function' block connected to an 'SNMP manager' above it. Below the operation interface function are two 'AMP/BRC' (Amplifier/Bit Rate Converter) blocks. The first AMP/BRC block is connected to the TX block, and the second AMP/BRC block is connected to an 'Access line'. The access line connects to a Video Optical Network Terminal (V-ONT) block, which is further connected to a 'STB and TV set' block. Below the first V-OLT unit, there are two more identical V-OLT units, each with its own 'Operation interface function', 'SNMP manager', and 'AMP/BRC' block. These units are connected in a cascaded fashion: the 'Access line' from the first V-OLT connects to the 'AMP/BRC' block of the second V-OLT unit, and so on. Each V-OLT unit is connected to its own 'Access line', which in turn connects to its own 'V-ONT' block, which is connected to its own 'STB and TV set' block. The diagram shows three such stages. At the bottom right, the text 'J.186(08)\_FA.1' is present. + +Block diagram of the SCM multi-channel video signal transmission system (Figure A.1). + +Figure A.1 – One configuration of the SCM multi-channel video signal transmission system + +V-OLT consists of TX and cascaded Optical Amplifier and splitter unit (AMP/BRC), which amplify and branch the optical signal output by the TX. AMP/BRCS can be cascaded in several stages up to the specified RIN deterioration permitted. The operation interface function collects alarms from the whole system by Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and transmits them to the SNMP manager. Optical signals output from V-OLT are branched again by optical splitters and transmitted to V-ONTs through the optical access network. + +V-ONT converts the optical input signal into FDM multi-channel electrical video signals, and then amplifies those signals. The output signals from V-ONT are input to the user's TV set. + +The functions of each device are shown in Table A.1. + +**Table A.1 – Summary of functions of each device** + +| Device | Function | +|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| V-OLT
(TX, AMP/BRC) | The V-OLT converts FDM signals, analogue AM-VSB and digital video signals transmitted from HE to optical intensity modulation signal. The V-OLT then branches them to V-ONTs. | +| V-ONT | The V-ONT converts received optical signal to electrical FDM video signals. The V-ONT outputs them to set-top box (STB) and TV monitor. | + +#### A.1.2 Main characteristics + +Table A.2 shows the main characteristics of the SCM multi-channel video signals transmission system. + +**Table A.2 – Main characteristics of the SCM multi-channel video signals transmission system** + +| Item and parameter | Limit | Condition and meaning | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| Frequency of transmitted FDM video signals, $F_{tr}$ | $47 \leq F_{tr} \leq 2150$ MHz (Note 1) | | +| Relative intensity noise degradation due to optical fibre transmission from V-OLT to V-ONT | 70-770 MHz
$\leq -145$ dB/Hz
1000-2150 MHz (Note 2)
$\leq -140$ dB/Hz (Note 2) | | + +NOTE 1 – Frequency bands of transmitted FDM video signals, $47 \leq F_{tr} \leq 2150$ MHz, include regional CATV bands of 54 to 864 MHz for North America, 47 to 862 MHz for Europe, 90 to 770 MHz and 90 to 2150 MHz for Japan. +NOTE 2 – Optional. + +#### A.1.3 Total number of FDM carriers and their intensity modulation indexes + +The total number of carriers and their intensity modulation indexes must comply with the following formula. + +$$\sqrt{\sum_j^N m_j^2} \leq 0.33$$ + +where: + +$N$ Total number of FDM carriers + +$m_j$ Intensity modulation index of $j$ th carrier + +In general, each carrier type is set to a nominal modulation index that is uniform over that type. The modulation index of the QAM carriers is conventionally set to be 6-10 dB lower than the modulation index of the analog carriers. + +Additionally, some carriers may be given a modulation index that is somewhat higher than the nominal value, so that the delivered CNR for these carriers is kept above the service requirement. Typically, this includes the lowest frequency carriers (e.g., below 100 MHz), because this spectral region suffers from the Raman crosstalk and other impairments. + +### A.2 Transmitter (TX) + +#### A.2.1 Configuration of TX + +Figure A.2 shows a block diagram of a typical TX located in V-OLT. FDM analogue AM-VSB and digital video signals are directed into one or more RF input ports. SNMP management signals may also be input into the TX. These FDM signals are amplified and are mixed together with the optional pilot signal. The RF multiplexer may also implement an equalization function to provide groups of channels a different modulation index. These mixed FDM electrical signals are converted into an Intensity Modulated (IM) optical signal by the Electrical/Optical (E/O) converter. One very important feature of the E/O converter is the suppression of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering via frequency dithering of the optical signal. This optical signal is then optically amplified, if required. The amplified optical signal is branched at the optical splitter, if needed. The output optical signals from TX OUT are transmitted to AMP/BRC-Us located in V-OLT. + +![Block diagram of a Transmitter (TX) showing two parallel processing paths for RF and IF signals, an SNMP interface, and a power supply.](c67d21fb3d9042e88cdc669f071b4e7c_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + SNMP_M[SNMP manager] --> SNMP_I[SNMP interface] + + P1[Pilot generator optional] --> FDM1[Frequency division multiplex/equalizer] + RF_A[RF In A-FDM] --> FDM1 + RF_D[RF In D-FDM] --> FDM1 + + FDM1 --> OT1[Optical transmitter 1] + OT1 --> WDM[Wavelength division multiplex optional] + WDM --> SPL[Splitter optional] + SPL --> TX_OUT[Tx Out] + + P2[Pilot generator optional] --> FDM2[Frequency division multiplex/equalizer optional] + IF_PSK[IF x-PSK] --> FDM2 + + FDM2 --> OT2[Optical transmitter 2 optional] + OT2 --> ATT[Optical ATT optional] + ATT --> WDM + + PS[Power supply] --> FDM1 + PS --> OT1 + PS --> WDM + PS --> SPL + PS --> FDM2 + PS --> OT2 + PS --> ATT + + P1_IN[Power 1 In] --> PS + P2_IN[Power 2 In] --> PS + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the internal architecture of a Transmitter (TX). At the top, an 'SNMP manager' is connected to an 'SNMP interface' block. Below this, the TX contains two parallel signal processing paths. The top path takes 'Pilot generator (optional)', 'RF In (A-FDM)', and 'RF In (D-FDM)' as inputs into a 'Frequency division multiplex/equalizer' block. This is followed by 'Optical transmitter 1', 'Wavelength division multiplex (optional)', and 'Splitter (optional)', which leads to the 'Tx Out'. The bottom path takes 'Pilot generator (optional)' and 'IF (x-PSK)' as inputs into another 'Frequency division multiplex/equalizer (optional)' block, followed by 'Optical transmitter 2 (optional)' and 'Optical ATT (optional)'. Both optical paths converge into the 'Wavelength division multiplex (optional)' block. At the bottom, a 'Power supply' block receives 'Power 1 In' and 'Power 2 In' and is connected to the internal components. The label 'J.186(08)\_FA.2' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Block diagram of a Transmitter (TX) showing two parallel processing paths for RF and IF signals, an SNMP interface, and a power supply. + +**Figure A.2 – Block diagram of TX** + +The pilot signal can be used in order to make sure that the signal from TX is being transmitted to V-OLT and V-ONT successfully. Alternatively, total RF power can be used for these purposes, thereby eliminating the need for a pilot signal. + +A variety of signal monitoring ports is provided, including the RF inputs, the composite signal, and the optical output. + +The operations, administration and management interface function takes care of the OAM functions implemented by each function. Raw data and events from the functions are mapped into SNMP protocol frames for transmission to the management network. + +#### A.2.2 Characteristics of TX + +The main characteristics of TX are listed in Table A.3. + +**Table A.3 – Main characteristics of TX** + +| Item and parameter | | Limit | Condition | +|--------------------|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Electrical input | Reference level | Not specified | | +| Optical output | Output power level | $\geq 0$ dB(mW) | | +| | Output power tolerance | +2 dB/0 dB | | +| | Number of output ports | Not specified | | +| | Wavelength, $\lambda$ | $1555 \pm 5$ nm | ITU grid | +| | Composite optical modulation index | $\leq 33\%$ | | +| | Relative intensity noise, RIN | 70-770 MHz
$\leq -155$ dB/Hz
1000-2150 MHz
$\leq -150$ dB/Hz | RIN of optical output signal from TX without optical amplifier
Optional | +| | Dispersion Tolerance | 65 km G.652 fibre | | +| | SBS Tolerance | +16 dB(mW) | Launch into 65 km G.652 fibre | + +#### A.2.3 Operations, administration and management items of TX + +Alarm interface should be SNMP format. + +Alarm administration items, which should be observed by TX, are shown in Table A.4. + +**Table A.4 – Alarm administration items of TX** + +| Alarm administration item | Alarm occurrence condition | +|---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| RF signal input alarm | When the level of input video signal is abnormal | +| OPT output alarm | When optical output power level is abnormal | +| AGC alarm | When AGC level is abnormal | +| Power supply alarm | When an error is found in the power supply | + +### A.3 AMP/BRC + +#### A.3.1 Configuration of Optical AMP/BRC + +Figure A.3 shows a block diagram of the typical optical amplifier and optical splitter (AMP/BRC) unit. + +![Block diagram of AMP/BRC unit showing internal components and external connections.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the internal architecture of an AMP/BRC unit. An optical signal enters from the left, labeled 'From Tx or AMP/BRC', into a 'BASE-AMP' block. The output of the BASE-AMP is connected to a 'Dispersion compensation fibre (optional)' block. The output of this block is connected to a 'PLUS-AMP' block. The output of the PLUS-AMP is connected to an 'Optical splitter (optional)' block. The output of the Optical splitter is labeled 'Access line'. There are also outputs labeled 'To PLUS-AMP or next V-O LT', 'Next stage V-O LT', and 'Power supply'. The 'Power supply' block is connected to 'Power 1 In' and 'Power 2 In'. An 'SNMP interface' block is connected to an 'SNMP manager' at the top. The diagram is labeled 'J.186(08)\_FA.3' at the bottom right. + +Block diagram of AMP/BRC unit showing internal components and external connections. + +Figure A.3 – Block diagram of AMP/BRC + +The optical amplifier and splitter unit consists of cascaded optical amplifiers and optical splitters. It amplifies and branches the optical signal output by TX. + +The optical transmitters in TX usually consist of an external modulator. If the optical transmitter in TX consists of a directly modulated laser, the optical amplifier and splitter unit should also have dispersion compensation fibre and the optical branching function (DCF/Splitter). In this case, access lines are grouped according to their length, and each access line is connected to an appropriate DCF/splitter. Thus, the chromatic dispersion generated in each access line is less than the specified limit. + +If one or more optical outputs ports are not used for transmission, and the transmitter in TX uses direct modulation, they must be optically terminated. + +#### A.3.2 Main characteristics of Optical amplifier and splitter + +The main characteristics of the optical amplifier and splitter unit are shown in Table A.5. + +**Table A.5 – Main characteristics of optical amplifier and splitter** + +| Item and parameter | | Limit | Conditions | +|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| BASE AMP | Input/output optical signal wavelength, $\lambda$ | $1555 \pm 5$ nm | | +| | Input power | +0 dB(mW) | | +| | Output power | MAX +21.3 dB(mW) (Note) | Input power is +0 dB(mW) | +| | NF | 6.5 dB | Input power is +0 dB(mW) | +| | Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -149$ dB/Hz | Input power is +0 dB(mW) | +| | Number of output ports | Not specified | | +| PLUS AMP | Input/output optical signal wavelength, $\lambda$ | $1555 \pm 5$ nm | | +| | Input power | +10 dB(mW) | | +| | Output power | MAX +21.3 dB(mW) (Note) | Input power is +10 dB(mW) | +| | NF | 6.5 dB | When combined with BASE AMP, input power is +0 dB(mW) | +| | Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -149$ dB/Hz | When combined with BASE AMP, input power is +0 dB(mW) | +| | Number of output ports | 16 or 32 ports | | +| DCF | Permissible chromatic dispersion | Not specified | | + +NOTE – Output power of trunk line and access line is less than SBS suppression level. + +#### A.3.3 Operations, administration, and management items of Optical amplifier and splitter + +Alarm interface should be SNMP format. The OAM items of optical amplifier and splitter are shown in Table A.6. + +**Table A.6 – OAM items of Optical amplifier and splitter** + +| Alarm administration item | Alarm occurrence condition | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Optical signal input alarm | When optical input power level is abnormal | +| Optical amplifier alarm | When pump LD power level is abnormal
When optical output power level is abnormal | +| Power supply alarm | When an error is found in the power supply | + +### A.4 Optical network terminal for video signals (V-ONT) + +#### A.4.1 Configuration of V-ONT + +Figure A.4 shows a typical function block of the V-ONT. Note that in many applications, the V-ONT is integrated in the digital ONT, even to the extent that the optics of both units are integrated into a single 'triplelexer'. The optical signal transmitted from the V-OLT is converted into electrical FDM signals by the optical/electrical (O/E) converter, and then amplified to the appropriate power level. In SCM systems, the carrier level of signals output from the O/E converter depends on received optical power; however, the carrier level of signals output from V-ONT should be constant. To compensate any decrease in amplitude, the gain of the electrical amplifier is + +automatically controlled by the Automatic Gain Controller (AGC), which refers to the signal level. The signal level can be found by measuring the optical received power, the total RF power or the pilot signal amplitude. The choice of measurement method is an ONT implementation issue. The alarm administration function also refers to this signal level. The alarm is output when the signal level is no longer within the specified range. This alarm is used to judge whether transmission signal error has occurred. + +![Block diagram of V-ONT showing internal components and signal flow.](7f25db95ce3916c0e09803b861a2f7bc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the internal architecture of a V-ONT. An external signal labeled 'From V-OLT' enters the 'Optical/Electrical (O/E) converter'. The output of this converter is connected to an 'Electrical amplifier' and a 'Signal detector'. The 'Signal detector' is connected to an 'Auto gain controller', which in turn is connected to the 'Electrical amplifier'. The 'Electrical amplifier' produces the 'RF/IF output'. Above the 'Electrical amplifier' is an 'Alarm administration function' block, which receives input from the 'Signal detector' and produces an 'Alarm output'. At the bottom of the diagram is a 'Power supplier' block, which receives a 'Power source' input and is connected to the internal components. + +Block diagram of V-ONT showing internal components and signal flow. + +Figure A.4 – Block diagram of V-ONT + +#### A.4.2 Main characteristics of V-ONT + +The main characteristics of V-ONT are listed in Table A.7. + +Table A.7 – Main characteristics of V-ONT + +| Item | | Limit | Conditions | +|--------------------------|----------------------|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Optical signal input | Minimum input power | $\leq -8$ dB(mW) | | +| | Wavelength | $1555 \pm 5$ nm | | +| Electrical signal output | VSWR | $\leq 2.5$ | | +| | Impedance | $75 \Omega$ unbalanced | | +| | Output level | Min 80 dB $\mu$ V/ch | Levels are for analog channels. Digital channels will be 6-10 dB lower | +| | Maximum channel load | Permits 80 analog channels | | + +#### A.4.3 Operations, administration and management items of V-ONT + +The OAM items of the V-ONT function are specified in ITU-T Rec. G.984.4. + +# Annex B + +## SCM transmission equipment: system B + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +### B.1 System description + +#### B.1.1 System configuration + +Figure B.1 shows a block diagram of a typical configuration. In this system, the HE sources digitally encoded signals, and these are carried to the video serving office using some type of digital transport. The digital signals are decoded, and the resulting analogue and digital QAM signals are modulated onto the desired frequencies. The combined channel spectra are then input into the V-OLT. The V-OLT consists of a TX and several types of AMP/BRC-U devices. Three broad classes of AMP/BRC-U are employed: the pre-amplifier (PA), the PON driver (PD), and the line-extender (LE). + +![Block diagram of the SCM video signal transmission system configuration showing signal flow from Head end to V-ONTs via Video serving and end offices.](2eb23c2210154279f8013a1594fbcc5a_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph TD + HE[Head end] --> DT((Digital transport)) + DT --> VSO[Video serving office] + subgraph VSO + DM[Decoder/modulator] --> VOLT1[V-OLT] + subgraph VOLT1 + TX[TX] --> PA1[PA] + PA1 --> PD1[PD] + PA1 --> LE[LE] + OAM1[OAM interface] + end + end + PD1 --> VONT1[V-ONT] + LE --> VEO1[Video end office 1] + LE --> VEO2[Video end office 2] + subgraph VEO1 + VOLT2[V-OLT] + subgraph VOLT2 + PA2[PA] --> PD2[PD] + OAM2[OAM interface] + end + end + subgraph VEO2 + VOLT3[V-OLT] + subgraph VOLT3 + PA3[PA] --> PD3[PD] + OAM3[OAM interface] + end + end + PD2 --> VONT2[V-ONT] + PD3 --> VONT3[V-ONT] + +``` + +The diagram shows the signal flow starting from the Head end, through a Digital transport into a Video serving office. Inside this office, a Decoder/modulator feeds a V-OLT containing a TX, PA, PD, and LE. The PD connects to a V-ONT. The LE feeds two separate Video end offices. Each Video end office contains a V-OLT with a PA and PD, which then connects to its respective V-ONT. Each V-OLT section also includes an OAM interface. The diagram is identified as J.186(08)\_FB.1. + +Block diagram of the SCM video signal transmission system configuration showing signal flow from Head end to V-ONTs via Video serving and end offices. + +**Figure B.1 – Configuration of the SCM video signal transmission system** + +The detailed arrangement of the AMP/BRC-Us is highly variable, but Figure B.1 shows the most common schemes. In the first system, the TX feeds a PA, which feeds many PDs, each of which feeds many PONs. It is not unusual to serve up to 256 PONs from a single TX in this way. In the second system, some of the outputs from the PA are used to feed additional PA units, both in the same office and in nearby offices. This allows for even greater sharing of the RF signal. The third system uses LE devices to boost the signal for transmission over even larger distances, to reach outlying offices. The design of the V-OLT amplifier network must be optimized to ensure that the effective RIN and non-linear impairments are kept within tolerances. + +Note that the OAM interface function can be centralized for an entire V-OLT, or distributed. For example, if the V-OLT is implemented as a chassis-based system, then it is likely that there will be a single OAM interface. Conversely, if the V-OLT is composed of several separate network elements, then each element will have its own OAM interface. + +The functions of each device are shown in Table B.1. + +**Table B.1 – Summary of functions of each device** + +| Device | Function | +|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| V-OLT
(TX, AMP/BRC) | The V-OLT amplifies optical analogue AM-VSB and digital video signals transmitted from the HE. The V-OLT then branches them to V-ONTs. | +| V-ONT | The V-ONT converts received optical signal to electrical FDM video signals. The V-ONT outputs them to set-top box (STB) and TV monitor. | + +#### B.1.2 Main characteristics + +Table B.2 shows the main characteristics of the SCM multi-channel video signals transmission system. + +**Table B.2 – Main characteristics of the SCM multi-channel video signals transmission system** + +| Item and parameter | Limit | Condition and meaning | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| Frequency of transmitted FDM video signals, $F_{tr}$ | Type 1: $47 \leq F_{tr} \leq 864$ MHz
Type 2: $47 \leq F_{tr} \leq 2050$ MHz | Type 2 is used for transmission of QPSK signals. | +| Relative intensity noise degradation due to optical fibre transmission from V-OLT to V-ONT | $\leq -153$ dB/Hz | | +| NOTE – Frequency bands of transmitted FDM video signals, $47 \leq F_{tr} \leq 864$ MHz, include regional CATV bands of 54 to 864 MHz for North America, 47 to 862 MHz for Europe, and 90 to 770 MHz for Japan. | | | + +#### B.1.3 Total number of FDM carriers and their intensity modulation indexes + +The total number of carriers and their intensity modulation indexes must comply with the following formula. + +$$\sqrt{\sum_j^N m_j^2} \leq 0.33$$ + +where: + +$N$ Total number of FDM carriers + +$m_j$ Intensity modulation index of $j$ th carrier + +In general, each carrier type is set to a nominal modulation index that is uniform over that type. The modulation index of the QAM carriers is conventionally set to be 6-10 dB lower than the modulation index of the analog carriers. + +Additionally, some carriers may be given a modulation index that is somewhat higher than the nominal value, so that the delivered CNR for these carriers is kept above the service requirement. Typically, this includes the lowest frequency carriers (e.g., below 100 MHz), because this spectral region suffers from the Raman crosstalk and other impairments. + +### B.2 Transmitter (TX) + +#### B.2.1 Configuration of TX + +Figure B.2 shows a block diagram of a typical TX located in V-OLT. FDM analogue AM-VSB and digital video signals are directed into one or more RF input ports. RF modulated out of band (OOB) management signals may also be input into the TX. These FDM signals are amplified and are mixed together with the optional pilot signal. The RF multiplexer may also implement an equalization function to provide groups of channels a different modulation index. These mixed FDM electrical signals are converted into an Intensity Modulated (IM) optical signal by the Electrical/Optical (E/O) converter. One very important feature of the E/O converter is the suppression of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering via frequency dithering of the optical signal. This optical signal is then optically amplified, if required. The amplified optical signal is branched at the optical splitter, if needed. The output optical signals from TX OUT are transmitted to AMP/BRC-Us located in V-OLT. + +![Block diagram of a Transmitter (TX) showing signal flow from RF inputs through amplifiers, a frequency division multiplex/equalizer, an E/O converter, an optical amplifier, and a splitter to the output. It also shows management network and power supply connections.](7d3d5fb5d09c0cd35a9d637be241651e_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph TX [Transmitter] + PG[Pilot generator optional] --> FDM[Frequency division multiplex/equalizer] + RF1[RF In A-FDM] --> RA1[RF amplifier] --> FDM + RF2[RF In D-FDM] --> RA2[RF amplifier optional] --> FDM + RF3[RF In OOB Management] --> RA3[RF amplifier optional] --> FDM + FDM --> EO[E/O converter] + EO --> OA[Optical amplifier optional] + OA --> S[Splitter optional] + S --> TX_OUT[Tx Out] + OAM[OAM Interface] --> MN[Management network] + PS[Power supply] --> PI1[Power In] + PS --> PI2[Power In] + end + +``` + +Block diagram of a Transmitter (TX) showing signal flow from RF inputs through amplifiers, a frequency division multiplex/equalizer, an E/O converter, an optical amplifier, and a splitter to the output. It also shows management network and power supply connections. + +Figure B.2 – Block diagram of TX + +The pilot signal can be used in order to make sure that the signal from TX is being transmitted to V-OLT and V-ONT successfully. Alternatively, total RF power can be used for these purposes, thereby eliminating the need for a pilot signal. + +A variety of signal monitoring ports is provided, including the RF inputs, the composite signal, and the optical output. + +The operations, administration and management interface function takes care of the OAM functions implemented by each function. Raw data and events from the functions are mapped into SNMP protocol frames for transmission to the management network. + +#### B.2.2 Characteristics of TX + +The main characteristics of TX are listed in Table B.3. + +**Table B.3 – Main characteristics of TX** + +| Item and parameter | | Limit | Condition | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------|--------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| Electrical input | Reference level | 85 dB $\mu$ V/ch | Carrier level of AM-VSB signal | +| Optical output | Output power level | $\geq +8$ dB(mW) | | +| | Output power tolerance | +1 dB/0 dB | | +| | Number of output ports | Not specified | | +| | Wavelength, $\lambda$ | $1555 \pm 5$ nm | | +| | Composite Optical modulation index | $\leq 33\%$ | | +| | Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -153$ dB/Hz | RIN of optical output signal from TX
One port is open | +| | Optical spectrum | Single longitudinal mode | | +| | Dispersion Tolerance | 120 km G.652 fibre | | +| | SBS Tolerance | +17 dB(mW) | Launch into 80 km G.652 fibre | +| Pilot signal (optional) | Frequency accuracy | $\leq 50$ ppm | | +| | Amplitude | $82 \pm 0.5$ dB $\mu$ V | Converted value as a signal input level | + +#### B.2.3 Operations, administration, and management items of TX + +The OAM items of the TX function are specified in ANSI/SCTE 85-1 [3]. + +### B.3 Amplifier and branch unit (AMP/BRC) + +#### B.3.1 Configuration of AMP/BRC + +Figure B.3 shows a block diagram of the typical optical amplifier and optical branch (AMP/BRC) unit. + +![Block diagram of AMP/BRC unit showing optical signal flow and power/management connections.](19a59d6b53059ebd27b13c98793f88e0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the internal components and connections of an AMP/BRC unit. The optical signal path starts from the left, passing through an 'Optical amplifier' and an 'Optical splitter'. The signal then enters a 'Dispersion compensation fibre and optical splitter (DCF/BRC)' block. From there, it passes through another 'Optical amplifier' and a second 'Optical splitter' before exiting to the right. Below the optical path, an 'Alarm administration function' block is connected to the optical components and has an 'Alarm Out' terminal at the bottom. An 'Electric power supplier' block is connected to 'Power In (1)' and 'Power In (2)' terminals at the bottom and provides power to the optical components via vertical arrows. + +Block diagram of AMP/BRC unit showing optical signal flow and power/management connections. + +**Figure B.3 – Block diagram of AMP/BRC** + +The AMP/BRC unit consists of cascaded optical amplifiers and optical splitters. It amplifies and branches the optical signal output by TX. + +When the E/O converter in TX consists of a directly modulated laser, the AMP/BRC unit should also have dispersion compensation fibre and the optical branching function (DCF/BRC). In this case, access lines are grouped according to their length, and each access line is connected to an appropriate DCF/BRC. Thus, the chromatic dispersion generated in each access line is less than the specified limit. + +If one or more optical output ports are not used for transmission, and the E/O converter in TX uses direct modulation, they must be optically terminated. + +#### B.3.2 Main characteristics of AMP/BRC + +The main characteristics of the amplifier and branching (AMP/BRC) unit are shown in Tables B.4 to B.7. + +**Table B.4 – Main characteristics of AMP/BRC unit** + +| Item and parameter | | Limit | Conditions | +|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------|---------------------|---------------------------------| +| Optical amplifier | Input/output optical signal wavelength, $\lambda$ | $1555 \pm 5$ nm | | +| | Output power | $\sim +16$ dB(mW) | Input power is $\sim +6$ dB(mW) | +| | Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -150.4$ dB/Hz | Input power is $\sim +6$ dB(mW) | +| | Number of amplifier stages | Not specified | | +| | Number of output ports | Not specified | | +| DCF | Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -151.4$ dB/Hz | | +| | Permissible chromatic dispersion | $\leq 39.6$ ps/nm | | + +**Table B.5 – Characteristics of pre-amplifier (PA) AMP/BRC unit** + +| Item and parameter | Limit | Conditions | +|-------------------------------|---------------------|---------------------------------| +| Output power | $\sim +10$ dB(mW) | Input power is $\sim +6$ dB(mW) | +| Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -150.4$ dB/Hz | Input power is $\sim +6$ dB(mW) | +| Number of amplifier stages | 1 or more | | +| Number of output ports | 10 or more | | + +**Table B.6 – Characteristics of PON driver (PD) AMP/BRC unit** + +| Item and parameter | Limit | Conditions | +|-------------------------------|---------------------|---------------------------------| +| Output power | $\sim +17$ dB(mW) | Input power is $\sim +6$ dB(mW) | +| Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -150.4$ dB/Hz | Input power is $\sim +6$ dB(mW) | +| Number of amplifier stages | 1 or more | | +| Number of output ports | 16 or more | | + +**Table B.7 – Characteristics of line extender (LE) AMP/BRC unit** + +| Item and parameter | Limit | Conditions | +|-------------------------------|---------------------|---------------------------| +| Output power | ~+17 dB(mW) | Input power is ~+6 dB(mW) | +| Relative intensity noise, RIN | $\leq -150.4$ dB/Hz | Input power is ~+6 dB(mW) | +| Number of amplifier stages | 1 or more | | +| Number of output ports | 1 or more | | + +#### B.3.3 Operations, administration, and management items of AMP/BRC + +The OAM items of the AMP/BRC function are specified in ANSI/SCTE 85-3 [5]. + +### B.4 Optical network terminal for video signals (V-ONT) + +#### B.4.1 Configuration of V-ONT + +Figure B.4 shows a typical function block of the V-ONT. Note that in many applications, the V-ONT is integrated in the digital ONT, even to the extent that the optics of both units are integrated into a single 'tripllexer'. The optical signal transmitted from the V-OLT is converted into electrical FDM signals by the optical/electrical (O/E) converter, and then amplified to the appropriate power level. In SCM systems, the carrier level of signals output from the O/E converter depends on received optical power; however, the carrier level of signals output from V-ONT should be constant. To compensate any decrease in amplitude, the gain of the electrical amplifier is automatically controlled by the Automatic Gain Controller (AGC), which refers to the signal level. The signal level can be found by measuring the pilot signal amplitude, the optical received power, or the total RF power. The choice of measurement method is an ONT implementation issue. The alarm administration function also refers to this signal level. The alarm is output when the signal level is no longer within the specified range. This alarm is used to judge whether transmission signal error has occurred. + +![Block diagram of V-ONT showing signal flow from OPT IN through an Optical/electrical converter, then to an Electrical amplifier, and finally to RF OUT. Control and monitoring components include a Pilot signal detector, Auto gain controller, Power supplier, and Alarm administration function, all connected to a common bus with Power source, G, and Alarm output terminals.](8d325fc12b494e42c9ea7ed2a7f327a6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the internal architecture of a V-ONT. An optical input (OPT IN) enters an 'Optical/electrical converter'. The output of this converter is split: one path goes to an 'Electrical amplifier' which produces the final 'RF OUT' signal. The other path from the converter goes to a 'Pilot signal detector'. The 'Pilot signal detector' is connected to an 'Auto gain controller', which in turn is connected to the 'Electrical amplifier' to adjust its gain. Below these, a 'Power supplier' provides power to the system. An 'Alarm administration function' block is also present, connected to the same common bus. At the bottom, there are three terminals: 'Power source', 'G' (ground), and 'Alarm output'. The entire system is enclosed in a rectangular frame. A small label 'J.186(08)\_FB.4' is in the bottom right corner. + +Block diagram of V-ONT showing signal flow from OPT IN through an Optical/electrical converter, then to an Electrical amplifier, and finally to RF OUT. Control and monitoring components include a Pilot signal detector, Auto gain controller, Power supplier, and Alarm administration function, all connected to a common bus with Power source, G, and Alarm output terminals. + +**Figure B.4 – Block diagram of V-ONT** + +#### B.4.2 Main characteristics of V-ONT + +The main characteristics of V-ONT are listed in Table B.8. + +**Table B.8 – Main characteristics of V-ONT** + +| | Item | Limit | Conditions | +|--------------------------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Optical signal input | Minimum input power | Type 1: $\leq -12$ dB(mW)
Type 2: $\leq -20$ dB(mW) | Type 2 is used for transmission of QPSK signals | +| | Effective Noise Current | $\leq 6.5$ pA/ $\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ | | +| | Responsivity | $\geq 0.9$ A/W | | +| | Wavelength | $1555 \pm 5$ nm | | +| Electrical signal output | VSWR | $\leq 2.5$ | | +| | Impedance | $75 \Omega$ unbalanced | | +| AGC | Output level | Depends on ONT type:
Single user ONT:
$>18$ dBmV/ch
Multiple user ONT:
$>33$ dBmV/ch | Levels are for analog channels. Digital channels will be 6-10 dB lower | +| | Maximum channel load | Depends on ONT type:
Single user ONT:
$>37$ dBmV
Multiple user ONT:
$>52$ dBmV | Permits 80 analog channels | +| | Gain Range | $>10$ dB (rf) | | +| | Offset | Should be configurable/
provisionable to
accommodate the range of
channel plans | | + +#### B.4.3 Operations, administration, and management items of V-ONT + +The OAM items of the V-ONT function are specified in ITU-T Rec. G.984.4 [6]. + +# Appendix I + +## Modulation index and minimum received optical power + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +When all carriers are modulated by the same format, the formula described in A.1.3 can be changed to the formula shown below. + +$$m_j \leq \frac{0.30}{\sqrt{N}} \quad (\text{I-1})$$ + +The required minimum received optical power, $P_{\min}$ , is given by equation I-2. + +$$P_{\min} = \frac{e + \sqrt{e^2 + \alpha \cdot (2eI_{d0} + N_{th}^2)}}{\alpha \cdot R} \quad [\text{W}] \quad (\text{I-2})$$ + +Here, $e$ is the charge of the electron, $R$ is the quantum efficiency of photo detector in V-ONT, $I_{d0}$ is the dark current, $N_{th}$ is the thermal noise. $\alpha$ is given by equation I-3. + +$$\alpha = \frac{m_j^2}{2B_W \cdot CNR_{req}} - RIN \quad [\text{s}] \quad (\text{I-3})$$ + +Here, $B_W$ is noise bandwidth, $CNR_{req}$ is required CNR, and $RIN$ is relative intensity noise of the optical signal launched into V-ONT. In equation I-3, the carrier power of $CNR_{req}$ is measured as the peak envelope power. The assumed values for all these parameters are the following: + +| | | +|----------|--------------| +| $RIN$ | -145.8 dB/Hz | +| $I_{d0}$ | 100 nA | +| $N_{th}$ | 10 pA/√Hz | +| $R$ | 0.8 A/W | + +The condition given in the following is assumed: + +Modulation format of transmitted signal 64-QAM of Annex B/J.83 + +Number of carriers $N$ 110 + +According to equation I-1, $m_j$ of 0.0286 is the calculated maximum modulation index for the $j$ th carrier. Required minimum received optical power, $P_{\min}$ , is calculated to be -11.0 dBm. + + + + + +###### SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.1-201603-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.1-201603-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d029dd4fbf2b92152823b8298396c96c7282e426 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.1-201603-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:476aa07e8e41a13b741a431c04ad0f9bd3a7bd0a3822f14a669b12f2abaf0e0d +size 3828 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.1-201603-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.1-201603-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..85255c4f31019b322decfd273380c0a1431c8e01 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.1-201603-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,330 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.196.1** + +(03/2016) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Cable modems and home networking + +# --- **Functional requirements for second generation HiNoC** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 + +# Functional requirements for second generation HiNoC + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 specifies requirements for second generation high performance network over coax (HiNoC) that provides 1 Gbit/s data transmission over coaxial networks in the cable industry. Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 contains descriptions for functional requirements of the general system, physical (PHY) layer and media access control (MAC) layer function over coaxial networks connected with fibre to the building (FTTB). + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.196.1 | 2016-03-15 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/12767 | + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2016 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Architecture ..... | 2 | +| 7 Requirement..... | 3 | +| 7.1 Functional requirement..... | 3 | +| 7.2 Requirements of PHY layer..... | 3 | +| 7.3 Requirements of MAC layer ..... | 4 | +| Appendix I – HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 brief comparison ..... | 5 | +| Appendix II – Operational notes..... | 6 | +| Bibliography..... | 7 | + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 + +## Functional requirements for second generation HiNoC + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies requirements for second generation high performance network over coax (HiNoC) that provides 1 Gbit/s data transmission over a premises coaxial network connected with fibre to the building (FTTB). + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.195.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.1 (2016), *Functional requirements for high speed transmission over coaxial networks connected with fiber to the building*. +- [ITU-T J.195.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.2 (2014), *Physical layer specification for high speed transmission over coaxial networks*. +- [ITU-T J.195.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.3 (2014), *Medium Access Control layer specification for high speed transmission over coaxial networks*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|-------|------------------------------------| +| 3DTV | three Dimensional Television | +| ARQ | Automatic Repeat request | +| CPS | Common Part Sublayer | +| CS | Convergence Sublayer | +| DBA | Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FTTB | Fibre To The Building | +| HD | High Definition | +| HiNoC | High performance Network over Coax | + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------| +| IPv4 | Internet Protocol version 4 | +| IPv6 | Internet Protocol version 6 | +| LDPC | Low Density Parity Check | +| MAC | Media Access Control | +| OAM | Operation, Administration and Maintenance | +| OFDM | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing | +| OFDMA | Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access | +| PHY | Physical | +| PON | Passive Optical Network | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| SD | Standard Definition | +| SS | Security Sublayer | +| TV | Television | +| UHDTV | Ultra High Definition Television | +| VoIP | Voice over Internet Protocol | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "is required to" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "can optionally" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should* and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +The keywords "HiNoC 1.0" indicate the HiNoC system defined by [ITU-T J.195.1], [ITU-T J.195.2] and [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +The keywords "HiNoC 2.0" indicate the second generation HiNoC. + +# 6 Architecture + +The logic architecture model and protocol stack of HiNoC 2.0 refers to clause 6 of [ITU-T J.195.1]. + +# 7 Requirement + +## 7.1 Functional requirement + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-1] HiNoC 2.0 is required to be applied to the passive coaxial access network in a premises network. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-2] HiNoC 2.0 is required to support any IP-based services, such as standard definition (SD) or high definition (HD) television (TV), three dimensional TV (3DTV), ultrahigh definition TV (UHDTV), interactive services, voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) and Internet access. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-3] HiNoC 2.0 is required not to affect the adjacent channels that provide services and deployments such as analogue broadcasting, digital broadcasting and data services. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-4] HiNoC 2.0 is required to support a tree distribution structure and centralized distribution structure of a coaxial cable access network. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-5] HiNoC 2.0 is recommended to be applicable below the 1.2 GHz frequency band on a coaxial network. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-6] HiNoC 2.0 is required to be robust enough to resist the interference and micro-reflection in a short-range coaxial environment. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-7] HiNoC 2.0 is required to allocate downstream and upstream bandwidth flexibly (symmetrical/asymmetrical scenario). + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-8] HiNoC 2.0 is required to support 128 MHz bandwidth per channel. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-9] HiNoC 2.0 is required to support channel bonding to provide a higher transmission rate. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-10] HiNoC 2.0 is required to be able to schedule the time-slot for the master-node and client-node to send or receive. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-11] HiNoC 2.0 is required to support end-to-end operation, administration and maintenance (OAM) integration with a passive optical network (PON). + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-12] HiNoC 2.0 is required to avoid spectrum overlap with existing cable services. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-13] HiNoC 2.0 is required to be compatible with HiNoC 1.0. + +[HiNoC 2.0-Gen-14] The screening attenuation of the coaxial cable to connect the HiNoC 2.0 system is required to be higher than 60 dB. + +## 7.2 Requirements of PHY layer + +[HiNoC 2.0-PHY-1] HiNoC 2.0 is required to be based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. + +[HiNoC 2.0-PHY-2] HiNoC 2.0 physical (PHY) layer is required to support adaptive constellation mapping function for each OFDM subcarrier in accordance with the channel conditions in the coaxial network. + +[HiNoC 2.0-PHY-3] HiNoC 2.0 PHY is required to support a flexible forward error correction (FEC) encoding rate in accordance with channel conditions in the coaxial network. + +[HiNoC 2.0-PHY-4] HiNoC 2.0 PHY is required to satisfy out-of-band attenuation to reduce the adjacent channel interference in the coaxial network. + +[HiNoC 2.0-PHY-5] HiNoC 2.0 PHY is required to perform channel estimation in the connections between master-node and client-node. + +## **7.3 Requirements of MAC layer** + +### **7.3.1 System requirements of the convergence sublayer (CS) layer** + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-1] HiNoC 2.0 media access control (MAC) layer is required to support an address learning function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-2] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a packing and unpacking of data frames function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-3] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support Internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6). + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-4] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-5] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a service priority mapping function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-6] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a stream classification function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-7] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a quality of service (QoS) control function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-8] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is recommended to support a multicast services management and packet filter function. + +### **7.3.2 System requirements of the common part sublayer (CPS)** + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-9] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a channel allocation function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-10] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a node quitting and deletion function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-11] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a link maintenance function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-12] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support an automatic repeat request (ARQ). + +### **7.3.3 System requirements of the security sublayer (SS) layer** + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-13] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support an identity function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-14] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support an authentication function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-15] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a data encryption function. + +[HiNoC 2.0-MAC-16] HiNoC 2.0 MAC is required to support a key management function. + +# Appendix I + +## HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 brief comparison + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +HiNoC 2.0 is the second generation HiNoC. HiNoC 1.0 refers to the HiNoC system defined by [ITU-T J.195.1], [ITU-T J.195.2] and [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +Considering the operators facing rapid increasing bandwidth pressure, HiNoC 2.0 primarily aims at enhancing the data transmission speed of the HiNoC system up to 1 Gbit/s. A new channel coding is defined in HiNoC 2.0 to improve the robustness of the HiNoC system. HiNoC 2.0 can provide smaller DBA granularity and lower latency transmission. + +HiNoC 2.0 is compatible with HiNoC 1.0; HiNoC 1.0 HiNoC modem (HM) can register with HiNoC 2.0 HiNoC bridge (HB). + +A brief comparison of HiNoC 2.0 and HiNoC 1.0 is shown as Table I.1. + +**Table I.1 – HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 brief comparison** + +| Key parameters | HiNoC 2.0 | HiNoC 1.0 | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| Working frequency | Below 1.2 GHz | Below 1.2 GHz | +| Transmission speed | Up to 1 Gbit/s | Up to 100 Mbit/s | +| Spectrum bandwidth | 128 MHz/channel (supporting channel bundle) | 16 MHz/channel (supporting channel bundle) | +| Modulation | OFDM, adaptive subcarrier modulation | OFDM, adaptive subcarrier modulation | +| Constellation | DQPSK, QPSK/8QAM/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM/512QAM/1024QAM/2048QAM/4096QAM | DQPSK, QPSK/8QAM/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM/512QAM/1024QAM | +| Carrier number | 2048 (1982 effective) | 256 (210 effective) | +| Channel coding | BCH, low density parity check (LDPC) | BCH | +| Duplex/multi-access mode | TDD/TDMA, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) (optional) | TDD/TDMA | + +# **Appendix II** + +## **Operational notes** + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Possible interference from or to the wireless signal or radiocommunication services, such as terrestrial broadcast, global system for mobile communications (GSM), 3G/4G, Wi-Fi and aeronautical navigation, might degrade the signal or service quality both in coaxial cable and in air, and can even be risky to flight safety in the worst-case scenario. Therefore, any multiple systems operator (MSO) which plans to deploy HiNoC 2.0/1.0 should be cautious about the spectrum allocation, coaxial cable mounting and maintenance, and equipment screening to minimize the risk from and to any other possible signal outside the coaxial cable. Specifically, any deployment of HiNoC 2.0 should not be within 1 km range of any airport. + +Frequency planning, safety and EMC requirements are a national matter and are not covered by this Recommendation. Compliance remains the operators' responsibility, and any operator who needs to calculate or estimate the EMC conditions of their network should refer to [b-ITU-R P.525], [b-ITU-R P.528] and [b-ITU-R P.1238-7]. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-R P.525] Recommendation ITU-R P.525 (1994), *Calculation of free-space attenuation.* +- [b-ITU-R P.528] Recommendation ITU-R P.528 (2012), *Propagation curves for aeronautical mobile and radionavigation services using the VHF, UHF and SHF bands.* +- [b-ITU-R P.1238-7] Recommendation ITU-R P.1238-7 (2012), *Propagation data and prediction methods for the planning of indoor radiocommunication systems and radio local area networks in the frequency range 900 MHz to 100 GHz.* + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.2-202403-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.2-202403-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..91e51b5e50a88dbe66ee0e8e96a2d87930b3a521 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.196.2-202403-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1120 @@ + + +# Recommendation**ITU-T J.196.2 (03/2024)** + +SERIES J: Cable networks and transmission of television, +sound programme and other multimedia signals + +Cable modems and home networking + +## --- **Physical layer specification for second- generation HiNoC** + +![ITU logo](0538daaa5583c23e17db3a12f2281a55_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the bottom right corner. It features a blue circular emblem with a stylized globe and the letters 'ITU' in white. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +### **Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 + +## Physical layer specification for second-generation HiNoC + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 specifies the physical (PHY) layer specification for second-generation high-performance networks over coax (HiNoC) which provides 1 Gbit/s data transmission over coaxial networks in the cable industry. The HiNoC architecture consists of a HiNoC bridge (HB) and HiNoC modems (HMs) and the HiNoC protocol stack includes the medium access control (MAC) layer and PHY layer. This Recommendation contains descriptions for the signal transmission mode of the PHY layer, including frame structure, channel coding and modulation techniques. + +Edition 2.0 only updates the title of this and other HiNoC Recommendations without introducing any technical changes. + +## History\* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.196.2 | 2016-10-14 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13049 | +| 2.0 | ITU-T J.196.2 | 2024-03-26 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/15882 | + +## Keywords + +HiNoC, Physical layer, Second generation HiNoC. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2024 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 PHY layer structure ..... | 4 | +| 6.1 Overview ..... | 4 | +| 6.2 Scrambler..... | 4 | +| 6.3 FEC coding..... | 4 | +| 6.4 Constellation mapping..... | 10 | +| 6.5 Constellation scrambler ..... | 11 | +| 6.6 OFDM modulation ..... | 12 | +| 7 PHY frame format ..... | 13 | +| 7.1 Overview ..... | 13 | +| 7.2 Preamble A ..... | 14 | +| 7.3 Preamble B ..... | 15 | +| 7.4 Payload A ..... | 17 | +| 7.5 Payload B..... | 18 | +| 7.6 Payload C..... | 21 | +| 7.7 Payload D ..... | 22 | +| 8 Spectrum mask ..... | 23 | +| Appendix I – HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 PHY layer brief comparison ..... | 24 | +| Appendix II – Operational notes..... | 25 | +| Bibliography..... | 26 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 + +## Physical layer specification for second-generation HiNoC + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the physical (PHY) layer protocol and is part of a series of second-generation HiNoC Recommendations for high-speed data transmission over coaxial cable. + +This Recommendation applies to bidirectional high-performance wideband access digital systems that use coaxial cable connected between fibre-to-the-building (FTTB) and HiNoC modems (HMs). + +Frequency planning, safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements are a national matter and are not covered by this Recommendation. Compliance remains the operators' responsibility. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T G.972] Recommendation ITU-T G.972 (2016), *Definition of terms relevant to optical fibre submarine cable systems*. +- [ITU-T J.112] Recommendation ITU-T J.112 (1998), *Transmission systems for interactive cable television services*. +- [ITU-T J.195.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.1 (2024), *Functional requirements for first-generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.195.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.2 (2024), *Physical layer specification for first-generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.195.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.3 (2024), *MAC layer specification for first-generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.196.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 (2016), *Functional Requirements for second-generation HiNoC*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +- 3.1.1 available sub-carrier** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Sub-carriers of OFDM symbol for data bearing. +- 3.1.2 constellation mapping** [ITU-T J.195.1]: The process of mapping the data bits to the constellation symbol. +- 3.1.3 control frame** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used for access control and channel allocation. + +- 3.1.4 cyclic prefix** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Data located at the front of an OFDM symbol, which is a copy of the data from the end of the OFDM symbol. +- 3.1.5 cyclic redundancy check** [ITU-T J.112]: A method of error detection using cyclic code. +- 3.1.6 data frame** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used to carry data of the upper layer. +- 3.1.7 downlink** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Link from HiNoC bridge (HB) to HiNoC modem (HM). +- 3.1.8 forward error correction** [ITU-T G.972]: A technique which consists of transmitting the data in an encoded form such that the redundancy added by the coding allows the decoding to detect and correct errors. +- 3.1.9 frame check sequence** [ITU-T J.195.2]: A redundant sequence that is used for verifying the correctness of the received data. +- 3.1.10 Pd cycle** [ITU-T J.195.2]: A time interval between two adjacent downlink probe frames. +- 3.1.11 probe frame** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the physical layer used for carrying signalling frames of the MAC layer. +- 3.1.12 scrambler** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Process that randomizes data using a pseudo-random binary sequence. +- 3.1.13 signalling frame** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used for node admission, node quitting/deletion and link maintenance. +- 3.1.14 unavailable sub-carrier** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Sub-carriers of OFDM symbol for adjacent channel protection and zero frequency sub-carrier. +- 3.1.15 uplink** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Link from HiNoC modem (HM) to HiNoC bridge (HB). + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 3.2.1 pilot sub-carrier**: Sub-carriers for transmission of specific symbols in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. +- 3.2.2 constellation scrambler**: The process that takes phase rotation of the constellation symbols in 4 quadrants by using binary pseudo random sequence. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| BCH | Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (code) | +| Cd | Control down | +| CP | Cyclic Prefix | +| Dd | downlink Data | +| DQPSK | Differential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying | +| Du | uplink Data | +| EMC | Electromagnetic Compatibility | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FTTB | Fibre-To-The-Building | +| GSM | Global System for Mobile communications | +| HB | HiNoC Bridge | + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------| +| HiNoC | High performance Network over Coax | +| HM | HiNoC Modem | +| IFFT | Inverse Fast Fourier Transform | +| LDPC | Low Density Parity Check Code | +| MAC | Medium Access Control | +| MAP | Media Access Plan | +| MSO | Multiple Systems Operator | +| OFDM | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing | +| OFDMA | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access | +| Pd | downlink Probe | +| PSD | Power Spectral Density | +| Pu | uplink Probe | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| QPSK | Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| Ru | Report up | +| SC | Sub-Channel | +| SCG_Ru | Sub-Carrier Group for Ru frame | +| SSC | Symbol Sub-Cell | +| TDMA | Time Division Multiple Access | + +# 5 Conventions + +The keywords "is/are required to" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "can optionally" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should* and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended* and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +The keywords "HiNoC 1.0" indicate the HiNoC system defined by the ITU-T J.195 series. + +The keywords "HiNoC 2.0" indicate the second generation HiNoC. + +# 6 PHY layer structure + +## 6.1 Overview + +The functional blocks of the transmitter include scrambler, forward error correction (FEC) coding, constellation mapping, constellation scrambler, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, cyclic prefix (CP) insertion, framing (into different types of PHY packets) and up conversion to radio frequency (RF) signals. The sequence of the blocks is shown in Figure 1, in which scrambler, FEC coding, constellation scrambler and framing can be optionally closed or opened according to different types of data stream. + +![Functional block diagram of the transmitter showing the sequence of blocks: Data stream, Scrambler, FEC, Constellation mapping, Constellation scrambler, OFDM modulation and CP insertion, Framing, and RF upconvert. The blocks for FEC, Constellation scrambler, and Framing are shown with dashed outlines, indicating they are optional.](e6df2733626a85205c1db682e6259c46_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR; A[Data stream] --> B[Scrambler]; B --> C[FEC]; C --> D[Constellation mapping]; D --> E[Constellation scrambler]; E --> F[OFDM modulation and CP insertion]; F --> G[Framing]; G --> H[RF upconvert]; H --> I[RF signal]; style C stroke-dasharray: 5 5; style E stroke-dasharray: 5 5; style G stroke-dasharray: 5 5; +``` + +J.196.2(16)\_F01 + +Functional block diagram of the transmitter showing the sequence of blocks: Data stream, Scrambler, FEC, Constellation mapping, Constellation scrambler, OFDM modulation and CP insertion, Framing, and RF upconvert. The blocks for FEC, Constellation scrambler, and Framing are shown with dashed outlines, indicating they are optional. + +Figure 1 – Functional block diagram of the transmitter + +## 6.2 Scrambler + +The procedure of scrambler is required to conform to clause 6.2 of [ITU-T J.195.2]. + +## 6.3 FEC coding + +### 6.3.1 Overview + +The FEC encoder is required to support Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes and can optionally support the low density parity check (LDPC) codes specified in clause 6.3.3. + +### 6.3.2 BCH code + +#### 6.3.2.1 Overview + +The BCH encoder is required to support three truncated BCH codes with the following code parameters: (392, 248), (1920, 1040) and (1920, 1744). + +#### 6.3.2.2 (392, 248) truncated BCH code + +The (392, 248) BCH code is truncated from (511, 367) BCH code, a systematic code with the octal representation for the generator polynomial shown as follows: + +(1126657202505666323017001652245562614435511600655)8. + +#### 6.3.2.3 (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code + +The (1920, 1040) BCH code is truncated from (2047, 1167) BCH code, a systematic code with the octal representation for the generator polynomial shown as follows: + +(260721361722464540657702522073115210635721760241364265702305205632661365055560746124155122706374565474720414262325513114121607751671240010170277341021754016552312303425735775256072116343764367142103074345736165010273475542132124513630435143515626347123264462606121045647652066606334120024047475)8. + +#### 6.3.2.4 (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code + +The (1920, 1744) BCH code is truncated from (2047, 1871) BCH code, a systematic code with the octal representation for the generator polynomial shown as follows: + +(64372013435571223560747633451755373433074714007120505460007)8. + +#### 6.3.2.5 Encoding procedure + +The truncated BCH encoding procedure is required to conform to clause 6.3.5 of [ITU-T J.195.2]. + +### 6.3.3 LDPC code + +#### 6.3.3.1 Overview + +The LDPC encoder is required to support two LDPC codes with the following code parameters: (1920, 1728) and (3840, 3456). + +#### 6.3.3.2 (1920, 1728) LDPC code + +The parity check matrix of (1920, 1728) LDPC code is composed of the information bits part and the parity bits part, which correspond to information bits and parity bits respectively and is restricted to the form that the information part is located in the first half of the matrix and the parity part is located in the second half of the matrix. + +The information part of (1920, 1728) LDPC parity matrix can be divided into 8\*72 sub-matrices with a size of 24\*24. Each sub-matrix is a null matrix or cyclic shift of unit matrix. The code table of the information part is shown in Table 1, where I represents the abscissa of the non-zero sub-matrix in mother matrix, J represents the ordinate of the non-zeros sub-matrix in mother matrix, R represents the cyclic right shift amount of the non-zero sub-matrix with respect to the unit matrix. For example, (I,J,R)=(2,1,23), represents that there is a non-zero sub-matrix in the first column and the second row of the mother matrix and it is obtained from cyclic right shifting a unit matrix by 23 bits. + +**Table 1 – Information part code table of (1920, 1728) LDPC code** + +| I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | +|---|---|----|---|----|----|---|----|----|---|----|----| +| 2 | 1 | 23 | 1 | 17 | 4 | 7 | 33 | 3 | 2 | 52 | 19 | +| 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 17 | 10 | 6 | 33 | 7 | 8 | 53 | 4 | +| 8 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 17 | 16 | 1 | 33 | 17 | 3 | 53 | 10 | +| 4 | 1 | 19 | 6 | 17 | 20 | 5 | 33 | 19 | 5 | 53 | 18 | +| 5 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 18 | 3 | 4 | 34 | 9 | 6 | 54 | 6 | +| 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 18 | 5 | 7 | 34 | 11 | 4 | 54 | 11 | +| 6 | 2 | 18 | 2 | 18 | 19 | 8 | 34 | 18 | 1 | 54 | 20 | +| 4 | 2 | 21 | 4 | 18 | 22 | 2 | 34 | 20 | 1 | 55 | 2 | +| 4 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 19 | 23 | 1 | 35 | 3 | 3 | 55 | 19 | +| 6 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 19 | 3 | 6 | 35 | 6 | 2 | 55 | 22 | +| 8 | 3 | 10 | 2 | 19 | 13 | 5 | 35 | 11 | 6 | 56 | 3 | +| 7 | 3 | 22 | 3 | 19 | 15 | 8 | 35 | 17 | 3 | 56 | 9 | +| 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 20 | 3 | 8 | 36 | 8 | 1 | 56 | 14 | +| 3 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 20 | 5 | 2 | 36 | 9 | 7 | 57 | 6 | +| 2 | 4 | 17 | 6 | 20 | 7 | 4 | 36 | 11 | 5 | 57 | 10 | +| 7 | 4 | 21 | 8 | 20 | 21 | 3 | 36 | 12 | 6 | 57 | 11 | +| 3 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 21 | 3 | 7 | 37 | 8 | 6 | 58 | 2 | +| 2 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 21 | 8 | 6 | 37 | 10 | 7 | 58 | 5 | + +**Table 1 – Information part code table of (1920, 1728) LDPC code** + +| I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------| +| 4 | 5 | 15 | 1 | 21 | 10 | 2 | 37 | 16 | 4 | 58 | 18 | +| 1 | 5 | 19 | 6 | 21 | 14 | 4 | 37 | 17 | 5 | 59 | 0 | +| 1 | 6 | 23 | 2 | 22 | 2 | 7 | 38 | 23 | 2 | 59 | 7 | +| 8 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 22 | 3 | 2 | 38 | 3 | 7 | 59 | 19 | +| 5 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 22 | 5 | 1 | 38 | 4 | 4 | 60 | 3 | +| 3 | 6 | 15 | 7 | 22 | 12 | 8 | 39 | 3 | 7 | 60 | 7 | +| 4 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 23 | 23 | 7 | 39 | 14 | 5 | 60 | 22 | +| 8 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 23 | 2 | 6 | 39 | 22 | 1 | 61 | 4 | +| 3 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 23 | 14 | 7 | 40 | 3 | 5 | 61 | 5 | +| 2 | 7 | 21 | 2 | 23 | 18 | 8 | 40 | 7 | 3 | 61 | 11 | +| 6 | 8 | 23 | 8 | 24 | 0 | 5 | 40 | 12 | 4 | 62 | 4 | +| 5 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 24 | 3 | 8 | 41 | 7 | 3 | 62 | 14 | +| 2 | 8 | 4 | 5 | 24 | 7 | 1 | 41 | 14 | 1 | 62 | 17 | +| 4 | 8 | 14 | 2 | 24 | 8 | 7 | 41 | 22 | 4 | 63 | 23 | +| 5 | 9 | 11 | 6 | 25 | 2 | 5 | 42 | 23 | 5 | 63 | 19 | +| 8 | 9 | 14 | 4 | 25 | 3 | 7 | 42 | 0 | 1 | 63 | 22 | +| 1 | 9 | 17 | 3 | 25 | 19 | 2 | 42 | 3 | 5 | 64 | 5 | +| 4 | 9 | 19 | 8 | 25 | 20 | 8 | 43 | 5 | 7 | 64 | 10 | +| 5 | 10 | 23 | 2 | 26 | 23 | 6 | 43 | 10 | 1 | 64 | 13 | +| 1 | 10 | 4 | 7 | 26 | 5 | 2 | 43 | 11 | 5 | 65 | 11 | +| 6 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 26 | 6 | 3 | 44 | 10 | 1 | 65 | 18 | +| 4 | 10 | 22 | 5 | 26 | 15 | 5 | 44 | 15 | 3 | 65 | 21 | +| 6 | 11 | 0 | 6 | 27 | 23 | 7 | 44 | 18 | 7 | 66 | 2 | +| 1 | 11 | 12 | 5 | 27 | 9 | 2 | 45 | 13 | 3 | 66 | 4 | +| 2 | 11 | 14 | 8 | 27 | 14 | 1 | 45 | 16 | 1 | 66 | 20 | +| 5 | 11 | 19 | 7 | 27 | 16 | 4 | 45 | 22 | 7 | 67 | 0 | +| 1 | 12 | 23 | 1 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 46 | 23 | 3 | 67 | 19 | +| 4 | 12 | 4 | 3 | 28 | 4 | 8 | 46 | 5 | 1 | 67 | 21 | +| 6 | 12 | 14 | 4 | 28 | 6 | 5 | 46 | 11 | 7 | 68 | 5 | +| 7 | 12 | 22 | 6 | 28 | 19 | 1 | 47 | 8 | 1 | 68 | 12 | +| 8 | 13 | 23 | 3 | 29 | 9 | 3 | 47 | 9 | 3 | 68 | 22 | +| 6 | 13 | 1 | 4 | 29 | 12 | 2 | 47 | 15 | 3 | 69 | 14 | + +**Table 1 – Information part code table of (1920, 1728) LDPC code** + +| I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------| +| 4 | 13 | 19 | 2 | 29 | 13 | 7 | 48 | 15 | 7 | 69 | 18 | +| 5 | 13 | 21 | 5 | 29 | 22 | 2 | 48 | 16 | 1 | 69 | 20 | +| 4 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 30 | 6 | 3 | 48 | 20 | 3 | 70 | 1 | +| 2 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 30 | 7 | 6 | 49 | 12 | 4 | 70 | 2 | +| 8 | 14 | 18 | 6 | 30 | 8 | 3 | 49 | 19 | 2 | 70 | 14 | +| 1 | 14 | 19 | 5 | 30 | 9 | 8 | 49 | 22 | 6 | 71 | 15 | +| 8 | 15 | 0 | 5 | 31 | 23 | 8 | 50 | 0 | 5 | 71 | 18 | +| 2 | 15 | 11 | 6 | 31 | 7 | 4 | 50 | 4 | 3 | 71 | 20 | +| 7 | 15 | 14 | 2 | 31 | 9 | 2 | 50 | 7 | 3 | 72 | 2 | +| 4 | 15 | 19 | 8 | 31 | 10 | 7 | 51 | 23 | 8 | 72 | 14 | +| 6 | 16 | 3 | 4 | 32 | 0 | 5 | 51 | 2 | 7 | 72 | 22 | +| 2 | 16 | 13 | 1 | 32 | 11 | 1 | 51 | 11 | | | | +| 8 | 16 | 19 | 6 | 32 | 12 | 4 | 52 | 23 | | | | +| 4 | 16 | 20 | 3 | 32 | 15 | 5 | 52 | 7 | | | | + +The parity part of (1920, 1728) LDPC parity matrix is transformed from a dual diagonal matrix. The dual diagonal matrix is shown in Figure 2, in which $m$ is the number of parity bits of LDPC code. + +![Dual diagonal matrix diagram showing a square matrix with 1s on the main diagonal and the sub-diagonal, labeled m x n.](98ee20ceb85cd84e2415b20b1eda1bcf_img.jpg) + +J.196.2(16)\_F02 + +Dual diagonal matrix diagram showing a square matrix with 1s on the main diagonal and the sub-diagonal, labeled m x n. + +**Figure 2 – Dual diagonal matrix** + +The transformation rule for the dual diagonal matrix moves the $i$ th row to the $i'$ th row, which is shown in Equation (1) in detail, where "/" is the quotient operation, "%" is the remainder operation. + +$$i' = \lfloor (i-1)/8 \rfloor + 1 + ((i-1)\%8) \times q \tag{1}$$ + +Where, + $q$ is the size of code block, which equals 24 for (1920, 1728) code. + +For (1920, 1728) code, the transformation rule is transforming the 1st, 9th, 17th, 25th, ..., 185th, 2nd, 10th, 18th, 26th, ..., 186th, ..., 8th, 16th, 24th, 32nd, ..., 192nd rows of the dual diagonal matrix into the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, ..., 190th, 191st, 192nd rows of the parity bits. + +**Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (03/2024)**      7 + +#### 6.3.3.3 (3840, 3456) LDPC code + +The parity check matrix of (3840, 3456) LDPC code is composed of the information part and the parity part and is restricted to the form that the information part is located in the first half of the matrix and the parity part is located in the second half of the matrix. + +The information part of (3840, 3456) LDPC parity matrix can be divided into 8\*72 sub-matrices with size of 48\*48. Each sub-matrix is a null matrix or cyclic shift of unit matrix. The code table of the information part is shown in Table 2, in which the meanings of I, J and R are as in clause 6.3.3.2. + +**Table 2 – Information part code table of (3840, 3456) LDPC code** + +| I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------| +| 1 | 1 | 37 | 1 | 17 | 46 | 1 | 33 | 37 | 7 | 52 | 16 | +| 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 17 | 31 | 6 | 33 | 19 | 4 | 53 | 27 | +| 5 | 1 | 43 | 5 | 17 | 8 | 7 | 33 | 0 | 5 | 53 | 20 | +| 6 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 17 | 18 | 8 | 33 | 1 | 8 | 53 | 33 | +| 1 | 2 | 23 | 1 | 18 | 12 | 3 | 34 | 40 | 6 | 54 | 0 | +| 2 | 2 | 29 | 2 | 18 | 47 | 4 | 34 | 33 | 7 | 54 | 40 | +| 4 | 2 | 37 | 5 | 18 | 26 | 6 | 34 | 10 | 8 | 54 | 16 | +| 6 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 18 | 24 | 8 | 34 | 37 | 4 | 55 | 41 | +| 3 | 3 | 27 | 1 | 19 | 39 | 3 | 35 | 19 | 6 | 55 | 31 | +| 6 | 3 | 28 | 3 | 19 | 33 | 5 | 35 | 47 | 8 | 55 | 40 | +| 7 | 3 | 30 | 7 | 19 | 0 | 6 | 35 | 13 | 2 | 56 | 17 | +| 8 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 19 | 21 | 7 | 35 | 39 | 3 | 56 | 23 | +| 1 | 4 | 45 | 1 | 20 | 33 | 3 | 36 | 7 | 5 | 56 | 47 | +| 3 | 4 | 11 | 3 | 20 | 31 | 5 | 36 | 18 | 5 | 57 | 34 | +| 5 | 4 | 20 | 6 | 20 | 21 | 6 | 36 | 39 | 6 | 57 | 36 | +| 6 | 4 | 32 | 8 | 20 | 39 | 7 | 36 | 4 | 7 | 57 | 23 | +| 1 | 5 | 17 | 1 | 21 | 21 | 2 | 37 | 7 | 1 | 58 | 29 | +| 2 | 5 | 34 | 4 | 21 | 15 | 3 | 37 | 19 | 7 | 58 | 12 | +| 4 | 5 | 12 | 5 | 21 | 4 | 4 | 37 | 38 | 8 | 58 | 10 | +| 5 | 5 | 30 | 8 | 21 | 12 | 7 | 37 | 8 | 1 | 59 | 21 | +| 1 | 6 | 29 | 1 | 22 | 28 | 1 | 38 | 6 | 4 | 59 | 13 | +| 2 | 6 | 27 | 2 | 22 | 14 | 4 | 38 | 16 | 8 | 59 | 20 | +| 5 | 6 | 46 | 4 | 22 | 11 | 6 | 38 | 30 | 2 | 60 | 41 | +| 6 | 6 | 36 | 7 | 22 | 6 | 4 | 39 | 9 | 3 | 60 | 14 | +| 1 | 7 | 35 | 2 | 23 | 22 | 5 | 39 | 37 | 7 | 60 | 22 | +| 5 | 7 | 37 | 3 | 23 | 32 | 6 | 39 | 5 | 1 | 61 | 31 | +| 7 | 7 | 24 | 4 | 23 | 15 | 2 | 40 | 8 | 4 | 61 | 42 | + +**Table 2 – Information part code table of (3840, 3456) LDPC code** + +| I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | +|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|----------| +| 8 | 7 | 43 | 7 | 23 | 9 | 4 | 40 | 41 | 8 | 61 | 5 | +| 2 | 8 | 14 | 2 | 24 | 8 | 5 | 40 | 3 | 2 | 62 | 36 | +| 5 | 8 | 36 | 3 | 24 | 13 | 4 | 41 | 37 | 3 | 62 | 10 | +| 6 | 8 | 18 | 4 | 24 | 4 | 6 | 41 | 11 | 5 | 62 | 27 | +| 7 | 8 | 37 | 7 | 24 | 36 | 8 | 41 | 9 | 4 | 63 | 38 | +| 1 | 9 | 25 | 1 | 25 | 10 | 4 | 42 | 3 | 5 | 63 | 39 | +| 2 | 9 | 39 | 4 | 25 | 46 | 5 | 42 | 8 | 7 | 63 | 2 | +| 3 | 9 | 10 | 6 | 25 | 3 | 8 | 42 | 47 | 1 | 64 | 18 | +| 8 | 9 | 41 | 8 | 25 | 35 | 2 | 43 | 35 | 3 | 64 | 41 | +| 2 | 10 | 31 | 1 | 26 | 45 | 5 | 43 | 4 | 5 | 64 | 26 | +| 3 | 10 | 30 | 2 | 26 | 22 | 6 | 43 | 3 | 2 | 65 | 39 | +| 6 | 10 | 17 | 3 | 26 | 38 | 3 | 44 | 16 | 3 | 65 | 0 | +| 7 | 10 | 22 | 5 | 26 | 29 | 4 | 44 | 27 | 4 | 65 | 29 | +| 1 | 11 | 24 | 2 | 27 | 28 | 5 | 44 | 41 | 1 | 66 | 39 | +| 2 | 11 | 34 | 3 | 27 | 21 | 3 | 45 | 44 | 3 | 66 | 0 | +| 5 | 11 | 33 | 6 | 27 | 3 | 7 | 45 | 5 | 7 | 66 | 31 | +| 6 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 27 | 36 | 8 | 45 | 36 | 4 | 67 | 2 | +| 1 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 28 | 36 | 3 | 46 | 42 | 5 | 67 | 1 | +| 2 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 28 | 35 | 4 | 46 | 30 | 8 | 67 | 3 | +| 3 | 12 | 35 | 7 | 28 | 38 | 8 | 46 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 21 | +| 6 | 12 | 0 | 8 | 28 | 2 | 2 | 47 | 32 | 4 | 68 | 3 | +| 1 | 13 | 6 | 3 | 29 | 40 | 5 | 47 | 42 | 7 | 68 | 18 | +| 2 | 13 | 26 | 4 | 29 | 30 | 6 | 47 | 30 | 5 | 69 | 44 | +| 4 | 13 | 7 | 6 | 29 | 0 | 3 | 48 | 2 | 7 | 69 | 24 | +| 7 | 13 | 33 | 8 | 29 | 12 | 4 | 48 | 20 | 8 | 69 | 42 | +| 1 | 14 | 46 | 2 | 30 | 22 | 7 | 48 | 43 | 1 | 70 | 10 | +| 5 | 14 | 44 | 3 | 30 | 18 | 5 | 49 | 43 | 2 | 70 | 0 | +| 6 | 14 | 11 | 4 | 30 | 43 | 6 | 49 | 0 | 8 | 70 | 38 | +| 8 | 14 | 33 | 6 | 30 | 10 | 8 | 49 | 2 | 3 | 71 | 33 | +| 1 | 15 | 18 | 1 | 31 | 27 | 2 | 50 | 14 | 6 | 71 | 14 | +| 4 | 15 | 36 | 2 | 31 | 24 | 4 | 50 | 3 | 7 | 71 | 12 | +| 7 | 15 | 34 | 3 | 31 | 26 | 7 | 50 | 12 | 4 | 72 | 25 | + +**Table 2 – Information part code table of (3840, 3456) LDPC code** + +| I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | I | J | R | +|---|----|----|---|----|----|---|----|----|---|----|----| +| 8 | 15 | 11 | 4 | 31 | 35 | 2 | 51 | 27 | 5 | 72 | 0 | +| 2 | 16 | 27 | 1 | 32 | 20 | 3 | 51 | 8 | 8 | 72 | 20 | +| 5 | 16 | 45 | 3 | 32 | 4 | 5 | 51 | 39 | | | | +| 6 | 16 | 8 | 7 | 32 | 34 | 2 | 52 | 40 | | | | +| 7 | 16 | 47 | 8 | 32 | 47 | 3 | 52 | 15 | | | | + +The parity part of the (3840, 3456) LDPC parity matrix is transformed from a dual diagonal matrix. The dual diagonal matrix is shown in Figure 2. + +The transformation rule moves the $i$ th row to the $i'$ th row, which is shown in Equation (1) in detail. For (3840, 3456) codes, the size of code block $q$ in Equation (1) equals 48. + +## 6.4 Constellation mapping + +### 6.4.1 Overview + +The constellation mapping unit is required to support differential quadrature reference phase-shift keying (DQPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), 8 quadrature amplitude modulation (8QAM), 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, 2048QAM and 4096QAM constellations. The input bit order of constellation mapping is shown in Figure 3. + +![Diagram showing the input bit order of constellation mapping. A top box contains bits c_0, ..., c_{n-1}, ... . Three arrows point down from this box to a bottom box containing bits b_{n-1}, ..., b_0. To the left of the bottom box, text lists modulation types: DQPSK, QPSK, 8QAM, ..., 4096QAM. To the right of the bottom box, text reads J.196.2(16)_F03.](cb4cfa42ce34febde7bdb882f3fc3094_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the input bit order of constellation mapping. A top box contains bits c\_0, ..., c\_{n-1}, ... . Three arrows point down from this box to a bottom box containing bits b\_{n-1}, ..., b\_0. To the left of the bottom box, text lists modulation types: DQPSK, QPSK, 8QAM, ..., 4096QAM. To the right of the bottom box, text reads J.196.2(16)\_F03. + +**Figure 3 – Input bit order of constellation mapping** + +The input bit stream is in the order of $c_0, \dots, c_{n-1}, \dots$ . According to different constellation modes, $n$ bits $\{b_{n-1}, \dots, b_0\}$ are taken from the bit stream and mapped into a constellation symbol, where $b_{n-1}$ is the first bit sent to the constellation mapping unit. + +### 6.4.2 DQPSK + +The method of DQPSK mapping and the value of the initial reference symbol $s_0$ are required to conform to clause 6.4.2 of [ITU-T J.195.2], but whether or not to output $s_0$ depends on the PHY layer frame type specified in this Recommendation. + +### 6.4.3 QPSK + +The QPSK mapping is required to conform to clause 6.4.3 of [ITU-T J.195.2]. + +### 6.4.4 8QAM + +The 8QAM mapping is required to conform to clause 6.4.4 of [ITU-T J.195.2]. + +### 6.4.5 $2^n$ QAM + +When $n = 4, 5, 6, \dots, 12$ , $2^n$ QAM is required to be obtained by rotating or translating QPSK or 8QAM. If the input bit stream of $2^n$ QAM is $\{b_{n-1}, \dots, b_0\}$ , it follows that the real part ( $I$ ) and imaginary part ( $Q$ ) of the output symbol of $2^n$ QAM are shown in Equation (2) and Equation (3) respectively. + +$$I_{2^n} = \begin{cases} (1 - 2b_{n-1})(I_{2^{n-2}} + 3 \times 2^{(n-5)/2}) & \text{for } n = 5, 7, 9, 11 \\ (1 - 2b_{n-1})(I_{2^{n-2}} + 2^{(n-2)/2}) & \text{for } n = 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 \end{cases} \quad (2)$$ + +$$Q_{2^n} = \begin{cases} (1 - 2b_{n-2})(Q_{2^{n-2}} + 3 \times 2^{(n-5)/2}) & \text{for } n = 5, 7, 9, 11 \\ (1 - 2b_{n-2})(Q_{2^{n-2}} + 2^{(n-2)/2}) & \text{for } n = 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 \end{cases} \quad (3)$$ + +### 6.4.6 Power normalization factor + +After constellation mapping, the modulated symbols are required to be normalized by a corresponding power normalization factor according to the constellation mode. The power normalization factors of DQPSK, QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, 2048QAM and 4096QAM constellations are shown in Table 3. + +**Table 3 – Constellation mapping normalization factor** + +| Modulation mode | Power normalization factor | +|-----------------|----------------------------| +| DQPSK | 1 | +| QPSK | $\sqrt{2}$ | +| 8QAM | $\sqrt{6}$ | +| 16QAM | $\sqrt{10}$ | +| 32QAM | $\sqrt{24}$ | +| 64QAM | $\sqrt{42}$ | +| 128QAM | $\sqrt{96}$ | +| 256QAM | $\sqrt{170}$ | +| 512QAM | $\sqrt{384}$ | +| 1024QAM | $\sqrt{682}$ | +| 2048QAM | $\sqrt{1536}$ | +| 4096QAM | $\sqrt{2730}$ | + +## 6.5 Constellation scrambler + +The constellation scrambler takes phase rotation of each constellation symbol carried by the sub-carrier according to the binary pseudo random sequence which is generated by the scrambler specified in [ITU-T J.195.2]. Prior to the first bit of each OFDM symbol, the scrambler is required to be initialized to initial phase "10010001 0110101" (from Bit15 to Bit1). The value of the phase rotation angle is calculated by the two low bits {Bit2, Bit1} of the scrambler as shown in Table 4. The scrambler shifting register shifts 2 bits after processing each constellation symbol. + +**Table 4 – Calculation of rotation angle** + +| {Bit2, Bit1} | Rotation angle (rad) | +|--------------|----------------------| +| 00 | 0 | +| 01 | $\pi/2$ | +| 10 | $\pi$ | +| 11 | $3\pi/2$ | + +## 6.6 OFDM modulation + +### 6.6.1 Overview + +An OFDM symbol consists of 2048 sub-carriers in one 128 MHz channel with sub-carrier spacing of 62.5 kHz. The sub-carrier numbering is shown in Figure 4. A set of sub-carriers at the zero frequency and frequencies on both sides of the zero frequency and on both channel sides are defined as unavailable sub-carriers, giving a total number of 66, while the others are defined as available sub-carriers, adding up to 1982. Available sub-carriers can be divided into data sub-carriers and pilot sub-carriers, for transferring constellation symbols and pilot symbols respectively. + +![Figure 4: OFDM sub-carrier numbering diagram. A horizontal bar represents sub-carriers from -1024 to 1023. The bar is divided into segments: -1024~-1002 (Idle), -1001~-11 (Valid), -10~10 (Idle), 11~1001 (Valid), and 1002~1023 (Idle). A legend below shows a white square for 'Valid sub-carriers' and a hatched square for 'Idle sub-carriers'. The text 'Sub-carrier NO.' is centered below the bar. The code 'J.196.2(16)_F04' is in the bottom right.](1a6a826cc13d4e964b7bda69508d78e6_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: OFDM sub-carrier numbering diagram. A horizontal bar represents sub-carriers from -1024 to 1023. The bar is divided into segments: -1024~-1002 (Idle), -1001~-11 (Valid), -10~10 (Idle), 11~1001 (Valid), and 1002~1023 (Idle). A legend below shows a white square for 'Valid sub-carriers' and a hatched square for 'Idle sub-carriers'. The text 'Sub-carrier NO.' is centered below the bar. The code 'J.196.2(16)\_F04' is in the bottom right. + +**Figure 4 – OFDM sub-carrier numbering** + +The whole 128MHz bandwidth is divided to 8 sub-channels (SCs) according to the sub-carrier numbering of an OFDM symbol. Each SC has a bandwidth of 16 MHz, consisting of 256 sub-carriers. The sub-carrier distribution for each SC is shown in Table 5, in which SC0 is the basic SC and SC1~SC7 are extended SCs. The functions of basic SC are PHY layer synchronization, signalling interaction and data information transmission. Extended SCs are mainly used to transfer data information and can be configured as closed or open. In addition, each extended SC can optionally be configured as basic SC by the system. + +**Table 5 – SC sub-carrier numbering** + +| SC numbering | Sequence number of sub-carrier | +|--------------|--------------------------------| +| 0 | -1024~-769 | +| 1 | -768~-513 | +| 2 | -512~-257 | +| 3 | -256~-1 | +| 4 | 0~255 | +| 5 | 256~511 | +| 6 | 512~767 | +| 7 | 768~1023 | + +### 6.6.2 OFDM modulation + +The frequency-domain symbols are modulated to every sub-carrier from left to right according to Figure 4. The sub-carriers in closed SC and the unavailable sub-carriers in open SCs are modulated with "0". The available sub-carriers in open SCs are modulated with the constellation symbols or pilot symbols. The modulated frequency-domain symbol $X(k)$ , $-N_s/2 \leq k \leq N_s/2 - 1$ is converted to time-domain signal by computing an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), which is mathematically defined by Equation (4). + +$$x_s(t) = \sum_{k=-N_s/2}^{N_s/2-1} X(k)e^{j2\pi k \Delta f_0 (t-T_{cp})}, \quad 0 \leq t \leq T_{OFDM} \quad (4)$$ + +Where, + +$N_s$ the total number of OFDM sub-carriers, which equals 2048 + +$\Delta f_0$ OFDM sub-carrier spacing, which equals 62.5 kHz + +$T_{CP}$ the time duration of the cyclic prefix of OFDM, whose value is described in clause 6.6.3 + +$T_{OFDM}$ the time duration of OFDM symbol, which equals $T_{CP} + T_U$ , where $T_U$ is the OFDM symbol body duration, which equals 16 $\mu\text{s}$ + +### 6.6.3 Cyclic prefix insertion + +In the time domain, an OFDM symbol consists of a CP and OFDM symbol body. The CP duration is defined as $T_{CP} = \alpha T_U$ , where the factor $\alpha$ can be 1/8, 1/16 or 1/32 according to the channel quality and the CP duration can be 2 $\mu\text{s}$ , 1 $\mu\text{s}$ or 0.5 $\mu\text{s}$ accordingly. The cyclic prefix insertion is shown in Figure 5. For each OFDM symbol, the last samples with appointed time duration are required to be copied to the head of the OFDM symbol, which forms the CP. + +![Figure 5 – Cyclic prefix insertion diagram. It shows a horizontal bar representing an OFDM symbol. The bar is divided into three parts: a grey 'CP' (Cyclic Prefix) section on the left, a white 'OFDM symbol body' section in the middle, and a grey section on the right. Below the bar, three time duration labels are shown: 'T_CP' for the CP section, 'T_U' for the symbol body section, and 'T_OFDM' for the total duration. A curved arrow at the top points from the end of the symbol body to the start of the CP section, indicating the cyclic prefix insertion process. The diagram is labeled 'J.196.2(16)_F05' at the bottom right.](40f30e4d577a17052f8b1e6dc802a0d8_img.jpg) + +Figure 5 – Cyclic prefix insertion diagram. It shows a horizontal bar representing an OFDM symbol. The bar is divided into three parts: a grey 'CP' (Cyclic Prefix) section on the left, a white 'OFDM symbol body' section in the middle, and a grey section on the right. Below the bar, three time duration labels are shown: 'T\_CP' for the CP section, 'T\_U' for the symbol body section, and 'T\_OFDM' for the total duration. A curved arrow at the top points from the end of the symbol body to the start of the CP section, indicating the cyclic prefix insertion process. The diagram is labeled 'J.196.2(16)\_F05' at the bottom right. + +Figure 5 – Cyclic prefix insertion + +# 7 PHY frame format + +## 7.1 Overview + +Six types of frames are defined in the HiNoC 2.0 PHY layer: downlink Probe (Pd) frame, downlink Data (Dd) frame, downlink Control (Cd) frame, uplink Probe (Pu) frame, uplink Data (Du) frame and uplink Report (Ru) frame. Pd and Pu frames are used to carry MAC signalling frames. Dd and Du frames are used to carry MAC data frames. Cd frame is used to carry MAC media access plan (MAP) frames. The Ru frame is used to carry MAC report (R) frames. + +The time-domain format of these PHY frames is shown in Figure 6 and the six PHY frame formats are shown separately in Table 6. The preambles are used for frame synchronization and frequency synchronization. + +![Figure 6 – PHY frame format diagram. It shows a horizontal bar representing a PHY frame. The bar is divided into two parts: a dashed 'Preamble A/B' section on the left and a solid 'Payload A/B/C/D' section on the right. The diagram is labeled 'J.196.2(16)_F06' at the bottom right.](61a1c017e34df13360be6319539570df_img.jpg) + +Figure 6 – PHY frame format diagram. It shows a horizontal bar representing a PHY frame. The bar is divided into two parts: a dashed 'Preamble A/B' section on the left and a solid 'Payload A/B/C/D' section on the right. The diagram is labeled 'J.196.2(16)\_F06' at the bottom right. + +Figure 6 – PHY frame format + +**Table 6 – PHY frame format** + +| Frame type | Preamble | Payload | +|------------|------------|-----------| +| Pd frame | Preamble A | Payload A | +| Dd frame | [None] | Payload B | +| Cd frame | [None] | Payload C | +| Pu frame | Preamble B | Payload A | +| Du frame | [None] | Payload B | +| Ru frame | [None] | Payload D | + +## 7.2 Preamble A + +Preamble A consists of a synchronizing signal $S_A(t)$ followed by a reserved signal $R_A(t)$ as shown in Figure 7. + +![Figure 7 – Preamble A format diagram showing two adjacent blocks: 'Synchronizing signal S_A(t)' and 'Reserved signal R_A(t)'. Below the diagram is the text 'J.196.2(16)_F07'.](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +Figure 7 – Preamble A format diagram showing two adjacent blocks: 'Synchronizing signal S\_A(t)' and 'Reserved signal R\_A(t)'. Below the diagram is the text 'J.196.2(16)\_F07'. + +**Figure 7 – Preamble A format** + +The duration of the reserved signal $R_A(t)$ is 0.125 $\mu\text{s}$ . The reserved signal $R_A(t)$ includes two time-domain signal samples $R_{A1}$ and $R_{A2}$ with a sampling rate of 16MHz, the default values of which are $(1 + j)/\sqrt{2}$ . + +The synchronizing signal $S_A(t)$ is composed of two same pseudo-random signals $S_{A,0}(t)$ . The duration $T_A$ of $S_A(t)$ is 3.875 $\mu\text{s}$ and it is generated according to Equation (5). + +$$S_A(t) = \begin{cases} S_{A,0}(t) & 0 \leq t \leq \frac{T_A}{2} \\ S_{A,0}(t - \frac{T_A}{2}) & \frac{T_A}{2} < t \leq T_A \end{cases} \quad (5)$$ + +$S_{A,0}(t)$ is defined by Equation (6). + +$$S_{A,0}(t) = \frac{e^{j\pi(\Delta f)_A t}}{\sqrt{N_A}} \sum_{k=-N_A/2}^{N_A/2-1} X_A(k) e^{j2\pi k(\Delta f)_A t} \quad 0 \leq t \leq \frac{T_A}{2} \quad (6)$$ + +Where, + +$N_A$ the number of sub-carriers of synchronizing signal in preamble A, which equals 248 + +$X_A(k)$ frequency-domain synchronizing signal on the $k$ th sub-carrier + +$(\Delta f)_A$ sub-carrier spacing of synchronizing signal in preamble A, which equals 516.1290 kHz. + +Equation (7) expresses the frequency-domain synchronizing signal $X_A(k)$ on each sub-carrier in preamble A. + +$$X_A(31i + m - 124) = Z(i)P_A(m), \quad i = 0, 1, \dots, 7, \quad m = 0, 1, \dots, 30 \quad (7)$$ + +$P_A(m)$ is defined by Equation (8). + +$$P_A(m) = \begin{cases} e^{j(\frac{16\pi}{N_A}n_{m,i} + \frac{\pi}{4})} & 2 \leq m \leq 14 \text{ or } 16 \leq m \leq 28 \\ 0 & m = 0, 1, 15, 29, 30 \end{cases} \quad (8)$$ + +Where, + +$n_{m,A}$ integers whose values are provided in Table 7 + +**Table 7 – Values of $n_{m,A}$** + +| $m$ | $n_{m,A}$ | $m$ | $n_{m,A}$ | +|-----|-----------|-----|-----------| +| 2 | 7 | 16 | 3 | +| 3 | 6 | 17 | 4 | +| 4 | 9 | 18 | 16 | +| 5 | 1 | 19 | 6 | +| 6 | 2 | 20 | 25 | +| 7 | 21 | 21 | 19 | +| 8 | 6 | 22 | 25 | +| 9 | 12 | 23 | 10 | +| 10 | 6 | 24 | 29 | +| 11 | 25 | 25 | 30 | +| 12 | 15 | 26 | 22 | +| 13 | 27 | 27 | 25 | +| 14 | 28 | 28 | 24 | + +$Z(i)$ is defined in Table 8. The parameter $i$ indicates the SC numbering. When $i = 0$ , $Z(i) = 1$ ; When $i > 0$ , $Z(i) = 0$ , except that if the $i$ th SC is configured as basic SC, the value of $Z(i)$ is non-zero. + +**Table 8 – Values of $Z(i)$** + +| $i$ | $Z(i)$ | +|-----|--------------------------------| +| 0 | 1 | +| 1 | 0 or $e^{j\pi/8}$ (optional) | +| 2 | 0 or $e^{j\pi/2}$ (optional) | +| 3 | 0 or $e^{-j7\pi/8}$ (optional) | +| 4 | 0 or 1 (optional) | +| 5 | 0 or $e^{-j7\pi/8}$ (optional) | +| 6 | 0 or $e^{j\pi/2}$ (optional) | +| 7 | 0 or $e^{j\pi/8}$ (optional) | + +## 7.3 Preamble B + +Preamble B consists of a synchronizing signal $S_B(t)$ followed by a reserved signal $R_B(t)$ as shown in Figure 8. + +| | | +|-------------------------------|--------------------------| +| Synchronizing signal $S_B(t)$ | Reserved signal $R_B(t)$ | +| J.196.2(16)_F08 | | + +**Figure 8 – Preamble B format** + +The duration of the reserved signal $R_B(t)$ is 0.0625 $\mu\text{s}$ . Reserved signal $R_B(t)$ includes one time-domain signal sample $R_B$ with a sampling rate of 16MHz, the default value of which is $(1 + j)/\sqrt{2}$ . The synchronizing signal $S_B(t)$ is a pseudo-random signal with the duration $T_B$ , which is equal to 3.9375 $\mu\text{s}$ ,and is generated according to Equation (9). + +$$S_B(t) = \frac{e^{j\pi(\Delta f)_B t}}{\sqrt{N_B}} \sum_{k=-N_B/2}^{N_B/2-1} X_B(k) e^{j2\pi k(\Delta f)_B t} \quad 0 \leq t \leq T_B \quad (9)$$ + +Where, + +$N_B$ ——the number of sub-carriers of synchronizing signal in preamble B, which equals 504. + +$X_B(k)$ ——frequency-domain synchronizing signal on the $k$ th sub-carrier. + +$(\Delta f)_B$ ——sub-carrier spacing of synchronizing signal in preamble B, which equals 253.9683 kHz. + +Equation (10) expresses the frequency-domain synchronizing signal $X_B(k)$ on each sub-carrier in preamble B. + +$$X_B(k) = \begin{cases} e^{j(\frac{16\pi}{N_B}n_{k,B} + \frac{\pi}{4})} & -247 \leq k \leq -222 \text{ or } -220 \leq k \leq -195 \\ 0 & -252 \leq k \leq -248 \text{ or } k = -221 \text{ or } -194 \leq k \leq 251 \end{cases} \quad (10)$$ + +Where, + +$n_{k,B}$ ——integers whose values are provided in Table 9. + +**Table 9 – Values of $n_{k,B}$** + +| $k$ | $n_{k,B}$ | $k$ | $n_{k,B}$ | +|------|-----------|------|-----------| +| -247 | 60 | -220 | 59 | +| -246 | 48 | -219 | 5 | +| -245 | 60 | -218 | 3 | +| -244 | 35 | -217 | 23 | +| -243 | 12 | -216 | 35 | +| -242 | 0 | -215 | 30 | +| -241 | 19 | -214 | 0 | +| -240 | 60 | -213 | 59 | +| -239 | 20 | -212 | 25 | +| -238 | 46 | -211 | 17 | +| -237 | 58 | -210 | 15 | +| -236 | 30 | -209 | 21 | +| -235 | 0 | -208 | 12 | +| -234 | 51 | -207 | 0 | +| -233 | 42 | -206 | 33 | +| -232 | 48 | -205 | 5 | + +**Table 9 – Values of $n_{k,B}$** + +| | | | | +|------|----|------|----| +| -231 | 46 | -204 | 17 | +| -230 | 38 | -203 | 43 | +| -229 | 4 | -202 | 3 | +| -228 | 0 | -201 | 44 | +| -227 | 33 | -200 | 0 | +| -226 | 28 | -199 | 51 | +| -225 | 40 | -198 | 28 | +| -224 | 60 | -197 | 3 | +| -223 | 58 | -196 | 15 | +| -222 | 4 | -195 | 3 | + +## 7.4 Payload A + +### 7.4.1 Overview + +Payload A which consists of two OFDM symbols is used for Pd and Pu frames transmission. The basic SC of payload A is required to carry MAC signalling frames and the length of each MAC signalling frame equals 496 bits. The open extended SCs of payload A are required to transmit empty signalling frames and each empty signalling frame contains 490-bit '0'. The closed SCs of Payload A are prohibited from transmitting any frames. Figure 9 shows the generation process of a SC carrying a MAC signalling frame or an empty signalling frame. MAC signalling frames or empty signalling frames are transmitted in the following process: scrambler, FEC encoding, protected field insertion, DQPSK mapping and OFDM modulation into corresponding SCs. + +![Figure 9 – Generation process of payload A. The diagram illustrates the flow of data from a 496-bit MAC signalling frame through various processing stages. The stages are: MAC signalling frame or empty signalling frame (496 bits), Scrambler, FEC, Protected field insertion, and DQPSK mapping OFDM modulation. The output is shown as a grid of cells representing Frequency sc and Time OFDM symbol. A dashed line indicates the mapping of the processed bits into the grid. The diagram is labeled J.196.2(16)_F09.](d9c0a780cd22626253dab4aa41699e2f_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the generation process of payload A. It starts with a '496 bits' MAC signalling frame or empty signalling frame. This frame is processed through a 'Scrambler', then 'FEC' (Forward Error Correction), and 'Protected field insertion'. The resulting data is then processed through 'DQPSK mapping OFDM modulation'. The output is shown as a grid of cells representing 'Frequency sc' (vertical axis) and 'Time OFDM symbol' (horizontal axis). A dashed line indicates the mapping of the processed bits into the grid. The diagram is labeled J.196.2(16)\_F09. + +Figure 9 – Generation process of payload A. The diagram illustrates the flow of data from a 496-bit MAC signalling frame through various processing stages. The stages are: MAC signalling frame or empty signalling frame (496 bits), Scrambler, FEC, Protected field insertion, and DQPSK mapping OFDM modulation. The output is shown as a grid of cells representing Frequency sc and Time OFDM symbol. A dashed line indicates the mapping of the processed bits into the grid. The diagram is labeled J.196.2(16)\_F09. + +**Figure 9 – Generation process of payload A** + +### 7.4.2 Scrambler + +MAC signalling frames or empty signalling frames are required to be scrambled as described in clause 6.2. The scrambler is required to be reset at the beginning of each frame. + +### 7.4.3 FEC encoding + +After being scrambled, the data bits are required to be FEC encoded using the (392, 248) truncated BCH code specified in clause 6.3.2. + +### 7.4.4 Protected field insertion + +After the above process, two 392-bit FEC code blocks are get. The process of protected field insertion is shown in Figure 10. Each FEC code block is required to be equally divided into two segments. Each segment is filled into the signalling data unit in a left-first order, being inserted with protected fields. + +![Diagram of protected field insertion showing a sequence of Protected field 1, Signalling data, Protected field 2, Signalling data, and Protected field 3.](4b87467ad9642943235f48f7d4b59449_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | +|-------------------|-----------------|-------------------|-----------------|-------------------| +| Protected field 1 | Signalling data | Protected field 2 | Signalling data | Protected field 3 | +|-------------------|-----------------|-------------------|-----------------|-------------------| + +Diagram of protected field insertion showing a sequence of Protected field 1, Signalling data, Protected field 2, Signalling data, and Protected field 3. + +J.196.2(16)\_F10 + +**Figure 10 – Protected field insertion** + +The protection field definition is different according to different SCs. The protection fields are defined in Table 10. + +**Table 10 – Protected field definition** + +| SC number | Protected field 1 | Protected field 2 | Protected field 3 | +|-----------|--------------------------|-------------------|-------------------| +| 0 | 9-bit '1' and 1-bit '0' | 12-bit '1' | 52-bit '1' | +| 1,2,5,6 | 55-bit '1' and 1-bit '0' | 12-bit '1' | 52-bit '1' | +| 3 | 55-bit '1' and 1-bit '0' | 12-bit '1' | 32-bit '1' | +| 4 | 33-bit '1' and 1-bit '0' | 12-bit '1' | 52-bit '1' | +| 7 | 55-bit '1' and 1-bit '0' | 12-bit '1' | 8-bit '1' | + +### 7.4.5 DQPSK mapping + +After protected field insertion, the data bits are required to be mapped using DQPSK constellation specified in clause 6.4.2. However, the initial reference value $s_0$ is prohibited from being output. + +### 7.4.6 OFDM modulation + +In payload A, all of the 1982 available sub-carriers are data sub-carriers. The DQPSK symbols of one MAC signalling frame or empty signalling frame are required to be filled into a corresponding SC and then be OFDM modulated, generating two OFDM symbols. The process of OFDM modulation is specified in clause 6.6, where the CP duration $T_{CP}$ is fixed to 1 $\mu\text{s}$ . + +## 7.5 Payload B + +### 7.5.1 Overview + +Payload B which consists of several OFDM symbols is used for Dd and Du frames transmission, carrying MAC data frames. Figure 11 shows the generation process of a payload B. MAC data frames are transmitted in the following process: scrambler, FEC encoding, adaptive constellation mapping and OFDM modulation. + +![Figure 11: Generation process of payload B. The diagram shows a flow from MAC data frames through a Scrambler and then an FEC block. These are then mapped via Adaptive constellation mapping OFDM modulation onto a grid of sub-carriers (sc) over time (OFDM symbol).](7133ccf78043568ca62ecbcd43628a4a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the generation process of payload B. On the right, three horizontal boxes represent 'MAC data frames', 'Scrambler', and 'FEC' in descending order. Dashed lines connect these boxes to a grid on the left. The grid has 'Frequency sc' on the vertical axis and 'Time OFDM symbol' on the horizontal axis. The grid is filled with grey squares, with some squares on the right side having diagonal hatching. A dashed line labeled 'Adaptive constellation mapping OFDM modulation' points from the grid to the 'FEC' box. The text 'J.196.2(16)\_F11' is located at the bottom right of the grid. + +Figure 11: Generation process of payload B. The diagram shows a flow from MAC data frames through a Scrambler and then an FEC block. These are then mapped via Adaptive constellation mapping OFDM modulation onto a grid of sub-carriers (sc) over time (OFDM symbol). + +**Figure 11 – Generation process of payload B** + +### 7.5.2 Scrambler + +MAC Data frames are required to be scrambled as described in clause 6.2. The scrambler is required to be reset at the beginning of each Data frame. + +### 7.5.3 FEC encoding + +After being scrambled, the data bits are required to be FEC encoded using BCH or LDPC (option) codes as specified in clause 6.3. + +### 7.5.4 Adaptive constellation mapping + +In payload B, 1982 OFDM available sub-carriers is divided into 1920 data sub-carriers and 62 pilot sub-carriers. The sub-carrier distribution is described in clause 7.5.5. + +Sub-carrier grouping adaptive constellation mapping is adopted in payload B. 2048 OFDM sub-carriers are divided into 128 sub-carrier groups, where each group consists of 16 successive sub-carriers started from the left side. It is required to select a proper constellation for each sub-carrier group dynamically to adapt to the channel characteristics and form a constellation scheme for 128 sub-carrier groups. The constellation can vary from 2 to 12 bits per symbol (QPSK, 8QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, 2048QAM and 4096QAM) as specified in clause 6.4. According to the constellation scheme, the data bits are mapped into constellation symbols and then modulated onto the corresponding data sub-carriers. + +### 7.5.5 OFDM modulation + +The distribution of data sub-carriers and pilot sub-carriers is shown in Figure 12. The numbers of pilot sub-carriers are $\{32k_p + 16, -31 \leq k_p \leq 30\}$ and the others are data sub-carriers. + +![Figure 12: Distribution of OFDM sub-carriers. The diagram shows a horizontal axis for sub-carrier numbers from -1001 to 1001. Pilot sub-carriers are marked with upward arrows at specific intervals. Data sub-carriers are represented by white boxes, and idle sub-carriers are represented by hatched boxes at the ends of the spectrum.](ed4ac651ede0d26d4aeae595c3d8200c_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the distribution of OFDM sub-carriers. The horizontal axis is labeled 'Sub-carrier NO.' and ranges from -1001 to 1001. Above the axis, specific sub-carrier numbers are marked with upward arrows: -976, -944, -912, ..., -80, -48, -16, 16, 48, 80, ..., 912, 944, 976. These represent pilot sub-carriers. The axis is divided into two main segments: -1001~-11 and 11~1001. At the far ends of the spectrum (around -1001 and 1001), there are hatched boxes representing idle sub-carriers. The rest of the sub-carriers are white boxes representing data sub-carriers. A legend at the bottom shows a white box for 'Data sub-carriers', a hatched box for 'Idle sub-carriers', and an upward arrow for 'Pilot sub-carriers'. The text 'J.196.2(16)\_F12' is located at the bottom right. + +Figure 12: Distribution of OFDM sub-carriers. The diagram shows a horizontal axis for sub-carrier numbers from -1001 to 1001. Pilot sub-carriers are marked with upward arrows at specific intervals. Data sub-carriers are represented by white boxes, and idle sub-carriers are represented by hatched boxes at the ends of the spectrum. + +**Figure 12 – Distribution of OFDM sub-carriers** + +Each pilot sub-carrier is filled with a fixed pilot symbol. The pilot symbols corresponding to the pilot sub-carriers from the left side are as follows: + +$$\begin{aligned} & \{+1, -1, -1, +1, +1, +1, -1, +1, -1, +1, +1, -1, -1, -1, -1, +1, \\ & -1, +1, +1, +1, -1, -1, -1, +1, +1, -1, +1, +1, -1, +1, -1, -1, \\ & +1, -1, -1, -1, +1, -1, -1, +1, +1, -1, -1, +1, -1, +1, -1, +1, \\ & -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, +1, +1, +1, +1, +1, -1, +1, +1, +1\}. \end{aligned}$$ + +After sub-carrier grouping adaptive constellation mapping, constellation symbols are filled into data sub-carriers. According to the multiple access mode, the way of filling constellation symbols into sub-carriers can be based on time division multiple access (TDMA) mode or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) mode, where TDMA mode is the required basic mode and OFDMA mode is optional. + +- a) In TDMA mode, the constellation symbols of payload B can be filled into an arbitrary number of successive OFDM symbols and these OFDM symbols cannot be occupied by any other payload B. +- b) In OFDMA mode, the minimum unit for filling constellation symbols is called a symbol sub-cell (SSC). A SSC consists of 256 successive sub-carriers in an OFDM symbol and sub-carriers of different SSCs are non-overlapping. Each OFDM symbol contains 8 SSCs and the sub-carrier distribution for each SSC is the same with SC as specified in clause 6.6.1. Constellation symbols of payload B are filled into an arbitrary number of successive SSCs in sequence and the SSC cannot be occupied by any other payload B in case of not being filled up. SSCs are required to be filled from low to high in the frequency domain and from front to back in the time domain. + +Figure 13 is an example of SSC distribution in OFDMA mode. In Figure 13, each block represents a SSC. Constellation symbols of HM2's payload B are filled into the available SSCs of the same OFDM symbol from the one following the last SSC of HM1's payload B and from low to high in the frequency domain. When the constellation symbols cannot be filled into one OFDM symbol, the rest continue to be filled into the SSCs of the next OFDM symbol, until all the constellation symbols are filled into the OFDM symbols. + +![Figure 13: Example of sub-carrier filling. The diagram shows a grid of Symbol Sub-Cells (SSCs) arranged by Frequency (SC) on the vertical axis and Time OFDM symbol on the horizontal axis. The grid is divided into sections for different Home Modules (HMs). Payload B of HM1 is shown with diagonal hatching, Payload B of HM2 with cross-hatching, Payload B of HM3 with horizontal lines, and Payload B of other HMs is shown as empty cells. The filling pattern shows HM1's payload filling the first few columns, followed by HM2's payload filling the next columns, and so on. The label 'SSC' is placed in one of the empty cells.](48a4d999034fb203698ddc187c259679_img.jpg) + +Frequency SC + +Time OFDM symbol + +SSC + +Legend: + +- Payload B of HM1 +- Payload B of HM2 +- Payload B of HM3 +- Payload B of other HMs + +J.196.2(16)\_F13 + +Figure 13: Example of sub-carrier filling. The diagram shows a grid of Symbol Sub-Cells (SSCs) arranged by Frequency (SC) on the vertical axis and Time OFDM symbol on the horizontal axis. The grid is divided into sections for different Home Modules (HMs). Payload B of HM1 is shown with diagonal hatching, Payload B of HM2 with cross-hatching, Payload B of HM3 with horizontal lines, and Payload B of other HMs is shown as empty cells. The filling pattern shows HM1's payload filling the first few columns, followed by HM2's payload filling the next columns, and so on. The label 'SSC' is placed in one of the empty cells. + +**Figure 13 – Example of sub-carrier filling** + +OFDM modulation is performed after data sub-carriers and pilot sub-carriers are filled as specified in clause 6.6. + +## 7.6 Payload C + +### 7.6.1 Overview + +Payload C which consists of several OFDM symbols is used for Cd frames transmission. The basic SC and extended SCs of payload C are required to carry independent MAC MAP frames separately. Figure 14 shows the generation process of a SC carrying a MAC MAP frame. MAC MAP frames are transmitted in the following process: scrambler, FEC encoding, DQPSK mapping, constellation scrambler and OFDM modulation. + +![Figure 14: Generation process of payload C. The diagram illustrates the flow of data from a MAC frame through various processing stages. On the left, a grid represents the Time-OFDM symbol (x-axis) versus Frequency sub-carrier (y-axis). The grid shows several sub-carriers over time, with some cells shaded. Arrows point from this grid to a series of processing blocks on the right: 'DQPSK mapping constellation scrambler OFDM modulation', 'Protected field insertion', 'FEC', 'Scrambler', and finally 'MAC frame'. The 'MAC frame' is shown as a stack of three horizontal rectangles. The 'Scrambler' block is a single rectangle. The 'FEC' block contains several small rectangles, some of which are shaded. The 'Protected field insertion' block is a long horizontal rectangle with several small shaded rectangles inside it. The 'DQPSK mapping constellation scrambler OFDM modulation' block is a single rectangle. The diagram is labeled 'J.196.2(16)_F14' at the bottom right.](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +Figure 14: Generation process of payload C. The diagram illustrates the flow of data from a MAC frame through various processing stages. On the left, a grid represents the Time-OFDM symbol (x-axis) versus Frequency sub-carrier (y-axis). The grid shows several sub-carriers over time, with some cells shaded. Arrows point from this grid to a series of processing blocks on the right: 'DQPSK mapping constellation scrambler OFDM modulation', 'Protected field insertion', 'FEC', 'Scrambler', and finally 'MAC frame'. The 'MAC frame' is shown as a stack of three horizontal rectangles. The 'Scrambler' block is a single rectangle. The 'FEC' block contains several small rectangles, some of which are shaded. The 'Protected field insertion' block is a long horizontal rectangle with several small shaded rectangles inside it. The 'DQPSK mapping constellation scrambler OFDM modulation' block is a single rectangle. The diagram is labeled 'J.196.2(16)\_F14' at the bottom right. + +Figure 14 – Generation process of payload C + +### 7.6.2 Scrambler + +MAC MAP frames are required to be scrambled as described in clause 6.2. The scrambler is required to be reset at the beginning of each MAP frame. + +### 7.6.3 FEC encoding + +After being scrambled, the data bits are required to be FEC encoded using the (392, 248) truncated BCH code as specified in clause 6.3.2. + +### 7.6.4 Protected field insertion + +After being FEC encoded, the data bits are required to be inserted with protected fields as specified in clause 7.4.4. + +### 7.6.5 DQPSK mapping + +After protected field insertion, the data bits are required to be mapped using DQPSK constellation specified in clause 6.4.2. However, the initial reference value $s_0$ is prohibited from being output. + +### 7.6.6 Constellation scrambler + +After DQPSK mapping, the constellation symbols are required to be constellation scrambled as specified in clause 6.5. + +### 7.6.7 OFDM modulation + +In payload C, all of the 1982 available sub-carriers are data sub-carriers. The DQPSK symbols of one MAC MAP frame are required to be filled into a corresponding SC and then be OFDM modulated. The process of OFDM modulation is specified in clause 6.6. + +## 7.7 Payload D + +### 7.7.1 Overview + +Payload D which consists of several OFDM symbols is used for Ru frames transmission, carrying 18-bit-length MAC report frames. Figure 15 shows the generation process of a payload D. MAC report frames are transmitted in the following process: DQPSK mapping, repetition encoding, constellation scrambler and OFDM modulation. + +![Figure 15 – Generation process of payload D. The diagram illustrates the flow from a 18-bit MAC report frame through DQPSK mapping, repetition encoding, and constellation scrambling to OFDM modulation. The OFDM modulation stage is shown as a grid of sub-carrier groups over time. A legend indicates that one OFDM symbol consists of 10 sub-carriers. The diagram is labeled J.196.2(16)_F15.](9c1d3678db4a12d5864cb2a4def1135d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the generation process of payload D. It shows the flow from a 18-bit MAC report frame through DQPSK mapping, repetition encoding, and constellation scrambling to OFDM modulation. The OFDM modulation stage is shown as a grid of sub-carrier groups over time. A legend indicates that one OFDM symbol consists of 10 sub-carriers. The diagram is labeled J.196.2(16)\_F15. + +Frequency sub-carrier group + +MAC report frame 18 bits + +DQPSK mapping 10 symbols + +Repetition encoding 20 symbols + +Constellation scrambler + +OFDM modulation + +Time OFDM symbol + +□ One OFDM symbol 10 sub-carriers + +J.196.2(16)\_F15 + +Figure 15 – Generation process of payload D. The diagram illustrates the flow from a 18-bit MAC report frame through DQPSK mapping, repetition encoding, and constellation scrambling to OFDM modulation. The OFDM modulation stage is shown as a grid of sub-carrier groups over time. A legend indicates that one OFDM symbol consists of 10 sub-carriers. The diagram is labeled J.196.2(16)\_F15. + +Figure 15 – Generation process of payload D + +### 7.7.2 DQPSK mapping + +The 18-bit MAC report frame is required to be mapped using DQPSK constellation specified in clause 6.4.2, generating 10 constellation symbols, where the initial reference value $s_0$ is required to be output. + +### 7.7.3 Repetition encoding + +10 DQPSK symbols are required to be repeated once as a group, forming 2 groups of DQPSK symbols. + +### 7.7.4 Constellation scrambler + +After repetition encoding, the 20 DQPSK symbols are required to be constellation scrambled as specified in clause 6.5. + +### 7.7.5 OFDM modulation + +In payload D, every 10 successive sub-carriers form a sub-carrier group for Ru frame (SCG\_Ru). Each OFDM symbol contains 160 SCG\_Rus, each one of which is numbered as SCG\_Ru( $m, n$ ), $m=0,1,2,\dots,M$ , $n=0,1,2,\dots,159$ , where $m$ indicates the $m$ th OFDM symbol in payload D and $M$ indicates the length (the number of OFDM symbols) of payload D and is configured by MAC layer. The OFDM sub-carrier numbering $k$ for the first sub-carrier of SCG\_Ru( $m, n$ ) is calculated by Equation (11). + +$$k=10n+56\left\lfloor \frac{n}{20} \right\rfloor -\Delta, \text{ Where } \Delta=\begin{cases} 1001, n-20\left\lfloor \frac{n}{20} \right\rfloor < 10 \\ 990, n-20\left\lfloor \frac{n}{20} \right\rfloor \geq 10 \end{cases} \quad (11)$$ + +SCG\_Rus in the basic SC are required to be available while that in extended SCs are alternative. Two groups of DQPSK symbols are modulated onto two SCG\_Rus appointed by MAC layer. After that, OFDM modulation is performed as specified in clause 6.6. + +# 8 Spectrum mask + +The spectrum mask of the transmitted signal is shown in Figure 16 and the spectrum mask parameters are shown in Table 11. + +![Figure 16 – Spectrum mask. The graph shows the Power Spectral Density (PSD) in dBm/Hz versus frequency. The curve is flat at PSD2 for frequencies below fL1 and above fH3. It rises linearly from fL1 to fL3, reaching PSD0. It remains flat at PSD0 from fL3 to fH3. It falls linearly from fH3 to fH1, reaching PSD2. The carrier frequency FC is marked at the center. Horizontal dashed lines indicate PSD0, PSD1, and PSD2 levels. Vertical dashed lines mark fL1, fL2, fL3, FC, fH1, fH2, and fH3. A label J.196.2(16)_F16 is in the bottom right.](23816aaa8e6defc50fc888da62fd59cc_img.jpg) + +Figure 16 – Spectrum mask. The graph shows the Power Spectral Density (PSD) in dBm/Hz versus frequency. The curve is flat at PSD2 for frequencies below fL1 and above fH3. It rises linearly from fL1 to fL3, reaching PSD0. It remains flat at PSD0 from fL3 to fH3. It falls linearly from fH3 to fH1, reaching PSD2. The carrier frequency FC is marked at the center. Horizontal dashed lines indicate PSD0, PSD1, and PSD2 levels. Vertical dashed lines mark fL1, fL2, fL3, FC, fH1, fH2, and fH3. A label J.196.2(16)\_F16 is in the bottom right. + +Figure 16 – Spectrum mask + +Table 11 – Spectrum mask parameters + +| Parameters | Frequency
MHz | PSD
dBm/Hz | +|----------------|------------------|------------------------------------| +| $F_C - f_{L1}$ | 65.40625 | $\text{PSD}_2 = \text{PSD}_0 - 60$ | +| $F_C - f_{L2}$ | 64 | $\text{PSD}_1 = \text{PSD}_0 - 50$ | +| $F_C - f_{L3}$ | 62.59375 | $\text{PSD}_0$ | +| $F_C$ | – | $\text{PSD}_0$ | +| $f_{H1} - F_C$ | 62.59375 | $\text{PSD}_0$ | +| $f_{H2} - F_C$ | 64 | $\text{PSD}_1 = \text{PSD}_0 - 50$ | +| $f_{H3} - F_C$ | 65.40625 | $\text{PSD}_2 = \text{PSD}_0 - 60$ | + +NOTE 1 – $\text{PSD}_0 \leq -71 \text{ dBm/Hz}$ . +NOTE 2 – $F_C$ is carrier frequency. + +# Appendix I + +## HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 PHY layer brief comparison + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +HiNoC 2.0 is the second generation HiNoC. HiNoC 1.0 refers to the HiNoC system defined in [ITU-T J.195.1], [ITU-T J.195.2] and [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +A brief comparison of HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 PHY layer is shown in Table I.1. + +**Table I.1 – HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 PHY layer brief comparison** + +| Key parameters/Mechanism | HiNoC 2.0 | HiNoC 1.0 | +|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------| +| Channel Bandwidth | 128 MHz/channel (supporting channel bundle) | 16 MHz/channel (supporting channel bundle) | +| Modulation | OFDM, Sub-carrier grouping adaptive modulation | OFDM, Sub-carrier adaptive modulation | +| Constellation | DQPSK, QPSK, $2^n$ QAM( $n=3,4,\dots,11,12$ ) | DQPSK, QPSK, $2^n$ QAM( $n=3,4,\dots,10$ ) | +| FEC | BCH, LDPC(option) | BCH | +| Frame Type | Pd frame, Dd frame, Cd frame, Pu frame, Du frame, Ru frame | Pd frame, Dd frame, Pu frame, Du frame | +| Duplex/Multiple access mode | TDD/TDMA, OFDMA | TDD/TDMA | + +# **Appendix II** + +## **Operational notes** + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Possible interference from or to the wireless signal or radiocommunication services, such as terrestrial broadcast, global system for mobile communications (GSM), 3G/4G, Wi-Fi and aeronautical navigation, might degrade the signal or service quality both in coaxial cable and in air and can even be risky to flight safety in the worst-case scenario. Therefore, any multiple systems operator (MSO) which plans to deploy HiNoC 2.0/1.0 should be cautious about the spectrum allocation, coaxial cable mounting and maintenance and equipment screening to minimize the risk from and to any other possible signal outside the coaxial cable. Specifically, any deployment of HiNoC 2.0 should not be within 1 km range of any airport. + +Frequency planning, safety and EMC requirements are a national matter and are not covered by this Recommendation. Compliance remains the operators' responsibility and any operator who needs to mitigate, calculate or estimate the EMC conditions of their network should refer to [b-ITU-T K.106], [b-ITU-T K.60], [b-ITU-R P.525], [b-ITU-R P.528] and [b-ITU-R P.1238-8]. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T K.60] Recommendation ITU-T K.60 (2015), *Emission levels and test methods for wireline telecommunication networks to minimize electromagnetic disturbance of radio services.* +- [b-ITU-T K.106] Recommendation ITU-T K.106 (2015), *Techniques to mitigate interference between radio devices and cable or equipment connected to wired broadband networks and cable television networks.* +- [b-ITU-R P.525] Recommendation ITU-R P.525 (2016), *Calculation of free-space attenuation.* +- [b-ITU-R P.528] Recommendation ITU-R P.528 (2012), *Propagation curves for aeronautical mobile and radionavigation services using the VHF, UHF and SHF bands.* +- [b-ITU-R P.1238-8] Recommendation ITU-R P.1238-8 (2015), *Propagation data and prediction methods for the planning of indoor radiocommunication systems and radio local area networks in the frequency range 300 MHz to 100 GHz.* +- [b-GY/T 297-2016] Chinese Standard GY/T (2016), *NGB broadband access system-Technical specification of HINOC2.0 physical and MAC layer.* + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series 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It features a blue globe with white lines representing latitude and longitude, and the letters 'ITU' in a bold, blue, sans-serif font superimposed on the globe. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +### **Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION - PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE - PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) - PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.196.3 + +# MAC layer specification for second-generation HiNoC + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.196.3 describes the medium access control (MAC) layer specification of second-generation high-performance network over coax (HiNoC) which provides 1 Gbit/s data transmission over coaxial networks. HiNoC consists of a HiNoC bridge (HB) and HiNoC modem (HM) as architectural functional entities and is layered as MAC layer and physical (PHY) layer. HiNoC 2.0 uses time division duplexing (TDD) to adjust the bandwidth for upstream and downstream feasibly. HiNoC 2.0 uses time division multiple access (TDMA) and optional orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). The HiNoC 2.0 MAC (HiMAC) layer is composed of the convergence sublayer (CS), the common part sublayer (CPS) and the security sublayer (SS). This Recommendation contains descriptions for HiMAC frame types, functions and mechanisms of CS and CPS. + +Edition 2.0 only updates the title of this and other HiNoC Recommendations without introducing any technical changes. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.196.3 | 2016-10-14 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13050 | +| 2.0 | ITU-T J.196.3 | 2024-03-26 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/15883 | + +## Keywords + +HiNoC, MAC layer, second generation HiNoC. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2024 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 | MAC layer structure ..... | 3 | +| 7 | MAC layer frame types ..... | 4 | +| 7.1 | Overview ..... | 4 | +| 7.2 | Signalling frame ..... | 4 | +| 7.3 | Control frame..... | 6 | +| 7.4 | Data frame ..... | 7 | +| 7.5 | Encapsulation of HiMAC frames into PHY layer frames ..... | 8 | +| 7.6 | Bit and octet transmission order in HiNoC 2.0 network ..... | 9 | +| 8 | Convergence sublayer..... | 10 | +| 8.1 | Function of the CS..... | 10 | +| 8.2 | Data frame framing/deframing ..... | 10 | +| 8.3 | Data frame retransmission ..... | 11 | +| 8.4 | Priority mapping..... | 16 | +| 9 | Common part sublayer..... | 16 | +| 9.1 | Medium access control and channel allocation ..... | 16 | +| 9.2 | Node admission ..... | 21 | +| 9.3 | Link maintenance ..... | 34 | +| 9.4 | Node quitting/deletion ..... | 43 | +| 9.5 | Network synchronization and ranging..... | 44 | +| 9.6 | Power control..... | 45 | +| | Annex A – Format of MAC layer frames ..... | 46 | +| A.1 | Signalling frame format..... | 46 | +| A.2 | Control frame format ..... | 57 | +| A.3 | Data frame format..... | 58 | +| | Annex B – MAC layer constants ..... | 61 | +| | Appendix I – Examples of data frame retransmission mechanism..... | 64 | +| | Appendix II – HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 MAC layer comparison ..... | 70 | +| | Bibliography..... | 71 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.196.3 + +# MAC layer specification for second-generation HiNoC + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the medium access control (MAC) layer protocol and is part of a series of second-generation high-performance network over coax (HiNoC) Recommendations for high speed data transmission over coaxial cable. + +This Recommendation applies to bi-directional high-performance wideband access digital systems that use coaxial cable connected between fibre-to-the-building and HiNoC modems (HMs). + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.195.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.1 (2024), *Functional requirements for first-generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.195.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.2 (2024), *Physical layer specification for first-generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.195.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.3 (2024), *MAC layer specification for first-generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.196.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 (2024), *Physical layer specification for second-generation HiNoC*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +- 3.1.1 control frame** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used for access control and channel allocation. +- 3.1.2 data frame** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used to carry data of the upper layer. +- 3.1.3 downlink** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Link from HiNoC bridge (HB) to HiNoC modem (HM). +- 3.1.4 MAP cycle** [ITU-T J.195.3]: A period of time planned by a MAP frame. +- 3.1.5 packing** [ITU-T J.195.1]: A procedure of combining multiple Ethernet medium access control (MAC) frames with the same destination and priority to form a high performance network over coax (HiNoC) MAC frame. +- 3.1.6 Pd cycle** [ITU-T J.195.2]: A time interval between two adjacent downlink Probe frames. +- 3.1.7 segmentation** [b-ITU-T X.233]: The act of generating two or more derived PDUs from an initial or derived PDU. The derived PDUs together carry the entire user data of the initial or derived PDU from which they were generated. + +**3.1.8 signalling frame** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used for node admission, node quitting/deletion and link maintenance. + +**3.1.9 uplink** [ITU-T J.195.2]: Link from HiNoC modem (HM) to HiNoC bridge (HB). + +## **3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation** + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +**3.2.1 Grouping-broadcast:** A transmission method for a HiNoC bridge (HB) to broadcast frames to the HiNoC modems (HMs) joined in a certain group with the group ID indicated in the frame headers, while the HMs that are not part of the group cannot receive the frames. + +# **4 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------| +| ARQ | Automatic Repeat Request | +| Cd | downlink Control | +| CP | Cyclic Prefix | +| CPS | Common Part Sublayer | +| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check | +| CS | Convergence Sublayer | +| Dd | downlink Data | +| Du | uplink Data | +| EISF | Extended Information Subframe | +| EMAC | Ethernet MAC | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| HB | HiNoC Bridge | +| HiMAC | HiNoC 2.0 MAC | +| HiNoC | High performance Network over Coax | +| HM | HiNoC Modem | +| IFG | Inter-Frame Gap | +| MAC | Medium Access Control | +| MAP | Media Access Plan | +| NHM | New HiNoC Modem | +| OFDMA | Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access | +| Pd | downlink Probe | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| PE | Parameter Element | +| Pu | uplink Probe | +| Ru | uplink Report | +| SC | Sub-Channel | +| SCG_Ru | Sub-Carrier Group for Ru frame | + +| | | +|------|----------------------------------------| +| SDL | Specification and Description Language | +| SDU | Service Data Unit | +| SS | Security Sublayer | +| SSC | Symbol Sub-Cell | +| TDMA | Time Division Multiple Access | +| TLV | Type-Length-Value | + +# 5 Conventions + +The keywords "**is/are required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +The keywords "**HiNoC 1.0**" indicate the HiNoC system defined by the ITU-T J.195-series Recommendations. + +The keywords "**HiNoC 2.0**" indicate the second generation HiNoC. + +# 6 MAC layer structure + +The HiNoC 2.0 MAC (HiMAC) layer is required to consist of the convergence sublayer (CS) and common part sublayer (CPS), and can optionally include the security sublayer (SS). The CS provides adaptation functions between the CPS and the higher layer, including address learning, packet forwarding table generation, priority mapping, framing/deframing and data frame retransmission (optional) functions. The CPS provides medium access control, channel allocation, node admission, node quitting/deletion and link maintenance functions. The SS defines the identity authentication mode, data encryption mode and secret key management mode. The structure of the HiMAC is shown in Figure 1. + +![Figure 1 – HiMAC structure diagram showing the protocol stack. At the top is the 'Higher layer'. Below it is the 'HiNoC MAC layer', which is divided into three sub-layers: 'CS' (Control Sub-layer) containing 'Address learning and forwarding table construction' and 'Priority mapping', 'Framing/deframing', and 'Data frame retransmission'; 'CPS' (Control and Protection Sub-layer) containing 'Media access control and channel allocation', 'Node admission', 'Link maintenance', and 'Node quitting/deletion'; and 'SS' (Signalling Sub-layer) represented by a hatched box. At the bottom is the 'HiNoC PHY layer'. Dashed lines separate the Higher layer from the MAC layer and the MAC layer from the PHY layer. A label 'J.196.3(16)_F01' is at the bottom right of the diagram.](a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg) + +Figure 1 – HiMAC structure diagram showing the protocol stack. At the top is the 'Higher layer'. Below it is the 'HiNoC MAC layer', which is divided into three sub-layers: 'CS' (Control Sub-layer) containing 'Address learning and forwarding table construction' and 'Priority mapping', 'Framing/deframing', and 'Data frame retransmission'; 'CPS' (Control and Protection Sub-layer) containing 'Media access control and channel allocation', 'Node admission', 'Link maintenance', and 'Node quitting/deletion'; and 'SS' (Signalling Sub-layer) represented by a hatched box. At the bottom is the 'HiNoC PHY layer'. Dashed lines separate the Higher layer from the MAC layer and the MAC layer from the PHY layer. A label 'J.196.3(16)\_F01' is at the bottom right of the diagram. + +**Figure 1 – HiMAC structure** + +When accepting protocol data units (PDUs) from the higher layer, the CS is required to first perform priority mapping and send these PDUs to the corresponding queues. The CPS is required to forward the HiMAC data frames and utilize report-authorization-based medium access control and channel allocation mechanism to transmit data between the HiNoC bridge (HB) and HM. + +# 7 MAC layer frame types + +## 7.1 Overview + +Three types of HiMAC frames are defined: signalling frame, control frame, and data frame. + +## 7.2 Signalling frame + +Signalling frames are required to provide the functions of the signalling exchange between the HB and HM during the node admission, node quitting/deletion and link maintenance. + +Signalling frames are divided into downlink signalling frames and uplink signalling frames. + +### a) Downlink signalling frame + +The generic format of the downlink signalling frame is shown in Figure 2. The frame consists of a frame header, payload, padding (optional) and tail. Specifically, the frame header and payload consist of fixed part and extended part (optional). The extended part follows behind the fixed part and is required to consist of the number of the type-length-value (TLV) coding blocks and one or more TLV coding blocks for future function supplement; the length of extended part is variable and the value can be found in Annex A.1.1. The padding field is required to be filled with bit '0' and its length is variable ( $\geq 0$ ) to guarantee that the length of the downlink signalling frame is a fixed value. The tail is required to be a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) sequence generated over all the fields before the tail. Its generator polynomial is defined in equation (1). + +$$g_1(x) = x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1 \quad (1)$$ + +A detailed definition of the payload field is provided in Annex A.1.1, in which fixed parts, extended parts and the TLV coding format are presented. + +![](5b4e774d63e0e0ed73801a9247755e5f_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|----------------------------------------|---------|---------|------| +| Downlink
signalling
frame header | Payload | Padding | Tail | +|----------------------------------------|---------|---------|------| + +J.196.3(16)\_F02 + +**Figure 2 – Generic downlink signalling frame format** + +HiNoC 2.0 is required to define the nine downlink signalling frame types listed in Table 1. + +**Table 1 – Downlink signalling frame types** + +| Frame type | Function | +|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| EMPTY | Used in downlink training and ranging | +| ADM_RES | Response to an admission request | +| REJ | Indicates that the HB refuses the admission request from the corresponding HM or will delete a corresponding HM from the network | +| ULINK_REPORT | Informs about the uplink parameters | +| ACK | Acknowledgement to DLINK_REPORT | +| CMP_REPORT | Advertises the downlink broadcast parameters/grouping-broadcast parameters of the network | +| LINK_UPDATE | Prompts HMs to update their link parameters | +| QUIT_ACK | Acknowledgement to QUIT | +| POWER_CTRL | Prompts an HM to adjust its transmission power gain | + +### b) Uplink signalling frame + +The generic format of the uplink signalling frame is shown in Figure 3. The frame consists of a frame header, payload, padding (optional) and tail. Specifically, the frame header and payload consist of fixed part and extended part (optional). The extended part follows behind the fixed part and is required to consist of the number of the TLV coding blocks and one or more TLV coding blocks for future function supplement; the length of extended part is variable and the value can be found in Annex A.1.2. The padding field is required to be filled with bit '0' and its length is variable ( $\geq 0$ ) to guarantee that the length of the uplink signalling frame is a fixed value. The tail is required to be 32-bit CRC sequence generated over all the fields before the tail. Its generator polynomial is defined in equation (1). A detailed definition of the payload field is provided in Annex A.1.2, in which fixed parts are presented. + +![](7c6d9bfe9c31ce872722d60b73d20df1_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|-----------------------------------|---------|---------|------| +| Uplink signalling
frame header | Payload | Padding | Tail | +|-----------------------------------|---------|---------|------| + +J.196.3(16)\_F03 + +**Figure 3 – Generic uplink signalling frame format** + +HiNoC 2.0 is required to define the seven uplink signalling frame types listed in Table 2. + +**Table 2 – Uplink signalling frame types** + +| Frame type | Function | +|--------------|---------------------------------------| +| EMPTY | Used in uplink training and ranging | +| ADM_REQ | Admission request of a new HM | +| ADM_ACK | Acknowledgement to ADM_RES | +| REJ_ACK | Acknowledgement to REJ | +| DLINK_REPORT | Informs about the downlink parameters | +| ACK | Acknowledgement to ULINK_REPORT | +| QUIT | Informs about quitting the network | + +## **7.3 Control frame** + +Control frames are required to provide the functions of channel allocation and queue information report, including two types of frames: media access plan (MAP) frame and report (R) frame. The transmission modes of these two types of frames are different. + +A MAP frame is generated by the HB and is used to broadcast the channel allocation information of each sub-channel (SC) to all the HMs in one MAP cycle. A detailed definition of the payload field is provided in Annex A.2. A MAP frame is encapsulated into a downlink control (Cd) frame in the PHY layer. + +The MAP frame format is shown in Figure 4 and consists of MAP cycle ID (MAP\_ID), first downlink node ID (FIRST\_D\_ID), first uplink node ID (FIRST\_U\_ID), symbol sub-cell (SSC) pattern (SSC\_MAP), padding field (PADDING), the first node ID indicating online state (FIRST\_ID\_OLI), HM node online state (HM\_STATE), automatic repeat request (ARQ) acknowledgement (ARQ\_FLAG) and CRC. The padding field is required to be filled with bit '0' and its length is variable ( $\geq 0$ ) to guarantee that the length of the MAP frame is a fixed value; a CRC is generated over all of the fields before the CRC field. The CRC generator polynomial is defined in equation (1). + +![Figure 4 – MAP frame format diagram showing fields: MAP_ID (8b), RSVD1 (8b), FIRST_D_ID (8b), FIRST_U_ID (8b), SSC_MAP (564b), Padding (variable), RSVD2 (12b), FIRST_ID_OLI (8b), HM_STATE (32b), ARQ_FLAG (64b), CRC (32b).](08441fa90c5fd11994626f662ac13f19_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | +|--------|-------|------------|------------|-------------------------|---------|-------|--------------|----------|----------|-----| +| 8b | 8b | 8b | 8b | 564b(SSC_MAP + padding) | 12b | 8b | 32b | 64b | 32b | | +| MAP_ID | RSVD1 | FIRST_D_ID | FIRST_U_ID | SSC_MAP | Padding | RSVD2 | FIRST_ID_OLI | HM_STATE | ARQ_FLAG | CRC | + +J.196.3(16)\_F04 + +Figure 4 – MAP frame format diagram showing fields: MAP\_ID (8b), RSVD1 (8b), FIRST\_D\_ID (8b), FIRST\_U\_ID (8b), SSC\_MAP (564b), Padding (variable), RSVD2 (12b), FIRST\_ID\_OLI (8b), HM\_STATE (32b), ARQ\_FLAG (64b), CRC (32b). + +**Figure 4 – MAP frame format** + +The R frame is generated by the HM and each HM is required to report its queue information to the HB for channel allocation. The R frame is encapsulated into the uplink Report (Ru) frame in PHY layer. + +The R frame format is shown in Figure 5 and consists of eight queue information indications (Q\_FLAGS), quitting indication (QUIT\_IND), link maintenance request indication (LM\_REQ), ARQ acknowledgement (ARQ\_FLAG), reserved (RSVD) and CRC. The CRC is generated over all the fields before the CRC field. Its generator polynomial is defined in equation (2). + +$$g_2(x) = x^4 + x + 1 \tag{2}$$ + +![Figure 5 – R frame format diagram showing fields: Q_FLAG#7 (1b), Q_FLAG#6 (1b), ... (1b), Q_FLAG#0 (1b), QUIT_IND (1b), LM_REQ (1b), ARQ_FLAG (1b), RVSD (3b), CRC (4b).](63e0c22852c26699d0bd095a2d796bab_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | +|----------|----------|-----|----------|----------|--------|----------|------|-----| +| 1b | 1b | 1b | 1b | 1b | 1b | 1b | 3b | 4b | +| Q_FLAG#7 | Q_FLAG#6 | ... | Q_FLAG#0 | QUIT_IND | LM_REQ | ARQ_FLAG | RVSD | CRC | + +J.196.3(16)\_F05 + +Figure 5 – R frame format diagram showing fields: Q\_FLAG#7 (1b), Q\_FLAG#6 (1b), ... (1b), Q\_FLAG#0 (1b), QUIT\_IND (1b), LM\_REQ (1b), ARQ\_FLAG (1b), RVSD (3b), CRC (4b). + +**Figure 5 – R frame format** + +## 7.4 Data frame + +Data frames (HiMAC data frames) are required to carry higher layer services. They are required to consist of a header, payload, padding and tail. The payload is required to consist of subframe headers and subframes. The data frame format is shown in Figure 6. + +![Figure 6 – HiMAC data frame format diagram showing the structure of a data frame with Header, Subframe header, Subframes, Padding, and Tail. The Header is 8b and contains NODE_ID, EH_FLAG, SUBFRAME_NUM, and segmentation flags. The Subframe header is 16b and contains SUBFRAME_HEADER 1 to N. The Subframes are 8b and contain TLV0 to TLVn and CRC. The Padding is 16b and the Tail is 16b.](eefe19c5e14dc4d6c316b7f7fbb7d7d7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the HiMAC data frame format. The main frame consists of a Header, Subframe header, Subframes, Padding, and Tail. The Header is 8b and contains NODE\_ID, EH\_FLAG, SUBFRAME\_NUM, and segmentation flags (First and Last). The Subframe header is 16b and contains SUBFRAME\_HEADER 1 to N. The Subframes are 8b and contain TLV0 to TLVn and CRC. The Padding is 16b and the Tail is 16b. + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|--|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|-------------------------|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|---------------|--|------------|--| +| Header (8b) | | | | | | Subframe header (16b) | | | | Subframes (8b) | | | | | | | | Padding (16b) | | Tail (16b) | | +| NODE_ID (8b) EH_FLAG (1b) SUBFRAME_NUM (3b) Head (1b) End (1b) Head (1b) End (1b) | | | | | | SUBFRAME_HEADER 1 SUBFRAME_HEADER 2 SUBFRAME_HEADER 3 ... SUBFRAME_HEADER N | | | | TLV0 ... TLVn CRC | | | | | | | | | | | | +| First segmentation Last segmentation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Figure 6 – HiMAC data frame format diagram showing the structure of a data frame with Header, Subframe header, Subframes, Padding, and Tail. The Header is 8b and contains NODE\_ID, EH\_FLAG, SUBFRAME\_NUM, and segmentation flags. The Subframe header is 16b and contains SUBFRAME\_HEADER 1 to N. The Subframes are 8b and contain TLV0 to TLVn and CRC. The Padding is 16b and the Tail is 16b. + +Figure 6 – HiMAC data frame format + +The data frame header is required to consist of a basic frame header and extended frame header (optional). The length of the basic frame header is two bytes, consisting of its transmitting/receiving node ID (NODE\_ID), extended header flag (EH\_FLAG), number of subframes contained in payload (SUBFRAME\_NUM), and information field relevant to identify the first and the last Ethernet MAC (EMAC) segment. + +If the EH\_FLAG field in the basic frame header is set to 1, it is indicated that the frame header contains at least one byte extended frame header. The first byte in the extended frame header consists of an extended header flag (EH\_FLAG), extended information subframe (EISF) flag (EISF\_FLAG) and sequence number for automatic repeat request (ARQ\_SN). If the EH\_FLAG field in the current extended frame header is set to 1, it is indicated that the next byte is still an extended frame header whose first bit is still defined as EH\_FLAG and other bits as reservation; If the EH\_FLAG field in the current extended frame header is set to 0, it is indicated that the current byte is the last byte in the frame header. + +If the EISF\_FLAG field in the first byte of the extended frame header is set to 1, it is indicated that the first subframe in the HiMAC data frame is the EISF, and other subframes are EMAC frames. The EISF is used to convey extended information like detail queue information reports and consists of a TLV coding field (the detailed definition is provided in Annex A.1.1) which is used to present extended information and a CRC field. A CRC is generated over all the fields before the CRC field. Its generator polynomial is defined in equation (1). The EISF is prohibited from being segmented, and it is required to be entirely encapsulated into one data frame payload. The format of the EISF is shown in Figure 7. + +![Figure 7 – EISF format diagram showing the structure of an EISF with TLV0 to TLVn and CRC. The TLV field is 8b and contains TYPE, LENGTH, and VALUE. The CRC is 32b.](3ad00ce93ad9dea9ee0f47535e5355e6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the EISF format. The EISF consists of a TLV coding field and a CRC field. The TLV field is 8b and contains TYPE, LENGTH, and VALUE. The CRC is 32b. + +| | | | | +|-------------------|--------|----------|-----| +| TLV0 ... TLVn | | | CRC | +| | | | 32b | +| TYPE | LENGTH | VALUE | | +| 8b | 8b | Variable | | + +Figure 7 – EISF format diagram showing the structure of an EISF with TLV0 to TLVn and CRC. The TLV field is 8b and contains TYPE, LENGTH, and VALUE. The CRC is 32b. + +Figure 7 – EISF format + +The data frame payload is required to consist of N ( $N \geq 0$ ) subframe headers and corresponding N subframes in front to back order. A subframe header presents the length of the corresponding subframe, in bytes. If the EISF is contained in the data frame payload, the EMAC frames are accommodated starting from the second subframe place following the EISF. + +The padding field is required to fill with bit '0' and its length is variable ( $\geq 0$ ) to guarantee that the length of the data frame is the fixed value $L_{\text{HIMAC}}$ . The tail of the HiMAC data frame is a CRC field and it is generated over all the fields before the CRC field. Its generator polynomial is defined in equation (3). + +$$g_3(x) = x^{16} + x^{12} + x^5 + 1 \quad (3)$$ + +## 7.5 Encapsulation of HiMAC frames into PHY layer frames + +### 7.5.1 Encapsulation of signalling frame into PHY layer Pd/Pu frame + +A HiMAC signalling frame is required to be encapsulated into a PHY layer probe frame as specified in clause 7.1 of [ITU-T J.196.2]. A downlink signalling frame is encapsulated into a downlink Probe (Pd) frame, while an uplink signalling frame is encapsulated into an uplink Probe (Pu) frame. + +If the bit length of the effective part of a signalling frame (including header, payload and tail) is less than $N_{\text{SF}}$ , it is required to be extended by appending padding bit '0' to the end of the payload of the signalling frame such that the total bit length of the padded signalling frame is equal to $N_{\text{SF}}$ . A signalling frame is encapsulated into a Pd/Pu frame as shown in Figure 8. + +![Diagram illustrating the encapsulation of a signalling frame into a Pd/Pu frame. The top part shows a 'Signalling frame' with four fields: 'Signalling frame header', 'Payload', 'Padding', and 'Tail'. A bracket above these fields indicates a total length of N_SF. An arrow points from the 'Payload' field of the signalling frame to the 'Payload A' field of the 'Pd/Pu frame' shown below. The 'Pd/Pu frame' consists of 'Preamble A/B' followed by 'Payload A'. A small label 'J.196.3(16)_F08' is in the bottom right corner.](16c1175b5f05a4b55e6d396fc51b15b3_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the encapsulation of a signalling frame into a Pd/Pu frame. The top part shows a 'Signalling frame' with four fields: 'Signalling frame header', 'Payload', 'Padding', and 'Tail'. A bracket above these fields indicates a total length of N\_SF. An arrow points from the 'Payload' field of the signalling frame to the 'Payload A' field of the 'Pd/Pu frame' shown below. The 'Pd/Pu frame' consists of 'Preamble A/B' followed by 'Payload A'. A small label 'J.196.3(16)\_F08' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 8 – Encapsulation of a signalling frame into a Pd/Pu frame** + +If the bit length of the effective part of a signalling frame is greater than $N_{\text{SF}}$ , it is required to fragment the signalling frame into signalling frame fragments with the structure specified in clause 7.2. The fragmentation mechanism is shown in Figure 9. The fragments belonging to one signalling frame are required to be reassembled by the receiver. + +![Figure 9: Fragmentation and encapsulation of a signalling frame fragment into a Pd/Pu frame. The top part shows a 'Signalling frame' consisting of a 'Signalling frame header', a large 'Payload', and a 'Tail'. This frame is divided into 'Signalling frame segments'. Each segment (1, 2, ... n) contains a 'Signalling frame header', a 'Payload segment', and a 'Tail'. Segment n also includes 'Padding'. Each segment is of length N_SF. These segments are then encapsulated into the 'Payload A' of a 'Pd/Pu frame', which is preceded by a 'Preamble A/B'. Dashed lines show the mapping from the original frame to segments and then to the final frame payload. Reference label J.196.3(16)_F09 is at the bottom right.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +Figure 9: Fragmentation and encapsulation of a signalling frame fragment into a Pd/Pu frame. The top part shows a 'Signalling frame' consisting of a 'Signalling frame header', a large 'Payload', and a 'Tail'. This frame is divided into 'Signalling frame segments'. Each segment (1, 2, ... n) contains a 'Signalling frame header', a 'Payload segment', and a 'Tail'. Segment n also includes 'Padding'. Each segment is of length N\_SF. These segments are then encapsulated into the 'Payload A' of a 'Pd/Pu frame', which is preceded by a 'Preamble A/B'. Dashed lines show the mapping from the original frame to segments and then to the final frame payload. Reference label J.196.3(16)\_F09 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 9 – Fragmentation and encapsulation of a signalling frame fragment +into a Pd/Pu frame** + +### 7.5.2 Encapsulation of control frame into PHY Cd/Ru frame + +A HiMAC media access plan (MAP) frame is required to be encapsulated into a PHY layer Cd frame as specified in clause 7.1 of [ITU-T J.196.2] and to not be fragmented. + +A HiMAC R frame is required to be encapsulated into a PHY layer Ru frame as specified in clause 7.1 of [ITU-T J.196.2]. Each HM is required to occupy two sub-carrier groups for Ru frame (SCG\_Rus) as specified in clause 7.7.5 of [ITU-T J.196.2] in PHY layer, whose numbering is allocated by the HB during the node admission/link maintenance process. + +### 7.5.3 Encapsulation of data frame into PHY Dd/Du frame + +A HiMAC data frame is required to be encapsulated into a payload B in a PHY layer data frame as specified in clauses 7.1 and 7.5 of [ITU-T J.196.2]. A downlink Data (Dd) frame is encapsulated into a PHY layer Dd frame, while an uplink Data (Du) frame is encapsulated into a PHY layer Du frame. + +When a PHY layer Dd/Du frame is forward error correction (FEC) encoded, the encapsulation method is shown in Figure 10. Each FEC block is required to encapsulate $N_{\text{HiMAC}}$ data frames and the HiMAC data frame length $L_{\text{HiMAC}}$ is required to be the effective length of FEC block $L_{\text{FEC}}/N_{\text{HiMAC}}$ , where the values of $N_{\text{HiMAC}}$ , $L_{\text{HiMAC}}$ , $L_{\text{FEC}}$ are presented in Table B.1. + +![Figure 10: Encapsulation of a data frame. The diagram shows a sequence of HiMAC frames, from 'HiMAC frame #1' to 'HiMAC frame #N_HiMAC'. Each HiMAC frame consists of four parts: 'Header', 'Payload', 'Padding', and 'Tail'. These frames are collectively grouped under a bracket labeled 'Effective length of FEC block'. An arrow points from this group to the 'Payload B' section of a 'Dd/Du frame'. Reference label J.196.3(16)_F10 is at the bottom right.](c67d21fb3d9042e88cdc669f071b4e7c_img.jpg) + +Figure 10: Encapsulation of a data frame. The diagram shows a sequence of HiMAC frames, from 'HiMAC frame #1' to 'HiMAC frame #N\_HiMAC'. Each HiMAC frame consists of four parts: 'Header', 'Payload', 'Padding', and 'Tail'. These frames are collectively grouped under a bracket labeled 'Effective length of FEC block'. An arrow points from this group to the 'Payload B' section of a 'Dd/Du frame'. Reference label J.196.3(16)\_F10 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 10 – Encapsulation of a data frame** + +## 7.6 Bit and octet transmission order in HiNoC 2.0 network + +The bit and octet transmission order is required to conform to clause 7.6 of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +# 8 Convergence sublayer + +## 8.1 Function of the CS + +The CS is responsible for receiving PDUs from the higher layer, mapping it to the CPS and executing the reverse operation. The PDUs from the higher layer include EMAC frames and optionally support other types of services which are not defined in this Recommendation. + +The specific functions of the CS are required to consist of address learning/forwarding table constructing, priority mapping, framing/deframing and data frame retransmission (optional). + +The address learning/forwarding table constructing function establishes the mapping between the higher layer PDU addresses and HiNoC node addresses. The address learning/forwarding table construction functions are only involved in inside module implementation, which are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +## 8.2 Data frame framing/deframing + +Before being transmitted in the HiNoC 2.0 system, EMAC data frames from the higher layer are required to be encapsulated into HiMAC data frames. All the fields from the destination address to the frame check sequence (FCS) field in an EMAC data frame are required to be framed. The HiMAC data frame framing/deframing function consists of data frame packing/unpacking and data frame segmentation/reassembly. + +The packing function encapsulates one or more EMAC frames/segments or EISF into one HiMAC data frame, which is then transmitted in the HiNoC 2.0 network. The data frame structure after packing is shown in Figure 11, where each HiMAC service data unit (SDU) is treated as a subframe corresponding to an EMAC frame/segment. If an EISF is included in the data frame, it is required to be accommodated in the first subframe. + +![Diagram illustrating EMAC frame packing in HiNoC 2.0. It shows the mapping of multiple EMAC frames/segments and an optional EISF into a single HiMAC data frame structure.](b90144cfbb81a2d610d920240fda689d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the process of packing multiple EMAC frames/segments and an optional EISF into a single HiMAC data frame. At the top, three boxes represent 'EMAC frame/segment', '...', and 'EMAC frame/segment'. Below them, a horizontal bar represents the 'HiMAC SDU' structure, which includes 'Subframe\_header 1', '...', 'Subframe\_header n', 'EISF (optional)', 'HiMAC SDU', '...', and 'HiMAC SDU'. A dashed arrow labeled 'Packing' points from the EMAC frames to the HiMAC SDU structure. Below the HiMAC SDU structure, a horizontal bar represents the 'Data frame' structure, which includes 'Header', 'Payload', and 'Tail'. A dashed arrow points from the HiMAC SDU structure to the Data frame structure, indicating the mapping of the HiMAC SDU structure into the Data frame structure. The text 'J.196.3(16)\_F11' is located in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram illustrating EMAC frame packing in HiNoC 2.0. It shows the mapping of multiple EMAC frames/segments and an optional EISF into a single HiMAC data frame structure. + +**Figure 11 – EMAC frame packing in HiNoC 2.0** + +The segmentation function divides one EMAC frame into two or more segments and accommodates them into different HiMAC data frames to be transmitted. An example of EMAC frame segmentation in the HiNoC 2.0 system is shown in Figure 12. + +![Figure 12: Example of EMAC frame segmentation in HiNoC 2.0. The diagram shows three HiMAC frames being transmitted. Above them, a large frame is segmented into three EMAC subframes: EMAC 1 (hatched), EMAC 2 (solid grey), and EMAC 3 (cross-hatched). The first HiMAC frame contains a Header, Subframe_header, EMAC 1, and Tail. The second HiMAC frame contains a Header, Subframe_header, EMAC 1 (partial), EMAC 2, EMAC 3 (partial), and Tail. The third HiMAC frame contains a Header, Subframe_header, EMAC 3 (partial), Padding, and Tail. Dashed lines connect the EMAC subframes to their corresponding segments in the HiMAC frames. The label 'J.196.3(16)_F12' is in the bottom right.](8fbdfc3d17fb1dae7b2d8f5a287fa9fc_img.jpg) + +Figure 12: Example of EMAC frame segmentation in HiNoC 2.0. The diagram shows three HiMAC frames being transmitted. Above them, a large frame is segmented into three EMAC subframes: EMAC 1 (hatched), EMAC 2 (solid grey), and EMAC 3 (cross-hatched). The first HiMAC frame contains a Header, Subframe\_header, EMAC 1, and Tail. The second HiMAC frame contains a Header, Subframe\_header, EMAC 1 (partial), EMAC 2, EMAC 3 (partial), and Tail. The third HiMAC frame contains a Header, Subframe\_header, EMAC 3 (partial), Padding, and Tail. Dashed lines connect the EMAC subframes to their corresponding segments in the HiMAC frames. The label 'J.196.3(16)\_F12' is in the bottom right. + +**Figure 12 – Example of EMAC frame segmentation in HiNoC 2.0** + +To implement the segmentation function, two 2-bit flag fields (F/L\_SEGMENTATION\_H/E\_FLAG) are defined in the HiMAC data frame header to indicate segmentation information about the first EMAC subframe and last EMAC subframe segment, respectively. The definition is shown in Table 3. + +**Table 3 – Segmentation flags definition of the first/last EMAC subframe** + +| Value | Function | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0b00 | This subframe is neither the first segment nor the last segment of an EMAC frame | +| 0b01 | This subframe is the last segment of an EMAC frame | +| 0b10 | This subframe is the first segment of an EMAC frame | +| 0b11 | This subframe is an entire EMAC frame | + +To guarantee the correctness of segmentation/reassembly, it is required that a segment which is not transmitted from the current transmitting EMAC frame should be transmitted prior to the other following EMAC frames which are waiting to be transmitted. One EMAC frame can only be transmitted in one MAP cycle, which means that transmitting an EMAC frame over multiple MAP cycles is prohibited. + +If an EISF is included in a HiMAC data frame, the segmentation flag of the first EMAC subframe corresponds to the first EMAC frame/segment right after the EISF. + +The HiMAC data frame payload after framing consists of $N$ ( $N \geq 0$ ) combined subframe headers and $N$ corresponding subframes. One subframe header corresponds to its subframe respectively; all the subframe headers are accommodated at the beginning of the data frame payload. + +The transmitted HiMAC data frames which have already been framed will be deframed (unpacked and reassembled) when they come to the CS of the destination node, and the EMAC frames and EISF will be recovered. + +## 8.3 Data frame retransmission + +### 8.3.1 Overview + +HiMAC can optionally utilize the data frame retransmission function. The retransmission function is only required to be utilized in HiMAC unicast data frame transmission. + +The main mechanisms of the data frame retransmission are as follows: + +- During an HM's node admission process, the HB will notify the HM via the downlink signalling frame whether it enables the data frame retransmission function or not. The HB can enable or disable the retransmission function of each HM independently. +- For an HM which has enabled the data frame retransmission function with the HB, the transmission procedure is described below: + +- 1) The transmitting node sends the receiving node the HiMAC data frames carrying a one-bit transmission sequence number. All the HiMAC data frames sent by this transmitting node to the same receiving node in one MAP cycle have the same transmission sequence number. After transmission, the transmitting node keeps all the data frames which have been sent right before. +- 2) The receiving node generates a one-bit acknowledgement depending on the received HiMAC data frames and feeds back to the transmitting node in the following MAP cycle via a MAP frame or an R frame. This one-bit acknowledgement responds to all the data frames which utilize the retransmission function in one MAP cycle from the transmitting node, representing the expected transmission sequence number. +- 3) The transmission node decides whether to retransmit or not according to the feedback acknowledgement. +- 4) The maximum transmission times of data frames is $N_{D\_T}$ . If the transmission times of data frames is greater than $N_{D\_T}$ , the transmitting node is prohibited from retransmitting them again. Instead, it updates the transmission sequence number and transmits the following new data frames. The value of $N_{D\_T}$ is defined in Table B.1. + +### 8.3.2 Data frame retransmission mechanism + +The HiMAC data frame retransmission procedure is required to be implemented by cooperation between the transmitting node and receiving node. + +- a) The procedure of the transmitting node + +As shown in Figure 13, the operation of the transmitting node is organized as follows: + +![Flowchart of the retransmission process for a transmitting node. The process starts with 'Start', followed by setting the transmission sequence number and feedback waiting flag. It then enters a loop checking for new data frames. If none, it checks for feedback. If feedback is received, it checks if it's correct. If correct, it resets the retransmission counter and checks if the waiting flag is valid. If valid, it invalidates the flag and checks if the sequence number matches the expected receiving sequence number. If it does, it clears old data. If not, it checks if the retransmission counter is below a threshold. If below, it retransmits the last MAP cycle and increments the counter. If above, it clears old data. If feedback is not received or incorrect, it increments the lost feedback counter and checks if it's below a threshold. If below, it clears old data. If above, it checks for new data frames. If none, it loops back to the feedback check. If new data frames are found, it increments the sequence number, sends frames, resets the retransmission counter, and sets the feedback waiting flag to valid, then loops back to the feedback check.](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Start]) --> SetSeq[Set transmission sequence number] + SetSeq --> SetFlagInvalid[Set feedback waiting flag to invalid] + SetFlagInvalid --> NewData{1) If there are new data frames to be transmitted?} + NewData -- No --> Feedback{2) If feedback is received?} + NewData -- Yes --> Transmit[1) Transmit data frames] + Transmit --> LostCounter0[1) Set lost feedback counter to 0] + LostCounter0 --> RetransCounter0[1) Set retransmission counter to 0] + RetransCounter0 --> SetFlagValid[1) Set feedback waiting flag to valid] + SetFlagValid --> Feedback + Feedback -- No --> LostCounterInc[3) Add 1 to lost feedback counter] + LostCounterInc --> LostCounterCheck{3) If lost feedback counter is smaller than ND_FB?} + LostCounterCheck -- Yes --> NewData + LostCounterCheck -- No --> ClearOldData3[3) Clear old data] + ClearOldData3 --> LostCounter0 + ClearOldData3 --> Feedback + Feedback -- Yes --> FeedbackCorrect{5) If feedback is correct?} + FeedbackCorrect -- No --> ClearOldData7[7) Clear old data] + FeedbackCorrect -- Yes --> RetransCounter0_2[6) Set retransmission counter to 0] + RetransCounter0_2 --> FlagValid{6) If feedback waiting flag is valid} + FlagValid -- Yes --> SetFlagInvalid_2[7) Set feedback waiting flag to invalid] + SetFlagInvalid_2 --> SeqEqual{7) If transmission sequence number is equal to expected receiving sequence number?} + SeqEqual -- No --> ClearOldData7 + SeqEqual -- Yes --> RetransCounterCheck{7) If retransmission counter is smaller than ND_T?} + RetransCounterCheck -- No --> ClearOldData7 + RetransCounterCheck -- Yes --> Retransmit[7) Retransmit the data frames of the last MAP cycle] + Retransmit --> RetransCounterInc[7) Add 1 to retransmission counter] + RetransCounterInc --> ClearOldData7 + ClearOldData7 --> NewData + ClearOldData7 --> Feedback + NewData -- Yes --> SeqInc[4) Add 1 to transmission sequence number] + SeqInc --> SendFrames[4) Send data frames] + SendFrames --> RetransCounter0_3[4) Set retransmission counter to 0] + RetransCounter0_3 --> SetFlagValid_2[4) Set feedback waiting flag to valid] + SetFlagValid_2 --> Feedback + +``` + +Flowchart of the retransmission process for a transmitting node. The process starts with 'Start', followed by setting the transmission sequence number and feedback waiting flag. It then enters a loop checking for new data frames. If none, it checks for feedback. If feedback is received, it checks if it's correct. If correct, it resets the retransmission counter and checks if the waiting flag is valid. If valid, it invalidates the flag and checks if the sequence number matches the expected receiving sequence number. If it does, it clears old data. If not, it checks if the retransmission counter is below a threshold. If below, it retransmits the last MAP cycle and increments the counter. If above, it clears old data. If feedback is not received or incorrect, it increments the lost feedback counter and checks if it's below a threshold. If below, it clears old data. If above, it checks for new data frames. If none, it loops back to the feedback check. If new data frames are found, it increments the sequence number, sends frames, resets the retransmission counter, and sets the feedback waiting flag to valid, then loops back to the feedback check. + +J.196.3(16)\_F13 + +**Figure 13 – Retransmission diagram of transmitting node** + +The transmitting node is required to set the initial transmission sequence number to 0, set the feedback waiting flag to invalid, and then implement the following steps: + +- 1) If the transmitting node has new data frames to send, it will send the new data frames to the receiving node. A one-bit transmission sequence number is required to be carried in the data frames. All the HiMAC data frames sent by this transmitting node in one MAP cycle are required to have the same transmission sequence number. After transmission, the transmitting node is required to keep all the data frames which have been sent right before, set the lost feedback counter and the retransmission counter to 0, set the feedback waiting flag to valid, and then go to step 2). + - 2) The transmitting node waits for feedback from the receiving node. If the transmitting node does not receive feedback in one MAP cycle, it is required to go to step 3), otherwise, go to step 5). + - 3) The transmitting node is required to add 1 to the lost feedback counter and check its value. If the value is less than $N_{D\_FB}$ , the transmitting node is required to go to step 2) in the next MAP cycle; otherwise, the transmitting node is required to clear all the old data, set the lost feedback counter to 0 and go to step 4). + - 4) If the transmitting node has new data frames to send, it is required to add one to the transmission sequence number in the modulo 2 addition mode, send the new data frames and then set the feedback waiting flag to valid. The transmitting node is required to keep the data frames which have been sent right before and go to step 2) again; If the transmitting node has no data frames to send, it is required to go to step 2) again in the next MAP cycle. + - 5) The transmitting node firstly makes the error check for the feedback information. If the feedback information is received correctly, the transmitting node is required to go to step 6); otherwise, go to step 3). + - 6) After the transmitting node receives the correct feedback, it sets the lost feedback counter to 0. If the feedback waiting flag is invalid, the feedback is discarded and the transmitting node is required to go to step 4); otherwise, go to step 7). + - 7) The transmitting node firstly sets the feedback waiting flag to invalid, and then compares the expected receiving sequence number in the feedback with its own transmission sequence number to decide whether the data frames sent in the last MAP cycle have been received correctly or not: + - If the expected receiving sequence number is the same as the transmission sequence number, it indicates that the data frames in the last MAP cycle were not received correctly. Then, the transmitting node will check the value of the retransmission counter. If the value is less than $N_{D\_T}$ , the transmitting node is required to resend the data frames which were sent in the last MAP cycle, add one to the retransmission counter, set the feedback waiting flag to valid and go to step 2) again in the next MAP cycle; otherwise, the transmitting node will not retransmit these data frames, instead it is required to clear the old data and go to step 4). + - If the expected receiving sequence number is not the same as the transmission sequence number, the transmitting node is required to clear the old data of the last MAP cycle and go to step 4). +- b) The procedure of the receiving node + +As shown in Figure 14, the operation of the receiving node is organized as follows: + +![Flowchart of the receiving node retransmission process. It starts with 'Start' and 'Expected receiving sequence number = 0'. A loop begins with decision '1) If any data frames received?'. If 'No', it goes to '4) Send feedback'. If 'Yes', it goes to decision '2) If there are any error in received frames?'. If 'Yes' (error), it goes to '3) Discard the frames'. If 'No' (no error), it goes to decision '3) If the transmission sequence number is equal to expected receiving sequence number?'. If 'No' (not equal), it goes to '3) Discard the frames'. If 'Yes' (equal), it goes to '3) Forward the data frames to higher layer', then '3) Add 1 to expected receiving sequence number', then '4) Send feedback'. Both '3) Discard the frames' and '4) Send feedback' lead back to the start of the loop at decision '1)'.](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Start]) --> Init[Expected receiving sequence number = 0] + Init --> D1{1) If any data frames received?} + D1 -- No --> F4[4) Send feedback] + D1 -- Yes --> D2{2) If there are any error in received frames?} + D2 -- Yes --> F3a[3) Discard the frames] + D2 -- No --> D3{3) If the transmission sequence number is equal to expected receiving sequence number?} + D3 -- No --> F3a + D3 -- Yes --> F3b[3) Forward the data frames to higher layer] + F3b --> F3c[3) Add 1 to expected receiving sequence number] + F3c --> F4 + F3a --> F4 + F4 --> D1 + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F14 + +Flowchart of the receiving node retransmission process. It starts with 'Start' and 'Expected receiving sequence number = 0'. A loop begins with decision '1) If any data frames received?'. If 'No', it goes to '4) Send feedback'. If 'Yes', it goes to decision '2) If there are any error in received frames?'. If 'Yes' (error), it goes to '3) Discard the frames'. If 'No' (no error), it goes to decision '3) If the transmission sequence number is equal to expected receiving sequence number?'. If 'No' (not equal), it goes to '3) Discard the frames'. If 'Yes' (equal), it goes to '3) Forward the data frames to higher layer', then '3) Add 1 to expected receiving sequence number', then '4) Send feedback'. Both '3) Discard the frames' and '4) Send feedback' lead back to the start of the loop at decision '1)'. + +**Figure 14 – Retransmission diagram of receiving node** + +The receiving node is required to set the expected receiving sequence number to 0 and then implement the following steps: + +- 1) The receiving node waits for receiving data frames. If the receiving node does not receive any data frames in one MAP cycle, it is required to keep the expected receiving sequence number unchanged and go to step 4); if it receives any data frames, it is required to go to step 2). +- 2) After receiving all data frames sent by the transmitting node in one MAP cycle, the receiving node error checks the data frames. If all the data frames in the MAP cycle are received correctly, go to step 3); if there any errors occurred in this MAP cycle, the receiving node is required to discard all the data frames received in this MAP cycle, keep the expected receiving sequence number unchanged and go to step 4). +- 3) The receiving node maintains a one-bit expected receiving sequence number and compares it with the transmission sequence number for every received data frame. If the transmission sequence number is the same as the expected receiving sequence number, the receiving node is required to receive and forward all the data frames sent by the transmitting node in this MAP to the higher layer, increase the expected receiving sequence number by one in modulo 2 addition mode, and go to step 4). If the transmission sequence number in any data frame is not the same as the expected receiving sequence number, the receiving node is required to discard all data frames sent by the transmitting node in this MAP cycle, keep the expected receiving sequence number unchanged and go to step 4). +- 4) The receiving node sends feedback information to the transmitting node in the next MAP frame or R frame. The feedback information includes the expected receiving sequence number. The receiving node is required to return to step 1). + +Examples of normal and abnormal transmission procedures are shown in Appendix I. + +## 8.4 Priority mapping + +The priority mapping function is required to conform to clause 8.3 of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +# 9 Common part sublayer + +## 9.1 Medium access control and channel allocation + +### 9.1.1 Overview + +The main mechanisms of medium access control and channel allocation are as follows: + +- a) Each HM is required to be admitted to the HiNoC 2.0 network before it can access the channel. +- b) The channel access of the HM is required to be completely and centrally controlled by the HB after the HM has been admitted into the network. +- c) The HB is required to divide the channel into several basic SCs and extended SCs in the frequency domain. The HM is required to utilize at least one basic SC and several extended SCs to communicate with the HB. +- d) The HB is required to divide the channel into continuous and non-overlapping time periods, each of which is called a MAP cycle. During a MAP cycle, the HB is required to broadcast to each HM node a MAP frame in each SC that announces the channel allocation plan of the following MAP cycle. +- e) Each HM is required to adopt the report-authorization mechanism to get access to the channel. For each MAP cycle, the HMs are required to transmit their upstream queue information in their own R frame slots separately. The HB is required to maintain each HM's downstream queue information and announce the channel allocation plan by broadcasting a MAP frame. +- f) In channel allocation, a quality of service (QoS) guarantee based on priority is required to be supported. +- g) Ranging and delay compensation are required to be supported. + +The constants referred to in clause 9.1, such as $T_{P\_IFG}$ , are defined in Table B.2. + +### 9.1.2 MAP cycle + +In the HiNoC 2.0 system, the Pd frames in the PHY layer are required to be transmitted periodically and the time interval between the start time of two adjacent Pd frames is called a Pd cycle which is equal to 65536 $\mu\text{s}$ . The time slots for transmitting Pu frames are reserved and it is required that one Pd cycle contains one Pu frame timeslot group. A Pu frame timeslot group is required to consist of nine continuously accommodated Pu frame timeslots and their inter-frame gaps (IFGs), wherein the fifth Pu frame timeslot is in the middle of the Pd cycle and the time interval between the start time of the fifth Pu frame and an adjacent Pd frame is 32768 $\mu\text{s}$ . An IFG is required to be reserved following each Pd/Pu frame, the value of which is provided by $T_{P\_IFG}$ . The MAC layer downlink/uplink signalling frames are conveyed by Pd/Pu frames. + +It is required to take the start time of a Pd frame as the HiNoC 2.0 network starting time in each Pd cycle. Except for the periodical transmission slots of downlink/uplink signalling frames, the entire time of the channel is required to be divided into continuous and non-overlapping MAP cycles. The relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles is shown in Figure 15. The start and end times of each MAP cycle are offset of the network starting time. A MAP cycle is prohibited from being split by a Pd or Pu frame. + +![Figure 15: Relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles. The diagram shows a timeline of Pd cycles and MAP cycles. A Pd cycle contains a Pd segment, a Pu group, and another Pd segment. The Pu group is further divided into segments for PU #1, PU #2, ..., PU #9. Each PU segment contains a P_IFG segment followed by one or more MAP cycles. The diagram is labeled J.196.3(16)_F15.](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +Figure 15: Relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles. The diagram shows a timeline of Pd cycles and MAP cycles. A Pd cycle contains a Pd segment, a Pu group, and another Pd segment. The Pu group is further divided into segments for PU #1, PU #2, ..., PU #9. Each PU segment contains a P\_IFG segment followed by one or more MAP cycles. The diagram is labeled J.196.3(16)\_F15. + +**Figure 15 – Relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles** + +As shown in Figure 16, 128 MHz channel is required to be divided into eight 16 MHz SC, wherein SC0 is the basic SC and SC1-SC7 are extended SCs. The HiNoC 2.0 system can optionally support to configure an extended SCs as a basic SC. Each HM is required to utilize at least one basic SC and 0 ~ 7 extended SCs to communicate with the HB. Each SC has a MAP frame in each MAP cycle. The allocation scheme of one SC in each MAP cycle is required to be scheduled by the MAP frame in the previous MAP cycle in the SC. For example, the allocation scheme of one SC in the Nth MAP cycle is required to be decided by the MAP frame in the (N−1)th MAP cycle of the SC. + +The length of the MAP cycle is required to be fixed, containing $N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}$ OFDM symbols and the time duration is required to be $T_{\text{MAP\_CYCLE}}$ . + +![Figure 16: MAP cycle on channel. This is a grid showing the allocation of MAP frames across 8 subchannels (SC0 to SC7) over three consecutive MAP cycles: (N-1)th, Nth, and (N+1)th. The vertical axis is frequency (f) and the horizontal axis is time (t). MAP frames are scheduled in a repeating pattern: SC0 has MAP0, SC1 has MAP1, SC2 has MAP2, SC3 has MAP3, SC4 has MAP4, SC5 has MAP5, SC6 has MAP6, and SC7 has MAP7. These frames repeat every cycle. The diagram is labeled J.196.3(16)_F16.](844077b3034f0030b404207db0ad76b4_img.jpg) + +Figure 16: MAP cycle on channel. This is a grid showing the allocation of MAP frames across 8 subchannels (SC0 to SC7) over three consecutive MAP cycles: (N-1)th, Nth, and (N+1)th. The vertical axis is frequency (f) and the horizontal axis is time (t). MAP frames are scheduled in a repeating pattern: SC0 has MAP0, SC1 has MAP1, SC2 has MAP2, SC3 has MAP3, SC4 has MAP4, SC5 has MAP5, SC6 has MAP6, and SC7 has MAP7. These frames repeat every cycle. The diagram is labeled J.196.3(16)\_F16. + +**Figure 16 – MAP cycle on channel** + +The structure of each MAP cycle is shown in Figure 17. A MAP cycle is required to consist of $(N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}-2)$ available OFDM symbols, wherein, the 5th to 7th symbols are used by the HB to transmit MAP frames; one to seven symbols between the $(N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}-11)$ th to $(N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}-5)$ th symbols are used by the HMs to transmit R frames and the symbol position for each HM to transmit R frames is required to be decided during node admission/link maintenance by the HB; The remaining symbols are used to transmit data frames. It is required that one OFDM symbol is prohibited from being used to transmit control frames and data frames simultaneously. + +![Figure 17 – MAP cycle structure. The diagram shows a grid of symbols (f) over time (t) for 8 subcarriers (SC0 to SC7). The cycle is divided into three main periods: 'Fixed downlink period' (symbols 1-11), 'downlink/uplink flexible period' (symbols 12 to N_MAP_SYMBOL-16), and 'Fixed uplink period' (symbols N_MAP_SYMBOL-15 to N_MAP_SYMBOL-1). The downlink period contains 3 MAP frame symbols (MAP0 to MAP7). The uplink period contains 7 available R frame symbols. The flexible period is marked with '...' and contains Dd and Du frames. The gap between the downlink and uplink periods is labeled T_R_IFG.](c5452f95f3b28f1bfe29e84fbc2e1267_img.jpg) + +Figure 17 – MAP cycle structure. The diagram shows a grid of symbols (f) over time (t) for 8 subcarriers (SC0 to SC7). The cycle is divided into three main periods: 'Fixed downlink period' (symbols 1-11), 'downlink/uplink flexible period' (symbols 12 to N\_MAP\_SYMBOL-16), and 'Fixed uplink period' (symbols N\_MAP\_SYMBOL-15 to N\_MAP\_SYMBOL-1). The downlink period contains 3 MAP frame symbols (MAP0 to MAP7). The uplink period contains 7 available R frame symbols. The flexible period is marked with '...' and contains Dd and Du frames. The gap between the downlink and uplink periods is labeled T\_R\_IFG. + +Figure 17 – MAP cycle structure + +It is required that the 1st to 11th symbols are fixed downlink period where only Cd frames and Dd frames can be transmitted; the $(N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}-15)$ th to $(N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}-1)$ th symbols are fixed uplink period where only the uplink control frames and Du frames can be transmitted; the 12th to $(N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}-16)$ th symbols are downlink/uplink flexible period where both Dd frames and Du frames can be transmitted, but it is prohibited that one OFDM symbol is used to transmit downlink frames and uplink frames simultaneously. + +The frame gap between an adjacent downlink symbol and uplink symbol or between an adjacent uplink symbol and downlink symbol is defined as R\_IFG, with its value $T_{\text{R\_IFG}}$ . + +### 9.1.3 Allocation of MAP cycle + +HiNoC 2.0 is required to adopt the report-authorization mechanism to implement the allocation of MAP cycles. + +Each HM is required to transmit R frames to the HB to report its queues information. The HB is required to generate a channel allocation scheme depending on the information from the HMs and local downlink queues information and announce the channel allocation scheme of the next MAP cycle via the MAP frames. The HB and HMs are required to transmit data according to the scheme indicated in the MAP frames. + +Each HM is required to utilize the Ru frame in the PHY layer to transmit R frames to the HB. The length of the R frame is $L_{\text{R\_FRAME}}$ bits, wherein an 8-bit Q\_FLAG field is required to indicate information of eight queues respectively. How to set the Q\_FLAG field is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +The HB is required to transmit a MAP frame in every SC simultaneously, the length of which is fixed to $L_{\text{MAP\_FRAME}}$ bits consisting of a MAP cycle ID (MAP\_ID), first downlink node ID (FIRST\_D\_ID), first uplink node ID (FIRST\_U\_ID), SSC pattern (SSC\_MAP), padding (Padding), the first node ID indicating online state (FIRST\_ID\_OLI), HM online state (HM\_STATE), ARQ acknowledgement (ARQ\_FLAG) and CRC fields. The definition of these fields follows: + +- MAP\_ID (8 bits): ID for the next map cycle which is scheduled in this MAP frame, wherein, the ID stands for the sequence number of this MAP cycle in the Pd cycle. Each node is required to obtain the map cycle start time from MAP\_ID. +- FIRST\_D\_ID (8 bits): The first node ID to be scheduled in downlink period (range:1~72). +- FIRST\_U\_ID (8 bits): The first node ID to be scheduled in uplink period (range:1~64). + +- SSC\_MAP ((2×NMAP\_SYMBOL+272) bits): SSC allocation result of the next MAP cycle scheduled in this SC, containing the function and the user of this SSC. The definition of SSC is required to conform to clause 7.5.5 in [ITU-T J.196.2]. + +An SSC\_MAP is required to consist of (NMAP\_SYMBOL+136) continuous codes. The length of each code is 2 bits. The definition of the codes is shown in Table 4. + +**Table 4 – Definition of codes in SSC\_MAP** + +| Value | Function | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0b00 | Idle SSC | +| 0b01 | SSC to transmit data frame | +| 0b10 | SSC to transmit MAP/R frame or be treated as transmission/reception gap | +| 0b11 | Node ID delimiter | + +According to the different functions, the codes are classified into functional code (0b00, 0b01, 0b10) and delimiter code (0b11). Each functional code in the SSC\_MAP is required to correspond to an SSC in order of next MAP cycle in this SC, the value of which stands for the function of the corresponding SSC. The detailed description of the functions of the codes follows: + +- When the code value is 0b00, the corresponding SSC is required to be idle. +- When the code value is 0b01, the corresponding SSC is required to be used to transmit data frames, and the node which occupies the SSC is decided by the delimiter code's position and the first downlink/uplink node ID. +- When the code value is 0b10, the corresponding SSC is required to be used to transmit MAP/R frames or be a transmission/reception gap, which is decided by the code's position in the functional code group. If the code is accommodated between the 5th to 7th functional codes, the corresponding SSC is required to be used to transmit the MAP frame; If the code is accommodated between the 12th to (NMAP\_SYMBOL−16)th functional codes, the corresponding SSC is required to be used to be the first transmission/reception gap; If the code is accommodated between the (NMAP\_SYMBOL−11)th to (NMAP\_SYMBOL−15)th functional codes, the corresponding SSC is required to be used to transmit R frames; If the code is accommodated at the NMAP\_SYMBOLth functional code, the corresponding SSC is required to be the second transmission/reception gap. +- When the code value is 0b11, it is a delimiter code to indicate the node ID of the node which occupies the SSC to transmit data frames. Each delimiter code in the SSC\_MAP field corresponds to a node ID. It is required that there are 136 delimiter codes in the SSC\_MAP field, wherein, the first 72 delimiter codes are required to correspond to 72 downlink node IDs in order (the first delimiter code corresponds to the node ID indicated in FIRST\_D\_ID field. The 65th to 72th delimiter codes stand for group node ID, corresponding to the group 0-7 in order), the last 64 codes are required to correspond to 64 uplink node ID in order (the first delimiter code corresponds to the node ID indicated in FIRST\_U\_ID field). + +When generating the SSC\_MAP field, functional codes and delimiter codes are required to be combined and permuted to form the allocation scheme of the next MAP cycle in the SC, which contains the function of the SSCs and the node ID which occupies the SSCs. + +Assuming that one functional code corresponding to one SSC to transmit data frame is between the nth delimiter code and the (n+1)th delimiter code, the first node ID in downlink period (FIRST\_D\_ID) is x and the first node ID in uplink period (FIRST\_U\_ID) is y, if $n < 73$ and $(n+x-1) \bmod 72 \neq 0$ , this SSC is occupied by the HB to transmit Dd frames to the node/group with node ID of $(n+x-1) \bmod 72$ ; if $n < 73$ and $(n+x-1) \bmod 72 = 0$ , this SSC is occupied by the HB to transmit Dd frames to the node with node ID of 72; if $n \geq 73$ and $(n+x-73) \bmod 64 \neq 0$ , this SSC is occupied by the node with node ID of + +$(n+x-73) \bmod 64$ to transmit Du frames to the HB; If $n \geq 73$ and $(n+x-73) \bmod 64 = 0$ , this SSC is occupied by the node with node ID of 64 to transmit Du frames to the HB. + +To guarantee the uniqueness of the SSC\_MAP coding, it is required that except for the last delimiter codes, both in downlink period and uplink period, the value of the functional code right behind other delimiter codes can only be 0b01 or 0b11; the value of the functional code right behind the last delimiter codes in downlink/uplink period can only be 0b10 or 0b01. + +An example of a MAP frame is shown in Figure 18 and the values of FIRST\_D\_ID and FIRST\_U\_ID is assumed to be 3 and 5, respectively. As presented in the figure, in the downlink period, there are four functional codes (0b01) indicating to transmit data frames and three special functional codes (0b11) between the first delimiter code and the second delimiter code, which indicates that the 1st to the 4th SSCs are allocated to HM3 to transmit Dd frames and the 5th to the 7th SSCs are used to transmit MAP frames. Similarly, the 8th to the 9th SSCs are allocated to HM6 to transmit Dd frames. In uplink period, the 1st to the 3rd SSCs are allocated to HM5 to transmit Du frames. + +![Figure 18: Mapping relationship between SSC_MAP and MAP cycle. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and how it maps to a MAP cycle. The top part shows the MAP frame structure with fields: MAP_ID, RSVD, FIRST_I_ID, FIRST_U_ID, SSC_MAP, Padding, FIRST_ID_OLI, HM_STATE, ARQ_FLAG, and CRC. The SSC_MAP field is expanded to show a sequence of functional codes (0b01, 0b11, 0b10) and delimiter codes (0b10, 0b01). These are grouped into Downstream (HM3, HM6) and Upstream (HM5) periods. The bottom part shows the MAP cycle structure, which is a sequence of functional codes (0b01, 0b11, 0b10) and delimiter codes (0b10, 0b01). These are also grouped into Downstream (HM3, HM6) and Upstream (HM5) periods. The MAP cycle is shown as a sequence of blocks: HM3, MAP, HM6, HM5. The mapping is indicated by arrows from the SSC_MAP field to the MAP cycle.](90ddb84c323b956e2d50a54d3f870566_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the mapping between the SSC\_MAP field in a MAP frame and the MAP cycle. The top part shows the MAP frame structure with fields: MAP\_ID, RSVD, FIRST\_I\_ID, FIRST\_U\_ID, SSC\_MAP, Padding, FIRST\_ID\_OLI, HM\_STATE, ARQ\_FLAG, and CRC. The SSC\_MAP field is expanded to show a sequence of functional codes (0b01, 0b11, 0b10) and delimiter codes (0b10, 0b01). These are grouped into Downstream (HM3, HM6) and Upstream (HM5) periods. The bottom part shows the MAP cycle structure, which is a sequence of functional codes (0b01, 0b11, 0b10) and delimiter codes (0b10, 0b01). These are also grouped into Downstream (HM3, HM6) and Upstream (HM5) periods. The MAP cycle is shown as a sequence of blocks: HM3, MAP, HM6, HM5. The mapping is indicated by arrows from the SSC\_MAP field to the MAP cycle. + +Figure 18: Mapping relationship between SSC\_MAP and MAP cycle. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and how it maps to a MAP cycle. The top part shows the MAP frame structure with fields: MAP\_ID, RSVD, FIRST\_I\_ID, FIRST\_U\_ID, SSC\_MAP, Padding, FIRST\_ID\_OLI, HM\_STATE, ARQ\_FLAG, and CRC. The SSC\_MAP field is expanded to show a sequence of functional codes (0b01, 0b11, 0b10) and delimiter codes (0b10, 0b01). These are grouped into Downstream (HM3, HM6) and Upstream (HM5) periods. The bottom part shows the MAP cycle structure, which is a sequence of functional codes (0b01, 0b11, 0b10) and delimiter codes (0b10, 0b01). These are also grouped into Downstream (HM3, HM6) and Upstream (HM5) periods. The MAP cycle is shown as a sequence of blocks: HM3, MAP, HM6, HM5. The mapping is indicated by arrows from the SSC\_MAP field to the MAP cycle. + +**Figure 18 – Mapping relationship between SSC\_MAP and MAP cycle** + +- FIRST\_ID\_OLI (8 bits): The first node ID from which the continuous 32 HMs' online states are indicated in the following 32-bit HM\_STATE field. +- HM\_STATE (32 bits): The continuous 32 HMs' online state indication field beginning from the node ID indicated by FIRST\_ID\_OLI. Assuming that the value in FIRST\_ID\_OLI field is $i$ , this field indicates online states of the HMs whose node ID starts from $i$ to $(i+31) \bmod 64$ continuously in an increasing order (when $(i+31) \bmod 64 = 0$ , node ID is 64). +- ARQ\_FLAG (64 bits): Acknowledgement of data frame, only available when the ARQ mechanism is enabled. +- CRC (32 bits): Cyclic redundancy check. + +Each HM is required to obtain one SC's channel allocation scheme of next MAP cycle by the MAP frames received in the SC, and combine all the MAP frames it receives in every occupying SC to get its allocation scheme of next MAP cycle. + +HiNoC 2.0 is required to support time division multiple access (TDMA) mode and can optionally support orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) mode for channel allocation. An example of MAP cycle channel allocation in TDMA and OFDMA mode is shown in Figure 19 a) and Figure 19 b), respectively. + +![Figure 19: Example of MAP cycle allocation scheme. The figure contains two sub-diagrams, (a) TDMA and (b) OFDMA, showing channel allocation across Frequency SC (y-axis) and OFDM symbol (x-axis). A legend at the bottom identifies four types of Home Modules (HM): HM 1 (hatched), HM 2 (solid grey), HM 3 (cross-hatched), and Other HM (white). In (a) TDMA, HM 1, 2, and 3 are allocated to specific frequency subcarriers across all symbols. In (b) OFDMA, the allocation is more complex, with HM 1, 2, and 3 occupying different sets of subcarriers in different symbols.](8765ca4dff337b88338ec4e3fa1e14c9_img.jpg) + +Figure 19: Example of MAP cycle allocation scheme. The figure contains two sub-diagrams, (a) TDMA and (b) OFDMA, showing channel allocation across Frequency SC (y-axis) and OFDM symbol (x-axis). A legend at the bottom identifies four types of Home Modules (HM): HM 1 (hatched), HM 2 (solid grey), HM 3 (cross-hatched), and Other HM (white). In (a) TDMA, HM 1, 2, and 3 are allocated to specific frequency subcarriers across all symbols. In (b) OFDMA, the allocation is more complex, with HM 1, 2, and 3 occupying different sets of subcarriers in different symbols. + +J.196.3(16)\_F19 + +**Figure 19 – Example of MAP cycle allocation scheme** + +When a new HM's node admission is complete, the HB is required to set the corresponding bit to 1 in the HM\_STATE field; If an HM finds its corresponding bit in the HM\_STATE field is 0, it is required to quit the network immediately. If the HB cannot receive the R frame from one HM in the continuous $N_{NO\_R}$ frame transmission slots, it is required to delete the HM from the network and to not allocate any channel resource to it. If an HM cannot receive its HM\_STATE indication in the MAP frame transmitted by the HB for the time duration of $T_{KA}$ , it is required to consider itself as being deleted from the network by the HB. Then, the HM can join the network again through the node admission process. + +## 9.2 Node admission + +### 9.2.1 Overview + +Node admission is the process in which a new HiNoC modem (NHM) joins an existing HiNoC 2.0 system after power-on initialization (or reset) through the interaction of signalling frames. + +#### a) MAC layer signalling frame channel + +The HiNoC 2.0 system is required to utilize MAC layer signalling frame channel to make signalling frame interaction. The signalling frame channel is shown in Figure 20. + +![Figure 20: The structure of MAC layer signalling frame channel. The diagram shows a frequency (f) vs. time (t) plot. A vertical axis on the left lists channels: Channel 7, Channel 6, ..., Channel 0. A horizontal axis at the bottom shows time. A 'Pd' (downlink) frame slot is shown at the beginning and end, each containing channels 0-7. Between them are 'Pu' (uplink) frame slots. The first Pu slot contains Channel 0. Subsequent Pu slots contain Channel 3, Channel 4, and Channel 7. A dashed box labeled '1.0 channel' is positioned between Channel 3 and Channel 4. A horizontal double-headed arrow indicates a duration of 32768 us from the start of the Pd cycle to the start of the fifth Pu slot. Another horizontal double-headed arrow indicates the full 'Pd cycle (65536 us)' from the start of the first Pd slot to the start of the second Pd slot. The text 'J.196.3(16)_F20' is in the bottom right corner.](8c348bf9c2c81b018017ae1d19506a9a_img.jpg) + +Figure 20: The structure of MAC layer signalling frame channel. The diagram shows a frequency (f) vs. time (t) plot. A vertical axis on the left lists channels: Channel 7, Channel 6, ..., Channel 0. A horizontal axis at the bottom shows time. A 'Pd' (downlink) frame slot is shown at the beginning and end, each containing channels 0-7. Between them are 'Pu' (uplink) frame slots. The first Pu slot contains Channel 0. Subsequent Pu slots contain Channel 3, Channel 4, and Channel 7. A dashed box labeled '1.0 channel' is positioned between Channel 3 and Channel 4. A horizontal double-headed arrow indicates a duration of 32768 us from the start of the Pd cycle to the start of the fifth Pu slot. Another horizontal double-headed arrow indicates the full 'Pd cycle (65536 us)' from the start of the first Pd slot to the start of the second Pd slot. The text 'J.196.3(16)\_F20' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 20 –The structure of MAC layer signalling frame channel** + +The relationship between signalling frame channels and Pd/Pu frame slots, as well as the characteristic of the channels is organized as follows: + +- 1) One Pd cycle is required to contain 1 Pd frame slot and 9 Pu frame slots. +- 2) The position of the Pd/Pu frame slots are fixed. Wherein, Pu frame slots are accommodated continuously, and the start time of the fifth Pu frame slot is at the middle of the Pd cycle, i.e., 32768 $\mu$ s to the start time of the current Pd cycle. +- 3) In the Pu slots, the fifth slot is required to be exclusively used for transmitting uplink signalling frames by the HiNoC 1.0 HM, and the HiNoC 2.0 HM is prohibited from using it. The remaining eight Pu slots are required to be used by the HiNoC 2.0 HM for transmitting uplink signalling frames. +- 4) In the Pd slot, Each SC is required to convey one downlink signalling frame channel. The number of these downlink signalling frame channels is channel 0 – channel 7. +- 5) For the eight Pu slots utilized by HiNoC 2.0, each slot is required to convey one uplink signalling frame channel. The number of these uplink signalling frame channels is channel 0 – channel 7. +- 6) Eight downlink signalling frame channels are required to correspond to eight uplink signalling frame channels, respectively according to the channel number. +- 7) Signalling frame channels consist of enabled signalling frame channels and disabled signalling frame channels. It is required that only enabled signalling frame channels are used to transmit downlink/uplink signalling frames. +- 8) In the Pd frame slot, the downlink signalling frame channel conveyed by the basic SC is enabled downlink signalling frame channel and the corresponding uplink signalling frame channel is enabled uplink signalling frame channel. +- 9) If there are $n$ ( $n > 1$ ) pairs of enabled signalling frame channels (option) in the system, the HB can utilize these $n$ pairs of enabled signalling frame channels to make a parallel signalling frame interaction with $n$ HMs independently during one Pd cycle to support multi-channel parallel node admission/link maintenance. + +#### b) Node admission process + +The interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process is shown in Figure 21. The process consists of the following six steps: + +- 1) Step 1: network searching, downlink power control, and downlink training +- 2) Step 2: ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK interaction +- 3) Step 3: DLINK\_REPORT interaction +- 4) Step 4: uplink power control, uplink training and ranging +- 5) Step 5: ULINK\_REPORT interaction +- 6) Step 6: CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE transmission. + +The HB makes power control and ranging with the HM/NHM through the node admission/link maintenance process; the detailed procedure is defined in clauses 9.5 and 9.6. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process between NHM and HB. The process consists of six steps leading to a steady state.](11edb7fcedf09ac6a817f8d7b8c61eec_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant NHM + participant HB + Note over NHM, HB: Step 1 + NHM->>HB: EMPTY(0, 0) + Note over NHM, HB: ... + NHM->>HB: EMPTY(0, 0) + Note over NHM, HB: Step 2 + NHM->>HB: ADM_REQ + HB->>NHM: ADM_RES + NHM->>HB: ADM_ACK + HB->>NHM: EMPTY(0/1, 1) + Note over NHM, HB: Step 3 + NHM->>HB: DLINK_REPORT fragment 1 + HB->>NHM: ACK(1) + Note over NHM, HB: ... + NHM->>HB: DLINK_REPORT fragment n + HB->>NHM: ACK(n) + Note over NHM, HB: Step 4 + HB->>NHM: EMPTY + NHM->>HB: POWER_CTRL + Note over NHM, HB: ... + HB->>NHM: EMPTY + HB->>NHM: EMPTY(0/1, 1) + Note over NHM, HB: ... + Note over NHM, HB: Step 5 + HB->>NHM: ULINK_REPORT fragment 1 + NHM->>HB: ACK(1) + Note over NHM, HB: ... + HB->>NHM: ULINK_REPORT fragment n + NHM->>HB: ACK(n) + Note over NHM, HB: Step 6 + HB->>NHM: CMP_REPORT fragment 1 + Note over NHM, HB: ... + HB->>NHM: CMP_REPORT fragment n + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times cyclically + HB->>NHM: LINK_UPDATE + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times + Note over NHM, HB: Normal communication / Steady state (state 9) + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F21 + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process between NHM and HB. The process consists of six steps leading to a steady state. + +**Figure 21 – Interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process** + +The parameters $x$ and $y$ of **EMPTY( $x, y$ )** in Figure 21 are defined as follows: $x$ represents the value of the **ADM\_FLAG** field in the header of the downlink **EMPTY** frame, and $y$ represents the value of the **HINOC\_STATE** field in the header of the downlink **EMPTY** frame. The "0/1" in **EMPTY(0/1, 1)** indicates that the value of the **ADM\_FLAG** field is required to be set to "1" or "0" by the HB, based on whether the current network allows the admission of a new node or not. + +The parameter $n$ of **ACK( $n$ )** represents the value of the **ACK\_SN** field in the uplink/downlink **ACK** frame. + +Node admission process includes ten relative states presented as follows: + +- 1) State 0 (S0): network searching +- 2) State 1 (S1): downlink power control and downlink training +- 3) State 2 (S2): ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES frames interaction +- 4) State 3 (S3): ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK frames interaction +- 5) State 4 (S4): DLINK\_REPORT fragments interaction +- 6) State 5 (S5): uplink power control +- 7) State 6 (S6): uplink training and ranging +- 8) State 7 (S7): ULINK\_REPORT fragments interaction +- 9) State 8 (S8): CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE frames transmission +- 10) State 9 (S9): steady state. + +An example of a normal state transition diagram in the node admission process of the HB and the NHM is shown in Figures 22 and 23, respectively. An example of the detailed corresponding specification and description language (SDL) representation in the node admission process is given in Appendix I of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +A HiNoC 2.0 HB is required to compatibly admit a HiNoC 1.0 HM to join the network. When the HiNoC 1.0 HM receives a downlink signalling frame, the HM is required to check the relative fields to decide whether it can join the network or not. If it is admitted, the HM will send an ADM\_REQ frame to the HB; When the HB receives an ADM\_REQ frame from the HiNoC 1.0 HM, the HB is required to decide whether to allow the HM to join the network or not. If it is allowed, the HB and the HM are required to follow the node admission process defined in HiNoC 1.0. In the procedure, the signalling frames that interact between the HB and HM are HiNoC 1.0 signalling frames; the detailed process of HiNoC 1.0 node admission is specified in [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +After LINK\_UPDATE transmission has finished, both the NHM/HMs and HB are required to end the node admission process, advance to steady state (state 9) and begin to transmit and receive MAC layer data normally. + +Node admission consists of two cases, depending on the state of the HB. The first case is that the HB is powered on (or reset) to build a new HiNoC 2.0 network. The second case is that the HiNoC 2.0 network has been built and the HB is in steady state with existing nodes connected. The two cases differ only in step 1 of the node admission process. In particular, in the first case, the HB is required to start from state 0, while in the second case the HB is required to enter state 1 from steady state (state 9). In this Recommendation, the node admission process is specified only for the first case. + +In the node admission process, the HB/NHM can optionally start the node quitting/deletion process, as specified in clause 9.4, to terminate node admission. + +The constants referred to in clause 9.2, for example, TL1, are defined in Tables B.3 and B.5. + +![State transition diagram for HB node admission process. States: S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9. Transitions include network searching, ADM_REQ/RES, DLINK_REPORT fragments, and CMP_REPORT fragments.](692541e65db4dc852988ce77ebb60ce5_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> S0 + S0 --> S1 : Finish network searching/EMPTY(0, 0) + S1 --> S2 : ADM_REQ/ADM_RES + S2 --> S3 : ADM_ACK/EMPTY(0/1, 1) + S3 --> S4 : First DLINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S4 --> S5 : Last DLINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S5 --> S6 : Finish uplink power control/EMPTY(0/1, 1) + S6 --> S7 : Finish uplink channel training and ranging/First ULINK_REPORT fragment + S7 --> S8 : Last ACK/First CMP_REPORT fragment + S8 --> S9 : Send all the CMP_REPORT fragments and N02 times LINK_UPDATE + S9 --> S2 : ADM_REQ/ADM_RES + S9 --> S0 : REJ/REJ_ACK + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F22 + +State transition diagram for HB node admission process. States: S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9. Transitions include network searching, ADM\_REQ/RES, DLINK\_REPORT fragments, and CMP\_REPORT fragments. + +**Figure 22 – An example of normal state transition diagram in node admission process of HB** + +![State transition diagram for HM node admission process. States: S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9. Transitions include network searching, downlink training, ADM_REQ/RES, DLINK_REPORT fragments, and ULINK_REPORT fragments.](14252bcd35912bd656e98b16b2ee51c0_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> S0 + S0 --> S1 : Finish network searching + S1 --> S2 : Control and downlink channel training ADM_REQ + S2 --> S3 : ADM_RES/ADM_ACK + S3 --> S4 : EMPTY (0/1, 1)/First DLINK_REPORT fragment + S4 --> S5 : Last ACK/EMPTY + S5 --> S6 : Finish uplink channel training and receive EMPTY(0/1, 1)/EMPTY + S6 --> S7 : First ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S7 --> S8 : Last ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S8 --> S9 : Receive all the CMP_REPORT fragments and LINK_UPDATE + S9 --> S2 : ADM_REQ/ADM_RES + S9 --> S0 : REJ/REJ_ACK + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F23 + +State transition diagram for HM node admission process. States: S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9. Transitions include network searching, downlink training, ADM\_REQ/RES, DLINK\_REPORT fragments, and ULINK\_REPORT fragments. + +**Figure 23 – An example of normal state transition diagram in node admission process of HM** + +### 9.2.2 Step 1 + +Step 1 consists of two states: network searching (state 0), and downlink power control and downlink training (state 1). After power-on initialization (or reset), the HB and NHM are required to be in state 0 and network searching is required to be executed. Then, the NHM is required to execute downlink power control and downlink training by receiving downlink signalling frames. + +Network searching (state 0) consists of two modes: fixed-frequency network searching and switchable-frequency network searching. + +#### a) Fixed-frequency network searching + +In fixed-frequency network searching mode, the HB and NHM are required to build a network in the assigned frequency. + +Operations of the NHM: after powering up, the NHM is required to operate in the frequency configured by the system, set the initial receive power gain to the maximum and set timer TL1. + +- 1) If a downlink signalling frame with an error CRC checksum or no downlink signalling frame is received within a Pd cycle, the NHM is required to reduce receive power gain and wait to receive the downlink signalling frame in the next Pd cycle. +- 2) If a downlink signalling frame with a correct CRC checksum is received within a Pd cycle but indicates a mismatched network ID or no admission to the network, the NHM is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. +- 3) If a downlink signalling frame with a correct CRC checksum is received within a Pd cycle and indicates a matching network ID and new nodes admissible to the network, the NHM is required to cancel timer TL1, upon which network searching is complete. After that, the NHM is required to set timer TL2 and enter state 1 to conduct downlink power control and downlink training. +- 4) If timer TL1 expires, the NHM is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. + +Operations of the HB: after powering up, the HB is required to work in the frequency configured by the system, set timer TL1, and then monitor downlink signalling frames. + +- 1) If the HB receives a downlink signalling frame that indicates the channel is occupied, the HB is required to cancel timer TL1, terminate network searching and quit the node admission process; + - 2) If timer TL1 expires, which means that the channel is available, the HB is required to enter state 1 and transmit EMPTY(0, 0) frames periodically with the HINOC\_ID field indicating the network ID. +- b) Switchable-frequency network searching + +In switchable-frequency network searching mode, the HB and NHM are required to search an available channel automatically to build a network. + +Operations of the NHM: after powering up, the NHM is required to operate in the preset frequency, set the initial receive power gain to the maximum, and set timer TL1. + +- 1) If a downlink signalling frame with an error CRC checksum or no downlink signalling frame is received within a Pd cycle, the NHM is required to reduce receive power gain and wait to receive the downlink signalling frame in the next Pd cycle. +- 2) If a downlink signalling frame with a correct CRC checksum is received within a Pd cycle but indicates a mismatched network ID or no admission to the network, the NHM is required to switch to another frequency and reset timer TL1 to restart the network searching process. If there is no frequency available, the NHM is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. +- 3) If a downlink signalling frame with a correct CRC checksum is received within a Pd cycle and indicates the network ID matched and new nodes admissible, the NHM is required to cancel timer TL1 and network searching is required to be completed. After that, the NHM is required to set timer TL2 and enter state 1 to conduct downlink power control and downlink training. +- 4) If timer TL1 expires, the NHM is required to switch to another frequency, reset timer TL1 and restart the network searching process. If there is no frequency available, the NHM is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. + +Operations of the HB: after powering up, the HB is required to operate in the preset frequency, set timer TL1, and then begin to monitor downlink signalling frames. + +- 1) If a downlink signalling frame is received, the HB is required to cancel timer TL1, switch to another frequency and reset timer TL1 to restart network searching. If there is no frequency available, the HB is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. +- 2) If timer TL1 expires, which means that the channel is available, the HB is required to enter state 1 and transmit EMPTY(0, 0) frames periodically. + +After network searching is completed, the NHM/HB starts downlink power control and downlink training (state 1). + +Operations of the NHM: + +- a) The NHM is required to receive downlink signalling frames repeatedly to execute downlink power control, that is, to adjust the receive power gain accordingly. The maximum number of adjustments is N03: + - 1) If downlink power control is completed within N03 adjustments, the NHM continues to receive downlink signalling frames to execute downlink training. + - 2) If downlink power control is not completed after N03 adjustments, the NHM is required to terminate downlink power control and keep receiving downlink signalling frames to execute downlink training. +- b) When downlink power control and downlink training are completed and the HB is in admissible steady state, the NHM is required to cancel timer TL2, transmit the ADM\_REQ frame, set timers TA1 and T01 and enter state 2. +- c) If timer TL2 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the node admission process. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) HB is required to transmit EMPTY(0, 0) frames repeatedly with the HINOC\_ID field indicating the network ID. +- b) If an ADM\_REQ frame is received and the NHM is admissible to the network, the HB is required to transmit the ADM\_RES frame to assign a node ID and a group ID for the NHM, set timers TA1 and T01, and enter state 2. If it is not allowed to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection), quit the node admission process and enter state 9. + +### 9.2.3 Step 2 + +The interaction of ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK frames is executed in step 2. This step consists of two states: ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES frames interaction (state 2) and ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK frames interaction (state 3). When the network is in the admission process, the HB is required to guarantee that only one NHM is being admitted at any given time. + +Operations of the NHM: + +- a) After an ADM\_REQ frame is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 2. + - 1) If an ADM\_RES frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an ADM\_ACK frame and enter state 3. + - 2) If an REJ frame is received, the NHM is required to transmit an REJ\_ACK frame, cancel timer TA1 and T01, enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + - 3) If an EMPTY(0, 0) frame is received or timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to assume that a collision occurred to the ADM\_REQ frame and execute the truncated binary exponential backoff operation. The node is required to set the backoff number K, + +which represents the number of Pd cycles the NHM has to wait before retransmitting the ADM\_REQ frame. K is assigned a random integer value between 0 and $2^M - 1$ , where M is the number of times the ADM\_REQ frame has been transmitted before and the value of M is required to satisfy $0 < M < NA1$ . The NHM is required to reset timer TA1 every time after retransmitting the ADM\_REQ frame. In the backoff process, if an ADM\_RES frame for the NHM is received, the NHM is required to transmit an ADM\_ACK frame; if a downlink signalling frame to admit/maintain another NHM/HM is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +- 4) If no ADM\_RES frame is received after the ADM\_REQ frame has been transmitted NA1 times, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- 5) If an EMPTY(1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +b) After an ADM\_ACK frame is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 3. + +- 1) If an EMPTY(0/1,1) frame is received, the NHM is required to transmit a DLINK\_REPORT frame, set timer T01 and enter state 4. +- 2) If an ADM\_RES frame is received, the NHM is required to transmit an ADM\_ACK frame. +- 3) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- 4) In other cases, the NHM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. + +c) If timer TA1 expires in state 2 or state 3, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +Operations of the HB: + +a) After an ADM\_RES frame is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 2. + +- 1) If an ADM\_ACK frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 3. +- 2) If an ADM\_REQ frame is received before timer T01 expires, HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame and reset timer T01. +- 3) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the ADM\_RES frame and reset timer T01. +- 4) If no ADM\_ACK frame is received after the ADM\_RES frame has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to quit the admission process for this node, transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame, enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +b) After an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 3. + +- 1) If the first DLINK\_REPORT fragment from the NHM is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the ACK(1) frame, reset timers T01 and TA2, and then enter state 4. +- 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01, and keep waiting for the first DLINK\_REPORT fragment. + +c) If timer TA1 expires in state 2 or 3, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.4 Step 3 + +The interaction of DLINK\_REPORT is executed in step 3. This step consists of one state: DLINK\_REPORT fragments interaction (state 4). + +Operations of the NHM: after a DLINK\_REPORT fragment is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 4. + +- a) If an ACK(n) frame is received before timer T01 expires, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly, the NHM is required to transmit the DLINK\_REPORT fragment n+1 and reset timer T01. +- b) If the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame, reset timer T01, set timer TA3 and enter state 5. +- c) If timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to retransmit the DLINK\_REPORT fragment. The maximum number of DLINK\_REPORT fragment transmissions is N01. +- d) If the corresponding ACK frame is not received after the DLINK\_REPORT fragment has been transmitted N01 times, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- e) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- f) If timer TA1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +Operations of the HB: after an ACK(1) frame is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 4. + +- a) If a DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, regardless of whether the fragment is a correct fragment, an error fragment, or a retransmitted fragment, the HB is required to transmit an ACK(n) frame and reset timer T01, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly. +- b) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the ACK(n) frame and reset timer T01, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly. +- c) If the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, HB is required to cancel timers TA1 and T01, transmit the corresponding ACK frame, set timers TA3 and T01 and enter state 5. +- d) If timer TA2 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA1 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.5 Step 4 + +Uplink power control, uplink training and ranging are executed in step 4. This step consists of two states: uplink power control (state 5) and uplink training and ranging (state 6). + +Operations of the NHM: + +- a) When executing the uplink power control process, the NHM is required to be in state 5. + - 1) If a power control frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to adjust the transmit power gain, transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 6 to start uplink training and ranging. + - 3) If an ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 4) If timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to continue to transmit the EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + +- b) When executing the uplink training and ranging process, the NHM is required to be in state 6. + - 1) If an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If the first ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA3, transmit the ACK(1) frame, set timer TA4 and enter state 7. + - 3) If timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to continue to transmit the EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. +- c) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received in state 5 or 6, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- d) If timer TA3 expires in state 5 or 6, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA1 expires in state 5 or 6, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) When executing the uplink power control process, the HB is required to be in state 5. + +After the HB transmits the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment: + +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding power control frame and reset timer T01 to start uplink power control. +- 2) If the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding ACK frame and reset timer T01. +- 3) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment and reset timer T01. + +After uplink power control begins, the HB is required to keep receiving the EMPTY frames and transmitting the corresponding power control frames. The maximum number of power control frame transmissions is N03. + +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding power control frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the power control frame and reset timer T01. The maximum number of power control frame transmissions is N01. If no EMPTY frame is received after the power control frame has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + - 3) If uplink power control is completed within N03 times, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 6 to start uplink training and ranging. + - 4) If uplink power control is not completed after N03 times, the HB is required to terminate the uplink power control process, transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 6 to start uplink training and ranging. +- b) When executing uplink training and ranging process, HB is required to be in state 6. +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame and reset timer T01. + - 3) After uplink training and ranging is completed, the HB is required to cancel timer TA3, transmit the first ULINK\_REPORT fragment, set timer T01 and enter state 7. + +- c) If timer TA3 expires in state 5 or 6, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. +- d) If timer TA1 expires in state 5 or 6, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.6 Step 5 + +The ranging report transmission and interaction of the ULINK\_REPORT is executed in step 5. This step consists of one state: ULINK\_REPORT fragments interaction (state 7). + +Operations of the NHM: after an ACK(1) frame is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 7. + +- a) If a ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received, regardless of whether the fragment is a correct fragment, an error fragment, or a retransmitted fragment, the NHM is required to transmit an ACK(n) frame, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the NHM has received correctly. +- b) If the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA4, transmit the corresponding ACK frame, set timer TC1 and enter state 8. +- c) In other cases, the NHM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. +- d) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA4 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- f) If timer TA1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +Operations of the HB: after a ULINK\_REPORT fragment is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 7. + +- a) If an ACK(n) frame is received before timer T01 expires, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the NHM has received correctly, HB is required to transmit ULINK\_REPORT fragment n+1 and reset timer T01. +- b) If the ACK frame for the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to cancel timer T01, transmit the first CMP\_REPORT fragment and enter state 8. +- c) If timer T01 expires, HB is required to retransmit the ULINK\_REPORT fragment. The maximum number of ULINK\_REPORT fragment transmissions is N01. +- d) If the corresponding ACK frame is not received after the ULINK\_REPORT fragment has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA1 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.7 Step 6 + +In step 6, the HB is required to advertise the new grouping-broadcast parameters to the NHM and all other existing HMs, and indicate the update of link parameters exchanged by DLINK\_REPORT, ULINK\_REPORT, and CMP\_REPORT frames. This step consists of one state: CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE frames transmission (state 8). + +Operations of the NHM and each HM: + +- a) In state 8, the NHM is first required to continue receiving CMP\_REPORT fragments. When all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received, the NHM is required to cancel timer TC1, set timer T02 and wait for the LINK\_UPDATE frame. For all the existing HMs, when the first CMP\_REPORT fragment is received, they are required to enter state 8 from state 9 and set timer TC1; when all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received, the HMs are required to cancel timer TC1, set timer T02 and wait for the LINK\_UPDATE frame. + +- 1) If a LINK\_UPDATE frame is received before timer T02 expires, the NHM/HM is required to cancel timer T02 and TA1 (TA1 only for NHM) and enter state 9. From the first MAP cycle following the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, all HMs are required to utilize new parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. + - 2) If an EMPTY(0/1,0) frame is received before T02 expires, the NHM/HM is required to enter state 9 and transmit control frames and data frames with new parameters. + - 3) If timer T02 expires, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA1. The NHM/HM is required to enter state 9 and transmit control frames and data frames with new parameters. +- b) In this state, if an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before timer TC1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process, while the existing HMs are required to enter state 9. + - c) If not all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received after timer TC1 expires, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA1, enter state 0, and quit the admission process, while the existing HMs are required to enter state 9. + - d) If the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer TC1 expires, the NHM is required to transmit the corresponding ACK frame and reset timer TC1. + - e) If timer TA1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + - f) In other cases, the NHM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) The HB is required to grouping-broadcast each CMP\_REPORT fragment in sequence to all nodes (both the NHM and the existing HMs), and repeat this operation N02 times, as shown in Figure 21 +- b) After that, the HB is required to grouping-broadcast a LINK\_UPDATE frame N02 times to all nodes. From the first MAP cycle after the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, the HB is required to utilize new link parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. +- c) The HB is then required to cancel timer TA1, set timer TM0 (only for the admission of the first NHM in HiNoC 2.0 network), and enter state 9. +- d) If timer TA1 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.8 Steady state + +State 9 is the steady state. In state 9, an NHM becomes an HM, and the HB is required to communicate with all HMs with new link parameters. + +Operations of an HM: + +- a) If an HM receives an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame with the DESTINATION\_NODE\_ID field matching its own ID, it is required to set timers TM2 and TM5 and enter state 10 to start downlink power control and uplink training. +- b) If a CMP\_REPORT fragment is received where the value of the HINOC\_STATE field is 0x1, the HM is required to set timer TC1 and enter state 8; whereas if the value of the HINOC\_STATE field is 0x2, the HM is required to set timer TC1 and enter state 16. +- c) If the HM executes the node quitting/deletion process, it is required to execute the operations specified in clause 9.4. +- d) In other cases, the HM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) If the HM receives an ADM\_REQ frame and agrees to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame assigning a node ID for the NHM, set timers TA1 and T01 and enter state 2. + +- b) If the HB receives an ADM\_REQ frame but does not agree to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection) and remain in state 9. +- c) If timer TM0 or TM1 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame, set timers TM2 and TM5 and enter state 10. +- d) If timer TM3 expires, the HB is required to transmit the first CMP\_REPORT fragment and enter state 16. +- e) If the HB executes node quitting/deletion process, it is required to execute the operations specified in clause 9.4. +- f) In other cases, the HB is required to transmit the EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame periodically. + +## 9.3 Link maintenance + +### 9.3.1 Overview + +In the HiNoC 2.0 system, the characteristics of links between the HB and each HM may vary over time. Link maintenance estimates and exchanges links parameters to adapt to the variation of channel characteristics and ensure that the system runs steadily. + +Link maintenance is required to utilize MAC layer signalling frame channels to interact with the signalling frames. The concept and structure of the signalling frame channels can be found in clause 9.2.1 a). + +There are two types of link maintenance in the HiNoC 2.0 system: + +- a) Periodical link maintenance between the HB and all the HMs in each group + +The time interval of periodical link maintenance is TM0. The HB is required to select an HM to start the next periodical link maintenance after a period of TM0 following the completion of the previous link maintenance. The HB is required to inform every node in the network to start link maintenance by setting the value of the HINOC\_STATE field in EMPTY frames to 0x2. Furthermore, the HB is required to advertise the HM that is going to perform link maintenance with the HB in the DESTINATION\_NODE field. After completing link maintenance with an HM (not the last one), the HB is required to enter steady state for a period of TM1 and then select another HM to execute link maintenance. After completing link maintenance with the last HM, the HB is required to enter steady state, stay for a period of TM3 and inform every HM in the current group of the new grouping-broadcast parameters and the moment to update link parameters. When all the HMs in the network are in the same group, the HB can broadcast (DESTINATION\_NODE\_ID is 0xFF) the new broadcast/grouping-broadcast parameters and the moment to update link parameters to all the HMs. After that, one periodical link maintenance of the current group is finished. Each group is required to adopt the same procedure to make periodical link maintenance. + +The HB is required to enter steady state (state 9) after completing link maintenance with an HM. During this period, if there is an NHM admission request, the HB is required to execute the node admission process first. After that, the HB is required to continue link maintenance with the next HM. + +- b) Single link maintenance between the HB and a certain HM + +The HB can optionally start the link maintenance process according to the variation of the current link characteristics. Similarly, when an HM detects that the current link characteristics vary, it can optionally request link maintenance to the HB by setting the value of the LM\_REQ field in an R frame to 0x1, and then the HB starts link maintenance with the HM. After unicast parameters between the HB and the certain HM are updated, the HB is required to stay in steady state for a period of TM3 and inform every HM in this group of the new grouping-broadcast parameters and the moment to update link parameters. + +The interaction of signalling frames in the link maintenance process is shown in Figure 24. + +The link maintenance process consists of the following five steps: + +- 1) Step 1: downlink power control and downlink training +- 2) Step 2: DLINK\_REPORT interaction +- 3) Step 3: uplink power control and uplink training and ranging +- 4) Step 4: ULINK\_REPORT interaction and LINK\_UPDATE transmission for unicast parameters updating +- 5) Step 5: CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE transmission. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction of signalling frames in the link maintenance process between A HM and HB. The diagram is divided into two main sections. The top section shows the interaction between a single HM and HB, starting from a steady state (state 9), through Step 1 (EMPTY(0/1, 2) exchange), Step 2 (DLINK_REPORT fragments and ACKs), Step 3 (EMPTY, POWER_CTRL, EMPTY exchange), and Step 4 (ULINK_REPORT fragments and ACKs), ending with a LINK_UPDATE frame and returning to steady state. The bottom section shows the interaction between 'Each HM' and HB, starting from a dashed line, through Step 5 (CMP_REPORT fragments and LINK_UPDATE), returning to steady state, and then entering normal communication. Annotations include 'Steady state (state 9)', 'Step 1' through 'Step 5', 'Transmit N02 times continuously', 'Transmit N02 times cyclically', and 'Normal communication'.](0b7849dae424b0dd33e6386d2384643a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HM as A HM + participant HB as HB + Note over HM, HB: Steady state (state 9) + HB->>HM: EMPTY(0/1, 0) + Note over HM, HB: ⋮ + HM->>HB: EMPTY(0/1, 0) + Note over HM, HB: Step 1 + HB->>HM: EMPTY(0/1, 2) + Note over HM, HB: ⋮ + HM->>HB: EMPTY(0/1, 2) + Note over HM, HB: Step 2 + HM->>HB: DLINK_REPORT fragment 1 + HB->>HM: ACK(1) + Note over HM, HB: ⋮ + HM->>HB: DLINK_REPORT fragment n + HB->>HM: ACK(n) + Note over HM, HB: Step 3 + HB->>HM: EMPTY + HB->>HM: POWER_CTRL + Note over HM, HB: ⋮ + HB->>HM: EMPTY + HM->>HB: EMPTY(0/1, 2) + Note over HM, HB: Step 4 + HM->>HM: ULINK_REPORT fragment 1 + HB->>HM: ACK(1) + Note over HM, HB: ⋮ + HM->>HM: ULINK_REPORT fragment n + HB->>HM: ACK(n) + Note over HM, HB: ⋮ + HM->>HB: LINK_UPDATE + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times continuously + Note over HM, HB: Steady state (state 9) + participant EHM as Each HM + Note over EHM, HB: Step 5 + EHM->>HB: CMP_REPORT fragment 1 + Note over EHM, HB: ⋮ + EHM->>HB: CMP_REPORT fragment n + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times cyclically + EHM->>HB: LINK_UPDATE + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times continuously + Note over EHM, HB: Normal communication + Note over EHM, HB: Steady state (state 9) + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F24 + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction of signalling frames in the link maintenance process between A HM and HB. The diagram is divided into two main sections. The top section shows the interaction between a single HM and HB, starting from a steady state (state 9), through Step 1 (EMPTY(0/1, 2) exchange), Step 2 (DLINK\_REPORT fragments and ACKs), Step 3 (EMPTY, POWER\_CTRL, EMPTY exchange), and Step 4 (ULINK\_REPORT fragments and ACKs), ending with a LINK\_UPDATE frame and returning to steady state. The bottom section shows the interaction between 'Each HM' and HB, starting from a dashed line, through Step 5 (CMP\_REPORT fragments and LINK\_UPDATE), returning to steady state, and then entering normal communication. Annotations include 'Steady state (state 9)', 'Step 1' through 'Step 5', 'Transmit N02 times continuously', 'Transmit N02 times cyclically', and 'Normal communication'. + +**Figure 24 – Interaction of signalling frames in the link maintenance process** + +The parameters $x$ and $y$ of $\text{EMPTY}(x, y)$ in Figure 24 are defined as follows: $x$ represents the value of the **ADM\_FLAG** field in the header of the downlink **EMPTY** frame, and $y$ represents the value of the **HINOC\_STATE** field in the header of the downlink **EMPTY** frame. The "0/1" in $\text{EMPTY}(0/1, 0)$ and $\text{EMPTY}(0/1, 2)$ indicates that the value of the **ADM\_FLAG** field is required to be set to "1" or "0" by the HB, based on whether the current network allows the admission of a new node or not. + +The parameter *n* of ACK(*n*) represents the value of the ACK\_SN field in the uplink/downlink ACK frame. + +The link maintenance process includes eight relative states presented as follows: + +- 1) State 9 (S9): steady state +- 2) State 10 (S10): downlink power control and downlink training +- 3) State 11 (S11): DLINK\_REPORT fragments interaction +- 4) State 12 (S12): uplink power control +- 5) State 13 (S13): uplink training and ranging +- 6) State 14 (S14): ULINK\_REPORT fragment interaction +- 7) State 15 (S15): LINK\_UPDATE frame transmission +- 8) State 16 (S16): CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE frames transmission. + +An example of a normal state transition diagram in the link maintenance process of the HB and HM is shown in Figures 25 and 26, respectively. The detailed corresponding SDL representation in the link maintenance process is given in Appendix I of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +For the HiNoC 1.0 HM, the link maintenance process follows HiNoC 1.0, in which the signalling frames interaction between the HB and HM are HiNoC 1.0 signalling frames, the details of the HiNoC 1.0 link maintenance process are specified in [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +After completing link maintenance with a certain HM or every HM, both the HB and HM are required to enter steady state, begin to transmit and receive data with new unicast or grouping-broadcast parameters, and communicate normally. + +In the link maintenance process, the HM can optionally quit the network or be deleted from the network through node quitting/deletion. The corresponding operations are specified in clause 9.4. + +The constants referred to below, for example, TM0, are defined in Tables B.4 and B.5. + +![State transition diagram for the link maintenance process of HB. The diagram shows eight states (S9 to S16) and their transitions. Transitions are triggered by specific events or conditions and result in specific actions. The states are arranged in a clockwise cycle: S9 (steady state) -> S10 (downlink power control) -> S11 (DLINK_REPORT fragments) -> S12 (uplink power control) -> S13 (uplink training) -> S14 (ULINK_REPORT fragments) -> S15 (LINK_UPDATE) -> S16 (CMP_REPORT and LINK_UPDATE) -> S9.](bc9d0c0b02cbe628b1b6548cc1107734_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> S9 + S9 --> S10: TM0 or TM1 timeout, EMPTY (0/1, 2) + S10 --> S11: First DLINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S11 --> S12: Last DLINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S12 --> S13: Finish uplink power control/EMPTY (0/1, 2) + S13 --> S14: Finish uplink channel training and ranging/first ULINK_REPORT fragment + S14 --> S15: Last ACK/LINK_UPDATE + S15 --> S16: Send N02 times LINK_UPDATE/set TM1 or TM3 + S16 --> S9: Send N02 times all the CMP_REPORT fragments and N02 times LINK_UPDATE + S9 --> S16: TM3 timeout/First CMP_REPORT fragment + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F25 + +State transition diagram for the link maintenance process of HB. The diagram shows eight states (S9 to S16) and their transitions. Transitions are triggered by specific events or conditions and result in specific actions. The states are arranged in a clockwise cycle: S9 (steady state) -> S10 (downlink power control) -> S11 (DLINK\_REPORT fragments) -> S12 (uplink power control) -> S13 (uplink training) -> S14 (ULINK\_REPORT fragments) -> S15 (LINK\_UPDATE) -> S16 (CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE) -> S9. + +**Figure 25 – Example of normal state transition diagram in link maintenance process of HB** + +![State transition diagram for link maintenance process of HM. States: S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S9. Transitions: S10 to S11 (First DLINK_REPORT fragment), S11 to S12 (Last ACK/EMPTY), S12 to S13 (Finish uplink power control and receive EMPTY (0/1, 2)/EMPTY), S13 to S14 (First ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK), S14 to S15 (Last ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK), S15 to S9 (LINK_UPDATE), S9 to S16 (CMP_REPORT fragment), S16 to S9 (LINK_UPDATE), S9 to S10 (Receive EMPTY (0/1, 2) with the matching ID).](cbb2d311b20781a595488445ded48d0a_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> S10 + S10 --> S11 : First DLINK_REPORT fragment + S11 --> S12 : Last ACK/EMPTY + S12 --> S13 : Finish uplink power control and receive EMPTY (0/1, 2)/EMPTY + S13 --> S14 : First ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S14 --> S15 : Last ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK + S15 --> S9 : LINK_UPDATE + S9 --> S16 : CMP_REPORT fragment + S16 --> S9 : LINK_UPDATE + S9 --> S10 : Receive EMPTY (0/1, 2) with the matching ID + +``` + +State transition diagram for link maintenance process of HM. States: S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S9. Transitions: S10 to S11 (First DLINK\_REPORT fragment), S11 to S12 (Last ACK/EMPTY), S12 to S13 (Finish uplink power control and receive EMPTY (0/1, 2)/EMPTY), S13 to S14 (First ULINK\_REPORT fragment/ACK), S14 to S15 (Last ULINK\_REPORT fragment/ACK), S15 to S9 (LINK\_UPDATE), S9 to S16 (CMP\_REPORT fragment), S16 to S9 (LINK\_UPDATE), S9 to S10 (Receive EMPTY (0/1, 2) with the matching ID). + +**Figure 26 – Example of normal state transition diagram in link maintenance process of HM** + +### 9.3.2 Step 1 + +Downlink power control and downlink training are executed in step 1. This step consists of one state: downlink power control and downlink training (state 10). + +Operations of the HM: + +- a) The HM is required to receive the EMPTY(0/1, 2) frames repeatedly to execute downlink power control, that is, to adjust the receive power gain. The maximum number of adjustments is N03. + - 1) If downlink power control is completed within N03 adjustments, the HM is required to keep receiving the EMPTY(0/1, 2) frames to execute downlink training. + - 2) If downlink power control is not completed after N03 adjustments, the HM is required to terminate power adjustment and keep receiving the EMPTY(0/1, 2) frames to execute downlink training. +- b) If downlink power control and downlink training are completed, the HM is required to cancel timer TM5, transmit the first DLINK\_REPORT fragment, set timer T01, and enter state 11. +- c) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. +- d) If timer TM5 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) The HB is required to keep transmitting the EMPTY(0/1, 2) frames in state 10. + - 1) If the first DLINK\_REPORT fragment from the HM is received before timer TM5 expires, the HB is required to transmit the ACK(1) frame, cancel timer TM5, set timers TM6 and T01 and enter state 11. + - 2) If timer TM5 expires, the HB is required to transmit the EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame, enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. + +### 9.3.3 Step 2 + +The interaction of DLINK\_REPORT is executed in step 2. This step consists of one state: DLINK\_REPORT fragments interaction (state 11). + +Operations of the HM: after a DLINK\_REPORT fragment is transmitted, the HM is required to enter state 11. + +- a) If an ACK(n) frame is received before timer T01 expires, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly, the HM is required to transmit the DLINK\_REPORT fragment n+1 times and reset timer T01. +- b) If an ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame, reset timer T01, set timer TM7 and enter state 12. +- c) If timer T01 expires, the HM is required to retransmit the DLINK\_REPORT fragment. The maximum number of DLINK\_REPORT fragment transmissions is N01. +- d) If the corresponding ACK frame is not received after the DLINK\_REPORT fragment has been transmitted N01 times, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. +- e) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. +- f) If timer TM2 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. + +Operations of the HB: after an ACK(1) frame is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 11. + +- a) If a DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, regardless of whether the fragment is a correct fragment, an error fragment, or a retransmitted fragment, the HB is required to transmit an ACK(n) frame and reset timer T01, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly. +- b) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the ACK(n) frame and reset timer T01, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly. +- c) If the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to cancel timer TM6, transmit the corresponding ACK frame, set timers TM7 and T01 and enter state 12. +- d) If timer TM6 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. +- e) If timer TM2 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. + +### 9.3.4 Step 3 + +Uplink power control and uplink training are executed in step 3. This step consists of two states: uplink power control (state 12) and uplink training and ranging (state 13). + +Operations of the HM: + +- a) When executing uplink power control, the HM is required to be in state 12. + - 1) If a power control frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HM is required to adjust the transmit power gain, transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 13 to start uplink training and ranging. + - 3) If the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 4) If timer T01 expires, the HM is required to continue to transmit the EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + +- b) When executing uplink training and ranging, the HM is required to be in state 13. + - 1) If an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If the first ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HM is required to cancel timer TM7, transmit the ACK(1) frame, set timer TM8 and enter state 14. + - 3) If timer T01 expires, the HM is required to continue to transmit the EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. +- c) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received in state 12 or 13, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. +- d) If timer TM7 expires in state 12 or 13, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. +- e) If timer TM2 expires in state 12 or 13, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) When executing uplink power control process, the HB is required to be in state 12. + +After the HB transmits the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment: + +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding power control frame and reset timer T01 to start uplink power control. +- 2) If the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding ACK frame and reset timer T01. +- 3) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment and reset timer T01. + +After uplink power control begins, the HB is required to keep receiving the EMPTY frames and transmitting the corresponding power control frames. The maximum number of power control frame transmissions is N03. + +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding power control frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the power control frame and reset timer T01. The maximum number of power control frame transmissions is N01. If no EMPTY frame is received after the power control frame has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. + - 3) If uplink power control is completed within N03 times, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 13 to start uplink training and ranging. + - 4) If uplink power control is not completed after N03 times, the HB is required to terminate the uplink power control process, transmit the EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 13 to start uplink training and ranging. +- b) When executing uplink training and ranging process, the HB is required to be in state 13. +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame and reset timer T01. + - 3) After uplink training and ranging is completed, the HB is required to cancel timer TM7, transmit the first ULINK\_REPORT fragment, set timer T01 and enter state 14. + +- c) If timer TM7 expires in state 12 or 13, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. +- d) If timer TM2 expires in state 12 or 13, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. + +### 9.3.5 Step 4 + +The interaction of ULINK\_REPORT fragments and the transmission of LINK\_UPDATE frames indicating the update of downlink and uplink unicast parameters exchanged by DLINK\_REPORT and ULINK\_REPORT frames are executed in step 4. This step consists of two states: ULINK\_REPORT fragment interaction (state 14) and LINK\_UPDATE frame transmission (state 15). + +Operations of the HM: + +- a) After HM transmits the ACK(1) frame, it is required to enter state 14. + - 1) If a ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received, regardless of whether the fragment is a correct fragment, an error fragment, or a retransmitted fragment, the HM is required to transmit an ACK(n) frame, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HM has received correctly. + - 2) If the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received, the HM is required to transmit an ACK frame, cancel timer TM8, set timer TM4 and enter state 15 to wait for the LINK\_UPDATE frame. + - 3) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. + - 4) If timer TA8 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. + +In other cases, the HM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. + +- b) After the HM transmits the ACK frame for the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment, it is required to enter state 15. + - 1) If a LINK\_UPDATE frame is received before timer TM4 expires, the HM is required to cancel timers TM2 and TM4 and then enter state 9. From the first MAP cycle after the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, the HM is required to utilize new unicast parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. + - 2) If the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer TM4 expires, the HM is required to transmit the corresponding ACK frame and reset timer TM4. + - 3) If timer TM4 expires, the HM is required to cancel timer TM2 and enter state 9 to transmit control frames and data frames with new unicast parameters. + - 4) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before timer TM4 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9 and transmit control frames and data frames with new unicast parameters. +- c) If timer TM2 expires in state 14 or 15, the HM is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance process. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) After the HB transmits a ULINK\_REPORT fragment, it is required to enter state 14. + - 1) If an ACK(n) frame is received before timer T01 expires, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HM has received correctly, the HB is required to transmit the ULINK\_REPORT fragment n+1 and reset timer T01. + - 2) If an ACK(n) frame for the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit a LINK\_UPDATE frame to the HM and enter state 15. + - 3) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the ULINK\_REPORT fragment. The maximum number of ULINK\_REPORT fragment transmissions is N01. + - 4) If the corresponding ACK frame is not received after the ULINK\_REPORT fragment has been transmitted N01 times, HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. + - 5) If timer TM2 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the link maintenance of the HM. +- b) In state 15, the HB is required to transmit the LINK\_UPDATE frame N02 times to the HM. After that, the HB is required to cancel timer TM2, set timer TM1 or TM3 and enter state 9. From the first MAP cycle after the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, the HB and the HM are required to utilize new unicast parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. + +### 9.3.6 Step 5 + +In step 5, the HB is required to advertise the new grouping-broadcast parameters to all existing HMs and indicate the update of link parameters exchanged by CMP\_REPORT. This step consists of one state: CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE frames transmission (state 16). + +Operations of each HM: + +- a) After the first CMP\_REPORT fragment is received, the HM is required to enter this state from state 9 and set timer TC1. When all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received, it is required to cancel timer TC1, set timer T02 and wait for the LINK\_UPDATE frame. + - 1) If a LINK\_UPDATE frame is received before timer T02 expires, the HM is required to cancel timer T02 and enter state 9. From the first MAP cycle after the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, the HM is required to utilize new parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. + - 2) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before timer T02 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9 and transmit control frames and data frames with new parameters. + - 3) If timer T02 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9 and transmit control frames and data frames with new parameters. +- b) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before timer TC1 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9. +- c) If not all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received after timer TC1 expires, the HM is required to enter state 9. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) The HB is required to grouping-broadcast each CMP\_REPORT fragment in sequence to all HMs in the group, and repeat this operation N02 times as shown in Figure 24. +- b) After that, the HB is required to grouping-broadcast a LINK\_UPDATE frame N02 times to all HMs in the group. From the first MAP cycle after the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, the HB is required to utilize new parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. + +- c) After all frames above are transmitted, HB is required to set timer TM0 (only for the periodical link maintenance process) and enter state 9. + +### 9.3.7 Steady state (state 9) + +In this state, the HB and HMs are required to follow the operations specified in clause 9.2.8. + +## 9.4 Node quitting/deletion + +### 9.4.1 Overview + +The node quitting/deletion process consists of two situations: active quitting and passive quitting of the NHM/HM. The interaction of signalling frames in the process is required to be finished in MAC layer enabled signalling frame channels. + +Node quitting/deletion process includes three relative states presented as follows: + +- 1) state 0 (S0): network searching; +- 2) state 9 (S9): steady state; +- 3) state 17 (S17): node quitting. + +### 9.4.2 Active quitting of the NHM/HM + +Operations of the NHM/HM: + +- a) When the NHM/HM is in the process of node admission or link maintenance, it is required to transmit a QUIT frame to inform the HB that it is quitting, set timer T01 and enter node quitting state (state 17) as shown in Figure 27. + - 1) If a QUIT\_ACK frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM/HM is required to cancel timer T01, enter state 0 and quit the network. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the NHM/HM is required to retransmit the QUIT frame. The maximum number of QUIT frame transmissions is N01. + - 3) If the QUIT\_ACK frame is not received after the QUIT frame has been transmitted N01 times, the NHM/HM is required to enter state 0 and quit the network. + - 4) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM/HM is required to cancel timer T01, enter state 0 and quit the network. +- b) When the HM is in steady state, it is required to set the value of QUIT\_IND field in the R frame to 0x1 to inform the HB that it is quitting instead of transmitting a QUIT frame. After that, the HM is required to enter state 0 and quit the network. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) If a QUIT frame from the NHM/HM is received, the HB is required to transmit a QUIT\_ACK frame, delete the NHM/HM from the network and enter state 9. +- b) If a R frame from an HM with the value of QUIT\_IND field set to 0x1 is received, the HB is required to delete the HM from the network. + +![Sequence diagram showing the active quitting process between NHM/HM and HB. NHM/HM starts in State 17 and sends a QUIT frame to HB. HB responds with a QUIT_ACK frame, and NHM/HM transitions to State 0. HB transitions to State 9.](3f09464f0a8ac9446981a53f9b78df2c_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant NHM/HM + participant HB + Note left of NHM/HM: State 17 + NHM/HM->>HB: QUIT + Note right of HB: State 9 + HB-->>NHM/HM: QUIT_ACK + Note left of NHM/HM: State 0 + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F27 + +Sequence diagram showing the active quitting process between NHM/HM and HB. NHM/HM starts in State 17 and sends a QUIT frame to HB. HB responds with a QUIT\_ACK frame, and NHM/HM transitions to State 0. HB transitions to State 9. + +**Figure 27 – Active quitting of the NHM/HM** + +### 9.4.3 Passive quitting of the NHM/HM + +Operations of the NHM/HM: + +- a) If an NHM/HM receives an REJ frame with the DESTINATION\_NODE\_ID field matching its own ID, it is required to transmit the REJ\_ACK frame, enter state 0 and quit the network. +- b) If an NHM/HM receives an REJ frame from the HB in broadcast mode (with the value of the DESTINATION\_NODE\_ID field set to 0xFF), it is required to enter state 0 and quit the network. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) Passive quitting of a certain NHM/HM + +When the HB is in the process of node admission or link maintenance with a NHM/HM, if the HB needs to execute passive quitting procedure, the HB can only execute to the NHM/HM which is in the process. The HB is required to transmit the REJ frame to the NHM/HM, set timer T01 and enter node quitting state (state 17), as shown in Figure 28. + +- 1) If an REJ\_ACK frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to cancel T01, delete the NHM/HM from the network and enter state 9. +- 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the REJ frame. The maximum number of REJ frame transmissions is N01. +- 3) If the REJ\_ACK frame is not received after the REJ frame has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to delete the NHM/HM from the network and enter state 9. + +When the HB is in steady state, it can optionally execute the passive quitting procedure with any HM in the network. The operations are the same as when the HB is in the process of node admission or link maintenance. + +- b) Passive quitting of all NHM/HMs in a certain group + +Whichever state the HB is in, to delete all HMs in a certain group simultaneously, it is required to grouping-broadcast the REJ frame. When the HB begins to transmit the first REJ frame, it is required to enter state 17. The HB is required to transmit the REJ frame N02 times, and then enter state 9. + +- c) Passive quitting of all NHM/HMs + +Whichever state the HB is in, to delete all HMs from the network simultaneously, it is required to broadcast the REJ frame. When the HB begins to transmit the first REJ frame, it is required to enter state 17. The HB is required to transmit the REJ frame N02 times, and then enter state 9. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the passive quitting of an NHM/HM by an HB. The NHM/HM starts in State 17 and sends a QUIT frame to the HB. The HB responds with a QUIT_ACK frame, and the NHM/HM transitions to State 0. The HB transitions to State 9.](981668c6be5792b778cccb1af38477e2_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant NHM/HM + participant HB + Note left of NHM/HM: State 17 + NHM/HM->>HB: QUIT + Note right of HB: State 9 + HB-->>NHM/HM: QUIT_ACK + Note left of NHM/HM: State 0 +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_F28 + +Sequence diagram illustrating the passive quitting of an NHM/HM by an HB. The NHM/HM starts in State 17 and sends a QUIT frame to the HB. The HB responds with a QUIT\_ACK frame, and the NHM/HM transitions to State 0. The HB transitions to State 9. + +**Figure 28 – Passive quitting of the NHM/HM** + +## 9.5 Network synchronization and ranging + +In the HiNoC 2.0 system, all HMs are required to regard the HB's clock as the reference time. In each Pd cycle, the HB and HMs are required to regard the start time of the Pd frame as the system start time. The HB is required to send Pd frames periodically and the HMs are required to record the time when they receive the Pd frames as their system start time. + +For the HB, the transmission start time of Cd frames or data frames is the time scheduled by the HB; for the HM, the transmission start time of the Pu frame is the system start time plus a fixed offset $T_{wait}$ . + +(the value of $T_{wait}$ for this HM is the time duration between the receiving start time of the Pd frame and the transmission start time of the Pu frame scheduled by the HB and its value varies depending on the different Pu frame slots); the transmission start time of uplink control frames or data frames is the time scheduled by the HB minus delay compensation. + +The value of delay compensation is calculated during the ranging process. It is required that the interaction of the Pd/Pu frames is utilized to implement ranging. The HB utilizes the Pu frames to measure round-trip time, finish ranging during uplink channel training and obtain the delay compensation value ( $T_{RTT}$ ). After that, the HB sends the ranging results, which are delay compensation values, to the HM through the parameter element (PE) in the ULINK\_REPORT. + +The steps of ranging are shown in Figure 29 (every time point refers to the time of the HB): + +- 1) The HB sends the Pd frame at the beginning of Pd cycle $T_0$ . +- 2) The HM receives the Pd frame at $T_1$ ( $T_0$ plus downlink propagation delay $T_{DOWNSTREAM}$ ) and sends the Pu frame at its scheduled Pu frame transmission time $T_2$ ( $T_1$ plus fixed offset value $T_{WAIT}$ ). +- 3) The HB receives the Pu frame at $T_3$ and calculates the delay compensation value of the HM by equation (4): + +$$T_{RTT} = T_{DOWNSTREAM} + T_{UPSTREAM} = (T_3 - T_0) - (T_2 - T_1) = T_{RESPONSE} - T_{WAIT} \quad (4)$$ + +- 4) The HB sends the delay compensation value to the HM through the ULINK\_REPORT. + +![Figure 29 – Ranging mechanism diagram showing the interaction between HB and HM over time. The diagram shows the transmission of Pd and Pu frames and the calculation of round-trip time (RTT) and delay compensation.](753e6cc5dcad1a478caa2c7ec3a6c0a3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the ranging mechanism between a Host Bridge (HB) and a Host Module (HM). The HB sends a Pd frame at time $T_0$ . The HM receives it at $T_1$ after a downlink propagation delay $T_{DOWNSTREAM}$ . The HM then sends a Pu frame at time $T_2$ , which is $T_{WAIT}$ after $T_1$ . The HB receives the Pu frame at $T_3$ after an uplink propagation delay $T_{UPSTREAM}$ . The total response time from $T_0$ to $T_3$ is $T_{RESPONSE}$ . The diagram also shows the calculation of $T_{RTT}$ as the difference between $T_{RESPONSE}$ and $T_{WAIT}$ . + +Figure 29 – Ranging mechanism diagram showing the interaction between HB and HM over time. The diagram shows the transmission of Pd and Pu frames and the calculation of round-trip time (RTT) and delay compensation. + +Figure 29 – Ranging mechanism + +## 9.6 Power control + +The power control function is implemented under the support of the node admission/link maintenance process. It is required that the transmitting power and receiving gain of the HB remain a fixed value. The HM is required to adjust its receiving gain depending on the received Pd frames and adjust its transmitting power depending on the feedback from the HB. Details of this process are specified in clauses 9.2 and 9.3. + +# Annex A + +## Format of MAC layer frames + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### A.1 Signalling frame format + +#### A.1.1 Downlink signalling frame format + +The structure of fixed part of the downlink signalling frame header is shown in Table A.1 + +**Table A.1 – Downlink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|---------------------|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DESTINATION_NODE_ID | 8 | Destination node ID:
0x01-0x40 – HM ID of a specified node
0x41-0x48 – Group ID of a specified group
0xFF – Broadcast address
All other values reserved | +| SOURCE_NODE_ID | 8 | Source node ID (HB node ID): 0x0 | +| FRAME_LENGTH | 8 | Frame length (including the header and the payload), in bytes | +| FRAME_TYPE | 4 | Downlink signalling frame type:
0x1 – EMPTY frame
0x2 – ADM_RES frame
0x3 – REJ frame
0x4 – ULINK_REPORT frame
0x5 – ACK frame
0x6 – CMP_REPORT frame
0x7 – LINK_UPDATE frame
0x8 – QUIT_ACK frame
0x9 – POWER_CTRL frame
All other values reserved | +| VERSION | 4 | HiNoC version supported by the HB, one bit corresponding to one HiNoC version
Bit 0 – For HiNoC 1.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 1.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 1.0
Bit 1 – For HiNoC 2.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 2.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 2.0
Bit 3-2 – Reserved | +| FF | 1 | FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Do not fragment
0x1 – Fragment | +| LFF | 1 | LAST FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Not the last fragment
0x1 – Last fragment | +| FSN | 6 | FRAGMENT SEQUENCE NUMBER, beginning with 1 | +| HINOC_ID | 8 | ID of the HiNoC network built by the current HB | + +**Table A.1 – Downlink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length
(Bit) | Function | +|------------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| HM_NUM | 8 | Number of HM nodes in the HiNoC network built by the current HB | +| ADM_FLAG | 1 | Whether the network allows a new node to be admitted:
0x0 – Admissible
0x1 – Inadmissible | +| HINOC_STATE | 3 | Current state of the network:
0x0 – Steady state
0x1 – Node admission
0x2 – Link maintenance | +| PREEQ_EN | 2 | Pre-equalization supported flags:
0x0 – Not to support pre-equalization
0x1 – To support pre-equalization
0x2 – Decided by HM
0x3 – Reserved | +| EXT_HEADER_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the header:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | +| EXT_PAYLOAD_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the payload:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | +| ARQ_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support ARQ protocol:
0x0 – Not to support ARQ protocol
0x1 – To support ARQ protocol | +| EISF_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support EISF:
0x0 – Not to support EISF
0x1 – To support EISF | +| TERMINAL_SPTD | 3 | The maximum bandwidth of HM supported by this basic SC:
0x7 – Supporting an HM with maximum bandwidth of 128 MHz
All other values Reserved | +| CP_MODE | 2 | The cyclic prefix (CP) length used in transmitting data frame:
0x0 – 0.5 µs
0x1 – 1 µs
0x2 – 2 µs
All other values reserved | +| RSVD | 5 | Reserved | + +**Table A.1 – Downlink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| FEC_SPTD | 4 | The FEC format supported by HB: setting 1 indicates to support the corresponding FEC format and setting 0 indicates not to support the corresponding FEC format
Bit 0 – (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code
Bit 1 – (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code
Bit 2 – (1920, 1728) LDPC code
Bit 3 – (3840, 3456) LDPC code
Others – Reserved | +| MAP_OFDM_NUM | 8 | Number of OFDM symbols for transmitting a MAP frame | +| MAP_MAX_MODU_MODE | 8 | Mode of the highest-order sub-carrier modulation for transmitting a MAP frame | +| MAP_FRAME_OFFSET | 24 | Time from the beginning of this Pd frame to the beginning of the transmission of the first MAP frame, in TICK_TIMES. If this field is 0, it indicates that there is no transmission of MAP frames during this Pd cycle | +| OFDMA_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support OFDMA mechanism to transmit data frame:
0x0 – Not to support OFDMA
0x1 – Support OFDMA | +| CHANNEL_NUM | 3 | The downlink signalling frame channel number to transmit this downlink signalling frame | +| FEC_MODE | 4 | The FEC format used by Dd/Du frames:
0x0 – No FEC
0x1 – (508, 472) truncated BCH code
0x2 – (504, 432) truncated BCH code
All other values reserved | + +The structure of the downlink signalling frame tail is shown in Table A.2. + +**Table A.2 – Downlink signalling frame tail** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-------|--------------|-------------------------| +| CRC | 32 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +The structure of the fixed part in the downlink signalling frame payload is shown in Tables A.3 to A.12. + +**Table A.3 – EMPTY frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|----------| +| NOTE – This type of downlink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.4 – ADM\_RES frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|---------------------|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ASSIGNED_HM_NODE_ID | 8 | Node ID assigned to this HM | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of this HM | +| ULINK_TRAIN_CHANNEL | 8 | Pu frame slots used by this HM to make uplink channel training.
Bit 7-0 – Each bit corresponds to a channel from channel 7 to channel 0. Setting to 1 indicates that this channel is available for this HM to make uplink channel training and setting to 0 indicates that this channel is not available for this HM to make uplink channel training | +| RSVD | 1 | Reserved | +| GROUP_NUM | 3 | Group ID assigned to this HM, from 0-7, corresponding to node ID 0x41-0x48, respectively | +| FEC_MODE_2 | 4 | The FEC format used by Dd/Du frames:
0x0 – No FEC
0x1 – (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code
0x2 – (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code
0x3 – (1920, 1728) LDPC code
0x4 – (3840, 3456) LDPC code
All other values reserved | + +**Table A.5 – REJ frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|---------|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| REASON | 8 | Reasons that the HB rejected the HM:
0x1 – Password error
0x2 – Channel capacity is full
0x3 – Channel condition is bad
All other values reserved | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of the HM
When the DESTINATION_NODE_ID field in the header is 0xFF or 0x41- 0x48, each bit in this field is set to '1' | + +**Table A.6 – ULINK\_REPORT frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-----------------------------|--------------|------------------------------| +| PE_NUM | 8 | Number of parameter elements | +| for (i=0; i< PE_NUM; i++) { | | | +| PE | variable | Parameter element | +| } | | | + +**Table A.7 – ACK payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|--------|--------------|----------------------------------| +| RSVD | 2 | Reserved | +| ACK_SN | 6 | Sequence number of the ACK frame | + +**Table A.8 – CMP\_REPORT frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|----------------------------|--------------|------------------------------| +| PE_NUM | 8 | Number of parameter elements | +| for (i=0; i0x3 – First LINK_UPDATE
0x2 – Second LINK_UPDATE
0x1 – Third LINK_UPDATE
All other values reserved | +| RSVD | 48 | Reserved | + +**Table A.10 – QUIT\_ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|----------| +| NOTE – This type of downlink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.11 – POWER\_CTRL frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|---------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Action | 2 | Indicates the power adjustment scheme. The magnitude of the adjustment is determined by the value of Range A and Range B:
0x2 – Increase power
0x3 – Reduce power
All other values reserved | +| Range A | 3 | Adjustment magnitude (on a large scale).
(Recommendation: use 3 dB as the basic unit) | +| Range B | 3 | Adjustment magnitude (on a small scale).
(Recommendation: use 0.5 dB as the basic unit) | + +**Table A.12 – PE (parameter element)** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|--------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CODE | 8 | Type of PHY layer parameters transmitted:
0x1 – OFDM parameters
0x2 – Power control parameters and time and frequency offset
0x3 – Delay compensation value
0x4 – SCG_Ru position of R frame
0x5 – Data frame retransmission enabled flag
All other values reserved | +| LENGTH | 16 | Total length of this PE, in bytes | +| CONTENT | variable | Specific parameter content, which is relevant to the value of CODE field | +| If CODE = 1 | | | +| CONTENT | 480 | Bit 3:0 – Effective sub-carrier group 1
0x2 – QPSK
0x3 – 8 QAM
0x4 – 16 QAM
0x5 – 32 QAM
0x6 – 64 QAM
0x7 – 128 QAM
0x8 – 256 QAM
0x9 – 512 QAM
0xa – 1024 QAM
0xb – 2048 QAM
0xc – 4096 QAM
All other values reserved
.....
Bit 479:476 – Effective sub-carrier group 120
0x2 – QPSK
0x3 – 8 QAM
0x4 – 16 QAM
0x5 – 32 QAM
0x6 – 64 QAM
0x7 – 128 QAM
0x8 – 256 QAM
0x9 – 512 QAM
0xa – 1024 QAM
0xb – 2048 QAM
0xc – 4096 QAM
All other values reserved | + +**Table A.12 – PE (parameter element)** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|--------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| If CODE = 2 | | | +| CONTENT | 32 | Bit 7:0 – Power
Bit 15:8 – Time offset
Bit 31:16 – Frequency offset | +| If CODE = 3 | | | +| CONTENT | 16 | Delay compensation value for HM (in unit of TICK_TIME, 1/128 µs) | +| If CODE = 4 | | | +| CONTENT | 32 | SCG_RU number used in R frame transmission for the HM
Bit 7-0 – The value of m in the first scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n)
Bit 15-8 – The value of n in the first scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n)
Bit 23-16 – The value of m in the second scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n)
Bit 31-24 – The value of n in the second scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n) | +| If CODE=5 | | | +| RSVD | 7 | Reserved | +| ARQ_ENABLED | 1 | Data frame retransmission enabled flag:
0x0 – Disable data frame retransmission function
0x1 – Enable data frame retransmission function | + +The structure of the extended part of the downlink/uplink signalling frame header/payload is shown in Table A.13. + +**Table A.13 – Extended part of header/payload of downlink/uplink signalling frame** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-------------------------------|--------------|-------------------------| +| TLV_NUM | 8 | The number of TLV field | +| for (i=1; i ≤ TLV_NUM; i++) { | | | +| TYPE | 8 | Type | +| LENGTH | 8 | Length | +| VALUE | variable | Value | +| } | | | + +The structure of the TLV code relative to the downlink/uplink signalling frame and data frame is shown in Table A.14. + +**Table A.14 – TLV code** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TYPE | 8 | Information type:
System defined types: 0x00-0xBF
0x00-0x0F – Reserved
0x10 – Transmitting power and receiving gain
0x11 – Indication of Pu frame slot
0x12 – FEC format supported by HM
0x20 – Detailed report of queues information
All other values reserved
User defined types: 0xC0-0xFF | +| LENGTH | 8 | Length of VALUE field (in bytes) | +| VALUE | variable | The detailed content depending on the value of TYPE field | +| If TYPE = 0x10 | | | +| VALUE | 32 | Bit 31-16 – HB transmitting power
Bit 15-0 – HB receiving gain | +| If TYPE = 0x11 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | Pu frame slots used by this HM to make uplink channel training
Bit 7-0 – Each bit corresponds to a channel from channel 7 to channel 0 respectively. Setting to 1 indicates that the corresponding channel is available for this HM to make uplink channel training and setting to 0 indicates that is corresponding channel is not available for this HM to make uplink channel training | +| If TYPE = 0x12 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The FEC format supported by the HM: setting 1 indicates to support the corresponding FEC format and setting 0 indicates not to support the corresponding FEC format.
Bit 0 – (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code
Bit 1 – (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code
Bit 2 – (1920, 1728) LDPC code
Bit 3 – (3840, 3456) LDPC code
Others – Reserved | +| If TYPE = 0x20 | | | +| VALUE | 128 | Report of 8 priority queues information in this HM, definition is specified as below, in granularity of 16 bytes (rounded up to an integer):
Bit 127-112 – the length of queue 7
Bit 111-96 – the length of queue 6
Bit 95-80 – the length of queue 5
Bit 79-64 – the length of queue 4
Bit 63-48 – the length of queue 3
Bit 47-32 – the length of queue 2
Bit 31-16 – the length of queue 1 | + +**Table A.14 – TLV code** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Bit 15-0 – the length of queue 0 | +| for (i=7; i≥0; i--) { | | | +| QUEUE_LENGTH | 16 | The length of queue i, in granularity of 16 bytes (rounded up to an integer) | +| } | | | + +#### **A.1.2 Uplink signalling frame format** + +The structure of the fixed part in the uplink signalling frame header is shown in Table A.15. + +**Table A.15 – Uplink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|---------------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DESTINATION_NODE_ID | 8 | Destination node ID:
0x0 – HB node ID | +| SOURCE_NODE_ID | 8 | Source node ID (HM node ID) | +| FRAME_LENGTH | 8 | Frame length (including the header and payload), in bytes | +| FRAME_TYPE | 4 | Uplink signalling frame type:
0x1 – EMPTY frame
0x2 – ADM_REQ frame
0x3 – ADM_ACK frame
0x4 – REJ_ACK frame
0x5 – ACK frame
0x6 – DLINK_REPORT frame
0x7 – QUIT frame
All other values reserved | +| VERSION | 4 | HiNoC version supported by the HM, one bit corresponding to a HiNoC version
Bit 0 – For HiNoC 1.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 1.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 1.0
Bit 1 – For HiNoC 2.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 2.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 2.0
Bit 3-2 – Reserved | +| FF | 1 | FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Do not fragment
0x1 – Fragment | +| LFF | 1 | LAST FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Not the last fragment
0x1 – Last fragment | +| FSN | 6 | FRAGMENT SEQUENCE NUMBER | +| PREQ_EN | 2 | Pre-equalization supported flags: | + +**Table A.15 – Uplink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length
(Bit)
| Function | +|------------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | 0x0 – Not to support pre-equalization
0x1 – To support pre-equalization
All other values reserved | +| CHANNEL_NUM | 3 | The uplink signalling frame channel number to transmit this uplink signalling frame | +| RSVD | 1 | Reserved | +| EXT_HEADER_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the header:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | +| EXT_PAYLOAD_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the payload:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | + +The structure of the uplink signalling frame tail is shown in Table A.16. + +**Table A.16 – Uplink signalling frame tail** + +| Field | Length
(Bit)
| Function | +|--------------|-------------------------|-------------------------| +| CRC | 32 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +The structure of the fixed part of the uplink signalling frame payload is shown in Tables A.17 to A.23. + +**Table A.17 – EMPTY frame payload** + +| Field | Length
(Bit)
| Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------| +| NOTE – This type of uplink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.18 – ADM\_REQ frame payload** + +| Field | Length
(Bit)
| Function | +|-----------------------|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| USER_ID | 96 | User identification | +| PASSWORD | 96 | User password | +| ARQ_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support ARQ protocol:
0x0 – Not to support ARQ protocol
0x1 – To support ARQ protocol | +| EISF_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support EISF:
0x0 – Not to support EISF
0x1 – To support EISF | +| OFDMA_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support OFDMA mechanism to transmit data frame:
0x0 – Not to support OFDMA
0x1 – Support OFDMA | +| TERMINAL_TYPE | 3 | Type of HM:
0x7 – 128 MHz HM
All other values reserved | +| RSVD | 2 | Reserved | +| NODE_PROTOCOL_SUPPORT | 8 | The higher layer protocol supported by this node:
Bit 0 – 0x1, indicates to support Ethernet protocol
Bit 7:1 – Reserved | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of this HM | + +**Table A.19 – ADM\_ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length
(Bit)
| Function | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------| +| NOTE – This type of uplink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload | | | + +**Table A.20 – REJ\_ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length
(Bit)
| Function | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------| +| NOTE – This type of uplink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload | | | + +**Table A.21 – ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length
(Bit)
| Function | +|--------------|-------------------------|----------------------------------| +| RSVD | 2 | Reserved | +| ACK_SN | 6 | Sequence number of the ACK frame | + +**Table A.22 – DLINK\_REPORT frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-----------------------------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| PE_NUM | 8 | Number of parameter elements | +| for (i=0; i< PE_NUM; i++) { | | | +| PE | variable | Parameter element, with the same definition as that in downlink signalling frame | +| } | | | + +**Table A.23 – QUIT payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|---------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| REASON | 8 | Reasons an HM quits the HiNoC network:
0x1 – Quit normally
0x2 – Channel condition is bad
All other values reserved | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of this HM | + +### A.2 Control frame format + +The structure of the control frame is shown in Tables A.24 and A.25. + +**Table A.24 – MAP frame** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|--------------------------------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MAP_ID | 8 | The number of this MAP cycle in the Pd cycle (The number in every Pd cycle starting from 1) | +| RSVD1 | 8 | Reserved | +| FIRST_D_ID | 8 | The first node ID to be scheduled in downlink period (range: 1~72) | +| FIRST_U_ID | 8 | The first node ID to be scheduled in uplink period (range: 1~64) | +| for (i=0; i0x00 – Idle SSC
0x01 – SSC to transmit data frame
0x02 – SSC to transmit MAP/R frames or be treated as transmission/reception gap
0x03 – Node ID delimiter | +| } | | | +| Padding | variable | Padding | +| RSVD2 | 12 | Reserved | + +**Table A.24 – MAP frame** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|------------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| FIRST_ID_OLI | 8 | The first node ID in the following HM_STATE field to indicate the HMs' online state | +| for (i=0; i<32; i++) { | | | +| HM_STATE | 1 | The (i+1)th HMs' online state beginning from the node ID indicated by FIRST_ID_OLI:
0x0 – Offline (not admitted or deleted)
0x1 – Online (admitted) | +| } | | | +| for (i=0; i<64; i++) { | | | +| ARQ_FLAG | 1 | Data frame ARQ acknowledgement for indicating the next expected data frame sequence number from (i+1)th HM, if data frame retransmission enabled | +| } | | | +| CRC | 32 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +**Table A.25 – R frame** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|----------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| for(i=7; i>0; i--) { | | | +| Q_FLAG#i | 1 | Queue information of queue i | +| } | | | +| QUIT_IND | 1 | Quitting indication. A value of 0x1 indicates to the HB that the HM is quitting from the network. | +| LM_REQ | 1 | Request for link maintenance | +| ARQ_FLAG | 1 | Data frame ARQ acknowledgement for indicating the next expected data frame sequence number from HB if data frame retransmission enabled | +| RSVD | 3 | Reserved | +| CRC | 4 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +### A.3 Data frame format + +The structure of the data frame is shown in Tables A.26 to A.29. + +**Table A.26 – HiMAC data frame header** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|------------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NODE_ID | 8 | Node ID of the node transmitting this HiMAC frame:
For Du frame, this field represents the source node ID.
For Dd frame, this field represents the destination node ID.
Value:
0x01-0x40 – HM ID of a specified node
0x41-0x48 – Group ID of a specified group
All other values reserved | +| EH_FLAG | 1 | Extended header flag:
0x0 – The byte following the header is not an extended header byte
0x1 – The byte following the header is an extended header byte | +| SUBFRAME_NUM | 3 | The number of subframes:
The value is n ( $n \geq 0$ ), indicating the number of HiMAC SDU encapsulated in the payload (including EISF if it is available) | +| F_SEGMENTATION_H_FLAG | 1 | The first EMAC subframe segmentation (header) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the first EMAC subframe (i.e., not including EISF) contains an EMAC header | +| F_SEGMENTATION_E_FLAG | 1 | The first EMAC subframe segmentation (tail) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the first EMAC subframe contains an EMAC tail | +| L_SEGMENTATIONT_H_FLAG | 1 | The last EMAC subframe segmentation (header) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the last EMAC subframe contains an EMAC header | +| L_SEGMENTATION_E_FLAG | 1 | The last EMAC subframe segment (tail) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the last EMAC subframe contains an EMAC tail | +| EH_FLAG (optional) | 1 | Extended header flag:
0x0 – The byte following this byte is not an extended header byte
0x1 – The byte following this byte is an extended header byte | +| EISF_FLAG (optional) | 1 | Whether the first subframe is EISF or not:
0x0 – The first subframe is not EISF
0x1 – The first subframe is EISF | +| ARQ_SN (optional) | 1 | The data frame sequence number using in ARQ | +| RSVD (optional) | 5 | Reserved | + +**Table A.27 – HiMAC data frame payload** + +| Field | Length (Bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| for (i=0; iFor (1920, 1040) truncated BCH: 1
For (1920, 1744) truncated BCH: 1
For (1920, 1728) LDPC: 1
For (3840, 3456) LDPC: 2 | The number of HiMAC data frames in one FEC block | +| $L_{\text{FEC}}$ | For (1920, 1040) truncated BCH: 1040
For (1920, 1744) truncated BCH: 1744
For (1920, 1728) LDPC: 1728
For (3840, 3456) LDPC: 3456 | The effective length of FEC block (in bits) | +| $L_{\text{HIMAC}}$ | $L_{\text{FEC}}/N_{\text{HIMAC}}$ | The length of HiMAC data frame (in bits) | +| $N_{\text{D\_T}}$ | Recommended value: 3 | The maximum number to transmit one data frame | + +The constants used in medium access control and channel allocation are specified in Table B.2, which are different from those specified in Table A.2 of Annex A of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +**Table B.2 – Medium access control and channel allocation constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|--------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| $T_{\text{MAP\_CYCLE}}$ | CP=0.5 $\mu\text{s}$ : 139 OFDM symbols
CP=1 $\mu\text{s}$ : 146 OFDM symbols
CP=2 $\mu\text{s}$ : 138 OFDM symbols | The length of a MAP cycle (including IFG) | +| $N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}$ | CP=0.5 $\mu\text{s}$ : 139
CP=1 $\mu\text{s}$ : 146
CP=2 $\mu\text{s}$ : 138 | The number of OFDM symbols in one MAP cycle (including IFG) | +| $T_{\text{R\_IFG}}$ | 1 OFDM symbol (the length of OFDM symbol is calculated based on the CP length of data frame) | The length of the frame gap between adjacent downlink/uplink frames and uplink/downlink frames | +| $T_{\text{P\_IFG}}$ | 3 OFDM symbols (the length of an OFDM symbol is calculated based on the CP length of Pd/Pu frame) | The length of the frame gap following Pd/Pu frames | +| $N_{\text{NO\_R}}$ | Recommended value: 1000 | The maximum times for the HB to continuously not to receive one HM's R frame | + +**Table B.2 – Medium access control and channel allocation constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| T KA | Recommended value: 2 s | The maximum time duration for an HM not to receive online stat indication in a MAP frame transmitted by the HB | +| L MAP_FRAME | 744 | The length of the MAP frame (in bits) | +| L R_FRAME | 18 | The length of the R frame (in bits) | +| N D_T | 3 | The maximum times to transmit one data frame | +| N D_FB | 3 | The maximum number of MAP cycles that the transmitting node waits for the data frame feedback information | +| N SF | 496 | Total bits conveyed by Pd/Pu frame payload A (including tail) | + +The constants used in the node admission process are specified in Table B.3 and Table B.5. The constants in Table B.3 consists of TL1, TL2, NA1, TA1, TA2, TA3 and TA4. Wherein, TL1, TL2, NA1, TA1 and TA2 are the same as those specified in Table A.3 of Annex A of [ITU-T J.195.3] while the constant TA3 has a different explanation from that specified in Table A.3 of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +**Table B.3 – Node admission constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|----------|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TL1 | 3 s | Maximum time for the HB and an NHM to monitor the downlink signalling frame in each channel during network searching | +| TL2 | 12 s | Maximum time for an NHM to complete downlink power control and downlink training | +| NA1 | 6 | Maximum number of ADM_REQ frames an NHM transmits | +| TA1 | 8 s | Maximum time to admit a new node after HB/NHM completes downlink training | +| TA2 | 2 s | Maximum time for the HB to receive all DLINK_REPORT fragments | +| TA3 | 5 s | Maximum time for the HB/NHM to complete uplink power control, uplink training and ranging | +| TA4 | 2 s | Maximum time for an NHM to receive all ULINK_REPORT fragments | + +The constants used in the link maintenance process are specified in Table B.4 and Table B.5. The constants in Table B.4 consists of TM0, TM1, TM2, TM3, TM4, TM5, TM6, TM7 and TM8. Wherein, TM2, TM4, TM5, TM6 and TM8 are the same with those specified in Table A.4 of Annex A of [ITU-T J.195.3], while TM0, TM1, TM3 and TM7 are different from those specified in Table A.4 of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +**Table B.4 – Link maintenance constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|----------|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TM0 | Recommended value: 600 s | Time interval between the end of the previous link maintenance and the beginning of the next link maintenance during periodical link maintenance of a group.
The recommended value is a suggestion and can be changed. | +| TM1 | 1 s | Wait time in steady state after the HB completes updating unicast parameters of an HM (except for the last HM) during periodical link maintenance of a group | +| TM2 | 12 s | Maximum time interval between the HB starting link maintenance of an HM and the update of unicast parameters being completed | +| TM3 | 1 s | Wait time in steady state after the HB completes updating the unicast parameters of the last HM during periodical link maintenance of a group; wait time in steady state after the HB completes updating unicast parameters of the HM during link maintenance of a certain HM | +| TM4 | 300 ms | Maximum time for an HM to wait for the LINK_UPDATE frame after the acknowledgement of the last ULINK_REPORT fragment | +| TM5 | 5 s | Maximum time for an HB/HM to execute downlink power control and downlink training | +| TM6 | 2 s | Maximum time for the HB to receive all DLINK_REPORT fragments | +| TM7 | 5 s | Maximum time for an HB/HM to execute uplink power control, uplink training and ranging | +| TM8 | 2 s | Maximum time for an HM to receive all ULINK_REPORT fragments | + +The constants used in both the node admission and link maintenance processes are specified in Table B.5, and these constants are identical with those of the same names as specified in Table A.5 of Annex A of [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +**Table B.5 – Other constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|----------|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| N01 | 3 | Maximum number of times to transmit a signalling frame | +| N02 | 3 | Number of times for the HB to broadcast/grouping-broadcast the LINK_UPDATE/CMP_REPORT/REJ frame | +| N03 | 30 | Maximum number of adjustments for an HB/NHM/HM to execute uplink/downlink power control | +| TC1 | 600 ms | Maximum time to receive all CMP_REPORT fragments | +| T01 | 40 ms | Recommended time for an HB/NHM/HM to wait for the next uplink/downlink signalling frame after transmitting a downlink/uplink signalling frame | +| T02 | 600 ms | Maximum time for an HM to wait for the LINK_UPDATE frame after receiving all CMP_REPORT fragments | + +# Appendix I + +## Examples of data frame retransmission mechanism + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Appendix I shows examples of normal processes to transmit and receive data frames and retransmission after errors. In the examples, all HiMAC data frames (with the same transmitting sequence number) transmitted by the transmitting node to the receiving node are presented as DATA0 or DATA1; the acknowledgements containing the expected receiving sequence number by receiving node are presented as 0 or 1. + +### a) Normal transmission and reception + +In the normal condition, it is assumed that data frames and acknowledgements are transmitted correctly. + +After receiving correct data frames, the receiving node adds one to the expected receiving sequence number and sends an acknowledgement to the transmitting node; after receiving a correct acknowledgement, the transmitting node cleans the transmitted data frames, updates the transmission sequence number and sends new data frames whose transmission sequence number is the same as the expected receiving sequence number. The example is shown in Figure I.1. + +![Sequence diagram showing normal data frame transmission between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node. The diagram shows the exchange of DATA frames (DATA0, DATA1) and ACK frames (0, 1) with corresponding state changes at both nodes.](0c88b98a59dd5d549fed7b13c0ca6536_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the normal transmission process between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node. The sequence of events is as follows: + +- Transmitting node** sends **DATA0** to **Receiving node**. +- Receiving node** receives **DATA0** correctly; **DATA1** is to be received. It sends an acknowledgement **1** to the **Transmitting node**. +- Transmitting node** receives **ACK1** correctly; it sends **DATA1** to the **Receiving node**. +- Receiving node** receives **DATA1** correctly; **DATA0** is to be received. It sends an acknowledgement **0** to the **Transmitting node**. +- Transmitting node** receives **ACK0** correctly; it sends **DATA0** to the **Receiving node**. +- Receiving node** receives **DATA0** correctly; **DATA1** is to be received. It sends an acknowledgement **1** to the **Transmitting node**. +- Transmitting node** receives **ACK1** correctly; it sends **DATA1** to the **Receiving node**. +- Receiving node** receives **DATA1** correctly; **DATA0** is to be received. The sequence continues with vertical dots. + +J.196.3(16)\_FI.1 + +Sequence diagram showing normal data frame transmission between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node. The diagram shows the exchange of DATA frames (DATA0, DATA1) and ACK frames (0, 1) with corresponding state changes at both nodes. + +Figure I.1 – Data frame normal transmission diagram + +### b) Transmission error or missing data frames + +In this condition, it is assumed that acknowledgements are transmitted correctly. + +If data frames are transmitted as failed or missing, the receiving node's expected receiving sequence number remains unchanged and it sends an acknowledgement to the transmitting node; after the transmitting node receives the acknowledgement, it retransmits the transmitted data frames at its transmission time and the transmission sequence number remains unchanged. The example is shown in Figure I.2. + +![Sequence diagram showing transmission error handling. Transmitting node sends DATA0, Receiving node ACKs with 1. Transmitting node sends DATA1, which is received in error (marked with X). Receiving node ACKs with 1 again. Transmitting node retransmits DATA1, Receiving node ACKs with 0. Transmitting node sends DATA0, which is not received. Receiving node ACKs with 0 again. Transmitting node retransmits DATA0, which is received correctly.](5e9af8986a5845504f251d3079da8078_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant T as Transmitting node + participant R as Receiving node + Note over T: Send DATA0 + T->>R: DATA0 + Note over R: DATA0 is received correctly; +DATA1 is to be received + R->>T: 1 + Note over T: ACK1 is received correctly; +Send DATA1 + T->>R: DATA1 (Error X) + Note over R: DATA1 is received in error; +DATA1 is to be received + R->>T: 1 + Note over T: ACK1 is received correctly; +Send DATA1 + T->>R: DATA1 + Note over R: DATA1 is received correctly; +DATA0 is to be received + R->>T: 0 + Note over T: ACK0 is received correctly; +Send DATA0 + T->>R: DATA0 (Lost) + Note over R: No data is received; +DATA0 is to be received + R->>T: 0 + Note over T: ACK1 is received correctly; +Send DATA1 + T->>R: DATA0 + Note over R: DATA0 is received correctly; +DATA1 is to be received + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_FI.2 + +Sequence diagram showing transmission error handling. Transmitting node sends DATA0, Receiving node ACKs with 1. Transmitting node sends DATA1, which is received in error (marked with X). Receiving node ACKs with 1 again. Transmitting node retransmits DATA1, Receiving node ACKs with 0. Transmitting node sends DATA0, which is not received. Receiving node ACKs with 0 again. Transmitting node retransmits DATA0, which is received correctly. + +Figure I.2 – Transmission error or missing data frames + +When transmitting $N_{D\_T}$ times continuously and still not receiving the correct feedback from the receiving node, the transmitting node is required to give up retransmission, update the transmission sequence number and send its following new data. On the other hand, after receiving data frames with a different transmission sequence number from the expected receiving sequence number, the receiving node is required to discard the received data frames, the expected receiving sequence number remains unchanged and feedback to the transmitting node. The transmitting node regards the acknowledgement is correct, updates the transmission sequence number and sends the new data frame. In this way, the transmitting node and receiving node realize self-synchronization of sequence number. The example is shown in Figure I.3. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating a continuous transmission error or missing data frame scenario between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node. The diagram shows the exchange of DATA frames and ACK responses, leading to a state mismatch and subsequent resynchronization.](638a308af25f1f56b4456a1fc503f161_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant TN as Transmitting node + participant RN as Receiving node + Note left of TN: Send DATA0 + TN->>RN: DATA0 + Note right of RN: DATA0 is received correctly; DATA1 is to be received + RN->>TN: 1 + Note left of TN: ACK1 is received correctly; Send DATA1 + TN->>RN: DATA1 + Note right of RN: No data is received; DATA1 is to be received + RN->>TN: 1 + Note left of TN: ACK1 is received correctly; Send DATA1 + TN->>RN: DATA1 + Note right of RN: DATA1 is received in error; DATA1 is to be received + RN->>TN: 1 + Note left of TN: ACK1 is received correctly; Send DATA1 + Note left of TN: ... + Note left of TN: After transmitting DATA1 ND_T times, no ACK0 has been received; Send DATA0 + TN->>RN: DATA0 + Note right of RN: Sequence is not matched, discard; DATA1 is to be received + RN->>TN: 1 + Note left of TN: ACK1 is received correctly; Send DATA1 + TN->>RN: DATA1 + Note left of TN: ... + Note right of RN: DATA1 is received correctly; DATA0 is to be received + +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of events between a Transmitting node (TN) and a Receiving node (RN): + +- Initial State:** TN sends DATA0. RN receives it correctly and expects DATA1. +- ACK and Next Data:** RN sends ACK1 (labeled '1'). TN receives ACK1 correctly and sends DATA1. +- Missing ACK:** RN does not receive DATA1 (No data is received) but still expects DATA1. It retransmits ACK1 ('1'). +- Retransmission:** TN receives ACK1 correctly and retransmits DATA1. +- Error:** RN receives DATA1 in error (indicated by an 'X') but still expects DATA1. It retransmits ACK1 ('1'). +- Timeout:** After transmitting DATA1 $N_{D\_T}$ times without receiving ACK0, TN gives up retransmission, updates the sequence number, and sends DATA0. +- Mismatch:** RN receives DATA0, which does not match the expected sequence number (DATA1). It discards DATA0 and retransmits ACK1 ('1'). +- Resynchronization:** TN receives ACK1 correctly and sends the next data frame, DATA1. +- Final State:** RN receives DATA1 correctly and now expects DATA0. The sequence numbers are synchronized. + +Sequence diagram illustrating a continuous transmission error or missing data frame scenario between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node. The diagram shows the exchange of DATA frames and ACK responses, leading to a state mismatch and subsequent resynchronization. + +**Figure I.3 – Continuously transmission error or missing of data frames** + +### c) Transmission error or missing acknowledgements. + +When an acknowledgement is missing, the transmitting node does nothing with the receiving node and waits for the next acknowledgement. The receiving node is required to continue to send an acknowledgement with the expected receiving sequence number remaining unchanged. The operation for acknowledgement transmission error is the same as acknowledge missing. The example is shown in Figure I.4. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating a transmission error or missing acknowledgement between a transmitting node and a receiving node.](7f7211748473542096717109ebe5a9d6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of interactions between a **Transmitting node** and a **Receiving node**. + +- The **Transmitting node** sends **DATA0** to the **Receiving node**. +- The **Receiving node** receives **DATA0** correctly and expects **DATA1**. It sends an acknowledgement **1** to the **Transmitting node**. +- The **Transmitting node** receives the acknowledgement **1** in error (indicated by an 'X'). It waits for the next acknowledgement. +- The **Receiving node** continues to expect **DATA1** and retransmits the acknowledgement **1**. +- The **Transmitting node** receives the acknowledgement **1** correctly and sends **DATA1** to the **Receiving node**. +- The **Receiving node** receives **DATA1** correctly and expects **DATA0**. It sends an acknowledgement **0** to the **Transmitting node**. +- The **Transmitting node** does not receive the acknowledgement **0** correctly and waits for the next acknowledgement. +- The **Receiving node** continues to expect **DATA0** and retransmits the acknowledgement **0**. +- The **Transmitting node** receives the acknowledgement **0** correctly and sends **DATA0** to the **Receiving node**. +- The **Receiving node** receives **DATA0** correctly and expects **DATA1**. It sends an acknowledgement **1** to the **Transmitting node**. +- The sequence continues with vertical dots. + +J.196.3(16)\_FI.4 + +Sequence diagram illustrating a transmission error or missing acknowledgement between a transmitting node and a receiving node. + +**Figure I.4 – Transmission error or missing acknowledgements** + +If the transmitting node doesn't receive an acknowledgement from the receiving node for $N_{D\_FB}$ times continuously after the data frames are received correctly by the receiving node, it is required to update the transmission sequence number and send its following new data frames. On the other hand, the receiving node receives data frames whose transmission sequence number matches the expected receiving sequence, updates the expected receiving sequence number and sends an acknowledgement to the transmitting node. In this way, the transmitting node and receiving node realize self-synchronization of sequence number and no data frame is discarded. The example is shown in Figure I.5. + +![Sequence diagram showing communication between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node with transmission errors and missing acknowledgements.](97e5074784fcca44cb850cb0ff6e2eee_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of events between a Transmitting node (left) and a Receiving node (right): + + +- Initial Exchange:** Transmitting node sends DATA0. Receiving node receives it correctly and expects DATA1 next. It sends back ACK 1. +- Second Exchange:** Transmitting node receives ACK 1 and sends DATA1. Receiving node receives DATA1 correctly and expects DATA0 next. It sends back ACK 0. +- Error Scenario:** The ACK 0 is lost. The Transmitting node waits for the next ACK. After $N_{D\_FB}$ failed attempts (indicated by vertical dots and repeated ACK 0 attempts from the receiver), the Transmitting node sends new data frames starting with DATA0. +- Recovery:** Receiving node receives DATA0 correctly, expects DATA1, and sends ACK 1. Transmitting node receives ACK 1 and sends DATA1. Receiving node receives DATA1 correctly, expects DATA0, and sends ACK 0. Transmitting node receives ACK 0 and continues. + +J.196.3(16)\_FI.5 + +Sequence diagram showing communication between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node with transmission errors and missing acknowledgements. + +**Figure I.5 – Continuously transmission error or missing of acknowledgements** + +68 **Rec. ITU-T J.196.3 (03/2024)** + +If the transmitting node doesn't receive an acknowledgement from the receiving node for ND\_FB times continuously after the data frames are received in error by the receiving node, it is required to update the transmission sequence number and send its following new data frames. On the other hand, the receiving node receives data frames whose transmission sequence doesn't match the expected receiving sequence number, discards the data frame directly, the expected receiving sequence number remains unchanged and it sends an acknowledgement to the transmitting node. The transmitting node regards the acknowledgement as correct, updates the transmission sequence number and sends new data frames. In this way, the transmitting node and receiving node realize self-synchronization of sequence number and data frames are discarded. The example is shown in Figure I.6. + +![Sequence diagram showing self-synchronization after transmission errors. It details the exchange of DATA0 and DATA1 frames and their corresponding ACKs (0 and 1) between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node, highlighting error handling and re-synchronization steps.](c98721cd60df9be3ed129ce2345d763d_img.jpg) + +``` + + sequenceDiagram + participant T as Transmitting node + participant R as Receiving node + + Note over T: Send DATA0 + T->>R: DATA0 + Note over R: DATA0 is received correctly; +DATA1 is to be received + R->>T: 1 + + Note over T: ACK1 is received correctly; +Send DATA1 + T-xR: DATA1 + Note over R: DATA1 is received in error; +DATA1 is to be received + R-->>T: 1 + Note over T: No ACK is received; +Wait for the next ACK + + Note over T,R: ... (N_D_FB times) ... + + Note over T: No ACK is received for N_D_FB times, +Send new data frames + T->>R: DATA0 + Note over R: Sequence is not matched, discard; +DATA1 is to be received + R->>T: 1 + + Note over T: ACK1 is received correctly; +Send DATA1 + T->>R: DATA1 + Note over R: DATA1 is received correctly; +DATA0 is to be received + R->>T: 0 + +``` + +J.196.3(16)\_FI.6 + +Sequence diagram showing self-synchronization after transmission errors. It details the exchange of DATA0 and DATA1 frames and their corresponding ACKs (0 and 1) between a Transmitting node and a Receiving node, highlighting error handling and re-synchronization steps. + +**Figure I.6 – Continuously transmission error or missing of acknowledgements** + +**Rec. ITU-T J.196.3 (03/2024)**      69 + +# Appendix II + +## HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 MAC layer comparison + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +HiNoC 2.0 is the second generation HiNoC. HiNoC 1.0 refers to the HiNoC system defined in [ITU-T J.195.1], [ITU-T J.195.2] and [ITU-T J.195.3]. + +The comparison of the HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 MAC layer is as follows: + +- 1) HiNoC 2.0 adopts TDMA and OFDMA while HiNoC 1.0 adopts TDMA as the multiple access mode. +- 2) HiNoC 2.0 adopts the report-authorization mechanism while HiNoC 1.0 adopts the reservation-grant mechanism to realize the channel allocation function. +- 3) HiNoC 2.0 adopts the fixed-length MAP cycle and MAP frame while HiNoC 1.0 adopts the variable length MAP cycle and MAP frame. +- 4) HiNoC 2.0 newly adds the data frame segmentation mechanism. +- 5) HiNoC 2.0 newly adds the ranging and time delay compensation mechanism. +- 6) HiNoC 2.0 newly adds the multi-channel parallel node admission and link maintenance mechanism as an option. +- 7) HiNoC 2.0 newly adds the ARQ mechanism as an option. +- 8) HiNoC 2.0 divides the channel into the basic SC and several extended SCs in frequency domain to be compatible with HiNoC 1.0. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.196.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 (2016), *Functional requirements for second-generation HiNoC*. +- [b-ITU-T X.233] Recommendation ITU-T X.233 (1993), *Information technology – Protocol for providing the connectionless-mode network service: Protocol specification*. +- [b-Chinese Standard GY/T 297-2016] NGB broadband access system (2016), *Technical specification of HINOC 2.0 physical and MAC layer*. + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment 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It features a blue globe with white grid lines and the letters 'ITU' in a bold, blue, sans-serif font. + +ITU logo + +## ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +### **Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS | J.1-J.9 | +| GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME TRANSMISSION | J.10-J.19 | +| PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.20-J.29 | +| EQUIPMENT AND LINES USED FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS | J.30-J.39 | +| DIGITAL ENCODERS FOR ANALOGUE SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS – PART 1 | J.40-J.49 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS | J.50-J.59 | +| CIRCUITS FOR ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.60-J.69 | +| ANALOGUE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION OVER METALLIC LINES AND INTERCONNECTION WITH RADIO-RELAY LINKS | J.70-J.79 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS | J.80-J.89 | +| ANCILLARY DIGITAL SERVICES FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.90-J.99 | +| OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS FOR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION | J.100-J.109 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS) | J.110-J.129 | +| TRANSPORT OF MPEG-2 SIGNALS ON PACKETIZED NETWORKS | J.130-J.139 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 1 | J.140-J.149 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.150-J.159 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) – PART 1 | J.160-J.179 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 1 | J.180-J.189 | +| CABLE MODEMS AND HOME NETWORKING | J.190-J.199 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION – PART 1 | J.200-J.209 | +| INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FOR DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION (DOCSIS THIRD TO FIFTH GENERATIONS) | J.210-J.229 | +| MULTI-DEVICE SYSTEMS FOR CABLE TELEVISION | J.230-J.239 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 2 | J.240-J.249 | +| DIGITAL TELEVISION DISTRIBUTION THROUGH LOCAL SUBSCRIBER NETWORKS | J.250-J.259 | +| IPCABLECOM (MGCP-BASED) – PART 2 | J.260-J.279 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 2 | J.280-J.289 | +| CABLE SET-TOP BOX | J.290-J.299 | +| APPLICATION FOR INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TELEVISION – PART 2 | J.300-J.309 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 3 | J.340-J.349 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) – PART 1 | J.360-J.379 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS – PART 3 | J.380-J.389 | +| MEASUREMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE – PART 4 | J.440-J.449 | +| IPCABLECOM2 (SIP-BASED) – PART 2 | J.460-J.479 | +| DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION SIGNALS - PART 4 | J.480-J.489 | +| TRANSPORT OF LARGE SCREEN DIGITAL IMAGERY | J.600-J.699 | +| SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF IPTV SERVICES | J.700-J.799 | +| MULTIMEDIA OVER IP IN CABLE | J.800-J.899 | +| TRANSMISSION OF 3-D TV SERVICES | J.900-J.999 | +| CONDITIONAL ACCESS AND PROTECTION | J.1000-J.1099 | +| SWITCHED DIGITAL VIDEO OVER CABLE NETWORKS | J.1100-J.1119 | +| SMART TV OPERATING SYSTEM | J.1200-J.1209 | +| IP VIDEO BROADCAST | J.1210-J.1219 | +| CLOUD-BASED CONVERGED MEDIA SERVICES FOR IP AND BROADCAST CABLE TELEVISION | J.1300-J.1309 | +| TELEVISION TRANSPORT NETWORK AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | J.1400-J.1409 | +| ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ASSISTED CABLE NETWORKS | J.1600-J.1649 | + +For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.198.3 + +## MAC layer specification for third-generation HiNoC + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.198.3 defines the medium access control (MAC) layer specification of third generation high performance network over coax (HiNoC 3.0), which provides 10 Gbit/s data transmission over coaxial networks in the cable industry. HiNoC consists of HiNoC bridge (HB) and HiNoC modem (HM) in terms of architectural functional entities, and is layered into medium access control (MAC) layer and physical (PHY) layer. + +HiNoC 3.0 MAC layer selects the time division duplexing (TDD) mode to adjust the bandwidth for upstream and downstream feasibly. HiNoC 3.0 MAC layer adopts time division multiple access (TDMA) and optional orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). HiNoC 3.0 MAC layer supports the channel bonding mechanism. The HiNoC 3.0 MAC layer is composed of the convergence sublayer (CS), the common part sublayer (CPS) and the optional security sublayer (SS). + +This Recommendation contains descriptions for HiNoC 3.0 MAC frame types, functions and mechanisms of CS and CPS. + +## History \* + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|--------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.198.3 | 2024-01-13 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/15801 | + +## Keywords + +MAC layer, third generation HiNoC. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2024 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 MAC layer structure ..... | 4 | +| 7 MAC layer frame types ..... | 5 | +| 7.1 Overview ..... | 5 | +| 7.2 Signalling frame ..... | 5 | +| 7.3 Control frame..... | 6 | +| 7.4 Data frame ..... | 7 | +| 7.5 Encapsulation of HiMAC3.0 frames into PHY layer frames ..... | 9 | +| 7.6 Bit and octet transmission order ..... | 9 | +| 8 Convergence sublayer..... | 9 | +| 8.1 Function of the CS..... | 9 | +| 8.2 Address learning/forwarding table generation ..... | 9 | +| 8.3 Priority mapping..... | 10 | +| 8.4 Data frame framing/deframing ..... | 10 | +| 9 Common part sublayer..... | 14 | +| 9.1 Medium access control and channel allocation ..... | 14 | +| 9.2 Node admission ..... | 27 | +| 9.3 Link maintenance ..... | 39 | +| 9.4 Node quitting/deletion ..... | 42 | +| 9.5 Network synchronization and ranging..... | 44 | +| 9.6 Power control..... | 44 | +| 10 Compatibility with HiNoC 2.0 ..... | 44 | +| Annex A – Format of MAC layer frames ..... | 46 | +| A.1 Signalling frame format..... | 46 | +| A.2 Control frame format..... | 61 | +| A.3 Data frame format..... | 63 | +| Annex B – MAC layer constants ..... | 66 | +| Bibliography..... | 68 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.198.3 + +## MAC layer specification for third-generation HiNoC + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines the medium access control (MAC) layer protocol and is part of a series of third generation HiNoC Recommendations for high-speed data transmission over coaxial cable. + +The functional requirements of third-generation HiNoC is defined in [ITU-T J.198.1], and the physical layer specification for third-generation HiNoC is defined in [ITU-T J.198.2]. + +This Recommendation applies to bidirectional high-performance broadband access digital systems that use coaxial cable connected between fibre-to-the-building (FTTB) and customer premises equipment (CPE). + +Frequency planning, safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements are a national matter and are not covered by this Recommendation. Compliance remains the operators' responsibility. + +Information on the main differences between the third-generation HiNoC (HiNoC 3.0) and the second-generation HiNoC (HiNoC 2.0) is available in [b-ITU-T J Sup 12]. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.196.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 (2016), *Functional requirements for second generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.196.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 (2016), *Physical layer specification of second generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.196.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.196.3 (2024), *MAC layer specification for second generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.198.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.198.1 (2022), *Functional requirements for third-generation HiNoC*. +- [ITU-T J.198.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.198.2 (2024), *Physical layer specification for third-generation HiNoC*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +- 3.1.1 control frame** [b-ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used for access control and channel allocation. +- 3.1.2 data frame** [b-ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used to carry data of the upper layer. +- 3.1.3 downlink** [b-ITU-T J.195.2]: Link from HiNoC bridge (HB) to HiNoC modem (HM). + +- 3.1.4 HiNoC 2.0+ channel** [ITU-T J.198.2]: A channel that supports the access of HiNoC 3.0 and 2.0 modems, and has a bandwidth of 128 MHz. +- 3.1.5 HiNoC 3.0 channel** [ITU-T J.198.2]: A channel that only supports the access of HiNoC 3.0 modems, and has a bandwidth of 128 MHz. +- 3.1.6 MAP cycle** [b-ITU-T J.195.3]: A period of time planned by a MAP frame. +- 3.1.7 packing** [b-ITU-T J.195.1]: A procedure of combining multiple Ethernet medium access control (MAC) frames with the same destination and priority to form a high performance network over coax (HiNoC) MAC frame. +- 3.1.8 Pd cycle** [b-ITU-T J.195.2]: A time interval between two adjacent downlink probe frames. +- 3.1.9 segmentation** [b-ITU-T X.233]: The act of generating two or more derived PDUs from an initial or derived PDU. The derived PDUs together carry the entire user data of the initial or derived PDU from which they were generated. +- 3.1.10 signalling frame** [b-ITU-T J.195.2]: Frame of the MAC layer used for node admission, node quitting/deletion and link maintenance. +- 3.1.11 uplink** [b-ITU-T J.195.2]: Link from HiNoC modem (HM) to HiNoC bridge (HB). + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 3.2.1 channel bonding**: A mechanism used by a HiNoC bridge (HB) and HiNoC modems (HMs) to transmit upper-layer service flows over multiple channels to increase the overall transmission rate of the HiNoC system. +- 3.2.2 HiNoC 2.0**: The short form for the second generation HiNoC defined by [ITU-T J.196.1], [ITU-T J.196.2] and [ITU-T J.196.3]. +- 3.2.3 HiNoC 3.0**: The short form for the third generation HiNoC defined by [ITU-T J.198.1], [ITU-T J.198.2] and this Recommendation. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|-----------------------------------| +| AU | Allocation Unit | +| BCH | Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (code) | +| Cd | downlink Control | +| CH | Channel | +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| CPS | Common Part Sublayer | +| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check | +| CS | Convergence Sublayer | +| Dd | downlink Data | +| Du | uplink Data | +| EISF | Extended Information Subframe | +| EMAC | Ethernet MAC | +| EMC | Electromagnetic Compatibility | + +| | | +|----------|-----------------------------------------------| +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FTTB | Fibre To The Building | +| HB | HiNoC Bridge | +| HiMAC3.0 | HiNoC 3.0 MAC | +| HiNoC | High performance Network over Coax | +| HM | HiNoC Modem | +| ID | Identifier | +| IFG | Inter-frame Gap | +| LDPC | Low Density Parity Check Code | +| MAC | Medium Access Control | +| MAP | Media Access Plan | +| NHM | New HiNoC Modem | +| OFDM | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing | +| OFDMA | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access | +| Pd | downlink Probe | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| PG | Profile Group | +| PGID | Profile Group Identifier | +| PHY | Physical | +| Pu | Physical | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| R | Report | +| Ru | uplink Report | +| SS | Security Sublayer | +| SSC | Symbol Sub-Cell | +| TDD | Time Division Duplexing | +| TDMA | Time Division Multiple Access | +| TLV | Type-Length-Value | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In this Recommendation, the words shall, shall not, should and may sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as is required to, is prohibited from, is recommended, and can optionally. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 MAC layer structure + +The HiNoC 3.0 MAC (HiMAC3.0) layer is required to consist of the convergence sublayer (CS) and common part sublayer (CPS), and can optionally include the security sublayer (SS). The CS provides adaptation functions between the CPS and higher layer, including address learning, packet forwarding table generation, priority mapping and framing/deframing functions. The CPS provides media access control, channel allocation, node admission, node quitting/deleting and link maintenance functions. The security sublayer (SS) provides identity authentication, data encryption/decryption and secret key management functions. The structure of the HiMAC3.0 is shown in Figure 1. + +![Diagram of HiMAC3.0 structure showing layers and sublayers.](daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + HL[Higher layer] --- MAC + subgraph MAC [HiNoC MAC layer] + subgraph CS [CS] + AL[Address learning and forwarding table generation] --- PM[Priority mapping] + AL --- FD[Framing/deframing] + PM --- FD + end + subgraph CPS [CPS] + MA[Media access control and channel allocation] --- NA[Node admission] + MA --- LM[Link maintenance] + MA --- NQ[Node quitting/deletion] + end + SS[SS] + end + MAC --- PHY[HiNoC PHY layer] + +``` + +J.198.3(24) + +Diagram of HiMAC3.0 structure showing layers and sublayers. + +**Figure 1 – HiMAC3.0 structure** + +When receiving protocol data units (PDUs) from the higher layer, the CS is required to perform forwarding table querying, priority mapping and framing, and then send HiMAC3.0 data frames to the corresponding queues. The CPS is required to forward the HiMAC3.0 data frames and utilize report-authorization-based medium access control and channel allocation mechanism to transfer data between the HiNoC bridge (HB) and HiNoC modem (HM). + +# 7 MAC layer frame types + +## 7.1 Overview + +Three types of HiMAC3.0 frames are defined: signalling frame, control frame and data frame. + +## 7.2 Signalling frame + +Signalling frames are required to provide the function of signalling exchange between HB and HMs during node admission, node quitting and link maintenance. + +The generic signalling frame structure is shown in Figure 2. The frame consists of four distinct regions: the frame header, the payload, the optional padding and the tail. The detailed definition of the signalling frame format is provided in clause A.1. + +Both the frame header and the payload include a fixed part followed by an optional extended part. The optional extended part has the same format in the frame header and the payload for all frame types and it is used for function expansion. It consists of a TLV\_NUM field and one or more type-length-value (TLV) coding blocks. The value of TLV\_NUM field indicates the number of TLV coding blocks. The length of the extended part is variable. The detailed definitions of the extended part and the TLV coding format are provided in clause A.1.1. + +The optional padding region is required to be filled with Bit '0' and its length is variable ( $\geq 0$ ). It is added to the signalling frame or the last signalling frame fragment as specified in clause 7.5.1 of [ITU-T J.196.3] to guarantee that the length of the signalling frame/the last signalling frame fragment equals to the fixed value $N_{SF}$ defined in Table B.1. + +The tail is required to be the 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) sequence generated over all the regions before the tail. The generator polynomial is defined in equation (1). + +$$g_1(x) = x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1 \quad (1)$$ + +![Figure 2 – Generic signalling frame format diagram](18442e4e239480f0c3c95b547aa8fde2_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the hierarchical structure of a signalling frame. At the top level, the frame is divided into four main regions: 'Signalling frame header', 'Payload', 'Padding' (indicated by a dashed box), and 'Tail'. The 'Signalling frame header' and 'Payload' are further decomposed. The header is split into a 'Header fixed part' and a 'Header extended part'. The payload is split into a 'Payload fixed part' and a 'Payload extended part'. Both the 'Header extended part' and the 'Payload extended part' are shown to have an identical internal structure: a 'TLV\_NUM' field followed by a series of 'TLV' blocks labeled 'TLV1', '...', and 'TLVn'. A small label 'J.198.3(24)' is present in the bottom right corner of the diagram. + +Figure 2 – Generic signalling frame format diagram + +**Figure 2 – Generic signalling frame format** + +Signalling frames are divided into downlink signalling frames and uplink signalling frames. + +#### a) Downlink signalling frame + +HiNoC 3.0 defines the nine types of downlink signalling frames listed in Table 1. + +**Table 1 – Downlink signalling frames** + +| Frame type | Function | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| EMPTY | Used in downlink training and ranging | +| ADM_RES | Responses to an admission request | +| REJ | Indicates that the HB refuses the admission request from the corresponding HM or will delete the corresponding HM from the current channel or the network | +| ULINK_REPORT | Informs about the uplink parameters | +| ACK | Acknowledgement to DLINK_REPORT | +| CMP_REPORT | Advertises the downlink broadcast parameters/profile group parameters of the network | +| LINK_UPDATE | Informs HMs to update their link parameters | +| QUIT_ACK | Acknowledgement to QUIT | +| POWER_CTRL | Informs an HM to adjust its transmission power gain | + +For downlink signalling frames, the frame header in Figure 2 is required to be the downlink signalling frame header. The format of the downlink signalling frame header fixed part is the same for all downlink signalling frame types. The format of the payload fixed part is different for different downlink signalling frame types. The detailed definitions of the fixed part in the downlink signalling frame header and the payload and the tail are provided in clause A.1.1. + +### b) Uplink signalling frame + +HiNoC 3.0 defines the seven types of uplink signalling frames listed in Table 2. + +**Table 2 – Uplink signalling frames** + +| Frame type | Function | +|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| EMPTY | Used in uplink training and ranging | +| ADM_REQ | Admission request from a new HM | +| ADM_ACK | Acknowledgement to ADM_RES | +| REJ_ACK | Acknowledgement to REJ | +| DLINK_REPORT | Informs about the downlink parameters | +| ACK | Acknowledgement to ULINK_REPORT | +| QUIT | Indicates quitting the current channel or the network | + +For uplink signalling frames, the frame header in Figure 2 is required to be the uplink signalling frame header. The format of the uplink signalling frame header fixed part is the same for all uplink signalling frame types. The format of the payload fixed part is different for different uplink signalling frame types. The detailed definitions of the fixed part in the uplink signalling frame header and the payload and the tail are provided in clause A.1.2. + +## 7.3 Control frame + +Control frames are required to provide the functions of channel allocation and queue information report. Two types of control frames are defined: media access plan (MAP) frame and report (R) frame. The transmission modes of these two types of frames are different. + +### a) MAP frame + +MAP frames are generated by HB and are transmitted independently on each channel. For one channel, each MAP frame is used to broadcast the channel allocation information of each MAP cycle to all the HMs admitted in the current channel. MAP frame is encapsulated into downlink control (Cd) frame in the physical (PHY) layer. + +The MAP frame format is shown in Figure 3 and the detailed definition is given in clause A.2. A MAP frame consists of eight fields: MAP cycle identifier (MAP\_ID), the number of channel allocation units (AU\_NUM), the length of the MAP frame (MAP\_LENGTH), symbol sub-cell pattern (SSC\_MAP), Padding (optional), HM node online state (HM\_STATE), reserved field (RSVD) and CRC. The SSC\_MAP field contains one or more channel allocation units (AUs), and each AU consists of an AU type (AU\_TYPE) subfield and the corresponding AU function (FUNCTION) subfield. The value of the CRC field is generated over all the fields before the CRC field. The generator polynomial is required to comply with equation (1) defined in clause 7.2. + +![Figure 3 – MAP frame format for HiNoC 3.0. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame with fields: MAP_ID (8 bits), AU_NUM (8 bits), MAP_LENGTH (16 bits), SSC_MAP (Variable), Padding (optional), HM_STATE (64 bits), RSVD (64 bits), and CRC (32 bits). The SSC_MAP field is expanded to show it contains one or more AU (Allocation Unit) structures. Each AU consists of AU_TYPE (8 bits) and FUNCTION (Variable).](ff0952ef692c9d960ce5f6708bcc9711_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MAP frame structure. The main frame consists of the following fields and their bit lengths: + + +- MAP\_ID: 8 bits +- AU\_NUM: 8 bits +- MAP\_LENGTH: 16 bits +- SSC\_MAP: Variable length +- Padding: Optional +- HM\_STATE: 64 bits +- RSVD: 64 bits +- CRC: 32 bits + + The SSC\_MAP field is expanded to show it contains one or more AU (Allocation Unit) structures. Each AU consists of: + + +- AU\_TYPE: 8 bits +- FUNCTION: Variable length + +Figure 3 – MAP frame format for HiNoC 3.0. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame with fields: MAP\_ID (8 bits), AU\_NUM (8 bits), MAP\_LENGTH (16 bits), SSC\_MAP (Variable), Padding (optional), HM\_STATE (64 bits), RSVD (64 bits), and CRC (32 bits). The SSC\_MAP field is expanded to show it contains one or more AU (Allocation Unit) structures. Each AU consists of AU\_TYPE (8 bits) and FUNCTION (Variable). + +Figure 3 – MAP frame format for HiNoC 3.0 + +### b) R frame + +R frames are generated by HMs and are used for each HM to report its current queue information to HB for channel allocation. R frame is encapsulated into uplink report (Ru) frame in the PHY layer. + +The R frame format is shown in Figure 4, and the detailed definition is given in clause A.2. An R frame consists of eight queue information indication (Q\_FLAG) fields, quitting indication (QUIT\_IND) field, link maintenance request indication (LM\_REQ) field, indication for quitting the current channel (QUIT\_FLAG) field, reserved field (RSVD) and CRC field. The value of the CRC field is generated over all the fields before the CRC field. The generator polynomial is defined in equation (2). + +$$g_2(x) = x^4 + x + 1 \quad (2)$$ + +![Figure 4 – R frame format for HiNoC 3.0. The diagram shows the structure of an R frame with fields: Q_FLAG#7 (1 bit), Q_FLAG#6 (1 bit), ... (1 bit), Q_FLAG#0 (1 bit), QUIT_IND (1 bit), LM_REQ (1 bit), QUIT_FLAG (1 bit), RSVD (3 bits), and CRC (4 bits).](e9d825d87c5f85c8dba0664eace96ef4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the R frame structure. The fields and their bit lengths are: + + +- Q\_FLAG#7: 1 bit +- Q\_FLAG#6: 1 bit +- ...: 1 bit +- Q\_FLAG#0: 1 bit +- QUIT\_IND: 1 bit +- LM\_REQ: 1 bit +- QUIT\_FLAG: 1 bit +- RSVD: 3 bits +- CRC: 4 bits + +Figure 4 – R frame format for HiNoC 3.0. The diagram shows the structure of an R frame with fields: Q\_FLAG#7 (1 bit), Q\_FLAG#6 (1 bit), ... (1 bit), Q\_FLAG#0 (1 bit), QUIT\_IND (1 bit), LM\_REQ (1 bit), QUIT\_FLAG (1 bit), RSVD (3 bits), and CRC (4 bits). + +Figure 4 – R frame format for HiNoC 3.0 + +## 7.4 Data frame + +Data frames (HiMAC3.0 data frames) are used to carry higher layer services. The HiNoC 3.0 data frame format is shown in Figure 5 and the detailed definition is given in clause A.3. A data frame consists of four regions: header, payload, padding and tail. + +![Figure 5 – HiNoC 3.0 data frame format diagram showing the structure of the frame including Header, Payload, Padding, and Tail (CRC).](4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the HiNoC 3.0 data frame format. The main frame consists of a Header, Payload, Padding, and Tail (CRC). The Header is divided into a Basic frame header and an Extended frame header (Optional). The Basic frame header contains the NODE\_ID field (8 bits) and the SUBFRAME\_NUM field (3 bits). The Extended frame header is optional and contains the EH\_FLAG, EISF\_FLAG, RSVD, Version, and Pri fields. The Payload is divided into Sub-frames, each preceded by a Sub-frame header. The Sub-frame headers are labeled SUBFRAME HEADER 1, SUBFRAME HEADER 2, SUBFRAME HEADER 3, ..., SUBFRAME HEADER N, each 8 bits long. The EH\_FLAG field in the Basic frame header is 1 bit, and the SUBFRAME\_NUM field is 3 bits. The EH\_FLAG field in the Extended frame header is 1 bit, the EISF\_FLAG field is 1 bit, the RSVD field is 2 bits, the Version field is 1 bit, and the Pri field is 3 bits. The EH\_FLAG field in the Basic frame header is also used to indicate the start and end of the first and last segmentation of the payload. + +| | | | | | | +|--------------------|--------------|----------------------------------|--------|-------------------|------------| +| Header | | Payload | | Padding | Tail (CRC) | +| Basic frame header | | Extended frame header (Optional) | | Sub-frames | | +| NODE_ID | SUBFRAME_NUM | | | | | +| 8 bits | 3 bits | | | | | +| First segmentation | | Last segmentation | | | | +| EH_FLAG | SUBFRAME_NUM | HEAD | END | HEAD | END | +| 1 bit | 3 bits | 1 bit | 1 bit | 1 bit | 1 bit | +| EH_FLAG | | EISF_FLAG | RSVD | Version | Pri | +| 1 bit | | 1 bit | 2 bits | 1 bit | 3 bits | +| SUBFRAME HEADER 1 | | SUBFRAME HEADER 2 | | SUBFRAME HEADER 3 | ... | +| 8 bits | | 8 bits | | 8 bits | 8 bits | + +Figure 5 – HiNoC 3.0 data frame format diagram showing the structure of the frame including Header, Payload, Padding, and Tail (CRC). + +J.198.3(24) + +**Figure 5 – HiNoC 3.0 data frame format** + +The data frame header consists of the basic frame header and the extended frame header. The length of the basic frame header is two bytes and it consists of the NODE\_ID field, the extended header flag (EH\_FLAG) field, the SUBFRAME\_NUM field and two Ethernet MAC (EMAC) segment indication field groups. The NODE\_ID field indicates the HM node/nodes that will send or receive this frame in the current channel. The value of the SUBFRAME\_NUM field is the number of subframes contained in the payload region. The last two EMAC segment indication field groups are used to identify the first and the last EMAC segments contained in the payload region. The EH\_FLAG field indicates whether the frame header contains the extended frame header or not. + +In HiNoC 3.0, the 1-bit EH\_FLAG field in the basic frame header is required to be set to 1, which means that the extended frame header is required to be present in the frame header. The length of the extended frame header can be one byte or more than one byte. The format of the first byte in the extended frame header is explicit and it consists of extended header flag (EH\_FLAG) field, extended information subframe flag (EISF\_FLAG) field, reserved field, data frame version (Version) field, and priority (Pri) field. The following bytes are optional for function expansion and each byte conforms to the definition that the first bit is still defined as EH\_FLAG field while the other bits are reserved. If the EH\_FLAG field is set to 1, then the following byte is still a part of the extended frame header. If the EH\_FLAG field is set to 0, then the current byte is the last byte of the extended frame header which means it is also the last byte of the frame header. + +If EISF\_FLAG field in the first byte of the extended frame header is set to 1, then the first subframe in the payload region is required to be an extended information subframe (EISF). EISF is used to convey extended information such as detailed queue information report, frame sequence number, multicast receiving member list and so on. An EISF consists of one or more TLV coding fields and a CRC field. The TLV coding format is required to comply with the detailed definition provided in clause A.1.1. The value of the CRC field is generated over all the fields before it in the EISF. The generator polynomial is required to comply with equation (1) defined in clause 7.2. EISF is prohibited from being segmented and is required to be entirely encapsulated into one data frame payload. The EISF format is shown in Figure 6, and the detailed definition is provided in clause A.3. + +![Figure 6 – EISF format diagram. The top part shows a sequence of TLV1, ..., TLVn, and a 32-bit CRC. Below TLV1, a callout shows its internal structure: 8 bits TYPE, 8 bits LENGTH, and a Variable VALUE. The label J.198.3(24) is in the bottom right.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +J.198.3(24) + +Figure 6 – EISF format diagram. The top part shows a sequence of TLV1, ..., TLVn, and a 32-bit CRC. Below TLV1, a callout shows its internal structure: 8 bits TYPE, 8 bits LENGTH, and a Variable VALUE. The label J.198.3(24) is in the bottom right. + +**Figure 6 – EISF format** + +The payload region of a data frame is required to sequentially consist of N ( $N \geq 0$ ) subframe headers and the corresponding N subframes as shown in Figure 5. The value of the subframe header is the length of the corresponding subframe, in the unit of byte. If the EISF is contained in the payload region, the EMAC frames are required to be placed following the EISF. + +The padding region is required to be filled with Bit '0' and its length is variable ( $\geq 0$ ). It is used to guarantee that the length of the data frame equals to the fixed value $L_{HIMAC}$ , so only when the sum of the length of header, payload, and tail region is less than $L_{HIMAC}$ , the padding region is required in data frames. + +The tail is CRC which is generated over all the regions before the tail. The generator polynomial is defined in equation (3). + +$$g_3(x) = x^{16} + x^{12} + x^5 + 1 \quad (3)$$ + +## 7.5 Encapsulation of HiMAC3.0 frames into PHY layer frames + +The encapsulation of HiMAC3.0 frames into PHY layer frames is required to conform to clause 7.5 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. + +## 7.6 Bit and octet transmission order + +The bit and octet transmission order is required to conform to clause 7.6 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. + +# 8 Convergence sublayer + +## 8.1 Function of the CS + +The CS is responsible for receiving PDUs from the higher layer, mapping them to the CPS and executing the reverse operations. The PDUs from the higher layer mainly refer to EMAC frames. Other types of services can also be supported which are not defined in this Recommendation. + +The functions of CS are required to include address learning/forwarding table generation, priority mapping, and framing/deframing. + +## 8.2 Address learning/forwarding table generation + +The address learning/forwarding table generation function is to establish a mapping relationship between the higher layer PDU addresses and HiNoC network nodes, so that HiNoC nodes can perform framing accordingly and forward the higher layer PDUs correctly. A HiNoC network node refers to the HB or an HM in the HiNoC system. Both the HB and the HM are identified by the system-unique Device ID, which is specified in clause 9.1.4. + +HiNoC 3.0 specifies three data transmission methods: unicast, multicast and broadcast. Multicast and broadcast transmission are only applicable to the downlink. When the higher layer PDU is an EMAC frame, the behaviour of the address learning and forwarding table generation function depends on the data transmission method: For unicast transmission, this function establishes the mapping relationship between the Ethernet MAC address and the corresponding HiNoC node. For multicast transmission, + +this function establishes the mapping relationship between the Ethernet multicast MAC address and several corresponding HM nodes. For broadcast transmission, this function establishes the mapping relationship between the Ethernet MAC address and all HM nodes in the system. + +The implementation method of the address learning/forwarding table generation function is not covered in this recommendation. + +## 8.3 Priority mapping + +The priority mapping function is required to conform to clause 8.4 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. + +## 8.4 Data frame framing/deframing + +The data frame framing/deframing function is to realize encapsulation of EMAC frames as the higher layer PDUs to HiMAC3.0 data frames and decapsulation of HiMAC3.0 data frames to EMAC frames according to the mapping relationship established by the address learning/forwarding table generation function and the priority mapping function. The EMAC frame to be encapsulated is required to include all the fields from the Destination Address field to the tail Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field. The data frame framing function includes data frame packing and data frame segmentation. The data frame deframing function includes data frame unpacking and data frame reassembly. + +The data frame packing function is to combine one or more EMAC frames/EMAC frame segments as well as the EISF (optional), and to encapsulate them into a HiMAC3.0 data frame for transmission. EMAC frames, EMAC frame segments, and the EISF constitute subframes in a HiMAC3.0 data frame. The structure of a packed HiMAC3.0 data frame is shown in Figure 7. Each HiMAC3.0 SDU in the figure corresponds to an EMAC frame/EMAC frame segment. If the data frame contains an EISF, the EISF is required to be placed in the first subframe position. + +![Diagram illustrating the packing of EMAC frames into a HiMAC3.0 data frame. The diagram shows the internal structure of a data frame, which includes subframe headers, an optional EISF, and HiMAC SDUs. Above the data frame, EMAC frames and EMAC frame segments are shown being packed into the subframe headers and SDUs. The data frame structure is divided into Header, Payload, Padding, and Tail sections.](cb4cfa42ce34febde7bdb882f3fc3094_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the packing of EMAC frames into a HiMAC3.0 data frame. At the top, an 'EMAC frame' is shown being processed through a 'Packing' function (indicated by a dashed arrow). The output of this function is a series of 'Subframe\_header' blocks (labeled 1, ..., N) and 'EMAC frame/segment' blocks. These are followed by an 'EISF (optional)' block and then 'HiMAC SDU' blocks. Below this, the 'Data frame' structure is shown, consisting of a 'Header' section, a 'Payload' section, 'Padding', and a 'Tail'. The 'Header' section of the data frame contains the 'Subframe\_header' blocks. The 'Payload' section contains the 'EISF (optional)' and 'HiMAC SDU' blocks. The 'Tail' section contains the 'Padding' and 'Tail' blocks. The diagram is labeled 'J.198.3(24)' in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram illustrating the packing of EMAC frames into a HiMAC3.0 data frame. The diagram shows the internal structure of a data frame, which includes subframe headers, an optional EISF, and HiMAC SDUs. Above the data frame, EMAC frames and EMAC frame segments are shown being packed into the subframe headers and SDUs. The data frame structure is divided into Header, Payload, Padding, and Tail sections. + +**Figure 7 – Packing of EMAC frames in HiNoC3.0 system** + +The data frame segmentation function is to divide an EMAC frame into two or more parts, each of which is called an EMAC frame segment, and to encapsulate each EMAC frame segment into a different HiMAC3.0 data frame for transmission. Segmentation is performed only when a HiMAC3.0 data frame cannot carry a complete EMAC frame. In order to realize the segmentation function, two 2-bit fields are defined in the HiMAC3.0 data frame header as Segmentation flags to provide segmentation information of the first and the last subframe that carries EMAC frame/EMAC frame segment respectively. The definition of Segmentation flag is shown in Table 3. + +If the HiMAC3.0 frame contains the EISF, the first subframe that carries EMAC frame/EMAC frame segment refers to the first subframe that follows the EISF. + +**Table 3 – Segmentation flag definition of the first/last subframe** + +| Value | Function | +|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0b00 | This subframe is neither the first segment nor the last segment of an EMAC frame | +| 0b01 | This subframe is the last segment of an EMAC frame | +| 0b10 | This subframe is the first segment of an EMAC frame | +| 0b11 | This subframe is a complete EMAC frame | + +Data frame packing and segmentation functions can be used in combination, an example of which is shown in Figure 8. + +![Figure 8: An example of combination of packing and segmentation functions. The diagram shows three HiMAC frames (HiMAC frame 1, HiMAC frame 2, and HiMAC frame 3) being packed from three EMAC frames (EMAC1, EMAC2, and EMAC3). HiMAC frame 1 contains the Header, Subframe_header, EMAC1 segment, and Tail. HiMAC frame 2 contains the Header, Subframe_header, EMAC1 segment, EMAC2 segment, and Tail. HiMAC frame 3 contains the Header, Subframe_header, EMAC3 segment, Padding, and Tail. Dashed lines connect the EMAC frames to their corresponding segments within the HiMAC frames.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +Figure 8: An example of combination of packing and segmentation functions. The diagram shows three HiMAC frames (HiMAC frame 1, HiMAC frame 2, and HiMAC frame 3) being packed from three EMAC frames (EMAC1, EMAC2, and EMAC3). HiMAC frame 1 contains the Header, Subframe\_header, EMAC1 segment, and Tail. HiMAC frame 2 contains the Header, Subframe\_header, EMAC1 segment, EMAC2 segment, and Tail. HiMAC frame 3 contains the Header, Subframe\_header, EMAC3 segment, Padding, and Tail. Dashed lines connect the EMAC frames to their corresponding segments within the HiMAC frames. + +**Figure 8 – An example of combination of packing and segmentation functions** + +The HiMAC3.0 data frame payload after framing includes N ( $N \geq 0$ ) combined subframe headers (SUBFRAME\_HEADER) and N corresponding subframes from front to back in time. Each subframe header corresponds to a subsequent subframe respectively. All the subframe headers are combined and accommodated at the beginning of the payload field. + +For unicast, multicast and broadcast transmission modes, all the HiMAC3.0 unicast, multicast and broadcast data frames adopt the same data frame structure specified in clause 7.4 and clause A.3, but the specific framing/deframing functions for each transmission mode are as follows. + +#### a) Framing/deframing function for Unicast transmission mode + +The data frame framing function for unicast transmission mode is to encapsulate one or more EMAC frames/EMAC frame segments and an EISF which are transmitted to the same HiNoC node with the same priority into a HiMAC3.0 data frame which is a unicast frame. + +For one HiMAC3.0 unicast data frame, the NODE\_ID field in the unicast frame header indicates the HM node that will receive or send this frame, and is required to be filled with the value of HM's Node ID that is the identifier of the HM node on the current channel to which this unicast frame is to be transmitted. For the HB node, the value of this field is the Node ID of the HM node that will receive the frame on the current channel. For the HM node, the value of this field is the Node ID of the HM node that will send the frame on the current channel. + +The priority (Pri) field of the first extended frame header in the unicast frame header indicates the priority of the unicast frame. + +The HiMAC3.0 unicast data frame is required to contain an EISF, so the value of the EISF\_FLAG field in the unicast frame header is required to be 1. For the channel bonding mechanism specified in clause 9.1.4, the EISF is required to contain HiMAC3.0 unicast data frame sequence number information in the TLV/TLVs, so that the receiving node can reorder the unicast data frames from multiple channels to restore the EMAC frames in sequence. For the unicast data frames going to the same HiNoC node with the same priority, the sequence numbers of every two adjacent frames are required to be continuous (to wrap around to 0 when the frame sequence number reaches the maximum value). For the unicast data frames going to different HiNoC nodes or with different + +priorities, the frame sequence numbers are required to be generated independently. If there are any other information to be reported by the EISF, it can also be filled into the EISF in the form of TLV to be transmitted together with the frame sequence number information. + +An example of a HiMAC3.0 unicast data frame is shown in Figure 9. In this example, the EISF includes a TLV indicating the frame sequence number and a TLV indicating the length of the eight priority queues in one HiNoC node. + +![Figure 9: Example of a HiMAC3.0 unicast data frame. The diagram shows the hierarchical structure of the frame. At the top, multiple 'EMAC frame/segment' units are shown being packed into a single 'HiMAC frame'. The 'HiMAC frame' structure consists of a 'Header', a 'Payload', 'Padding', and a 'CRC'. The 'Header' contains fields: '...', 'EISF_FLAG', '...', 'SUBFRAME_HEADER 1', '...', 'SUBFRAME_HEADER N', 'EISF', 'HiMAC SDU', '...', and 'HiMAC SDU'. The 'EISF' (Extended Information Subfield) is expanded to show 'TLV 1' and 'TLV 2'. 'TLV 1' has Type '0x21' (Unicast), Length, and Value 'Frame sequence number'. 'TLV 2' has Type '0x20', Length, and Value '8 priority queue lengths'. A vertical dashed arrow on the left labeled 'Packing' indicates the aggregation of EMAC frames into the HiMAC frame.](dfe556fea00682b09a59427aaf72051c_img.jpg) + +Figure 9: Example of a HiMAC3.0 unicast data frame. The diagram shows the hierarchical structure of the frame. At the top, multiple 'EMAC frame/segment' units are shown being packed into a single 'HiMAC frame'. The 'HiMAC frame' structure consists of a 'Header', a 'Payload', 'Padding', and a 'CRC'. The 'Header' contains fields: '...', 'EISF\_FLAG', '...', 'SUBFRAME\_HEADER 1', '...', 'SUBFRAME\_HEADER N', 'EISF', 'HiMAC SDU', '...', and 'HiMAC SDU'. The 'EISF' (Extended Information Subfield) is expanded to show 'TLV 1' and 'TLV 2'. 'TLV 1' has Type '0x21' (Unicast), Length, and Value 'Frame sequence number'. 'TLV 2' has Type '0x20', Length, and Value '8 priority queue lengths'. A vertical dashed arrow on the left labeled 'Packing' indicates the aggregation of EMAC frames into the HiMAC frame. + +**Figure 9 – Example of a HiMAC3.0 unicast data frame** + +#### b) Framing/deframing function for Multicast transmission mode + +The data frame framing function for multicast transmission mode is to encapsulate one or more EMAC multicast frames/EMAC multicast frame segments and an EISF to be sent to the same multicast address with the same priority into a HiMAC3.0 data frame which is a multicast frame. + +The value of the NODE\_ID field in the multicast frame header is required to be a fixed value 0x49. + +The priority (Pri) field of the first extended frame header in the multicast frame header indicates the priority of the multicast frame. + +The HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame is required to contain an EISF, so the value of the EISF\_FLAG field in the multicast frame header is required to be 1. + +The multicast transmission mode includes simple mode and complex mode. The contents of EISF in the frame structure are different for the two modes. + +In the simple mode of multicast transmission, the EISF in the multicast data frame is required to contain the multicast receiving member list information in the TLV/TLVs, which indicates the multicast members that will receive the multicast frames on the current channel. If there are any other information to be transmitted, it can also be filled into the EISF in the form of TLV. + +An example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in simple mode is shown in Figure 10. In this example, the EISF includes a TLV indicating the multicast receiving member list information. + +![Figure 10: Example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in simple mode. The diagram shows the structure of an EMAC frame being packed into a HiMAC frame. The EMAC frame contains multiple segments (EMAC frame/segment) which are mapped to the Payload of the HiMAC frame. The HiMAC frame structure includes a Header, Payload, Padding, and CRC. The Header contains fields: ..., EISF_FLAG, ..., SUBFRAME_HEADER 1, ..., SUBFRAME_HEADER N, EISF, HiMAC SDU, ..., HiMAC SDU. The EISF field contains a TLV (Type-Length-Value) structure for Multicast. The TLV structure is: Type (0x22), Length, and Value (Receiving member list).](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +J.198.3(24) + +Figure 10: Example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in simple mode. The diagram shows the structure of an EMAC frame being packed into a HiMAC frame. The EMAC frame contains multiple segments (EMAC frame/segment) which are mapped to the Payload of the HiMAC frame. The HiMAC frame structure includes a Header, Payload, Padding, and CRC. The Header contains fields: ..., EISF\_FLAG, ..., SUBFRAME\_HEADER 1, ..., SUBFRAME\_HEADER N, EISF, HiMAC SDU, ..., HiMAC SDU. The EISF field contains a TLV (Type-Length-Value) structure for Multicast. The TLV structure is: Type (0x22), Length, and Value (Receiving member list). + +**Figure 10 – Example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in simple mode** + +In the complex mode of multicast transmission, the EISF in the multicast data frame is required to contain the multicast data frame sequence number, the multicast receiving member list information and the multicast group ID, and each information of them is filled into a TLV. The TLV of multicast group ID uniquely identifies the multicast group to which the frame belongs. The value is the lower 24 bits of the multicast address in EMAC frames carried by it. For the TLV of multicast data frame sequence number, the frame sequence number of each HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame destined for the same multicast group should remain continuous (to wrap around to 0 when the frame sequence number reaches the maximum value). For HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames destined for different multicast groups, their frame sequence numbers are required to be generated independently. The TLV of multicast receiving member list indicates the receiving members of the multicast frames on this channel. If there are any other information to be transmitted, it can also be filled into the EISF in the form of TLV. + +An example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in complex mode is shown in Figure 11. In this example, the EISF includes a TLV of multicast frame sequence number, a TLV of multicast receiving and a TLV of multicast group ID. + +![Figure 11: Example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in complex mode. The diagram shows the structure of an EMAC frame being packed into a HiMAC frame. The EMAC frame contains multiple segments (EMAC frame/segment) which are mapped to the Payload of the HiMAC frame. The HiMAC frame structure includes a Header, Payload, Padding, and CRC. The Header contains fields: ..., EISF_FLAG, ..., SUBFRAME_HEADER 1, ..., SUBFRAME_HEADER N, EISF, HiMAC SDU, ..., HiMAC SDU. The EISF field contains three TLVs (Type-Length-Value) for Multicast. The TLV structures are: TLV 1 (Type 0x21, Value: Frame sequence number), TLV 2 (Type 0x22, Value: Receiving member list), and TLV 3 (Type 0x23, Value: Multicast group ID).](10781f43062bf3e9601a1e086710556c_img.jpg) + +J.198.3(24) + +Figure 11: Example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in complex mode. The diagram shows the structure of an EMAC frame being packed into a HiMAC frame. The EMAC frame contains multiple segments (EMAC frame/segment) which are mapped to the Payload of the HiMAC frame. The HiMAC frame structure includes a Header, Payload, Padding, and CRC. The Header contains fields: ..., EISF\_FLAG, ..., SUBFRAME\_HEADER 1, ..., SUBFRAME\_HEADER N, EISF, HiMAC SDU, ..., HiMAC SDU. The EISF field contains three TLVs (Type-Length-Value) for Multicast. The TLV structures are: TLV 1 (Type 0x21, Value: Frame sequence number), TLV 2 (Type 0x22, Value: Receiving member list), and TLV 3 (Type 0x23, Value: Multicast group ID). + +**Figure 11 – Example of a HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame in complex mode** + +- c) Framing/deframing function for broadcast transmission mode + +The data frame framing function for broadcast transmission mode is to encapsulate one or more EMAC frames/EMAC frame segments and an optional EISF to be sent to all HM nodes with the same priority into a HiMAC3.0 data frame which is a broadcast frame. + +The value of the NODE\_ID field in the broadcast frame header is required to be a fixed value 0x4A. + +The priority (Pri) field of the first extended frame header in the broadcast data frame header indicates the priority of the frame. + +EISF is optional in the HiMAC3.0 broadcast data frame. If an EISF is included, the value of the EISF\_FLAG field in the broadcast data frame header is required to be 1. + +The transmitted HiMAC3.0 data frames which have already been framed will be deframed (unpacked and reassembled) when they come to the CS of the destination node, and the EMAC frames and EISF will be recovered. + +# 9 Common part sublayer + +## 9.1 Media access control and channel allocation + +### 9.1.1 Overview + +The main mechanisms of HiNoC 3.0 medium access control and channel allocation are as follows: + +- a) The spectrum for HiNoC 3.0 is divided into N channels in the frequency domain, where $1 \leq N \leq 8$ , and one channel is defined as a continuous 128 MHz spectrum. HB and HM can operate on multiple channels simultaneously. +- b) Each HM is required to be admitted to a certain channel before accessing it. +- c) Once the HM is admitted, its access to each channel is entirely under the centralized control of the HB. +- d) In the time domain, HiNoC 3.0 uses Pd cycle as the time period and the time within each Pd cycle is divided into several MAP cycles. On each channel, the HiNoC 3.0 system performs access control and channel allocation based on MAP cycles. +- e) Each HM is required to adopt the report-authorization mechanism to access its channels. Each HM is required to report its own uplink bandwidth requirement to the HB in its R frame transmission slot. Based on the information provided by each HM on all the channels and HB's local downlink queues information, the HB should generate the channel allocation scheme for each channel, and announce the channel allocation scheme for the next MAP cycle to each HM through the MAP frames on each channel. HB and each HM transmit data according to the channel allocation scheme in the MAP frame. +- f) The channel bonding mechanism is required to be supported. HB and each HM can communicate using multiple channels to increase the data transmission rate. +- g) The profile group transmission mechanism is required to be supported. After allocating a profile group transmission opportunity, HB can use it to transmit downlink data frames to one or more HMs within that profile group, thereby reducing the downlink data transmission latency. +- h) During the process of channel allocation, the quality of service (QoS) guarantee based on priority is required to be supported. +- i) Ranging and delay compensation are required to be supported. +- j) HiNoC 3.0 is backward compatible with HiNoC 2.0. HiNoC 3.0-compliant HB is required to support access from HiNoC 2.0 HMs. + +This section specifies the medium access control and channel allocation mechanism of the HiNoC 3.0 MAC layer protocol, mainly including the Pd cycle and MAP cycle structure, MAP cycle allocation, channel bonding and profile group transmission mechanism. + +The constants referred to in clause 9.1, such as $T_{P\_IFG}$ are defined in Table B.2. + +### 9.1.2 Pd cycle and MAP cycle + +HiNoC 3.0 HB and HM can work simultaneously on multiple channels. On each channel of HiNoC 3.0 system, the Pd cycle is used as the time period and the time within each Pd cycle is divided into MAP cycles. In HiNoC 3.0 system MAP cycle is used for channel allocation. + +#### a) Pd cycle + +On each channel of HiNoC 3.0 system, the Pd frames are required to be transmitted periodically at the PHY layer and the time interval between the start time of two adjacent Pd frames is called a Pd cycle which is equal to 65536 $\mu\text{s}$ . The start time of each Pd cycle refers to the time that HB starts to send the Pd frame at the PHY layer. The Pd cycles on each channel are required to be strictly aligned in transmission time and the network synchronization between different channels is required to conform to clause 9.5. It is required to take the start time of a Pd frame as the HiNoC 3.0 network starting time in each Pd cycle. + +The Pd cycles on each channel are shown in Figure 12. Each Pd cycle is required to contain a fixed Pd frame time slot and a fixed uplink probe (Pu) frame group time slot. The Pu frame group time slot is required to consist of nine continuously accommodated Pu frame time slots and their inter-frame gaps (IFGs) wherein the fifth Pu frame time slot is in the middle of the Pd cycle and the time interval between the start time of the fifth Pu frame and an adjacent Pd frame is 32768 $\mu\text{s}$ . An IFG is required to be reserved following each Pd/Pu frame, the value of which is provided by $T_{P\_IFG}$ . Each Pd or Pu frame time slot is used to transmit one Pd or Pu frame. The MAC layer downlink/uplink signalling frames are carried by Pd/Pu frames. + +![Figure 12: Pd cycles on each channel. The diagram shows four channels (Channel N-1, Channel N-2, Channel 1, Channel 0) over time (t). Each channel has a repeating pattern of Pd frames and Pu frame groups. The Pd frames are shown as grey blocks, and the Pu frame groups are shown as white blocks. The time interval between the start of one Pd cycle and the next is labeled as the n-th Pd cycle. The total bandwidth is indicated as 128 MHz. The diagram is labeled J.198.3(24).](73dff6b45b2b9ffd384bab3235f869af_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the timing of Pd cycles across four channels (Channel N-1, Channel N-2, Channel 1, and Channel 0). The vertical axis represents frequency (f) and the horizontal axis represents time (t). Each channel shows a periodic sequence of a Pd frame (grey block) followed by a Pu frame group (white block). The start of each Pd cycle is aligned across all channels. The time interval between the start of one Pd cycle and the next is labeled as the $n^{\text{th}}$ Pd cycle. The total bandwidth is indicated as 128 MHz. The diagram is labeled J.198.3(24). + +Figure 12: Pd cycles on each channel. The diagram shows four channels (Channel N-1, Channel N-2, Channel 1, Channel 0) over time (t). Each channel has a repeating pattern of Pd frames and Pu frame groups. The Pd frames are shown as grey blocks, and the Pu frame groups are shown as white blocks. The time interval between the start of one Pd cycle and the next is labeled as the n-th Pd cycle. The total bandwidth is indicated as 128 MHz. The diagram is labeled J.198.3(24). + +Figure 12 – Pd cycles on each channel + +#### b) MAP cycle + +On each channel of HiNoC 3.0 system, the time of each Pd cycle except for the fixed Pd frame time slot and Pu frame group time slot is divided into continuous and non-overlapping MAP cycles. The relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles on one channel is shown in Figure 13. The start time and end time of each MAP cycle refer to offset time relative to the network starting time. A MAP cycle is prohibited from being split by a Pd or Pu frame. A MAP cycle includes $N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}$ OFDM symbols and the value of $N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}$ can be configured and is required to be noticed by Pd frames on each channel. + +![Figure 13: Relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles on a channel. The diagram shows a 'Pd cycle' at the top containing 'Pd', 'Pu group', and 'Pd' segments. Below it, a sequence of 'MAP cycle' blocks is shown, separated by ellipses. A dashed line connects the 'Pd' segments to the 'MAP cycle' blocks. The 'Pu group' is expanded into a sequence of 'Pu #1', 'P_IFG', 'Pu #2', 'P_IFG', ..., 'Pu #9', 'P_IFG', followed by 'MAP cycle' blocks. The text 'J.198.3(24)' is in the bottom right corner.](e69b9188aa2c14ec6b21c83f711fef65_img.jpg) + +Figure 13: Relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles on a channel. The diagram shows a 'Pd cycle' at the top containing 'Pd', 'Pu group', and 'Pd' segments. Below it, a sequence of 'MAP cycle' blocks is shown, separated by ellipses. A dashed line connects the 'Pd' segments to the 'MAP cycle' blocks. The 'Pu group' is expanded into a sequence of 'Pu #1', 'P\_IFG', 'Pu #2', 'P\_IFG', ..., 'Pu #9', 'P\_IFG', followed by 'MAP cycle' blocks. The text 'J.198.3(24)' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 13 – Relationship between MAP cycles and Pd cycles on a channel** + +The MAP cycles on each channel are required to be strictly aligned in transmission time. Each MAP cycle on each channel has a MAP frame and the MAP frames within the same MAP cycle on different channels are independent. On any one channel, the allocation scheme of each MAP cycle is required to be scheduled by the MAP frame in the previous MAP cycle, that is, the allocation scheme of the channel in the $n^{\text{th}}$ MAP cycle is required to be scheduled by the MAP frame in the $(n-1)^{\text{th}}$ MAP cycle, as shown in Figure 14. + +![Figure 14: MAP cycles on each channel. The diagram shows four channels (Channel N-1, Channel N-2, Channel 1, Channel 0) with 'MAP' frames at specific time intervals. The horizontal axis is time 't', and the vertical axis is frequency 'f'. The time intervals are labeled as '(n-1)th MAP cycle', 'nth MAP cycle', and '(n+1)th MAP cycle'. A vertical double-headed arrow indicates a bandwidth of 128 MHz. The text 'J.198.3(24)' is in the bottom right corner.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +Figure 14: MAP cycles on each channel. The diagram shows four channels (Channel N-1, Channel N-2, Channel 1, Channel 0) with 'MAP' frames at specific time intervals. The horizontal axis is time 't', and the vertical axis is frequency 'f'. The time intervals are labeled as '(n-1)th MAP cycle', 'nth MAP cycle', and '(n+1)th MAP cycle'. A vertical double-headed arrow indicates a bandwidth of 128 MHz. The text 'J.198.3(24)' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 14 – MAP cycles on each channel** + +Within each MAP cycle on a certain channel, HB uses one or multiple consecutive OFDM symbols to carry MAP frames, where the length and start position of MAP frame occupying OFDM symbols are announced by the downlink signalling frames on the channel. As a default setting, the first two OFDM symbols in each MAP cycle are used to carry MAP frame. Within each MAP cycle on a certain channel, HMs on the channel share one or multiple consecutive OFDM symbols to carry R frames respectively, where the length and start position of R frame occupying OFDM symbols are announced by the downlink signalling frames on the channel. As a default setting, the last OFDM symbol in each MAP cycle is used to carry R frames. + +Each MAP cycle is divided into a downlink period, an uplink period and two reverse intervals between two adjacent periods. The downlink period is used to transmit downlink control frames and data frames, and the uplink period is used to transmit uplink control frames and data frames. Within each MAP cycle, the downlink period precedes the uplink period. The length of downlink period and uplink period are variable. It is prohibited that one OFDM symbol is used to transmit downlink frames and uplink frames simultaneously. The reverse interval between two adjacent periods which is also the inter-frame gap between two adjacent downlink and uplink symbols or between two adjacent uplink and downlink symbols is defined as R\_IFG with the value of $T_{R\_IFG}$ . The MAP cycle structure is shown in Figure 15. + +![Figure 15 – MAP cycle structure diagram showing Downstream and Upstream directions within a MAP cycle. The diagram illustrates the sequence of frames: MAP, followed by a series of data frames, then R_IFG, then Upstream data frames, then R, then R_IFG, and finally another MAP frame. The entire sequence is labeled as a 'MAP cycle'. The vertical axis is labeled 'f' and the horizontal axis is labeled 't/OFDM symbol'. The reference 'J.198.3(24)' is shown in the bottom right corner.](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +Figure 15 – MAP cycle structure diagram showing Downstream and Upstream directions within a MAP cycle. The diagram illustrates the sequence of frames: MAP, followed by a series of data frames, then R\_IFG, then Upstream data frames, then R, then R\_IFG, and finally another MAP frame. The entire sequence is labeled as a 'MAP cycle'. The vertical axis is labeled 'f' and the horizontal axis is labeled 't/OFDM symbol'. The reference 'J.198.3(24)' is shown in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 15 – MAP cycle structure** + +### 9.1.3 Allocation of MAP cycle + +HiNoC 3.0 specifies the report-authorization mechanism to allocate channel resources of each MAP cycle to HB and HMs. The basic process is as follows: Each HM is required to utilize any one R frame slot allocated to it on its working channels to send an R frame to report bandwidth requirements for each of its priority queues. Furthermore, each HM can also use the EISF of its uplink data frame to report detailed queue information. Based on the information provided by each HM and local downlink queues information, the HB should separately generate a channel allocation scheme of a MAP cycle for each channel. The HB should send MAP frames separately on each channel to announce the channel allocation scheme for the corresponding channel, and the MAP frame in the current MAP cycle indicates the channel allocation scheme of the next MAP cycle. The HB and HMs are required to transmit data according to the scheme indicated in the MAP frames. + +Each HM can send R frames to HB on any one of its working channels and the R frame is carried by the Ru frame at PHY layer. Each R frame has a length of $L_{R\_FRAME}$ bits, with an 8-bit Q\_FLAG field designated to indicate the information of eight queues respectively. The configuration method for the Q\_FLAG field is not covered in this Recommendation. Additionally, each HM can report its detailed queues information using the TLV field in the EISF carried by its uplink data frame. + +Based on the information provided by each HM and the local downlink queues information, HB should send independent MAP frames on each channel. The length of a MAP frame is related to the number of OFDM symbols it occupies, and it is configured through the downlink signalling frame. A MAP frame consists of MAP cycle ID (MAP\_ID), the number of allocation units (AU\_NUM), MAP frame length (MAP\_LENGTH), SSC pattern (SSC\_MAP), padding (optional), HM online status (HM\_STATE), reserved (RSVD), and CRC fields. The definition of these fields is as follows: + +- MAP\_ID (8 bits): ID number of the next MAP cycle scheduled by this MAP frame within its Pd cycle (numbering from 1), wherein, the ID number denotes which MAP cycle it is within its Pd cycle. Each HM can determine the starting time of the MAP cycle scheduled by this MAP frame through the MAP\_ID. +- AU\_NUM (8 bits): The number of allocation units (AUs) in the SSC\_MAP field of the current MAP frame. +- MAP\_LENGTH (16 bits): The length of the MAP frame, measured in bytes. +- SSC\_MAP (variable length): This field sequentially indicates the allocation of each SSC in the next MAP cycle on the current channel, excluding the time slots of the MAP frame and R frame. The number of subcarriers contained in an SSC is configured by the downlink signalling frame, with a minimum of 16 and a maximum of 2048. The detailed definition of SSC\_MAP can be found in the content below within this section. +- Padding (variable length): A padding field. Its length is related to the MAP frame length to ensure that the sum of the lengths of all fields in the current MAP frame reaches a pre-configured MAP frame length. +- HM\_STATE (64 bits): The online status of the HM admitted on the current channel. +- RSVD (64 bits): Reserved. +- CRC (32 bits): Cyclic redundancy check. + +The detailed definition of SSC\_MAP field in a MAP frame is as follows: + +The SSC\_MAP consists of AU\_NUM allocation units (AUs). The MAP frame uses AUs for channel allocation, and each AU indicates the purpose and the length or position of one or more consecutive SSCs in the MAP cycle. Consecutive AUs in the SSC\_MAP correspond to continuous SSCs in the MAP cycle. Each AU consists of an AU type (AU\_TYPE) field and an AU function (FUNCTION) field. The AU\_TYPE represents the function of the AU field, and the FUNCTION indicates the value corresponding to the AU function. The definition and functional description of the AU fields are shown in Table 4. + +**Table 4 – Definition and Function Description of AU Field** + +| Value of AU_TYPE | Usage of AU_TYPE | Usage of FUNCTION | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------| +| 0x00 | This AU indicates idle SSCs. | The number of idle SSCs | +| 0x01-0x40 | This AU allocates SSCs to an HM with Node ID ranging from 0x01 to 0x40 on the current channel. | The number of SSCs allocated | +| 0x41-0x48 | This AU allocates SSCs to a profile group with Profile Group Identifier (PGID) ranging from 0x41 to 0x48 on the current channel. | The number of SSCs allocated | +| 0x49 | This AU allocates SSCs for multicast frames. | The number of SSCs allocated | +| 0x4A | This AU allocates SSCs for broadcast frames. | The number of SSCs allocated | +| 0x7F | This AU indicates the position of reverse interval between downlink period and uplink period. | The position of the reverse interval | + +The detailed functions of AUs in the SSC\_MAP are defined as follows: + +- a) **AU\_TYPE value is 0x00:** This AU allocates idle SSCs, which means the SSCs indicated by this AU are not allocated to any node. The FUNCTION field of this AU represents the number of idle SSCs. +- b) **AU\_TYPE value is 0x01-0x40:** This AU allocates SSC resources to an HM with Node ID of 0x01 ~ 0x40 on the current channel for receiving/transmitting downlink/uplink unicast data frames. The FUNCTION field of this AU represents the number of SSCs allocated to this HM. +- c) **AU\_TYPE value is 0x41-0x48:** This AU allocates SSC resources to a profile group with Profile Group ID (PGID) of 0x41 ~ 0x48 and the SSCs will be used for transmitting downlink unicast data frames to any HMs of this profile group. The FUNCTION field of this AU represents the number of SSCs allocated to this profile group. +- d) **AU\_TYPE value is 0x49:** This AU allocates SSC resources to HB for transmitting downlink multicast data frames. The FUNCTION field of this AU indicates the number of SSCs allocated for transmitting multicast data frames. +- e) **AU\_TYPE value is 0x4A:** This AU allocates SSC resources to HB for transmitting downlink broadcast data frames. The FUNCTION field of this AU indicates the number of SSCs allocated for broadcasting data frames. +- f) **AU\_TYPE value is 0x7F:** This AU is used to indicate the position of the downlink/uplink reverse interval. The FUNCTION field of this AU indicates which OFDM symbol is the reverse interval within this MAP cycle. + +The number of sub-carriers occupied by an SSC in an OFDM symbol is configured by the downlink signalling frame, and the length of an SSC determines the granularity of bandwidth allocation. + +HiNoC 3.0 specifies time division multiple access (TDMA) mode and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) mode for data frame transmission, with TDMA mode being mandatory and OFMDA mode being optionally supported. The granularity and result of bandwidth allocation differ between the two modes. For TDMA mode, channel allocation is required to be conducted based on OFDM symbols, so the SSC is required to be configured as 2048 successive sub-carriers, meaning that one SSC is equivalent to one OFDM symbol. In this mode, different HMs transmit or receive data using different OFDM symbols. For OFDMA mode, the number of sub-carriers occupied by one SSC can be configured to different values, with a minimum of 16. In this mode, multiple HMs can share the same OFDM symbol to transmit data. + +Examples of channel allocation of a MAP cycle using MAP frame in TDMA and OFDMA mode are illustrated in Figure 16 and Figure 17 respectively. + +![Figure 16: Example of correspondence between SSC_MAP and channel allocation scheme of a MAP cycle in TDMA mode. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and its corresponding channel allocation scheme in a MAP cycle. The MAP frame structure includes fields: MAP_ID, AU_NUM, MAP_LENGTH, SSC_MAP, Padding, HM_STATE, RSVD, and CRC. The SSC_MAP field is expanded to show a table of AU_TYPE and FUNCTION for each AU. The channel allocation scheme shows a MAP cycle divided into Downstream and Upstream periods. The Downstream period includes MAP, Broadcast, HM1, HM2, HM3, Idle, PG(0x43), HM2, and Multicast. The Upstream period includes R_IFG, HM1, HM2, HM3, R, and R_IFG. The total bandwidth is 128 MHz.](552265bdbcf6d43d341fd018a9076269_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the correspondence between the SSC\_MAP field in a MAP frame and the channel allocation scheme in a MAP cycle for TDMA mode. At the top, the MAP frame structure is shown with fields: MAP\_ID, AU\_NUM, MAP\_LENGTH, SSC\_MAP, Padding, HM\_STATE, RSVD, and CRC. The SSC\_MAP field is expanded into a table with columns for AU\_TYPE and FUNCTION. The table lists various allocation types: Broadcast (AU\_TYPE: 0x4A, FUNCTION: 0x01), HM1 (AU\_TYPE: 0x01, FUNCTION: 0x03), HM2 (AU\_TYPE: 0x02, FUNCTION: 0x04), HM3 (AU\_TYPE: 0x03, FUNCTION: 0x02), Idle (AU\_TYPE: 0x00, FUNCTION: 0x01), PG(0x43) (AU\_TYPE: 0x43, FUNCTION: 0x03), Multicast (AU\_TYPE: 0x02, FUNCTION: 0x01), Downlink/uplink R\_IFG (AU\_TYPE: 0x7F, FUNCTION: 0x2F), and another HM1 (AU\_TYPE: 0x01, FUNCTION: 0x08). Below this, a diagram of a MAP cycle shows the channel allocation. The cycle is divided into Downstream and Upstream periods. The Downstream period includes the MAP frame, Broadcast, HM1, HM2, HM3, Idle, PG(0x43), HM2, and Multicast. The Upstream period includes R\_IFG, HM1, HM2, HM3, R, and R\_IFG. The total bandwidth is 128 MHz. The text 'J.198.3(24)' is visible in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 16: Example of correspondence between SSC\_MAP and channel allocation scheme of a MAP cycle in TDMA mode. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and its corresponding channel allocation scheme in a MAP cycle. The MAP frame structure includes fields: MAP\_ID, AU\_NUM, MAP\_LENGTH, SSC\_MAP, Padding, HM\_STATE, RSVD, and CRC. The SSC\_MAP field is expanded to show a table of AU\_TYPE and FUNCTION for each AU. The channel allocation scheme shows a MAP cycle divided into Downstream and Upstream periods. The Downstream period includes MAP, Broadcast, HM1, HM2, HM3, Idle, PG(0x43), HM2, and Multicast. The Upstream period includes R\_IFG, HM1, HM2, HM3, R, and R\_IFG. The total bandwidth is 128 MHz. + +**Figure 16 – Example of correspondence between SSC\_MAP and channel allocation scheme of a MAP cycle in TDMA mode** + +Figure 16 illustrates an example of SSC\_MAP encoding in the MAP frame on one channel and its corresponding channel allocation of the MAP cycle in TDMA mode. Each SSC in the SSC\_MAP corresponds to one OFDM symbol. In this example, the first two OFDM symbols of the MAP cycle is used to transmit the MAP frame, so in the SSC\_MAP, the channel is allocated from the third OFDM symbol of the MAP cycle and each AU sequentially indicates the allocation scheme for each SSC (OFDM symbol) excluding the SSCs used for MAP frame, R frame and the last reverse interval within the MAP cycle. + +As shown in the figure, first it is the downlink transmission period: + +- The first OFDM symbol after the MAP frame (which is the 3rd symbols of the MAP cycle) is used to transmit broadcast data frames. +- The next three symbols (from the 4th to the 6th symbols of the MAP cycle) are for transmitting unicast data frames to HM1. +- The following four symbols (from the 7th to the 10th symbols of the MAP cycle) are for downlink unicast data frames to HM2. +- The next two symbols (from the 11th to the 12th symbols of the MAP cycle) are for downlink unicast data frames to HM3. +- The following OFDM symbol (the 13th symbol) is idle. +- The next three symbols (from the 14th to the 16th symbols) are allocated to the profile group with PGID of 0x43, used for transmitting unicast data frames to one or more HMs belonging to this group. + +- The following two symbols (the 17th and the 18th symbols) are for transmitting unicast data frames to HM2 again. +- The next symbol (the 19th symbol) is for transmitting downlink multicast data frames, and so on. + +Following the downlink period, there is a reverse interval with a length of one OFDM symbol, located at the 47th OFDM symbol of this MAP cycle. + +Then comes the uplink transmission period: + +- The first eight symbols (from the 1st to the 8th symbol of the uplink period) are allocated to HM1 for transmitting uplink data frames. +- The next six symbols (from the 9th to the 14th symbols of the uplink period) are for HM2's uplink data frame transmission. +- The last symbol before the R frame is allocated to HM3 for transmitting uplink data frames, and so on. + +![Figure 17: Example of correspondence between SSC_MAP and channel allocation scheme of a MAP cycle in OFDMA mode. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and a corresponding channel allocation scheme. The top part shows the MAP frame structure with fields: MAP_ID, AU_NUM, MAP_LENGTH, SSC_MAP, Padding, HM_STATE, RSVD, CRC, and MAP frame. The SSC_MAP is expanded to show Allocation Units (AUs) with their types and functions. The bottom part shows a 2D grid representing the channel allocation scheme over time (t/OFDM symbol) and frequency (128 MHz). The grid is divided into Downstream and Upstream periods. The legend identifies various allocation types: Broadcast, HM1, HM2, HM3, HM4, Multicast, Idle, PG(0x43), and R_IFG. The diagram also shows the positions of the MAP frame, R_IFG, and R frame within the cycle.](58f4167687de8d7339594e5f6fbe0bc6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the correspondence between the SSC\_MAP and the channel allocation scheme. The top part shows the MAP frame structure with fields: MAP\_ID, AU\_NUM, MAP\_LENGTH, SSC\_MAP, Padding, HM\_STATE, RSVD, CRC, and MAP frame. The SSC\_MAP is expanded to show Allocation Units (AUs) with their types and functions. The bottom part shows a 2D grid representing the channel allocation scheme over time (t/OFDM symbol) and frequency (128 MHz). The grid is divided into Downstream and Upstream periods. The legend identifies various allocation types: Broadcast, HM1, HM2, HM3, HM4, Multicast, Idle, PG(0x43), and R\_IFG. The diagram also shows the positions of the MAP frame, R\_IFG, and R frame within the cycle. + +Figure 17: Example of correspondence between SSC\_MAP and channel allocation scheme of a MAP cycle in OFDMA mode. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and a corresponding channel allocation scheme. The top part shows the MAP frame structure with fields: MAP\_ID, AU\_NUM, MAP\_LENGTH, SSC\_MAP, Padding, HM\_STATE, RSVD, CRC, and MAP frame. The SSC\_MAP is expanded to show Allocation Units (AUs) with their types and functions. The bottom part shows a 2D grid representing the channel allocation scheme over time (t/OFDM symbol) and frequency (128 MHz). The grid is divided into Downstream and Upstream periods. The legend identifies various allocation types: Broadcast, HM1, HM2, HM3, HM4, Multicast, Idle, PG(0x43), and R\_IFG. The diagram also shows the positions of the MAP frame, R\_IFG, and R frame within the cycle. + +**Figure 17 – Example of correspondence between SSC\_MAP and channel allocation scheme of a MAP cycle in OFDMA mode** + +Figure 17 illustrates an example of SSC\_MAP encoding in the MAP frame on one channel and its corresponding channel allocation of the MAP cycle in OFDMA mode. In the SSC\_MAP, each SSC consists of 256 sub-carriers, which means that each OFDM symbol includes 8 SSCs. Similarly in this example, in the SSC\_MAP, the channel is allocated from the 3rd OFDM symbol of the MAP cycle, and each AU sequentially indicates the allocation scheme for each SSC excluding the SSCs used for MAP frame, R frame and the last reverse interval within the MAP cycle. Distinct from the illustration in Figure 16, in the OFDMA mode, the SSCs of the same OFDM symbol can be allocated to multiple HMs. + +As shown in the figure, first, it is the downlink transmission period: + +- The 8 SSCs after the MAP frame (corresponding to the 3rd OFDM symbol of the MAP cycle) are used for transmitting broadcast data frames. + +- The next 10 SSCs (corresponding to the 4th symbol and the first two low-frequency SSCs of the 5th symbol) are allocated for downlink unicast data frame transmission to HM1. +- The following 6 SSCs (corresponding to the remaining SSCs of the 5th symbol) are for downlink unicast data frame transmission to HM2. +- The next 9 SSCs (corresponding to the 6th symbol and the first low-frequency SSC of the 7th symbol) are for downlink data frame transmission to HM3. +- The following 2 SSCs (corresponding to the 2nd and 3rd SSCs of the 7th symbol) are idle. +- The next 5 SSCs (corresponding to the remaining 5 SSCs of the 7th symbol) are allocated to the profile group with PGID of 0x43 for transmitting downlink unicast data frames to one or more HMs belonging to the profile group. +- The next 8 SSCs (corresponding to the 8th symbol) are for downlink data frame transmission to HM2 again. +- The next 8 SSCs (corresponding to the 9th symbol) are for transmitting multicast data frames, and so on. + +Following the downlink transmission period, there is a reverse interval with a length of one OFDM symbol, located at the OFDM symbol that contains the 384th SSC of this MAP cycle (corresponding to the 48th symbol of the MAP cycle). + +Then comes the uplink transmission period: + +- The first 12 SSCs (corresponding to the first uplink symbol and the first 4 low-frequency SSCs of the 2nd uplink symbol) are allocated to HM1 for uplink unicast data frame transmission. +- The following 16 SSCs (from the last 4 high-frequency SSCs of the 2nd uplink symbol to the first 4 low-frequency SSCs of the 4th uplink symbol) are allocated to HM2 for uplink data frame transmission. +- The final 8 SSCs before the R frame (equivalent to one symbol) are allocated to HM4 for uplink data frame transmission, and so on. + +Each HM is required to get the channel allocation scheme of the next MAP cycle from the received MAP frames on each channel it is admitted. When the MAP cycle arrives, HB and each HM are required to transmit data according to the channel allocation scheme in the MAP frame on each channel. + +When a new HM's node admission is complete, the HB is required to set the corresponding bit to 1 in the HM\_STATE field. If the HB does not receive the R frames from one HM in the continuous $N_{NO\_R}$ MAP cycles on any one of the channels it is admitted, the HB is required to delete the HM from the network and not to allocate any channel resource to it. If an HM does not receive its HM\_STATE indication in the MAP frame transmitted by the HB for the time duration of $T_{KA}$ on a certain channel, it is required to consider itself as being deleted from the channel by the HB. Then, the HM can only rejoin the channel through the node admission process. + +### 9.1.4 Channel bonding + +In the frequency domain, HiNoC 3.0 divides the spectrum into 128 MHz segments, and each continuous 128 MHz segment is defined as a channel. Both HiNoC 3.0-compliant HB and HM are required to support channel bonding and can work on multiple channels at the same time. Channel bonding is defined as a mechanism used by HB and HMs to transmit upper-layer service flows (i.e., EMAC frames) over multiple channels to increase the overall transmission rate of the HiNoC system. + +HiNoC 3.0 defines two types of identifiers for each HM. One type is the system-unique HM identifier known as Device ID, and the other type is the unique identifier associated with each channel it operates on, known as Node ID. For instance, if an HM operates on $n$ bonded channels, there will be $n$ Node IDs, each corresponding to a single channel, and one Device ID for this HM. There is a + +correspondence between the n Node IDs and the Device ID since they belong to the same HM. Each HM's Device ID and Node IDs on each channel are assigned by HB during the node admission process, as detailed in clause 9.2. Similarly for HB, the Device ID and Node IDs on each channel are also defined, with the values all set to 0 by default. + +HiNoC 3.0 is required to support a maximum of eight channels for bonding. Figure 18 shows an example of channel bonding. In this scenario, the HB works on channel 0 (CH0) to channel 7 (CH7), a total of 8 channels, and each HM node works on multiple channels. For instance, HM1 works on CH4, CH5 and CH7; HM2 works on CH4 and CH6; HM3 works on CH0, CH1, CH2 and CH3, and so on. This enables HB and each HM node to utilize the multiple channels they have joined to transmit upper-layer service flows concurrently, resulting in higher transmission rate compared to using a single channel. + +![Diagram illustrating channel bonding. A central 'HB' (Headend) node is connected to eight 'Coax channel' boxes labeled CH0 through CH7. These channels are then connected to multiple 'HM' (Home) nodes labeled HM1, HM2, HM3, ..., HMn. HM1 is connected to CH4, CH5, and CH7. HM2 is connected to CH4 and CH6. HM3 is connected to CH0, CH1, CH2, and CH3. HMn is connected to CH0, CH1, CH2, and CH3. The diagram shows the mapping of channels to nodes for data transmission.](b235edb1dbe659e2782c9a0e47775ca4_img.jpg) + +J.198.3(24) + +Diagram illustrating channel bonding. A central 'HB' (Headend) node is connected to eight 'Coax channel' boxes labeled CH0 through CH7. These channels are then connected to multiple 'HM' (Home) nodes labeled HM1, HM2, HM3, ..., HMn. HM1 is connected to CH4, CH5, and CH7. HM2 is connected to CH4 and CH6. HM3 is connected to CH0, CH1, CH2, and CH3. HMn is connected to CH0, CH1, CH2, and CH3. The diagram shows the mapping of channels to nodes for data transmission. + +**Figure 18 – Example of channel bonding** + +For the three data transmission modes of unicast, multicast, and broadcast, the operations of channel bonding are different, as specified below. + +#### a) Channel bonding for unicast transmission + +By utilizing channel bonding for transmitting unicast service flows, HiMAC3.0 unicast data frames that are destined for the same HiNoC node (with the same Device ID) and have the same priority can be transmitted over one or multiple channels. + +The framing method of unicast data frame is required to conform to clause 8.4. To support channel bonding, each unicast data frame is required to inherently contain an EISF including its frame sequence number information in the frame structure, thereby allowing the receiving nodes to reconstruct the unicast service flow sequentially from multiple channels. For HiMAC3.0 unicast data frames that are transmitted to the same HiNoC node and have the same priority, their frame sequence numbers are required to remain continuous (looping back to 0 when reaching the maximum value). For HiMAC3.0 unicast data frames sent to different nodes or with different priorities, the frame sequence numbers are independent of each other. + +The sending node should send HiMAC3.0 unicast data frames within the corresponding transmission window according to the channel allocation schemes of the MAP cycle on each working channel. After receiving the HiMAC3.0 unicast data frames destined for the receiving node from various working channels, it should reconstruct the carried unicast service flow according to the priority and frame sequence number information. + +Figure 19 shows an example of channel bonding for unicast data transmission. Both HM1 and HM2 operate simultaneously on channel 1 (CH1) and channel 2 (CH2), and HB uses these two channels to transmit downlink unicast data frames to them. For instance, two HiMAC3.0 unicast data frames destined for HM1 and having the same priority have frame sequence numbers $i$ and $i+1$ . These two unicast data frames are transmitted separately on CH1 and CH2 by HB. HM1 receives the data frames from both channels and reconstructs the upper-layer EMAC frames based on their frame sequence numbers. Similarly, HM2 receives unicast data frames with frame sequence numbers $j$ and $j+1$ on both CH1 and CH2 and reconstructs them accordingly. + +![Diagram of channel bonding for unicast transmission showing HB connected to CH1 and CH2, which then connect to HM1 and HM2. CH1 carries frames j and i. CH2 carries frames j+1 and i+1. Legend indicates horizontal lines for HM1 frames and diagonal lines for HM2 frames.](2bacc162a73d75c43a7f90715832bd13_img.jpg) + +Detailed Description: The diagram illustrates the flow of data from a Hub (HB) through two channels (CH1 and CH2) to two Host Modules (HM1 and HM2). HB is on the left, connected by diverging lines to CH1 (top) and CH2 (bottom). On CH1, there are two data frames: frame 'j' (shaded with diagonal lines) and frame 'i' (shaded with horizontal lines). On CH2, there are two data frames: frame 'j+1' (diagonal lines) and frame 'i+1' (horizontal lines). Converging lines from CH1 and CH2 lead to both HM1 and HM2 on the right. A legend at the bottom specifies: horizontal lines represent 'Unicast frames sent to HM1' and diagonal lines represent 'Unicast frames sent to HM2'. The label 'J.198.3(24)' is in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram of channel bonding for unicast transmission showing HB connected to CH1 and CH2, which then connect to HM1 and HM2. CH1 carries frames j and i. CH2 carries frames j+1 and i+1. Legend indicates horizontal lines for HM1 frames and diagonal lines for HM2 frames. + +**Figure 19 – Example of channel bonding for unicast transmission** + +#### b) Channel bonding for multicast transmission + +HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames with the same multicast EMAC address and the same priority belong to the same multicast group. Using channel bonding to transmit multicast services refers to scheduling HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames destined for the same multicast group to be transmitted over a single or multiple channels. It is required to use the broadcast modulation profile for each multicast data frame to be transmitted on each channel to ensure that the multicast frames can be correctly received by each receiving member. + +Two modes are specified for multicast transmission using channel bonding: simple mode and complex mode. + +In the simple mode of channel bonding for multicast transmission, HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames destined for the same receiving members of the same multicast group can only be scheduled for transmission on the same channel. The simple mode emphasizes that the HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames destined for the same receiving members of the same multicast group should be transmitted sequentially on the same channel. The purpose is to allow the multicast receiving members to sequentially receive all the multicast data frames intended for their multicast group from a single channel. Each receiving member of a multicast group may operate on different working channels. In such case, multicast data frames destined for the same multicast group will be duplicated and transmitted over multiple channels. The receiving members on different channels vary to ensure that multicast frames are received by all members of that multicast group without redundancy. + +In the simple mode, the framing method of multicast data frames is required to conform to clause 8.4. The HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame is required to inherently contain the EISF in the frame structure and the EISF should include the list of multicast frame receiving members on the channel to which the frame is intended to be transmitted. + +Figure 20 shows an example of channel bonding for multicast transmission in simple mode. Nodes HM1 and HM2 operate on channel 1 (CH1) and channel 2 (CH2) respectively, while HM3 and HM4 operate concurrently on CH1 and CH2. HM1, HM2, and HM3 have joined multicast group 1, while HM2, HM3, and HM4 have joined multicast group 2. + +In the designated multicast frame transmission slot, HB sends multicast frames for multicast group 1 on CH1 and CH2 respectively. The receiving members of multicast frames transmitted on CH1 are + +HM1 and HM3, while on CH2 the receiving member is HM2. Except for the differing receiving members, the multicast frames for multicast group 1 transmitted on both channels are identical. HB sends multicast data frames for multicast group 2 to HM2, HM3 and HM4 on CH2. Each HM node receives all the multicast frames for the same multicast group from a designated channel and reconstructs the corresponding multicast service flow. Therefore, HM1 and HM3 receive the multicast service flow for multicast group 1 from CH1, and HM2 receives the multicast service flow for multicast group 1 from CH2. HM2, HM3, and HM4 all receive the multicast service flow for multicast group 2 from CH2. + +![Diagram illustrating channel bonding for multicast transmission in simple mode. A Host Bridge (HB) is connected to two channels, CH1 and CH2. CH1 has a shaded block representing multicast frames for group 1 (receiving members HM1, HM3). CH2 has two shaded blocks: one for multicast frames for group 1 (receiving member HM2) and another for multicast frames for group 2 (receiving members HM2, HM3, HM4). The receiving members are connected to the channels as follows: HM1 to CH1, HM2 to CH2, HM3 to both CH1 and CH2, and HM4 to CH2.](5414f65867392f05ba0063b208eeb5e1_img.jpg) + +Legend: + +- Multicast frames sent to multicast group 1 (Receiving members: HM1, HM3) +- Multicast frames sent to multicast group 1 (Receiving members: HM2) +- Multicast frames sent to multicast group 2 (Receiving members: HM2, HM3, HM4) + +J.198.3(24) + +Diagram illustrating channel bonding for multicast transmission in simple mode. A Host Bridge (HB) is connected to two channels, CH1 and CH2. CH1 has a shaded block representing multicast frames for group 1 (receiving members HM1, HM3). CH2 has two shaded blocks: one for multicast frames for group 1 (receiving member HM2) and another for multicast frames for group 2 (receiving members HM2, HM3, HM4). The receiving members are connected to the channels as follows: HM1 to CH1, HM2 to CH2, HM3 to both CH1 and CH2, and HM4 to CH2. + +**Figure 20 – Example of channel bonding for multicast transmission in simple mode** + +In the complex mode of channel bonding for multicast transmission, HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames destined for the same receiving members of the same multicast group can be scheduled for transmission over two or more channels. In this mode, the HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames destined for a certain receiving member of a multicast group can be partially transmitted on one channel and partially transmitted on the other channel. In this situation, a multicast receiving node should use multiple channels to receive all the multicast data frames destined for the multicast group to which it belongs. + +In the complex mode, the framing method of multicast data frames is required to conform to clause 8.4. The HiMAC3.0 multicast data frame is required to inherently contain the EISF in the frame structure and the EISF should include the multicast group ID, the multicast data frame sequence number, and the list of multicast receiving members on the channel to which the frame is intended to be transmitted. + +Figure 21 shows an example of channel bonding for multicast transmission in complex mode. Nodes HM1 to HM4 work on channel 1 (CH1) and channel 2 (CH2). HM1 and HM2 have joined multicast group 1, and HM2, HM3 and HM4 have joined multicast group 2. In the designated multicast frame transmission slot, HB sends multicast data frames of multicast group 1 with frame sequence number $i$ to $i+3$ to HM1 and HM2, and sends multicast data frames of multicast group 2 with frame sequence number $j$ to $j+1$ to HM2, HM3 and HM4 on CH1 and CH2. Each multicast frame contains the multicast group ID, the multicast frame sequence number, and the receiving member list. HM1 and HM2 respectively receive the multicast frames of multicast group 1 from the two channels and combine them in sequence to reconstruct the multicast service flow. Similarly, HM2, HM3 and HM4 receive the multicast frames of multicast group 2 from the two channels and combine them in sequence to reconstruct the multicast service flow. + +![Figure 21: Example of channel bonding for multicast transmission in complex mode. The diagram shows a Host Bridge (HB) connected to two channels, CH1 and CH2. CH1 has a transmission window with frames labeled j, i+2, and i. CH2 has a transmission window with frames labeled j+1, i+3, and i+1. Four Host Modules (HM1, HM2, HM3, HM4) are connected to the channels. HM1 and HM2 are connected to CH1. HM2, HM3, and HM4 are connected to CH2. A legend indicates that frames with horizontal lines represent multicast group 1 (receiving members HM1, HM2) and frames with diagonal lines represent multicast group 2 (receiving members HM2, HM3, HM4). The reference J.198.3(24) is shown in the bottom right.](c494cd874a082a97b50b3c4d3938f467_img.jpg) + +Figure 21: Example of channel bonding for multicast transmission in complex mode. The diagram shows a Host Bridge (HB) connected to two channels, CH1 and CH2. CH1 has a transmission window with frames labeled j, i+2, and i. CH2 has a transmission window with frames labeled j+1, i+3, and i+1. Four Host Modules (HM1, HM2, HM3, HM4) are connected to the channels. HM1 and HM2 are connected to CH1. HM2, HM3, and HM4 are connected to CH2. A legend indicates that frames with horizontal lines represent multicast group 1 (receiving members HM1, HM2) and frames with diagonal lines represent multicast group 2 (receiving members HM2, HM3, HM4). The reference J.198.3(24) is shown in the bottom right. + +**Figure 21 – Example of channel bonding for multicast transmission in complex mode** + +HB is required to send HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames in the corresponding transmission window according to channel allocation scheme of the MAP cycle on each working channel. Each HM node receives multicast frames in multicast frame transmission window on their respective channels, and checks the list of receiving members in the multicast frames. If there's a match, the HM then reconstructs the multicast service flow. In complex mode, HM can receive HiMAC3.0 multicast data frames of its multicast group from multiple channels and reconstruct each multicast EMAC frame according to the multicast frame sequence number. + +HiNoC 3.0 is required to support simple mode, and can optionally support complex mode. If the system supports both modes, only one mode can be selected as the system working mode. The multicast transmission capability announcement and mode selection between HB and HMs are realized through the interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process. + +#### c) Channel bonding for broadcast transmission + +Utilizing channel bonding for broadcasting transmission refers to that HB duplicates each HiMAC3.0 broadcast data frame to each channel for broadcast transmission, which is, the HiMAC3.0 broadcast data frames transmitted on each channel are identical. Each HM can receive all the HiMAC3.0 broadcast data frames on any channel it operates on. + +Figure 22 shows an example of channel bonding for broadcast transmission. Nodes HM1 and HM3 work on channel 1 (CH1) and channel 2 (CH2) respectively, while HM2 works on CH1 and CH2 simultaneously. In the specified broadcast transmission, HB sends the same broadcast data frames on CH1 and CH2. HM2 receives broadcast frames from either of CH1 and CH2, while HM1 and HM3 receive broadcast frames from CH1 and CH2 respectively because they only join one channel. + +![Figure 22: Example of channel bonding for broadcast transmission. The diagram shows a Host Bridge (HB) connected to two channels, CH1 and CH2. Both channels have a transmission window with identical broadcast frames. HM1 is connected to CH1. HM2 is connected to both CH1 and CH2. HM3 is connected to CH2. A legend indicates that frames with diagonal lines represent broadcast frames. The reference J.198.3(24) is shown in the bottom right.](fc0735d325f0ebd9214171975c68a888_img.jpg) + +Figure 22: Example of channel bonding for broadcast transmission. The diagram shows a Host Bridge (HB) connected to two channels, CH1 and CH2. Both channels have a transmission window with identical broadcast frames. HM1 is connected to CH1. HM2 is connected to both CH1 and CH2. HM3 is connected to CH2. A legend indicates that frames with diagonal lines represent broadcast frames. The reference J.198.3(24) is shown in the bottom right. + +**Figure 22 – Example of channel bonding for broadcast transmission** + +### **9.1.5 Profile group transmission mechanism** + +In HiNoC 3.0, HB supports setting multiple HM nodes with similar downlink channel conditions on the same channel as a group, and generating a unified downlink modulation profile for the group. This group is defined as a profile group (PG), where its modulation profile is a list of modulation + +modes for each OFDM sub-carrier. In the HiNoC 3.0 system, up to 8 profile groups can be established on one channel, identified by the Profile Group ID (PGID). Its value range is defined as 0x41 ~ 0x48. + +In HiNoC3.0, profile group transmission mechanism is defined as: when planning and allocating channel for downlink transmission, the HB proactively plans transmission opportunities for a specific profile group or groups. Subsequently, within each profile group's transmission window, the HB sends downlink unicast data frames to one or more HM nodes in that group, utilizing the modulation profile designated for that group. The purpose of profile group transmission is to further reduce the transmission latency of downlink unicast services. + +During the node admission process on each channel, the HB divides HM nodes into profile groups and generates the corresponding modulation profiles. When an HM is in the node admission process on a channel, the HB classifies it into a profile group (either a new group or an existing one) based on its downlink channel training information. Subsequently, the HB generates a new modulation profile for this profile group according to all HMs' downlink channel information within this profile group. This modulation profile, Profile Group ID (PGID) and the members of this profile group are broadcasted via a downlink signalling frame. Since channel conditions can vary over time, the HB can adjust the profile groups through the link maintenance process on each channel. This includes updating the modulation profiles and/or members of profile groups, and reorganizing HM nodes to form new profile groups and generating the corresponding new modulation profiles. The information of adjusted profile groups are broadcasted through downlink signalling frames. The detailed operations are specified in clauses 9.2 and 9.3. + +In HiNoC3.0, the profile group transmission mechanism is implemented through the MAP frame, specifically using the channel allocation unit AU in the MAP frame to allocate SSC resources for profile groups. On a certain channel, HB uses the MAP frame to plan and allocate several SSCs in the downlink transmission period of the next MAP cycle for a specific profile group (or groups). To do this, the SSC\_MAP field in the MAP frame is required to contain the AU for the profile group, in which the value of AU\_TYPE field should be the PGID of the profile group, and the FUNCTION field should indicate the number of allocated SSCs, as detailed in clause 9.1.3. When the MAP cycle arrives, HB can use the SSCs of the profile group to send downlink unicast data frames to one (or more) HM nodes that belong to this profile group. At this moment the NODE\_ID which is the destination address in each downlink data frame is required to be HM's Node ID on this channel, and the modulation profile of each data frame is required to be the modulation profile of the profile group, so as to ensure that the data frame can be correctly received by the corresponding HM node. + +An example of profile group transmission in TDMA mode is illustrated in Figure 23. The profile group with PGID of 0x41 comprises four members, HM1 ~ HM4. In the MAP frame of the (n-1)th MAP cycle, 4 SSCs (1 SSC corresponds to 1 OFDM symbol) are assigned to this profile group by the first AU of the SSC\_MAP. Before the arrival of the nth MAP cycle, downstream data destined for HM1, HM2 and HM4 respectively arrives at HB. When the nth MAP cycle arrives, HB can use the SSCs assigned to the profile group to send downlink unicast data frames. In the figure, 1, 2 and 1 OFDM symbols are used to send unicast data frames to HM1, HM2 and HM4, respectively. The modulation profile of the profile group is used for each data frames to ensure that each data frame can be correctly received by the members of this group, i.e., HM1, HM2 and HM4. Since SSC resources are planned in advance for the profile group, the downlink transmission delay is reduced. + +![Figure 23: An example of profile group transmission. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and its transmission over time. The MAP frame header includes fields: MAP_ID, AU_NUM, MAP_LENGTH, SSC_MAP, Padding, HM_STATE, RSVD, and CRC. The SSC_MAP field contains a table with AU_TYPE and FUNCTION for multiple profile groups (e.g., PGI 0x41, HM5). Below the frame structure, a timeline shows the (n-1)th and nth MAP cycles. The nth cycle is divided into Downstream and Upstream phases. The Downstream phase includes slots for R_IFG, MAP, HM1, HM2, HM4, HM5, and another R_IFG. The Upstream phase includes slots for R_IFG, R, and R_IFG. A callout shows the 'downstream data arrives at HB' with slots HM1, HM2, and HM4. The horizontal axis is labeled 't/OFDM symbol'.](08dce7ad4c512fdf0c0cde60415fade6_img.jpg) + +J.198.3(24) + +Figure 23: An example of profile group transmission. The diagram shows the structure of a MAP frame and its transmission over time. The MAP frame header includes fields: MAP\_ID, AU\_NUM, MAP\_LENGTH, SSC\_MAP, Padding, HM\_STATE, RSVD, and CRC. The SSC\_MAP field contains a table with AU\_TYPE and FUNCTION for multiple profile groups (e.g., PGI 0x41, HM5). Below the frame structure, a timeline shows the (n-1)th and nth MAP cycles. The nth cycle is divided into Downstream and Upstream phases. The Downstream phase includes slots for R\_IFG, MAP, HM1, HM2, HM4, HM5, and another R\_IFG. The Upstream phase includes slots for R\_IFG, R, and R\_IFG. A callout shows the 'downstream data arrives at HB' with slots HM1, HM2, and HM4. The horizontal axis is labeled 't/OFDM symbol'. + +**Figure 23 – An example of profile group transmission** + +## 9.2 Node admission + +### 9.2.1 Overview + +Node admission is the process in which a new HiNoC modem (NHM) joins an existing HiNoC 3.0 system through the interaction of signalling frames with HB after power-on initialization (or reset). + +For HiNoC 3.0 channel, the node admission process is specified as below. For HiNoC2.0+ channel, the node admission process is required to conform to clause 9.2 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. + +- a) Correspondence between MAC layer signalling frames and PHY layer Pd/Pu frames + +The MAC layer signalling frames are carried by PHY layer Pd/Pu frames. The correspondence between them and the temporal relation of Pd/Pu frame slots are shown in Figure 24. The characteristics are as follows: + +- 1) One Pd cycle is required to contain 1 Pd frame slot and 9 Pu frame slots. +- 2) The position of the Pd/Pu frame slots are fixed. Wherein, Pu frame slots are accommodated continuously, and the start time of the fifth Pu frame slot is at the middle of the Pd cycle, i.e., 32768 $\mu$ s to the start time of the current Pd cycle. +- 3) The Pd slots are required to be used for transmitting downlink signalling frames. +- 4) In the Pu slots, the fifth slot is required to be used by HM for transmitting uplink signalling frames. The remaining eight Pu slots are required to be used by HM for uplink training and can optionally be used for transmitting uplink signalling frames. The default option is not to transmit any uplink signalling frames. + +![Figure 24: Timing diagram showing the relationship between MAC layer signalling frames and PHY layer Pd/Pu frame slots. The vertical axis is frequency (f) and the horizontal axis is time (t). A 'Downlink signalling frame' (Pd) is shown at the beginning and end. Between them, several 'Pu' slots are shown, labeled Pu#1, Pu#5, and Pu#9. A vertical bar labeled 'Uplink signalling frame' is positioned between Pu#1 and Pu#5. Two horizontal double-headed arrows indicate time intervals: 32768 μs from the start of the first Pd frame to the start of the Uplink signalling frame, and 'Pd cycle (65536 μs)' from the start of the first Pd frame to the start of the second Pd frame. The reference 'J.198.3(24)' is noted at the bottom right.](7ae836e598020d937ed1478c2ef13025_img.jpg) + +Figure 24: Timing diagram showing the relationship between MAC layer signalling frames and PHY layer Pd/Pu frame slots. The vertical axis is frequency (f) and the horizontal axis is time (t). A 'Downlink signalling frame' (Pd) is shown at the beginning and end. Between them, several 'Pu' slots are shown, labeled Pu#1, Pu#5, and Pu#9. A vertical bar labeled 'Uplink signalling frame' is positioned between Pu#1 and Pu#5. Two horizontal double-headed arrows indicate time intervals: 32768 μs from the start of the first Pd frame to the start of the Uplink signalling frame, and 'Pd cycle (65536 μs)' from the start of the first Pd frame to the start of the second Pd frame. The reference 'J.198.3(24)' is noted at the bottom right. + +**Figure 24 –The relation between MAC layer signalling frames and PHY layer Pd/Pu frame slots** + +#### b) Node admission process + +HiNoC 3.0 support channel bonding mechanism that the HB and HMs can work on multiple channels at the same time. For each HM, both the Device ID and each Node ID for each working channel are allocated by HB during the node admission process. + +When an HM works on multiple channels, it is required that the HM performs node admission process separately on each channel. Firstly, the HM is required to choose a channel as the first channel and to start node admission on this channel to obtain Device ID and the Node ID corresponding to this channel from HB. Then, the HM is required to use the Device ID to perform node admission on the other channels. The procedure of node admission on each channel is basically the same except for getting the Device ID on the first channel. + +For each channel, the interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process is shown in Figure 25. The process consists of six steps as follows: + +- 1) Step 1: Network searching, downlink power control and downlink training. +- 2) Step 2: Interaction of ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK frames. +- 3) Step 3: Interaction of DLINK\_REPORT. +- 4) Step 4: Uplink power control, uplink training and ranging. +- 5) Step 5: Interaction of ULINK\_REPORT. +- 6) Step 6: CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE transmission. + +The HB can perform ranging and power control with the HM/NHM through the node admission and/or link maintenance process; the detailed procedure is defined in clauses 9.5 and 9.6. + +![Sequence diagrams showing the interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process for 'The first channel' and 'One of the other channels'. The diagrams show messages between NHM and HB entities through several steps, leading to a steady state.](f9c64800d9bace9b4315646d1057be3c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the interaction of signalling frames between an NHM (Node Host Manager) and an HB (Host Bridge) entity across two channels: 'The first channel' and 'One of the other channels'. + +**The first channel sequence:** + +- Step 1:** NHM sends **EMPTY(0, 0)** to HB. HB responds with **EMPTY(0, 0)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 2. +- Step 2:** NHM sends **ADM\_REQ(0)** to HB. HB responds with **ADM\_RES(m, n1)**, then **ADM\_ACK**, and then **EMPTY(0/1, 1)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 3. +- Step 3:** NHM sends **DLINK\_REPORT fragment 1** to HB. HB responds with **ACK(1)**. Then **DLINK\_REPORT fragment n** is sent, followed by **ACK(n)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 4. +- Step 4:** NHM sends **EMPTY** to HB. HB responds with **POWER\_CTRL**, then **EMPTY**, and then **EMPTY(0/1, 1)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 5. +- Step 5:** NHM sends **ULINK\_REPORT fragment 1** to HB. HB responds with **ACK(1)**. Then **ULINK\_REPORT fragment n** is sent, followed by **ACK(n)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 6. +- Step 6:** NHM sends **CMP\_REPORT fragment 1** to HB. HB responds with **CMP\_REPORT fragment n**. These are **Transmitted cyclically for N02 times**. Then **LINK\_UPDATE** is sent, which is **Transmitted continuously for N02 times**. A dashed line separates this from the steady state. +- Steady state (state 9):** Normal communication. + +**One of the other channels sequence:** + +- Step 1:** NHM sends **EMPTY(0, 0)** to HB. HB responds with **EMPTY(0, 0)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 2. +- Step 2:** NHM sends **ADM\_REQ(m)** to HB. HB responds with **ADM\_RES(m, n2)**, then **ADM\_ACK**, and then **EMPTY(0/1, 1)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 3. +- Step 3:** NHM sends **DLINK\_REPORT fragment 1** to HB. HB responds with **ACK(1)**. Then **DLINK\_REPORT fragment n** is sent, followed by **ACK(n)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 4. +- Step 4:** NHM sends **EMPTY** to HB. HB responds with **POWER\_CTRL**, then **EMPTY**, and then **EMPTY(0/1, 1)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 5. +- Step 5:** NHM sends **ULINK\_REPORT fragment 1** to HB. HB responds with **ACK(1)**. Then **ULINK\_REPORT fragment n** is sent, followed by **ACK(n)**. A dashed line separates this from Step 6. +- Step 6:** NHM sends **CMP\_REPORT fragment 1** to HB. HB responds with **CMP\_REPORT fragment n**. These are **Transmitted cyclically for N02 times**. Then **LINK\_UPDATE** is sent, which is **Transmitted continuously for N02 times**. A dashed line separates this from the steady state. +- Steady state (state 9):** Normal communication. + +J.198.3(24) + +Sequence diagrams showing the interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process for 'The first channel' and 'One of the other channels'. The diagrams show messages between NHM and HB entities through several steps, leading to a steady state. + +**Figure 25 – Interaction of signalling frames in the node admission process** + +The parameters $x$ and $y$ of $\text{EMPTY}(x, y)$ in Figure 25 are defined as follows: $x$ represents the value of the $\text{ADM\_FLAG}$ field in the header of the downlink $\text{EMPTY}$ frame, and $y$ represents the value of the $\text{HINOC\_STATE}$ field in the header of the downlink $\text{EMPTY}$ frame. The "0/1" in $\text{EMPTY}(0/1, 1)$ indicates that the value of the $\text{ADM\_FLAG}$ field is required to be set to "1" or "0" by the HB, based on whether the current network allows the admission of a new node or not. + +The parameter $n$ of $\text{ACK}(n)$ represents the value of the $\text{ACK\_SN}$ field in the uplink/downlink $\text{ACK}$ frame. + +The parameter $x$ of $\text{ADM\_REQ}(x)$ represents the value of the Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV. + +The parameters $x$ and $y$ of $\text{ADM\_RES}(x, y)$ are defined as follows: $x$ represents the value of the Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV, and $y$ represents the value of the $\text{ASSIGNED\_HM\_NODE\_ID}$ field. + +Node admission process includes ten relative states presented as follows: + +- 1) State 0 (S0): network searching +- 2) State 1 (S1): downlink power control and downlink training +- 3) State 2 (S2): $\text{ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES}$ frames interaction +- 4) State 3 (S3): $\text{ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK}$ frames interaction +- 5) State 4 (S4): $\text{DLINK\_REPORT}$ fragments interaction +- 6) State 5 (S5): uplink power control +- 7) State 6 (S6): uplink training and ranging +- 8) State 7 (S7): $\text{ULINK\_REPORT}$ fragments interaction +- 9) State 8 (S8): $\text{CMP\_REPORT}$ and $\text{LINK\_UPDATE}$ frames transmission +- 10) State 9 (S9): steady state. + +An example of a normal state transition diagram in the node admission process of the HB and the NHM on each channel is shown in Figures 26 and 27, respectively. After the node admission process has finished, both the NHM and HB are required to advance to steady state (state 9) and begin to transmit and receive data normally. + +In the node admission process, the HB/NHM can optionally start the node quitting/deletion process, as specified in clause 9.4, to terminate node admission. + +The constants referred to in this clause 9.2, for example, $\text{TL1}$ , are defined in Table B.3. + +![Figure 26: State transition diagram for HB node admission process. States S0 to S9 are shown. Transitions include: S0 to S1 (Finish network searching/EMPTY(0, 0)), S1 to S2 (ADM_REQ/ADM_RES), S2 to S3 (ADM_ACK/EMPTY(0/1, 1)), S3 to S4 (First DLINK_REPORT fragment/ACK), S4 to S5 (Last DLINK_REPORT fragment/ACK), S5 to S6 (Finish uplink power control/EMPTY(0/1, 1)), S6 to S7 (Finish uplink channel training and ranging/First ULINK_REPORT fragment), S7 to S8 (Last ACK/First CMP_REPORT fragment), S8 to S9 (Send all the CMP_REPORT fragments, send LINK_UPDATE N02 times), and S9 to S2 (ADM_REQ/ADM_RES). Reference J.198.3(24) is at the bottom right.](f57c7b37d7a05a99618104f390089f03_img.jpg) + +Figure 26: State transition diagram for HB node admission process. States S0 to S9 are shown. Transitions include: S0 to S1 (Finish network searching/EMPTY(0, 0)), S1 to S2 (ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES), S2 to S3 (ADM\_ACK/EMPTY(0/1, 1)), S3 to S4 (First DLINK\_REPORT fragment/ACK), S4 to S5 (Last DLINK\_REPORT fragment/ACK), S5 to S6 (Finish uplink power control/EMPTY(0/1, 1)), S6 to S7 (Finish uplink channel training and ranging/First ULINK\_REPORT fragment), S7 to S8 (Last ACK/First CMP\_REPORT fragment), S8 to S9 (Send all the CMP\_REPORT fragments, send LINK\_UPDATE N02 times), and S9 to S2 (ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES). Reference J.198.3(24) is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 26 – An example of normal state transition diagram in node admission process of HB on each channel** + +![Figure 27: State transition diagram for HM node admission process. States S0 to S9 are shown. Transitions include: S0 to S1 (Finish network searching), S1 to S2 (Finish downlink power control and downlink training/ADM_REQ), S2 to S3 (ADM_RES/ADM_ACK), S3 to S4 (EMPTY(0/1, 1)/First DLINK_REPORT fragment), S4 to S5 (Last ACK/EMPTY), S5 to S6 (Finish uplink power control and receive EMPTY(0/1, 1)/EMPTY), S6 to S7 (First ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK), S7 to S8 (Last ULINK_REPORT fragment/ACK), S8 to S9 (Receive all CMP_REPORT fragments and LINK_UPDATE), and S9 to S0 (REJ/REJ_ACK). Reference J.198.3(24) is at the bottom right.](145d00f59802048185303f15937ea65c_img.jpg) + +Figure 27: State transition diagram for HM node admission process. States S0 to S9 are shown. Transitions include: S0 to S1 (Finish network searching), S1 to S2 (Finish downlink power control and downlink training/ADM\_REQ), S2 to S3 (ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK), S3 to S4 (EMPTY(0/1, 1)/First DLINK\_REPORT fragment), S4 to S5 (Last ACK/EMPTY), S5 to S6 (Finish uplink power control and receive EMPTY(0/1, 1)/EMPTY), S6 to S7 (First ULINK\_REPORT fragment/ACK), S7 to S8 (Last ULINK\_REPORT fragment/ACK), S8 to S9 (Receive all CMP\_REPORT fragments and LINK\_UPDATE), and S9 to S0 (REJ/REJ\_ACK). Reference J.198.3(24) is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 27 – An example of normal state transition diagram in node admission process of HM on each channel** + +### 9.2.2 Step 1 + +Step 1 consists of two states: network searching (state 0), and downlink power control and downlink training (state 1). After power-on initialization (or reset), the HB and NHM are required to be in state 0 on each channel and network searching is required to be executed. After joining one channel, the NHM is required to execute downlink power control and downlink training by receiving downlink signalling frames on the current channel. + +In network searching state (state 0), the HB and NHM are required to search an available channel to build a network. + +Operations of the NHM: after powering up, the NHM is required to operate in the preset frequency, set the initial receive power gain to the maximum, and set timer TL1. + +- 1) If a downlink signalling frame with an error CRC checksum or no downlink signalling frame is received within a Pd cycle, the NHM is required to reduce receive power gain and wait to receive the downlink signalling frame in the next Pd cycle. +- 2) If a downlink signalling frame with a correct CRC checksum is received within a Pd cycle but indicates a mismatched network ID or no admission to the network, the NHM is required to switch to another frequency and reset timer TL1 to restart the network searching process. + +If there is no frequency available, the NHM is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. + +- 3) If a downlink signalling frame with a correct CRC checksum is received within a Pd cycle and indicates the network ID matched and new nodes admissible, the NHM is required to cancel timer TL1 and network searching is required to be completed. After that, the NHM is required to set timer TL2 and enter state 1 to conduct downlink power control and downlink training. +- 4) If timer TL1 expires, the NHM is required to switch to another frequency, reset timer TL1 and restart the network searching process. If there is no frequency available, the NHM is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. + +Operations of the HB: after powering up, the HB is required to operate in the preset frequency, set timer TL1, and then begin to monitor downlink signalling frames. + +- 1) If a downlink signalling frame is received, the HB is required to cancel timer TL1, switch to another frequency and reset timer TL1 to restart network searching. If there is no frequency available, the HB is required to terminate network searching and quit the node admission process. +- 2) If timer TL1 expires, which means that the channel is available, the HB is required to enter state 1 and transmit EMPTY(0, 0) frames on this channel periodically. + +After network searching is completed, the NHM/HB starts downlink power control and downlink training (state 1) on the current channel. + +Operations of the NHM: + +- a) The NHM is required to receive downlink signalling frames repeatedly to execute downlink power control, that is, to adjust the receive power gain accordingly. The maximum number of adjustments is N03: + - 1) If downlink power control is completed within N03 adjustments, the NHM continues to receive downlink signalling frames to execute downlink training. + - 2) If downlink power control is not completed after N03 adjustments, the NHM is required to terminate downlink power control and keep receiving downlink signalling frames to execute downlink training. +- b) When downlink power control and downlink training are completed and the HB is in admissible steady state (state 9), the NHM is required to cancel timer TL2, transmit the ADM\_REQ frame: if the current channel is the first one that the NHM was admitted, the Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is required to be set to 0, while if the current channel is not the first one for the NHM, the Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is required to be set to the value of the NHM's Device ID obtained on the first channel. Then the NHM is required to set timers TA1 and T01 and enter state 2. +- c) If timer TL2 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the node admission process. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) HB is required to transmit EMPTY(0, 0) frames repeatedly with the HINOC\_ID field indicating the network ID. +- b) If an ADM\_REQ frame is received, + - 1) If the value of Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is 0: + - If the NHM is admissible to the network, the HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame to assign a system unique Device ID and also a Node ID + +- corresponding to the current channel for the NHM, set timers TA1 and T01, and enter state 2. + - If it is not allowed to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection), quit the node admission process on the current channel, and then enter state 9. +- 2) If the value of Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is not 0: + - If the NHM is admissible to the network, the HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame to assign a Node ID corresponding to the current channel for the NHM, set timers TA1 and T01, and enter state 2. + - If it is not allowed to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection), quit the node admission process on the current channel, and then enter state 9. + +### 9.2.3 Step 2 + +The interaction of ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK frames is executed on the current channel in step 2. This step consists of two states: ADM\_REQ/ADM\_RES frames interaction (state 2) and ADM\_RES/ADM\_ACK frames interaction (state 3). + +Operations of the NHM: + +- a) After an ADM\_REQ frame is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 2. +- 1) If an ADM\_RES frame is received before timer T01 expires: + - If the NHM has not obtained a Device ID yet, the NHM is required to get the Device ID and the Node ID corresponding to the current channel from the ADM\_REQ frame, transmit an ADM\_ACK frame and enter state 3. + - If the NHM has obtained the Device ID, the NHM is required to get the Node ID corresponding to the current channel from the ADM\_REQ frame, transmit an ADM\_ACK frame and enter state 3. + - 2) If an REJ frame is received, the NHM is required to transmit an REJ\_ACK frame, cancel timer TA1 and T01, enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + - 3) If an EMPTY(0, 0) frame is received or timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to assume that a collision occurred to the ADM\_REQ frame and execute the truncated binary exponential backoff operation. The node is required to set the backoff number K, which represents the number of Pd cycles the NHM has to wait before retransmitting the ADM\_REQ frame. K is assigned a random integer value between 0 and $2^M - 1$ , where M is the number of times the ADM\_REQ frame has been transmitted before and the value of M is required to satisfy $0 < M < NA1$ . The NHM is required to reset timer TA1 every time after retransmitting the ADM\_REQ frame. Once the backoff process is finished, the NHM is required to retransmit the ADM\_REQ frame and retry the above operation 1). In the backoff process, if an ADM\_RES frame for the NHM is received, the NHM is required to transmit an ADM\_ACK frame and enter state 3; if a downlink signalling frame to admit/maintain another NHM/HM is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + - 4) If no ADM\_RES frame is received after the ADM\_REQ frame has been transmitted NA1 times, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + - 5) If an EMPTY(1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +- b) After an ADM\_ACK frame is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 3. + - 1) If an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame is received, the NHM is required to transmit a DLINK\_REPORT frame, set timer T01 and enter state 4. If this current working channel is the first channel for the NHM to be admitted, the NHM can start the node admission process on the other channels. + - 2) If an ADM\_RES frame is received, the NHM is required to transmit an ADM\_ACK frame. + - 3) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + - 4) In other cases, the NHM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. +- c) If timer TA1 expires in state 2 or state 3, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +#### Operations of the HB: + +- a) After an ADM\_RES frame is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 2. + - 1) If an ADM\_ACK frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 3. + - 2) If an ADM\_REQ frame is received before timer T01 expires: + - If the value of Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is 0: + - If the NHM is admissible to the network, the HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame to assign a system unique Device ID as well as a Node ID corresponding to the current channel for the NHM, and reset timer T01. + - If it is not allowed to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection), quit the node admission process on the current channel, and then enter state 9. + - If the value of Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is not 0: + - If the NHM is admissible to the network, the HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame to assign a Node ID corresponding to the current channel for the NHM, and reset timer T01. + - If it is not allowed to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection), quit the node admission process on the current channel, and then enter state 9. + - 3) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the ADM\_RES frame and reset timer T01. + - 4) If no ADM\_ACK frame is received after the ADM\_RES frame has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to quit the admission process on the current channel for this node, transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame, enter state 9 and quit the admission process. +- b) After an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 3. + - 1) If the first DLINK\_REPORT fragment from the NHM is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the ACK(1) frame, reset timers T01 and TA2, and then enter state 4. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01, and keep waiting for the first DLINK\_REPORT fragment. +- c) If timer TA1 expires in state 2 or 3, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.4 Step 3 + +The interaction of DLINK\_REPORT is executed on the current channel in step 3. This step consists of one state: DLINK\_REPORT fragments interaction (state 4). + +Operations of the NHM: after a DLINK\_REPORT fragment is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 4. + +- a) If an ACK(n) frame is received before timer T01 expires, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly, the NHM is required to transmit the DLINK\_REPORT fragment n+1 and reset timer T01. +- b) If the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame, reset timer T01, set timer TA3 and enter state 5. +- c) If timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to retransmit the DLINK\_REPORT fragment. The maximum number of DLINK\_REPORT fragment transmissions is N01. +- d) If the corresponding ACK frame is not received after the DLINK\_REPORT fragment has been transmitted N01 times, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- e) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- f) If timer TA1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +Operations of the HB: after an ACK(1) frame is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 4. + +- a) If a DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, regardless of whether the fragment is a correct fragment, an error fragment, or a retransmitted fragment, the HB is required to transmit an ACK(n) frame and reset timer T01, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly. +- b) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the ACK(n) frame and reset timer T01, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the HB has received correctly. +- c) If the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, HB is required to cancel timers TA1 and T01, transmit the corresponding ACK frame, set timers TA3 and T01 and enter state 5. +- d) If timer TA2 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA1 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.5 Step 4 + +Uplink power control, uplink training and ranging are executed on the current channel in step 4. This step consists of two states: uplink power control (state 5) and uplink training and ranging (state 6). + +Operations of the NHM: + +- a) When executing the uplink power control process, the NHM is required to be in state 5. + - 1) If a power control frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to adjust the transmit power gain, transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 6 to start uplink training and ranging. + +- 3) If an ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 4) If timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to continue to transmit the EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. +- b) When executing the uplink training and ranging process, the NHM is required to be in state 6. +- 1) If an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to transmit an EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If the first ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA3, transmit the ACK(1) frame, set timer TA4 and enter state 7. + - 3) If timer T01 expires, the NHM is required to continue to transmit the EMPTY frame and reset timer T01. +- c) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received in state 5 or 6, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- d) If timer TA3 expires in state 5 or 6, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA1 expires in state 5 or 6, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) When executing the uplink power control process, the HB is required to be in state 5. + +After the HB transmits the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment: + +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding power control frame and reset timer T01 to start uplink power control. +- 2) If the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding ACK frame and reset timer T01. +- 3) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the ACK frame for the last DLINK\_REPORT fragment and reset timer T01. + +After uplink power control begins, the HB is required to keep receiving the EMPTY frames and transmitting the corresponding power control frames. The maximum number of power control frame transmissions is N03. + +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit the corresponding power control frame and reset timer T01. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the power control frame and reset timer T01. The maximum number of power control frame transmissions is N01. If no EMPTY frame is received after the power control frame has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + - 3) If uplink power control is completed within N03 times, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 6 to start uplink training and ranging. + - 4) If uplink power control is not completed after N03 times, the HB is required to terminate the uplink power control process, transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame, reset timer T01 and enter state 6 to start uplink training and ranging. +- b) When executing uplink training and ranging process, HB is required to be in state 6. +- 1) If an EMPTY frame is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame and reset timer T01. + +- 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 1) frame and reset timer T01. + - 3) After uplink training and ranging is completed, the HB is required to cancel timer TA3, transmit the first ULINK\_REPORT fragment, set timer T01 and enter state 7. +- c) If timer TA3 expires in state 5 or 6, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + - d) If timer TA1 expires in state 5 or 6, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.6 Step 5 + +The ranging report transmission and interaction of the ULINK\_REPORT is executed on the current channel in step 5. This step consists of one state: ULINK\_REPORT fragments interaction (state 7). + +Operations of the NHM: after an ACK(1) frame is transmitted, the NHM is required to enter state 7. + +- a) If a ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received, regardless of whether the fragment is a correct fragment, an error fragment, or a retransmitted fragment, the NHM is required to transmit an ACK(n) frame, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the NHM has received correctly. +- b) If the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA4, transmit the corresponding ACK frame, set timer TC1 and enter state 8. +- c) In other cases, the NHM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. +- d) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA4 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- f) If timer TA1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. + +Operations of the HB: after a ULINK\_REPORT fragment is transmitted, the HB is required to enter state 7. + +- a) If an ACK(n) frame is received before timer T01 expires, where n is the maximum sequence number among all consecutive sequence numbers of the fragments that the NHM has received correctly, HB is required to transmit ULINK\_REPORT fragment n+1 and reset timer T01. +- b) If the ACK frame for the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to cancel timer T01, transmit the first CMP\_REPORT fragment and enter state 8. +- c) If timer T01 expires, HB is required to retransmit the ULINK\_REPORT fragment. The maximum number of ULINK\_REPORT fragment transmissions is N01. +- d) If the corresponding ACK frame is not received after the ULINK\_REPORT fragment has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. +- e) If timer TA1 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.7 Step 6 + +In step 6, the HB is required to advertise the new broadcast parameters and profile group parameters to the NHM and all other existing HMs on this current channel, and indicate the update of link parameters exchanged by DLINK\_REPORT, ULINK\_REPORT, and CMP\_REPORT frames. This step consists of one state: CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE frames transmission (state 8). + +Operations of the NHM and each HM: + +- a) In state 8, the NHM is first required to continue receiving CMP\_REPORT fragments. When all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received, the NHM is required to cancel timer TC1, set timer T02 and wait for the LINK\_UPDATE frame. For all the existing HMs, when the first CMP\_REPORT fragment is received, they are required to enter state 8 from state 9 and set timer TC1; when all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received, the HMs are required to cancel timer TC1, set timer T02 and wait for the LINK\_UPDATE frame. + - 1) If a LINK\_UPDATE frame is received before timer T02 expires, the NHM/HM is required to cancel timer T02 and TA1 (TA1 only for NHM) and enter state 9. From the first MAP cycle following the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, all HMs are required to utilize new parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. + - 2) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before T02 expires, the NHM/HM is required to enter state 9 and transmit control frames and data frames with new parameters. + - 3) If timer T02 expires, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA1. The NHM/HM is required to enter state 9 and transmit control frames and data frames with new parameters. +- b) In this state, if an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before timer TC1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process, while the existing HMs are required to enter state 9. +- c) If not all CMP\_REPORT fragments are received after timer TC1 expires, the NHM is required to cancel timer TA1, enter state 0, and quit the admission process, while the existing HMs are required to enter state 9. +- d) If the last ULINK\_REPORT fragment is received before timer TC1 expires, the NHM is required to transmit the corresponding ACK frame and reset timer TC1. +- e) If timer TA1 expires, the NHM is required to enter state 0 and quit the admission process. +- f) In other cases, the NHM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) The HB is required to broadcast each CMP\_REPORT fragment in sequence to all nodes (both the NHM and the existing HMs) on this current channel, and repeat this operation N02 times, as shown in Figure 25. +- b) After that, the HB is required to broadcast a LINK\_UPDATE frame N02 times to all nodes on this current channel. From the first MAP cycle after the last LINK\_UPDATE frame, the HB is required to utilize new link parameters to transmit control frames and data frames. +- c) The HB is then required to cancel timer TA1, set timer TM0 (only when the admission of the first NHM in the network is finished), and enter state 9. +- d) If timer TA1 expires, the HB is required to enter state 9 and quit the admission process. + +### 9.2.8 Steady state + +State 9 is the steady state. In state 9, an NHM becomes an HM for the current channel, and the HB is required to communicate with all HMs with new link parameters on this current channel. + +Operations of an HM: + +- a) If an HM receives an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame with the DESTINATION\_NODE\_ID field matching its own ID, it is required to set timers TM2 and TM5 and enter state 10 to start downlink power control and uplink training. +- b) If a CMP\_REPORT fragment is received where the value of the HINOC\_STATE field is 0x1, the HM is required to set timer TC1 and enter state 8; whereas if the value of the HINOC\_STATE field is 0x2, the HM is required to set timer TC1 and enter state 16. + +- c) If the HM executes the node quitting process, it is required to execute the operations specified in clause 9.4. +- d) In other cases, the HM is prohibited from transmitting any uplink signalling frames. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) If the HB receives an ADM\_REQ frame: + - If the value of Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is 0: + - If the NHM is admissible to the network, the HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame to assign a system unique Device ID as well as a Node ID corresponding to the current channel for the NHM, set timers TA1 and T01, and enter state 2. + - If it is not allowed to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection), quit the node admission process on the current channel, and remain in state 9. + - If the value of Device ID indicated by the corresponding TLV in ADM\_REQ frame is not 0: + - If the NHM is admissible to the network, the HB is required to transmit an ADM\_RES frame to assign a Node ID corresponding to the current channel for the NHM, set timers TA1 and T01, and enter state 2. + - If it is not allowed to admit the NHM, the HB is required to transmit an REJ frame (with the REASON field giving reasons for the rejection), quit the node admission process on the current channel, and remain in state 9. +- b) If timer TM0 or TM1 expires, the HB is required to transmit an EMPTY(0/1, 2) frame, set timers TM2 and TM5 and enter state 10. +- c) If timer TM3 expires, the HB is required to transmit the first CMP\_REPORT fragment and enter state 16. +- d) If the HB executes node quitting/deletion process, it is required to execute the operations specified in clause 9.4. +- e) In other cases, the HB is required to transmit the EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame periodically. + +## 9.3 Link maintenance + +In the HiNoC 3.0 system, the characteristics of each working channel between the HB and each HM may vary over time. Link maintenance estimates and exchanges the link parameters of each working channel to adapt to the variation of channel characteristics and ensure that the system runs steadily. + +For each working channel, there are two types of link maintenance in the HiNoC 3.0 system: + +- a) Periodical link maintenance between the HB and all the HMs + +For each channel, HB periodically performs a round of link maintenance with all the HMs working on the channel one by one. The time interval of periodical link maintenance is TM0, which means that the HB is required to select an HM to start a new round of periodical link maintenance after a period of TM0 following the completion of the previous link maintenance. To start link maintenance with a certain HM working on the current channel, the HB is required to set the value of DESTINATION\_NODE field to the HM's Node ID for the channel, and set the value of the HINOC\_STATE field to 0x2 in EMPTY frame and send the EMPTY frame several times to the HM to inform it to start link maintenance with the HB. After completing link maintenance with an HM (not the last one in a round), the HB is required to enter steady state for a period of TM1 and then select another HM to execute link maintenance. After completing link maintenance with the last HM working on the current channel in a round, the HB is required to enter steady state, stay for a period of TM3 and inform every HM on the current channel of the new broadcast parameters, profile group + +parameters and the moment to update link parameters. After that, a round of periodical link maintenance on the current channel is finished. + +The HB is required to enter steady state (state 9) after completing link maintenance with an HM. During this period, if there is an NHM admission request on the same channel, the HB is required to execute the node admission process first. After that, the HB is required to continue link maintenance with the next HM. + +#### b) Single link maintenance between the HB and a certain HM + +The HB can optionally start the link maintenance process according to the variation of the current channel. Similarly, when an HM detects that the characteristics of one channel vary, it can optionally send R frames on this channel to the HB to request link maintenance by setting the value of the LM\_REQ field to 0x1, and then the HB starts link maintenance on this channel with the HM. After unicast parameters between the HB and the certain HM are updated, the HB is required to stay in steady state for a period of TM3 and inform every HM on this current channel of the new broadcast parameters, profile group parameters and the moment to update link parameters. + +It is required to utilize MAC layer signalling frames to execute link maintenance process. For each working channel, the link maintenance process is independent, but the procedure of signalling frames interaction in the link maintenance process is the same. The interaction of signalling frames on one channel is shown in Figure 28. The link maintenance process consists of the following five steps: + +- 1) Step 1: downlink power control and downlink training +- 2) Step 2: DLINK\_REPORT interaction +- 3) Step 3: uplink power control and uplink training and ranging +- 4) Step 4: ULINK\_REPORT interaction and LINK\_UPDATE transmission for unicast parameters updating +- 5) Step 5: CMP\_REPORT and LINK\_UPDATE transmission. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction of signalling frames between An HM and HB. The diagram is divided into two main sections. The top section shows the interaction for 'An HM' with HB, starting from 'Steady state (state 9)', through 'Step 1' (EMPTY(0/1, 2)), 'Step 2' (DLINK_REPORT fragments and ACKs), 'Step 3' (EMPTY, POWER_CTRL, and EMPTY(0/1, 2)), and 'Step 4' (ULINK_REPORT fragments and ACKs), ending with 'LINK_UPDATE' and returning to 'Steady state (state 9)'. The bottom section shows the interaction for 'Each HM' with HB, starting from 'Steady state (state 9)', through 'Step 5' (CMP_REPORT fragments and LINK_UPDATE), and returning to 'Normal communication' and 'Steady state (state 9)'. Various frame types like EMPTY, DLINK_REPORT, ULINK_REPORT, CMP_REPORT, POWER_CTRL, and LINK_UPDATE are shown with their respective parameters and sequence numbers.](c1df61cc3717e878a48e530218403403_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant HM as An HM + participant HB as HB + + Note over HM, HB: Steady state (state 9) + HB->>HM: EMPTY(0/1, 0) + Note right of HB: ... + HB->>HM: EMPTY(0/1, 0) + + Note over HM, HB: Step 1 + HB->>HM: EMPTY(0/1, 2) + Note right of HB: ... + HB->>HM: EMPTY(0/1, 2) + + Note over HM, HB: Step 2 + HM->>HB: DLINK_REPORT fragment 1 + HB->>HM: ACK(1) + Note right of HB: ... + HM->>HB: DLINK_REPORT fragment n + HB->>HM: ACK(n) + + Note over HM, HB: Step 3 + HB->>HM: EMPTY + HM->>HB: POWER_CTRL + Note right of HB: ... + HB->>HM: EMPTY + HM->>HB: EMPTY(0/1, 2) + + Note over HM, HB: Step 4 + HM->>HB: ULINK_REPORT fragment 1 + HB->>HM: ACK(1) + Note right of HB: ... + HM->>HB: ULINK_REPORT fragment n + HB->>HM: ACK(n) + Note right of HB: ... + HM->>HB: LINK_UPDATE + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times continuously + + Note over HM, HB: Steady state (state 9) + + participant EHM as Each HM + Note over EHM, HB: Step 5 + EHM->>HB: CMP_REPORT fragment 1 + Note right of HB: ... + EHM->>HB: CMP_REPORT fragment n + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times cyclically + EHM->>HB: LINK_UPDATE + Note right of HB: Transmit N02 times continuously + + Note over EHM, HB: Normal communication + Note over EHM, HB: Steady state (state 9) + +``` + +J.198.3(24) + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction of signalling frames between An HM and HB. The diagram is divided into two main sections. The top section shows the interaction for 'An HM' with HB, starting from 'Steady state (state 9)', through 'Step 1' (EMPTY(0/1, 2)), 'Step 2' (DLINK\_REPORT fragments and ACKs), 'Step 3' (EMPTY, POWER\_CTRL, and EMPTY(0/1, 2)), and 'Step 4' (ULINK\_REPORT fragments and ACKs), ending with 'LINK\_UPDATE' and returning to 'Steady state (state 9)'. The bottom section shows the interaction for 'Each HM' with HB, starting from 'Steady state (state 9)', through 'Step 5' (CMP\_REPORT fragments and LINK\_UPDATE), and returning to 'Normal communication' and 'Steady state (state 9)'. Various frame types like EMPTY, DLINK\_REPORT, ULINK\_REPORT, CMP\_REPORT, POWER\_CTRL, and LINK\_UPDATE are shown with their respective parameters and sequence numbers. + +**Figure 28 – Interaction of signalling frames in the link maintenance process on one channel** + +The parameters $x$ and $y$ of $\text{EMPTY}(x, y)$ in Figure 28 are defined as follows: $x$ represents the value of the **ADM\_FLAG** field in the header of the downlink **EMPTY** frame, and $y$ represents the value of the **HINOC\_STATE** field in the header of the downlink **EMPTY** frame. The "0/1" in $\text{EMPTY}(0/1, 0)$ and $\text{EMPTY}(0/1, 2)$ indicates that the value of the **ADM\_FLAG** field is required to be set to "1" or "0" by the HB, based on whether the current network allows the admission of a new node or not. + +The parameter $n$ of $\text{ACK}(n)$ represents the value of the **ACK\_SN** field in the uplink/downlink **ACK** frame. + +The detailed specification of steps 1 to 5 in the link maintenance process are required to conform to clauses 9.3.2 to 9.3.6 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. + +## 9.4 Node quitting/deletion + +### 9.4.1 Overview + +Node quitting/deletion refers to the NHM/HM quits from a working channel or from the HiNoC 3.0 network. The node quitting/deletion process consists of two situations: active quitting and passive quitting of the NHM/HM. For HiNoC 3.0 channel, the node quitting/deletion process is specified as below. For HiNoC2.0+ channel, the node quitting/deletion process is required to conform to clause 9.4 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. It is required to execute the node quitting/deletion process independently on each working channel. So, the NHM/HM can quit or be deleted from a working channel through the node quitting/deletion process on this channel. Also the NHM/HM can quit or be deleted from the HiNoC 3.0 network which means all the working channels through the node quitting/deletion process on any HiNoC 3.0 channel. + +Node quitting/deletion process includes three relative states presented as follows: + +- 1) State 0 (S0): network searching; +- 2) State 9 (S9): steady state; +- 3) State 17 (S17): node quitting. + +### 9.4.2 Active quitting of the NHM/HM + +Operations of the NHM/HM on one channel: + +- a) When the NHM/HM is in the process of node admission or link maintenance on the channel, it is required to transmit a QUIT frame on the same channel to inform the HB that it requests to quit and the REASON field in the QUIT frame indicates that it will quit from this channel or from the network. And then it is required to set timer T01 and enter node quitting state (state 17) as shown in Figure 29. + - 1) If a QUIT\_ACK frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM/HM is required to cancel timer T01, enter state 0 on this channel and quit from this channel, or enter state 0 on all the working channels and quit from the network, accordingly. + - 2) If timer T01 expires, the NHM/HM is required to retransmit the QUIT frame. The maximum number of QUIT frame transmissions is N01. + - 3) If the QUIT\_ACK frame is not received after the QUIT frame has been transmitted N01 times, the NHM/HM is required to enter state 0 on this channel and quit from this channel, or enter state 0 on all the working channels and quit from the network, accordingly. + - 4) If an EMPTY(0/1, 0) frame is received before timer T01 expires, the NHM/HM is required to cancel timer T01, enter state 0 on this channel and quit from this channel, or enter state 0 on all the working channels and quit from the network, accordingly. +- b) When the HM is in steady state, it is required to utilize the R frame on this channel to inform the HB that it will quit instead of transmitting a QUIT frame, where the value of QUIT\_IND field in the R frame is required to be 0x1 and the value of QUIT\_FLAG field in the R frame depends on whether the HM will quit from this channel or from the network. After that, the HM is required to enter state 0 on this channel and quit from this channel, or enter state 0 on all the working channels and quit from the network, accordingly. + +Operations of the HB on one channel: + +- a) If a QUIT frame from the NHM/HM on this channel is received, the HB is required to transmit a QUIT\_ACK frame, delete the NHM/HM from this channel or from the network according to the value of REASON field in the QUIT frame, and then enter state 9. + +- b) If an R frame with the value of QUIT\_IND field set to 0x1 from an HM on this channel is received, the HB is required to delete the HM from this channel or from the network according to the value of QUIT\_FLAG field in the R frame, and then enter state 9. + +![Sequence diagram showing active quitting of the NHM/HM. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: NHM/HM on the left and HB on the right. The NHM/HM lifeline has State 17 at the top and State 0 at the bottom. The HB lifeline has State 9 at the bottom. A horizontal arrow labeled 'QUIT' goes from the NHM/HM lifeline to the HB lifeline. A horizontal arrow labeled 'QUIT_ACK' goes from the HB lifeline to the NHM/HM lifeline. The text 'J.198.3(24)' is at the bottom right of the diagram.](ae0a735d106290c594b0bafb1f5e72e7_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram showing active quitting of the NHM/HM. The diagram shows two vertical lifelines: NHM/HM on the left and HB on the right. The NHM/HM lifeline has State 17 at the top and State 0 at the bottom. The HB lifeline has State 9 at the bottom. A horizontal arrow labeled 'QUIT' goes from the NHM/HM lifeline to the HB lifeline. A horizontal arrow labeled 'QUIT\_ACK' goes from the HB lifeline to the NHM/HM lifeline. The text 'J.198.3(24)' is at the bottom right of the diagram. + +**Figure 29 – Active quitting of the NHM/HM** + +### 9.4.3 Passive quitting of the NHM/HM + +Operations of the NHM/HM: + +- a) If an NHM/HM receives an REJ frame on one of the working channel and the value of DESTINATION\_NODE\_ID field of the REJ frame matches its own Node ID corresponding to this channel, it is required to transmit the REJ\_ACK frame on this channel to the HB, and then enter state 0 on this channel and quit from the this channel, or enter state 0 on all the working channels and quit from the network according to the value of REASON field in the REJ frame. +- b) If an NHM/HM receives an REJ frame on any working channel from the HB in broadcast mode (with the value of the DESTINATION\_NODE\_ID field set to 0xFF), it is required to enter state 0 on this channel and quit from the this channel, or enter state 0 on all the working channels and quit from the network according to the value of REASON field in the REJ frame. + +Operations of the HB: + +- a) Passive quitting of a certain NHM/HM + +When the HB is in the process of node admission or link maintenance with a NHM/HM on a channel, if the HB needs to execute passive quitting procedure on this channel, it can only be executed to the NHM/HM which is in the process. The HB is required to transmit the REJ frame to the NHM/HM on this channel and the REASON field in the REJ frame indicates that the NHM/HM will be deleted from this channel or from the network. And then the HB is required to set timer T01 and enter node quitting state (state 17), as shown in Figure 30. + +- 1) If an REJ\_ACK frame is received on the same channel before timer T01 expires, the HB is required to cancel T01, delete the NHM/HM from this channel or from the network accordingly, and enter state 9. +- 2) If timer T01 expires, the HB is required to retransmit the REJ frame on this channel. The maximum number of REJ frame transmissions is N01. +- 3) If the REJ\_ACK frame is not received on this channel after the REJ frame has been transmitted N01 times, the HB is required to delete the NHM/HM from this channel or from the network accordingly, and enter state 9. + +When the HB is in steady state, it can optionally execute the passive quitting procedure with any HM in the network. The operations are the same as when the HB is in the process of node admission or link maintenance. + +#### b) Passive quitting of all NHM/HMs on one channel + +Whichever state the HB is in, to delete all HMs on one channel simultaneously, it is required to broadcast the REJ frame on this channel and the REASON field in the REJ frame indicates that all the NHM/HMs on this channel will be deleted from this channel or from the network. When the HB begins to transmit the first REJ frame, it is required to enter state 17. The HB is required to transmit the REJ frame N02 times, and then enter state 9. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the passive quitting of NHM/HMs on one channel. The diagram shows two vertical timelines: NHM/HM on the left and HB on the right. The NHM/HM timeline starts at State 0. The HB timeline has two states: State 17 and State 9. A REJ frame is sent from the HB to the NHM/HM. A REJ_ACK frame is sent from the NHM/HM to the HB. The diagram is labeled J.198.3(24).](8f7c0bf0c75a31fee6b0c7392ff57c39_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between an NHM/HM and an HB during a passive quitting process. The NHM/HM starts in State 0. The HB starts in State 17 and transitions to State 9. A REJ frame is transmitted from the HB to the NHM/HM. A REJ\_ACK frame is transmitted from the NHM/HM to the HB. The diagram is labeled J.198.3(24). + +Sequence diagram illustrating the passive quitting of NHM/HMs on one channel. The diagram shows two vertical timelines: NHM/HM on the left and HB on the right. The NHM/HM timeline starts at State 0. The HB timeline has two states: State 17 and State 9. A REJ frame is sent from the HB to the NHM/HM. A REJ\_ACK frame is sent from the NHM/HM to the HB. The diagram is labeled J.198.3(24). + +**Figure 30 – Passive quitting of the NHM/HM** + +## 9.5 Network synchronization and ranging + +In HiNoC 3.0 system, the length of Pd cycle is determined as the time cycle, and the start time of each Pd cycle refers to the time that HB starts to send the Pd frame in PHY layer. In each Pd cycle, the HB and HMs are required to take the start time of Pd cycle as the system start time. All HMs are required to regard the HB's clock as the reference time. In HiNoC 3.0 system, it is required that the Pd cycle on each channel is strictly aligned in terms of transmission time, which means that the HB is required to send Pd frames on all working channels synchronously. Each HM is required to perform network synchronization and ranging with the HB on the first channel to which the HM is admitted during the node admission process. Each HM can optionally perform network synchronization and ranging on any channel during the link maintenance process. The specification of network synchronization and ranging is required to conform to clause 9.5 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. + +## 9.6 Power control + +In the HiNoC 3.0 system, it is required to realize power control independently on each channel. The specification of power control is required to conform to clause 9.6 of [ITU-T J.196.3]. + +# 10 Compatibility with HiNoC 2.0 + +This Recommendation specifies HiNoC 3.0 protocol. HiNoC 3.0 is backward compatible with HiNoC 2.0. HiNoC 3.0-compliant HBs seamlessly support to interoperate with HiNoC 2.0 HMs. In order to achieve compatibility with HiNoC 2.0, the work channels are divided into HiNoC 2.0+ channel(s) and HiNoC 3.0 channel(s) in the HiNoC 3.0 protocol. HiNoC 2.0+ channel should support both HiNoC 2.0 HMs and HiNoC 3.0 HMs, and HiNoC 3.0 channel only supports HiNoC 3.0 HMs. HiNoC 3.0-compliant HMs should support to access HiNoC 2.0+ channel(s). Before a HiNoC 3.0 HB and HiNoC 2.0 HM(s) build a network, it is required to configure one or more of the HiNoC 3.0 HB's working channels to be HiNoC 2.0+ channel(s) with the number of HiNoC 2.0+ channels depending on the number of HiNoC 2.0 HMs intended for connection. + +Figure 31 provides an example of a mixed networking scenario of HiNoC 3.0 HB with HiNoC 2.0 HMs and HiNoC 3.0 HMs. As shown, the eight 128 MHz channels of HiNoC system are divided into two HiNoC 2.0+ channels and six HiNoC 3.0 channels. Among them, channel 2 and channel 6 are HiNoC 2.0+ channels in which both HiNoC 3.0 HMs (indicated as HMx(3.0)) and HiNoC 2.0 HMs (indicated as HMx(2.0)) are connected, and the rest of the channels are HiNoC 3.0 channels in which all of the HMs connected are HiNoC 3.0 HMs. + +![Diagram illustrating a mixed networking scenario of HiNoC 3.0 channels and HiNoC 2.0+ channels. A central 'Coax channel' box contains eight sub-channels: CH7(3.0), CH6(2.0+), CH5(3.0), CH4(3.0), CH3(3.0), CH2(2.0+), CH1(3.0), and CH0(3.0). The sub-channels CH6(2.0+) and CH2(2.0+) are highlighted in grey. On the left, an 'HB(3.0)' box is connected to all eight sub-channels. On the right, several 'HM' boxes are connected to specific sub-channels: HMn(3.0) to CH7(3.0), HM4(2.0) to CH6(2.0+), HM3(3.0) to CH5(3.0), HM2(2.0) to CH4(3.0), and HM1(3.0) to CH3(3.0). Vertical ellipsis dots indicate additional HMs. The diagram is labeled 'J.198.3(24)' at the bottom right.](dbd074feb5cce1300f42f91da8f673d1_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating a mixed networking scenario of HiNoC 3.0 channels and HiNoC 2.0+ channels. A central 'Coax channel' box contains eight sub-channels: CH7(3.0), CH6(2.0+), CH5(3.0), CH4(3.0), CH3(3.0), CH2(2.0+), CH1(3.0), and CH0(3.0). The sub-channels CH6(2.0+) and CH2(2.0+) are highlighted in grey. On the left, an 'HB(3.0)' box is connected to all eight sub-channels. On the right, several 'HM' boxes are connected to specific sub-channels: HMn(3.0) to CH7(3.0), HM4(2.0) to CH6(2.0+), HM3(3.0) to CH5(3.0), HM2(2.0) to CH4(3.0), and HM1(3.0) to CH3(3.0). Vertical ellipsis dots indicate additional HMs. The diagram is labeled 'J.198.3(24)' at the bottom right. + +**Figure 31 – An example of a mixed networking scenario of HiNoC 3.0 channels and HiNoC 2.0+ channels** + +The compatible requirements for HB and HMs working on the HiNoC 2.0+ channel are specified as follows: + +- a) On the HiNoC 2.0+ channel, HiNoC 3.0 HB is required to send downlink signalling frames according to the HiNoC 2.0 protocol and complete the node admission process with both HiNoC 2.0 HMs and HiNoC 3.0 HMs as specified in the same protocol. +- b) HiNoC 3.0 HB is required to divide the channel into MAP cycles and perform channel allocation for each MAP cycle following the HiNoC 2.0 protocol, meaning the structure of the MAP cycle and MAP frame should conform to clauses 9.1.2 and 9.1.3 in [ITU-T J.196.3]. +- c) On the HiNoC 2.0+ channel, the interaction of signalling frames and control frames and the transmission of data frames between HiNoC 3.0 HB and HiNoC 2.0 HMs are required to be carried out following the HiNoC 2.0 protocol. +- d) To access the HiNoC 2.0+ channel, HiNoC 3.0 HM is required to perform the node admission process as specified in the HiNoC 2.0 protocol. +- e) On the HiNoC 2.0+ channel, HiNoC 3.0 HM should be capable of sending the R frames and receiving the MAP frames compliant with the HiNoC 2.0 protocol and transmit data using the channel resources allocated to this node. +- f) On the HiNoC 2.0+ channel, HiNoC 3.0 HB and HiNoC 3.0 HMs are required to apply the data frame format specified by the HiNoC 3.0 protocol for uplink and downlink unicast data transmission. +- g) On the HiNoC 2.0+ channel, the group broadcast frame specified in HiNoC 2.0 protocol are required to be supported between HiNoC 3.0 HB and HiNoC 3.0 HMs, but the multicast frame, broadcast frame, and Profile Group transmission mechanism specified in the HiNoC 3.0 protocol are not supported between them. +- h) When a HiNoC 3.0 HM, which accesses a HiNoC 2.0+ channel, also connects to other HiNoC 2.0+ or HiNoC 3.0 channel(s), it should support the channel bonding mechanism for unicast data transmission with HiNoC 3.0 HB. + +## Annex A + +### Format of MAC layer frames + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +### A.1 Signalling frame format + +#### A.1.1 Downlink signalling frame format + +The structure of fixed part of the downlink signalling frame header is shown in Table A.1. + +**Table A.1 – Downlink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|---------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DESTINATION_NODE_ID | 8 | Destination node ID:
0x01-0x40 – Node ID of a HM node on current channel
0xFF – Node ID of broadcast address
All other values reserved | +| SOURCE_NODE_ID | 8 | Source node ID (HB's Node ID): 0x0 | +| FRAME_LENGTH | 8 | Frame length (including the header and the payload), in bytes | +| FRAME_TYPE | 4 | Downlink signalling frame type:
0x1 – EMPTY frame
0x2 – ADM_RES frame
0x3 – REJ frame
0x4 – ULINK_REPORT frame
0x5 – ACK frame
0x6 – CMP_REPORT frame
0x7 – LINK_UPDATE frame
0x8 – QUIT_ACK frame
0x9 – POWER_CTRL frame
All other values reserved | +| VERSION | 4 | Supported HiNoC protocol version types, one bit corresponding to one HiNoC version
Bit 0 – For HiNoC 1.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 1.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 1.0
Bit 1 – For HiNoC 2.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 2.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 2.0
Bit 2 – For HiNoC 3.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 3.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 3.0
Bit 3 – Reserved | +| FF | 1 | FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Do not fragment
0x1 – Fragment | +| LFF | 1 | LAST FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Not the last fragment
0x1 – Last fragment | +| FSN | 6 | FRAGMENT SEQUENCE NUMBER, beginning with 1 | + +**Table A.1 – Downlink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| HINOC_ID | 8 | ID of the HiNoC network built by the current HB | +| HM_NUM | 8 | Number of HM nodes in the HiNoC channel | +| ADM_FLAG | 1 | Whether the channel allows a new node to be admitted:
0x0 – Admissible
0x1 – Inadmissible | +| HINOC_STATE | 3 | Current state of the channel:
0x0 – Steady state
0x1 – Node admission
0x2 – Link maintenance | +| PREEQ_EN | 2 | Pre-equalization supported flags:
0x0 – Not to support pre-equalization
0x1 – To support pre-equalization
0x2 – Decided by HM
0x3 – Reserved | +| EXT_HEADER_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the header:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | +| EXT_PAYLOAD_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the payload:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | +| ARQ_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support ARQ protocol:
0x0 – Not to support ARQ protocol
0x1 – To support ARQ protocol | +| EISF_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support EISF:
0x0 – Not to support EISF
0x1 – To support EISF | +| TERMINAL_SPTD | 3 | The maximum bandwidth of HM supported by current channel:
0x7 – Supporting an HM with maximum bandwidth of 128 MHz
All other values Reserved | +| CP_MODE | 2 | The cyclic prefix (CP) length used in transmitting data frame:
0x0-0.5 µs
0x1-1 µs
0x2-2 µs
All other values reserved | +| RSVD | 5 | Reserved | +| FEC_SPTD | 4 | The forward error correction (FEC) format supported by HB: setting 1 indicates to support the corresponding FEC format and setting 0 indicates not to support the corresponding FEC format | + +**Table A.1 – Downlink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Bit 0 – (1920, 1744) truncated Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code
Bit 1 – (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code
Bit 2 – (1920, 1728) LDPC code
Bit 3 – (3840, 3456) LDPC code
Others – Reserved | +| MAP_OFDM_NUM | 8 | Number of OFDM symbols for transmitting a MAP frame | +| MAP_MAX_MODU_MODE | 8 | Mode of the highest-order sub-carrier modulation for transmitting a MAP frame | +| MAP_FRAME_OFFSET | 24 | Time from the beginning of this Pd frame to the beginning of the transmission of the first MAP frame, in TICK_TIMES. If this field is 0, it indicates that there is no transmission of MAP frames during this Pd cycle | +| OFDMA_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support OFDMA mechanism to transmit data frame:
0x0 – Not to support OFDMA
0x1 – Support OFDMA | +| CHANNEL_NUM | 3 | The downlink signalling frame channel number to transmit this downlink signalling frame | +| FEC_MODE | 4 | The FEC format used by Dd/Du frames:
0x0 – No FEC
0x1 – (508, 472) truncated BCH code
0x2 – (504, 432) truncated BCH code
All other values reserved | + +The structure of the downlink signalling frame tail is shown in Table A.2. + +**Table A.2 – Downlink signalling frame tail** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-------|--------------|-------------------------| +| CRC | 32 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +The structure of the fixed part in the downlink signalling frame payload is shown in Tables A.3 to A.12. + +**Table A.3 – EMPTY frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|----------| +| NOTE – This type of downlink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.4 – ADM\_RES frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|---------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ASSIGNED_HM_NODE_ID | 8 | Node ID assigned to this HM by current channel | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of this HM | +| ULINK_TRAIN_CHANNEL | 8 | Pu frame slots used by this HM to make uplink channel training, except for the 5th Pu frame.
Bit 7-4 – Each bit corresponds to the 9th~6th Pu frame time slot respectively. Bit 3-0 – Each bit corresponds to the 4th~1st Pu frame time slot respectively.
Setting to 1 indicates that the corresponding time slot is available to make uplink channel training and setting to 0 indicates that this time slot is not available to make uplink channel training | +| RSVD | 4 | Reserved | +| FEC_MODE_2 | 4 | The FEC format used by Dd/Du frames:
0x0 – No FEC
0x1 – (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code
0x2 – (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code
0x3 – (1920, 1728) LDPC code
0x4 – (3840, 3456) LDPC code
All other values reserved | + +**Table A.5 – REJ frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|---------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| REASON | 8 | Reasons that the HB rejects the HM:
0x1 – Password error
0x2 – Channel capacity is full
0x3 – Channel condition is bad
0x4 – MAC (GUID) address conflict
0x5 – Device ID error
The above values indicate that the HM quits the current channel
0x81 – Indicate the HM to quit the entire network
All other values reserved | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of the HM
When the DESTINATION_NODE_ID field in the header is 0xFF, each bit in this field should be set to '1' | + +**Table A.6 – ULINK\_REPORT frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------------| +| PE_NUM | 8 | Number of parameter elements | +| for (i=0; i< PE_NUM; i++) { | | | +| PE | variable a) | Parameter element | +| } | | | +| a) The PE is specified in Table A.12. And the value of its length depends on the parameter content. | | | + +**Table A.7 – ACK payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|--------|--------------|----------------------------------| +| RSVD | 2 | Reserved | +| ACK_SN | 6 | Sequence number of the ACK frame | + +**Table A.8 – CMP\_REPORT frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------------| +| PE_NUM | 8 | Number of parameter elements | +| for (i=0; ia) | Parameter element | +| } | | | +| a) The PE is specified in Table A.12. And the value of its length depends on the parameter content. | | | + +**Table A.9 – LINK\_UPDATE frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| LINK_UPDATE_SN | 8 | Sequence number of LINK_UPDATE frame, with a maximum value of 0x3:
0x3 – First LINK_UPDATE
0x2 – Second LINK_UPDATE
0x1 – Third LINK_UPDATE
All other values reserved | +| RSVD | 48 | Reserved | + +**Table A.10 – QUIT\_ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|----------| +| NOTE – This type of downlink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.11 – POWER\_CTRL frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|---------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Action | 2 | Indicates the power adjustment scheme. The magnitude of the adjustment is determined by the value of Range A and Range B:
0x2 – Increase power
0x3 – Reduce power
All other values reserved | +| Range A | 3 | Adjustment magnitude (on a large scale).
(Recommendation: use 3 dB as the basic unit) | +| Range B | 3 | Adjustment magnitude (on a small scale).
(Recommendation: use 0.5 dB as the basic unit) | + +**Table A.12 – PE (parameter element)** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|--------------------|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CODE | 8 | Type of parameters transmitted:
0x1 – OFDM modulation parameters
0x2 – Power control parameters and time and frequency offset
0x3 – Delay compensation value
0x4 – SCG_Ru position of R frame
0x5 – Data frame retransmission (ARQ) enable flag
0x6 – Profile Group information
All other values reserved | +| LENGTH | 16 | Total length of this PE, in bytes | +| CONTENT | Specified as below | Specific parameter content corresponding to the value of CODE field, defined as below. | +| If CODE = 1 | | | +| CONTENT | 480 | Bit 3-0 – Effective sub-carrier group 1
0x2 – QPSK
0x3 – 8 QAM
0x4 – 16 QAM
0x5 – 32 QAM
0x6 – 64 QAM
0x7 – 128 QAM
0x8 – 256 QAM
0x9 – 512 QAM
0xa – 1024 QAM
0xb – 2048 QAM
0xc – 4096 QAM
0xd – 8192 QAM
0xe – 16384 QAM
All other values reserved
..... | + +**Table A.12 – PE (parameter element)** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|--------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Bit 479-476 – Effective sub-carrier group 120
0x2 – QPSK
0x3 – 8 QAM
0x4 – 16 QAM
0x5 – 32 QAM
0x6 – 64 QAM
0x7 – 128 QAM
0x8 – 256 QAM
0x9 – 512 QAM
0xa – 1024 QAM
0xb – 2048 QAM
0xc – 4096 QAM
0xd – 8192 QAM
0xe – 16384 QAM
All other values reserved | +| If CODE = 2 | | | +| CONTENT | 32 | Bit 7-0 – Power
Bit 15-8 – Time offset
Bit 31-16 – Frequency offset | +| If CODE = 3 | | | +| CONTENT | 16 | Delay compensation value for HM (in unit of TICK_TIME, 1/128 µs) | +| If CODE = 4 | | | +| CONTENT | 32 | SCG_RU number used in R frame transmission for the HM
Bit 7-0 – The value of m in the first scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n)
Bit 15-8 – The value of n in the first scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n)
Bit 23-16 – The value of m in the second scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n)
Bit 31-24 – The value of n in the second scheduled SCG_Ru(m, n) | +| If CODE = 5 | | | +| CONTENT | 7 | Reserved | +| | 1 | Data frame retransmission (ARQ) enabled flag:
0x0 – Disable data frame retransmission function
0x1 – Enable data frame retransmission function | +| If CODE = 6 | | | +| CONTENT | 480 | Profile Group modulation information
Bit 3-0 – Subcarrier group 1
0x2 – QPSK
0x3 – 8 QAM | + +**Table A.12 – PE (parameter element)** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-------|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | 0x4 – 16 QAM
0x5 – 32 QAM
0x6 – 64 QAM
0x7 – 128 QAM
0x8 – 256 QAM
0x9 – 512 QAM
0xa – 1024 QAM
0xb – 2048 QAM
0xc – 4096 QAM
0xd – 8192 QAM
0xe – 16384 QAM
All other values reserved
.....
Bit 479-476 – Subcarrier group 120
0x2 – QPSK
0x3 – 8 QAM
0x4 – 16 QAM
0x5 – 32 QAM
0x6 – 64 QAM
0x7 – 128 QAM
0x8 – 256 QAM
0x9 – 512 QAM
0xa – 1024 QAM
0xb – 2048 QAM
0xc – 4096 QAM
0xd – 8192 QAM
0xe – 16384 QAM
All other values reserved | +| | 64 | HM nodes contained in the current Profile Group. If a node is within the current Profile Group, the corresponding bit value is 1, otherwise the corresponding bit value is 0. Bit 63~0 corresponds to HM nodes on the current channel with Node ID 64~1 | +| | 3 | Profile Group indication, with values of 0-7 indicating profile groups with PGID of 0x41-0x48 correspondingly | +| | 5 | Reserved | + +The structure of the downlink/uplink signalling frame header/payload expansion section is shown in Table A.13. + +**Table A.13 – Downlink/uplink signalling frame header/payload expansion section** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------| +| TLV_NUM | 8 | Number of TLV-coded fields | +| for (i=1; i≤TLV_NUM; i++) { | | | +| TYPE | 8 | Type | +| LENGTH | 8 | Length | +| VALUE | Variable a) | Value | +| } | | | + +a) The TLV coding format is specified in Table A.14. And the length of the VALUE field depends on the information Type indicated by the TYPE field. + +The TLV coding format involved in downlink/uplink signalling frames and data frames is shown in Table A.14. + +**Table A.14 – TLV code** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TYPE | 8 | Information type:
System defined types: 0x00-0xBF
0x00-0x0E – Reserved
0x0F – Device ID assigned
0x10 – Transmitting power and receiving gain
0x11 – Indication of Pu frame slot
0x12 – FEC format supported
0x13 – FEC format adopted
0x14 – The maximum interleaving depth supported
0x15 – The interleaving depth adopted
0x16 – Number of subcarriers that SSC contains
0x17 – Channel frequency list
0x18 – OFDMA mode enable flag
0x20 – Detailed report of queues information
0x21 – Frame sequence number
0x22 – Receiving member list of the frame
0x23 – Multicast group identification
0x30 – MAP cycle length
0x31 – Starting position of the MAP frame time slot relative to the MAP period
0x32 – Starting position of the R frame time slot relative to the MAP period
0x33 – Number of OFDM symbols occupied by MAP frame
0x34 – Number of OFDM symbols occupied by R frame
0x35 – Length of the FUNCTION field in the AU unit
0x36 – Complex mode support capability of channel bonding multicast transmission | + +**Table A.14 – TLV code** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | 0x37 – Complex mode enable flag of channel bonding multicast transmission
All other values reserved
User defined types: 0xC0-0xFF | +| LENGTH | 8 | Length of VALUE field (in bytes) | +| VALUE | Specified as below | The detailed content corresponding to the value of TYPE field, specified as below | +| If TYPE = 0x0F | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The value of 0 indicating that no Device ID has been assigned to the HM or the HM hasn't obtained a Device ID
The value of 1-128 indicating the Device ID assigned by the system to the HM | +| If TYPE = 0x10 | | | +| VALUE | 32 | Bit 31-16 – HB transmitting power
Bit 15-0 – HB receiving gain | +| If TYPE = 0x11 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | Pu frame time slots used by this HM to make uplink channel training
Bit 7-4 – Corresponding to Pu frame time slot 9 ~ time slot 6
Bit 3-0 – Corresponding to Pu frame time slot 4 ~ time slot 1
Setting to 1 indicates that the time slot can be used for uplink channel training on the HM, and setting to 0 indicates that the slot cannot be used for uplink channel training on the HM | +| If TYPE = 0x12 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The FEC format supported by the node: setting to 1 indicates to support the corresponding FEC format and setting to 0 indicates not to support the corresponding FEC format.
Bit 0 – (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code
Bit 1 – (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code
Bit 2 – (1920, 1728) LDPC code
Bit 3 – (3840, 3456) LDPC code
Others – Reserved | +| If TYPE = 0x13 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The FEC format used by the PHY layer.
0x0 – No FEC
0x1 – (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code
0x2 – (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code
0x3 – (1920, 1728) LDPC code
0x4 – (3840, 3456) LDPC code | + +**Table A.14 – TLV code** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | Others – Reserved | +| If TYPE = 0x14 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The maximum interleaving depth supported by the current node, setting to 0 indicates that interleaving is not supported | +| If TYPE = 0x15 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | Interleaving depth of PHY layer Adopted. Setting to 0 indicates that no interleaving is used | +| If TYPE = 0x16 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | Number of subcarriers within an SSC.
0x04 – 16
0x05 – 32
0x06 – 64
0x07 – 128
0x08 – 256
0x09 – 512
0x0A – 1024
0x0B – 2048
Others – Reserved | +| If TYPE = 0x17 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | List of available channel frequencies for the current device, as an extension of the payload in the ADM_RES, ADM_REQ and REJ frame | +| If TYPE = 0x18 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | OFDMA mode enable flag for data transmission.
Bit 0: Setting to 1 indicates OFDMA mode is enabled, and setting 0 indicates OFDMA mode is not enabled.
Others – Reserved | +| If TYPE = 0x20 | | | +| VALUE | 128 | Report of 8 priority queues information in this HM, definition is specified as below, in granularity of 16 bytes (rounded up to an integer):
Bit 127-112 – the length of queue 7
Bit 111-96 – the length of queue 6
Bit 95-80 – the length of queue 5
Bit 79-64 – the length of queue 4
Bit 63-48 – the length of queue 3
Bit 47-32 – the length of queue 2
Bit 31-16 – the length of queue 1
Bit 15-0 – the length of queue 0 | +| If TYPE = 0x21 | | | +| VALUE | 16 | The sequence number of the current HiMAC3.0 data frame: 0-65535 | + +**Table A.14 – TLV code** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| If TYPE = 0x22 | | | +| VALUE | 64 | The receiving member list of the frame.
Bit 0-63 – Corresponding to HM nodes with the current channel Node ID of 1~64 respectively. Setting to 1 indicates that the corresponding HM should receive the current frame. and setting to 0 indicates that the corresponding HM should not receive the current frame | +| If TYPE = 0x23 | | | +| VALUE | 24 | Multicast group identifier, with a value of the lower 24 bits of the multicast address of the EMAC frame carried by the current HiMAC3.0 multicast frame | +| If TYPE = 0x30 | | | +| VALUE | 16 | The length of the MAP cycle ( $N_{\text{MAP\_SYMBOL}}$ ) in the Pd cycle.
0x01 – 32 OFDM symbols
0x02 – 64 OFDM symbols
0x03 – 128 OFDM symbols
0x04 – 256 OFDM symbols
Others – Reserved | +| If TYPE = 0x31 | | | +| VALUE | 16 | The start position of the MAP frame time slot relative to the MAP period in which it is located, in units of OFDM symbols, with a value of $\geq 1$ | +| If TYPE = 0x32 | | | +| VALUE | 16 | The start position of the R frame time slot relative to the MAP period in which it is located, in units of OFDM symbols, with a value of $\geq 1$ | +| If TYPE = 0x33 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The number of OFDM symbols occupied by MAP frame | +| If TYPE = 0x34 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The number of OFDM symbols occupied by R frame | +| If TYPE = 0x35 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | The length of the AU unit FUNCTION field in a MAP frame, in bits | +| If TYPE = 0x36 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | Channel bonding multicast transmission complex mode support capability.
Bit 0 – Whether the current node supports channel bonding multicast transmission complex mode. Setting to 1 indicates the mode supported, and setting to 0 indicates the mode not supported.
Bit 7-1 – Reserved | + +**Table A.14 – TLV code** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| If TYPE = 0x37 | | | +| VALUE | 8 | Complex mode enable flag of channel bonding multicast transmission.
Bit 0 – Whether to enable complex mode function of channel bonding multicast transmission. Setting to 1 indicates the function enabled, and setting to 0 indicates the function not enabled.
Bit 7-1 – Reserved | + +#### A.1.2 Uplink signalling frame format + +The structure of the fixed part in the uplink signalling frame header is shown in Table A.15. + +**Table A.15 – Uplink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|---------------------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| DESTINATION_NODE_ID | 8 | Destination node ID:
0x0 – HB's Node ID | +| SOURCE_NODE_ID | 8 | Source node ID (HM's Node ID) | +| FRAME_LENGTH | 8 | Frame length (including the header and payload), in bytes | +| FRAME_TYPE | 4 | Uplink signalling frame type:
0x1 – EMPTY frame
0x2 – ADM_REQ frame
0x3 – ADM_ACK frame
0x4 – REJ_ACK frame
0x5 – ACK frame
0x6 – DLINK_REPORT frame
0x7 – QUIT frame
All other values reserved | +| VERSION | 4 | HiNoC version supported by the HM, one bit corresponding to a HiNoC version
Bit 0 – For HiNoC 1.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 1.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 1.0
Bit 1 – For HiNoC 2.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 2.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 2.0
Bit 2 – For HiNoC 3.0, setting 1 indicates to support HiNoC 3.0, setting 0 indicates not to support HiNoC 3.0
Bit 3 – Reserved | + +**Table A.15 – Uplink signalling frame header** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|------------------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| FF | 1 | FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Do not fragment
0x1 – Fragment | +| LFF | 1 | LAST FRAGMENT FLAG:
0x0 – Not the last fragment
0x1 – Last fragment | +| FSN | 6 | FRAGMENT SEQUENCE NUMBER | +| PREEQ_EN | 2 | Pre-equalization supported flags:
0x0 – Not to support pre-equalization
0x1 – To support pre-equalization
All other values reserved | +| CHANNEL_NUM | 3 | The uplink signalling frame channel number to transmit this uplink signalling frame | +| RSVD | 1 | Reserved | +| EXT_HEADER_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the header:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | +| EXT_PAYLOAD_INFO | 1 | Whether there is extended part after fixed part in the payload:
0x0 – No
0x1 – Yes | + +The structure of the uplink signalling frame tail is shown in Table A.16. + +**Table A.16 – Uplink signalling frame tail** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-------|--------------|-------------------------| +| CRC | 32 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +The structure of the fixed part of the uplink signalling frame payload is shown in Tables A.17 to A.23. + +**Table A.17 – EMPTY frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|----------| +| NOTE – This type of uplink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.18 – ADM\_REQ frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| USER_ID | 96 | User identification | +| PASSWORD | 96 | User password | +| ARQ_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support ARQ protocol:
0x0 – Not to support ARQ protocol
0x1 – To support ARQ protocol | +| EISF_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support EISF:
0x0 – Not to support EISF
0x1 – To support EISF | +| OFDMA_SPTD | 1 | Whether to support OFDMA mechanism to transmit data frame:
0x0 – Not to support OFDMA
0x1 – Support OFDMA | +| TERMINAL_TYPE | 3 | Type of HM:
0x0 – 128 MHz HM
0x1 – 256 MHz HM
0x2 – 384 MHz HM
0x3 – 512 MHz HM
0x4 – 640 MHz HM
0x5 – 768 MHz HM
0x6 – 896 MHz HM
0x7 – 1024 MHz HM | +| RSVD | 2 | Reserved | +| NODE_PROTOCOL_SUPPORT | 8 | The higher layer protocol supported by this node:
Bit 0 – 0x1, indicates to support Ethernet protocol
Bit 7:1 – Reserved | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of this HM | + +**Table A.19 – ADM\_ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|----------| +| NOTE – This type of uplink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.20 – REJ\_ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|----------| +| NOTE – This type of uplink signalling frame does not have fixed part in payload. | | | + +**Table A.21 – ACK frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|--------|--------------|----------------------------------| +| RSVD | 2 | Reserved | +| ACK_SN | 6 | Sequence number of the ACK frame | + +**Table A.22 – DLINK\_REPORT frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| PE_NUM | 8 | Number of parameter elements | +| for (i=0; i< PE_NUM; i++) { | | | +| PE | variable a) | Parameter element, with the same definition as that in downlink signalling frame | +| } | | | +| a) The PE is specified in Table A.12. And the value of its length depends on the parameter content. | | | + +**Table A.23 – QUIT payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|---------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| REASON | 8 | Reasons an HM quits the HiNoC network:
0x1 – Quit normally
0x2 – Channel condition is bad
The above values indicate that the HM quits the current channel.
0x81 – Quit the entire network
All other values reserved | +| HM_GUID | 48 | Hardware address of this HM | + +### A.2 Control frame format + +The structure of the MAP control frame is shown in Tables A.24 and A.25. + +**Table A.24 – MAP frame** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| MAP_ID | 8 | The number of this MAP cycle in the Pd cycle | +| AU_NUM | 8 | The number of channel allocation units in this MAP cycle | +| MAP_LENGTH | 16 | MAP frame length, in bytes | +| SSC_MAP{ | | SSC usage pattern, composed of AU_NUM channel allocation units (AUs) | +| for (i=0; ia) | The definition of channel allocation unit (AU):
AU_TYPE (8bit): The type of current channel allocation unit
0x00 – Idle SSC
0x01-0x40 – HM's Node ID
0x41-0x48 – Profile Group ID
0x49 – Multicast transmission
0x4A – Broadcast transmission
0x7F – Downlink/uplink reverse interval
Other values – Reserved
FUNCTION (variable length): When AU_TYPE is 0x7F, this field represents the offset of the reverse interval relative to the starting position of the MAP cycle, in SSCs; When AU_TYPE is a different value, this field represents the number of SSCs assigned to it or idle SSCs | +| } | | | +| } | | | +| Padding | Variable b) | Padding, to ensure that the length of all fields in the current MAP frame reaches the specified MAP frame length | +| for (i=0; i<64; i++) { | | | +| HM_STATE | 1 | The (i+1) th HM's online state:
0x0 – Offline (not admitted or deleted)
0x1 – Online (admitted) | +| } | | | +| RSVD | 64 | Reserved | +| CRC | 32 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +a) The length of AU field is equal to the sum of the lengths of sub-fields AU-TYPE and FUNCTION. The length of FUNCTION sub-field is variable and noticed by TLV coding block in signalling frame. +b) The length of Padding field is equal to the MAP frame length minus the length of all the other fields. + +**Table A.25 – R frame** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| for (i=7; i>0; i--) { | | | +| Q_FLAG#i | 1 | Queue information of queue i | +| } | | | +| QUIT_IND | 1 | Quitting indication. A value of 0x1 indicates to the HB that the HM is quitting from the channel | + +**Table A.25 – R frame** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| LM_REQ | 1 | Request for link maintenance, setting 1 indicates that HM requests link maintenance | +| QUIT_FLAG | 1 | Indicates whether to quit the current channel, effective when QUIT_IND is 1
0x1 – Quit the current channel
0x0 – Quit the entire network | +| RSVD | 3 | Reserved | +| CRC | 4 | Cyclic redundancy check | + +### A.3 Data frame format + +The structure of the data frame is shown in Tables A.26 to A.29. + +**Table A.26 – HiMAC3.0 data frame header** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|------------------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NODE_ID | 8 | Node ID of the node transmitting this HiMAC3.0 frame:
For Du frame, this field represents the source Node ID.
For Dd frame, this field represents the destination Node ID.
Value:
0x01-0x40 – Node ID of a specified HM node
0x49 – Multicast data frame
0x4A – Broadcast data frame
All other values reserved | +| EH_FLAG | 1 | Extended header flag:
0x0 – The byte following the header is not an extended header byte
0x1 – The byte following the header is an extended header byte | +| SUBFRAME_NUM | 3 | The value is $n$ ( $n \geq 0$ ), indicating the number of encapsulated subframes | +| F_SEGMENTATION_H_FLAG | 1 | The first EMAC subframe segmentation (header) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the first EMAC subframe (i.e., not including EISF) contains an EMAC header | +| F_SEGMENTATION_E_FLAG | 1 | The first EMAC subframe segmentation (tail) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the first EMAC subframe contains an EMAC tail | +| L_SEGMENTATIONT_H_FLAG | 1 | The last EMAC subframe segmentation (header) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the last EMAC subframe contains an EMAC header | + +**Table A.26 – HiMAC3.0 data frame header** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| L_SEGMENTATION_E_FLAG | 1 | The last EMAC subframe segment (tail) flag, setting to 1 indicates that the last EMAC subframe contains an EMAC tail | +| EH_FLAG (optional) | 1 | Extended header flag:
0x0 – The byte following this byte is not an extended header byte
0x1 – The byte following this byte is an extended header byte | +| EISF_FLAG (optional) | 1 | Whether the first subframe is EISF or not:
0x0 – The first subframe is not EISF
0x1 – The first subframe is EISF | +| RSVD (optional) | 2 | Reserved | +| VERSION (optional) | 1 | Data frame version
0x0 – This data frame is a HiNoC 2.0 data frame
0x1 – This data frame is a HiNoC 3.0 data frame | +| Pri (optional) | 3 | Priority, setting 0 indicates the lowest priority, and setting 7 indicates the highest priority | + +**Table A.27 – HiMAC3.0 data frame payload** + +| Field | Length (bit) | Function | +|-----------------------|------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| for (i=0; iField | Length (bit) | Function | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| for (i=1; i≤N; i++) { | | N is the number of TLV code fields (N ≥ 1). The definition of TLV is shown in Table A.14 | +| TYPE | 8 | Type | +| LENGTH | 8 | Length | +| VALUE | variable a) | Value | +| } | | | +| CRC | 32 | Cyclic redundancy check | +| a) The TLV coding format is specified in Table A.14. And the length of the VALUE field depends on the information Type indicated by the TYPE field. | | | + +## Annex B + +### MAC layer constants + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +The constants and their values used in the MAC layer are specified in this annex. The constants used in the MAC layer frame structure are specified in Table B.1, and the constants used in medium access control and channel allocation are specified in Table B.2. The constants used in the node admission process are specified in Table B.3. + +**Table B.1 – MAC layer frame structure constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| +| N SF | For HiNoC 2.0+ channels: 496
For HiNoC 3.0 channels: 3968 | The length of downlink/uplink signalling frame (in bits) | +| L MAP_FRAME | For HiNoC 2.0+ channels: 744
For HiNoC 3.0 channels: 1984*number of MAP frame symbols | The length of the MAP frame (in bits) | +| L R_FRAME | 18 | The length of the R frame (in bits) | +| L HIMAC | Conform to Table B.1 in Annex B of [ITU-T J.196.3] | The length of HiMAC3.0 data frame (in bits) | + +**Table B.2 – Medium access control and channel allocation constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| T R_IFG | 1 OFDM symbol (the length of OFDM symbol is calculated based on the CP length of data frame) | The length of the frame gap between adjacent downlink/uplink frames and uplink/downlink frames | +| T P_IFG | 3 OFDM symbols (the length of an OFDM symbol is calculated based on the CP length of Pd/Pu frame) | The length of the frame gap following Pd/Pu frames | +| N NO_R | Recommended value: 1000 | The maximum times for the HB to continuously not to receive one HM's R frame | +| T KA | Recommended value: 2 s | The maximum time duration for an HM not to receive online state indication in a MAP frame transmitted by the HB | + +**Table B.3 – Node admission constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|----------|-------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| TL1 | 3 s | Maximum time for the HB and an NHM to monitor the downlink signalling frame in each channel during network searching | +| TL2 | 12 s | Maximum time for an NHM to complete downlink power control and downlink training | + +**Table B.3 – Node admission constants** + +| Constant | Value | Explanation | +|-----------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NA1 | 6 | Maximum number of ADM_REQ frames an NHM transmits | +| TA1 | 8 s | Maximum time to admit a new node after HB/NHM completes downlink training | +| TA2 | 2 s | Maximum time for the HB to receive all DLINK_REPORT fragments | +| TA3 | 5 s | Maximum time for the HB/NHM to complete uplink power control, uplink training and ranging | +| TA4 | 2 s | Maximum time for an NHM to receive all ULINK_REPORT fragments | +| N01 | 3 | Maximum number of times to transmit a signalling frame | +| N02 | 3 | Number of times for the HB to broadcast/grouping-broadcast the LINK_UPDATE/CMP_REPORT/REJ frame | +| N03 | 30 | Maximum number of adjustments for an HB/NHM/HM to execute uplink/downlink power control | +| TC1 | 600 ms | Maximum time to wait for CMP_REPORT fragments | +| T01 | 40 ms | Recommended time for an HB/NHM/HM to wait for the next uplink/downlink signalling frame after transmitting a downlink/uplink signalling frame | +| T02 | 600 ms | Maximum time for an HM to wait for the LINK_UPDATE frame after receiving all CMP_REPORT fragments | + +## Bibliography + +- [ITU-T J.195.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.1 (2016), *Functional requirements for high speed transmission over coaxial networks connected with fibre to the building.* +- [b-ITU-T J.195.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.2 (2014), *Physical layer specification for high speed transmission over coaxial networks.* +- [b-ITU-T J.195.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.195.3 (2014), *MAC layer specification for first-generation HiNOC.* +- [b-ITU-T J Sup 12] ITU-T J-series Recommendations – Supplement 12 (2023), *Comparison between third-generation HiNoC and second-generation HiNoC.* +- [b-ITU-T X.233] Recommendation ITU-T X.233 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8473-1:1998, *Information technology – Protocol for providing the connectionless-mode network service: Protocol specification.* + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/a3dc41dc3df86ea68d266af2bf95cf5b_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/a3dc41dc3df86ea68d266af2bf95cf5b_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..36cf51f8ba07e44aa7a4b009f3ba08eb2b570b1c --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/a3dc41dc3df86ea68d266af2bf95cf5b_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:11780faeee75ba39ab4ed9de67a9e67abec0d9ba3068ebec661dea70c16e29d3 +size 4338 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/acfc53eca625d62b38aa2563efa95c3e_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/acfc53eca625d62b38aa2563efa95c3e_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0d02ca6a568c3221768f5513c4c3a07b60a7de91 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/acfc53eca625d62b38aa2563efa95c3e_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:cf6eae2c0481eb31be0f71ef1b3771b0f0bc1c786bdf40bf0e83fb3fb998aab6 +size 21800 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ca83268ba48bf6ff4c51ff95219badb3442ba91e --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.199-200611-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,710 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.199** + +(11/2006) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Cable modems + +# --- **Battery backup for cable-based devices** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.199 + + + +## **ITU-T Recommendation J.199** + +# **Battery backup for cable-based devices** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation describes the battery backup Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) and MIB requirements for integrated DOCSIS devices. An integrated DOCSIS device is a DOCSIS cable modem [J.112], [J.122] that has additional functionality (such as an IPCablecom MTA) integrated into it. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.199 was approved on 29 November 2006 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2007 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 Normative references..... | 1 | +| 2.2 Informative references..... | 1 | +| 3 Abbreviations and conventions..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Abbreviations ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Conventions..... | 2 | +| 4 UPS MIB module and LED functionality ..... | 2 | +| 4.1 Introduction ..... | 2 | +| 4.2 UPS management ..... | 3 | +| Annex A – Battery backup UPS MIB module..... | 5 | + + + +# Battery backup for cable-based devices + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the battery backup Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) and MIB requirements for integrated DOCSIS devices. An integrated DOCSIS device is a DOCSIS cable modem [J.112], [J.122] that has additional functionality (such as an IPCablecom MTA) integrated into it. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[SCTE 79-2] ANSI/SCTE 79-2 (2002), *DOCSIS 2.0 Operations Support System Interface*. + +[RFC 1628] IETF RFC 1628 (1994), *UPS Management Information Base*. + +## 2.2 Informative references + +[J.122] ITU-T Recommendation J.122 (2002), *Second-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems*. + +[J.126] ITU-T Recommendation J.126 (2004), *Embedded Cable Modem device specification*. + +[RFC 3410] IETF RFC 3410 (2002), *Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet Standard Management Framework*. + +# 3 Abbreviations and conventions + +## 3.1 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms. + +DOCSIS Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications (See [J.122].) + +eDOCSIS Embedded Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications (See [J.126].) + +LED Light-Emitting Diode + +MIB Management Information Base + +UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply + +## 3.2 Conventions + +Throughout this Recommendation, the words that are used to define the significance of particular requirements are capitalized. These words are: + +"MUST" This word or the adjective "REQUIRED" means that the item is an absolute requirement of this Recommendation. + +"MUST NOT" This phrase means that the item is an absolute prohibition of this Recommendation. + +"SHOULD" This word or the adjective "RECOMMENDED" means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore this item, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before choosing a different course. + +"SHOULD NOT" This phrase means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the listed behaviour is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before implementing any behaviour described with this label. + +"MAY" This word or the adjective "OPTIONAL" means that this item is truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item because a particular marketplace requires it or because it enhances the product, for example; another vendor may omit the same item. + +# 4 UPS MIB module and LED functionality + +## 4.1 Introduction + +Integrated DOCSIS devices MAY support battery backup capabilities with Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) functionality. An example of such device is an IPCablecom Embedded MTA eDOCSIS device. This Recommendation extends the set of MIB modules to provide SNMP management of the UPS power source and battery backup functions. + +Support for battery backup capabilities with UPS functionality is becoming important as some broadband services rely on constant uptime. The integrated DOCSIS devices UPS components consist of one or more battery packs and associated management functions to allow the control of power supply inputs and outputs. When the UPS is being provided power via the utility line (power outlet), the battery pack(s) are able to charge. When utility power is removed, the UPS component switches to the battery backup power source to provide power to the device until utility power has been reapplied or the battery pack(s) have been depleted. + +Integrated DOCSIS devices that include battery backup with UPS functionality MUST include a Battery LED that relays information on the status of the UPS and battery pack(s). For more information about the Battery LED requirements, refer to 4.2.2. + +Figure 1 describes the typical functional blocks of a UPS component connected to an eDOCSIS device. + +![Diagram of UPS components in eDOCSIS devices](acfc53eca625d62b38aa2563efa95c3e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional blocks of a UPS component within an eDOCSIS device. At the top, a large rectangle represents the 'eDOCSIS device'. Inside its bottom-right corner is a smaller rectangle labeled 'UPS'. Below this, a dashed line connects to a larger rectangle representing the UPS's internal structure. This rectangle is divided into three horizontal sections: 'Outputs' at the top, 'Inputs' at the bottom, and a central section containing the label 'UPS' and a small box labeled 'MIBs'. Below the 'Inputs' section, two separate boxes are shown: 'Battery pack(s)' on the left and 'Utility power' on the right. The text 'J.199(06)\_F01' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Diagram of UPS components in eDOCSIS devices + +**Figure 1/J.199 – UPS components in eDOCSIS devices** + +## **4.2 UPS management** + +The purpose of this clause is to define the UPS management requirements for integrated DOCSIS devices supporting battery backup UPS functionality. + +Integrated DOCSIS devices supporting battery backup functionality MUST support UPS management and MUST comply with the SNMP MIB requirements of IETF RFC 1628 as defined in this clause. IETF RFC 1628 contains more information than is required for the simple UPS devices used for IPCablecom VoIP or HSD services. This Recommendation defines an SMI compliance statement for IETF RFC 1628 that MUST be supported by integrated DOCSIS devices with UPS functionality. + +### **4.2.1 Battery backup UPS MIB module requirements** + +The battery backup UPS MIB objects MUST be implemented as defined in Annex A. + +### **4.2.2 Power and battery LED requirements** + +In order to have effective communication between the operator's maintenance staff and the customers, it is necessary to have a standardized LED arrangement. The power and battery LED indicators should be implemented according to national practice. If there is no national practice on this item, the requirements in the remainder of this clause MUST be implemented. + +Integrated DOCSIS devices with UPS functionality MUST provide a special LED labelled as "BATTERY" (referred to as BATTERY LED or Battery LED in this Recommendation). The BATTERY LED conventions MUST comply with the requirements defined in Table 1. The "POWER" LED of integrated DOCSIS devices with UPS functionality MUST also support the additional requirements defined in Table 1 when the device is running on battery backup power. + +The Power and Battery LED requirements and location on integrated DOCSIS devices with UPS functionality MUST be consistent with the requirements in Section 7 of the DOCSIS 2.0 OSSI specification. + +Table 1 defines the LED functionality used to relay power and battery status information: + +**Table 1/J.199 – Power and battery LED operations by state** + +| Mode of operation | UPS power input source | Battery status | POWER LED requirements | BATTERY LED requirements | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|------------------------|--------------------------| +| Device initialization | AC power
(AC power is ON) | | Unlit | Lit | +| | | Good battery | Lit | Lit | +| | | Low battery | Lit | Flash | +| | | Bad battery | Lit | Unlit | +| Normal operation | Battery power
(AC power is OFF,
battery input source
is ON) | Good battery | Flash | Unlit | +| | | Low battery | Flash | Flash | +| | | Bad battery | Unlit (see Note) | Unlit | + +NOTE – During AC Power Fail with a bad battery, device operation may not be possible due to lack of battery power; the POWER and BATTERY LEDs may be 'Unlit'. + +The Battery LED MUST be 'Lit' under the following conditions: + +- The Battery LED MUST be 'Lit' during the initialization of all the components attached to the UPS (the list of components or eSAFE devices attached to the UPS is defined by the `upsIdentAttachedDevices` object in the `CLAB-UPS-MIB` module). +- The Battery LED MUST be 'Lit' if the eDOCSIS UPS is operating on AC power and the battery is functioning normally. + +The Battery LED MUST be 'Unlit' under the following conditions: + +- One or more batteries are determined to be in "bad" condition. A battery "bad" condition occurs when one or more batteries have been determined to require replacement, for example when a battery is malfunctioning or may not be rechargeable. Such condition also triggers the `upsAlarmBatteryBad` alarm in the `CLAB-UPS-MIB` module. +- The UPS is operating on battery power and the battery is functioning normally. + +The Battery LED MUST 'Flash' under the following condition: + +- The Battery LED MUST 'Flash' if the battery is low. A low battery condition is reached when the remaining battery run-time is less than or equal to the value of the `upsConfigLowBattTime` MIB object in the `CLAB-UPS-MIB` module (such condition also triggers the `upsAlarmLowBattery` alarm condition). + +### 4.2.3 Applicability of the battery backup UPS MIB module requirements + +The battery backup and UPS functionality may be implemented in various Cable devices, for example an IPCablecom Embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapter (E-MTA), a standalone Cable Modem or any eDOCSIS device. This clause specifies additional applicability statements. + +#### 4.2.3.1 IPCablecom E-MTA devices + +In the case of an IPCablecom Embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapter (E-MTA) device used to provide telephony services, service uptime is critical and the usage of battery backup UPS components may be an operator requirement. + +An IPCablecom E-MTA supporting battery backup UPS functionality MUST provide UPS output power to both the embedded cable modem (eCM) and the MTA eSAFE device (eMTA). Therefore, the `upsIdentAttachedDevices` object MUST contain the value 'ECM:EMTA' (without the single quotes). + +# Annex A + +## Battery backup UPS MIB module + +CLAB-UPS-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN + +IMPORTS + +MODULE-IDENTITY FROM SNMPv2-SMI -- RFC 2578 +MODULE-COMPLIANCE FROM SNMPv2-CONF -- RFC 2580 + +clabCommonMibs FROM CLAB-DEF-MIB + +upsIdentManufacturer, +upsIdentModel, +upsIdentAgentSoftwareVersion, +upsIdentName, +upsIdentAttachedDevices, +upsBatteryStatus, +upsSecondsOnBattery, +upsEstimatedMinutesRemaining, +upsEstimatedChargeRemaining, +upsInputLineBads, -- optional +upsInputNumLines, +upsInputFrequency, -- optional +upsInputVoltage, -- optional +upsOutputSource, +upsOutputFrequency, -- optional +upsOutputNumLines, +upsOutputVoltage, -- optional +upsAlarmsPresent, +upsAlarmDescr, +upsAlarmTime, +upsShutdownType, +upsShutdownAfterDelay, +upsStartupAfterDelay, +upsRebootWithDuration, +upsAutoRestart, -- optional +upsConfigInputVoltage, -- optional +upsConfigInputFreq, -- optional +upsConfigOutputVoltage, -- optional +upsConfigOutputFreq, -- optional +upsConfigOutputVA, -- optional +upsConfigOutputPower, -- optional +upsConfigLowBattTime, +upsConfigAudibleStatus -- optional +FROM UPS-MIB; -- RFC 1628 + +clabUpsMib MODULE-IDENTITY + +LAST-UPDATED "200501280000Z" -- January 28, 2005 +ORGANIZATION "Cable Television Laboratories, Inc." +CONTACT-INFO + +"Sumanth Channabasappa - CableLabs +Postal: Cable Television Laboratories, Inc +858 Coal Creek Circle +Louisville, CO 80027 +U.S.A. +Phone: +1 303 661 9100 +Fax: +1-303 661-9199 +E-mail:mibs@cablelabs.com + +``` + + Acknowledgements: + Jean-Francois Mule - CableLabs, Inc. + Kevin Marez, Motorola, Inc." +DESCRIPTION + "This MIB module provides the management objects for + the configuration and monitoring of the battery backup + & UPS functionality for Cable compliant devices." + + ::= { clabCommonMibs 1 } + +-- Administrative assignments + +clabUpsNotifications OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabUpsMib 0 } +clabUpsObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabUpsMib 1 } +clabUpsConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabUpsMib 2 } + +-- Object Groups +-- The object groups used in this MIB module are imported from +-- the IETF RFC 1628; see the module compliance statement + +-- Conformance Statements +clabUpsCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= + { clabUpsConformance 1 } +clabUpsGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= + { clabUpsConformance 2 } + +clabUpsMibCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The compliance statement for Cable compliant + devices that implement battery backup and UPS + functionality." + + MODULE UPS-MIB -- RFC 1628 + MANDATORY-GROUPS { + upsSubsetIdentGroup, + upsFullBatteryGroup, + upsBasicInputGroup, + upsBasicOutputGroup, + upsBasicAlarmGroup, + upsBasicControlGroup, + upsBasicConfigGroup + } + +-- upsSubsetIdentGroup OBJECT-GROUP +-- OBJECTS { upsIdentManufacturer, upsIdentModel, +-- upsIdentAgentSoftwareVersion, upsIdentName, +-- upsIdentAttachedDevices } + +OBJECT upsIdentManufacturer +DESCRIPTION + "The value of the upsIdentManufacturer object MUST contain + the name of the device manufacturer." + +OBJECT upsIdentModel -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "The UPS Model designation." + +OBJECT upsIdentAgentSoftwareVersion -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "The UPS agent software version. + This object may have the same value as the + upsIdentUPSSoftwareVersion object." + +``` + +``` + +OBJECT upsIdentName +DESCRIPTION + "The upsIdentName object identifies the UPS and its value + SHOULD be provided in the device configuration file. If the + upsIdentName value is not provided in the configuration + file, the default value MUST be an empty string." + +OBJECT upsIdentAttachedDevices +DESCRIPTION + "The upsIdentAttachedDevices MUST contain the list of + devices attached to the UPS power output. + The value of the upsIdentAttachedDevices object SHOULD + follow the naming conventions defined for Cable DHCP + option 43 sub-option 3. + For example, if the eDOCSIS device is an E-MTA with an + integrated eCM and an eMTA eSAFE, this object must contain + the value 'ECM:EMTA' (without the single quotes)." + +-- upsFullBatteryGroup OBJECT-GROUP +-- OBJECTS { upsBatteryStatus, upsSecondsOnBattery, +-- upsEstimatedMinutesRemaining, +-- upsEstimatedChargeRemaining } + +OBJECT upsBatteryStatus +SYNTAX INTEGER { + batteryNormal(2), + batteryLow(3), + batteryDepleted(4) +} +DESCRIPTION + "The support of the upsBatteryStatus object value unknown(1) + is not required." + +OBJECT upsSecondsOnBattery +DESCRIPTION + "If the device is on battery power, the + upsSecondsOnBattery object MUST return the elapsed time + since the UPS last switched to battery power, or the + time since the device was last restarted, whichever is + less. + The upsSecondsOnBattery object MUST return a value of 0 if + the attached devices are not on battery power." + +OBJECT upsEstimatedMinutesRemaining -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "An estimate of the time to battery charge depletion + under the present load conditions if the utility power + is off and remains off, or if it were to be lost and + remain off." + +OBJECT upsEstimatedChargeRemaining -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "An estimate of the battery charge remaining expressed + as a percent of full charge." + +-- upsBasicInputGroup OBJECT-GROUP +-- OBJECTS { upsInputLineBads, upsInputNumLines, +-- upsInputFrequency, upsInputVoltage } + +OBJECT upsInputLineBads +DESCRIPTION + "The upsInputLineBads object MAY be supported." +``` + +``` + +OBJECT upsInputNumLines +DESCRIPTION + "The upsInputNumLines object specifies the number of input + lines utilized in this device. + For example, for an eDOCSIS E-MTA device with 1 battery + pack and 1 AC power source, this object value must be 2." + +OBJECT upsInputFrequency +DESCRIPTION + "The upsInputFrequency object MAY be supported." + +OBJECT upsInputVoltage +DESCRIPTION + "The upsInputVoltage object MAY be supported." + +-- upsBasicOutputGroup OBJECT-GROUP +-- OBJECTS { upsOutputSource, upsOutputFrequency, +-- upsOutputNumLines, upsOutputVoltage } + +OBJECT upsOutputSource +SYNTAX INTEGER { + none(2), + normal(3), + battery(5) +} +DESCRIPTION + "The devices capable of supporting battery backup and UPS + functionality MUST support the upsOutputSource values of + none(2), normal(3), battery(5). The upsOutputSource value + of other(1) may be used to represent transient states." + +OBJECT upsOutputFrequency +DESCRIPTION + "The upsOutputFrequency object MAY be supported." + +OBJECT upsOutputNumLines +DESCRIPTION + "The upsOutputNumLines object specifies the number of output + lines utilized in this eDOCSIS device. + For example, for an eDOCSIS E-MTA devices with both the eCM + and eMTA attached to the UPS, this object value must be 2." + +OBJECT upsOutputVoltage +DESCRIPTION + "The upsOutputVoltage object MAY be supported." + +-- upsBasicAlarmGroup OBJECT-GROUP +-- OBJECTS { upsAlarmsPresent, upsAlarmDescr, upsAlarmTime } + +OBJECT upsAlarmsPresent -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "The upsAlarmsPresent object indicates the current number of + active alarm conditions." + +OBJECT upsAlarmDescr +DESCRIPTION + "The following well known alarm types MUST be supported by + the Cable UPS capable devices: + upsAlarmBatteryBad, + upsAlarmOnBattery, + upsAlarmLowBattery, + upsAlarmDepletedBattery, + upsAlarmOutputOffAsRequested, + upsAlarmUpsOutputOff, + " + +``` + +``` + + upsAlarmGeneralFault, + upsAlarmAwaitingPower, + upsAlarmShutdownPending, + and upsAlarmShutdownImminent." + +OBJECT upsAlarmTime -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "The upsAlarmTime object indicates the value of sysUpTime + when the alarm condition was detected." + +-- upsBasicControlGroup OBJECT-GROUP +-- OBJECTS { upsShutdownType, upsShutdownAfterDelay, +-- upsStartupAfterDelay, upsRebootWithDuration, +-- upsAutoRestart } + +OBJECT upsShutdownType +SYNTAX INTEGER { + output(1) + } +DESCRIPTION + "The upsShutdownType object defines the nature of the action + to be taken at the time when the countdown of the + upsShutdownAfterDelay and upsRebootWithDuration object + values reach zero. + The support for the upsShutdownType value system is not + required (for Cable compliant devices, a system shutdown or + reset can be achieved using other mechanisms." + +OBJECT upsStartupAfterDelay +SYNTAX INTEGER (-1..604800) -- max range is 7 days or 604800 s +DESCRIPTION + "The upsStartupAfterDelay MUST be supported. + The Cable devices capable of support battery backup and UPS + functionality MUST support a maximum upsStartupAfterDelay + value of 604800 seconds, equivalent to 7 days." + +OBJECT upsRebootWithDuration -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "The upsRebootWithDuration controls a reboot procedure with + a countdown. It also indicates whether a reboot procedure + is in progress and the number of seconds remaining in the + countdown." + +OBJECT upsAutoRestart -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "The upsAutoRestart is only applicable for UPS system shutdown; + it MAY be supported." + +-- upsBasicConfigGroup OBJECT-GROUP +-- OBJECTS { upsConfigInputVoltage, upsConfigInputFreq, +-- upsConfigOutputVoltage, upsConfigOutputFreq, +-- upsConfigOutputVA, upsConfigOutputPower, +-- upsConfigLowBattTime, upsConfigAudibleStatus } + +OBJECT upsConfigInputVoltage +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigInputVoltage MAY be supported." + +OBJECT upsConfigInputFreq +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigInputFreq MAY be supported." + +``` + +``` + +OBJECT upsConfigOutputVoltage +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigOutputVoltage MAY be supported." + +OBJECT upsConfigOutputFreq +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigOutputFreq MAY be supported." + +OBJECT upsConfigOutputVA +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigOutputVA MAY be supported." + +OBJECT upsConfigOutputPower +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigOutputPower MAY be supported." + +OBJECT upsConfigLowBattTime -- same as RFC 1628 +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigLowBattTime specifies the value of + upsEstimatedMinutesRemaining at which a lowBattery + condition is declared. + Implementation of all possible values may be onerous for + some systems. Consequently, not all possible values must be + supported. However, at least two different + manufacturer-selected values for upsConfigLowBattTime MUST + be supported." + +OBJECT upsConfigAudibleStatus +DESCRIPTION + "The upsConfigAudibleStatus MAY be supported." + + ::= { clabUpsCompliances 1 } + + + Units of conformance for Cable UPS capable devices + Adapted from RFC 1628, a column was added for CableLabs + devices. An 'x' in the column means the object MUST be + supported; all the rest is optional and left for vendor + decision. + + Summary at a glance: + +``` + +| COMPLIANCE GROUP | subset | basic | adv | CLAB-UPS | +|-----------------------------------------------------|--------|-------|-----|----------| +| | | | | MUST | +| upsIdentManufacturer
upsSubsetIdentGroup | x | x | x | x | +| upsIdentModel
upsSubsetIdentGroup | x | x | x | x | +| upsIdentUPSSoftwareVersion | | x | x | | +| upsIdentAgentSoftwareVersion
upsSubsetIdentGroup | x | x | x | x | +| upsIdentName
upsSubsetIdentGroup | x | x | x | x | +| upsIdentAttachedDevices
upsSubsetIdentGroup | x | | x | x | +| upsBatteryStatus
upsFullBatteryGroup | x | x | x | x | +| upsSecondsOnBattery
upsFullBatteryGroup | x | x | x | x | + +| | | | | | +|--------------------------------|---|---|---|---| +| --upsEstimatedMinutesRemaining | | | x | x | +| upsFullBatteryGroup | | | | | +| --upsEstimatedChargeRemaining | | | x | x | +| upsFullBatteryGroup | | | | | +| --upsBatteryVoltage | | | | | +| --upsBatteryCurrent | | | | | +| --upsBatteryTemperature | | | | | +| -- | | | | | +| --upsInputLineBads | x | x | x | | +| --upsInputNumLines | | x | x | x | +| upsBasicInputGroup | | | | | +| --upsInputFrequency | | x | x | | +| --upsInputVoltage | | x | x | | +| --upsInputCurrent | | | | | +| --upsInputTruePower | | | | | +| -- | | | | | +| --upsOutputSource | x | x | x | x | +| upsBasicOutputGroup | | | | | +| --upsOutputFrequency | | x | x | | +| --upsOutputNumLines | | x | x | x | +| upsBasicOutputGroup | | | | | +| --upsOutputVoltage | | x | x | | +| --upsOutputCurrent | | | x | | +| --upsOutputPower | | | x | | +| --upsOutputPercentLoad | | | x | | +| -- | | | | | +| -- | | | | | +| --upsBypassFrequency | | x | x | | +| --upsBypassNumLines | | x | x | | +| --upsBypassVoltage | | x | x | | +| --upsBypassCurrent | | | | | +| --upsBypassPower | | | | | +| -- | | | | | +| -- | | | | | +| --upsAlarmsPresent | x | x | x | x | +| upsBasicAlarmGroup | | | | | +| --upsAlarmDescr | x | x | x | x | +| upsBasicAlarmGroup | | | | | +| --upsAlarmTime | x | x | x | x | +| upsBasicAlarmGroup | | | | | +| -- | | | | | +| --upsTestId | | x | x | | +| --upsTestSpinLock | | x | x | | +| --upsTestResultsSummary | | x | x | | +| --upsTestResultsDetail | | x | x | | +| --upsTestStartTime | | x | x | | +| --upsTestElapsedTime | | x | x | | +| -- | | | | | +| --upsShutdownType | x | x | x | x | +| upsBasicControlGroup | | | | | +| --upsShutdownAfterDelay | x | x | x | x | +| upsBasicControlGroup | | | | | +| --upsStartupAfterDelay | | x | x | x | +| upsBasicControlGroup | | | | | +| --upsRebootWithDuration | | x | x | x | +| upsBasicControlGroup | | | | | + +| | | | | +|--------------------------|---|---|---| +| --upsAutoRestart | x | x | x | +| -- | | | | +| --upsConfigInputVoltage | x | x | x | +| --upsConfigInputFreq | x | x | x | +| --upsConfigOutputVoltage | x | x | x | +| --upsConfigOutputFreq | x | x | x | +| --upsConfigOutputVA | x | x | x | +| --upsConfigOutputPower | x | x | x | + +--upsConfigLowBattTime + +x + +upsBasicConfigGroup + +END + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.240-200406-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.240-200406-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8f7ace2616b377403ef7fe69674c6823d11a7cc6 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.240-200406-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,440 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.240** + +(06/2004) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Measurement of the quality of service + +--- + +**Framework for remote monitoring of transmitted +picture signal-to-noise ratio using +spread-spectrum and orthogonal transform** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.240 + +--- + + + +# **ITU-T Recommendation J.240** + +# **Framework for remote monitoring of transmitted picture signal-to-noise ratio using spread-spectrum and orthogonal transform** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation presents an effective framework for remote monitoring of video quality for contribution and primary distribution of digital television transmission. In this framework, image features are extracted at each link point in the transmission chain using spread-spectrum and orthogonal transform. The extracted image features, i.e., coefficients, are transmitted to the central monitoring room by data circuit that is separated from the video transmission circuit and picture quality is estimated by comparing the coefficients. + +A framework for extracting the coefficients is presented below. An example of coefficient extraction suitable for PSNR estimation is described in Appendix I. The theoretical background for PSNR estimation and the simulation results showing the effectiveness of this framework are also described in Appendix I. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.240 was approved on 29 June 2004 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2001-2004) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2004 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 Normative reference ..... | 1 | +| 2.2 Informative references..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 1 | +| 5 Picture quality monitoring based on transform coefficients extraction..... | 2 | +| 5.1 Configuration of transmission chain ..... | 2 | +| 5.2 Extraction of image feature ..... | 3 | +| 5.3 Clipping, rounding and coding of coefficients ..... | 4 | +| 5.4 Additional information ..... | 4 | +| 5.5 PSNR estimation ..... | 4 | +| Appendix I – Implementation example..... | 6 | +| I.1 Feature extraction ..... | 6 | +| I.2 Coding of coefficients ..... | 6 | +| I.3 MSE calculation ..... | 6 | +| I.4 Theoretical backgrounds ..... | 7 | +| I.5 Performances ..... | 8 | + + + +# ITU-T Recommendation J.240 + +## Framework for remote monitoring of transmitted picture signal-to-noise ratio using spread-spectrum and orthogonal transform + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation presents a framework for automatic remote picture quality monitoring. The proposed framework extracts transform coefficients of the transmitted picture and transmits them to the monitoring operator by an additional data circuit. As the coefficients extraction and transmission is performed separately from the mainstream video transmission, this framework does not affect the quality of transmitted video and thus this is applicable for monitoring video transmission that requires high quality such as contribution and primary distribution. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative reference + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- ITU-T Recommendation J.143 (2000), *User requirements for objective perceptual video quality measurements in digital cable television*. + +## 2.2 Informative references + +- ITU-T Recommendation J.144 (2004), *Objective perceptual video quality measurement techniques for digital cable television in the presence of a full reference*. +- ITU-T Recommendation J.147 (2002), *Objective picture quality measurement method by use of in-service test signals*. +- ITU-R Recommendation BT.656-4 (1998), *Interfaces for digital component video signals in 525-line and 625-line television systems operating at the 4:2:2 level of Recommendation ITU-R BT.601 (Part A)*. + +# 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +- 3.1 **node**: Link point in the transmission chain. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|------|----------------------------| +| DEC | Decoder | +| ENC | Encoder | +| OT | Orthogonal Transform | +| PSNR | Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio | + +SS Spread Spectrum + +WHT Walsh-Hadamard Transform + +# 5 Picture quality monitoring based on transform coefficients extraction + +## 5.1 Configuration of transmission chain + +Configuration of the assumed transmission chain is shown in Figure 1. It is assumed that baseband signal is present at each edge (nodes 0 and 1) of the video transmission circuit in which coding and decoding equipment are included. + +The video signal branches away from the mainstream at nodes 0 and 1 and the branched signals are put into a feature extractor. The extracted feature information is transmitted to a PSNR estimator via a data circuit that is separated from the video transmission circuit. The PSNR estimator measures the transmission quality PSNR using feature information at each node. + +![Figure 1/J.240 – Basic configuration diagram showing video transmission and feature extraction paths.](5860ad6bd2a2dd8d1ab12864b8f90f37_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the basic configuration for picture quality monitoring. A 'Source video' enters from the left at 'Node 0'. The main path continues through a 'Video transmission' block to 'Node 1', where the 'Received video' exits to the right. At both Node 0 and Node 1, the signal is branched off into a 'Feature extractor' block. The outputs of these two feature extractors are then connected to a 'PSNR estimator' block. The PSNR estimator is further connected to a 'Monitoring terminal' block. A legend at the bottom left indicates that thick arrows represent 'Video transmission' and thin arrows represent 'Image feature transmission (Data transmission)'. The label 'J.240\_F01' is located near the Monitoring terminal block. + +Figure 1/J.240 – Basic configuration diagram showing video transmission and feature extraction paths. + +**Figure 1/J.240 – Basic configuration** + +Although Figure 1 is configured for monitoring a single link, this can be extended to monitoring of a transmission chain by cascading the single link as shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, feature extractors are connected at each node of the transmission chain and the feature information is transmitted to the PSNR estimator. At the PSNR estimator, feature information of two nodes between which transmission quality is monitored is selected and PSNR is estimated using the selected feature information. + +![Figure 2/J.240 – Transmission chain monitoring. The diagram shows a video transmission chain with nodes Node 0, Node 1, Node i, and Node L. At each node, the video is processed through an ENC (Encoder) and a DEC (Decoder) block. A 'Feature extractor' is connected to each node's output. The extracted features are transmitted via a separate path (indicated by a thin line) to a 'PSNR estimator' block. The PSNR estimator outputs 'Picture quality'. The main video transmission path (indicated by a thick line) starts at 'Source video' and ends at 'Received video'. A label 'J.240_F02' is present near the bottom right. A legend at the bottom left indicates that thick lines represent 'Video transmission' and thin lines represent 'Image feature transmission (Data transmission)'.](ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg) + +Figure 2/J.240 – Transmission chain monitoring. The diagram shows a video transmission chain with nodes Node 0, Node 1, Node i, and Node L. At each node, the video is processed through an ENC (Encoder) and a DEC (Decoder) block. A 'Feature extractor' is connected to each node's output. The extracted features are transmitted via a separate path (indicated by a thin line) to a 'PSNR estimator' block. The PSNR estimator outputs 'Picture quality'. The main video transmission path (indicated by a thick line) starts at 'Source video' and ends at 'Received video'. A label 'J.240\_F02' is present near the bottom right. A legend at the bottom left indicates that thick lines represent 'Video transmission' and thin lines represent 'Image feature transmission (Data transmission)'. + +**Figure 2/J.240 – Transmission chain monitoring** + +## 5.2 Extraction of image feature + +The image feature is extracted in each pixel block after dividing the input image into blocks of size $N_x \times N_y$ . When the number of pixels in horizontal and vertical direction is not equal to the multiple of $N_x$ and $N_y$ respectively, additional pixels with a middle pixel value are padded to make the number of pixels equal to $N_x$ and $N_y$ . + +Figure 3 shows the operation for extracting the image feature. The image feature is obtained by the combination of the spread spectrum and orthogonal transform. Let $x_f^{(b)}(n)$ and $s_{PN}^{(b)}(n)$ denote the input signal of block $b$ in frame $f$ and PN sequence of block $b$ respectively, where $n$ is the index of pixels. Then, the image feature $R_f[b]$ is obtained as follows using orthogonal transform $OT$ : + +$$R_f[b] = \text{Amp}\{X_f^{(b)}[k_0]\} \quad (1)$$ + +$$X_f^{(b)}[k] = (SSOT)\{x_f^{(b)}(n)\} \equiv OT\{x_f^{(b)}(n)s_{PN}^{(b)}(n)\} \quad (2)$$ + +where $SSOT$ stands for Spread Spectrum and Orthogonal Transform, $\text{Amp}[Z]$ for the amplitude component of $Z$ , and $k_0$ for the position of the extracted coefficient. + +$R_f[b]$ can also be defined as follows applying inverse orthogonal transform $OT^{-1}$ after multiplying another PN sequence $s_{PN2}$ : + +$$R_f[b] = \text{Amp}\{y_f^{(b)}[n_0]\} \quad (3)$$ + +$$y_f^{(b)}[n] = (SSOT_2)\{x_f^{(b)}(n)\} \equiv OT^{-1}\{X_f^{(b)}(k)s_{PN2}^{(b)}(k)\} \quad (4)$$ + +where $n_0$ is the position of the extracted coefficient (in this case, pixel). This second implementation strengthens the effectiveness of spread spectrum by randomizing the spatial domain in addition to the frequency domain. + +![Figure 3/J.240 – Operation in feature extractor. The diagram shows a signal processing pipeline. An input signal x_f^{(b)}(n) is summed with a PN sequence S_{PN1}^{(b)}(n) and then passed through an 'Orthogonal transform'. The output is summed with another PN sequence S_{PN2}^{(b)}(n) and passed through an 'Inverse orthogonal transform'. The result is processed by 'Choose one coef. and calculate amplitude' to produce R_f[b]. This is followed by 'Clipping, rounding and coding' to produce C_f[b]. A 'Current time t_0' is processed by 'Generate timecode' to produce T[f] = t_0. Finally, C_f[b] and T[f] are multiplexed by a 'MUX' (labeled J.240_F03) to produce the output C_f[b], T[f].](a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + X["xf(b)(n)"] --> Sum1(("+")) + S1["SPN(b)(n)"] --> Sum1 + Sum1 --> OT["Orthogonal +transform"] + OT --> Sum2(("+")) + S2["SPN2(b)(n)"] --> Sum2 + Sum2 --> IOT["Inverse +orthogonal +transform"] + IOT --> Choose["Choose one coef. +and +calculate amplitude"] + Choose -->|Rf[b]| CRC["Clipping, rounding +and +coding"] + CRC -->|Cf[b]| MUX["MUX"] + Time["Current time t0"] --> GT["Generate +timecode"] + GT -->|T[f] = t0| MUX + MUX --> Out["Cf[b], T[f]"] + style MUX fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style CRC fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style Choose fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style IOT fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style OT fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style GT fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + +``` + +Figure 3/J.240 – Operation in feature extractor. The diagram shows a signal processing pipeline. An input signal x\_f^{(b)}(n) is summed with a PN sequence S\_{PN1}^{(b)}(n) and then passed through an 'Orthogonal transform'. The output is summed with another PN sequence S\_{PN2}^{(b)}(n) and passed through an 'Inverse orthogonal transform'. The result is processed by 'Choose one coef. and calculate amplitude' to produce R\_f[b]. This is followed by 'Clipping, rounding and coding' to produce C\_f[b]. A 'Current time t\_0' is processed by 'Generate timecode' to produce T[f] = t\_0. Finally, C\_f[b] and T[f] are multiplexed by a 'MUX' (labeled J.240\_F03) to produce the output C\_f[b], T[f]. + +**Figure 3/J.240 – Operation in feature extractor** + +As for PN sequence, different sequences can be used for each block. But the same PN sequences must be used at all nodes in the transmission chain for each block in the picture. This is a mandatory requisite for synchronization between nodes, which is described in 5.3. + +## 5.3 Clipping, rounding and coding of coefficients + +The extracted coefficient $R_f[b]$ is outputted to the data circuit. As $R_f[b]$ is generally a real number, clipping and rounding are applied to $R_f[b]$ in order to express the coefficient by limited bit length. Compression coding may be applied optionally for data compression provided that the probability distribution of $R_f[b]$ is biased and thus the amount of information is expected to be reduced. All coded coefficients in a frame or field are packed and data is outputted. + +## 5.4 Additional information + +As additional information for the PSNR estimator, time information $T[f]$ can be outputted at the feature extractor. Time information describes the correspondence of the frame or field number with the output time of the coefficients, which is multiplexed with coded coefficients $C_f[b]$ at the final stage of the feature extractor. When a timecode such as LTC and VITC is available, the timecode can be transmitted instead of output time. This is used for delay adjustment of image features in the PSNR Estimator. + +## 5.5 PSNR estimation + +The operation in the PSNR Estimator is shown in Figure 4. First, multiplexed information sent from two nodes which are located at each edge of the monitored link is demultiplexed and coded coefficients $C_0[b]$ , $C_1[b]$ and time information $T_0[f]$ , $T_1[f]$ are obtained. When the order of arrival of the coefficients and the time information does not conform to the order of output at the feature extractor, the received information have to be sorted to ensure that the coefficients and the time information are arranged in frame number order. + +Next, in case the coefficients are coded, decoding them is applied and coefficients $D_0[b]$ and $D_1[b]$ are obtained. Then delay between two nodes is adjusted using the coefficients and the time information $T_0[f]$ and $T_1[f]$ . + +![Figure 4/J.240 – Operations in PSNR estimator. The diagram shows two input paths. The top path is '(From Node 0) C_0[b], T_0[f]' entering a 'DMUX' block, which outputs C_0[b] and T_0[f]. C_0[b] is processed by 'Decoding C_0[b]' to produce D_0[b]. The bottom path is '(From Node 1) C_1[b], T_1[f]' entering a 'DMUX' block, which outputs C_1[b] and T_1[f]. C_1[b] is processed by 'Decoding C_1[b]' to produce D_1[b]. D_0[b], D_1[b], T_0[f], and T_1[f] are all inputs to a 'Delay adjustment' block. The output of this block is processed by 'F(D_0[b], D_1[b])' (labeled J.240_F04) to produce the final output 'MSE PSNR'.](b0211cee4b20034939d883ac0d70f696_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + Node0["(From Node 0) +C0f[b], T0[f]"] --> DMUX0["DMUX"] + DMUX0 -->|C0f[b]| Dec0["Decoding C0f[b]"] + DMUX0 -->|T0[f]| DA["Delay +adjustment"] + Dec0 -->|D0f[b]| DA + + Node1["(From Node 1) +C1f[b], T1[f]"] --> DMUX1["DMUX"] + DMUX1 -->|C1f[b]| Dec1["Decoding C1f[b]"] + DMUX1 -->|T1[f]| DA + Dec1 -->|D1f[b]| DA + + DA --> F["F(D0f[b], D1f[b])"] + F --> Out["MSE +PSNR"] + + style DMUX0 fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style DMUX1 fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style Dec0 fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style Dec1 fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style DA fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + style F fill:#fff,stroke:#000 + +``` + +Figure 4/J.240 – Operations in PSNR estimator. The diagram shows two input paths. The top path is '(From Node 0) C\_0[b], T\_0[f]' entering a 'DMUX' block, which outputs C\_0[b] and T\_0[f]. C\_0[b] is processed by 'Decoding C\_0[b]' to produce D\_0[b]. The bottom path is '(From Node 1) C\_1[b], T\_1[f]' entering a 'DMUX' block, which outputs C\_1[b] and T\_1[f]. C\_1[b] is processed by 'Decoding C\_1[b]' to produce D\_1[b]. D\_0[b], D\_1[b], T\_0[f], and T\_1[f] are all inputs to a 'Delay adjustment' block. The output of this block is processed by 'F(D\_0[b], D\_1[b])' (labeled J.240\_F04) to produce the final output 'MSE PSNR'. + +**Figure 4/J.240 – Operations in PSNR estimator** + +The necessity for delay adjustment is shown in Figure 5. There is a video transmission delay $d_V$ between two nodes and data transmission delay $d_{C0}$ and $d_{C1}$ between each node and the PSNR estimator. The coefficients of the frame "F1" that is displayed on time $t_1$ on the transmission side arrives at the PSNR estimator on time $t_1 + d_{C0}$ from Node 0 and $t_1 + d_V + d_{C1}$ from Node 1 respectively. Thus, arrival time of the coefficients of two nodes is generally different and thus it is not guaranteed that the coefficients for the same frame arrive at the PSNR estimator simultaneously from two nodes. Further, some transmission procedures of the data circuit do not ensure that the order of the coefficients reception is the same as the transmission order (i.e., frame number order). Therefore, it is meaningless to compare the coefficients that arrive at the PSNR estimator at the same time from two nodes. The PSNR estimator should synchronize the coefficients from two nodes at the "delay adjustment" block after sorting the coefficients in transmission order at DMUX output. Time information $T_0[f]$ and $T_1[f]$ can be utilized for this purpose. + +![Figure 5/J.240 – Delay adjustments between nodes. The diagram illustrates the timing of video frames and their coefficients as they travel from a source video through two nodes (Node 0 and Node 1) to a PSNR estimator. On the left, a 'Source Video' shows frames F0, F1, F2, F3 at time t1. A 'Video transmission delay : d_V' is shown between Node 0 and Node 1. On the right, the 'Received Video' shows the same frames at time t1 + d_V. Below the video timeline, a 'PSNR estimator' block receives coefficients from both nodes. From Node 0, coefficients arrive at t1 + d_C0. From Node 1, coefficients arrive at t1 + d_V + d_C1. The diagram shows two rows of coefficients within the PSNR estimator: the top row (from Node 1) has 'Coefficients of Frame F0', 'Coefficients of Frame F1', 'Coefficients of Frame F2' arriving at t1 + d_V + d_C1; the bottom row (from Node 0) has 'Coefficients of Frame F0', 'Coefficients of Frame F1', 'Coefficients of Frame F2' arriving at t1 + d_C0. Arrows indicate the flow from source video to nodes, then to feature extractors, and finally to the PSNR estimator. Labels include 'Source Video', 'Received Video', 'Node 0', 'Node 1', 'Transmission', 'Feature extractor', 'PSNR estimator', and 'J.240_F05'.](5b4e774d63e0e0ed73801a9247755e5f_img.jpg) + +Figure 5/J.240 – Delay adjustments between nodes. The diagram illustrates the timing of video frames and their coefficients as they travel from a source video through two nodes (Node 0 and Node 1) to a PSNR estimator. On the left, a 'Source Video' shows frames F0, F1, F2, F3 at time t1. A 'Video transmission delay : d\_V' is shown between Node 0 and Node 1. On the right, the 'Received Video' shows the same frames at time t1 + d\_V. Below the video timeline, a 'PSNR estimator' block receives coefficients from both nodes. From Node 0, coefficients arrive at t1 + d\_C0. From Node 1, coefficients arrive at t1 + d\_V + d\_C1. The diagram shows two rows of coefficients within the PSNR estimator: the top row (from Node 1) has 'Coefficients of Frame F0', 'Coefficients of Frame F1', 'Coefficients of Frame F2' arriving at t1 + d\_V + d\_C1; the bottom row (from Node 0) has 'Coefficients of Frame F0', 'Coefficients of Frame F1', 'Coefficients of Frame F2' arriving at t1 + d\_C0. Arrows indicate the flow from source video to nodes, then to feature extractors, and finally to the PSNR estimator. Labels include 'Source Video', 'Received Video', 'Node 0', 'Node 1', 'Transmission', 'Feature extractor', 'PSNR estimator', and 'J.240\_F05'. + +**Figure 5/J.240 – Delay adjustments between nodes** + +After synchronizing the coefficients, the degradation of picture quality caused by video transmission is calculated using the coefficients $D_{0f}[b]$ and $D_{1f}[b]$ . Let MSE denote the degradation. It can be expressed as follows: + +$$\text{MSE} = \text{Average}(D_{0f}[b] - D_{1f}[b])^2 \quad (5)$$ + +PSNR is derived from MSE as follows: + +$$\text{PSNR} = 20 \log_{10} \sqrt{\frac{255^2}{\text{MSE}}} \quad (6)$$ + +By repeating the above procedure in all frames, the picture quality of the link between Node 0 and Node 1 can be obtained. When PSNR is to be used for subjective quality estimates, it is important to use cropped PSNR, i.e., PSNR calculated using video regions that are active in both the source and the processed video. It is the cropped PSNR that will correlate most highly with the subjective quality ratings. + +# Appendix I + +## Implementation example + +### I.1 Feature extraction + +Walsh-Hadamard Transform (WHT) is applied as an orthogonal transform for image feature extraction. The parameters for the feature extractor is $N_x = N_y = 8$ , and the inverse transform is included. Thus, the extracted coefficient $R[b]$ is derived as follows: + +$$R[b] = x_{SSS}^{(b)}(n_0) \quad (I-1)$$ + +$$x_{SSS}^{(b)}(n) = WHT^{-1} \left[ WHT \left\{ x^{(b)}(n) s_{PN}^{(b)}(n) \right\} s_{PN2}^{(b)}(n) \right] \quad (I-2)$$ + +### I.2 Coding of coefficients + +Details of coding the coefficients are presented below. When the feature extraction scheme shown above is applied to 8-bit/pixel input signal, the coefficient $R[b]$ finally has 15-bit length as shown in Figure I.1 (bit length theoretically increases by $\log_2 \sqrt{N_x N_y}$ for $N_x \times N_y$ WHT because transform coefficients are scaled by $\sqrt{N_x N_y}$ when $N_x \times N_y$ WHT is applied). + +![Block diagram of the feature extractor showing the increase in bit length. The input x^{(b)}(n) (8 bits) is multiplied by s_{PN}^{(b)}(n) to produce a 9-bit signal. This is then processed by a WHT block to produce a 12-bit signal. This 12-bit signal is multiplied by s_{PN2}^{(b)}(n) to produce a 15-bit signal, which is then processed by a WHT^{-1} block (labeled J.240_F1.1) to produce the final output R[b] (15 bits).](78ffccd66df9bafd96e3e081110d09dd_img.jpg) + +Block diagram of the feature extractor showing the increase in bit length. The input x^{(b)}(n) (8 bits) is multiplied by s\_{PN}^{(b)}(n) to produce a 9-bit signal. This is then processed by a WHT block to produce a 12-bit signal. This 12-bit signal is multiplied by s\_{PN2}^{(b)}(n) to produce a 15-bit signal, which is then processed by a WHT^{-1} block (labeled J.240\_F1.1) to produce the final output R[b] (15 bits). + +Figure I.1/J.240 – Increase of bit length in feature extractor + +Assuming that the video signal format is $720 \times 480$ , 30 fps, the required bandwidth for the reference path will be $\frac{720 \times 480}{8 \times 8} \times 15 \times 30 = 2430000$ [bit/s]. However, this is not a practical rate and thus quantization is applied to reduce the bit length of $R[b]$ . For example, when $R[b]$ is quantized to 8 bit, the bit rate of the coefficients becomes $\frac{720 \times 480}{8 \times 8} \times 8 \times 30 = 1296000$ [bit/s], which is almost half the bit rate than when using 15 bits. If further bit-rate reduction is required, enlargement of block size for feature extraction (i.e., $N_x$ and $N_y$ ) and spatial decimation of coefficients can be applied. + +### I.3 MSE calculation + +Equation I-4 only defines the use of a certain function using coefficients from two nodes. However, in a typical application, MSE is derived by the following equation: + +$$MSE = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} (D_i[b] - D_j[b])^2 / N_b / scale \quad (I-3)$$ + +where $N_b$ and *scale* denote the number of blocks in the frame and the scale factor that depends on the block size for feature extraction and the number of quantization bits for $R_j[b]$ . + +### I.4 Theoretical backgrounds + +In this clause, the theoretical model of PSNR estimation based on the comparison of coefficients is shown below. Note that the inverse orthogonal transform is not included in this clause for simplicity. + +Let $x^{(b)}(n)$ and $x'^{(b)}(n)$ denote the pixel value of the source and received picture of block $b$ respectively. Then, the MSE of a field in the received picture can be expressed as follows: + +$$MSE = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} \sum_{n=0}^{N_p-1} [x^{(b)}(n) - x'^{(b)}(n)]^2 / (N_p N_b) \quad (I-4)$$ + +where $N_b$ shows the number of blocks in the field and $N_p$ shows the number of pixels in a block, respectively. Next, let $s_{PN}^{(b)}(n)$ denote the PN sequence of the block and spread spectrum of $x^{(b)}(n)$ and $x'^{(b)}(n)$ . Then the MSE can be written as follows because $[s_{PN}^{(b)}(n)]^2 = 1$ : + +$$MSE = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} \sum_{n=0}^{N_p-1} [x^{(b)}(n) \cdot s_{PN}^{(b)}(n) - x'^{(b)}(n) \cdot s_{PN}^{(b)}(n)]^2 / (N_p N_b) \quad (I-5)$$ + +From Parseval's equation, Equation I-5 can be modified as follows: + +$$MSE = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} \sum_{k=0}^{N_p-1} |X_{SS}^{(b)}[k] - X'_{SS}^{(b)}[k]|^2 / (N_p N_b) = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} \sum_{k=0}^{N_p-1} |E_{SS}^{(b)}[k]|^2 / (N_p N_b) \quad (I-6)$$ + +where $X_{SS}^{(b)}[k]$ and $X'_{SS}^{(b)}[k]$ denote the spread spectrum of $x^{(b)}(n)$ and $x'^{(b)}(n)$ respectively, and $E_{SS}^{(b)}[k]$ can be expressed as $E_{SS}^{(b)}[k] = X_{SS}^{(b)}[k] - X'_{SS}^{(b)}[k]$ . + +From Equation I-6, since $X'_{SS}^{(b)}[k]$ can be obtained from the received picture, it is confirmed that MSE can be calculated by transmitting frequency components of the spread spectrum of the pictures. However, in this coefficient transmission method, all frequency components cannot be transmitted because of the bandwidth restriction of the reference data link. Therefore, this implementation method assumes transmission of only one component per block. When we denote $k_0$ as the frequency component to be transmitted, the power of frequency component $k_0$ can be expressed as follows: + +$$|E_{SS}^{(b)}[k_0]|^2 = \sum_{k=0}^{N_p-1} |E_{SS}^{(b)}[k]|^2 / N_p + D^{(b)}[k_0] \quad (I-7)$$ + +In the above equation, if the spectrum of the source picture is spread uniformly, we can obtain $D^{(b)}[k] = 0$ . However, the actual distribution of $|E_{SS}^{(b)}[k]|^2$ has a certain dispersion from the mean power in the block since frequency components of the spread spectrum has randomness. Then, the following equation is derived by applying Equation I-7 to Equation I-6: + +$$MSE = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} \left( |E_{SS}^{(b)}[k_0]|^2 - D^{(b)}[k_0] \right) / N_b = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} |E_{SS}^{(b)}[k_0]|^2 / N_b - \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} D^{(b)}[k_0] / N_b \quad (I-8)$$ + +Further, as a characteristic of the spread spectrum, we assume that the dispersion $D^{(b)}[k_0]$ is balanced between the blocks in the frame, i.e., $\sum_b D^{(b)}[k_0] \approx 0$ . Then, MSE can be approximated as follows: + +$$MSE \cong \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} |E_{SS}^{(b)}[k_0]|^2 / N_b \quad (I-9)$$ + +Equation I-9 shows that MSE can be estimated by transmitting only one frequency component using the characteristics of the spread spectrum. Finally, by applying $X_{ss}^{(b)}[k] = A^{(b)}[k]e^{j\theta[k]}$ and $X'_{ss}^{(b)}[k] = A'^{(b)}[k]e^{j\theta[k]}$ assuming $\theta \approx \theta'$ (the phase component is hardly affected by transmission degradation), Equation I-9 can be expressed as follows: + +$$MSE = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} |(A^{(b)}[k_0] - A'^{(b)}[k_0])e^{j\theta[k_0]}|^2 / N_b = \sum_{b=0}^{N_b-1} |A^{(b)}[k_0] - A'^{(b)}[k_0]|^2 / N_b \quad (I-10)$$ + +Equation I-10 implies that estimated MSE can be finally expressed by difference of the amplitude components of the coefficients. In case of WHT, no complex numbers are included, so that the theory becomes much simpler. + +## 1.5 Performances + +Six SDTV test sequences were coded by MPEG-2 TM5 at four bit rates and the PSNR of the decoded picture is measured. WHT is used as orthogonal transform and inverse transform is also utilized. Four bit rates for the reference data link were examined. Furthermore, as a comparison method, PSNR measurement without spread spectrum was also examined. The experimental conditions are presented in detail in Table I.1. + +**Table I.1/J.240 – Experimental conditions** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Test Sequence | Cheerleaders, Flamingoes, Green Leaves, Marching in, Mobile and Calendar, Soccer Action | +| Video format | 704 × 480, 30 fps, 4:2:2 | +| Codec | MPEG-2 Test Model 5 | +| Bit length for transmitted coefficient | 10 bit/sample | +| Coding bit rate | 45, 22.5, 11.25, 5.125 Mbit/s | +| Block size (corresponding bit rate for reference data link) | 8 × 8 (1584 kbit/s), 16 × 8 (792 kbit/s), 16 × 16 (396 kbit/s), 32 × 16 (198 kbit/s) | + +Figure I.2 and Table I.2 present the experimental results. The PSNR estimation error shows the average estimation error of 24 sequences (6 titles × 4 bit rates). The method with a spread spectrum has over 100 times as small estimation error as the comparison method and these show that application of the spread spectrum is very effective for PSNR estimation. + +**Table I.2/J.240 – Experimental results** + +| Bit rate of reference path [kbit/s] | PSNR estimation error [dB] | | +|-------------------------------------|----------------------------|------------| +| | with SS | without SS | +| 1584 | 8.33E-04 | 5.77E+00 | +| 792 | 1.36E-03 | 5.64E+00 | +| 396 | 1.91E-03 | 5.70E+00 | +| 198 | 3.05E-03 | 5.92E+00 | +| 106 | 1.52E-02 | 6.90E+00 | +| 53 | 3.14E-02 | 6.96E+00 | + +![A log-log plot comparing estimation accuracy for two methods: 'Without SS' and 'With SS'. The y-axis is 'Estimation Error [dB^2](Std. Dev [dB])' ranging from 0.001 to 10. The x-axis is 'Rate for monitoring link [kbit/s]' ranging from 100 to 1000. The 'Without SS' method shows a constant error of approximately 3.2 dB^2. The 'With SS' method shows a decreasing error as the rate increases, starting at approximately 0.03 dB^2 at 100 kbit/s and reaching approximately 0.001 dB^2 at 1000 kbit/s.](71ab4df17511d75261da8d462d643b1a_img.jpg) + +| Rate for monitoring link [kbit/s] | Without SS [dB 2 ] | With SS [dB 2 ] | +|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------| +| 100 | ~3.2 | ~0.03 | +| ~150 | ~3.2 | ~0.015 | +| ~250 | ~3.2 | ~0.004 | +| ~400 | ~3.2 | ~0.002 | +| ~600 | ~3.2 | ~0.001 | +| 1000 | ~3.2 | ~0.0005 | + +A log-log plot comparing estimation accuracy for two methods: 'Without SS' and 'With SS'. The y-axis is 'Estimation Error [dB^2](Std. Dev [dB])' ranging from 0.001 to 10. The x-axis is 'Rate for monitoring link [kbit/s]' ranging from 100 to 1000. The 'Without SS' method shows a constant error of approximately 3.2 dB^2. The 'With SS' method shows a decreasing error as the rate increases, starting at approximately 0.03 dB^2 at 100 kbit/s and reaching approximately 0.001 dB^2 at 1000 kbit/s. + +**Figure I.2/J.240 – Comparison of estimation accuracy** + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and Next Generation Networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.241-200504-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.241-200504-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0dffe0e74e9b3215b3bcfa306690e9553b15d213 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.241-200504-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,417 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.241** + +(04/2005) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Measurement of the quality of service + +--- + +**Quality of service ranking and measurement +methods for digital video services delivered +over broadband IP networks** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.241 + + + +# **ITU-T Recommendation J.241** + +# **Quality of service ranking and measurement methods for digital video services delivered over broadband IP networks** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies performance requirements and objective measuring methods of QoS for the delivery of digital video services over broadband IP networks. The specified performance requirements are based on an IP QoS ranking at various levels, from "excellent" to "out-of-service". They rely on the objective end-to-end measurement of the values of a small number of parameters on the delivered IP streams, performed at the consumer premises equipment and relayed back to the head end. The recommended objective measurement methods and parameters are known to influence the Quality of Service delivered to the user. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.241 was approved on 6 April 2005 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2005 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 1 | +| 5 Quality of Service ranking and measurement methods for digital video services delivered over broadband IP Networks ..... | 2 | +| 5.1 Background..... | 2 | +| 5.2 Recommendation..... | 2 | +| Annex A – System measurement model ..... | 3 | +| Annex B – End-to-end measurements ..... | 4 | +| B.1 Video receiver measurements..... | 5 | +| B.2 Frame rate analysis ..... | 5 | +| Annex C – IP layer..... | 6 | +| C.1 IP – transport requirements ..... | 6 | +| C.2 Video streaming IP service class..... | 7 | +| C.3 IP transport measurements ..... | 7 | +| C.4 IP end-to-end service availability..... | 8 | +| C.5 IP network service classification ..... | 9 | +| Appendix I – Example of an IP network service classification ..... | 9 | + + + +# Quality of service ranking and measurement methods for digital video services delivered over broadband IP networks + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies performance requirements and objective measuring methods of QoS, for the delivery of digital video services over broadband IP networks. The performance requirements are based on an objective measurement of the values of a small number of parameters performed on the delivered IP streams at the consumer premises equipment. These parameters are known to influence the Quality of Service delivered to the user and they allow defining the measurements needed to evaluate the service quality degradation introduced by an IP network. + +The definition of a complete system model of a digital television system over an IP network, including the definition of the appropriate FEC technique to be employed, is outside the scope of this Recommendation. It is well recognized that perceived video quality is highly affected by the performance of FEC. Therefore, this Recommendation does not guarantee that the classification that it provides is sufficient for assessing the perceived quality on a TV broadcasting over IP system, since IP end-to-end network performance it is measured before FEC is applied. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- ITU-T Recommendation G.1020 (2003), *Performance parameter definitions for quality of speech and other voiceband applications utilizing IP networks*. +- ITU-T Recommendation Y.1540 (2002), *Internet protocol data communication service – IP packet transfer and availability parameters*. +- ITU-T Recommendation Y.1541 (2002), *Network performance objectives for IP-based services*. + +# 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +**3.1 broadband IP network:** Access IP telecommunications network offered by ADSL, ADSL2+, VDSL, Optical Access Network, etc. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-----|-----------------------------| +| BER | Bit Error Ratio | +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| IP | Internet Protocol | + +| | | +|------|-------------------------------| +| IPER | IP packet Error Ratio | +| IPLR | IP packet Loss Ratio | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| PLR | Packet Loss Ratio | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RTCP | Real Time Control Protocol | +| RTP | Real Time Protocol | +| SLA | Service Level Agreement | +| STB | Set Top Box | +| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| VoD | Video on Demand | + +# 5 Quality of Service ranking and measurement methods for digital video services delivered over broadband IP Networks + +## 5.1 Background + +Digital transport streams based on MPEG2 encoding have become the prevailing technology for augmenting the experience of digital television services, since it allows combining the distribution of high quality digital television services with the opportunity for end users to enjoy real-time interaction with multimedia service platforms. + +As broadband fixed communication networks start to be extensively deployed in several countries, clear opportunities emerge for extending this offer through transport based on IP protocols. + +The native shared-access and bidirectional capabilities of an IP network, in fact, offer an ideal environment for providing customers with full end-user interactivity and support for advanced services; this offers advantages over traditional video streaming services. IP-based broadband communication networks thus provide another high-performance, bidirectional transport environment to transparently convey MPEG2-compliant video content. + +## 5.2 Recommendation + +Methods for Quality of Service measurements for digital television services streamed in a broadband IP network should be tailored to the specific features of the transport services provided by an IP communication network. + +Annex A shows a conceptual block module of a system measurement model of a chain for IP transmission of television services. + +In this measurement model, the Quality of Service should be measured end-to-end, namely, from the program injection point in the network, all the way to the Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). This provides readings that closely approximate the quality of service as it is delivered to the end user, and take into account the influence of the IP network on the video stream. + +There are two kinds of Quality of Service measurement to be taken at the video receiver. These are described in Annexes B and C. + +Annex B describes the recommended end-to-end measurements to be performed on the video stream after its IP packetized structure is removed. + +Annex C describes the measurements to be performed on the video stream at its IP layer. + +## Annex A + +## System measurement model + +In its simplest form, the television services distribution model, in an IP network, consists of three parts: + +- The Head-end: This includes all the devices and applications needed to produce the video signals that are sent into the network. +- The Transport Network: This transports the video signal to the end user CPEs. +- The CPE: This is an IP end point (usually an STB) that decodes the video signal and displays it on a television set normally connected to it. + +Explicit SLAs need to be established between the service provider and the telecommunications network operator for the transport of the video streams between the head-end and the transport network. + +Audio, video, data and interactive services can be delivered in the IP transport network if the head-end and the STBs provide the necessary compliance. All the services and standards are compatible with the TCP/IP stack; the IP network should guarantee the required performance level and it should provide some test point where it can be measured. + +This Recommendation assumes that the quality of the input video signal that is delivered to the IP network is under the responsibility and control of the head-end. + +The head-end should inject the video streams in the network according to transport rules appropriate to the IP Network. These rules should define: + +- Maximum packet rate per stream; +- Maximum number of sustainable streams; +- Maximum bandwidth per stream (or packet rate for a given packet size); +- Transport protocol to be used; +- Frame size (transport layer); +- Packet size; +- Allowed inter-packet gap profile; +- Maximum burst size. + +On its side, the IP network should guarantee the agreed service level for the delivery of video streams to end-users. + +In an IP network, Video on Demand (VoD) services are usually associated with unicast content distribution methods while television services are distributed by using IP multicast based protocols. + +IP transport protocol used for unicast distribution maybe UDP or TCP while multicast distribution is transported on top of UDP. + +The determination of the service level should be based on end-to-end measurements, which should provide information on: + +- The quality offered to the user; +- The influence of the IP network on the video signal. + +Figure A.1 shows the system measurement model that summarizes this approach. + +![Figure A.1/J.241 – System measurement model diagram. The diagram shows a Head-end on the left and a CPE/STB on the right connected by an IP network. The Head-end contains 'Video input' and an 'IP streamer' (separated by a dashed line from the 'IP protocol stack'). The CPE/STB contains an 'IP protocol stack' and a 'Decoder'. Reference points A, B, C, and D are marked with circles. A, B, and C are connected to a central 'End-to-end IP network measurements' box, which is also connected to an 'End-to-end receiver measurements' box. D is connected to the 'End-to-end receiver measurements' box. The IP network contains a 'Network monitoring' box. The label 'J.241_FA.1' is in the bottom right corner.](f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg) + +Figure A.1/J.241 – System measurement model diagram. The diagram shows a Head-end on the left and a CPE/STB on the right connected by an IP network. The Head-end contains 'Video input' and an 'IP streamer' (separated by a dashed line from the 'IP protocol stack'). The CPE/STB contains an 'IP protocol stack' and a 'Decoder'. Reference points A, B, C, and D are marked with circles. A, B, and C are connected to a central 'End-to-end IP network measurements' box, which is also connected to an 'End-to-end receiver measurements' box. D is connected to the 'End-to-end receiver measurements' box. The IP network contains a 'Network monitoring' box. The label 'J.241\_FA.1' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure A.1/J.241 – System measurement model** + +The following table describes the reference points A, B, C, and D shown in Figure A.1: + +| Reference point | Description | +|-----------------|-------------------------------------| +| A | Video encoder | +| B | IP layer at head-end (Raw IP data). | +| C | IP layer at CPE (Raw IP data). | +| D | Video decoder | + +## Annex B + +## End-to-end measurements + +An IP network allows each CPE (STB) to also behave as a measurement end-point. This offers the valuable opportunity to have a measurement probe at each installed video CPE. Measurements and monitoring taken at the CPE are the ones closest to the user's real experience of the service. + +Using a CPE as a measurement probe raises some point of attention since the CPE is not under the physical control of the network operator, and measurements may be affected by the user's equipment (cable not well plugged in vertical cabling issues, improper use of the home-network). The STB should have the capability to give additional information about the quality of the video signal that is being decoded. Receiver buffer fullness and frame rate are two important indicators of service availability and overall performance. CPEs measurements should be used to: + +- Measure the end-to-end IP network performance; +- Measure the network performance at any hierarchical level or aggregation point through statistical analysis and data processing exploiting correlation among data; +- Estimate the video quality offered to the end-user of the service; +- Perform dedicated test sessions using test signals for qualification and troubleshooting. + +As an example, some network operators currently perform end-to-end measurements at all the STBs available in their residential network, in order to evaluate end-to-end video service quality and network performance; STBs periodically send back frame rate and packet loss reports to provide a continuous quality feedback about the service in progress. + +### B.1 Video receiver measurements + +The table below shows the parameters that should be measured at video receivers to estimate video quality, as described in the system measurement model. These measurements can be used for all the assessments outlined above. + +| Parameter | Value | Equipment | Purpose | Monitoring method | Measurement path (Note) | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Video frame rate | As required by the video standards | STB | Image quality | In service through codec specific methods.
Sampling | From A to D | +| Buffer underflows | N/A | STB | Image quality, smooth play-out | In service while playing video.
Sampling
Measure underflows events and percentage of service time spent by the STB in an "underflow" state | D | +| Buffer overflows | N/A | STB | Image quality, smooth play-out | In service while playing video.
Sampling
Measure underflows events and percentage of service time spent by the STB in an "overflow" state | D | +| Coding specific parameters | N/A | STB | Image/Service quality | In service while playing video.
Sampling | N/A | +| NOTE – See Figure A.1 "System Measurement Model" in Annex A. | | | | | | + +Further studies should address video quality significant parameters which can be returned by the STB decoder, and that may help in better evaluating the video reproduction process that takes place at the decoder. + +### B.2 Frame rate analysis + +Television standards use 30 or 25 frames per second. + +The output of the decoder will produce exactly this frame rate, except in the presence of video information loss. Measure of the frame rate at the output of the decoder gives a rough estimate of the continuity of the service. + +Figure B.1 shows, as an example, possible information that can be retrieved through frame rate analysis: + +![Figure B.1/J.241: Possible information that can be retrieved through frame rate analysis. The graph plots frame rate (F/s) on the y-axis (0 to 25) against time (t) on the x-axis. It shows three distinct time intervals: 'Regular play-out time interval', 'Disturbed signal time interval', and 'Out of service time interval'. The 'Regular play-out time interval' is marked with a horizontal double-headed arrow labeled . The 'Disturbed signal time interval' is marked with a horizontal double-headed arrow labeled . A vertical double-headed arrow labeled indicates the 'Disturbed amplitude at time interval Tj'. The graph also shows a dashed line at 25 F/s and a solid line at 0 F/s. The label 'J.241_FB.1' is in the bottom right corner.](398674b42e3466add6d47f420c136494_img.jpg) + +Figure B.1/J.241: Possible information that can be retrieved through frame rate analysis. The graph plots frame rate (F/s) on the y-axis (0 to 25) against time (t) on the x-axis. It shows three distinct time intervals: 'Regular play-out time interval', 'Disturbed signal time interval', and 'Out of service time interval'. The 'Regular play-out time interval' is marked with a horizontal double-headed arrow labeled . The 'Disturbed signal time interval' is marked with a horizontal double-headed arrow labeled . A vertical double-headed arrow labeled indicates the 'Disturbed amplitude at time interval Tj'. The graph also shows a dashed line at 25 F/s and a solid line at 0 F/s. The label 'J.241\_FB.1' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure B.1/J.241 – Possible information that can be retrieved through frame rate analysis** + +## Annex C + +### IP layer + +### C.1 IP – transport requirements + +IP networks are multi-hop, may be complex and different transmission technologies are usually employed along the network paths. The TCP/IP protocol stack sees all these as "below layer 3" layers. + +Measurements and quality parameters at the IP layer make it possible to define reference values for network requirements that are agnostic of the underlying transmission technologies and are suitable for use in end-to-end quality assessment. + +The noise introduced in an IP packet network is described by the following parameters: + +- Packet loss ratio: The ratio between the number of the packets lost in the network and the total number of transmitted packets1. +- Latency: The time interval between initial transmission and final reception of a packet. +- Jitter: The latency variation. + +The quality of the video streams will impose a minimum value for the downstream throughput requirements; upstream end-to-end throughput requirements depend on application interactivity requirements. + +1 According to the measurement scheme and the methodology proposed in this Recommendation, the total number of lost packets in the Packet Loss Ratio parameter is the sum of IP lost packets (IPLR) and IP errored packets (IPER) as defined in ITU-T Rec. Y.1541. A more complete definition of this parameter is given in ITU-T Rec. G.1020, where clause 7.7 defines "Overall Loss Ratio" for frames or packets. Being the measurement header on top of the transport layer, if, for an IP packet, the IP or UDP checksum fails, this packet will not be presented to the measurement (or RTP) layer. + +### C.2 Video streaming IP service class + +Video services, such as VoD or TV services, are classified also as streaming services. In a high-quality television environment, they have the following high-level requirements: + +- good audio/video quality; +- high availability; +- medium interactivity. + +These high-level requirements should be translated into values for transport requirements for an IP network. + +As specified in Annex A, it is up to the head-end to introduce good quality video content into the network according to the maximum end-to-end bandwidth and packet rate available for video services. Any packet loss will reduce the quality of the video. + +To preserve good quality of the image, a low value of packet loss is required. + +### C.3 IP transport measurements + +The IP network layer should be unaware if the video signal, or any upper layer, is employing FEC or any error-correction techniques, and it should only guarantee the performance needed before any error-correction scheme is applied at any of the above layers. + +#### C.3.1 Parameters + +The table below lists IP network measurement parameters. All measurements should be taken from point B to point C in the system measurement model described in Annex A: + +| Parameter | Equipment | Motivation | Monitoring method | +|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Packet loss ratio (PLR) | CPE (STB) | Image quality, video information loss estimation | In service or through test streams with RTP/RTCP or sequence numbers available on packet header.
Periodic PLR summary.
Reports with one-minute resolution.
Measurement of PLR requires analysis of a number of packets at least 10 times greater than the number related to the target PLR value.
This determines the rate at which the PLR is reported. | +| Network latency | Test probe at user side, within CPE (STB) or as closest as possible to user access link. | Smooth play-out | Test stream | +| Jitter | CPE (STB) | Smooth play-out | In service or through test streams with RTP/RTCP or timestamps available on packet header. | +| Downstream throughput | CPE (STB) | Service qualification, monitoring | Test signal representative of worst case encoding scenario, throughput test | +| Upstream throughput | CPE (STB) | Service qualification, monitoring | Throughput test | + +#### C.3.2 Values + +Before giving reference values for transport requirements, it is important to note that in video services delivery architecture, a receiver buffer is employed at the CPE (STB) end to eliminate (to some extent) the jitter introduced by the network and to have a continuous video frame reproduction. + +Values that should be achieved in the network are outlined and motivated in the following subclauses. + +##### C.3.2.1 PLR value + +It is preferable to specify PLR value that is "codec independent" and dimensioned on a worst-case scenario. + +The PLR value needed to guarantee that an IP network seamlessly delivers video services is $10^{-5}$ . + +The requirement for $PLR < 10^{-5}$ is considerably more stringent than the IPLR objectives currently specified in ITU-T Rec. Y.1541. However, there are plans to support digital video transport with some new QoS Classes with the value of $IPLR < 10^{-5}$ . + +A PLR of $10^{-5}$ may appear a stringent requirement for the PLR. A rough estimation is done considering that potentially any video information loss will be noticed by the user. + +The actual result of a packet loss is not predictable since it depends on the type of frame that is corrupted or on the part of the frame that is missing at the decoder (foreground, background, spatial, temporal, etc.). The degree of signal recovery in the presence of a certain loss depends on the power of the codec itself. Finally, the kind of scene that is being reproduced (steady, moving, etc.) greatly influences the chance that the user perceives video signal degradation. + +To further reduce the BER offered to the video decoder, typical error-correction schemes can be applied on the video streams. + +##### C.3.2.2 Latency and jitter + +Latency and jitter values may vary according to specific multimedia service characteristics, such as interactivity, and according to the size of the de-jitter buffer and of the play-out delay employed at the CPE (STB) side. + +For example, for high quality video streaming services, latency in the order of hundreds of milliseconds and jitter in the order of tenths of milliseconds may be tolerated. + +It is recognized that the definition of objective values for jitter and latency needs further study, even taking into account the different application interactivity evolution, such as videoconferencing, which will impact the traditionally mainly unidirectional television service. + +### C.4 IP end-to-end service availability + +The video service availability depends on the availability of all the elements that are controlled by the operator and that are significant for video service distribution, from the network device closest to the video source, to the access device closest to the user. + +A classification of IP service availability is found in ITU-T Rec. Y.1540, a video streaming services availability function can be defined using the same approach: If $PLR > PLR\_out$ , then the service may be considered unavailable. + +A value of 0.01 is proposed for $PLR\_out$ . + +This value refers to a system where no FEC is employed; further study defining the FEC scheme, may, in the future, result in defining a different value for $PLR\_out$ . This evolution will be reflected in this Recommendation. + +### C.5 IP network service classification + +In relation to video services, the performance of an IP network can be classified based on the value of PLR offered to the end user. The PLR must be measured between points B and C of the system measurement model described in Annex A. + +In relation to the delivery of video services, the inclusion of the effect of latency and jitter for IP network classification purposes, as well as the evaluation of the impact of the definition of a FEC system needs further study. + +# Appendix I + +## Example of an IP network service classification + +This appendix provides, for information, a description of the IP network service classification currently used by a major service provider for its own operation. + +The classification used for digital television services is shown below: + +| | | +|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------| +| $PLR \leq 10^{-5}$ | excellent service quality (ESQ) | +| $PLR < 2 \times 10^{-4} - 10^{-5} >$ | intermediate service quality (ISQ) | +| $PLR < PLR\_out - 2 \times 10^{-4} >$ | poor service quality (PSQ) | +| $PLR < PLR\_out - 1 >$ | IP end-to-end service not available. | + +The table below shows IP layer service classes that are related to the QoS service perceived by the end user. The picture quality also depends on encoding conditions (bit rate, picture size, intra refreshing method, etc.) and transmission parameters (packet size, FEC, etc.). + +The evaluation interval for end-to-end service availability is from 1 to 5 minutes. + +The network service classification is based on an evaluation interval of 30 minutes. + +The end-to-end performance of an IP network can then be calculated adding up the time intervals in which the measured PLR was within the thresholds above during the reported time slot. This is shown in the following example: + +| Class | % time ESQ | % time ISQ | % time PSQ | Note | +|-------|-------------|-------------------|---------------------|---------------------------| +| A | $\geq 99.8$ | between 0 and 0.2 | between 0 and 0.1 | To be computed in service | +| B | $\geq 99.8$ | between 0 and 0.1 | between 0.1 and 0.2 | To be computed in service | +| C | $< 99.8$ | / | / | To be computed in service | + +The end-to-end unavailable service time is not included in the above example. + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data 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a/marked/J/T-REC-J.242-200612-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.242-200612-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..61633dedd970da8a8a59c742c903154e2c9de9a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.242-200612-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,323 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.242** + +(12/2006) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Measurement of the quality of service + +--- + +**A method to reconstruct the received video +sequence seen at the receiver using +transmission error information to monitor the +perceptual video quality at the receiver in digital +cable television and video telephony** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.242 + + + +# **ITU-T Recommendation J.242** + +**A method to reconstruct the received video sequence seen at the receiver using transmission error information to monitor the perceptual video quality at the receiver in digital cable television and video telephony** + +## **Summary** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.242 specifies a method for a transmitting side to reconstruct the received video sequence seen at a receiver using transmission error information. The method can be used with an objective model for video quality measurement to monitor the quality of the received sequence. It is suggested that a standardized method should be used. The method in this Recommendation is applicable in order to: + +- monitor the video quality of the received sequence seen at the receiver, with a minimum consumption of additional bandwidth; +- assess the real-time video quality of the received video sequence by the transmitting side. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.242 was approved on 14 December 2006 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2007 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 The Method..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Applications..... | 3 | +| 4 Messages for sending transmission error information..... | 4 | +| 4.1 Messages for decoder information (receiver model information)..... | 4 | +| 4.2 Source identifier ..... | 4 | +| 4.3 Messages for lost packets ..... | 4 | +| 4.4 Messages for delayed frames..... | 4 | +| 4.5 Messages for skipped frames..... | 4 | +| 4.6 Hand shaking and error handling ..... | 4 | +| 4.7 Messages for additional information for transmission errors..... | 5 | +| Appendix I – Example of error message formats ..... | 6 | +| I.1 Messages for decoder information (receiver model information)..... | 6 | +| I.2 Source identifier ..... | 6 | +| I.3 Messages for lost packets ..... | 6 | +| I.4 Messages for delayed frames..... | 6 | +| I.5 Messages for skipped frames..... | 7 | + +# Introduction + +Objective video quality measurement methods may be classified into three categories: full-reference (FR) models, reduced-reference (RR) models, and no-reference (NR) models. Generally, the accuracy of no-reference models is inferior to that of the FR and RR models. However, both FR and RR models require transmission of additional data for video quality assessment. Since bandwidth is a valuable resource in multimedia applications, it is desirable to avoid the transmission of additional data. + +In a typical multimedia application, video data is transmitted using packets. During transmission, various errors might occur, which include packet loss and delay. These errors can produce frame freezing, frame skipping, block errors, jittering, delay, etc. In packetized video transmission, all these transmission errors and their effects can be accurately identified. Furthermore, in digital communications, if there are no transmission errors, the video quality of the received sequence will be identical to that of the transmitted sequence. + +## **A method to reconstruct the received video sequence seen at the receiver using transmission error information to monitor the perceptual video quality at the receiver in digital cable television and video telephony** + +# **1 Scope** + +This Recommendation specifies a method for a transmitting side to reconstruct the received video sequence in order to monitor video quality at the receiver using transmission error information for packetized video transmission. This Recommendation applies to video services where two-way digital communications are available. The method in this Recommendation requires that each packet can be traced and identified. Some packet transport protocols such as RTP (real-time transport protocol) and ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)/AAL (ATM adaptation layer) have this feature. In order to evaluate video quality at the receiver, the method needs to be used with objective models for video quality measurement such as those contained in [ITU-T J.144]. It is suggested that a standardized method should be used. + +# **2 References** + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.144] ITU-T Recommendation J.144 (2004), *Objective perceptual video quality measurement techniques for digital cable television in the presence of a full reference.* + +[ITU-R BT.1683] ITU-R Recommendation BT.1683 (2004), *Objective perceptual video quality measurement techniques for standard definition digital broadcast television in the presence of a full reference.* + +# **3 The Method** + +Figure 1 illustrates the procedure. The transmitting side includes a transmitter, a received video estimation unit and a video quality estimation unit, and may also include an encoder. According to this method, the quality of the received video sequence seen at the receiver can be evaluated at the transmitting side. Therefore, the source video sequence, or features extracted from the source video sequence, must be available to the transmitting side. + +![Figure 1: A block diagram showing a method for a transmitting side to monitor video quality at a receiver using transmission error information. The diagram is divided into two main sections: 'Transmitting side' (left) and 'Receiver' (right). On the transmitting side, a 'Source video sequence' enters an 'Encoder', which outputs 'Packetized video data' to a 'Transmitter'. The 'Transmitter' sends this data to the 'Receiver'. Simultaneously, the 'Encoder' output is fed into a 'Received video estimation unit'. This unit also receives 'Transmission error information' from a 'Transmission error detection unit' in the 'Receiver'. The 'Received video estimation unit' outputs an 'Estimated received video sequence' to a 'Video quality evaluation unit'. The 'Receiver' contains a 'Decoder' that receives the 'Packetized video data' and outputs the 'Received video sequence'. The 'Decoder' output is also fed into the 'Transmission error detection unit', which sends error information back to the transmitting side. The label 'J.242(06)_F01' is present in the bottom right of the diagram.](3121ebddccf183ca63bb9781be440a7e_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: A block diagram showing a method for a transmitting side to monitor video quality at a receiver using transmission error information. The diagram is divided into two main sections: 'Transmitting side' (left) and 'Receiver' (right). On the transmitting side, a 'Source video sequence' enters an 'Encoder', which outputs 'Packetized video data' to a 'Transmitter'. The 'Transmitter' sends this data to the 'Receiver'. Simultaneously, the 'Encoder' output is fed into a 'Received video estimation unit'. This unit also receives 'Transmission error information' from a 'Transmission error detection unit' in the 'Receiver'. The 'Received video estimation unit' outputs an 'Estimated received video sequence' to a 'Video quality evaluation unit'. The 'Receiver' contains a 'Decoder' that receives the 'Packetized video data' and outputs the 'Received video sequence'. The 'Decoder' output is also fed into the 'Transmission error detection unit', which sends error information back to the transmitting side. The label 'J.242(06)\_F01' is present in the bottom right of the diagram. + +**Figure 1 – A method for a transmitting side to monitor video quality at a receiver using transmission error information** + +The transmitting side transmits packetized video data to the receiver. It is noted that packetization is applied to compressed video data. The receiver has a transmission error detection unit which detects the occurrence of transmission errors. If transmission errors occur, the transmission error detection unit sends the transmission error information, which includes packet loss and delay, along with their effects such as frame freezing, frame skipping, block errors, jitter, etc. to the transmitting side (Table 1 shows typical transmission error information). Then, the received video estimation unit in the transmitting side emulates the receiver and estimates the received video sequence seen at the receiver using the transmission error information and the packetized video data produced by the encoder. Finally, a video quality evaluation unit computes the video quality scores at the receiver using the source video sequence and the estimated received video sequence. Figure 2 shows an example of the method when a FR model is used. The estimated received video sequence in Figure 3 is produced by the received video estimation unit (Figure 2). When the source video sequences are not available at the transmitting side, it is also possible for the transmitting side to use an RR model, provided that feature parameters are available. + +![Figure 2: A block diagram for the transmitting side computing the video quality of the received video sequence using the estimated received video sequence (FR model). The diagram shows a 'Transmitting side' (left) and a 'Receiver' (right) connected by a 'Channel'. On the transmitting side, a 'Source video sequence' enters a 'Transmitter', which sends data through the 'Channel' to the 'Receiver'. The 'Transmitter' output is also fed into an 'FR model'. The 'FR model' also receives an 'Estimated received video sequence' as input. The 'FR model' outputs a quality estimate. The 'Receiver' receives the data from the 'Channel' and outputs the 'Received video sequence'. The label 'J.242(06)_F02' is present in the bottom right of the diagram.](d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: A block diagram for the transmitting side computing the video quality of the received video sequence using the estimated received video sequence (FR model). The diagram shows a 'Transmitting side' (left) and a 'Receiver' (right) connected by a 'Channel'. On the transmitting side, a 'Source video sequence' enters a 'Transmitter', which sends data through the 'Channel' to the 'Receiver'. The 'Transmitter' output is also fed into an 'FR model'. The 'FR model' also receives an 'Estimated received video sequence' as input. The 'FR model' outputs a quality estimate. The 'Receiver' receives the data from the 'Channel' and outputs the 'Received video sequence'. The label 'J.242(06)\_F02' is present in the bottom right of the diagram. + +**Figure 2 – A block diagram for the transmitting side computing the video quality of the received video sequence using the estimated received video sequence (FR model)** + +![Figure 3: A method for a transmitting side to monitor video quality at a receiver using transmission error information (video telephony).](ebff22fb5dd6f50a90e44dca0f82f285_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a video telephony system with two 'Video telephone terminal' units connected via a 'Telecommunication company'. Each terminal contains an 'Encoder', 'Decoder', 'Transmitter', 'Transmission error detection unit', 'Received video estimation unit', and 'Video quality evaluation unit'. The process involves a 'Source video sequence' being encoded and transmitted as 'Packetized video data'. The receiver decodes this data into a 'Received video sequence' and also generates an 'Estimated received video sequence'. 'Transmission error information' is sent from the receiver's 'Transmission error detection unit' back to the transmitter's 'Transmission error detection unit' through the telecommunication company. The 'Video quality evaluation unit' at the transmitter uses the 'Estimated received video sequence' and the 'Transmission error information' to assess video quality. The diagram is labeled 'J.242(06)\_F03' in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 3: A method for a transmitting side to monitor video quality at a receiver using transmission error information (video telephony). + +**Figure 3 – A method for a transmitting side to monitor video quality at a receiver using transmission error information (video telephony)** + +A video telephone terminal both transmits and receives video signals. Provided that packetized video transmission or similar transmission methods are used, the method can be used in video telephones. Figure 3 illustrates how the method can be used for video telephony. + +In packetized video transmission, the effects of transmission errors can be described as follows: + +- Video degradation, such as block errors due to packet loss. +- Skipped (lost) frames due to packet loss, delay, overflow and underflow. +- Delayed frames due to packet delay and underflow. + +Therefore, if the receiver sends information on lost or impaired packets, skipped frames and delayed frames to the transmitting side, the transmitting side can reconstruct the received video sequences seen at the receiver. + +On the other hand, in video telephony (Figure 3), the telecommunication company may want to monitor video quality at the receiver. In this scenario, the telecommunication company may use an NR objective video quality measurement method which uses bit stream data. In this case, the performance of such an NR method can be improved if the receiver sends additional information on transmission errors, which includes information on BER (bit error rate), delayed packets, etc. Similarly, some service providers (transmitting side) are provided with compressed video data and may not have any information on source video sequences. In this case, an NR method which uses bit stream data may be used and the receiver may send the additional information on transmission errors. + +## 3.1 Applications + +The method can be used for packetized video transmission when two-way digital communications are available. The method further requires that each packet can be traced and identified. Some packet transport protocols such as RTP (real-time transport protocol) and ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)/AAL (ATM adaptation layer) have this feature. For example, the method can be used for VoD, IPTV, video telephony and videoconferencing. + +# 4 Messages for sending transmission error information + +In this method, the transmitting side and the receiver are cooperative since the receiver provides all the necessary information to the transmitting side. It is also noted that all information on the decoder and post-processing techniques used in the receiver must be provided so that the transmitting side can exactly estimate the video sequence at the receiver. + +In order for the transmitting side to estimate the received video sequences, the required transmission error information is summarized in Table 1. For each transmission error, an error-type specific message is transmitted. Such messages consist of two or three fields: type and binary numbers. A number of messages can be combined and then transmitted. + +**Table 1 – Transmission error information** + +| Type of transmission error | Contents of transmission information | +|----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------| +| Lost or impaired packets | Corresponding packet indexes | +| Delayed frames | Length of the delay and delayed frame indexes | +| Skipped or lost frames | Skipped or lost frame indexes | + +## 4.1 Messages for decoder information (receiver model information) + +In order to exactly estimate the received video sequence, the transmitting side needs information on the decoder and post-processing techniques used at the receiver. For this purpose, at the beginning of transmission, the receiver needs to transmit a model identification message. It is assumed that the transmitting side has access to a database and can obtain all the necessary information on the decoder and post-processing techniques of the receiver from the model identification message. + +## 4.2 Source identifier + +In broadcasting and multicasting environments, when the transmitting side receives transmission error messages, it needs to identify the corresponding source video sequence. For this purpose, the receiver needs to transmit a source identification message. The source information is available in packets. + +## 4.3 Messages for lost packets + +For a lost packet, a lost packet index needs to be transmitted. + +When burst errors occur, a number of subsequent packets can be lost. In this case, a starting packet index and an ending packet index of the lost packets need to be transmitted. + +## 4.4 Messages for delayed frames + +For a delayed frame, a delayed frame index and the length of the delay need to be transmitted. + +## 4.5 Messages for skipped frames + +For a skipped (lost) frame, a skipped frame index needs to be transmitted. + +When burst errors occur, a number of subsequent frames may be lost. In this case, a starting frame index and an ending frame index of the skipped frames need to be transmitted. + +## 4.6 Hand shaking and error handling + +Due to transmission errors, these error messages can also be lost or corrupted. On the other hand, most two-way communication systems employ some error detection and handling mechanisms which can be used to ensure the delivery of the messages. The error messages can be transmitted in real time or may be transmitted in batch-mode. + +Table 2 summarizes the error message descriptions. Figure 4 illustrates the received video estimation unit. Examples of error message formats are provided in Appendix I. + +**Table 2 – Message description** + +| Type of transmission error | Error message description | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Receiver | A model identification message | +| Source identifier | A source identification message | +| Lost packet | A lost packet index | +| Lost packets | A starting packet index and an ending packet index of the lost packets | +| Delayed frame | A delayed frame index and the length of the delay | +| Skipped frame | A skipped frame index | +| Skipped frames | A starting frame index and an ending frame index of the skipped frames | + +![Block diagram of the received video estimation unit. It shows two inputs on the left: 'Packetized video data' and 'Transmission error information (see Table 2)'. Both inputs point to a central block labeled 'Received video estimation unit'. An arrow points from this block to the output on the right, labeled 'Estimated received video sequence'. Below the central block is the text 'J.242(06)_F04'.](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +Block diagram of the received video estimation unit. It shows two inputs on the left: 'Packetized video data' and 'Transmission error information (see Table 2)'. Both inputs point to a central block labeled 'Received video estimation unit'. An arrow points from this block to the output on the right, labeled 'Estimated received video sequence'. Below the central block is the text 'J.242(06)\_F04'. + +**Figure 4 – Inputs and output of the received video estimation unit** + +## 4.7 Messages for additional information for transmission errors + +When an NR method which uses bit stream data is to be used, the performance of the NR method may be improved if the receiver sends additional information on transmission errors, including information on BER (bit error rate), delayed packets, etc. Thus, when an objective model (e.g., an NR method) requires additional information, the receiver may send additional messages containing the required information (e.g., BER, delayed packets, etc). + +# Appendix I + +## Example of error message formats + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This appendix describes an example of a message format capable of sending transmission error information. + +### I.1 Messages for decoder information (receiver model information) + +A model identification message can be transmitted using a 32-byte message. The first byte is the ASCII code for character 'm' (6D in hexadecimal) representing a model identification. The following 31 bytes are a character string "padded to the right with null characters and" terminated by a null character. For example, if a model number of the terminal is "ABC-1234", the following message is transmitted: + +6D 41 42 43 2D 31 32 33 34 ("mABC-1234") followed by 23 null characters. + +### I.2 Source identifier + +A source identification message can be transmitted using five bytes of binary data at the beginning of transmission. The first byte is the ASCII code for character 'i' (69 in hexadecimal) representing a source identifier. The other four bytes are used for source identification: + +69 XX XX XX XX (hexadecimal). + +### I.3 Messages for lost packets + +A lost packet index can be transmitted using five bytes of binary data. The first byte is the ASCII code for character 'l' (6C in hexadecimal) representing a lost packet. The other four bytes are a long integer (four bytes) representing the lost packet index. For instance, if the 100th packet is lost, the following message is transmitted: + +6C 64 00 00 00 (hexadecimal) + +where the first byte is the least significant byte in the four-byte long integer (unsigned). + +When burst errors occur, a number of subsequent packets can be lost. In this case, a starting packet index and an ending packet index can be transmitted using nine bytes of binary data. The first byte is the ASCII code for character 'L' (4C in hexadecimal). The next four bytes are a long integer (four bytes) representing the starting index of the lost packets. The last four bytes are a long integer representing the ending index of the lost packets. For instance, if the 60th-90th packets are lost, the following message is transmitted: + +4C 3C 00 00 00 5A 00 00 00 (hexadecimal) + +where the first byte is the least significant byte in the four-byte long integer (unsigned). + +### I.4 Messages for delayed frames + +A delayed frame index and the length of the delay can be transmitted using seven bytes of binary data. The first byte is the ASCII code for character 'd' (64 in hexadecimal) representing a delayed frame. The next four bytes are a long integer (four bytes) representing the delayed frame index. The last two bytes are a short integer (two bytes) representing the length of the delay in milliseconds. For instance, if the 60th frame is delayed by 300 ms, the following message is transmitted: + +64 3C 00 00 00 2C 01 (hexadecimal) + +where the first bytes in the unsigned long integer and unsigned short integer represent the least significant bytes. + +### 1.5 Messages for skipped frames + +A skipped frame index can be transmitted using five bytes of binary data. The first byte is the ASCII code for character 's' (73 in hexadecimal) representing a skipped frame. The other four bytes are a long integer (four bytes) representing the skipped frame index. For instance, if the 60th frame is lost, the following message is transmitted: + +73 3C 00 00 00 (hexadecimal) + +where the first byte is the least significant byte in the four-byte long integer (unsigned). + +When burst errors occur, a number of subsequent frames may be skipped. In this case, a starting frame index and an ending frame index of the skipped frames can be transmitted using nine bytes of binary data. The first byte is the ASCII code for character 'S' (53 in hexadecimal). The next four bytes are a long integer (four bytes) representing the starting index of the skipped frames. The last four bytes are a long integer representing the ending index of the skipped frames. For instance, if the 60th-90th frames are skipped, the following message is transmitted: + +53 3C 00 00 00 5A 00 00 00 (hexadecimal) + +where the first bytes in the unsigned long integer and unsigned short integer represent the least significant bytes. + +Table I.1 summarizes the error message formats. + +**Table I.1 – Error message formats** + +| Type of transmission error | Transmission error message in hexadecimal | Description | +|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Receiver (32 bytes) | 6D + 31-byte string | 'm' + 31-byte string | +| Source identifier (5 bytes) | 69 XX XX XX XX | 'i' + 4 bytes (32 bits) | +| Lost packet (5 bytes) | 6C XX XX XX XX | 'l' + packet index in long integer | +| Lost packets (9 bytes) | 4C XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX | 'L' + starting packet index in long integer + ending packet index in long integer | +| Delayed frame (7 bytes) | 64 XX XX XX XX XX XX | 'd' + frame index in long integer + delay time in short integer | +| Skipped frame (5 bytes) | 73 XX XX XX XX | 's' + frame index in long integer | +| Skipped frames (9 bytes) | 53 XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX | 'S' + starting frame index in long integer + ending frame index in long integer | + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.260-200501-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.260-200501-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..55d1dcac0058621f8e2643bd5e4ac521c5664d3f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.260-200501-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,264 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with a red lightning bolt and the letters ITU.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with a red lightning bolt and the letters ITU. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.260** + +(01/2005) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**Requirements for preferential +telecommunications over IPCablecom networks** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.260 + +--- + + + +# **ITU-T Recommendation J.260** + +# **Requirements for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation defines requirements for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks. The essential aspects of preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom that this Recommendation covers can be grouped into two areas: prioritization and authentication. These two areas include capabilities to support telecommunications in IPCablecom that may require preferential treatment (e.g., Telecommunications for Disaster Relief and Emergency Telecommunications Service). + +The implementation of priority and authentication is necessary for the support of preferential telecommunications in IPCablecom networks. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.260 was approved on 21 January 2005 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the WTSA Resolution 1. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2005 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 Architectural cases for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks..... | 2 | +| 5.1 IPCablecom to/from PSTN..... | 2 | +| 5.2 On-net to on-net..... | 2 | +| 6 Requirements for preferential telecommunications in IPCablecom..... | 3 | +| 6.1 Requirements for authentication in IPCablecom networks ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 Requirements for priority treatment in IPCablecom networks..... | 3 | +| BIBLIOGRAPHY ..... | 5 | + +# Introduction + +Emergency/disaster communications for authorized users play a vital role in the health, safety, and welfare of people in all countries. The common thread to facilitate emergency/disaster operations is the utility of assured capabilities for user-friendly emergency telecommunications that may be realized by technical solutions and/or administrative policy. The IPCablecom infrastructure offers an important resource for assured emergency/disaster communications. + +Emergency/disaster situations can impact communications infrastructures. Typical impacts may include congestion overload and the need to re-deploy or extend communications capabilities beyond that covered by existing infrastructures. Even when telecommunications infrastructures are not damaged by these situations, demand for telecommunications resources soar during such events. Therefore, priority mechanisms are needed so that limited bandwidth resources can be allocated to authorized emergency workers. + +Generally, when preferential or priority treatment telecommunication capabilities are offered, users of the service will be authenticated and authorized. Whether authentication and authorization are required or not is a national decision. However, without authentication and authorization, preferential treatment capabilities may be subject to abuse by non-authorized individuals. + +This Recommendation defines requirements for authentication and priority mechanisms in IPCablecom networks to provide preferential/priority treatment to services that need or benefit from such treatment. + +## Requirements for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks + +# 1 Scope + +The objective of this Recommendation is to provide an initial set of requirements for preferential telecommunications within IPCablecom networks. Aspects of preferential telecommunications include provisions for Authentication and Priority (Special Handling). These requirements do not apply to ordinary emergency calls such as people calling police, fire department, ambulance, etc. This Recommendation defines requirements for capabilities which when implemented should help support emergency telecommunication services. + +NOTE – Pre-emption requirements and authorization requirements are outside the scope of this Recommendation and are considered to be national matters. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +## 2.1 Informative references + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation Y.1271 (2004), *Framework(s) on network requirements and capabilities to support emergency telecommunications over evolving circuit-switched and packet-switched networks.* +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation E.106 (2003), *International Emergency Preference Scheme (IEPS) for disaster relief operations.* + +# 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.1 assured capabilities:** Capabilities providing high confidence or certainty that critical telecommunications are available and perform reliably. + +**3.2 authentication:** The act or method used to verify a claimed identity. + +**3.3 authorization:** The act of determining if a particular privilege, such as access to telecommunications resources, can be granted to the presenter of a particular credential. + +**3.4 emergency situation:** A situation, of serious nature, that develops suddenly and unexpectedly. Extensive immediate important efforts, facilitated by telecommunications, may be required to restore a state of normality to avoid further risk to people or property. If this situation escalates, it may become a crisis and/or disaster. + +**3.5 international emergency situation:** An emergency situation, across international boundaries, that affects more than one country. + +**3.6 label:** An identifier occurring within or attached to data elements. In the context of preferential telecommunications it is an indication of priority. This identifier can be used as a mapping mechanism between different network priority levels. + +**3.7 off-net:** Not on an IPCablecom network. + +**3.8 on-net:** On an IPCablecom network. + +**3.9 policy:** Rules (or methods) for allocating telecommunications network resources among types of traffic that may be differentiated by labels. + +**3.10 preferential:** A capability offering advantage over regular capabilities. + +**3.11 priority treatment capabilities:** Capabilities that provide premium access to, and/or use of telecommunications network resources. + +# **4 Abbreviations** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +CM Cable Modem + +CMS Call Management Server + +MTA Media Terminal Adapter + +PIN Personal Identification Number + +PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network + +# **5 Architectural cases for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks** + +These architectural cases are defined in order to provide the different cases that need to be specified. + +## **5.1 IPCablecom to/from PSTN** + +This case includes calls made from the PSTN (Off-Net) to the IPCablecom network (On-Net) as well as calls made On-Net to Off-Net. + +## **5.2 On-net to on-net** + +These three cases include calls made from a user on an IPCablecom network to a user on the same (or another) IPCablecom network. + +### **5.2.1 Intra-zone** + +Intra-zone defines calls that remain within the technical control of a single CMS. + +### **5.2.2 Inter-zone, intra-domain** + +Inter-zone, intra-domain defines calls that remain within the domain of a single Kerberos realm, but travel beyond the technical control of one CMS. + +### **5.2.3 Inter-domain** + +The inter-domain case is not within the current scope of this Recommendation. + +# 6 Requirements for preferential telecommunications in IPCablecom + +The following requirements are for authentication and prioritization capabilities within IPCablecom networks. This initial set of requirements can be implemented utilizing existing mechanisms or extensions to existing mechanisms found within IPCablecom and elsewhere. Future enhancements as well as internetworking details will await the work of other ITU-T Study Groups. + +The requirements focus on call control but some of them might also apply to voice traffic as well. Whether mechanisms need to be developed for the voice traffic as well as the call control depend upon the methods used for the priority and authentication. + +Ideally, all methods of priority treatment will be applied to a priority call. However, it is recognized that satisfying a subset of the below listed requirements will improve the access for preferential users and that a phased approach to implementation is desirable. + +## 6.1 Requirements for authentication in IPCablecom networks + +Users with priority, generally, will be authenticated1 and authorized. Whether authentication for preferential users is required or not is a national matter. In the case where authentication is not required it is assumed that preferential users are authorized by default. Ideally, at least two authentication mechanisms will be supported in IPCablecom networks. Some services may require only one method, however: + +- a) One method of authentication of calls originating in an IPCablecom network will be available to a preferential user on any given IPCablecom user's equipment. One way this can be accomplished is by calling a special number and entering a personal identification number (PIN). +- b) One method of authentication will be dependent upon the IPCablecom system's recognition of the preferential users' equipment. This authentication will only be available on particular pieces of equipment (e.g., phones, CM/MTAs) and may additionally require further mechanisms (e.g., smartcards, tokens, and/or a PIN). Smartcards specifications are outside the scope of IPCablecom. + +## 6.2 Requirements for priority treatment in IPCablecom networks + +- 1) Preferential users will receive priority treatment. This priority treatment can be provided in several ways. + - a) Priority access to the IPCablecom network: This priority access will be provided after a preferential user is authorized and occurs when initiating a call on an IPCablecom network. + - b) Signalling associated with call activation and call features for preferential users will receive priority handling relative to non-preferential users. + - c) Network resources will be provided to preferential users on a preferential basis whether originating on the IPCablecom network (on-net) or entering from another network (off-net). + - d) Calls originating in an IPCablecom network (on-net) with a priority label should receive priority at the gateways to other networks (e.g., to the PSTN). +- 2) A priority call originating in an IPCablecom network is required to have a label or some other indication identifying the call as one which should receive priority treatment. + +--- + +1 Authentication is important for priority traffic for several reasons: + +- a) To avoid denial-of-service attacks by non-authorized use of the priority treatment; +- b) To allow the QoS provisioning to take place giving priority to the authorized user; +- c) To allow for billing and accounting. + +- 3) Calls with the priority label will receive priority treatment within an IPCablecom network. +- 4) A gateway device (on the IPCablecom side) connecting an IPCablecom network to the PSTN is required to be able to read the label of a priority call and map this label into priority mechanisms existing in the PSTN. The intent is to preserve the special handling (if available) as the call proceeds on the PSTN. + +NOTE – Generally, for the PSTN only one level of priority is available. + +- 5) A gateway device (on the IPCablecom side) is required to be able to read priority label(s) from the PSTN associated with the call and map this label to the appropriate priority label within the IPCablecom network. +- 6) The priority label of a call that transits an IPCablecom network is required to be preserved throughout an IPCablecom network. +- 7) A priority call in transit through an IPCablecom network will receive priority treatment in accordance with the capabilities of the IPCablecom network. +- 8) There will be a minimum capability of supporting one level of priority treatment within an IPCablecom network. Some national options may require more levels (e.g., five levels). National options may require that outside of a "Declared time of Disaster, Crisis or Emergency", no Priority level or indications are active in the network. The number of different labels within an IPCablecom network associated with priority treatment may be extensible (e.g., up to 256) to allow for future extensions. +- 9) Any call entering an IPCablecom domain with a priority label from a trusted network (e.g., from the PSTN) will receive priority treatment in the IPCablecom network. The definition of "trusted network" is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +# BIBLIOGRAPHY + +- T1\* Technical Report T1.TR.79-2003, *Overview of standards in support of Emergency Telecommunications Service (ETS)*. + +--- + +\* T1 standards are maintained since November 2003 by ATIS. + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.262-200910-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.262-200910-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d9c5ba94aae838c725cd4eb64bc76fa7af162043 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.262-200910-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,556 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.262** + +(10/2009) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**Specifications for authentication in preferential +telecommunications over IPCablecom2 +networks** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.262 + + + +## **Recommendation ITU-T J.262** + +# **Specifications for authentication in preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 networks** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.262 is one of a series of Recommendations to enable support for preferential telecommunication services over IPCablecom networks. It defines the specifications for authentication in preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 networks. These specifications satisfy the requirements defined in Recommendation ITU-T J.260. The essential aspects of preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 can be grouped into two areas: prioritization and authentication. This Recommendation defines specifications for authentication only. Authentication must be utilized to prevent unauthorized use of premium services and for emergency services in IPCablecom2 that may require preferential treatment (e.g., telecommunications for disaster relief and the emergency telecommunications service). + +User authentication is necessary to determine whether to authorize a request for preferential telecommunication services. This Recommendation covers only authentication and does not address which services the authenticated user is authorized to use. + +## **Source** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.262 was approved on 30 October 2009 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2009-2012) under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2010 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Authentication in IPCablecom2..... | 2 | +| 6.1 IPCablecom2 PIN authentication of VoIP UA preferential treatment call to PSTN ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 IPCablecom2 PIN Authentication of VoIP UA Call to VoIP UA..... | 5 | +| 6.3 IPCablecom2 preferential treatment services subscription authentication in VoIP UA to VoIP UA calls – Priority signalled by the UA using R-P header in the INVITE message..... | 7 | +| 6.4 IPCablecom2 preferential treatment services subscription authentication in VoIP UA to VoIP UA Calls – Priority signalled by the UA, using an identifier ..... | 9 | +| 7 IPCablecom2 preferential telecommunications services authentication requirements ..... | 11 | +| Bibliography..... | 12 | + +## Introduction + +Emergency and disaster communications for authorized users play a vital role in the health, safety, and welfare of people in all countries. The common thread to facilitate emergency/disaster operations is the utility of assured capabilities for user-friendly preferential telecommunication services that may be realized by technical solutions and/or administrative policy. The IPCablecom infrastructure offers an important resource for assured emergency/disaster telecommunications. + +Emergency and disaster situations can impact telecommunication infrastructures. Typical impacts may include congestion overload and the need to re-deploy or extend communications capabilities beyond that covered by existing infrastructures. Even when telecommunication infrastructures are not damaged by these situations, demand for telecommunication resources soar during such events. Therefore, priority mechanisms are needed so that limited bandwidth resources can be allocated to authorized emergency workers during emergency and disaster situations. + +Generally, when preferential or prioritized treatment telecommunication capabilities are offered, users of the service will be authenticated and authorized. Whether authentication and authorization are required or not, as well as implementation aspects, such as databases for personal identification numbers (PIN), are national decisions. However, without authentication and authorization, preferential treatment capabilities may be subject to abuse by non-authorized individuals. + +This Recommendation defines specifications stemming from the requirements of Recommendation ITU-T J.260 for mechanisms to provide authentication in IPCablecom2 networks in support of preferential telecommunication services that need or benefit from preferential treatment. + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.262 + +## Specifications for authentication in preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 networks + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation is one of a series of Recommendations to enable support for preferential telecommunication services over IPCablecom networks. These specifications do not apply to ordinary emergency calls such as people calling the police, the fire department, ambulances, etc. + +Aspects of preferential telecommunications include provisions for authentication and priority (special handling). The objective of this Recommendation is to provide an initial set of authentication specifications for preferential telecommunications within IPCablecom2 networks according to the framework described in [ITU-T J.261]. This Recommendation defines specifications for capabilities, which, when implemented should help support preferential treatment telecommunication services. + +NOTE – Pre-emption specifications and authorization specifications are outside the scope of this Recommendation and are considered to be national matters. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.260] Recommendation ITU-T J.260 (2005), *Requirements for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks*. + +[ITU-T J.261] Recommendation ITU-T J.261 (2009), *Framework for implementing preferential telecommunications in IPCablecom and IPCablecom2 networks*. + +[ITU-T J.360] Recommendation ITU-T J.360 (2006), *IPCablecom2 architecture framework*. + +## 3 Definitions + +### 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 assured capabilities** [ITU-T J.260]: Capabilities providing high confidence or certainty that critical telecommunications are available and perform reliably. + +**3.1.2 authentication** [ITU-T J.260]: The act or method used to verify a claimed identity. + +**3.1.3 authorization** [ITU-T J.260]: The act of determining if a particular privilege, such as access to telecommunications resources, can be granted to the presenter of a particular credential. + +**3.1.4 emergency situation** [ITU-T J.260]: A situation, of serious nature, that develops suddenly and unexpectedly. Extensive immediate important efforts, facilitated by telecommunications, may be required to restore a state of normality to avoid further risk to people or property. If this situation escalates, it may become a crisis and/or disaster. + +**3.1.5 international emergency situation** [ITU-T J.260]: An emergency situation, across international boundaries, that affects more than one country. + +**3.1.6 label** [ITU-T J.260]: An identifier occurring within or attached to data elements. In the context of preferential telecommunications it is an indication of priority. This identifier can be used as a mapping mechanism between different network priority levels. + +**3.1.7 policy** [ITU-T J.260]: Rules (or methods) for allocating telecommunications network resources among types of traffic that may be differentiated by labels. + +**3.1.8 preferential** [ITU-T J.260]: A capability offering advantage over regular capabilities. + +**3.1.9 priority treatment capabilities** [ITU-T J.260]: Capabilities that provide premium access to, and/or use of telecommunications network resources. + +### **3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation** + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +**3.2.1 factor**: A factor, as used in the process of authentication, represents either something known (such as a PIN, password or passphrase), something possessed (such as a card with a magnetic stripe or a security token) or something unique (such as a finger or voice print) about the individual whose identity is to be authenticated. + +## **4 Abbreviations** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------| +| AS | Application Server | +| CM | Cable Modem | +| HSS | Home Subscriber Server | +| ISTP | Internet Signalling Transport Protocol | +| MTA | Media Terminal Adapter | +| P-CSCF | Proxy Call Session Control Function | +| PIN | Personal Identification Number | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| S-CSCF | Serving Call Session Control Function | +| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | +| UA | User Agent | + +## **5 Conventions** + +None. + +## **6 Authentication in IPCablecom2** + +Authentication in IPCablecom2 networks is impacted by two dimensions: + +- location of originating and terminating devices or VoIP user agent (UA) functionality; and +- form of identity presented by the preferential telecommunication service requester and manner by which the asserted identity is verified. + +Authentication entails receiving identification and identity verification/validation information necessary, prior to authorizing completion of a preferential priority call or session. This capability + +should exist on the access network and it must also be propagated throughout all relevant network entities to provide, as much as possible, end-to-end preferential treatment. The manner in which end-to-end preferential treatment is provided is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +The following four possibilities are to be considered for calls that require preferential treatment: + +- 1) Originate from a UA at a location authorized for preferential treatment services and terminate at a UA at any general location. +- 2) Originate from a UA at a location authorized for preferential treatment services and terminate at a UA at a location that is authorized for preferential treatment services. +- 3) Originate from a UA at a general location and terminate at a UA at a location authorized for preferential treatment services. +- 4) Originate from a UA at a general location and terminate at a UA at any general location. + +Authentication itself can be subdivided into two (or sometimes three) components: The first is receipt of identification information, which identifies the preferential service requester. The second is receipt of identification verification information that allows the network to verify the accuracy of the requester's claimed identity when placing a preferential service call, so that the information can be propagated to all relevant entities in the network, should the call be authorized. The third component, necessary in some situations, may require validating the identity against a database of authenticated identities. + +Another factor that can impact authentication is whether preferential treatment for access will be authorized on a: + +- per call basis, or a +- subscription basis. + +Currently, identification and authentication are combined through the use of a personal identification number (PIN) presented by the caller after dialling an access number for enabling preferential treatment. This PIN may be validated against a PIN database to determine authorized services. PIN based authentication actually authenticates the requester, not the device being used when making the request, and thus allows preferential treatment requests to be initiated from any device. Also, this approach allows calls that require preferential treatment to be originated from circuit switched telephone devices attached to private PBX systems. The PIN based authentication approach was designed specifically for per call requests. IPCablecom2-enabled infrastructures should accommodate this legacy approach along with providing other forms of identification and authentication for VoIP-based calls using the session initiation protocol (SIP). + +Appendix III of [ITU-T J.360] and [b-ITU-T J.366.8] include the three SIP authentication mechanisms specified in [b-IETF RFC 3261]: + +- usage of HTTP authentication (section 22), also referred to as Digest Authentication; +- usage of transport layer security (section 26.2.1), based on TLS; and +- usage of network layer security (section 26.2.1), based on IPsec. + +Identification of the calling and called party in IPCablecom2 networks is supported by SIP registration. Authentication of the called party is supported for services requiring preferential treatment by including a PIN with SIP digest or SIP over TLS or SIP over IPsec mechanisms. + +### 6.1 IPCablecom2 PIN authentication of VoIP UA preferential treatment call to PSTN + +SIP user agent (UA) functions have to register with the IMS call processing function of the service provider so they can place and receive SIP signalled calls regardless of call type. Figure 1 depicts a PIN authenticated preferential treatment request between a VoIP SIP UA and a device on the PSTN where the requester calls a specific telephone number associated with a preferential treatment application server function. For the registration of both the calling UA, and the called UA, and + +preferential treatment PIN authentication, the following basic steps occur (a number of acknowledgements and other secondary messages are not shown or addressed). Even though registration message exchanges are not specific to preferential treatment, they are included to provide the complete flow: + +- 1) The calling UA sends a REGISTER message to its serving P-CSCF, the same as in (1) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 2) The P-CSCF performs the same activity as in (2) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 3) The S-CSCF creates and sends a 401 (Unauthorized) response, the same as in (5) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 4) The P-CSCF performs the same activities and sends the 401 (Unauthorized) response, as in (6) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 5) The calling UA performs the same actions as in (7) in Figure III. 4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 6) The P-CSCF performs the same activities to the REGISTER message as in (8) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 7) The S-CSCF performs the same activities and responds with a 200 OK, as in (11) in Figure III. 4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 8) The P-CSCF forwards the 200 OK, the same as in (12) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 9) The calling UA sends an INVITE message that is routed to the application server function for preferential treatment services (PrefTreat-AS) responsible for initiating user authentication. This may involve the user entering a special telephone number that was provided with the PIN. +- 10) The preferential treatment AS sends an INVITE message to a media server (PrefTreat-MS) function that will collect the user's PIN and destination UA. +- 11) The PrefTreat-MS Sends a 200 OK message to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 12) The PrefTreat-AS sends a 200 OK to the calling UA. +- 13) The calling UA and the PrefTreat-MS are now able to exchange RTP media to collect the user's PIN and destination UA information entered by the user. +- 14) The PrefTreat-MS passes the collected user PIN and destination UA to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 15) The PrefTreat-AS sends a message to the authentication (PrefTreat-A) function that will verify whether the supplied user PIN is valid. +- 16) The authentication function will validate the PIN against the authorized set of services and inform the PrefTreat-AS whether the user is a valid user to originate preferential treatment calls. Another approach is to inform the PrefTreat-AS the authorized services for that user and PrefTreat-AS determines if the requested service is included in that list. +- 17) The PrefTreat-AS sends a reINVITE to the calling UA. +- 18) The PrefTreat-AS releases the PrefTreat-MS with a BYE message. +- 19) The calling UA sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 20) The PrefTreat-MS sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 21) The PrefTreat-AS sends an INVITE to the provider signalling gateway (SG) to signal into the PSTN. +- 22) The SG sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 23) The PrefTreat-AS sends a reINVITE to the calling UA. +- 24) The calling UA sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. + +- 25) The calling UA and a PSTN telephone now have a preferential treatment call established and can exchange information that will be converted between RTP media and digitized analogue formats. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating VoIP preferential treatment using PIN authentication message flow. The diagram shows interactions between a Calling SIP UA, Provider Media Gateway Function, Provider P-CSCF #1 Function, Provider P-CSCF #2 Function, Provider S-CSCF Functions, Provider Pref Application Server (AS) Function, Provider Pref Media Server (MS) Function, Pref Authentication Function (Pref-A), and Provider Signaling Gateway Function. The process is divided into three phases: Calling SIP UA Registration, Pref Authentication of Calling UA, and Pref call setup between Calling UA and PSTN.](5b4e774d63e0e0ed73801a9247755e5f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the message flow for VoIP preferential treatment using PIN authentication. It is divided into three main phases: + +- Calling SIP UA Registration:** + - (1) REGISTER from Calling SIP UA to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (2) REGISTER from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (3) 401 Unauthorized from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (4) 401 Unauthorized from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Calling SIP UA. + - IPsec SA exchange between Calling SIP UA and Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (5) REGISTER from Calling SIP UA to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (6) REGISTER from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (7) 200 OK from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (8) 200 OK from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Calling SIP UA. +- Pref Authentication of Calling UA:** + - (9) INVITE to Pref-AS from Calling SIP UA. + - (10) INVITE to Pref-MS from Pref-AS to Provider Pref Media Server (MS) Function. + - (11) 200 OK from Pref-MS to Pref-AS. + - (12) 200 OK from Pref-AS to Calling SIP UA. + - (13) Pref authentication information (PIN) and target telephone number Via RTP Media Exchange from Pref-AS to Calling SIP UA. + - (14) Collected PIN and target telephone number from Pref-MS to Pref-AS. + - (15) Pref authentication information from Pref-AS to Pref Authentication Function (Pref-A). + - (16) Pref Call authorized from Pref Authentication Function (Pref-A) to Pref-AS. +- Pref call setup between Calling UA and PSTN:** + - (17) reINVITE from Pref-AS to Calling SIP UA. + - (18) BYE to Pref-MS from Pref-AS. + - (19) 200 OK to Pref-AS from Calling SIP UA. + - (20) 200 OK to Pref-AS from Pref-MS. + - (21) INVITE from Pref-AS to Provider Signaling Gateway Function. + - (22) 200 OK to Pref-AS from Provider Signaling Gateway Function. + - (23) reINVITE from Pref-AS to Calling SIP UA. + - (24) 200 OK to Pref-AS from Calling SIP UA. + - (25) Pref RTP Media Exchange between Calling SIP UA and Provider Media Gateway Function. + +Sequence diagram illustrating VoIP preferential treatment using PIN authentication message flow. The diagram shows interactions between a Calling SIP UA, Provider Media Gateway Function, Provider P-CSCF #1 Function, Provider P-CSCF #2 Function, Provider S-CSCF Functions, Provider Pref Application Server (AS) Function, Provider Pref Media Server (MS) Function, Pref Authentication Function (Pref-A), and Provider Signaling Gateway Function. The process is divided into three phases: Calling SIP UA Registration, Pref Authentication of Calling UA, and Pref call setup between Calling UA and PSTN. + +J.262(09)\_F01 + +**Figure 1 – VoIP preferential treatment using PIN authentication message flow** + +### 6.2 IPCablecom2 PIN authentication of VoIP UA call to VoIP UA + +SIP user agent (UA) functions have to register with the IMS call processing function of the service provider so that they can place and receive SIP signalled calls regardless of call type. Figure 2 depicts a PIN authenticated preferential treatment request between two VoIP SIP UAs, where the requester of the preferential treatment calls a special telephone number associated with a preferential treatment application server function. For the registration of both the calling UA and the called UA, and PIN authentication, the following basic steps occur (a number of acknowledgements and other secondary messages are not shown or addressed). Even though registration message exchanges are not specific to preferential treatment, they are included to provide the complete flow: + +- 1) The calling UA sends a REGISTER message to its serving P-CSCF, the same as in (1) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 2) The P-CSCF performs the same activity as in (2) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 3) The S-CSCF creates and sends a 401 (Unauthorized) response, the same as in (5) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. + +- 4) The P-CSCF performs the same activities to the 401 (Unauthorized) response as in (6) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 5) The calling UA performs the same actions as in (7) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 6) The P-CSCF performs the same activities to the REGISTER message as in (8) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 7) The S-CSCF performs the same activities and responds with a 200 OK, as in (11) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 8) The P-CSCF forwards the 200 OK, the same as in (12) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 9) The same as step 1 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 10) The same as step 2 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 11) The same as step 3 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 12) The same as step 4 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 13) The same as step 5 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 14) The same as step 6 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 15) The same as step 7 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 16) The same as step 8 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 17) The calling UA sends an INVITE message that is routed to the PrefTreat application server (PrefTreat-AS) function that is responsible for initiating user authentication. +- 18) The PrefTreat-AS sends an INVITE message to a PrefTreat media server (PrefTreat-MS) function that will collect the user PIN and destination UA. +- 19) The PrefTreat-MS Sends a 200 OK message to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 20) The PrefTreat-AS sends a 200 OK to the calling UA. +- 21) The calling UA and the PrefTreat-MS are now able to exchange RTP media to collect the user PIN and destination UA information entered by the calling user. +- 22) PrefTreat-MS passes the collected user PIN and destination UA to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 23) The PrefTreat-AS sends a message to the PrefTreat authentication (PrefTreat-A) functions that will verify if the supplied user PIN is valid. Another approach is to inform the PrefTreat-AS the authorized services for that user and PrefTreat-AS determines if the requested service is included in that list. +- 24) The PrefTreat-A will inform the PrefTreat-AS whether the user is authorized to originate preferential treatment service. +- 25) The PrefTreat-AS sends a reINVITE to the calling UA. +- 26) The PrefTreat-AS releases the PrefTreat-MS with a BYE message. +- 27) The calling UA sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 28) The PrefTreat-MS sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 29) The PrefTreat-AS sends an INVITE to the called UA. +- 30) The called UA sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 31) The PrefTreat-AS sends a reINVITE to the calling UA. +- 32) The calling UA sends a 200 OK to the PrefTreat-AS. +- 33) The calling and called UAs now have a preferential treatment call established and can exchange RTP media. + +![Sequence diagram showing VoIP preferential treatment service PIN authentication message flow. The diagram is divided into four color-coded phases: Registration (green), Pref Authentication (yellow), Pref call setup (blue), and Media Exchange (red). Lifelines include Calling SIP UA, Called SIP UA, Provider P-CSCF #1, Provider P-CSCF #2, Provider S-CSCF, Provider Pref Application Server (AS), Provider Pref Media Server (MS), and Pref Authentication Function (Pref-A).](af7916c89a458fdab6c3f443217388ae_img.jpg) + +The sequence diagram illustrates the message flow for VoIP preferential treatment service PIN authentication. It consists of four main phases: + +- Calling SIP UA Registration (Green):** The Calling SIP UA sends a REGISTER message (1) to Provider P-CSCF #1. Provider P-CSCF #1 forwards it to Provider S-CSCF (2). Provider S-CSCF responds with 401 Unauthorized (3). Provider P-CSCF #1 receives it (4) and forwards it to the Calling SIP UA. The Calling SIP UA adds an IPsec SA and resends REGISTER (5). Provider P-CSCF #1 forwards it (6). Provider S-CSCF responds with 200 OK (7). Provider P-CSCF #1 receives it (8). +- Called SIP UA Registration (Yellow):** The Called SIP UA sends a REGISTER message (9) to Provider P-CSCF #2. Provider P-CSCF #2 forwards it to Provider S-CSCF (10). Provider S-CSCF responds with 401 Unauthorized (11). Provider P-CSCF #2 receives it (12) and forwards it to the Called SIP UA. The Called SIP UA adds an IPsec SA and resends REGISTER (13). Provider P-CSCF #2 forwards it (14). Provider S-CSCF responds with 200 OK (15). Provider P-CSCF #2 receives it (16). +- Pref Authentication of Calling UA (Yellow):** The Calling SIP UA sends an INVITE to Pref-AS (17). Pref-AS forwards it to Pref-MS (18). Pref-MS responds with 200 OK (19). Pref-AS receives it (20) and sends Pref authentication information (PIN) and target telephone number via RTP Media Exchange (21) to the Calling SIP UA. Pref-MS collects PIN and target telephone number (22) and sends Pref authentication information (23) to Pref-AS. Pref-AS responds with Pref Call authorized (24). +- Pref call setup between Calling UA and Called UA (Blue):** Pref-AS sends a reINVITE from Pref-AS (25) to the Calling SIP UA. The Calling SIP UA responds with 200 OK to Pref-AS (27). Pref-AS forwards an INVITE from Pref-AS (29) to the Called SIP UA. The Called SIP UA responds with 200 OK to Pref-AS (30). Pref-AS sends another reINVITE from Pref-AS (31) to the Calling SIP UA. The Calling SIP UA responds with 200 OK to Pref-AS (32). Pref-AS sends a BYE to Pref-MS (26). Pref-MS responds with 200 OK to Pref-AS (28). +- Media Exchange (Red):** The Calling SIP UA and Called SIP UA exchange RTP Media Exchange (33). + +Sequence diagram showing VoIP preferential treatment service PIN authentication message flow. The diagram is divided into four color-coded phases: Registration (green), Pref Authentication (yellow), Pref call setup (blue), and Media Exchange (red). Lifelines include Calling SIP UA, Called SIP UA, Provider P-CSCF #1, Provider P-CSCF #2, Provider S-CSCF, Provider Pref Application Server (AS), Provider Pref Media Server (MS), and Pref Authentication Function (Pref-A). + +J.262(09)\_F02 + +**Figure 2 – VoIP preferential treatment service PIN authentication message flow** + +### 6.3 IPCablecom2 preferential treatment services subscription authentication in VoIP UA to VoIP UA calls – Priority signalled by the UA using R-P header in the INVITE message + +SIP user agent (UA) functions have to register with the IMS call processing function of the service provider so that they can place and receive SIP signalled calls regardless of call type. Figure 3 depicts a subscription authenticated preferential treatment request between two VoIP SIP UAs, where the requester calls a special telephone number associated with a preferential treatment service application server function. For registration of both the calling UA and the called UA, and PIN authentication for preferential treatment, the following basic steps occur (a number of acknowledgements and other secondary messages are not shown or addressed). Even though registration message exchanges are not specific to preferential treatment, they are included to provide the complete flow: + +- 1) The calling UA sends a REGISTER message to its serving P-CSCF, the same as in (1) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. + +- 2) The P-CSCF performs the same activity as in (2) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 3) The S-CSCF creates and sends a 401 (Unauthorized) response, the same as in (5) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 4) The P-CSCF performs the same activities to the 401 (Unauthorized) response as in (6) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 5) The calling UA performs the same actions as in (7) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 6) The P-CSCF performs the same activities to the REGISTER message as in (8) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 7) The S-CSCF performs the same activities and responds with a 200 OK, as in (11) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 8) The P-CSCF forwards the 200 OK, the same as in (12) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 9) The same as step 1 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 10) The same as step 2 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 11) The same as step 3 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 12) The same as step 4 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 13) The same as step 5 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 14) The same as step 6 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 15) The same as step 7 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 16) The same as step 8 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 17) The calling UA sends an INVITE message that is routed to the S-CSCF. The INVITE includes an R-P header indicating priority treatment. +- 18) The S-CSCF queries the HSS to determine if the calling UA is authorized to place a preferential treatment service call. +- 19) The HSS responds to the S-CSCF either authorizing (acknowledgement) or not authorizing. +- 20) The S-CSCF sends an INVITE to the called UA's serving P-CSCF. +- 21) The called UA's serving P-CSCF forwards the INVITE to the called UA. +- 22) The called UA sends a 200 OK to the S-CSCF. +- 23) The S-CSCF sends a 200 OK to the calling UA's serving P-CSCF. +- 24) The calling UA's serving P-CSCF sends a 200 OK to the calling UA. +- 25) The calling and called UAs now have a preferential treatment call established and can exchange RTP media. + +![Sequence diagram of VoIP subscription authentication message flow. Lifelines: Calling SIP UA, Called SIP UA, Provider P-CSCF #1 Function, Provider P-CSCF #2 Function, Provider S-CSCF Functions, Provider Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Function. The diagram is divided into three phases: Calling SIP UA Registration (steps 1-8), Called SIP UA Registration (steps 9-16), and Pref subscription authentication and call setup between Calling UA and Called UA (steps 17-25).](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CUA as Calling SIP UA + participant CDUA as Called SIP UA + participant P1 as Provider P-CSCF #1 Function + participant P2 as Provider P-CSCF #2 Function + participant S as Provider S-CSCF Functions + participant HSS as Provider Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Function + + rect rgb(200, 255, 200) + Note over CUA, S: Calling SIP UA Registration + CUA->>P1: (1) REGISTER + P1->>P2: (2) REGISTER + P2-->>P1: (3) 401 Unauthorized + P1-->>CUA: (4) 401 Unauthorized + CUA<->P1: IPsec SA + P1<->CUA: IPsec SA + CUA->>P1: (5) REGISTER + P1->>P2: (6) REGISTER + P2-->>S: (7) 200 OK + S-->>P1: (8) 200 OK + end + + rect rgb(255, 255, 200) + Note over CDUA, S: Called SIP UA Registration + CDUA->>P1: (9) REGISTER + P1->>P2: (10) REGISTER + P2-->>S: (11) 401 Unauthorized + S-->>P1: (12) 401 Unauthorized + CDUA<->P1: IPsec SA + P1<->CDUA: IPsec SA + CDUA->>P1: (13) REGISTER + P1->>P2: (14) REGISTER + P2-->>S: (15) 200 OK + S-->>P1: (16) 200 OK + end + + rect rgb(0, 200, 255) + Note over CUA, HSS: Pref subscription authentication and call setup between Calling UA and Called UA + CUA->>CDUA: (17) INVITE to Called UA + CDUA->>HSS: (18) Query HSS + HSS-->>CDUA: (19) ack from HSS + CDUA->>S: (20) INVITE from S-CSCF + S->>P1: (21) INVITE from P-CSCF + P1-->>CDUA: (22) 200 OK to S-CSCF + CDUA-->>S: (23) 200 OK from S-CSCF + S-->>CUA: (24) 200 OK from P-CSCF + end + + CUA<->CDUA: (25) Pref RTP Media Exchange + +``` + +Sequence diagram of VoIP subscription authentication message flow. Lifelines: Calling SIP UA, Called SIP UA, Provider P-CSCF #1 Function, Provider P-CSCF #2 Function, Provider S-CSCF Functions, Provider Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Function. The diagram is divided into three phases: Calling SIP UA Registration (steps 1-8), Called SIP UA Registration (steps 9-16), and Pref subscription authentication and call setup between Calling UA and Called UA (steps 17-25). + +J.262(09)\_F03 + +**Figure 3 – VoIP subscription authentication message flow – Priority signalled by the UA, using R-P header in the INVITE message** + +### 6.4 IPCablecom2 preferential treatment services subscription authentication in VoIP UA to VoIP UA Calls – Priority signalled by the UA, using an identifier + +There are two options defined in [b-ITU-T J.263] to indicate that a call is to be given preferential treatment. In this clause the UA sends an identifier, which is included as a trigger, in the initial filter criteria contained in the user profile. The call flow is the same as in Figure 3, except for the following steps. After step 6, where the P-CSCF sends a REGISTER message to the S-CSCF, a request is sent to the HSS to retrieve the user profile, and not when the INVITE is received in Step 18. The HSS returns the initial filter criteria for the user, which includes enabling the detection of identifiers (for example, a feature code along with a special destination number or a special access number with PIN are defined) for determining that the user is requesting a preferential treatment call. Steps 18 and 19 are performed during registration and not after the INVITE message is initiated in step 17. The initial filter criterion is used to determine the preferential treatment application server to which the INVITE request is forwarded. In step 17, the INVITE includes the identifier in the SDP instead of the R-P header of the previous case. The identifier triggers the preferential treatment processing at the P-CSCF, where the R-P header is inserted with the appropriate priority value as discussed in [b-ITU-T J.263]. + +- 1) The calling UA sends a REGISTER message to its serving P-CSCF, the same as in (1) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. This message contains an identifier indicating a preferential telecommunications service user. +- 2) The P-CSCF performs the same activity as in (2) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 3) The S-CSCF creates and sends a 401 (Unauthorized) response, the same as in (5) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. + +- 4) The P-CSCF performs the same activities to the 401 (Unauthorized) response as in (6) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 5) The calling UA performs the same actions as in (7) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 6) The P-CSCF performs the same activities to the REGISTER message as in (8) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 7) The S-CSCF queries the HSS to determine if the calling UA is authorized to place a preferential treatment service call. +- 8) The HSS returns either the initial filter criteria for the user, if authorized, that includes enabling the detection of identifiers (for example, a feature code along with special destination number or special access number with PIN are defined) for determining that the user is requesting a preferential treatment call, or it returns "not authorized". +- 9) The S-CSCF responds with a 200 OK, the same as in (11) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 10) The P-CSCF forwards the 200 OK, the same as in (12) in Figure III.4 of [ITU-T J.360]. +- 11) The same as step 1 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 12) The same as step 2 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 13) The same as step 3 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 14) The same as step 4 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 15) The same as step 5 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 16) The same as step 6 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 17) The same as step 9 above, but between the called UA's serving P-CSCF and the S-CSCF. +- 18) The same as step 10 above, but between the called UA and its serving P-CSCF. +- 19) The calling UA sends an INVITE message with the preferential user identifier, which is routed to the S-CSCF. +- 20) The S-CSCF sends an INVITE to the called UA's serving P-CSCF. +- 21) The called UA's serving P-CSCF forwards the INVITE to the called UA. +- 22) The called UA sends a 200 OK to the S-CSCF. +- 23) The S-CSCF sends a 200 OK to the calling UA's serving P-CSCF. +- 24) The calling UA's serving P-CSCF sends a 200 OK to the calling UA. +- 25) The calling and called UAs now have a preferential treatment call established and can exchange RTP media. + +![Sequence diagram of VoIP subscription authentication message flow. Lifelines: Calling SIP UA, Called SIP UA, Provider P-CSCF #1 Function, Provider P-CSCF #2 Function, Provider S-CSCF Functions, Provider Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Function. The diagram is divided into three phases: Calling SIP UA Registration (green), Called SIP UA Registration (yellow), and Pref subscription authentication and call setup between Calling UA and Called UA (blue). It shows REGISTER, 401 Unauthorized, 200 OK, and INVITE messages with IPsec SA exchanges.](8fbdfc3d17fb1dae7b2d8f5a287fa9fc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the message flow for VoIP subscription authentication, organized into three vertical phases: + +- Calling SIP UA Registration (Green Phase):** + - (1) REGISTER from Calling SIP UA to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (2) REGISTER from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (3) 401 Unauthorized from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (4) 401 Unauthorized from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Calling SIP UA. + - IPsec SA exchange between Calling SIP UA and Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (5) REGISTER from Calling SIP UA to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (6) REGISTER from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (7) Query HSS from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Function. + - (8) ack from HSS from Provider Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Function to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (9) 200 OK from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (10) 200 OK from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Calling SIP UA. +- Called SIP UA Registration (Yellow Phase):** + - (11) REGISTER from Called SIP UA to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (12) REGISTER from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (13) 401 Unauthorized from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (14) 401 Unauthorized from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Called SIP UA. + - IPsec SA exchange between Called SIP UA and Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (15) REGISTER from Called SIP UA to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (16) REGISTER from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (17) 200 OK from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (18) 200 OK from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Called SIP UA. +- Pref subscription authentication and call setup between Calling UA and Called UA (Blue Phase):** + - (19) INVITE to Called UA from Calling SIP UA to Provider S-CSCF Functions. + - (20) INVITE from S-CSCF from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (21) INVITE from P-CSCF from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Called SIP UA. + - (22) 200 OK to S-CSCF from Called SIP UA to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (23) 200 OK from S-CSCF from Provider S-CSCF Functions to Provider P-CSCF #1 Function. + - (24) 200 OK from P-CSCF from Provider P-CSCF #1 Function to Calling SIP UA. + - (25) Pref RTP Media Exchange between Calling SIP UA and Called SIP UA. + +Sequence diagram of VoIP subscription authentication message flow. Lifelines: Calling SIP UA, Called SIP UA, Provider P-CSCF #1 Function, Provider P-CSCF #2 Function, Provider S-CSCF Functions, Provider Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Function. The diagram is divided into three phases: Calling SIP UA Registration (green), Called SIP UA Registration (yellow), and Pref subscription authentication and call setup between Calling UA and Called UA (blue). It shows REGISTER, 401 Unauthorized, 200 OK, and INVITE messages with IPsec SA exchanges. + +J.262(09)\_F04 + +**Figure 4 – VoIP subscription authentication message flow – Priority signalled by the UA, using an identifier** + +## 7 IPCablecom2 preferential telecommunication services authentication requirements + +The following are specific requirements for authentication of preferential telecommunications sessions within the IPCablecom2 architecture. + +If used in the UEs, they must be able to securely store usernames and passwords in a manner that minimizes risk. If this approach is used, the UE should prompt users for username and password. + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T E.106] Recommendation ITU-T E.106 (2003), *International Emergency Preference Scheme (IEPS) for disaster relief operations.* +- [b-ITU-T J.263] Recommendation ITU-T J.263 (2009), *Specification for priority in preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 networks.* +- [b-ITU-T J.366.8] Recommendation ITU-T J.366.8 (2006), *IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Network domain security specification.* +- [b-ITU-T X.800] Recommendation ITU-T X.800 (1991), *Security architecture for Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT applications.* +- [b-ITU-T Y.1271] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1271 (2004), *Framework(s) on network requirements and capabilities to support emergency telecommunications over evolving circuit-switched and packet-switched networks.* +- [b-ITU-T Y.2205] Recommendation ITU-T Y.2205 (2008), *Next Generation Networks – Emergency telecommunications – Technical considerations.* +- [b-ITU-T Y.2702] Recommendation ITU-T Y.2702 (2008), *Authentication and authorization requirements for NGN release 1.* +- [b-IETF RFC 2560] IETF RFC 2560 (1999), *X.509 Internet Public Key Infrastructure Online Certificate Status Protocol – OCSP.* +- [b-IETF RFC 2865] IETF RFC 2865 (2000), *Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS).* +- [b-IETF RFC 3261] IETF RFC 3261 (2002), *SIP: Session Initiation Protocol.* +- [b-IETF RFC 3550] IETF RFC 3550 (2003), *Transport protocol for Real-Time Applications.* +- [b-IETF RFC 3588] IETF RFC 3588 (2003), *Diameter Base Protocol.* +- [b-IETF RFC 4120] IETF RFC 4120 (2005), *The Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5).* +- [b-IETF RFC 4301] IETF RFC 4301 (2005), *Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol.* +- [b-IETF RFC 4302] IETF RFC 4302 (2005), *IP Authentication Header.* +- [b-IETF RFC 4303] IETF RFC 4303 (2005), *IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP).* +- [b-IETF RFC 4306] IETF RFC 4306 (2005), *Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Protocol.* +- [b-IETF RFC 4346] IETF RFC 4346 (2006), *The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.1.* +- [b-IETF RFC 4513] IETF RFC 4513 (2006), *Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Authentication Methods and Security Mechanisms.* + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No 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+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:1973c4668fa346a4ba4c182fdd01c670d47baf96418204fb8e258cbac53ef7fb +size 192992 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.263-200910-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.263-200910-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f61ff92742a60dd377b655150123149012f33cb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.263-200910-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,624 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.263** + +(10/2009) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**Specification for priority in preferential +telecommunications over IPCablecom2 +networks** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.263 + +![ITU logo](84a1d09fb489061482111515543b60dc_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) features a globe with a red lightning bolt striking it, symbolizing global connectivity and telecommunications. The text "International Telecommunication Union" is written in blue to the right of the globe. + +ITU logo + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.263** + +# **Specification for priority in preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 networks** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.263 is one of a series of Recommendations to enable support for preferential telecommunication services over IPCablecom2 networks. It defines the specifications for priority for preferential telecommunication services over IPCablecom2 networks. These specifications satisfy the requirements defined in Recommendation ITU-T J.260. The essential aspects of preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 can be grouped into two areas: prioritization and authentication. This Recommendation provides specifications for prioritization only. Prioritization may be utilized for premium services and for emergency services in IPCablecom2 that may require preferential treatment (e.g., telecommunications for disaster relief and the emergency telecommunications service). + +The implementation of priority and authentication is necessary for the support of preferential telecommunications services in IPCablecom networks. This Recommendation only covers technical aspects for achieving prioritized treatment in IPCablecom2 networks. + +## **Source** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.263 was approved on 30 October 2009 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2009-2012) under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2010 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Priority in IPCablecom2 ..... | 3 | +| 6.1 Priority signalling in IPCablecom2 ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 Priority-enabling mechanisms in IPCablecom2 ..... | 3 | +| 7 Requirements for signalling priority in IPCablecom2..... | 11 | +| 7.1 Requirements using option 1 ..... | 11 | +| 7.2 Requirements using option 2 ..... | 12 | +| 8 Requirements for the priority enabling mechanism in IPCablecom2..... | 12 | +| 8.1 SIP UA and CM..... | 12 | +| 8.2 CMTS ..... | 12 | +| 8.3 PCRF ..... | 13 | +| 8.4 P-CSCF..... | 14 | +| 8.5 Preferential Treatment-AS (PrefTreat-AS) ..... | 14 | +| Annex A – Namespace used for ITU Region A ..... | 15 | +| Annex B – Namespace used for ITU Region B ..... | 15 | +| Annex C – Namespace used for ITU Region C ..... | 15 | +| Annex D – Namespace used for ITU Region D ..... | 15 | +| Annex E – Namespace used for ITU Region E ..... | 16 | +| Appendix I – Example of use of the R-P header..... | 17 | +| Bibliography..... | 18 | + +# Introduction + +Emergency and disaster communications for authorized users plays a vital role in the health, safety, and welfare of people in all countries. The common thread to facilitate emergency/disaster operations is the utility of assured capabilities for user-friendly preferential telecommunication services that may be realized by technical solutions and/or administrative policy. The IPCablecom2 infrastructure offers an important resource for assured emergency/disaster telecommunications. + +Emergency and disaster situations can impact telecommunication infrastructures. Typical impacts may include congestion overload and the need to re-deploy or extend communications capabilities beyond that covered by existing infrastructures. Even when telecommunications infrastructures are not damaged by these situations, demand for telecommunication resources soar during such events. Therefore, priority mechanisms are needed so that limited bandwidth resources can be allocated to authorized emergency workers during emergency and disaster situations. + +Generally, when prioritized or preferential treatment of telecommunication capabilities are offered, users of the associated service or services will be authenticated and authorized. Whether authentication and authorization are required or not is a national decision. However, without authentication and authorization, preferential treatment capabilities may be subject to abuse by non-authorized individuals. + +This Recommendation provides specifications stemming from the requirements of [ITU-T J.260] for mechanisms to provide priority in IPCablecom2 networks in support of preferential/prioritized treatment to services that need or benefit from such treatment. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.263 + +# Specification for priority in preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom2 networks + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation is one of a series of Recommendations to enable support for preferential telecommunication services over IPCablecom networks. These specifications do not apply to ordinary emergency calls such as people calling the police, the fire department, ambulances, etc. + +Aspects of preferential telecommunications include provisions for authentication and priority (special handling). The objective of this Recommendation is to provide an initial set of priority specifications for preferential telecommunications within IPCablecom2 networks according to the framework described in [ITU-T J.261]. This Recommendation defines two options for introducing the priority header during signalling. This Recommendation defines specifications for capabilities which, when implemented, should help support preferential telecommunication services. + +NOTE – Pre-emption specifications and authorization specifications are outside the scope of this Recommendation and are considered to be national matters. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.179] Recommendation ITU-T J.179 (2004), *IPCablecom support for multimedia*. +- [ITU-T J.260] Recommendation ITU-T J.260 (2005), *Requirements for preferential telecommunications over IPCablecom networks*. +- [ITU-T J.261] Recommendation ITU-T J.261 (2009), *Framework for implementing preferential telecommunications in IPCablecom and IPCablecom2 networks*. +- [IETF RFC 4412] IETF RFC 4412 (2006), *Communications Resource Priority for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +- 3.1.1 assured capabilities** [ITU-T J.260]: Capabilities providing high confidence or certainty that critical telecommunications are available and perform reliably. +- 3.1.2 authentication** [ITU-T J.260]: The act or method used to verify a claimed identity. +- 3.1.3 authorization** [ITU-T J.260]: The act of determining if a particular privilege, such as access to telecommunications resources, can be granted to the presenter of a particular credential. + +**3.1.4 emergency situation** [ITU-T J.260]: A situation, of serious nature, that develops suddenly and unexpectedly. Extensive immediate important efforts, facilitated by telecommunications, may be required to restore a state of normality to avoid further risk to people or property. If this situation escalates, it may become a crisis and/or disaster. + +**3.1.5 international emergency situation** [ITU-T J.260]: An emergency situation, across international boundaries, that affects more than one country. + +**3.1.6 label** [ITU-T J.260]: An identifier occurring within or attached to data elements. In the context of preferential telecommunications it is an indication of priority. This identifier can be used as a mapping mechanism between different network priority levels. + +**3.1.7 policy** [ITU-T J.260]: Rules (or methods) for allocating telecommunications network resources among types of traffic that may be differentiated by labels. + +**3.1.8 preferential** [ITU-T J.260]: A capability offering advantage over regular capabilities. + +**3.1.9 priority treatment capabilities** [ITU-T J.260]: Capabilities that provide premium access to, and/or use of telecommunications network resources. + +# **4 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------| +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMTS | Cable Modem Termination System | +| COPS | Common Open Policy Service (defined in [b-IETF RFC 2748]) | +| CSCF | Call Session Control Function | +| DSA | Dynamic Service Add | +| DSCP | Differentiated Services Code Point | +| MTA | Media Terminal Adapter | +| P-CSCF | Proxy Call Session Control Function | +| PCRF | Policy Control and Charging Rules Function | +| PIN | Personal Identification Number | +| PRACK | Provisional Response ACKnowledgement | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| R-P | Resource Priority | +| RTP | Real-time Transport Protocol | +| UA | User Agent | + +# **5 Conventions** + +None. + +# 6 Priority in IPCablecom2 + +Prioritization entails obtaining a higher probability for completing a call or session. This capability should exist on the access link and it must also be propagated throughout all relevant network entities to provide, as much as possible, end-to-end preferential treatment. + +The framework Recommendation [ITU-T J.261] defines three aspects related to priority: the labelling, signalling and enabling mechanisms. The following clauses contain the specifications for the signalling and an enabling mechanism. As stated in the framework, placing the priority label in the data packets transmitted using RTP is not available. As a result, this Recommendation addresses only the requirements for signalling and enabling mechanisms. Several alternative methods are defined, which include the following: + +- defining a new per hop behaviour for preferential traffic, +- a new shim layer protocol over IP, +- marking an application layer packet, and +- allocating a Diffserv code point, MPLS label, Ethernet Class of Service or other priority markings to label the packets associated with particular messages. + +## 6.1 Priority signalling in IPCablecom2 + +The framework identifies the use of Resource-Priority and Accept-Resource-Priority headers defined in [IETF RFC 4412] to signal the priority in SIP request and response messages. [IETF RFC 4412] defines the term RP actor. This term refers to all entities that act upon the Resource-Priority header. These entities are the SIP proxies and the SIP user agents (UAs). In IPCablecom2, the SIP proxies are collectively called CSCF (call session control function). The UAs are the end points that initiate and receive a session: they are respectively the SIP UAC (user agent client) and SIP UAS (user agent server). These will both be referred to as the SIP UA. + +There are two options for handling the R-P header. In the first option, the SIP UA shall include the R-P header, as described in section 4.7.1 of [IETF RFC 4412], in the request messages when requesting sessions in support of preferential telecommunication services. In the second option, a proxy CSCF shall generate and insert an appropriate R-P header based upon the information received in the session set-up request. The requirements to be supported by the functional entities in IPCablecom2 networks are included in clause 7. + +The R-P header syntax, as defined by [IETF RFC 4412], requires defining a namespace, values for priority levels, an algorithm to be used by the RP actors and new response (error) codes relevant for this namespace. The namespace definition must be registered with IANA. + +[IETF RFC 4412] defines two algorithms for providing priority even though the new namespace definition may specify other algorithms. The two algorithms defined by the RFC are preemption and priority queuing. + +Appendix I illustrates the components required for a namespace definition according to [IETF RFC 4412]. Annexes A to E identify the namespace specific to each ITU region. + +## 6.2 Priority-enabling mechanisms in IPCablecom2 + +Appendix II of [b-ITU-T J.360] and [ITU-T J.179] define interfaces to set up policies and control for enabling QoS to support resource management for new services, including those that require preferential treatment. Even though QoS is not meant to imply priority, one of the considerations for the QoS architecture in IPCablecom2 networks is prioritization for sessions. [ITU-T J.179]-specified COPS interfaces between the application manager, the policy server and CMTS may be used to perform resource management and admission control. Expanding on the COPS-defined objects, a new object called GateSpec is defined. The GateSpec object specifies a session class ID with several subfields to set priority and enable preemption of lower priority + +services if necessary (and allowed). The session class ID has bits 0-2 with priority values between 0 (lowest) to 7 (highest). This Recommendation does not assign values for the services that require preferential treatment. It is, therefore, necessary for users and service providers to assign the values associated with the different services. + +The enabling of prioritization in IPCablecom2 networks is composed of two components. The first is at the data link layer and involves making DOCSIS service flows more promptly available for gates of a certain session class. The second is at the session layer and involves describing the priority status of a call so that the information can be propagated to all relevant entities in the network. [ITU-T J.179] defines the process for associating the gates to the service flows. + +In order to describe the flow of messages between the various functional entities, different scenarios can be studied. Two examples are shown here and they correspond to the following cases: + +- 1) The flow is shown from the call origination perspective and resources are available immediately (Figures 1 and 2). +- 2) The flow is shown from the call origination perspective and the resources are available later, during the call set up (Figure 3). + +Depending on the two options discussed in clause 6.1 relative to where the R-P header is inserted, the service flow is set up by the CMTS without requiring any gates to be set up by the PCRF. In option 1, the CM may request service flows (downstream and upstream) be set up with traffic priority for preferential services, based on a configuration file. The CM sends the INVITE in this service flow instead of in the primary service flow, as in option 2. The CMTS, based on the R-P header priority, can offer requests for additional bandwidth and contention request opportunities when congestion may prevent the CM from sending requests through to CMTS for upstream traffic. Option 1 may, in addition, use the exchanges to set up gates, as in option 2, for resource management and admission control. + +### **6.2.1 Priority call/session origination example for option 1 – Resources available during session request** + +The flows in Figure 1 show the case of option 1 to set up QoS-based service flows for preferential telecommunications in the cable access network over an IPCablecom2 network. The key items illustrated are: (1) how the CM, provisioned for priority signalling during registration, forwards the initial INVITE request from the SIP UA on that service flow; (2) how the P-CSCF reserves and activates priority resources for the bearer to support preferential treatment; and (3) how the cable access network implements requests from the P-CSCF for priority resources. In this example, the call/session originates from a device that is authorized for preferential telecommunication services. If the call/session originates from a device that supports processing the R-P header, then a dynamic service flow for priority signalling will be set up using the DSA message, if it was not already set up during registration. The service flow will be created with the appropriate traffic priority associated with the reservation priority in the R-P header. + +The message sequence to set up a call/session from a preferential telecommunication service user is shown in Figure 1. The flow only shows the steps through setting up the bearer resources. The service flow set up during registration is for priority signalling and bearer. Resources are reserved after the P-CSCF processes the INVITE request. The remaining steps use the illustrated service flows for signalling and bearer between the CM and the CMTS. The details of the release sequence and error conditions are not included in the example below. + +A high level summary of the message exchange is provided below: + +1. The SIP UA generates the initial INVITE with the R-P header in step A1. +2. When the CM receives A1, it processes the R-P header and determines the service flow that was set up for preferential telecommunication service. It waits for the special contention request opportunity for that service flow and then sends the contention request (A2). + +3. The CMTS processes the request and determines the traffic priority for that service flow. It includes a grant in a subsequent MAP message (A3) for that service flow. +4. This allows the CM to send the packet (A4) over the signalling service flow for the preferential treatment service. +5. Having received a packet, the CMTS processes it and sends a completed IP packet to the P-CSCF (A5). If the IP packet needed to be segmented or if the initial INVITE was split into multiple IP packets by the UE, steps A2-A5 would be repeated until the entire INVITE is sent to the P-CSCF. The only difference is that the CM could include a follow-up request to send in the data packet in step A4, which would eliminate the need to wait for another contention request opportunity. The CMTS processes the request according to the traffic priority assigned for the service flow by giving it a priority over other normal sessions. +6. When the P-CSCF receives the INVITE, it recognizes that this is a preferential telecommunication service request (A6) and, at this point, special processing is invoked. For the remainder of the session, it will give priority over normal sessions in processing messages related to this session. +7. The P-CSCF issues a Diameter AA-request to the PCRF (A7) to reserve bearer resources, as normal, with the following enhancements for preferential treatment: (1) it will set the value of the Reservation-Priority AVP to the appropriate priority as specified by the service provider or regional authority and (2) it may include a special DSCP value to be used for transmitting IP packets in the service provider's network. +8. The PCRF will recognize the Reservation-Priority value and give priority in processing the message. The resulting Gate-Set messages (A8) sent to the CMTS will include a SessionClassID value that would be assigned for preferential treatment. Since the cable access network service flows are unidirectional, the PCRF would prepare a pair of Gate-Set messages: upstream and downstream. +9. The CMTS will recognize the value of the SessionClassID value and give priority in processing the request. If resources are available, a normal DSA-REQ (A9), DSA-RSP (A10), and DSA-ACK (A11) sequence occurs. +10. When the PCRF has received the Gate-Set ACK (A12) and forwarded the reservation response to the P-CSCF (A13), the P-CSCF sends the INVITE with the RPH header to the core network (A14). +11. After the INVITE has been processed in the core network, a message will be sent back to the P-CSCF with the answer to the offer, namely, the 183 Session Progress message. The same sequence will occur in the cable access network whenever the answer is received. When the P-CSCF receives the answer (C1), it will forward the answer to the SIP UA (C2-C3) and the message will be sent using the priority signalling flow that was established during registration. +12. The P-CSCF will also activate the bearer resources (C4) that had been previously reserved. +(NOTE – The answer may modify the original offer, but the same sequence of messages occurs.) +13. Since the activation request includes the preferential treatment Reservation-Priority value, the PCRF treats this as a priority request and creates the appropriate Gate-Set messages (C5). The CMTS processes them with priority (C6-C8) and since the resources have already been reserved, the pre-assigned resources are activated. Since the UGS upstream service flow has defined QoS parameters, there is no need for any additional preferential treatment priority. The QoS parameters in the downstream flow guarantee that the CMTS will transmit downstream traffic correctly. The downstream flow will be assigned the Traffic Priority value to allow cable modems to give priority when sending the data packets to the SIP UA. + +14. After the flows are activated, the CMTS responds to the PCRF (C9) and the PCRF responds to the P-CSCF (C10). At this point, the bearer stream is active for the session. +15. The SIP UA will respond with a PRACK (D1). The CM will use the signalling service flow set up during registration to send the request (D2). It will use a special contention request opportunity to send a request. +16. The CMTS will recognize that the Traffic Priority for this service flow has the preferential treatment Traffic Priority value and will give this request priority over other best effort service flow requests. It will send a grant message (D3) and the CM will send the data packet in the slot provided (D4). This packet will be forwarded by the CMTS to the P-CSCF (D5). The IP packet may be assigned a special DSCP value to ensure the packet has priority in the service provider's network. +17. The remainder of the call set-up proceeds normally using the service flows that have been set up for signalling and bearer. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating priority call/session origination. Lifelines: SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, P-CSCF. The diagram is divided into three color-coded sections: Green (A1-A14), Yellow (C1-C10), and Blue (D1-D5). Annotations explain the actions of the CM, CMTS, and P-CSCF regarding service flow creation and activation. At the bottom, a flow diagram shows the transition from a standard Media Bearer (RTP) to one with priority DSCP after the Priority Bearer Svc. Flow is established.](007b053fe94a8348f75128a584503fd0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for priority call/session origination across five lifelines: SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, and P-CSCF. It is organized into three main phases: + +- Green Phase (A1-A14):** + - The SIP UA sends a **(A1) Pref Priority INVITE** with **Pref-ID + DNS Request** and an **SDP offer** to the CM. + - The CM responds with a **(A2) Contention Request** to the CMTS. + - The CMTS replies with a **(A3) Grant** and sets up a **(A4) Priority Signalling Service Flow**. + - The CM then sends an **(A5) INVITE Request** to the P-CSCF. + - The P-CSCF responds with **(A6) Recognize Pref Call** and a **(A7) Bearer Reserve Req. {Reservation Priority AVP}** to the PCRF. + - The PCRF sends a **(A8) Gate Set** message to the CMTS. + - The CMTS responds with **(A9) DSA-REQ**, **(A10) DSA-RSP**, and **(A11) DSA-ACK** to the CM. + - The CMTS also sends a **(A12) Gate-Set ACK** to the PCRF. + - The PCRF sends a **(A13) Bearer Reserve Req. Response** to the P-CSCF. + - Finally, the P-CSCF sends an **(A14) INVITE with RPH** back to the CM. +- Yellow Phase (C1-C10):** + - The P-CSCF sends a **(C1) 183 with RPH** to the CMTS. + - The CMTS forwards it as a **(C2) 183 Session Progress with RPH SDP answer** to the CM. + - The CM sets up a **(C3) Priority Signalling Svc. Flow**. + - The CM sends a **(C4) Bearer Activate Req. {Reservation Priority AVP}** to the PCRF. + - The PCRF sends a **(C5) Gate-Set** to the CMTS. + - The CMTS responds with **(C6) DSC-REQ**, **(C7) DSC-RSP**, and **(C8) DSC-ACK** to the CM. + - The CMTS also sends a **(C9) Gate-Set ACK** to the PCRF. + - The PCRF sends a **(C10) Bearer Activate Req. Response** to the P-CSCF. +- Blue Phase (D1-D5):** + - The SIP UA sends a **(D1) PRACK** to the CM. + - The CM sends a **(D2) Contention Request** to the CMTS. + - The CMTS replies with a **(D3) Grant** and sets up another **(D4) Priority Signalling Svc. Flow**. + - The CMTS then forwards the packet as a **(D5) PRACK** to the P-CSCF. + +Annotations in the diagram provide additional context: + +- All Gate-set messages** shown represent a pair of Gate-Set messages: one for uplink traffic and one for downlink traffic. Cable Access Service Flows are unidirectional. +- Creates bearer service flows** in the Admitted state. NOTE – Bearer data, if transmitted primary service flow. CMTS does not stop data. +- Moves the bearer service flows** to the Active state to allow transmitting bearer data packets on the prioritized flow. +- The P-CSCF** sends a message to the PCRF to reserve the bearer resources. +- The P-CSCF** activates the flows for the previously reserved resources. + +At the bottom, a flow diagram shows the transition from a standard **Media Bearer (RTP)** to one with **priority DSCP** once the **Priority Bearer Svc. Flow** is established. A note indicates that the **Normal Call setup Continues** after these initial steps. + +Sequence diagram illustrating priority call/session origination. Lifelines: SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, P-CSCF. The diagram is divided into three color-coded sections: Green (A1-A14), Yellow (C1-C10), and Blue (D1-D5). Annotations explain the actions of the CM, CMTS, and P-CSCF regarding service flow creation and activation. At the bottom, a flow diagram shows the transition from a standard Media Bearer (RTP) to one with priority DSCP after the Priority Bearer Svc. Flow is established. + +**Figure 1 – Priority call/session origination example for option 1 – Resources available during session request** + +### 6.2.2 Priority call/session origination example for option 1– Initial resource failure + +The sequence of messages to process and transmit the INVITE with the R-P header to the P-CSCF is the same as in Figure 1. The exchange of messages and the resulting success or failure to complete the call/session set up when resources are not available initially (when request for reservation was sent) follows the same steps described in 6.2.4 for option 2, except for the steps required for setting up the signalling service flow. + +### 6.2.3 Priority call/session origination example for option 2 – Resources available during session request + +The flows in Figure 2 show the case of option 2 to set up QoS-based service flows for preferential telecommunications in the cable access network over an IPCablecom2 network. The key items illustrated are (1) how the CM forwards the initial INVITE request from the UE, before the P-CSCF requests priority signalling resources; (2) how the P-CSCF reserves and activates priority resources for the bearer to support preferential treatment; and (3) how the cable access network implements requests from the P-CSCF for priority resources. + +The message sequence to set up a call from a preferential telecommunication service user is shown in Figure 2. The flow only shows the steps through setting up the bearer resources. The remaining steps use the illustrated service flows for signalling and bearer between the CM and the CMTS. The details of the release sequence and error conditions are not included in the example. + +A high level summary of the message exchange is provided below: + +1. The SIP UA generates the initial INVITE in step A1. +2. When the CM receives A1, it does normal processing to request permission to send a packet on the upstream channel. It waits for a contention request opportunity and then sends the contention request (A2). +3. The CMTS does normal processing and includes a grant in a subsequent MAP message (A3). +4. This allows the CM to send the packet (A4) over the primary service flow. On the primary service flow, the CM competes with all other CMs that are serviced on the same upstream channel by the CMTS. +5. Having received a packet, the CMTS processes it and then sends a completed IP packet to the P-CSCF (A5). If the IP packet needed to be segmented or if the initial INVITE was split into multiple IP packets by the UE, steps A2-A5 would be repeated until the entire INVITE is sent to the P-CSCF. The only difference is that the CM could include a follow-up request to send in the data packet in step A4, which would eliminate the need to wait for another contention request opportunity. Since normal priority is used in these steps, there could be delay in the presence of overload before the INVITE arrives at the P-CSCF. +6. When the P-CSCF receives the INVITE, it recognizes that this is a preferential telecommunication service request (A6) and, at this point, special processing is invoked. For the remainder of the session, it will give priority over normal sessions in processing messages related to this session. +7. The P-CSCF issues a Diameter AA-request to the PCRF (A7) to reserve bearer resources, as normal, with the following enhancements for preferential treatment: (1) it will set the value of the Reservation-Priority AVP to the appropriate priority as specified by the service provider or regional authority and (2) it may include a special DSCP value to be used for transmitting IP packets in the service provider's network. + +8. The PCRF will recognize the Reservation-Priority value and give priority in processing the message. The resulting Gate-Set messages (A8) sent to the CMTS will include a SessionClassID value that would be assigned for preferential treatment. Since the cable access network service flows are unidirectional, the PCRF would prepare a pair of Gate-Set messages: upstream and downstream. +9. The CMTS will recognize the value of the SessionClassID value and give priority in processing the request. If resources are available, a normal DSA-REQ (A9), DSA-RSP (A10), and DSA-ACK (A11) sequence occurs. +10. When the PCRF has received the Gate-Set ACK (A12) and forwarded the reservation response to the P-CSCF (A13), the P-CSCF sends the INVITE to the core with the RPH header added (A14) to the invite (in option 1 additional processing to insert the R-P header is not required because the request from the SIP UA includes this header). +11. While the bearer reservation processing is occurring, the P-CSCF will also request establishment of priority signalling flows for subsequent signalling messages between it and the SIP UA. It does this by sending two Diameter AA-requests to the PCRF (B1) to create a new priority upstream signalling flow and a new priority downstream signalling flow that will be assigned the preferential telecommunication service Traffic Priority value. +12. The PCRF recognizes the Reservation-Priority value and gives priority in preparing Gate-Set messages to the CMTS. This (B2) is a request to create and activate new priority service flows with the Traffic Priority and the SessionClassID values assigned for the preferential telecommunication service. The classifier in the Gate-Set messages identifies the appropriate signalling IP addresses and ports. +13. The CMTS recognizes the SessionClassID value and gives priority in processing the request. It creates two priority signalling service flows (B3-B5) that have the preferential treatment Traffic Priority value. This Traffic Priority value will be used by the CMTS to give priority to upstream requests to send data packets and to give priority in processing data packets destined to the CM for downstream traffic. The classifier in the service flow will distinguish SIP signalling messages from other data traffic. +14. When the flows are set up, the CMTS responds back to the PCRF (B6) and the PCRF responds back to the P-CSCF (B7). All future signalling messages will use these flows. When the session is terminated, messages will be sent to delete the signalling service flows. +15. After the INVITE has been processed in the core network, a message will be sent back to the P-CSCF with the answer to the offer, namely, the 183 Session Progress message. The same sequence will occur in the cable access network whenever the answer is received. When the P-CSCF receives the answer (C1), it will forward the answer to the SIP UA (C2-C3) and the message will be sent using the priority signalling flow that was just established. + +NOTE 1 – This flow for option 2 covers the case where the answer included the same RPH value as in the request. In [IETF RFC 4412], RPH in responses are not allowed. This is under discussion in IETF. Therefore, the feasibility of implementing option 2 depends on further development work by the IETF with respect to RPH responses. + +16. The P-CSCF will also activate the bearer resources (C4) that had been previously reserved. +NOTE 2 – The answer may modify the original offer, but the same sequence of messages occurs. + +17. Since the activation request includes the preferential treatment Reservation-Priority value, the PCRF treats this as a priority request and creates the appropriate Gate-Set messages (C5). The CMTS processes them with priority (C6-C8) and since the resources have already been reserved, the pre-assigned resources are activated. Since the UGS upstream service flow has defined QoS parameters, there is no need for any additional preferential treatment priority. The QoS parameters in the downstream flow guarantee the CMTS will transmit downstream traffic correctly. The downstream flow will be assigned the Traffic Priority value to allow cable modems to give priority when sending the data packets to the SIP UA. +18. After the flows are activated, the CMTS responds to the PCRF (C9) and the PCRF responds to the P-CSCF (C10). At this point, the bearer stream is active for the session. +19. The SIP UA will respond with a PRACK (D1). Since the priority signalling flow is now active, the CM will use the service flow classifiers to send the request (D2) on that flow. It will either use a normal contention request or a special contention request opportunity to send a request to send. +20. The CMTS will recognize that the Traffic Priority for this service flow has the preferential treatment Traffic Priority value and give this request priority over other best effort service flow requests. It will send a grant message (D3) and the CM will send the data packet in the slot provided (D4). This packet will be forwarded by the CMTS to the P-CSCF (D5). The IP packet may be assigned a special DSCP value to ensure the packet has priority in the service provider's network. +21. The remainder of the call set up proceeds normally using the service flows that have been set up for signalling and bearer. + +![Sequence diagram for priority call/session origination. Lifelines: SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, P-CSCF. The diagram is divided into four color-coded sections: Green (A), Yellow (B), Blue (D), and a final white section. Section A shows the initial INVITE and bearer resource reservation. Section B shows priority signalling flow creation. Section C shows session progress and bearer activation. Section D shows PRACK and contention resolution. Callouts explain the actions taken by the CMTS and P-CSCF. A bottom bar indicates the transition from a standard media bearer to one with priority DSCP.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, and P-CSCF for priority call/session origination. It is divided into four main phases: + +- Green Section (A):** SIP UA sends a Pref-ID + DNS Request to CM. CM sends (A1) Pref Priority INVITE with SDP offer to CMTS. CMTS responds with (A2) Contention Request, (A3) Grant, and (A4) Primary Service Flow. PCRF sends (A5) Contention Request to P-CSCF. P-CSCF sends (A6) Recognize Pref Call, (A7) Bearer Reserve Req. {Reservation Priority AVP}, (A8) Gate Set, (A12) Gate-Set ACK, (A13) Bearer Reserve Req. Response, and (A14) INVITE with RPH. CMTS sends (A9) DSA-REQ, (A10) DSA-RSP, and (A11) DSA-ACK to CM. +- Yellow Section (B):** PCRF sends (B1) Pref signalling Req. {Reservation Priority AVP} to P-CSCF. P-CSCF sends (B2) Gate-Set to CMTS. CMTS sends (B3) DSA-REQ, (B4) DSA-RSP, and (B5) DSA-ACK to CM. CM sends (B6) Gate-Set ACK to CMTS. CMTS sends (B7) Pref signalling Req. Response to PCRF. +- Yellow Section (C):** P-CSCF sends (C1) 183 with RPH to PCRF. PCRF sends (C2) 183 Session Progress with RPH SDP answer to CMTS. CMTS sends (C3) Priority Signalling Svc. Flow to CM. PCRF sends (C4) Bearer Activate Req. {Reservation Priority AVP} to P-CSCF. P-CSCF sends (C5) Gate-Set to CMTS. CMTS sends (C6) DSC-REQ, (C7) DSC-RSP, and (C8) DSC-ACK to CM. CM sends (C9) Gate-Set ACK to CMTS. CMTS sends (C10) Bearer Activate Req. Response to PCRF. +- Blue Section (D):** SIP UA sends (D1) PRACK to CM. CM sends (D2) Contention Request to CMTS. CMTS responds with (D3) Grant and (D4) Priority Signalling Svc. Flow. PCRF sends (D5) PRACK to P-CSCF. + +Callouts provide additional context: + +- All Gate-set messages shown represent a pair of Gate-Set messages: one for uplink traffic and one for downlink traffic. Cable Access Service Flows are unidirectional.** +- Creates bearer service flows in the Admitted state. NOTE – Bearer data, if transmitted primary service flow. CMTS does not stop data.** +- This is the first point in the call where a FE begins to treat the call with priority.** +- The P-CSCF sends a message to the PCRF to reserve the bearer resources.** +- Creates priority signalling service flow.** +- Moves the bearer service flows to the Active state to allow transmitting bearer data packets on the prioritized flow.** +- The P-CSCF activates the flows for the previously reserved resources.** + +At the bottom, a bar indicates that the call setup continues normally, transitioning from a **Media Bearer (RTP)** to a **Media Bearer (RTP) with priority DSCP**, with a **Priority Bearer Svc. Flow** being established. + +Sequence diagram for priority call/session origination. Lifelines: SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, P-CSCF. The diagram is divided into four color-coded sections: Green (A), Yellow (B), Blue (D), and a final white section. Section A shows the initial INVITE and bearer resource reservation. Section B shows priority signalling flow creation. Section C shows session progress and bearer activation. Section D shows PRACK and contention resolution. Callouts explain the actions taken by the CMTS and P-CSCF. A bottom bar indicates the transition from a standard media bearer to one with priority DSCP. + +**Figure 2 – Priority call/session origination example for option 2 – Resources available during session request** + +### 6.2.4 Priority call/session origination example for option 2 – Initial resource failure + +When resources are not available, there are two possible scenarios: (1) the resources are not available when the initial INVITE arrives but become available when the SIP answer arrives, and (2) the resources are not available when the initial INVITE arrives and are still not available when the SIP answer arrives. In the first case, the call proceeds normally with no visible impact. In the second case, the call is cancelled when the resource activation request fails (see Figure 3). + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the priority call/session origination process for option 2 with an initial resource failure. The diagram shows interactions between SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, and P-CSCF. It details the flow of messages like Gate Set, DSA-REQ, DSC-REQ, Bearer Reserve Req., and INVITE, with callouts explaining resource checks and failures at the CMTS and P-CSCF. The process concludes with 'Normal call set up continues' and a media bearer flow diagram.](8fbdfc3d17fb1dae7b2d8f5a287fa9fc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the following sequence of events: + +- Initial Request:** SIP UA sends a "Pref ID + DNS Request" to the P-CSCF. +- Normal Origination Flow (A1)-(A6):** The process begins with messages from the normal origination flow. +- Resource Failure at CMTS:** + - PCRF sends **A7. Bearer Reserve Req. {Reservation Priority AVP}** to CMTS. + - CMTS responds with **(A8). Gate Set**, but a callout indicates: "CMTS has insufficient resources and fails the reservation request". + - CMTS sends **(A9). Gate Set Failed ACK** to PCRF. + - PCRF sends **A10. Bearer Reserve Req. Failed Response** to P-CSCF. +- P-CSCF Decision:** A callout for the P-CSCF states: "The P-CSCF proceeds with call set up. It will make a final check for resources when the answer arrives." The P-CSCF sends **A11. INVITE with RPH** to the SIP UA. +- Signalling Path Setup (B1-B7):** + - P-CSCF sends **B1. Pref Signalling Req. {Reservation Priority AVP}** to PCRF. + - PCRF sends **B2. Gate Set** to CMTS. + - CMTS responds with **B3. DSA-REQ**, **B4. DSA-RSP**, and **B5. DSA-ACK**. + - PCRF sends **B6. Gate Set ACK** to P-CSCF. + - P-CSCF sends **B7. Pref Signalling Req. Response** to PCRF. +- Resource Check and Activation (C1-C8):** + - SIP UA sends **C1. 183 with RPH** to P-CSCF. + - A callout for the P-CSCF states: "The P-CSCF sends an activate request to see if resources are now available." The P-CSCF sends **C2. Bearer Activate Req. {Reservation Priority AVP}** to PCRF. + - PCRF sends **C3. Gate Set** to CMTS. + - CMTS responds with **C4. DSC-REQ**, **C5. DSC-RSP**, and **C6. DSC-ACK**. + - PCRF sends **C7. Gate Set ACK** to P-CSCF. + - P-CSCF sends **C8. Bearer Activate Req. Response** to PCRF. +- Session Progress (D1-D5):** + - A callout for the CMTS states: "CMTS sees that resources are available and proceeds with the request." The CMTS sends **C10. Priority Signalling Svc. Flow** to CM. + - PCRF sends **C9. 183 Session Progress with RPH SDP Answer** to P-CSCF. + - P-CSCF sends **D1. PRACK** to SIP UA. + - SIP UA sends **D2. Contention Request** to CM. + - CM responds with **D3. Grant**. + - CM sends **D4. Priority Signalling Svc. Flow** to CMTS. + - PCRF sends **D5. PRACK** to P-CSCF. +- Final State:** A callout states: "Since resources are now available, the P-CSCF proceeds with the call as normal." The diagram concludes with "Normal call set up continues". +- Media Bearer Flow:** At the bottom, a diagram shows the media bearer flow: "Media Bearer (RTP)" from SIP UA to CM, "Priority Bearer Svc. Flow" from CM to CMTS, and "Media Bearer (RTP) with priority DSCP" from CMTS to P-CSCF. + +Sequence diagram illustrating the priority call/session origination process for option 2 with an initial resource failure. The diagram shows interactions between SIP UA, CM, CMTS, PCRF, and P-CSCF. It details the flow of messages like Gate Set, DSA-REQ, DSC-REQ, Bearer Reserve Req., and INVITE, with callouts explaining resource checks and failures at the CMTS and P-CSCF. The process concludes with 'Normal call set up continues' and a media bearer flow diagram. + +**Figure 3 – Priority call/session origination example for option 2 – Initial resource failure** + +Since resources are not available in the CMTS when the Gate-Set message (A8) arrives, the CMTS fails the request and sends a new failed reply response to the PCRF (A9) and the PCRF forwards this back to the P-CSCF (A10). The P-CSCF has two options at this point, it could fail the call or, as shown above, the P-CSCF can proceed with normal call set up and send the INVITE on (A11). In this case, the P-CSCF will do a final check for resources when the SIP answer arrives. + +When the answer arrives (C1), the P-CSCF sends an activate message to the PCRF (C2), just as if the original reservation request had succeeded. In this case, resources are available and the call proceeds normally. + +If the resources are still not available when the SIP answer arrives, the P-CSCF attempts to activate resources, the request still fails. At this point, the P-CSCF will begin normal steps to cancel the call. Because a priority service flow for signalling (B1-B7) has been set up, the P-CSCF sends a message to the PCRF (E1) to delete the priority signalling service flow. + +# 7 Requirements for signalling priority in IPCablecom2 + +## 7.1 Requirements using option 1 + +In option 1, the SIP UA includes the R-P header in the SIP INVITE message. + +### **7.1.1 Requirements for the SIP UA and CM** + +The SIP UA and CM shall process the SIP-INVITE message with the R-P header to determine that this session requires priority treatment. The CM shall use the preferential telecommunications service flow to send requests for these sessions. + +### **7.1.2 Requirements for the CMTS** + +The CMTS shall recognize and process the R-P header to give priority to these requests over other session requests. + +### **7.1.3 Requirements for the P-CSCF** + +The P-CSCF shall recognize the request for priority treatment based on the information in the SIP INVITE from the SIP UA and processes the request as defined in [IETF RFC 4412]. + +## **7.2 Requirements using option 2** + +In option 2, the SIP UA issues an indication in the session set-up (SIP-INVITE) message that this session requires priority treatment. This information may include using specific access numbers, a feature code (a special prefix assigned by the service provider or the national authority), specific destination numbers, or a combination of these. + +### **7.2.1 Requirements for the SIP UA and CM** + +Additional requirements beyond those included in existing Recommendations of the ITU-T J.300 series do not exist. + +### **7.2.2 Requirements for the CMTS** + +There are no signalling requirements for the CMTS to recognize the R-P header. + +### **7.2.3 Requirements for the P-CSCF** + +The P-CSCF shall recognize the request for priority treatment based on the information in the SIP INVITE from the SIP UA and add the R-P header with the appropriate namespace and priority level, prior to transmitting the request to the core network. + +# **8 Requirements for the priority enabling mechanism in IPCablecom2** + +## **8.1 SIP UA and CM** + +Based on the configuration during registration, service flows must be supported by the CM for preferential treatment services in option 1. + +For option 2, the access layer does not impact the SIP UA or the CM when preferential telecommunication services are invoked in the network. + +## **8.2 CMTS** + +These requirements are for both option 1 and option 2. + +The CMTS is the key to providing priority for preferential telecommunication services in the cable access network. There are two areas that need to be addressed: the CMTS needs to give priority to requests for assignment of cable resources for these services, and it needs to give priority to transmission of contention requests to send packets for these services. + +When the CMTS sees a request from the policy server to create or activate service flows, it needs to recognize the preferential telecommunication service related requests and process them with priority. + +The CMTS shall use the SessionClassID as the basis for determining which requests for resources to process and honour, and the CMTS shall process the highest priority requests first. + +A new priority SessionClassID value shall be defined according to the definition given in [ITU-T J.179] and in Appendix II of [b-ITU-T J.360] for these services. The SessionClassID value shall have a higher priority than any other SessionClassID value with the possible exception of network maintenance values. The values should be assigned by the service provider or the appropriate authority. + +The CMTS shall be able to reserve a predetermined percentage of assignable resources for preferential telecommunication service flows. When not assigned to priority service flows, these resources should be available for normal best effort service flows. + +When the CMTS receives a request to assign resources for a request with a SessionClassID value for preferential services, it shall honour that request if the CMTS has not reached the resource limit for these priority service flows. If it has reached the limit, it shall do one of the following: + +- If the CMTS has not reached other limits for assigning resources, the CMTS may allocate resources as if this were a normal priority request. +- If the CMTS chooses not to assign resources, the CMTS shall fail the request and send the normal failure response when resources are not available. + +When the CMTS is processing upstream traffic requests, the CMTS needs to recognize the Traffic Priority in the best effort and non-real time polling traffic flows and may use the Traffic Priority value for best effort flows to provide additional contention request opportunities as needed for preferential telecommunication services. The CMTS needs to honour priority request to send preferential telecommunications related messages first. + +The CMTS shall give priority to upstream traffic requests based on the Traffic Priority value assigned to the service flow. + +A new Traffic Priority value shall be defined for preferential telecommunication services. This Traffic Priority value shall have a higher priority than any other Traffic Priority value with the possible exception of network maintenance values. + +The CMTS may grant periodic special contention request opportunities to best effort service flows that are assigned a preferential telecommunications Traffic Priority value. + +When the CMTS receives IP packets destined for a CM, the CMTS needs to recognize the assigned Traffic Priority and give priority to these downstream packets. + +The CMTS shall give priority to received IP packets destined for a CM based on the Traffic Priority value assigned to the service flow. + +## **8.3 PCRF** + +Within the IPCablecom2 multimedia architecture, the PCRF functionality is equivalent to two separate functional entities: an application manager and the policy server. Application managers provide a standard way for applications to interface with the IPCablecom2 multimedia policy server. The application manager is specifically designed to interface with the IPCablecom2 elements using the Diameter Rx reference point as defined in Appendix II of [b-ITU-T J.360]. This clause provides detailed requirements for each functional element. + +### **8.3.1 IPCablecom application manager** + +The IPCablecom application manager (IPAM) needs to recognize the preferential telecommunication service Reservation-Priority AVP values in Diameter requests on the Rx reference point and use this information in communicating with the policy server. + +The IPAM shall recognize the Reservation-Priority AVP in request messages received over the Diameter Rx reference point and shall use the values to give priority in processing requests. + +The Reservation-Priority values for preferential telecommunication services shall be defined to be higher priority than other Reservation-Priority values with the possible exception of network maintenance values. + +The IPAM shall use the Reservation-Priority AVP value in creating the SessionClassID and shall convert the Reservation-Priority value to the SessionClassID value assigned for preferential telecommunication services. + +The IPAM shall use the Reservation-Priority AVP value in creating the Traffic Priority and shall convert the Reservation-Priority value to the preferential telecommunications Traffic Priority value. + +### **8.3.2 Policy server** + +In general terms, the policy server receives Gate-Set and Gate-Delete messages from the application manager in COPS decision messages, forwards them to the CMTS in COPS decision messages, and passes responses back to the application manager. + +The policy server shall recognize the SessionClassID in Gate-Set messages and the policy server shall use the values to give priority in processing requests. + +## **8.4 P-CSCF** + +When the P-CSCF detects a request for preferential telecommunications (either directly as in option 1 or indirectly as in option 2), special actions are performed in processing the request before transmitting to the core network. For IPCablecom2 applications, the following specific cable access requirements are included. + +When the P-CSCF detects a request (e.g., INVITE, SUBSCRIBE) to or from the SIP UA to establish a new preferential treatment service SIP dialogue with the SIP UA, the P-CSCF shall send a message to the PCRF to create priority signalling service flows (upstream and downstream) for option 2 and it shall include the Reservation-Priority AVP value assigned for the service. For both options, the P-CSCF shall send a message to the PCRF to create bearer service flows and it shall include the Reservation-Priority AVP value assigned for the service. + +## **8.5 Preferential Treatment-AS (PrefTreat-AS)** + +When the PrefTreat-AS detects a request to or from the SIP UA to establish a new preferential treatment data service with the SIP UA, the PrefTreat-AS shall send a message to the PCRF over the Diameter Rx reference point to create priority signalling service flows (upstream and downstream) for option 2. The PrefTreat-AS may do this when it receives the initial request, prior to completion of the authentication and authorization sequence. + +The PrefTreat-AS shall include the Reservation-Priority AVP with the value specified for these services in all messages sent to the PCRF over the Rx interface. + +# **Annex A** + +## **Namespace used for ITU Region A** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex will provide the namespace to be used in the R-P header for ITU Region A. If ITU Region A needs this namespace, then it needs to request it from IANA. The relevant instructions are found in [IETF RFC 4412]. + +# **Annex B** + +## **Namespace used for ITU Region B** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +[IETF RFC 4412]-defined "ETS" namespace must be used within ITU Region B for emergency services. + +For emergency services using wireless access, the "WPS" namespace defined in [IETF RFC 4412] must be used. + +# **Annex C** + +## **Namespace used for ITU Region C** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex will provide the namespace to be used in the R-P header for ITU Region C. If ITU Region C needs this namespace, then it needs to request it from IANA. The relevant instructions are found in [IETF RFC 4412]. + +# **Annex D** + +## **Namespace used for ITU Region D** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex will provide the namespace to be used in the R-P header for ITU Region D. If ITU Region D needs this namespace, then it needs to request it from IANA. The relevant instructions are found in [IETF RFC 4412]. + +# **Annex E** + +## **Namespace used for ITU Region E** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex will provide the namespace to be used in the R-P header for ITU Region E. If ITU Region E needs this namespace, then it needs to request it from IANA. The relevant instructions are found in [IETF RFC 4412]. + +# Appendix I + +## Example of use of the R-P header + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The following is an example of the elements required in defining the namespace for the R-P header. [IETF RFC 4412] suggests several schemes for providing priority, including preemption and priority. + +A suggested namespace definition for cable is as follows: + +The Cable preferential treatment is used in the Ipcablecom2 network when requesting priority treatment for a session by the authorized users or systems. The "CablePrefTreatment" defines the following resource values listed from lowest to highest priority: + +(lowest) CablePrefTreatment.4 + +CablePrefTreatment.3 + +CablePrefTreatment.2 + +CablePrefTreatment.1 + +(highest) CablePrefTreatment.0 + +The CablePrefTreatment namespace operates according to the priority queuing algorithm (see section 4.5.2 of [IETF RFC 4412]). + +The priority levels defined are applicable within IPCablecom2 networks. Mapping of these levels may be required at the different gateways when the end-to-end session is set up passing through different network technologies and architectures to support end-to-end priority for the preferential telecommunication services. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T E.106] Recommendation ITU-T E.106 (2000), *Description of an international emergency preference scheme (IEPS)*. +- [b-ITU-T J.360] Recommendation ITU-T J.360 (2006), *IPCablecom2 architecture framework*. +- [b-ITU-T Y.1271] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1271 (2004), *Framework(s) on network requirements and capabilities to support emergency telecommunications over evolving circuit-switched and packet-switched networks*. +- [b-ITU-T Y.2205] Recommendation ITU-T Y.2205 (2008), *Next Generation Networks – Emergency telecommunications – Technical considerations*. +- [b-ITU-T Y.2702] Recommendation ITU-T Y.2702 (2008), *Authentication and authorization requirements for NGN release 1*. +- [b-IETF RFC 2748] IETF RFC 2748 (2000), *The COPS (Common Open Policy Service) Protocol*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3550] IETF RFC 3550 (2003), *RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3690] IETF RFC 3690 (2004), *IP Telephony Requirements for Emergency Telecommunication Service (ETS)*. + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No 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+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:92c59963a033517da9605dccc63fbde90dd3c338bfe48bd7d70dcd377d202c68 +size 65850 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.281-200503-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.281-200503-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b37761202a1fbcf411a3b4fc4d1238b3a6dba7d --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.281-200503-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,339 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.281** + +(03/2005) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals + +--- + +**Requirements for multichannel video signal +transmission over IP-based fibre network** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.281 + + + +# **Requirements for multichannel video signal transmission over IP-based fibre network** + +## **Summary** + +Recent mass deployments of broadband optical access networks allow general consumers to use 100 Mbit/s or more bandwidth at affordable costs. This bandwidth has potential of transmitting high-quality video signals up to HDTV. Internet Protocol is generally employed on the broadband fibre networks. This Recommendation provides the requirements of multichannel video transmission system over IP-based fibre network including cable television networks with high-level architecture. + +It is assumed that the television services are provided in the same way as the current CATV system. The unicast based VoD, which involves a unicast session, is not taken into consideration. However, the broadcast based VoD, which has been integrated into the CATV broadcasting system, is taken into account. In this Recommendation, the broadcast based VoD is assumed to be provided by a multicast stream instead of a broadcast signal, and can be treated as a broadcasting service. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.281 was approved on 1 March 2005 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2005 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +###### Page + +| | | | +|-----|--------------------------------------------------------|---| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 | Normative ..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 | System assumption ..... | 3 | +| 5.1 | Headend ..... | 3 | +| 5.2 | Core Network ..... | 3 | +| 5.3 | Access Network..... | 3 | +| 5.4 | Connection with the Internet ..... | 4 | +| 5.5 | STB..... | 4 | +| 6 | Requirements ..... | 5 | +| 6.1 | Transmission and service ..... | 5 | +| 6.2 | Packet format..... | 5 | +| 6.3 | Multiplexing and programme selection..... | 6 | +| 6.4 | Network QoS and bandwidth ..... | 6 | +| 6.5 | STB..... | 6 | +| 6.6 | Security..... | 6 | +| 6.7 | Coordination with other services and technologies..... | 7 | + + + +# Requirements for multichannel video signal transmission over IP-based fibre network + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines the requirements for a multichannel video signal transmission system over IP-based fibre network. The video service is expected to be the same as the current digital broadcasting service in which high-quality video programmes including HDTV are provided as a part of a set of services, such as data services, conditional access system and electric programme guide. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- ITU-T Recommendation H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 (2000), *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems*. +- ITU-T Recommendation G.983.1 (2005), *Broadband optical access systems based on Passive Optical Networks (PON)*. +- ITU-T Recommendation G.983.3 (2001), *A broadband optical access system with increased service capability by wavelength allocation*. +- ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1 (2003), *Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): General characteristics*. +- ITU-T Recommendation J.183 (2001), *Time-division multiplexing of multiple MPEG-2 transport streams over cable television systems*. +- ITU-T Recommendation J.193 (2004), *Requirements for the next generation of set-top boxes*. +- IEEE Std. 802.3AH (2004), *Technology – Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems – LAN/MAN – Specific Requirements – Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications – Amendment: Media Access Control Parameters, Physical Layers and Management Parameters for Subscriber Access Networks*. + +## 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +**3.1 transport stream (TS):** A data structure defined in ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------| +| CATV | Cable Television | +| ECM | Entitlement Control Message | +| EMM | Entitlement Management Message | +| EPG | Electronic Programme Guide | +| FTTH | Fibre to the Home | +| FTTB | Fibre to the Building | +| HDTV | High Definition TeleVision | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| MAC | Media Access Control | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| NIT | Network Information Table | +| OLT | Optical Line Terminal | +| ONU | Optical Network Unit | +| PES | Packetized Elementary Stream | +| PSI | Programme-Specific Information | +| PHY | Physical Layer | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RTP | Real-time Transport Protocol | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| VoD | Video on Demand | + +# 5 System assumption + +To help to understand the requirement of the system described in the following clause, this clause describes the system assumptions and the reference architecture. + +The presented system consists of mainly four components: Headend, Core network, Access network and STB. These components are briefly explained in Figure 1. + +![Figure 1/J.281 – Examples of system configuration. The diagram shows two configurations, (a) and (b). Both show a linear flow from Headend to Core Network to Access Network to STB. In (a), the Internet is connected to the Core Network. In (b), the Internet is connected to the Headend.](b3baf3a29b67c7425d2562ddbc52f0cc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates two system configurations, labeled (a) and (b). Both configurations show a linear flow of components: Headend, Core Network, Access Network, and STB. In configuration (a), the Headend is connected to the Core Network, which is connected to the Access Network, which is connected to the STB. The Internet is connected to the Core Network. In configuration (b), the Headend is connected to the Core Network, which is connected to the Access Network, which is connected to the STB. The Internet is connected to the Headend. The label 'J.281\_F01' is present in the bottom right corner of the diagram. + +Figure 1/J.281 – Examples of system configuration. The diagram shows two configurations, (a) and (b). Both show a linear flow from Headend to Core Network to Access Network to STB. In (a), the Internet is connected to the Core Network. In (b), the Internet is connected to the Headend. + +**Figure 1/J.281 – Examples of system configuration** + +### 5.1 Headend + +Headend plays a similar role to CATV's headend. It coordinates video signal and produces transport streams. Encapsulation into IP packets also takes place here. At least one Headend must exist on the system. Two or more Headends on the same system are also possible. + +### 5.2 Core Network + +Core Network is responsible for transporting the injected IP packets to each Access Network with sufficient transfer quality. It has appropriate bandwidth, QoS functions and/or network architecture so as to guarantee the quality needed for video transmission services, against the traffic generated by the conventional Internet applications, such as WWW, e-mail. + +### 5.3 Access Network + +Access Network connecting STB and Core Network provides sufficient bandwidth for video services. It also provides connectivity between customer premises equipment and the Internet. This Recommendation assumes that the Access Network is an FTTx network. Several FTTx architectures are available, and the similarity among these architectures may cause confusion. This Recommendation focuses on FTTH, which is defined that ONU is installed in/outside the houses, and FTTB, which is defined that ONU is installed in a building. + +Figure 2 shows examples of Access Network. Access Network consists of OLT, ONU and Optical Fibre connecting them. In some cases, a splitter may be inserted between ONU and OLT. In some Recommendations or standards, particularly G-series Recommendations of ITU-T such as ITU-T Recs G.983 and G.984, the optical fibre network between OLT and ONU is called the Optical Distribution Network (ODN). + +![Diagram of a passive optical network showing an OLT connected to a splitter via an optical fibre. The splitter is connected to three ONUs via optical fibres. Each ONU is connected to an STB. The entire section from OLT to ONUs is labeled as the Access Network. Diagram of a single star optical network showing an OLT connected directly to three ONUs via optical fibres. Each ONU is connected to an STB. The entire section from OLT to ONUs is labeled as the Access Network.](f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg) + +- Passive optical network + +- Single star optical network + +J.281\_F02 + +Diagram of a passive optical network showing an OLT connected to a splitter via an optical fibre. The splitter is connected to three ONUs via optical fibres. Each ONU is connected to an STB. The entire section from OLT to ONUs is labeled as the Access Network. Diagram of a single star optical network showing an OLT connected directly to three ONUs via optical fibres. Each ONU is connected to an STB. The entire section from OLT to ONUs is labeled as the Access Network. + +**Figure 2/J.281 – Examples of Access Network** + +A number of optical access network technologies have been developed, and several carriers have deployed some of them. The following are technologies relevant to this Recommendation at the time of publication. + +- ITU-T Rec. G.983.1; +- ITU-T Rec. G.983.3; +- ITU-T Rec. G.984.1; +- IEEE Std. 802.3AH. + +## 5.4 Connection with the Internet + +Connectivity with the Internet can be provided on this system. Several connecting points can be prepared for Internet services. The connecting point between Access Network and Core Network, as depicted in Figure 1-a, is one example. Locating the connecting point as Figure 1-a makes it easier to maintain the quality of service within Core Network. + +A connecting point can be located within Headend or Core Network as depicted in Figure 1-b. In this case, the Core Network should offer a measure that can maintain transmission quality of video services. + +## 5.5 STB + +STB is responsible for terminating all network functions in all layers as well as providing conventional STB functions such as video decoding. + +An example of protocol stack is shown in Figure 3. The protocol stack is divided into two parts: + +- 1) the group of layers below RTP layer, that is primarily responsible for transmission; +- 2) the group of layers above MPEG-2 TS layer that is primarily responsible for services. + +These two groups of layers are not closely related; therefore, the service operation and the network operation are expected to be less dependent of each other. + +![](cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|----------------|------------------------|-----------|------------| +| Audio
Video | Data
services, etc. | PSI
SI | ECM
EMM | +| | Carousel | | | +| PES | Section | | | +| MPEG-2 TS | | | | +| RTP | | | | +| UDP | | | | +| IP | | | | +| MAC | | | | +| PHY | | | | + +J.281\_F03 + +**Figure 3/J.281 – An example of protocol stack** + +The following are the assumptions regarding the protocol structure: + +- Services are operated over MPEG-2 TS system. +- Multiple programmes are provided. Several hundreds of programmes may be provided. +- IP multicast is employed for distribution of video contents. + +# 6 Requirements + +## 6.1 Transmission and service + +The following are the requirements regarding the transmission and service: + +- IP network should rigidly control the distribution area. +- If multiple broadcasters provide TSs independently, each TS should retain its independence. +- IP network should eliminate or reduce the jitter caused in the network. +- High transmission efficiency should be realized. +- TS that has been transmitted through networks must be compliant with ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | IEC/ISO 13818-1. + +IP network should minimize transmission latency. + +NOTE – Future Recommendations will define a tolerable value of transmission latency for FTTx-based IP video services. Although transmission latency is for further study, hundreds of milliseconds is suggested as an appropriate value for latency in some documents. + +### 6.2 Packet format + +The following are the requirements regarding the packet format: + +- Error protection encoding that is performed on either MPEG-2 TS packets or RTP packets should work against IP-level packet-loss while keeping the transmission latency low enough as described in 6.1. +- Packet header should enable STB to recognize the sequence of transmitted IP packets. + +### **6.3 Multiplexing and programme selection** + +The following are the requirements regarding the multiplexing and programme selection issues: + +- Programmes should be received on transport stream basis. +- The information regarding the multiplexing should be provided by PSI, which is defined in ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | IEC/ISO 13818-1. +- NIT should contain the sufficient information to specify the logical location of programmes. +- The multiplexing scheme defined in ITU-T Rec. J.183 should be employed. +- STB should minimize the programme selection time, which is desired to be the same degree as a conventional cable television STB. + +### **6.4 Network QoS and bandwidth** + +The following are the requirements regarding the network QoS and bandwidth issues: + +- Core Network should provide sufficient bandwidth to enable all programmes to be distributed simultaneously. +- Access Network must provide sufficient bandwidth that enables to distribute at least one programme for each user. +- Quality classification should be defined for Core Network and Access Network. + +NOTE – It is necessary to consider the allocation of bandwidth and priority to other services as a total network management policy. Priority of a video service over a telephone service, for example, is up to the operator and the broadcaster. This Recommendation does not define total network management issues while the quality of video service is maintained. + +### **6.5 STB** + +The following are the requirements regarding STB: + +- IP address should be assigned automatically. +- STB should support services based on additional information attached to MPEG-2 TS. +- STB should provide copy control. +- Headend and/or IP network should prevent unauthorized STB from receiving any programme. +- STB should meet requirements defined in ITU-T Rec. J.193 except definitions regarding physical layer and analogue video/audio services. + +NOTE – ITU-T Rec. J.193 defines functional requirements for the Next Generation STB. Some requirements can be applied to the STB of this Recommendation, although requirements associated with physical layer and analogue video/audio services should not be applied. + +### **6.6 Security** + +The following are the requirements regarding the security: + +- Headend and/or IP network should provide a means of preventing unauthorized persons from accessing to the Headend equipment. +- Server and STB should withstand denial of service attacks, which disrupt or deteriorate video services. +- Headend and/or IP network should prevent illegal wiretapping and spoofing. + +## **6.7 Coordination with other services and technologies** + +The following are the requirements regarding the coordination with other telecommunication services: + +- If an IP transmission path in Access Network and Core Network is shared with other telecommunication services, the quality of video transmission should be immune from failure or breakdown of other services. +- The quality of service should be independent of the structure of optical fibre network. +- IP network should anticipate an expansion of bandwidth to meet demands of future contents. +- STB should coordinate with home network technologies (for example, LAN). + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git 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b/marked/J/T-REC-J.288-201907-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,418 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.288** + +(07/2019) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals – Part 2 + +--- + +**Encapsulation of type length value (TLV) packet +for cable transmission systems** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.288 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.288 + +# Encapsulation of type length value (TLV) packet for cable transmission systems + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.288 proposes an encapsulation scheme for type length value (TLV), a data structure specified in Recommendation ITU-R BT.1869, for cable transmission systems designed on the basis of Recommendation ITU-T J.83. + +Many of the existing digital broadcasting systems use the Motion Picture Experts Group version 2 (MPEG-2) transport stream (TS) as their input format. In contrast, variable-length packet formats such as TLV are specified for transmitting Internet protocol (IP) packets efficiently over broadcasting channels as aggregates of variable-length packets. In order to transmit TLV with the existing Recommendation ITU-T J.83 transmission system, it is necessary that variable-length TLV packets be fragmented and encapsulated into fixed-length 188-byte packets. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.288 | 2016-03-15 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/12770 | +| 2.0 | ITU-T J.288 | 2019-07-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13971 | + +## Keywords + +4K, 8K, fragmented TLV. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2019 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 | System overview..... | 2 | +| 7 | Encapsulation scheme..... | 3 | +| 7.1 | Fragmentation of TLV packets..... | 3 | +| 7.2 | Format of fragmented TLV packet..... | 3 | +| 7.3 | Header of fragmented TLV packet..... | 3 | +| 7.4 | top_pointer_field of fragmented TLV packet..... | 4 | +| 7.5 | Payload of fragmented TLV packet ..... | 4 | +| 8 | Restoration to original TLV packets..... | 4 | +| | Appendix I – Examples of use cases for encapsulation scheme of TLV ..... | 5 | +| I.1 | Use case 1 ..... | 5 | +| I.2 | Use case 2 ..... | 5 | +| I.3 | Use case 3 ..... | 6 | +| | Appendix II – Fragmentation method when the last fragment size is 184 bytes ..... | 7 | +| | Bibliography..... | 9 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.288 + +## Encapsulation of type length value (TLV) packet for cable transmission systems + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines an encapsulation scheme for type length value (TLV), a data structure specified in [ITU-R BT.1869], for its transmission over existing cable TV systems designed on the basis of [ITU-T J.83]. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T H.222.0] Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 (2018) | ISO/IEC 13818-1 (2018), +*Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated +audio information: Systems.* +- [ITU-T J.83] Recommendation ITU-T J.83 (2007), *Digital multi-programme systems for +television, sound, and data services for cable distribution.* +- [ITU-R BT.1869] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1869 (2010), *Multiplexing scheme for variable- +length packets in digital multimedia broadcasting systems.* + +## 3 Definitions + +### 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +### 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 fragmented TLV packet:** A fixed-length packet that has fragmented type length value (TLV). + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------| +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| MPEG-2 | Motion Picture Experts Group version 2 | +| TLV | Type Length Value | +| TS | Transport Stream | + +## 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "is required to" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "can optionally" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +## 6 System overview + +The system overview is shown in Figure 1. + +At the headend, input TLV packets are fragmented and encapsulated into fixed-length packets called fragmented TLV packets. The fragmented TLV packets are transmitted with the existing transmission scheme specified in [ITU-T J.83]. Each fragmented TLV packet must be 188 bytes in length and its first byte must have the value of 47HEX. These specifications were set because the input format of the transmission scheme specified in [ITU-T J.83] is a Motion Picture Experts Group version 2 (MPEG-2) transport stream (TS) consisting of a continuous data stream of fixed-length, 188-byte packets. The first byte of an MPEG-2 TS is specified to be a sync byte having the value of 47HEX. MPEG-2 is video coding specified in [b-ITU-T H.262], while audio coding is specified in [b-ISO/IEC 13818-3] and in [b-ISO/IEC 13818-7]. TS is a data structure specified in [ITU-T H.222.0]. + +On the receiver side, fragmented TLV packets are combined and restored to the original TLV packets. + +![Figure 1 – System overview diagram showing the flow of data from Headend to Home via a Cable TV transmission path.](1c94fd3cebf58af136144f14160d128e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the system overview. On the left, a dashed box labeled 'Headend' contains a flow: 'TLV' → 'Fragmented TLV packets' (labeled 'Fixed-length packet size') → 'Transmitter'. On the right, another dashed box labeled 'Home' contains a flow: 'Receiver' → 'Fragmented TLV packets' → 'Combination' → 'TLV'. A central arrow labeled 'Cable TV transmission path' connects the 'Transmitter' to the 'Receiver'. Below the diagram, a bracket spans from the 'Transmitter' to the 'Receiver' and is labeled 'Existing transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83'. In the bottom right corner, the text 'J.288(16)\_F01' is present. + +Figure 1 – System overview diagram showing the flow of data from Headend to Home via a Cable TV transmission path. + +**Figure 1 – System overview** + +Using this encapsulation scheme enables various use cases, examples of which are shown in Appendix I. + +## 7 Encapsulation scheme + +### 7.1 Fragmentation of TLV packets + +Figure 2 shows how TLV packets are fragmented into fixed-length 188-byte packets. + +Each variable-length TLV packet has the information of its length and type. The length of a TLV packet is indicated by the length field. The type of packet shows IPv4, IPv6, header compressed Internet protocol (IP) packets, and transmission control signals. + +In order to transmit variable-length TLV packets like an MPEG-2 TS with the transmission scheme specified in [ITU-T J.83], TLV packets are fragmented and encapsulated into a fragmented TLV packet, which must be fixed-length 188-byte packets. There may be multiple TLV packets in one fragmented TLV packet in order to encapsulate them efficiently, as illustrated in Figure 2. + +![Diagram illustrating the fragmentation of variable-length TLV packets into fixed-length 188-byte fragmented TLV packets. TLV packet 1 is fragmented into three 188-byte packets, with the first containing the start of the packet. TLV packet 2 is fragmented into one 188-byte packet, also containing its start. Each 188-byte packet has a packet header.](367926125450c2bc3f4bdca9d59a62ba_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the fragmentation of two variable-length TLV packets into fixed-length 188-byte fragmented TLV packets. TLV packet 1 is fragmented into three 188-byte packets. The first fragmented packet contains the 'Start of TLV packet 1'. TLV packet 2 is fragmented into one 188-byte packet, which contains the 'Start of TLV packet 2'. Each 188-byte packet has a 'Packet header'. + +Diagram illustrating the fragmentation of variable-length TLV packets into fixed-length 188-byte fragmented TLV packets. TLV packet 1 is fragmented into three 188-byte packets, with the first containing the start of the packet. TLV packet 2 is fragmented into one 188-byte packet, also containing its start. Each 188-byte packet has a packet header. + +Figure 2 – Fragmentation of TLV packets + +### 7.2 Format of fragmented TLV packet + +A fragmented TLV packet consists of a 3-byte packet header, top\_pointer\_field and payload, as shown in Figure 3. + +![](b28af4985cdef1e519e3aaf26561dcb3_img.jpg) + +| | | | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| Packet header
(3 bytes) | top_pointer_field
(0 or 1 byte) | Payload
(185 or 184 bytes) | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------| + +J.288(16)\_F03 + +Figure 3 – Format of fragmented TLV packet + +### 7.3 Header of fragmented TLV packet + +The header of the fragmented TLV packet is shown in Table 1. + +The header of the fragmented TLV packet consists of the first three bytes of the 188 bytes comprising the fixed-length packet. The header identifies the payload as belonging to the fragmented TLV packet. Other values of the header may indicate other service payloads. + +NOTE – The semantic definition of the fields in a fragmented TLV packet is as follows: + +sync\_byte: This is a fixed 8-bit field whose value is '0100 0111' (0x47). + +transport\_error\_indicator: The transport error indicator is a flag that indicates whether there are any bit errors in the reception of the fragmented TLV packet. If this flag contains '1', it indicates that the fragmented TLV packet has an uncorrectable error of at least one bit. + +TLV\_start\_indicator: This indicator shows when there is at least one start of a TLV packet ('1') or when there is no start of a TLV packet ('0'). + +PID: This is a fixed 13-bit field whose value must be set to a unique value. This unique value differentiates the fragmented TLV packet from other TS packets. + +**Table 1 – Header of fragmented TLV packet** + +| Parameter | No. of bits | Description | +|---------------------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| sync_byte | 8 | 0x47: same value as MPEG-2 TS sync byte | +| transport_error_indicator | 1 | Indicates that at least one error has occurred in the packet. | +| TLV_start_indicator | 1 | A value of '1' indicates the presence of at least one start of a TLV packet. A value of '0' indicates no start of a TLV packet. | +| '0' | 1 | | +| PID | 13 | A unique value for a fragmented TLV packet | + +### 7.4 top\_pointer\_field of fragmented TLV packet + +The 'top\_pointer\_field' is a fixed 8-bit field whose value indicates the start position of the TLV packet in the payload. The fourth byte of the 'fragmented TLV packet' (first byte following the header) will be a 'top\_pointer\_field' if the TLV\_start\_indicator of the header is set to '1'. If the TLV\_start\_indicator is set to '0', the top\_pointer\_field does not exist. + +If the last portion of a fragmented TLV packet is 184 bytes, the TLV\_start\_indicator of the header is set to '1' and the value of 'top\_pointer\_field' is set to 0xb8 (184 in decimal). + +### 7.5 Payload of fragmented TLV packet + +The payload of a fragmented TLV packet carries a portion of the original, variable-length TLV packet. If a 'top\_pointer\_field' exists in the fragmented TLV packet, the payload is 184 bytes following the 'top\_pointer\_field'. If a 'top\_pointer\_field' does not exist in the fragmented TLV packet, the payload is 185 bytes following the header. + +## 8 Restoration to original TLV packets + +On the receiver side, fragmented TLV packets that contain desired TLV packets are considered demodulation output. After that, the TLV\_start\_indicator, the top\_pointer in the fragmented TLV packet and information on the packet length in the TLV packet are used to restore an original TLV packet from the fragmented TLV packets. + +## Appendix I + +### Examples of use cases for encapsulation scheme of TLV + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Three examples of use cases for the encapsulation scheme of TLV are shown in clauses I.1 to I.3. + +### I.1 Use case 1 + +One TLV stream is input and transmitted. See Figure I.1. + +![Flowchart for Use case 1: TLV input flows through 'Fixed-length packetization' and 'Transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83' to 'Distribution over cable TV networks'. Reference J.288(16)_FI.1 is shown.](5e92d9e8e9ce204e405bff2367f88176_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + TLV --> A[Fixed-length packetization] + A --> B[Transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83] + B --> C[Distribution over cable TV networks] + J28816_FI1[J.288(16)_FI.1] + +``` + +Flowchart for Use case 1: TLV input flows through 'Fixed-length packetization' and 'Transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83' to 'Distribution over cable TV networks'. Reference J.288(16)\_FI.1 is shown. + +Figure I.1 – Use case 1 + +### I.2 Use case 2 + +One TLV stream and one MPEG-2 TS stream are input and transmitted. See Figure I.2. + +![Flowchart for Use case 2: TLV input flows through 'Fixed-length packetization' and MPEG-2 TS input flows through a 'Common physical interface' to a shared 'Transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83', which then leads to 'Distribution over cable TV networks'. Reference J.288(16)_FI.2 is shown.](18442e4e239480f0c3c95b547aa8fde2_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + TLV --> A[Fixed-length packetization] + MPEG2TS[MPEG-2 TS] --> C[Common physical interface] + A --> B[Transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83] + C --> B + B --> D[Distribution over cable TV networks] + J28816_FI2[J.288(16)_FI.2] + +``` + +Flowchart for Use case 2: TLV input flows through 'Fixed-length packetization' and MPEG-2 TS input flows through a 'Common physical interface' to a shared 'Transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83', which then leads to 'Distribution over cable TV networks'. Reference J.288(16)\_FI.2 is shown. + +Figure I.2 – Use case 2 + +NOTE – In this case, a specified PID value for the fragmented TLV packet header is used to identify stream types. Other values of the PID may indicate other payloads of the MPEG-2 TS packet. Figure I.3 shows the interleaving of a fragmented TLV packet with other digital information (digital video in the example shown). + +| | | +|---------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| Header='fragmented TLV packet' | 'fragmented TLV packet' payload | +| Header= 'fragmented TLV packet' | 'fragmented TLV packet' payload | +| Header=video | Digital video payload | +| Header='fragmented TLV packet' | 'fragmented TLV packet' payload | +| Header=video | Digital video payload | +| Header='fragmented TLV packet' | 'fragmented TLV packet' payload | +| Header=video | Digital video payload | + +Figure I.3 – Example of interleaving of a fragmented TLV packet with MPEG-2 TS packets + +### I.3 Use case 3 + +Multiple TLV streams or multiple MPEG-2 TS streams are input. In order to multiplex multiple streams, multiplexing frame of [b-ITU-T J.183] can be applied. See Figure I.4. + +![Flowchart of Use case 3 showing the multiplexing of TLV and MPEG-2 TS streams.](042733dc5e8e7f5f30b60adba3266cde_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the process for Use case 3. At the top, multiple input streams are shown: TLV, an ellipsis, another TLV, MPEG-2 TS, an ellipsis, and another MPEG-2 TS. The first two TLV streams pass through individual boxes labeled 'Fixed-length packetization'. Below these boxes is a horizontal dashed line labeled 'Common physical interface' on the right. All streams (the packetized TLVs and the MPEG-2 TS streams) converge into a box labeled 'Multiplexing into multiplexing frame of ITU-T J.183'. Below this box is another box labeled 'Transmission scheme specified in ITU-T J.83'. The final output at the bottom is 'Distribution over cable TV networks'. The text 'J.288(16)\_FI.4' is located in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +Flowchart of Use case 3 showing the multiplexing of TLV and MPEG-2 TS streams. + +**Figure I.4 – Use case 3** + +## Appendix II + +### Fragmentation method when the last fragment size is 184 bytes + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +This appendix describes a fragmentation method when the last fragment size is 184 bytes. + +As described in clause 7.1, in order to transmit variable-length TLV packets like an MPEG-2 TS with the transmission scheme specified in [ITU-T J.83], TLV packets are fragmented and encapsulated into fragmented TLV packets, which each must be a fixed-length 188-byte packet. There may be multiple TLV packets in one fragmented TLV packet to encapsulate them efficiently. + +Figure II.1 shows a fragmentation case where the last fragment size, N, is less than 184 bytes ( $0 < N < 184$ ). In this case, as the last fragmentation can have the start of the next TLV packet, it has a 'top\_pointer\_field' and N is set to 'top\_pointer\_field'. Figure II.1 (1) shows an example of this case, and Figure II.1 (2) shows the usage of 'top\_pointer\_field' and the supposed payload length of each fragmented packet for this example. + +![Diagram illustrating TLV fragmentation between two packets. TLV packet 1 (variable length) is fragmented into three 188-byte packets. The first two are 'Fragmented TLV packet' with 'Packet header' and payload. The third is also a 'Fragmented TLV packet' with 'Packet header' and payload, but it also contains the start of TLV packet 2. A yellow arrow points to the 'Variable length' label. Labels 'Start of TLV packet 1' and 'Start of TLV packet 2' point to the beginning of their respective packets. The third fragmented packet is labeled '188 bytes' and contains 'Packet header' and 'TLV packet 2'.](ddc7460821484f1ae2835c67955c554c_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating TLV fragmentation between two packets. TLV packet 1 (variable length) is fragmented into three 188-byte packets. The first two are 'Fragmented TLV packet' with 'Packet header' and payload. The third is also a 'Fragmented TLV packet' with 'Packet header' and payload, but it also contains the start of TLV packet 2. A yellow arrow points to the 'Variable length' label. Labels 'Start of TLV packet 1' and 'Start of TLV packet 2' point to the beginning of their respective packets. The third fragmented packet is labeled '188 bytes' and contains 'Packet header' and 'TLV packet 2'. + +(1) TLV fragmentation between TLV packet 1 and packet 2. + +| Fragment No. | top_pointer_field | | Length of payload | | +|--------------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------|------------------| +| | Length | Value | for TLV packet 1 | for TLV packet 2 | +| 1 | 1 | 0 | 184 | 0 | +| 2 | 0 | — | 185 | 0 | +| 3 | 1 | $(0 <) N (< 184)$ | N | $184 - N$ | + +(2) Value of top\_pointer\_field and Length of payload in the fragmented packets. + +**Figure II.1 – The fragment when the last fragment packet size is less than 184 bytes** + +Figure II.2 (1) shows the fragmentation case when the last fragment size is just 184 bytes. As shown in Figure II.2 (2), the value of 'top\_pointer\_field' in fragment number 3, the last fragment of TLV packet 1, is set to 184. In this case, the payload of fragment number 3 is completely filled with the partial content of TLV packet 1 and does not include any content of a trailing TLV packet. + +![Diagram showing the fragmentation of TLV packet 1 into three fragmented TLV packets. The original packet is divided into segments of 184, 185, and 184 bytes. Each segment becomes the payload of a fragmented packet, which includes a packet header. The diagram is labeled J.288(19)_FII.2.](4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the fragmentation of TLV packet 1 into three fragmented TLV packets. The original packet is divided into segments of 184, 185, and 184 bytes. Each segment becomes the payload of a fragmented packet, which includes a packet header. The diagram is labeled J.288(19)\_FII.2. + +(1) TLV fragmentation of TLV packet 1. + +| Fragment No. | top_pointer_field | | Length of payload | +|--------------|-------------------|-------|-------------------| +| | Length | Value | | +| 1 | 1 | 0 | 184 | +| 2 | 0 | – | 185 | +| 3 | 1 | 184 | 184 | + +(2) Values of top\_pointer\_field and Length of payload in the fragmented packets. + +**Figure II.2 – The fragment when the last fragment packet size is just 184 bytes** + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T H.262] Recommendation ITU-T H.262 (2012) | ISO/IEC 13818-2 (2013), *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Video*. +- [b-ITU-T J.183] Recommendation ITU-T J.183 (2016), *Time-division multiplexing of multiple MPEG-2 transport streams and generic formats of transport streams over cable television systems*. +- [b-ISO/IEC 13818-3] International Standard ISO/IEC 13818-3 (1998), *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information – Part 3: Audio*. +- [b-ISO/IEC 13818-7] International Standard ISO/IEC 13818-7 (2006), *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information – Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding (AAC)*. + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system 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+STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.294** + +(09/2010) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Cable modems + +--- + +**Residential gateway requirements for the +support of broadcast and IP-based interactive +services over cable television networks** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.294 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.294** + +# **Residential gateway requirements for the support of broadcast and IP-based interactive services over cable television networks** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.294 describes objectives, requirements and functional architecture for a residential gateway (RG) supporting broadcast and IP-based interactive services over cable television networks. This Recommendation describes the requirements for the functional components which form logical entities of RG. + +## **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.294 | 2010-09-13 | 9 | + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2011 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 5 | +| 6 General..... | 5 | +| 7 Design objectives..... | 9 | +| 7.1 Design objectives for enhanced broadcast services..... | 9 | +| 7.2 Design objectives for optional advanced features ..... | 10 | +| 7.3 Implementation..... | 10 | +| 7.4 Services..... | 10 | +| 8 Requirements for functional components..... | 11 | +| 8.1 Applications functionality ..... | 12 | +| 8.2 Service control functionality ..... | 17 | +| 8.3 Content delivery functionality ..... | 20 | +| 8.4 Network control functionality ..... | 21 | +| 8.5 Network interface functionality..... | 25 | +| 9 Requirements for optional standardized features ..... | 26 | +| 9.1 Requirements to incorporate a full DOCSIS CM into the RG ..... | 26 | +| Appendix I – Relationship between APIs and bundle application programs ..... | 27 | +| Appendix II – Access network configuration aspect ..... | 28 | +| Appendix III – Application and service aspect..... | 29 | +| Bibliography..... | 31 | + + + +# Residential gateway requirements for the support of broadcast and IP-based interactive services over cable television networks + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes objectives, requirements and functional architecture for a residential gateway (RG) supporting broadcast and IP-based interactive services over cable television networks. The RG is supposed to be used with a hybrid set-top box (H-STB) composed of RF TV reception capability and IPTV terminal device (IPTV-TD) functions as well as other devices within a home network environment [ITU-T J.190]. The RG device provides a bridging and/or terminating capability between a cable access network (i.e., WAN) and a home network (i.e., LAN) in every layer. The RG has functionalities for network interface, network control, content delivery, service control and applications to exchange control signal and media flow between WAN and LAN. Each functionality has several functional components. This Recommendation describes the requirements for the functional components which form logical entities of RG. + +The RG is assumed to be a home gateway for the reception of enhanced broadcast services over cable television networks defined by [ITU-T J.700], consisting of quality of service (QoS), priority mechanisms, management and provisioning functions. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.190] Recommendation ITU-T J.190 (2007), *Architecture of MediaHomeNet*. +- [ITU-T J.218] Recommendation ITU-T J.218 (2007), *Cable modem IPv4 and IPv6 eRouter specification*. +- [ITU-T J.293] Recommendation ITU-T J.293 (2008), *Component definition and interface specification for the next generation set-top box*. +- [ITU-T J.700] Recommendation ITU-T J.700 (2009), *IPTV service requirements and framework for secondary distribution*. +- [ITU-T J.701] Recommendation ITU-T J.701 (2008), *Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware*. +- [ITU-T J.702] Recommendation ITU-T J.702 (2008), *Enablement of current terminal devices for the support of IPTV services*. +- [ITU-T X.1191] Recommendation ITU-T X.1191 (2009), *Functional requirements and architecture for IPTV security aspects*. +- [ITU-T Y.1901] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1901 (2009), *Requirements for the support of IPTV services*. +- [ITU-T Y.1910] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1910 (2008), *IPTV functional architecture*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 cable modem** [b-ITU-T J.112]: A modulator-demodulator at subscriber locations intended for use in conveying data communications on a cable television system. + +**3.1.2 cable modem termination system** [b-ITU-T J.112]: Located at the cable television system headend or distribution hub, which provides complementary functionality to the cable modems to enable data connectivity to a wide-area network. + +**3.1.3 closed captioning** [b-ITU-T J.193]: Text scrolling on a television display that represents the audio portion of the program, typically provided for the hearing impaired. + +**3.1.4 conditional access** [b-ITU-T J.193]: The conditional granting of access to cable services and content based upon what service suite has been purchased by the customer. + +**3.1.5 IP-based services** [b-ITU-T J.193]: A generic term that includes QoS-controllable both-way and one-way IP-type services rendered over a CATV network on which a high-speed packet-based IP communication system is available. Examples include IP telephony or VoIP, videoconferencing, streaming video feeds, competitive games, and other similar services. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 access network interface**: The logical interface between the wide area network (WAN) (i.e., access network) and the residential gateway (RG). + +**3.2.2 digital rights management**: The definition, management, and enforcement of a set of content usage rules. These usage rules will indicate things such as the right to copy, view, or distribute a particular piece of content. + +**3.2.3 domain**: The extent of home-network-compliant direct influence. + +**3.2.4 emergency alert system (EAS)**: A system, within which the H-STB participates, that allows a service provider to distribute public emergency alarms and information about the public emergency to all of the customers attached to the cable network. + +**3.2.5 home network interface**: The logical interface between the RG and the local area network (LAN) (i.e., home network). + +**3.2.6 hybrid set-top-box (H-STB)**: A compilation of hardware and software functional entities contained within one or more physical devices, that, at a baseline level, provides the receiving functions for cable broadcast services. In addition, the hybrid set-top-box should support the interactive functions of IP-based services, additional time critical services between the access and the home network as well as extension and supplemental services. + +**3.2.7 local application service delivery platform (LASDP)**: An application and service execution environment that resides within the home network for the purpose of delivering advanced applications and services developed by either a service provider or by a third party to the cable service subscribers. + +**3.2.8 MediaHomeNet**: A network that connects multiple elements in a home environment to allow delivery of multi-purpose, multimedia services. + +**3.2.9 middleware**: Software within the H-STB which provides a set of APIs that against which applications can be developed, and that provide access to the resources and services of the H-STB. + +**3.2.10 residential gateway:** A grouping of logical elements used to achieve access for home network(s). + +**3.2.11 services:** The set of services that are required and to be supported by the RG. + +**3.2.12 service provider interface (SPI):** A service provider interface residing in the network side for the purpose of delivering advanced applications and services to the user. Applications and services can be developed either by the service provider or by a third party developer. + +# **4 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|------------------------------------------------| +| AOD | Approved Output Domain | +| API | Application Program Interface | +| ASD | Authorized Service Domain | +| BED | Best Effort Domain | +| CA | Conditional Access | +| CAS | Conditional Access System | +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMTS | Cable Modem Termination System | +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| DLNA | Digital Living Network Alliance | +| DOCSIS | Data over Cable System Interface Specification | +| DPI | Digital Program Insertion | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| DSG | DOCSIS Set Top Gateway | +| DTCP | Digital Transmission Content Protection | +| EAS | Emergency Alert System | +| ECG | Electronic Content Guide | +| EPG | Electronic Program Guide | +| ESG | Electronic Service Guide | +| FW | FireWall | +| GEM | Globally Executable Multimedia home Platform | +| GSD | Guaranteed Service Domain | +| HFC | Hybrid-Fibre/Coax | +| HN | Home Network | +| HPNA | Home Phoneline Networking Alliance | +| HSP | Home Security Portal | +| H-STB | Hybrid Set-Top-Box | +| HTML | HyperText Mark-up Language | +| IGMP | Internet Group Management Protocol | + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------| +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPDV | IP Packet Delay Variation | +| IPER | IP Packet Error Ratio | +| IPG | Interactive Program Guide | +| IPLR | IP Packet Loss Ratio | +| IPTD | IP Packet Transfer Delay | +| LAN | Local Area Network | +| LASDP | Local Application Service Delivery Platform | +| MLD | Multicast Listener Discovery | +| MOCA | Multimedia Over Coax Alliance | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| MW | Middleware | +| NAPT | Network Address Port Translation | +| NAT | Network Address Translation | +| OCAP | Open Cable Application Platform | +| ONU | Optical Network Unit | +| OSGi | Open Services Gateway Initiative | +| OSS | Operation Support System | +| PLC | Power Line Communication | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| RFC | Request For Comments | +| RFoG | RF over Glass | +| RG | Residential Gateway | +| RTP | Real-time Transport Protocol | +| RTSP | Real-time Streaming Protocol | +| SPI | Service Provider Interface | +| STB | Set-Top-Box | +| SVG | Scalable Vector Graphics | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| UI | User Interface | +| UPnP | Universal Plug and Play | +| V-ONU | Video distribution Optical Network Unit | +| VM | Virtual Machine | +| VOD | Video On Demand | +| VoIP | Voice over IP | +| WAN | Wide Area Network | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 General + +The rapid development of IP technologies enables the RG, with an integrated DOCSIS CM, to provide gateway functions for IP-based services, provide connectivity with the managed IP network, diverse VoIP, real-time services for IP broadcast, VOD and competitive games over IP transport. While DOCSIS CM offers a variety of IP-based services, DOCSIS 3.0 system has a capability of very high-speed data transmission by its bonding facility which enables high quality video transmission over RF without IP technology. + +With regard to the transportation of TS over IP networks as a kind of IP-based services, [b-IETF RFC 2250] describes IP encapsulation of MPEG Transport Streams for transport of video and audio streams using the real-time transport protocol (RTP). The document recommends that consideration be given for encapsulations of the MPEG TS and Program Stream (PS) with RTP supporting full semantics of an MPEG system. The RG has to transfer these TS and PS to terminal devices without any signal impairment. + +As a physical layer transport, this document assumes the primary usage of coaxial cable networks composed of CM and CMTS which enable efficient transmission of the RF signal and IP packets. However, this transport can also be replaced with FTTH networks owned by cable operators, as a bearer of IP datagrams and RF signals. + +Full support for IP multicasting allows a host to create, join and leave host groups, as well as send IP datagrams to host groups. It requires implementation of the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) and extension of the IP and local network service interfaces within the host. When initiating an application and joining a multicast group, the IGMP sends an IGMP membership report message to routers in the subnet to notify them of those joining the multicast group. A router in RG sends an IGMP query message to confirm the presence of H-STBs in the multicast group. Each H-STB returns the IGMP membership report to this query message. By doing this, the router function which resides in the RG detects which STB is present on the interface and sends the multicast packet to the required interface only. Multicast listener discovery (MLD) protocol works in the same way for IPv6 network environment. The RG is required to support the IGMPv2 (IPv4) or MLDv2 (IPv6) protocol. + +Furthermore, the H-STB needs to provide the functions of transferring/processing or modifying the content through the use of APIs. [b-ITU-T J.200] and [ITU-T J.701] are available as the baseline API documents for the H-STB. In the similar way, some application platforms are required for providing different services which cable operators will create. Such platforms can be realized using the bundle applications on the application platform. + +It is recommended to implement a Java-based application management platform, e.g., open services gateway initiative (OSGi) framework, in the RG to facilitate management of application programs such as network control, CPE device control over UPnP transaction, log services, permission administration functions and customer services as shown in Appendix I. These softwares are so called "bundle software", which can be easily installed to and removed from the RG by operators' intentions. Each bundled software is able to work independently over the OSGi framework by communicating with OSGi servers located in the IP network. + +The RG is also required to connect the access network and the home network seamlessly. The home network spans a number of networking technologies (Layer-1/2 – PHY/MAC and upper layers), delivery protocols, application devices, and services from the access and broadcast networks. The RG addresses the bridging and controlling of the home network environment by focusing on IP elements with defined interfaces and proprietary elements that can communicate using proprietary protocols. The main functions required for RG are management and provisioning of home network, addressing, packet handling, quality of service (QoS), security, content protection and delivery of services over the home network. + +The cable access network is required to deliver both of RF-based broadcasting services and IP-based interactive services with appropriate quality and permissible latency. The focus of this Recommendation is to clarify the requirements for a residential gateway (RG) that provides functions to receive broadcast and IP-based interactive services over cable television networks. Figure 1 depicts the location of RG within CATV network configuration. + +![Figure 1: Location of RG within CATV network configuration. The diagram shows the flow of data from various sources (Broadcasting network, Video content for RF/IP, IP packets, Internet) through a Head-end and CMTS to a Residential Gateway (RG) and Hybrid STB. The RG is connected to a CM and an IP interface, which in turn connects to various home devices like Video display, Peripheral devices, and Other in-home devices. The diagram is divided into three main sections: IP CDN interface, Access network interface, and Home network interface. A legend at the bottom indicates that solid lines represent IP, dashed lines represent RF, and solid lines with double-headed arrows represent 'Others'.](1439cb942d9e363bbb3161b5540dd8c6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the network configuration for a Residential Gateway (RG) within a CATV network. On the left, external sources include a Broadcasting network, Video content (for RF), Video content (for IP), IP packets (managed), and Internet (unmanaged). These connect to a Head-end and a CMTSa). The Head-end is connected to a CA server and Head-end related equipment. The CMTSa) is connected to the Head-end and the RG. The RG is connected to a CMa) and an IP interface. The CMa) is connected to the RG and the IP interface. The IP interface is connected to the RG and various home devices: Video display, Peripheral devices, and Other in-home devices. The RG is also connected to a CA clientc) and a Hybrid STB. The CA clientc) is connected to the RG and the Video display. The Hybrid STB is connected to the RG and the IP interface. The diagram is divided into three main sections: IP CDN interface, Access network interface, and Home network interface. A legend at the bottom indicates that solid lines represent IP, dashed lines represent RF, and solid lines with double-headed arrows represent 'Others'. + +Figure 1: Location of RG within CATV network configuration. The diagram shows the flow of data from various sources (Broadcasting network, Video content for RF/IP, IP packets, Internet) through a Head-end and CMTS to a Residential Gateway (RG) and Hybrid STB. The RG is connected to a CM and an IP interface, which in turn connects to various home devices like Video display, Peripheral devices, and Other in-home devices. The diagram is divided into three main sections: IP CDN interface, Access network interface, and Home network interface. A legend at the bottom indicates that solid lines represent IP, dashed lines represent RF, and solid lines with double-headed arrows represent 'Others'. + +a) "IP" should be interpreted as "IP over DOCSIS or other cable access technology on HFC or RFoG". However, other types of IP networks such as G-PON, GE-PON or other optical transport network should be also allowed. In this case, CMTS and CM will be replaced by OLT and ONU respectively, and "IP" should be interpreted as "IP over PON". + +b) Hybrid STB can select either of the two RF signal paths. + +c) CA client for RF service is mainly located in hybrid STB. + +**Figure 1 – Location of RG within CATV network configuration** + +Note that the cable system element (CMTS-CM) in Figure 1 can be replaced with FTTH network owned by cable operators. + +Coexistence of the existing services that do NOT require the RG and new services provided by the RG within the same home network is very important from the rapid and cost-effective deployment aspects. Figure 2 illustrates the configuration of cable-based home networking for this case. + +![Figure 2: Basic configuration with legacy service support. This block diagram shows the flow of data from external sources through a head-end and CMTS to a home network interface. On the left, external sources include a broadcasting network, video content for RF and IP, managed IP packets, and an unmanaged internet. These connect to a head-end and a CMTS (labeled 'a'). The head-end connects to a CA server and head-end related equipment. The CMTS connects to an IP CDN interface. A vertical line represents the 'Access network interface'. To the right of this interface, a yellow box contains an RG, a CM (labeled 'a'), and a Hybrid STB. The RG connects to a CA client (labeled 'c') and the Hybrid STB via RF signals (labeled 'b'). The Hybrid STB connects to video displays, peripheral devices, and other in-home devices. Below the yellow box, a 'Legacy hybrid STB' and a 'Legacy STB' are shown. The Legacy hybrid STB connects to a CM (labeled 'a') and a 'Home network interface', which in turn connects to video displays. The Legacy STB also connects to a video display. A legend at the bottom indicates that solid lines represent IP, dashed lines represent RF, and solid lines with a cross-hatch represent 'Others'. The diagram is labeled 'J.294(10)_F02'.](eefe19c5e14dc4d6c316b7f7fbb7d7d7_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: Basic configuration with legacy service support. This block diagram shows the flow of data from external sources through a head-end and CMTS to a home network interface. On the left, external sources include a broadcasting network, video content for RF and IP, managed IP packets, and an unmanaged internet. These connect to a head-end and a CMTS (labeled 'a'). The head-end connects to a CA server and head-end related equipment. The CMTS connects to an IP CDN interface. A vertical line represents the 'Access network interface'. To the right of this interface, a yellow box contains an RG, a CM (labeled 'a'), and a Hybrid STB. The RG connects to a CA client (labeled 'c') and the Hybrid STB via RF signals (labeled 'b'). The Hybrid STB connects to video displays, peripheral devices, and other in-home devices. Below the yellow box, a 'Legacy hybrid STB' and a 'Legacy STB' are shown. The Legacy hybrid STB connects to a CM (labeled 'a') and a 'Home network interface', which in turn connects to video displays. The Legacy STB also connects to a video display. A legend at the bottom indicates that solid lines represent IP, dashed lines represent RF, and solid lines with a cross-hatch represent 'Others'. The diagram is labeled 'J.294(10)\_F02'. + +- a) "IP" should be interpreted as "IP over DOCSIS or other cable access technology on HFC or RFoG". However, other types of IP networks such as G-PON, GE-PON or other optical transport network should be also allowed. In this case, CMTS and CM will be replaced by OLT and ONU respectively, and "IP" should be interpreted as "IP over PON". +- b) Hybrid STB can select either of the two RF signal paths. +- c) CA client for RF service is mainly located in hybrid STB. + +**Figure 2 – Basic configuration with legacy service support** + +Figure 3 shows the IPTV reference model of [ITU-T J.700]. An RG resides between the network provider and the customer in the cable environment. From the viewpoint of content flow, the content is received from the content provider at the service provider in the content provision function (primary distribution). It acquires, manages, and provisions content according to service provider requirements (e.g., ad-insertion, logo superimposing, encryption, compression, etc.). Content is then sent to the content streamer function to be streamed and delivered to the customer through the network delivery function (secondary distribution). The service control function is used to control interaction with the customer and distribute content via the network provider. The network control and the network delivery functions operate within the network provider entity in order to disseminate and deliver content and data to and from the customer. Each customer entity may contain an RG (owned and/or operated as a CPE by the network provider, service provider, or customer), which functions to receive and send content and data to and from the other CPEs within the home network. + +![IPTV reference model diagram showing Primary and Secondary distribution. Primary distribution includes Content provider, Service provider, and Network provider. Secondary distribution includes Customer with CPE and Display. Arrows show content flow from Content provider through Service provider and Network provider to Customer's CPE and Display. Control logic is shown between Service control and Network control. A legend at the bottom left explains the arrow types: solid for content flow, dashed for control logic, and dotted for service provider and network provider identity. A code J.700(09)_F 03 is in the bottom right.](4801720824e4b5e2361a5564f91cfb70_img.jpg) + +Primary distribution                      Secondary distribution + +Content provider + +Content + +Service provider + +Service control + +Content provision + +Content streamer + +Customer + +CPE with IPTV client (decode) + +Display + +CPE with IPTV client (decode) + +Residential gateway + +Network control + +Network delivery + +Network provider (IP transport) + +→ Content flow + +- - - - Control logic + +- - - - Service provider and network provider may be the same entity + +J.700(09)\_F 03 + +IPTV reference model diagram showing Primary and Secondary distribution. Primary distribution includes Content provider, Service provider, and Network provider. Secondary distribution includes Customer with CPE and Display. Arrows show content flow from Content provider through Service provider and Network provider to Customer's CPE and Display. Control logic is shown between Service control and Network control. A legend at the bottom left explains the arrow types: solid for content flow, dashed for control logic, and dotted for service provider and network provider identity. A code J.700(09)\_F 03 is in the bottom right. + +**Figure 3 – IPTV reference model** + +The RG has to handle a variety of control signals, media signals and IP packets for the reception of broadcast and IP-interactive services with or without interaction between the access network and the home network. The way of interaction is basically given by the LASDP which resides in the home network area and/or SDP located in the access network area. Figure 4 depicts an overall conceptual functional diagram for enhanced broadcast services to be provided by cable operators. The diagram contains functional blocks of SDP and LASDP which have the control governance for RG functions. + +![Overall conceptual functional diagram for enhanced broadcast services. The diagram shows the flow of content from providers through various management and processing stages to the subscriber's home network. Content providers (Analog/Digital) feed into Broadcast content acquisition (primary), which then goes through Encode, Mux, and Encrypt stages. VoD content from WAN (primary) and EPG/Trusted authority sources are also processed. The Head-end contains Broadcast content management, VOD management (VoD catcher, Package management, VoD playout, Offer management, VoD server), and Headend control (Object carousel, Database, SRM, CPE management, Subscriber services management). Applications (3rd party apps, PPV, EAS, EPG, IPCablecom2 telephony apps) are managed by SPI (Authentication, Access control, Content mgmt, Accounting, User info mgmt, Service enabler) and OSS/BSS (CA). Content is distributed via Modulation (RF MPTS) to the HFC/FTTH network, which connects to the Subscriber SFU hybrid (RG). The RG manages IP HN (Domain 1 to Domain n) with Hybrid CPE master and clients, and SIP tel. Non-IP HN and MediaHomeNet are also connected. A legend at the bottom defines line types: Content (VoD and broadcast), RF modulated content, IP-based content, High-speed data, and Service control data.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +Overall conceptual functional diagram for enhanced broadcast services. The diagram shows the flow of content from providers through various management and processing stages to the subscriber's home network. Content providers (Analog/Digital) feed into Broadcast content acquisition (primary), which then goes through Encode, Mux, and Encrypt stages. VoD content from WAN (primary) and EPG/Trusted authority sources are also processed. The Head-end contains Broadcast content management, VOD management (VoD catcher, Package management, VoD playout, Offer management, VoD server), and Headend control (Object carousel, Database, SRM, CPE management, Subscriber services management). Applications (3rd party apps, PPV, EAS, EPG, IPCablecom2 telephony apps) are managed by SPI (Authentication, Access control, Content mgmt, Accounting, User info mgmt, Service enabler) and OSS/BSS (CA). Content is distributed via Modulation (RF MPTS) to the HFC/FTTH network, which connects to the Subscriber SFU hybrid (RG). The RG manages IP HN (Domain 1 to Domain n) with Hybrid CPE master and clients, and SIP tel. Non-IP HN and MediaHomeNet are also connected. A legend at the bottom defines line types: Content (VoD and broadcast), RF modulated content, IP-based content, High-speed data, and Service control data. + +J294(10)\_F04 + +**Figure 4 – Overall conceptual functional diagram for enhanced broadcast services** + +This Recommendation outlines the requirements for an RG that provides a 2-way communications channel with the cable network for service control and management. A vendor can optionally incorporate the H-STB functions into the RG, and the requirements for this configuration are not covered in this Recommendation. + +# 7 Design objectives + +## 7.1 Design objectives for enhanced broadcast services + +The following are the design goals and objectives for RG that supports enhanced broadcast services: + +- Support interactive and high quality services for H-STB and CPE within a home network. +- Leverage existing standards. The RG strives to specify open, approved industry standards that have been widely adopted in commercial broadcast and communication networks. This includes standards approved by the ITU, ISO/IEC, IETF, IEEE, and other standardization bodies. +- Define an architecture that allows multiple vendors to rapidly develop low-cost interoperable solutions to meet time-to-market requirements. +- Ensure that IP packets and MPEG transport stream (TS) can be transported and processed adequately. +- Provide operation support system (OSS) that enables cable operators to control and manage the STB system and other connected devices. +- Provide for consumer protection inclusive of interests for disabled persons. + +- Provide scalable and down-loadable functionalities by software as the technology has progressed. +- Provide facilities to deliver services and content with accessibility enhancements to aid users. +- Provide accessible user interfaces to receive services for the handicapped or elderly person. + +## 7.2 Design objectives for optional advanced features + +Following are the design goals and objectives for an RG that supports the optional enhanced features, including broadband CM functionalities: + +- Ensure the packet loss rate, jitter, and latency (delay) for the managed IP network can meet the requirements for STB real-time services, including voice. +- Provide a seamless connection means to the home network defined by [ITU-T J.190]. +- Support quality of service (QoS) architecture that is scalable and capable of supporting IP-based services. +- Support the telephony services defined by [b-ITU-T J.460.0]. + +## 7.3 Implementation + +The following specifies requirements related to implementation matter of RG: + +- The ITU-T J.294 compliant residential gateway is required to be able not only to be implemented as independent equipment but also to be embedded within other devices such as STB or embedded multimedia terminal adapter (E-MTA). +- Distributed implementation of the residential gateway is required to be allowed. This means that one gateway device does NOT always have all the mandatory functionalities defined by the remainder of this Recommendation. It is also required to allow multiple devices installed within the same home network and having partial responsibility of this Recommendation to work complementarily to provide a complete set of the functionalities of this Recommendation. + +## 7.4 Services + +This clause describes services to be supported by the RG. The services encompass the broadcast and IP-based interactive services which are required to the cable network. Its implementation is left to vendor's choice. + +| Number | Core service description | +|--------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Svc 1 | The RG is required to support the delivery of digital video and audio content of broadcast to H-STB. | +| Svc 2 | The RG is required to support the IPTV broadcast services for H-STB. | +| Svc 3 | The RG is required to support the content navigation and electronic program guide (EPG) signal transmission for H-STB. | +| Svc 4 | The RG is required to support content on-demand service for H-STB. | +| Svc 5 | The RG is required to support digital program insertion (DPI) for H-STB. | +| Svc 6 | The RG is required to support video game for H-STB. | +| Svc 7 | The RG is required to support interactive television service provided RF-based broadcast for H-STB. | +| Svc 8 | The RG is required to support web-based services/Internet portal access service for H-STB. | + +| Number | Core service description | +|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Svc 9 | The RG is required to support telephony services. | +| Svc 10 | The RG is required to support QoS architecture. | +| Svc 11 | The RG is required to support parental control mechanisms for H-STB. | +| Svc 12 | The RG is required to support the SCP (service and content protection) mechanism. | +| Svc 13 | The RG is required to support the home security monitoring service. | +| Svc 14 | The RG is required to control all devices in the home network. | +| Svc 15 | The RG can support textual and instant message service for H-STB. | +| Svc 16 | The RG can support content sharing (video, still images, etc.) for H-STB. | +| Svc 17 | The RG can support audio books service for H-STB. | +| Svc 18 | The RG can support distance learning, telemedicine and other information services for H-STB. | +| Svc 19 | The RG can support telephony integration (Voicemail, Caller ID, etc.) service. | +| Svc 20 | The RG can support 3rd party call control service. | +| Svc 21 | The RG can support video and audio conferencing services. | +| Svc 22 | The RG can support real-time text applications. | +| Svc 23 | The RG can support multi-user online gaming. | +| Svc 24 | The RG can support local digital video recorder (DVR) services. | +| Svc 25 | The RG can support network digital video recorder (DVR) services. | +| Svc 26 | The RG can support the e-commerce service. | +| Svc 27 | The RG can support e-mail service. | +| Svc 28 | The RG can support presence service (presence of an active user and provisioning information). | + +# **8 Requirements for functional components** + +The RG has functionalities for network interface, network control, content delivery, service control and applications to exchange control signals and media flows between WAN and LAN. The functionality has several functional components as shown in Figure 5. + +Figure 5 depicts the relationship between RG functional components and HE ones for the reception of enhanced broadcast services defined in [ITU-T J.700]. The details of interfaces for HE-RG and RG-HN in Figure 5 are left for further study. + +This clause describes requirements for RG functional components which form the logical entity of RG. In case that RG requires the function described in this clause, the RG is required to satisfy the condition (Required or Optional) in the tables in clause 8. + +![Figure 5: Functional components for the reception of enhanced broadcast services [ITU-T J.700]. The diagram shows the interaction between HE functional components, RG functional components, and Home network devices. On the left, OSS functions (Accounting, Security, Configuration, Performance, Fault management) are shown. The HE functional components are divided into Applications, Service control, Content function, Network control, and Network transport. The RG functional components are divided into Applications, Service Control, Content delivery, Network control, and Network interface. Double-headed arrows indicate the flow of data and control between these components and the Home network devices on the right. The HE-RG interface and RG-HN interface are also indicated.](76b0cd79baaedd942af4dc42f2e764b8_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional components for the reception of enhanced broadcast services. It is organized into three main vertical sections: OSS functions, HE functional components, and RG functional components, with a final section for Home network devices. + +- OSS functions:** A vertical stack of five boxes: Accounting management, Security management, Configuration management, Performance management, and Fault management. +- HE functional components:** A vertical stack of five boxes: + - Applications:** Applications, Security admin., Content admin., Content applications. + - Service control:** Service management, Service control, Security, Session/resource/policy. + - Content function:** Content acquisition/management, Content delivery. + - Network control:** Network admin., Resource, Addressing, NAT/firewall, Network security. + - Network transport:** Core transport, HFC, Non-HFC. +- RG functional components:** A vertical stack of five boxes: + - Applications:** Security, Service discovery, Provisioning, API, DPI, Authentication, Management, Metadata/EPG, Emergency alert. + - Service Control:** Portal, Media handling, Security, BW/QoS control, Domain control. + - Content delivery:** Priority, Content protection, CAS/DRM. + - Network control:** Protocol, Signalling and control, IP routing, Addressing, NAT/firewall, IPv4/v6. + - Network interface:** Access network interface, Home network interface. +- Home network devices:** Represented by a large green oval on the right. + +Interfaces are indicated by double-headed arrows: + +- HE-RG interface:** Vertical dashed lines between HE and RG components. +- RG-HN interface:** Vertical dashed lines between RG components and Home network devices. +- Horizontal double-headed arrows connect each HE component to its corresponding RG component and each RG component to the Home network devices. + +J.294(13)\_F05 + +Figure 5: Functional components for the reception of enhanced broadcast services [ITU-T J.700]. The diagram shows the interaction between HE functional components, RG functional components, and Home network devices. On the left, OSS functions (Accounting, Security, Configuration, Performance, Fault management) are shown. The HE functional components are divided into Applications, Service control, Content function, Network control, and Network transport. The RG functional components are divided into Applications, Service Control, Content delivery, Network control, and Network interface. Double-headed arrows indicate the flow of data and control between these components and the Home network devices on the right. The HE-RG interface and RG-HN interface are also indicated. + +**Figure 5 – Functional components for the reception of enhanced broadcast services [ITU-T J.700]** + +## 8.1 Applications functionality + +### 8.1.1 Security requirements + +The following table outlines the general security requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. Further security requirements for different functionalities are described in the specific functional areas covered later in this Recommendation. + +| Number | Security requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|-----------|----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Sec App 1 | The RG is required to support content protection system. | R | Y | Y | +| Sec App 2 | The RG is required to support copy protection system. | R | Y | Y | +| Sec App 3 | The RG is required to support parental control function. | R | Y | Y | +| Sec App 4 | The RG is required to support code download security function. | R | Y | Y | + +| Number | Security requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Sec App 5 | The RG is required to support cryptographic service function. | R | Y | Y | +| Sec App 6 | The RG is required to support removable security function. | R | Y | Y | +| Sec App 7 | The RG is required to support digital rights management (DRM) functions. | R | Y | N | +| Sec App 8 | The RG is required to have home security portal (HSP) functions. | R | Y | N | +| Sec App 9 | The RG is required to have firewall (FW) functions. | R | Y | N | +| Sec App10 | The RG is required to protect security clients in HN. | R | Y | N | + +### 8.1.2 Service discovery requirements + +The following table outlines the general service discovery requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. Enhanced broadcast services are required to support both SI-based and web-based service discovery methods. + +| Number | Service discovery requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Svc Disc 1 | The RG is required to support a mechanism of service discovery. | R | Y | Y | +| Svc Disc 2 | The RG is required to support SI-based service discovery. | R | Y | Y | +| Svc Disc 3 | The RG is required to support web-based service discovery. | R | Y | Y | +| Svc Disc 4 | The RG is required to support a usage of metadata/EPG for service discovery. | R | Y | Y | +| Svc Disc 5 | The RG is required to support APIs for service discovery. | R | Y | Y | + +### 8.1.3 Provisioning requirements + +The following table outlines the general provisioning requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. It is required not only for IPv4/v6 provisioning, but for CM, if it is contained in RG. + +| Number | Provisioning requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Prov 1 | The RG is required to have MediaHomeNet DHCP portal function. | R | N | Y | +| Prov 2 | The RG is required to have MediaHomeNet DNS portal function. | R | N | Y | +| Prov 3 | The RG is required to have MediaHomeNet testing portal function. | R | N | Y | +| Prov 4 | The RG is required to support IPv4 provisioning with DHCPv4 server. | R | N | Y | +| Prov 5 | The RG is required to support IPv6 provisioning with DHCPv6 server. | R | N | Y | +| Prov 6 | The RG is required to provide a provisioning method for the CM if it is contained in RG. | R | N | N | + +### 8.1.4 Application program interface requirements + +The following table outlines the general application program interface requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. Either declarative or procedural API can be used for the reception of enhanced broadcast services. + +| Number | Application program interface requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| API 1 | The RG is required to support content navigation API based on SI-based terminal middleware. | R | Y | Y | +| API 2 | The RG is required to support content navigation API based on Web-based terminal middleware. | R | Y | Y | +| API 3 | The RG is required to support declarative API. | R | Y | Y | +| API 4 | The RG is required to support procedural API. | R | Y | Y | +| API 5 | The RG is required to support a mechanism to allow a user to select IPTV services from a list of the available service providers. | R | Y | Y | +| API 6 | The RG can optionally support a mechanism to interact with a mobile or a portable device and enable the user to receive content from the service provider. | O | Y | Y | +| API 7 | The RG is required to support a mechanism to install or to remove application programs. | R | Y | Y | +| API 8 | The RG is required to support an application to obtain status information and events. | R | Y | Y | +| API 9 | The RG is required to support an application to have self-diagnostic and reporting functions. | R | Y | Y | + +### 8.1.5 Digital program insertion requirements + +The following table outlines the general digital program insertion requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. The program insertion can be done either at head-end or terminal side considering efficiency of advertisement. + +| Number | Digital program insertion requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| DPI 1 | The RG can optionally support digital program insertion (DPI) function at the client side. | O | Y | Y | +| DPI 2 | The RG can optionally support DPI function at the server side. | O | Y | Y | +| DPI 3 | The RG can optionally control the upstream delivery of audience measurement information with the aid of the policy server. | O | Y | Y | + +### 8.1.6 Authentication requirements + +The following table outlines the general authentication requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. Both authentications for person and device are required to receive enhanced broadcast services. + +| Number | Authentication requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Auth 1 | The RG is required to support personal authentication function. | R | Y | Y | +| Auth 2 | The RG is required to support device authentication function in HN. | R | Y | Y | +| Auth 3 | The RG is required to support key management system for device authentication. | R | Y | Y | +| Auth 4 | The RG is required to support key distribution system for device authentication. | R | Y | Y | +| Auth 5 | The RG is required to support a single sign-on mechanism that allows one authentication session to enable access to multiple services at the same time. | R | Y | Y | +| Auth 6 | The RG is required to support independent login and selection of the service consumption device for each of the different services which a user has subscribed to. | R | Y | Y | +| Auth 7 | The RG can optionally support the root certificates to be used in authenticating servers. | R | Y | Y | + +### 8.1.7 Management requirements + +The following table outlines the general management requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. In the table, requirements for HN client control, resource management, policy management, user profile management are included. + +| Number | Management requirements | Required/
Optional
| Interaction
with
LASDP
| Interaction
with SPI
| +|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| Mgmt 1 | The RG is required to control devices in the MediaHomeNet network. | R | Y | N | +| Mgmt 2 | The RG is required to have MediaHomeNet management portal functions. | R | Y | N | +| Mgmt 3 | The RG is required to support management client functions. | R | Y | N | +| Mgmt 4 | The RG is required to support LAN IP device DHCP client. | R | Y | N | +| Mgmt 5 | The RG is required to support LAN IP device echo (Loopback) responder. | R | Y | N | +| Mgmt 6 | The RG is required to support resource management mechanisms. | R | Y | Y | +| Mgmt 7 | The RG is required to support policy management mechanisms. | R | Y | Y | +| Mgmt 8 | The RG is required to support a mechanism of user profile management. | R | Y | Y | +| Mgmt 9 | The RG is required to support a mechanism to identify a default user with a user profile that has limited rights to access. | R | Y | Y | +| Mgmt 10 | The RG is required to support a mechanism for the user to be able to add, remove and modify his/her user profile. | R | Y | Y | +| Mgmt 11 | The RG is required to support a mechanism that utilizes user profiles to target and/or restrict content items. | R | Y | Y | +| Mgmt 12 | The RG is required to support accounting mechanisms. | R | Y | Y | + +### 8.1.8 Metadata/EPG requirements + +The following table outlines the general metadata/EPG requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. Metadata and EPG provide useful means for content navigation, selection as well as content linking. + +| Number | Metadata requirements | Required/
Optional
| Interaction
with
LASDP
| Interaction
with SPI
| +|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| Meta 1 | The RG is required to support electronic program guide (EPG) that provides information to users about scheduled content programs. | R | Y | Y | +| Meta 2 | The RG is required to support content guides that provide information to users about the content accessible through content on-demand system. | R | Y | Y | +| Meta 3 | The RG is required to support a mechanism to supply content Metadata from sources to end devices. | R | Y | Y | + +| Number | Metadata requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Meta 4 | The RG is required to support a mechanism of Metadata to perform navigation, selection, association (linking) for the contents. | R | Y | Y | +| Meta 5 | The RG is required to support a scalable mechanism to deliver/update Metadata associated with content. | R | Y | Y | + +### 8.1.9 Emergency alert requirements + +The following table outlines the general emergency alert requirements for the Applications functionality of the RG. The RG is required to install an emergency alert function to notify the user of the emergency status distributed from the emergency control centre. + +| Number | Emergency alert requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| EA 1 | The RG is required to have emergency alert function. | R | N | N | +| EA 2 | The RG is required to accept and fully support alert information detailed in the relevant national standards. | R | N | N | + +## 8.2 Service control functionality + +### 8.2.1 Portal service requirements + +The following table outlines the general portal service requirements for the service control functionality of the RG. It is required to contain management portal, DHCP portal, QoS portal, test portal and portal service database. + +| Number | Portal service requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Portal 1 | The RG is required to contain management portal function to interact with the following functions. | R | Y | N | +| Portal 2 | The RG is required to contain DHCP portal function to discover devices in the MediaHomeNet network. | R | Y | N | +| Portal 3 | The RG is required to contain QoS portal function. | R | Y | N | +| Portal 4 | The RG is required to contain test portal function. | R | Y | N | +| Portal 5 | The RG is required to contain portal service database which maintains profiles for devices in the MediaHomeNet network. | R | Y | N | + +### 8.2.2 Media handling requirements + +The following table outlines the general media handling requirements for the service control functionality of the RG. The media to be passed through by the RG are video, audio, still-picture, graphics and text. These media shall not interfere with the RG unless required. + +| Number | Media handling requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Media 1 | The RG is required to not interfere with the delivery of media signals unless required. | R | N | N | +| Media 2 | The RG is required to support video transport. | R | N | N | +| Media 3 | The RG is required to support audio transport. | R | N | N | +| Media 4 | The RG is required to support still-picture transport. | R | N | N | +| Media 5 | The RG is required to support graphics transport. | R | N | N | +| Media 6 | The RG is required to support text transport. | R | N | N | +| Media 7 | The RG is required to support a mechanism to report successful transfer of the digital media or the notification which provides a link to the digital media. | R | Y | Y | +| Media 8 | The RG can optionally provide remote access capability from an authorized remote device outside a home to in-home devices that support media transport. | O | Y | N | +| Media 9 | If [Media 8] is supported, the RG is required to provide access control functionality to grant permission to a remote device to allow access to in-home devices. | R
(conditional) | Y | N | +| Media 10 | The RG can optionally provide device discovery functionality to discover in-home devices that support media transport. The discovery result will be provided to the device (in-home device or authorized remote device) that issued discovery request to the RG. | O | Y | N | +| Media 11 | The RG can optionally provide service discovery functionality to discover media transport-related services supported by the in-home devices discovered by the previous functionality [Media 10] from in-home devices or authorized remote devices. | O | Y | N | +| Media 12 | The RG can optionally provide media transport capability from device (in-home device or authorized remote device) to device (in-home device or authorized remote device) directly or indirectly. | O | Y | N | + +### 8.2.3 Security requirements + +The following table outlines the general security requirements for the service control functionality of the RG. With the aid of authentication and content protection, the RG shall provide security mechanisms for the service control information as well as the delivery of content between source and client. + +| Number | Security requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Sec Svc 1 | The RG is required to have a mechanism of security for service control information. | R | Y | Y | +| Sec Svc 2 | The RG is required to support key management system for the security of service control information. | R | Y | Y | + +### 8.2.4 BW/QoS requirements + +The following table outlines the general BW/QoS requirements for the service control functionality of the RG. The RG shall have a resource control mechanism such as BW and QoS controls for the delivery of contents in accordance with the service policy defined in LASDP. The BW control is required mainly for broadcast content, while QoS is required for IP-based service content. The RG shall study the QoS function and service status in terminal devices within MediaHomeNet (LAN) as well as QoS level required for content delivery in the access network (WAN). If the service requires more bandwidth than is occupied in the terminal device and home network, the RG is required to report it to the WAN side and try to re-allocate the resource after negotiation with the service control function in the service delivery platform within the pre-assigned time period. The RG shall provide QoS translation/bridging function between WAN and LAN to maintain the end-to-end quality of content at maximum intent. + +| Number | BW/QoS requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| BW/QoS 1 | The RG is required to support BW/QoS control mechanism for broadcast content. | R | Y | Y | +| BW/QoS 2 | The RG is required to support MediaHomeNet QoS functions. | R | Y | N | +| BW/QoS 3 | The RG is required to have QoS translation/bridging function between WAN (AN) and LAN (HN). | R | Y | N | + +### 8.2.5 Domain control requirements + +The following table outlines the general domain control requirements for the service control functionality of the RG. The RG shall support guaranteed service domain (GSD), authorized service domain (ASD), approved output domain (AOD) and best effort domain (BED) in the MediaHomeNet network. For the non-IP devices within MediaHomeNet network, the RG shall communicate with the HB device which has interpretation function between IP and non-IP devices. See the description in [ITU-T J.190] + +| Number | Domain control requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Dom 1 | The RG is required to support MediaHomeNet domain in HN. | R | Y | N | +| Dom 2 | The RG is required to support proprietary domain in HN. | R | Y | N | +| Dom 3 | The RG is required to support guaranteed service domain (GSD). | R | Y | N | +| Dom 4 | The RG is required to support authorized service domain (ASD). | R | Y | N | +| Dom 5 | The RG is required to support approved output domain (AOD). | R | Y | N | +| Dom 6 | The RG is required to support best effort domain (BED). | R | Y | N | +| Dom 7 | The RG is required to communicate with HB device in MediaHomeNet domain. | R | Y | N | + +## 8.3 Content delivery functionality + +### 8.3.1 Priority requirements + +The following table outlines the general priority requirements for the content delivery functionality of the RG. The RG shall support the priority mechanism for the delivery of contents in the MediaHomeNet network. + +| Number | Content protection/DRM requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Prio 1 | The RG is required to enable a user to define a set of contents, devices, and services in HN with priority. | R | Y | N | +| Prio 2 | The RG is required to have a default table of service priority. | R | Y | N | + +### 8.3.2 Content protection requirements + +The following table outlines the general content protection requirements for the content delivery functionality of the RG. The RG shall support a content protection mechanism to deliver contents securely for the client device. + +| Number | Content protection requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| CP 1 | The RG is required to support a content protection mechanism for the scheduled content services with rules governing content usage and distribution within HN. | R | Y | Y | +| CP 2 | The RG is required to be able to process messages containing cryptographic keys. | R | Y | Y | +| CP 3 | The RG is required to support a mechanism for limiting the access to services only to authorized users. | R | Y | Y | + +### 8.3.3 CAS/DRM requirements + +The following table outlines the general CAS/DRM requirements for the content delivery functionality of the RG. The RG shall support CAS for access limitation and DRM for protection of content within MediaHomeNet environment. Appropriate CAS/DRM shall be selected with media transport. CAS shall be terminated at the first CAS client in the customer premises. Once CAS is terminated at the first CAS client, the DRM function is strictly required for content delivery afterward within the home network, which means interaction is required among the terminal device and the RG. + +| Number | CAS/DRM requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| CAS/DRM 1 | The RG is required to support CAS system for enhanced broadcast services. | R | N | Y | +| CAS/DRM 2 | The RG is required to support DRM system to protect content within the MediaHomeNet network. | R | Y | N | +| CAS/DRM 3 | The RG is required to terminate or pass-through DRM information signal in conjunction with the policy server function for HN. | R | Y | N | + +## 8.4 Network control functionality + +### 8.4.1 Protocol requirements + +The following table outlines the general protocol requirements for the network control functionality of the RG. The RG shall support widely accepted and proved protocols for IP-based communications and service delivery. + +| Number | Protocol requirements | Required/
Optional
| Interaction
with
LASDP
| Interaction
withSPI
| +|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------| +| Prot 1 | The RG is required to support the transmission protocols defined by ITU-T, DVB, IEC, IETF over IP networks as the guideline for the choice of protocols. | R | N | N | +| Prot 2 | The RG is required to support the DOCSIS transmission protocols. | R | N | N | +| Prot 3 | The RG is required to support the multicast transmission protocol for the scheduled content service and download. | R | N | N | +| Prot 4 | The RG is required to support transmission protocols for physical connections deployed in the GPON, GE-PON systems as well as HFC system. | R | N | N | +| Prot 5 | The RG is required to not exclude non-IP protocols which are used by proprietary devices in the HN. | R | N | N | +| Prot 6 | The RG is required to control devices within the MediaHomeNet network using UPnP. | R | Y | N | +| Prot 7 | The RG is required to support functionality to make content and related information applicable to digital living network alliance (DLNA) devices which implement appropriate DLNA protocols in HN. | R | Y | N | +| Prot 8 | The RG is required to support a mechanism of resource allocation between the access network and the home network to deliver the actual content to end devices. | R | Y | N | + +### 8.4.2 Signalling and control requirements + +The following table outlines the general signalling and control requirements for the network control functionality of the RG. The RG shall support DOCSIS/DSG signalling if it contains DOCSIS CM. The RG shall be monitored remotely from the head-end on an on-demand basis. + +| Number | Signalling and control requirements | Required/
Optional
| Interaction
with
LASDP
| Interaction
with SPI
| +|---------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| SC 1 | The RG is required to support DOCSIS/DSG signalling. | R | N | N | +| SC 2 | The RG is required to support IP-based command and control signalling. | R | N | N | +| SC 3 | The RG can optionally support the control function provided by a mobile or portable device. | O | Y | Y | +| SC 4 | The RG is required to not interfere with the session control between the terminal device and the head-end equipment unless required. | R | N | N | + +| Number | Signalling and control requirements | Required/Optional | Interaction with LASDP | Interaction with SPI | +|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| SC 5 | The RG is required to have a logging function of session control signal exchange between the terminal device and the head-end equipment. | R | N | Y | +| SC 6 | The RG is required to support a remote control mechanism from HE. | R | N | Y | + +### 8.4.3 IP routing requirements + +The following table outlines the general IP routing requirements for the network control functionality of the RG. + +| Number | IP routing requirements | Required/Optional | Interaction with LASDP | Interaction with SPI | +|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| IP Route 1 | The RG is required to support any one of five modes – IPv4 Protocol-Enabled, IPv6 Protocol-Enabled, Dual IP Protocol-Enabled, Disabled or IPv4-IPv6 conversion. | R | N | N | +| IP Route 2 | The RG is required to support IPv4 Protocol-Enabled Mode which forwards IPv4 traffic with NAPT or other possible method and does not forward IPv6 traffic. | R | N | N | +| IP Route 3 | The RG is required to support IPv6 Protocol-Enabled Mode which forwards IPv6 traffic and does not forward IPv4 traffic. | R | N | N | +| IP Route 4 | The RG is required to support Dual IP Protocol-Enabled Mode which forwards IPv4 packets using NAPT as well as IPv6 packets. | R | N | N | +| IP Route 5 | The RG is required to support Disabled Mode which bridges all traffic with CPE, regardless of IP protocol version. | R | N | N | + +### 8.4.4 Addressing requirements + +The following table outlines the general addressing requirements for the network control functionality of the RG. The RG shall be given a global address and a MAC address to be identified by the cable operator. The RG shall have address translation function between WAN and LAN as well as pass-through function if required. The RG shall also have address resolution function between IP and data link layers. + +| Number | Addressing requirements | Required/Optional | Interaction with LASDP | Interaction with SPI | +|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| Address 1 | The RG is required to have a global IP address and a MAC address. | R | N | N | +| Address 2 | The RG is required to have MediaHomeNet address translation function. | R | N | N | +| Address 3 | The RG is required to have MediaHomeNet pass-through function. | R | N | N | + +| Number | Addressing requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| Address 4 | The RG is required to have upstream selective forwarding switch. | R | N | N | +| Address 5 | The RG is required to have an address resolution function between IP and data link layers. | R | N | N | + +### 8.4.5 NAT/Firewall requirements + +The following table outlines the general NAT/Firewall requirements for the network control functionality of the RG. The RG shall have NAT/Firewall transversal or NAPT function when it is used in the IPv4 environment. + +| Number | NAT/Firewall requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| NAT 1 | The RG is required to have NAT/FW Traversal or NAPT function. | R | N | N | +| NAT 2 | The RG is required to have a mechanism for the setting of NAT/FW or NAPT by the cable operator. | R | N | N | + +### 8.4.6 IPv4/v6 requirements + +The following table outlines the general IPv4/v6 requirements for the network control functionality of the RG. The RG shall support multicast in both IPv4 and IPv6 environment for IP-based broadcast services. + +| Number | IPv4/v6 requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| IPv4/v6 1 | The RG is required to support applications that use IPv4 and/or IPv6 to provide back office configuration and other support to the devices. | R | N | N | +| IPv4/v6 2 | The RG is required to support a mechanism which acts seamlessly in IPv4 and/or IPv6 environment. | R | N | N | +| IPv4/v6 3 | The RG is required to support IPv4 and/or IPv6 multicast protocol. | R | N | N | +| IPv4/v6 4 | The RG is required to support CPE provisioning with IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. | R | N | N | +| IPv4/v6 5 | The RG is required to support IPv4 data forwarding with NAPT and IPv6 data forwarding. | R | N | N | +| IPv4/v6 6 | The RG is required to support a mechanism which preserves IP QoS markings on IP data to and from the CPE devices. | R | N | N | + +## 8.5 Network interface functionality + +### 8.5.1 Access network interface requirements + +The following table outlines the general access network interface requirements for the network interface functionality of the RG. The RG shall terminate the access network in the physical layer. + +| Number | Access network interface requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| ANI 1 | The RG is required to have access network interface. | R | N | N | +| ANI 2 | The RG is required to terminate access network at the physical layer. | R | N | N | +| ANI 3 | The RG is required to be able to connect with the access network by coaxial cable for HFC, RFoG-based FTTH or RF portion of PON-based FTTH. | R | N | N | +| ANI 4 | The RG can optionally be equipped with a separate Ethernet interface for IP transport from/to access network, which will be connected with an external cable modem, V-ONU, ONU or other modem devices. | O | N | N | + +### 8.5.2 Home network interface requirements + +The following table outlines the general home network interface requirements for the network interface functionality of the RG. The RG shall terminate the home network in the physical layer. + +| Number | Home network interface requirements | Required/
Optional | Interaction
with
LASDP | Interaction
with SPI | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| HNI 1 | The RG is required to have home network interface. | R | N | N | +| HNI 2 | The RG is required to terminate home network at the physical layer. | R | N | N | +| HNI 3 | The RG is required to support IP devices and proprietary protocol devices in MediaHomeNet network. | R | N | N | +| HNI 4 | The RG can optionally be equipped with modems for in-home IP transport, e.g., coaxial modem, PLC or [b-ITU-T G.9960]. | O | N | N | + +### 8.5.3 Power management requirements + +In order to meet the worldwide demand of power saving and improving energy efficiency, the RG shall have power management function for the RG itself as well as devices in the home network. + +| Number | Power management requirements | Required/
Optional
| Interaction
with
LASDP
| Interaction
with SPI
| +|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| PMN1 | The RG is required to be able to turn into stand-by mode when idle status continues for a pre-determined time. | R | N | N | +| PMN2 | The RG is required to support power management function provided on the device in the HN. | R | Y | N | + +# **9 Requirements for optional standardized features** + +## **9.1 Requirements to incorporate a full DOCSIS CM into the RG** + +If an RG implements a broadband CM, the following conditional requirements shall apply: + +| Number | Embedded DOCSIS CM requirements | Required/
Optional
| Interaction
with
LASDP
| Interaction
with SPI
| +|---------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| DOCS 1 | The RG is required to support DOCSIS 3.0 CM. | R | N | N | +| DOCS 2 | The RG is required to support DOCSIS 3.0-compliant CMTSs which is required to seamlessly support DOCSIS 2.0 and DOCSIS 1.x CMs. | R | N | N | + +# Appendix I + +## Relationship between APIs and bundle application programs + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +A Java-based application management platform, e.g., Open Services Gateway initiative (OSGi, Release 4 Version 4.2) framework, is recommended to be implemented in the RG (with H-STB functionalities) to facilitate management of application programs such as network control, CPE device control over UPnP transaction, log services, permission administration functions and customer services. These softwares are so called "bundle software", which can be easily installed to and removed from the RG by operators' intentions. Every bundled software is able to work independently over the OSGi framework by communicating with OSGi servers located in the IP network. Figure I.1 shows a relationship between generic RG protocol stacks and bundle software. + +![Figure I.1: A relationship between generic RG protocol stacks and bundle software with H-STB functionalities. The diagram shows a layered architecture. At the top, 'Bundle software' (Network control, Device control, Log service, HTTP service, Permission administration) sits on top of the 'OSGi framework'. Below the OSGi framework are two columns: 'Native and baseline manufacturer Apps (incl. RGW Apps)' and 'API middleware web-based (e.g., HTML, SVG)' on the left; and 'EPG Apps', 'VoD Apps', 'DVR Apps' on the top right, with 'Java native interface' and 'Manufacturer Apps accessible via Java native interface' below them. To the right of the middle section is 'Java VM' and 'API middleware broadcast centric (e.g., GEM, OCAP, BML)'. The entire application layer sits on the 'Operating system', which is supported by 'Access comm. protocol', 'In-home comm. protocol', 'RGW protocol', and 'DRM and copy protection'. Below these are 'Device drivers' and 'Device hardware' at the base.](3e2a8dc8c5537dbe703cdcb0e21e4e1b_img.jpg) + +Figure I.1: A relationship between generic RG protocol stacks and bundle software with H-STB functionalities. The diagram shows a layered architecture. At the top, 'Bundle software' (Network control, Device control, Log service, HTTP service, Permission administration) sits on top of the 'OSGi framework'. Below the OSGi framework are two columns: 'Native and baseline manufacturer Apps (incl. RGW Apps)' and 'API middleware web-based (e.g., HTML, SVG)' on the left; and 'EPG Apps', 'VoD Apps', 'DVR Apps' on the top right, with 'Java native interface' and 'Manufacturer Apps accessible via Java native interface' below them. To the right of the middle section is 'Java VM' and 'API middleware broadcast centric (e.g., GEM, OCAP, BML)'. The entire application layer sits on the 'Operating system', which is supported by 'Access comm. protocol', 'In-home comm. protocol', 'RGW protocol', and 'DRM and copy protection'. Below these are 'Device drivers' and 'Device hardware' at the base. + +J.294(10)\_FI.1 + +**Figure I.1 – A relationship between generic RG protocol stacks and bundle software with H-STB functionalities** + +## Appendix II + +## Access network configuration aspect + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +Figure II.1 illustrates the supposed use cases with several types of access network configurations. In this diagram, four types of access network configurations are supported as described in [ITU-T J.700], i.e., HFC, frequency multiplexing-based optical fibre (RFoG), PON-based optical fibre and hybrid use of HFC and optical fibre. + +As for the transport method within home, the coaxial cable will be used for RF video signals and Ethernet LAN will be used for IP. Note that IP signals can be also modulated by such technology as multimedia over coax alliance (MOCA), HPNA or [b-ITU-T G.9960], which are multiplexed with the RF video within the coaxial cable. + +![Figure II.1 – Access network configuration types. The diagram shows four types of access network configurations: Type 1: HFC, Type 2: RFoG, Type 3: PON, and Type 4: HFC + PON hybrid. Each type shows the connection from the external network (Coaxial cable or Optical fibre) to a Residential Gateway (RG) and a Cable Modem (CM) or Optical Network Unit (ONU). The RG is connected to the RF video home network and the IP home network.](a4b963a07cc368283154762c4b156fe7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates four access network configuration types: + +- Type 1: HFC**: A coaxial cable connects to an RG. The RG contains a CM. The RG is connected to the RF video home network and the IP home network. The coaxial cable carries RF video + DOCSIS IP. +- Type 2: RFoG**: An optical fibre connects to an RFoG transceiver, which then connects to an RG. The RG contains a CM. The RG is connected to the RF video home network and the IP home network. The optical fibre carries RF video + DOCSIS IP. +- Type 3: PON**: An optical fibre connects to a V-ONU. The V-ONU is connected to an RG. The RG is connected to the RF video home network and the IP home network. The optical fibre carries RF video and Baseband IP. +- Type 4: HFC + PON hybrid**: A coaxial cable connects to an RG, and an optical fibre connects to an ONU, which also connects to the RG. The RG is connected to the RF video home network and the IP home network. The coaxial cable carries RF video, and the optical fibre carries Baseband IP. + +J.294(10)\_FII.1 + +Figure II.1 – Access network configuration types. The diagram shows four types of access network configurations: Type 1: HFC, Type 2: RFoG, Type 3: PON, and Type 4: HFC + PON hybrid. Each type shows the connection from the external network (Coaxial cable or Optical fibre) to a Residential Gateway (RG) and a Cable Modem (CM) or Optical Network Unit (ONU). The RG is connected to the RF video home network and the IP home network. + +**Figure II.1 – Access network configuration types** + +In addition, content transport among CPEs within home such as multi-room DVR or remote access from an authorized terminal outside home to home devices should be supported in this system. + +## Appendix III + +## Application and service aspect + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +The following steps 1) to 3) constitute an example of the remote content access services assumed in this Recommendation. + +### 1) *Content transmission to in-home devices* + +A user 'A' is travelling around scenic places. He took videos and pictures with his portable device, e.g., digital camera or mobile phone, which is capable of network connectivity. When 'A' feels that he wants to store the videos and pictures to save the storage area of his device or to make them available to his friends or family, 'A' will choose files on his device to upload them to the home storage through the network and the residential gateway. + +![Diagram illustrating content transmission from remote devices to home storage via a residential gateway.](a5b9392ecb96e6b5e0b4ee0664210f72_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a flow of data from left to right. On the far left is an icon of a mobile phone labeled 'Remote devices'. A thick yellow arrow originates from this device and points towards the right. Along this arrow's path, there is a cloud icon containing a cell tower, representing a network. The arrow then passes through a 'Residential gateway' icon, which is a small box with multiple ports. After the gateway, the arrow enters a circle labeled 'Home network'. Inside this circle, the arrow terminates at an icon of a storage unit labeled 'Home storage'. Below the 'Home storage' label is the text 'J.294(10)\_FIII.1'. + +Diagram illustrating content transmission from remote devices to home storage via a residential gateway. + +**Figure III.1 – Content transmission to in-home devices** + +### 2) *Sharing content with authorized users* + +When 'A' thinks about sharing the videos with his friends including 'B', he would choose them from his phonebook on the handset device to whom the content should be made available. Then the device sends a message to the residential gateway with the information regarding those who will be able to see the content. This step will grant access entitlement to the designated users. + +### 3) *Content retrieval by authorized users* + +When 'B' wants to see the videos and pictures taken by 'A', 'B' accesses 'A's home gateway from 'B's device at first. Since access permission has already been granted by step 2), 'B's device would be automatically redirected to 'A's in-home storage to retrieve the list of the content and the content itself. After retrieval of the content, 'B' would play back the videos and pictures on her handset. + +![Diagram of content retrieval by an authorized user showing data flow from Home storage to Remote devices via a Residential gateway and Home network.](e451401f8fa77b466f401d5fce15b26c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a network architecture for content retrieval. On the right, a 'Home storage' unit is connected to a 'Residential gateway' through a 'Home network'. A thick yellow arrow originates from the 'Home storage' and points leftward through the gateway into a cloud representing the network. From the cloud, the yellow arrow continues to the left, pointing towards two 'Remote devices' (smartphones). A dashed purple arrow also originates from the 'Home storage', passes through the gateway, and points towards the 'Remote devices', following a path through the cloud and past two radio towers. The text 'J.294(10)\_FIII.2' is located below the 'Home storage' label. + +Diagram of content retrieval by an authorized user showing data flow from Home storage to Remote devices via a Residential gateway and Home network. + +**Figure III.2 – Content retrieval by an authorized user** + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T G.9960] Recommendation ITU-T G.9960 (2009), *Unified high-speed wire-line based home networking transceivers – Foundation.* +- [b-ITU-T H.222.0] Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 (2006) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:2007, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems.* +- [b-ITU-T J.112] Recommendation ITU-T J.112 (1998), *Transmission systems for interactive cable television services.* +- [b-ITU-T J.193] Recommendation ITU-T J.193 (2004), *Requirements for the next generation of set-top boxes.* +- [b-ITU-T J.200] Recommendation ITU-T J.200 (2001), *Worldwide common core – Application environment for digital interactive television services.* +- [b-ITU-T J.210] Recommendation ITU-T J.210 (2006), *Downstream RF interface for cable modem termination systems.* +- [b-ITU-T J.222.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and upper layer protocols.* +- [b-ITU-T J.460.0] Recommendation ITU-T J.460.0 (2008), *IPCablecom2 residential SIP telephony: Feature definition.* +- [b-ITU-T J.704] Recommendation ITU-T J.704 (2009), *Functional requirements of the service provider interface for television primary and secondary distribution and associated interactive services.* +- [b-DSLF TR069] DSL Forum TR-069 (2004), *CPE WAN Management Protocol.* +- [b-DSLF TR135] DSL Forum TR-135 (2007), *Data model for a TR-069 enabled STB.* +- [b-DVB-IP] ETSI TS 102 034 (2005), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Transport of MPEG-2 Based DVB Services over IP Based Networks.* +- [b-IETF RFC 792] IETF RFC 792 (1981), *Internet Control Message Protocol – DARPA Internet Program – Protocol Specification.* +- [b-IETF RFC 826] IETF RFC 826 (1982), *An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol, or Converting Network Protocol Addresses to 48.bit Ethernet Address for Transmission on Ethernet Hardware.* +- [b-IETF RFC 868] IETF RFC 868 (1983), *Time Protocol.* +- [b-IETF RFC 1122] IETF RFC 1122 (1989), *Requirements for Internet Hosts – Communication Layers.* +- [b-IETF RFC 1812] IETF RFC 1812 (1995), *Requirements for IP Version 4 Routers.* +- [b-IETF RFC 1918] IETF RFC 1918 (1996), *Address Allocation for Private Internets.* +- [b-IETF RFC 2131] IETF RFC 2131 (1997), *Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.* +- [b-IETF RFC 2132] IETF RFC 2132 (1997), *DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions.* +- [b-IETF RFC 2250] IETF RFC 2250 (1998), *RTP Payload Format for MPEG1/MPEG2 video.* +- [b-IETF RFC 2461] IETF RFC 2461 (1998), *Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6).* +- [b-IETF RFC 2462] IETF RFC 2462 (1998), *IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration.* + +- [b-IETF RFC 2463] IETF RFC 2463 (1998), *Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification*. +- [b-IETF RFC 2710] IETF RFC 2710 (1999), *Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3022] IETF RFC 3022 (2001), *Traditional IP Network Address Translator (Traditional NAT)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3203] IETF RFC 3203 (2001), *DHCP reconfigure extension*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3315] IETF RFC 3315 (2003), *Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3319] IETF RFC 3319 (2003), *Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv6) Options for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Servers*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3376] IETF RFC 3376 (2002), *Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 3*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3412] IETF RFC 3412 (2002), *Message Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3413] IETF RFC 3413 (2002), *Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Applications*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3415] IETF RFC 3415 (2002), *View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3417] IETF RFC 3417 (2002), *Transport Mappings for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3419] IETF RFC 3419 (2002), *Textual Conventions for Transport Addresses*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3489] IETF RFC 3489 (2003), *STUN – Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Through Network Address Translators (NATs)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3513] IETF RFC 3513 (2003), *Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Addressing Architecture*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3584] IETF RFC 3584 (2003), *Coexistence between Version 1, Version 2, and Version 3 of the Internet-standard Network Management Framework*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3633] IETF RFC 3633 (2003), *IPv6 Prefix Options for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) version 6*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3646] IETF RFC 3646 (2003), *DNS Configuration options for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3736] IETF RFC 3736 (2004), *Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Service for IPv6*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3810] IETF RFC 3810 (2004), *Multicast Listener Discovery Version 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6*. +- [b-IETF RFC 4075] IETF RFC 4075 (2005), *Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Configuration Option for DHCPv6*. +- [b-IETF RFC 4242] IETF RFC 4242 (2005), *Information Refresh Time Option for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 4293] IETF RFC 4293 (2006), *Management Information Base for the Internet Protocol (IP)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 4361] IETF RFC 4361 (2006), *Node-specific Client Identifiers for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Version Four (DHCPv4)*. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | 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+## Recommendation ITU-T J.302 + +# System specifications of augmented reality smart television service + +## Summary + +Augmented reality (AR) technology is a kind of mixed reality in which 2D/3D graphics are integrated into the real world in order to enhance user experience and enrich information. Augmented reality smart television (AR-STV) is TV broadcasting using AR technology to blend augmented content (2D/3D graphic object) with broadcasting content in real-time on receiving terminals. The augmented content overlaid in the augmentation region is fixed statically or moves along the trajectory as if an AR-based location application shows path information on the real location from a smart-phone's camera. AR-STV provides that TV viewers can choose whether to turn on the augmented content or watch the original TV content only (without the augmented content). + +Recommendation ITU-T J.302 specifies the related technologies that should be implemented for an augmented reality smart television system. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.302 | 2016-10-14 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/13054 | + +## Keywords + +Augmented reality, augmented reality smart television. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2017 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 2 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 Signalling protocol for AR-STV ..... | 3 | +| 7 Synchronization scheme for AR-STV ..... | 5 | +| 8 Metadata specification for AR-STV ..... | 7 | +| 8.1 Initial instruction ..... | 8 | +| 8.2 Instruction..... | 8 | +| 8.3 Augmented object..... | 11 | +| 8.4 Environment info..... | 11 | +| 8.5 User interaction ..... | 12 | +| Appendix I – Syntax of XML-based AR-STV metadata..... | 13 | +| I.1 Namespace..... | 13 | +| I.2 Schema wrapper ..... | 13 | +| I.3 Root element..... | 13 | +| I.4 Initial instruction ..... | 13 | +| I.5 Instruction..... | 14 | +| I.6 Reference resource ..... | 14 | +| I.7 Augmentation region ..... | 15 | +| I.8 Augmented object..... | 16 | +| I.9 Environment info..... | 16 | +| I.10 User interaction ..... | 18 | +| Appendix II – Use case example of haptic device ..... | 19 | +| Bibliography..... | 20 | + + + +# System specifications of augmented reality smart television service + +# 1 Scope + +Figure 1 shows the reference architecture of the augmented reality smart television (AR-STV) system. + +![Figure 1 – System architecture of AR-STV. The diagram illustrates the flow of data from AV content and metadata through various components to a Smart TV. AV content is processed through post-production and then enters a Transport multiplexer. Metadata (AR broadcast instructions) is generated by an Authoring tool and also enters the Transport multiplexer. The multiplexer outputs a broadcast signal. This signal is received by a Smart TV, which is part of an AR-STV platform that includes a Set-top box. The Smart TV is connected to the Internet, which in turn is connected to a Content server. The Content server provides augmented objects to the Smart TV. A Second smart device is also connected to the AR-STV platform. The diagram uses solid purple arrows for real-time data flow and dashed purple arrows for non-real-time data flow. A legend at the bottom indicates: Real time (solid purple arrow), Non-real time (dashed purple arrow).](49ee89a1d5852ab005dbbab6de09a8a6_img.jpg) + +Figure 1 – System architecture of AR-STV. The diagram illustrates the flow of data from AV content and metadata through various components to a Smart TV. AV content is processed through post-production and then enters a Transport multiplexer. Metadata (AR broadcast instructions) is generated by an Authoring tool and also enters the Transport multiplexer. The multiplexer outputs a broadcast signal. This signal is received by a Smart TV, which is part of an AR-STV platform that includes a Set-top box. The Smart TV is connected to the Internet, which in turn is connected to a Content server. The Content server provides augmented objects to the Smart TV. A Second smart device is also connected to the AR-STV platform. The diagram uses solid purple arrows for real-time data flow and dashed purple arrows for non-real-time data flow. A legend at the bottom indicates: Real time (solid purple arrow), Non-real time (dashed purple arrow). + +J.302(16)\_F01 + +Figure 1 – System architecture of AR-STV + +Augmented reality smart television (AR-STV) provides an AR-based TV broadcasting service to implement the mixed content of a broadcasting programme and augmented content at a targeted position (augmentation region) and time (augmentation time) in real-time on a receiving terminal such as a smart TV or set-top-box (STB). AR-STV overlays augmented contents provided by the broadcasting provider itself or by the content providers which are authorised by the broadcasting provider. When AR-STV is provided, the broadcasting signal includes the metadata which contains the permissions about timing and the area for the overlay. Authorisation information for an AR content provider is also provided in the broadcasting signal. This mechanism does not permit any illegal overlay. + +The AR-STV is realized by the combination of a specific signal on the broadcasting programme, metadata, augmented content and terminal side synchronization. The terminal functionality can be implemented as the extension of the existing integrated broadcast-broadband (IBB) systems. The scope of this Recommendation comprises the following technologies to realize AR-STV: + +- Synchronization scheme for AR-STV +- Metadata for AR-STV +- Signalling protocol for AR-STV + +This Recommendation specifies three technologies for AR-STV, (1) synchronized representation between a broadcasting programme and augmented content, (2) metadata and (3) signalling protocol according to functional requirements defined in [ITU-T J.301]. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.301] Recommendation ITU-T J.301 (2014), *Requirements for augmented reality smart television systems*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 augmented broadcasting** [ITU-T J.301]: Broadcasting service or programme to realize augmented reality smart television (AR-STV). + +**3.1.2 augmented content** [ITU-T J.301]: A binary object, such as 2D images, 3D animated models or audio/video streaming files, to be augmented into a predefined augmentation region. + +**3.1.3 augmented reality (AR)** [ITU-T J.301]: A type of mixed reality where graphical elements are integrated into the real world in order to enhance user experience and enrich information. + +**3.1.4 augmented reality smart television (AR-STV)** [ITU-T J.301]: AR-based TV broadcasting service to implement the mixed content of a broadcast programme and augmented object at a targeted position and time in real time on a receiving terminal such as a TV or set-top box. + +**3.1.5 augmentation region** [ITU-T J.301]: The targeted area to augment any object or region in a TV scene. It provides the parameters of a static or animated 2D region related to natural media. + +**3.1.6 augmentation time** [ITU-T J.301]: The appointed time to augment any object or region in a TV scene. It provides the parameters of start presentation time and time duration for augmented content. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following term: + +**3.2.1 reference image**: A resource to be referenced in the tracking process of acquiring coordinates generated by a particular region's movement in the video scene. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +ABM Augmented Broadcasting Metadata + +AR Augmented Reality + +AR-STV Augmented Reality Smart Television + +EIT Event Information Table + +FoV Field of View + +IBB Integrated Broadcast-Broadband + +MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group + +| | | +|------|-----------------------------------------| +| PMT | Program Map Table | +| PSI | Program Specific Information | +| PSIP | Program and System Information Protocol | +| STB | Set-Top-Box | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| VCT | Virtual Channel Table | + +# 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "is required to" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "is recommended" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "is prohibited from" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "can optionally" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this document and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should* and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended* and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Signalling protocol for AR-STV + +The real-time broadcast stream to be provided to the receiving terminal should include signalling and metadata for the AR-STV service. The receiving terminal may determine whether to provide an AR-STV service by checking an AR-STV descriptor contained in the program initialization information of the broadcast stream. Table 1 illustrates an example of the syntax of an AR-STV descriptor including *descriptor\_tag*, *descriptor\_length* and *augmented\_broadcasting\_service\_type*. More specifically, the *descriptor\_tag* is information that identifies an associated descriptor as an AR-STV descriptor. *Descriptor\_length* indicates the total length of the descriptor. The *ARSTV\_app\_type* is to distinguish application types of AR-STV service. *ContentProvider\_Info* includes content providers' information. The descriptor may be located in a table of a section packet, such as a virtual channel table (VCT) or event information table (EIT) of program and system information protocol (PSIP) and/or a program map table (PMT) of program specific information (PSI) in MPEG-2 TS. Table 1 shows the ARSTV descriptor syntax. + +**Table 1 – ARSTV descriptor syntax** + +| Syntax | Semantics | +|------------------------|-----------------------------| +| ARSTV_descriptor() { | | +| Descriptor_tag | Descriptor identifier | +| Descriptor_length | Descriptor length | +| ARSTV_app_type | Application Service Type | +| ContentProvider_Info { | | +| ContentProvider (N) | Content Provider Count | +| For(i=0;i if(ABM_delivery_type_flag == 1) { ABM_URL_length ABM_URL_byte } } | Metadata file download information and bytes in broadband network | +| | | + +# 7 Synchronization scheme for AR-STV + +Figure 2 shows the augmentation region, augmentation time, its related attributes and their relationships. + +![Figure 2 – Augmentation region and augmentation time. The diagram illustrates the spatial and temporal aspects of augmented content in AR-STV. On the left, a 3D perspective shows a 'Graphic plane' (green rectangle) within a 'Background video' (grey rectangle). An 'Augmentation region' is highlighted on the graphic plane, containing 'Augmented content' (a blue cube). A 'TV viewer's interaction' is shown with an arrow pointing to the cube. A 'Rendering environment' is indicated. On the right, a timeline shows 'Video presentation time' (grey arrow) and 'Augmentation time' (grey double-headed arrow). The 'Start presentation' and 'End presentation' points are marked on the timeline, with 'Content synchronization' indicated between them. The 'Augmented content presentation time' is shown as a green arrow pointing to the end of the augmentation period. The diagram is labeled J.302(16)_F02.](d26959f4514c26ca19c3d6f00da85956_img.jpg) + +Figure 2 – Augmentation region and augmentation time. The diagram illustrates the spatial and temporal aspects of augmented content in AR-STV. On the left, a 3D perspective shows a 'Graphic plane' (green rectangle) within a 'Background video' (grey rectangle). An 'Augmentation region' is highlighted on the graphic plane, containing 'Augmented content' (a blue cube). A 'TV viewer's interaction' is shown with an arrow pointing to the cube. A 'Rendering environment' is indicated. On the right, a timeline shows 'Video presentation time' (grey arrow) and 'Augmentation time' (grey double-headed arrow). The 'Start presentation' and 'End presentation' points are marked on the timeline, with 'Content synchronization' indicated between them. The 'Augmented content presentation time' is shown as a green arrow pointing to the end of the augmentation period. The diagram is labeled J.302(16)\_F02. + +(source: [ITU-T J.301]) + +**Figure 2 – Augmentation region and augmentation time** + +The AR-STV system presents augmented contents within augmentation regions at the right time on a TV programme. The augmented contents are shown by performing instructions predefined in metadata. Also as shown in Figure 2, each augmented content appears at the appointed time and disappears after finishing rendering during the augmentation time on a TV screen. If augmented contents allow user interaction, the TV viewer can use the interactive service (e.g., the interactive application defined in Appendix I.2 of [ITU-T J.301]) if he/she wants. + +The AR-STV system utilizes an initial program clock reference (PCR) as synchronization information with reference to the start point of the broadcast and transmits with metadata through a TS re-multiplexer which re-multiplexes the MPEG-TS stream into a form suitable for AR-STV service. The metadata includes appointed presentation time information (hour:minute:second:frame) + +which consists of the elapsed time from broadcasting start and the number of frames. An AR-STV receiving terminal estimates the augmentation time by calculating values with the initial PCR and appointed presentation time referenced in metadata transport. The transmission system for AR-STV is shown in Figure 3. + +![Figure 3: Structure of transmission system for AR-STV. The diagram shows a 'Transmission system' block containing several components. An 'A/V source' connects to an 'MPEG-2 TS video encoder', which outputs to a 'TS MUX'. An 'Augmented broadcasting descriptor' connects to a 'PSI/PSIP server', which also outputs to the 'TS MUX'. The 'TS MUX' output goes to a 'TS ReMultiplexer'. Below the 'TS MUX', an 'Authoring tool' connects to a 'Metadata generator'. The 'Metadata generator' outputs 'Metadata ES' to the 'TS ReMultiplexer' and receives a 'START signal' from it. The 'TS ReMultiplexer' has two red-dashed boxes labeled 'Initial-PCR acquisition' and 'Initial-PCR insertion'. The final output of the 'TS ReMultiplexer' is an 'MPEG-2 TS stream'. A label 'J.302(16)_F03' is at the bottom right.](007b053fe94a8348f75128a584503fd0_img.jpg) + +Figure 3: Structure of transmission system for AR-STV. The diagram shows a 'Transmission system' block containing several components. An 'A/V source' connects to an 'MPEG-2 TS video encoder', which outputs to a 'TS MUX'. An 'Augmented broadcasting descriptor' connects to a 'PSI/PSIP server', which also outputs to the 'TS MUX'. The 'TS MUX' output goes to a 'TS ReMultiplexer'. Below the 'TS MUX', an 'Authoring tool' connects to a 'Metadata generator'. The 'Metadata generator' outputs 'Metadata ES' to the 'TS ReMultiplexer' and receives a 'START signal' from it. The 'TS ReMultiplexer' has two red-dashed boxes labeled 'Initial-PCR acquisition' and 'Initial-PCR insertion'. The final output of the 'TS ReMultiplexer' is an 'MPEG-2 TS stream'. A label 'J.302(16)\_F03' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 3 – Structure of transmission system for AR-STV** + +In Figure 3 the transmission system for AR-STV transmits the AR-STV descriptor as well as metadata that contain the program initialization information described with reference to Table 2 in clause 6. The transport stream (TS) generated from a TS multiplexer (MUX) is transmitted to a TS re-multiplexer and the re-multiplexer re-multiplexes the TS into a form suitable for the AR-STV service. A metadata generator generates metadata expressed as XML data or a TS stream encoding XML data and inputs the generated metadata to the re-multiplexer. The re-multiplexer multiplexes the metadata with the TS and transmits the resulting data to a receiving terminal. The re-multiplexer multiplexes the metadata according to a syntax described with reference to Table 2. In one example, the metadata generator stores the initial PCR, i.e., the Initial\_Program\_reference\_clock of Table 2, in the re-multiplexer as synchronization information with reference to the start point of the broadcast programme as soon as a start signal from the re-multiplexer is identified; in addition, the re-multiplexer multiplexes the metadata, which are arranged based on the transmission time to be transmitted at a particular time, with the stored initial PCR, in units of PES and transmits the metadata at the time when a null packet is detected during multiplexing TS streams. The PSIP generator creates an augmented broadcasting descriptor that describes the augmented broadcasting and inputs it to the re-multiplexer. + +When an MPEG-2 TS stream including a broadcast programme for an AR-STV service is emitted in real time, the re-multiplexer continuously reads each individual TS packet unit of the MPEG-2 TS stream. At this time, the value of the initial PCR of the input MPEG-2 packet as timing information for content synchronization is stored in a memory. The re-multiplexer multiplexes the metadata with the stored initial PCR in units of PES of metadata and detects whether there are metadata to be transmitted in real time during this process. If there are metadata to be transmitted at a particular time, the re-multiplexer efficiently executes transmission without additional bandwidth load by carrying the metadata instead of the null packet. As the metadata has properties of randomly ordered streams, rather than consecutive data streams of the broadcast programme, the timing information for the augmented broadcasting synchronization is transmitted only when the metadata is sent and thus the receiving terminal does not need to refer to other broadcasting or data-packet information when receiving and parsing the metadata. + +![Figure 4: Structure of receiving terminal for AR-STV. The diagram shows a 'receiving terminal' block containing several internal components: 'Video frame buffer renderer', 'Video decoder', 'TS demultiplexer', 'Comparator', 'Metadata parser', 'Content decoder', 'Data buffer', and 'Download manager'. External inputs include 'DCATV RF' and 'Internet'. The 'DCATV RF' input connects to the 'TS demultiplexer'. The 'Internet' input provides 'Augmented content' to the 'Download manager'. The 'TS demultiplexer' outputs to the 'Video decoder' and the 'Metadata parser'. The 'Video decoder' outputs to the 'Video frame buffer renderer'. The 'Metadata parser' outputs to the 'Comparator' and the 'Download manager'. The 'Comparator' outputs a 'START signal' to the 'Video frame buffer renderer' and a red 'Initial-PCR acquisition' signal to the 'Content decoder'. The 'Content decoder' outputs to the 'Data buffer', which in turn outputs to the 'Download manager'. The 'Download manager' outputs to the 'Video frame buffer renderer'. The 'Video frame buffer renderer' outputs 'Aug. broadcasting'.](af7916c89a458fdab6c3f443217388ae_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: Structure of receiving terminal for AR-STV. The diagram shows a 'receiving terminal' block containing several internal components: 'Video frame buffer renderer', 'Video decoder', 'TS demultiplexer', 'Comparator', 'Metadata parser', 'Content decoder', 'Data buffer', and 'Download manager'. External inputs include 'DCATV RF' and 'Internet'. The 'DCATV RF' input connects to the 'TS demultiplexer'. The 'Internet' input provides 'Augmented content' to the 'Download manager'. The 'TS demultiplexer' outputs to the 'Video decoder' and the 'Metadata parser'. The 'Video decoder' outputs to the 'Video frame buffer renderer'. The 'Metadata parser' outputs to the 'Comparator' and the 'Download manager'. The 'Comparator' outputs a 'START signal' to the 'Video frame buffer renderer' and a red 'Initial-PCR acquisition' signal to the 'Content decoder'. The 'Content decoder' outputs to the 'Data buffer', which in turn outputs to the 'Download manager'. The 'Download manager' outputs to the 'Video frame buffer renderer'. The 'Video frame buffer renderer' outputs 'Aug. broadcasting'. + +**Figure 4 – Structure of receiving terminal for AR-STV** + +A receiving terminal, as shown in Figure 4, interprets the ARSTV\_descriptor contained in the TS to determine whether to receive an augmented broadcast or not. In addition, when the receiving terminal receives the augmented broadcasting metadata packet before the related augmented content and it is completely downloaded, it extracts the initial PCR information for synchronization and XML data for augmented broadcasting from the metadata PES. The extracted XML data are buffered in the data buffer. As an example, a timing comparer calculates the presentation time stamp, which is an MPEG-2 system time clock, in consideration of the current status of the program, using the initial PCR and the activating augmentation time (hour:minute:second:frame) contained in the XML data. The PTS may be calculated using the equation below. + +| | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| PTS for activating the augmentation time = Initial PCR base + {number of frames converted from the activation time defined by XML data × Interval of PTS (3,000)} | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| + +Assuming that the initial PCR is 30,000 and that the programme play time for which content A defined by XML is activated is 1 minute: 10 seconds: 10 frames, the augmented content is activated after 2110 frames. By applying this to the above equation, $2,110 \times 3,000 = 6,330,000$ , as an interval value, is obtained. Then, the PTS value is produced by adding the value of the initial PCR, i.e., 30,000 and the obtained interval value ( $6,330,000 + 30,000 = 6,360,000$ ). + +# 8 Metadata specification for AR-STV + +The metadata for AR-STV delivered with broadcasting content helps the system to overlay graphics on the video. It could be delivered by the broadcasting channel or by the Internet channel separated from the broadcasting stream. The time information that may be associated with the augmentation region (AR) event may be used for the synchronization with respect to the broadcasting contents. The region of the video scene where the graphics shall be overlaid is described with a normalized value according to the resolution of the video. The scale, rotation and transformation of the graphic objects may be updated according to the change of view of the virtual camera. The graphic objects may be embedded in the metadata or indicated with link information. For the synchronized presentation of synthesized graphics with broadcasting content in the AR-STV service, presentation time is very important. Therefore the fragmentation of the metadata will be made by the time point when the graphic object is presented. This unit of fragmentation is called an "instruction" and each instruction contains updated information needs to be presented at a specific time point. Figure 5 shows the streaming strategy of the metadata. The first instruction contains every item of information necessary for the generation of a new AR event such as augmentation region, overlay + +graphic object and environmental information. The AR in the first instruction indicates the start position of AR object and this position and orientation may be changed by the following instructions. The following instructions contain only the variation factors such as the change of the position of AR region, the change of the graphic objects, or the change of the illumination direction. In addition the initial instruction enables a terminal to allocate the needed memory and pre-loads augmented objects to the memory space in advance and will be delivered repeatedly in the fixed timing interval within AR-STV service. These strategies will reduce the data overload of the media channel. + +![Figure 5 – Streaming strategy for AR-STV metadata. The diagram illustrates the transmission of AR-STV metadata over time. A timeline at the top shows 'Start time' and 'Duration'. Below this, three 'Instruction' boxes are shown, each with a 'Time stamp'. The first instruction contains 'Instruction ID', 'AR region', 'AR object', and 'Environment Info.'. The second and third instructions contain 'Ref_Instruction ID' and 'AR region variation'. Arrows point from these instructions to a sequence of three video frames. The first frame shows a scene with a sun and a person's face. The second frame shows the person's face with a dashed arrow indicating movement. The third frame shows the person's face with a dashed arrow indicating a change in orientation. The text 'J.302(16)_F05' is in the bottom right corner.](b9ecbc3baefab13719e000faa6e0c7eb_img.jpg) + +Figure 5 – Streaming strategy for AR-STV metadata. The diagram illustrates the transmission of AR-STV metadata over time. A timeline at the top shows 'Start time' and 'Duration'. Below this, three 'Instruction' boxes are shown, each with a 'Time stamp'. The first instruction contains 'Instruction ID', 'AR region', 'AR object', and 'Environment Info.'. The second and third instructions contain 'Ref\_Instruction ID' and 'AR region variation'. Arrows point from these instructions to a sequence of three video frames. The first frame shows a scene with a sun and a person's face. The second frame shows the person's face with a dashed arrow indicating movement. The third frame shows the person's face with a dashed arrow indicating a change in orientation. The text 'J.302(16)\_F05' is in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 5 – Streaming strategy for AR-STV metadata + +## 8.1 Initial instruction + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional | +|-----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| InitInstruction | Serves as a container for information which shall be transmitted beforehand or periodically. | O | +| AugmentedObject | Describes the location of an augmented object in order for the terminal to download beforehand. | M | +| Id | Specifies the ID of an initial instruction. | M | +| contentsNum | Specifies the number of augmented objects in the initial instruction. | M | + +## 8.2 Instruction + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| ReferenceResource | Contains the URL of the image(s) to be tracked from the video scenes in the user terminal. In the case where the user terminal has enough power to process image tracking algorithm, the terminal may overlay 3D graphics on the video updating the motion according to the automatically extracted motion factors from the video. Here 'track' means the moving changes of the | O | + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional | +|------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| | image and 'tracking' means a process to acquire coordinates generated by the image's track. Figure 6 shows the reference images for tracking and video scene. Reference images 1 and 2 are examples of resources to be referenced for tracking in the video scene of the church building. | | + +![Figure 6: Reference images and scene for tracking from video. The figure contains three images: 'Reference image 1' (a close-up of a church facade), 'Reference image 2' (another close-up of the same facade), and a larger 'Scene from video' (an aerial view of the church and surrounding buildings). A green circle in the top right of the scene image contains the text 'Scene from video'. The label 'J.302(16)_F06' is at the bottom right.](589af9a5d6f5bbbdc8f482e364688676_img.jpg) + +Figure 6: Reference images and scene for tracking from video. The figure contains three images: 'Reference image 1' (a close-up of a church facade), 'Reference image 2' (another close-up of the same facade), and a larger 'Scene from video' (an aerial view of the church and surrounding buildings). A green circle in the top right of the scene image contains the text 'Scene from video'. The label 'J.302(16)\_F06' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 6 – Reference images and scene for tracking from video** + +To realize the matching between reference image and moving image, several types of tracking technologies can be used. Figure 7 shows the image tracking process by feature point matching algorithm using reference image 1 and 2 in Figure 6. + +![Figure 7: Process of image tracking algorithm. The image shows a church building with numerous white lines overlaid, representing feature point matches between two different views. The label 'J.302(16)_F07' is at the bottom right.](33809b11cc711711ebb7be1282fcd4b7_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: Process of image tracking algorithm. The image shows a church building with numerous white lines overlaid, representing feature point matches between two different views. The label 'J.302(16)\_F07' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 7 –Process of image tracking algorithm** + +| | | | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---| +| AugmentationRegion | Describes the spatial region to be overlaid with graphics and also the motion of this region so the graphic objects may move according to this motion value. The motion value includes the position, scale and rotation of the object in 3D spaces. In the case where the user terminal does not have enough power for tracking, the metadata should have motion information and the user terminal only performs composition of the graphics.
EXAMPLE 1 Scale, rotation, transformation values by x, y and z axis. | M | +| AugmentedObject | Describes the graphics which will be overlaid on the scene. The graphic content may be either embedded in the metadata as inline content, or be referenced by an URL of a remote server. | M | + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional
| +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| EnvironmentInfo | Describes the environmental elements which will affect natural composition of synthetic graphics on the real world image.
EXAMPLE 1 Light source type, direction, colour, etc. | O | +| UserInteraction | Describes allowed user interaction for the augmentation region. | O | +| firstInstFlag | Indicates that the current instruction is the first instruction containing all information necessary to generate a new AR event. The value 1 means the current instruction is the first instruction and the value 0 means not. | M | +| augRegionIndicator | Describes the identification number to link the first instruction and the following instructions. By checking this value, terminals can recognize that the instructions belong to the same augmentation region. | M | +| Pts | Describes the presentation time stamp according to the time scale. The instruction should be ready to be presented up to this time. | M | +| duration | Describes the time period when the information in the key instruction shall be valid according to the time scale. | M | +| timeScale | Describes clock tic number per second. | M | +| numInstruction | Describes the number of the instructions including the key instruction and its following instructions. | M | +| priority | Describes the priority of instructions in processing order among the instructions sharing the same time point when they should become available for consumption. A value of one indicates the highest priority and larger values indicate lower priorities. | O | + +### 8.2.1 Reference resource + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional
| +|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Resources | Describes the location of reference resource(s) for recognition or tracking algorithm. | M | + +### 8.2.2 Augmentation region + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional
| +|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| TransformMaxtrix | Describes the transform matrix for calculating x, y and z point. | O | +| Coordinate | Describes 3D coordinates for 4 points of the quadrangle representing the augmentation region. | O | +| X1, y1, z1 | Describes left-top coordinate. | M | +| X2, y2, z2 | Describes right-top coordinate. | M | +| X3, y3, z3 | Describes right-bottom coordinate. | M | +| X4, y4, z4 | Describes left-top coordinate. | M | +| SRT | Describes rotation, scale and translation factor for central point of augmentation region. | O | +| sx, sy, sz | Scale factor of x, y and z axis. | M | + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional | +|------------|----------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| rx, ry, rz | Rotation factor of x, y and z axis. | M | +| tx, ty, tz | Translation factor of x, y and z axis. | M | + +\* Author should select one of TransformMatrix, Coordinate, or SRT. + +## 8.3 Augmented object + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| Inline | This parameter describes binary format whether augmented content is included in the metadata or not.
Basically, augmented content will be sent separately from the metadata. However, if the system sends the augmented content including in the metadata, it is required to set this parameter and indicates augmented content embedded in metadata. | O | +| Remote | Describes the URI indicating remote augmented content. | O | +| Tactile | This parameter describes the binary format of tactile content embedded in metadata and will be used when haptic device is connected to the AR-STV terminal.
Appendix II shows more detail about a haptic device use case. | O | +| ArrayIntensity | Describes the intensity of actuator by n*n matrix. It indicates how much space is applied for the tactile material. | M | +| tactileEffect | Describes the type of tactile actuator. For example; pressure, vibration | M | +| timeSamples | Describes the number of samples which shall be updated per second. | M | +| clearFlag | Indicating whether the previous augmented content shall be clear or not before displaying new augmented content. Value 1 means the previous content should be cleared. | O | +| Service | Describes the service type of augmented broadcasting.
This parameter is for future use. | O | + +\* Author should select one of Inline, Remote and Tactile + +## 8.4 Environment info + +### 8.4.1 Semantics + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional | +|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------| +| GlobalPosition | Describes GPS information of augmentation region. | O | +| Address | Describes the physical address indicated by augmentation region. | O | +| longitude | Describes the longitude of augmentation region. | M | +| Latitude | Describes the latitude of augmentation region. | M | +| Light | Describes the light source for natural composition of augmented content. | O | + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional
| +|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Position | Describes the location of light source with 3D position (x, y, z). | O | +| Rotation | Describes the location of light source with 3D rotation (x, y, z). | O | +| Type | Describes the type of light source according to below value and meaning;
1: point light
2: directional light
3: spot light | O | +| Color | Describes the colour of light source with RGB format.
Ex) #FF0000 | O | +| intensity | Describes the intensity of light source. | O | +| Camera | Describes the camera characteristics.
This parameter will be used by the rendering engine to generate a synthesized video frame. | O | +| Fov | Describes the field of view (FoV). | O | + +## 8.5 User interaction + +| Name | Definition | (M)andatory
(O)ptional
| +|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Resource | Describes URI of graphic object which will replace the current augmented object. | O | +| SRT | Describes the updated position and orientation and scale of the augmented object. | O | +| Event | Describes the event from user. The replacement, position change, scale change of the augmented object shall happen according to the event value. | O | + +# Appendix I + +## Syntax of XML-based AR-STV metadata + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +This appendix shows syntax of XML-based AR-STV metadata according to clause 8. + +### I.1 Namespace + +The prefix and the namespace of the AR-STV metadata is shown in Table I.1. + +**Table I.1 – Prefixes and namespace** + +| Prefix | Corresponding namespace | +|--------|------------------------------------------------| +| ARSTV | urn:arstv:ver1:represent:ARSTVmetadata:2011:07 | + +### I.2 Schema wrapper + +In order to form a valid schema document, these schema components should be gathered in a single document with the following declaration defining in particular the target namespace and the namespaces prefixes. + +``` + + + + +``` + +Additionally, the following line should be appended to the resulting schema document in order to obtain a well-formed XML document. + +``` + +``` + +### I.3 Root element + +``` + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### I.4 Initial instruction + +``` + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + +``` + +### I.5 Instruction + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### I.6 Reference resource + +``` + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### I.7 Augmentation region + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### 1.8 Augmented object + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### 1.9 Environment info + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +### I.10 User interaction + +``` + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +# Appendix II + +## Use case example of haptic device + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +With a haptic device, TV users can feel or enjoy the intensity/vibration of the content. + +![Diagram of AR-STV service connected with haptic device](e354b57563dae469c00b412b2abdf765_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates an AR-STV service setup. On the left, a cartoon user is shown. Above the user, a Kinect-like sensor is mounted on a TV, with a dashed line labeled 'User motion sensing' connecting the user's hand to the sensor. The sensor is connected to a box labeled 'AR-STV terminal'. From this terminal, a dashed line labeled 'Haptic signal' points to a pair of haptic gloves. The gloves are shown in two views: one labeled 'Bend sensors' and the other 'Vibration motors'. The user is shown touching a virtual owl on a TV screen. Above the owl, a yellow curved arrow points to the screen with the text 'Haptic AR contents: touch sensation'. + +Diagram of AR-STV service connected with haptic device + +J.302(16)\_F08 + +**Figure II.1 – An example of AR-STV service connected with haptic device** + +AR-STV service can be extended beyond the TV screen to an external device such as a haptic device. On receiving a haptic signal from an AR-STV terminal, a TV viewer with haptic gloves, as shown in the case of Figure II.1, would have the tactile feel of 'feathers' by touching the AR content via user motion sensing. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T H.222.0] Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 (2014) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:2015, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems.* +- [b-ISO/IEC 23000-13] ISO/IEC 23000-13:2014, *Information technology – Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) – Part 13: Augmented reality application format.* + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including telecommunication network management and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.342-201104-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.342-201104-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f73f476621bdeabec403ab8a50de70badedd5f98 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.342-201104-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,696 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.342** + +(04/2011) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Measurement of the quality of service + +--- + +**Objective multimedia video quality +measurement of HDTV for digital cable +television in the presence of a reduced +reference signal** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.342 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.342** + +## **Objective multimedia video quality measurement of HDTV for digital cable television in the presence of a reduced reference signal** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.342 provides an objective video quality measurement method for high definition television (HDTV) when a reduced reference signal is available. The following list shows example applications that can use this Recommendation: + +- 1) Interlaced video television streams over cable networks including those transmitted over the Internet using Internet Protocol. +- 2) Video quality monitoring at the receiver when side-channels are available. +- 3) Video quality monitoring at measurement nodes located between point of transmission and point of reception. + +## **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.342 | 2011-04-29 | 9 | + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2012 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 1.1 Applications..... | 2 | +| 1.2 Limitations..... | 2 | +| 2 References..... | 2 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 3 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 3 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 3 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 4 | +| 6 Description of the reduced reference measurement methods ..... | 4 | +| 6.1 Introduction ..... | 4 | +| 6.2 EPSNR reduced-reference model..... | 5 | +| Appendix I – Findings of the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) ..... | 17 | +| Bibliography..... | 19 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.342 + +## Objective multimedia video quality measurement of HDTV for digital cable television in the presence of a reduced reference signal + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation provides a video quality measurement method for use in high definition television (HDTV) non-interactive applications when the reduced reference (RR) measurement method can be used. The model was compared to subjective quality scores obtained using [b-ITU-T P.910]. Analyses showed that the accuracy of this model was equivalent to that of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). + +For the RR model to operate correctly, the unimpaired source video should be available for the model to extract parameters. These extracted parameters as well as the degraded video sequence are the inputs to the RR model. The estimation method performs both calibration (i.e., gain/offset and spatial/temporal registration) and objective video quality estimation. + +The validation test material contained both ITU-T H.264 and MPEG-2 coding degradations and various transmission error conditions (e.g., bit errors, dropped packets). The model proposed in this Recommendation may be used to monitor the quality of deployed networks to ensure their operational readiness. The visual effects of the degradations may include spatial as well as temporal degradations. The model in this Recommendation can also be used for lab testing of video systems. When used to compare different video systems, it is advisable to use a quantitative method (such as that in [b-ITU-T J.149]) to determine the model's accuracy for that particular context. + +This Recommendation is deemed appropriate for telecommunication services delivered between 1 Mbit/s and 30 Mbit/s. The following resolutions and frame rates were considered in the validation test: + +- 1080i 60 Hz (29.97 fps); +- 1080p (25 fps); +- 1080i 50 Hz (25 fps); +- 1080p (29.97 fps). + +The following conditions were allowed in the validation test for each resolution: + +| Test factors | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Video resolution: 1920 × 1080 interlaced and progressive | +| Video frame rates 29.97 and 25 frames per second | +| Video bitrates: 1 to 30 Mbit/s | +| Temporal frame freezing (pausing with skipping) of maximum 2 seconds | +| Transmission errors with packet loss | +| Conversion of the SRC from 1080 to 720p, compression, transmission, decompression, and then conversion back to 1080 | +| Coding technologies | +| ITU-T H.264/AVC (MPEG-4 Part 10) | +| MPEG-2 | + +Note that 720p was considered in the validation test plan as part of the test condition of the hypothetical reference circuit (HRC). Because currently 720p is commonly upscaled as part of the display, it was felt that 720p HRCs would more appropriately address this format. + +## 1.1 Applications + +The applications for the estimation models described in this Recommendation include but are not limited to: + +- 1) Interlaced video television streams over cable networks including those transmitted over the Internet using Internet Protocol. +- 2) Video quality monitoring at the receiver when side-channels are available. +- 3) Video quality monitoring at measurement nodes located between point of transmission and point of reception. + +The model described in this Recommendation provides a statistically similar performance to PSNR; yet it can be used for video quality assessment when the reference signal is not available at the point of measurement. + +## 1.2 Limitations + +The video quality estimation model described in this Recommendation cannot be used to replace subjective testing. Correlation values between two carefully designed and executed subjective tests (i.e., in two different laboratories) normally fall within the range 0.95 to 0.98. This Recommendation cannot be used to make video system comparisons (e.g., comparing two codecs, comparing two different implementations of the same compression algorithm). The performance of the video quality estimation model described in this Recommendation is not statistically better than PSNR. + +When frame freezing was present, the test conditions typically had frame freezing durations for less than 2 seconds. The model in this Recommendation was not validated for measuring video quality in a re-buffering condition (i.e., video that has a steadily increasing delay or freezing without skipping). The model was not tested on other frame rates than those used in TV systems (i.e., 29.97 frames per second and 25 frames per second, in interlaced or progressive mode). + +It should be noted that in case of new coding and transmission technologies producing artifacts which were not included in this evaluation, the objective model may produce erroneous results. Here, a subjective evaluation is required. + +Note that the model in this Recommendation was not evaluated on talking-head content typical of video-conferencing scenarios. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.144] Recommendation ITU-T J.144 (2004), *Objective perceptual video quality measurement techniques for digital cable television in the presence of a full reference*. + +[ITU-T J.244] Recommendation ITU-T J.244 (2008), *Full reference and reduced reference calibration methods for video transmission systems with constant misalignment of spatial and temporal domains with constant gain and offset*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +**3.1.1 objective perceptual measurement (picture)** [ITU-T J.144]: The measurement of the performance of a programme chain by the use of programme-like pictures and objective (instrumental) measurement methods to obtain an indication that approximates the rating that would be obtained from a subjective assessment test. + +**3.1.2 proponent** [ITU-T J.144]: An organization or company that proposes a video quality model for validation testing and possible inclusion in an ITU Recommendation. + +**3.1.3 subjective assessment (picture)** [ITU-T J.144]: The determination of the quality or impairment of programme-like pictures presented to a panel of human assessors in viewing sessions. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 frame rate**: The number of unique frames (i.e., total frames – repeated frames) per second. + +**3.2.2 simulated transmission errors**: Errors imposed upon the digital video bit stream in a highly controlled environment. Examples include simulated packet loss rates and simulated bit errors. Parameters used to control simulated transmission errors are well defined. + +**3.2.3 transmission errors**: Any error imposed on the video transmission. Example types of errors include simulated transmission errors and live network conditions. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ACR | Absolute Category Rating (see [b-ITU-T P.910]) | +| ACR-HR | Absolute Category Rating with Hidden Reference (see [b-ITU-T P.910]) | +| AVI | Audio Video Interleave | +| DMOS | Difference Mean Opinion Score | +| FR | Full Reference | +| FRTV | Full Reference Television | +| HRC | Hypothetical Reference Circuit | +| ILG | VQEG's Independent Laboratory Group | +| MOS | Mean Opinion Score | +| MOSp | Mean Opinion Score, predicted | +| NR | No (or zero) Reference | +| PSNR | Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio | +| PVS | Processed Video Sequence | + +| | | +|------|---------------------------------------| +| RMSE | Root Mean Square Error | +| RR | Reduced Reference | +| SFR | Source Frame Rate | +| SRC | Source Reference Channel (or Circuit) | +| VQEG | Video Quality Experts Group | +| YUV | Colour Space and file format | + +# 5 Conventions + +None. + +# 6 Description of the reduced reference measurement methods + +## 6.1 Introduction + +Although PSNR has been widely used as an objective video quality measure, it is also reported that it does not well represent perceptual video quality. By analysing how humans perceive video quality, it is observed that the human visual system is sensitive to degradation around the edges. In other words, when the edge pixels of a video are blurred, evaluators tend to give low scores to the video even though the PSNR is high. Based on this observation, the reduced reference models which mainly measure edge degradations have been developed. + +Figure 6-1 illustrates how a reduced-reference model works. Features which will be used to measure video quality at a monitoring point are extracted from the source video sequence and transmitted. Table 6-1 shows the side-channel bandwidths for the features, which have been tested in the VQEG HDTV test. + +![Block diagram of reduced-reference model showing the flow from source video sequence through a transmitter and feature extraction, then through channels to a receiver and RR model, resulting in a received video sequence.](c2fc2621e8206d24427b56bcb2398fc0_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + SVS[source video sequence] --> T[transmitter] + SVS --> FEFM[feature extraction for video quality measurement] + T --> C1[channel] + C1 --> R[receiver] + FEFM --> C2[channel] + R --> RV[received video sequence] + R --> RR[RR model] + C2 --> RR + +``` + +Block diagram of reduced-reference model showing the flow from source video sequence through a transmitter and feature extraction, then through channels to a receiver and RR model, resulting in a received video sequence. + +Figure 6-1 – Block diagram of reduced-reference model + +Table 6-1 – Side-channel bandwidths + +| Video format | Tested bandwidths | +|----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| 1080i 60 Hz (29.97 fps)
1080p (29.97 fps) | 56 kbit/s, 128 kbit/s, 256 kbit/s | +| 1080p (25 fps)
1080i 50 Hz (25 fps) | 56 kbit/s, 128 kbit/s, 256 kbit/s | + +## 6.2 EPSNR reduced-reference model + +### 6.2.1 Edge PSNR (EPSNR) + +RR models mainly measure on-edge degradations. In the models, an edge detection algorithm is first applied to the source video sequence to locate the edge pixels. Then, the degradation of those edge pixels is measured by computing the mean squared error. From this mean squared error, the edge PSNR is computed. + +Any edge detection algorithm can be used, though there may be minor differences in the results. For example, any gradient operator to locate edge pixels can be used from the number of gradient operators that have been proposed. In many edge detection algorithms, the horizontal gradient image $g_{horizontal}(m,n)$ and the vertical gradient image $g_{vertical}(m,n)$ are first computed using gradient operators. Then, the magnitude gradient image $g(m,n)$ may be computed as follows: + +$$g(m, n) = |g_{horizontal}(m, n)| + |g_{vertical}(m, n)|$$ + +Finally, a thresholding operation is applied to the magnitude gradient image to find edge pixels. In other words, pixels whose magnitude gradients exceed a threshold value are considered as edge pixels. + +Figures 6-2 to 6-6 illustrate the procedure. Figure 6-2 shows a source image. Figure 6-3 shows a horizontal gradient image $g_{horizontal}(m,n)$ , which is obtained by applying a horizontal gradient operator to the source image of Figure 6-2. Figure 6-4 shows a vertical gradient image $g_{vertical}(m,n)$ , which is obtained by applying a vertical gradient operator to the source image of Figure 6-2. Figure 6-5 shows the magnitude gradient image (edge image), and Figure 6-6 shows a binary edge image (mask image) obtained by applying thresholding to the magnitude gradient image of Figure 6-5. + +![A grayscale source image of a flower, likely a hibiscus, showing its petals and center. The image is slightly blurred and has a dark background with some leaves visible.](595e0e31625ba5be4b1e6bc8a5057f66_img.jpg) + +A grayscale source image of a flower, likely a hibiscus, showing its petals and center. The image is slightly blurred and has a dark background with some leaves visible. + +Figure 6-2 – Source image (original image) + +![Horizontal gradient image of a flower.](d5a837fa4f4675e5ee596003cf55985c_img.jpg) + +A grayscale image showing the horizontal gradient of a flower. The image is predominantly black, with bright white highlights that trace the horizontal edges and contours of the flower's petals and stem. These highlights indicate areas of rapid change in pixel intensity along the horizontal axis. + +Horizontal gradient image of a flower. + +**Figure 6-3 – Horizontal gradient image obtained by applying a horizontal gradient operator to the source image of Figure 6-2** + +![Vertical gradient image of a flower.](e3b8510f6a2194e250205ab7bc38076d_img.jpg) + +A grayscale image showing the vertical gradient of the same flower. Similar to the horizontal gradient, it is mostly black. However, the bright white highlights now trace the vertical edges and contours of the flower's structure, indicating areas of rapid change in pixel intensity along the vertical axis. + +Vertical gradient image of a flower. + +**Figure 6-4 – Vertical gradient image obtained by applying a vertical gradient operator to the source image of Figure 6-2** + +![Magnitude gradient image of a flower-like object.](0f2a1e4a7b12fe5b8749882ecd636f5c_img.jpg) + +A grayscale image showing the magnitude of gradients for a flower-like object. The edges are highlighted as bright, thin lines against a dark background. The object has a central cluster of petals and several stems with leaves. + +Magnitude gradient image of a flower-like object. + +**Figure 6-5 – Magnitude gradient image** + +![Binary edge image (mask image) obtained from the magnitude gradient image of Figure 6-5.](bb6d33498937738ff5dac8d91c9ebaad_img.jpg) + +A binary (black and white) image representing the edges detected from the magnitude gradient image. The edges are shown as solid white lines on a black background, forming the outline of the flower-like object. + +Binary edge image (mask image) obtained from the magnitude gradient image of Figure 6-5. + +**Figure 6-6 – Binary edge image (mask image) obtained +from the magnitude gradient image of Figure 6-5** + +Alternatively, a modified procedure to find edge pixels may be used. For instance, a vertical gradient operator may be first applied to the source image, producing a vertical gradient image. Then, a horizontal gradient operator is applied to the vertical gradient image, producing a modified successive gradient image (horizontal and vertical gradient image). Finally, a thresholding operation may be applied to the modified successive gradient image to find edge pixels. In other words, pixels of the modified successive gradient image, which exceed a threshold value, are considered as edge pixels. Figures 6-7 to 6-9 illustrate the modified procedure. Figure 6-7 shows a vertical gradient image $g_{vertical}(m,n)$ , which is obtained by applying a vertical gradient operator to the source image of Figure 6-2. Figure 6-8 shows a modified successive gradient image (horizontal and vertical gradient image), which is obtained by applying a horizontal gradient operator to the vertical gradient image of Figure 6-7. Figure 6-9 shows the binary edge image (mask image) obtained by applying thresholding to the modified successive gradient image of Figure 6-8. + +![Vertical gradient image of a textured surface.](0dd5ee731e9d7e34e498b5c926110773_img.jpg) + +This image shows the result of applying a vertical gradient operator to a source image. It is a grayscale image where the background is mostly black. Bright, wavy, and jagged lines of varying intensity are visible, representing the vertical edges and gradients of features in the original image. These features appear to be part of a larger, complex texture. + +Vertical gradient image of a textured surface. + +**Figure 6-7 – Vertical gradient image obtained by applying a vertical gradient operator to the source image of Figure 6-2** + +![Modified successive gradient image.](7832324609ad3cc688064e0341612b32_img.jpg) + +This image is a further processed version of the one in Figure 6-7. It shows the result of applying a horizontal gradient operator to the vertical gradient image. The bright features are now more fragmented and appear as small, bright specks and short horizontal dashes against a dark background, highlighting horizontal changes in the already vertically-processed image. + +Modified successive gradient image. + +**Figure 6-8 – Modified successive gradient image obtained by applying a horizontal gradient operator to the vertical gradient image of Figure 6-7** + +![Figure 6-9: Binary edge image (mask image) showing white edges on a black background, derived from the modified successive gradient image of Figure 6-8.](5f2c99ae08864cf2d5c949947bac2b98_img.jpg) + +A binary edge image showing white edges on a black background. The edges form a complex, irregular shape, possibly representing the outline of a face or a similar object. The edges are thin and jagged, with some internal structures visible. + +Figure 6-9: Binary edge image (mask image) showing white edges on a black background, derived from the modified successive gradient image of Figure 6-8. + +**Figure 6-9 – Binary edge image (mask image) obtained from the modified successive gradient image of Figure 6-8** + +It is noted that both methods can be understood as edge detection algorithms. Any edge detection algorithm may be chosen, depending on the nature of videos and compression algorithms. However, some methods may outperform others. + +Thus, in the model, an edge detection operator is first applied, producing edge images (Figures 6-5 and 6-8). Then, a mask image (binary edge image) is produced by applying thresholding to the edge image (Figures 6-6 and 6-9). In other words, pixels of the edge image whose value is smaller than threshold $t_e$ are set to zero and pixels whose value is equal to or larger than the threshold are set to a non-zero value. Figures 6-6 and 6-9 show some mask images. Since a video can be viewed as a sequence of frames or fields, the procedure described above can be applied to each frame or field of videos. Since the model can be used for field-based videos or frame-based videos, the term "image" will be used to indicate a field or frame. + +### **6.2.2 Selecting features from source video sequences** + +Since the model is a reduced-reference (RR) model, a set of features need to be extracted from each image of a source video sequence. In the EPSNR RR model, a certain number of edge pixels are selected from each image. Then, the locations and pixel values are encoded and transmitted. However, for some video sequences, the number of edge pixels can be very small when a fixed threshold value is used. In the worst scenario, it can be zero (blank images or very low frequency images). In order to address this problem, if the number of edge pixels of an image is smaller than a given value, the user may reduce the threshold value until the number of edge pixels is larger than a given value. Alternatively, one can select edge pixels which correspond to the largest values of the horizontal and vertical gradient image. When there are no edge pixels (e.g., blank images) in a frame, one can randomly select the required number of pixels or skip the frame. For instance, if ten edge pixels are to be selected from each frame, one can sort the pixels of the horizontal and vertical gradient image according to their values and select the largest ten values. However, this procedure may produce multiple edge pixels at identical locations. To address this problem, one can first select several times the desired number of pixels of the horizontal and vertical gradient image, and then randomly choose the desired number of edge pixels among the selected pixels of the horizontal and vertical gradient image. In the models tested in the VQEG HDTV test, the desired number of edge pixels is randomly selected among a large pool of edge pixels. The pool of edge pixels is obtained by applying a thresholding operation to the gradient image. + +In the EPSNR RR models, the locations and edge pixel values are encoded after a Gaussian low pass filter is applied to the selected pixel locations. Although the Gaussian LPF ( $7 \times 3$ ) was used in the VQEG HDTV test, different low pass filters may be used depending on the video formats. It is noted that during the encoding process, cropping may be applied. In order to avoid selecting edge pixels in the cropped areas, the model selects edge pixels in the middle area (Figure 6-10). Table 6-2 shows the sizes after cropping, and it also shows the number of bits required to encode the location and pixel value of an edge pixel. + +**Table 6-2 – Bits requirement per edge pixel** + +| Video format | Size | Size after cropping | Bits for location | Bits for pixel value | Total bits per pixel | +|----------------|--------------------|---------------------|-------------------|----------------------|----------------------| +| HD progressive | $1920 \times 1080$ | $1856 \times 1032$ | 21 | 8 | 29 | +| HD interlaced | $1920 \times 540$ | $1856 \times 516$ | 20 | 8 | 28 | + +![Figure 6-10: A grayscale image of a flower centered within a larger black rectangular frame. White double-headed arrows are placed in the black margins: one vertical arrow at the top center and one horizontal arrow on the left center, illustrating the cropping process to define the 'middle area' for pixel selection.](555df5c0300cb1fca5dc028fec5ec6be_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-10: A grayscale image of a flower centered within a larger black rectangular frame. White double-headed arrows are placed in the black margins: one vertical arrow at the top center and one horizontal arrow on the left center, illustrating the cropping process to define the 'middle area' for pixel selection. + +**Figure 6-10 – An example of cropping and the middle area** + +The model selects edge pixels from each frame in accordance with the allowed bandwidth (Table 6-1). Table 6-3 shows the number of edge pixels per frame which can be transmitted for the tested bandwidths. + +**Table 6-3 – Number of edge pixels per frame/field** + +| Video format | 56 kbit/s | 128 kbit/s | 256 kbit/s | +|----------------|-----------|------------|------------| +| HD progressive | 46 | 105 | 211 | +| HD interlaced | 24 | 54 | 109 | + +![Flowchart of the model. The process starts with 'START', followed by 'spatial/temporal registration with full search range', then 'gain/offset estimation', and finally a box containing the text: 'For every possible spatial shifts (Δx,Δy), apply a temporal registration using a window and compute an EPSNR. Finally, choose the smallest EPSNR as VQM.'](8fbdfc3d17fb1dae7b2d8f5a287fa9fc_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + START([START]) --> A[spatial/temporal registration +with full search range] + A --> B[gain/offset estimation] + B --> C["For every possible spatial shifts (Δx,Δy), +apply a temporal registration using a window +and compute an EPSNR. Finally, +choose the smallest EPSNR as VQM."] + +``` + +Flowchart of the model. The process starts with 'START', followed by 'spatial/temporal registration with full search range', then 'gain/offset estimation', and finally a box containing the text: 'For every possible spatial shifts (Δx,Δy), apply a temporal registration using a window and compute an EPSNR. Finally, choose the smallest EPSNR as VQM.' + +Figure 6-11 – Flowchart of the model + +### 6.2.3 Spatial/temporal registration and gain/offset adjustment + +Before computing the difference between the edge pixels of the source video sequence and those of the processed video sequence, which is the received video sequence at the receiver, the model (Figure 6-11) first applies a spatial/temporal registration and gain/offset adjustment. The calibration method, Annex B of [ITU-T J.244], was used. To transmit the gain and offset features of [ITU-T J.244], 30% of the available bandwidths were used in the VQEG HDTV test. When the video sequence is interlaced, the calibration method is applied three times: even fields, odd fields and combined frames, while the calibration method is applied to frames in progressive video sequences. When the difference between the even field error (PSNR) and the odd field error was greater than a threshold, the registration results (x-shift, y-shift) with the smaller PSNR were used. Otherwise, the registration results with the combined frames were used. In the VQEG HDTV test, the threshold was set to 2 dB. + +At the monitoring point, the processed video sequence should be aligned with the edge pixels extracted from the source video sequence. However, if the side-channel bandwidth is small, only a few edge pixels of the source video sequence are available (Figure 6-12). Consequently, the temporal registration can be inaccurate if the temporal registration is performed using a single frame (Figure 6-13). To address this problem, the model uses a window for temporal registration. Instead of using a single frame of the processed video sequence, the model builds a window which consists of a number of adjacent frames to find the optimal temporal shift. Figure 6-14 illustrates the procedure. The mean squared error within the window is computed as follows: + +$$MSE_{window} = \frac{1}{N_{win}} \sum (E_{SRC}(i) - E_{PVS}(i))^2$$ + +where $MSE_{window}$ is the window mean squared error, $E_{SRC}(i)$ is an edge pixel within the window which has a corresponding pixel in the processed video sequence, $E_{PVS}(i)$ is a pixel of the processed video sequence corresponding to the edge pixel, and $N_{win}$ is the total number of edge pixels used to + +compute $MSE_{window}$ . This window mean squared error is used as the difference between a frame of the processed video sequence and the corresponding frame of the source video sequence. + +The window size can be determined by considering the nature of the processed video sequence. For a typical application, a window corresponding to two seconds is recommended. Alternatively, various sizes of windows can be applied and the best one which provides the smallest mean squared error can be used. Furthermore, different window centres can be used to consider frame skipping due to transmission errors (Figure 6-18). + +![Figure 6-12: Edge pixel selection of the source video sequence. The figure shows four frames of a house. In each frame, several black dots are placed on the edges of the house, representing selected edge pixels. The label 'J.342(11)_F6.12' is at the bottom right.](97fe9069356cc2a84e8e70673e405958_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-12: Edge pixel selection of the source video sequence. The figure shows four frames of a house. In each frame, several black dots are placed on the edges of the house, representing selected edge pixels. The label 'J.342(11)\_F6.12' is at the bottom right. + +Figure 6-12 – Edge pixel selection of the source video sequence + +![Figure 6-13: Aligning the processed video sequence to the edge pixels of the source video sequence. The figure shows two rows of four frames. The top row, labeled 'SRC', contains only the edge pixels (black dots) from the source sequence. The bottom row, labeled 'PVS', contains the full processed video frames of a house. Arrows point from the edge pixels in the SRC row to the corresponding locations in the PVS row. The label 'J.342(11)_F6.13' is at the bottom right.](8b4950bfee921d4b61936f6830644edf_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-13: Aligning the processed video sequence to the edge pixels of the source video sequence. The figure shows two rows of four frames. The top row, labeled 'SRC', contains only the edge pixels (black dots) from the source sequence. The bottom row, labeled 'PVS', contains the full processed video frames of a house. Arrows point from the edge pixels in the SRC row to the corresponding locations in the PVS row. The label 'J.342(11)\_F6.13' is at the bottom right. + +Figure 6-13 – Aligning the processed video sequence to the edge pixels of the source video sequence + +![Figure 6-14: Aligning the processed video sequence to the edge pixels using a window. This figure is similar to Figure 6-13 but includes a dashed rectangular window around the first three frames of the PVS row. An arrow points from the text 'Frame to be aligned' to the second frame of the PVS row. The frames are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 below both rows. The label 'J.342(11)_F6.14' is at the bottom right.](06eef9cc3970450903c158ec25346d21_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-14: Aligning the processed video sequence to the edge pixels using a window. This figure is similar to Figure 6-13 but includes a dashed rectangular window around the first three frames of the PVS row. An arrow points from the text 'Frame to be aligned' to the second frame of the PVS row. The frames are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 below both rows. The label 'J.342(11)\_F6.14' is at the bottom right. + +Figure 6-14 – Aligning the processed video sequence to the edge pixels using a window + +When the source video sequence is encoded at high compression ratios, the encoder may reduce the number of frames per second and the processed video sequence has repeated frames (Figure 6-15). In Figure 6-15, the processed video sequence does not have frames corresponding to some frames of the source video sequence (2, 4, 6, 8th frames). In this case, the model does not use repeated frames in computing the mean squared error. In other words, the model performs temporal + +registration using the first frame (valid frame) of each repeated block. Thus, in Figure 6-16, only three frames (3, 5, 7th frames) within the window are used for temporal registration. + +| | | | | | | | | | +|-----|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| SRC | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | +| PVS | A | A | C | C | E | E | G | G | +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | + +J.342(11)\_F6.15 + +**Figure 6-15 – Example of repeated frames** + +| | | | | | | | | | +|-----|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| SRC | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | +| PVS | Z | Z | B | B | D | D | F | F | +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | + +J.342(11)\_F6.16 + +**Figure 6-16 – Handling repeated frames** + +![](898fb89a50d9ec1dfb4e425c816976a7_img.jpg) + +Frame to be aligned + +| | | | | | | | | | | +|-----|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| PVS | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | + +Window of size 3 + +Window of size 5 + +Window of size 7 + +J.342(11)\_F6.17 + +**Figure 6-17 – Windows of various sizes** + +![](12de9b926df0384ec07702671827c9cd_img.jpg) + +Frame to be aligned + +| | | | | | | | | | | +|-----|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| PVS | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | +| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | + +J.342(11)\_F6.18 + +**Figure 6-18 – Window centres** + +### 6.2.4 Computing EPSNR and post-processing + +After temporal registration is performed, the average of the differences between the edge pixels of the source video sequence and the corresponding pixels of the processed video sequence is computed, which can be understood as the edge mean squared error of the processed video sequence ( $MSE_{edge}$ ). Finally, the EPSNR (edge PSNR) is computed as follows: + +$$EPSNR = 10 \log_{10} \left( \frac{p^2}{MSE_{edge}} \right)$$ + +where $p$ is the peak value of the image. + +Since various impairments can reduce video quality, the EPSNR value is adjusted by considering these effects which are quantified below. + +#### 1) Blocking metric I + +To consider blocking effects, average column differences are computed. Assuming modulo 8, the blocking score for the i-th frame is computed as follows: + +$$Blk[i] = \frac{\text{largest column difference}}{\text{second largest column difference}}$$ + +The final blocking score (*Blocking*) is computed by averaging the frame blocking scores. + +$$Blocking = \frac{1}{\text{number of frames}} \sum_i Blk[i]$$ + +Finally, the following equations are used: + +``` +IF (BLOCKING > 12 and 25 ≤ EPSNR < 30) adjust_EPSNR_blk1=3 +IF (BLOCKING > 5 and 30 ≤ EPSNR < 35) adjust_EPSNR_blk1=5 +``` + +#### 2) Blocking metric II + +Assuming that blocking impairments may occur in every 8th column (e.g., in MPEG2), a second blocking metric is also used. To compute the second blocking metric, the absolute horizontal difference is first computed as follows (Figure 6-19): + +$$d_h[j, k] = |Avg_L - Avg_R|$$ + +where $Avg_L = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{p=-1}^0 Frame[j + p, k]$ , $Avg_R = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{p=1}^2 Frame[j + p, k]$ . + +![Figure 6-19: Computing the absolute horizontal difference (d_h [j, k]). The diagram shows a grid of frames. A central frame is highlighted with a blue rectangle on the left (labeled Avg_L) and a red rectangle on the right (labeled Avg_R). Arrows point from these rectangles to the labels 'Frame[j, k]' and 'Frame[j+1, k]'. The horizontal axis is labeled 'j' and the vertical axis is labeled 'k'. Below the grid, the formula d_h[j, k] = |Avg_L - Avg_R| is shown.](d79d33da852cb7bca3e87b400a15c3e8_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-19: Computing the absolute horizontal difference (d\_h [j, k]). The diagram shows a grid of frames. A central frame is highlighted with a blue rectangle on the left (labeled Avg\_L) and a red rectangle on the right (labeled Avg\_R). Arrows point from these rectangles to the labels 'Frame[j, k]' and 'Frame[j+1, k]'. The horizontal axis is labeled 'j' and the vertical axis is labeled 'k'. Below the grid, the formula d\_h[j, k] = |Avg\_L - Avg\_R| is shown. + +**Figure 6-19 – Computing the absolute horizontal difference ( $d_h [j, k]$ )** + +Then, the sum of horizontal blockiness ( $SB_h$ ) at position $j$ is defined as follows: + +$$SB_h[j] = \left( \sum_{1 \leq k \leq height} (|Frame[j, k] - Frame[j + 1, k]| \times u(d_h[j, k] - \Phi(Avg_L))) \right)^2$$ + +where $u(\cdot)$ represents the unit step function, and + +$$\Phi(s) = \begin{cases} 17(1 - \sqrt{s/127}) + 3 & \text{if } s \leq 127 \\ 3(s - 127)/128 + 3 & \text{otherwise} \end{cases}$$ + +After repeating the procedure for the entire frames, the frame horizontal blockiness ( $FB_h$ ) is computed as follows: + +$$FB_h = \left( \sum_{\substack{1 \leq j \leq width \\ j \equiv 0 \pmod{8}}} SB_h[j] \right)^{1/2}$$ + +For each frame, the column difference ( $NFB_h$ ) excluding every 8th column is computed as follows: + +$$NFB_h = \frac{1}{7} \sum_{l=1}^7 \left( \sum_{\substack{1 \leq j \leq width \\ j \equiv l \pmod{8}}} \left( \sum_{1 \leq k \leq height} (|Frame[j,k] - Frame[j+1,k]| \times u(d_h[j,k] - \Phi(Avg_L))) \right)^2 \right)^{1/2}$$ + +Then, the final horizontal blocking feature, $BLK_H$ , is computed as follows: + +$$BLK_H = \ln(FB_h / NFB_h)$$ + +The vertical blocking feature $BLK_V$ was similarly computed. For interlaced video sequences, the vertical blocking feature is computed in the field sequence. The $i$ th frame blocking score is computed as follows: + +$$FrameBLK[i] = 0.5 \times BLK_H + 0.5 \times BLK_V$$ + +The final blocking score ( $BLOCKING2$ ) is computed by averaging the upper 10% frame blocking scores. + +Finally, the following equations are used: + +``` + +IF (BLOCKING2 > 1.5 and 25≤EPSNR<30) adjust_EPSNR_blk2=2 +IF (BLOCKING2 > 1.3 and 30≤EPSNR<35) adjust_EPSNR_blk2=2 +IF (BLOCKING2 > 1.5 and 35≤EPSNR<40) adjust_EPSNR_blk2=2 +IF (BLOCKING2 > 1 and 40≤EPSNR<45) adjust_EPSNR_blk2=2 +IF (BLOCKING2 > 0.5 and 45≤EPSNR<55) adjust_EPSNR_blk2=2 + +``` + +As can be seen in the above equations, this adjustment has minor effects on the final EPSNR value. If blocking artifacts do not occur due to deblocking filters, one may skip the above adjustment (EPSNR adjustment based on $BLOCKING2$ ). Also, one may use a different function for $\Phi(s)$ . + +#### 3) Maximum freeze frames and total freeze frames + +Transmission errors may cause long freeze frames. To consider long freeze frames, the following equations are used: + +``` + +IF (MAX_FREEZE ≥ 8 and 25≤EPSNR<30) adjust_EPSNR_max_freeze=3 +IF (MAX_FREEZE ≥ 6 and 30≤EPSNR<35) adjust_EPSNR_max_freeze=3 +IF (MAX_FREEZE ≥ 3 and 35≤EPSNR<40) adjust_EPSNR_max_freeze=3 +IF (MAX_FREEZE ≥ 1.5 and 40≤EPSNR<45) adjust_EPSNR_max_freeze=2 +IF (MAX_FREEZE ≥ 1 and 45≤EPSNR<95) adjust_EPSNR_max_freeze=2 + +``` + +where $MAX\_FREEZE$ is the largest duration of freeze frames. It is noted that if the video sequence is not 10 seconds, different thresholds should be used. + +Also, the total freeze frames are considered as follows: + +``` + +IF (TOTAL_FREEZE ≥ 80 and 25≤EPSNR<30) adjust_EPSNR_total_freeze=3 +IF (TOTAL_FREEZE ≥ 40 and 30≤EPSNR<35) adjust_EPSNR_total_freeze=4 +IF (TOTAL_FREEZE ≥ 10 and 35≤EPSNR<40) adjust_EPSNR_total_freeze=3.5 + +``` + +``` +IF(TOTAL_FREEZE $\geq$ 2 and EPSNR $\geq$ 40) adjust_EPSNR_total_freeze=1.5 +``` + +where TOTAL\_FREEZE is the total duration of freezed frames. It is noted that if the video sequence is not 10 seconds, different thresholds should be used. + +#### 4) Transmission error block + +Local freezed blocks may occur due to transmission errors. Also, in static scenes, some blocks are identical with the blocks of the previous frames at the same positions. To consider the local freezed blocks due to transmission errors, the blocks which contain the transmitted edge pixels are classified either as identical blocks (i.e., the blocks are identical to the blocks of the previous frames) or as different blocks. Then, two EPSNRs are computed for the identical blocks and the different blocks. A large difference between the two EPSNRs (EPSNR\_diff) indicates that transmission errors might occur. Based on this observation, the EPSNR is adjusted as follows: + +``` +IF(8 $\leq$ EPSNR_diff $\leq$ 30 and 25 $\leq$ EPSNR $<$ 30) adjust_EPSNR_diff= 3 +IF(9 $\leq$ EPSNR_diff $\leq$ 30 and 30 $\leq$ EPSNR $<$ 35) adjust_EPSNR_diff= 4 +IF(10 $\leq$ EPSNR_diff $\leq$ 30 and 35 $\leq$ EPSNR $<$ 40) adjust_EPSNR_diff= 6 +IF(9 $\leq$ EPSNR_diff $<$ 10 and 35 $\leq$ EPSNR $<$ 40) adjust_EPSNR_diff= 2 +IF(9 $\leq$ EPSNR_diff $\leq$ 30 and 40 $\leq$ EPSNR $<$ 45) adjust_EPSNR_diff= 4 +``` + +However, if the total number of the identical blocks is smaller than 100, no adjustment is made. + +#### 5) Final adjustment of EPSNR + +Finally, the EPSNR value is adjusted as follows: + +``` +EPSNR $\leq$ EPSNR - MAX(adjust_EPSNR_blk1,adjust_EPSNR_blk2,adjust_EPSNR_max_freeze, +adjust_EPSNR_total_freeze,adjust_EPSNR_diff) +``` + +#### 6) Piecewise linear fitting + +When the EPSNR exceeds a certain value, the perceptual quality becomes saturated. In this case, it is possible to set the upper bound of the EPSNR. Furthermore, when a linear relationship between the EPSNR and DMOS (difference mean opinion score) is desirable, one can apply a piecewise linear function as illustrated in Figure 6-20. In the model tested in the VQEG HDTV test, the upper bound was set to 50 and the lower bound to 19. + +![Figure 6-20: Piecewise linear function for linear relationship between the EPSNR and DMOS. The graph shows a piecewise linear function on a coordinate system with 'IN' on the x-axis and 'OUT' on the y-axis. The function starts at a horizontal line for IN < L1, then increases linearly between L1 and L2, then increases linearly between L2 and U1, and finally becomes horizontal for IN > U2. Vertical dashed lines mark the points L1, L2, U1, and U2 on the x-axis.](17cd95aa220e50963bf6eb9818e33163_img.jpg) + +Figure 6-20: Piecewise linear function for linear relationship between the EPSNR and DMOS. The graph shows a piecewise linear function on a coordinate system with 'IN' on the x-axis and 'OUT' on the y-axis. The function starts at a horizontal line for IN < L1, then increases linearly between L1 and L2, then increases linearly between L2 and U1, and finally becomes horizontal for IN > U2. Vertical dashed lines mark the points L1, L2, U1, and U2 on the x-axis. + +**Figure 6-20 – Piecewise linear function for linear relationship between the EPSNR and DMOS** + +## Appendix I + +## Findings of the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Studies of perceptual video quality measurements are conducted in an informal group called the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG), which reports to ITU-T and ITU-R. The recently completed high definition television phase I test of VQEG assessed the performance of proposed full reference perceptual video quality measurement algorithms. + +The following statistics are taken from the final VQEG HDTV report [b-VQEG Report]. Note that the body of the VQEG HDTV report includes other metrics including Pearson correlation and RMSE calculated on individual experiments, confidence intervals, statistical significance testing on individual experiments, analysis on subsets of the data that include specific impairments (e.g., ITU-T H.264 coding-only), scatter plots, and the fit coefficients. + +### Primary analysis + +The performance of the RR model is summarized in Table I.1. PSNR is calculated according to [b-ITU-T J.340] and included in this analysis for comparison purposes. "Superset RMSE" identifies the primary metric (RMSE) computed on the aggregated superset (i.e., all six experiments mapped onto a single scale). "Top performing group total" identifies the number of experiments (0 to 6) for which this model was either the top performing model or statistically equivalent to the top performing model. "Equivalent to or better than PSNR total" identifies the number of experiments (0 to 6) for which the model was statistically equivalent to or better than PSNR. "Equivalent to superset PSNR" lists whether each model is statistically equivalent to PSNR on the aggregated superset. "Superset correlation" identifies the Pearson correlation computed on the aggregated superset. + +**Table I.1 – Performance of the RR model** + +| Metric | PSNR | Yonsei56k | Yonsei128k | Yonsei256k | +|-----------------------------------------|------|-----------|------------|------------| +| Superset RMSE | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.73 | +| Top performing group total | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | +| Equivalent to or better than PSNR total | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | +| Equivalent to superset PSNR | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | +| Superset correlation | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.77 | + +Because the performance of the model is statistically identical for the three bandwidths, it is recommended to use this model with at least a side-channel bandwidth of 56 kbit/s. + +### Secondary analysis + +Table I.2 lists the RMSE for the RR model, for subdivisions of the superset. These subdivisions divide the data by coding type (ITU-T H.264 or MPEG-2) as well as by the presence of transmission errors (Errors) or whether the HRC contained coding artifacts only (Coding). Because the experiments were not designed to have these variables evenly span the full range of quality, only RMSE are presented for these subdivisions. + +**Table I.2 – RMSE for the RR model, for subdivisions of the superset** + +| HRC type | PSNR | Yonsei56k | Yonsei128k | Yonsei256k | +|--------------------|-------------|------------------|-------------------|-------------------| +| ITU-T H.264 coding | 0.75 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.65 | +| ITU-T H.264 error | 0.67 | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.86 | +| mpeg-2 coding | 0.78 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.80 | +| mpeg-2 error | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | +| Coding | 0.75 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 0.69 | +| Error | 0.67 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.79 | + +## Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.143] Recommendation ITU-T J.143 (2000), *User requirements for objective perceptual video quality measurements in digital cable television.* +- [b-ITU-T J.149] Recommendation ITU-T J.149 (2004), *Method for specifying accuracy and cross-calibration of Video Quality Metrics (VQM).* +- [b-ITU-T J.340] Recommendation ITU-T J.340 (2010), *Reference algorithm for computing peak signal to noise ratio of a processed video sequence with compensation for constant spatial shifts, constant temporal shift, and constant luminance gain and offset.* +- [b-ITU-T P.910] Recommendation ITU-T P.910 (2008), *Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications.* +- [b-ITU-T P.911] Recommendation ITU-T P.911 (1998), *Subjective audiovisual quality assessment methods for multimedia applications.* +- [b-ITU-R BT.500-11] Recommendation ITU-R BT.500-11 (2002), *Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures.* +- [b-VQEG Report] *Final Report from the VQEG on the validation of objective models of multimedia quality assessment, Phase I, (2008).* + + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling 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measurements + +# Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.343 specifies objective video quality measurement methods which use bitstream data in addition to processed video sequences. From bitstream data, the models can obtain additional information on the codec type, bit rate, frame rate, some transmission errors and spatial/temporal shifts. Consequently, such models may provide improved performance compared to objective video quality models, which use only processed video sequences. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.343 | 2014-11-29 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/12315 | + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2015 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 1.1 Applications..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 6 Description of hybrid perceptual bitstream model types ..... | 3 | +| Annex A – Summary of VQEG validation of hybrid models..... | 6 | +| A.1 Subjective datasets..... | 6 | +| A.2 Model performance summary..... | 8 | +| Bibliography..... | 17 | + +# Introduction + +Generally video quality estimation models are, depending upon the required input signals, categorized as no reference (NR), reduced reference (RR) and full reference (FR) models. NR models are provided with the processed video sequences only. RR models require that features extracted from the reference video sequences and the processed video sequences are provided. For FR models, the unimpaired reference and the processed video sequences must be provided. + +In addition, the models described in this Recommendation need access to the received bitstream data from which the model can obtain information on transmission errors (e.g., delay, packet loss), codec (e.g., type, bit-rates, frame rates, codec parameters), etc. + +Consequently, the models described here are categorized as hybrid models (i.e., Hybrid-NR, Hybrid-RR and Hybrid-FR). + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.343 + +## Hybrid perceptual bitstream models for objective video quality measurements + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes recommended objective models for non-intrusive monitoring of the video quality of IP-based video services based on the decoded video frames and packet-header. Some types of models also utilize the reference video or bitstream information. This Recommendation addresses six application areas: + +- [ITU-T J.343.1] specifies Hybrid-NRe models +- [ITU-T J.343.2] specifies Hybrid-NR models +- [ITU-T J.343.3] specifies Hybrid-RRe models +- [ITU-T J.343.4] specifies Hybrid-RR models +- [ITU-T J.343.5] specifies Hybrid-FRe models +- [ITU-T J.343.6] specifies Hybrid-FR models + +[ITU-T J.343.1] includes two models, [ITU-T J.343.2] includes one model, [ITU-T J.343.3] includes one model that operates at multiple side channel bandwidths to transmit the reduced reference information, [ITU-T J.343.4] includes one model that operates at multiple side channel bandwidths to transmit the reduced reference information, [ITU-T J.343.5] includes two models and [ITU-T J.343.6] includes two models. + +All of these models predict video quality in terms of mean opinion score (MOS), for example on a five-level absolute category rating (ACR) scale (see [ITU-T P.910] or [ITU-T P.913]). + +## 1.1 Applications + +This Recommendation describes models that estimate perceptual video quality. The applications for the estimation models described in this Recommendation include, but are not limited to: + +- real-time, in-service quality monitoring at the source; +- remote destination quality monitoring; +- quality measurement of transmission systems that utilize video compression and decompression techniques, including concatenations of such techniques. + +More information about applications can be found in the individual Recommendations that address these six application areas. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.340] Recommendation ITU-T J.340 (2010), *Reference algorithm for computing peak signal to noise ratio of a processed video sequence with compensation for constant spatial shifts, constant temporal shift, and constant luminance gain and offset*. + +- [ITU-T J.343.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.343.1 (2014), *Hybrid-NRe objective perceptual video quality measurement for HDTV and multimedia IP-based video services in the presence of encrypted bitstream data.* +- [ITU-T J.343.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.343.2 (2014), *Hybrid-NR objective perceptual video quality measurement for HDTV and multimedia IP-based video services in the presence of non-encrypted bitstream data.* +- [ITU-T J.343.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.343.3 (2014), *Hybrid-RRe objective perceptual video quality measurement for HDTV and multimedia IP-based video services in the presence of a reduced reference signal and encrypted bitstream data.* +- [ITU-T J.343.4] Recommendation ITU-T J.343.4 (2014), *Hybrid-RR objective perceptual video quality measurement for HDTV and multimedia IP-based video services in the presence of a reduced reference signal and non-encrypted bitstream data.* +- [ITU-T J.343.5] Recommendation ITU-T J.343.5 (2014), *Hybrid-FRe objective perceptual video quality measurement for HDTV and multimedia IP-based video services in the presence of a full reference signal and encrypted bitstream data.* +- [ITU-T J.343.6] Recommendation ITU-T J.343.6 (2014), *Hybrid-FR objective perceptual video quality measurement for HDTV and multimedia IP-based video services in the presence of a full reference signal and non-encrypted bitstream data.* +- [ITU-T P.910] Recommendation ITU-T P.910 (2008), *Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications.* +- [ITU-T P.913] Recommendation ITU-T P.913 (2014), *Methods for the subjective assessment of video quality, audio quality and audiovisual quality of Internet video and distribution quality television in any environment.* + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: + +- 3.1.1 processed** [ITU-T P.913]: The reference stimuli presented through a system under test. +- 3.1.2 processed video sequence** [ITU-T P.913]: The processed video sequence (PVS) is the impaired version of a video sequence. +- 3.1.3 reference** [ITU-T P.913]: The original version of each source stimulus. This is the highest quality version available of the audio sample, video clip or audiovisual sequence. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 3.2.1 hybrid full reference model:** An objective video quality model that predicts subjective quality using the reference video, the decoded video frames, packet headers, and the video payload. Such models cannot analyse encrypted video. +- 3.2.2 hybrid full reference encrypted model:** An objective video quality model that predicts subjective quality using the reference video, the decoded video frames, and packet headers. Such models are suitable for use with encrypted video. +- 3.2.3 hybrid no reference model:** An objective video quality model that predicts subjective quality using the decoded video frames, packet headers, and video payload. Such models can be deployed in-service but cannot analyse encrypted video. + +**3.2.4 hybrid no reference encrypted model:** An objective video quality model that predicts subjective quality using the decoded video frames and packet headers. Such models can be deployed in-service and are suitable for use with encrypted video. + +**3.2.5 hybrid reduced reference model:** An objective video quality model that predicts subjective quality using the decoded video frames, packet headers, video payload and features extracted from the reference video. Such models can be deployed in-service but cannot analyse encrypted video. + +**3.2.6 hybrid reduced reference encrypted model:** An objective video quality model that predicts subjective quality using the decoded video frames, packet headers, and features extracted from the reference video. These models can be deployed in-service and are suitable for use with encrypted video. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------------|-------------------------------------| +| ACR | Absolute Category Rating | +| CODEC | Coder-Decoder | +| ES | Elementary bitStream | +| FR | Full Reference | +| Hybrid-FR | Hybrid Full Reference | +| Hybrid-FRe | Hybrid Full Reference encrypted | +| Hybrid-NR | Hybrid No Reference | +| Hybrid-NRe | Hybrid No Reference encrypted | +| Hybrid-RR | Hybrid Reduced Reference | +| Hybrid-RRe | Hybrid Reduced Reference encrypted | +| MOS | Mean Opinion Score | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| NR | No (or zero) Reference | +| PES | Packetized Elementary bitStream | +| PSNR | Peak Signal to Noise Ratio | +| PVS | Processed Video Sequence | +| RMSE | Root-Mean Square Error | +| RR | Reduced Reference | +| SRC | Source Reference Channel or Circuit | +| VQEG | Video Quality Experts Group | + +# 5 Conventions + +None. + +# 6 Description of hybrid perceptual bitstream model types + +This Recommendation specifies objective video quality measurement methods which use both processed video sequences and bitstream data. The bitstream data may be provided in the forms of + +elementary bitstream (ES), packetized elementary bitstream (PES) or packet video (Figure 1). Table 1 shows required inputs for each model. + +**Table 1 – Required inputs** + +| Model type | Model name | Required inputs | +|------------|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Hybrid NRe | RST-V model
YHyNRe | Processed video sequence (PVS)
Encrypted bitstream | +| Hybrid NR | YHyNR | PVS
Non-encrypted bitstream | +| Hybrid RRe | YHyRRe | PVS
Features extracted from source reference channel (SRC)
Encrypted bitstream | +| Hybrid RR | YHyRR | PVS
Features extracted from SRC
Non-encrypted bitstream | +| Hybrid FRe | PEVQ-S (e)
YHyFRe | PVS
SRC
Encrypted bitstream | +| Hybrid FR | PEVQ-S
YHyFR | PVS
SRC
Non-encrypted bitstream | + +Hybrid-NR and Hybrid-NRe models use only PVS and bitstream data, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. Where Hybrid-NR models have access to all of this data, Hybrid-NRe models do not have access to the video payload. Therefore, these models can be used with encrypted bitstreams. + +![Block-diagram depicting the core concept of hybrid perceptual bitstream models. The diagram shows an Encoder at the top outputting a sequence of boxes (Elementary stream (ES), packetized elementary stream (PES), or packet video). These boxes pass through a dashed box labeled 'Channel'. Below the channel, the sequence of boxes is shown again, with a label 'Elementary stream(ES) or packetized elementary stream (PES) or packet video'. Below this, a 'Decoder' block receives the sequence and outputs a 'Received video sequence'. Finally, both the 'Received video sequence' and the sequence of boxes from the channel are input into a 'Hybrid perceptual/bitstream model' block. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)_F01.](daa4a6fa7e2ba1954258f86b4928eb32_img.jpg) + +Block-diagram depicting the core concept of hybrid perceptual bitstream models. The diagram shows an Encoder at the top outputting a sequence of boxes (Elementary stream (ES), packetized elementary stream (PES), or packet video). These boxes pass through a dashed box labeled 'Channel'. Below the channel, the sequence of boxes is shown again, with a label 'Elementary stream(ES) or packetized elementary stream (PES) or packet video'. Below this, a 'Decoder' block receives the sequence and outputs a 'Received video sequence'. Finally, both the 'Received video sequence' and the sequence of boxes from the channel are input into a 'Hybrid perceptual/bitstream model' block. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)\_F01. + +**Figure 1 – Block-diagram depicts the core concept of hybrid perceptual bitstream models** + +![Block-diagram of the Hybrid-NR model. Bitstream data is input to an STB (terminal, decoder), which outputs to a Display and a Hybrid NR model. The Hybrid NR model also receives bitstream data and outputs MOSp. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)_F02.](cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + BD[Bitstream data] --> STB[STB +(terminal, decoder)] + STB --> Display[Display] + STB --> HNR[Hybrid NR model] + BD --> HNR + HNR --> MOSp[MOSp] + J34314_F02[J.343(14)_F02] + +``` + +Block-diagram of the Hybrid-NR model. Bitstream data is input to an STB (terminal, decoder), which outputs to a Display and a Hybrid NR model. The Hybrid NR model also receives bitstream data and outputs MOSp. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)\_F02. + +MOSp: predicted MOS by the model + +**Figure 2 – Block-diagram of the Hybrid-NR model** + +In addition to the data available to a Hybrid-NR model, Hybrid-RR and Hybrid-RRe models also use features extracted from source video sequences. Figure 3 shows a Hybrid-RR model. In addition to the bitstream data, the Hybrid-RR model uses the features extracted from the SRC. Where Hybrid-RR models have access to all of this data, Hybrid-RRe models do not have access to the video payload. Therefore, these models can be used with encrypted bitstreams. + +![Block-diagram of the Hybrid-RR model. Bitstream data is input to an STB (terminal, decoder), which outputs to a Display and a Hybrid RR model. Features extracted from SRC are also input to the Hybrid RR model. The Hybrid RR model outputs DMOSp. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)_F03.](d26959f4514c26ca19c3d6f00da85956_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + BD[Bitstream data] --> STB[STB +(terminal, decoder)] + STB --> Display[Display] + STB --> HRR[Hybrid RR model] + FES[Features extracted from SRC] --> HRR + HRR --> DMOSp[DMOSp] + J34314_F03[J.343(14)_F03] + +``` + +Block-diagram of the Hybrid-RR model. Bitstream data is input to an STB (terminal, decoder), which outputs to a Display and a Hybrid RR model. Features extracted from SRC are also input to the Hybrid RR model. The Hybrid RR model outputs DMOSp. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)\_F03. + +DMOSp: predicted DMOS by the model + +**Figure 3 – Block-diagram depicts the Hybrid-RR model** + +In addition to the data available to a Hybrid-NR model, the Hybrid-FR and Hybrid-FRe models also use reference video sequences. Figure 4 shows a Hybrid-FR model. The Hybrid-FR and Hybrid-FRe models needs the SRC. Where Hybrid-FR models have access to all of this data, Hybrid-FRe models do not have access to the video payload. Therefore, these models can be used with encrypted bitstreams. + +![Block-diagram of the Hybrid-FR model. Bitstream data is input to an STB (terminal, decoder), which outputs to a Display and a Hybrid FR model. SRC is also input to the Hybrid FR model. The Hybrid FR model outputs DMOSp. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)_F04.](c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + BD[Bitstream data] --> STB[STB +(terminal, decoder)] + STB --> Display[Display] + STB --> HFR[Hybrid FR model] + SRC[SRC] --> HFR + HFR --> DMOSp[DMOSp] + J34314_F04[J.343(14)_F04] + +``` + +Block-diagram of the Hybrid-FR model. Bitstream data is input to an STB (terminal, decoder), which outputs to a Display and a Hybrid FR model. SRC is also input to the Hybrid FR model. The Hybrid FR model outputs DMOSp. The diagram is labeled J.343(14)\_F04. + +**Figure 4 – Block-diagram depicts the Hybrid-FR model** + +# Annex A + +## Summary of VQEG validation of hybrid models + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +NOTE – The text in this annex is taken directly from Section 1 (Summary) of [b-VQEG Hybrid] and differs only as follows: + +- Models not present in this series of Recommendations have been omitted, with one exception: peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) from [ITU-T J.340] is included as a reference point for model accuracy. +- The RST-V model is referred to as "TVM-Hybrid Encrypted" within [b-VQEG Hybrid]. +- The PEVQ-S (e) model is referred to as "PEVQ-S" within [b-VQEG Hybrid]. +- Table 1 from [b-VQEG Hybrid] is re-named Table A.1, Table 2 from [b-VQEG Hybrid] is renamed Table A.2, etc. to align with numbering in this annex. +- Grammatical edits were made (e.g., references to [b-VQEG Hybrid], clarifications within footnotes). + +This annex presents results from the hybrid project of the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG). The goal was to evaluate the performance of hybrid perceptual bitstream models predicting the perceived video quality based on input consisting of video frames and bitstream information. The Hybrid Test addressed no-reference, reduced reference and full reference hybrid models as well as one no-reference non-hybrid model. This Hybrid Test addresses the following video formats: 1080p at 25 and 29.97 frames-per-second, 1080i at 50 and 59.94 fields-per second, VGA at 25 and 30 frames-per-second, and WVGA at 25 and 30 frames-per-second. The Hybrid Test addresses videos encoded using H.264 and transmitted over RTP/UDP for VGA/WVGA formats, and transmitted over TS/RTP/UDP for HD. + +A total of eleven testing laboratories coordinated to perform subjective testing. Ten subjective experiments provided data against which model validation was performed. The experiments were divided as follows: five HD experiments, three VGA experiments, and two WVGA experiments. One of the WVGA experiments was assessed twice, once with rebuffering conditions included and once with rebuffering conditions excluded. The impairments examined were restricted to coding artifacts, packet loss, tandem coding, rebuffering, scaling of the resolution, frame rate reduction, error concealment, slicing, freezing, as well as live and simulated transmission errors. + +Two common sets of video sequences were created: one for the HD experiments and another for the VGA/WVGA experiments. These common sets were inserted into each experiment, to anchor the video experiments to one another and assist in comparisons between the subjective experiments. These common sequences were used to map the experiments onto a single scale (called "HD merge", "VGA merge" in this report). + +Models were submitted by four proponents: Deutsche Telekom AG, OPTICOM GmbH, SwissQual AG, and Yonsei University. Different models were submitted for different encryption levels (encrypted and non-encrypted) and reduced reference side channel bitrates (56, 128 and 256 kbit/s). Six hybrid no-reference models, two hybrid reduced reference models, four hybrid full reference models and one no-reference model were submitted. No models were withdrawn. Thirteen models are presented in this final report. + +The hybrid data may not be used as evidence to standardize any other objective video quality model that was not tested within this phase. This comparison would not be fair, because another model could have been trained on the hybrid data. + +## A.1 Subjective datasets + +- HybridVGA1: This test focuses on live video recording of video streams transmitted over a commercially operated 3G mobile network or transmitted over LAN with simulated network + +impairments. This dataset has 15 different source videos of VGA resolution at 30 fps. Video sequences contain coding impairments and transmission impairments with packet loss, packet delay, and rebuffering due to limited throughput. + +- HybridVGA2: This VGA experiment included x264 encoding (from 128 kbit/s to 1200 kbit/s) with simulated transmission errors (burst/random, from 0.5%~1.5%). Down-sampling (to QVGA) followed by up-sampling and error concealments (slicing/freezing) were applied to some sequences. The frame rate was set to 30 fps except for some sequences (10 fps). +- HybridVGA3: This database is targeting transmission errors without player rebuffering effects. The database includes simulated transmission distortions, as well as transmission over a commercially operated IP Network. Transcoding, scaling, and error concealment were applied to some sequences as pre- and post-processing. The resolution is VGA (640 × 480 pixels) and the frame rate is 25 frames per second. +- HybridWVGA1: This WVGA experiment includes x264 encoding (from 128 kbit/s to 1200 kbit/s) with simulated transmission errors (burst/random, from 0.5%~1.5%). Down-sampling (to QWVGA) followed by up-sampling and error concealments (slicing/freezing) were applied to some sequences. The frame rate was set to 30 fps except for some sequences (15 fps). +- HybridWVGA2: This WVGA experiment focuses on simulated rebuffering. Videos were streamed over a local loopback, and changing buffer sizes resulted in packet delay and rebuffering. In addition, the test set contains videos with coding only distortions, and down-sampling before transmission followed by up-sampling at the video decoder. A total of 8 source videos were paired with 11 HRCs, resulting in a total of 88 PVSs each at 25 fps. +- HybridWVGA2 no rebuf.: Contains the HRCs from dataset Hybrid WVGA2 that do not contain rebuffering (see section 3.1 of [b-VQEG Hybrid]). +- VGA merge: Datasets VGA1, VGA2, VGA3, WVGA1 and WVGA2 are combined into a single dataset, which provides an estimate of the model's overall VGA/WVGA performance. The algorithm used to combine datasets has some limitations (see section 4.2.3 of [b-VQEG Hybrid] for details). +- VGA merge no rebuf: Does the same but eliminates rebuffering from dataset HybridWVGA2 (see section 3.1 of [b-VQEG Hybrid]). +- Hybrid HD1: This 1080i 60fps experiment contains x264 encoding / simulated loss (uniform-bursty distributions, low/medium/high packet loss rates) / VLC and T-Labs decoder. Many sequences contained network impairments, which resulted in a cluster of low quality data points (from 1 to 2.5). +- Hybrid HD2: This 1080i 50 fps experiment presents typical H264 over UDP streaming scenarios at bit rates from 2 Mbit/s to 15 Mbit/s, with transcoding from lower bit rate to higher bit rate, packet losses (from 5-10 packets up to 0.125%), a relatively short GOP structure (12 or 15 frames in a single GOP) and short IP packets (242 bytes long). +- Hybrid HD3: This 1080p 30 fps experiment includes x264-encoded sequences with coding distortions and simulated network errors (uniform and bursty loss), targeting H.264 over UDP streaming scenarios with low (1.5 Mbit/s) to high (8 Mbit/s) bitrates and low (0.125%) to high (0.5%) packet loss ratios. Packet loss was concealed, resulting in slicing and freezing artifacts. +- Hybrid HD4: This 1080p25 database consists of sequences containing encoding-only artifacts or degradations caused by packet losses during video streaming over UDP. Furthermore, some more advanced features of H.264 video encoding are used such as Intra-refresh, open GOP structures, and hierarchical B-pictures. + +- Hybrid HD5: This database contains 10 different source video sequences (1080i, 60 fps). This experiment includes x264 encoding (from 2 Mbit/s to 14 Mbit/s) with simulated transmission errors (burst/random, from 0.1%~1.3%). Down-sampling (by a factor 1/2, 1/3) followed by up-sampling and error concealments (slicing/freezing) were applied to some sequences. +- HD merge: Datasets HD1, HD2, HD3, HD4 and HD5 are combined into a single dataset, which provides an estimate of the model's overall HD performance. The algorithm used to combine datasets has some limitations (see section 4.2.3 of [b-VQEG Hybrid] for details). + +## A.2 Model performance summary + +The models were evaluated using three statistics that provide insights into model performance: Root-mean square error (RMSE), Pearson Correlation and Epsilon Independent RMSE. Each model was fitted to each subjective experiment using a 3rd order monotonic polynomial function. RMSE is considered the primary metric for analysis in this report. Thus, RMSE is used to determine whether a model is in the group of top performing models for one video format/resolution (i.e., a group of models that include the top performing model and models that are statistically equivalent to the top performing model). + +Table A.1 through Table A.6 provide RMSE and Pearson Correlation for each type of model. Note that: + +- Mean opinion score (MOS) was calculated using a 5-level absolute category rating (ACR) scale, and thus spans the range [1, 5]. Hybrid-NR and NR models are analysed using MOS. +- DMOS was calculated on the same [1, 5] scale using the ACR-HR method. Hybrid-FR and Hybrid-RR models are analysed using DMOS. +- PSNR is computed according to [ITU-T J.340], for comparison purposes. +- Within one table, all RMSE values can be directly compared. +- On the top half of each table (RMSE), the yellow highlights indicate that this model is statistically equivalent to the top performing model on this particular dataset. This statistical equivalence is computed using RMSE. +- On the bottom half of each table (Pearson correlation), the light blue highlights indicate that this model is equivalent to or better than PSNR for this particular dataset. This comparison is made for all models that can be deployed in-service (Hybrid-NR, Hybrid-RR and NR). This statistical equivalence is computed using RMSE. +- On the bottom half of each table (Pearson correlation), the light green highlights indicate that this model is better than PSNR for this particular dataset. This comparison is made for all models that cannot be deployed in-service (Hybrid-FR). This statistical equivalence is computed using RMSE. +- "Mean of VGA" computes the averages for that model over all five VGA and WVGA datasets (i.e., HybridVGA1, HybridVGA2, HybridVGA3, HybridWVGA1, and HybridWVGA2). +- "Mean of VGA no rebu" does the same but eliminates rebuffering from dataset HybridWVGA2, i.e., computes the average of HybridVGA1, HybridVGA2, HybridVGA3, HybridWVGA1, and HybridWVGA2 no rebu, (see section 3.1 of [b-VQEG Hybrid]). +- "Mean of HD" computes the average for that model over all five HD datasets (i.e., HybridHD1, HybridHD2, HybridHD3, HybridHD4 and HybridHD5). + +Comparisons between different types of models are presented in the body of [b-VQEG Hybrid]. + +**Table A.1 – Hybrid-NR non-encrypted model performance summary, using MOS1** + +| Statistic | Dataset | YHyNR | PSNR | +|---------------------|-----------------------|-------------|-------------| +| RMSE | HybridVGA1 | 0.70 | 0.68 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.49 | 0.62 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.52 | 0.59 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.59 | 0.62 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.49 | 0.65 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no rebuf | 0.42 | 0.65 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.59 / 0.59 | 0.69 / 0.70 | +| | Mean of VGA/no rebuf | 0.56 / 0.55 | 0.63 / 0.63 | +| RMSE | HybridHD1 | 0.43 | 0.47 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.54 | 0.65 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.47 | 0.63 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.70 | 0.59 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.50 | 0.71 | +| | HD merge | 0.56 | 0.63 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.52 | 0.61 | +| Pearson correlation | HybridVGA1 | 0.69 | 0.72 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.88 | 0.80 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.79 | 0.72 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.83 | 0.81 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.87 | 0.76 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no rebuf | 0.93 | 0.82 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.78 / 0.79 | 0.68 / 0.69 | +| | Mean of VGA/ no rebuf | 0.81 / 0.82 | 0.76 / 0.79 | +| Pearson correlation | HybridHD1 | 0.89 | 0.87 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.84 | 0.76 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.88 | 0.78 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.80 | 0.86 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.82 | 0.58 | +| | HD merge | 0.84 | 0.79 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.85 | 0.77 | + +1 **Yellow highlight** (top) indicates model is either the top performing model for this dataset or has equivalent performance. If no model has a yellow highlight, then [b-VQEG Hybrid] contains a model that had superior performance for that dataset. **Blue highlight** (bottom) indicates model performs equivalently to or better than PSNR. These statistical comparisons are computed using RMSE for both the top (yellow) and bottom (blue) part. Highlights in the "VGA merge/- no rebuf" rows mark the performance of "VGA merge". + +**Table A.2 – Hybrid-NR encrypted model performance summary, using MOS2** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | RST-V | YHyNRe | PSNR | +|---------------------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|-------------| +| RMSE | HybridVGA1 | 0.51 | 0.70 | 0.68 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.59 | 0.57 | 0.62 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.59 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.62 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.62 | 0.56 | 0.65 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no rebuf | 0.41 | 0.47 | 0.65 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.61 / 0.61 | 0.66 / 0.66 | 0.69 / 0.70 | +| | Mean of VGA/no rebuf | 0.59 / 0.55 | 0.62 / 0.60 | 0.63 / 0.63 | +| RMSE | HybridHD1 | 0.48 | 0.34 | 0.47 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.65 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.63 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.81 | 0.74 | 0.59 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.49 | 0.55 | 0.71 | +| | HD merge | 0.69 | 0.63 | 0.63 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.64 | 0.61 | 0.61 | +| Pearson correlation | HybridVGA1 | 0.85 | 0.69 | 0.72 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.82 | 0.83 | 0.80 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.72 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.74 | 0.77 | 0.81 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.76 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no rebuf | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.82 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.76 / 0.78 | 0.72 / 0.73 | 0.68 / 0.69 | +| | Mean of VGA/no rebuf | 0.79 / 0.82 | 0.77 / 0.78 | 0.76 / 0.77 | +| Pearson correlation | HybridHD1 | 0.86 | 0.93 | 0.87 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.72 | 0.70 | 0.76 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.67 | 0.71 | 0.78 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.72 | 0.77 | 0.86 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.83 | 0.78 | 0.58 | +| | HD merge | 0.74 | 0.79 | 0.79 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.77 | + +2 **Yellow highlight** (top) indicates model is either the top performing model for this dataset or has equivalent performance. If no model has a yellow highlight, then [b-VQEG Hybrid] contains a model that had superior performance for that dataset. **Blue highlight** (bottom) indicates model performs equivalently to or better than PSNR. These statistical comparisons are computed using RMSE for both the top (yellow) and bottom (blue) part. Highlights in the "VGA merge/- no rebuf" rows mark the performance of "VGA merge". + +**Table A.3 – Hybrid-RR non-encrypted model performance summary, using DMOS3** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | YHyRR
at 56 kbit/s | YHyRR
at 128 kbit/s | YHyRR
at 256 kbit/s | PSNR | +|------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------|------------------------|------------------------|-------------| +| RMSE | HybridVGA1 | 0.79 | 0.79 | – | 0.66 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.49 | 0.49 | – | 0.63 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.41 | 0.41 | – | 0.56 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.50 | 0.50 | – | 0.59 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.39 | 0.39 | – | 0.60 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no
rebuf | 0.31 | 0.30 | – | 0.59 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.57 / 0.58 | 0.57 / 0.58 | – | 0.66 / 0.66 | +| | Mean of VGA/no
rebuf | 0.52 / 0.50 | 0.51 / 0.50 | – | 0.61 / 0.61 | +| RMSE | HybridHD1 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.42 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.59 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.72 | +| | HD merge | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.61 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.59 | +| Pearson
correlation | HybridVGA1 | 0.63 | 0.63 | – | 0.77 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.89 | 0.89 | – | 0.81 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.88 | 0.88 | – | 0.75 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.88 | 0.88 | – | 0.83 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.92 | 0.92 | – | 0.79 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no
rebuf | 0.96 | 0.96 | – | 0.86 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.80 / 0.80 | 0.80 / 0.81 | – | 0.72 / 0.73 | +| | Mean of VGA/no
rebuf | 0.84 / 0.85 | 0.84 / 0.85 | – | 0.79 / 0.80 | +| Pearson
correlation | HybridHD1 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.91 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.84 | + +3 Yellow highlight (top) indicates model is either the top performing model for this dataset or has equivalent performance. Blue highlight (bottom) indicates model performs equivalently to or better than PSNR. These statistical comparisons are computed using RMSE for both the top (yellow) and bottom (blue) part. Highlights in the "VGA merge/- no rebuf" rows mark the performance of "VGA merge". + +**Table A.3 – Hybrid-RR non-encrypted model performance summary, using DMOS3** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | YHyRR
at 56 kbit/s | YHyRR
at 128 kbit/s | YHyRR
at 256 kbit/s | PSNR | +|-----------|------------|-----------------------|------------------------|------------------------|------| +| | HybridHD3 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.80 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.88 | 0.86 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.60 | +| | HD merge | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.83 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.80 | + +**Table A.4 – Hybrid-RR encrypted model performance summary, using DMOS4** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | YHyRRRe
at 56 kbit/s | YHyRRRe
at 128 kbit/s | YHyRRRe
at 256 kbit/s | PSNR | +|------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|-------------| +| RMSE | HybridVGA1 | 0.79 | 0.78 | – | 0.66 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.49 | 0.49 | – | 0.63 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.44 | 0.44 | – | 0.56 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.49 | 0.49 | – | 0.59 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.42 | 0.41 | – | 0.60 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no
rebuf | 0.30 | 0.30 | – | 0.59 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.58 / 0.59 | 0.58 / 0.58 | – | 0.66 / 0.66 | +| | Mean of VGA/no
rebuf | 0.53 / 0.50 | 0.52 / 0.50 | – | 0.61 / 0.61 | +| RMSE | HybridHD1 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.42 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.59 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.38 | 0.72 | +| | HD merge | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.61 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.59 | +| Pearson
correlation | HybridVGA1 | 0.64 | 0.64 | – | 0.77 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.89 | 0.89 | – | 0.81 | + +4 Yellow highlight (top) indicates model is either the top performing model for this dataset or has equivalent performance. Blue highlight (bottom) indicates model performs equivalently to or better than PSNR. These statistical comparisons are computed using RMSE for both the top (yellow) and bottom (blue) part. Highlights in the "VGA merge/- no rebuf" rows mark the performance of "VGA merge". + +**Table A.4 – Hybrid-RR encrypted model performance summary, using DMOS4** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | YHyRRe
at 56 kbit/s | YHyRRe
at 128 kbit/s | YHyRRe
at 256 kbit/s | PSNR | +|------------------------|-------------------------|------------------------|-------------------------|-------------------------|-------------| +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.86 | 0.86 | – | 0.75 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.89 | 0.89 | – | 0.83 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.91 | 0.91 | – | 0.79 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no
rebuf | 0.96 | 0.96 | – | 0.86 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.79 / 0.80 | 0.79 / 0.80 | – | 0.72 / 0.73 | +| | Mean of VGA/no
rebuf | 0.84 / 0.85 | 0.84 / 0.85 | – | 0.79 / 0.80 | +| Pearson
correlation | HybridHD1 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.91 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.84 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.80 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.60 | +| | HD merge | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.83 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.80 | + +**Table A.5 – Hybrid-FR non-encrypted model performance summary, using DMOS5** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | PEVQ-S | Yonsei-hFR | PSNR | +|---------------------|----------------------|-------------|-------------|-------------| +| RMSE | HybridVGA1 | 0.65 | 0.79 | 0.66 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.63 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.56 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0.59 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.53 | 0.39 | 0.60 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no rebuf | 0.51 | 0.31 | 0.59 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.57 / 0.55 | 0.57 / 0.58 | 0.66 / 0.66 | +| | Mean of VGA/no rebuf | 0.55 / 0.55 | 0.52 / 0.50 | 0.61 / 0.61 | +| RMSE | HybridHD1 | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.42 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.51 | 0.66 | 0.59 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.41 | 0.52 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.64 | 0.57 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.50 | 0.46 | 0.72 | +| | HD merge | 0.51 | 0.55 | 0.61 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.48 | 0.52 | 0.59 | +| Pearson correlation | HybridVGA1 | 0.77 | 0.63 | 0.77 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.81 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.79 | 0.88 | 0.75 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.83 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.84 | 0.92 | 0.79 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no rebuf | 0.89 | 0.96 | 0.86 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.81 / 0.83 | 0.80 / 0.81 | 0.72 / 0.73 | +| | Mean of VGA/no rebuf | 0.83 / 0.84 | 0.84 / 0.85 | 0.79 / 0.80 | +| Pearson correlation | HybridHD1 | 0.94 | 0.91 | 0.90 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.88 | 0.79 | 0.84 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.80 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.86 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.60 | +| | HD merge | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.83 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.80 | + +5 Yellow highlight (top) indicates model is either the top performing model for this dataset or has equivalent performance. Green highlight (bottom) indicates model performs better than PSNR. These statistical comparisons are computed using RMSE for both the top (yellow) and bottom (green) part. Highlights in the "VGA merge/- no rebuf" rows mark the performance of "VGA merge". + +**Table A.6 – Hybrid-FR encrypted model performance summary, using DMOS6** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | PEVQ-S (e)
for (pes+rtp) | PEVQ-S (e)
for (ts+rtp) | YHyFRe | PSNR | +|------------------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------|-------------|-------------| +| RMSE | HybridVGA1 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.78 | 0.66 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.63 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.56 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.49 | 0.59 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.41 | 0.60 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no
rebuf | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.30 | 0.59 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.57 / 0.55 | 0.57 / 0.55 | 0.58 / 0.59 | 0.66 / 0.66 | +| | Mean of VGA/no rebuf | 0.55 / 0.55 | 0.55 / 0.55 | 0.52 / 0.50 | 0.61 / 0.61 | +| RMSE | HybridHD1 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.42 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.73 | 0.59 | +| | HybridHD3 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.64 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.60 | 0.60 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.38 | 0.72 | +| | HD merge | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.58 | 0.61 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.59 | +| Pearson
correlation | HybridVGA1 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.64 | 0.77 | +| | HybridVGA2 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.81 | +| | HybridVGA3 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.86 | 0.75 | +| | HybridWVGA1 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.89 | 0.83 | +| | HybridWVGA2 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.91 | 0.79 | +| | HybridWVGA2 no
rebuf | 0.89 | 0.89 | 0.96 | 0.86 | +| | VGA merge/no rebuf | 0.81 / 0.83 | 0.81 / 0.83 | 0.79 / 0.80 | 0.72 / 0.73 | +| | Mean of VGA/no rebuf | 0.83 / 0.84 | 0.83 / 0.84 | 0.84 / 0.85 | 0.79 / 0.80 | +| Pearson
correlation | HybridHD1 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.91 | +| | HybridHD2 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.73 | 0.84 | + +6 Yellow highlight (top) indicates model is either the top performing model for this dataset or has equivalent performance. Green highlight (bottom) indicates model performs better than PSNR. These statistical comparisons are computed using RMSE for both the top (yellow) and bottom (green) part. Highlights in the "VGA merge/- no rebuf" rows mark the performance of "VGA merge". The PEVQ-S (e) model is analysed in two different ways: for handling PES payload encryption only (pes+rtp) and for handling TS payload encryption (ts+rtp). + +**Table A.6 – Hybrid-FR encrypted model performance summary, using DMOS6** + +| Statistic | Dataset(s) | PEVQ-S (e)
for (pes+rtp)
| PEVQ-S (e)
for (ts+rtp)
| YHyFRe | PSNR | +|------------------|-------------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------|---------------|-------------| +| | HybridHD3 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.78 | 0.80 | +| | HybridHD4 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.86 | 0.86 | +| | HybridHD5 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.91 | 0.60 | +| | HD merge | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.83 | +| | Mean of HD | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.80 | + +# Bibliography + +[b-VQEG Hybrid] Video Quality Experts Group (2014), *Hybrid Perceptual/Bitstream Validation Test Final Report*. + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.366.5-200707-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.366.5-200707-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3a2fbcdb54c40b4a5abef1918c6df34798612717 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.366.5-200707-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.366.5** + +(07/2007) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**IP multimedia subsystem Cx and Dx interfaces; +Signalling flows and message contents +specification** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.366.5 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.366.5** + +# **IP multimedia subsystem Cx and Dx interfaces; Signalling flows and message contents specification** + +# **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.366.5 specifies: + +- 1) The interactions between the HSS (home subscriber server) and the CSCF (call session control functions), referred to as the Cx interface. +- 2) The interactions between the CSCF and the SLF (server locator function), referred to as the Dx interface. + +The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed the specification in a form optimized for the wireless environment. This Recommendation references the ETSI version of the 3GPP specification and specifies only the modifications necessary to optimize it for the cable environment. + +# **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.366.5 | 2007-07-29 | 9 | + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +# NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +# INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2011 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 1 | +| 6 Modifications to [ETSI TS 129 228]..... | 2 | +| Bibliography..... | 16 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.366.5 + +## IP multimedia subsystem Cx and Dx interfaces; Signalling flows and message contents specification + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies: + +- 1) The interactions between the HSS (home subscriber server) and the CSCF (call session control functions), referred to as the Cx interface. +- 2) The interactions between the CSCF and the SLF (server locator function), referred to as the Dx interface. + +The IP multimedia (IM) subsystem stage 2 is specified in [b-3GPP TS 23.228] and the signalling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on SIP and SDP are specified in [b-3GPP TS 24.228]. + +This Recommendation addresses the signalling flows for Cx and Dx interfaces. It also addresses how the functionality of the Px interface is accomplished. + +The Presence Service Stage 2 description (architecture and functional solution) is specified in [b-3GPP TS 23.141]. + +The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed the specification in a form optimized for the wireless environment. This Recommendation references the ETSI version of the 3GPP specification and specifies only the modifications necessary to optimize it for the cable environment. + +It is an important objective of this work that interoperability between IPCablecom 2.0 and 3GPP IMS be provided. IPCablecom 2.0 is based upon 3GPP IMS, but includes additional functionality necessary to meet the requirements of cable operators. Recognizing developing converged solutions for wireless, wireline, and cable, it is expected that further development of IPCablecom 2.0 will continue to monitor and contribute to IMS developments in 3GPP, with the aim of alignment of 3GPP IMS and IPCablecom 2.0. + +The modifications to ETSI TS 129 228 V6.9.0 (2005-12), *IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx and Dx Interfaces; Signalling flows and message contents*, are shown in clause 6. + +# 2 References + +- [ETSI TS 129 228] ETSI TS 129 228 V6.9.0 (2005), *Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx and Dx Interfaces; Signalling flows and message contents*. + +# 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation uses the terms defined in [ETSI TS 129 228]. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the abbreviations provided in [ETSI TS 129 228]. + +# 5 Conventions + +This Recommendation uses the conventions provided in [ETSI TS 129 228]. + +# 6 Modifications to [ETSI TS 129 228] + +*Modifications introduced by this Recommendation are shown in revision marks. Unchanged text is replaced by ellipsis (...). Some parts of unchanged text (section numbers, etc.) may be kept to indicate the correct insertion points.* + +## 1 Scope + +This 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) specifies: + +- 1) The interactions between the HSS (Home Subscriber Server) and the CSCF (Call Session Control Functions), referred to as the Cx interface. +- 2) The interactions between the CSCF and the SLF (Server Locator Function), referred to as the Dx interface. + +The IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem stage 2 is specified in 3GPP TS 23.228 [1] and the signalling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on SIP and SDP are specified in 3GPP TS 24.228 [2]. + +This document addresses the signalling flows for Cx and Dx interfaces. + +This document also addresses how the functionality of Px interface is accomplished. + +The Presence Service Stage 2 description (architecture and functional solution) is specified in 3GPP TS 23.141 [10]. + +The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed the specification in a form optimized for the wireless environment. This Recommendation references the ETSI version of the 3GPP specification and specifies only the modifications necessary to optimize it for the cable environment. + +It is an important objective of this work that interoperability between IPCablecom 2.0 and 3GPP IMS is provided. IPCablecom 2.0 is based upon 3GPP IMS, but includes additional functionality necessary to meet the requirements of cable operators. Recognizing developing converged solutions for wireless, wireline, and cable, it is expected that further development of IPCablecom 2.0 will continue to monitor and contribute to IMS developments in 3GPP, with the aim of alignment of 3GPP IMS and IPCablecom 2.0. + +The modifications to ETSI TS 29.228 V6.9.0 IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx and Dx Interfaces; Signalling Flows and Message Contents Specification TS 29.228 are listed below. + +## 2 References + +– IP Cablecom2 defines several Recommendations which are based on 3GPP technical specifications. These IPCablecom2 Recommendations are commonly referred to as IPCablecom2 Delta Recommendations. For references within this Recommendation which have a corresponding IPCablecom2 Delta Recommendation, the IPCablecom2 Delta Recommendation must be used. The list of IPCablecom2 Delta Recommendations is: + +| | | +|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| ITU-T J.366.1 (TS 23.008) | ITU-T J.366.5 (TS 29.228) | +| ITU-T J.366.2 (TS 23.218) | ITU-T J.366.6 (TS 29.229) | +| ITU-T J.366.3 (TS 23.228) | ITU-T J.366.7 (TS 33.203) | +| ITU-T J.366.4 (TS 24.229) | ITU-T J.366.8 (TS 33.210) | +| ITU-T J.366.10 (TS 29.109) | ITU-T J.366.9 (TS 33.220) | + +[References which have corresponding delta specifications are highlighted with an \\*](#) + +[1] \*3GPP TS 23.228: "IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem – Stage 2". + +... + +## 6.3 Authentication procedures + +This procedure is used between the S-CSCF and the HSS to exchange information to support the authentication between the end user and the home IMS network. The procedure is invoked by the S-CSCF, corresponds to the combination of the operations Cx-AV-Req and Cx-AV-Req-Resp (see 3GPP TS 33.203 [3]) and is used: + +- To retrieve authentication vectors from the HSS. +- To resolve synchronization failures between the sequence numbers in the UE and the HSS [for authentication schemes that support this capability \(e.g., IMS-AKA\)](#). + +This procedure is mapped to the commands Multimedia-Auth-Request/Answer in the Diameter application specified in 3GPP TS 29.229 [5]. Tables 6.3.1 ~~6.3.5 through 6.3.7~~ detail the involved information elements. [Tables 6.3.1, 6.3.2 and 6.3.4 are common to all authentication schemes; Tables 6.3.3 and 6.3.5 are specific to IMS-AKA authentication; Tables 6.3.6 and 6.3.7 are specific to SIP-Digest authentication.](#) + +**Table 6.3.1 – Authentication Request** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|----------------------------------------|-------------------------|------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Public User Identity (See 7.2) | Public-Identity | M | This information element contains the Public User Identity of the user | +| Private User Identity (See 7.3) | User-Name | M | This information element contains the Private User Identity | +| Number Authentication Items (See 7.10) | SIP-Number-Auth-Items | M | This information element indicates the number of authentication vectors requested. Certain authentication schemes may not support more than one set of authentication vectors (e.g., SIP-Digest). In these cases, the HSS will ignore the value of this AVP and assume a value of 1. | +| Authentication Data (See 7.9) | SIP-Auth-Data-Item | M | See Tables 6.3.2 and 6.3.3 for the contents of this information element for IMS-AKA . The content shown in table 6.3.2 shall be used for a normal authentication request; the content shown in table 6.3.3 shall be used for an authentication request after synchronization failure. See Table 6.3.6 for contents of this information element for SIP-Digest. | +| S-CSCF Name (See 7.4) | Server-Name | M | This information element contains the name (SIP URL) of the S-CSCF. | + +**Table 6.3.1 – Authentication Request** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Routing Information (See 7.13) | Destination-Host | C |

If the S-CSCF knows the HSS name this AVP shall be present. This information is available if the MAR belongs to an already existing registration, e.g., in case of the re-registration, where the HSS name is stored in the S-CSCF. The HSS name is obtained from the Origin-Host AVP, which is received from the HSS, e.g., included in the MAA command.

This information may not be available if the command is sent in case of the initial registration. In this case the Destination-Host AVP is not present and the command is routed to the next Diameter node, e.g., SLF, based on the Diameter routing table in the client.

| + +**Table 6.3.2 – Authentication Data content – Request** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|------------------------------------|----------------------------|------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Authentication Scheme (See 7.9.2) | SIP-Authentication-Scheme | M |

This information element indicates the authentication scheme. It shall contain:

| +| Authentication Context (See 7.9.7) | SIP-Authentication-Context | C |

It shall contain authentication-related information relevant for performing the authentication. When Authentication Scheme contains "Digest-AKA v1-MD5", this AVP is not used and shall be missing.

| + +**Table 6.3.3 – Authentication Data content – Request: Synchronization Failure [for IMS-AKA](#)** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|--------------------------|-------------------------|------|-------------| +|

...

| | | | + +**Table 6.3.4 – Authentication Request Response** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| User Identity (See 7.2) | Public-Identity | C | Public User Identity. It shall be present when the result is DIAMETER_SUCCESS. | +| Private User Identity (See 7.3) | User-Name | C | Private User Identity. It shall be present when the result is DIAMETER_SUCCESS. | +| Number Authentication Items (See 7.10) | SIP-Number-Auth-Items | C | This AVP indicates the number of authentication vectors delivered in the Authentication Data information element. It shall be present when the result is DIAMETER_SUCCESS. For SIP-Digest, this AVP shall be set to a value of 1. | +| Authentication Data (See 7.9) | SIP-Auth-Data-Item | C | If the SIP-Number-Auth-Items AVP is equal to zero or it is not present, then this AVP shall not be present.
See Table 6.3.5 for the contents of this information element for IMS-AKA . See Table 6.3.6 for the contents of this information element for SIP-Digest. | +| Result (See 7.6) | Result-Code / Experimental-Result | M | Result of the operation.
Result-Code AVP shall be used for errors defined in the Diameter Base Protocol.
Experimental-Result AVP shall be used for Cx/Dx errors. This is a grouped AVP which contains the 3GPP Vendor ID in the Vendor-Id AVP, and the error code in the Experimental-Result-Code AVP. | + +**Table 6.3.5 – Authentication Data content – Response [for IMS-AKA](#)** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|--------------------------|-------------------------|------|-------------| +| ... | | | | + +**[Table 6.3.6 – Authentication Data content – Response for SIP Digest](#)** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|---------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Authentication Scheme (See 7.9.2) | SIP-Authentication-Scheme | M | This information element indicates the authentication scheme. It shall contain "Digest". | +| Digest Authenticate (See 7.18) | SIP-Digest-Authenticate | M | See Table 6.3.7 for contents of this information element. | + +**Table 6.3.7 – SIP-Digest-Authenticate content – Response for SIP Digest** + +| Information element name | Mapping to Diameter AVP | Cat. | Description | +|------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Digest Realm
(See 7.18.1) | Digest-Realm | M | This information element corresponds to the realm parameter as defined in IETF RFC 3261 [11]. | +| Digest Domain
(See 7.18.2) | Digest-Domain | O | This information element corresponds to the domain parameter as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. | +| Digest Algorithm
(See 7.18.3) | Digest-Algorithm | O | This information element corresponds to the algorithm parameter as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. If this information element is empty, then "MD5" is assumed. | +| Digest QoP
(See 7.18.4) | Digest-QoP | O | This information element corresponds to the qop-options parameter as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. | +| Digest HA1
(See 7.18.5) | Digest-HA1 | M | This information element corresponds to the operation H(A1) as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. | +| Digest Auth Param
(See 7.18.6) | Digest-Auth-Param | O | This information element corresponds to the auth-param parameter as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. | + +### 6.3.1 Detailed behaviour + +The HSS shall, ~~in the following order~~ perform the following steps in the order presented (in case of an error in any of the steps the HSS shall stop processing and return the corresponding error code, see 3GPP TS 29.229 [5]): + +- 1) Check that the Private User Identity and the Public User Identity exist in the HSS. If not Experimental-Result-Code shall be set to DIAMETER\_ERROR\_USER\_UNKNOWN. +- 2) Check whether the Private and Public User Identities in the request are associated in the HSS. If not Experimental-Result-Code shall be set to DIAMETER\_ERROR\_IDENTITIES\_DONT\_MATCH. +- 3) Check that the authentication scheme indicated in the request is supported. If not Experimental-Result-Code shall be set to DIAMETER\_ERROR\_AUTH\_SCHEME\_UNSUPPORTED. +- 4) This step is only applicable for IMS-AKA authentication. If the request indicates there is a synchronization failure, the HSS shall compare the S-CSCF name received in the request to the S-CSCF name stored in the HSS: + - If they are identical the HSS shall process AUTS as described in 3GPP TS 33.203 [3] and return the requested authentication information. The Result-Code shall be set to DIAMETER\_SUCCESS. + +... + +## 6.7 S-CSCF Assignment + +... + +**Table 6.7 – Server-Capability associated with feature** + +| Capability | Mandatory or Optional (Note 1) | Description | +|-------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Support of the feature "Wildcarded PSI" | M | If the S-CSCF does not support the wildcarded PSI it will not be able to take into account the wildcardedPSI public identity received from the HSS in the user profile. The behaviour of the S-CSCF related to this missing data is undefined. | +| Support of the feature "Display Name" | O | If the S-CSCF does not support the "Display Name" feature it will not be able to take into account the display name received from the HSS. In this situation, the S-CSCF behaves as though the HSS did not transmit the Display Name. | +| Support of the feature "SIP Digest" | M | If the S-CSCF does not support the "SIP Digest" feature it will not be able to authenticate the user. | + +NOTE 1 – Mandatory (M) corresponds to Mandatory Capability and means that if an S-CSCF that does not support the feature is selected during the S-CSCF assignment procedure, the feature does not work and no default behaviour is expected. + +Optional (O) corresponds to an Optional Capability and means that if an S-CSCF that does not support the feature is selected during the S-CSCF assignment procedure, the feature is not realized but will not adversely affect the network. + +... + +### **7.9.2 Authentication Scheme** + +This information element contains the authentication scheme, which is used to encode the authentication parameters. + +[The scheme is "Digest-AKA-v1-MD5"](#) + +### **7.9.3 Authentication Information** + +... + +## **7.17 Associated Private Identities** + +This information element indicates to the S-CSCF the Private Identities, which belong to the same IMS Subscription as the Private Identity received in the request command. See 3GPP TS 29.229 [5]. + +## **[7.18 Digest Authenticate](#)** + +[This information element is composed of the following sub-elements.](#) + +### **[7.18.1 Digest Realm](#)** + +[This Information element is part of the Digest authentication challenge, and corresponds to the realm parameter as defined in IETF RFC 3261 \[11\]. This information element is used to convey the realm to the S-CSCF during the SIP Digest authentication procedure.](#) + +### **[7.18.2 Digest Domain](#)** + +[This Information element is part of the Digest authentication challenge, and corresponds to the domain parameter as defined in IETF RFC 2617 \[16\]. This information element is used to convey the domain to the S-CSCF during the SIP Digest authentication procedure.](#) + +### **7.18.3 Digest Algorithm** + +This Information element is part of the Digest authentication challenge, and corresponds to the algorithm parameter defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. This information element is used to convey the algorithm to the S-CSCF during the SIP Digest authentication procedure. + +### **7.18.4 Digest QoP** + +This Information element is part of the Digest authentication challenge, and corresponds to the qop-options as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. This information element is used to convey the QoP to the S-CSCF during the SIP Digest authentication procedure. It provides the Quality of Protection indication and has an effect on the digest computation. + +### **7.18.5 Digest HA1** + +This Information element is part of the Digest authentication challenge, and corresponds to the operation H(A1) as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. This information element is used to convey the HA1 to the S-CSCF during the SIP Digest authentication procedure. + +### **7.18.6 Digest Auth Param** + +This Information element is part of the Digest authentication challenge, and corresponds to the auth-param as defined in IETF RFC 2617 [16]. This information element is used to convey the Auth Param to the S-CSCF during the SIP Digest authentication procedure. + +# **8 Error handling procedures** + +... + +# Annex A (normative) + +## Mapping of Cx operations and terminology to Diameter + +## A.1 Introduction + +... + +## A.3 Cx message parameters to Diameter AVP mapping + +The following table gives an overview about the mapping: + +**Table A.3.1 – Cx message parameters to Diameter AVP mapping** + +| Cx parameter | AVP Name | +|-------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| Visited Network Identifier | Visited-Network-Identifier | +| Public Identity | Public-Identity | +| Private Identity | User-Name | +| S-CSCF Name | Server-Name | +| AS Name | | +| S-CSCF capabilities | Server-Capabilities | +| Result | Result-Code | +| | Experimental-Result-Code | +| User profile | User-Data | +| Server Assignment Type | Server-Assignment-Type | +| Authentication data | SIP-Auth-Data-Item | +| Item Number | SIP-Item-Number | +| Authentication Scheme | SIP-Authentication-Scheme | +| Authentication Information | SIP-Authenticate | +| Authorization Information | SIP-Authorization | +| Confidentiality Key | Confidentiality-Key | +| Integrity Key | Integrity-Key | +| Number Authentication Items | SIP-Number-Auth-Items | +| Reason for de-registration | Deregistration-Reason | +| Charging Information | Charging-Information | +| Routing Information | Destination-Host | +| Type of Authorization | Authorization-Type | +| Associated Private Identities | Associated-Identities | +| Digest Authenticate | Digest-Authenticate | +| Digest Realm | Digest-Realm | +| Digest Domain | Digest-Domain | +| Digest Algorithm | Digest-Algorithm | +| Digest QoP | Digest-QoP | +| Digest HA1 | Digest-HA1 | +| Digest Auth Param | Digest-Auth-Param | + +## A.4 Message flows + +The following message flows give examples regarding which Diameter messages shall be sent in scenarios described in 3GPP TS 23.228 [1]. + +### A.4.1 Registration– user not registered + +![Sequence diagram showing the registration process for a user not registered, using IMS AKA Authentication. The diagram involves two networks: Visited Network (UA, P-CSCF) and Home Network (I-CSCF, HSS, S-CSCF).](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UA + participant P-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant HSS + participant S-CSCF + + Note left of UA: Visited Network + Note right of S-CSCF: Home Network + + UA->>P-CSCF: 1. Register + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 2. Register + I-CSCF->>HSS: 3. UAR + HSS-->>I-CSCF: 4. UAA + Note right of I-CSCF: S-CSCF selection + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 5. Register + S-CSCF->>HSS: 6. MAR + Note right of HSS: Authentication vector selection + HSS-->>S-CSCF: 7. MAA +RAND||AUTN||XRES||CK||IK + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 8. 401 Unauthorised +RAND||AUTN||CK||IK + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 9. 401 Unauthorised +RAND||AUTN||CK||IK + P-CSCF->>UA: 10. 401 Unauthorised +RAND||AUTN + UA->>P-CSCF: 11. Register +RES + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 12. Register +RES + I-CSCF->>HSS: 13. UAR + HSS-->>I-CSCF: 14. UAA + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: 15. Register +RES + Note right of S-CSCF: Authentication + S-CSCF->>HSS: 18. SAR + HSS-->>S-CSCF: 19. SAA + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: 20. OK + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: 21. OK + P-CSCF->>UA: 22. OK +``` + +The sequence diagram illustrates the registration process for a user not registered, using IMS AKA Authentication. The interaction occurs between the Visited Network (containing UA and P-CSCF) and the Home Network (containing I-CSCF, HSS, and S-CSCF). The process begins with the UA sending a Register message to the P-CSCF, which is then forwarded to the I-CSCF. The I-CSCF sends a UAR to the HSS, which responds with a UAA. The I-CSCF then performs S-CSCF selection and sends a Register message to the S-CSCF. The S-CSCF sends a MAR to the HSS, which performs authentication vector selection and responds with a MAA containing RAND||AUTN||XRES||CK||IK. The S-CSCF then sends a 401 Unauthorised response to the I-CSCF, which is forwarded to the P-CSCF and then to the UA. The UA responds with a Register message containing RES, which is forwarded through the P-CSCF, I-CSCF, and S-CSCF. The S-CSCF performs authentication and sends a SAR to the HSS, which responds with a SAA. Finally, the S-CSCF sends an OK message to the I-CSCF, which is forwarded to the P-CSCF and then to the UA. + +Sequence diagram showing the registration process for a user not registered, using IMS AKA Authentication. The diagram involves two networks: Visited Network (UA, P-CSCF) and Home Network (I-CSCF, HSS, S-CSCF). + +Figure A.4.1.1 – Registration using IMS AKA Authentication – user not registered + +![Sequence diagram for SIP registration with digest authentication. Lifelines: UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, S-CSCF, HSS. The process involves a SIP Register from UE to P-CSCF, which is forwarded to I-CSCF and then to S-CSCF. S-CSCF sends a UAR to HSS, receives a UAA, and then sends a MAR to HSS. HSS returns a SIP-Authentication-Scheme=MD5. S-CSCF sends a MAA to I-CSCF, which includes the authentication scheme but not the nonce. I-CSCF sends a 401 Unauthorised to P-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE. UE calculates a response and sends a SIP Register. S-CSCF receives the register, calculates the expected response, and sends a SAR to HSS, which returns a SAA. S-CSCF sends a 200 OK to I-CSCF, which is forwarded to P-CSCF and then to UE. The 200 OK includes an Authentication-Info header with Nextnonce, qop, rspauth, cnonce, and nonce-count.](8fbdfc3d17fb1dae7b2d8f5a287fa9fc_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant S-CSCF + participant HSS + + Note right of S-CSCF: As S-CSCF is carrying out the authentication check, and nonce generation, Digest-HA(1) is included in the MAA, but Digest-Nonce is not included in the MAA. + + Note right of S-CSCF: S-CSCF calculates expected-response and carries out authentication check + + UE->>P-CSCF: (1) SIP Register +Authorisation:username (= private-id), realm, uri + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (2) SIP Register +Authorisation:username (= private-id), realm, uri + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: (3) UAR + S-CSCF->>HSS: (4) UAA + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (5) SIP Register +Authorisation:username (= private-id), realm, uri + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: (6) MAR + S-CSCF->>HSS: (7) MAA +SIP-Authentication-Scheme=MD5 + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (8) 401 Unauthorised +www-Authenticate: Digest Realm, nonce, qop, opaque, algorithm + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: (9) 401 Unauthorised +www-Authenticate: Digest Realm, nonce, qop, opaque, algorithm + P-CSCF->>UE: (10) 401 Unauthorised +www-Authenticate: Digest Realm, nonce, qop, opaque, algorithm + Note left of UE: UE calculates response + UE->>P-CSCF: (11) SIP Register +Authorization: Digest Username, realm, nonce, uri, qop, nc, cnonce, response, opaque + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (12) SIP Register +Authorization: Digest Username, realm, nonce, uri, qop, nc, cnonce, response, opaque + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: (13) UAR + S-CSCF->>HSS: (14) UAA + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (15) SIP Register +Authorization: Digest Username, realm, nonce, uri, qop, nc, cnonce, response, opaque + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: (16) SAR + S-CSCF->>HSS: (17) SAA + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (18) SIP 200 OK +Authentication-Info: [Nextnonce], qop, rspauth, cnonce, nonce-count + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: (19) SIP 200 OK +Authentication-Info: [Nextnonce], qop, rspauth, cnonce, nonce-count + P-CSCF->>UE: (20) SIP 200 OK +Authentication-Info: [Nextnonce], qop, rspauth, cnonce, nonce-count + +``` + +Sequence diagram for SIP registration with digest authentication. Lifelines: UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, S-CSCF, HSS. The process involves a SIP Register from UE to P-CSCF, which is forwarded to I-CSCF and then to S-CSCF. S-CSCF sends a UAR to HSS, receives a UAA, and then sends a MAR to HSS. HSS returns a SIP-Authentication-Scheme=MD5. S-CSCF sends a MAA to I-CSCF, which includes the authentication scheme but not the nonce. I-CSCF sends a 401 Unauthorised to P-CSCF, which is forwarded to UE. UE calculates a response and sends a SIP Register. S-CSCF receives the register, calculates the expected response, and sends a SAR to HSS, which returns a SAA. S-CSCF sends a 200 OK to I-CSCF, which is forwarded to P-CSCF and then to UE. The 200 OK includes an Authentication-Info header with Nextnonce, qop, rspauth, cnonce, and nonce-count. + +J.366.5(07)\_FA.4.1.2 + +**Figure A.4.1.2 – Registration using SIP-Digest authentication– user not registered (Nonce generated in S-CSCF, S-CSCF authenticates the user)** + +### A.4.2 Registration – user currently registered + +... + +# Annex B (informative) + +## User profile UML model + +... + +### B.2.1 Public Identification + +The following picture gives an outline of the UML model of Public Identification class: + +![UML Class Diagram for Public Identification](9cd90f495b95ad2116ff780248c26d95_img.jpg) + +``` +classDiagram + class PublicIdentification["Public Identification"] { + BarringIndication: Boolean + IdentityType: enumerated + WildcardedPSI: anyURI + DisplayName: string + } + class SIPURLIdentity["SIP URL Identity"] { + SIP URL + } + class TelURLIdentity["Tel URL Identity"] { + tel URL + } + PublicIdentification <|-- SIPURLIdentity + PublicIdentification <|-- TelURLIdentity +``` + +The diagram shows a UML class hierarchy. At the top is the 'Public Identification' class, which contains four attributes: 'BarringIndication: Boolean', 'IdentityType: enumerated', 'WildcardedPSI: anyURI', and 'DisplayName: string'. Below it, two classes, 'SIP URL Identity' and 'Tel URL Identity', inherit from 'Public Identification'. The 'SIP URL Identity' class contains the attribute 'SIP URL', and the 'Tel URL Identity' class contains the attribute 'tel URL'. + +UML Class Diagram for Public Identification + +**Figure B.2.1.1 – Public Identification** + +Public Identification class can contain either SIP URL Identity, i.e., SIP URL, or Tel URL Identity class, i.e., tel URL. + +The attribute BarringIndication is of type Boolean. If it is set to TRUE, the S-CSCF shall prevent that public identity from being used in any IMS communication except registrations and re-registrations, as specified in 3GPP TS 24.229 [8]. + +The attribute IdentityType indicates if the identity is a Public User Identity, a distinct Public Service Identity or a Public Service Identity matching a Wildcarded Public Service Identity. If the identity type is not present, it is assumed to be Public User Identity. + +The attribute WildcardedPSI shall be present and contain the Wildcarded Public Service Identity that matched the Public Service Identity if the identity is a Public Service Identity matching a Wildcarded Public Service Identity. This Wildcarded Public Service identity shall be sent as stored in the HSS, that is including the delimiter described in 3GPP TS 23.003 [17]. + +[The attribute DisplayName allows a name to be associated with a Public Identity.](#) + +### B.2.2 Initial Filter Criteria + +The following picture gives an outline of the UML model of Initial Filter Criteria class: + +![UML Class Diagram for Initial Filter Criteria](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class InitialFilterCriteria { + Priority: integer + ProfilePartIndicator: enumerated + } + class TriggerPoint { + ConditionTypeCNF: boolean + } + class ApplicationServer { + ServerName: SIP URL + DefaultHandling: enumerated + } + class ServicePointTrigger { + ConditionNegated: boolean + Group: list of integer + } + class ServiceInformation { + ServiceInfo: string + } + + InitialFilterCriteria "1" *-- "0..1" TriggerPoint + InitialFilterCriteria "1" *-- "1" ApplicationServer + TriggerPoint "1" *-- "1..n" ServicePointTrigger + ApplicationServer "1" *-- "0..1" ServiceInformation + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the Initial Filter Criteria class and its associations. The Initial Filter Criteria class has attributes Priority (integer) and ProfilePartIndicator (enumerated). It is associated with the Trigger Point class (0..1 multiplicity) and the Application Server class (1 multiplicity). The Trigger Point class has the attribute ConditionTypeCNF (boolean) and is associated with the Service Point Trigger class (1..n multiplicity). The Application Server class has attributes ServerName (SIP URL) and Default Handling (enumerated) and is associated with the Service Information class (0..1 multiplicity). The Service Point Trigger class has attributes ConditionNegated (boolean) and Group (list of integer). The Service Information class has the attribute ServiceInfo (string). + +UML Class Diagram for Initial Filter Criteria + +**Figure B.2.2.1.1 – Initial Filter Criteria** + +Each instance of the Initial Filter Criteria class is composed of zero or one instance of a Trigger Point class and one instance of an Application Server class. Priority indicates the priority of the Filter Criteria. The higher the Priority Number the lower the priority of the Filter Criteria is; i.e., a Filter Criteria with a higher value of Priority Number shall be assessed after the Filter Criteria with a smaller Priority Number have been assessed. The same priority shall not be assigned to more than one initial Filter Criterion. + +ProfilePartIndicator attribute is an enumerated type, with possible values "REGISTERED and UNREGISTERED, indicating if the iFC is a part of the registered or unregistered user profile. If ProfilePartIndicator is missing from the iFC, the iFC is considered to be relevant to both the registered and unregistered parts of the user profile, i.e., belongs to the common part of the user profile. + +Trigger Point class describes the trigger points that should be checked in order to find out if the indicated Application Server should be contacted or not. Each TriggerPoint is a boolean expression in Conjunctive or Disjunctive Normal form (CNF or DNF). The absence of Trigger Point instance will indicate an unconditional triggering to Application Server. + +The attribute ConditionTypeCNF attribute defines how the set of SPTs are expressed, i.e., either an Ored set of ANDed sets of SPT statements or an ANDed set of Ored sets of statements. Individual SPT statements can also be negated. These combinations are termed, respectively, Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF) and Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) for the SPT (see Annex C). Both DNF and CNF forms can be used. ConditionTypeCNF is a boolean that is TRUE when the Trigger Point associated with the FilterCriteria is a boolean ~~expression~~expression in Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) and FALSE if the Trigger Point is expressed in Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF) (see Annex C). + +... + +### B.2.3 Service Point Trigger + +... + +Session Case class represents an enumerated type, with possible values "Originating", "Terminating\_Registered", "Terminating\_Unregistered" indicating if the filter should be used by the S-CSCF handling the Originating, Terminating for a registered end user or Terminating for an unregistered end user services. + +Session Description Information class defines ~~SPTfor~~SPT for the content of any SDP field within the body of a SIP Method. The Line attribute identifies the line inside the session description. Content is a string defining the content of the line identified by Line. Perl-like regular expressions shall be taken as a model for regular expressions for this function (as described above). + +... + +# Annex E (normative) + +## XML schema for the Cx interface user profile + +... + +**Table E.1 – XML schema for the Cx interface user profile: simple data types** + +| Data type | Tag | Base type | Comments | +|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|-------------------------------------------| +| ... | | | | +| tBool | ConditionTypeCNF,
ConditionNegated,
BarringIndication | boolean | Possible values:
0 (false)
1 (true) | +| tSubscribedMediaProfileId | SubscribedMediaProfileId | integer | >=0 | +| tDisplayName | DisplayName | string | | + +**Table E.2 – XML schema for the Cx interface user profile: complex data types** + +| Data type | Tag | Compound of | | | +|----------------------------------|------------------|--------------------|----------------------------------|-----------------| +| | | Tag | Type | Cardinality | +| ... | | | | | +| tPublicIdentityExtension | Extension | IdentityType | tIdentityType | (0 to 1) | +| | | WildcardedPSI | tWildcardedPSI | (0 to 1) | +| | | Extension | tPublicIdentityExtension2 | (0 to 1) | +| tPublicIdentityExtension2 | Extension | DisplayName | tDisplayName | (0 to 1) | + +NOTE – "n" shall be interpreted as non-bounded. + +... + +# Bibliography + +- [b-3GPP TS 23.141] 3GPP Technical Specification TS 23.141, *Presence service; Architecture and functional description.* +- [b-3GPP TS 23.228] 3GPP Technical Specification TS 23.228, *IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2.* +- [b-3GPP TS 24.228] 3GPP Technical Specification TS 24.228, *Signalling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP).* + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.366.7-201008-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.366.7-201008-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..51dedece625356cb0f90d15d98105553b40f9187 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.366.7-201008-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1030 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.366.7** + +(08/2010) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): +Access security for IP-based services** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.366.7 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.366.7** + +# **IP Cablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Access security for IP-based services** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.366.7 specifies the security features and mechanisms for secure access to the IM subsystem (IMS) for the 3G mobile telecommunication system as modified for use in cable networks. + +The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed the specification in a form optimized for the wireless environment. This Recommendation references the ETSI version of the 3GPP specification and specifies only the modifications necessary to optimize it for the cable environment. + +## **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.366.7 | 2010-08-29 | 9 | + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2011 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +###### Page + +| | | | +|-----|-------------------------------------------|---| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 1 | +| 6 | Modifications to [ETSI TS 133.203]..... | 2 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.366.7 + +# IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Access security for IP-based services + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the security features and mechanisms for secure access to the IM subsystem (IMS) for the 3G mobile telecommunication system as modified for use in cable networks. + +The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed the specification in a form optimized for the wireless environment. This Recommendation references the ETSI version of the 3GPP specification and specifies only the modifications necessary to optimize it for the cable environment. + +It is an important objective of this work that interoperability between IPCablecom 2.0 and 3GPP IMS is provided. IPCablecom 2.0 is based upon 3GPP IMS, but includes additional functionality necessary to meet the requirements of cable operators. Recognizing developing converged solutions for wireless, wireline, and cable, it is expected that further development of IPCablecom 2.0 will continue to monitor and contribute to IMS developments in 3GPP, with the aim of alignment of 3GPP IMS and IPCablecom 2.0. + +Because this Recommendation indicates modifications from the ETSI specification [ETSI TS 133.203], the structure of the Recommendation does not follow normal ITU-T practice, so as to ease the task of the reader to correlate the two documents. + +The modifications to the access security for IP-based services specification [ETSI TS 133.203] are shown in clause 6. + +# 2 References + +[ETSI TS 133.203] ETSI TS 133.203 V6.9.0 (2005), *Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); 3G security; Access security for IP-based services.* + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation uses the terms defined in [ETSI TS 133.203]. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the abbreviations provided in [ETSI TS 133.203]. + +# 5 Conventions + +This Recommendation uses the conventions provided in [ETSI TS 133.203]. + +# 6 Modifications to [ETSI TS 133.203] + +*Modifications introduced by this Recommendation are shown in revision marks. Unchanged text is replaced by ellipsis (...). Some parts of unchanged text (section numbers, etc.) may be kept to indicate the correct insertion points.* + +... + +# 2 References + +... + +- [25] 3GPP TR 33.978: "3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; 3G Security; Security Aspects Of Early IMS". +- [26] IETF RFC 5626 (2009), Managing Client-Initiated Connections in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). +- [27] OMA WAP-211-WAPCert, 22.5.2001, +. +- [28] IETF RFC 1750 (1994), Randomness Recommendations for Security. +- [29] IETF RFC 3268 (2002), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Ciphersuites for Transport Layer Security (TLS). +- [30] OMA WAP-219-TLS, 4.11.2001, . +- [31] IETF RFC 2246 (1999), The TLS Protocol Version 1.0. + +... + +## 3.3 Abbreviations + +... + +SIP Session Initiation Protocol + +TLS Transport Layer Security + +# 4 Overview of the security architecture + +... + +The mechanisms specified in this technical specification are independent of the mechanisms defined for the CS- and PS-domain. + +An independent IMS security mechanism provides additional protection against security breaches. For example, if the PS-Domain security is breached the IMS would continue to be protected by its own security mechanism. As indicated in figure 1 the P-CSCF may be located either in the Visited or the Home Network. The P-CSCF shall be co-located within the same network as the GGSN, which may reside in the VPLMN or HPLMN according to the APN and GGSN selection criteria, cf. TS 23.060 [10]. + +NOTE – The text in this specification applies to both IPsec and TLS-based access security unless otherwise noted. + +**P-CSCF in the Visited Network.** + +... + +## **5.1 Secure access to IMS** + +### **5.1.1 Authentication of the subscriber and the network** + +... + +The AKA-protocol is a secure protocol developed for UMTS and the same concept/principles will be reused for the IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem, where it is called IMS AKA. + +NOTE – Although the method of calculating the parameters in UMTS AKA and IMS AKA are identical, the parameters are transported in slightly different ways. In UMTS, the UE's response RES is sent in the clear, while in IMS RES is not sent in the clear but combined with other parameters to form an authentication response and the authentication response is sent to the network (as described in RFC 3310 [17]). + +An optional mechanism for authentication is SIP Digest. It is also a challenge response protocol, and operates in a similar manner to IMS AKA. An authentication vector containing authentication information is sent from the Home Stratum to the Serving Network. The serving network uses the authentication information in an authentication vector to authenticate the UE. + +The Home Network authenticates the subscriber at anytime via the registration or re-registration procedures. + +... + +### **5.1.3 Confidentiality protection** + +Possibility for IMS specific confidentiality protection shall be provided to SIP signalling messages between the UE and the P-CSCF. Mobile Operators shall take care that the deployed confidentiality protection solution and roaming agreements fulfils the confidentiality requirements presented in the local privacy legislation. + +The following mechanisms are provided at SIP layer: for IPsec-based access security: + +- 1) The UE shall always offer encryption algorithms for P-CSCF to be used for the session, as specified in clause 7. +- 2) The P-CSCF shall decide whether the IMS specific encryption mechanism is used. If used, the UE and the P-CSCF shall agree on security associations, which include the encryption key that shall be used for the confidentiality protection. The mechanism is based on IMS AKA and specified in clause 6.1. + +The following mechanisms are provided for TLS-based access security: + +- 1) Negotiation of TLS related confidentiality protection features shall take place at the TLS layer as specified in clause 7.1.2. +- 2) The UE shall always offer TLS cipher suites for P-CSCF to be used for the session, as specified in RFC 2246 [31]. +- 3) The P-CSCF shall decide whether the TLS cipher suites are used. If used, the UE and the P-CSCF shall agree on TLS cipher suites at the TLS layer as specified in RFC 2246 [31]. + +Confidentiality between CSCFs, and between CSCFs and the HSS shall rely on mechanisms specified by Network Domain Security in TS 33.210 [5]. + +### **5.1.4 Integrity protection** + +Integrity protection shall be applied between the UE and the P-CSCF for protecting the SIP signalling, as specified in clause 6.3. + +The following mechanisms are provided for IPsec-based access security: + +- 1) The UE and the P-CSCF shall negotiate the integrity algorithm that shall be used for the session, as specified in clause 7. +- 2) The UE and the P-CSCF shall agree on security associations, which include the integrity keys, that shall be used for the integrity protection. The mechanism is based on IMS AKA and specified in clause 6.1. +- 3) The UE and the P-CSCF shall both verify that the data received originates from a node, which has the agreed integrity key. This verification is also used to detect if the data has been tampered with. +- 4) Replay attacks and reflection attacks shall be mitigated. + +The following mechanisms are provided for TLS-based access security: + +- 1) Negotiation of TLS-related integrity protection features shall take place at the TLS layer. +- 2) The use of TLS cipher suites with NULL integrity protection (or HASH) shall not be allowed. +- 3) The UE and the P-CSCF shall both verify that the data received originates from each other according to RFC 2246 [31]. This verification is also used to detect if the received data has been tampered with. +- 4) Replay attacks and reflection attacks shall be mitigated. + +Integrity protection between CSCFs and between CSCFs and the HSS shall rely on mechanisms specified by Network Domain Security in TS 33.210 [5]. + +NOTE 1 – TLS is mandatorily supported by SIP proxies according to RFC 3261 [6], and operators may use it to provide confidentiality and integrity inside their networks instead of or on top of IPsec, as the intra-domain Za interface is optional, and TLS may also be used between IMS networks on top of IPsec. It should be pointed out, that the 3GPP specifications do not provide support for TLS certificate management in a fashion similar to TS 33.310 (NDS/AF) [24] nor do they ensure backward compatibility with Release 5 CSCFs nor interoperability with other networks which do not use TLS, in case TLS is used by Release 6 CSCFs. These management and capability issues need then to be solved by manual configuration of the involved operators. + +... + +## 6.1 Authentication and key agreement + +~~The~~ One scheme for authentication and key agreement in the IMS is called IMS AKA. The IMS AKA achieves mutual authentication between the ISIM and the HN, cf. figure 1. The identity used for authenticating a subscriber is the private identity, IMPI, which has the form of a NAI, cf. TS 23.228 [3]. The HSS and the ISIM share a long-term key associated with the IMPI. + +~~The HN shall choose the IMS AKA scheme for authenticating an IM subscriber accessing through UMTS.~~ The security parameters e.g., keys generated by the IMS AKA scheme are transported by SIP. + +The generation of the authentication vector AV that includes RAND, XRES, CK, IK and AUTN shall be done in the same way as specified in TS 33.102 [1]. The ISIM and the HSS keep track of counters SQNISIM and SQNHSS respectively. The requirements on the handling of the counters and mechanisms for sequence number management are specified in TS 33.102 [1]. The AMF field can be used in the same way as in TS 33.102 [1]. + +An additional scheme for authentication is SIP Digest as specified in RFC 3261 [6]. SIP Digest achieves mutual authentication between the UE and the HN. The identity used for authenticating a subscriber is the private identity, IMPI, which has the form of a NAI. The HSS and the UE share a + +preset secret associated by the IMPI. The generation of the authentication challenge shall be done in the same way as specified in RFC 3261 [6] and this document. + +The HN shall choose the appropriate scheme for authenticating an IM subscriber based on the authentication algorithm parameter received from the UE in the initial register request. To mitigate bid down attacks, the HN may specify the lowest acceptable authentication algorithm to be used for authenticating an IM subscriber. + +Furthermore if IPsec based access security is used, two pairs of (unilateral) security associations (SAs) are established between the UE and the P-CSCF. The subscriber may have several IMPUs associated with one IMPI. These may belong to the same or different service profiles. Only two pairs of SAs shall be active between the UE and the P-CSCF. These two pairs of SAs shall be updated when a new successful authentication of the subscriber has occurred, cf. clause 7.4. + +If both the UE and the P-CSCF support TLS, a server side authenticated TLS session may be established between the UE and the P-CSCF before the first SIP message is sent. If a TLS session is established prior to the initial register, the TLS session will exist until de-registration of the UE. The subscriber may have several IMPUs associated with one IMPI. These may belong to the same or different service profiles. If a TLS session is established, only one TLS tunnel shall be active between the UE and the P-CSCF. + +It is the policy of the HN that decides if an authentication shall take place for the registration of different IMPUs e.g., belonging to same or different service profiles. Regarding the definition of service profiles cf. TS 23.228 [3]. + +### **6.1.1 Authentication of an IM-subscriber** + +Before a user can get access to the IM services at least one IMPU needs to be registered and the IMPI authenticated in the IMS at application level. In order to get registered the UE sends a SIP REGISTER message towards the SIP registrar server i.e., the S-CSCF, cf. figure 1, which will perform the authentication of the user. The message flows are the same regardless of whether the user has an IMPU already registered or not. + +![Sequence diagram of IMS Authentication and Key Agreement for an unregistered IM subscriber. Lifelines: UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, S-CSCF. The process involves SIP REGISTER messages (SM1-SM12) and Cx messages (Cx-Selection-Info, Cx-Put, Cx-Query, Cx-Pull) between the CSCFs and HSS, and AV-Req/AV-Req-Resp messages between HSS and S-CSCF. Authentication challenges (4xx) and authentication OK messages (2xx) are exchanged between the UE and the P-CSCF/I-CSCF.](d4af765160d04ecef538e5066006dc77_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant HSS + participant S-CSCF + + Note right of S-CSCF: J.366.7(10)_F04 + + UE->>P-CSCF: (SM1) Register + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM2) Register + I-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Selection-Info + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: (SM3) Register + S-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Put + HSS->>S-CSCF: (CM1) AV-Req + S-CSCF->>HSS: (CM2) AV-Req-Resp + HSS->>I-CSCF: (SM4) 4xx Auth_Challenge + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: (SM5) 4xx Auth_Challenge + P-CSCF->>UE: (SM6) 4xx Auth_Challenge + UE->>P-CSCF: (SM7) Register + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM8) Register + I-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Query + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: (SM9) Register + S-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Put + HSS->>S-CSCF: Cx-Pull + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM10) 2xx Auth_Ok + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: (SM11) 2xx Auth_Ok + P-CSCF->>UE: (SM12) 2xx Auth_Ok + +``` + +Sequence diagram of IMS Authentication and Key Agreement for an unregistered IM subscriber. Lifelines: UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, S-CSCF. The process involves SIP REGISTER messages (SM1-SM12) and Cx messages (Cx-Selection-Info, Cx-Put, Cx-Query, Cx-Pull) between the CSCFs and HSS, and AV-Req/AV-Req-Resp messages between HSS and S-CSCF. Authentication challenges (4xx) and authentication OK messages (2xx) are exchanged between the UE and the P-CSCF/I-CSCF. + +**Figure 4 – The IMS Authentication and Key Agreement for an unregistered IM subscriber and successful mutual authentication with no synchronization error** + +The detailed requirements and complete registration flows are defined in TS 24.229 [8] and TS 24.228 [11]. + +SMn stands for SIP Message n and CMm stands for Cx message m which has a relation to the authentication process: + +IMS AKA based SM1: + REGISTER(IMPI, IMPU) +SIP Digest based SM1: + REGISTER(IMPI, IMPU, algorithm) + +The UE adds the algorithm parameter in Authorization header to the initial register message SM1, in order to inform HN what type of challenge to create. + +In SM2 and SM3 the P-CSCF and the I-CSCF respectively forwards the SIP REGISTER towards the S-CSCF. + +After receiving SM3, if the IMPU is not currently registered at the S-CSCF, the S-CSCF needs to set the registration flag at the HSS to initial registration pending. This is done in order to handle mobile terminated calls while the initial registration is in progress and not successfully completed. The registration flag is stored in the HSS together with the S-CSCF name and user identity, and is used to indicate whether a particular IMPU of the user is unregistered or registered at a particular + +S-CSCF or if the initial registration at a particular S-CSCF is pending. The registration flag is set by the S-CSCF sending a Cx-Put to the HSS. If the IMPU is currently registered, the S-CSCF shall leave the registration flag set to *registered*. At this stage the HSS has performed a check that the IMPI and the IMPU belong to the same user. + +Upon receiving the SIP REGISTER the S-CSCF shall use an Authentication Vector (AV) for authenticating and agreeing a key with the user. If the S-CSCF has no valid AV then the S-CSCF shall send a request for AV(s) to the HSS in CM1 together with the number m of AVs wanted where m is at least one. + +CM1: +Cx-AV-Req(IMPI, m) + +Upon receipt of a request from the S-CSCF, the HSS sends an ordered array of *n* authentication vectors to the S-CSCF using CM2. The authentication vectors are ordered based on sequence number. For IMS AKA, each ~~Each~~ authentication vector consists of the following components: a random number RAND, an expected response XRES, a cipher key CK, an integrity key IK and an authentication token AUTN. Each IMS AKA authentication vector is good for one authentication and key agreement between the S-CSCF and the IMS user. For the SIP Digest-based authentication, the authentication vector consists of the qop (quality of protection) value, the authentication algorithm, opaque, realm, and a hash, called H(A1), of the username, realm, and password. Refer to RFC 2617 [12] for additional information on the values in the authentication vector for SIP Digest based authentication. + +IMS AKA based CM2: +Cx-AV-Req-Resp(IMPI, RAND1||AUTN1||XRES1||CK1||IK1, ..., RANDn||AUTNn||XRESn||CKn||IKn) +SIP Digest based CM2: +Cx-AV-Req-Resp(IMPI, qop, algorithm, opaque, realm, H(A1) ) + +When the S-CSCF needs to send an authentication challenge to the user, it selects the next authentication vector from the ordered array, i.e., authentication vectors in a particular S-CSCF are used on a first-in / first-out basis. + +For IMS AKA, theThe S-CSCF sends a SIP 4xx Auth\_Challenge i.e., an authentication challenge towards the UE including the challenge RAND, the authentication token AUTN in SM4. It also includes the integrity key IK and the cipher key CK for the P-CSCF. RFC 3310 [17] specifies how to populate the parameters of an authentication challenge. The S-CSCF also stores the RAND sent to the UE for use in case of a synchronization failure. + +The verification of the SQN by the USIM and ISIM will cause the UE to reject an attempt by the S-CSCF to re-use a AV. Therefore no AV shall be sent more than once. + +For SIP Digest-based authentication, the S-CSCF stores H(A1), and then sends a SIP 4xx Auth\_Challenge i.e., an authentication challenge towards the UE including the challenge nonce and in SM4. The qop, algorithm, and opaque parameters shall be present. The nonce shall be 32 octets ASCII hexadecimal encoded and shall be calculated following the procedures defined in RFC 1750 [28]. The S-CSCF shall have the capability to support next-nonce. The S-CSCF shall have the capability to set time-limits and reuse count limits on the nonce. + +NOTE – This does not preclude the use of the normal SIP transaction layer re-transmission procedures. + +IMS AKA based SM4: +4xx Auth\_Challenge(IMPI, RAND, AUTN, IK, CK) +SIP Digest based SM4: +4xx Auth\_Challenge(IMPI, nonce, qop=auth and/or auth-int, algorithm, opaque) + +For IMS AKA, when ~~When~~ the P-CSCF receives SM5, it shall store the key(s) and remove that information and forward the rest of the message to the UE; for SIP Digest, the P-CSCF shall forward the message to the UE, i.e., + +IMS AKA based SM6: + +4xx Auth\_Challenge(IMPI, RAND, AUTN) + +SIP Digest based SM6: + +4xx Auth\_Challenge(IMPI, nonce, qop=auth and/or auth-int, algorithm, opaque) + +For IMS AKA, upon ~~Upon~~ receiving the challenge, SM6, the UE takes the AUTN, which includes a MAC and the SQN. The UE calculates the XMAC and checks that XMAC=MAC and that the SQN is in the correct range as in TS 33.102 [1]. If both these checks are successful the UE uses RES and some other parameters to calculate an authentication response. This response is put into the Authorization header and sent back to the registrar in SM7. RFC 3310 [17] specifies how to populate the parameters of the response. It should be noted that the UE at this stage also computes the session keys CK and IK. + +For SIP Digest, upon receiving the challenge, the UE shall calculate a cnonce of 16 binary octets following the procedures defined in RFC 1750 [28]. To calculate the response, the UE shall choose a qop value from the values received from the S-CSCF. The UE shall use nonce, cnonce, nc and qop to calculate an authentication response per RFC 3261 and thus RFC 2617. This response is also put into the Authorization header and sent back to the registrar in SM7. + +IMS AKA based SM7: + +REGISTER(IMPI, Authentication response) + +SIP Digest based SM7: + +REGISTER(IMPI, response, cnonce, qop=auth or auth-int, digest-uri, nonce-count) + +The P-CSCF forwards the authentication response in SM8 to the I-CSCF, which queries the HSS to find the address of the S-CSCF. In SM9 the I-CSCF forwards the authentication response to the S-CSCF. + +For IMS AKA, upon ~~Upon~~ receiving SM9 containing the response, the S-CSCF retrieves the active XRES for that user and uses this to check the authentication response sent by the UE as described in RFC 3310 [17]. For SIP Digest, the S-CSCF calculates the expected response using H(A1) and other parameters (e.g., nonce, cnonce, qop) and uses this to check against the response sent by the UE as specified in RFC 3261 [6]. If the check is successful then the user has been authenticated and the IMPU is registered in the S-CSCF. If the IMPU was not currently registered, the S-CSCF shall send a Cx-Put to update the registration-flag to *registered*. If the IMPU was currently registered the registration-flag is not altered. + +It shall be possible to implicitly register IMPU(s). (see clause 4.3.3.4 in TS 23.228 [3]). All the IMPU(s) being implicitly registered shall be delivered by the HSS to the S-CSCF and subsequently to the P-CSCF. The S-CSCF shall regard all implicitly registered IMPU(s) as registered IMPU(s). + +When an IMPU has been registered this registration will be valid for some period of time. Both the UE and the S-CSCF will keep track on a timer for this purpose but the expiration time in the UE is smaller than the one in the S-CSCF in order to make it possible for the UE to be registered and reachable without interruptions. A successful registration of a previously registered IMPU (including implicitly registered IMPUs) means the expiry time of the registration is refreshed. + +If the user has been successfully authenticated, the S-CSCF sends a SM10 SIP 2xx Auth\_OK message to the I-CSCF indicating that the registration was successful. For SIP Digest, the 2xx Auth\_OK message contains the Authentication-Info header with a response digest as specified in RFC 3261 [6]. The response digest allows the UE to authenticate the HN. The Authentication-Info header should contain the nextnonce parameter. In SM11 and SM12 the I-CSCF and the P-CSCF respectively forward the SIP 2xx Auth\_OK towards the UE. + +It should be noted that the UE initiated re-registration opens up a potential denial-of-service attack. That is, an attacker could try to register an already registered IMPU and respond with an incorrect authentication response in order to make the HN de-register the IMPU. For this reason a subscriber, when registered, shall not be de-registered if it fails an authentication. + +For IMS AKA, the lengths of the IMS AKA parameters are specified in clause 6.3.7 of TS 33.102 [1]. + +### 6.1.2 Authentication failures + +#### 6.1.2.1 User authentication failure + +In this case the authentication of the user should fail at the S-CSCF due an incorrect response (received in SM9). However, for IMS AKA, if the response is incorrect, then the IK used to protect SM7 will normally be incorrect as well, which will normally cause the integrity check at the P-CSCF to fail before the response can be verified at S-CSCF. In this case SM7 is discarded by the IPsec layer at the P-CSCF. + +If the integrity check passes but the response is incorrect, the message flows are identical up to and including SM9 as a successful authentication. Once the S-CSCF detects the user authentication failure it should proceed in the same way as having received SM9 in a network authentication failure (see clause 6.1.2.2). + +For SIP Digest, if the S-CSCF detects the user authentication failure, and the nonce used by UE is incorrect, the S-CSCF should send a new 401 (Unauthorized) message to the UE, using the stale parameter to inform the UE that the Digest response was calculated correctly (the username/password were correct), but the nonce is invalid. An invalid nonce may have been used outside local policy time-limits, or may have been used more times than local policy allows. + +For SIP Digest, once the S-CSCF detects the user authentication failure, it shall set the registration-flag in the HSS to unregistered, or Not registered if the IMPU is not currently registered. To set the flag the S-CSCF sends in CM3 a Cx-Put to the HSS. If the IMPU is currently registered, the S-CSCF does not update the registration flag. + +CM3: +Cx-AV-Put(IMPI, Clear S-CSCF name) + +The HSS responds to CM3 with a Cx-Put-Resp in CM4. + +In SM10 the S-CSCF sends a 4xx Auth\_Failure towards the UE indicating that authentication has failed. No security parameters shall be included in this message. + +SM10: +SIP/2.0 4xx Auth\_Failure + +#### 6.1.2.2 Network authentication failure + +In this clause the case when the authentication of the network is not successful is specified. For IMS AKA, when the check of the MAC in the UE fails the network cannot be authenticated and hence registration fails. The flow is identical as for the successful registration in 6.1.1 up to SM6. + +![Sequence diagram showing an authentication failure during registration. Lifelines: UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, S-CSCF. The sequence starts with an 'Authentication failure' box on the UE lifeline. SM7: Register from UE to P-CSCF. SM8: Register from P-CSCF to I-CSCF. Cx-Query from I-CSCF to HSS. SM9: Register from I-CSCF to S-CSCF. CM3: Put from S-CSCF to HSS. CM4: Put-Resp from HSS to S-CSCF. SM10: 4xx Auth_Failure from S-CSCF to I-CSCF. SM11: 4xx Auth_Failure from I-CSCF to P-CSCF. SM12: 4xx Auth_Failure from P-CSCF to UE. A note 'J.366.7(10)_F05' is at the bottom right.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant HSS + participant S-CSCF + Note left of UE: Authentication failure + UE->>P-CSCF: (SM7) Register + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM8) Register + I-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Query + I-CSCF->>S-CSCF: (SM9) Register + S-CSCF->>HSS: (CM3) Put + HSS->>S-CSCF: (CM4) Put-Resp + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM10) 4xx Auth_Failure + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: (SM11) 4xx Auth_Failure + P-CSCF->>UE: (SM12) 4xx Auth_Failure + +``` + +J.366.7(10)\_F05 + +Sequence diagram showing an authentication failure during registration. Lifelines: UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, S-CSCF. The sequence starts with an 'Authentication failure' box on the UE lifeline. SM7: Register from UE to P-CSCF. SM8: Register from P-CSCF to I-CSCF. Cx-Query from I-CSCF to HSS. SM9: Register from I-CSCF to S-CSCF. CM3: Put from S-CSCF to HSS. CM4: Put-Resp from HSS to S-CSCF. SM10: 4xx Auth\_Failure from S-CSCF to I-CSCF. SM11: 4xx Auth\_Failure from I-CSCF to P-CSCF. SM12: 4xx Auth\_Failure from P-CSCF to UE. A note 'J.366.7(10)\_F05' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 5** + +The UE shall send a Register message towards the HN including an indication of the cause of failure in SM7. The P-CSCF and the I-CSCF forward this message to the S-CSCF. + +SM7: +REGISTER(Failure = *AuthenticationFailure*, IMPI) + +Upon receiving SM9, which includes the cause of authentication failure, the S-CSCF shall set the registration-flag in the HSS ~~to unregistered~~ *to unregistered* or *Not registered*, if the IMPU is not currently registered. To set the flag the S-CSCF sends in CM3 a Cx-Put to the HSS. If the IMPU is currently registered, the S-CSCF does not update the registration flag. + +CM3: +Cx-AV-Put(IMPI, Clear S-CSCF name) + +The HSS responds to CM3 with a Cx-Put-Resp in CM4. + +In SM10 the S-CSCF sends a 4xx Auth\_Failure towards the UE indicating that authentication has failed, no security parameters shall be included in this message. + +SM10: +SIP/2.0 4xx Auth\_Failure + +For SIP Digest, the flow is identical as for the successful registration in 6.1.1 up to SM12. After receipt of the 2xx Auth\_OK, the UE will attempt to validate the response digest. If the response digest authentication fails, the UE shall not send any further SIP messages. + +... + +### 6.1.3 Synchronization failure + +In this clause the case of an authenticated registration with synchronization failure is described. + +After re-synchronization, authentication may be successfully completed, but it may also happen that in subsequent attempts other failure conditions (i.e., user authentication failure, network authentication failure) occur. In below only the case of synchronization failure with subsequent successful authentication is shown. The other cases can be derived by combination with the flows for the other failure conditions. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, and S-CSCF for IMS AKA based authentication after a synchronization failure. The process involves a registration attempt, a synchronization failure response, a subsequent successful registration, and authentication challenges and responses.](c85ded401105f62f2d6ff26b3b5eb4af_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + participant I-CSCF + participant HSS + participant S-CSCF + + Note left of UE: Synchronization failure + UE->>P-CSCF: (SM7) Register + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM8) Register + I-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Query + HSS->>S-CSCF: (SM9) Register + S-CSCF->>HSS: (CM3) AV-Req + HSS->>S-CSCF: (CM4) AV-Req-Resp + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM10) 4xx Auth_Challenge + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: (SM11) 4xx Auth_Challenge + P-CSCF->>UE: (SM12) 4xx Auth_Challenge + UE->>P-CSCF: (SM13) Register + P-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM14) Register + I-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Query + HSS->>S-CSCF: (SM15) Register + S-CSCF->>HSS: Cx-Put + HSS->>S-CSCF: Cx-Pull + S-CSCF->>I-CSCF: (SM16) 2xx Auth_Ok + I-CSCF->>P-CSCF: (SM17) 2xx Auth_Ok + P-CSCF->>UE: (SM18) 2xx Auth_Ok + +``` + +J.366.7(10)\_F06 + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE, P-CSCF, I-CSCF, HSS, and S-CSCF for IMS AKA based authentication after a synchronization failure. The process involves a registration attempt, a synchronization failure response, a subsequent successful registration, and authentication challenges and responses. + +**Figure 6** + +The flow equals the flow in 6.1.1 up to SM6. For IMS AKA based authentication, wWhen the UE receives SM6 it detects that the SQN is out of range and sends a synchronization failure back to the S-CSCF in SM7. RFC 3310 [17] describes the fields to populate corresponding parameters of synchronization failure. + +SM7: +REGISTER(Failure = *Synchronization Failure*, AUTS, IMPI) + +Upon receiving the *Synchronization Failure* and the AUTS the S-CSCF sends an Av-Req to the HSS in CM3 including the RAND stored by the S-CSCF and the required number of Avs, m. + +CM3: +Cx-AV-Req(IMPI, RAND,AUTS, m) + +The HSS checks the AUTS as in clause 6.3.5 of TS 33.102 [1]. After potentially updating the SQN, the HSS sends new AVs to the S-CSCF in CM4. + +CM4: +Cx-AV-Req-Resp(IMPI, n,RAND1||AUTN1||XRES1||CK1||IK1,.....,RANDn||AUTNn||XRESn||CKn||IKn) + +When the S-CSCF receives the new batch of authentication vectors from the HSS it deletes the old ones for that user in the S-CSCF. + +The rest of the messages i.e., SM10-SM18 including the Cx messages are exactly the same as SM4-SM12 and the corresponding Cx messages in 6.1.1. + +For SIP Digest-based authentication, the UE cannot detect synchronization failures when processing SM6 but the S-CSCF can check if the nonce value in SM9 is invalid with a valid digest for that nonce (indicating that the client knows the correct username/password) to determine that a synchronization failure has occurred. In this situation, the S-CSCF shall reject the request and send out the challenge (i.e., SM4) again using a new nonce. The stale parameter in the www-Authenticate header is set to TRUE (case-insensitive) in this message. + +When the UE receives the challenge with the stale parameter in the www-Authenticate header set to TRUE, it shall retry the REGISTER request with a new encrypted response (i.e., starting from SM7 in figure 6), without re-prompting the user for a new username and password. + +### 6.1.4 Network Initiated authentications + +In order to authenticate an already registered user, the S-CSCF shall send a request to the UE to initiate a re-registration procedure. When received at the S-CSCF, the re-registration shall trigger a new IMS AKA procedure or SIP Digest procedure that will allow the S-CSCF to re-authenticate the user. + +![Sequence diagram showing Network Initiated authentication between UE and S-CSCF.](51db757d054ce1ce83c436a3578b56ca_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant S-CSCF + Note right of S-CSCF: Verification + S-CSCF->>UE: Authentication required + UE->>S-CSCF: (SM1-3) REGISTER + S-CSCF->>UE: (SM4-6) 4xx Auth_Challenge + UE->>S-CSCF: (SM7-9) REGISTER + S-CSCF->>UE: (SM10-12) 2xx Auth_Ok +``` + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between a User Equipment (UE) and an S-CSCF for network-initiated authentication. The sequence of messages is as follows: 1. The S-CSCF sends an 'Authentication required' message to the UE. 2. The UE responds with '(SM1-3) REGISTER'. 3. The S-CSCF replies with '(SM4-6) 4xx Auth\_Challenge'. 4. The UE then sends '(SM7-9) REGISTER'. 5. Finally, the S-CSCF performs a 'Verification' step and sends '(SM10-12) 2xx Auth\_Ok' to the UE. A reference label 'J.366.7(10)\_F07' is present at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Sequence diagram showing Network Initiated authentication between UE and S-CSCF. + +Figure 7 + +The UE shall initiate the re-registration on the reception of the Authentication Required indication. In the event that the UE does not initiate the re-registration procedure after the request from the S-CSCF, the S-CSCF may decide to de-register the subscriber or re-issue an Authentication-Required. + +### 6.1.5 Integrity protection indicator + +In the context of integrity protection, an SA is a secure channel for exchanging messages. For IPSec-based access security, an IPSec SA is an integrity protection SA. For TLS-based access security, a mutually authenticated TLS channel is considered an integrity protection SA. + +In order to decide whether a REGISTER request from the UE needs to be authenticated, the S-CSCF needs to know about the integrity protection applied to the message. The P-CSCF attaches an indication to the REGISTER request to inform the S-CSCF that the message was integrity protected if: + +- the P-CSCF receives a REGISTER containing an authentication response and the message is protected with an SA created during this authentication procedure; or +- the P-CSCF receives a REGISTER not containing an authentication response and the message is protected with an SA created by latest successful authentication (from the P-CSCF perspective). + +For all other REGISTER requests the P-CSCF attaches an indication that the REGISTER request was not integrity protected or ensures that there is no indication about integrity protection in the message. + +## 6.2 Confidentiality mechanisms + +*Add the following at the end of the clause:* + +The encryption key expansion on the user side is done in the UE. The encryption key expansion on the network side is done in the P-CSCF. + +TLS-based protection mechanisms are specified in clause 7.1.2. + +## 6.3 Integrity mechanisms + +*Add the following at the end of the clause:* + +The integrity key expansion on the user side is done in the UE. The integrity key expansion on the network side is done in the P-CSCF. + +The anti-replay service shall be enabled in the UE and the P-CSCF on all established SAs. + +TLS-based protection mechanisms are specified in clause 7.1.2. + +## 6.4 Hiding mechanisms + +No Change. + +## 6.5 CSCF interoperating with proxy located in a non-IMS network + +No Change. + +# 7 Security association set-up procedure + +The security association set-up procedure is necessary in order to decide what security services to apply and when the security services start. In the IMS authentication of users is performed during registration as specified in clause 6.1. Subsequent signalling communications in this session will be integrity protected based on the security association that was established ~~keys derived~~ during the authentication process. + +## 7.1 Security association parameters + +The existing text becomes clause 7.1.1 and a new clause 7.1.2 is created. + +### **7.1.1 IPsec-based access security** + +For protecting IMS signalling between the UE and the P-CSCF it is necessary to agree on shared keys that are provided by IMS AKA, and a set of parameters specific to a protection method. The security mode setup (cf. clause 7.2) is used to negotiate the SA parameters required for IPsec ESP with authentication and confidentiality, in accordance with the provisions in clauses 5.1.3 and 6.2. + +... + +- 7) For each incoming protected message the SIP application at the UE shall verify that the correct inbound SA according to clause 7.4 on SA handling has been used. The SA is identified by the pair (UE\_protected\_port, P-CSCF\_protected\_port) in the "SA table". + +NOTE – If the integrity check of a received packet fails then IPsec will automatically discard the packet. + +### **7.1.2 TLS profile for TLS-based access security** + +The UE and the P-CSCF shall support the TLS version as specified in RFC 2246 [31], WAP-219-TLS [30], RFC 3268 [29], or higher. Earlier versions are not allowed. + +#### **– Protection mechanisms** + +- The UE and P-CSCF shall support the CipherSuite TLS\_RSA\_WITH\_3DES\_EDE\_CBC\_SHA and the CipherSuite TLS\_RSA\_WITH\_AES\_128\_CBC\_SHA. All other Cipher Suites as defined in RFC 2246 [31] and RFC 3268 [29] are optional for implementation. +- Cipher Suites with NULL encryption shall not be used. During the TLS handshake phase the UE should offer the TLS Cipher Suites that it supports and is willing to use for encryption. +- Cipher Suites with NULL integrity protection (or HASH) shall not be allowed. +- RFC 2246 [31] supports the negotiation and use of compression methods. However, since these methods are not specified within RFC 2246 [31], compression shall not be used. + +#### **– Authentication of the P-CSCF** + +- The P-CSCF shall be authenticated by the UE as specified in RFC 2246 [31] by presenting a valid server certificate. +- The P-CSCF may be authenticated by the UE as specified in WAP-219-TLS [30]. +- If the P-CSCF is authenticated by use as specified in WAP-219-TLS [30], the P-CSCF certificate profile shall be based on WAP Certificate as defined in WAP-211-WAPCert [27]. If a PKI is used, additional CRL profile should be as defined in WAP-211-WAP-Cert [27]. + +#### **– Authentication of the UE** + +- The P-CSCF shall not request a certificate in a Server Hello Message from the UE. The S-CSCF shall authenticate the UE as specified in clause 6.1.1. + +#### **– Verification of the TLS tunnel endpoints** + +- In order for the UE to be able to trust the TLS tunnel endpoint, the P-CSCF certificate shall be used during the authentication procedure. + +#### **– TLS session parameters** + +- The TLS Handshake Protocol negotiates a session, which is identified by a Session ID. The UE and the P-CSCF shall allow for resuming a session. The lifetime of a Session ID is subject to local policies of the UE and the P-CSCF. A recommended lifetime is one hour (or at least more than the re-REGISTRATION time out). The maximum lifetime specified in RFC 2246 [31] is 24 hours. + +#### – Ports + +- The P-CSCF shall be prepared to accept TLS session requests on port 5061. +- The procedures in [26] shall apply when managing TLS connections. + +## 7.2 Set-up of security associations (successful case) + +The existing text becomes clause 7.2.1 and a new clause 7.2.2 is created. + +### 7.2.1 IPsec-based access security + +The set-up of security associations is based on RFC 3329 [21]. Annex H of this specification shows how to use RFC 3329 [21] for the set-up of security associations. + +... + +An example of how to make use of two pairs of unidirectional SAs is illustrated in the figure below with a set of example message exchanges protected by the respective IPsec SAs where the INVITE and following messages are assumed to be carried over TCP. + +![Sequence diagram showing message exchanges between UE and P-CSCF. The diagram illustrates the set-up of security associations (IPsec) for SIP messages. The UE sends a Register (SM1) to the P-CSCF. The P-CSCF responds with 401 Unauthorised (SM6) containing RAND||AUTN. The UE then sends Register (SM7) with RES. The P-CSCF responds with OK (SM12). The UE sends an Invite message. The P-CSCF responds with 180 Ringing. The UE sends 200 OK. The diagram uses different line styles to indicate protection levels: solid lines for unprotected messages, dashed lines for messages protected by SA pair 1, and dotted lines for messages protected by SA pair 2. Port labels (port_uc, port_us, port_ps, port_pc) are shown on the vertical lifelines. The diagram is labeled J.366.7(10)_F09.](608f1b5ef8f3dc0723f2b4ea1fb72be2_img.jpg) + +Legend: + +- Unprotected +- - - Protected by SA pair 1 +- ... Protected by SA pair 2 + +Sequence diagram showing message exchanges between UE and P-CSCF. The diagram illustrates the set-up of security associations (IPsec) for SIP messages. The UE sends a Register (SM1) to the P-CSCF. The P-CSCF responds with 401 Unauthorised (SM6) containing RAND||AUTN. The UE then sends Register (SM7) with RES. The P-CSCF responds with OK (SM12). The UE sends an Invite message. The P-CSCF responds with 180 Ringing. The UE sends 200 OK. The diagram uses different line styles to indicate protection levels: solid lines for unprotected messages, dashed lines for messages protected by SA pair 1, and dotted lines for messages protected by SA pair 2. Port labels (port\_uc, port\_us, port\_ps, port\_pc) are shown on the vertical lifelines. The diagram is labeled J.366.7(10)\_F09. + +Figure 9 + +### 7.2.2 TLS-based access security + +The set-up of the TLS tunnel between the UE and the P-CSCF is based on the TLS profile specified in clause 7.1.2. The sip-sec-agree negotiation according to RFC 3329 [21] is performed during the registration procedure to confirm the choice of the security mechanism. Annex H of this specification explains how to use RFC 3329 [21] for the set-up of security associations. + +If the UE supports TLS, the UE and the P-CSCF may set up a server authenticated TLS tunnel prior to the registration procedure, where the P-CSCF uses a server certificate for authentication. If the TLS tunnel is negotiated prior to the register, all the messages between the UE and the P-CSCF shall be sent through this TLS tunnel. + +## 7.3 Error cases in the set-up of security associations + +### 7.3.1 Error cases related to IMS AKA and TLS-based access security + +Errors related to IMS AKA failures are specified in clause 6.1. However, this clause additionally describes how these shall be treated, related to security association setup. + +#### 7.3.1.1 User authentication failure + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +In this case, SM7 fails integrity check by IPsec at the P-CSCF if the $IK_{IM}$ derived from RAND at UE is wrong. The SIP application at the P-CSCF never receives SM7. It shall delete the temporarily stored SA parameters associated with this registration after a time-out. + +In case $IK_{IM}$ was derived correctly, but the response was wrong the authentication of the user fails at the S-CSCF due to an incorrect response. The S-CSCF shall send a 4xx Auth\_Failure message to the UE, via the P-CSCF, which may pass through an already established SA. Afterwards, both, the UE and the P-CSCF shall delete the new SAs. + +For TLS-based access security the following applies: + +If the UE response does not match with the response calculated by the S-CSCF, the authentication of the user fails at the S-CSCF. The S-CSCF shall send a 4xx Auth\_Failure message to the UE, via the P-CSCF. Afterwards, both the UE and the P-CSCF shall delete the TLS tunnel if one was established. + +#### 7.3.1.2 Network authentication failure + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +If the UE is not able to successfully authenticate the network, the UE shall send a REGISTER message which may pass through an already established SA, indicating a network authentication failure, to the P-CSCF. The P-CSCF deletes the new SAs after receiving this message. + +For TLS-based access security the following applies: + +If the UE is not able to successfully authenticate the network due to failed validation of the P-CSCF certificate, the UE shall send an alert message to the P-CSCF, which includes the failure information as specified in RFC 2246 [31]. + +#### 7.3.1.3 Synchronisation failure + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +In this situation, the UE observes that the AUTN sent by the network in SM6 contains an out-of-range sequence number. The UE shall send a REGISTER message to the P-CSCF, which may pass through an already established SA, indicating the synchronization failure. The P-CSCF deletes the new SAs after receiving this message. + +For TLS-based access security the following applies: + +When the UE receives the challenge with the stale parameter in the www-Authenticate header set to TRUE, the UE shall retry the REGISTER request with a new encrypted response, without re-prompting the user for a new username and password. The existing TLS session shall be used for the retry. + +#### **7.3.1.4 Incomplete authentication** + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +If the UE responds to an authentication challenge from a S-CSCF, but does not receive a reply before the request times out, the UE shall start a registration procedure if it still requires any IM services. The first message in this registration should be protected with an SA created by a previous successful authentication if one exists. + +When the P-CSCF receives a challenge from the S-CSCF and creates the corresponding SAs during a registration procedure, it shall delete any information relating to any previous registration procedure (including the SAs created during the previous registration procedure). + +If the P-CSCF deletes a registration SA due to its lifetime being exceeded, the P-CSCF should delete any information relating to the registration procedure that created the SA. + +For TLS-based access security the following applies: + +If the UE responds to an authentication challenge from a S-CSCF, but does not receive a reply before the request times out, the UE shall start a registration procedure if it still requires any IM services. + +### **7.3.2 Error cases related to the Security-Set-up** + +#### **7.3.2.1 Proposal unacceptable to P-CSCF** + +In this case the P-CSCF cannot accept the proposal set sent by the UE in the Security-Set-up command of SM1. The P-CSCF shall respond to SM1 indicating a failure, by sending an error response to the UE. + +#### **7.3.2.2 Proposal unacceptable to UE** + +If the P-CSCF sends in the security-setup line of SM6 a proposal that is not acceptable for the UE, the UE shall abandon the registration procedure. + +#### **7.3.2.3 Failed consistency check of Security-Set-up lines at the P-CSCF** + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +The P-CSCF shall check whether authentication and encryption algorithms list received in SM7 is identical with the authentication and encryption algorithms list sent in SM6. If this is not the case the registration procedure is aborted. (Cf. clause 7.2). + +## **7.4 Authenticated re-registration** + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +Every registration that includes a user authentication attempt produces new security associations. If the authentication is successful, then these new security associations shall replace the previous ones. This clause describes how the UE and P-CSCF handle this replacement and which SAs to apply to which message. + +When security associations are changed in an authenticated re-registration then the protected server ports at the UE (*port\_us*) and the P-CSCF (*port\_ps*) shall remain unchanged, while the protected client ports at the UE (*port\_uc*) and the P-CSCF (*port\_pc*) shall change. For the definition of these ports see clause 7.1. + +If the UE has an already active pair of security associations, then it shall use this to protect the REGISTER message. If the S-CSCF is notified by the P-CSCF that the REGISTER message from the UE was integrity-protected it may decide not to authenticate the user by means of the AKA protocol. However, the UE may send unprotected REGISTER messages at any time. In this case, + +the S-CSCF shall authenticate the user by means of the AKA protocol. In particular, if the UE considers the SAs no longer active at the P-CSCF, e.g., after receiving no response to several protected messages, then the UE should send an unprotected REGISTER message. + +Security associations may be unidirectional or bi-directional. This clause assumes that security associations are unidirectional, as this is the general case. For IP layer SAs, the lifetime mentioned in the following clauses is the lifetime held at the application layer. Furthermore deleting an SA means deleting the SA from both the application and IPsec layer. The message numbers, e.g., SM1, used in the following clauses relate to the message flow given in clause 6.1.1. + +For TLS-based access security the following applies: + +If established, the lifetime of the TLS session negotiated between the UE and the P-CSCF is subject to local policies. Either party can force a full handshake as specified in RFC 2246 [31]. All the registration messages must be protected by an active TLS session. + +### **7.4.1 Void** + +### **7.4.1a Management of security associations in the UE** + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +The UE shall be involved in only one registration procedure at a time, i.e., the UE shall remove any data relating to any previous incomplete registrations or authentications, including any SAs created by an incomplete authentication. + +The UE may start a registration procedure with two existing pairs of SAs. These will be referred to as the old SAs. The authentication produces two pairs of new SAs. These new SAs shall not be used to protect non-authentication traffic until noted during the authentication flow. In the same way, certain messages in the authentication shall be protected with a particular SA. If the UE receives a message protected with the incorrect SA, it shall discard the message. + +A successful authentication proceeds in the following steps: + +- The UE sends the SM1 message to register with the IMS. If SM1 was protected, it shall be protected with the old outbound SA. +- The UE receives an authentication challenge in a message (SM6) from the P-CSCF. This message shall be protected with the old inbound SA if SM1 was protected and unprotected otherwise. +- If this message SM6 can be successfully processed by the UE, the UE creates the new SAs, which are derived according to clause 7.1. The lifetime of the new SAs shall be set to allow enough time to complete the registration procedure. The UE then sends its response (SM7) to the P-CSCF, which shall be protected with the new outbound SA. Meanwhile, if SM1 was protected, the UE shall use the old SAs for messages other than those in the authentication, until a successful message of new authentication is received (SM12); if SM1 was unprotected, the UE is not allowed to use IMS service until it receives an authentication successful message (SM12). +- The UE receives an authentication successful message (SM12) from the P-CSCF. It shall be protected with the new inbound SA. +- After the successful processing of this message by the UE, the registration is complete. The UE sets the lifetime of the new SAs such that it either equals the latest lifetime of the old SAs or it will expire shortly after the registration timer in the message, depending which gives the SAs the longer life. For further SIP messages sent from UE, the new outbound SAs are used, with the following exception: when a SIP message is part of a pending SIP transaction it may still be sent over the old SA. A SIP transaction is called pending if it was started using an old SA. When a further SIP message protected with a new inbound SA is successfully received from the P-CSCF, then the old SAs shall be deleted as soon as either + +all pending SIP transactions have been completed, or have timed out. The old SAs shall be always deleted when the lifetime is expired. This completes the SA handling procedure for the UE. + +A failure in the authentication can occur for several reasons. If the SM1 was not protected, then no protection shall be applied to the failure messages, except the user authentication failure message which shall be protected with the new SA. If SM1 was protected, the old SAs shall be used to protect the failure messages. In both cases, after processing the failure message, the UE shall delete the new SAs. + +The UE shall monitor the expiry time of registrations without an authentication and if necessary increase the lifetime of the SAs created by the last successful authentication such that it will expire shortly after the registration timer in the message. + +NOTE – In particular this means that the lifetime of a SA is never decreased. + +The UE shall delete any SA whose lifetime is exceeded. The UE shall delete all SAs it holds once all the IMPUs are de-registered. + +For TLS-based access security the following applies: + +The UE shall be involved in only one registration procedure at a time, i.e., the UE shall remove any data relating to any previous incomplete registrations or authentications, including any TLS tunnel created by an incomplete authentication. + +### 7.4.2 Void + +### 7.4.2a Management of security associations in the P-CSCF + +For IPsec-based access security the following applies: + +When the S-CSCF initiates an authentication by sending a challenge to the UE, the P-CSCF may already contain existing SAs from previously completed authentications. It may also contain two existing pairs of SAs from an incomplete authentication. These will be referred to as the old and registration SAs respectively. The authentication produces two pairs of new SAs. These new SAs shall not be used to protect non-authentication traffic until noted during the authentication flow. Similarly certain messages in the authentication shall be protected with a particular SA. If the P-CSCF receives a message protected with the incorrect SA, it shall discard the message. + +The P-CSCF associates the IMPI given in the registration procedure and all the successfully registered IMPUs related to that IMPI to an SA. + +A successful authentication proceeds in the following steps: + +- The P-CSCF receives the SM1 message. If SM1 is protected, it shall be protected with the old inbound SA. +- The P-CSCF forwards the message containing the challenge (SM6) to the UE. This shall be protected with the old outbound SA, if SM1 was protected and unprotected otherwise. +- The P-CSCF then creates the new SAs, which are derived according to clause 7.1. The expiry time of the new SAs shall be set to allow enough time to complete the registration procedure. The registration SAs shall be deleted if they exist. +- The P-CSCF receives the message carrying the response (SM7) from the UE. It shall be protected using the new inbound SA. If SM1 was protected, the old SAs are used to protect messages other than those in the authentication. +- The P-CSCF forwards the successful registration message (SM12) to the UE. It shall be protected using the new outbound SA. This completes the registration procedure for the P-CSCF. The P-CSCF sets the expiry time of the new SAs such that they either equals the latest lifetime of the old SAs or it will expire shortly after the registration timer in the + +message, depending which gives the SAs the longer life. + +- After SM12 is sent, the P-CSCF handles the UE related SAs according to following rules: + - If there are old SAs, but SM1 belonging to the same registration procedure was received unprotected, the P-CSCF considers error cases happened, and assumes UE does not have those old SAs for use. In this case the P-CSCF shall remove the old SAs. + - If SM1 belonging to the same registration procedure was protected with an old valid SA, the P-CSCF keeps this inbound SA and the corresponding three SAs created during the same registration with the UE active, and continues to use them. Any other old SAs are deleted. When the old SAs have only a short time left before expiring or a further SIP message protected with a new inbound SA is successfully received from the UE, the P-CSCF starts to use the new SAs for outbound messages with the following exception: when a SIP message is part of a pending SIP transaction it may still be sent over the old SA. A SIP transaction is called pending if it was started using an old SA. The old SAs are then deleted as soon as all pending SIP transactions have been completed, or have timed out. The old SAs are always deleted when the old SAs lifetime are expired. When the old SAs expire without a further SIP message protected by the new SAs, the new SAs are taken into use for outbound messages. This completes the SA handling procedure for the P-CSCF. + +A failure in the authentication can occur for several reasons. If the SM1 was not protected, then no protection shall be applied to the failure messages, except the user authentication failure message which shall be protected with the new SAs. If SM1 was protected, the old SAs shall be used to protect the failure messages. In both cases, after processing the failure message, the P-CSCF shall delete the new SAs. + +The P-CSCF shall monitor the expiry time of registrations without an authentication and if necessary increase the lifetime of SAs created by the last successful authentication such that it will expire shortly after the registration timer in the message. + +The P-CSCF shall delete any SA whose lifetime is exceeded. The P-CSCF shall delete all SAs it holds that are associated with a particular IMPI once all the associated IMPUs are de-registered. + +For TLS-based access security the following applies: + +A server side authenticated TLS session may be established before the UE is authenticated. + +When the S-CSCF initiates authentication by sending a challenge to the UE, the P-CSCF may use the existing TLS tunnel to protect all authentication traffic. In this case if the authentication is successful including verification of authorization tokens, the P-CSCF may continue to use the existing TLS tunnel, but if the authentication is unsuccessful, the P-CSCF shall release the existing TLS tunnel. + +The P-CSCF associates UE's IP address given in the registration procedure with the IMPI and all the successfully registered IMPUs related to that IMPI to a TLS tunnel. + +## **7.5 Rules for security association handling when the UE changes IP address** + +... + +## **7.6 Interoperability cases between IPsec and TLS-based access security** + +### **7.6.1 Requirements for interoperability** + +When a UE (or P-CSCF) is upgraded to support TLS, it may be possible that the peer P-CSCF (or UE) has not been upgraded, but supports only IPsec-based access security. To ensure interoperability, UEs and P-CSCFs supporting TLS-based access security may support IPsec-based access security. The UE should always initiate the communication with TLS if the UE supports it. + +Starting with TLS handshake has the benefit that the negotiation is protected from message SM1. + +If the UE does not support TLS and IPsec, the UE can be authenticated by SIP Digest but the security association cannot be setup. + +The following clauses describe the cases where either of the nodes supports TLS and both support IPsec-based access security to ensure backwards compatibility: + +- TLS security set up initiated by UE; +- IPsec security set up due to P-CSCF not supporting TLS; +- IPsec security set up due to UE not supporting TLS. + +NOTE – The flows in the following clauses illustrate only the parameters that are relevant for selecting the access security method. + +### **7.6.2 TLS security set up initiated by UE** + +In this case UE and P-CSCF both support IPsec- and TLS-based access security. The UE may start with TLS handshake before SM1. The Sec-agree negotiation according to RFC 3329 [21] is run in the messages to confirm the choice of the security mechanism i.e., TLS-based access security is set-up. Figure 10 depicts an example flow. + +NOTE – If the UE does not support IPsec, it does not add the ipsec-3gpp mechanism name to the Sec-agree header. + +![Sequence diagram showing TLS security set up initiated by UE between UE and P-CSCF.](356eb99ab9489bbd647223390a913903_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + Note left of UE: TLS handshake (optional) + UE->>P-CSCF: SIP REGISTER (SM1) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security client:tls +security client: ipsec-3gpp +... + P-CSCF-->>UE: 4xx Auth_Challenge (SM6) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security server: tls;q=0.2 +security server: ipsec-3gpp;q=0,1 +... + UE->>P-CSCF: SIP REGISTER (SM7) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security verify: tls;q=0.2 +security verify: ipsec-3gpp;q=0. +... +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of messages between a User Equipment (UE) and a P-CSCF. It begins with an optional TLS handshake from the UE to the P-CSCF. This is followed by a SIP REGISTER (SM1) message from the UE to the P-CSCF, which includes 'Security client:tls' and 'security client: ipsec-3gpp'. The P-CSCF responds with a 4xx Auth\_Challenge (SM6) message, containing 'Security server: tls;q=0.2' and 'security server: ipsec-3gpp;q=0,1'. The UE then sends a SIP REGISTER (SM7) message to the P-CSCF, with 'Security verify: tls;q=0.2' and 'security verify: ipsec-3gpp;q=0.'. Ellipses indicate additional messages or details in the sequence. + +Sequence diagram showing TLS security set up initiated by UE between UE and P-CSCF. + +**Figure 10** + +### **7.6.3 IPsec security set up due to P-CSCF not supporting TLS** + +In this case the P-CSCF supports IPsec and the UE supports at least IPsec and it may support also TLS. The UE may start with TLS handshake, which is rejected by the P-CSCF e.g., with an ICMP message, since the P-CSCF does not support TLS handshake. When receiving the error message the UE falls back to Sec-agree. Then the UE and P-CSCF negotiate the use of IPsec-based access security. Figure 11 depicts an example flow. + +NOTE – It should be noted that since the error message from the P-CSCF cannot be authenticated by the UE, i.e., it could be sent by an attacker, the following Sec-agree negotiation may still lead to establishment of TLS (e.g., due to that the P-CSCF is not using a standard port for TLS, but a private port). This is possible if both UE and P-CSCF support TLS. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 11 showing the interaction between UE and P-CSCF. The sequence starts with an optional TLS initiation from UE to P-CSCF. P-CSCF responds with an error (e.g., ICMP). UE then sends a SIP REGISTER (SM1) with security clients 'tls' and 'ipsec-3gpp'. P-CSCF responds with a 4xx Auth_Challenge (SM6) indicating 'Security server: ipsec-3gpp'. UE performs an IPsec set up. Finally, UE sends a SIP REGISTER (SM7) with 'Security verify: ipsec-3gpp'.](8c348bf9c2c81b018017ae1d19506a9a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + Note right of P-CSCF: J.366.7(10)_F11 + UE->>P-CSCF: TLS initiation (optional) + P-CSCF-->>UE: Error, e.g., ICMP + UE->>P-CSCF: SIP REGISTER (SM1) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security client: tls +security client: ipsec-3gpp +... + P-CSCF-->>UE: 4xx Auth_Challenge (SM6) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security server: ipsec-3gpp +... + UE->>P-CSCF: IPsec set up + UE->>P-CSCF: SIP REGISTER (SM7) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security verify: ipsec-3gpp +... + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 11 showing the interaction between UE and P-CSCF. The sequence starts with an optional TLS initiation from UE to P-CSCF. P-CSCF responds with an error (e.g., ICMP). UE then sends a SIP REGISTER (SM1) with security clients 'tls' and 'ipsec-3gpp'. P-CSCF responds with a 4xx Auth\_Challenge (SM6) indicating 'Security server: ipsec-3gpp'. UE performs an IPsec set up. Finally, UE sends a SIP REGISTER (SM7) with 'Security verify: ipsec-3gpp'. + +**Figure 11** + +### **7.6.4 IPsec security set up due to UE only supporting IPsec** + +In this case the UE supports IPsec and P-CSCF supports both IPsec- and TLS-based access security. The UE starts with the Sec-agree negotiation according to RFC 3329 [21]. IPsec-based access security is set-up. Figure 12 depicts an example flow. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 12 showing the interaction between UE and P-CSCF. UE sends a SIP REGISTER (SM1) with 'Security client: ipsec-3gpp'. P-CSCF responds with a 4xx Auth_Challenge (SM6) listing 'Security server: tls;q=0.1' and 'security server: ipsec-3gpp;q=0.2'. UE performs an IPsec set up. Finally, UE sends a SIP REGISTER (SM7) with 'Security verify: tls;q=0.2' and 'security verify: ipsec-3gpp;q=0'.](eb5677b570ab2a3e9d8f5d35ca5b8a4d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant P-CSCF + Note right of P-CSCF: J.366.7(10)_F12 + UE->>P-CSCF: SIP REGISTER (SM1) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security client: ipsec-3gpp +... + P-CSCF-->>UE: 4xx Auth_Challenge (SM6) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security server: tls;q=0.1 +security server: ipsec-3gpp;q=0.2 +... + UE->>P-CSCF: IPsec set up + UE->>P-CSCF: SIP REGISTER (SM7) + Note right of P-CSCF: Security verify: tls;q=0.2 +security verify: ipsec-3gpp;q=0. +... + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 12 showing the interaction between UE and P-CSCF. UE sends a SIP REGISTER (SM1) with 'Security client: ipsec-3gpp'. P-CSCF responds with a 4xx Auth\_Challenge (SM6) listing 'Security server: tls;q=0.1' and 'security server: ipsec-3gpp;q=0.2'. UE performs an IPsec set up. Finally, UE sends a SIP REGISTER (SM7) with 'Security verify: tls;q=0.2' and 'security verify: ipsec-3gpp;q=0'. + +**Figure 12** + +# **8 ISIM** + +... + +# Annex H (normative) + +## The use of "Security Mechanism Agreement for SIP Sessions" [21] for security mode set-up + +The BNF syntax of RFC 3329 [21], with the addition of the "aes-cbc" value for the "ealg" parameter, is defined for negotiating security associations for semi-manually keyed IPsec in the following way: + +``` +security-client = "Security-Client" HCOLON sec-mechanism *(COMMA sec-mechanism) +security-server = "Security-Server" HCOLON sec-mechanism *(COMMA sec-mechanism) +security-verify = "Security-Verify" HCOLON sec-mechanism *(COMMA sec-mechanism) +sec-mechanism = mechanism-name *(SEMI mech-parameters) +mechanism-name = "ipsec-3gpp" / "tls" +mech-parameters = ( preference / algorithm / protocol / mode / encrypt-algorithm / spi-c / spi-s / + port-c / port-s ) +preference = "q" EQUAL qvalue +qvalue = ( "0" [ "." 0*3DIGIT ] ) / ( "1" [ "." 0*3("0") ] ) +algorithm = "alg" EQUAL ( "hmac-md5-96" / "hmac-sha-1-96" ) +protocol = "prot" EQUAL ( "ah" / "esp" ) +mode = "mod" EQUAL ( "trans" / "tun" ) +encrypt-algorithm = "ealg" EQUAL ( "des-ede3-cbc" / "aes-cbc" / "null" ) +spi-c = "spi-c" EQUAL spivalue +spi-s = "spi-s" EQUAL spivalue +spivalue = 10DIGIT; 0 to 4294967295 +port-c = "port-c" EQUAL port +port-s = "port-s" EQUAL port +port = 1*DIGIT +``` + +The parameters described by the BNF above have the following semantics: + +**Mechanism-name:** For TLS as defined in RFC 3329 [21]. For manually keyed IPsec, this field includes the value "ipsec-3gpp". "ipsec-3gpp" mechanism extends the general negotiation procedure of RFC 3329 [21] in the following way: + +- 1 The server shall store the Security-Client header received in the request before sending the response with the Security-Server header. +- 2 The client shall include the Security-Client header in the first protected request. In other words, the first protected request shall include both Security-Verify and Security-Client header fields. + +3 The server shall check that the content of Security-Client headers received in previous steps (1 and 2) are the same. + +Preference: As defined in RFC 3329 [21]. + +The rest of the parameters in this annex are applicable to IPsec only. + +Algorithm: Defines the authentication algorithm. May have a value "hmac-md5-96" for algorithm defined in RFC 2403 [15], or "hmac-sha-1-96" for algorithm defined in RFC 2404 [16]. The algorithm parameter is mandatory. + +Protocol: Defines the IPsec protocol. May have a value "ah" for RFC 2402 [19] and "esp" for RFC 2406 [13]. If no Protocol parameter is present, the value will be "esp". + +NOTE – According to clause 6 only "esp" is allowed for use in IMS. + +Mode: Defines the mode in which the IPsec protocol is used. May have a value "trans" for transport mode, and value "tun" for tunneling mode. If no Mode parameter is present, the value will be "trans". + +NOTE – According to clause 6.3 ESP integrity shall be applied in transport mode i.e., only "trans" is allowed for use in IMS. + +Encrypt-algorithm: If present, defines the encryption algorithm. May have a value "des-ede3-cbc" for algorithm defined in RFC 2451 [20] or "aes-cbc" for the algorithm defined in IETF RFC 3602 [22] or "null" if encryption is not used. If no Encrypt-algorithm parameter is present, the algorithm will be "null". + +Spi-c: Defines the SPI number of the inbound SA at the protected client port. + +Spi-s: Defines the SPI number of the inbound SA at the protected server port. + +Port-c: Defines the protected client port. + +Port-s: Defines the protected server port. + +It is assumed that the underlying IPsec implementation supports selectors that allow all transport protocols supported by SIP to be protected with a single SA. + +... + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system 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OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals + +--- + +**Digital program insertion – Advertising systems +interfaces – Core data elements** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.2 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.380.2** + +# **Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Core data elements** + +# **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.2 describes the digital program insertion advertising systems interfaces' core messaging and data types, using extensible mark-up language (XML), XML namespaces, and XML schema. + +## **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.380.2 | 2011-11-13 | 9 | + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2012 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 3 | +| 5.1 | Normative XML schema ..... | 3 | +| 5.2 | Recommendation conventions..... | 3 | +| 6 | XML namespaces ..... | 6 | +| 6.1 | Unknown/unrecognized/unsupported XML elements and attributes ..... | 6 | +| 6.2 | Element order ..... | 6 | +| 6.3 | Language identification ..... | 6 | +| 7 | ITU-T J.380 message basics ..... | 6 | +| 7.1 | Common schema for all messages ..... | 8 | +| 7.2 | Request and notification messages base schema..... | 9 | +| 7.3 | Response and acknowledgement messages base schema..... | 11 | +| 7.4 | ITU-T J.380 message characterizations ..... | 13 | +| 7.5 | Addressing ..... | 17 | +| 8 | ITU-T J.380.2 messages ..... | 19 | +| 8.1 | Service check messages..... | 20 | +| 8.2 | Service status messages..... | 24 | +| 9 | ITU-T J.380 core attribute types and elements..... | 28 | +| 9.1 | Semantic definitions for ITU-T J.380 core types ..... | 28 | +| 9.2 | Semantic definitions for ITU-T J.380 core attribute types..... | 28 | +| 9.3 | Address element ..... | 30 | +| 9.4 | AdType element ..... | 31 | +| 9.5 | AssetRef element..... | 32 | +| 9.6 | Callout element..... | 33 | +| 9.7 | Content element..... | 35 | +| 9.8 | ContentDataModel element..... | 37 | +| 9.9 | ContentLocation element..... | 38 | +| 9.10 | CurrentDateTime element ..... | 39 | +| 9.11 | Duration element ..... | 40 | +| 9.12 | Ext element..... | 40 | +| 9.13 | ExternalStatusCode element..... | 41 | +| 9.14 | InitiatorData element ..... | 42 | + +| | Page | +|-------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 9.15 Note element..... | 43 | +| 9.16 Program element..... | 43 | +| 9.17 SegmentationUpid element ..... | 44 | +| 9.18 SpotRef..... | 46 | +| 9.19 StatusCode element ..... | 48 | +| 9.20 Tracking element ..... | 49 | +| 9.21 URI element..... | 50 | +| Annex A – StatusCode element @detail attribute values ..... | 52 | +| Bibliography..... | 54 | + +# **List of Figures** + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Figure 1 – Schema illustration explanation..... | 5 | +| Figure 2 – Basic communication overview..... | 7 | +| Figure 3 – Service channel illustrated..... | 7 | +| Figure 4 – ITU-T J.380 message common attribute schema ..... | 8 | +| Figure 5 – Request message base schema..... | 9 | +| Figure 6 – Notification message base schema ..... | 10 | +| Figure 7 – Response message base schema ..... | 11 | +| Figure 8 – Acknowledgement message base schema ..... | 12 | +| Figure 9 – @messageRef and InitiatorData paired message linkage..... | 13 | +| Figure 10 – Intermediary logical service ..... | 14 | +| Figure 11 – Example resend message sequence ..... | 16 | +| Figure 12 – Example 1 ..... | 18 | +| Figure 13 – Example 2 ..... | 18 | +| Figure 14 – Example 3 ..... | 19 | +| Figure 15 – Example 4 ..... | 19 | +| Figure 16 – Service check message exchange ..... | 20 | +| Figure 17 – ServiceCheckRequest message schema..... | 21 | +| Figure 18 – ServiceCheckResponse message schema ..... | 22 | +| Figure 19 – Example 5 ..... | 23 | +| Figure 20 – Example 6 ..... | 23 | +| Figure 21 – Example 7 ..... | 23 | +| Figure 22 – Example 8 ..... | 24 | +| Figure 23 – Example 9 ..... | 24 | + +| | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Figure 24 – Service status message exchange ..... | 24 | +| Figure 25 – ServiceStatusNotification message schema..... | 25 | +| Figure 26 – ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message schema..... | 26 | +| Figure 27 – Example 10 ..... | 27 | +| Figure 28 – Example 11 ..... | 27 | +| Figure 29 – Example 12 ..... | 28 | +| Figure 30 – Example 13 ..... | 28 | +| Figure 31 – Basic @identity attribute mapping ..... | 28 | +| Figure 32 – Complex @identity attribute mappings..... | 29 | +| Figure 33 – Address element schema ..... | 31 | +| Figure 34 – AdType element schema ..... | 31 | +| Figure 35 – AssetRef Element Schema..... | 32 | +| Figure 36 – Callout element schema..... | 34 | +| Figure 37 – Example 14 ..... | 34 | +| Figure 38 – Example 15 ..... | 35 | +| Figure 39 – Example 16 ..... | 35 | +| Figure 40 – Content element schema..... | 36 | +| Figure 41 – ContentDataModel element schema..... | 38 | +| Figure 42 – ContentLocation element schema..... | 39 | +| Figure 43 – CurrentDateTime element schema ..... | 40 | +| Figure 44 – Duration element schema ..... | 40 | +| Figure 45 – Ext element schema ..... | 41 | +| Figure 46 – ExternalStatusCode element schema..... | 41 | +| Figure 47 – InitiatorData element schema ..... | 42 | +| Figure 48 – Note element schema..... | 43 | +| Figure 49 – Program element schema..... | 44 | +| Figure 50 – SegmentationUpid element schema..... | 45 | +| Figure 51 – SpotRef element schema ..... | 47 | +| Figure 52 – StatusCode element schema ..... | 48 | +| Figure 53 – Tracking Element Schema..... | 50 | +| Figure 54 – URI element schema..... | 51 | + +# List of Tables + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Table 1 – XML namespace declarations..... | 6 | +| Table 2 – ITU-T J.380.2 messages ..... | 19 | +| Table 3 – ContentDataModel element's @type attribute defined values..... | 38 | +| Table 4 – ExternalStatusCode element's @source attribute values ..... | 42 | +| Table 5 – StatusCode element @class attribute values..... | 49 | +| Table A.1 – StatusCode element @detail attribute values..... | 52 | + +# Introduction + +This Recommendation defines the following: + +- The extensible ITU-T J.380 message structure. +- A set of required messages that shall be implemented by all ITU-T J.380 compliant logical services. +- A common set of XML elements (i.e., core elements) which may appear in any ITU-T J.380 message or within any ITU-T J.380 defined element. +- Common XML attributes used by the core data elements which may also be used by any other element. + +All externally defined ITU-T J.380 messages shall contain the appropriate common message attributes as defined herein. + +This Recommendation also defines requirements for the ITU-T J.380 message transport without specifying the actual transport implementation. [ITU-T J.380.7] is expected to define the normative transport specification. + +# Recommendation organization + +This Recommendation provides a structured, logical approach to the core aspects of the Recommendation ITU-T J.380.x series. Each subsequent clause focuses on a particular specification aspect and the document's presentation order provides a top-down, conceptual introduction necessary to implement Recommendation ITU-T J.380. + +Clause 5 explains the document's notational conventions. Clause 6 defines the XML namespace usage and the applicable XML semantics. Clause 7 introduces the message concepts and the core XML attributes which are the foundations of every ITU-T J.380 message. This clause also defines the message exchange characteristics common to all ITU-T J.380 message interactions. + +Clause 7 and its subsequent clauses often may reference XML attributes and elements defined later in the document. The reader may occasionally need to reference other clauses of this document in order to find the complete explanation of a syntactic component. + +Clause 8 defines messages that shall be supported by every ITU-T J.380 logical service. Clause 9 presents the core XML attributes followed by the principal specification XML elements with each group presented in alphabetical order. Annex A concludes the document with the normative status code values, their meanings, and their message usage applicability. + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.380.2 + +# Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Core data elements + +# 1 Scope + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.2 describes the digital program insertion advertising systems interfaces' core messaging and data types using extensible markup language (XML), XML namespaces, and XML schema. Core messaging includes the extensible message schemas, the common ITU-T J.380 message attributes, and the required ITU-T J.380 messages. The core data types are XML attributes and XML elements which may be used in any ITU-T J.380.x message element or within an ITU-T J.380.x element definition. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.380.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.3 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Management interface*. +- [ITU-T J.380.4] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.4 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Content information service*. +- [ITU-T J.380.5] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.5 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Placement opportunity information service*. +- [ITU-T J.380.6] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.6 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Subscriber information service*. +- [ITU-T J.380.7] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.7 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Message transport*. +- [ITU-T J.380.x] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.x-series (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces*. +- [IEEE 802] IEEE Std 802-2001 – *IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Overview and Architecture-IEEE Computer Society*. +<> +- [IETF RFC 3986] IETF RFC 3986 (2005), *Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax*. +<[www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt](http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt)> +- [SCTE 35] ANSI/SCTE 35-2007, *Digital Program Insertion Cueing Message for Cable*. +- [SCTE 118-3] ANSI/SCTE 118-3-2006, *Program Specific Ad Insertion – Traffic System to Ad Insertion System File Format Specification*. +- [SCTE 130-2/core schema] ANSI/SCTE 130-2-2008, *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces Part 2 Core Data Elements – core schema*. +<[http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-2/SCTE\\_130-2\\_2008a.xsd](http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-2/SCTE_130-2_2008a.xsd)> + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [XML] | W3C Recommendation (2006), Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition) .
< http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/ > | +| [XMLInfoSet] | W3C Recommendation (2004), XML Information Set (Second Edition) .
< http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-infoset-20040204/ > | +| [XMLNamespaces] | W3C Recommendation (2006), Namespaces In XML 1.0 (Second Edition) .
< http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-names-20060816/ > | +| [XMLSchemaP1] | W3C Recommendation (2004), XML Schema Part 1: Structures (Second Edition) .
< http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/ > | +| [XMLSchemaP2] | W3C Recommendation (2004), XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes (Second Edition) .
< http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/ > | + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 content:** The video, audio, and data streams taken together as a single identifiable unit. Content may refer to the original entertainment (programming) content, an ad spot, an interactive or enhanced application asset, or any other similar asset. + +**3.2.2 default endpoint:** The endpoint where messages are delivered in the absence of a message specific endpoint designation. + +**3.2.3 element uniqueness:** Generally, XML elements shall be unique according to existing XML compliance where the element's distinctiveness is unambiguous and unique relative to its immediate spatial relationship to other elements. + +**3.2.4 endpoint:** An address, a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or a specific location where a logical service function or functions shall be found and consumed via message exchange. + +**3.2.5 event:** A general term indicating something has happened or occurred. + +**3.2.6 global uniqueness:** Global or universally unique and at no other time shall the item be compromised, reused, or otherwise taken to have more than one meaning. The enforcement of uniqueness as well as the creation of globally unique identifiers is outside the scope of this Recommendation and [b-IETF RFC 4122] is recommended. + +**3.2.7 logical service:** A well-defined, self-contained set of functions accessible via one or more endpoints. The logical service has some type of underlying computer system that supports message communication. + +**3.2.8 message:** The unit of communication between two logical services. + +**3.2.9 program:** A time-bounded collection of video, audio, and data streams. + +**3.2.10 registration-established service channel:** A service channel duration commencing with a successful registration and continuing until termination through deregistration. + +**3.2.11 scope of uniqueness:** Uniqueness is context relative and for this specification's purpose shall be defined by one of the following: global, service channel or element. + +**3.2.12 service channel:** A message communication path between two logical services. + +**3.2.13 service channel uniqueness:** Uniqueness scoped by the @identity attribute and the service channel and at no other time shall the item be compromised, reused, or otherwise taken to have more than one meaning. XML messages shall be service channel unique and a message shall not be compromised or reused for the duration of the service channel. Service channel uniqueness is relative only to the endpoints where the message exchange is occurring and within the identity domain of the two endpoints involved in the exchange. Enforcement of uniqueness as well as the creation of identity unique identifiers is outside the scope of this Recommendation and [b-IETF RFC 4122] is recommended. + +# **4 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +ADM Ad Management Service +ADS Ad Decision Service +CIS Content Information Service +HA High Availability +POIS Placement Opportunity Information Service +SIS Subscriber Information Service +UPID Unique Program Identifier +URI Uniform Resource Identifier +UUID Universally Unique Identifier +XML Extensible Markup Language + +# **5 Conventions** + +## **5.1 Normative XML schema** + +Descriptions of messages, elements, and attributes are normative and, when combined with the normative XML schema document (see clause 2), comprise the full normative specification. Non-normative schema illustrations and instance examples are included herein for informational purposes only. Any real or implied usage, semantics, or structure indicated by the schema illustrations and examples shall not be considered part of the specification. + +No messages representing the interfaces defined in the schema are considered conformant unless they are valid according to the schema document. Additionally, other ITU-T J.380 normative parts may impose additional rules or restrictions that shall be adhered to in order for the messages to be considered conformant to those parts. + +In the case where the written normative specification (for example, this Recommendation) and the normative schema document (i.e., the separately provided XML 'xsd' file) conflict, the written normative specification shall take precedence over the XML schema document. + +The inclusion of a normative XML schema document does not require or imply the specific use of the schema nor a requirement that a message be validated. + +## **5.2 Recommendation conventions** + +XML elements may be listed in the format "element" or "prefix:element" without the double-quotes where "prefix" denotes the appropriate namespace defined in clause 6 and "element" denotes the name of the element. A slash "/" denotes that a child XML element or XML attribute follows. + +XML attributes are listed in the format "@attribute" or "@prefix:attribute" without the double-quotes where "prefix" denotes the appropriate namespace defined in clause 6. An "@" character without the double-quotes denotes an XML attribute as opposed to an XML element, and "attribute" denotes the name of the attribute. + +When describing concrete XML schemas, an element wildcard (``) is represented by the notation `##any`. The `##any` element refers to all namespaces including the namespace defined by this document. Any ITU-T J.380 or alternative namespace element may be included. + +The constrained wildcard element `` is represented by `##other`. The `##other` element refers to all other namespaces except the namespace defined by this Recommendation. Any ITU-T J.380.2 namespace element may be included. + +An attribute wildcard (``) is represented by the notation `@##any` (or 'any `##any`' within the schema diagrams). The `##any` attribute indicates that any ITU-T J.380 defined or alternatively defined attribute may be included. + +Figure 1 explains the schema illustration technique used throughout [ITU-T J.380.x]. Symbols and their meanings are explained within Figure 1. + +![A hierarchical diagram explaining XML Schema notation. It starts with 'AnElement' and branches into 'attributes' (OptionalAttribute, RequiredAttribute, any ##any), a sequence of elements (dotted line symbol), and a choice (curly brace symbol). The sequence branches into OptionalSingleElement, OptionalMultipleElements (0..∞), and OptionalMultipleWithChildren (0..∞). The choice branches into MandatorySingleElement, MandatoryGlobalElement, and any ##other (0..∞).](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +**AnElement** +XML element. The element name is contained within the rectangle. + +**attributes** + +- OptionalAttribute** +Dotted line indicates an optional attribute. +- RequiredAttribute** +Solid line indicates a required attribute. +- any ##any** +Any number of additional attributes from any namespace. This facilitates extensibility. + +**Sequence (dotted line symbol)** +The ellipses symbol indicates a sequence of elements where the elements must follow the order listed (top to bottom). + +- OptionalSingleElement** +The dotted line rectangle indicates an optional element. The absence of a number range below the element indicates a single element. The three lines in the upper left corner indicate a "base" element (i.e., an element that does not have any child elements). +- OptionalMultipleElements** 0..∞ +Values under the element indicate the element repetition counts. The first value is the minimum and the second value is the maximum. When the minimum is set to 0, the element is optional. When the maximum is set to unbounded (unlimited) the infinity symbol appears. +- OptionalMultipleWithChildren** 0..∞ +An optional multiple element with child elements. The plus sign means complex content (i.e., at least one element or attribute child). + +**Choice (curly brace symbol)** +This symbol indicates a choice amongst the listed elements. The choice is one of the N. + +- MandatorySingleElement** +The solid line rectangle indicates a required element. The absence of a number range below the element indicates a single element. +- MandatoryGlobalElement** +The lower left hand arrow means that the element uses a global definition via a reference. Almost all the elements in the schemas are global. Thus, most are included by reference. The plus sign means complex content (i.e., at least one element or attribute child). +- any ##other** 0..∞ +Zero or more elements from any namespace except this namespace may be included. This facilitates extensibility. + +**Choice options:** + +- Choice1** +- Choice2** +- ChoiceN** + +A hierarchical diagram explaining XML Schema notation. It starts with 'AnElement' and branches into 'attributes' (OptionalAttribute, RequiredAttribute, any ##any), a sequence of elements (dotted line symbol), and a choice (curly brace symbol). The sequence branches into OptionalSingleElement, OptionalMultipleElements (0..∞), and OptionalMultipleWithChildren (0..∞). The choice branches into MandatorySingleElement, MandatoryGlobalElement, and any ##other (0..∞). + +Figure 1 – Schema illustration explanation + +# 6 XML namespaces + +This Recommendation uses the prefix '*core*' for the interface associated with this specification's XML namespace URI. This URI shall be used by all implementations applying this Recommendation. Table 1 lists the prefix, the corresponding namespace, and a description of the defining Recommendation. + +**Table 1 – XML namespace declarations** + +| Prefix | Namespace | Description | +|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| core | http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-2/2008a/core | ITU-T J.380.2 (i.e., this document) | +| xsd | http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema | XML foundation. See [XMLSchemaP1]. | + +The namespace is formatted as per the SCTE recommendation and includes the ITU-T J.380 version through the inclusion of a date which may minimally be a specification year identifier. + +## 6.1 Unknown/unrecognized/unsupported XML elements and attributes + +Generally, unknown, unrecognized or unsupported XML elements and attributes contained within ITU-T J.380 messages and elements should be ignored during message processing. Specifically, these are elements or attributes which the implementation does not understand or expect. The logical service should generate an appropriate response message for any element or attribute in this categorization. For example, the return message might contain an informational Note element. Ideally, validation should be utilized to identify and report prohibited constructs through the appropriate mechanisms. Elements and attributes which are prohibited by a namespace should generate an appropriate error response message. + +## 6.2 Element order + +Element order is constrained by the schemas and must be preserved throughout the processing of the XML document. In particular, the order of elements affects the end result of the processing. Consequently, an implementation failing to preserve the order may cause incorrect processing results. Subsequently, the process of producing an abstract XML information set (InfoSet) from a concrete XML document, e.g., by parsing it, shall always result in the same abstract InfoSet, with the same element order per XML InfoSet. (See [XMLInfoSet] for additional information.) Any intermediary processing may enhance the XML document but it shall not alter the abstract InfoSet element order (i.e., the XML elements comprising the document shall stay in document order). + +## 6.3 Language identification + +In document processing, it is often useful to identify the natural or formal language in which the content is written. A special attribute named `xml:lang` may be inserted in documents to specify the language used in the contents and attribute values of any element in an XML document. See [XML] for the allowed values. Typically, the `xml:lang` attribute is utilized with an `xsd:string` type. + +# 7 ITU-T J.380 message basics + +A logical service is a self-contained set of functions accessible via one or more endpoints where each function is accessed via an XML document exchange. An endpoint identifies where a function may be found and consumed and multiple functions may be found at the same endpoint. Endpoint discovery is outside the scope of this Recommendation and may be addressed by [ITU-T J.380.7]. A message is the unit of communication between two logical services. All ITU-T J.380 identified logical services exchange information based on a common XML schema are defined herein. + +The XML document root element for all communication exchanges is a specific form of request, response, notification or acknowledgement element referred to as a message. Communication involves a two-way message exchange of a specific paired message set as illustrated in Figure 2. The possible exchanged message sets shall be either a request/response message pair or a notification/acknowledgement message pair. All other message combinations shall not be allowed. When a request or notification message is received by an ITU-T J.380 logical service, then the appropriately paired response or acknowledgement message shall be returned. + +![Figure 2: Basic communication overview diagram showing two logical services connected by an endpoint. The diagram illustrates two message pairs: Request/Response and Notification/Acknowledgement. The Request and Notification messages are sent from the left logical service to the right logical service via the endpoint. The Response and Acknowledgement messages are sent from the right logical service back to the left logical service via the endpoint. The messages are grouped into dashed boxes labeled 'Message pair'.](c85ded401105f62f2d6ff26b3b5eb4af_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two blue rectangular blocks labeled 'Logical service' on the left and right. A horizontal line with an arrow pointing to the right connects them, labeled 'Endpoint' at the arrowhead. Between the services, there are four green circular icons, each containing a document symbol. These are arranged in a 2x2 grid. The top-left icon is labeled 'Request', the top-right is 'Notification', the bottom-left is 'Response', and the bottom-right is 'Acknowledgement'. The 'Request' and 'Notification' icons are enclosed in a dashed box labeled 'Message pair'. The 'Response' and 'Acknowledgement' icons are also enclosed in a dashed box labeled 'Message pair'. A small label 'J.380.2(11)\_F02' is in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 2: Basic communication overview diagram showing two logical services connected by an endpoint. The diagram illustrates two message pairs: Request/Response and Notification/Acknowledgement. The Request and Notification messages are sent from the left logical service to the right logical service via the endpoint. The Response and Acknowledgement messages are sent from the right logical service back to the left logical service via the endpoint. The messages are grouped into dashed boxes labeled 'Message pair'. + +Figure 2 – Basic communication overview + +Figure 3 illustrates a single logical service may be simultaneously communicating with multiple other logical services. + +![Figure 3: Service channel illustrated diagram showing three logical services on the left communicating with a single logical service on the right. The diagram illustrates three communication paths. The top two paths are labeled 'Endpoint' and show message pairs (Request/Response and Notification/Acknowledgement) being exchanged. The bottom path is labeled 'Service channel' and shows the same message pairs being exchanged. The messages are grouped into dashed boxes labeled 'Message pair'.](df82d77a0d2637cbf2da9ea920a554fa_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows three blue rectangular blocks labeled 'Logical service' stacked vertically on the left. On the right is a single, taller blue rectangular block also labeled 'Logical service'. Three horizontal lines connect the left services to the right service. The top line is labeled 'Endpoint' at both ends. The middle line is also labeled 'Endpoint' at both ends. The bottom line is labeled 'Service channel' in the center. Between the left and right services, there are four green circular icons, each containing a document symbol, arranged in a 2x2 grid. These are labeled 'Request', 'Notification', 'Response', and 'Acknowledgement'. The 'Request' and 'Notification' icons are enclosed in a dashed box labeled 'Message pair'. The 'Response' and 'Acknowledgement' icons are also enclosed in a dashed box labeled 'Message pair'. A small label 'J.380.2(11)\_F03' is in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 3: Service channel illustrated diagram showing three logical services on the left communicating with a single logical service on the right. The diagram illustrates three communication paths. The top two paths are labeled 'Endpoint' and show message pairs (Request/Response and Notification/Acknowledgement) being exchanged. The bottom path is labeled 'Service channel' and shows the same message pairs being exchanged. The messages are grouped into dashed boxes labeled 'Message pair'. + +Figure 3 – Service channel illustrated + +A service channel is the message communication path between two logical services which exists for one of the following durations: the duration marked by the first message of a service registration and ending with the last message of service deregistration or the single request/response message transaction where the messages are permitted outside the registration-established service channel scope. + +Once successfully constructed, the registration-established service channel shall remain active until terminated via deregistration. Normal termination of a service channel shall occur via a deregistration message exchange. Abnormal termination (e.g., a system failure, etc.) may require alternative deregistration mechanisms outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +NOTE – [ITU-T J.380.7] may provide additional details. + +Since an ITU-T J.380 message element is the XML document root element, all ITU-T J.380 messages shall share a common base syntactic structure as defined in the following clauses. + +## 7.1 Common schema for all messages + +All ITU-T J.380 message XML elements shall share a common attribute definition though individual messages may contain additional attributes. Refer to the individual message schemas for specific details. Figure 4 illustrates the ITU-T J.380 message common attribute schema. + +![Figure 4 – ITU-T J.380 message common attribute schema diagram](9cd90f495b95ad2116ff780248c26d95_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the common attribute schema for ITU-T J.380 messages. It shows a hierarchical structure starting with 'MsgBaseAttrs' on the left, which points to a box containing 'attributes'. Inside this box is a group labeled 'grp Msg\_BaseAttrsType'. This group contains four attributes: 'messageId' (described as 'Unique message element identifier.'), 'version' (described as 'Assigned specification part version number.'), 'identity' (described as 'Logical service source identifier.'), and 'system' (described as 'Message origin identifier.' and enclosed in a dashed box). Below the group, a note states 'Common attributes required by all message elements.'. + +Figure 4 – ITU-T J.380 message common attribute schema diagram + +Figure 4 – ITU-T J.380 message common attribute schema + +A single ITU-T J.380 message shall be identifiable via its `@messageId` attribute. The individual ITU-T J.380 message specification version shall be identified via the `@version` attribute. The logical service message origin shall be specified using the `@identity` attribute and a further refinement may be provided via the `@system` attribute. + +### 7.1.1 Semantic definitions for the ITU-T J.380 message common attributes + +**`@messageId` [Required, messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. Every ITU-T J.380 message instance shall have a service channel unique value. The `@messageId` should be a universally unique identifier as defined by [b-IETF RFC 4122]. See clause 9.2.4 for additional information. + +**`@version` [Required, versionAttrType]** – The ITU-T J.380 message specification version number. The value shall be specified by the individual ITU-T J.380 specification parts. For all messages defined herein, the value shall be "1.1". See clause 9.2.9 for the attribute's type definition. + +**`@identity` [Required, identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. A globally unique identifier associated with the logical service. See clause 9.2.1 for additional information. + +**`@system` [Optional, systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See clause 9.2.8 for additional information. + +## 7.2 Request and notification messages base schema + +Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the ITU-T J.380 request and notification messages base schema. + +![Diagram of the Request message base schema (Msg_RequestBaseType).](2b3a967f6ce4f23649be995a353e39f8_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **Msg\_RequestBaseType** (Common request message attributes). It is composed of two main parts: **attributes** and **InitiatorData**. + +The **attributes** section is a group named **grp Msg\_ReqNotifyBaseAttrsType**, which contains the following elements: + +- messageId**: Unique message element identifier. +- version**: Assigned specification part version number. +- identity**: Logical service source identifier. +- system**: Message origin identifier. +- resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + +Below the attributes group, a note indicates: "Common attributes on all request/notification message elements." + +The **InitiatorData** element is described as: "Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message." + +Diagram of the Request message base schema (Msg\_RequestBaseType). + +Figure 5 – Request message base schema + +![Figure 6 – Notification message base schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the Msg_NotificationBaseType. It has an 'attributes' section containing a group 'grp Msg_ReqNotifyBaseAttrsType' with attributes: messageId (Unique message element identifier), version (Assigned specification part version number), identity (Logical service source identifier), system (Message origin identifier), and resend (Message retransmission identifier). Below the attributes is an 'InitiatorData' element (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the acknowledgement message).](b6671cfafda3820aafe9a24fa7a4d8c7_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph LR + subgraph Msg_NotificationBaseType [Msg_NotificationBaseType] + direction TB + A[Common notification message attributes.] --- B[attributes] + B --- C[grp Msg_ReqNotifyBaseAttrsType] + C --- D[messageId] + D --- D1[Unique message element identifier.] + C --- E[version] + E --- E1[Assigned specification part version number.] + C --- F[identity] + F --- F1[Logical service source identifier.] + C --- G[system] + G --- G1[Message origin identifier.] + C --- H[resend] + H --- H1[Message retransmission identifier.] + C --- I[Common attributes on all request/notification message elements.] + B --- J[InitiatorData] + J --- J1[Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the acknowledgement message.] + end + +``` + +Figure 6 – Notification message base schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the Msg\_NotificationBaseType. It has an 'attributes' section containing a group 'grp Msg\_ReqNotifyBaseAttrsType' with attributes: messageId (Unique message element identifier), version (Assigned specification part version number), identity (Logical service source identifier), system (Message origin identifier), and resend (Message retransmission identifier). Below the attributes is an 'InitiatorData' element (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the acknowledgement message). + +Figure 6 – Notification message base schema + +### 7.2.1 Semantic definitions for the request and notification messages base schema + +**@messageId [Required, messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@version [Required, versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, resendAttrType]** – The message identifier of a previously sent original message (i.e., the @messageId of a previous message) for which this message is a retransmit. See clauses 7.4.7 and 9.2.7 for additional information. + +**InitiatorData [Optional]** – The InitiatorData element contains implementation specific private data. If the element is present in the request or notification message, the corresponding response or acknowledgement message shall include an exact copy of the original element. Figure 9 illustrates the linkage. If the InitiatorData element is omitted from the original request or notification message, the element shall not be present in the corresponding response or acknowledgement message. See clause 9.14 for additional information. + +## 7.3 Response and acknowledgement messages base schema + +Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the ITU-T J.380 response and acknowledgement messages base schema. + +![Diagram of the Response message base schema (Msg_ResponseBaseType).](c5655e700cc3e9aac7e9f4f07f30264d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **Msg\_ResponseBaseType**. It is a hierarchical schema diagram. + +- Msg\_ResponseBaseType** (Common response message attributes and elements.) + - attributes** + - grp Msg\_RespAckBaseAttrsType** + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + +Common attributes on all response/acknowledgement message elements. + - InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. + - StatusCode**: Request processing status code. + +Diagram of the Response message base schema (Msg\_ResponseBaseType). + +Figure 7 – Response message base schema + +![Figure 8 – Acknowledgement message base schema. This is a UML class diagram showing the structure of acknowledgement messages. The base class is 'Msg_AcknowledgementBaseType', described as 'Common acknowledgement message attributes and elements.' It has an inheritance relationship with 'grp Msg_RespAckBaseAttrsType', which is a group of attributes: 'messageId' (Unique message element identifier), 'version' (Assigned specification part version number), 'identity' (Logical service source identifier), 'system' (Message origin identifier, optional), and 'messageRef' (Reference to original message). A note indicates these are 'Common attributes on all response/acknowledgement message elements.' Below the base class, there is a composition relationship with 'InitiatorData' (Private data returned by the notification message recipient if present in the original notification message, optional) and 'StatusCode' (Notification processing status code, optional).](e69b9188aa2c14ec6b21c83f711fef65_img.jpg) + +Figure 8 – Acknowledgement message base schema. This is a UML class diagram showing the structure of acknowledgement messages. The base class is 'Msg\_AcknowledgementBaseType', described as 'Common acknowledgement message attributes and elements.' It has an inheritance relationship with 'grp Msg\_RespAckBaseAttrsType', which is a group of attributes: 'messageId' (Unique message element identifier), 'version' (Assigned specification part version number), 'identity' (Logical service source identifier), 'system' (Message origin identifier, optional), and 'messageRef' (Reference to original message). A note indicates these are 'Common attributes on all response/acknowledgement message elements.' Below the base class, there is a composition relationship with 'InitiatorData' (Private data returned by the notification message recipient if present in the original notification message, optional) and 'StatusCode' (Notification processing status code, optional). + +Figure 8 – Acknowledgement message base schema + +### 7.3.1 Semantic definitions for the response and acknowledgement messages base schema + +@messageId [Required, messageIdAttrType] – The message identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +@version [Required, versionAttrType] – The message specification version. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +@identity [Required, identityAttrType] – The origin logical service identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +@system [Optional, systemAttrType] – The message source identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +@messageRef [Required, messageRefAttrType] – An attribute in all response and acknowledgement messages which references the paired request or notification message. The attribute's value is the request or notification message's @messageId attribute value from the paired ITU-T J.380 message. See clause 9.2.5 for additional information. Figure 9 illustrates the linkage. + +![Figure 9: @messageRef and InitiatorData paired message linkage diagram. The diagram shows two message types: Msg_RequestBaseType and Msg_ResponseBaseType. Msg_RequestBaseType has attributes: messageid, version, identity, system, and resend. Msg_ResponseBaseType has attributes: messageid, version, identity, system, and messageRef. Both types have an InitiatorData element. A blue arrow points from the InitiatorData element in the response message to the messageid attribute in the request message. Another blue arrow points from the InitiatorData element in the request message to the InitiatorData element in the response message.](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the linkage between a request message and a response message. On the left, the **Msg\_RequestBaseType** is shown with its attributes: **messageid** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), and **resend** (Message retransmission identifier). It also includes an **InitiatorData** element (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message). On the right, the **Msg\_ResponseBaseType** is shown with its attributes: **messageid** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), and **messageRef** (Reference to original message). It also includes an **InitiatorData** element (Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message) and a **StatusCode** element (Request processing status code). A blue arrow points from the **InitiatorData** element in the response message to the **messageid** attribute in the request message. Another blue arrow points from the **InitiatorData** element in the request message to the **InitiatorData** element in the response message. + +Figure 9: @messageRef and InitiatorData paired message linkage diagram. The diagram shows two message types: Msg\_RequestBaseType and Msg\_ResponseBaseType. Msg\_RequestBaseType has attributes: messageid, version, identity, system, and resend. Msg\_ResponseBaseType has attributes: messageid, version, identity, system, and messageRef. Both types have an InitiatorData element. A blue arrow points from the InitiatorData element in the response message to the messageid attribute in the request message. Another blue arrow points from the InitiatorData element in the request message to the InitiatorData element in the response message. + +**Figure 9 – @messageRef and InitiatorData paired message linkage** + +**InitiatorData [Optional]** – The InitiatorData element shall be present if the initiating request or notification message contained the element and the element shall be an exact copy of the original element (i.e., the element is being echoed back). Figure 9 illustrates the linkage. If the InitiatorData element is omitted from the original request or notification message then the element shall not be present in the corresponding response or acknowledgement message. See clause 9.14 for additional information. + +**StatusCode [Required]** – An applicable processing status code. See clause 9.19 for additional information. + +## 7.4 ITU-T J.380 message characterizations + +### 7.4.1 Transport mechanisms + +ITU-T J.380 requires a reliable transport for delivery of all messages. This document does not define the specific mechanism or protocol for transporting messages nor does it restrict the choice of transport mechanisms in any way. + +NOTE – [ITU-T J.380.7] is expected to define the transport details. + +ITU-T J.380 does not expressly require, prohibit, or mandate that a message exchange occurs directly between two ITU-T J.380 logical services. Messages may be passed and/or routed through intermediaries as long as such activity does not compromise the ITU-T J.380 message specification defined herein or any other ITU-T J.380 specification part. + +When there is an intermediary system between a pair of logical services, such as illustrated in Figure 10, there shall be two independent service channels. One service channel shall exist between the original requesting system and the intermediary; the second service channel shall exist between the intermediary and the original responding system. The actions taken within the intermediary system are outside the scope of this Recommendation and there is no relationship between the two service channels within the context of this Recommendation (i.e., this Recommendation does not impose restrictions or constraints on the actions taken by the intermediary outside of the service + +channels). However, the intermediary shall ensure that each service channel follows the specification requirements. + +![Diagram of Intermediary logical service showing Requesting system, Intermediary, and Responding system connected via service channels.](73b5cce955ba9415a98791db7b0080ad_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between three entities: a Requesting system, an Intermediary, and a Responding system. Each entity is represented by a box containing a 'Logical service' component. The Requesting system's logical service is connected to the Intermediary's logical service via a 'Service channel' labeled 'Scope of ITU-T J.380.x'. The Intermediary's logical service is then connected to the Responding system's logical service via another 'Service channel' also labeled 'Scope of ITU-T J.380.x'. The Intermediary box contains two 'Logical service' components, one on each side of the central connection. The diagram is labeled 'J.380.2(11)\_F10' in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram of Intermediary logical service showing Requesting system, Intermediary, and Responding system connected via service channels. + +**Figure 10 – Intermediary logical service** + +### 7.4.2 Message order + +This document does not define any mechanisms for sending or processing messages in a specific order. It is the responsibility of the message sending system and the selected transport to send them in such a manner as to facilitate processing in an appropriate order. + +NOTE – [ITU-T J.380.7] is expected to define transport details. + +### 7.4.3 Multiple messages + +As supported by the transport protocol, a message initiator or message respondent may have multiple messages to the same logical service endpoint outstanding or in transit simultaneously. Consequently, there may be multiple messages "in flight" concurrently. + +NOTE – [ITU-T J.380.7] is expected to define the transport details. + +### 7.4.4 Message timeliness + +This document does not specify a maximum response or acknowledgement time limit. [ITU-T J.380.7] may specify a transport specific timeout value. Though a reliable transport is required by J.DPI-ASI, implementations should be prepared to handle the case when no paired response or acknowledgement message returns in a timely manner. Subsequent error behaviour and recovery is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### 7.4.5 Message specification versioning + +The specific ITU-T J.380 Recommendation version for an ITU-T J.380 message shall be identified as a combination of both the ITU-T J.380 part specific XML namespace (which contains a revision date identifier) and the ITU-T J.380 message's @version attribute. Using this identification schema, forward compatible transforms may be defined in order to facilitate future specification compatibility. + +### 7.4.6 Message error handling + +This document defines a single mechanism for communicating request or notification message processing errors via the appropriate paired response message. The paired response or acknowledgment message describes the original message processing result which includes message handling, execution, and processing. The result is supplied via the StatusCode element and it may specify one or more errors, warnings, or informational descriptions via the Note elements. + +In the case of an error in the response or acknowledgement message, the response or acknowledgement message receiver may optionally use the service status message exchange (i.e., ServiceStatusNotification and ServiceStatusAcknowledgement) to inform the response/acknowledgment sender of an error (for example a malformed response or acknowledgement message). The response/acknowledgement message receiver is not required to inform the sender of an error. + +Additionally, alternate reporting mechanisms may be defined by the individual Recommendation parts for specific cases (such as ITU-T J.380.3 PlacementStatusNotification message). Refer to the individual Recommendations for additional information. + +Asynchronous or unsolicited event reporting (including error, warning, or informational events) not occurring as the direct result of request or notification message processing shall be signalled using the service status message exchange (i.e., a ServiceStatusNotification and ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message transaction). + +### 7.4.7 High availability and message retransmission + +Every logical service endpoint shall adhere to and implement the capabilities described in this clause in support of intra-service high availability (HA) regardless of whether or not the endpoint implements a high availability feature set. By mandating support of these capabilities, the specification enables HA and non-HA implementations to interoperate. + +Every message shall support an optional, opaque InitiatorData element. (See clause 9.14 for additional information on the InitiatorData element.) The InitiatorData element may be used to carry arbitrary data which shall be populated by the sender of the request or notification message and echoed back by the respondent in the corresponding response or acknowledgment message. The respondent's InitiatorData element shall be an exact copy of the InitiatorData element from the corresponding request or notification message when present in the paired message. The respondent shall include the InitiatorData element in any response or acknowledgement message where the corresponding request or notification message contained an InitiatorData element. + +A request or notification message may contain an @resend attribute, which indicates that this message is a retransmission of a previous message. The @resend attribute value shall contain the originally transmitted message's @messageId attribute value. See clause 9.2.7 for additional information on the @resend attribute. The retransmitted response or acknowledgement message shall have its @messageRef attribute set to the retransmitted request or notification message's @messageId attribute value and this attribute shall not be set to the @resend attribute value (i.e., the paired response message's @messageRef shall always be the @messageId attribute value of its paired mate). + +The following clauses describe the message initiator and message respondent capabilities and constraints. + +#### 7.4.7.1 Message initiator + +The message pair initiator shall be responsible for determining the appropriate course of action should the message pair's response or acknowledgement message not be received by the initiator in a timely manner. The definition of "received in a timely manner" is implementation dependent and outside the scope of this Recommendation. Typically, the initiator may choose between the following two actions if the response or acknowledgement message is not received: + +- Retransmit the request or notification message (Figure 11) + +The initiator shall retransmit the request or notification message after an implementation dependent timeout. The request or notification message's @resend attribute shall contain the original message's @messageId attribute value for which this message is a retransmission. This attribute's presence in combination with its value allows for resend detection and correlation by the recipient. The other elements of the retransmitted message should be the same, but may differ due to changes in the initiator between the original transmission and the subsequent re-transmission (e.g., initiator failover, time elapsing, etc.). The message recipient's response is implementation specific and outside the scope of this Recommendation. However, some behavioural constraints and possible implementation choices are outlined in clause 7.4.7.2. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating an example resend message sequence between a Sender and a Receiver. The sequence starts with a Request @messageId=1 from Sender to Receiver, followed by a Response @messageRef=1 from Receiver to Sender. Then, a Request @messageId=2 is sent from Sender to Receiver. The Receiver attempts to send a Response @messageRef=2, but it is lost, indicated by an 'X' on the Sender's lifeline. The Sender then retransmits the request as Request @messageId=3 @resend=2. The Receiver receives this and sends a Response @messageRef=3 back to the Sender. The diagram is labeled J.380.2(11)_F11 at the bottom right.](cbdfdade780e677eb1c1aef3081ce9ef_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Sender + participant Receiver + Note right of Receiver: J.380.2(11)_F11 + Sender->>Receiver: Request @messageId=1 + Receiver-->>Sender: Response @messageRef=1 + Sender->>Receiver: Request @messageId=2 + Receiver-->>Sender: Response @messageRef=2 + Note left of Sender: X (lost) + Sender->>Receiver: Request @messageId=3 @resend=2 + Receiver-->>Sender: Response @messageRef=3 + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating an example resend message sequence between a Sender and a Receiver. The sequence starts with a Request @messageId=1 from Sender to Receiver, followed by a Response @messageRef=1 from Receiver to Sender. Then, a Request @messageId=2 is sent from Sender to Receiver. The Receiver attempts to send a Response @messageRef=2, but it is lost, indicated by an 'X' on the Sender's lifeline. The Sender then retransmits the request as Request @messageId=3 @resend=2. The Receiver receives this and sends a Response @messageRef=3 back to the Sender. The diagram is labeled J.380.2(11)\_F11 at the bottom right. + +**Figure 11 – Example resend message sequence** + +- Abandon the request or notification message + +The initiator shall behave as if the message was never sent. The initiator shall be responsible for handling any subsequent messages for the abandoned message pair including, if necessary, initiating additional message pair(s) to signal the abandonment upon receipt of a message corresponding to the abandoned message pair. + +For example, an ADM sends an adm:PlacementRequest message and the ADS responds with an adm:PlacementResponse message. The ADM does not receive the adm:PlacementResponse message and subsequently decides to abandon the placement operation. The ADM, as part of its abandonment processing, should send an adm:PlacementStatusNotification indicating termination (i.e., send an "endAll"). However before the ADM completes the abandonment signaling, the ADS sends an adm:PlacementUpdateNotification message to the ADM referring to the abandoned adm:PlacementRequest message. The ADM should respond with a status of success as the "endAll" notifies the ADS of the abandonment. + +#### 7.4.7.2 Message respondent + +Each logical service endpoint shall support receipt of a retransmitted request or notification message when functioning as the respondent in a logical service pair. Upon detection of a retransmitted request or notification message via the @resend attributes presence, the respondent shall transmit the proper implementation specific response applicable to the received retransmission message. (Possible meanings for the phrase "proper implementation specific response" are covered in subsequent paragraphs herein.) + +The respondent's retransmit message processing shall not cause the respondent to maintain two or more states – one for the original message and one for each received retransmitted message. (In this case, state means data within the respondent directly related to the request or notification message processing.) The respondent shall not initiate a new state if a previous state exists, but rather replace or update the existing state based on processing the received request or notification message. The key requirement is that any state maintained by the respondent from the original message processing shall be replaced or updated by the state resulting from subsequent processing of the retransmitted request or notification message. + +More specific handling of a retransmitted message is outside the scope of this Recommendation; however, some of the possible choices include: + +- Existing state not found by the respondent, return error with the StatusCode element's @detail attribute having a value "unknown message reference." +- Existing state not found by the respondent. Treat the message as a new request or notification message and process it accordingly including sending the appropriate response or acknowledgement message. + +- Existing state found, update or replace the state based on processing of the retransmitted request or notification message and return the appropriate equivalent processed response or acknowledgment message. The retransmitted response or acknowledgement message should be similar to, but shall not be required to be an exact copy of the original response or acknowledgement message. Changes in the retransmitted request or notification message and/or changes in the respondent may cause a different response or acknowledgment message to be produced. +- For example, the receipt of a retransmitted adm:PlacementRequest message results in the transmission of an adm:PlacementResponse message appropriate to the received adm:PlacementRequest message's contents. The new adm:PlacementResponse message should be similar to, but is not be required to be, an exact copy of the original adm:PlacementResponse message. In particular, it should be noted that the resent adm:PlacementRequest message may not be an exact copy of the original and thus, may require a different adm:PlacementResponse and/or the state of the respondent may have changed requiring a change in the adm:PlacementResponse message. In all cases, the adm:PlacementResponse message shall be valid in the context of the retransmitted adm:PlacementRequest. Again, the key requirement is that any state maintained by the respondent from the original adm:PlacementRequest message shall be replaced or updated by the state resulting from processing the retransmitted adm:PlacementRequest message. +- Existing state found, remove state and return error with the StatusCode element's @detail attribute having a value "resend forced abandonment." + +In the case of an error return (i.e., the StatusCode element's @statusCode attribute is set to error and the @detail attribute is set to one of the above values or an appropriate value from Table A.1), the respondent shall not maintain any state related to either the original or the retransmitted message. The message initiator, upon receipt of the previously referenced error codes, shall abandon further attempts to retransmit the message and shall consider the message exchange in error. Thus, both the message initiator and the message respondent are in sync since neither has state related to the original or retransmitted messages. + +### 7.4.8 List registration + +For [ITU-T J.380.x], the list registration function shall always return the active or accepted registration message(s) which may be a retransmitted version of the original registration message. The list function respondent shall not be required to return an exact or identical copy of the original registration message (i.e., the returned data shall not be required to be an exact copy of the "on the wire" registration message). The list function respondent may return a syntactically and semantically valid recoded version of the original registration message. The re-coded message, which shall be returned as an element in the list registration response message, shall include all the original information including all present attributes and/or elements and all elements contained within the Ext element. The returned message element may optionally include XML style comments from the active registration message. + +Registration messages shall always be referenced by the original registration message's @messageId attribute (i.e., the lookup identifier shall always be the original message's @messageId attribute value which in a retransmitted registration message shall be the @resend attribute's value). When identifying a specific message via the @registrationRef attribute in the list registration and unregister functions, the @registrationRef attribute's value shall always be the original registration message's @messageId attribute value. Thus, the same identifier shall be used for all functions regardless of retransmission processing. + +## 7.5 Addressing + +[ITU-T J.380.x] uses common, well-defined address formats whenever possible. The following clauses describe these formats. + +### 7.5.1 Internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) address + +An Internet protocol (IP) version 4 address shall conform to the format and characteristics as defined by [IETF RFC 3986]. Typically, the address is represented in dot decimal notation (also known as dotted quad notation, i.e., nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn). Figure 12 illustrates a few valid instances. + +``` +A basic IPv4 address. +171.70.222.82 + +An IPv4 address in a URL. +http://171.70.22.82 +``` + +**Figure 12 – Example 1** + +### 7.5.2 Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) address + +An Internet protocol (IP) version 6 address shall conform to the format and characteristics as defined by [IETF RFC 3986]. Typically, the address is written as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits having the form of xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx, where each x represents a single hex character of the 128-bit address. As per [IETF RFC 3986], use of the standard "::" may be used to suppress repeating zeros. Figure 13 illustrates a few valid instances. See [IETF RFC 3986] for additional examples. + +``` +A basic IPv4 address. +171.70.222.82 + +An IPv4 address in a URL. +http://171.70.22.82 +The following 6 addresses are all equivalent. +2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:0000:1428:57ab +2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000::1428:57ab +2001:0db8:0:0:0:0:1428:57ab +2001:0db8:0:0::1428:57ab +2001:0db8::1428:57ab +2001:db8::1428:57ab + +An IPv6 address in a URL. (Note the required brackets around the IPv6 address.) +http://\[2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344\] +``` + +**Figure 13 – Example 2** + +### 7.5.3 IPv4 and IPv6 port identifier + +An IPv4 or an IPv6 address may optionally include a port identifier as part of the address. Port identification shall conform to the format and characteristics as defined by IETF RFC 3986. See [IETF RFC 3986] for additional details. The individual specifications shall indicate if a port value is optional or required as appropriate. Figure 14 illustrates a few valid instances. + +``` + +An Ipv4 address with a port identifier. +171.70.222.82:8080 + +An Ipv4 address in a URL that includes a port identifier. +http://171.70.222.82:8080 + +An Ipv4 address in a URL that includes a port identifier and an endpoint. +http://64.13.147.67:8080/J.DPI-ASI/index.jsp + +An Ipv6 address with a port identifier. +[2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344]:443 + +An Ipv6 address included in a URL that includes a port identifier. +https://\[2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344\]:443 + +An Ipv6 address included in a URL that includes a port identifier and an endpoint. +https://\[2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344\]:443/J.DPI-ASI/index.jsp + +``` + +**Figure 14 – Example 3** + +### 7.5.4 IEEE media access control (MAC) address + +A 6 byte IEEE MAC address shall conform to the format and characteristics of hexadecimal representation as per [IEEE 802]. See [IEEE 802] for the hexadecimal representation definition and additional information. The value format is xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx, where each x represents a single hex character (0 through 9 and 'A' through 'F' or 'a' through 'f'). The uppercase hexadecimal digits 'A' through 'F' are equivalent to the lowercase digits 'a' through 'f', respectively. Each pair of hex characters, which represent an octet, are separated by a hyphen. + +NOTE – The required separator shall be a hyphen and shall not be a colon as per [IEEE 802]. + +Leading zeros shall not be omitted. Figure 15 illustrates a few valid instances. + +``` + +The following four MAC addresses are all equivalent. +08-00-69-02-01-FC +08-00-69-02-01-fc +08-00-69-02-01-Fc +08-00-69-02-01-fC + +``` + +**Figure 15 – Example 4** + +# 8 ITU-T J.380.2 messages + +Table 2 identifies the ITU-T J.380.2 messages defined herein that shall be supported and implemented by all ITU-T J.380 logical services. + +**Table 2 – ITU-T J.380.2 messages** + +| Message | Description | +|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| ServiceCheckRequest | Request for peer or endpoint health | +| ServiceCheckResponse | Response containing current health state | +| ServiceStatusNotification | Event notification | +| ServiceStatusAcknowledgement | Event notification receipt and processing confirmation | + +## 8.1 Service check messages + +Any ITU-T J.380 logical service may check on its peer's or an endpoint's health by sending a ServiceCheckRequest message at any time. The ServiceCheckRequest message may be sent to any endpoint declared in a Callback element using an Address element. The respondent shall return a ServiceCheckResponse message providing its operational status using the StatusCode element. Additional descriptive information may be supplied using the Note elements of the StatusCode element. Figure 16 illustrates this message exchange. + +![Sequence diagram showing the service check message exchange between a Sender and a Receiver.](fa01531ea2c45beeb4036005da3037a4_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant Sender + participant Receiver + Note right of Receiver: J.380.2(11)_F16 + Sender->>Receiver: ServiceCheckRequest + Receiver-->>Sender: ServiceCheckResponse +``` + +The diagram illustrates a message exchange between a Sender and a Receiver. The Sender sends a ServiceCheckRequest message to the Receiver, and the Receiver responds with a ServiceCheckResponse message. The diagram is labeled J.380.2(11)\_F16. + +Sequence diagram showing the service check message exchange between a Sender and a Receiver. + +**Figure 16 – Service check message exchange** + +A ServiceCheckRequest may be sent to any endpoint at any time including during an active registration request (i.e., the message may be sent to any endpoint declared using an Address element in the Callback element). Thus, any logical service registering with another logical service using the ITU-T J.380 part-specific registration process shall be prepared to receive the ServiceCheckRequest message and to respond with a ServiceCheckResponse message. The ServiceCheckRequest and ServiceCheckResponse message schemas are defined in the following clauses. + +### 8.1.1 ServiceCheckRequest message schema + +Figure 17 illustrates the ServiceCheckRequest message schema. + +![Figure 17 – ServiceCheckRequest message schema. The diagram shows the ServiceCheckRequest message element and its corresponding ServiceCheckRequestType. The ServiceCheckRequest element is a box on the left with the text 'Service check request message element.' A line connects it to the ServiceCheckRequestType box on the right. The ServiceCheckRequestType box is yellow and contains an 'attributes' section with messageId, version, identity, system, resend, and any ##any. Below the attributes section are two optional elements: InitiatorData (described as 'Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message.') and Ext (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.').](c494cd874a082a97b50b3c4d3938f467_img.jpg) + +**ServiceCheckRequest** +Service check request message element. + +**ServiceCheckRequestType** + +- attributes** + - messageId** +Unique message element identifier. + - version** +Assigned specification part version number. + - identity** +Logical service source identifier. + - system** +Message origin identifier. + - resend** +Message retransmission identifier. + - any ##any** +- InitiatorData** +Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. +- Ext** +Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Figure 17 – ServiceCheckRequest message schema. The diagram shows the ServiceCheckRequest message element and its corresponding ServiceCheckRequestType. The ServiceCheckRequest element is a box on the left with the text 'Service check request message element.' A line connects it to the ServiceCheckRequestType box on the right. The ServiceCheckRequestType box is yellow and contains an 'attributes' section with messageId, version, identity, system, resend, and any ##any. Below the attributes section are two optional elements: InitiatorData (described as 'Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message.') and Ext (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.'). + +Figure 17 – ServiceCheckRequest message schema + +The ServiceCheckRequest message may be an empty element. + +#### 8.1.1.1 Semantic definitions for the ServiceCheckRequest message + +**@messageId [Required, messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@version [Required, versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, resendAttrType]** – The message is a retransmit of a previous message identified by the supplied message identifier. See clause 7.2.1 for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**InitiatorData [Optional]** – The InitiatorData element contains implementation specific private data which shall be returned in the ServiceCheckResponse message. See clause 7.2.1 for additional information. + +**Ext [Optional]** – A container for any additional elements from any namespace. See clause 9.12 for additional information. + +### 8.1.2 ServiceCheckResponse message schema + +Figure 18 below illustrates the ServiceCheckResponse element schema sent following the reception and processing of a ServiceCheckRequest message. + +![ServiceCheckResponse message schema diagram](e05b36c0d46549e681ce6581422c66b2_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the **ServiceCheckResponse** message schema. It is composed of a **ServiceCheckResponse** element (labeled as the 'Service check response message element.') which contains a **ServiceCheckResponseType** (highlighted in a yellow box). The **ServiceCheckResponseType** is defined by its **attributes** and its **children**. + +**Attributes:** + +- messageId**: Unique message element identifier. +- version**: Assigned specification part version number. +- identity**: Logical service source identifier. +- system**: Message origin identifier. +- messageRef**: Reference to original message. +- any ##any**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +**Children:** + +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +ServiceCheckResponse message schema diagram + +Figure 18 – ServiceCheckResponse message schema + +#### 8.1.2.1 Semantic definitions for the ServiceCheckResponse message + +**@messageId [Required, messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@version [Required, versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ITU-T J.380 ServiceCheckRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ServiceCheckRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See clause 7.3.1 for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**InitiatorData [Optional]** – The InitiatorData element shall be an exact copy of the ServiceCheckRequest message's InitiatorData element and shall only be present if found in the paired request message. See clause 7.3.1 for additional information. + +**StatusCode [Required]** – An applicable processing status code specific to the ServiceCheckRequest message processing. See clause 9.19 for additional information. The StatusCode element shall contain the service health status. + +**Ext [Optional]** – A container for any additional elements from any namespace. See clause 9.12 for additional information. + +### 8.1.3 Service check message examples + +A ServiceCheckRequest message (Figure 19) with a positive (i.e., success) ServiceCheckResponse message (Figure 20). + +A negative ServiceCheckResponse message (Figure 21) assuming the same request message as Example 5. + +``` + +``` + +**Figure 19 – Example 5** + +``` + + + +``` + +**Figure 20 – Example 6** + +``` + + + Warning. Network connection lost. + Lost contact with the Content Information Service (CIS). + + +``` + +**Figure 21 – Example 7** + +A ServiceCheckRequest message (Figure 22) with a positive (i.e., success) ServiceCheckResponse message (Figure 23) illustrating the InitiatorData elements inclusion. + +``` + + Hidden secrets. + +``` + +**Figure 22 – Example 8** + +``` + + Hidden secrets. + + +``` + +**Figure 23 – Example 9** + +## 8.2 Service status messages + +Any ITU-T J.380 logical service may at any time notify its peers of a status or health change by sending a ServiceStatusNotification message. The respondent shall return a ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message indicating notification message receipt and providing a message processing status. Additional descriptive information may be supplied using Note elements in either message. Figure 24 illustrates this message exchange. + +![Sequence diagram showing ServiceStatusNotification and ServiceStatusAcknowledgement exchange between Sender and Receiver.](8658cfab6a458b4a80ab2e384c61ff89_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant Sender + participant Receiver + Note right of Receiver: J.380.2(11)_F24 + Sender->>Receiver: ServiceStatusNotification + Receiver-->>Sender: ServiceStatusAcknowledgement +``` + +Sequence diagram showing ServiceStatusNotification and ServiceStatusAcknowledgement exchange between Sender and Receiver. + +**Figure 24 – Service status message exchange** + +The ServiceStatusNotification message provides a mechanism which minimally does the following: + +- Provides unsolicited informational status +- Facilitates general event notification + +The following clauses illustrate the service status message schemas. + +### 8.2.1 ServiceStatusNotification message schema + +Figure 25 illustrates the ServiceStatusNotification message's schema. + +![ServiceStatusNotification message schema diagram showing attributes and elements.](f9c64800d9bace9b4315646d1057be3c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the **ServiceStatusNotification** message schema. It is divided into two main parts: the message element itself and its type definition, **ServiceStatusNotificationType**. + +- ServiceStatusNotification** (Service status notification message element): + - attributes**: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - any ##any**: Any namespace elements. + - InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the acknowledgement message. + - StatusCode**: Notification interpretation identifier. + - Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +ServiceStatusNotification message schema diagram showing attributes and elements. + +**Figure 25 – ServiceStatusNotification message schema** + +The ServiceStatusNotification message may be sent at any time facilitating unsolicited notifications. For example, notifications might include low disk space, a catastrophic hardware failure, or loss of communication with a separate subsystem such as the CIS. One or more Note elements may be included in the message providing detailed description text applicable to the supplied StatusCode element. + +#### 8.2.1.1 Semantic definitions for the ServiceStatusNotification message + +**@messageId [Required, messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@version [Required, versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, resendAttrType]** – The message is a retransmit of a previous message identified by the supplied message identifier. See clause 7.2.1 for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**InitiatorData [Optional]** – The InitiatorData element contains implementation specific private data which shall be returned in the ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message. See clause 7.2.1 for additional information. + +**StatusCode [Required]** – An applicable notification status code specific to the ServiceStatusNotification message. See clause 9.19 for additional information. + +**Ext [Optional]** – A container for any additional elements from any namespace. See clause 9.12 for additional information. + +### 8.2.2 ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message schema + +Figure 26 illustrates the ServiceStatusAcknowledgement element schema sent following the reception and processing of a ServiceStatusNotification message. + +![ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message schema diagram](315bdbeafb39026e19b77c26b19d9d1f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the **ServiceStatusAcknowledgement** message schema. It is titled **ServiceStatusAcknowledgementType** and is enclosed in a dashed yellow box. On the left, a box labeled **ServiceStatusAcknowledgement** contains the text "Service status acknowledgement message element." and is connected to the main schema box. Inside the main box, the **attributes** section is a solid box containing the following elements: **messageId** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), **messageRef** (Reference to original message), and **any ##any** (Any additional attribute from any namespace). Below the attributes section, there are three elements: **InitiatorData** (Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the notification message recipient if present in the original notification message), **StatusCode** (Notification processing status code), and **Ext** (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). The **InitiatorData** and **Ext** elements are shown with dashed boxes and plus signs, indicating they are optional. The **StatusCode** element is shown with a solid box and a plus sign, indicating it is required. Lines with small circles at the ends connect the **ServiceStatusAcknowledgement** box to the **InitiatorData**, **StatusCode**, and **Ext** elements. + +ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message schema diagram + +Figure 26 – ServiceStatusAcknowledgement message schema + +#### 8.2.2.1 Semantic Definitions for the ServiceStatusAcknowledgement Message + +**@messageId [Required, messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@version [Required, versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See clause 7.1.1 for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ITU-T J.380 ServiceStatusNotification message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ServiceStatusNotification message's @messageId attribute value. See clause 7.3.1 for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**InitiatorData [Optional]** – The InitiatorData element shall be an exact copy of the ServiceStatusNotification message's InitiatorData element and shall only be present if found in the paired notification message. See clause 7.3.1 for additional information. + +**StatusCode [Required]** – An applicable status code specific to the ServiceStatusNotification message processing. See clause 9.19 for additional information. + +**Ext [Optional]** – A container for any additional elements from any namespace. See clause 9.12 for additional information. + +### 8.2.3 Service status message examples + +A notification (Figure 27) and an acknowledgement (Figure 28) message sequence. + +An error notification message (Figure 29) and an acknowledgement message (Figure 30). + +``` + + + Information. + Low disk space. + + +``` + +Figure 27 – Example 10 + +``` + + + +``` + +Figure 28 – Example 11 + +``` + + + + Disk failure. + The system is going down now. Bye-bye. + + + +``` + +**Figure 29 – Example 12** + +``` + + + + + +``` + +**Figure 30 – Example 13** + +# 9 ITU-T J.380 core attribute types and elements + +The following clauses define the ITU-T J.380 core types including common attribute types and element definitions which may appear in any ITU-T J.380 XML element definition. The common attribute definitions may be utilized by any element including the root message elements. + +## 9.1 Semantic definitions for ITU-T J.380 core types + +### 9.1.1 **dateTimeTimezoneType** simple type + +**dateTimeTimezoneType [xsd:dateTime]** – This xsd:dateTime type shall include a timezone indicator as defined by [XMLSchemaP2]. + +### 9.1.2 **nonEmptyStringType** simple type + +**nonEmptyStringType [xsd:string]** – This xsd:string type excludes an empty string as an acceptable value (i.e., string lengths shall be greater than zero). + +## 9.2 Semantic definitions for ITU-T J.380 core attribute types + +### 9.2.1 **identityAttrType** attribute type + +**identityAttrType [nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the @identity attribute, represents a globally unique string identifying a set (or cluster) of system objects as a single logical service. The identityAttrType should be a universally unique identifier as defined by [b-IETF RFC 4122] and the string shall not be empty. + +The logical service blocks of clause 7, Figure 2 and Figure 3, represent many possible different physical implementations. In the most basic form, a logical service block represents a single system or a single physical server as illustrated in Figure 31. In this case, the logical service block's named identity (i.e., the @identity attribute's value) and the physical system map one-to-one. + +![Diagram showing a logical service block containing a physical server. The logical service is represented by a box labeled 'Logical service' with an '@identity = LocalADS' attribute. Inside this box is a smaller box labeled 'Physical server'.](e72ca9c03abdb04826e219202429588e_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph Logical_service [Logical service] + PS[Physical server] + end + LS[Logical service] --- PS + LS --- Identity["@identity = LocalADS"] + +``` + +J.380.2(11)\_F31 + +Diagram showing a logical service block containing a physical server. The logical service is represented by a box labeled 'Logical service' with an '@identity = LocalADS' attribute. Inside this box is a smaller box labeled 'Physical server'. + +**Figure 31 – Basic @identity attribute mapping** + +More complicated implementations may be utilized and Figure 32 illustrates additional possible implementations but not all possible implementations. + +![Figure 32: Complex @identity attribute mappings. The diagram shows three examples of logical and physical server relationships. The left example shows a 'Logical service' box containing four 'Physical server' boxes, with the attribute '@identity = LocalADS' below. The middle example shows a 'Logical service' box containing five 'Physical server' boxes and a vertical 'VIRTUALIZATION' box, with an 'Endpoint' dot and the attribute '@identity = ADM1' below. The right example shows a 'Physical server' box containing two 'Logical service' boxes, one with '@identity = LocalADM1' and the other with '@identity = LocalCIS'. The text 'J.380.2(11)_F32' is in the bottom right corner.](cc72b4769f15fe33763025416c1e274d_img.jpg) + +Figure 32: Complex @identity attribute mappings. The diagram shows three examples of logical and physical server relationships. The left example shows a 'Logical service' box containing four 'Physical server' boxes, with the attribute '@identity = LocalADS' below. The middle example shows a 'Logical service' box containing five 'Physical server' boxes and a vertical 'VIRTUALIZATION' box, with an 'Endpoint' dot and the attribute '@identity = ADM1' below. The right example shows a 'Physical server' box containing two 'Logical service' boxes, one with '@identity = LocalADM1' and the other with '@identity = LocalCIS'. The text 'J.380.2(11)\_F32' is in the bottom right corner. + +**Figure 32 – Complex @identity attribute mappings** + +In Figure 32, the @identity attribute value shall be the same for all physical systems/servers comprising a logical service. For example, in the left hand side implementation where the logical service has the @identity attribute value of LocalADS, the physical servers are interconnected but the placement services may be assigned to a unique server. In the middle logical service identified as ADM1, the physical servers are located behind a virtualizing entity. The virtualization entity sources a single logical service endpoint for all the physical servers comprising the single logical service. At the far right of the illustration, the physical server is hosting two logical services identified as LocalADM1 and LocalCIS respectively. These are just examples and many other configurations and implementations are possible. The important concept to understand is that the @identity attribute identifies a logical service without reference to a physical implementation and it is the @system attribute that may be used to identify a unique server within the logical service. The identityAttrType virtualizes the implementation into a single identifiable entity. + +### 9.2.2 idAttrType attribute type + +**idAttrType [nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, generally used as the @id attribute, is a unique identifier for the element. The element shall have a unique value scoped by the element containing it (i.e., element uniqueness). The idAttrType may be a universally unique identifier as defined by [b-IETF RFC 4122] and the string shall not be empty. + +### 9.2.3 mediaAvailableAttrType attribute type + +**mediaAvailableAttrType [xsd:29ventid]** – This attribute type, typically used as the @mediaAvailable attribute, indicates asset accessibility. The value true indicates the asset is available and the value false indicates the asset is not available. The attribute's omission indicates asset availability is unknown. + +### 9.2.4 messageIdAttrType attribute type + +**messageIdAttrType [nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, referenced as the @messageId attribute, is a service channel unique identifier for a message. Every ITU-T J.380 message instance shall have a service channel unique value and shall not be empty. The attribute should be a universally unique identifier as defined by [b-IETF RFC 4122]. + +### 9.2.5 messageRefAttrType attribute type + +**messageRefAttrType [messageIdAttrType]** – This attribute type, used as the @messageRef attribute, is a reference to an original message via the original message's messageIdAttrType and shall not be empty. + +### 9.2.6 registrationRefAttrType attribute type + +**registrationRefAttrType [messageIdAttrType]** – This attribute type, typically referenced as the @registrationRef attribute, is an exact copy of the original registration message @messageId attribute and provides a linkage to a registration message. The string shall not be empty. The value shall never be the @messageId attribute value for a message including the @resend attribute (i.e., @registrationRef shall be set to the @resend attribute's value as it is the same as the original registration message's @messageId attribute's value). + +### 9.2.7 resendAttrType attribute type + +**resendAttrType [messageIdAttrType]** – This attribute type, typically referenced as the @resend attribute, indicates whether a message is a retransmission (resend) of a previous message. The attribute's presence indicates the message is a retransmission and the attribute's value is the corresponding original message's @messageId attribute for which the message is a retransmission. The attribute's omission indicates the message is an original transmission. The retransmitted (resent) message is not required to be an exact copy of the original message. However, the differences should be minimized. See clause 7.4.7 for additional information. + +### 9.2.8 systemAttrType attribute type + +**systemAttrType [nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, generally referred to as the @system attribute, identifies the originating source and the string shall not be empty. + +### 9.2.9 versionAttrType attribute type + +**versionAttrType [nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, referenced as the @version attribute, is the ITU-T J.380 message specification version number. The value shall be specified by the individual parts of [ITU-T J.380.x] and shall not be empty. Refer to [ITU-T J.380.x] Recommendation where the message is defined for the currently specified value. Refer to clause 7.1.1 for the ITU-T J.380.2 assigned value. + +## 9.3 Address element + +The Address element contains endpoint information. Priority order of the Address elements within a container element is indirectly specified by the element document order. The XML value interpretation may be specified using the optional @type attribute. + +Though the processing rules are not specified here as to how the Address elements are to be used, one may consider supplying multiple Address elements as alternate endpoints should the first Address element not return in a timely manner. See [ITU-T J.380.7] which may supply additional information and usage criterion. + +### 9.3.1 Address element schema + +Figure 33 illustrates the Address element's schema. + +![Figure 33 – Address element schema. A diagram showing the Address element and its schema definition. The Address element is shown as a box with a menu icon and the text 'Endpoint information.'. A line connects it to a yellow box labeled 'AddressType'. Inside the AddressType box, there is a section for 'attributes' containing a 'type' attribute (described as 'Endpoint information type.') and an 'any ##any' attribute.](9a5927586a691c4908aa2cf98bd47ebb_img.jpg) + +Figure 33 – Address element schema. A diagram showing the Address element and its schema definition. The Address element is shown as a box with a menu icon and the text 'Endpoint information.'. A line connects it to a yellow box labeled 'AddressType'. Inside the AddressType box, there is a section for 'attributes' containing a 'type' attribute (described as 'Endpoint information type.') and an 'any ##any' attribute. + +Figure 33 – Address element schema + +#### 9.3.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Address element + +**@type [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – An attribute uniquely identifying the interpretation of the element's value and the value shall not be empty. [ITU-T J.380.7] may supply additional information and examples may include strings such as: HTTP, SOAP, etc. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The Address element's value is of type xsd:string and specifies all or a subset of the connection endpoint identification. The Address element may be empty (if all of the data is supplied as attributes). The string format may be implied or specified based on the @type attribute value. The string format shall conform to clause 7.5 as applicable. [ITU-T J.380.7] may supply additional format details as appropriate, as these may be outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### 9.3.2 Address element examples + +``` +
http://25.35.45.55:80/J.DPI-ASI
+
adselector1.ads.com/default
+
www.foobar.com/J.380.2/PlacementReq
+``` + +## 9.4 AdType element + +The AdType element identifies a specific ad form with respect to its presentation characteristics and effects on the media stream such as graphical overlay. The definition of presentation characteristics and effects on the media stream are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### 9.4.1 AdType element schema + +Figure 34 illustrates the AdType element's schema. + +![Figure 34 – AdType element schema. A diagram showing the AdType element and its schema definition. The AdType element is shown as a box with a menu icon and the text 'Ad type identification.'. A line connects it to a yellow box labeled 'AdTypeType'. Inside the AdTypeType box, there is a section for 'attributes' containing an 'any ##any' attribute.](90aa518591dfa9a78f61c31296f9b158_img.jpg) + +Figure 34 – AdType element schema. A diagram showing the AdType element and its schema definition. The AdType element is shown as a box with a menu icon and the text 'Ad type identification.'. A line connects it to a yellow box labeled 'AdTypeType'. Inside the AdTypeType box, there is a section for 'attributes' containing an 'any ##any' attribute. + +Figure 34 – AdType element schema + +#### 9.4.1.1 Semantic definitions for the AdType element + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The element's value is of type nonEmptyStringType and it describes the ad's type. The value shall not be empty. + +### 9.4.2 AdType element examples + +``` +Graphic Overlay +``` + +## 9.5 AssetRef element + +The AssetRef element identifies a unique content asset (i.e., entertainment/programming, ad, etc.) through a provider identifier and an asset identifier with the later being unique within the provider reference. Typically, this element is used to identify CableLabs ADI assets. For ADI information, see [b-CLAD I1-1] and [b-CLAD I1-2]. + +### 9.5.1 AssetRef element schema + +Figure 35 illustrates the AssetRef element's schema. + +![Figure 35 – AssetRef Element Schema. A diagram showing the AssetRef element and its associated AssetRefType schema. The AssetRef element is shown on the left with the text 'Asset identification.' below it. A line connects it to the AssetRefType box on the right. The AssetRefType box is yellow and contains an 'attributes' section with 'providerID' and 'assetID' attributes, and an 'any ##any' placeholder.](43979979715bb3304389a0cb18f34444_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the AssetRef element. On the left, the element name 'AssetRef' is shown in a box, with the text 'Asset identification.' below it. A line connects this element to a larger box on the right labeled 'AssetRefType'. Inside the 'AssetRefType' box, there is an 'attributes' section containing two required attributes: 'providerID' (described as 'Provider identification. For example, CableLabs ADI.') and 'assetID' (described as 'Asset identification and may be scoped by Provider identification. For example, CableLabs ADI.'). Below these attributes is an 'any ##any' placeholder, indicating optional attributes from any namespace. + +Figure 35 – AssetRef Element Schema. A diagram showing the AssetRef element and its associated AssetRefType schema. The AssetRef element is shown on the left with the text 'Asset identification.' below it. A line connects it to the AssetRefType box on the right. The AssetRefType box is yellow and contains an 'attributes' section with 'providerID' and 'assetID' attributes, and an 'any ##any' placeholder. + +Figure 35 – AssetRef Element Schema + +#### 9.5.1.1 Semantic definitions for the AssetRef element + +**@providerID [Required, nonEmptyStringType]** – An attribute matching the provider of the asset as defined by the content data model. The value shall not be empty. Typically, the value matches either the ADI 1.1 or ADI 2.0 specification identifying the provider of the asset. For example, in ADI this attribute may be set to a registered Internet domain name restricted to at most 20 lower-case characters and belonging to the provider. + +**@assetID [Required, nonEmptyStringType]** – An attribute matching the provider of the asset as defined by the content data model and the value shall not be empty. Typically, the value matches either the ADI 1.1 or ADI 2.0 specification identifying the asset uniquely within the provider's assetID space. For example, in ADI, this attribute may be an ASCII string of 20 characters with the first four being Alpha and the remaining 16 being numeric. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The AssetRef element's value shall be empty. + +### 9.5.2 AssetRef element examples + +``` + +``` + +## 9.6 Callout element + +The Callout element specifies a logical service's message reception endpoints. The endpoints may be specified as a single collective aggregation, on a per message type basis via the @message attribute, or as a combination of the two techniques. + +A single message exchange endpoint may be defined to handle all logical service messaging. If a single endpoint is handling all messaging, there shall be only one Callout element present in the defining specification announcement message and the Callout element's @message attribute shall not be used. The Callout element omitting the @message attribute is referred to as the default endpoint. + +If independent endpoints are desired, the Callout element's @message attribute shall be used and each Callout element shall contain a message name as specified by the defining logical service. For an example, see the adm:ListADMServicesResponse message in [ITU-T J.380.3]. + +If independent message exchange endpoints are desired for only a subset of endpoints, the default endpoint may be used in conjunction with one or more additional Callout elements. All message endpoints not specifically referenced by an @message attribute shall be available through the default endpoint. This behaviour allows a logical service to provide specific, message exchange endpoints for one or more Callout endpoints while utilizing a single, general purpose endpoint for all other messaging. If this description technique is used, there shall only be a single Callout element omitting the @message attribute for the callout sequence as detailed by the individual specifications (i.e., there shall be a maximum of one default endpoint for the applicable callout sequence). + +If no default endpoint is supplied and only a subset of the endpoints are provided in the message, the unlisted endpoints shall be discovered by a different, unspecified mechanism which is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +Within the Callout element, the logical service may provide one or more Address elements. The Address element describes a specific endpoint. The processing rules for the Address elements are not specified here and are outside the scope of this Recommendation. Each listed Address element shall be prepared to receive and respond to a ServiceCheckRequest message and the returned status shall be applicable to the queried endpoint. When a Callout element contains more than one Address element, at least one Address element specified reception endpoint shall successfully respond to the ServiceCheckRequest message. The peer may reject the Callout element containing message if all Address elements fail to successfully respond. A peer shall not reject the containing message if only a subset of the Address elements successfully respond to the ServiceCheckRequest message. + +### 9.6.1 Callout element schema + +Figure 36 illustrates the Callout element's schema. + +![Figure 36 – Callout element schema. This diagram shows the structure of the Callout element. On the left, a box labeled 'Callout' contains the text 'All messages or per message type destination endpoint identification.' An arrow points from this box to a large yellow box labeled 'CalloutType'. Inside 'CalloutType', there is a section for 'attributes' containing a 'message' attribute (described as 'Specific message to be delivered via the supplied destination. Omit if all messages are to be delivered to the specified destination.') and an 'any ##any' attribute. Below the attributes section, there is a box with four dots leading to an 'Address' box (described as 'Endpoint information.' with a '1..∞' multiplicity) and an 'Ext' box (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.').](cbb2d311b20781a595488445ded48d0a_img.jpg) + +Figure 36 – Callout element schema. This diagram shows the structure of the Callout element. On the left, a box labeled 'Callout' contains the text 'All messages or per message type destination endpoint identification.' An arrow points from this box to a large yellow box labeled 'CalloutType'. Inside 'CalloutType', there is a section for 'attributes' containing a 'message' attribute (described as 'Specific message to be delivered via the supplied destination. Omit if all messages are to be delivered to the specified destination.') and an 'any ##any' attribute. Below the attributes section, there is a box with four dots leading to an 'Address' box (described as 'Endpoint information.' with a '1..∞' multiplicity) and an 'Ext' box (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.'). + +**Figure 36 – Callout element schema** + +#### 9.6.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Callout element + +**@message [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – An attribute identifying the message exchange pair being specified. The attribute values are defined within the individual specification parts where the element is utilized. If the attribute is omitted, the Callout element is being declared as the default endpoint. The value shall not be empty. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**Address [Required]** – One or more elements each specifying an endpoint. See clause 9.3 for additional information. + +**Ext [Optional]** – A container for any additional elements from any namespace. See clause 9.12 for additional information. + +The Callout element shall not be empty. + +### 9.6.2 Callout element examples + +Figure 37 illustrates a default endpoint declaration. All communication is expected to use this interface. + +``` + +
101.5.3.33:5786
+
+``` + +**Figure 37 – Example 14** + +Figure 38 illustrates a message specific endpoint declaration. + +``` + + +
adselector1.ads.com
+
+ +``` + +**Figure 38 – Example 15** + +Figure 39 illustrates a combination of the two techniques. A default endpoint is declared along with two specific message interfaces. + +``` + + +
example.com:80/DefaultMessageHandler
+
+ +
example.com:80/MessageInterface1
+
example.com:8080/MessageInterface1
+
+ +
example.com:33423/MessageInterface2
+
+ +``` + +**Figure 39 – Example 16** + +## 9.7 Content element + +The Content element describes assets such as entertainment (programming) and ad content. The element is partitioned into three sequences. The first sequence provides content identification. The second sequence may be used for content location and the third sequence provides content related information. + +### 9.7.1 Content element schema + +Figure 40 illustrates the Content element's schema. + +![Figure 40 – Content element schema. This is a UML class diagram for the 'Content' element. The 'Content' class is shown on the left with a description: 'Content (entertainment, ad, etc.) description and identification.' The 'ContentType' class is shown on the right, enclosed in a dashed box. It has an 'attributes' section with 'id' (Unique identifier) and 'any ##any' (any additional attribute from any namespace). The 'ContentType' class has several associations: 1. 'Content identification' (multiplicity 1..1) leading to a group of elements: 'AssetRef' (Asset identification), 'Program' (Program name and/or identification), 'SegmentationUpid' (SCTE 35 segmentation descriptor construct. The value is the segmentation upid, multiplicity 0..∞), 'SpotRef' (Typically, an SCTE 118 spot element), and 'URI' (Uniform resource identifier). 2. 'Group of content location identifiers' (multiplicity 1..1) leading to 'ContentLocation' (multiplicity 0..∞). 3. 'Additional content information' (multiplicity 1..1) leading to a group of elements: 'AdType' (Ad type identification), 'Duration' (Specific run-time length), and 'Tracking' (ADS specified identifier). 4. 'Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace. The ](0a42e05c07941450f34e4f7117725834_img.jpg) + +Figure 40 – Content element schema. This is a UML class diagram for the 'Content' element. The 'Content' class is shown on the left with a description: 'Content (entertainment, ad, etc.) description and identification.' The 'ContentType' class is shown on the right, enclosed in a dashed box. It has an 'attributes' section with 'id' (Unique identifier) and 'any ##any' (any additional attribute from any namespace). The 'ContentType' class has several associations: 1. 'Content identification' (multiplicity 1..1) leading to a group of elements: 'AssetRef' (Asset identification), 'Program' (Program name and/or identification), 'SegmentationUpid' (SCTE 35 segmentation descriptor construct. The value is the segmentation upid, multiplicity 0..∞), 'SpotRef' (Typically, an SCTE 118 spot element), and 'URI' (Uniform resource identifier). 2. 'Group of content location identifiers' (multiplicity 1..1) leading to 'ContentLocation' (multiplicity 0..∞). 3. 'Additional content information' (multiplicity 1..1) leading to a group of elements: 'AdType' (Ad type identification), 'Duration' (Specific run-time length), and 'Tracking' (ADS specified identifier). 4. 'Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace. The + +**Figure 40 – Content element schema** + +#### 9.7.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Content element + +**@id [Optional, idAttrType]** – An element unique identifier which may be used to identify this content element. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**AssetRef [Optional]** – Content asset identification typically used with an ADI data model. See clause 9.5 for additional information. + +**Program [Optional]** – Content asset identification typically used when an SCTE 35 splice\_insert() section identifies the asset. See clause 9.16 for additional information. + +**SegmentationUpid [Optional]** – Zero or more elements identifying a content asset. Typically, this element is used when an SCTE 35 segmentation\_descriptor() identifies the asset. See clause 9.17 for additional information. + +**SpotRef [Optional]** – Content asset identification typically used for an ad spot asset. Typically, this element is used when an SCTE 118 Spot element identifies the asset. See clause 9.18 for additional information. + +**URI [Optional]** – Content asset identification via a uniform resource identifier (URI). See clause 9.21 for additional information. + +**ContentLocation [Optional]** – Zero or more asset location specifiers. See clause 9.9 for additional information. + +**AdType [Optional]** – An element which should only be present when the element references an ad asset. The element describes the ad spot type. See clause 9.4 for additional information. + +**Duration [Optional]** – The content run-time length. See clause 9.11 for additional information. + +**Tracking [Optional]** – An externally assigned identifier. This element is typically supplied by an ADS when the Content element is provided as part of a placement description. See clause 9.20 for additional information. + +**Ext [Optional]** – A container for any additional elements from any namespace. See clause 9.12 for additional information. + +The Content element's value should not be empty. + +### 9.7.2 Content element examples + +``` + + Three Guy Jokes Gone Bad + + + + + + Telescoping + + + + + Overlay + PT30.000S + MyTrackingID 839839839 + + + + + + + + +``` + +## 9.8 ContentDataModel element + +The ContentDataModel element facilitates expressing the general content data model and a specific revision as desired. + +### 9.8.1 ContentDataModel element schema + +Figure 41 illustrates the ContentDataModel element's schema. + +![Figure 41 – ContentDataModel element schema. The diagram shows a box for the ContentDataModel element with a description: 'Content data model identifier. Typically, a URI.' To its right is a box for ContentDataModelType, which contains an 'attributes' section with a 'type' attribute described as 'Content data model general type.' and a wildcard attribute 'any ##any'.](38cbce07f83fba6d5a7c46605bd5743f_img.jpg) + +Figure 41 – ContentDataModel element schema. The diagram shows a box for the ContentDataModel element with a description: 'Content data model identifier. Typically, a URI.' To its right is a box for ContentDataModelType, which contains an 'attributes' section with a 'type' attribute described as 'Content data model general type.' and a wildcard attribute 'any ##any'. + +**Figure 41 – ContentDataModel element schema** + +#### 9.8.1.1 Semantic definitions for the ContentDataModel element + +**@type [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – A string that shall not be empty generalizing the data model. Table 3 lists the defined values which may be extended by private agreement outside the scope of this Recommendation. The values shall appear exactly as they appear in Table 3. + +**Table 3 – ContentDataModel element's @type attribute defined values** + +| Value | Description | +|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CLADI_1.1 | Model represented by the CableLabs ADI 1.1 specification. | +| CLADI_2.0 | Model represented by the CableLabs ADI 2.0 specification. | +| SCTE118-2 | Model represented by [b-SCTE 118-2]. | +| SCTE118-3 | Model represented by [SCTE 118-3]. | +| ... | User defined and outside the scope of this Recommendation. The string shall be prefixed with the text "private:". | + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The XML value is of type nonEmptyStringType and shall not be empty. The string represents precise identification of the content data model which might include the revision. The string should be a URI. See [IETF RFC 3986] for additional information. + +### 9.8.2 ContentDataModel element examples + +``` +http://www.cablelabs.com/2006-05-05/ADI2 + +http://www.cablelabs.com/InsertTheRevisionDate/ADI1.1 + +http://www.scte.org/schemas/118-3/2006 +``` + +## 9.9 ContentLocation element + +The ContentLocation element facilitates specifying an asset's place. The element value may be any valid URI. See [IETF RFC 3986] for additional information. + +### 9.9.1 ContentLocation element schema + +Figure 42 illustrates the ContentLocation element's schema. + +![Figure 42 – ContentLocation element schema. The diagram shows a box for 'ContentLocation' connected to a 'ContentLocationType' box. The 'ContentLocationType' box contains an 'attributes' section with 'mediaAvailable' (Media availability indicator. True=Asset available. False=Asset not available. Omitted = Asset availability unknown.) and 'any ##any'.](12c19090355e19922e23044633b9d1ea_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph LR + CL[ContentLocation] --- CLT[ContentLocationType] + subgraph CLT [ContentLocationType] + A[attributes] --- MA[mediaAvailable] + MA --- MA_desc["Media availability indicator. +True=Asset available. +False=Asset not available. +Omitted = Asset availability unknown."] + AA[any ##any] + end + +``` + +Figure 42 – ContentLocation element schema. The diagram shows a box for 'ContentLocation' connected to a 'ContentLocationType' box. The 'ContentLocationType' box contains an 'attributes' section with 'mediaAvailable' (Media availability indicator. True=Asset available. False=Asset not available. Omitted = Asset availability unknown.) and 'any ##any'. + +**Figure 42 – ContentLocation element schema** + +#### 9.9.1.1 Semantic definitions for the ContentLocation element + +**@mediaAvailable [Optional, mediaAvailableAttrType]** – Media accessibility indicator. True indicates the asset is available. False indicates the asset is not available. Attribute omission indicates the asset's availability is unknown. See clause 9.2.3 for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The XML value is of type xsd:anyURI and may be empty when only the @mediaAvailable attribute is carried. The string represents the content asset's location. See [IETF RFC 3986] for additional information. + +### 9.9.2 ContentLocation element examples + +``` + + + http://somehost/ReadyToPlay/asset.mpeg + + + + +ftp://somehost/asset.mpeg + +``` + +The first example element provides an indication that the media is currently accessible and a location URI. + +The second example element, which has the @mediaAvailable attribute set to the value false, indicates the content is known not to be accessible. In this case, no URI has been provided (though one could have been supplied.) + +The final example element provides a location URI without specifying the media availability (i.e., the media accessibility is unknown due to the omission of the @mediaAvailable attribute type). Because of the media unknown state indication, media access may result in an error. + +## 9.10 CurrentDateTime element + +The CurrentDateTime element provides the current date and time value which shall include a timezone indicator. See clause 9.1.1 for additional information. + +### 9.10.1 CurrentDateTime element schema + +Figure 43 illustrates the CurrentDateTime element's schema. + +![Figure 43: CurrentDateTime element schema diagram showing a box labeled 'CurrentDateTime'.](5ee1bbbf85b473f78af9ec8368a4159a_img.jpg) + +Figure 43: CurrentDateTime element schema diagram showing a box labeled 'CurrentDateTime'. + +**Figure 43 – CurrentDateTime element schema** + +#### 9.10.1.1 Semantic definitions for the CurrentDateTime element + +The CurrentDateTime element's value is of type core:dateTimeTimezoneType and shall not be empty. See clause 9.1.1 for additional information. + +### 9.10.2 CurrentDateTime element examples + +``` +2007-01-05T12:30:36.0Z +``` + +## 9.11 Duration element + +The Duration element describes a run-time in years, months, days, hours, minutes, seconds, and milliseconds. + +### 9.11.1 Duration element schema + +Figure 44 illustrates the Duration element's schema. + +![Figure 44: Duration element schema diagram. It shows a 'Duration' element box with the text 'Specific run-time length.' below it. An arrow points from this box to a 'DurationType' box. The 'DurationType' box contains an 'attributes' section and an 'any ##any' element.](042af54276c75e7b7b48a3af1f0a84e5_img.jpg) + +Figure 44: Duration element schema diagram. It shows a 'Duration' element box with the text 'Specific run-time length.' below it. An arrow points from this box to a 'DurationType' box. The 'DurationType' box contains an 'attributes' section and an 'any ##any' element. + +**Figure 44 – Duration element schema** + +#### 9.11.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Duration element + +@##any [Optional] – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The Duration element's value is of type xsd:duration and is formatted as PnYnMnDTnHnMn.nnnS. + +### 9.11.2 Duration element examples + +``` +PT30S +PT29.666S +PT01H00M05.000S +PT03H04M05.333S +``` + +## 9.12 Ext element + +The Ext (extensibility) element allows zero or more elements from any namespace to be included. This element facilitates expansion, customization, and extensibility of the specification. Encapsulating elements from external namespaces into a single element allows filters, transforms, and other operations to be applied easily. + +### 9.12.1 Ext element schema + +Figure 45 illustrates the Ext element's schema. + +![Figure 45 – Ext element schema diagram. The diagram shows the 'Ext' element with a subtitle 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.' It branches into an 'attributes' box and a '##any' box. The '##any' box has a subtitle 'any ##any' and a cardinality of '0..∞'.](dbd074feb5cce1300f42f91da8f673d1_img.jpg) + +Figure 45 – Ext element schema diagram. The diagram shows the 'Ext' element with a subtitle 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.' It branches into an 'attributes' box and a '##any' box. The '##any' box has a subtitle 'any ##any' and a cardinality of '0..∞'. + +Figure 45 – Ext element schema + +#### 9.12.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Ext element + +@##any [Optional] – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +##any[Optional] – Zero or more elements from any namespace. (Zero elements are allowed as all the data may be included via attributes.) + +### 9.12.2 Ext element examples + +``` + + + +``` + +## 9.13 ExternalStatusCode element + +The ExternalStatusCode element allows for a detailed status code to be supplied from an external (non ITU-T J.380) specification. The element identifies the status code source and may be augmented with optional descriptive text. + +### 9.13.1 ExternalStatusCode schema + +Figure 46 illustrates the ExternalStatusCode element's schema. + +![Figure 46 – ExternalStatusCode element schema diagram. The diagram shows the 'ExternalStatusCode' element with a subtitle 'Status code from an external (non-SCTE 130) specification.' It branches into an 'ExternalStatusCodeType' box and a '##any' box. The 'ExternalStatusCodeType' box contains 'attributes' with 'source' (Identifier, typically a URL, specifying the detail attribute's source.) and 'detail' (External status code as defined by the referenced source.) attributes, and an 'any ##any' box. The '##any' box branches into 'Note' (0..∞) with subtitle 'Descriptive text.' and 'Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace.) with a cardinality of '0..∞'.](5c65cabec7c5062117fb0d578916cf8b_img.jpg) + +Figure 46 – ExternalStatusCode element schema diagram. The diagram shows the 'ExternalStatusCode' element with a subtitle 'Status code from an external (non-SCTE 130) specification.' It branches into an 'ExternalStatusCodeType' box and a '##any' box. The 'ExternalStatusCodeType' box contains 'attributes' with 'source' (Identifier, typically a URL, specifying the detail attribute's source.) and 'detail' (External status code as defined by the referenced source.) attributes, and an 'any ##any' box. The '##any' box branches into 'Note' (0..∞) with subtitle 'Descriptive text.' and 'Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace.) with a cardinality of '0..∞'. + +Figure 46 – ExternalStatusCode element schema + +#### 9.13.1.1 Semantic definitions for the ExternalStatusCode element + +**@source [Required, nonEmptyStringType]** – Identification of the external status code source. Typically, the value should be a uniform resource identifier (URI), see [IETF RFC 3986], and shall not be empty. Table 4 lists the defined values which may be extended by private agreement outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +**Table 4 – ExternalStatusCode element's @source attribute values** + +| @source Value | Description | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| http://www.scte.org/schemas/30/2007 | SCTE 30 | +| http://www.scte.org/schemas/118-3/2006 | SCTE 118-3 | +| ... | User defined and outside the scope of this Recommendation. | + +**@detail [Required, nonEmptyStringType]** – A non-empty external status code value. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**Note [Optional]** – Zero or more Note elements where each Note element contains descriptive text. See clause 9.15 for additional information regarding the Note element. + +**Ext [Optional]** – A container for any additional elements from any namespace. See clause 9.12 for additional information. + +### 9.13.2 ExternalStatusCode Element Examples + +``` + + + + Failed, Operator Error. + RTFM... + +``` + +## 9.14 InitiatorData element + +The InitiatorData element provides carriage for privately defined attributes and a string that shall be returned exactly as received (i.e., echoed back). The logical service endpoint respondent shall return an exact copy of this element when received. The element's contents are opaque to the respondent logical services since the data is implementation specific relative to the originating logical service. Example element usage includes providing high availability services or other value added features. + +### 9.14.1 InitiatorData element Schema + +Figure 47 illustrates the InitiatorData element's schema. + +![Diagram of the InitiatorData element schema. It shows the InitiatorData element box with a note 'Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the message respondent.' Below it. An arrow points from the element to a box labeled InitiatorDataType. Inside the InitiatorDataType box, there is an 'attributes' section containing the 'any ##any' element.](92c4d3a4d29d64c167855449f1aeba2a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the InitiatorData element. On the left, a box labeled 'InitiatorData' has a small note below it: 'Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the message respondent.' An arrow points from the 'InitiatorData' box to a larger box on the right labeled 'InitiatorDataType'. Inside the 'InitiatorDataType' box, there is a section labeled 'attributes' which contains the element 'any ##any'. + +Diagram of the InitiatorData element schema. It shows the InitiatorData element box with a note 'Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the message respondent.' Below it. An arrow points from the element to a box labeled InitiatorDataType. Inside the InitiatorDataType box, there is an 'attributes' section containing the 'any ##any' element. + +**Figure 47 – InitiatorData element schema** + +#### 9.14.1.1 Semantic Definitions for the InitiatorData element + +@##any [Optional] – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The InitiatorData element's value is of type xsd:string and may be empty (if all the data is provided as attributes). + +### 9.14.2 InitiatorData element examples + +``` + + Company specific secret sauce goes here. + +``` + +## 9.15 Note element + +The Note element carries descriptive text. + +### 9.15.1 Note element schema + +Figure 48 illustrates the Note element's schema. + +![Figure 48 – Note element schema diagram](42e18c25bfd455a5a57f207bacfcb970_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the Note element. On the left, a box labeled 'Note' is shown with a small icon of three horizontal lines to its left. Below this box is the text 'Descriptive text.'. A line connects the 'Note' box to a larger box on the right labeled 'NoteType'. Inside the 'NoteType' box, there is a sub-box labeled 'attributes' which contains a rounded rectangle labeled 'any ##any'. + +Figure 48 – Note element schema diagram + +Figure 48 – Note element schema + +#### 9.15.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Note element + +@##any [Optional] – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The Note element's value is of type nonEmptyStringType and shall not be empty. + +### 9.15.2 Note element examples + +``` +Three guys go into a bar... +``` + +## 9.16 Program element + +The Program element provides the program name and/or a unique program identifier. + +### 9.16.1 Program element schema + +Figure 49 illustrates the Program element's schema. + +![Figure 49 – Program element schema. A diagram showing the 'Program' element and its 'ProgramType' schema. The 'Program' element is shown as a box with a small square icon on its left side, with the text 'Program name and/or identification.' below it. The 'ProgramType' schema is shown as a yellow box containing an 'attributes' section. Inside 'attributes' are two dashed boxes: 'uniqueProgramID' (described as 'Unique program identifier.') and 'referenceDateTime' (described as 'Reference date and time.'). Below these is a box labeled 'any ##any'.](701bc79e78b382bcfd3ba85597dbb9c3_img.jpg) + +Figure 49 – Program element schema. A diagram showing the 'Program' element and its 'ProgramType' schema. The 'Program' element is shown as a box with a small square icon on its left side, with the text 'Program name and/or identification.' below it. The 'ProgramType' schema is shown as a yellow box containing an 'attributes' section. Inside 'attributes' are two dashed boxes: 'uniqueProgramID' (described as 'Unique program identifier.') and 'referenceDateTime' (described as 'Reference date and time.'). Below these is a box labeled 'any ##any'. + +Figure 49 – Program element schema + +#### 9.16.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Program element + +@uniqueProgramID [Optional, xsd:nonNegativeInteger] – An attribute uniquely identifying the program. + +@referenceDateTime [Optional, core:dateTimeTimezoneType] – An attribute identifying when the @uniqueProgramID attribute was established (i.e., contextual reference). This attribute should only be used when the @uniqueProgramID attribute is present. See clause 9.1.1 for additional information. + +@##any [Optional] – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The Program element's value is of type xsd:string and may be empty. + +### 9.16.2 Program element examples + +``` +TheBestProgram + +UglyBetty +UglyBetty +``` + +## 9.17 SegmentationUpid element + +The SegmentationUpid element corresponds to the SCTE 35 segmentation\_descriptor(). See [SCTE 35] for additional information. The element facilitates in-band content asset identification (either entertainment/programming or ad). + +### 9.17.1 SegmentationUpid element schema + +Figure 50 illustrates the SegmentationUpid element's schema. + +![Figure 50 – SegmentationUpid element schema. The diagram shows the SegmentationUpid element and its attributes. The element is a SCTE 35 segmentation descriptor construct. The attributes are type, length, eventID, typeID, segmentNum, segmentsExpected, and referenceDateTime. The type attribute is required and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation_upid_type bit field. The length attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation_upid_length bit field. The eventID attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation_event_id bit field. The typeID attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation_type_id bit field. The segmentNum attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segment_num bit field. The segmentsExpected attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segments_expected bit field. The referenceDateTime attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 reference_date_time bit field. The any ##any attribute is also present.](89f8aefc01866631793087542316cef2_img.jpg) + +**SegmentationUpid** + +SCTE 35 segmentation descriptor construct. The value is the segmentation upid. + +**Scte35SegmentationUpidType** + +- attributes** + - type** +A value from SCTE 35 Table 8-6 identifying the information format. + - length** +The information length in bytes. Limits may be applied as per SCTE 35 Table 8-6. + - eventID** +A 32-bit unique segmentation event identifier. + - typeID** +The segmentation type as specified by SCTE 35 Table 8-7. + - segmentNum** +Identification of a specific segment within a segmentation upid. + - segmentsExpected** +Expected number of individual segments within the segmentation upid. + - referenceDateTime** +Contextual reference date and time. + - any ##any** + +Figure 50 – SegmentationUpid element schema. The diagram shows the SegmentationUpid element and its attributes. The element is a SCTE 35 segmentation descriptor construct. The attributes are type, length, eventID, typeID, segmentNum, segmentsExpected, and referenceDateTime. The type attribute is required and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation\_upid\_type bit field. The length attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation\_upid\_length bit field. The eventID attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation\_event\_id bit field. The typeID attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation\_type\_id bit field. The segmentNum attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segment\_num bit field. The segmentsExpected attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 segments\_expected bit field. The referenceDateTime attribute is optional and maps to the SCTE 35 reference\_date\_time bit field. The any ##any attribute is also present. + +Figure 50 – SegmentationUpid element schema + +#### 9.17.1.1 Semantic definitions for the SegmentationUpid element + +**@type [Required, xsd:unsignedByte]** – Any valid value from SCTE 35 Table 8-6 Type column where the attribute maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation\_upid\_type bit field. See [SCTE 35] for additional information. + +**@length [Optional, xsd:unsignedByte]** – Any valid value from SCTE 35 Table 8-6 Length Bytes column and the @length attribute's value is the binary data length. The @length value is dependent upon the @type value and maps to the SCTE 35 segmentation\_upid\_length bit field. See [SCTE 35] for additional information. + +**@eventID [Optional, xsd:unsignedInteger]** – The SCTE 35 segmentation\_event\_id bit field. See [SCTE 35] for additional information. + +**@typeID [Optional, xsd:unsignedByte]** – Any valid value from SCTE 35 Table 8-7 which maps to the segmentation\_type\_id bit field. See [SCTE 35] for additional information. + +**@segmentNum [Optional, xsd:unsignedByte]** – An attribute conformant to the SCTE 35 segment\_num bit field description. See [SCTE 35] for additional information. + +**@segmentsExpected [Optional, xsd:unsignedByte]** – An attribute conformant to the SCTE 35 segments\_expected bit field description. See [SCTE 35] for additional information. + +**@referenceDateTime [Optional, core:dateTimeTimezoneType]** – The date and time providing contextual reference. See clause 9.1.1 for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The SegmentationUpid element's value is of type xsd:hexBinary and contains the SCTE 35 segmentation\_upid bit field. The value should not be empty. The value is specific to the @type attribute and shall meet the requirements as specified in SCTE 35. See [SCTE 35] for additional information. + +### 9.17.2 SegmentationUpid element examples + +``` +89 +188166C7342065419F3A0245 +``` + +## 9.18 SpotRef + +The SpotRef element corresponds to a subset of the SCTE 118-3 schedule's spot element. The element facilitates content asset identification (typically an ad). Refer to [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +### 9.18.1 SpotRef element schema + +Figure 51 illustrates the SpotRef element's schema. + +![Figure 51 – SpotRef element schema. The diagram shows a 'SpotRef' element on the left with a note 'Typically, an SCTE 118 spot element.' A line connects it to a 'Scte118SpotType' box on the right. This box contains an 'attributes' section with: 'trafficId' (Required, integer), 'spotId' (Required, nonEmptyStringType), 'advertiserName' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), 'spotName' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), 'spotType' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), 'schedSource' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), and 'adId' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType). At the bottom of the box is a button labeled 'any ##any'.](cbab05075b3d7dc0d27c4cbb0c914a94_img.jpg) + +**Scte118SpotType** + +**attributes** + +**trafficId** +Traffic ID generated by the traffic and billing system. + +**spotId** +Traffic and billing assigned spot identifier. + +**advertiserName** +Operator/M50 entered value provided by the traffic and billing system. + +**spotName** +Operator/M50 entered value provided by the traffic and billing system. + +**spotType** +For SCTE 118, one of the following: +SCHED=Scheduled, +FILL=Fill, BONUS=Bonus. + +**schedSource** +e.g., Interconnect, Local, +National, Marketing, etc. +Assigned by the originating +traffic and billing system. + +**adId** +Advertising digital identifier. + +any ##any + +**SpotRef** +Typically, an SCTE 118 spot element. + +Figure 51 – SpotRef element schema. The diagram shows a 'SpotRef' element on the left with a note 'Typically, an SCTE 118 spot element.' A line connects it to a 'Scte118SpotType' box on the right. This box contains an 'attributes' section with: 'trafficId' (Required, integer), 'spotId' (Required, nonEmptyStringType), 'advertiserName' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), 'spotName' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), 'spotType' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), 'schedSource' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType), and 'adId' (Optional, nonEmptyStringType). At the bottom of the box is a button labeled 'any ##any'. + +**Figure 51 – SpotRef element schema** + +#### 9.18.1.1 Semantic definitions for the SpotRef element + +**@trafficId [Required, xsd:integer]** – A unique ID generated by the traffic and billing system for tracking a specific ad spot instance. See [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +**@spotId [Required, nonEmptyStringType]** – A non-empty string generated by the traffic and billing system for spot identification. See [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +**@advertiserName [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – A non-empty string representing the operator entered advertiser name value provided by the traffic and billing system. See [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +**@spotName [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – A non-empty string representing the operator entered spot identification name provided by the traffic and billing system. See [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +**@spotType [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – A non-empty string representing the spot type. From [SCTE 118-3], the values might be SCHED, FILL, or BONUS. See [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +**@schedSource [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – A non-empty string identifying the scheduling source as assigned by the originating traffic and billing system. See [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +**@adId [Optional, nonEmptyStringType]** – A non-empty string supplying the advertising digital identifier. See [SCTE 118-3] for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The SpotRef element's value shall be empty. + +### 9.18.2 SpotRef element examples + +``` + + +``` + +## 9.19 StatusCode element + +The StatusCode element provides a general status classification value using the @class attribute and a specific detail value when applicable. + +### 9.19.1 StatusCode element schema + +Figure 52 illustrates the StatusCode element's schema. + +![Figure 52 – StatusCode element schema diagram](17439b945bd5156395c7ba15bf04f8fb_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the StatusCode element. It shows a 'StatusCode' element box on the left, labeled 'SCTE 130 status code.', which points to a 'StatusCodeType' complex type box on the right. The 'StatusCodeType' box contains an 'attributes' section with a 'class' attribute (described as one of the following values: 0 = Success, 1 = Error, 2 = Warning, 3 = Information, 4 = External status code, ... = User defined and outside the scope of this specification), a 'detail' attribute (described as A SCTE 130 specific status code), and an 'any ##any' attribute. Below the attributes, there is a 'Note' element (described as Descriptive text, with a 0..∞ multiplicity) and an 'ExternalStatusCode' element (described as Status code from an external (non-SCTE 130) specification). + +Figure 52 – StatusCode element schema diagram + +Figure 52 – StatusCode element schema + +#### 9.19.1.1 Semantic definitions for the StatusCode element + +**@class [Required, xsd:nonNegativeInteger]** – The value equates to one of the Table 5 specified @class attribute values which may be extended by private agreement outside the scope of this + +Recommendation. If the `@class` attribute does not contain a success value, either the `@detail` attribute and/or the `ExternalStatusCode` element should be used to communicate the reason. Additionally, one or more `Note` elements should be used to communicate detailed text. + +**Table 5 – StatusCode element `@class` attribute values** + +| @class Attribute Value | Description | +|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | Success | +| 1 | Error | +| 2 | Warning | +| 3 | Information | +| 4 | Deferred to the ExternalStatusCode element and there shall be an ExternalStatusCode element present in this StatusCode element | +| ... | User defined and outside the scope of this Recommendation. | + +**`@detail` [Optional, xsd:nonNegativeInteger]** – The applicable detail status code value from Table A.1. + +**`a##any` [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +**`Note` [Optional]** – Zero or more `Note` elements where each `Note` element contains descriptive text. See clause 9.15 for additional information regarding the `Note` element. + +**`ExternalStatusCode` [Optional]** – A container for a status code from an external source. See clause 9.13 for additional information. + +### 9.19.2 StatusCode element examples + +``` + + + + + + Ambiguous details. + Supplied identifier did not match. + + + + Contact with the CIS has been established. + + + + + Failed. No ad copy in inserter. + Could not find the file fubar.mpg. + + +``` + +## 9.20 Tracking element + +The `Tracking` element provides carriage for privately defined attributes and data which shall be returned in normatively specified container elements. The returned `Tracking` element shall be an exact copy of the received original (i.e., the element is echoed back). The element's usage and return requirements are defined explicitly by the including Recommendation. (For example, see + +[ITU-T J.380.3].) The internal element information is opaque to all other logical services as the data is implementation specific to the originating logical service. + +An example Tracking element usage is as a unique identifier for a content asset. Typically, the value is assigned by an ADS to track a specific ad asset instance. For example, the Tracking element may be present in an adm:Placement element's core:Content element. [ITU-T J.380.3] mandates that the Tracking element always be provided when that specific core:Content element instance is thereafter referenced. Consequently in this example, if the Tracking element is provided in a core:Content element contained within an adm:Placement element and the same core:Content element is later used in an ADM named event element, the Tracking element is then provided either directly or indirectly in the named event element as noted in [ITU-T J.380.3]. The Tracking element is not limited to this usage but rather this example describes one possible usage. + +### 9.20.1 Tracking element schema + +Figure 53 illustrates the Tracking element's schema. + +![Figure 53 – Tracking Element Schema diagram](efbdfb3d9d5a7a7782ef29e131f9f280_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the Tracking element. On the left, a box labeled 'Tracking' is shown with a small square icon on its right side. Below this box is the text 'ADS specified identifier.'. A line connects this box to a larger box on the right labeled 'TrackingType'. Inside the 'TrackingType' box, there is a section labeled 'attributes' with a small square icon, and below it, a box containing the text 'any ##any'. + +Figure 53 – Tracking Element Schema diagram + +Figure 53 – Tracking Element Schema + +#### 9.20.1.1 Semantic definitions for the Tracking element + +@##any [Optional] – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The Tracking element's value is of type xsd:string and should not be empty (but may be if all the data is provided as attributes). + +### 9.20.2 Tracking element examples + +``` +TrackingTagExampleValue 123893 9893 8939398 993 +Put any string desired here. +``` + +## 9.21 URI element + +The URI (uniform resource identifier) element is used for identification, typically content identification (i.e., a name or identifier associated with an asset). See [IETF RFC 3986] for additional information. + +### 9.21.1 URI element schema + +Figure 54 illustrates the URI element's schema. + +![Figure 54 – URI element schema. The diagram shows a 'URI' element box on the left with the text 'Uniform resource identifier.' below it. A line connects this box to a 'URIType' box on the right. The 'URIType' box is yellow and contains an 'attributes' section with a single attribute 'any ##any'.](6f11044c88ea04e43de06c3491defeee_img.jpg) + +Figure 54 – URI element schema. The diagram shows a 'URI' element box on the left with the text 'Uniform resource identifier.' below it. A line connects this box to a 'URIType' box on the right. The 'URIType' box is yellow and contains an 'attributes' section with a single attribute 'any ##any'. + +**Figure 54 – URI element schema** + +#### 9.21.1.1 Semantic definition for the URI element + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attribute from any namespace. + +The URI element's value is of type xsd:anyURI and shall not be empty. See [IETF RFC 3986] for additional information. + +### 9.21.2 URI element examples + +``` +Any valid URI/URL/URN +ftp://somehost/asset.mpeg +``` + +# Annex A + +## StatusCode element @detail attribute values + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Table A.1 contains applicable values for the StatusCode element's @detail attribute. A checkmark (✓) in the ServiceCheckResponse (SCR), the ServiceStatusNotification (SSN), or the ServiceStatusAcknowledgment (SSA) column indicates when the code may be used. + +The @detail value shall be formed by preceding the last 3 numeric digits by the specification part with the exception of this document. Thus, the concatenated format is <###> where each # represents a digit. The exception is for this document which uses the values 0 to 2999. + +NOTE – Private implementation specific error codes shall be carried by an ExternalStatusCode element. See clause 9.13 for additional information. + +**Table A.1 – StatusCode element @detail attribute values** + +| @detail Value | Description | SCR | SSN | SSA | Comment | +|---------------|--------------------------------|-----|-----|-----|------------------------------| +| 0 | Reserved | | | | | +| 1 | Incomplete message | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | +| 2 | Message validation failed | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Includes a malformed message | +| 3 | Registration overlap | | | | | +| 4 | Query failed | | | | | +| 5 | Ambiguous details | ✓ | | ✓ | | +| 6 | Unsupported protocol | | | | | +| 7 | Network address does not exist | | ✓ | | | +| 8 | Network address/port in use | ✓ | ✓ | | | +| 9 | Duplicate message id | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | +| 10 | Network connection lost | ✓ | ✓ | | | +| 11 | Resource not found | ✓ | ✓ | | | +| 12 | Not supported | | | | | +| 13 | Not authorized | | | | | +| 14 | Unknown message reference | ✓ | | ✓ | | +| 15 | Resend forced abandonment | ✓ | | ✓ | | +| 16 | Out of resources | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | +| 17 | Timeout | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | +| 18 | General error | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | +| 19 to 2999 | Reserved for ITU-T J.380.2 | | | | | + +**Table A.1 – StatusCode element @detail attribute values** + +| @detail Value | Description | SCR | SSN | SSA | Comment | +|----------------------|----------------------------|------------|------------|------------|--------------------------------| +| 3000 to 3999 | Reserved for ITU-T J.380.3 | | | | ITU-T J.380.3 specific errors. | +| 4000 to 4999 | Reserved for ITU-T J.380.4 | | | | ITU-T J.380.4 specific errors. | +| 5000 to 5999 | Reserved for ITU-T J.380.5 | | | | ITU-T J.380.5 specific errors. | +| 6000 to 6999 | Reserved for ITU-T J.380.6 | | | | ITU-T J.380.6 specific errors. | +| 7000 to 7999 | Reserved for ITU-T J.380.7 | | | | ITU-T J.380.7 specific errors. | + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.380.1] ITU-T J.380.1 (2011), *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces – Advertising systems overview.* +- [b-IETF RFC 4122] IETF RFC 4122 (2005), *A Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) URN Namespace.* +- [b-SCTE 67] SCTE 67-2006, *Digital Program Insertion Cueing Message for Cable – Interpretation for SCTE 35.* +- [b-SCTE 118-1] ANSI/SCTE 118-1-2006, *Program-Specific Ad Insertion – Data Field Definitions, Functional Overview and Application Guidelines.* +- [b-SCTE 118-2] ANSI/SCTE 118-2-2007, *Program-Specific Ad Insertion – Content Provider to Traffic Communication Applications Data Model.* +- [b-XMLSchemaP0] W3C Recommendation XML Schema Part 0 (2004), *XML Schema Part 0: Primer Second Edition.* +<> +- [b-CLAD II-1] CableLabs® (2006), *Asset Distribution Interface Specification Version 1.1: MD-SP-ADI1.1-I04-060505.* +<> +- [b-CLAD I2-0] CableLabs® (2007), *ADI 2.0 Specification Asset Structure: MD-SP-ADI2.0-AS-I03-070105.* +<> +- [b-CLADVS 2-0] CableLabs® (2007), *Advertising Distribution 2.0 Specification: MD-SP-ADVS2.0-I01-070105.* +<> +- [b-CLAIM 2-0] CableLabs® (2006), *ADI 2.0 Specification Asset Inventory Messages: MD-SP-ADI2.0-AIM-I02-060505.* +<> +- [b-CLVOD 1-1] CableLabs® (2006), *Video-on-Demand Content Specification Version 1.1: MD-SP-VOD-CONTENT1.1-I05-060831.* +<> +- [b-CLVOD 2-0] CableLabs® (2007), *Video-On-Demand Content Specification Version 2.0: MD-SP-VOD-CONTENT2.0-I02-070105.* +<> + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.380.4-201111-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.380.4-201111-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7de16a39406d7fc7b2ea45f27724ca808c5f6f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.380.4-201111-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,2619 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.380.4** + +(11/2011) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals + +--- + +**Digital program insertion – Advertising systems +interfaces – Content information service** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.4 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.380.4** + +## **Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Content information service** + +# **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.4 describes the digital program insertion advertising systems interfaces' content information service (CIS) messaging and data type specification using XML, XML namespaces, and XML schema. + +# **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.380.4 | 2011-11-13 | 9 | + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +# INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2012 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|------|----------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 | Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 2 | +| 3.2 | Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 2 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 5.1 | Normative XML schema ..... | 2 | +| 5.2 | Document conventions ..... | 2 | +| 5.3 | Processing conventions ..... | 2 | +| 5.4 | XML namespaces ..... | 2 | +| 6 | CIS messages..... | 2 | +| 6.1 | @version attribute ..... | 3 | +| 6.2 | Request base message..... | 3 | +| 6.3 | Response base message ..... | 3 | +| 6.4 | Notification base message ..... | 4 | +| 6.5 | Acknowledgement base message ..... | 4 | +| 6.6 | Messages requiring content notification registration ..... | 4 | +| 6.7 | Default logical service channel endpoint ..... | 4 | +| 6.8 | CIS message exchange ..... | 4 | +| 6.9 | ListSupportedFeatures request and response..... | 5 | +| 6.10 | ListContentNotificationRegistration request and response ..... | 9 | +| 6.11 | ContentNotificationRegistration request and response ..... | 12 | +| 6.12 | Content notification and acknowledgement ..... | 16 | +| 6.13 | CreateCursor request and response ..... | 19 | +| 6.14 | Cancel Cursor request and response..... | 23 | +| 6.15 | ContentQuery request and response ..... | 26 | +| 6.16 | ContentNotificationDeregister request and response ..... | 30 | +| 6.17 | Deregistration notification and acknowledgement..... | 34 | +| 6.18 | ServiceCheck support..... | 38 | +| 6.19 | ServiceStatus support ..... | 38 | +| 7 | CIS element details ..... | 38 | +| 7.1 | Basic and advanced queries ..... | 38 | +| 7.2 | ContentNotificationSelector ..... | 39 | +| 7.3 | ContentQuery ..... | 40 | +| 7.4 | Cursor ..... | 40 | +| 7.5 | ContentQueryResult ..... | 41 | + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 7.6 QueryFilter ..... | 42 | +| 7.7 FilterElement ..... | 43 | +| 7.8 BasicQueryResultList..... | 44 | +| 7.9 AdvancedFilterElement..... | 45 | +| 7.10 AdvancedQueryResultList ..... | 45 | +| 7.11 AdvancedQueryResult..... | 46 | +| 7.12 DataModelList..... | 47 | +| 7.13 AdvancedQueryLanguageList..... | 47 | +| 7.14 AdvancedQueryLanguage ..... | 47 | +| 8 ITU-T J.380.4 CIS attribute types ..... | 48 | +| 8.1 Semantic definitions for ITU-T J.380. 4 CIS attribute types ..... | 48 | +| 9 Basic queries and regular expressions ..... | 49 | +| 9.1 Regular expressions and wildcards ..... | 50 | +| Annex A – Statuscode element @detail attribute values ..... | 52 | +| Annex B – Web services definition language (WSDL)..... | 54 | +| B.1 WSDL target namespace URI format..... | 54 | +| B.2 WSDL description ..... | 54 | +| Appendix I – Complex queries and expanded output..... | 56 | +| I.1 Multiple Filter Elements..... | 56 | +| I.2 Expanded output..... | 57 | +| Appendix II – Advanced queries ..... | 59 | +| II.1 Advanced queries ..... | 59 | +| Appendix III – Cursors ..... | 60 | +| III.1 Creating cursors..... | 60 | +| III.2 Walking cursors..... | 61 | +| III.3 Cancelling existing cursors..... | 61 | +| Appendix IV – Complete examples of messages..... | 63 | +| IV.1 ListSupportedFeatures request and response..... | 63 | +| IV.2 ContentQuery request and response ..... | 64 | +| IV.3 ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest..... | 65 | +| IV.4 ContentNotification ..... | 66 | +| Bibliography..... | 68 | + +# List of Figures + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------|------| +| Figure 1 – CIS system overview ..... | vii | +| Figure 2 – CIS message exchange ..... | 5 | +| Figure 3 – ListSupportedFeaturesRequest XML schema ..... | 6 | +| Figure 4 – ListSupportedFeaturesResponse XML schema..... | 7 | + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Figure 5 – ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest XML schema..... | 9 | +| Figure 6 – ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse XML schema ..... | 11 | +| Figure 7 – ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest XML schema..... | 13 | +| Figure 8 – ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse ..... | 15 | +| Figure 9 – ContentNotification XML schema ..... | 17 | +| Figure 10 – ContentNotificationAcknowledgement XML schema ..... | 18 | +| Figure 11 – CreateCursorRequest XML schema ..... | 20 | +| Figure 12 – CreateCursorResponse XML schema..... | 22 | +| Figure 13 – CancelCursorRequest XML schema ..... | 24 | +| Figure 14 – CancelCursorResponse XML schema ..... | 25 | +| Figure 15 – ContentQueryRequest XML schema..... | 27 | +| Figure 16 – ContentQueryResponse XML schema ..... | 29 | +| Figure 17 – ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest..... | 31 | +| Figure 18 – ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse XML schema ..... | 33 | +| Figure 19 – DeregistrationNotification XML schema ..... | 35 | +| Figure 20 – DeregistrationAcknowledgement XML schema ..... | 37 | +| Figure 21 – ContentNotificationSelector XML schema ..... | 39 | +| Figure 22 – ContentQuery XML schema..... | 40 | +| Figure 23 – Cursor XML schema ..... | 41 | +| Figure 24 – ContentQueryResult XML schema ..... | 42 | +| Figure 25 – QueryFilter XML schema..... | 43 | +| Figure 26 – FilterElement XML schema ..... | 44 | +| Figure 27 – BasicQueryResultList XML schema ..... | 44 | +| Figure 28 – AdvancedFilterElement XML schema ..... | 45 | +| Figure 29 – AdvancedQueryResultList XML schema..... | 46 | +| Figure 30 – AdvancedQueryResult XML schema ..... | 46 | +| Figure 31 – DataModelList XML schema ..... | 47 | +| Figure 32 – AdvancedQueryLanguageList XML schema ..... | 47 | +| Figure 33 – AdvancedQueryLanguage XML schema ..... | 48 | +| Figure 34 – Example 1 ..... | 49 | +| Figure 35 – Example 2 ..... | 50 | +| Figure B.1 – ITU-T J.380.4 WSDL target namespace URI..... | 54 | +| Figure B.2 – CIS WSDL document ..... | 54 | +| Figure I.1 – Example 3..... | 56 | +| Figure I.2 – Example 4..... | 56 | +| Figure I.3 – Example 5..... | 57 | +| Figure I.4 – Example 6..... | 57 | + +| | | +|---------------------------------|----| +| Figure I.5 – Example 7 ..... | 58 | +| Figure I.6 – Example 8 ..... | 58 | +| Figure I.7 – Example 9 ..... | 58 | +| Figure II.1 – Example 10 ..... | 59 | +| Figure II.2 – Example 11 ..... | 59 | +| Figure III.1 – Example 12 ..... | 60 | +| Figure III.2 – Example 13 ..... | 60 | +| Figure III.3 – Example 14 ..... | 61 | +| Figure III.4 – Example 15 ..... | 61 | +| Figure III.5 – Example 16 ..... | 61 | +| Figure III.6 – Example 17 ..... | 62 | +| Figure IV.1 – Example 18 ..... | 63 | +| Figure IV.2 – Example 19 ..... | 63 | +| Figure IV.3 – Example 20 ..... | 64 | +| Figure IV.4 – Example 21 ..... | 64 | +| Figure IV.5 – Example 22 ..... | 65 | +| Figure IV.6 – Example 23 ..... | 65 | +| Figure IV.7 – Example 24 ..... | 66 | +| Figure IV.8 – Example 25 ..... | 66 | +| Figure IV.9 – Example 26 ..... | 67 | +| Figure IV.10 – Example 27 ..... | 67 | + +# List of Tables + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Table 1 – XML namespace declarations ..... | 2 | +| Table 2 – CIS top level messages ..... | 3 | +| Table 3 – ListSupportedFeatures core:Callout @message values ..... | 8 | +| Table 4 – ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse core:Callout @message values ..... | 14 | +| Table 5 – ContentNotification@Type values ..... | 16 | +| Table 6 – CIS elementary message details ..... | 38 | +| Table 7 – Advanced query languages ..... | 39 | +| Table 8 – BasicQueryResultList child elements ..... | 45 | +| Table 9 – AdvancedQueryResult CDATA contents ..... | 46 | +| Table 10 – QueryFilterOpTypeEnumeration values ..... | 49 | +| Table 11 – CIS regular expressions ..... | 50 | +| Table 12 – Regular expression examples ..... | 51 | +| Table A.1 – StatusCode details ..... | 52 | +| Table A.2 – ITU-T J.380.2 and ITU-T J.380.4 StatusCode detail usage ..... | 52 | + +# Introduction + +A content information service (CIS) provides asset metadata query and notification services, including media availability if known, to service consumers. Using the interfaces defined in this specification, service consumers may retrieve detailed information about assets referenced by a CIS. + +![Figure 1 – CIS system overview diagram showing various CIS implementations and their associated systems.](562f471e8153729557e6a4ee6343c32c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the CIS system overview, showing various implementations and their associated systems. It is organized into three horizontal levels of boxes, with dashed lines indicating logical groupings. + +- Top Level:** + - A dashed box on the left contains two grey boxes: "VOD advertisement insertion system" and "Content management system". Below them, a white box labeled "ADM" is connected to a green box labeled "CIS" by a double-headed arrow. + - A dashed box on the right contains a grey box labeled "Linear advertisement insertion and content management system". Below it, a white box labeled "ADM/CIS" is shown. +- Middle Level:** + - A dashed box on the left contains two white boxes: "ADS" and "SIS". + - A dashed box in the center contains a white box labeled "ADS/CIS". + - A dashed box on the right contains a white box labeled "POIS". +- Bottom Level:** + - A dashed box on the left contains a grey box labeled "Subscriber targeting system". + - A dashed box in the center contains a grey box labeled "Campaign management system". + - A dashed box on the right contains a grey box labeled "Placement opportunity management system". + +**Connections:** + +- Arrows point from the "ADM" box in the top-left to the "ADS" and "SIS" boxes in the middle-left. +- An arrow points from the "CIS" box in the top-left to the "ADS/CIS" box in the middle-center. +- An arrow points from the "ADM/CIS" box in the top-right to the "ADS/CIS" box in the middle-center. +- A dashed arrow points from the "ADM/CIS" box in the top-right to the "POIS" box in the middle-right. +- A dashed arrow points from the "ADS/CIS" box in the middle-center to the "POIS" box in the middle-right. + +J.380.4(11)\_F01 + +Figure 1 – CIS system overview diagram showing various CIS implementations and their associated systems. + +**Figure 1 – CIS system overview** + +Figure 1 provides examples of several possible CIS implementations with respect to the ITU-T J.380 logical services. Locations for CIS logical services are not limited to physical content stores, but may also be implemented on top of any physical instances containing asset information. + +A CIS answers queries concerning its associated physical content store(s) and issues notification messages when physical content store changes are detected. The interface between the CIS and the physical content store is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +The existence of a CIS implementation, either as a standalone system or as a logical service coexisting with other services or systems, does not imply physical presence of referenced assets. Asset availability may be signalled by the CIS through specific attribute values in the query and content notification response messages. See clauses 7.8 and 7.11 for additional details on asset availability indication. + +This Recommendation describes the message sets used to form basic and/or advanced queries against CIS fronted asset metadata. Basic queries leverage a limited key/value regular expression grammar while advanced queries support industry standard XML parsing languages and other user-defined query languages. See clause 7.14 for additional information on advanced query language support and clause 7.1 for additional information on basic and advanced query mechanisms. + +This Recommendation also describes cursor-based operations for both basic and advanced queries. Consumers may request the creation of temporary static, cursor-based information with specified lifetimes, and then iterate over the information until the cursor life cycle completes (i.e., expires). See clause 7.4 for additional information on cursors. + +This Recommendation includes a notification model for CIS to consumer messaging. The model includes associated notification management functions such as registration, deregistration and active registration listing. + +ITU-T J.380.4 also facilitates the expression of CIS supported data model(s). The examples provided herein assume that the CIS supports a data model similar to the CableLabs Asset Distribution Interface Specification (ADI), Version 1.1. See [b-CLADI1-1]. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.380.4 + +## Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Content information service + +# 1 Scope + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.4 describes the digital program insertion advertising systems interfaces' content information service (CIS) messaging and data type specification using XML, XML namespaces, and XML schema. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.380.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.2 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Core data elements*. +- [ITU-T J.380.7] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.7 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Message transport*. +- [SCTE 118-3] ANSI/SCTE 118-3-2006, *Program-Specific Ad Insertion – Traffic System to Ad Insertion System File Format Specification*. +- [SCTE 130-4 Schema] ANSI/SCTE 130-4-2009, *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces Part 4 – Content Information Service (CIS) – Schema file*. +- [SCTE 130-4 CIS WSDL] ANSI/SCTE 130-4-2009, *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces Part 4 – Content Information Service (CIS) – Web Services Description Language file*. +- [W3C XPath] W3C Recommendation XPath Version 1.0 (1999), *XML Path Language (XPath)*. +- [W3C Xquery] W3C Recommendation XQuery Version 1.0 (2007), *An XML Query Language (XQuery)*. +- [XMLSchemaP1] W3C Recommendation (2004), *XML Schema Part 1: Structures (Second Edition)*. +<> +- [XMLSchemaP2] W3C Recommendation (2004), *XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes (Second Edition)*. +<> + +# 3 Definitions + +All [ITU-T J.380.2] definitions are included herein. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**Cursor:** A temporary CIS construct containing static data. CIS clients may create and access cursor information using the standard query mechanisms described in this Recommendation. + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +None. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +In addition to all [ITU-T J.380.2] abbreviations, this Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +CDATA Character DATA – XML data that is not parsed. CDATA carries markup examples that would otherwise be interpreted as XML because of the tags. + +# 5 Conventions + +## 5.1 Normative XML schema + +See [ITU-T J.380.2]. + +## 5.2 Document conventions + +This Recommendation utilizes the same document conventions as [ITU-T J.380.2]. + +## 5.3 Processing conventions + +Unknown/Unrecognized/Unsupported XML elements and attributes. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for information. + +## 5.4 XML namespaces + +This specification uses the 'cis' prefix, as described in Table 1, for the interface associated with the specific XML namespace URI that shall be used by all implementations. Table 1 lists the prefix, the corresponding namespace, and a description of the defining specification used herein. + +**Table 1 – XML namespace declarations** + +| Prefix | Namespace | Description | +|--------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| core | http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-2/2008a/core | See [ITU-T J.380.2] | +| cis | http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-4/2008a/cis | ITU-T J.380.4 | +| xsd | http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema | See [XMLSchemaP1] and [XMLSchemaP2] | + +Unless otherwise stated, all references to XML elements illustrated in this Recommendation are from the 'cis' namespace. Elements from other namespaces will be prefixed with the name of the external namespace, e.g. . + +# 6 CIS messages + +The following topics are covered by [ITU-T J.380.2] and this specification considers all aspects defined therein to be normative and applicable herein. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +- Message format +- XML message carriage + +- Transport mechanisms +- Message error handling + +The CIS message interface shall include the messages defined in [ITU-T J.380.2]. Table 2 identifies additional ITU-T J.380.4 CIS specific messages. + +**Table 2 – CIS top level messages** + +| Message | Description | +|---------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------| +| ListSupportedFeaturesRequest | Request to retrieve a list of CIS supported features | +| ListSupportedFeaturesResponse | Response to ListSupportedFeaturesRequest | +| ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest | Request to list existing registrations | +| ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse | Response to ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest | +| ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest | Registration request for content notification | +| ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse | Response to ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest | +| ContentNotification | Notification message indicating asset status change | +| ContentNotificationAcknowledgement | Response to ContentNotification | +| CreateCursorRequest | Request to create a cursor | +| CreateCursorResponse | Response to CreateCursorRequest | +| CancelCursorRequest | Request to cancel an existing cursor | +| CancelCursorResponse | Response to CancelCursorRequest | +| ContentQueryRequest | Request to acquire records from the CIS | +| ContentQueryResponse | Response to ContentQueryRequest | +| ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest | Request to de-register a previously accepted registration | +| ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse | Response to ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest | +| DeregistrationNotification | Deregistration notification | +| DeregistrationAcknowledgement | Deregistration notification acknowledgement | + +## 6.1 @version attribute + +For all ITU-T J.380.4 messages specified in Table 2, the [ITU-T J.380.2] @version attribute shall be set to the value "1.1" for this edition of the Recommendation. + +## 6.2 Request base message + +All CIS top level *request* messages are derived from the core:Msg\_RequestBaseType abstract base message type. See the [ITU-T J.380.2] document for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +## 6.3 Response base message + +All CIS top level *response* messages are derived from the core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType abstract base message type. See the [ITU-T J.380.2] document for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +## 6.4 Notification base message + +All CIS top level *notification* messages are derived from the core:Msg\_NotificationBaseType abstract base message type. See the [ITU-T J.380.2] document for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +## 6.5 Acknowledgement base message + +All CIS top level *acknowledgement* messages are derived from the core:Msg\_AcknowledgementBaseType abstract base message type. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +## 6.6 Messages requiring content notification registration + +Registration is required for ContentNotification, ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest and DeregistrationNotification message exchanges. All other CIS messages do not require registration and may be sent at any time. + +## 6.7 Default logical service channel endpoint + +At a minimum, the CIS shall support the receipt of the ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message on the default (well-known) logical service channel endpoint address for the CIS. Other CIS messages may also be offered on the default (well-known) logical service channel endpoint or may be optionally offered on additional logical service channel endpoints. In order to discover all CIS provided logical service channel endpoints, clients must complete a ListSupportedFeatures transaction with the CIS. + +See clause 6.9.2 for additional information on the ListSupportedFeaturesResponse message. + +See [ITU-T J.380.2] for a complete description of the terms (message, endpoint and logical service channel). + +## 6.8 CIS message exchange + +The following diagram illustrates a typical message exchange between a CIS client and the CIS. + +![Sequence diagram of CIS message exchange between a CIS client and a CIS. The diagram shows a series of request/response message exchanges. The first four are: ListSupportedFeaturesRequest/Response, ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response, ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response, and CreateCursorRequest/Response. A dashed line separates these from the next three: ContentQueryRequest/Response, ContentNotification/Acknowledgement, and ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest/Response. These three are grouped by a bracket labeled 'See Note'. The final exchange is DeregistrationNotification/Acknowledgement. The diagram is labeled J.380.4(11)_F02 at the bottom right.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant CIS client + participant CIS + Note left of CIS client: J.380.4(11)_F02 + CIS client->>CIS: ListSupportedFeaturesRequest/Response + CIS-->>CIS client: ListSupportedFeaturesRequest/Response + CIS client->>CIS: ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response + CIS-->>CIS client: ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response + CIS client->>CIS: ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response + CIS-->>CIS client: ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response + CIS client->>CIS: CreateCursorRequest/Response + CIS-->>CIS client: CreateCursorRequest/Response + Note right of CIS: See Note + Note left of CIS: ----- + CIS client->>CIS: ContentQueryRequest/Response + CIS-->>CIS client: ContentQueryRequest/Response + CIS client->>CIS: ContentNotification/Acknowledgement + CIS-->>CIS client: ContentNotification/Acknowledgement + CIS client->>CIS: ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest/Response + CIS-->>CIS client: ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest/Response + CIS client->>CIS: DeregistrationNotification/Acknowledgement + CIS-->>CIS client: DeregistrationNotification/Acknowledgement + +``` + +Sequence diagram of CIS message exchange between a CIS client and a CIS. The diagram shows a series of request/response message exchanges. The first four are: ListSupportedFeaturesRequest/Response, ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response, ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response, and CreateCursorRequest/Response. A dashed line separates these from the next three: ContentQueryRequest/Response, ContentNotification/Acknowledgement, and ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest/Response. These three are grouped by a bracket labeled 'See Note'. The final exchange is DeregistrationNotification/Acknowledgement. The diagram is labeled J.380.4(11)\_F02 at the bottom right. + +NOTE – The ContentQuery and ContentNotification exchange can be called or may happen repeatedly between logical service channel set-up and tear down. + +**Figure 2 – CIS message exchange** + +Figure 2 illustrates all of the message exchanges that are specific to the CIS. The ServiceCheck and ServiceStatus message exchanges are not depicted in this illustration. + +## 6.9 ListSupportedFeatures request and response + +The ListSupportedFeatures request and response messages allow clients to inquire about CIS supported data models and advanced query languages. + +### 6.9.1 ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message + +The ListSupportedFeatures request message allows a CIS client to inquire about the data models and advanced query languages supported by a CIS. Advanced query language support is optional and thus, the response message may or may not contain information regarding advanced query languages. + +The XML schema definition for this message is illustrated in Figure 3. + +![Diagram of the ListSupportedFeaturesRequest XML schema. The diagram shows a 'ListSupportedFeaturesRequest' element pointing to a 'ListSupportedFeaturesRequestType' box. Inside the box, an 'attributes' section contains 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes are 'InitiatorData' and 'core:Ext' elements.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **ListSupportedFeaturesRequest** XML schema. A box labeled **ListSupportedFeaturesRequest** points to a larger box labeled **ListSupportedFeaturesRequestType**. Inside the **ListSupportedFeaturesRequestType** box, there is an **attributes** section containing the following elements: **messageId** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), **resend** (Message retransmission identifier), and **any ##any** (Any additional attributes from any namespace). Below the attributes section, there are two elements: **InitiatorData** (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message) and **core:Ext** (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). + +Diagram of the ListSupportedFeaturesRequest XML schema. The diagram shows a 'ListSupportedFeaturesRequest' element pointing to a 'ListSupportedFeaturesRequestType' box. Inside the box, an 'attributes' section contains 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes are 'InitiatorData' and 'core:Ext' elements. + +**Figure 3 – ListSupportedFeaturesRequest XML schema** + +The ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the ListSupportedFeaturesResponse message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### 6.9.2 ListSupportedFeaturesResponse message + +A successful ListSupportedFeaturesResponse message shall contain, at a minimum, a single core:Callout element containing one or more core:Address element(s). See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:Callout element. + +The XML schema definition for this message is illustrated in Figure 4. + +![Diagram of the ListSupportedFeaturesResponse XML schema structure.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the **ListSupportedFeaturesResponse** message. It is structured as follows: + +- ListSupportedFeaturesResponse** (Root element) + - attributes** (Group of attributes): + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: Any additional attributes. + - InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. + - StatusCode**: Request processing status code. + - core:Callout**: All messages or per message type destination endpoint identification. (Multiplicity: 0..∞) + - DataModelList** + - AdvancedQueryLanguageList** + - core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of the ListSupportedFeaturesResponse XML schema structure. + +Figure 4 – ListSupportedFeaturesResponse XML schema + +The ListSupportedFeaturesResponse message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – An core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Callout [Optional]** – Zero or more core:Callout elements specifying the service channel message endpoint(s). See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on core:Callout. Table 3 contains the values for the @message attribute of the core:Callout element. Values for the @message attribute should be used exactly as defined in this table. + +**Table 3 – ListSupportedFeatures core:Callout @message values** + +| Value | Description | +|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest | Destination endpoint for message. | +| ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest | Destination endpoint for message. | +| ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest | Destination endpoint for message. | +| CreateCursorRequest | Destination endpoint for message. | +| CancelCursorRequest | Destination endpoint for message. | +| ContentQueryRequest | Destination endpoint for message. | +| ServiceStatusNotification | Destination endpoint for message. | + +**DataModelList [Optional]** – The DataModelList element contains a sequence of core:ContentDataModel elements indicating the data models supported by this CIS. See the [ITU-T J.380.2] documentation for a list of the supported data models. See clause 7.12 for additional information on the DataModelList element. + +**AdvancedQueryLanguageList [Optional]** – The AdvancedQueryLanguageList element contains a list of the advanced query languages supported by the CIS. See Table 7 for a list of advanced query processing languages for CIS implementations that support advanced query language capabilities. See clause 7.13 for additional information on the AdvancedQueryLanguageList element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## 6.10 ListContentNotificationRegistration request and response + +A CIS client may inquire about current registrations by using the ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message. The CIS shall respond to the ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message with a ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message. This allows a CIS client to discover the active notification queries that were previously installed by one or more ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest messages. + +### 6.10.1 ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message + +The ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message may be issued to a CIS to retrieve information about active ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest messages. + +The XML schema definition for this message is illustrated in Figure 5. + +![Figure 5: ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest XML schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequestType. It includes a 'ListContentNotificationRegistrat...' label on the left pointing to a box containing the 'attributes' section. The 'attributes' section lists: 'messageId' (Unique message element identifier), 'version' (Assigned specification part version number), 'identity' (Logical service source identifier), 'system' (Message origin identifier), 'resend' (Message retransmission identifier), and 'registrationRef'. Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message) and 'core:Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace).](898fb89a50d9ec1dfb4e425c816976a7_img.jpg) + +Figure 5: ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest XML schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequestType. It includes a 'ListContentNotificationRegistrat...' label on the left pointing to a box containing the 'attributes' section. The 'attributes' section lists: 'messageId' (Unique message element identifier), 'version' (Assigned specification part version number), 'identity' (Logical service source identifier), 'system' (Message origin identifier), 'resend' (Message retransmission identifier), and 'registrationRef'. Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message) and 'core:Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). + +Figure 5 – ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest XML schema + +The ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_RequestBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@registrationRef [Optional, core:registrationRefAttrType]** – A reference to an original ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message. This attribute instructs the CIS to only list the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message identified by this reference. The value shall always be the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message's @messageId attribute value, which in a retransmitted registration message, shall be the @resend attribute's value. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### **6.10.2 ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message** + +The ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message is the response pair to the previously defined ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message. + +The XML schema definition for this message is illustrated in Figure 6. + +![XML schema diagram for ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponseType. The diagram shows a complex type with attributes and elements. Attributes include messageId, version, identity, system, and messageRef. Elements include InitiatorData, StatusCode, ContentNotificationRegistration..., and core:Ext.](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for **ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponseType**. It is structured as follows: + +- attributes** (group): + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: Any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- ContentNotificationRegistration...**: A list of content notification registrations with a multiplicity of 0..∞. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +XML schema diagram for ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponseType. The diagram shows a complex type with attributes and elements. Attributes include messageId, version, identity, system, and messageRef. Elements include InitiatorData, StatusCode, ContentNotificationRegistration..., and core:Ext. + +**Figure 6 – ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse XML schema** + +The **ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse** message is derived from the core namespace base type **core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType** and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – An core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest [Optional]** – Zero or more ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message elements. The ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest element shall be a recorded copy of the accepted registration message. The message element order does not convey any information (e.g., element order does not reflect registration order). See clause 6.11.1 for additional information on the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## 6.11 ContentNotificationRegistration request and response + +A CIS shall support registration for ContentNotification message delivery. The ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message enables a client to specify notification interests relative to a selectively defined asset set. On receipt of an asset update, addition or deletion event from the underlying content store, the CIS shall send a ContentNotification message to each matching registered client. + +### 6.11.1 ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message + +The ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message allows a client to specify a set of asset related notification interests. These registered interests shall be examined by the CIS relative to content store changes. If a change to the content store results in a match, a notification containing the result of the matching query shall be sent to the client in the form of a ContentNotification message. + +The XML schema representation of the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message is illustrated in Figure 7. + +![XML schema diagram for ContentNotificationRegistrationRequestType. The diagram shows a yellow box representing the type, with a dashed border. Inside, there's an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', and 'resend' attributes, plus an 'any ##any' placeholder. Below attributes are two choice elements (indicated by dashed lines with dots). The first choice contains 'InitiatorData'. The second choice contains 'core:Callout' (with a 1..∞ cardinality), 'ContentNotificationSelector', and 'core:Ext'.](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the **ContentNotificationRegistrationRequestType** XML schema. It is a complex type with the following structure: + +- attributes**: A group of attributes including: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - any ##any**: Placeholder for any additional attributes. +- Choice 1**: Contains the **InitiatorData** element, described as "Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message." +- Choice 2**: Contains a sequence of elements: + - core:Callout**: "All messages or per message type destination endpoint identification." with a cardinality of **1..∞**. + - ContentNotificationSelector** + - core:Ext**: "Extensibility - elements from any namespace." + +XML schema diagram for ContentNotificationRegistrationRequestType. The diagram shows a yellow box representing the type, with a dashed border. Inside, there's an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', and 'resend' attributes, plus an 'any ##any' placeholder. Below attributes are two choice elements (indicated by dashed lines with dots). The first choice contains 'InitiatorData'. The second choice contains 'core:Callout' (with a 1..∞ cardinality), 'ContentNotificationSelector', and 'core:Ext'. + +**Figure 7 – ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest XML schema** + +The ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_RequestBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:Callout [Required]** – The core:Callout element provides callback message and address information to the CIS. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for a complete description of the Callout element. + +Before generating a ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse, the CIS may send a core:ServiceCheckRequest message to a core:Address, in order to verify the validity of the callback endpoint. The CIS shall not fail the registration for a core:ServiceCheck message failure provided at least one address of each callout is reachable. + +A CIS implementation shall recognize the values listed in Table 4 as values for the core:Callout @message attribute. + +**Table 4 – ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse core:Callout @message values** + +| @message value | Description | +|----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ContentNotification | Value associated with the address endpoint where ContentNotification messages shall be sent. | +| ServiceStatusNotification | Value associated with the address endpoint where ServiceStatusNotification messages shall be sent. | +| DeregistrationNotification | Value associated with the address endpoint where DeregistrationNotification messages shall be sent. | +| ... | User defined address endpoint outside of the scope of this specification. The string shall be prefixed with the text "private:". | + +If the @message attribute of the core:Callout element is blank, a CIS implementation shall send all unsolicited messages to the default endpoint supplied in the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest from the client. + +**ContentNotificationSelector [Required]** – The ContentNotificationSelector element contains all of the necessary elements required to specify a collection of asset interests for notification purposes. See clause 7.2 for additional details on the ContentNotificationSelector element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### **6.11.2 ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message** + +Upon completion of processing a ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message, the CIS shall respond with a ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message. + +The XML schema diagram for the ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse message is as follows in Figure 8. + +![Diagram of ContentNotificationRegistrationResponseType structure](7133ccf78043568ca62ecbcd43628a4a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **ContentNotificationRegistrationResponseType**. It is shown as a yellow-shaded box containing several elements and attributes. + +- attributes**: A group containing the following attributes: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: A placeholder for any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +On the left, a box labeled **ContentNotificationRegistration...** is connected to the main structure by a line with a small square at the junction. Below the attributes box, there are two lines with small circles at their ends, one leading to **InitiatorData** and the other to **core:Ext**. + +Diagram of ContentNotificationRegistrationResponseType structure + +**Figure 8 – ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse** + +The ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – A core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## 6.12 Content notification and acknowledgement + +A CIS shall support the exchange of ContentNotification and ContentNotificationAcknowledgement messages with registered consumers for the purpose of content asset change notification. + +### 6.12.1 ContentNotification message + +Upon detection of a change in one or more assets referenced by the CIS, a CIS shall send a ContentNotification message to qualified, registered clients. A change to an asset includes the set of definitions described in Table 5. The values shall appear exactly as they appear in Table 5 (i.e., all in lower case) + +**Table 5 – ContentNotification@Type values** + +| ContentNotification@Type value | Description | +|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| update | An asset has been updated (i.e., some part of an asset has changed) | +| new | A new asset has been added to the collection of assets referenced by the CIS | +| delete | A CIS referenced asset has been deleted | +| ... | User defined ContentNotification types outside of the scope of this specification. The string shall be prefixed with the text "private:" | + +The XML schema for the ContentNotification message is illustrated in Figure 9. + +![UML class diagram of ContentNotificationType XML schema. The diagram shows a class named ContentNotificationType with an 'attributes' compartment containing messageId, version, identity, system, resend, type, and any ##any. It also has two associations: one to ContentNotification (multiplicity 1..*) and another to a group containing InitiatorData and ContentQueryResult (multiplicity 1..*). ContentQueryResult is further associated with core:Ext.](aaf3e6e44cdeabd6d1df869c5f392ea1_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ContentNotificationType { + -attributes + messageId + version + identity + system + resend + type + any ##any + } + ContentNotificationType "1..*" -- "1" ContentNotification + ContentNotificationType "1..*" -- "1" InitiatorData + ContentNotificationType "1..*" -- "1" ContentQueryResult + ContentQueryResult -- core:Ext + +``` + +UML class diagram of ContentNotificationType XML schema. The diagram shows a class named ContentNotificationType with an 'attributes' compartment containing messageId, version, identity, system, resend, type, and any ##any. It also has two associations: one to ContentNotification (multiplicity 1..\*) and another to a group containing InitiatorData and ContentQueryResult (multiplicity 1..\*). ContentQueryResult is further associated with core:Ext. + +**Figure 9 – ContentNotification XML schema** + +The ContentNotification message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_NotificationBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@type [Required, cis:contentNotificationTypeEnumeration]** – The @type attribute is an enumeration that shall contain one of the values listed above in Table 5. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the ContentNotificationAcknowledgement message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**ContentQueryResult [Required]** – This element contains the list of assets that were subject to a change in the repository and have qualified against the client's original content notification requirements. See clause 7.5 for additional information on the ContentQueryResult element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### 6.12.2 ContentNotificationAcknowledgement Message + +Upon the receipt of a ContentNotification message, a CIS client shall respond with a ContentNotificationAcknowledgement message. + +The XML schema for the ContentNotificationAcknowledgement element is illustrated in Figure 10. + +![XML schema diagram for ContentNotificationAcknowledgementType. The diagram shows a tree structure starting with ContentNotificationAcknowledgementType. It branches into attributes and elements. Attributes include messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, and any ##any. Elements include InitiatorData, StatusCode, and core:Ext.](705ee99c3c44fd2a1ea6a3348ce8878f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the **ContentNotificationAcknowledgementType**. It is structured as follows: + +- ContentNotificationAcknowledgementType** (Root) + - attributes** + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: (Wildcard attribute) + - InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the notification message recipient if present in the original notification message. + - StatusCode**: Notification processing status code. + - core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +XML schema diagram for ContentNotificationAcknowledgementType. The diagram shows a tree structure starting with ContentNotificationAcknowledgementType. It branches into attributes and elements. Attributes include messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, and any ##any. Elements include InitiatorData, StatusCode, and core:Ext. + +**Figure 10 – ContentNotificationAcknowledgement XML schema** + +The ContentNotificationAcknowledgement message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_AcknowledgementBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ContentNotification message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ContentNotification message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the ContentNotification message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – A core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## 6.13 CreateCursor request and response + +A CIS shall support cursors of static asset information for both basic and advanced queries, which shall exist for a specified duration. Upon creation of a cursor on the CIS, the asset information in the cursor shall remain static relative to the referenced content store. + +Cursors have a limited life span, which is first requested by the client, but may be overridden by a CIS. As part of the CreateCursorRequest message, the client shall specify a @cursorExpires date and time value attribute. This is a request to a CIS for a specific end date and value for the cursor identified by the @cursorId attribute. A CIS, in order to maintain overall system health, may choose to override a requested cursor expires end date and time value and substitute a different, implementation specific, cursor expires end date and time value. See clause 7.4 for additional information on cursors. + +### 6.13.1 CreateCursorRequest message + +The CreateCursorRequest message is used to create an instance of a static cursor on a CIS. + +The XML schema for the CreateCursorRequest message is listed in Figure 11. + +![UML diagram of the CreateCursorRequest XML schema. The diagram shows a 'CreateCursorRequest' box pointing to a 'CreateCursorRequestType' box. The 'CreateCursorRequestType' box contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', 'cursorId', and 'cursorExpires' attributes, plus an 'any ##any' placeholder. Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (described as private data to be returned) and 'ContentQuery', which further branches into 'core:Ext' (described as extensibility elements from any namespace).](11edb7fcedf09ac6a817f8d7b8c61eec_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **CreateCursorRequest** XML schema. A box labeled **CreateCursorRequest** points to a larger box labeled **CreateCursorRequestType**. Inside the **CreateCursorRequestType** box, there is a section for **attributes** containing **messageId**, **version**, **identity**, **system**, **resend**, **cursorId**, and **cursorExpires**, along with an **any ##any** placeholder. Below the attributes, there are two optional elements: **InitiatorData** (described as private data to be returned) and **ContentQuery**. The **ContentQuery** element further branches into **core:Ext** (described as extensibility elements from any namespace). + +UML diagram of the CreateCursorRequest XML schema. The diagram shows a 'CreateCursorRequest' box pointing to a 'CreateCursorRequestType' box. The 'CreateCursorRequestType' box contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', 'cursorId', and 'cursorExpires' attributes, plus an 'any ##any' placeholder. Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (described as private data to be returned) and 'ContentQuery', which further branches into 'core:Ext' (described as extensibility elements from any namespace). + +**Figure 11 – CreateCursorRequest XML schema** + +The **CreateCursorRequest** message is derived from the core namespace base type **core:Msg\_RequestBaseType** and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@cursorId [Required, cis:cursorIdAttrType]** – The @cursorId attribute is a client generated identifier which shall be a service channel unique value. See clause 8.1.3 for additional information on the cis:cursorIdAttrType. + +**@cursorExpires [Required, core:dateTimeTimezoneType]** – The @cursorExpires attribute is a client request for a cursor expiration date and time value. A CIS shall not be required to create the cursor with the requested end date and time value. A CIS may override the requested end date and time value by returning an implementation specific end date and time value that better fits within the implementation's specific design constraints. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the CreateCursorResponse message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**ContentQuery [Required]** – The ContentQuery element contains the necessary attributes and elements for a CIS to execute one or more queries against its associated content store(s). Query selected items shall be added to a static cursor construct identified by the supplied @cursorId attribute. See clause 7.3 for additional information on the ContentQuery element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### **6.13.2 CreateCursorResponse message** + +Upon receipt of a CreateCursorRequest message, the CIS shall attempt to create the required cursor and shall respond to the client with a CreateCursorResponse message. If the query is not successful (i.e., the core:StatusCode value does not equate to success) then the cursor shall not be established. + +The XML schema for the CreateCursorResponse message is listed in Figure 12. + +![UML class diagram of the CreateCursorResponse XML schema. The main class is CreateCursorResponse, which inherits from CreateCursorResponseType. CreateCursorResponseType is shown with its attributes and elements. Attributes include messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, resultsetSize, and cursorExpires. Elements include InitiatorData, StatusCode, and core:Ext.](692541e65db4dc852988ce77ebb60ce5_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class CreateCursorResponse + class CreateCursorResponseType { + <> + -attributes + -messageId + -version + -identity + -system + -messageRef + -resultsetSize + -cursorExpires + -any + -InitiatorData + -StatusCode + -core:Ext + } + CreateCursorResponse --|> CreateCursorResponseType + +``` + +**CreateCursorResponseType** + +- attributes** + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - resultsetSize** + - cursorExpires** + - any ##any** +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +UML class diagram of the CreateCursorResponse XML schema. The main class is CreateCursorResponse, which inherits from CreateCursorResponseType. CreateCursorResponseType is shown with its attributes and elements. Attributes include messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, resultsetSize, and cursorExpires. Elements include InitiatorData, StatusCode, and core:Ext. + +**Figure 12 – CreateCursorResponse XML schema** + +The CreateCursorResponse message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the CreateCursorRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the CreateCursorRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@resultSetSize [Required, xsd:nonNegativeInteger]** – The @resultSetSize attribute is a non-negative integer, describing the number of records contained in the cursor. + +**@cursorExpires [Required, core:dateTimeTimezoneType]** – The @cursorExpires attribute contains the CIS determined cursor expiration date and time value. The value may be either the user requested end date and time value from the CreateCursorRequest message, or a CIS specified expiration date and time value. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the CreateCursorRequest message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – An core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## 6.14 Cancel Cursor request and response + +A CIS shall allow a client to cancel an existing cursor before the expiration duration has been exceeded. + +A CIS client may complete interacting with a CIS cursor before the cursor actually expires, and may choose to terminate the CIS cursor. Once a cursor has been terminated or has expired, a CIS may release resources associated with the cursor. + +Any additional communications from the client that reference the cancelled or expired cursor shall result in an error with the core:StatusCode @detail attribute set to the value 4001 (Cursor Undefined), as described in Table A.1, StatusCode details. + +### 6.14.1 CancelCursorRequest message + +This message allows a CIS client to terminate a cursor before the expected cursor expiration time. + +The XML schema for the CancelCursorRequest message is illustrated in Figure 13. + +![Figure 13 – CancelCursorRequest XML schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the CancelCursorRequest message. It is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg_RequestBaseType. The message contains the following elements and attributes: attributes (messageId, version, identity, system, resend, cursorRef), InitiatorData, and core:Ext.](7ae836e598020d937ed1478c2ef13025_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the **CancelCursorRequest** message. It is shown as a hierarchical structure within a yellow background labeled **CancelCursorRequestType**. + +- CancelCursorRequest** (the message name) points to the **attributes** section. +- attributes** (indicated by a minus sign icon) contains: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system** (dashed box): Message origin identifier. + - resend** (dashed box): Message retransmission identifier. + - cursorRef**: **any ##any** (dashed box). +- A dashed box with a minus sign icon contains: + - InitiatorData** (plus sign icon): Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. + - core:Ext** (plus sign icon): Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Figure 13 – CancelCursorRequest XML schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the CancelCursorRequest message. It is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_RequestBaseType. The message contains the following elements and attributes: attributes (messageId, version, identity, system, resend, cursorRef), InitiatorData, and core:Ext. + +**Figure 13 – CancelCursorRequest XML schema** + +The CancelCursorRequest message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_RequestBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@cursorRef [Required, cis:cursorIdRefAttrType]** – The @cursorRef attribute identifies a cursor previously created with a CreateCursorRequest message. The @cursorRef attribute shall contain the value from the @cursorId attribute of the CreateCursorRequest message. See clause 8.1.4 for additional information on cis:cursorIdRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the CancelCursorResponse message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### 6.14.2 CancelCursorResponse message + +Upon receipt of a CancelCursorRequest message, the CIS shall terminate the cursor identified by the @cursorRef attribute, and shall return a CancelCursorResponse message. + +The XML schema for the CancelCursorResponse message is illustrated in Figure 14. + +![XML schema diagram for CancelCursorResponseType. The diagram shows a 'CancelCursorResponse' element on the left connected to a 'CancelCursorResponseType' box on the right. The box contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'messageRef', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes section, the box contains 'InitiatorData', 'StatusCode', and 'core:Ext' elements, each with a description and a plus sign indicating they are optional or extensible.](a5b9392ecb96e6b5e0b4ee0664210f72_img.jpg) + +XML schema diagram for CancelCursorResponseType. The diagram shows a 'CancelCursorResponse' element on the left connected to a 'CancelCursorResponseType' box on the right. The box contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'messageRef', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes section, the box contains 'InitiatorData', 'StatusCode', and 'core:Ext' elements, each with a description and a plus sign indicating they are optional or extensible. + +**Figure 14 – CancelCursorResponse XML schema** + +The CancelCursorResponse message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the CancelCursorRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the CancelCursorRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the CancelCursorRequest message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – A core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## 6.15 ContentQuery request and response + +The ContentQueryRequest and ContentQueryResponse messages are used by clients to query for assets referenced by a CIS. + +This message supports both basic and advanced query mechanisms as well as references to existing static cursor information. + +### 6.15.1 ContentQueryRequest message + +The ContentQueryRequest message is the primary mechanism for a client to execute a query on a CIS. This message contains either a reference to a previously established CIS cursor or a ContentQuery element. + +A ContentQueryRequest message containing a ContentQuery element shall have the query executed against all of the assets referenced by the CIS. The resulting collection of assets shall be returned in the ContentQueryResponse message. + +A ContentQueryRequest message containing a Cursor element shall return in a ContentQueryResponse message all of the assets inclusive between the @startIndex and @count value within the static cursor data structure. + +The ContentQueryRequest message XML schema definition is illustrated in Figure 15. + +![Diagram of the ContentQueryRequest XML schema. The main element is ContentQueryRequest, which is derived from ContentQueryRequestType. ContentQueryRequestType is a complex type with an 'attributes' section and a 'children' section. The 'attributes' section includes messageId (Required), version (Required), identity (Required), system (Optional), resend (Optional), and any ##any (Optional). The 'children' section includes InitiatorData (Optional), a choice of Cursor or ContentQuery (Optional), and coreExt (Optional).](f57c7b37d7a05a99618104f390089f03_img.jpg) + +``` + + ContentQueryRequestType + { + attributes + { + messageId [Required] + version [Required] + identity [Required] + system [Optional] + resend [Optional] + any ##any [Optional] + } + children + { + InitiatorData [Optional] + ( Cursor | ContentQuery ) [Optional] + coreExt [Optional] + } + } + + ContentQueryRequest = ContentQueryRequestType + +``` + +Diagram of the ContentQueryRequest XML schema. The main element is ContentQueryRequest, which is derived from ContentQueryRequestType. ContentQueryRequestType is a complex type with an 'attributes' section and a 'children' section. The 'attributes' section includes messageId (Required), version (Required), identity (Required), system (Optional), resend (Optional), and any ##any (Optional). The 'children' section includes InitiatorData (Optional), a choice of Cursor or ContentQuery (Optional), and coreExt (Optional). + +**Figure 15 – ContentQueryRequest XML schema** + +The ContentQueryRequest message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_RequestBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the ContentQueryResponse message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**Cursor [Required on choice]** – The Cursor element contains an @cursorRef attribute identifying a cursor previously established using the CreateCursorRequest message. If the cursor references a cancelled or expired cursor the ContentQueryResponse message shall contain an error with the core:StatusCode @detail attribute set to the value 4001 (Cursor Undefined), as described in Table A.1, StatusCode Details. + +See clause 7.4 for details on the cis:Cursor element. + +**ContentQuery [Required on choice]** – The ContentQuery element contains all elements and attributes required for an asset information query. The entire result set of the query is returned in the ContentQueryResponse message. See clause 7.3 for additional information on the ContentQuery element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### **6.15.2 ContentQueryResponse message** + +Upon receipt of a ContentQueryRequest message, the CIS shall respond with a ContentQueryResponse message. This message contains the query results (advanced, basic or cursor) in the ContentQueryResult element. + +The XML schema definition for this message is illustrated in Figure 16. + +![UML class diagram of ContentQueryResponseType. The diagram shows a 'ContentQueryResponse' class on the left pointing to a 'ContentQueryResponseType' base type on the right. The base type is a yellow box containing an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', and 'messageRef' attributes, and an 'any ##any' attribute. Below the attributes are elements: 'InitiatorData', 'StatusCode', 'ContentQueryResult', and 'core:Ext'. There are also two empty oval shapes with dashed lines connecting them to the elements.](77959075c823bb5169480d7b8ff82a63_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **ContentQueryResponseType** XML schema. It is shown as a UML class diagram where a **ContentQueryResponse** class inherits from the **ContentQueryResponseType** base type. + +**ContentQueryResponseType** (Base Type): + +- attributes**: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: (Open attribute) +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- ContentQueryResult**: (Open element) +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +UML class diagram of ContentQueryResponseType. The diagram shows a 'ContentQueryResponse' class on the left pointing to a 'ContentQueryResponseType' base type on the right. The base type is a yellow box containing an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', and 'messageRef' attributes, and an 'any ##any' attribute. Below the attributes are elements: 'InitiatorData', 'StatusCode', 'ContentQueryResult', and 'core:Ext'. There are also two empty oval shapes with dashed lines connecting them to the elements. + +**Figure 16 – ContentQueryResponse XML schema** + +The ContentQueryResponse message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ContentQueryRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ContentQueryRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the ContentQueryRequest message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – An core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**ContentQueryResult [Optional]** – The ContentQueryResult element contains the result of the execution of the query supplied in the ContentQueryRequest or the list of assets referenced in the Cursor. This element shall not be returned if the original query did not resolve to any asset references or the StatusCode element indicates an error situation. See clause 7.5 for additional information on the ContentQueryResult element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## **6.16 ContentNotificationDeregister request and response** + +A CIS shall allow a client to de-register a previously registered ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message. This message exchange allows a CIS client to dynamically modify registration notifications using individual register and un-register commands. + +### **6.16.1 ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest message** + +The ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest message removes an existing content notification registration from the CIS. + +The XML schema for the ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest message is illustrated in Figure 17. + +![Diagram of ContentNotificationDeregisterRequestType structure](9a5927586a691c4908aa2cf98bd47ebb_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **ContentNotificationDeregisterRequestType** message. It is shown as a tree structure within a yellow-shaded box. At the top is the root element **ContentNotificationDeregisterRequestType**. Below it, an **attributes** box contains several attributes: **messageId** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), **resend** (Message retransmission identifier), and **registrationRef**. Below the attributes box, there is an **any ###any** placeholder. Further down, there are two optional elements: **InitiatorData** (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message) and **core:Ext** (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). A callout box on the left labeled **ContentNotificationDeregisterR...** points to the root element. + +Diagram of ContentNotificationDeregisterRequestType structure + +**Figure 17 – ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest** + +The ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_RequestBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@registrationRef [Optional, core:registrationRefAttrType]** – The @registrationRef identifies the original ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message being deregistered. The value shall be the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message's @messageId attribute value, which in a retransmitted deregistration message, shall be the @resend attribute's value. If the @registrationRef attribute is omitted from the message, the CIS shall remove all ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest items scoped to the @identity attribute. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### **6.16.2 ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse message** + +Upon receipt of a ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest message from a client, the CIS shall respond with a ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse message. + +The XML schema for the ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse message is illustrated in Figure 18. + +![XML schema diagram for ContentNotificationDeregisterResponseType. The diagram shows a yellow box representing the type, with an 'attributes' section containing messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, and any ##any. Below the attributes are elements: InitiatorData, StatusCode, and core:Ext. A line on the left points to the type name 'ContentNotificationDeregisterR...'.](798679874d1c29f8343506a156c79d7e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the **ContentNotificationDeregisterResponseType** XML schema. It is shown as a yellow rectangular box. At the top, the title **ContentNotificationDeregisterResponseType** is displayed. Below the title, there is a section labeled **attributes** (indicated by a minus sign icon). This section contains several attributes: **messageId** (described as 'Unique message element identifier.'), **version** (described as 'Assigned specification part version number.'), **identity** (described as 'Logical service source identifier.'), **system** (described as 'Message origin identifier.'), **messageRef** (described as 'Reference to original message.'), and **any ##any**. Below the attributes section, there are three elements: **InitiatorData** (described as 'Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message.'), **StatusCode** (described as 'Request processing status code.'), and **core:Ext** (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.'). On the left side of the box, a line connects the truncated text **ContentNotificationDeregisterR...** to the main box. There are also two ellipsis icons (three dots) on the left side of the box, one above and one below the main box, indicating connections to other parts of the schema. + +XML schema diagram for ContentNotificationDeregisterResponseType. The diagram shows a yellow box representing the type, with an 'attributes' section containing messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, and any ##any. Below the attributes are elements: InitiatorData, StatusCode, and core:Ext. A line on the left points to the type name 'ContentNotificationDeregisterR...'. + +**Figure 18 – ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse XML schema** + +The ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – An core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## **6.17 Deregistration notification and acknowledgement** + +A CIS shall have the ability to deregister clients. Deregistration removes client registrations from the system and stops any content notification traffic from being sent to the deregistered client. + +Upon receipt of a DeregistrationNotification message, a CIS client shall reply with a DeregistrationAcknowledgement message. + +### **6.17.1 DeregistrationNotification message** + +At any time, a CIS may issue one or more DeregistrationNotification messages to registered CIS clients. This informs the client that one or all of their active registrations (i.e., ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest messages) have been terminated and no further ContentNotifications shall be expected related to those registrations. + +The XML schema for the DeregistrationNotification element is illustrated in Figure 19. + +![Figure 19 – DeregistrationNotification XML schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the DeregistrationNotification message. It is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg_NotificationBaseType. The message contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'registrationRef' attributes. It also contains 'InitiatorData', 'core:StatusCode', and 'core:Ext' elements.](e8e818455bb0d1a6153299a388b94868_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the **DeregistrationNotification** message. It is shown as a tree structure within a yellow background labeled **DeregistrationNotificationType**. + +- DeregistrationNotification** (root element) + - attributes** (group): + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - registrationRef**: (Optional attribute) + - any ##any**: (Wildcard attribute) + - InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the acknowledgement message. + - core:StatusCode**: DVS629 status code. + - core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Figure 19 – DeregistrationNotification XML schema diagram. The diagram shows the structure of the DeregistrationNotification message. It is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_NotificationBaseType. The message contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'registrationRef' attributes. It also contains 'InitiatorData', 'core:StatusCode', and 'core:Ext' elements. + +**Figure 19 – DeregistrationNotification XML schema** + +The DeregistrationNotification message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_NotificationBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@resend [Optional, core:resendAttrType]** – Message retransmission identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@registrationRef [Optional, core:registrationRefAttrType]** – When present, this attribute identifies the original ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message that shall be deregistered. + +The value shall be the ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message's @messageId attribute value, which in a retransmitted notification, shall be the @resend attribute's value. Issuing the DeregistrationNotification with this attribute informs the client that the CIS has cleared only this registration information associated with the specific ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest. If the @registrationRef attribute is absent, then all registrations associated with the specified client identity have been deregistered. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data that shall be returned in the DeregistrationAcknowledgement message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Optional]** – An optional core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +### **6.17.2 DeregistrationAcknowledgement message** + +Upon receipt of a DeregistrationNotification message, a CIS client shall respond with a DeregistrationAcknowledgement message. This message informs the CIS that the notification message was received by the intended client and processed. + +The XML schema for the DeregistrationAcknowledgement element is illustrated in Figure 20. + +![UML diagram of the DeregistrationAcknowledgement XML schema. The diagram shows the 'DeregistrationAcknowledgement' message structure. It has a 'DeregistrationAcknowledgement' box on the left pointing to a 'DeregistrationAcknowledgementType' box on the right. The 'DeregistrationAcknowledgementType' box contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', and 'messageRef' attributes, and an 'any ##any' placeholder. Below the attributes are three elements: 'InitiatorData', 'StatusCode', and 'core:Ext', each with a '+' sign and a description.](c1df61cc3717e878a48e530218403403_img.jpg) + +**DeregistrationAcknowledgementType** + +- attributes** + - messageId** +Unique message element identifier. + - version** +Assigned specification part version number. + - identity** +Logical service source identifier. + - system** +Message origin identifier. + - messageRef** +Reference to original message. + - any ##any** +- InitiatorData** + +Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the notification message recipient if present in the original notification message. +- StatusCode** + +Notification processing status code. +- core:Ext** + +Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +UML diagram of the DeregistrationAcknowledgement XML schema. The diagram shows the 'DeregistrationAcknowledgement' message structure. It has a 'DeregistrationAcknowledgement' box on the left pointing to a 'DeregistrationAcknowledgementType' box on the right. The 'DeregistrationAcknowledgementType' box contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', and 'messageRef' attributes, and an 'any ##any' placeholder. Below the attributes are three elements: 'InitiatorData', 'StatusCode', and 'core:Ext', each with a '+' sign and a description. + +**Figure 20 – DeregistrationAcknowledgement XML schema** + +The DeregistrationAcknowledgement message is derived from the core namespace base type core:Msg\_AcknowledgementBaseType and defines the following attributes and elements. + +**@messageId [Required, core:messageIdAttrType]** – The message identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@version [Required, core:versionAttrType]** – The message specification version. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@identity [Required, core:identityAttrType]** – The origin logical service identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@system [Optional, core:systemAttrType]** – The message source identifier. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**@messageRef [Required, core:messageRefAttrType]** – A reference to the DeregistrationNotification message element initiating this message exchange. The value shall be the DeregistrationNotification message's @messageId attribute value. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:messageRefAttrType. + +**@##any [Optional]** – Any additional attributes from any namespace. + +**core:InitiatorData [Optional]** – Private data from the DeregistrationNotification message. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional details on the core:InitiatorData element. + +**core:StatusCode [Required]** – An core:StatusCode element for communicating status information to the client. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**core:Ext [Optional]** – Any additional elements from other namespaces. + +## 6.18 ServiceCheck support + +The CIS shall support the ServiceCheck message exchange, which includes the core:ServiceCheckRequest and core:ServiceCheckResponse messages as defined by [ITU-T J.380.2]. + +## 6.19 ServiceStatus support + +The CIS shall support the ServiceStatus message exchange, which includes the core:ServiceStatusNotification and core:ServiceStatusAcknowledgement messages as defined by [ITU-T J.380.2]. + +# 7 CIS element details + +CIS elements are those that are used within the CIS top level message elements. Each of the CIS elementary messages defined in the CIS namespace are listed in Table 6 and are described in detail in subsequent document clauses. + +**Table 6 – CIS elementary message details** + +| Element | Description | +|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| ContentNotificationSelector | Notification selector container | +| ContentQuery | ContentQueryRequest or CreateCursorRequest query container | +| Cursor | Cursor definition | +| ContentQueryResult | Result container for ContentQuery | +| QueryFilter | Container for FilterElements or AdvancedFilterElements | +| FilterElement | Individual filter item for ContentQuery | +| BasicQueryResultList | Core:Content container element | +| AdvancedFilterElement | Advanced query element for ContentQuery | +| AdvancedQueryResultList | AdvancedQueryResult container element | +| AdvancedQueryResult | Result container for advanced queries | +| DataModelList | Container element for core:ContentDataModel elements | +| AdvancedQueryLanguageList | Container element for AdvancedQueryLanguage elements | +| AdvancedQueryLanguage | Advanced query language descriptor. | + +## 7.1 Basic and advanced queries + +A CIS shall support basic query processing and should support advanced query language processing. If a CIS implementation supports advanced query language processing, then the implementation shall support both of the [W3C XPath] and [W3C XQuery] query languages listed in Table 7. The value shall appear exactly as they do in Table 7 (i.e., capitalized accordingly). + +**Table 7 – Advanced query languages** + +| Query Language | Description | +|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| XPath | See [W3C XPath] | +| XQuery | See [W3C Xquery] | +| ... | User defined query languages outside of the scope of this specification. The string shall be prefixed with the text "private:". | + +## 7.2 ContentNotificationSelector + +The ContentNotificationSelector element defines a query that, when matched, generates a ContentNotification message. The matched query is identified via the @queryId attribute and the result set detail is controlled by the value of the @expandOutput attribute. The defined query may be associated with a specific content data model. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for a more information on the core:ContentDataModel element. + +The XML schema definition for this element is provided in Figure 21. + +![UML class diagram for ContentNotificationSelectorType. The class has attributes 'queryId' (required) and 'expandOutput' (optional). It has two associations: one to 'core:ContentDataModel' (optional, typically a URI) and another to 'QueryFilter' (required, multiplicity 1..∞).](1ce027dfd26183da52137cf990213724_img.jpg) + +``` + +classDiagram + class ContentNotificationSelectorType { + -queryId + -expandOutput + } + ContentNotificationSelectorType --> core:ContentDataModel : optional + ContentNotificationSelectorType --> QueryFilter : required (1..∞) + note for core:ContentDataModel "Content data model identifier. Typically, a URI." + +``` + +UML class diagram for ContentNotificationSelectorType. The class has attributes 'queryId' (required) and 'expandOutput' (optional). It has two associations: one to 'core:ContentDataModel' (optional, typically a URI) and another to 'QueryFilter' (required, multiplicity 1..∞). + +**Figure 21 – ContentNotificationSelector XML schema** + +The ContentNotificationSelector element contains the following attributes and elements: + +**@queryId [Required, cis:queryIdAttrType]** – The @queryId attribute is generated by the caller and shall be returned to the caller in any resulting ContentNotification messages. See clause 8.1.1 for further details on the cis:queryIdAttrType. + +**@expandOutput [Optional, cis:expandOutputAttrType]** – The @expandOutput attribute instructs a CIS to expand the query output to include the full text of the associated data model. The default value for the @expandOutput attribute, if missing, is 'false'. See clause 8.1.9 for further details on the cis:expandOutputAttrType type. + +**core:ContentDataModel [Optional]** – The core:ContentDataModel element contains a reference to the data model that should be used to satisfy the queries. When the core:ContentDataModel element is not present in the ContentNotificationSelector, the CIS shall use the implementations default data model to satisfy the query. See the [ITU-T J.380.2] documentation for details on the core:ContentDataModel element. + +**QueryFilter [Required]** – The element contents of the QueryFilter specify the notification query matching semantics. See clause 7.6 for further information on the cis:QueryFilter element. + +## 7.3 ContentQuery + +The ContentQuery element contains elements specifying the semantics for a single CIS query match. + +The XML schema definition for this element is provided in Figure 22. + +![Figure 22 – ContentQuery XML schema diagram](3442f31a562d1ef45bfa18b18a6a1ddc_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the ContentQuery element. It shows a 'ContentQuery' element box on the left, connected by a line to a 'ContentQueryType' box on the right. The 'ContentQueryType' box contains an 'attributes' section with 'contentQueryId' (required) and 'expandOutput' (optional) attributes. Below the attributes, it contains a 'core:ContentDataModel' element (optional) with a note 'Content data model identifier. Typically, a URI.' and a 'QueryFilter' element (required) with a '1..∞' cardinality indicator. + +Figure 22 – ContentQuery XML schema diagram + +Figure 22 – ContentQuery XML schema + +The ContentQuery element contains the following attributes and elements: + +**@contentQueryId [required, cis:queryIdAttrType]** – The @contentQueryId attribute is a unique identifier for the ContentQuery. This identifier shall be unique within the scope of the enclosing parent element's @identity attribute and shall not be empty. See clause 8.1.1 for further details on the cis:queryIdAttrType. + +**@expandOutput [Optional, cis:expandOutputAttrType]** – The @expandOutput attribute indicates to a CIS that the final output should be expanded to the full data model text for basic queries, or the full text generated from the execution of an advanced query. The default value for the @expandOutput attribute, if missing, is 'false'. See clause 8.1.9 for further details on the cis:expandOutputAttrType type. + +**core:ContentDataModel [Optional]** – The core:ContentDataModel element indicates the data model which shall be used to resolve the query. When the core:ContentDataModel element is not present in the ContentQuery element, the CIS shall use the implementation's default data model to satisfy the query. See the [ITU-T J.380.2] document for details. + +**QueryFilter [Required]** – The QueryFilter element is a container element for FilterElement or AdvancedFilterElement elements. Execution of the individual FilterElement or AdvancedFilterElement elements shall be done in document order. See clause 7.6 for further information on the cis:QueryFilter. + +## 7.4 Cursor + +A CIS shall support the ability for clients to create and reference static, cursor based data for both basic and advanced queries. Cursors are lists of static asset data with a limited accessibility lifetime. Once established, the data in a cursor cannot change. A cursor's accessibility end date and time value is initially specified by the client using the CreateCursorRequest message's @cursorExpires attribute, and finally established by the CIS via the @cursorExpires attribute in the CreateCursorResponse message. The CIS may choose to destroy a cursor and reclaim system resources at any time in order to ensure overall system health. + +A CIS has final control over how long a cursor shall remain accessible. If a CIS determines that the requested cursor lifetime end date and time value exceeds some implementation specific duration limitation, then the CIS may choose to return a modified expiration end date and time value in the CreateCursorResponse message's @cursorExpires attribute. Otherwise, a CIS shall return and use the CIS client's initially specified @cursorExpires value. + +Upon receipt of a cursor attributed CreateCursorRequest, a CIS shall create a new list of static asset data and commence a countdown on the expiration duration for the cursor. If an existing cursor with the same @cursorId value already exists, the CIS shall generate an error and return the error 4002 (Cursor Already Exists) in the core:StatusCode element of the CreateCursorResponse. See Annex A, for additional details. + +The XML schema for the Cursor element is as shown in Figure 23. + +![Figure 23 – Cursor XML schema diagram. The diagram shows a 'Cursor' element box on the left pointing to a 'CursorType' box on the right. The 'CursorType' box is a yellow-shaded area containing an 'attributes' section. Inside the 'attributes' section, there are four boxes representing attributes: 'cursorRef', 'contentQueryRef', 'startIndex', and 'count'.](187d05bf7ead21e1394b61320d8b3632_img.jpg) + +Figure 23 – Cursor XML schema diagram. The diagram shows a 'Cursor' element box on the left pointing to a 'CursorType' box on the right. The 'CursorType' box is a yellow-shaded area containing an 'attributes' section. Inside the 'attributes' section, there are four boxes representing attributes: 'cursorRef', 'contentQueryRef', 'startIndex', and 'count'. + +Figure 23 – Cursor XML schema + +The Cursor element defines the following attributes: + +**@cursorRef [Required, cis:cursorIdRefAttrType]** – The @cursorRef a reference to the @cursorId originally created as a result of a successful call to CreateCursorRequest. See clause 8.1.3 for additional information on the cis:cursorIdRefAttrType type. + +**@contentQueryRef [Required, cis:queryIdRefAttrType]** – The @contentQueryRef attribute refers to the original @contentQueryId contained in the ContentQuery element of the CreateCursorRequest message. This attribute shall be returned to the client in the @contentQueryRef attribute of the ContentQueryResult element. See clause 8.1.2 for further information on the cis:queryIdRefAttrType. + +**@startIndex [Required, xsd:nonNegativeInteger]** – The @startIndex attribute indicates the starting index value for the result set contained within the cursor. @startIndex values begin at the number zero (0), with zero representing the first result within the result set. + +**@count [Required, xsd:nonNegativeInteger]** – The @count attribute indicates the item count that should be returned from the result set starting from the point indicated by the @startIndex attribute. + +A CIS shall not generate an error if the @count attribute's value is greater than the delta between the @startIndex and the end of the static data list. A CIS shall successfully return the remaining records in the static data list. + +## 7.5 ContentQueryResult + +Query results are sent back to the calling client encapsulated within a ContentQueryResult element. This element contains the immediate result set for the paired query as well as information regarding the size of the data contained in the result set. + +The XML schema for ContentQueryResult is as follows in Figure 24. + +![Figure 24 – ContentQueryResult XML schema diagram](3c6151f296d5800335472b7dc00ce423_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for ContentQueryResult. It shows a box labeled 'ContentQueryResult' connected to a larger box labeled 'ContentQueryResultType'. Inside 'ContentQueryResultType', there is an 'attributes' section containing 'contentQueryRef' and 'resultSetSize'. Below the attributes, there is a choice symbol (a circle with three dots) connected to a sequence symbol (a circle with a vertical line). This sequence contains two elements: 'BasicQueryResultList' and 'AdvancedQueryResultList', each with a plus sign indicating they are container elements. + +Figure 24 – ContentQueryResult XML schema diagram + +Figure 24 – ContentQueryResult XML schema + +The ContentQueryResult element contains the following attributes and elements. + +**@contentQueryRef [Required, cis:queryIdRefAttrType]** – The @contentQueryRef attribute contains the content query id information from the original ContentQuery@contentQueryId request message. See clause 8.1.2 for more information on the cis:queryIdRefAttrType. + +**@resultSetSize [Required, xsd:nonNegativeInteger]** – The @resultSetSize attribute contains the total number of records returned in this result set. + +**BasicQueryResultList [Required on Choice]** – The BasicQueryResultList element is a container element for core:Content elements. See clause 7.8 for details. + +**AdvancedQueryResultList [Required on Choice]** – The AdvancedQueryResultList element is a container element for AdvancedQueryResult elements. See clause 7.11 for details on the AdvancedQueryResult element. + +## 7.6 QueryFilter + +The QueryFilter element is a container for FilterElement or AdvancedFilterElement elements. The filter element items within a single QueryFilter define a complete query that shall be applied to all assets referenced by a CIS on query execution. + +Multiple QueryFilter elements within a single ContentQuery element may act to expand the overall output of the combined queries or may act to reduce the total amount of data returned. This behaviour is controlled by the value of the @op attribute. + +The XML schema element for the QueryFilter is provided below in Figure 25. + +![Figure 25 – QueryFilter XML schema diagram. The diagram shows a 'QueryFilter' element branching into two paths. The first path leads to an 'attributes' box containing an 'op' attribute. The second path leads to a choice box (indicated by a circle with a cross), which then branches into 'FilterElement' and 'AdvancedFilterElement'. Both 'FilterElement' and 'AdvancedFilterElement' have a '1..∞' multiplicity indicator.](4162c218fc7881cd90fc9574e07d2327_img.jpg) + +``` + + graph LR + QF[QueryFilter] --> Attr[attributes] + Attr --> Op[op] + QF --> Choice(( )) + Choice --> FE[FilterElement] + Choice --> AFE[AdvancedFilterElement] + FE --> FE_Mul[1..∞] + AFE --> AFE_Mul[1..∞] + +``` + +Figure 25 – QueryFilter XML schema diagram. The diagram shows a 'QueryFilter' element branching into two paths. The first path leads to an 'attributes' box containing an 'op' attribute. The second path leads to a choice box (indicated by a circle with a cross), which then branches into 'FilterElement' and 'AdvancedFilterElement'. Both 'FilterElement' and 'AdvancedFilterElement' have a '1..∞' multiplicity indicator. + +**Figure 25 – QueryFilter XML schema** + +The QueryFilter contains the following attributes: + +**@op [Optional, cis:QueryFilterOpTypeEnumeration]** – The @op attribute instructs the CIS how to process this part of the overall query with respect to the cumulative result sets from other QueryFilter elements within the same parent element. The accepted values for the @op attribute are described in Table 10. The default value for the @op attribute is 'include'. + +The QueryFilter may contain one of the two following elements: + +**FilterElement [Required on Choice]** – The FilterElement contains name/value pair attributes that indicate to the CIS which metadata names and values for an asset should be evaluated in the query. The QueryFilter element may contain one or more FilterElements. + +When more than one FilterElement is included within a QueryFilter element, a CIS shall combine (AND together) the FilterElements into a single query statement. Only records qualifying against all of the FilterElements contained within a single QueryFilter shall be part of the element's result set, which is then added to or subtracted from the net result set for the total query. This action depends on the value of the @op attribute of the QueryFilter element. + +**AdvancedFilterElement [Required on Choice]** – The AdvancedFilterElement contains a detailed query language expression that shall be executed against the CIS data model representation of each referenced asset. As an example, the AdvancedFilterElement may contain a complete XPath language query. This query shall be executed against each asset referenced by the CIS and, depending on the value of the @op attribute, the results are added to or subtracted from the net result set. + +## 7.7 FilterElement + +Each FilterElement element contains a name and value attribute that form a portion of a CIS query. The @name attribute refers to a particular metadata item located in the CIS supported data model. The @value attribute refers to the value referenced by the named metadata item. The @value attribute shall support regular expression processing as defined in clause 9.1, Regular expressions and wildcards. + +The XML schema diagram for the FilterElement is as follows in Figure 26. + +![XML schema diagram for FilterElement. A box labeled 'FilterElement' points to a yellow box labeled 'FilterElementType'. Inside 'FilterElementType' is a box labeled 'attributes' containing three sub-boxes: 'name', 'value', and 'valueIsRegex' (the latter has a dashed border).](701bc79e78b382bcfd3ba85597dbb9c3_img.jpg) + +XML schema diagram for FilterElement. A box labeled 'FilterElement' points to a yellow box labeled 'FilterElementType'. Inside 'FilterElementType' is a box labeled 'attributes' containing three sub-boxes: 'name', 'value', and 'valueIsRegex' (the latter has a dashed border). + +Figure 26 – FilterElement XML schema + +The FilterElement contains the following attributes: + +**@name [Required, cis:filterElementNameType]** – The @name attribute contains the CIS data model name for a specific metadata item from the supported data model and shall not be empty. See clause 8.1.6 for additional information. + +**@value [Required, cis:filterElementValueType]** – The @value attribute contains the value that shall be matched against the data model metadata item specified by the @name attribute. The @value attribute shall support regular expression processing as defined in clause 9.1. See clause 8.1.7 for additional information on the cis:filterElementValueType. + +**@valueIsRegex [Optional, xsd:Boolean]** – The @valueIsRegex attribute indicates whether the value of the @value attribute shall be treated as a regular expression or not. A value of (true) indicates that the value contained in the @value attribute shall be treated as a regular expression. A value of (false) indicates that the value of the @value attribute shall not be treated as a regular expression and shall match only the exact value (e.g., "abc" shall not match "dabcef"). If the optional @valueIsRegex attribute is missing altogether, the CIS shall default to a value of (false). + +## 7.8 BasicQueryResultList + +The BasicQueryResultList is a container of core:Content elements. + +The XML schema diagram for the BasicQueryResultList is depicted in Figure 27. + +![XML schema diagram for BasicQueryResultList. A box labeled 'BasicQueryResultList' points to a yellow box labeled 'BasicQueryResultListType'. Inside 'BasicQueryResultListType' is a box labeled 'core:Content' with a dashed border and a '+' sign. Below it is the text '0..∞'. At the bottom of the yellow box is the text 'Content (entertainment, ad, etc.) description and identification.'](9e4f582a5d5f6742d1372956db0f8f0b_img.jpg) + +XML schema diagram for BasicQueryResultList. A box labeled 'BasicQueryResultList' points to a yellow box labeled 'BasicQueryResultListType'. Inside 'BasicQueryResultListType' is a box labeled 'core:Content' with a dashed border and a '+' sign. Below it is the text '0..∞'. At the bottom of the yellow box is the text 'Content (entertainment, ad, etc.) description and identification.' + +Figure 27 – BasicQueryResultList XML schema + +For CableLabs specific data models, with the @expandOutput attribute in the ContentQuery message set to *false*, the core:Content element shall contain core:AssetRef elements. When the @expandOutput attribute is set to *true*, the core:Content element shall contain a well formed CableLabs ADI (1.1 or 2.0, depending on the data model) message within the core:Ext element of the core:Content element in addition to the core:AssetRef elements. + +For [SCTE 118-3] specific data models, with the `@expandOutput` attribute in the ContentQuery message set to *false*, the core:Content element shall contain core:Program or core:SpotRef elements. When the `@expandOutput` attribute is set to *true*, the core:Content element will contain [SCTE 118-3] Program or Spot elements within the core:Ext element of the core:Content element in addition to the core:Program or core:SpotRef elements within the core:Content element. See Table 8 for details. + +**core:Content [Optional]** – The core:Content element contains information on the referenced asset. This element contains a core:ContentLocation element that may describe the availability of the referenced asset and facilitates specifying an asset's location. The core:ContentDataLocation element value may be any valid URI. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +**Table 8 – BasicQueryResultList child elements** + +| DataModel | @expandOutput = false | @expandOutput = true | +|------------------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| [b-CLADI1-1] | core:AssetRef | core:Ext contains adi:ADI | +| [b-CLADI2-0] | core:AssetRef | core:Ext contains adi:ADI2 | +| [SCTE 118-3] (program) | core:Program | core:Ext contains scte118-3:Program | +| [SCTE 118-3] (spot) | core:SpotRef | core:Ext contains scte118-3:Spot | + +## 7.9 AdvancedFilterElement + +The AdvancedFilterElement contains a query language identifier and a free form query string for use in query language processing. + +The XML schema diagram for this message is as follows in Figure 28. + +![XML schema diagram for AdvancedFilterElement. The diagram shows a box labeled 'AdvancedFilterElement' connected to a larger box labeled 'cis:AdvancedFilterElementType'. Inside the 'cis:AdvancedFilterElementType' box, there is a section labeled 'attributes' containing two elements: 'queryId' and 'ql'.](3e2dcee303cecdd31b7f9ec0d8942fed_img.jpg) + +XML schema diagram for AdvancedFilterElement. The diagram shows a box labeled 'AdvancedFilterElement' connected to a larger box labeled 'cis:AdvancedFilterElementType'. Inside the 'cis:AdvancedFilterElementType' box, there is a section labeled 'attributes' containing two elements: 'queryId' and 'ql'. + +**Figure 28 – AdvancedFilterElement XML schema** + +The AdvancedFilterElement contains the following attributes: + +**`@queryId` [Required, cis:queryIdAttrType]** – The `@queryId` attribute uniquely identifies the AdvancedFilterElement within the scope of the `@identity` attribute from the enclosing top level parent element, and shall not be empty. + +The `@queryId` attribute value shall be mapped to the corresponding AdvancedQueryResult `@queryRef` attribute when the result of the query is sent back to the caller. + +See clause 8.1.1 for additional information on the cis:queryIdAttrType. + +**`@ql` [Required, cis:queryLanguageAttrType]** – The `@ql` attribute identifies the specific query language engine that shall be used to process the query contained within the AdvancedFilterElement. See clause 8.1.8 for additional information on cis:queryLanguageAttrType. + +## 7.10 AdvancedQueryResultList + +The AdvancedQueryResultList element is a container element for AdvancedQueryResult elements. + +The XML schema definition for the AdvancedQueryResultList element is as follows in Figure 29. + +![Figure 29 – AdvancedQueryResultList XML schema diagram. It shows the AdvancedQueryResultList element connected to a list of AdvancedQueryResult elements. The list is enclosed in a dashed box labeled AdvancedQueryResultListType. The cardinality is 0..∞.](b2cc37ae1974ec7b87b91f54963b855d_img.jpg) + +Figure 29 – AdvancedQueryResultList XML schema diagram. It shows the AdvancedQueryResultList element connected to a list of AdvancedQueryResult elements. The list is enclosed in a dashed box labeled AdvancedQueryResultListType. The cardinality is 0..∞. + +**Figure 29 – AdvancedQueryResultList XML schema** + +The AdvancedQueryResultList contains zero (0) or more AdvancedQueryResult elements. + +## 7.11 AdvancedQueryResult + +The AdvancedQueryResult element contains unprocessed XML (CDATA) string data. + +The XML schema definition for this element follows in Figure 30. + +![Figure 30 – AdvancedQueryResult XML schema diagram. It shows the AdvancedQueryResult element connected to a box containing its attributes: queryRef and mediaAvailable. The box is labeled AdvancedQueryResultType.](0997dbaa9dfecedd60029d70b53327b8_img.jpg) + +Figure 30 – AdvancedQueryResult XML schema diagram. It shows the AdvancedQueryResult element connected to a box containing its attributes: queryRef and mediaAvailable. The box is labeled AdvancedQueryResultType. + +**Figure 30 – AdvancedQueryResult XML schema** + +The results from an advanced query, as specified in an AdvancedFilterElement, are returned to the client using an AdvancedQueryResult element. Advanced query results returned to the client shall be returned without intermediate formatting by a CIS (i.e., as is). + +When the @expandOutput attribute of the ContentQuery message is set to *false*, the AdvancedQueryResult element shall contain one or more of the elements listed in Table 9. + +**Table 9 – AdvancedQueryResult CDATA contents** + +| DataModel | @expandOutput = false | +|------------------------|-----------------------| +| [b-CLADI1-1] | core:AssetRef | +| [b-CLADI2-0] | core:AssetRef | +| [SCTE 118-3] (program) | core:Program | +| [SCTE 118-3] (spot) | core:SpotRef | + +When the @expandOutput attribute of the ContentQuery message is set to *true*, the CDATA clause shall contain the raw output generated from the execution of the advanced query. + +The AdvancedQueryResult element contains the following attributes. + +**@queryRef [Required, cis:queryIdRefAttrType]** – The @queryRef attribute contains the AdvancedFilterElement @queryId attribute value from the original query. This allows the client to map the result of an advanced query back to an original query source. See clause 8.1.2 for additional details on the cis:queryIdRefAttrType attribute type. + +**@mediaAvailable [Optional, core:mediaAvailableAttrType]** – The @mediaAvailable attribute indicates the availability status of the referenced asset. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the core:mediaAvailableType attribute type. + +## 7.12 DataModelList + +The DataModelList is a container element for ContentDataModel elements. The 'default' data model for a CIS shall be the first core:ContentDataModel element returned in a DataModelList. + +The XML schema definition for the DataModelList element follows in Figure 31. + +![Figure 31 – DataModelList XML schema diagram](0a06de972d61ab9bb901bd74dd4ff51f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the DataModelList element. It shows a box labeled 'DataModelList' connected to a dashed box labeled 'DataModelListType'. Inside the 'DataModelListType' box, there is a sequence of elements: an ellipsis, a 'core:ContentDataModel' element (indicated by a flag icon), and a multiplicity of '1..∞'. Below the 'core:ContentDataModel' element, there is a note: 'Content data model identifier with specific revision if applicable.'. + +Figure 31 – DataModelList XML schema diagram + +Figure 31 – DataModelList XML schema + +There are no additional attributes defined on the DataModelList element. The DataModelList element contains the following elements: + +**ContentDataModel [Required]** – The ContentDataModel is a container element for core:ContentDataModel elements. See the [ITU-T J.380.2] documentation for a list of the supported data models. + +## 7.13 AdvancedQueryLanguageList + +The AdvancedQueryLanguageList is a container element for AdvancedQueryLanguage elements. + +The XML schema definition for the AdvancedQueryLanguageList element is as follows in Figure 32. + +![Figure 32 – AdvancedQueryLanguageList XML schema diagram](a78db21022e0687c18d97ed547dd7ecb_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the AdvancedQueryLanguageList element. It shows a box labeled 'AdvancedQueryLanguageList' connected to a dashed box labeled 'AdvancedQueryLanguageListType'. Inside the 'AdvancedQueryLanguageListType' box, there is a sequence of elements: an ellipsis, an 'AdvancedQueryLanguage' element (indicated by a flag icon), and a multiplicity of '1..∞'. + +Figure 32 – AdvancedQueryLanguageList XML schema diagram + +Figure 32 – AdvancedQueryLanguageList XML schema + +There are no additional attributes defined on the AdvancedQueryLanguageList element. The AdvancedQueryLanguage element contains the following elements: + +**AdvancedQueryLanguage [Required]** – The AdvancedQueryLanguage is a container element for describing advanced query language information AdvancedQueryLanguage. + +## 7.14 AdvancedQueryLanguage + +The AdvancedQueryLanguage element is defined in the CIS schema as type core:nonEmptyStringType. This element is used in the context of the ListSupportedFeaturesResponse message in order to return to the caller the types of advanced query languages that are supported by a CIS. See Table 7 for additional information on supported advanced query languages. + +The XML schema definition for the AdvancedQueryLanguage element is as follows in Figure 33. + +![Figure 33 – AdvancedQueryLanguage XML schema diagram. It shows the AdvancedQueryLanguage element with an attributes box containing the version attribute, which is described as 'Advanced query language version information.'](7d929ba1b7d09ea8e00b9e7abbbe50c9_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XML schema for the **AdvancedQueryLanguage** element. On the left, the element name **AdvancedQueryLanguage** is shown in a box. An arrow points from this box to a larger yellow box on the right titled **AdvancedQueryLanguageType**. Inside this yellow box, there is a section labeled **attributes** with a minus sign, which contains a dashed box labeled **version**. Below the **version** box, the text "Advanced query language version information," is displayed. + +Figure 33 – AdvancedQueryLanguage XML schema diagram. It shows the AdvancedQueryLanguage element with an attributes box containing the version attribute, which is described as 'Advanced query language version information.' + +Figure 33 – AdvancedQueryLanguage XML schema + +The AdvancedQueryLanguage element contains the following attributes: + +**@version [Optional, core:nonEmptyStringType]** – The **@version** attribute carries version information for the specified advanced query language. + +# 8 ITU-T J.380.4 CIS attribute types + +This clause defines the ITU-T J.380.4 CIS attribute types that are used throughout this Recommendation. + +## 8.1 Semantic definitions for ITU-T J.380. 4 CIS attribute types + +### 8.1.1 queryIdAttrType attribute type + +**queryIdAttrType [core:nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the **@queryId** attribute, represents a unique string identifying an individual query issued from a client system and shall not be empty. The **queryIdAttrType** shall be unique within the scope of the client's **@identity** attribute. + +### 8.1.2 queryIdRefAttrType attribute type + +**queryIdRefAttrType [cis:queryIdAttrType]** – This attribute type, used as the **@contentQueryRef** attribute, is a reference to an original **@contentQueryId** attribute and shall not be empty. + +### 8.1.3 cursorIdAttrType attribute type + +**cursorIdAttrType [core:nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the **@cursorId** or **@cursorRef** attribute, represents a unique string identifying an individual cursor created by a client system and shall not be empty. The **cursorIdAttrType** shall be unique within the scope of the client's **@identity** attribute. + +### 8.1.4 cursorIdRefAttrType attribute type + +**cursorIdRefAttrType [cis:cursorIdAttrType]** – This attribute type, used as the **@cursorRef** attribute, is a reference to an original **@cursorId** attribute and shall not be empty. + +### 8.1.5 queryFilterOpTypeEnumeration attribute type + +**queryFilterOpTypeEnumeration [core:nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the **@op** attribute, represents the operation that is to be performed against an overall query result set relative to the items returned in an individual query result set and shall not be empty. + +The two possible values for the **queryFilterOpTypeEnumeration** are as follows in Table 10 and shall appear exactly as they are in this table. + +**Table 10 – QueryFilterOpTypeEnumeration values** + +| Enumeration value | Description | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| include | The include value indicates to the CIS that the results from the execution of this query shall be uniquely appended to the final result set | +| exclude | The exclude value indicates to the CIS that the results of this query shall be subtracted from the final result set | + +The default value for the @op attribute is "include". Records that qualify against multiple queries within the QueryFilter shall be added to the net result set only once. + +### **8.1.6 filterElementNameType attribute type** + +**filterElementNameType [core:nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the @name attribute, represents the CIS data model name for a particular attribute or metadata item from the supported data model and shall not be empty. + +### **8.1.7 filterElementValueType attribute type** + +**filterElementValueType [core:nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the @value attribute, represents the value that should be checked against the value of the particular data model name or metadata item identified by the @name attribute and shall not be empty. The @value attribute shall support regular expression processing. The set of regular expressions that shall be supported by the CIS is a subset of the set of regular expressions typically supported by most regular expression processing facilities. See clause 9.1, Regular expressions and wildcards, for additional information. + +### **8.1.8 queryLanguageAttrType attribute type** + +**queryLanguageAttrType [core:nonEmptyStringType]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the @ql attribute, is a text string that identifies the specific query language engine that shall be used to process a query and shall not be empty. The CIS shall support the advanced query languages listed in Table 7, if advanced query language support is to be provided by a CIS implementation + +### **8.1.9 expandOutputAttrType attribute type** + +**expandOutputAttrType [xsd:Boolean]** – This attribute type, typically referred to as the @expandOutput attribute, is a Boolean indication to the CIS to expand query results to include the full object as represented by the selected object model. + +# **9 Basic queries and regular expressions** + +The ContentQuery element contains one or more QueryFilter elements. These filter elements contain name/value pairs that shall be applied to the supported CIS data model. As an example, a QueryFilter element may contain a FilterElement containing an @name attribute and a complete or wild-carded @value attribute. For instance: + +``` + + + +``` + +**Figure 34 – Example 1** + +In Example 1 above, the @name attribute of the FilterElement contains the string "Provider\_ID", which maps to the Provider\_ID attribute located in the data model. In this example, the data model is the CableLabs ADI 1.1 specification. See the [b-CLADI1-1]. + +The @value attribute contains the expected value for the @name attribute that satisfies the query. In this example the @value attribute contains the string "indemand\.com". The backslash (\) in this previous example is required to escape the next character which is a regular expression wildcard character. See clause 9.1 for additional information on regular expressions and wildcarding. Any assets referenced by the CIS within the [b-CLADI1-1] data model that contain the attribute Provider\_ID="indemand.com", will be returned in the result set. The @valueIsRegex attribute indicates that the value of the @value attribute should be treated as a regular expression when processing this FilterElement. + +## 9.1 Regular expressions and wildcards + +Wildcarding and regular expressions allow the CIS to select a targeted set of assets using a single query. For instance, see Example 2 in Figure 35. + +``` + + + +``` + +**Figure 35 – Example 2** + +In Example 2 above, the @value attribute of the FilterElement contains the regular expression ".\*tv\.com". When executed, this query shall resolve to all assets that contain the suffix "tv.com". For instance, the regular expression would find "itv.com", "mtv.com" and "tv.com". + +Regular expressions are only allowed in the @value attribute of the FilterElement and are only considered regular expression if the @valueIsRegex attribute is set to (true). + +The set of regular expressions that shall be supported by the CIS is a subset of the regular expressions supported by most regular expression processing engines. Table 11 lists each regular expression and a short description of what each RE (regular expression) does. + +**Table 11 – CIS regular expressions** + +| Regular expression | Description | +|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ^ (Carat) | Match expression at the start of a line, as in ^A | +| \$ (Dollar) | Match expression at the end of a line, as in A\$ | +| \ (Back slash) | Turn off the special meaning of the next character, as in \^ | +| [] (Brackets) | Match any one of the enclosed characters, as in [aeiou]. Use hyphen "-" for range, as in [0-9]. Lexigraphical ordering is alphabetic and numeric. Ranges are limited to [a-z] [A-Z] and [0-9] | +| [^ ] | Match any one character except those enclosed in [], as in [^0-9] | +| . (Period) | Match a single character of any value, except end of line | +| * (Asterisk) | Match zero or more of the preceding character or expression | +| + (Plus) | Match one or more of the previous group or character | +| ? (Question) | Match 0 or 1 of previous group or characters | +| {X,Y} | Match X to Y occurrences of the preceding | + +**Table 11 – CIS regular expressions** + +| Regular expression | Description | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| {X} | Match exactly X occurrences of the preceding | +| {X,} | Match X or more occurrences of the preceding | +| | Alternation. Allow for two regular expressions forming an OR evaluation | +| () | Regular expression grouping | + +Table 12 contains some example expressions and results based on the regular expressions defined in Table 11. + +**Table 12 – Regular expression examples** + +| Expression | Results | +|---------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| "mtv" | Search for the string "mtv" within the source value | +| "^mtv" | Search for the string "mtv" at the beginning of the source value | +| "mtv\$" | Search for the string "mtv" at the end of the source value | +| "^mtv\$" | Search for the string "mtv" as the only content within the source value | +| "^s" | Search for a value that contains the carat (^) symbol and is followed by the letter "s" | +| "[Mm]tv" | Search for mtv with either an upper case M or lower case m | +| "B[oO][bB]" | Search for BOB, BOB, Bob or BoB | +| "^\$" | Search for a value with no content | +| "[0-9][0-9]" | Search for pairs of numeric digits | +| "[a-zA-Z]" | Search for any value with at least one letter | +| "[^a-zA-Z0-9]" | Search for any value not a letter or number | +| "[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}" | Search for phone number like values: 555-1212 | +| "^.\$" | Search for values with exactly one character | +| "'mtv'" | Search for mtv within double quotes | +| "'*mtv'*" | Search for mtv with or without quotes | +| "^\\." | Search for any value that starts with a period "." | +| "^\\.[a-z][a-z]" | Search for any value starting with a period "." and followed by two lower case letters | +| "^abc ^xyz" | Search for any value starting with the letters a,b,c OR x,y,z | +| "(ab)+\$" | Match the group (ab) 1 or more times at the end of the line | + +# Annex A + +## Statuscode element @detail attribute values + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +Table A.1 contains ITU-T J.380.4 applicable status codes for the @detail attribute. + +**Table A.1 – StatusCode details** + +| @Detail Value | Name | Description | +|---------------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| 4001 | Cursor Undefined | The requested cursor does not exist within the CIS. | +| 4002 | Cursor Already Exists | The requested cursor already exists within the CIS. | + +Table A.2 contains descriptive references to the ITU-T J.380.2 and ITU-T J.380.4 @detail values that may be returned in CIS top level messages. + +ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse = CNRR + +ContentQueryResponse = CQR + +CreateCursorResponse = CCR + +CancelCursorResponse = CNCR + +ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse = CNDR + +ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse = LCNRR + +DeregistrationNotification = DN + +ContentNotification = CN + +ListSupportedFeaturesResponse = LSFR + +**Table A.2 – ITU-T J.380.2 and ITU-T J.380.4 StatusCode detail usage** + +| Description | C
N
R
R | C
Q
R | CC
R | C
N
C
R | C
N
D
R | L
C
N
R
R | D
N | C
N | L
S
F
R | +|--------------------------------|------------------|-------------|---------|------------------|------------------|-----------------------|--------|--------|------------------| +| Incomplete message | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Message validation failed | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Registration overlap | ✓ | | | | | | | | | +| Query failed | | ✓ | | | | | | ✓ | | +| Ambiguous details | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Unsupported protocol | ✓ | | | | | | | | | +| Network address does not exist | ✓ | | | | | | ✓ | | | +| Network address/port in use | ✓ | | | | | | | | | + +**Table A.2 – ITU-T J.380.2 and ITU-T J.380.4 StatusCode detail usage** + +| Description | C
N
R
R
| C
Q
R
| CC
R
| C
N
C
R
| C
N
D
R
| L
C
N
R
R
| D
N
| C
N
| L
S
F
R
| +|---------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------|-----------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------------------| +| Duplicate message id | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Network connection lost | ✓ | | | | | | | | | +| Resource not found | ✓ | ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | +| Not Supported | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | | | | | +| Not Authorized | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | | +| Unknown message reference | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Resend forced abandonment | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Out of Resources | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Timeout | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | | | ✓ | +| Cursor Undefined | | ✓ | | ✓ | | | | | | +| Cursor Already Exists | | | ✓ | | | | | | | +| General error | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | + +# Annex B + +## Web services definition language (WSDL) + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +The WSDL (web services definition language) document for ITU-T J.380.4 contains (2) port sections within a single WSDL document. This separation of port definitions within a single WSDL document allows for the separation of functionality between client and server side endpoints. + +## B.1 WSDL target namespace URI format + +See [ITU-T J.380.7] for specifics on the correct format for WSDL document target namespace URIs. + +Example 28 illustrates a properly formatted WSDL target namespace URI for ITU-T J.380.4. + + + +Figure B.1 – ITU-T J.380.4 WSDL target namespace URI + +## B.2 WSDL description + +The diagram in Figure B.2 contains the complete WSDL mapping for the ITU-T J.380.4 CIS interface. + +The wsdl:portType section of the CIS WSDL document contains the following service definitions, binding type and input/output parameter mappings: + +![Diagram of the CIS WSDL document structure showing Client, Server, and their respective Bindings and Services.](8b9e9fdabfd2a37e4475d78f8fdcf15c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the WSDL structure for the CIS interface, organized into two main columns for Client and Server components. + +- Client Side:** + - CISClient** (PortType): Contains operations `contentNotification`, `serviceCheckRequest`, `serviceStatusNotification`, and `deregistrationNotification`. + - CISClientBinding** (Binding): Uses `soap` transport over `http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http`. It maps the operations from **CISClient** to `def` (default) message types. + - CISClientService** (Service): Contains **CISClientPort** with a placeholder location `http://REPLACE_WITH_ACTUAL_URL/`. +- Server Side:** + - CISServer** (PortType): Contains operations `serviceCheckRequest`, `listSupportedFeatures`, `listContentNotificationRegistrations`, `queryContent`, `createCursor`, `cancelCursor`, `registerContentNotification`, and `deregisterContentNotification`. + - CISServerBinding** (Binding): Uses `soap` transport over `http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http`. It maps the operations from **CISServer** to `def` (default) message types. + - CISServerService** (Service): Contains **CISServerPort** with a placeholder location `http://REPLACE_WITH_ACTUAL_URL/`. + +Diagram of the CIS WSDL document structure showing Client, Server, and their respective Bindings and Services. + +Figure B.2 – CIS WSDL document + +The wsdl:portType sections for the CIS WSDL document contain the following service definitions, binding type and input/output parameter mappings: + +**contentNotification [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:ContentNotification message processing. + +- Input element type: cis:ContentNotification +- Output element type: cis:ContentNotificationAcknowledgement + +**serviceCheckRequest [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for core:ServiceCheckRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: core:ServiceCheckRequest +- Output element type: core:ServiceCheckResponse + +This service endpoint is available on both the client port type section as well as the server port type section. + +**serviceStatusNotification [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for core:ServiceStatusNotification message processing. + +- Input element type: core:ServiceStatusNotification +- Output element type: core:ServiceStatusAcknowledgement + +**deregistrationNotification [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:DeregistrationNotification message processing. + +- Input element type: cis:DeregistrationNotification +- Output element type: cis:DeregistrationAcknowledgement + +**listSupportedFeaturesRequest [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: cis:ListSupportedFeaturesRequest +- Output element type: cis:ListSupportedFeaturesResponse + +**listContentNotificationRegistrations [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: cis:ListContentNotificationRegistrationRequest +- Output element type: cis:ListContentNotificationRegistrationResponse + +**queryContent [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:ContentQueryRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: cis:ContentQueryRequest +- Output element type: cis:ContentQueryResponse + +**createCursor [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:CreateCursorRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: cis:CreateCursorRequest +- Output element type: cis:CreateCursorResponse + +**cancelCursor [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:CancelCursorRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: cis:CancelCursorRequest +- Output element type: cis:CancelCursorResponse + +**registerContentNotification [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis:ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: cis: ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest +- Output element type: cis: ContentNotificationRegistrationResponse + +**deregisterContentNotification [document/literal]** – Service endpoint for cis: ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest message processing. + +- Input element type: cis: ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest +- Output element type: cis: ContentNotificationDeregisterResponse + +# Appendix I + +## Complex queries and expanded output + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +## I.1 Multiple Filter Elements + +Multiple FilterElement elements may be contained within a single QueryFilter. This allows for a more detailed query to be formed. The example below illustrates this feature: + +``` + + + + +``` + +Figure I.1 – Example 3 + +In Example 3 above, the result of the query is a specific asset identified by a particular providerId and assetId. The operator combining two or more FilterElements within a QueryFilter is the AND operator. Both FilterElements in Example 3 are combined together to form a single query. + +In Example 3 above, in order for a single record to qualify for this query, the Provider\_ID must be "indemand.com" and the Asset\_ID must be "XXXX00000000000001", otherwise the record will be rejected. The @valueIsRegex attribute of the both FilterElements is set to (false) in Example 3. This indicates that regular expression processing will not be executed on the contents of the @value attributes. This is the default behaviour if the @valueIsRegex attribute is omitted from the FilterElement altogether. + +The ContentQuery element may contain one or more QueryFilter elements. The @op attribute indicates to the CIS how the individual result sets from a QueryFilter should be applied to the overall result set. + +``` + + URI + + + + + + + + + +``` + +Figure I.2 – Example 4 + +The results of this query may include up to two core:AssetRef elements, one for each asset located in the query. + +In Example 5 below, an operator has been added to the second QueryFilter to act as a negating agent in order to limit the output: + +``` + + URI + + + + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure I.3 – Example 5** + +In Example 5 above, the first QueryFilter matches all indemand.com assets starting with an AssetId of "XXXX". The second QueryFilter tells the CIS to **exclude** the specific asset with AssetId XXXX000000000001 from the net result set. + +## I.2 Expanded output + +Query results shall be returned in the form of lists of assets or expanded results. Expanded results shall contain all of the metadata associated with the selected record(s) and defined by the selected data model. + +``` + + URI + + + + + +``` + +**Figure I.4 – Example 6** + +The query in Example 6 will result in the selection of a single record on the CIS. The results of this query shall be returned to the caller in the form of the full text of the CLADI\_1.1 data model. + +The resulting output from the query provided in Example 6 follows in Example 7: + +``` + + + + + + + + ..... + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure I.5 – Example 7** + +Note that in Example 7 the entire output of the ADI record has been shortened to simply ... for clarity and that the core:ContentLocation attribute indicates that the media is available, but no location URI has been provided. + +In the next example, the @expandOutput attribute is set to false (the default) and the results of the query are returned as a list. Note that the @value attribute contains a regular expression that allows for a broad selection of assets available from a specific provider. + +``` + + + URI + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure I.6 – Example 8** + +The results of the query from Example 8 are illustrated below in Example 9. + +``` + + + + + + + file://ContentStore/file1.mpg + + + + + + file://ContentStore/file2.mpg + + + + + +``` + +**Figure I.7 – Example 9** + +Note that in Example 9, the core:ContentLocation element indicates that all of the assets are available and a URI has been supplied indicating their location. + +# Appendix II + +## Advanced queries + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +## II.1 Advanced queries + +The CIS should support advanced query mechanisms. In order to support advanced queries, the QueryFilter element accepts the inclusion of one or more AdvancedFilterElement elements. This element contains a string schema type with a CDATA section containing the raw statement of the advanced query. + +The results of an advanced query shall be returned in an AdvancedQueryResult element contained within a ContentQueryResult. The following example illustrates an advanced query construct. + +``` + + + + + +``` + +Figure II.1 – Example 10 + +In Example 10 above, the query language @ql is specified as XPath. The actual XPath expression is contained within the CDATA section of the AdvancedFilterElement. + +Note that the @queryId attribute in the AdvancedQueryElement is reflected back to the caller in the @queryRef attribute of the AdvancedQueryResult element. The results of the previous query are illustrated below in Example 11: + +``` + + + + + + + + + ]]> + + + +``` + +Figure II.2 – Example 11 + +# Appendix III + +## Cursors + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +## III.1 Creating cursors + +Cursors are created by using the CreateCursorRequest message. An example of this request can be seen in Example 12. + +``` + + + URI + + + + + +``` + +**Figure III.1 – Example 12** + +In Example 12 above, the CreateCursorRequest message contains a @cursorId attribute and a @cursorExpires attribute. The CIS will associate the @cursorId value with the physical cursor instance so that subsequent calls from the client can refer back to the same physical cursor instance. + +The @cursorExpires attribute contains an core:dateTimeTimezoneType, which is a request to the CIS to give the new cursor construct a particular life span. The CIS may choose to ignore the @cursorExpires date request and substitute an implementation specific cursor end date and time value instead. When this substitution occurs, the new cursor expiration end date and time value is returned to the caller in the CreateCursorResponse message. + +The CIS, upon receipt of the CreateCursorRequest, shall create the cursor construct, accept or adjust the cursor duration and then execute the supplied ContentQuery in order to fill the cursor. The data within the cursor shall remain static for the life time of the cursor. + +Once the cursor has been constructed, the CIS will respond to the caller with a CreateCursorResponse message. This message will contain a reference to the original CreateCursorRequest message, a result set size, and the final value for the cursor expiration duration. + +Example 13 contains an illustration of the CreateCursorResponse message. + +``` + + + +``` + +**Figure III.2 – Example 13** + +Example 13 above, indicates that the creation of the cursor was successful on the CIS and that the cursor information, identified by @cursorId (cursor-1, from the CreateCursorRequest) will be available on the CIS until the end date specified by the @cursorExpires attribute. In this case, the + +CIS decided that the cursor expiration date and time value was within acceptable bounds and the same value for the expiration was returned to the caller. + +The CreateCursorResponse message also indicates the total number of data items contained in the cursor with the @resultSetSize attribute. In this case, 100 data items are contained in the cursor. + +## III.2 Walking cursors + +Adding cursor information to the ContentQueryRequest message allows for the selection of data with cursor like control over the static assets contained in the cursor. + +``` + + + +``` + +**Figure III.3 – Example 14** + +In Example 14 above, the starting index for the query is zero (0) and the ending count is ten (10) for a total of 10 objects to be returned. Not specifying a @count attribute shall cause the CIS to return all assets from the starting index to the end of the cursor's record list. + +Note that the cursor contains a reference to the original contentQueryId (contentQueryRef) and cursorId from the original CreateCursorRequest. (See clause 6.15.1). + +If the requested cursor has timed out (expired), the ContentQueryResponse will contain a StatusCode indicating a class "Error" and Code (Cursor Undefined). See Annex A for additional details. + +To continue to iterate over an existing cursor, the @startIndex attribute of the cursor must be modified. Example 15 below, illustrates a continuation of the cursor walk from Example 14. + +``` + + + +``` + +**Figure III.4 – Example 15** + +In this example, the @startIndex has been reset to 10 and the @count remains the same. The results from this query will contain cursor data items numbered 10 through 19. + +## III.3 Cancelling existing cursors + +Once a client has finished working with a cursor, the cursor may be cancelled before the duration time of the cursor has expired. Example 16 illustrates a complete CancelCursorRequest message. + +``` + + +``` + +**Figure III.5 – Example 16** + +Upon receipt of a CancelCursorPosition, the CIS shall remove the requested cursor for the specified system if the cursor exists. Example 17 illustrates the expected CancelCursorResponse message. + +``` + + + +``` + +**Figure III.6 – Example 17** + +In Example 17, the StatusCode element indicates that the requested cursor was successfully removed from the CIS. + +If the cursor identified in the CancelCursorPosition message has already expired before the CancelCursorPosition message arrives, the StatusCode in the CancelCursorResponse message should not indicate an error. + +# Appendix IV + +## Complete examples of messages + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +The following clauses contain a selection of complete examples of CIS top level messages. + +## IV.1 ListSupportedFeatures request and response + +The ListSupportedFeaturesRequest is the only service endpoint that is required to be available on the well-known address for the CIS. All other service endpoints may also be available on the well-known CIS address or available only on other, more specific, endpoint addresses. The ListSupportedFeaturesResponse message may contain a set of core:Callout elements which may include the additional addresses for specific services. + +``` + + +``` + +Figure IV.1 – Example 18 + +Example 18 contains an example of a ListSupportedFeaturesRequest message. + +``` + + + + http://10.250.30.22/ADSServer + + + URI + + + XPath + XQuery + + +``` + +Figure IV.2 – Example 19 + +Example 19 contains an example of a ListSupportedFeaturesResponse. The single core:Callout element does not include an @message attribute. This indicates that all CIS service channel endpoints are available through this well-known CIS address endpoint. Example 20 contains a ListSupportedFeaturesResponse that does contain core:Callout elements for several specific CIS service channel endpoints. + +``` + + + + + http://10.250.30.22/ADSServer + + + http://10.250.30.23/ADSServer + + + http://10.250.30.24/ADSServer + + + URI + + + XPath + XQuery + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.3 – Example 20** + +Example 20 contains three `core:Callout` elements. The first `core:Callout` element is the default `core:Callout` element. This element contains the default address for all CIS service channel message endpoints. Two additional `core:callout` elements in this example indicate that the service channel endpoints for the `ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest` and `ContentNotificationDeregisterRequest` messages are located on specific addresses, different from that of the default address(s). All other messages that are not specifically listed in the selection of `core:Callout` elements shall be available through the default `core:Callout` address(s). See Table 4 for a list of all CIS service channel message endpoints. + +## IV.2 ContentQuery request and response + +The `ContentQueryRequest` is the workhorse of the CIS system. This message provides clients with an endless number of flexible query alternatives. + +Example 21 uses the basic query mechanism to request a complete listing of records from the CIS: + +``` + + + + URI + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.4 – Example 21** + +The result of the previous query is illustrated in Example 22: + +``` + + + + + + + URI + + .... + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.5 – Example 22** + +## IV.3 ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest + +The following is a typical ContentNotificationRegistrationRequest example. Note that this example includes the callout instruction for future content notification messages: + +``` + + + http://10.250.30.22/ADSServer + + + URI + + + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.6 – Example 23** + +Two things of interest in Example 23 are the `core:Callout@message` attribute and the `core:Address@type` attribute. The `@message` attribute indicates to the CIS that messages of type (`ContentNotification`) should be sent to the specified address. The `@type` attribute of the `core:Address` element indicates the type of the service endpoint found on the client side. In this case, the address type is (`SOAP`) and the supplied address leads to a SOAP endpoint. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information on the `core:Address` element. + +In this next example, the focus of the registration has been limited to two (2) providers: + +``` + + + http://10.250.30.22/ADSServer + + + URI + + + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.7 – Example 24** + +In Example 24, the only two providers that are of interest are "ABC.com" and "XYZ.com". + +Note that the two FilterElement elements in this example cannot be contained within the same QueryFilter element. FilterElement elements within a single QueryFilter are logically (ANDed) together to form a single query. In this case, no single asset on the CIS could have a Provider\_ID of both (ABC.com) and (XYZ.com) at the same time. + +## IV.4 ContentNotification + +ContentNotification messages are sent to registered clients when the underlying content store has been changed. Changes include the addition of new assets, the deletion of old assets or updates to existing assets. + +Assets that have changed in the content store are evaluated against client registration queries. Matches are packaged up into ContentNotification messages and sent to the registered client. Clients shall respond to ContentNotification messages with ContentNotificationAcknowledgement messages. + +Example 25 contains a ContentNotification message for a newly provisioned asset. + +``` + + + + + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.8 – Example 25** + +The @type attribute of the ContentNotification message is set to (new) indicating that the asset listed in the BasicQueryResultList element was recently provisioned on the CIS. + +In order for the consumer of the previous ContentNotification message to retrieve the complete set of metadata for this new asset, a ContentQueryRequest query must be issued for the specific asset, and the `@expandOutput` attribute must be set to true. + +``` + + + URI + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.9 – Example 26** + +In Example 26, the `@expandOutput` attribute of the ContentQuery element has been set to true. This will result in the CIS sending back to the caller all of the metadata for the requested asset based on the supported data model. In this case the response includes some part of the CLADI 1.1 package specification. The response is illustrated in Example 27. + +``` + + + + + + URI + + + ... + + + + + + +``` + +**Figure IV.10 – Example 27** + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.380.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.1 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Advertising systems overview*. +- [b-CLADI1-1] CableLabs (2006), Asset Distribution Interface Specification Version 1.1: MD-SP-ADI1.1-I04-060505. +<> +- [b-CLADI2-0] CableLabs (2007), ADI 2.0 Specification Asset Structure: MD-SP-ADI2.0-AS-I03-070105. +<> + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data 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b/marked/J/T-REC-J.380.5-201111-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1238 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.380.5** + +(11/2011) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals + +--- + +**Digital program insertion – Advertising systems +interfaces – Placement opportunity information +service** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.5 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.380.5** + +# **Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Placement opportunity information service** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.380.5 defines the messaging protocol for the placement opportunity information service (POIS) consistent with other parts of the ITU-T J.380.x series of Recommendations. A POIS holds, maintains, and retains descriptions of content placement opportunities (typically for advertisements) and the interface supports query and notification operations for those opportunities. + +## **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.380.5 | 2011-11-13 | 9 | + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2012 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# Table of Contents + +###### Page + +| | | | +|------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 | Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 | Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 5.1 | Normative XML schema ..... | 2 | +| 5.2 | Document conventions ..... | 2 | +| 5.3 | Processing conventions ..... | 2 | +| 5.4 | XML namespaces ..... | 2 | +| 6 | Data model and query support..... | 3 | +| 7 | POIS messages ..... | 3 | +| 7.1 | @version attribute ..... | 3 | +| 7.2 | Request base message..... | 3 | +| 7.3 | Response base message ..... | 3 | +| 7.4 | Notification base message ..... | 4 | +| 7.5 | Acknowledgement base message ..... | 4 | +| 7.6 | POIS message exchange..... | 4 | +| 7.7 | POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest and response messages ..... | 6 | +| 7.8 | POISListQualifiersRequest and response messages ..... | 9 | +| 7.9 | POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest and response messages..... | 11 | +| 7.10 | POISNotificationRegistrationRequest and response messages..... | 13 | +| 7.11 | POISNotification and Acknowledgement messages ..... | 16 | +| 7.12 | POISCreateCursorRequest and response messages ..... | 18 | +| 7.13 | POISCancelCursorRequest and response messages..... | 21 | +| 7.14 | POISQueryRequest and response messages..... | 22 | +| 7.15 | POISNotificationDeregisterRequest and Response messages ..... | 25 | +| 7.16 | POISDeregistrationNotification and acknowledgement messages ..... | 26 | +| 7.17 | Service check support..... | 29 | +| 7.18 | Service status support..... | 29 | +| 8 | POIS attribute types..... | 29 | +| 9 | POIS elements ..... | 29 | +| | Annex A – Web Services Description Language (WSDL)..... | 30 | +| | Appendix I – Examples..... | 31 | +| I.1 | POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest and response message examples ..... | 31 | +| I.2 | POISListUniqueQualifiersRequest and response message examples ..... | 32 | +| I.3 | POISQueryRequest and response message examples ..... | 32 | +| | Bibliography..... | 35 | + +## List of Figures + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Figure 1 – Example ITU-T J.380 system landscape with POIS ..... | v | +| Figure 2 – POIS top level messages exchanges ..... | 5 | +| Figure 3 – POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest message ..... | 7 | +| Figure 4 – POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse message ..... | 8 | +| Figure 5 – POISListQualifiersRequest message ..... | 10 | +| Figure 6 – POISListQualifiersResponse message ..... | 11 | +| Figure 7 – POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message ..... | 12 | +| Figure 8 – POISListNotificationRegistrationResponse message..... | 13 | +| Figure 9 – POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message ..... | 14 | +| Figure 10 – POISNotificationRegistrationResponse message..... | 16 | +| Figure 11 – POISNotification message..... | 17 | +| Figure 12 – POISNotificationAcknowledgement message ..... | 18 | +| Figure 13 – POISCreateCursorRequest message..... | 19 | +| Figure 14 – POISCreateCursorResponse message ..... | 20 | +| Figure 15 – POISCancelCursorRequest message ..... | 21 | +| Figure 16 – POISCancelCursorResponse message..... | 22 | +| Figure 17 – POISQueryRequest message ..... | 23 | +| Figure 18 – POISQueryResponse message..... | 24 | +| Figure 19 – POISNotificationDeregisterRequest message ..... | 25 | +| Figure 20 – POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message..... | 26 | +| Figure 21 – POISDeregistrationNotification message..... | 27 | +| Figure 22 – POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement message..... | 28 | + +# List of Tables + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Table 1 – XML namespace declarations..... | 2 | +| Table 2 – POIS top level messages..... | 5 | +| Table 3 – POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse/core:Callout @message values ..... | 9 | +| Table 4 – NotificationRegistrationRequest/core:Callout @message values ..... | 15 | + +# Introduction + +This Introduction provides an overview of the placement opportunity information service. + +The POIS provides placement opportunity metadata through query and notification services to service endpoints. What a placement opportunity is and how it influences an advertising service is discussed in [b-ITU-T J.380.3]. Using the interface defined herein, service endpoints may retrieve detailed information about placement opportunities known to the queried POIS. + +Figure 1 provides one example of a POIS in an ITU-T J.380 logical environment. + +![Figure 1: Example ITU-T J.380 system landscape with POIS. The diagram shows a central POIS (Placement opportunity management system) connected to various systems. On the top left, a box contains 'VOD advertisement insertion system' (ADM) and 'Content management system' (CIS). On the top right, a box contains 'Linear advertisement insertion system' (ADM/CIS) and 'Content management system'. Below the POIS, a box contains 'ADS' and 'SIS' (Subscriber targeting system). Arrows indicate data flow: from the POIS to the ADM and CIS in the top-left box, from the POIS to the ADM/CIS in the top-right box, and from the POIS to the ADS and SIS in the bottom box. Additionally, arrows point from the ADM and CIS in the top-left box to the ADS and SIS in the bottom box, and from the ADM/CIS in the top-right box to the ADS/CIS in the bottom box. The bottom-right box contains 'ADS/CIS' and 'Campaign management system'.](49ee89a1d5852ab005dbbab6de09a8a6_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD + subgraph TopLeft [ ] + direction TB + VOD[VOD advertisement insertion system] + CMS1[Content management system] + ADM1[ADM] + CIS1[CIS] + end + subgraph TopRight [ ] + direction TB + LADS[Linear advertisement insertion system] + CMS2[Content management system] + ADMCIS1[ADM/CIS] + end + subgraph BottomLeft [ ] + direction TB + ADS1[ADS] + SIS1[SIS] + STS[Subscriber targeting system] + end + subgraph BottomRight [ ] + direction TB + ADCIS2[ADS/CIS] + CMS3[Campaign management system] + end + POIS[Placement opportunity management system] + POIS --> ADM1 + POIS --> CIS1 + POIS --> ADMCIS1 + POIS --> ADS1 + POIS --> SIS1 + ADM1 --> ADS1 + CIS1 --> SIS1 + ADMCIS1 --> ADCIS2 +``` + +Figure 1: Example ITU-T J.380 system landscape with POIS. The diagram shows a central POIS (Placement opportunity management system) connected to various systems. On the top left, a box contains 'VOD advertisement insertion system' (ADM) and 'Content management system' (CIS). On the top right, a box contains 'Linear advertisement insertion system' (ADM/CIS) and 'Content management system'. Below the POIS, a box contains 'ADS' and 'SIS' (Subscriber targeting system). Arrows indicate data flow: from the POIS to the ADM and CIS in the top-left box, from the POIS to the ADM/CIS in the top-right box, and from the POIS to the ADS and SIS in the bottom box. Additionally, arrows point from the ADM and CIS in the top-left box to the ADS and SIS in the bottom box, and from the ADM/CIS in the top-right box to the ADS/CIS in the bottom box. The bottom-right box contains 'ADS/CIS' and 'Campaign management system'. + +J.380.5(11)\_F01 + +**Figure 1 – Example ITU-T J.380 system landscape with POIS** + +As illustrated in Figure 1, a POIS answers queries concerning the placement opportunities it is aware of and issues notification messages for registered queries when placement opportunity changes are detected. How the placement opportunity information is obtained by a POIS is outside the scope of this Recommendation. The anticipated number of content streams is also outside the scope of this Recommendation. The existence of a POIS implementation as a logical service coexisting with other services or systems does not imply the referenced content is available. + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.380.5 + +## Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Placement opportunity information service + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines the messaging protocol for the placement opportunity information service (POIS) consistent with other parts of the ITU-T J.380.x series of Recommendations. A POIS holds, maintains, and retains descriptions of content placement opportunities (typically for advertisements) and the interface supports query and notification operations for those opportunities. + +A POIS additionally contains features, characteristics and constraints for each placement opportunity, appropriate for the platform, rights, and policies including those of the content in which it exists. These placement opportunities may or may not be content specific and the traits and constraints may vary by network, geographic region, or other content distribution dimension. + +This Recommendation defines a standardized interface for accessing the placement opportunity information known to a POIS. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.380.2] ITU-T J.380.2 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Core data elements*. +- [ITU-T J.380.7] ITU-T J.380.7 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – Message transport*. +- [ITU-T J.380.8] ITU-T J.380.8 (2011), *Digital program insertion – Advertising systems interfaces – General information service*. +- [W3C-XSD] W3C Recommendation (2004), *XML Schema Part 1: Structures Second Edition*. +- [SCTE 130-5 Schema] ANSI/SCTE 130-5-2010, *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces: Part 5 – Placement Opportunity Information Service*, schema file. +- [SCTE 130-5 WSDL] ANSI/SCTE 130-5-2010, *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces: Part 5 – Placement Opportunity Information Service*, Web Services Description Language file. + +# 3 Definitions + +Throughout this standard the terms below have specific meanings. Because some of the terms are defined in other ITU-T J.380.x series Recommendations having very specific technical meanings, the reader is referred to the original source for their definition. For terms defined by this standard, brief definitions are given below. + +All [ITU-T J.380.2], [ITU-T J.380.7], and [ITU-T J.380.8] definitions are included herein. See [ITU-T J.380.2], [ITU-T J.380.7], and [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. This interface is an advertising service of [ITU-T J.380.8] and makes references accordingly. In the event of a conflict between [ITU-T J.380.8] and this Recommendation, this Recommendation's language shall be considered standard. + +# **4 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +All [ITU-T J.380.2], [ITU-T J.380.7], and [ITU-T J.380.8] abbreviations are included herein. See [ITU-T J.380.2], [ITU-T J.380.7], and [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +Further, this Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +POIS Placement Opportunity Information Service + +# **5 Conventions** + +## **5.1 Normative XML schema** + +This Recommendation employs the same notational conventions as [ITU-T J.380.8]. Refer to [ITU-T J.380.8] for an explanation of notational conventions. + +## **5.2 Document conventions** + +This Recommendation employs the same document conventions as [ITU-T J.380.8]. Refer to [ITU-T J.380.8] for an explanation of document conventions. For example, the XML schema illustration is explained there. + +## **5.3 Processing conventions** + +Unknown/Unrecognized/Unsupported XML elements and attributes. + +See [ITU-T J.380.2] for information. + +## **5.4 XML namespaces** + +This Recommendation uses the 'pois' prefix for the interface associated with the specific XML namespace URI that shall be used by all implementations. Table 1 lists the prefix, the corresponding namespace, and a description of the defining Recommendation used herein. + +**Table 1 – XML namespace declarations** + +| Prefix | Namespace | Description | +|---------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------| +| core | http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-2/2008a/core | See [ITU-T J.380.2] | +| gis | http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-8/2010a/gis | See [ITU-T J.380.8] | +| pois | http://www.scte.org/schemas/130-5/2010/pois | This Recommendation | +| wsdl | http://www.scte.org/wsdl/130-5/2010/pois | This Recommendation | +| xsd | http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema | See [W3C-XSD] | + +Unless otherwise stated, all references to XML elements illustrated in this Recommendation are from the 'pois' namespace. Elements from other namespaces will be prefixed with the name of the external namespace, e.g., . + +# 6 Data model and query support + +A POIS may support one or more placement opportunity data models as defined in [b-ITU-T J.380.3]. One or more of the data models may be available for query using the basic query syntax defined in [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +A POIS should include advanced query support for a data model as specified in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +# 7 POIS messages + +This Recommendation includes a query and a notification model for POIS to endpoint messaging. The model includes associated notification management functions such as registration, deregistration and active registration listing. + +The following topics are covered by [ITU-T J.380.2] and by [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +- Message format +- XML message carriage +- Transport mechanisms +- Message error handling + +This Recommendation considers all aspects defined therein to be normative and applicable herein. See [ITU-T J.380.2] and [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +A POIS implementation shall be built using the general information service (GIS) interface defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. The POIS message interface shall include the messages defined by [ITU-T J.380.2] and [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +## 7.1 @version attribute + +For all ITU-T J.380.5 messages defined herein (i.e., those messages prefixed with the string "POIS"), the @version attribute shall be set to the value "1.0" for this version of the Recommendation. For messages defined by the core namespace, for example core:ServiceStatus and core:ServiceNotification, their @version attribute shall contain the value defined by the normatively referenced specification (e.g., "1.1"). See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +## 7.2 Request base message + +All POIS top level request messages are derived from the request message types defined in [ITU-T J.380.8] which inherit from the core:Msg\_RequestBaseType abstract base message type. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +### 7.2.1 Request base message attributes + +All request base message attributes are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +### 7.2.2 Request base message elements + +All request base message elements are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +## 7.3 Response base message + +All POIS top level response messages are derived from the response message types defined in [ITU-T J.380.8] which inherit from the core:Msg\_ResponseBaseType abstract base message type. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +### 7.3.1 Base response message attributes + +All response base message attributes are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +### **7.3.2 Base response message elements** + +All response base message elements are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8], except those elements listed below. + +## **7.4 Notification base message** + +All POIS top level notification messages are derived from the notification message types defined in [ITU-T J.380.8] which inherit from the core:Msg\_NotificationBaseType abstract base message type. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +### **7.4.1 Notification base message attributes** + +All notification base message attributes are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +### **7.4.2 Notification base message elements** + +All notification base message elements are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +## **7.5 Acknowledgement base message** + +All POIS top level acknowledgement messages are derived from the acknowledgement message types defined in [ITU-T J.380.8] which inherit from the core:Msg\_AcknowledgementBaseType abstract base message type. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for details on the attributes and elements contained in this base message. + +### **7.5.1 Acknowledgement base message attributes** + +All acknowledgement base message attributes are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +### **7.5.2 Acknowledgement base message elements** + +All acknowledgement base message elements are consistent with those listed in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +## **7.6 POIS message exchange** + +Figure 2 illustrates a typical message exchange between a POIS client and a POIS implementation. + +![Sequence diagram showing POIS client and POIS message exchanges. The diagram shows a series of request/response pairs between a POIS client and a POIS. The messages are: POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest/Response, POISListQualifiersRequest/Response, POISNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response, POISCreateCursorRequest/Response, POISCancelCursorRequest/Response, POISQueryRequest/Response, POISNotification/Acknowledgement, POISNotificationDeregisterRequest/Response, and POISDeregistrationNotification/Acknowledgement. A dashed box encloses the last four messages, with a bracket on the right labeled 'See Note'. The diagram is labeled J.380.5(11)_F02 at the bottom right.](af7916c89a458fdab6c3f443217388ae_img.jpg) + +J.380.5(11)\_F02 + +Sequence diagram showing POIS client and POIS message exchanges. The diagram shows a series of request/response pairs between a POIS client and a POIS. The messages are: POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest/Response, POISListQualifiersRequest/Response, POISNotificationRegistrationRequest/Response, POISCreateCursorRequest/Response, POISCancelCursorRequest/Response, POISQueryRequest/Response, POISNotification/Acknowledgement, POISNotificationDeregisterRequest/Response, and POISDeregistrationNotification/Acknowledgement. A dashed box encloses the last four messages, with a bracket on the right labeled 'See Note'. The diagram is labeled J.380.5(11)\_F02 at the bottom right. + +NOTE – The query and notification exchange may occur repeatedly between logical service channel set-up and tear down. + +**Figure 2 – POIS top level messages exchanges** + +Table 2 provides brief description of each POIS message. + +**Table 2 – POIS top level messages** + +| Message | Description | +|------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest | Request to retrieve a list of the POIS's supported features. | +| POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse | Response to POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest. | +| POISListQualifiersRequest | Request to retrieve a list of names that can be used to construct basic queries using name/value pairs. | +| POISListQualifiersResponse | Response to POISListQualifiersRequest. | +| POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest | Request to list existing registrations. | +| POISListNotificationRegistrationResponse | Response to POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest. | +| POISNotificationRegistrationRequest | Registration request for notification. | +| POISNotificationRegistrationResponse | Response to POISNotificationRegistrationRequest. | +| POISNotification | Notification message indicating a change to the result set of a registered query. | +| POISNotificationAcknowledgement | Response to POISNotification. | +| POISQueryRequest | Request to acquire records from the POIS. | +| POISQueryResponse | Response to POISQueryRequest. | + +**Table 2 – POIS top level messages** + +| Message | Description | +|------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| POISCreateCursorRequest | Request to create a cursor. | +| POISCreateCursorResponse | Response to POISCreateCursorRequest. | +| POISCancelCursorRequest | Request to cancel an existing cursor. | +| POISCancelCursorResponse | Response to POISCancelCursorRequest. | +| POISNotificationDeregisterRequest | Request to de-register a previously accepted registration. | +| POISNotificationDeregisterResponse | Response to POISNotificationDeregisterRequest. | +| POISDeregistrationNotification | Deregistration notification. | +| POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement | Deregistration notification acknowledgement. | + +## **7.7 POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest and response messages** + +The ListSupportedFeaturesRequest and ListSupportedFeaturesResponse messages allow clients to inquire about the data models and advanced query languages supported by a POIS implementation. A POIS implementation shall implement the appropriate basic query support per clause 10 and should implement advanced query language support as defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See clause 6 and [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### **7.7.1 POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest message** + +The POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest message allows a POIS client to inquire about the data models and advanced query languages supported by a POIS implementation. + +Figure 3 illustrates the POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest message's schema. + +![Diagram of the POISListSupportedFeaturesRequestType message schema. The message is shown as a box on the left pointing to a detailed view on the right. The detailed view is a yellow box titled 'POISListSupportedFeaturesRequestType'. It contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (described as 'Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message.') and 'core:Ext' (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.').](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **POISListSupportedFeaturesRequestType** message. On the left, a box labeled **POISListSupportedFeaturesReq...** points to a detailed schema view on the right. The schema view is a yellow box containing the following elements: + +- attributes**: A group of elements including: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - any ##any**: Any element from any namespace. +- InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of the POISListSupportedFeaturesRequestType message schema. The message is shown as a box on the left pointing to a detailed view on the right. The detailed view is a yellow box titled 'POISListSupportedFeaturesRequestType'. It contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (described as 'Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message.') and 'core:Ext' (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.'). + +**Figure 3 – POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest message** + +This POIS interface adds only a single **core:Ext** to the **gis:ListSupportedFeaturesRequestType** defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.7.2 POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse message + +A successful return status in the **POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse** message indicates the message shall contain at a minimum the following elements: + +A single **core:Callout** element containing one or more **core:Address** element(s) supplying an endpoint for additional services as specified by Table 3. See [ITU-T J.380.2] and [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +One **ServiceDataModelProfile** element describing a data model supported by a POIS. Additional **ServiceDataModelProfile** elements may appear for supplementary POIS supported data models and all data models are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +Figure 4 illustrates the **POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse** message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISListSupportedFeaturesResponseType message structure. The diagram shows a message box with attributes (messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, any) and elements (InitiatorData, StatusCode, core:Callout, ServiceDataModelProfile, core:Ext).](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **POISListSupportedFeaturesResponseType** message. It is a complex type with the following components: + +- attributes**: A group of attributes for the message element: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: Any namespace elements. +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- core:Callout**: All messages or per message type destination endpoint identification. Multiplicity: 0..∞. +- ServiceDataModelProfile**: Service data model identification and its supported features. Multiplicity: 0..∞. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +UML diagram of POISListSupportedFeaturesResponseType message structure. The diagram shows a message box with attributes (messageId, version, identity, system, messageRef, any) and elements (InitiatorData, StatusCode, core:Callout, ServiceDataModelProfile, core:Ext). + +**Figure 4 – POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse message** + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the **gis:ListSupportedFeaturesResponseType** defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +Table 3 contains the values for the @message attribute of the core:Callout element. Values for the @message attribute shall appear exactly as defined by this table. + +**Table 3 – POISListSupportedFeaturesResponse/core:Callout @message values** + +| Value | Description | +|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| POISListQualifiersRequest | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISListQualifiersRequest messages shall be sent. | +| POISNotificationRegistrationRequest | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISNotificationRegistrationRequest messages shall be sent. | +| POISNotificationDeregisterRequest | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISNotificationDeregisterRequest messages shall be sent. | +| POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest messages shall be sent. | +| POISCreateCursorRequest | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISCreateCursorRequest messages shall be sent. | +| POISCancelCursorRequest | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISCancelCursorRequest messages shall be sent. | +| POISQueryRequest | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISQueryRequest messages shall be sent. | +| ServiceStatusNotification | Value associated with the address endpoint where core:ServiceStatusNotification messages shall be sent. | +| ... | User defined address endpoint outside of the scope of this Recommendation. The string shall be prefixed with the text "private:". | + +All message values listed in Table 3 and not present in the POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest message's core:Callout XML element sequence shall be available through the default endpoint if present. The default endpoint is identified by a core:Callout element not having the @message attribute. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +## 7.8 POISListQualifiersRequest and response messages + +The POISListQualifiersRequest and POISListQualifiersResponse messages allow clients to discover the Placement Opportunity information qualifiers associated with a POIS implementation's service data models which may be queried with the basic query interface. + +### 7.8.1 POISListQualifiersRequest message + +The POISListQualifiersRequest message allows a POIS consumer to inquire about the qualifier names used by a service data model available for query using the basic query interface. + +Figure 5 illustrates the POISListQualifiersRequest message's schema. + +![Diagram of the POISListQualifiersRequest message structure. The message is shown as a tree with a root node 'POISListQualifiersRequest' pointing to a 'POISListQualifiersRequestType' box. Inside the box, there is an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes are three optional elements: 'InitiatorData', 'ServiceDataModel', and 'core:Ext', each with a description.](76b0cd79baaedd942af4dc42f2e764b8_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **POISListQualifiersRequest** message. The root element is **POISListQualifiersRequest**, which points to the **POISListQualifiersRequestType** definition. + +**POISListQualifiersRequestType** contains the following elements: + +- attributes**: A group of attributes: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - any ##any**: Any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. +- ServiceDataModel**: Service data model identifier. Typically, a URI. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of the POISListQualifiersRequest message structure. The message is shown as a tree with a root node 'POISListQualifiersRequest' pointing to a 'POISListQualifiersRequestType' box. Inside the box, there is an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes are three optional elements: 'InitiatorData', 'ServiceDataModel', and 'core:Ext', each with a description. + +**Figure 5 – POISListQualifiersRequest message** + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:ListQualifiersRequestType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.8.2 POISListQualifiersResponse message + +If the POIS implementation supports the service data model specified in the POISListQualifiersRequest message's ServiceDataModel element, the POISListQualifiersResponse message shall contain, at a minimum, a single BasicQueryDataModelDescription element. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information on the BasicQueryDataModelDescription element. + +If the POIS implementation does not support the service data model contained in the POISListQualifiersRequest/ServiceDataModel element, no BasicQueryDataModelDescription element shall be returned and the StatusCode element's @detailCode shall be set to core:ResourceNotFound. + +The XML schema definition for the POISListQualifiersResponse message is illustrated in Figure 6. + +![Diagram of POISListQualifiersResponse message structure](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **POISListQualifiersResponse** message. It is based on the **POISListQualifiersResponseType** complex type, which is shown in a yellow box on the right. This type includes an **attributes** section with the following elements: **messageId** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), **messageRef** (Reference to original message), and **any ##any** (Extensibility element). The main body of the **POISListQualifiersResponse** message, indicated by a dashed box on the left, contains three optional elements connected via a sequence operator (three dots in a circle): **InitiatorData** (Private data returned by the request message recipient), **StatusCode** (Request processing status code), and **BasicQueryDataModelDescription** (The unique qualifiers definitions and descriptions associated with a service data model). Additionally, there is a **core:Ext** element (Extensibility - elements from any namespace) shown at the bottom of the sequence. + +Diagram of POISListQualifiersResponse message structure + +**Figure 6 – POISListQualifiersResponse message** + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:ListQualifiersResponseType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +## 7.9 POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest and response messages + +A POIS client may inquire about current registrations by using the POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message. A POIS implementation shall respond to the POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message with a POISListNotificationRegistrationResponse message. This allows the client to discover the active notification queries previously installed by one or more POISNotificationRegistrationRequest messages. + +### 7.9.1 POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message + +The POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message may be issued to retrieve information about active notification registrations using the support inquiry control attributes. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +Figure 7 illustrates the POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISListNotificationRegistrationRequestType schema](81a4cbf0b3c4cbc065efdf8f800dadde_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message. It is titled "POISListNotificationRegistrationRequestType" and is enclosed in a yellow dashed box. On the left, a box labeled "POISListNotificationRegistration..." points to the main structure. The main structure contains an "attributes" section with the following elements: **messageId** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), **resend** (Message retransmission identifier), and **registrationRef** (Reference to a previous, original NotificationRegistrationRequest message. If this attribute is omitted then all registrations may be returned). Below the attributes section are two optional elements, each represented by a dashed box with a plus sign: **InitiatorData** (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message) and **core:Ext** (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). + +UML diagram of POISListNotificationRegistrationRequestType schema + +Figure 7 – POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:ListNotificationRegistrationRequestType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.9.2 POISListNotificationRegistrationResponse message + +The POISListNotificationRegistrationResponse message is the return message to a POISListNotificationRegistrationRequest message. The response message contains the active POISNotificationRegistrationRequest messages as appropriate for the inquiry. + +Figure 8 illustrates the POISListNotificationRegistrationResponse message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISListNotificationRegistrationResponseType message structure](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **POISListNotificationRegistrationResponseType** message. It is shown as a yellow box with a dashed border. Inside, there is an **attributes** section containing several elements: **messageId** (Unique message element identifier), **version** (Assigned specification part version number), **identity** (Logical service source identifier), **system** (Message origin identifier), **messageRef** (Reference to original message), and **any ##any**. Below the attributes, the message body contains several elements: **InitiatorData** (Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message), **StatusCode** (Request processing status code), **POISNotificationRegistrationRe...** (with a multiplicity of 0..∞), and **core:Ext** (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). A line on the left points to the message name **POISListNotificationRegistratio...**. + +UML diagram of POISListNotificationRegistrationResponseType message structure + +**Figure 8 – POISListNotificationRegistrationResponse message** + +This POIS interface adds zero or more POISNotificationRegistrationRequest elements and a single core:Ext to the *gis: NotificationRegistrationResponseType* defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] and below for additional information. + +**POISNotificationRegistrationRequest [Optional]** – The POISNotificationRegistrationRequest element shall be a recoded copy of the accepted registration. The message element order does not convey any information (e.g., element order does not reflect registration order). For more information on the POISNotificationRegistrationRequest element see clause 7.10.1 and the discussion of the *gis:NotificationRegistrationRequest* type in [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +## 7.10 POISNotificationRegistrationRequest and response messages + +A POIS implementation shall support registration for notification message delivery as defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. The POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message allows a POIS client to specify notification interests using a basic or an advanced query. + +On receipt of an update, addition or deletion event from its underlying data store, a POIS implementation shall send a notification message to each matching registered POIS consumer. + +### 7.10.1 POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message + +The POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message allows a client to specify a set of notification interests by registering a query against a POIS implementation's data model. These registered queries shall be examined by the POIS implementation relative to changes in any data relevant to the query. If any change to the data causes a change to the query result for a previously registered query, a notification containing the new result shall be sent to the client in the form of a POISNotification message. + +Figure 9 illustrates the POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message's schema. + +![Diagram of the POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message schema. The message type is POISNotificationRegistrationRequestType. It contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any' (any namespace). The main body includes 'InitiatorData' (private data to be echoed back), 'core:Callout' (destination endpoint identification, 1..∞), 'Query' (detailed data model inquiry), and 'core:Ext' (extensibility elements from any namespace).](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message. The message type is POISNotificationRegistrationRequestType. It is structured as follows: + +- attributes**: A section containing the following elements: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - any**: any namespace. +- InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. +- core:Callout**: All messages or per message type destination endpoint identification. Multiplicity: 1..∞. +- Query**: Detailed data model inquiry. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of the POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message schema. The message type is POISNotificationRegistrationRequestType. It contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'any' (any namespace). The main body includes 'InitiatorData' (private data to be echoed back), 'core:Callout' (destination endpoint identification, 1..∞), 'Query' (detailed data model inquiry), and 'core:Ext' (extensibility elements from any namespace). + +Figure 9 – POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message + +This POIS interface adds a single core:Ext to the [ITU-T J.380.8] gis:NotificationRegistrationRequestType. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +Additionally, a POIS implementation shall recognize the values listed in Table 4 as values for the core:Callout @message attribute. Values for the @message attribute shall appear exactly as defined in this table. + +**Table 4 – NotificationRegistrationRequest/core:Callout @message values** + +| @message Attribute Value | Description | +|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| POISNotification | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISNotification messages shall be sent. | +| ServiceStatusNotification | Value associated with the address endpoint where core:ServiceStatusNotification messages shall be sent. | +| POISDeregistrationNotification | Value associated with the address endpoint where POISDeregistrationNotification messages shall be sent. | +| ... | User defined address endpoint outside of the scope of this Recommendation. The string shall be prefixed with the text "private:". | + +All message values listed in Table 4 and not present in the POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message's core:Callout XML element sequence shall be available through the default endpoint if present. The default endpoint is identified by a core:Callout element not having the @message attribute. See [ITU-T J.380.2] for additional information. + +### **7.10.2 POISNotificationRegistrationResponse message** + +Upon completion of processing a POISNotificationRegistrationRequest message, the POIS service shall respond with a POISNotificationRegistrationResponse message. + +Figure 10 illustrates the POISNotificationRegistrationResponse message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISNotificationRegistrationResponseType message structure](c5452f95f3b28f1bfe29e84fbc2e1267_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **POISNotificationRegistrationResponse message**. The main element is **POISNotificationRegistrationResponseType**, which contains the following components: + +- attributes**: A group of attributes including: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: Any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +The diagram also shows a partial view of the message name **POISNotificationRegistrationRes...** on the left, connected to the main type definition. + +UML diagram of POISNotificationRegistrationResponseType message structure + +**Figure 10 – POISNotificationRegistrationResponse message** + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:NotificationRegistrationResponseType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +## 7.11 POISNotification and Acknowledgement messages + +A POIS implementation shall support the exchange of POISNotification and POISNotificationAcknowledgement messages with registered consumers for the purpose of notifying the consumer of changes in data relevant to the consumer's registered queries as defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +### 7.11.1 POISNotification message + +Upon detection of a change in the result set of one or more queries registered with a POIS implementation, the POIS shall send a POISNotification message to qualified, registered clients. + +The XML schema for the POISNotification message is illustrated in Figure 11. + +![UML class diagram for POISNotificationType. The diagram shows a class POISNotificationType with an attribute group 'attributes' containing messageId, version, identity, system, resend, noticeType, and any. Below the attributes are three associations: InitiatorData (Private data to be returned), QueryResult (Detailed data model inquiry result set), and core:Ext (Extensibility - elements from any namespace).](7133ccf78043568ca62ecbcd43628a4a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the **POISNotificationType** class structure. It is composed of the following elements: + +- attributes** (group): + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - noticeType**: Data change identifier. + - any**: any ##any +- InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the acknowledgement message. +- QueryResult**: Detailed data model inquiry result set. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +UML class diagram for POISNotificationType. The diagram shows a class POISNotificationType with an attribute group 'attributes' containing messageId, version, identity, system, resend, noticeType, and any. Below the attributes are three associations: InitiatorData (Private data to be returned), QueryResult (Detailed data model inquiry result set), and core:Ext (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). + +**Figure 11 – POISNotification message** + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the *gis:NotificationType* defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +NOTE – The *gis:BasicQueryResultAbstract* element located within the *QueryResult* element shall be substituted for by a data model specific results element which extends from the *gis:BasicQueryResultAbstract* element. The element present is dependent upon the data model being queried and the query parameters. + +### 7.11.2 POISNotificationAcknowledgement message + +Upon receipt of a POISNotification message, a POIS client shall respond with a POISNotificationAcknowledgement message. + +Figure 12 illustrates the POISNotificationAcknowledgement message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISNotificationAcknowledgementType message structure](cbdfdade780e677eb1c1aef3081ce9ef_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the **POISNotificationAcknowledgementType** message. It is shown as a yellow rectangular box with a dashed border. At the top, the title **POISNotificationAcknowledgementType** is displayed. Below the title, there is a section labeled **attributes** (indicated by a minus sign icon). This section contains several elements: **messageId** (described as 'Unique message element identifier,'), **version** (described as 'Assigned specification part version number,'), **identity** (described as 'Logical service source identifier,'), **system** (described as 'Message origin identifier,'), **messageRef** (described as 'Reference to original message,'), and **any ##any** (represented by a rounded rectangle). To the left of the main box, a label **POISNotificationAcknowledgem...** is connected to the main box by a line with a small square icon. Below the attributes section, there are three more elements: **InitiatorData** (described as 'Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the notification message recipient if present in the original notification message,'), **StatusCode** (described as 'Notification processing status code,'), and **core:Ext** (described as 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.'). Each of these three elements is connected to the main box by a line with a small square icon. The **InitiatorData** and **core:Ext** elements are represented by dashed rectangles with a plus sign icon. + +UML diagram of POISNotificationAcknowledgementType message structure + +**Figure 12 – POISNotificationAcknowledgement message** + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the *gis:NotificationAcknowledgementType* defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +## 7.12 POISCreateCursorRequest and response messages + +A POIS implementation shall support cursors of static placement opportunity information for both basic and advanced queries, which shall exist for a specified duration. Upon creation of a cursor using the POIS interface, the data information in the cursor shall remain static relative to the referenced data store. + +Cursors have a limited life span, which is first requested by the client, but may be overridden by the POIS. As part of the cursor request message, the client shall specify a *@cursorExpires* *core:dateTimeTimezoneType* attribute. This date and time is a request to a POIS for a specific end date and time for the cursor identified by the *@cursorId* attribute. In order to maintain overall system health, a POIS implementation may choose to override a requested cursor expires end date and time and substitute a different, implementation specific, cursor expires end date and time. + +### 7.12.1 POISCreateCursorRequest message + +The POISCreateCursorRequest message is used to create an instance of a static cursor on a POIS implementation. + +Figure 13 illustrates the POISCreateCursorRequest message's schema. + +![Diagram of the POISCreateCursorRequest message schema. The message is shown as a box on the left pointing to a detailed schema box on the right. The schema box is titled 'POISCreateCursorRequestType' and contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', 'cursorId', and 'cursorExpires'. Below the attributes are three optional elements: 'InitiatorData', 'Query', and 'core:Ext'.](2ae3eae1bd80a90f192f568ae246a9a6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISCreateCursorRequest message. The message itself is represented by a box labeled "POISCreateCursorRequest" on the left. To the right, a larger box titled "POISCreateCursorRequestType" contains the detailed schema. Inside this box, there is an "attributes" section containing the following elements: "messageId" (Unique message element identifier), "version" (Assigned specification part version number), "identity" (Logical service source identifier), "system" (Message origin identifier), "resend" (Message retransmission identifier), "cursorId" (Unique cursor identifier), and "cursorExpires" (Proposed cursor expiration date and time). Below the attributes section, there are three optional elements, each represented by a dashed box with a minus sign: "InitiatorData" (Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message), "Query" (Detailed data model inquiry), and "core:Ext" (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). + +Diagram of the POISCreateCursorRequest message schema. The message is shown as a box on the left pointing to a detailed schema box on the right. The schema box is titled 'POISCreateCursorRequestType' and contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', 'cursorId', and 'cursorExpires'. Below the attributes are three optional elements: 'InitiatorData', 'Query', and 'core:Ext'. + +Figure 13 – POISCreateCursorRequest message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the [ITU-T J.380.8] gis:CreateCursorRequestType. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.12.2 POISCreateCursorResponse message + +Upon receipt of a POISCreateCursorRequest message, a POIS implementation shall attempt to create the required cursor and shall respond to the client with a POISCreateCursorResponse + +message. If the query is not successful (i.e., the POISCreateCursorReponse message's core:StatusCode value does not equate to success) then the cursor shall not be established. + +Figure 14 illustrates the POISCreateCursorResponse message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISCreateCursorResponseType schema](b235edb1dbe659e2782c9a0e47775ca4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISCreateCursorResponse message. It is titled "POISCreateCursorResponseType" and is shown within a yellow rectangular box. On the left, a box labeled "POISCreateCursorResponse" is connected to the main schema box by a line with a small square at the connection point. The main schema box contains several elements: + +- attributes**: A group containing the following elements: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - cursorExpires**: Definitive date and time when the cursor becomes invalid and the cursor data is no longer is available. + - totalResultSetSize**: Total available results. + - any ##any**: A placeholder for any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +There are also two dashed lines with small square icons at their ends, one on the left and one on the right, both pointing towards the "core:Ext" element. + +UML diagram of POISCreateCursorResponseType schema + +Figure 14 – POISCreateCursorResponse message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:CreateCursorResponseType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +## 7.13 POISCancelCursorRequest and response messages + +A POIS implementation shall allow a client to cancel an existing cursor before the expiration time has passed. + +A POIS client may complete interacting with a cursor before the cursor actually expires, and may choose to terminate the cursor. Once a cursor has been terminated or has expired, the POIS may release resources associated with the cursor. + +### 7.13.1 POISCancelCursorRequest message + +This message allows a client of a POIS implementation to terminate a cursor before the cursor's expiration time. + +Figure 15 illustrates the POISCancelCursorRequest message's schema. + +![Diagram of the POISCancelCursorRequest message schema. The message is shown as a box on the left pointing to a detailed schema box on the right. The schema box is titled 'POISCancelCursorRequestType' and contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'cursorRef' (described as a unique cursor identifier). Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (private data to be returned) and 'core:Ext' (extensibility elements from any namespace).](f0a97d0d3818a253c1d2a009966081b1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISCancelCursorRequest message. On the left, a box labeled "POISCancelCursorRequest" points to a larger box on the right titled "POISCancelCursorRequestType". + +The "POISCancelCursorRequestType" box contains the following elements: + +- attributes**: A section containing the following elements: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - cursorRef**: Unique cursor identifier (i.e., the cursorId attribute) supplied in the CreateCursorRequest message. + - any ##any**: A placeholder for any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of the POISCancelCursorRequest message schema. The message is shown as a box on the left pointing to a detailed schema box on the right. The schema box is titled 'POISCancelCursorRequestType' and contains an 'attributes' section with 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'cursorRef' (described as a unique cursor identifier). Below the attributes are two optional elements: 'InitiatorData' (private data to be returned) and 'core:Ext' (extensibility elements from any namespace). + +Figure 15 – POISCancelCursorRequest message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:CancelCursorRequestType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.13.2 POISCancelCursorResponse message + +Upon receipt of a POISCancelCursorRequest message, a POIS implementation shall terminate the cursor identified by the @cursorRef attribute, and shall return a POISCancelCursorResponse message. + +Figure 16 illustrates the POISCancelCursorResponse message's schema. + +![Diagram of the POISCancelCursorResponseType schema. The diagram shows a yellow box labeled 'POISCancelCursorResponseType' containing several elements. On the left, a box labeled 'POISCancelCursorResponse' is connected to the main box. Inside the main box, there is an 'attributes' section containing 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'messageRef', and 'any ###any'. Below the attributes section, there are three elements: 'InitiatorData' (Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message), 'StatusCode' (Request processing status code), and 'core:Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). The 'InitiatorData' and 'core:Ext' elements are connected to the main box via dashed lines with plus signs. The 'StatusCode' element is connected to the main box via a solid line with a plus sign.](dd5771673aececa53d42ece89218299d_img.jpg) + +**POISCancelCursorResponseType** + +**attributes** + +- messageId** +Unique message element identifier. +- version** +Assigned specification part version number. +- identity** +Logical service source identifier. +- system** +Message origin identifier. +- messageRef** +Reference to original message. +- any ###any** + +**POISCancelCursorResponse** + +- InitiatorData** +Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode** +Request processing status code. +- core:Ext** +Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of the POISCancelCursorResponseType schema. The diagram shows a yellow box labeled 'POISCancelCursorResponseType' containing several elements. On the left, a box labeled 'POISCancelCursorResponse' is connected to the main box. Inside the main box, there is an 'attributes' section containing 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'messageRef', and 'any ###any'. Below the attributes section, there are three elements: 'InitiatorData' (Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message), 'StatusCode' (Request processing status code), and 'core:Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). The 'InitiatorData' and 'core:Ext' elements are connected to the main box via dashed lines with plus signs. The 'StatusCode' element is connected to the main box via a solid line with a plus sign. + +Figure 16 – POISCancelCursorResponse message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the *gis:CancelCursorResponseType* defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +## 7.14 POISQueryRequest and response messages + +The POISQueryRequest and POISQueryResponse messages are used to initiate a query and receive results against the queried data model. The POISQueryRequest message supports both basic and advanced query mechanisms and references to existing static cursor information. + +Basic queries leverage a limited key/value regular expression grammar. Advanced query support should be supported by all POIS implementations. Advanced queries allow for customized queries, + +using specific query languages, to be executed directly against the POIS data model representation. Results from advanced queries shall be returned to the service consumer without intermediate formatting by a POIS. + +### 7.14.1 POISQueryRequest message + +The POISQueryRequest message is the primary mechanism for a client to execute a query against a POIS implementation's data model. This message contains either a Query Element or a reference to a previously established cursor. + +Figure 17 illustrates the POISQueryRequest message's schema. + +![Diagram of POISQueryRequest message schema](4f148853ae68fdcf5e43f7604cab457d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISQueryRequest message, titled "POISQueryRequestType". It is structured as follows: + +- POISQueryRequest** (Root element) + - attributes** (A group of attributes): + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - any ##any**: Any additional attributes. + - InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. + - Query**: Detailed data model inquiry. + - Cursor**: Cursor based access to a data model inquiry. + - core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of POISQueryRequest message schema + +Figure 17 – POISQueryRequest message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the [ITU-T J.380.8] gis:QueryRequestType. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.14.2 POISQueryResponse message + +Upon receipt of a POISQueryRequest message, a POIS implementation shall respond with a POISQueryResponse message. The response message contains the query results (basic, cursor, or advanced) in the QueryResult element. + +The XML schema definition for this message is illustrated in Figure 18. + +![Diagram of POISQueryResponseType XML schema structure](9f9386d5b3d6cbeb1ed104a799320ebf_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of the POISQueryResponseType XML schema. It is titled "POISQueryResponseType" and is enclosed in a dashed yellow box. On the left, a box labeled "POISQueryResponse" is connected to the main structure by a line with a circle and a minus sign. The main structure contains an "attributes" section and a sequence of elements. + +**attributes** section: + +- messageId**: Unique message element identifier. +- version**: Assigned specification part version number. +- identity**: Logical service source identifier. +- system**: Message origin identifier. +- messageRef**: Reference to original message. +- any ##any**: Placeholder for any additional attributes. + +**Elements (in sequence):** + +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- QueryResult**: Detailed data model inquiry result set. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of POISQueryResponseType XML schema structure + +Figure 18 – POISQueryResponse message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the [ITU-T J.380.8] gis:QueryResponseType. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +NOTE – The `gis:BasicQueryResultAbstract` element located within the `QueryResult` element shall be substituted for by a data model specific results element which extends from the `gis:BasicQueryResultAbstract` element. The element present is dependent upon the data model being queried and the query parameters. + +## 7.15 POISNotificationDeregisterRequest and Response messages + +A POIS implementation shall allow a client to de-register a previously registered `POISNotificationRegistrationRequest` message. This message exchange allows a POIS client to dynamically modify registration notifications using individual register and deregister commands. + +### 7.15.1 POISNotificationDeregisterRequest message + +The `POISNotificationDeregisterRequest` message removes an existing `POISNotificationRegistrationRequest` from a POIS. + +Figure 19 illustrates the `POISNotificationDeregisterRequest` message's schema. + +![UML diagram of the POISNotificationDeregisterRequest message schema. The diagram shows a message box on the left pointing to a detailed schema view on the right. The schema view is titled 'POISNotificationDeregisterRequestType' and is organized into three main sections: 'attributes', 'InitiatorData', and 'core:Ext'. The 'attributes' section contains 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'registrationRef'. The 'InitiatorData' section contains 'Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message.'. The 'core:Ext' section contains 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.'.](dbbc0baac7341cda76cc4f8355dce23f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the `POISNotificationDeregisterRequest` message. It is titled **POISNotificationDeregisterRequestType** and is structured as follows: + +- attributes**: A group of mandatory attributes: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - resend**: Message retransmission identifier. + - registrationRef**: Reference to a previous, original `NotificationRegistrationRequest` message. If this attribute is omitted then all registrations, scoped by the `identity` attribute, are being deleted. + - any ##any**: A placeholder for any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +UML diagram of the POISNotificationDeregisterRequest message schema. The diagram shows a message box on the left pointing to a detailed schema view on the right. The schema view is titled 'POISNotificationDeregisterRequestType' and is organized into three main sections: 'attributes', 'InitiatorData', and 'core:Ext'. The 'attributes' section contains 'messageId', 'version', 'identity', 'system', 'resend', and 'registrationRef'. The 'InitiatorData' section contains 'Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the response message.'. The 'core:Ext' section contains 'Extensibility - elements from any namespace.'. + +Figure 19 – `POISNotificationDeregisterRequest` message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:NotificationDeregisterRequestType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.15.2 POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message + +Upon receipt of a POISNotificationDeregisterRequest message from a client, a POIS implementation shall respond with a POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message. + +Figure 20 illustrates the POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message schema](b51423b6c049f5b5fcde42e50b58f18b_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message. It is titled "POISNotificationDeregisterResponseType" and is enclosed in a dashed yellow box. The message structure is defined by a class-like box with the following components: + +- attributes**: A group containing the following elements: + - messageId**: Unique message element identifier. + - version**: Assigned specification part version number. + - identity**: Logical service source identifier. + - system**: Message origin identifier. + - messageRef**: Reference to original message. + - any ##any**: A placeholder for any additional attributes. +- InitiatorData**: Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the request message recipient if present in the original request message. +- StatusCode**: Request processing status code. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +On the left, a box labeled "POISNotificationDeregisterResp..." is connected to the main message box by a line with a small square at the connection point. Below the main box, there are two lines with small square connection points leading to the **InitiatorData** and **core:Ext** elements respectively. Each of these elements has a small square icon next to its name, indicating it is a complex element or a reference to one. + +UML diagram of POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message schema + +Figure 20 – POISNotificationDeregisterResponse message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:NotificationDeregisterResponseType defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +## 7.16 POISDeregistrationNotification and acknowledgement messages + +A POIS implementation shall have the ability to deregister clients. Deregistration removes client registrations from the system and stops any Placement Opportunity notification traffic from being sent to the deregistered client. + +Upon receipt of a POISDeregistrationNotification message, a POIS client shall reply with a POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement message. + +### 7.16.1 POISDeregistrationNotification message + +At any time, a POIS implementation may issue one or more POISDeregistrationNotification messages to registered POIS clients. This informs the client that one or all of their active registrations (i.e., POISNotificationRegistrationRequest messages) have been terminated and no further notifications shall be expected related to those registrations. + +Figure 21 illustrates the POISDeregistrationNotification message's schema. + +![Diagram of POISDeregistrationNotification message schema](9870bf462aa0d916a16d14b5a100c60a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISDeregistrationNotification message. It is titled "POISDeregistrationNotificationType" and is enclosed in a dashed yellow box. On the left, a box labeled "POISDeregistrationNotification" points to the main structure. The main structure consists of an "attributes" section and three optional elements. + +**attributes** section: + +- messageId**: Unique message element identifier. +- version**: Assigned specification part version number. +- identity**: Logical service source identifier. +- system**: Message origin identifier. +- resend**: Message retransmission identifier. +- registrationRef**: Reference to a previous, original NotificationRegistrationRequest message. If this attribute is omitted then all registrations, scoped by the identity attribute, are being deleted. +- any ###any**: A placeholder for any additional attributes. + +Below the attributes section, there are three optional elements, each represented by a dashed box with a minus sign icon: + +- InitiatorData**: Private data to be returned (i.e., echoed back) in the acknowledgement message. +- core:StatusCode**: SCTE 130 status code. +- core:Ext**: Extensibility - elements from any namespace. + +Diagram of POISDeregistrationNotification message schema + +Figure 21 – POISDeregistrationNotification message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:DeregistrationNotification defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +### 7.16.2 POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement message + +Upon receipt of a POISDeregistrationNotification message, a POIS client shall respond with a POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement message. This message informs a POIS that the notification message was received by the intended client and processed. + +Figure 22 illustrates the POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement message's schema. + +![UML diagram of POISDeregistrationAcknowledgementType schema](1cac1845cf99a3f64ae00cd2bb4f9ed7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the schema for the POISDeregistrationAcknowledgementType. It is a UML class diagram with a yellow background. The main element is a box labeled 'POISDeregistrationAcknowledgementType'. Inside this box, there is a section for 'attributes' containing several elements: 'messageId' (Unique message element identifier), 'version' (Assigned specification part version number), 'identity' (Logical service source identifier), 'system' (Message origin identifier), 'messageRef' (Reference to original message), and 'any ##any'. Below the attributes section, there are three elements: 'InitiatorData' (Private data returned (i.e., echoed back) by the notification message recipient if present in the original notification message), 'StatusCode' (Notification processing status code), and 'core:Ext' (Extensibility - elements from any namespace). To the left of the main box, there is a label 'POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement...' with a line connecting it to the main box. There are also two small boxes with dashed lines and arrows pointing to the 'InitiatorData' and 'core:Ext' elements, indicating their positions in the sequence of elements. + +UML diagram of POISDeregistrationAcknowledgementType schema + +Figure 22 – POISDeregistrationAcknowledgement message + +This POIS interface adds only a single core:Ext to the gis:DeregistrationAcknowledgement defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. See [ITU-T J.380.8] for additional information. + +## **7.17 Service check support** + +A POIS implementation shall support the core:ServiceCheck message exchange, which includes the core:ServiceCheckRequest and core:ServiceCheckResponse messages as defined by [ITU-T J.380.2]. + +## **7.18 Service status support** + +A POIS implementation shall support the core:ServiceStatus message exchange, which includes the core:ServiceStatusNotification and core:ServiceStatusAcknowledgement messages as defined by [ITU-T J.380.2]. + +# **8 POIS attribute types** + +A POIS implementation shall be built using the general information service (GIS) interface defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. The POIS defines no attributes in addition to those already defined by the general information service [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +# **9 POIS elements** + +A POIS implementation shall be built using the general information service (GIS) interface defined by [ITU-T J.380.8]. The POIS defines no elements in addition to those already defined by the general information service [ITU-T J.380.8]. + +# Annex A + +## Web Services Description Language (WSDL) + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +The XML code in [SCTE 130-5 WSDL] contains the WSDL definitions for the POIS and POIS client interfaces, in particular the wsdl:portType definitions for the service endpoints along with the service definitions, binding types, and input/output parameter mappings. Table 1 specifies the normative WSDL XML namespace using the prefix 'wsdl'. [ITU-T J.380.7] provides additional WSDL specification details. See [ITU-T J.380.7] for more information. See [SCTE 130-5 WSDL] for all other details. + +## Appendix I + +### Examples + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation.) + +The following examples use the [ITU-T J.380.3] placement opportunity data model (i.e., P3-PODM) as their example data model. These examples are for illustrative purposes only and may not accurately reflect the normative P3-PODM specification. + +## I.1 POISListSupportedFeaturesRequest and response message examples + +XML Example 1 illustrates a POIS client's request for the placement opportunity service's supported features. + +``` + + +``` + +#### XML Example 1 + +XML Example 2 illustrates a POIS implementation's response to XML Example 1 query containing a data model and a single default endpoint handling all messaging. + +``` + + + + + http://10.250.30.22/POIServer + + + http://www.scte.org/schemas/130- + 3/2008a/adm/podm + + +``` + +#### XML Example 2 + +## I.2 POISListUniqueQualifiersRequest and response message examples + +XML Example 3 illustrates a POIS client's request for the unique qualifiers for a data model. + +``` + + + http://www.scte.org/schemas/130- +3/2008a/adm/podm + +``` + +#### XML Example 3 + +XML Example 4 illustrates a POIS implementation's response when it supports a basic query data model for the specified service data model. + +``` + + + + + http://www.scte.org/schemas/130- +3/2008a/adm/podm + + + + + + +``` + +#### XML Example 4 + +## I.3 POISQueryRequest and response message examples + +XML Example 5 is a query for all placement opportunities in the position of preRoll or postRoll in a video on demand example. + +``` + + + + + "http://www.scte.org/schemas/130- + 3/2008a/adm/podm" + + + + + + + + + +``` + +#### XML Example 5 + +XML Example 6 is an example POIS implementation's response to the query. + +``` + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 30-Second-Spot + PT30S + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 60-Second-Spot + PT60S + + + + + +``` + +#### XML Example 6 + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.380.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.1 (2011), *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces – Overview*. +- [b-ITU-T J.380.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.380.3 (2011), *Digital Program Insertion – Advertising Systems Interfaces – Ad management service interface*. +- [b-SCTE 35] ANSI/SCTE 35 (2007), *Digital Program Insertion Cueing Message for Cable*. +- [b-SCTE 118-3] ANSI/SCTE 118-3 (2006), *Program Specific Ad Insertion Traffic System to Ad Insertion System File Format Specification*. + + + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.42-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.42-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..64672153e39c851d9e16fdbc702e526c7ba7e8a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.42-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:454a9958ffe168868cb7d38a0eb24418dafe31a7a4245c992089b2316ac37d3e +size 7392 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.42-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.42-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5f4c8cf9bedcbe7d8393889268ca32a117d90192 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.42-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ + + +![ITU logo](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) features a globe with a lightning bolt and the letters 'ITU'. + +ITU logo + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +**J.42** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**TELEVISION AND SOUND TRANSMISSION** + +--- + +**CHARACTERISTICS OF EQUIPMENT FOR +THE CODING OF ANALOGUE MEDIUM +QUALITY SOUND - PROGRAMME SIGNALS +FOR TRANSMISSION ON 384 - kbit/s +CHANNELS** + +**ITU-T Recommendation J.42** + +(Extract from the *Blue Book*) + +--- + +# NOTES + +1 ITU-T Recommendation J.42 was published in Fascicle III.6 of the *Blue Book*. This file is an extract from the *Blue Book*. While the presentation and layout of the text might be slightly different from the *Blue Book* version, the contents of the file are identical to the *Blue Book* version and copyright conditions remain unchanged (see below). + +2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +# **CHARACTERISTICS OF EQUIPMENT FOR THE CODING OF ANALOGUE MEDIUM QUALITY SOUND-PROGRAMME SIGNALS FOR TRANSMISSION ON 384-kbit/s CHANNELS** + +*(Malaga-Torremolinos, 1984; amended at Melbourne, 1988)* + +## **1 General** + +1.1 This Recommendation gives the characteristics of equipment for the coding of 7 kHz monophonic analogue sound-programme signals into a digital signal. Two monophonic digital signals can be combined to form a 384-kbit/s signal already specified in Recommendation J.41. + +1.2 Equipment for coding of analogue sound-programme signals, as specified in this Recommendation, can be: + +- a) A stand alone encoder/decoder with a digital interface at 384 kbit/s. The encoder operation and the decoder operation may be performed in two separate equipments or in the same equipment. +- b) A combined encoder-multiplex decoder-demultiplex with a digital interface at 1544 or 2048 kbit/s. The encoder-multiplex operation and the decoder-multiplex operation may be performed in two separate equipments or in the same equipment. + +In case b) it is not mandatory to provide an external digital sound-programme access port at 384 kbit/s. + +## **2 Transmission performance** + +The transmission performance per encoder/decoder pair shall be such that the limits specified in Recommendation J.23 (CCIR Recommendation 503) are not exceeded by three encoder/decoder pairs connected in tandem at audio frequencies. + +## **3 Method of encoding** + +3.1 The recommended encoding laws are as specified in [1]. + +3.2 These encoding laws are based on a uniformly quantized, 14-bit per sample PCM technique with companding and employ either: + +- a) eleven-segment 14 to 11 bit instantaneous A-law companding, or +- b) five-range 14 to 10 bit near-instantaneous companding. + +3.3 Equipment characteristics common to both methods of encoding are: + +| | | +|--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------| +| Nominal audio bandwidth: | 0.05 to 7 kHz | +| Audio interface: | see Recommendation J.23, § 2. | +| Sampling frequency: | $16 (1 \pm 5 \times 10^{-5})$ kHz. | +| Pre/de-emphasis: | Recommendation J.17 with
6.5 dB attenuation at 800 Hz. | + +*Note* – Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis are not used by the Administrations of Canada, Japan and the United States of America on their national circuits and on international circuits between each other, but are used on international circuits to other countries. + +## **4 Equipment using instantaneous companding** + +4.1 *Coding table* + +4.1.1 The coding law is specified in Table 1/J.41. + +4.1.2 The allocation of character signals (PCM code words) is also given in Table 1/J.41. Two variants (A and B) of character signals are allowed. + +*Note* – In the case of digital interconnection between variants A and B, the conversion from one set of character signals to the other set in Table 1/J.41, can be done without any performance degradation. In the case of analogue interconnection, a reduction in the S/N ratio, in the order of 3 dB, is expected. + +### 4.2 *Bit rates* + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------| +| Nominal source coding bit rate (16 kHz $\times$ 11 bit/sample) | 176 kbit/s | +| Error protection (16 kHz $\times$ 1 bit/sample) | 16 kbit/s | +| Transmission bit rate per sound-programme signal | 192 kbit/s | +| Channel bit rate for 2 sound-programme signals | 384 kbit/s | + +### 4.3 *Overload level* + +The overload level for a sine-wave signal at zero dB insertion loss frequency (2.1 kHz) of the pre-emphasis + 15 dBm0s. + +### 4.4 *Digital signal format* + +The character signal bit sequences for variants A and B, are shown in Figure 1/J.41. + +#### 4.4.1 *Variant A* + +When transmitting two monophonic digital signals as one 384 kbit/s signal, with respect to the code word interleaving shown in Figure 1/J.41, the first two 12 bit code words are allocated to 7 kHz channel No. 1 and the second two 12 bit code words are allocated to 7 kHz channel No. 2. + +#### 4.4.2 *Variant B* + +The 12 bit code word assignments when transmitting two monophonic digital signals as one 384-kbit/s signal is under study. + +### 4.5 *Bit error protection* + +One parity bit is added to each 11-bit character signal. + +#### 4.5.1 *Variant A* + +The five most important bits of each sample are protected against errors by means of a parity bit. In the converter of the transmitting part, the parity bit is added as the 12th bit to each code word. Its value is fixed so that the 6 bit parity block always contains only an odd number of one values. In order that even bit error structures can also result in parity violations, the protected and unprotected bits of each code word are interleaved in ascending and descending sequence, as shown in Figure 1/J.41. + +#### 4.5.2 *Variant B* + +The added parity bit shall be based on the 7 most significant bits of the 11-bit PCM word. These are bits S, X, Y, Z, A, B, C. The parity of “ones” bit shall be *even*. Since the chord bits (X, Y, Z) always contain a one, the minimum number of ones per sample is 2, resulting in a minimum ones density of 1/6. + +#### 4.5.3 *Error concealment* + +If a parity violation is detected, an error concealment technique should be applied (for instance, replacement by interpolation, extrapolation or repetition). For multiple parity violation (error bursts), a muting technique should be applied. + +### 4.6 *Digital interface at 384 kbit/s* + +Under study (see Recommendations G.735 and G.737). + +### 4.7 *Synchronization* + +The coding equipment operates in synchronism with the clock of subsequent multiplex equipment or the network clock. In cases where the digital interface is provided, bit and byte (24 bit, as shown in Figure 1/J.41) timing information is required. + +Variant A: A solution for synchronous access is given in the Recommendations G.735 and G.737. + +Variant B: The solution for synchronous access is under study. + +### 4.8 *Fault condition and consequent actions* + +#### 4.8.1 *Variant A* + +Where a 384-kbit/s digital interface is provided, the same principles for fault conditions and subsequent actions as those outlined in Recommendation G.732, should be followed. + +#### 4.8.2 *Variant B* + +Under study. + +## 5 **Equipment using near-instantaneous companding** + +### 5.1 *Introduction* + +The equipment described in this section uses the near-instantaneous method of companding in the coding of medium quality sound-programme signals into digital form. + +A two-stage process is used in the encoding equipment: + +- a) Conversion of a 7 kHz channel into a 169 kbit/s stream. + +*Note* – The value of 169 kbit/s has been chosen to allow for the possible multiplexing of 12 channels into a 2048 kbit/s dedicated frame format. + +- b) Asynchronous insertion of two synchronous 169 kbit/s streams into a 384 kbit/s stream. + +*Note* – The asynchronous insertion of two synchronous 169 kbit/s streams into a 384 kbit/s stream allows the use, at the encoder location, of a clock not necessarily synchronous to the network clock. It can be advantageous when the encoder equipment and the insertion equipment (see Recommendations G.735 and G.737) are located in different places, and when the transmission link between them is unidirectional, + +and the reverse processes in the decoding equipment. + +### 5.2 *Conversion from 7 kHz to 169 kbit/s and constitution of the 338-kbit/s signal* + +#### 5.2.1 *Overload level* + +The overload level for a sine-wave signal at the zero dB insertion loss frequency (2.1 kHz) of the pre-emphasis circuit is + 12 dBm0s. + +#### 5.2.2 *Companding* + +The same near-instantaneous companding procedure with a block of 32 samples (2 ms) as described in § 5.2.2 of Recommendation J.41, is used. The character signal is coded in 2's complement form. + +#### 5.2.3 *Constitution of the 338-kbit/s signal* + +Two 7-kHz channels (C1 and C2) are contained in one 338-kbit/s stream. The frame structure of the 338 kbit/s stream is defined in § 5.2.5 and in Figure 3/J.41. The following numbering of the samples within a given multiframe is defined as follows (see Figure 3/J.41): + +Sample $n$ of the multiframe is sample $(n - 96i)$ of frame $i$ + +$$0 \leq n \leq 191 \qquad i = 0 \text{ or } 1$$ + +Using the above notation, the following relationship between the bits of the 338 kbit/s multiframe and channels C1 and C2 can be defined: + +Sample $2n$ of the multiframe corresponds to sample $n$ of channel C1 + +Sample $(2n + 1)$ of the multiframe corresponds to sample $n$ of channel C2 + +$$0 \leq n \leq 95$$ + +Range coding information associated with block $(2n - 1)$ of the multiframe is allocated to block $n$ of channel C1 (derived from C1 samples in blocks $(2n - 1)$ and $(2n)$ of the multiframe). + +Range coding information associated with block $(2n)$ of the multiframe is allocated to block $n$ of channel C2 (derived from C2 samples in blocks $(2n - 1)$ and $(2n)$ of the multiframe). + +$$1 \leq n \leq 3$$ + +The range coding information and its protection, the sample format and the sample error protection are defined and transmitted as specified in this Recommendation and in §§ 5.2.3 to 5.2.5 of Recommendation J.41. + +The criteria for loss and recovery of frame alignment at 338 kbit/s is defined in § 5.2.8 of Recommendation J.41. + +### 5.3 *Conversion from 338 kbit/s to 383 kbit/s* + +See Recommendation J.41, § 5.3. + +### 5.4 *Digital interface at 384 kbit/s* + +Under study. + +### 5.5 *Fault conditions and consequent action* + +Under study. + +## 6 **Digital interface between equipments using different coding standards** + +Under study + +# **References** + +- [1] CCIR Recommendation *Transmission of analogue high-quality sound-programme signals on mixed analogue and digital circuits using 384 kbit/s channels*, Vol. XII, Rec. 660, ITU, Geneva, 1986. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.460.3-200809-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.460.3-200809-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7fee9dcc6253bfbd318eca388f7fb18a6a2b417 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.460.3-200809-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1409 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +**J.460.3** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +(09/2008) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +IPCablecom + +--- + +**IPCablecom2 residential SIP telephony: Usage +data recording** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.460.3 + + + +# **Recommendation ITU-T J.460.3** + +# **IPCablecom2 residential SIP telephony: Usage data recording** + +# **Summary** + +The purpose of Recommendation ITU-T J.460.3 is to define the collection of usage data needed to support accounting of residential SIP telephony (RST) features. In addition to defining how the collection of usage data is done, this Recommendation details the various accounting events and their associated attributes. The IPCablecom2 Accounting framework and generic requirements are defined in Recommendation ITU-T J.363, IPCablecom2 data collection to support accounting, on which this Recommendation is based. This release of the Recommendation supports services described in Recommendation ITU-T J.460.0, Appendix II, and defined in detail in Recommendation ITU-T J.460.1. + +## **Source** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.460.3 was approved on 19 September 2008 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure. + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2010 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 1.1 Introduction and purpose ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 2 | +| 2.1 Normative references..... | 2 | +| 2.2 Informative references ..... | 2 | +| 2.3 Reference acquisition ..... | 2 | +| 3 Terms and definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations, acronyms and conventions ..... | 3 | +| 4.1 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 3 | +| 4.2 Conventions ..... | 4 | +| 5 Technical overview..... | 4 | +| 5.1 IPCablecom2 accounting architecture ..... | 4 | +| 5.2 Design goals ..... | 5 | +| 5.3 Scope ..... | 5 | +| 6 IPCablecom2 services..... | 5 | +| 6.1 IPCablecom2 call configurations ..... | 5 | +| 6.2 Specific services ..... | 8 | +| 7 Definition of accounting information ..... | 29 | +| 7.1 Data Description for RST offline accounting..... | 29 | +| 7.2 RST Specific Parameters ..... | 30 | +| Annex A – Region A..... | 34 | +| Annex B – Region B ..... | 35 | +| Annex C – Region C ..... | 36 | + + + +# IPCablecom2 residential SIP telephony: Usage data recording + +# 1 Scope + +## 1.1 Introduction and purpose + +The purpose of this Recommendation is to define the collection of usage data needed to support accounting of residential SIP telephony (RST) features. In addition to defining how the collection of usage data is done, this Recommendation details the various accounting events and their associated attributes. The IPCablecom2 accounting framework and generic requirements are defined in the IPCablecom2 accounting Recommendation [ITU-T J.363], on which this Recommendation is based. This release of the Recommendation supports services described in Appendix II of [ITU-T J.460.0], and defined in detail in [ITU-T J.460.1]. Future releases will support additional services that are described in Appendices I and III of [ITU-T J.460.0], as they are developed. + +Residential SIP telephony (RST) features are defined in the RST features Recommendation [ITU-T J.460.1]. Accounting procedures for a sub-set of those features defined by the RST specification are defined in this Recommendation. In particular, the RST specification defines both UE-based and network-based features. UE-based features are executed locally by the UE based on some locally defined criteria (i.e., matching a feature code to an internal digit map for feature execution). Such features cannot be accounted for, as there are no accounting records created by the UE. Sessions resulting from local feature execution can be accounted for using standard accounting procedures. However, the reason for the session establishment will not always be known by the network. There are some locally executed features, e.g., three way calling, that may be detectable by the billing support system through post-processing of accounting records (i.e., if the billing support system sees two sets of seemingly unrelated accounting events for which both sessions were active at the same time, it can infer that a three way call was made). + +Network-based features, on the other hand, are executed in the network by an application server. This server provides feature execution as defined by the RST specification. Given that application servers can generate accounting events, the features executed by application servers can be accounted for. Given that IPCablecom2 accounting does not define accounting for application servers, this Recommendation defines the accounting records the application server generates based on the feature being executed. + +It is an important objective of this work that interoperability between IPCablecom 2.0 and 3GPP IMS is provided. IPCablecom 2.0 is based upon 3GPP IMS, but includes additional functionality necessary to meet the requirements of cable operators. Recognizing developing converged solutions for wireless, wireline, and cable, it is expected that further development of IPCablecom 2.0 will continue to monitor and contribute to IMS developments in 3GPP, with the aim of alignment of 3GPP IMS and IPCablecom 2.0. + +NOTE – The structure and content of this Recommendation have been organized for ease of use by those familiar with the original source material; as such, the usual style of ITU-T recommendations has not been applied. + +# 2 References + +## 2.1 Normative references + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.363] Recommendation ITU-T J.363 (2006), *IPCablecom2 data collection to support accounting*. +- [ETSI TS 132 240] ETSI TS 132 240 v6.3.0 (2006), *Charging Architecture and Principles*. +- [ETSI TS 132 260] ETSI TS 132 260 v.6.4.0 (2005), *IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) charging*. +- [ETSI TS 132 299] ETSI TS 132 299 v.6.5.0 (2005), *Diameter charging applications*. + +## 2.2 Informative references + +This Recommendation uses the following informative references. + +- [ITU-T J.366.4] Recommendation ITU-T J.366.4 (2006), *IPCablecom2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3 Specification*. +- [ITU-T J.460.0] Recommendation ITU-T J.460.0 (2008), *IPCablecom2 residential SIP telephony: Feature definition*. +- [ITU-T J.460.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.460.1 (2008), *IPCablecom2 residential SIP telephony: Feature specification*. +- [IETF RFC 3588] IETF RFC 3588 (2003), *Diameter Base Protocol*. +- [3GPP TS 23.228] 3GPP TS 23.228 (2005), *IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Stage 2, Release 6, V6.12.0*. +- [3GPP TS 32.251] 3GPP TS 32.251 (2006), *Telecommunication management; Charging management; Packet Switched (PS) domain charging*. + +## 2.3 Reference acquisition + +- Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), Internet: +- Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Internet: + +# 3 Terms and definitions + +This Recommendation uses the following terms defined in [ITU-T J.363]: + +**3.1 accounting:** The process of collecting usage data. + +**3.2 charging:** The process of applying rating to usage data for a given session for the generation of a subscriber's bill. + +**3.3 DIAMETER:** The Diameter protocol provides an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) framework for applications such as network access or IP mobility. + +**3.4 HFC access network:** The hybrid-fibre coax network, which provides physical transport of video and high speed data services via DOCSIS. + +**3.5 usage data:** A collection of data representing the usage of network resources for a given session. + +# **4 Abbreviations, acronyms and conventions** + +## **4.1 Abbreviations and acronyms** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|--------|--------------------------------------| +| 3GPP | Third Generation Partnership Project | +| AC | Automatic Callback | +| ACA | Accounting-Answer | +| ACR | Accounting-Request | +| AR | Auto Recall | +| AS | Application Server | +| AVP | Attribute Value Pair | +| B2BUA | Back-to-Back User Agent | +| CDF | Charging Data Function | +| CF | Call Forwarding | +| CFDA | Call Forwarding Don't Answer | +| CFV | Call Forwarding Variable | +| CSCF | Call Session Control Function | +| ICID | IMS Charging ID | +| IMPU | IMS Public Identity | +| IMS | IP Multimedia Subsystem | +| IOI | Inter-Operator Identifier | +| IVR | Interactive Voice Responder | +| LIDB | Line Identification Database | +| OCB | Outbound Call Blocking | +| P-CSCF | Proxy-CSCF | +| RACF | Remote Activation of Call Forwarding | +| RST | Residential SIP Telephony | +| SCB | Solicitor Call Blocking | +| S-CSCF | Serving-CSCF | +| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | +| UE | User Equipment | + +## 4.2 Conventions + +Throughout this Recommendation, the words that are used to define the significance of particular requirements are capitalized. These words are: + +- "MUST"** This word means that the item is an absolute requirement of this Recommendation. +- "MUST NOT"** This phrase means that the item is an absolute prohibition of this Recommendation. +- "SHOULD"** This word means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore this item, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before choosing a different course. +- "SHOULD NOT"** This phrase means that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the listed behaviour is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before implementing any behaviour described with this label. +- "MAY"** This word means that this item is truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item because a particular marketplace requires it or because it enhances the product, for example; another vendor may omit the same item. + +# 5 Technical overview + +## 5.1 IPCablecom2 accounting architecture + +Figure 1 depicts the IPCablecom2 accounting reference architecture, as described in IPCablecom2 accounting [ITU-T J.363]. + +![Figure 1 – IPCablecom2 accounting reference architecture diagram](053f1077d592e6622cd21dc4bb4cb366_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IPCablecom2 accounting reference architecture. It shows the flow of accounting information from various network elements to a central Billing system and RKS (RADIUS Key Server). The components and their connections are as follows: + +- RST AS** (RST Application Server) is connected to **S-CSCF** via an **ISC** interface and to **CDF/CGF** via an **Rf** interface. +- S-CSCF** is connected to **P-CSCF** via an **Mw** interface and to **CDF/CGF** via an **Rf** interface. +- P-CSCF** is connected to **RST client** via a **Gm** interface, to **CDF/CGF** via an **Rf** interface, and to **App mgr** via a **pkt-qos-1** interface. +- RST client** is connected to **CM** (CME). +- CM** is connected to **CMTS** via a **pkt-mm-1** interface. +- CDF/CGF** is connected to **Billing system** via an **Undefined** interface. +- App mgr** is connected to **Policy server** via a **pkt-mm-3** interface. +- Policy server** is connected to **RKS** via a **pkt-mm-4** interface and to **Billing system** via an **Undefined** interface. +- CMTS** is connected to **RKS** via a **pkt-mm-5** interface. + +The diagram is labeled with **J.460.3(08)\_F01** in the bottom right corner. + +Figure 1 – IPCablecom2 accounting reference architecture diagram + +**Figure 1 – IPCablecom2 accounting reference architecture** + +The IPCablecom2 residential SIP telephony (RST) feature specification [ITU-T J.460.1] leverages IPCablecom2 as the underlying SIP-based network. The RST application server implements the application level network functionality for the RST service, and is essentially seen as an application server from the IPCablecom2 perspective. Consequently, communications between the IPCablecom2 network and the RST application server utilize the ISC interface defined in [3GPP TS 23.228]. + +As described in the following clauses, only the RST application server is relevant for accounting of RST features. + +### **5.1.1 Functional entities** + +The next two clauses discuss the RST functional entities; RST client and RST application server are presented as described in [ITU-T J.460.1]. Also, different roles of the RST server that impact the RST accounting architecture are described. + +#### **5.1.1.1 RST client (UE)** + +The RST client resides on the UE and is used to access RST services. References to simply a UE in this Recommendation imply a UE with an RST client accessing RST services. + +#### **5.1.1.2 RST application server** + +The RST application server implements the application level network functionality for the RST service. + +The RST application server may be either a back-to-back user agent (B2BUA), or a forwarding proxy, depending on the feature definition in the RST Feature Recommendation. For the features covered by this Recommendation, the RST application server is expected to always act as a forwarding proxy. However, the accounting definitions should not prohibit B2BUA operation, should such an implementation be used. + +## **5.2 Design goals** + +The IPCablecom2 RST accounting architecture attempts to limit extensions of accounting events to the application server only. Changes to CSCF accounting events should be avoided whenever practically possible. + +Extensions to accounting events should be contained in an RST-Information AVP group within the Service-Information AVP group as defined in [ETSI TS 132 260] and [ETSI TS 132 299]. + +## **5.3 Scope** + +Only those features which are network executed are to be covered by this Recommendation. Those features which are UE executed are not covered by this Recommendation, and thus not explicitly accounted for. As a result, this Recommendation only documents impacts to the AS to CDF interface. The CSCF to CDF interface is defined in the IPCablecom2 accounting Recommendation [ITU-T J.363]. + +# **6 IPCablecom2 services** + +## **6.1 IPCablecom2 call configurations** + +The architecture for IPCablecom2 accounting is documented in [ITU-T J.363]. All of the requirements on IPCablecom2 network elements for reporting accounting information in that specification MUST be implemented in order to support the RST service. These requirements ensure that the data specific to the HFC access network can be properly correlated with the accounting data generated in the IMS domain. Further, IPCablecom2 network elements MUST implement the Rf interface as defined in [ETSI TS 132 240], [ETSI TS 132 260], and [ETSI TS 132 299]. IPCablecom2 network elements MUST support the P-Charging-Vector and P-Charging-Function-Address header requirements as defined in [ITU-T J.366.4]. + +Additionally, [ITU-T J.363] describes the basic requirements on the IPCablecom2 network elements, and provides a description of critical DIAMETER AVPs needed for IPCablecom2 accounting. + +In this Recommendation, additional RST-specific requirements, primarily on the RST AS, are discussed. + +The IPCablecom2 charging model enables both session-based and event-based charging. Session-based charging uses ACRs of types start, interim, and stop, while event-based charging uses event ACRs. IPCablecom2 accounting uses all of these ACR types. In support of RST service features, event based charging is used in conjunction with the accounting defined for the IPCablecom2 network elements. + +### 6.1.1 On-net to on-net call configuration + +As Figure 1 shows, the RST AS sends accounting data to the CDF via the Rf interface as defined in [ETSI TS 132 260] and [ETSI TS 132 299]. Data specific to the features being invoked are covered in detail in the specific feature clauses. This clause covers capabilities common to all of the RST features. + +![Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE, RST feature AS, and CDF for a generic RST feature invocation. The flow starts with an INVITE from UE to AS, followed by AS saving accounting data. Then AS sends INVITE to CDF, receives 200 OK, and forwards 200 OK to UE. Finally, AS sends an ACR (event) to CDF and receives an ACA response.](27b06ec9f42b5d727a2630f61a5f1861_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant AS as RST feature AS + participant CDF + UE->>AS: INVITE + Note over AS: Save accounting data + AS->>CDF: INVITE + CDF-->>AS: 200 OK + AS-->>UE: 200 OK + AS->>CDF: ACR (event) + CDF-->>AS: ACA + +``` + +J.460.3(08)\_F02 + +Sequence diagram showing the interaction between UE, RST feature AS, and CDF for a generic RST feature invocation. The flow starts with an INVITE from UE to AS, followed by AS saving accounting data. Then AS sends INVITE to CDF, receives 200 OK, and forwards 200 OK to UE. Finally, AS sends an ACR (event) to CDF and receives an ACA response. + +**Figure 2 – Generic RST feature invocation** + +Figure 2 shows a generic example of how an RST feature may be invoked upon initiation of a session. Generally, the AS handling the feature request will generate an ACR message appropriate to the context of the feature. These AS-generated messages are of type event for all of the defined RST features. In the example shown in Figure 2, the event message is sent when the 200 OK to the initial invite is received. In the actual feature descriptions, the context will define the appropriate trigger for sending an event ACR. + +As in Figure 2, some of the critical AVPs are found in the Diameter Base data defined in [IETF RFC 3588]. The rest are grouped in the IMS-Information AVP (ID 876), within the Service-Information AVP (ID 873), and defined in [ETSI TS 132 299]. Note that Diameter Base AVPs have IMS names that differ from the names in [IETF RFC 3588]. This Recommendation uses the IMS name for initial reference of such AVPs, and includes the base name in parentheses along with the AVP ID. After the initial reference, only the IMS name is used. + +#### 6.1.1.1 Diameter AVPs for basic RST feature accounting use + +The AVPs described in the list below and covered in [ITU-T J.363] apply to RST features. The RST AS MUST include the following AVPs in the ACR event messages related to an RST feature activation or invocation: + +- **IMS-Charging-ID (AVP 841)**: Used by the CDF for correlation. If the AS is within the same trusted domain as the CSCF that made the feature request, the ICID will be provided to the AS in SIP signalling and the AS MUST use the provided ICID unless indicated otherwise in this Recommendation. If the CSCF does not provide an ICID, the AS will generate a unique ICID for the signalling dialog. + +- Operation Type (Accounting-Record-Type AVP 480) from the Diameter Base data: Designates if the message is an ACR start, interim, stop, or event. This will help the CDF determine the context of the message. +- Node-Functionality (AVP 862): Identifies the type of the node that sent the accounting message (P-CSCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF, AS). This will help the CDF determine the context of the message. The AS MUST set the node-functionality to AS. +- Originator Host (Origin-Host AVP 264) and Originator Domain (Origin-Realm AVP 296) in the Diameter Base data: Uniquely identify the node that sent the accounting message. The AS MUST set the originator host and originator domain as configured. +- Operation Number (Accounting-Record-Number AVP 485) from the Diameter Base Data: Provides a sequence number for ordering the accounting messages. +- Role-of-Node (AVP 829): Designates whether the element is originator, terminator, proxy, or B2BUA. This will allow the CDF/billing system to determine whether it is receiving accounting messages for the originating or terminating side of a session. + +The Inter-Operator-Identifier (AVP 838) is a grouped AVP that contains the Originating-IOI (AVP 839) and Terminating-IOI (AVP 840), wherever operator boundaries are crossed. This data will be used for settlements with interconnect operators. [ITU-T J.366.4] describes when the IOI is available to an IMS node. Whenever an IPCablecom2 RST AS receives or sends inter-operator information in IMS signalling, it MUST include the IOI AVP in the ACR event message. + +#### 6.1.1.2 Subscriber identification + +As described in [ITU-T J.363], Calling-Party-Address and Called-Party-Address are used to identify the subscribers involved in an RST session. These are populated from the public identity headers and Request URI respectively. + +When generating ACR event messages, the RST AS MUST include the Calling-Party-Address AVP containing the entire contents of the P-Asserted-Identity header of the originator, if present. If the P-Asserted-Identity header is not present, then the RST AS MUST include the entire contents of the P-Preferred-Identity header if present. If both the P-Asserted-Identity and P-Preferred-Identity headers are not present, then RST AS MUST include the entire contents of the From header. + +As with the S-CSCF, an RST AS commonly performs translations on the request URI. The reported value of the Called-Party-Address from the AS should be the address in the modified Request URI after all translations have been completed. + +When generating ACR event messages, the RST AS MUST include the Called-Party-Address AVP containing the entire contents of the Request URI of the terminator after applying all of the translations needed on the SIP Request. + +The RST AS may be required to generate feature-specific accounting data with additional subscriber information. This additional data is defined in the specific feature clauses. + +#### 6.1.1.3 RST feature timestamps + +The following timestamp AVPs are included in RST AS messages: + +- Origination timestamp (Event-Timestamp AVP 55) from the Diameter Base data: This is defined as the time that the "operation is requested," which generally means when the DIAMETER message is sent. +- SIP-Request-Timestamp (AVP 834): This AVP is used for the time when a SIP request message was sent. +- SIP-Response-Timestamp (AVP 835): This AVP is used for the time when a SIP response was received. + +SIP-Request-Timestamp and SIP-Response-Timestamp are grouped under Time-Stamp (AVP 833). + +The context of the specific RST feature will determine exactly how each of these timestamp AVPs are populated. + +## **6.2 Specific services** + +### **6.2.1 Call forwarding** + +#### **6.2.1.1 Call forwarding variable** + +Call forwarding variable (CFV) is a feature that allows a subscriber to activate forwarding of all calls to the subscriber's public identity to another location. The forward-to address can be provided by the subscriber or by the network operator. With CFV, the forwarding happens immediately and the forwarded public identity has no opportunity to answer the call prior to the forwarding. + +##### **6.2.1.1.1 Accounting procedures** + +The following clauses provide the detailed accounting procedures for each call forwarding variable scenario. + +###### **6.2.1.1.1.1 CFV establishment** + +The call forwarding application server (CF AS) MUST generate an ACR event when it receives the 200 OK in response to the forwarded INVITE. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to terminator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to session establishment, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMS public identity (IMPU) of the forwarding party in the ACR event. The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received the 200 OK to the forwarded INVITE. + +The call forwarding application server (CF AS) MUST generate an ACR event when it receives an error in response (4xx, 5xx, or 6xx) to the forwarded INVITE. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to terminator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to session establishment and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it sent the error response (4xx, 5xx, or 6xx) to the forwarded INVITE. + +The CF AS MUST set the Cause-Code (AVP 861) indicating the response code received or sent by the CF AS. + +When cancelling a forwarded session, the CF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it receives a 200 OK to a CANCEL. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to terminator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to the Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to session establishment and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received the 200 OK to the forwarded CANCEL. + +The CF AS MUST set the Cause-Code (AVP 861) to 2, "Unsuccessful session setup." + +###### **6.2.1.1.1.2 CFV deactivation** + +The CF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it sends the 200 OK in response to an INVITE received from the RST subscriber that deactivates CFV. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to originator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to De-Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it sends the 200 OK to the INVITE. + +###### **6.2.1.1.1.3 CFV Activation with user-provided address** + +When the CF AS receives an INVITE, which indicates CFV Activation, and a user-provided address is present, the AS will forward the INVITE to the user-provided address. The CF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it receives the 200 OK response to the forwarded INVITE. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to originator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it received the 200 OK response to the forwarded INVITE. + +For the case where the forwarded-to party does not answer or is busy, the CF AS MUST NOT generate an ACR event. If a second CFV Activation to a user-provided address is attempted within a two-minute window, the CF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it receives the first 18x or 486 (busy) response to the forwarded INVITE. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to originator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it received the 18x or 486 (busy) response to the forwarded INVITE. + +The CF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it receives a non-busy error in response (4xx, 5xx, or 6xx) to the forwarded INVITE. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to originator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received the error response (4xx, 5xx, or 6xx) to the forwarded INVITE. + +The CF AS MUST set the Cause-Code (AVP 861) indicating the response code received by the CF AS. + +###### **6.2.1.1.1.4 CFV activation to a fixed number** + +The CF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it sends the 200 OK response to the INVITE received from the RST subscriber that activates CFV. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to originator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it sent the 200 OK response to the INVITE. + +The CF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it sends an error in response (4xx, 5xx, or 6xx) to the INVITE received from the RST subscriber that activates CFV. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to originator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it sent the error response (4xx, 5xx, or 6xx) to the INVITE. + +The CF AS MUST set the Cause-Code (AVP 861), indicating the response code sent by the CF AS. + +###### 6.2.1.1.1.5 UE SUBSCRIBE for notification of a forwarded call + +The CF AS, if configured to send ACR events upon successful subscription, MUST generate an ACR event when it sends the 200 OK in response to a SUBSCRIBE for notification of a forwarded call. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to originator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to Subscribe, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it sent the 200 OK response to the SUBSCRIBE. + +###### 6.2.1.1.1.6 Notification to UE of a forwarded call or call forwarding activation status + +The CF AS, if configured to send ACR events when sending NOTIFY messages, MUST generate an ACR event when it receives the 200 OK response to a NOTIFY of a forwarded call or call forwarding activation status. The CF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to terminator. The CF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Call Forwarding Variable, the Session-Type to Notify, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The CF AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it received the 200 OK response to the NOTIFY. + +##### 6.2.1.1.2 Diameter message flows + +###### 6.2.1.1.2.1 Successful call forward establishment + +Figure 3 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between the Call Forward application server and the CDF during a Call Forward initiated for an RST subscriber. The 200 OK response to the call forward INVITE triggers an accounting action (ACR event) in the Call Forward application server (CF AS). The CF AS does not remain in the signalling path after the INVITE transaction completes. The RST subscriber's S-CSCF will generate start and stop ACRs that will supply the details about the call session. The event ACR from the Call Forward application server can be correlated with the session records to allow the billing centre to correctly associate the RST subscriber with the call leg to the forward-to party. + +![Sequence diagram of Call Forward Establishment showing interactions between UE, Call forwarding AS, and CDF.](6f341f415ee0f8c724e5d6daeb1e9b4a_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant CFAS as Call forwarding AS + participant CDF + Note right of CFAS: Save accounting data + UE->>CFAS: INVITE + CFAS->>CDF: INVITE + CDF-->>CFAS: 200 OK + CFAS-->>UE: 200 OK + CFAS->>CDF: ACR (event CFV establishment) + CDF-->>CFAS: ACA + Note right of CDF: J.460.3(08)_F03 +``` + +The diagram illustrates the sequence of messages for a successful call forward establishment. It involves three main entities: UE (User Equipment), Call forwarding AS (Application Server), and CDF (CDF). The sequence starts with the UE sending an INVITE message to the Call forwarding AS. The Call forwarding AS then sends an INVITE message to the CDF. The CDF responds with a 200 OK message to the Call forwarding AS, which in turn sends a 200 OK message back to the UE. Simultaneously, the Call forwarding AS sends an ACR (event CFV establishment) message to the CDF, and the CDF responds with an ACA (Accounting Answer) message. A note indicates that the Call forwarding AS saves accounting data upon receiving the 200 OK from the CDF. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F03. + +Sequence diagram of Call Forward Establishment showing interactions between UE, Call forwarding AS, and CDF. + +**Figure 3 – Call Forward Establishment** + +###### 6.2.1.1.2.2 Successful Call Forwarding variable activation with user-provided address + +Figure 4 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between Call Forward application server and the CDF when Call Forwarding is being activated by an RST subscriber with a user-provided address. In this case, the Call Forward application server proxies the INVITE to the user-provided address and the RST subscriber is connected through the forward-to address. The 200 OK response to the call forward INVITE triggers an accounting action in the Call Forward application server. The accounting action is distinguished from the normal Call Forwarding action by indicating that it + +is a CFV Activation vs a CFV session establishment. The Call Forward application server does not remain in the signalling path after the INVITE transaction completes. The RST subscriber's S-CSCF will generate start and stop ACRs that will supply the details about the call session. The event ACR from the Call Forward application server can be correlated with the session records to allow the billing centre to correctly associate the RST subscriber with the call forwarding activation call. + +![Sequence diagram for Call Forward activation with a user-provided address. The diagram shows three main entities: UE (User Equipment), Call forwarding AS (Application Server), and CDF (Call Forwarding Database). The sequence of messages is: 1. UE sends an INVITE to Call forwarding AS. 2. Call forwarding AS performs a 'Save accounting data' operation. 3. Call forwarding AS sends an INVITE to CDF. 4. CDF returns a 200 OK to Call forwarding AS. 5. Call forwarding AS sends an ACR (event CFV activation) to CDF. 6. CDF returns an ACA (Accounting Information) to Call forwarding AS. 7. Call forwarding AS sends a 200 OK back to the UE. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)_F04.](c85ded401105f62f2d6ff26b3b5eb4af_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant AS as Call forwarding AS + participant CDF + Note right of AS: Save accounting data + UE->>AS: INVITE + AS->>CDF: INVITE + CDF-->>AS: 200 OK + AS->>CDF: ACR (event CFV activation) + CDF-->>AS: ACA + AS-->>UE: 200 OK + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Call Forward activation with a user-provided address. The diagram shows three main entities: UE (User Equipment), Call forwarding AS (Application Server), and CDF (Call Forwarding Database). The sequence of messages is: 1. UE sends an INVITE to Call forwarding AS. 2. Call forwarding AS performs a 'Save accounting data' operation. 3. Call forwarding AS sends an INVITE to CDF. 4. CDF returns a 200 OK to Call forwarding AS. 5. Call forwarding AS sends an ACR (event CFV activation) to CDF. 6. CDF returns an ACA (Accounting Information) to Call forwarding AS. 7. Call forwarding AS sends a 200 OK back to the UE. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F04. + +Figure 4 – Call Forward activation with a user-provided address + +#### 6.2.1.2 Call forwarding don't answer + +Call forwarding don't answer (CFDA) is a feature that allows forwarding of all unanswered calls to the subscriber's public identity to another location. The forward-to address can be provided by the subscriber to the network operator through a non-signalling mechanism. With CFDA the forwarding happens after a pre-provisioned timeout if the forwarded public identity has not answered the call. + +##### 6.2.1.2.1 Accounting procedures + +The accounting procedures for call forwarding don't answer are the same as for call forwarding variable session establishment. The CFDA AS MUST follow the procedures in clause 6.2.1.1.1.1. + +#### 6.2.1.3 Call forwarding on busy + +Call forwarding busy line (CFBL) is a feature that allows a subscriber to activate forwarding of all calls to the subscriber's public identity to another location when the call is received while the subscriber is not capable of receiving another incoming call. The forward-to address is provided by the network operator, though the subscriber may request a particular forward-to address. With CFBL, the forwarding happens immediately upon detection that the public identity cannot receive the call and the forwarded public identity has no opportunity to answer the call prior to the forwarding. + +##### 6.2.1.3.1 Accounting procedures + +The accounting procedures for call forwarding on busy are the same as for call forwarding variable session establishment. The CFBL AS MUST follow the procedures in clause 6.2.1.1.1.1. + +#### 6.2.1.4 Call forwarding selective call forwarding + +Selective call forwarding (SCF) is an incoming call management feature that allows customers to define a special list of addresses and a remote address. Incoming calls that are on the list will be forwarded to the remote address. With SCF, the forwarding happens immediately and the forwarded public identity has no opportunity to answer the call prior to the forwarding. + +##### **6.2.1.4.1 Accounting procedures** + +The accounting procedures for call forwarding selective call forwarding are the same as for call forwarding variable session establishment. The SCF AS MUST follow the procedures in clause 6.2.1.1.1.1. + +#### **6.2.1.5 Remote activation of call forwarding** + +The remote activation of call forwarding (RACF) feature allows a subscriber who also subscribes to the call forwarding variable to control CFV for one of his IPCablecom2 UEs from another location (i.e., not at the UE being forwarded). In order to prevent unauthorized forwarding, the subscriber is required to provide a PIN or password when activating or deactivating RACF. PIN numbers can be specified by the service provider. The service provider may also allow the subscriber to create or modify his PIN numbers using the SPP feature. + +##### **6.2.1.5.1 Accounting procedures** + +###### **6.2.1.5.1.1 CFV activation with user-provided address** + +The RACF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it sends the BYE upon completion of the activation of CFV. The RACF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. The RACF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Remote Activation of Call Forwarding, the Session-Type to Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The RACF AS MUST set the SIP-Request-Timestamp to the time when it sent the BYE. + +###### **6.2.1.5.1.2 CFV activation to a fixed number** + +The RACF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it sends the BYE upon completion of the activation of CFV. The RACF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. The RACF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Remote Activation of Call Forwarding, the Session-Type to Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The RACF AS MUST set the SIP-Request-Timestamp to the time when it sent the BYE. + +###### **6.2.1.5.1.3 CFV deactivation** + +The RACF AS MUST generate an ACR event when it sends the BYE upon completion of the deactivation of CFV. The RACF AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. The RACF AS MUST set the Server-Role AVP to Remote Activation of Call Forwarding, the Session-Type to De-Activation, and the RST-Subscriber-ID to the IMPU of the forwarding party in the ACR event. + +The RACF AS MUST set the SIP-Request-Timestamp to the time when it sends the BYE. + +##### **6.2.1.5.2 Diameter message flows** + +Figure 5 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between participating RACF application server and CDF for remote activation of call forwarding. In this case, the RACF application server receives an INVITE, and connects an IVR into the call. The results of the IVR interactions determines the type of call forward activation or de-activation that is being executed. When the RACF application server terminates the session with a BYE, it generates an accounting event that indicates the type of call forwarding action that occurred. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating the Remote activation of call forwarding. The diagram shows three participants: UE (User Equipment), RACF AS (Remote Activation Call Forwarding Application Server), and CDF (Call Forwarding Database). The sequence of messages is: 1. UE sends an INVITE to RACF AS. 2. RACF AS sends a 'Save accounting data' message to itself. 3. RACF AS sends a 200 OK response to UE. 4. UE sends a BYE message to RACF AS. 5. RACF AS sends an ACR (event RACF activation) message to CDF. 6. CDF sends an ACA (Accounting Call Acknowledgement) message back to RACF AS. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)_F05.](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant RACF AS + participant CDF + Note right of RACF AS: Save accounting data + UE->>RACF AS: INVITE + RACF AS->>RACF AS: Save accounting data + RACF AS->>UE: 200 OK + UE->>RACF AS: BYE + RACF AS->>CDF: ACR (event RACF activation) + CDF->>RACF AS: ACA + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating the Remote activation of call forwarding. The diagram shows three participants: UE (User Equipment), RACF AS (Remote Activation Call Forwarding Application Server), and CDF (Call Forwarding Database). The sequence of messages is: 1. UE sends an INVITE to RACF AS. 2. RACF AS sends a 'Save accounting data' message to itself. 3. RACF AS sends a 200 OK response to UE. 4. UE sends a BYE message to RACF AS. 5. RACF AS sends an ACR (event RACF activation) message to CDF. 6. CDF sends an ACA (Accounting Call Acknowledgement) message back to RACF AS. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F05. + +**Figure 5 – Remote activation of call forwarding** + +#### 6.2.1.6 Call forwarding to voice mail + +Call forwarding to voice mail is achieved by the network operator provisioning the CFDA and CFBL features with a forward-to address of the voice mail system. + +##### 6.2.1.6.1 Accounting Procedures + +When forwarding the call due to a busy line condition, the CF AS MUST follow the procedures as defined in clause 6.2.1.3. + +When forwarding the call due to a don't answer condition, the CF AS MUST follow the procedures as defined in clause 6.2.1.2. + +### 6.2.2 Call blocking + +#### 6.2.2.1 Outbound call blocking + +Outbound call blocking (OCB) prevents a UE from making calls to specific public identities, as defined in [ITU-T J.460.1]. Service providers typically offer this feature as one or more named outbound call blocking services. Examples include international call blocking, local directory assistance call blocking, long distance directory assistance call blocking, 900/976 call blocking, and toll call blocking. + +The OCB AS may support an override PIN option. It does this by including an override PIN announcement in the early media session. The caller entered override PIN is forwarded to the OCB AS per the method negotiated in the early media session SDP offer-answer exchange. If the override PIN is authenticated, the OCB AS forwards the INVITE to the destination public identity. If the PIN override authentication fails, the OCB AS announces the authentication failure and terminates the early media session by sending a Forbidden (403) response. + +If the OCB AS does not support the override PIN option, the OCB AS sends a Forbidden (403) response after announcing the call has been blocked. The Forbidden (403) response and acknowledgement end the early media session. + +##### 6.2.2.1.1 Accounting procedures + +Outbound call blocking takes place at the OCB AS. The accounting procedures at the OCB AS are described below. + +When a call is blocked by the OCB AS, the OCB AS MUST generate an ACR event and set the Server-Role to OCB and Session-Type to CALL BLOCK. The OCB AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time the Forbidden (403) response was transmitted. The OCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. + +If the PIN override is accepted by an OCB AS, the call is allowed and the OCB AS MUST generate an ACR event and set the Server-Role to OCB and Session-Type to CALL BLOCK OVERRIDE. + +The OCB AS MUST set the SIP-Request-Timestamp to the time the INVITE was forwarded. The OCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. + +If OCB is disabled (via provisioning), the call is allowed and the OCB AS MUST generate an ACR event and set the Server-Role to OCB and Session-Type to CALL BLOCK DISABLED. The OCB AS MUST set the SIP-Request-Timestamp to the time the INVITE was forwarded. The OCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. + +If the PIN override fails to authenticate, the call is blocked and the OCB AS MUST generate an ACR event and set the Server-Role to OCB and Session-Type to CALL BLOCK. The OCB AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time the Forbidden (403) response was transmitted. The OCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. + +If the OCB is not configured to support the optional PIN override capability, the call is blocked and the OCB AS MUST generate an ACR event and set the Server-Role to OCB and Session-Type to CALL BLOCK. The OCB AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time the Forbidden (403) response was transmitted. The OCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to origination. + +No accounting is required when the OCB feature is subscribed via normal operator provisioning or via subscriber self-provisioning via a web portal. + +No accounting is required when the OCB override PIN is changed. + +##### 6.2.2.1.2 Diameter message flows + +Outbound call blocking takes place at the OCB AS. Normal S-CSCF accounting triggers apply. + +Example call flows for outbound call blocking are shown below. They are the OCB call flows from [ITU-T J.460.1], with the OCB AS-generated accounting messages shown. + +![Sequence diagram showing the message flow for Outbound call blocking (OCB) with the feature deactivated. The diagram involves three entities: UE, OCB AS, and CDF. The UE sends an INVITE to the OCB AS. The OCB AS performs a 'Verify OCB is not active' check. It then forwards the INVITE to the CDF. The OCB AS also sends an ACR (event OCB - call block deactivated) to the CDF. The CDF sends an ACA back to the OCB AS. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)_F06.](a51105b2031bad93b818b82f071c6add_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant OCB AS + participant CDF + Note right of OCB AS: Verify OCB is not active + UE->>OCB AS: INVITE + OCB AS->>CDF: INVITE + OCB AS->>CDF: ACR (event OCB - call block deactivated) + CDF-->>OCB AS: ACA + Note right of CDF: J.460.3(08)_F06 +``` + +Sequence diagram showing the message flow for Outbound call blocking (OCB) with the feature deactivated. The diagram involves three entities: UE, OCB AS, and CDF. The UE sends an INVITE to the OCB AS. The OCB AS performs a 'Verify OCB is not active' check. It then forwards the INVITE to the CDF. The OCB AS also sends an ACR (event OCB - call block deactivated) to the CDF. The CDF sends an ACA back to the OCB AS. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F06. + +Figure 6 – Outbound call blocking (OCB) – Feature Deactivated + +![Sequence diagram for OCB invalid override PIN. Lifelines: UE, OCB AS, CDF. The sequence shows an INVITE from UE to OCB AS, followed by internal processing in OCB AS (verify OCB enabled, save accounting data). Responses 183 with SDP, PRACK, and 200 OK PRACK are sent from OCB AS to UE. An OCB announcement and PIN collection message is sent from OCB AS to UE. After N attempts, a 'PIN override failed announcement' is sent from OCB AS to UE, followed by a 403 forbidden response. Finally, an ACR (event OCB - call block) and ACA are sent from OCB AS to CDF.](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant OCB AS + participant CDF + Note right of OCB AS: Verify OCB is enabled, the call is to a blocked address and PIN service is supported + Note right of OCB AS: Save accounting data + UE->>OCB AS: INVITE + OCB AS-->>UE: 183 with SDP + UE->>OCB AS: PRACK + OCB AS-->>UE: 200 OK PRACK + OCB AS->>UE: OCB announcement and PIN collection + Note right of OCB AS: Verify no correct override PIN is entered after N attempts + OCB AS->>UE: PIN override failed announcement + OCB AS-->>UE: 403 forbidden + OCB AS->>CDF: ACR (event OCB - call block) + OCB AS-->>CDF: ACA + Note left of UE: J.460.3(08)_F07 + +``` + +Sequence diagram for OCB invalid override PIN. Lifelines: UE, OCB AS, CDF. The sequence shows an INVITE from UE to OCB AS, followed by internal processing in OCB AS (verify OCB enabled, save accounting data). Responses 183 with SDP, PRACK, and 200 OK PRACK are sent from OCB AS to UE. An OCB announcement and PIN collection message is sent from OCB AS to UE. After N attempts, a 'PIN override failed announcement' is sent from OCB AS to UE, followed by a 403 forbidden response. Finally, an ACR (event OCB - call block) and ACA are sent from OCB AS to CDF. + +**Figure 7 – OCB invalid override PIN** + +![Sequence diagram for OCB valid override PIN. Lifelines: UE, OCB AS, CDF. The sequence shows an INVITE from UE to OCB AS, followed by internal processing in OCB AS (verify OCB enabled, save accounting data). Responses 183 with SDP, PRACK, and 200 OK PRACK are sent from OCB AS to UE. An OCB announcement and PIN collection message is sent from OCB AS to UE. After a valid override PIN is entered, OCB AS sends an INVITE to CDF, followed by an ACR (event OCB - call block override) and ACA to CDF.](c5655e700cc3e9aac7e9f4f07f30264d_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant OCB AS + participant CDF + Note right of OCB AS: Verify OCB is enabled, the call is to a blocked address and PIN service is supported + Note right of OCB AS: Save accounting data + UE->>OCB AS: INVITE + OCB AS-->>UE: 183 with SDP + UE->>OCB AS: PRACK + OCB AS-->>UE: 200 OK PRACK + OCB AS->>UE: OCB announcement and PIN collection + Note right of OCB AS: Verify valid override PIN is entered + OCB AS->>CDF: INVITE + OCB AS->>CDF: ACR (event OCB - call block override) + OCB AS-->>CDF: ACA + Note right of CDF: J.460.3(08)_F08 + +``` + +Sequence diagram for OCB valid override PIN. Lifelines: UE, OCB AS, CDF. The sequence shows an INVITE from UE to OCB AS, followed by internal processing in OCB AS (verify OCB enabled, save accounting data). Responses 183 with SDP, PRACK, and 200 OK PRACK are sent from OCB AS to UE. An OCB announcement and PIN collection message is sent from OCB AS to UE. After a valid override PIN is entered, OCB AS sends an INVITE to CDF, followed by an ACR (event OCB - call block override) and ACA to CDF. + +**Figure 8 – OCB – Valid override PIN** + +![Sequence diagram for OCB override PIN service not enabled. Lifelines: UE, OCB AS, CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from UE to OCB AS. OCB AS performs internal checks: 'Verify OCB is enabled, the call is to a blocked address and PIN service is not supported' and 'Save accounting data'. OCB AS then responds with 183 with SDP to UE. UE sends PRACK to OCB AS. OCB AS responds with 200 OK PRACK. UE sends an OCB announcement to OCB AS. OCB AS responds with 403 forbidden to UE. OCB AS sends an ACR (event OCB - call block) to CDF. CDF responds with ACA to OCB AS. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)_F09.](e69b9188aa2c14ec6b21c83f711fef65_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant OCB AS + participant CDF + Note right of OCB AS: Verify OCB is enabled, the call is to a blocked address and PIN service is not supported + Note right of OCB AS: Save accounting data + UE->>OCB AS: INVITE + OCB AS-->>UE: 183 with SDP + UE->>OCB AS: PRACK + OCB AS-->>UE: 200 OK PRACK + UE->>OCB AS: OCB announcement + OCB AS-->>UE: 403 forbidden + OCB AS->>CDF: ACR (event OCB - call block) + CDF-->>OCB AS: ACA + +``` + +Sequence diagram for OCB override PIN service not enabled. Lifelines: UE, OCB AS, CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from UE to OCB AS. OCB AS performs internal checks: 'Verify OCB is enabled, the call is to a blocked address and PIN service is not supported' and 'Save accounting data'. OCB AS then responds with 183 with SDP to UE. UE sends PRACK to OCB AS. OCB AS responds with 200 OK PRACK. UE sends an OCB announcement to OCB AS. OCB AS responds with 403 forbidden to UE. OCB AS sends an ACR (event OCB - call block) to CDF. CDF responds with ACA to OCB AS. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F09. + +**Figure 9 – OCB override PIN service not enabled** + +#### 6.2.2.2 Collect call blocking + +Collect call blocking prevents termination of a collect call to the subscriber's public identity as defined in [ITU-T J.460.1]. A blocked caller receives treatment indicating the subscriber declines to accept the call. + +Collect call blocking is a network based feature relying on LIDB (Line identification database) for feature status. + +The execution of this feature depends on operator interaction with a database external to the IPCablecom2 network. The typical use is as follows: + +- A subscriber calls an operator to place a collect call. +- The operator locates the number to call in the LIDB, to determine if the call is possible. +- If the call is possible, the operator places it; otherwise, the operator informs the subscriber the call is blocked. + +##### 6.2.2.2.1 Accounting procedures + +The call is blocked at the operator service in the PSTN before it reaches the IPCablecom2 network, requiring no resources from the IPCablecom2 network. + +This feature has no subscriber-visible activation/deactivation functionality. + +#### 6.2.2.3 Solicitor call blocking + +Solicitor blocking provides an IVR screen between incoming callers and the subscriber. There are two versions of this feature as defined in [ITU-T J.460.1]. + +In the first version, the incoming caller is connected to IVR and plays a greeting asking the caller to press a key to be connected to the subscriber, thereby acknowledging the caller is not a solicitor and connecting the caller to the subscriber. + +In the second version, the feature application server prompts the caller for a name (greeting) to play to the subscriber. The feature application server then calls the subscriber, plays the greeting, and offers a menu of choices for handling the call. The subscriber then selects or rejects the call based on an IVR menu of choices. + +In both versions of the feature there is a subscriber-specified caller acceptance list of numbers that the subscriber chooses to allow without screening. + +Solicitor blocking is dependent upon the screening list editing (SLE) feature to maintain an SCB caller list of numbers that will bypass the screening. A customer can initiate procedures for modifying the white list by going off-hook, receiving a dial-tone, and dialling the solicitor blocking access code. Each code should provide the customer with access to the same set of solicitor blocking capabilities. + +##### **6.2.2.3.1 Accounting procedures** + +Solicitor call blocking (SCB) takes place at the SCB AS. The accounting procedures at the SCB AS are described below. + +If the calling party does not leave a greeting, the call is blocked and the SCB AS MUST generate an ACR event, including the Server-Role set to SCB, Session-Type set to CALL BLOCK, and the SIP-Response-Timestamp AVP set to the time the 480 final response was transmitted. The SCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to termination. + +If the called party does not accept the call, the call is blocked and the SCB AS MUST generate an ACR event, including the Server-Role set to SCB, the Session-Type set to CALL BLOCK and the SIP-Response-Timestamp AVP set to the time the 480 final response was transmitted. The SCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to termination. + +If the called party accepts the call, the SCB AS MUST generate an ACR event including the Server-Role set to SCB, Session-Type set to CALL BLOCK OVERRIDE, and the SIP-Request-Timestamp AVP set to the time the INVITE was forwarded. The SCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to termination. + +Solicitor Blocking is dependent upon the screening list editing (SLE) feature to maintain an SCB caller list of numbers that will bypass the screening process. If the calling party is in the called party's SCB caller list, the call is allowed and the SCB AS MUST generate an ACR event, including the Server-Role set to SCB, Session-Type set to CALL BLOCK OVERRIDE, and the SIP-Request-Timestamp AVP containing the time the INVITE was forwarded. The SCB AS MUST set the Role-of-Node AVP to termination. + +##### **6.2.2.3.2 Diameter message flows** + +Solicitor call blocking takes place at the SCB AS. Normal S-CSCF accounting triggers apply. + +Example call flows for solicitor call blocking are shown below. They are the OCB call flows from [ITU-T J.460.1], with the SCB AS generated accounting messages shown. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 10: SCB – Called party accepts. Lifelines: UE, SCB AS, CDF. The sequence shows an INVITE from CDF to SCB AS, followed by internal processing (Save accounting data, Collect greeting). SCB AS then sends an INVITE from AS to UE, which responds with 180 ringing, 200 OK, and ACK. SCB AS then plays a greeting and collects a DTMF response. After verifying the call is accepted, SCB AS sends an INVITE from A to UE, an ACR (event SBC - call block override) to CDF, and an ACA to CDF. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)_F10.](c5452f95f3b28f1bfe29e84fbc2e1267_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SCB AS + participant CDF + Note right of SCB AS: Save accounting data + Note right of SCB AS: Collect greeting + CDF->>SCB AS: INVITE + SCB AS->>CDF: 183 with SDP + SCB AS->>UE: INVITE from AS + UE->>SCB AS: 180 ringing + UE->>SCB AS: 200 OK + UE->>SCB AS: ACK + UE->>SCB AS: Play greeting and collect DTMF response + Note right of SCB AS: Verify call is accepted + SCB AS->>UE: INVITE from A + SCB AS->>CDF: ACR (event SBC - call block override) + SCB AS->>CDF: ACA + Note left of UE: J.460.3(08)_F10 + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 10: SCB – Called party accepts. Lifelines: UE, SCB AS, CDF. The sequence shows an INVITE from CDF to SCB AS, followed by internal processing (Save accounting data, Collect greeting). SCB AS then sends an INVITE from AS to UE, which responds with 180 ringing, 200 OK, and ACK. SCB AS then plays a greeting and collects a DTMF response. After verifying the call is accepted, SCB AS sends an INVITE from A to UE, an ACR (event SBC - call block override) to CDF, and an ACA to CDF. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F10. + +**Figure 10 – SCB – Called party accepts** + +![Sequence diagram for Figure 11: SCB – Called party rejects or fails to respond to IVR. Lifelines: UE, SCB AS, CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from CDF to SCB AS, followed by internal processing (Save accounting data, Collect greeting). SCB AS sends an INVITE from AS to UE, which responds with 180 ringing, 200 OK, and ACK. SCB AS plays a greeting and collects a DTMF response. After verifying the call is rejected or the called party fails to respond, SCB AS sends a BYE to UE, which responds with 200 OK BYE. SCB AS then plays call treatment, sends a 480 unavailable message to CDF, an ACR (event SBC - call block override) to CDF, and an ACA to CDF. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)_F11.](366a77fdefb0097b3289b4a011911390_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SCB AS + participant CDF + Note right of SCB AS: Save accounting data + Note right of SCB AS: Collect greeting + CDF->>SCB AS: INVITE + SCB AS->>CDF: 183 with SDP + SCB AS->>UE: INVITE from AS + UE->>SCB AS: 180 ringing + UE->>SCB AS: 200 OK + UE->>SCB AS: ACK + UE->>SCB AS: Play greeting and collect DTMF response + Note right of SCB AS: Verify call is rejected or called party fails to respond + SCB AS->>UE: BYE + UE->>SCB AS: 200 OK BYE + Note right of SCB AS: Play call treatment + SCB AS->>CDF: 480 unavailable + SCB AS->>CDF: ACR (event SBC - call block override) + SCB AS->>CDF: ACA + Note right of CDF: J.460.3(08)_F11 + +``` + +Sequence diagram for Figure 11: SCB – Called party rejects or fails to respond to IVR. Lifelines: UE, SCB AS, CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from CDF to SCB AS, followed by internal processing (Save accounting data, Collect greeting). SCB AS sends an INVITE from AS to UE, which responds with 180 ringing, 200 OK, and ACK. SCB AS plays a greeting and collects a DTMF response. After verifying the call is rejected or the called party fails to respond, SCB AS sends a BYE to UE, which responds with 200 OK BYE. SCB AS then plays call treatment, sends a 480 unavailable message to CDF, an ACR (event SBC - call block override) to CDF, and an ACA to CDF. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F11. + +**Figure 11 – SCB – Called party rejects or fails to respond to IVR** + +![Sequence diagram for SCB - Calling party fails to enter a greeting. The diagram shows interactions between UE, SCB AS, and CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from CDF to SCB AS. SCB AS performs 'Save accounting data' and 'Collect greeting'. A box indicates 'Calling party fails to enter a greeting'. SCB AS then sends a 480 unavailable response to CDF, followed by an ACR (event SCB - call block) and an ACA message. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)_F12.](7133ccf78043568ca62ecbcd43628a4a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant SCB AS + participant CDF + Note right of SCB AS: Save accounting data + Note right of SCB AS: Collect greeting + Note right of SCB AS: Calling party fails to enter a greeting + CDF->>SCB AS: INVITE + SCB AS-->>CDF: 183 with SDP + SCB AS-->>CDF: 480 unavailable + SCB AS->>CDF: ACR (event SCB - call block) + SCB AS-->>CDF: ACA + Note right of CDF: J.460.3(08)_F12 + +``` + +Sequence diagram for SCB - Calling party fails to enter a greeting. The diagram shows interactions between UE, SCB AS, and CDF. The sequence starts with an INVITE from CDF to SCB AS. SCB AS performs 'Save accounting data' and 'Collect greeting'. A box indicates 'Calling party fails to enter a greeting'. SCB AS then sends a 480 unavailable response to CDF, followed by an ACR (event SCB - call block) and an ACA message. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F12. + +**Figure 12 – SCB – Calling party fails to enter a greeting** + +### 6.2.3 Call transfer + +Call transfer occurs when an RST subscriber, who is in a stable call, flashes, calls a third party and hangs up the phone, either after talking to the third party, or while the call to the third party is still being established. The transfer is initiated when the UE sends a REFER that gets forwarded by its serving S-CSCF to a call transfer application server. The call transfer application server is in the flow of the session transfer INVITE transaction, but does not receive subsequent transactions associated with the transfer session. Before the transfer, there is a call between the RST subscriber (party B) and some other user (party A). Standard accounting records will be created for the A – B session. There may also be a consultative session between the transferor (party B) and the transfer-to-user (party C). If so, standard accounting records will be created for the B – C session. When the transfer session between A and C is established, standard accounting records will be created for the A – C session. To allow proper billing, the call transfer application server needs to generate an accounting record that indicates a transfer has occurred that includes information on the transferor, the transferee, and the transfer-to party, the original call sessions, including the B – C session, if one is established, and the final transfer session. This will allow the billing centre to generate the correct start and stop times for the calls. + +NOTE – For a call transfer, the following could be used for the start and stop times by the billing centre to calculate charges: + +- A-B start time is the timestamp in the ACR Start sent by the S-CSCF when the 200 OK was sent or received for the original call. +- B-C start time is either the timestamp in the ACR Start sent by the S-CSCF when the 200 OK is received from C for the consultative leg (original B-C call) for the transfer call (A-C call). +- A-B and B-C stop timestamp in the ACR Stop sent by the S-CSCF when the BYE is sent for the A-C call. + +Normally, the billing centre would use the ICID to correlate accounting records. When the UE generates the REFER message that is received by the call transfer application server, the UE does not know the ICID(s), only the Call-ID(s) that are included in the REFER message. Thus, the call transfer application server can generate accounting record(s) that contain(s) the original session Call-ID, the consultative session Call-ID, if applicable, and the transfer session ICID. Standard accounting records that are generated by IMS include both the Call-ID as well as the ICID. This is expected to allow a billing centre to do the necessary correlation of records. + +#### 6.2.3.1 Accounting procedures + +Call transfer accounting procedures need to address accounting procedures related to three parties: the transferor (always an RST subscriber), transferee (may be an RST subscriber), and the transfer-to party (may be an RST subscriber). + +##### 6.2.3.1.1 Successful call transfer establishment – Transferor accounting + +Call transfer is managed by the call transfer AS in response to a REFER from the transferor. The accounting procedures are described below. + +Two accounting events occur as a result of the SIP signalling. The SIP 202 ACCEPTED response to the REFER and the SIP 200 OK response to the transfer session INVITE trigger the accounting sequence in the call transfer application server. If the call transfer application server rejects the REFER with an error code or the transfer-to party rejects the transfer session, the call transfer application server generates accounting events to record the error. The call transfer AS MUST include the same call transfer feature specific information for both a successful call transfer and the error case. + +The call transfer application server MUST generate an ACR event when it receives the 202 ACCEPTED or an error response for the REFER that is forwarded to the transferee. The call transfer AS MUST include the AVPs in the table below with the values specified: + +**Table 1 – Call transfer ACR event AVPs for 202 Accepted** + +| AVP | Value | Informative notes | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Role-of-Node | Origination. | None. | +| Server-Role | Call transfer. | None. | +| Session-Type | REFER. | None. | +| RST-Subscriber-ID | IMPU of the RST subscriber requesting the transfer. | None. | +| Target | Value of the Target header field. | The Target header includes the SIP Call-ID for the original call (A – B Call). | +| Refer-To | Value of the Refer-to header field. | The Refer-to header contains a Replaces header with a Call-ID parameter. This is the SIP Call-ID for the call to the transfer-to party (B – C call). | +| SIP-Response-Timestamp | The time that call transfer AS received the 202 or an error in response to the REFER. | None. | + +In the case where an error response was received, the call transfer AS MUST set the Cause-Code (AVP 861) indicating the response code received by the call transfer AS. + +The call transfer application server MUST generate an ACR event when it receives the 200 OK or error response to the INVITE for the call transfer. The call transfer AS MUST include the AVPs in the table below with the values specified: + +**Table 2 – Call transfer ACR event AVPs for 200 OK** + +| AVP | Value | Informative notes | +|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Role-of-Node | Origination. | None. | +| Server-Role | Call transfer. | None. | +| Session-Type | Session establishment. | None. | +| RST-Subscriber-ID | IMPU of the RST subscriber requesting the transfer. | None. | +| Target | Value of the Target header field from previous REFER message. | The Target header includes the SIP Call-ID for the original call (A – B Call). | +| Refer-To | Value of the Refer-to header field from previous REFER message. | The Refer-to header contains a Replaces header with a Call-ID parameter. This is the SIP Call-ID for the call to the transfer-to party (B – C call). | +| Transfer-Session-Call-ID | Call-ID parameter in the Call-ID header of the INVITE. | This is the SIP Call-ID for the transfer session (A – C call). | +| SIP-Response-Timestamp | The time that call transfer AS received the 200 OK or an error in response to the INVITE. | None. | + +In the case where an error response was received, the call transfer AS MUST set the Cause-Code (AVP 861) indicating the response code received by the call transfer AS. + +##### 6.2.3.1.2 Successful call transfer establishment – Transferee accounting + +In addition to the accounting records for the transferor (party B), accounting records for the transferee (party A) need to be considered. Since the call transfer involves replacing the original call with a new SIP session, care needs to be taken to ensure the transferee (party A) is correctly billed. Accounting records for party A should enable the billing centre to ensure that A is billed at the original A – B call rate. At some time after the initial call has been set-up, the transferee (party A) receives a REFER that causes it to initiate a call to the call transfer application server. + +NOTE – The ACR event for the REFER is being extended as specified in [ITU-T J.363]. This will allow the billing centre to bill the transfer call (A – C Call) as a continuation of the A – B call, since the REFER ACR event will contain the A-B Call-ID in the Target AVP and the CT-AS info, which is the target for the A – C call, in the Refer-to AVP. To ensure that this is a transfer, the billing centre may test to see if the A-CT-AS INVITE ACR start timestamp is within some limit of the REFER ACR event timestamp (e.g., within 10 seconds). + +If the transferee (party A) is in the PSTN and is connected via an MGC, there would be no signalling back to party A for the transfer call, and its billing centre would only have records that show the initial call to the transferor (party B), with a start time corresponding to when the answer message from or to the transferor (party B) occurred, and with a stop time that occurs after the completion of the call to the transfer-to party (party C). + +##### 6.2.3.1.3 Successful call transfer establishment – Transfer-to party accounting + +Since the transfer-to party (party C) is the terminating side of any call leg associated with a call transfer, no special accounting activities are required for the transfer-to party. + +#### 6.2.3.2 Diameter message flows + +Call transfer accounting scenarios are shown for three parties involved in a call transfer: the transferor (always an RST subscriber), transferee (may be an RST subscriber), and transfer-to party (may be an RST subscriber). + +##### 6.2.3.2.1 Successful call transfer establishment – Transferor + +Figure 13 shows the Diameter transactions that are required between the call transfer application server and the CDF during a call transfer initiated by the transferor. The 202 Accepted for the transfer REFER and the 200 OK for the transfer INVITE trigger accounting action in the call transfer AS. The call transfer AS does not remain in the signalling path after the transfer INVITE transaction completes. + +![Sequence diagram of call transfer establishment between Transferor UE, Transfer to party (party C), Call transfer AS, Transferee (party A), and CDF.](b235edb1dbe659e2782c9a0e47775ca4_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Transferor UE + participant Transfer to party (party C) + participant Call transfer AS + participant Transferee (party A) + participant CDF + + Note left of Transferor UE: J.460.3(08)_F13 + + Transferor UE->>Call transfer AS: REFER + Call transfer AS->>Call transfer AS: Save accounting data + Call transfer AS->>Transferee (party A): REFER + Transferee (party A)-->>Call transfer AS: 202 accepted + Call transfer AS-->>Transferor UE: 202 accepted + Call transfer AS->>CDF: ACR (event call transfer - REFER) + Call transfer AS->>CDF: ACA + Call transfer AS->>Transferee (party A): INVITE + Call transfer AS->>Call transfer AS: Save accounting data + Call transfer AS->>Transfer to party (party C): INVITE + Transfer to party (party C)-->>Call transfer AS: 200 OK + Call transfer AS->>Transferee (party A): 200 OK + Call transfer AS->>CDF: ACR (event call transfer - session establishment) + Call transfer AS->>CDF: ACA + +``` + +Sequence diagram of call transfer establishment between Transferor UE, Transfer to party (party C), Call transfer AS, Transferee (party A), and CDF. + +Figure 13 – Call transfer establishment + +### 6.2.4 Auto recall (for anonymous calls only) + +The automatic recall (AR) feature allows a UE to automatically return a call to the last calling address (the target address is the P-Asserted-ID of the caller) that sent an INVITE to this UE, whether the INVITE was answered by this UE or not. The AR feature should work even when the last call received at the UE did not supply a caller ID. The AR feature invocation has the following two variations: + +- 1) Non-anonymous AR: The caller ID of the last received call at an AR requesting UE is known, and the AR can be placed at the target address directly by either entering the last caller ID or pushing a button on the requesting UE. This case of AR feature invocation does not require the use of an AS and thus becomes a case of basic session establishment call, requiring no event-related accounting records to be created. +- 2) Anonymous AR: The public identity of last caller is not known to (not supplied at) the AR requesting UE, and the AR feature invocation becomes that of an "Anonymous AR" feature and will involve the intervention of an AR application server (AR AS). Consequently, the accounting procedure for this "Anonymous AR" feature will include a generation of event-related accounting data, due to the intervention of the AR AS and its associated actions, resulting in a number of possible accounting scenarios. + +This clause contains accounting specifications for the case of "Anonymous AR." It should be clear that no accounting is required when the AR is subscribed by the subscriber's self-provisioning action via a web portal. + +#### 6.2.4.1 Accounting procedures + +The AR AS will search its network-based call logs with P-Asserted-IDs for the last terminating call to the AR requesting UE and to retrieve the identity of the anonymous target UE matching the call ID provided by the requesting UE. Upon finding the identity, the AR AS replaces the call ID in the INVITE with the IMPU and sends the INVITE back to the S-CSCF to be delivered to the target UE. At this juncture, the AR AS generates an accounting request, ACR event, indicating a successful target UE identification event for the anonymous AR feature invocation. + +If the "INVITE" request to the target UE is returned with a NOTIFY response as "Busy", the requesting UE will send a "SUBSCRIBE" message (via S-CSCF to AR AS to S-CSCF) to the target UE to monitor its Busy/Idle state. Upon sending the SUBSCRIBE message, the AR AS generates another accounting record, and ACR event, indicating another successful event of associating the anonymous last call ID to the IMPU of the target UE. + +If the number of simultaneously SUBSCRIBE messages, queued at the target UE, has already reached a provisioned threshold, the newly arrived SUBSCRIBE message is responded with a "486 Busy Here" or "600 Busy Everywhere" response, and the target UE rejects the SUBSCRIBE message request. Then the requesting UE's AR-ACTIVATE procedure fails the AC request by playing an error announcement (either a voice or tone announcement) to the caller according to the procedures specified in [ITU-T J.460.1]. + +If the target UE responds to the SUBSCRIBE message by a "NOTIFY" of a change in its state from "Busy" to "Idle," and the AR feature activation time has not expired, another INVITE request will be sent by the requesting UE to the target UE, to be responded with a "180 Ringing" message. Otherwise, the SUBSCRIBE request will persist until the AR invocation time expires. + +The accounting for the AR events is not triggered until after the AR activation code is dialled, the anonymous AR feature is invoked, and the AR AS has sent the INVITE back to the S-CSCF. As a matter of procedure, every time the AR AS performs and successfully completes a function, it generates an ACR event, including the AR-Session-Type AVP set to the corresponding AR event, and the SIP-Response-Timestamp AVP that contains the time the response to the AR AS request message was received by the AR AS. The accounting records for the AR specific message reported by the AR AS are correlated with the accounting records (reported by the P-CSCF and S-CSCF) of the basic call that follows the invocation of the anonymous AR using the same ICID. + +The following six possible outcomes, two successes and four failures, may result from applying the above-described anonymous AR accounting procedure to invoke the AR feature. + +##### 6.2.4.1.1 Successful AR invocation + +Upon receipt of an INVITE that identifies the AR feature, the AR AS retrieves the public identity of the target UE and forwards the INVITE, resulting in either "180 Ringing" or "200 OK" message from the target UE. If the target UE rings, then the AR feature invocation is complete. The AR AS MUST generate an ACR event upon receipt of either a 180 or 200 message to the forwarded INVITE. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Auto Recall, and the Session-Type to success. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received either the 180 or the 200 response to the INVITE. + +##### 6.2.4.1.2 Delayed Successful AR + +If the target UE responds to the initial INVITE with a "486 Busy Here" or "600 Busy Everywhere" SIP response message, the AR AS MUST generate an ACR event. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Auto Recall, and the Session-Type to delay success. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received either the 486 or the 600 response to the INVITE. + +As a result of the error response, the requesting UE will send a SUBSCRIBE message to the AR AS to subscribe to the target UEs state. If configured, the AR AS MUST generate an ACR event upon receipt of the 200 OK from the target UE to the SUBSCRIBE and the resulting NOTIFY. + +Upon notification that the target UE is now idle, the requesting UE will send another INVITE to the AR AS. If the INVITE to the target UE is responded by a "180 Ringing" or "200 OK," then the AR feature invocation is complete with a delay. In this case the AR AS MUST generate an ACR event upon receipt of either a 180 or a 200 message to the forwarded INVITE. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Auto Recall, and the Session-Type to success. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received either the 180 or the 200 response to the INVITE. + +##### **6.2.4.1.3 Unsuccessful due to time expiration** + +If the target UE responds to the initial INVITE with a "486 Busy Here" or "600 Busy Everywhere" SIP response message, the AR AS MUST generate an ACR event. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Auto Recall, and the Session-Type to delay success. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received either the 486 or the 600 response to the forwarded INVITE. + +If the SUBSCRIBE to the target UE expires before receiving notification of a change in state, the AR AS MAY receive a NOTIFY indicating the termination of the subscription. If the AR AS receives such a notification and is configured to generate accounting events for NOTIFY messages, the AR AS MUST generate an ACR event. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Auto Recall, and the Session-Type to Failure\_Timeout. Given that no additional SIP signalling results from the timeout of the subscription, the AR AS MUST NOT include the time\_stamps AVP in the ACR event and simply uses the Origination Timestamp as defined by the DIAMETER header. + +##### **6.2.4.1.4 Unsuccessful due to SUBSCRIBE limitation at the target UE** + +If the target UE responds to the initial INVITE with a "486 Busy Here" or "600 Busy Everywhere" SIP response message, the AR AS MUST generate an ACR event. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Auto Recall, and the Session-Type to delay success. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp in the ACR event to the time when it received either the 486 or the 600 response to the forwarded INVITE. + +If the target UE responds with "480 temporarily unavailable" to the SUBSCRIBE, the AR AS MUST generate ACR event. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Automatic Recall, and the Session-Type to Failure\_SUBS\_Limit. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it received the 480 to the SUBSCRIBE. + +##### **6.2.4.1.5 Unsuccessful due to no target UE dialog** + +If the target UE does not support the dialog event package, it will respond to SUBSCRIBE requests with a "489 Bad event." The AR AS MUST generate an ACR event upon receipt of the 489 response. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Automatic Recall, and the AR-Session-Type to Failure\_Dialog. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp to the time when it received the 489 to the INVITE. + +##### **6.2.4.1.6 Unsuccessful due to unidentified target UE** + +When the AR AS fails to identify the anonymous target public identity of the target UE, it rejects the INVITE message from the requesting UE by sending a "489 Bad event" response message. The AR AS MUST generate an ACR event upon sending of the 489 response. The AR AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, the Server-Role to Automatic Recall, and the Session-Type to Failure\_Identity. The AR AS MUST set the SIP-Response-Timestamp AVP to the time when it received the "489 Bad event" response to the INVITE. + +#### 6.2.4.2 Diameter message flows + +This clause provides three diagrams detailing the generic flow diagram and adding the accounting related actions required by the AR AS for each case of success and failure. + +##### 6.2.4.2.1 Successful AR invocation + +Figure 14 shows a successful AR invocation that went through on the first INVITE request message from the requesting UE to the target UE. The AR AS will generate ACR event once, and that occurs after forwarding the INVITE message to S-CSCF. + +![Sequence diagram for Successful AR accounting flow. Lifelines: UE, AR AS, CDF. The UE sends an INVITE to the AR AS. The AR AS performs a 'Save accounting data' action and then forwards the INVITE to the CDF. The CDF returns a 180 ringing response to the AR AS, which in turn forwards it to the UE. The CDF also sends an ACR (event auto recall - success) to the AR AS, which responds with an ACA.](4f148853ae68fdcf5e43f7604cab457d_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant AR AS + participant CDF + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + UE->>AR AS: INVITE + AR AS->>CDF: INVITE + CDF-->>AR AS: 180 ringing + AR AS-->>UE: 180 ringing + CDF->>AR AS: ACR (event auto recall - success) + AR AS-->>CDF: ACA +``` + +J.460.3(08)\_F14 + +Sequence diagram for Successful AR accounting flow. Lifelines: UE, AR AS, CDF. The UE sends an INVITE to the AR AS. The AR AS performs a 'Save accounting data' action and then forwards the INVITE to the CDF. The CDF returns a 180 ringing response to the AR AS, which in turn forwards it to the UE. The CDF also sends an ACR (event auto recall - success) to the AR AS, which responds with an ACA. + +Figure 14 – Successful AR accounting flow diagram + +##### 6.2.4.2.2 Delayed successful AR + +Figure 15 shows a successful AR invocation that was delayed by an additional request message, SUBSCRIBE to the target UE's state, sent by the requesting UE due to the target UE being busy when the first INVITE arrived. In this scenario, the AR AS issues three ACR event request messages, after receiving the sending first INVITE, the first SUBSCRIBE, and the second INVITE, all to S-CSCF. + +![Sequence diagram showing delayed successful AR accounting flow between UE, AR AS, and CDF.](692541e65db4dc852988ce77ebb60ce5_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant AR AS + participant CDF + + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + UE->>AR AS: INVITE + AR AS->>CDF: INVITE + CDF-->>AR AS: 486 busy + AR AS->>UE: 486 busy + AR AS->>CDF: ACR (event auto recall - delay) + AR AS->>CDF: ACA + UE->>AR AS: SUBSCRIBE + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + AR AS->>CDF: SUBSCRIBE + CDF-->>AR AS: 200 OK + AR AS->>CDF: ACR (event SUBSCRIBE) + AR AS->>CDF: ACA + AR AS->>CDF: NOTIFY + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + AR AS->>UE: NOTIFY + UE-->>AR AS: 200 OK + AR AS->>CDF: 200 OK + AR AS->>CDF: ACR (event NOTIFY) + AR AS->>CDF: ACA + UE->>AR AS: INVITE + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + AR AS->>CDF: INVITE + CDF-->>AR AS: 180 ringing + AR AS->>UE: 180 ringing + AR AS->>CDF: ACR (event auto recall - success) + AR AS->>CDF: ACA + +``` + +The diagram illustrates a sequence of interactions between a User Equipment (UE), an Application Server (AR AS), and a Central Database (CDF). The process involves two main call attempts. In the first, an INVITE from the UE is processed by the AR AS, which saves accounting data and forwards it to the CDF. The CDF responds with a 486 busy, which the AR AS relays to the UE. Subsequently, the AR AS sends an ACR (event auto recall - delay) and an ACA to the CDF. The UE then sends a SUBSCRIBE, which the AR AS also accounts for and forwards to the CDF. The CDF responds with 200 OK, and the AR AS sends ACR (event SUBSCRIBE) and ACA to the CDF. The AR AS then sends a NOTIFY to the UE, which responds with 200 OK. The AR AS then sends a 200 OK, ACR (event NOTIFY), and ACA to the CDF. In the second call attempt, an INVITE from the UE is processed by the AR AS, which saves accounting data and forwards it to the CDF. The CDF responds with 180 ringing, which the AR AS relays to the UE. Finally, the AR AS sends an ACR (event auto recall - success) and an ACA to the CDF. The diagram is labeled J.460.3(08)\_F15. + +Sequence diagram showing delayed successful AR accounting flow between UE, AR AS, and CDF. + +**Figure 15 – Delayed successful AR accounting flow diagram** + +##### 6.2.4.2.3 Unsuccessful due to time expiration + +Figure 16 shows a scenario of an unsuccessful AR invocation due to the expiration of the AR invocation time. For this scenario, in addition to two accounting records for the first INVITE and the first SUBSCRIBE, there will be an additional ACR event after the second NOTIFY request is forwarded to the S-CSCF. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating Unsuccessful AR accounting due to time expiration. The diagram shows interactions between UE, AR AS, and CDF. The UE sends an INVITE to the AR AS, which saves accounting data and forwards it to the CDF. The CDF responds with 486 busy, which the AR AS relays to the UE. The AR AS then sends an ACR (event auto recall - delay) to the CDF. The UE sends a SUBSCRIBE to the AR AS, which saves accounting data and forwards it to the CDF. The CDF responds with 200 OK, which the AR AS relays to the UE. The AR AS then sends an ACR (event SUBSCRIBE) to the CDF. The CDF responds with ACA, then NOTIFY subscription terminated. The AR AS saves accounting data and sends NOTIFY subscription terminated to the UE. The UE responds with 200 OK to the AR AS. The AR AS then sends a 200 OK to the CDF, followed by an ACR (event auto recall - failure_timeout) and an ACA to the CDF.](08dce7ad4c512fdf0c0cde60415fade6_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant AR AS + participant CDF + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + UE->>AR AS: INVITE + AR AS->>CDF: INVITE + CDF-->>AR AS: 486 busy + AR AS-->>UE: 486 busy + AR AS->>CDF: ACR (event auto recall - delay) + UE->>AR AS: SUBSCRIBE + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + AR AS->>CDF: SUBSCRIBE + CDF-->>AR AS: 200 OK + AR AS-->>UE: 200 OK + AR AS->>CDF: ACR (event SUBSCRIBE) + CDF-->>AR AS: ACA + CDF-->>AR AS: NOTIFY subscription terminated + Note right of AR AS: Save accounting data + AR AS-->>UE: NOTIFY subscription terminated + UE-->>AR AS: 200 OK + AR AS->>CDF: 200 OK + AR AS->>CDF: ACR (event auto recall - failure_timeout) + AR AS-->>CDF: ACA + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating Unsuccessful AR accounting due to time expiration. The diagram shows interactions between UE, AR AS, and CDF. The UE sends an INVITE to the AR AS, which saves accounting data and forwards it to the CDF. The CDF responds with 486 busy, which the AR AS relays to the UE. The AR AS then sends an ACR (event auto recall - delay) to the CDF. The UE sends a SUBSCRIBE to the AR AS, which saves accounting data and forwards it to the CDF. The CDF responds with 200 OK, which the AR AS relays to the UE. The AR AS then sends an ACR (event SUBSCRIBE) to the CDF. The CDF responds with ACA, then NOTIFY subscription terminated. The AR AS saves accounting data and sends NOTIFY subscription terminated to the UE. The UE responds with 200 OK to the AR AS. The AR AS then sends a 200 OK to the CDF, followed by an ACR (event auto recall - failure\_timeout) and an ACA to the CDF. + +**Figure 16 – Unsuccessful AR accounting due to time expiration** + +### 6.2.5 Auto callback (for anonymous calls only) + +The automatic callback (AC) feature, as described in [ITU-T J.460.1], allows a UE to automatically call back the last called address (the target address that is the URI of the called party) to which the last INVITE was sent from this UE, whether the INVITE request was responded by the called party or not. The AC feature invocation has the following two variations: + +- 1) **Non-anonymous AC:** The public identity of the most recently called party is known. In this case, an AC feature call can be placed at the target address, directly by either entering the public identity of the last called party, or pushing a button on the requesting UE. This case of AC feature invocation becomes a case of basic session establishment call, requiring no even-related accounting records to be created other than what is needed for the basic call accounting, as addressed in clause 6.1. +- 2) **Anonymous AC:** The public identity of the most recently called party is not known. This can happen when the most recently called party was the target UE of an anonymous auto recall (AR). In this case, the most recently called party for the AC will be an anonymous AC target party. The calling party UE locally stores the most recent call ID and the fact that the called party was anonymous. + +This clause contains accounting specifications for the case of "Anonymous AC." It should be clear that no accounting is required when the AC is subscribed by a subscriber's self-provisioning action via a web portal. + +#### 6.2.5.1 Anonymous AC accounting procedures + +Triggered by the S-CSCF, an AC application server (AC AS) stores in its network-based call logs the P-Asserted-Identity of the most recently call made by a UE if the called party's identity were to be kept anonymous. In other words, the most recent call was the subject of an anonymous automatic recall (AR). + +To invoke the anonymous AC feature, the UE sends an INVITE to the AC AS with a request URI containing the AC service activation code and the call ID of the most recent call attempt made by this UE. + +At this point, the "Anonymous AC" accounting procedure becomes the same as the procedure described for the "Anonymous Auto-Recall," clause 6.2.4. The Anonymous AC AS MUST follow the accounting procedures as defined in clause 6.2.4 with the exception that the Server-Role MUST be set to Auto Callback. + +### 6.2.6 Operator services + +Operator services allow a subscriber to verify the busy state of a line (BLV) and join an existing call on that line if that line is busy (barge-in). The subscriber connects to an operator to perform the verification by dialling 0+ the number to verify. The operator then calls the number, and if it is busy, bridges the call using a special media gateway connected to an MGC. The connection is receive-only and scrambled when verifying, and send-receive when barging in. + +Billing for this service is done by a dedicated billing system on the operator services platform external to the IPCablecom2 network. The IPCablecom2 network will generate normal session accounting events for inbound operator services calls. However, providing explicit accounting level details as to the type of operator service being performed is out of scope of this Recommendation. + +### 6.2.7 Customer originated trace (COT) + +The customer originated trace (COT) feature allows a user to initiate a call trace from the UE by dialling \*57, the COT activation code. Upon dialling \*57, a SIP early media session is established with the COT application server (AS) (i.e., the AS providing the COT feature) and its associated media server. A COT service message is played which usually describes the feature and cost, and then provides a request for a confirmation digit ("1") to initiate the trace of the last incoming call. While the COT feature could be included within a bundled feature package, it is usually charged on a single event basis since it is rarely invoked and is usually only provided as a regulatory requirement, not as a revenue-generating feature. + +#### 6.2.7.1 Accounting procedures + +The COT feature has the following two scenarios to consider: + +- 1) The alleged malicious caller is known to the UE associated with the offended party (that is, the P-Asserted-ID of the malicious caller is available in the INVITE message and can be provided to the COT AS). +- 2) The alleged malicious caller is anonymous to the UE associated with the offended party (that is, the COT AS collects and provides the P-Asserted-ID of the malicious caller on the offended party's behalf). + +In the first scenario, a COT AS is not required to collect the P-Asserted-ID of the malicious caller, and is only triggered when the \*57 COT vertical service code is dialled. + +In the second scenario, the malicious caller is unknown to the offended party's UE because he or she has elected the privacy feature, providing anonymity to untrusted SIP entities. The COT AS stores the P-Asserted-ID for all terminating calls where anonymity (privacy: id) has been requested. + +In both scenarios, after the activation code (\*57) is dialled, and the early media session is established to play the COT announcement, the COT feature is still not executed until the COT confirmation code is dialled. Dialling the confirmation digit initiates the accounting event. If the COT AS receives the confirmation digit and can provide call tracing data, the COT AS MUST generate an ACR event. The COT AS MUST set the Role-of-Node to originator, and the Server-Role to COT. Given that no additional SIP signalling results from the confirmation of the COT request, the COT AS MUST NOT include the time\_stamps AVP in the ACR event and simply uses the Origination Timestamp AVP as defined by the DIAMETER header. + +The COT AS MUST NOT generate an ACR event if the call tracing data could not be collected for any reason or if the confirmation is not provided. + +#### 6.2.7.2 Diameter message flows + +In both COT scenarios, the accounting is identical since only the mechanism for capturing the malicious caller identity differs. The usefulness to the COT user is identical in both scenarios; hence the accounting method and resulting charge should be identical. + +Figure 17 provides a simplified call flow that summarizes the COT accounting procedures. + +![Sequence diagram of COT accounting flow between UE, COT AS, and CDF.](0ee9d674085524d589646a6c3fb21ec3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant UE + participant COT AS + participant CDF + Note left of UE: J.460.3(08)_F17 + UE->>COT AS: INVITE + COT AS->>COT AS: Save accounting data + COT AS->>UE: 183 with SDP + COT AS->>COT AS: COT announcement and confirmation + COT AS->>COT AS: Collect and send call trace data to authorized agency + COT AS->>CDF: ACR (event - COT) + CDF->>COT AS: ACA + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the COT accounting flow. It starts with the UE sending an INVITE message to the COT AS. The COT AS then performs internal actions: 'Save accounting data', 'COT announcement and confirmation', and 'Collect and send call trace data to authorized agency'. The COT AS responds with a 183 with SDP message to the UE. Finally, the COT AS sends an ACR (event - COT) message to the CDF, which responds with an ACA message. A label 'J.460.3(08)\_F17' is present in the bottom left corner of the diagram area. + +Sequence diagram of COT accounting flow between UE, COT AS, and CDF. + +Figure 17 – COT accounting flow + +# 7 Definition of accounting information + +This clause is to document any additional AVPs necessary for RST accounting. + +## 7.1 Data Description for RST offline accounting + +The application server providing RST services generates accounting information that can be transferred from the CTF to the CDF with the Diameter accounting application. Detailed information about the usage of the Diameter accounting application is described in [ETSI TS 132 299]. + +### 7.1.1 Rf message contents + +#### 7.1.1.1 Summary of offline charging message formats + +The RST charging application for offline charging employs the Accounting-Request (ACR) and Accounting-Answer (ACA). The ACR can be of type start, stop, interim, or event, and includes all charging information. The ACA is just an acknowledgement of the ACR. + +Table 3 describes the use of these messages for offline charging. + +**Table 3 – Offline charging messages reference table** + +| Command-Name | Source | Destination | Abbreviation | +|--------------------|------------------------|------------------------|--------------| +| Accounting-Request | RST application server | CDF | ACR | +| Accounting-Answer | CDF | RST application server | ACA | + +#### 7.1.1.2 Structure for the accounting message formats + +RST offline charging uses the diameter accounting application with the two messages ACR and ACA. The request can be of type start, stop, interim, or event. The accounting request message includes all charging information and the answer is just an acknowledgement of the request message. Detailed information about the diameter offline charging application is described in [ETSI TS 132 299]. + +This clause describes the different fields used in the accounting messages. + +##### 7.1.1.2.1 Accounting-Request message + +The basic structure of a Diameter ACR message and the detailed descriptions of the fields are provided in [ETSI TS 132 299]. + +Clause 7.2 provides the extensions to the basic ACR message and the associated detailed descriptions of those fields necessary for RST accounting. + +##### 7.1.1.2.2 Accounting-Response message + +The basic structure of a Diameter ACA message and the detailed descriptions of the fields are provided in [ETSI TS 132 299]. + +RST accounting does not define any extensions to the ACA message. + +## 7.2 RST Specific Parameters + +### 7.2.1 Definition of the RST Information + +The RST Information parameter used for RST accounting is provided in the service information parameter. + +#### 7.2.1.1 RST information assignment for Service-Information + +The components in the service information that are used for RST can be found in Table 4. + +**Table 4 – Service information used for RST** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|---------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Service information | O M | This is a structured field and holds the 3GPP specific parameter as defined in [ETSI TS 132 299]. For IMS Charging, the IMS Information is used. | +| IMS information | O M | This is a structured field and holds the IMS specific parameters. The details are defined in [ETSI TS 132 260]. | +| PS information | O C | This is a structured field and holds PS specific parameters. The complete structure is defined in [3GPP TS 32.251]. | +| GGSN address | O C | This field holds the IP-address of the GGSN that generated the GPRS Charging ID, as described in [ETSI TS 132 240]. | +| RST information | O M | This is a structured field and holds the RST specific parameters. The details are defined in clause 7.2.1.2. | + +#### 7.2.1.2 Definition of the RST information + +RST-specific charging information is provided within the RST information AVP group. The detailed structure of the IMS information can be found in Table 5. + +**Table 5 – Structure of the RST-information** + +| Field | Category | Description | +|-------------------|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Server-Role | O M | Identifies the feature being performed by the RST application server. | +| Session-Type | O M | Type of action being performed. | +| RST-Subscriber-ID | O M | IMPU of RST subscriber. | +| Call-transfer | O M | Call Identifiers for each leg of a transferred call. | + +### 7.2.2 RST Specific AVPs + +For the purpose of RST accounting, additional AVPs are used in ACR/ACA. The information is summarized in Table 6, along with the AVP flag rules. + +The 3GPP-defined service information uses the value 10415 (3GPP) as the *Vendor-Id*, while the RST information uses the value of 4491 (CableLabs) as the *Vendor-Id*. + +Detailed descriptions of AVPs that are used specifically for RST accounting are provided in the clauses below and MUST be formatted as defined. + +**Table 6 – RST specific AVPs** + +| AVP name | AVP code | Used in | | | | Value type | AVP flag rules | | | | | +|--------------------------|----------|---------|-----|-----|-----|------------|----------------|-----|------------|----------|-----------| +| | | ACR | ACA | CCR | CCA | | Must | May | Should not | Must not | May Encr. | +| Call-Transfer | 201 | X | – | – | – | Grouped | V, M | P | – | – | N | +| Refer-To | 223 | X | – | – | – | UTF8String | V, M | P | – | – | N | +| RST-Information | 224 | X | – | – | – | Grouped | V, M | P | – | – | N | +| RST-Subscriber-ID | 225 | X | – | – | – | UTF8String | V, M | P | – | – | N | +| Server-Role | 226 | X | – | – | – | Enumerated | V, M | P | – | – | N | +| Session-Type | 227 | X | – | – | – | Enumerated | V, M | P | – | – | N | +| Target | 230 | X | – | – | – | UTF8String | V, M | P | – | – | N | +| Transfer-Session-Call-ID | 232 | X | – | – | – | UTF8String | V, M | P | – | – | N | + +#### 7.2.2.1 Call-Transfer + +The *Call-Transfer* AVP (AVP code 201) is of type Grouped. Its purpose is to allow the transmission of additional Call IDs associated with a call transfer. + +It has the following ABNF grammar: + +``` +Call-Transfer ::= < AVP Header: 201 > + [ Target ] + [ Refer-To ] + [ Transfer-Session-Call-ID ] +``` + +#### 7.2.2.2 Refer-To + +The *Refer-To* AVP (AVP code 223) is of type UTF8String and contains the SIP Call-ID for the transfer-to party, if a consultative session had been established (the B – C call). + +#### 7.2.2.3 RST-Information AVP + +The *RST-Information* AVP (AVP code 224) is of type Grouped. Its purpose is to allow the transmission of additional RST service specific information elements. + +It has the following ABNF grammar: + +``` +RST-Information ::= < AVP Header: 224> + [ Server-Role ] + * [ Session-Type ] + * [ RST-Subscriber-ID ] +``` + +#### 7.2.2.4 RST-Subscriber-ID + +The *RST-Subscriber-ID* AVP (AVP code 225) is of type UTF8String and contains the IMPU of the RST subscriber for which the feature was invoked. + +#### 7.2.2.5 Server-Role + +The *Server-Role* AVP (AVP code 226) is of type Enumerated and contains the format of the application name. + +It can be one of the following values: + +| | | +|----------------------------------|---| +| Call forward variable (CFV) | 0 | +| Call forward don't answer (CFDA) | 1 | +| Call forward busy line (CFBL) | 2 | +| Selective call forwarding (SCF) | 3 | +| Outbound call blocking (OCB) | 4 | +| Selective call blocking (SCB) | 5 | +| Customer originated trace (COT) | 6 | +| Call transfer (CT) | 7 | +| Automatic recall (AR) | 8 | +| Automatic callback (AC) | 9 | + +#### 7.2.2.6 Session-Type + +The *Session-Type* AVP (AVP code 227) is of type Enumerated and contains the format of the application type. + +It can be one of the following values: + +| | | +|-----------------------|---| +| Activation | 1 | +| De-activation | 2 | +| Session establishment | 3 | +| Subscribe | 4 | +| Notify | 5 | +| Call block | 6 | +| Call block override | 7 | +| Call block disabled | 8 | + +| | | +|--------------------|----| +| Reference | 9 | +| Success | 10 | +| Delay_Success | 11 | +| Failure_Timeout | 12 | +| Failure_SUBS_Limit | 13 | +| Failure_Dialog | 14 | +| Failure_Identity | 15 | + +#### 7.2.2.7 Target + +The *Target* AVP (AVP code 230) is of type UTF8String and contains the SIP Call-ID for the original call (the A – B call) + +#### 7.2.2.8 Transfer-Session-Call-ID + +The *Transfer-Session-Call-ID* AVP (AVP code 232) is of type UTF8String and contains the SIP Call-ID for the transfer session (the A – C call). + +# **Annex A** + +## **Region A** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex provides additional requirements for Region A (primarily Europe). The details are for further study. + +# **Annex B** + +## **Region B** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex provides additional requirements for Region B (primarily North America). The details are for further study. + +# **Annex C** + +## **Region C** + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex provides additional requirements for Region C (primarily Japan). The details are for further study. + + + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2585edab110a1df8ff9f636903e1b13280ccbfda --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/14a22f23ced8ba1d63ece69861dbaacc_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:5c17359bdc002ff65ca8303c0bbee4fc5e9e3b5a78247d0bd146ea55b66047d8 +size 6147 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e9bc984fe1d752d2b5415b3669c7602bc347e286 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:7905b4e348b46600fd1b0035b52e3a00f826718f2492ef34342be10b3d3fe626 +size 78519 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dcd133f497590f9393994eff6b0ce0c12d3e6a01 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:ff466632c97bc1ff4e5f07577ba39e7cb37a477549f9df1f5c27ff44430b7e99 +size 49471 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..266a8bc1fdbdc47eb2c2b228808e477cf61f8501 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.482-202103-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,341 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.482** + +(03/2021) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals - Part 4 + +--- + +**Requirements of a radio frequency (RF)/Internet +protocol (IP) video switching system** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.482 + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.482 + +## Requirements of a radio frequency (RF)/Internet protocol (I/IP) video switching system + +## Summary + +Recommendation ITU-T J.482 defines the requirements of a radio frequency (RF)/Internet protocol (I/IP) video switching system. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | Unique ID* | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.482 | 2021-03-01 | 9 | 11.1002/1000/14602 | + +## Keywords + +Audience rating, headend (HE), internet protocol (IP), network bandwidth, radio frequency (RF), set-top box (STB), switching. + +--- + +\* To access the Recommendation, type the URL in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendation's unique ID. For example, . + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents/software copyrights, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the appropriate ITU-T databases available via the ITU-T website at . + +© ITU 2021 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## Table of Contents + +| | Page | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions ..... | 2 | +| 6 Overview..... | 3 | +| 6.1 The concept of RF/IP switching system..... | 3 | +| 6.2 The fundamental system architecture of RF/IP switching scheme ..... | 4 | +| 7 Requirements ..... | 4 | +| 7.1 System requirements ..... | 4 | +| 7.2 STB requirements ..... | 5 | + +## Introduction + +This Recommendation represents Part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering the requirements for a radio frequency (RF)/Internet protocol (IP) switching system, as identified below: + +- **Part 1: Requirements;** +- Part 2: Architecture and functional specifications. + +Cable television operators provide subscribers with a variety of video services composed of RF-signal-based video (RF-video) and IP-signal-based video (IP-video), e.g., linear and non-linear video on demand (VOD) over cable networks where the bandwidth is finite. Presently, in 2021, cable operators are facing the problem of how to meet the 4K RF/IP video demands of subscribers when faced with the difficulties of extending the network bandwidth due to network costs. + +In general, with an RF-video distribution scheme, the received video quality is stable since the video is distributed and received at a fixed coding bitrate over a quality-guaranteed network where a fixed transmission bandwidth is reserved for each video. Utilization efficiency of cable networks is, however, low since the transmission bandwidths are occupied by the videos regardless of audience ratings. + +In contrast with the IP-video distribution scheme, the received video quality is unstable since the video is distributed and received at a variable or adaptive coding bitrate over a best-effort network where a transmission bandwidth is not reserved for each video. Utilization efficiency of cable networks is, however, high since the transmission bandwidths are used for not only video but also Internet data according to subscribers' requests. + +For the response to the current situation, a highly efficient cable transmission scheme that takes the advantages of both RF-video and IP-video distributions has been studied in order to maintain the received video quality and to improve the utilization efficiency of cable networks. The point is to share the RF and IP network bandwidth and to switch the distribution scheme adaptively between RF and IP according to the video content audience ratings, available network bandwidths, and attribute (e.g., emergency degree) of video content on the cable headend (HE) side. On the receiver side, either RF-video or IP-video signals are received in turn, but seamlessly form an uninterrupted video stream. + +# Recommendation ITU-T J.482 + +## Requirements of a radio frequency (RF)/Internet protocol (I/IP) video switching system + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines the Requirements of RF/IP switching system over cable network. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T J.122] Recommendation ITU-T J.122 (2007), *Second-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems.* +- [ITU-T J.222.0] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.0 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Overview.* +- [ITU-T J.222.1] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.1 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Physical layer specification.* +- [ITU-T J.222.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and Upper Layer protocols.* +- [ITU-T J.222.3] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.3 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: Security services.* +- [ITU-T J.224] Recommendation ITU-T J.224 (2020), *Fifth-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems.* +- [ITU-T J.225] Recommendation ITU-T J.225 (2020), *Fourth-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems.* +- [ITU-T J.297] Recommendation ITU-T J.297 (2016), *Requirements and functional specification of cable set top box for 4K ultra high definition television.* +- [IEC 62481] IEC 62481 (All parts), *Digital living network alliance (DLNA) home networked device interoperability guidelines.* + +# 3 Definitions + +### 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +### 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 4K video:** A video that supports 3 840 × 2 160 resolution and ~60p frame frequency. + +- 3.2.2 audience rating:** An index that shows what percentage of video content provided by the cable operator is being watched by subscribers. +- 3.2.3 HD video:** A video that supports $1\,280 \times 720 / 1\,920 \times 1\,080$ resolutions and $\sim 60\text{p}$ frame frequency. +- 3.2.4 SD video:** A video that supports $720 \times 480$ resolution and $\sim 60\text{p}$ frame frequency. + +## 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|--------------------------------------------------| +| API | Application Program Interface | +| CAS | Conditional Access System | +| CM | Cable Modem | +| DLNA | Digital Living Network Alliance | +| DOCSIS | Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| HD | High Definition | +| HDCP | High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection system | +| HDMI | High-Definition Multimedia Interface | +| HE | Headend | +| IPTV | Internet Protocol Television | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| ONU | Optical Network Unit | +| PON | Passive Optical Network | +| PSI | Programme Specific Information | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| RCU | Remote Control Unit | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| SD | Standard Definition Television | +| SI | Service Information | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| UHDTV | Ultra-High Definition Television | +| UI | User Interface | +| VOD | Video On Demand | + +## 5 Conventions + +In this Recommendation: + +The keywords "**is required to**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**is recommended**" indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus, this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. + +The keywords "**is prohibited from**" indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this document is to be claimed. + +The keywords "**can optionally**" indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendor's implementation must provide the option and the feature can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. + +In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words *shall*, *shall not*, *should*, and *may* sometimes appear, in which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as *is required to*, *is prohibited from*, *is recommended*, and *can optionally*. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as *informative* are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. + +# 6 Overview + +## 6.1 The concept of RF/IP switching system + +The purpose of RF/IP switching is to create an environment where almost all the subscribers can watch 4K videos. To realize this, there are two points as follows: The first point is the sharing of RF and IP network resources. The second point is to control and switch the video qualities and distribution scheme for each video content adaptively, according to the following three parameters: attribute of video content (e.g., emergency degree), available network bandwidth, and audience rating of content. Figure 1 shows the priority rule by which video resolution and bitrate is controlled according to audience ratings and emergency degrees. By preferentially distributing video channels with a high audience rating in 4K resolution and high bitrate, it is possible to realize an environment in which almost all subscribers can watch 4K channels. The reason why an RF distribution scheme is higher priority than an IP distribution scheme is that the RF distribution scheme is more stable than that of the IP described as an introduction. + +| Audience rating
emergency degree | High | | | | Low | | +|-------------------------------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------| +| Scheme-quality | RF-4K | IP-4K | RF-HD | IP-HD | RF-SD | IP-SD | +| Bitrate (bps) | 20 M | 15 M | 10 M | 7 M | 5 M | 3 M | + +J.482(21)\_F01 + +**Figure 1 – Priority rule of controlling video qualities and distribution schemes** + +Figure 2 shows the proposed RF/IP switching system. The basic principle is as follows: + +1. The optimizer collects the audience ratings, available network bandwidth, and attribute of video content from STBs, network probes in the access network, and content providers, respectively in real-time. +2. The optimizer calculates the optimal allocation of the distribution scheme and video quality for each video content by maximizing the switching indicator score which is derived from video content bitrate (resolution), audience rating, network bandwidth, and video content attribute. +3. The optimizer sends a switching order and the allocation to the switcher for each video content. +4. The switcher changes the video distribution scheme including video quality for each video content according to the switching order and the allocation from the optimizer. + +Note that by using this scheme, video signal can avoid quality degradation due to IP network congestion even though the IP network itself is unmanaged. + +![Figure 2 – RF/IP switching system diagram showing the flow from Video content and Attribute through an Operator (Optimizer, Switcher, QAM, CMTS) to an Access network (RF, IP, Bandwidth) and then to Subscribers (STB, TV, Rating).](f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the RF/IP switching system architecture. On the left, 'Video content' and 'Attribute' are input to the 'Operator' block. Inside the 'Operator' block, the 'Attribute' is processed by an 'Optimizer', which then feeds into a 'Switcher'. The 'Switcher' can direct the signal to either a 'QAM' modulator or a 'CMTS' (Cable Modem Termination System). The output of the 'Operator' is sent to an 'Access network' which contains 'RF' and 'IP' channels, with a 'Bandwidth' management component. The signal is then received by 'Subscribers' (represented by a house icon) containing an 'STB' (Set-Top Box) and a 'TV'. The 'STB' sends a 'Rating' back to the 'Operator' via a dashed feedback line. The diagram is labeled J.482(21)\_F02. + +Figure 2 – RF/IP switching system diagram showing the flow from Video content and Attribute through an Operator (Optimizer, Switcher, QAM, CMTS) to an Access network (RF, IP, Bandwidth) and then to Subscribers (STB, TV, Rating). + +Figure 2 – RF/IP switching system + +### 6.2 The fundamental system architecture of RF/IP switching scheme + +A fundamental system architecture including the key components is shown in Figure 3. The requirements of these key components are described in the following section. + +![Figure 3 – A fundamental RF/IP switching system architecture diagram showing the flow from Terrestrial satellite and Original production through a Headend (Transcoder, Optimizer, Switcher, QAM, IP sender) to a Set-Top Box (Data sender, Switcher, Tuner, IP receiver, Decoder) and finally to a TV. It also shows RF and IP bands with program distribution and a Network probe.](b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg) + +This diagram shows the fundamental system architecture. On the left, 'Terrestrial satellite' and 'Original production' are input to the 'Headend'. Inside the 'Headend', the signals pass through a 'Transcoder' (supporting 4K, HD, and SD), then an 'Optimizer', a 'Switcher', and finally to a 'QAM' modulator and an 'IP sender (CMTS)'. The 'QAM' output goes to the 'RF-Band' (carrying Prog. A, Prog. B, Prog. D, Prog. E, etc.), and the 'IP sender' output goes to the 'IP-Band' (carrying Prog. B, Prog. B, Prog. D, Prog. E, etc.). A 'Network probe' is connected to the 'Optimizer' and the 'Data sender' in the 'Set-Top Box'. The 'RF-Band' and 'IP-Band' signals are received by the 'Set-Top Box', which contains a 'Data sender', 'Switcher', 'Tuner', 'IP receiver (CM)', and 'Decoder'. The 'Decoder' outputs to a 'TV'. A dashed line labeled 'RF/IP adaptive distribution' shows the switching between the RF and IP bands. The diagram is labeled J.482(21)\_F03. + +Figure 3 – A fundamental RF/IP switching system architecture diagram showing the flow from Terrestrial satellite and Original production through a Headend (Transcoder, Optimizer, Switcher, QAM, IP sender) to a Set-Top Box (Data sender, Switcher, Tuner, IP receiver, Decoder) and finally to a TV. It also shows RF and IP bands with program distribution and a Network probe. + +Figure 3 – A fundamental RF/IP switching system architecture + +# 7 Requirements + +An RF/IP switching system works with the interaction of a headend (HE) and STB. This clause describes the requirements of an RF/IP switching system from two aspects: 1. system requirements; 2. STB requirements. + +## 7.1 System requirements + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-01:** The system is required to distribute 4K/HD/SD video content via RF signals (QAM modulation). + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-02:** The system is required to distribute 4K/HD/SD video content via IP signals (DOCSIS (2.0 [ITU-T J.122], 3.0 [ITU-T J.222.0 to J.222.3], 3.1 [ITU-T J.225] or 4.0 [ITU-T J.224]) or PON scheme). + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-03:** The system is required to collect information regarding audience ratings, network bandwidth and video content attribute from STBs, network probes in the access network and the content provider, respectively in real time. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-04:** The system is required to equip an algorithm for switching the video distribution scheme and video quality of each video content. The algorithm is required to optimize allocation of the distribution scheme and video quality for each video content by maximizing the switching indicator score, which is derived from the video content bitrate (resolution), audience rating, network bandwidth and video content attribute from STBs, network probes in the access network and content providers, respectively in real time. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-05:** The system is required to record the history of switching indicator scores and retain the most recent allocation of the distribution scheme including video quality for each video content. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-06:** The system is required to compare the actual switching indicator score and ideal switching indicator score. + +NOTE – The former is derived from the latest and optimized allocation and the current audience rating while the latter is derived from the retained allocation and the current audience rating. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-07:** The system is required to switch the distribution scheme and video quality according to the derived switching indicator and allocation. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-08:** The system is required to equip a function of real-time transcoding of the video content according to the derived switching indicator and allocation. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-09:** The system is required to switch the video quality between 4K/HD/SD and to switch the video distribution scheme between RF and IP signals. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-10:** The system is required to produce and include the switching trigger into the SI to be sent to the HE. + +**RFIPSW-SystemReq-11:** The system is required to equip a function of probing the network bandwidth. + +### 7.2 STB requirements + +RFIPSW-STBReq-01 to RFIPSW-STBReq-15 are based on the requirements of a cable set-top box for 4K ultra-high definition television (UHDTV) [ITU-T J.297]. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-01:** The STB is required to receive 4K/HD/SD video content broadcast by the cable HE. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-02:** The STB is required to equip a function of tuner that selects broadcasting channels. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-03:** The STB is required to equip a function of receiving RF signals (QAM demodulation). + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-04:** The STB is required to equip a conditional access system (CAS) decoding (de-scrambling) function used for content protection. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-05:** The STB is required to equip a de-multiplexing function for video, audio and service information (SI/PSI). + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-06:** The STB is required to equip a function of receiving IP signals (DOCSIS (DOCSIS (2.0 [ITU-T J.122], 3.0 [ITU-T J.222.0 to J.222.3], 3.1 [ITU-T J.225] or 4.0 [ITU-T J.224]) or PON scheme). + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-07:** The STB is required to equip a DRM decoding (de-scramble) function used for content protection. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-08:** The STB is recommended to equip a function of buffering the IP packet enough to compensate delay and jitter over IP transmission. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-09:** The STB is recommended to support a function for forward error correction (FEC) over IP transmission. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-10:** The STB is required to equip a function of decoding 4K/HD/SD video. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-11:** The STB is required to equip decoding advanced audio of 5.1 channels. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-12:** The STB is required to equip an output interface (such as HDMI 2.0) which supports 4K video. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-13:** The STB is required to support a user interface (UI) for TV channel selection operated with a remote control unit (RCU). + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-14:** The STB is recommended to equip a function of software download. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-15:** The STB is recommended to support a remote management function. + +The following are the requirements specific for RF/IP switching system. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-16:** The STB is required to switch the video content receiving and decoding scheme between the RF-signal pass or IP-signal pass according to the trigger included in the SI from the HE. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-17:** The STB is required to send the status of receiving and decoding processes from the RF tuner, CM or ONU, and the decoder to the switcher. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-18:** The STB is required to equip a function of sending periodically viewing data to the HE or the external audience rating calculating server. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-19:** The STB is required avoid switching interruption when using DLNA [IEC 62481] or recoding processes. + +**RFIPSW-STBReq-20:** The STB is recommended to equip a function of super resolution and frame rate conversion for decoded images to maintain continuous video before and after switching. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | Tariff and accounting principles and international telecommunication/ICT economic and policy issues | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Environment and ICTs, climate change, e-waste, energy efficiency; construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling, and associated measurements and tests | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects, next-generation networks, Internet of Things and smart cities | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.63-199006-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.63-199006-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..999ef8acc9f327a13729e2fd41c5b609ea1957ca --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.63-199006-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,526 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +**J.63** + +**(ex CMTT.473)** + +**(06/90)** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**TELEVISION AND SOUND TRANSMISSION** + +--- + +**INSERTION OF TEST SIGNALS +IN THE FIELD-BLANKING INTERVAL +OF MONOCHROME AND COLOUR +TELEVISION SIGNALS** + +**ITU-T Recommendation J.63** + +(Formerly Recommendation ITU-R CMTT.473) + +--- + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, established the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +ITU-T Recommendation J.63 (formerly Recommendation ITU-R CMTT.473) was elaborated by the former ITU-R Study Group CMTT. See Note 1 below. + +# --- NOTES + +1 As a consequence of a reform process within the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the CCITT ceased to exist as of 28 February 1993. In its place, the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) was created as of 1 March 1993. Similarly, in this reform process, the CCIR and the IFRB have been replaced by the Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R). + +Conforming to a joint decision by the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (Helsinki, March 1993) and the Radiocommunication Assembly (Geneva, November 1993), the ITU-R Study Group CMTT was transferred to ITU-T as Study Group 9, except for the satellite news gathering (SNG) study area which was transferred to ITU-R Study Group 4. + +2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +# **INSERTION OF TEST SIGNALS IN THE FIELD-BLANKING INTERVAL OF MONOCHROME AND COLOUR TELEVISION SIGNALS** + +*(1970; revised in 1974, 1978, 1982, 1986 and 1990)* + +The CCIR, + +# **CONSIDERING** + +- (a) that it is already current practice in a number of countries to use insertion test signals in the field-blanking interval of monochrome and colour television signals; +- (b) that such signals can be used for the measurement of performance and the monitoring, control and correction of characteristics of international transmission circuits; +- (c) that Report 314 proposes that certain specific lines in each field be allocated for the insertion of special test signals for international transmissions; +- (d) that traffic demands may make it necessary to perform all operational measurements by means of insertion test signals, to an accuracy approaching that of conventional out-of-service measuring methods, + +# **UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS** + +1. that for the international transmission of television signals, insertion test signals in accordance with Annex I (625-line systems) and Annex II (525-line systems) may be inserted at the origin of the circuit; + +*Note.* – As an interim measure some administrations may decide to omit some of the waveforms described. Where waveforms are omitted: + +- waveforms other than those described should not be inserted; + - care must be taken to ensure that the line-time luminance components of equivalent lines in each field (e.g. 17 and 330 for 625-line systems) are similar. +2. that these signals should neither be removed nor replaced on the international circuit, except possibly at a point of conversion of either standard or colour system. + +# **ANNEX I** + +## **625-LINE SYSTEMS** + +### **1. Introduction** + +For the international transmission of 625-line television signals, Recommendation 472 and Report 314 propose the use of lines 17 (330) and 18 (331) for insertion test signals. + +This Annex describes a comprehensive arrangement of insertion test signals (see Note) to which the following general considerations apply: + +- it is assumed that the line duration $H$ is divided into 32 equal time periods. This division defines the characteristic instants; +- the time periods shall not differ from each other by more than $\pm 40$ ns; +- the characteristic instants are referred to the mid-amplitude point of the leading edge of the synchronizing pulse. The half-amplitude points of the luminance and chrominance transitions and the peaks of the pulses occur at the characteristic instants; + +--- + +1) Formerly Recommendation ITU-R CMTT.473. + +2) ITU-T Recommendation N.67 has been amended to bring it into agreement with this Recommendation. + +- the actual characteristic instants of any luminance waveform shall not differ by more than 250 ns from their nominal positions; +- except in the case of the 20T composite pulse, the actual characteristic instants of any chrominance waveform shall not differ by more than 500 ns from their nominal positions; +- the colour burst is present in the line-blanking period only in colour transmission; +- in the case of PAL transmissions, the chrominance sub-carrier of the insertion signals is locked at $60 \pm 5^\circ$ from the positive (*B-Y*) axis; +- harmonic distortion components of the sub-carrier shall be at least 40 dB below the level of the fundamental; +- the frequency of the sub-carrier is $4.433\,618\,75\text{ MHz} \pm 10\text{ Hz}$ . + +*Note.* – These are intended for use with colour television signals. The basic insertion test signal for monochrome transmissions is identical, with the following exceptions: + +Line 17: element *F* is omitted; + +Line 18: the luminance pedestal and elements *C*1 and *C*2 are omitted; + +Line 330: element *D*2 is replaced by *D*1; + +Line 331: the luminance pedestal and elements *G* and *E* are omitted. + +The following additions to the basic monochrome insertion test signal may be found useful: + +- (a) the luminance pedestal on lines 18 and 331 and elements *C*1 and *C*2 on line 18 + +and/or + +- (b) the element *F* on line 17. + +Alternatively, the whole of the signals may be utilized. The above modifications to the basic monochrome insertion test signal should, however, only be made with the agreement of the administrations concerned. + +### 2. Particulars of signals inserted in line 17 (Fig. 1) + +#### 2.1 Luminance bar (reference white level) (*B*2) + +- position of transitions: $6H/32$ and $11H/32$ , duration of bar $5H/32$ ; +- bar amplitude: $0.700 \pm 0.007\text{ V}$ ; +- rise and fall times of transitions: derived from the shaping network of the sine-squared pulse (element *B*1); +- overshoot and undershoot $\leq 0.5\%$ ; +- tilt $\leq 0.5\%$ . + +#### 2.2 2T sine-squared pulse (*B*1) + +- peak position: $13H/32$ ; +- amplitude: within $\pm 1\%$ of the amplitude of the luminance bar (*B*2) (nominal value: 0.700 V); +- half-amplitude duration: $200 \pm 10\text{ ns}$ (see Note). + +*Note.* – In some countries, members of the OIRT, the half-amplitude duration of the 2T sine-squared pulse may be 160 ns. + +#### 2.3 Composite 20T pulse (*F*) + +- position of peak: $16H/32$ ; +- position of base: $15H/32 - 17H/32$ ; +- amplitude: within $\pm 1\%$ of the amplitude of the luminance bar (*B*2) (nominal value: 0.700 V); +- half-amplitude duration: $2 \pm 0.06\text{ }\mu\text{s}$ ; +- perturbations of the pulse base-line, due to inherent chrominance-luminance amplitude and delay inequalities and different shape of the luminance and chrominance components: $\leq 0.5\%$ peak amplitude. + +#### 2.4 Five-riser luminance staircase (*D*1) (see Note) + +- position of successive transitions: $20H/32, 22H/32, 24H/32, 26H/32, 28H/32$ and $31H/32$ (fall); +- peak-to-peak amplitude of the staircase: within $\pm 1\%$ of the amplitude of the luminance bar (*B*2) (nominal value: 0.700 V); + +- nominal amplitude of risers: 1/5 of amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.140 V). The difference in amplitude between the largest and smallest risers must be less than 0.5% of the largest amplitude; +- rise and fall times of transitions: shaped by a Thomson filter (or similar network) with a transfer function modulus having its first zero at 4.43 MHz to restrict the amplitude of components of the luminance signal in the vicinity of the colour sub-carrier. + +*Note.* – Some administrations may wish to superimpose a chrominance sub-carrier signal on this staircase. In this case, the position and duration of the sub-carrier are determined by instants $18H/32$ and $31H/32$ . The other characteristics of this signal are identical to those described in § 4.3.2. + +![Figure 1: Line 17. A graph showing the luminance signal for line 17 of a video signal. The vertical axis represents voltage (V) from 0 to 1.00, with intermediate values at 0.30, 0.44, 0.58, 0.72, 0.86, and 0.96. The horizontal axis represents time in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The signal starts at 0V, drops to a negative level, then rises to a plateau at 1.00V (labeled B2) between 6 and 11 units. It then drops to a baseline, shows a sharp peak (labeled B1) at 13 units, a shaded triangular pulse (labeled F) between 13 and 16 units, and a staircase riser section (labeled D1) starting at 20 units and rising to 1.00V by 28 units. The signal returns to 0V at 32 units. A secondary vertical axis on the right shows percentages from -43 to 100.](7a3561af571faf036baa93f5f4b1bdb9_img.jpg) + +Figure 1: Line 17. A graph showing the luminance signal for line 17 of a video signal. The vertical axis represents voltage (V) from 0 to 1.00, with intermediate values at 0.30, 0.44, 0.58, 0.72, 0.86, and 0.96. The horizontal axis represents time in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The signal starts at 0V, drops to a negative level, then rises to a plateau at 1.00V (labeled B2) between 6 and 11 units. It then drops to a baseline, shows a sharp peak (labeled B1) at 13 units, a shaded triangular pulse (labeled F) between 13 and 16 units, and a staircase riser section (labeled D1) starting at 20 units and rising to 1.00V by 28 units. The signal returns to 0V at 32 units. A secondary vertical axis on the right shows percentages from -43 to 100. + +FIGURE 1 – Line 17 + +d01-sc + +### 3. Particulars of signals inserted in line 18 (Fig. 2) + +#### 3.1 Luminance pedestal + +- position of transitions: $6H/32$ , $31H/32$ ; +- amplitude measured from blanking level: within $\pm 1\%$ of one-half of the amplitude of luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.350 V); + +#### 3.2 Reference bar signal ( $C_1$ ) + +- position of transitions: $6H/32$ , $8H/32$ , $10H/32$ ; +- amplitudes measured from blanking level: + - 1st section: within $\pm 1\%$ of four-fifths of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.560 V); + - 2nd section: within $\pm 1\%$ of one-fifth of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.140 V); +- rise and fall times of transitions: derived from the shaping network of the sine-squared pulse (element $B_1$ ). + +#### 3.3 Sine-wave signals superimposed on the pedestal ( $C_2$ ) + +- starting positions and frequencies of the bursts (see Table I); + +TABLE I + +| Burst No. | Precise starting position (1) (2) | Frequency MHz (3) | +|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------| +| 1 | $12H/32$ | 0.5 | +| 2 | $15H/32$ | 1.0 (4) | +| 3 | $18H/32$ | 2.0 (4) | +| 4 | $21H/32$ | 4.0 | +| 5 | $24H/32$ | 4.8 | +| 6 | $27H/32$ | 5.8 | + +(1) The starting point of each burst shall be at zero phase of the sine-wave, and each burst shall consist of the maximum number of complete cycles. The gaps between successive bursts shall not be shorter than $0.4 \mu\text{s}$ nor longer than $2.0 \mu\text{s}$ in duration. + +(2) Some administrations may prefer to use burst durations different from those shown above and in Fig. 2. + +(3) Spectral components of the bursts may cause interference to sub-carriers or noise detection circuits and the out of band energy should be limited by suitable design techniques. Other frequencies near to the above mentioned may be used, subject to an agreement between the administrations concerned. + +(4) In some countries, members of the OIRT, the frequencies of bursts Nos. 2 and 3 may be 1.5 MHz and 2.8 MHz respectively. + +- the peak-to-peak amplitude of bursts shall be within $\pm 1\%$ of the peak-to-peak amplitude of the reference bar signal ( $C_1$ ) (nominal value: 0.420 V); +- the d.c. component of each burst shall not exceed 0.5% of the amplitude of the reference bar signal ( $C_1$ ); +- the harmonic distortion components of each burst are to be at least 40 dB (see Note) below the fundamental. + +*Note.* – This value is subject to further study. + +![Figure 2: Line 18 waveform showing color burst positions and frequencies. The horizontal axis represents time in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The left vertical axis shows voltage (V) from 0 to 0.86. The right vertical axis shows percentage (%) from -43 to 80. A signal waveform is shown, with a shaded area for the color burst. Two intervals, C1 and C2, are marked. C1 is the duration of the reference bar signal. C2 is the duration of the color burst train. The color burst train consists of six bursts with frequencies: 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 4.0 MHz, 4.8 MHz, and 5.8 MHz. The bursts start at positions 12H/32, 15H/32, 18H/32, 21H/32, 24H/32, and 27H/32 respectively.](29ac39bfd74e57a92045649f83cad949_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: Line 18 waveform showing color burst positions and frequencies. The horizontal axis represents time in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The left vertical axis shows voltage (V) from 0 to 0.86. The right vertical axis shows percentage (%) from -43 to 80. A signal waveform is shown, with a shaded area for the color burst. Two intervals, C1 and C2, are marked. C1 is the duration of the reference bar signal. C2 is the duration of the color burst train. The color burst train consists of six bursts with frequencies: 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 4.0 MHz, 4.8 MHz, and 5.8 MHz. The bursts start at positions 12H/32, 15H/32, 18H/32, 21H/32, 24H/32, and 27H/32 respectively. + +FIGURE 2 – Line 18 + +d02-sc + +### 4. Particulars of signals inserted in line 330 (Fig. 3) + +#### 4.1 *Luminance bar* (reference white level) ( $B_2$ ) + +- position of transitions: $6H/32$ and $11H/32$ , duration of bar $5H/32$ ; +- bar amplitude: $0.700 \pm 0.007$ V; +- rise and fall times of transitions: derived from the shaping network of the sine-squared pulse (element $B_1$ ); +- overshoot and undershoot $\leq 0.5\%$ ; +- tilt $\leq 0.5\%$ . + +#### 4.2 *2T sine-squared pulse* ( $B_1$ ) + +- peak position: $13H/32$ ; +- amplitude: within $\pm 1\%$ of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.700 V); +- half-amplitude duration: $200 \pm 10$ ns. (In some countries, members of the OIRT, the half-amplitude duration of the 2T sine-squared pulse may be 160 ns.) + +#### 4.3 *Five-riser luminance staircase* ( $D_1$ ) and *superimposed five-riser staircase* ( $D_2$ ) + +##### 4.3.1 The five-riser luminance staircase has the following characteristics: + +- position of successive transitions: $20H/32$ , $22H/32$ , $24H/32$ , $26H/32$ , $28H/32$ and $31H/32$ (fall); +- peak-to-peak amplitude of the staircase: within $\pm 1\%$ of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.700 V); +- nominal amplitude of risers: 1/5 of amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.140 V). The difference in amplitude between the largest and smallest risers must be less than 0.5% of the largest amplitude; +- rise and fall times of transitions: shaped by a Thomson filter (or similar network) with a transfer function modulus having its first zero at 4.43 MHz to restrict the amplitude of components of the luminance signal in the vicinity of the colour sub-carrier. + +##### 4.3.2 The chrominance signal superimposed on the five-riser luminance staircase ( $D_1$ ) has the following characteristics: + +- position and duration: $15H/32$ to $30H/32$ . The superimposed sub-carrier may be limited to $28H/32$ ; +- peak-to-peak amplitude: $0.280$ V $\pm 2\%$ ; +- inherent differential-gain distortion: $\leq 0.5\%$ ; +- inherent differential-phase distortion: $\leq 0.2^\circ$ ; +- rise and fall times of the envelope of the chrominance transition: 1 $\mu\text{s}$ approximately. + +### 5. Particulars of signals inserted in line 331 (Fig. 4) + +#### 5.1 *Luminance pedestal* + +- position of transitions: $6H/32$ , $31H/32$ ; +- amplitude measured from blanking level: within $\pm 1\%$ of one-half of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.350 V); +- rise and fall times of transitions: derived from the shaping network of the sine-squared pulse (element $B_1$ ). + +#### 5.2 *Superimposed chrominance bar signal* ( $G_1$ ) + +- position of transitions: $7H/32$ , $14H/32$ ; +- peak-to-peak amplitude: within $\pm 1\%$ of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.700 V); +- rise and fall times of the envelope of the chrominance signal transactions: 1 $\mu\text{s}$ approximately; +- inherent chrominance-luminance cross-talk: $\leq 0.5\%$ of luminance pedestal amplitude; +- phase difference between the sub-carrier superimposed on the staircase in line 330 and the sub-carrier superimposed on line 331: $\leq 2^\circ$ . + +![Figure 3: Line 330. A graph showing a composite video signal waveform for line 330. The left Y-axis represents voltage (V) from 0 to 1.14. The right Y-axis represents percentage (%) from -43 to 120. The X-axis represents horizontal position in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The waveform includes a color burst (dashed box), a luminance pedestal (B1), a luminance bar (B2), and a chrominance staircase (D2).](c3c305cefbac2e7b13be34ab87054d1e_img.jpg) + +The figure shows a composite video signal waveform for line 330. The left Y-axis represents voltage (V) from 0 to 1.14. The right Y-axis represents percentage (%) from -43 to 120. The X-axis represents horizontal position in units of $H/32$ , from 0 to 32. The waveform includes a color burst (dashed box), a luminance pedestal ( $B_1$ ), a luminance bar ( $B_2$ ), and a chrominance staircase ( $D_2$ ). + +Figure 3: Line 330. A graph showing a composite video signal waveform for line 330. The left Y-axis represents voltage (V) from 0 to 1.14. The right Y-axis represents percentage (%) from -43 to 120. The X-axis represents horizontal position in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The waveform includes a color burst (dashed box), a luminance pedestal (B1), a luminance bar (B2), and a chrominance staircase (D2). + +FIGURE 3 – Line 330 + +d03-sc + +#### 5.3 Superimposed three-level chrominance signal ( $G_2$ ) + +This signal may be used as an alternative to the superimposed chrominance bar signal defined above: + +- position of transitions: $7H/32$ , $9H/32$ , $11H/32$ and $14H/32$ ; +- peak-to-peak amplitudes: + - 1st section: within $\pm 1\%$ of one-fifth of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.140 V); + - 2nd section: within $\pm 1\%$ of three-fifths of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.420 V); + - 3rd section: within $\pm 1\%$ of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.700 V); +- rise and fall times of the envelope of the chrominance signal transitions: 1 $\mu\text{s}$ approximately; +- inherent chrominance-luminance cross-talk: $\leq 0.5\%$ of luminance pedestal amplitude; +- inherent phase/amplitude distortion: $\leq 0.5^\circ$ ; +- phase difference between the sub-carrier superimposed on the staircase in line 330 and the sub-carrier superimposed on line 331: $\leq 2^\circ$ . + +#### 5.4 Superimposed reference sub-carrier ( $E$ ) + +This auxiliary signal may be used as a reference sub-carrier for the measurement of differential phase; + +- position of transitions: $17H/32$ , $30H/32$ ; +- peak-to-peak amplitude: within $\pm 1\%$ of three-fifths of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 0.420 V); +- rise and fall times of the envelope of the chrominance signal transitions: 1 $\mu\text{s}$ approximately; +- phase difference between the sub-carrier superimposed on the staircase in line 330 and the sub-carrier superimposed on the line 331: $\leq 2^\circ$ . + +![Figure 4: Line 331 waveform diagram. The vertical axis on the left shows voltage (V) from 0 to 1.00. The vertical axis on the right shows percentage (%) from -43 to 100. The horizontal axis shows time in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The waveform includes a color burst, a black level reference burst, and two main luminance blocks. The first block, labeled G1, spans from approximately 7 to 14 units and has a stepped gain profile labeled G2. The second block, labeled E, spans from approximately 17 to 30 units. Shaded areas indicate specific signal levels and timing parameters.](352c5fab6f936356e9570761a02ab71e_img.jpg) + +Figure 4: Line 331 waveform diagram. The vertical axis on the left shows voltage (V) from 0 to 1.00. The vertical axis on the right shows percentage (%) from -43 to 100. The horizontal axis shows time in units of H/32, from 0 to 32. The waveform includes a color burst, a black level reference burst, and two main luminance blocks. The first block, labeled G1, spans from approximately 7 to 14 units and has a stepped gain profile labeled G2. The second block, labeled E, spans from approximately 17 to 30 units. Shaded areas indicate specific signal levels and timing parameters. + +FIGURE 4 – Line 331 + +d04-sc + +### 6. List of measurements which can be made with the defined insertion test signals + +TABLE II + +| Characteristics measured | Waveform used | Line number | +|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| +| Linear distortions | | | +| Insertion gain | $B_2$ | 17 and 330 | +| Amplitude/frequency response | $C_2$ and $C_1$ | 18 | +| Line-time waveform distortion | $B_2$ | 17 and 330 | +| Short-time waveform distortion: | | | +| – step response | $B_2$ | 17 and 330 | +| – pulse response | $B_1$ | 17 and 330 | +| Chrominance-luminance gain inequality | $\left\{ \begin{array}{l} B_2 \text{ and } G_1 \text{ or } G_2 \\ B_2 \text{ and } F \end{array} \right.$ | 17 and 330, 331
17 | +| Chrominance-luminance delay inequality | $F$ | 17 | +| Non-linear distortions | | | +| Luminance line-time non-linearity | $D_1$ | 17 | +| Chrominance non-linearity | $G_2$ | 331 | +| Luminance-chrominance intermodulation: | | | +| – differential gain | $D_2$ | 330 | +| – differential phase | $D_2$ and $E$ | 330 and 331 | +| Chrominance-luminance intermodulation | $B_2$ and $G_1$ or $G_2$ | 17, 331 | + +# ANNEX II 525-LINE SYSTEMS + +### 1. Introduction + +This Annex describes waveforms and the corresponding specification of insertion test signals to which the following general considerations apply: + +- for international transmission of a 525-line television signal, line 17 of both fields (lines 17 and 280 if numbered consecutively), are reserved for international insertion test signals (see Note 1); +- the signals defined in this Annex apply to both monochrome and colour television transmission, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. For monochrome transmission, some simplifications of the test signal by the omission of one or more of its components may be desirable. Such simplified signals are shown in Figs. 7 and 8; +- the line duration $H$ is divided into 128 equal parts, and the position and duration of test signals are determined in $H/128$ . This division defines the characteristic instants; +- the characteristic instants are referred to the half-amplitude points of the leading edge of the luminance bar signal ( $B_2$ ) in Figs. 5 or 7 and the reference bar signal ( $C_1$ ) in Figs. 6 or 8, which are inserted in fields 1 and 2 respectively, ( $O_{HR}$ ). The half-amplitude point of the luminance and chrominance transitions and peak of the pulses occur at the characteristic instants; +- positioning of the reference point ( $O_{HR}$ ) shall not exceed $24H/128 \pm 125$ ns relative to the mid-amplitude point of the leading edge of the horizontal synchronizing pulse ( $O_H$ ); +- the systematic offset in the defined characteristic instants of any luminance and chrominance waveforms shall not differ by more than $\pm 150$ ns (see Note 2) and $\pm 300$ ns (see Note 2) respectively, from the nominal points; +- the random error in the defined characteristic instants for both luminance and chrominance waveforms shall not exceed $\pm 25$ ns from a fixed position which lies within the above systematic offset; +- the colour burst is present in the line-blanking period only in colour transmission; +- the frequency of the colour sub-carrier is 3.579 545 MHz for system M/NTSC, and 3.575 611 49 MHz for system M/PAL, $\pm 10$ Hz. + +*Note 1.* – The majority of the administrations reserve line 17 for insertion of international test signals. Report 314 provides information on the current allocation of lines reserved for special signals. + +*Note 2.* – Reduction in these tolerances is a matter for further study. + +### 2. Particulars of signals inserted in line 17 of field 1 (Figs. 5 or 7) (see Note 1 of § 1) + +#### 2.1 Luminance bar (reference white level) ( $B_2$ ) + +- position of transitions: $0H/128$ ( $O_{HR}$ ) and $36H/128$ , duration of bar $36H/128$ ; +- bar amplitude: $100 \pm 0.5$ IRE units (see Note); +- rise and fall times of transitions (integrated sine-squared shape): $125 \pm 5$ ns; +- overshoot and undershoot: $\leq 1\%$ ; +- tilt: $\leq 0.5\%$ . + +*Note.* – For 525-line systems, the signal amplitude is expressed in Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE) units. By convention, 100 IRE units correspond to the amplitude comprised between the blanking level and the white level (see Figs. 5 to 8). + +#### 2.2 $2T$ sine-squared pulse ( $B_1$ ) + +- position of peak: $44H/128$ ; +- amplitude: within $\pm 0.5$ IRE unit of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 100 IRE units); +- half-amplitude duration: $250 \pm 10$ ns. + +#### 2.3 Modulated $12.5T$ sine-squared pulse ( $F$ ) (see Note) + +- position of peak: $51H/128$ ; +- amplitude: within $\pm 0.5$ IRE unit of the amplitude of the luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 100 IRE units); +- half-amplitude duration: $1.57 \pm 0.05$ $\mu\text{s}$ ; +- inherent chrominance-luminance amplitude inequality: $\leq 0.5\%$ ; + +- inherent chrominance-luminance delay inequality: $\leq 5$ ns; +- other perturbations in the pulse base line: $\leq 0.5$ IRE unit; +- harmonic distortion component of the chrominance sub-carrier: at least 40 dB below the fundamental; +- chrominance sub-carrier is to be phase-locked to colour burst when this is present. + +*Note.* – For monochrome transmissions, this signal is optional. + +#### 2.4 *Five-riser luminance staircase ( $D_1$ ) (see Note) and superimposed five-riser staircase ( $D_2$ )* + +*Note.* – Monochrome transmission only. + +##### 2.4.1 The five-riser luminance staircase ( $D_1$ ) has the following characteristics: + +- position of successive transitions: $68H/128$ , $74H/128$ , $80H/128$ , $86H/128$ , $92H/128$ and $100H/128$ (fall); +- peak-to-peak amplitude of the staircase: $100 \pm 1$ IRE units for the signal $D_1$ and $90 \pm 1$ IRE units for the signal $D_2$ ; +- nominal amplitude of risers: within $\pm 1\%$ of $1/5$ amplitude of peak-to-peak amplitude of the staircase (nominal value: 20 IRE units for the signal $D_1$ and 18 IRE units for the signal $D_2$ ); +- rise and fall times of transitions: shaped by a $2T$ sine-squared filter to restrict the amplitude of components of the luminance signal in the vicinity of the colour sub-carrier (nominal value: 250 ns). + +##### 2.4.2 The chrominance signal when superimposed on the staircase has the following characteristics: + +- position of transitions: $60H/128$ and $98H/128$ , duration of the chrominance signal $38H/128$ ; +- peak-to-peak amplitude of the envelope of the chrominance signal: $40 \pm 0.4$ IRE units; +- inherent differential-gain distortion: $\leq 0.25\%$ (average picture luminance (APL): 10 to 90%); +- inherent differential-gain distortion: $\leq 0.2^\circ$ (APL: 10 to 90%); +- rise and fall times of the envelope of the chrominance signal transitions: $400 \pm 25$ ns; +- phase difference between the chrominance signal and the mean phase (see Note) of the programme colour burst signal: $0 \pm 1^\circ$ (APL: 10 to 90%). + +*Note.* – The term “mean phase” is particularly significant in the case of M/PAL. + +### 3. Particulars of signals inserted in line 17 of field 2 (Figs. 6 or 8) (see Note 1 of § 1) + +#### 3.1 *Reference bar signal ( $C_1$ )* + +- position of transitions: $0H/128$ ( $O_{HR}$ ) and $8H/128$ ; duration of bar: $8H/128$ ; +- bar amplitude: within $\pm 0.5$ IRE unit of the amplitude of the luminance bar signal ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 100 IRE units); +- rise and fall times of transitions: (integrated sine-squared shape): $125 \pm 5$ ns; +- overshoot and undershoot: $\leq 1\%$ ; +- tilt: $\leq 0.5\%$ . + +#### 3.2 *Luminance pedestal* + +- position of transitions: $8H/128$ and $100H/128$ ; +- amplitude: within $\pm 1\%$ of one half of the amplitude of luminance bar ( $B_2$ ) (nominal value: 50 IRE units). + +#### 3.3 *Multi-burst signal superimposed on the pedestal ( $C_2$ )* + +- starting positions and frequencies of the bursts (see Table III); +- peak-to-peak amplitude of burst: $50 \pm 0.5$ IRE units; +- d.c. component of each burst: not to exceed 0.25 IRE unit; +- harmonics shall be at least 40 dB below the fundamental. + +#### 3.4 *Superimposed 3-level chrominance signal ( $G$ ) (see Note)* + +- position of transitions: $68H/128$ , $76H/128$ , $84H/128$ and $96H/128$ ; +- peak-to-peak amplitudes: + 1st section: $20 \pm 0.2$ IRE units, + 2nd section: $40 \pm 0.4$ IRE units, + 3rd section: $80 \pm 0.4$ IRE units; +- rise and fall times of the envelope of the chrominance signal transitions: $400 \pm 25$ ns; +- inherent phase/amplitude distortion: $\leq 0.5^\circ$ ; +- inherent chrominance-luminance intermodulation: $\leq 0.25$ IRE unit; + +- chrominance component: + - in system M/PAL is to be phase-locked to programme colour burst, if present; + - in system M/NTSC, is to lag the programme colour burst (if present) by $90^\circ \pm 1^\circ$ . + +*Note.* – For monochrome transmission, this signal is optional. + +TABLE III + +| Burst No. | Precise starting position (1) | Frequency MHz (2) | +|-----------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------| +| 1 | $12H/128$ | 0.5 | +| 2 | $24H/128$ | 1.0 | +| 3 | $32H/128$ | 2.0 | +| 4 | $40H/128$ | 3.0 | +| 5 | $48H/128$ | 3.58 | +| 6 | $56H/128$ | 4.2 | + +(1) The starting point of each burst shall be at zero phase of the sine-wave, and each burst shall consist of the maximum number of complete cycles. The gaps between successive bursts shall not be shorter than $0.4 \mu\text{s}$ , nor longer than $2.0 \mu\text{s}$ in duration. + +(2) Spectral components of the bursts may cause interference to sound sub-carriers or noise detection circuits and the out-of-band energy should be limited by suitable design techniques. For example, the envelopes of the bursts should have a rise time greater than 300 ns and the envelope should be approximately integrated sine-squared shape. + +If harmonics of the burst cause interference, other frequencies near to the above-mentioned may be used, subject to agreement between the administrations concerned. + +### 4. List of measurements which can be made with the defined insertion test signals (see Note 1 of § 1) + +TABLE IV + +| Characteristics measured | Waveform used | Line number | +|----------------------------------------|--------------------------------|-------------------| +| Linear distortion | | | +| Insertion gain | $B_2$ | 17/field 1 | +| Amplitude/frequency response | $B_2$ (1) and $C_2$ | 17/fields 1 and 2 | +| Line-time waveform distortion | $B_2$ | 17/field 1 | +| Short-time waveform distortion: | | | +| – step response | $B_2$ | 17/field 1 | +| – pulse response | $B_1$ | 17/field 1 | +| Chrominance-luminance gain inequality | $B_2$ and $F$ | 17/field 1 | +| Chrominance-luminance delay inequality | $F$ | 17/field 1 | +| Non-linear distortion | | | +| Line-time luminance non-linearity | $D_1$ (2) | 17/field 1 | +| Chrominance non-linearity | $G$ | 17/field 2 | +| Luminance-chrominance intermodulation: | | | +| – differential gain | $D_2$ | 17/field 1 | +| – differential phase | $D_2$ | 17/field 1 | +| Chrominance-luminance intermodulation | $G$ | 17/field 2 | + +(1) $C_1$ (line 17/field 2) may be used in place of $B_2$ , when line-time distortion is suitably small. + +(2) $D_2$ may be used when the chrominance-luminance intermodulation is suitably small. + +![Figure 5: Line 17 of field 1. A graph showing IRE scale units (y-axis, -40 to 110) versus horizontal position (x-axis, 0 to 104 x H/128). The signal starts at (O_H) with a negative excursion, then rises to a plateau B2 at 100 IRE units. It then drops to a sharp peak B1' followed by a shaded peak F. A large shaded region D2 shows a stepped rise in signal level towards the end of the line. A 24 H/128 duration is marked at the beginning.](dd0f5301a5a6dd7c319701302110de88_img.jpg) + +Figure 5: Line 17 of field 1. A graph showing IRE scale units (y-axis, -40 to 110) versus horizontal position (x-axis, 0 to 104 x H/128). The signal starts at (O\_H) with a negative excursion, then rises to a plateau B2 at 100 IRE units. It then drops to a sharp peak B1' followed by a shaded peak F. A large shaded region D2 shows a stepped rise in signal level towards the end of the line. A 24 H/128 duration is marked at the beginning. + +FIGURE 5 – Line 17 of field 1 + +d05-sc + +![Figure 6: Line 17 of field 2. A graph showing IRE scale units (y-axis, -40 to 100) versus horizontal position (x-axis, 0 to 104 x H/128). The signal starts at (O_H) with a negative excursion, then rises to a plateau C1 at 100 IRE units. It then drops to a series of six rectangular blocks labeled 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 3.0 MHz, 3.58 MHz, and 4.2 MHz, which are grouped under a duration C2. A shaded region G shows a stepped rise in signal level towards the end of the line. A 24 H/128 duration is marked at the beginning.](98ee20ceb85cd84e2415b20b1eda1bcf_img.jpg) + +Figure 6: Line 17 of field 2. A graph showing IRE scale units (y-axis, -40 to 100) versus horizontal position (x-axis, 0 to 104 x H/128). The signal starts at (O\_H) with a negative excursion, then rises to a plateau C1 at 100 IRE units. It then drops to a series of six rectangular blocks labeled 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 3.0 MHz, 3.58 MHz, and 4.2 MHz, which are grouped under a duration C2. A shaded region G shows a stepped rise in signal level towards the end of the line. A 24 H/128 duration is marked at the beginning. + +FIGURE 6 – Line 17 of field 2 + +d06-sc + +![Figure 7: Waveform diagram for Line 17 of field 1. The vertical axis is labeled 'IRE scale units' with values -40, 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100. The horizontal axis is labeled with (O_H), 0 (O_HR), 36, 44, 60, 68, 74, 80, 86, 92, 100, 104, and a multiplier x H/128. The signal starts at 0 IRE, drops to -40 IRE at (O_H), returns to 0 IRE at 24H/128, then jumps to 100 IRE at 0 (O_HR). It remains at 100 IRE until 36H/128, where it drops to 0 IRE. A sharp peak labeled B1 occurs at 44H/128. The signal then returns to 0 IRE until 60H/128, where it begins a stepped rise labeled D1, reaching 100 IRE at 100H/128, and finally drops to -40 IRE at 104H/128. A horizontal double-headed arrow labeled B2 spans from 0 (O_HR) to 36H/128.](7c1f9e78e0f033d391b687f1652f6e47_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: Waveform diagram for Line 17 of field 1. The vertical axis is labeled 'IRE scale units' with values -40, 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100. The horizontal axis is labeled with (O\_H), 0 (O\_HR), 36, 44, 60, 68, 74, 80, 86, 92, 100, 104, and a multiplier x H/128. The signal starts at 0 IRE, drops to -40 IRE at (O\_H), returns to 0 IRE at 24H/128, then jumps to 100 IRE at 0 (O\_HR). It remains at 100 IRE until 36H/128, where it drops to 0 IRE. A sharp peak labeled B1 occurs at 44H/128. The signal then returns to 0 IRE until 60H/128, where it begins a stepped rise labeled D1, reaching 100 IRE at 100H/128, and finally drops to -40 IRE at 104H/128. A horizontal double-headed arrow labeled B2 spans from 0 (O\_HR) to 36H/128. + +FIGURE 7 – Line 17 of field 1 + +d07-sc + +![Figure 8: Waveform diagram for Line 17 of field 2. The vertical axis is labeled 'IRE scale units' with values -40, 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100. The horizontal axis is labeled with (O_H), 0 (O_HR), 8, 12, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 100, 104, and a multiplier x H/128. The signal starts at 0 IRE, drops to -40 IRE at (O_H), returns to 0 IRE at 24H/128, then jumps to 100 IRE at 0 (O_HR). It remains at 100 IRE until 8H/128, where it drops to 50 IRE. A horizontal double-headed arrow labeled C1 spans from 0 (O_HR) to 8H/128. From 12H/128 to 64H/128, the signal is a stepped waveform labeled C2, with six steps of 25 IRE height each, labeled vertically as 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 3.0 MHz, 3.58 MHz, and 4.2 MHz. After 64H/128, the signal drops to 50 IRE and remains constant until 100H/128, where it drops to 0 IRE, and finally to -40 IRE at 104H/128.](0332672e127cd13bb6d2fc8d1e27bfa2_img.jpg) + +Figure 8: Waveform diagram for Line 17 of field 2. The vertical axis is labeled 'IRE scale units' with values -40, 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100. The horizontal axis is labeled with (O\_H), 0 (O\_HR), 8, 12, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 100, 104, and a multiplier x H/128. The signal starts at 0 IRE, drops to -40 IRE at (O\_H), returns to 0 IRE at 24H/128, then jumps to 100 IRE at 0 (O\_HR). It remains at 100 IRE until 8H/128, where it drops to 50 IRE. A horizontal double-headed arrow labeled C1 spans from 0 (O\_HR) to 8H/128. From 12H/128 to 64H/128, the signal is a stepped waveform labeled C2, with six steps of 25 IRE height each, labeled vertically as 0.5 MHz, 1.0 MHz, 2.0 MHz, 3.0 MHz, 3.58 MHz, and 4.2 MHz. After 64H/128, the signal drops to 50 IRE and remains constant until 100H/128, where it drops to 0 IRE, and finally to -40 IRE at 104H/128. + +FIGURE 8 – Line 17 of field 2 + +*Note. – Figs. 7 and 8 are examples of insertion test signals for monochrome transmission.* + +d08-sc + +# BIBLIOGRAPHY + +CCIR Documents + +[1982-86]: CMTT/6 (United States of America). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.700-200912-I_PDF-E/01e00200a536673d6cd0e6d8705047a0_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.700-200912-I_PDF-E/01e00200a536673d6cd0e6d8705047a0_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0f2260947ff225aeef5c3d58271aa3388679e5b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.700-200912-I_PDF-E/01e00200a536673d6cd0e6d8705047a0_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:6031eb50c51d3a4649c482dec7dcfdc2ffe9bdf36058628cc15f5dc4bf35af5e +size 166215 diff --git 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Recommendation ITU-T J.700 + +# IPTV service requirements and framework for secondary distribution + +## Summary + +The telecommunications industry today is pursuing development of a new generation of television services, typically called IPTV, built upon IP networking technology to deliver integrated triple-play voice, data and video services across a converged network infrastructure. The cable industry has a long history of successfully delivering video services over hybrid fibre/coax (HFC) networks while adding support for data and voice through the DOCSIS and IPCablecom architectures. Recommendation ITU-T J.700 describes the use of the IPTV mechanism, and is intended to support IPTV services over existing cable-based secondary distribution networks and/or other networks to enhance the existing television distribution services. + +This revised Recommendation provides a clearer relationship of the IPTV architecture between this Recommendation and Recommendation ITU-T Y.1910, and the relationship to the service provider interface is newly described. In addition, the latest access network technologies for secondary distribution such as radio frequency over glass (RFoG), wavelength-multiplexed video transport over optical fibre, and hybrid use of HFC and optical fibre, are mentioned. This revision is also intended to provide a number of editorial corrections. + +## History + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T J.700 | 2007-12-14 | 9 | +| 2.0 | ITU-T J.700 | 2009-12-14 | 9 | + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2010 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 4 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 4 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 4 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 5 | +| 5 IPTV reference model, scenarios and requirements ..... | 10 | +| 5.1 Scenarios for IPTV services ..... | 10 | +| 5.2 Service requirements ..... | 13 | +| 5.3 Functional requirements ..... | 17 | +| 6 Functional architecture ..... | 27 | +| 6.1 General architectural requirements..... | 27 | +| 6.2 Secondary distribution functional architecture..... | 28 | +| 7 Relationship to existing secondary distribution networks..... | 31 | +| 7.1 Relationship to hybrid fibre/coax networks ..... | 31 | +| 7.2 Relationship to optical fibre-based access network configurations ..... | 43 | +| 8 Functional architecture: detailed component descriptions ..... | 44 | +| 8.1 IPTV application functions..... | 46 | +| 8.2 Third party web services and applications ..... | 47 | +| 8.3 IPTV service functions ..... | 47 | +| 8.4 IPTV content functions..... | 50 | +| 8.5 Network functions ..... | 53 | +| 8.6 OSS functions..... | 54 | +| 8.7 Customer (IP home network) functions ..... | 55 | +| 8.8 Content sources ..... | 56 | +| 9 Reference points ..... | 56 | +| 9.1 Reference points definition..... | 56 | +| 9.2 Internetwork operability ..... | 58 | +| Annex A – Relationship to NGN ..... | 61 | +| Bibliography..... | 64 | + + + +# IPTV service requirements and framework for secondary distribution + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the service requirements and functional framework architecture for support of IPTV services to provide enhanced broadcasting, where broadcast programmes are delivered over existing cable-based secondary distribution networks composed of HFC or FTTx with some enhancements by applications and/or services provided over IP-enabled networks. It addresses the service requirements, use cases and functional components required to support these requirements. Where possible, this Recommendation utilizes the material already developed, or under development, in ITU-T Recommendations related to video service delivery over secondary networks. + +This Recommendation describes the use of an IPTV mechanism based on the general ITU-T IPTV functional architecture [ITU-T Y.1910]. The IPTV applications and services addressed in this Recommendation are intended to be transferred over existing cable-based secondary distribution networks and/or other networks to enhance the existing television distribution services. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T H.222.0] Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 (2000) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:2000, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems*. +- [ITU-T H.222.0 Amd.3] Recommendation ITU-T H.222.0 Amd.3 (2004) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:2000/Amd3:2004, *Transport of AVC video data over ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 streams*. +- [ITU-T H.262] Recommendation ITU-T H.262 (2000) | ISO/IEC 13818-2:2000, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Video*. +- [ITU-T H.264] Recommendation ITU-T H.264 (2005), *Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services*. +- [ITU-T H.770] Recommendation ITU-T H.770 (2009), *Mechanisms for service discovery and selection for IPTV services*. +- [ITU-T J.83] Recommendation ITU-T J.83 (1997), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution*. +- [ITU-T J.112] Recommendation ITU-T J.112 (1998), *Transmission systems for interactive cable television services*. +- [ITU-T J.112 Annex B] Recommendation ITU-T J.112 Annex B (2004), *Data-over-cable service interface specifications: Radio-frequency interface specification*. + +- [ITU-T J.122] Recommendation ITU-T J.122 (2002), *Second-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems.* +- [ITU-T J.128] Recommendation ITU-T J.128 (2005), *Set-top gateway specification for transmission systems for interactive cable television services.* +- [ITU-T J.179] Recommendation ITU-T J.179 (2005), *IPCablecom support for multimedia.* +- [ITU-T J.181] Recommendation ITU-T J.181 (2004), *Digital program insertion cueing message for cable television systems.* +- [ITU-T J.190] Recommendation ITU-T J.190 (2007), *Architecture of MediaHomeNet.* +- [ITU-T J.200] Recommendation ITU-T J.200 (2001), *Worldwide common core – Application environment for digital interactive television services.* +- [ITU-T J.201] Recommendation ITU-T J.201 (2004), *Harmonization of declarative content format for interactive TV applications.* +- [ITU-T J.202] Recommendation ITU-T J.202 (2003), *Harmonization of procedural content formats for interactive TV applications.* +- [ITU-T J.203] Recommendation ITU-T J.203 (2006), *Common core for digital video recorder platform.* +- [ITU-T J.280] Recommendation ITU-T J.280 (2005), *Digital Program Insertion: Splicing application program interface.* +- [ITU-T J.282] Recommendation ITU-T J.282 (2006), *Architecture of multi-channel video signal distribution over IP-based networks.* +- [ITU-T J.290] Recommendation ITU-T J.290 (2006), *Next generation set-top-box core architecture.* +- [ITU-T J.291] Recommendation ITU-T J.291 (2006), *Next generation set-top-box cable architecture.* +- [ITU-T J.292] Recommendation ITU-T J.292 (2006), *Next generation set-top-box media-independent architecture.* +- [ITU-T M.3060] Recommendation ITU-T M.3060/Y.2401 (2006), *Principles for the Management of the Next Generation Networks.* +- [ITU-T M.3400] Recommendation ITU-T M.3400 (2000), *TMN management functions.* +- [ITU-T Y.1901] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1901 (2009), *Requirements for the support of IPTV services.* +- [ITU-T Y.1910] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1910 (2008), *IPTV functional architecture.* +- [ITU-T Y.2011] Recommendation ITU-T Y.2011 (2004), *General principles and general reference model for Next Generation Networks.* +- [ITU-T Y.2012] Recommendation ITU-T Y.2012 (2006), *Functional requirements and architecture of the NGN release 1.* +- [ANSI/SCTE 20] ANSI/SCTE 20 (2004), *Method for Carriage of Closed Captions and Non-Real Time Sampled Video.* +- [ANSI/SCTE 21] ANSI/SCTE 21 (2006), *Standard for Carriage of NTSC VBI data in Cable Digital Transport Streams.* +- [ANSI/SCTE 26] ANSI/SCTE 26 (2004), *Home Digital Network Interface Specification with Copy Protection.* + +| | | +|-------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [ANSI/SCTE 40] | ANSI/SCTE 40 (2004), Digital Cable Network Interface Standard . | +| [ANSI/SCTE 43] | ANSI/SCTE 43 (2005), Digital Video Systems Characteristics Standard for Cable Television . | +| [ANSI/SCTE 65] | ANSI/SCTE 65 (2002), Service Information Delivered Out-of-Band for Digital Cable Television . | +| [ANSI/SCTE 127] | ANSI/SCTE 127 (2007), Carriage of Vertical Blanking Interval (VBI) Data in North American Digital Television Bitstreams . | +| [ANSI/SCTE 128] | ANSI/SCTE 128 (2007), AVC Video Systems and Transport Constraints for Cable Television . | +| [ARIB STD-B10] | ARIB STD-B10 V4.4 (2007), Service Information for Digital Broadcasting System . | +| [ARIB STD-B32] | ARIB STD-B32 V2.1 (2007), Video Coding, Audio Coding, and Multiplexing Specifications for Digital Broadcasting . | +| [ATSC A/65C] | ATSC A/65C (2006), ATSC Standard: Program and System Information Protocol for Terrestrial Broadcast and Cable (Revision C) with Amendment No. 1 . | +| [CEA-608-C] | CEA-608-C (2005), Line 21 Data Services . | +| [CEA-708-C] | CEA-708-C (2006), Digital Television (DTV) Closed Captioning . | +| [ETSI EN 300 468] | ETSI EN 300 468 V1.7.1 (2006), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems . | +| [ETSI EN 301 775] | ETSI EN 301 775 V1.2.1 (2003), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for the carriage of Vertical Blanking Information (VBI) data in DVB bitstreams . | +| [ETSI TS 101 154] | ETSI TS 101 154 v1.7.1 (2005), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream . | +| [ETSI TS 102 034] | ETSI TS 102 034 v1.3.1 (2007), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Transport of MPEG-2 TS Based DVB Services over IP Based Networks . | +| [ETSI TS 102 543] | ETSI TS 102 543 v1.1.1 (2008), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Globally Executable MHP (GEM) Specification 1.2 . | +| [IETF RFC 1350] | IETF RFC 1350 (1992), The TFTP Protocol (Revision 2) . | +| [IETF RFC 2131] | IETF RFC 2131 (1997), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol . | +| [IETF RFC 2132] | IETF RFC 2132 (1997), DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions . | +| [IETF RFC 2250] | IETF RFC 2250 (1998), RTP Payload Format for MPEG1/MPEG2 Video . | +| [IETF RFC 2326] | IETF RFC 2326 (1998), Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) . | +| [IETF RFC 3550] | IETF RFC 3550 (2003), RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Application . | +| [IETF RFC 3551] | IETF RFC 3551 (2003), RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control . | +| [IETF RFC 3640] | IETF RFC 3640 (2003), RTP Payload Format for Transport of MPEG-4 Elementary Streams . | + +| | | +|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| [IETF RFC 3984] | IETF RFC 3984 (2005), RTP Payload Format for H.264 Video . | +| [IETF RFC 4184] | IETF RFC 4184 (2005), RTP Payload Format for AC-3 Audio . | +| [IETF RFC 4425] | IETF RFC 4425 (2006), RTP Payload Format for Video Codec 1 (VC-1) . | +| [IETF RFC 4566] | IETF RFC 4566 (2006), SDP: Session Description Protocol . | +| [ISO/IEC 13818-7] | ISO/IEC 13818-7 (2006), Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information – Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) . | +| [SMPTE 421M] | SMPTE 421M (2006), VC-1 Compressed Video Bitstream Format and Decoding Process . | +| [SMPTE RP 227] | SMPTE RP 227 (2006), VC-1 Bitstream Transport Encodings . | + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 client DVR (cDVR):** An instance of a DVR where the end-user terminal device contains the recording capability that can be solicited and operated by end users to record and store video, audio and other associated content locally for subsequent playback. + +**3.2.2 digital video recorder (DVR):** A recording capability that can be solicited and operated by end users to record and store video, audio and other associated content for subsequent playback. + +**3.2.3 distributed DVR (dDVR):** Multiple instances of a DVR where a combination of cDVRs and nDVRs can be used to record and store video, audio and other associated content for subsequent playback. For example, this usually occurs within a home network containing multiple cDVRs in order to distribute storage of video, audio and other content. + +**3.2.4 DOCSIS-based CPE:** A terminal device that contains an embedded DOCSIS cable modem. Hybrid CPEs and IP-only CPEs may be DOCSIS based. + +**3.2.5 enhanced broadcasting:** A system that is capable of delivering broadcast programmes over existing secondary distribution networks composed of HFC or FTTx with enhancements by applications and/or services transferred over IP-enabled networks. + +**3.2.6 hybrid CPE:** A terminal device that is capable of receiving content services over MPEG transport streams and IP. + +**3.2.7 IP-only CPE:** A terminal device that is capable of receiving content services over IP only. + +**3.2.8 mobile DVR (mDVR):** A mobile instance of a DVR where a mobile terminal device can be a cDVR (having the capability to store video, audio and other associated content locally) or contain a means of accessing an nDVR or other cDVR. + +**3.2.9 MPEG transport CPE:** A terminal device that is capable of receiving content services over MPEG-2 transport streams only. + +**3.2.10 network DVR (nDVR):** An instance of a DVR where a network element contains the recording capability that can be solicited and operated by end users to record and store video, audio and other associated content in the network for subsequent playback. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------| +| AAC | Advanced Audio Coding | +| AAC-LC | Advanced Audio Coding – Low Complexity | +| AC-3 | Arc Consistency algorithm #3 (Dolby) | +| AIT | Application Information Table | +| API | Application Programming Interface | +| ASD | Authorized Service Domain | +| A/V | Audio/Video | +| AVC | Advanced Video Codec | +| AVT | Audio/Video Transport | +| BLT | Bit-block Transfer | +| BPL | Broadcast over Power Line | +| BSS | Business Support System | +| CA | Conditional Access | +| CAS | Conditional Access System | +| CDN | Content Delivery Network | +| cDVR | client Digital Video Recorder | +| CID | Caller Identity Display | +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMTS | Cable Modem Termination System | +| CODEC | Coder-Decoder | +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| CSCF | Call Session Control Function | +| dDVR | distributed Digital Video Recorder | +| DEPI | DOCSIS External PHY Interface | +| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | +| DLNA | Digital Living Network Alliance | +| DM | Device Management | +| DMP | Digital Media Player | +| DMR | Digital Media Renderer | +| DNS | Domain Name System | +| DOCSIS | Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification | +| DPI | Digital Programme Insertion | +| DRM | Digital Rights Management | +| DRRP | Dynamic Resource Registration Protocol | +| DSG | DOCSIS Set-top box Gateway | + +| | | +|---------|------------------------------------------------------------| +| DSL | Digital Subscriber Line | +| DSM-CC | Digital Storage Media Command and Control | +| DTCP | Digital Transmission Content Protection | +| DVB | Digital Video Broadcasting | +| DVD | Digital Versatile Disc | +| DVR | Digital Video Recorder | +| DVS | Digital Video Service | +| EAS | Emergency Alert System | +| eCM | embedded cable modem entity (e.g., STB, router, MTA, etc.) | +| ECM | Entitlement Control Message | +| EMM | Entitlement Management Message | +| eMTA | embedded Multimedia Terminal Adapter | +| EPG | Electronic Programme Guide | +| ERM | Edge Resource Manager | +| ES | Elementary Stream | +| FCAPS | Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance and Security | +| FG IPTV | ITU-T IPTV Focus Group | +| FTTx | Fibre-To-The (node, curb, premise or home) | +| FW | Firewall | +| GEM | Globally Executable Multimedia home platform | +| GE-PON | Gigabit Ethernet – Passive Optical Network | +| GIF | Graphics Interchange Format | +| GPON | Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network | +| GUI | Graphical User Interface | +| GW | Gateway | +| HD | High Definition | +| HDCP | High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection | +| HDD | Hard Disk Drive | +| HDMI | High-Definition Multimedia Interface | +| HDNI | Home Digital Network Interface | +| HDTV | High-Definition Television | +| HFC | Hybrid Fibre/Coax | +| HRC | Harmonically-Related Carriers | +| HSD | High Speed Data | +| HSS | Home Subscriber Server | +| HTTP | HyperText Transfer Protocol | +| HTTPS | Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol | + +| | | +|---------|------------------------------------------------| +| ICE | Interactive Connectivity Establishment | +| I-CSCF | Interrogating Call Session Control Function | +| IGMP | Internet Group Management Protocol | +| IM | Instant Messaging | +| IMS | Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IPPV | Impulse Pay Per View | +| IPTV | Internet Protocol Television | +| IPv6 | Internet Protocol version 6 | +| IRC | Incrementally-Related Carriers | +| IRT | Integrated Receiver Transcoder | +| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network | +| ISMS | Information Security Management System | +| ITV | Interactive Television | +| JAR | Java Archive | +| JCE | Java Cryptography Extension | +| JPEG | Joint Photographic Experts Group | +| LAN | Local Area Network | +| LLC | Logical Link Control | +| LPCM | Linear Pulse Code Modulation | +| MAC | Media Access Control | +| M-CMTS | Modular Cable Modem Termination System | +| MDU | Multi-Dwelling Unit | +| mDVR | mobile Digital Video Recorder | +| MHP | Multimedia Home Platform | +| MLD | Multi-Listener Discovery | +| MP3 | MPEG-1 audio layer 3 | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| MPEG-ES | Moving Picture Experts Group Elementary Stream | +| MPEG-TS | MPEG Transport Stream | +| MPTS | Multiple Programme Transport Stream | +| MSO | Multiple System Operator | +| MTA | Multimedia Terminal Adapter | +| NACF | Network Attachment Control Function | +| NAT | Network Address Translation | +| nDVR | network Digital Video Recorder | +| NGN | Next Generation Network | + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------| +| NIT | Network Information Table | +| NPT | Normal Play Time | +| NTSC | National Television System Committee | +| NVOD | Near Video on Demand | +| OCAP | OpenCable Applications Platform | +| OMA | Open Mobile Alliance | +| ONU | Optical Network Unit | +| OOB | Out-Of-Band | +| OSD | On-Screen Display | +| OSS | Operational Support System | +| PAT | Programme Association Table | +| PBP | Personal Basic Profile | +| PCM | Pulse Code Modulation | +| PCMM | PacketCable Multimedia | +| P-CSCF | Proxy Call Session Control Function | +| PDU | Packet Data Unit | +| PEG | Public, Education and Government access | +| PES | Packetized Elementary Stream | +| PiP | Picture-in-Picture | +| PMT | Programme Map Table | +| PNG | Portable Network Graphics | +| PON | Passive Optical Network | +| PPV | Pay Per View | +| PSI | Programme Specific Information | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| PVR | Personal Video Recorder | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| QPSK | Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying | +| RACF | Resource and Admission Control Function | +| RAM | Random Access Memory | +| RF | Radio Frequency | +| RFoG | Radio Frequency over Glass | +| RG | Residential Gateway | +| RGB | Red Green Blue | +| RSVP | Resource ReSerVation Protocol | +| RTCP | Real-time Transport Control Protocol | + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| RTE | Real-time Encoder | +| RTP | Real-time Transport Protocol | +| RTSP | Real-time Streaming Protocol | +| S-CSCF | Serving Call Session Control Function | +| SCF | Service Control Function | +| SD | Standard Definition | +| SDP | Session Description Protocol | +| SD&S | Service Discovery and Selection | +| SDU | Single-Dwelling Unit | +| SDV | Switched Digital Video | +| SI | Service Information | +| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | +| SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | +| SOAP | Simple Object Access Protocol | +| SP | Service Provider | +| SPI | Service Provider Interface | +| SPTS | Single Programme Transport Stream | +| SRM | Session and Resource Manager | +| SSL | Secure Sockets Layer | +| SSM | Source-Specific Multicast | +| STB | Set-Top Box | +| STT | System Time Table | +| STUN | Simple Transversal of User datagram protocol through Network address translation | +| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol | +| TFTP | Trivial File Transfer Protocol | +| TMN | Telecommunications Management Network | +| TURN | Transversal Using Relay Network address translation | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| UPnP | Universal Plug and Play | +| VBI | Vertical Blanking Interval | +| VC-1 | Video Codec 1 | +| VCR | Video Cassette Recorder | +| VCT | Virtual Channel Table | +| VOD | Video On Demand | +| VoIP | Voice over Internet Protocol | +| V-ONU | Video Optical Network Unit | +| VPN | Virtual Private Network | + +| | | +|------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| VRN | Video Rich Navigation | +| WAN | Wide Area Network | +| WDM | Wavelength Division Multiplexing | +| WMA | Windows Media Audio | +| WSDL | Web Services Description Language | +| XCAP | eXtensible markup language Configuration Access Protocol | +| xDSL | (symmetric, asymmetric, high bit-rate, very high speed) Digital Subscriber Line | +| XML | eXtensible Markup Language | + +# 5 IPTV reference model, scenarios and requirements + +It is helpful to start with a high-level reference model for IPTV over secondary distribution. In this clause, we introduce that model and discuss some scenarios for service delivery. Once this high-level view is set, the service and functional requirements are introduced and discussed. + +## 5.1 Scenarios for IPTV services + +Figure 1 shows the basic IPTV reference model derived from the model defined by [ITU-T Y.1910]. Taking the typical cable operators' environments, it has been modified slightly to allow for the network provider and service provider to be the same entity. It has been also modified to show some basic functional relationships. + +![Figure 1 – IPTV reference model diagram showing the flow of content and control logic between a Content provider, Service provider, Network provider, and Customer.](a83ba9e3e2c1e21dd69953a7b09e45b4_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IPTV reference model, organized into three main vertical sections: **Primary distribution** (left) and **Secondary distribution** (right). + +- Primary distribution:** Contains the **Content provider** (yellow box) with **Content** (tower and server icons). It connects to the **Service provider** (blue box) via a solid red arrow (Content flow). +- Service provider:** Contains **Service control**, **Content provision**, and **Content streamer**. **Service control** is connected to **Content provision** and **Content streamer** via dashed black lines (Control logic). **Content provision** is connected to **Content streamer** via a solid red arrow (Content flow). +- Network provider (IP transport):** Contains **Network control** and **Network delivery**. **Service control** is connected to **Network control** via a dashed black line. **Content streamer** is connected to **Network delivery** via a solid red arrow. **Network control** is connected to **Network delivery** via a dashed black line. +- Customer:** Contains **CPE with IPTV client (decode)** (two boxes), **Display** (monitor icon), and **Residential gateway**. **Network delivery** is connected to **Residential gateway** via a solid red arrow. **Residential gateway** is connected to both **CPE with IPTV client (decode)** boxes via solid red arrows. The top **CPE** is connected to **Display** via a solid red arrow. + +**Legend:** + +- Content flow (solid red arrow) +- - - Control logic (dashed black line) +- - - Service provider and network provider may be the same entity (dashed black line enclosing Service provider and Network provider) + +J.700(09)\_F01 + +Figure 1 – IPTV reference model diagram showing the flow of content and control logic between a Content provider, Service provider, Network provider, and Customer. + +**Figure 1 – IPTV reference model** + +The content provider, service provider and network provider in Figure 1 may be distinct entities; however, there are numerous scenarios where multiple functions may be provided by a single entity. The implementation of the reference model may vary based on whether there are single or multiple entities. The dotted line in Figure 1 above indicates the scenario where the service provider and network provider may be the same entity. + +In Figure 1, the interaction between the content provider and the service provider is considered to be "primary distribution". The interaction from service provider to customer is "secondary distribution". The scope of this Recommendation is to provide a framework for secondary distribution only. + +In Figure 1 above, the content is received from the content provider at the service provider in the content provision function (primary distribution). The content provision function acquires, manages and provisions content according to service provider requirements (e.g., ad-insertion, logo superimposing, encryption, compression, etc.). Content is then sent to the content streamer function to be streamed and delivered to the customer via the network provider through the network delivery function (secondary distribution). The service control function is used to control interaction with the customer and distribute content via the network provider. The network control and the network delivery functions operate within the network provider entity in order to disseminate and deliver content and data to and from the customer. Each customer entity may contain a residential gateway (owned and/or operated as a CPE by the network provider, service provider or customer), which functions to receive and send content and data to and from the other CPEs within the customer premises network. The CPE may send content to an optional display, which may be used to view and interact with content that is decoded for viewing at the CPE. + +The customer premises network may consist of multiple CPEs with IPTV clients, which may or may not have connected or integrated displays. Each CPE, including the residential gateway, communicates upstream, through the network provider, to the network control and service control functions to control the delivery of content and for supporting exchange of data for interactive applications. + +For this Recommendation, we derive an IP-enabled secondary distribution system based on the basic reference model and considering existing deployed technology. This secondary distribution system for enhanced broadcast is illustrated in Figure 2. + +![Figure 2: Example of high level end-to-end physical network for enhanced broadcast. The diagram is divided into three main sections: Head end, Distribution hub, and Subscriber. The Head end (green background) contains IRTs (satellite dish), VOD servers, Library servers, OPS (operator), Provider content, and PEG/local content. It connects to the Distribution hub (red background) via a 'Primary distribution' cloud. The Distribution hub contains Caches, P-CSCF, DPI, SVB, and Local zone ad-insertion. It connects to the Subscriber (blue background) via 'Access networks' (HFC, FTTx, Wireless) and a 'Secondary distribution' cloud. The Subscriber section includes Video CPE (e.g., STB), Video access (e.g., DOCSIS PC), CM RG, IP-STB, and various connected devices like a monitor, phone, and camera. A small label 'J.700(09)_F02' is at the bottom right.](33a8f3f01dfa8bce75d23017855a13c5_img.jpg) + +Figure 2: Example of high level end-to-end physical network for enhanced broadcast. The diagram is divided into three main sections: Head end, Distribution hub, and Subscriber. The Head end (green background) contains IRTs (satellite dish), VOD servers, Library servers, OPS (operator), Provider content, and PEG/local content. It connects to the Distribution hub (red background) via a 'Primary distribution' cloud. The Distribution hub contains Caches, P-CSCF, DPI, SVB, and Local zone ad-insertion. It connects to the Subscriber (blue background) via 'Access networks' (HFC, FTTx, Wireless) and a 'Secondary distribution' cloud. The Subscriber section includes Video CPE (e.g., STB), Video access (e.g., DOCSIS PC), CM RG, IP-STB, and various connected devices like a monitor, phone, and camera. A small label 'J.700(09)\_F02' is at the bottom right. + +Figure 2 – Example of high level end-to-end physical network for enhanced broadcast + +The physical network typically consists of: + +- A head end for content acquisition, operations support and subscriber management. The head end allows for content to be made available based on the needs of a particular region served by the cable operator. Often VOD servers reside at the head end, and programming is tailored and branded to the profile of the regional market. +- The distribution hub is the operator's closest location to the subscriber. This is one place where local content can be added (e.g., local programming and ad insertion). Resource management on the access network occurs at the distribution hub, as well as initial termination of signalling for services. +- The subscriber or customer premises is often the demarcation point beyond which the operator may have less control. Leased equipment (owned by the cable operators) is considered trusted, and often other equipment within the customer premises is not considered within the trust boundary. The expanding need to support in-premises networking of content provides a number of challenges in areas such as conditional access (CA), digital rights management (DRM) and network address translation (NAT)/firewall traversal. + +The primary focus of this IPTV framework Recommendation is to enable delivery of IP-based video services to end-users in the following ways: + +- 1) Delivering enhanced video and other multimedia capabilities to the TV using IP – This scenario is generally considered to enhance the existing digital television delivery service. The existing video service delivery mechanisms remain intact, but are enhanced to allow for additional service overlays. All of these may also provide an integrated experience with the existing broadcast-based television services. + - a) IP video features – For example, mosaics of video content (e.g., for interactive programme guide or picture-in-picture) require multiple-tuner capabilities using traditional delivery mechanisms. IP gives the ability to deliver multiple video streams for various display purposes efficiently. + - b) Web-based services – Video delivery through standard web-based mechanisms can be used in conjunction with existing digital TV offerings to provide interactivity. For example, enhanced information services related to programming can be displayed through access to web servers over the IP network. + - c) IP-based enhancements – Combining existing broadcast video applications with new interactive IP-based multimedia services. For example, IPCablecom [b-ITU-T J.160] defines a standard architecture for voice over IP (VoIP) and IPCablecom2 [b-ITU-T J.360] defines multimedia services for cable networks. Other IMS-based multimedia services are being defined as well. These new services will be integrated with existing digital television offerings. +- 2) Delivering video over IP to devices in the home – As IPTV technology matures, operators may realize gains in bandwidth efficiency, lower CPE costs and flexibility in presentation by delivering video in IP to the end devices. + - a) Content may be delivered through traditional RF-modulated MPEG streams to a set-top box-based CPE, and then made available within the home to IP devices through the IP home gateway. + - b) Content may be delivered end-to-end with IP-based streaming. An IP-video home gateway would enable delivering the streams to (potentially multiple) IP devices within the home. + +- 3) Delivering video over IP to devices outside the home – As operators move to provide service to devices beyond the traditional secondary delivery network, many mobile opportunities are presented. + - a) IPCablecom2 provides an IMS-based mechanism for multimedia delivery to mobile devices. Interworking with the IMS delivery subsystem to allow IPTV services to be delivered to the mobile devices is a key component of this architecture. + - b) Innovative mechanisms may allow for content delivery to remote devices outside the home. This capability is often referred to as "place-shifting". + +## 5.2 Service requirements + +There are a number of types of services anticipated to be supported by the broadcast enhanced by IPTV defined in this Recommendation. The supported services, described from the CPE perspective, might include the following items. + +### 5.2.1 Digital video and audio content + +The CPE should be capable of decoding and processing digital video channels from the network. Examples of digital video include MPEG-2, MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1 based encoding formats. Digital video may include associated digital audio services. Stand-alone audio services may also be offered. + +Content may be service-provider or subscriber generated. + +See also requirement R 6.5.2-01 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### 5.2.2 Navigation and electronic programme guide support + +The CPE should support an interactive electronic programme guide (EPG) application selected by the network operator. The interactive EPG runs on top of the middleware and supports all available video and audio services including broadcast, on-demand, time-shifted multimedia services (i.e., DVR) and IP video, and provides utilities that include, but are not limited to: + +- Available subscriber and service provider content lists. +- Search and navigation tools of available content. +- Channel and content selection, including last channel recall and favourite channel lists. +- DVR client and on-demand controls, including play, rewind, fast forward and pause. +- DVR client recording control, including reminders. +- Parental control, including block by time, channel, ratings, title and content type. +- Services control, including enabling and disabling access to pay-per-view content. + +See also requirements R 6.1-04, R 6.3.6-03, RR 6.3.6-01 and clause 6.6.5 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### 5.2.3 Content on demand + +The CPE should be able to provide on-demand services and should interoperate with the network and service providers' on-demand infrastructure. On-demand enables television viewers to select from an extensive library of content stored on a video server, and have it delivered over a channel via the cable network. All on-demand services should allow the viewer to pause, fast forward and rewind programming, similar to a VCR or DVD. Other on-demand content such as audio and games should be supported. + +On-demand services available using multiple authorization modes that should be supported include, but are not limited to: + +- Complimentary on-demand. +- Subscription on-demand. +- Pay-per-view. +- Network-based digital video recorder (DVR) where subscriber specified content is stored at head end-based servers. +- Push on-demand (download-based content distribution services). + +From the standpoint of the end user's experience, authorization modes can operate differently depending on the subscriber's relationship with the network and service providers. Each offers play, pause, stop, fast-forward and rewind capabilities. Authorization flexibility allows multiple viewing conditions which include the ability to watch any movie, as often as the customer wishes, for a service provider-defined period of time. + +See also requirements R 6.1-03, OR 6.1.1-02 and clause 6.5.1.5 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### **5.2.4 Support for digital programme insertion (DPI)** + +The IPTV framework for the secondary distribution architecture should support the following content insertion services in accordance with [ITU-T J.280], [ITU-T J.181] and Recommendation ITU-T J.189: + +- Digital-into-digital advertising includes the capabilities to insert, or splice, one digital programme (the ad) into a second digital programme (the content being viewed). Insertion should include both video and audio content. The insertion may occur in the head end, the hub, the CPE or a combination of any to deliver a particular ad to the viewer. Advertising content can be streamed in real time as part of the transport multiplex for a video service, stored in an on-demand ad insertion system, or available in the hard drive of a DVR-capable CPE and streamed to the CPE across the home network. The CPE should support seamless splicing of ads in all supported formats from any supported source into a video stream as it is being displayed. +- Targeted (geographic grouping) and addressable (demographic grouping) advertising delivers a particular ad to a more targeted audience of viewers. This is normally accomplished by putting multiple ads into the same digital stream multiplex and the CPE selects which ad to present to the viewer based on tagging data on the ads and information present in the CPE. +- Interactive advertising provides the ability for the subscriber to interact with the advertisement using the remote control to, for example, request a coupon or additional information. +- Data collection mechanisms gather information on channel viewing, advertising viewing or other subscriber utilization habits. The CPE should support applications that collect and store data for bulk reporting to a server at scheduled intervals. + +See also requirements OR 6.1-03 and OR 6.1.1-09 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### **5.2.5 Video game support** + +Video games may be supported by the CPE at the application layer. CPE models that support video games should provide resource capacity, including processing and memory, to support various gaming applications. + +See also requirement R 6.1.1-02 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### **5.2.6 Interactive television** + +The CPE should support interactive television (ITV) applications such as, but not limited to: + +- Weather. +- News. +- Sports. +- Investment. +- Local programming. + +See also requirements R 6.1.1-02 and OR 6.5.2.9-01 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### **5.2.7 Other IP-based applications** + +The CPE may have the capabilities to utilize the IP access to provide new applications provided by the service provider such as (but not limited to): + +- E-commerce including managed content purchases and enhanced shopping channel. +- Textual and video IM. +- E-mail. +- Web-based services/Internet portal access. +- Telephony integration (voicemail, caller ID, etc.). +- Third party call control. +- Video and audio conferencing. +- Real-time text applications. +- Content sharing (video, still images, etc.). +- Audio books. +- Subscriber preferences and parental controls. +- Navigation through a unified messaging application. +- Presence which recognizes the presence of an active user and provides this information to a CPE application. +- Distance learning, telemedicine and other information services. +- Home security monitoring. +- Multi-user online gaming. +- Remote content management. + +These services are supported by the CPE at the application layer. The CPE should provide resource capacity, including processing and memory, to provide an interactive user experience. + +### **5.2.8 Managed content and server-based services** + +Managed content is web-like content, but contained on internal network or service provider servers. This allows the CPE to access this data without the security concerns that comes with full Internet access. + +Server-based services are those where processing and rendering of the service or content occurs at the head end and an MPEG stream is sent to the CPE for display. + +The CPE should provide the necessary support for managed content and server-based services. + +### **5.2.9 Multi-camera angle programming** + +Multi-camera angle programming is broadcast programming that has several video streams associated with it. Each video stream can, for example, show a different angle of a sporting event. The user navigates through the different camera angles by using their remote control, which communicates with a CPE application that provides this service, and selecting the desired video stream. + +Multi-camera angle programming is supported by the CPE at the application layer. The CPE should provide resource capacity, including processing and memory, to support multi-camera angle programming. + +See also requirement RR 6.1-06 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### **5.2.10 E-commerce support** + +The CPE should provide application layer support for e-commerce services including shopping channels. These applications enable direct ordering of featured products and services at the time of display using the remote control. This material will most likely be stored remotely and the CPE should have the ability to communicate with the data repository via secure channels that are analogous to HTTPS protocols. + +### **5.2.11 Digital video recorder (DVR) services** + +A DVR service is defined as a recording capability that can be solicited and operated by end users to record and store video, audio and other associated content for subsequent playback. + +It is recommended that the IPTV CPE be capable of supporting DVR services. The CPE should be capable of supporting four envisioned DVR services: + +- 1) Client DVR (cDVR). +- 2) Network DVR (nDVR). +- 3) Distributed DVR (dDVR). +- 4) Mobile DVR (mDVR). + +While each of the envisioned DVR technologies may be unique, the service that is required to be supported by the CPE remains constant to the end user. + +In all cases, the end user can interact with a GUI (such as the EPG or DVR on-screen display (OSD)) in order to schedule, modify, playback, erase, etc., recordings. + +It is recommended that the DVR service support the ability to: + +- Schedule recordings (manually or through the use of an EPG). +- Schedule repeating recordings (manually or through the use of an EPG, e.g., record the whole season of a programme). +- Display a list of already recorded programmes/content and a list of upcoming recordings. +- Modify pre-existing scheduled recordings. +- Rank recordings according to priority (high priority recordings take precedence, when recording, over lower priority recordings). +- Play back recorded programmes/content. +- Erase recorded programmes/content (whether viewed or not). +- Copy recorded programmes/content to removable or external local storage devices, according to copyright privileges. +- Automatically (end user unaware) record content. + +See also OR 6.1.1-02 and clause 6.5.1.6 of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +### **5.2.12 Other services** + +The IPTV system should support needed community and accessibility services, which are additional content components intended to assist people hindered in their ability to perceive an aspect of the main content, as required by the local customer base, for example: + +- Emergency alert system (EAS). +- Closed caption, subtitles, audio description and sign language interpretation. +- Real-time text communication between users of the system. + +For further information, refer to the accessibility and standardization website [b-ITU-T Accessibility], which includes pointers to the telecommunication accessibility guidelines and telecommunication accessibility checklist. + +See also requirements R 6.5.2.10-11, R 6.5.2.10-12 and Appendix I (public interest cross-reference) of [ITU-T Y.1901]. + +## **5.3 Functional requirements** + +This Recommendation specifies how television services may be enhanced by IP-based technology over secondary distribution networks as shown in Figure 2. The enhanced broadcast services will likely support some or all of the following important functional requirements. + +### **5.3.1 Control functions** + +Most configuration and control parameters are transmitted via IP to the control function of the CPE from a controller in the service provider head end. + +The CPE control function should support remote configuration, monitoring, logging, reporting and troubleshooting. + +The control interface of the CPE may include many classes of functions. These functions may include service information, emergency alert system, conditional access, configuration and management, software download, and polling and report-back. These classes of functions are further described in the following clauses. + +#### **5.3.1.1 Service selection mechanisms** + +##### **5.3.1.1.1 Service information (SI)** + +The MPEG transport and hybrid CPE should support the service information (SI) system that describes the programme delivery over MPEG transport including (but not limited to) frequencies, system time, channel maps and services in use on the cable system on which the CPE resides. + +- The frequency definition defines the centre frequencies of the carriers used on the network and the indices used to refer to the frequencies, including defining HRC, IRC or standard set-top channel maps. +- System time includes the current time and is used to set the CPE time. +- Channel maps define the relationship between the display channel and the frequency, MPEG service number, source ID (for a linear broadcast channel) and where the service can be found. + +The hybrid and IP-only CPE use either the service/system information or other solutions (e.g., solution defined in [ETSI TS 102 034], direct access to a web portal with a browser) in order to find out where on the network to access any content that the user selects. In order to support IP-based CPE (hybrid or IP-only), existing service/system information data need to be updated and modified to provide the data necessary for an IP-based CPE to discover and access digital/analogue services provided on the network. In addition to the existing RF/frequency-related information, the updated SI data must support at least the following (this is not an exhaustive list) in order to allow + +for IP transmission: source IP address (to allow for SSM), multicast destination IP address and UDP port, different IP encapsulation methods (e.g., UDP/RTP/MPEG2-TS), stream bandwidth information, etc. + +The CPE software should accept the MPEG-2 service information (SI) including programme association table (PAT), programme map table (PMT), network information table (NIT), virtual channel table (VCT) and system time table (STT). + +The CPE should use the system time message to synchronize its local clock and should provide a clock signal to the middleware and applications. The CPE should be capable of maintaining a channel map and make it available to middleware and applications. + +SI standards are region-specific, and the following are some of the regional standards that apply: + +- [ANSI/SCTE 65]/[ATSC A/65C]. +- DVB [ETSI EN 300 468]. +- [ARIB STD-B10]. + +##### **5.3.1.1.2 Service discovery and selection (SD&S)** + +GEM 1.2 [ETSI TS 102 543] defines protocols for the discovery and selection of GEM services and service information (described above in clause 5.3.1.1.1). GEM 1.2 defines an optional "IPTV target" profile (see clause 8.3.1 below). + +If the CPE implements the "IPTV target" profile, then the GEM specification requires full conformance with that profile. + +[ITU-T H.770] describes another solution for the discovery of IPTV service providers and services offered by these providers. + +Access to a web portal operated by the service provider is another solution for the end user to discover services and to make a selection among them. + +### **5.3.2 Emergency alert system (EAS)** + +The CPE should support the emergency alert system that is used to communicate emergency information to end users, such as severe weather conditions and other local, regional or national emergency alerts. The EAS system in the head end transmits compliant alert messages to the CPE. + +The CPE should accept and fully support alerts as detailed in the relevant national standards. + +### **5.3.3 OSS** + +ITU-T recommended OSS capabilities pertaining to support of IPTV services should be incorporated consistent with the principles for the management of NGN in [ITU-T M.3060] and the management functions in [ITU-T M.3400]. + +#### **5.3.3.1 Configuration and management** + +Configuration and management support includes: + +- Support for dynamic and static provisioning of CPE (STB, media adaptor, etc.) with such information as an IP address. +- Support for dynamic provisioning changes (such as application-specific configuration) without requiring a CPE reboot unless explicitly indicated via a management interface (for example, critical software download). +- Support for activation and deactivation of clients and application features, such as console interfaces and user guides, setting time zone information, clearing the customer PIN or resetting the CPE. + +- Ensuring that real-time provisioning and configuration of software does not adversely affect subscriber service. +- Defining information models for managing customer CPE using an appropriate modelling methodology (for example, the IETF network management approach). + +The CPE should support well-established industry standard protocols for configuration and management, such as: + +- The IETF protocol suite: + - SNMPv2/v3 [b-IETF RFC 3417]. + - DHCP [IETF RFC 2131], [IETF RFC 2132]. + - TFTP [IETF RFC 1350]. + - HTTP [b-IETF RFC 2616]. +- UPnP [b-UPnP]. +- Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) device management [b-OMA DM]. +- Web services (e.g., XML) [b-WC3 XML]. +- DSL forum TR-069 [b-DSL TR-069]. + +#### 5.3.3.2 Software download + +The CPE should support software download and upgrade capability via the remote download interface using methods such as in-band DSM-CC carousels, multicast IP or TCP/IP. + +The software downloaded to the CPE may be classified into three types: firmware, middleware and conditional access software. + +In a cable TV network, CPE using DOCSIS software upgrade mechanisms should follow the specification for privacy on the DOCSIS channel and authentication of the software image. + +#### 5.3.3.3 Polling and report-back + +The CPE should support polling and report-back messages from the head end controller to poll the CPE for purchase information as well as diagnostic and configuration information. Purchases may be retrieved by the controller and passed on to the billing system. The process of collecting CPE report-backs is initiated and managed by the head end controller or may be initiated by the CPE in the form of an "unsolicited report-back". + +#### 5.3.3.4 Fault management + +Fault management requirements address fault detection, reporting and isolation functions. This also includes diagnostics and testing functions. + +##### 5.3.3.4.1 Diagnostics + +The CPE should support monitoring capabilities that will provide diagnostic information about its configuration and operation. This information should be made available both locally (for example, by using onscreen display graphics) and over the network. The intent of this capability is to provide information on the CPE's operational and application states such that any CPE issue can be quickly understood and resolved. + +Support for the following requirements should be provided by the diagnostics: + +- 1) The CPE software should support remote diagnostics as specified by the network and service providers. +- 2) The CPE software should provide all requested diagnostic information to the middleware functions and applications. + +##### **5.3.3.4.2 Additional fault management requirements** + +The CPE software should support fault management requirements as specified by the network and service providers. It should support mechanisms such as event notification to report faults. + +#### **5.3.3.5 Accounting and metrics requirements** + +An event-recording mechanism should be supplied to capture event data for transaction-based services. Back-office servers that support delivery of services should report appropriate usage data. + +If this function deals with user privacy aspects, it needs to keep privacy protection laws in each region and/or standards such as ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 27002 (Notes 1 and 2) and the OECD guidelines on the protection of privacy and transborder flows of personal data. This implies the consideration of end user permission when collecting and transferring the user privacy data into a viewership data tracking server. + +NOTE 1 – ISO/IEC 27001 is the certification standard against which organizations' ISMS may be certified. + +NOTE 2 – ISO/IEC 27002 is the code of practice with good practice advice on ISMS (previously known as ISO 17799 and before that BS 7799 Part 1). + +### **5.3.4 User interface** + +The user interface defines the input and output control and status mechanisms that interface the CPE with the end user. Beyond interaction with the service applications, customers use the user interface to configure certain parameters and user preferences on the CPE. The primary input mechanism for the user interface to the CPE may be a remote control. + +The CPE may provide a web service to enable a user to control its basic features (such as channel selection and EPG browsing) using a standard web browser. This enables users to control the equipment by means other than the traditional remote control and on-screen display. + +The user interface should be configurable by network operators for capabilities such as programme selection features and programme guide functionalities. + +### **5.3.5 Signalling and control requirements** + +Signalling and control includes: + +- A preferred signalling architecture for establishing new sessions, modifying existing sessions and tearing down sessions. +- Feature capabilities of the selected signalling protocol(s), including channel change and trick mode (VCR) operation including pause, rewind, fast forward, resume and stop. + +#### **5.3.5.1 DOCSIS/DSG in a cable TV network** + +The DSG [ITU-T J.128] architecture allows the command and control to be based on IP transport over DOCSIS/DSG. The DSG network is designed to be functionally transparent to the head end controller environment from an operations and services standpoint. + +The inclusion of a DOCSIS DSG cable modem in the CPE allows and facilitates: + +- Transition of the legacy out-of-band (OOB) messaging from its physically separate transport (e.g., legacy quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulated channels) to DOCSIS transport. +- Transition of interactive application traffic from the legacy OOB transport to DOCSIS transport. + +- Definition of a standardized provisioning and operations environment for CPEs which is functionally separate from the conditional access system and is operationally consistent with other IP devices such as cable modems, PCs and IP telephony multimedia telephony adapters (MTAs). + +DSG reuses infrastructure from existing HFC networks including the DOCSIS downstream and upstream channels to carry CPE messages in a way that is non-disruptive to other services on those same channels (e.g., high speed data, VoIP, IPCablecom multimedia). + +In DSG operation, the CPE includes a DOCSIS cable modem that implements DSG functionality, and a CMTS is used to communicate both one-way and two-way control plane messaging traffic from the head end controller to the CPEs. + +In a cable TV network, the DSG cable modem subsystem provides the communication tunnels for command and control of the CPE functionality, some of which are listed below: + +- Provisioning of the CPE functionality through the DSG tunnels. +- Delivery of system information (e.g., time and date information). +- Service information including programme association table (PAT), programme map table (PMT), network information table (NIT), virtual channel table (VCT) and system time table (STT). +- Low level device configuration settings and control functions including time zone, virtual channel map ID assignment and CPE reset commands. + +In a cable TV network, the CPE DOCSIS DSG cable modem subsystem should continue to operate in the event of failure of any CPE subsystem (except for a power failure) to allow the cable modem in a partially failed CPE to provide status and diagnostic information to local and remote entities (e.g., display and remote monitoring systems). + +#### 5.3.5.2 IP-based command and control + +The following are standard mechanisms for IP-based command and control of video services: + +- *RTSP for on-demand content* +The IP-based CPE MUST support RTSP for the delivery of unicast on-demand content, and the remote control of a streaming media server. A session ID is used to keep track of sessions, this way no permanent TCP connection is required. RTSP messages such as "setup", "play", "pause", "record" and "teardown" are sent from the CPE to the media server for controlling the delivery of the selected media stream. +- *IGMP/MLD for multicast content* +Assuming that the IP-based CPE supports IGMPv3 for IPv4 or MLDv2 for IPv6, and that SI information supports IP transmission as described in clause 5.3.1.1.1, the CPE uses the source IP address and multicast destination address in SI to join (using source-specific multicast) the appropriate multicast flow transporting the content requested from the end user. + +### 5.3.6 Media transport functional requirements + +Digital media signals enter the CPE via the desired transport, and are demodulated, de-multiplexed, decrypted and decompressed, followed by optional processing such as graphics overlay and image scaling applied to prepare them for viewing by the subscriber. + +#### **5.3.6.1 Video** + +##### **5.3.6.1.1 Video codecs** + +The CPE should support decoding of MPEG-2 and may support other advanced video codecs, such as MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1. Simultaneous decode of MPEG-2 and one of the two advanced codecs should be supported; however, simultaneous decode of the two advanced codecs need not be supported. + +For CPEs that support advanced codecs, it should be possible to switch between MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1 via command from the head end. The switch between MPEG-4 AVC and VC-1 need not be instantaneous and may involve code download and/or remote reconfiguration of the device. + +##### **5.3.6.1.2 Video resolutions** + +The following references detail region-specific source and compression formats that should be supported: [ANSI/SCTE 128], [ANSI/SCTE 43], [ETSI TS 101 154] and [ARIB STD-B32]. + +##### **5.3.6.1.3 Video processing** + +The CPE should be capable of converting any specified input decoded picture source format/resolution to the chosen output format/resolution through a combination of video scaling and de-interlacing. CPEs that support high definition outputs should provide native mode video output support so that it automatically changes output resolution formats to match the broadcast format. + +The CPE should support the following video processing features: + +- Independent horizontal and vertical scaling ranging from 1/32 (down-scaling) to 32 (up-scaling). +- 3:2 pull-down cadence detection. +- Reverse 3:2 pull-down detection and filtering. +- Digital noise filtering. +- Edge enhancements. + +Video outputs (RF and baseband) should conform to accepted international standards. + +The CPE should support the scaling of a video source for display. + +##### **5.3.6.1.4 VBI data processing** + +The CPE should be capable of passing-through, extracting, decoding and rendering vertical blanking interval (VBI) lines carried in an encoded content stream and should make the VBI data available to the CPE operating system and applications for processing. + +The CPE may support closed-captioning standards and VBI capabilities such as: [ANSI/SCTE 20], [ANSI/SCTE 21] and [ETSI EN 301 775] (modified by [ANSI/SCTE 127]), [CEA-608-C] and [CEA-708-C]. + +In the event that both [ANSI/SCTE 20] and [ANSI/SCTE 21] closed captions are present simultaneously, the preference is to select [ANSI/SCTE 21] closed-captioning data. + +##### **5.3.6.1.5 Video rich navigation – non-overlay** + +The CPE should support a video rich navigation (VRN) application with decoding and compositing in the video plane, combining with graphics, and display in a non-overlay type configuration of multiple lower resolution full motion video streams (MPEG-2 or advanced codec) onto either SD or HD display outputs. One audio stream is decoded for the video that is highlighted or selected. + +##### **5.3.6.1.6 Video rich navigation – overlay** + +The CPE should support a VRN application with decoding and compositing in the video plane, combining with graphics, and display in a picture-in-picture (PiP) type configuration with one full resolution and multiple lower resolution full motion video streams (MPEG-2 or advanced codec) onto either SD or HD display outputs. One audio stream is decoded for the video that is highlighted or selected. + +#### **5.3.6.2 Audio** + +##### **5.3.6.2.1 Audio decoder** + +The CPE should support decoding of the following compressed audio bit stream formats: + +- MPEG-1 layers 2 and 3 (MP3). +- Dolby Digital (AC-3) up to 5.1 with matrix audio (Pro Logic). +- MPEG-2 AAC (AAC-LC) [ISO/IEC 13818-7]. +- Dolby Digital Plus (enhanced AC-3) with matrix audio (Pro Logic). +- MPEG-4 AAC and high efficiency AAC (aacPlus) 2-channel programme. +- Linear pulse code modulation (LPCM) encapsulated in IP over home network interface. +- Non-linear PCM encapsulated in IP over home network interface (for CPE models that support home networking interfaces). +- Windows Media Audio (WMA). + +##### **5.3.6.2.2 Audio outputs** + +The CPE should be capable of responding to user preference for adjusting Dolby Digital audio dynamic range compression. The CPE should be capable of supporting user or network selection among a minimum of three compression characteristics: uncompressed, intermediate and heavy. + +Audio signal performance should not degrade over the normal operating volume level range. + +#### **5.3.6.3 Still images** + +The CPE should be capable of displaying MPEG-2 still images received in the transport stream. + +The CPE should be capable of displaying MPEG-4 AVC and SMPTE VC-1 still images received in the transport stream. + +The CPE should be capable of displaying JPEG, GIF and PNG image formats. + +#### **5.3.6.4 Graphics** + +The CPE should support video graphics display compositing layering functions using a still video layer, the main video programme layer and the graphics layer. + +The CPE should implement appropriate graphics scaling filters in order to avoid spatio-temporal aliasing. + +The CPE graphics subsystem should support the following two-dimensional acceleration components: + +- Colour-space conversion support for all standard video colour spaces (RGB, YCbCr and variants thereof). +- Hardware accelerated per-pixel alpha blitter, line drawing, polygon/rectangle fill, bit masking and panning/scrolling. +- Support for sprites, transparent bit-block transfer (BLT), masked BLT and context chaining. + +The CPE should scale graphics to the current output resolution of the given display. + +#### **5.3.6.5 Text** + +The CPE should be capable of handling text output with display features selected by the user, regarding size, colour, background colour and opacity, and position. + +The CPE should have support for presenting text in the languages used by the target market. + +The CPE may have means for text input, e.g., for use in interactive and conferencing applications. + +### **5.3.7 Resource and policy management** + +A resource management mechanism should be defined which includes: + +- Dynamic resource request mechanisms which utilize the DOCSIS QoS scheduling capabilities. +- Support for unidirectional resource reservations. +- Support for network-initiated resource requests on behalf of the CPE, and means for detecting CPE failure allowing for resource reclamation. +- Support for resource changes during a session. +- Flexible resource commitment (single, multiple phase). +- Theft-of-service protection. +- Protection against denial-of service attacks. +- Admission control mechanisms. +- IP backbone QoS for unicast and multicast traffic. + +Policy management may include rules defining resources that are authorized: + +- Per-service. +- Per-subscriber. +- Bandwidth (specified using token-bucket parameters). +- Latency guarantees. +- Policy expiration times. +- Policy volume limits. + +Policy management may also include: + +- Rules defining scarcity/value of bandwidth based on time of day. +- Pre-emption rules. +- Admission control policies. + +### **5.3.8 Security requirements** + +#### **5.3.8.1 Security architecture** + +The CPE should include multiple layers of security to protect access to the network, access to content and services, and protection of content. The security architecture for the CPEs should cover the following elements: + +- Access to services. +- Access to service provider and subscriber content. +- Access to manufacturing test ports. +- Security of CPE operational functions, including boot sequence and code download. +- Security of access to, and content on, the home network. + +- Protection of the various encryption keys used to secure services and infrastructure. +- Protection of user privacy for selection of VOD and impulse pay per view (IPPV) selections. + +#### **5.3.8.2 Conditional access** + +The CPE controls the subscriber's access to content based on entitlements delivered by the conditional access system (CAS). Conditional access provides the functionality to authorize and de-authorize services and resources in a CPE by delivering and managing encryption keys and tiers. Many of the details surrounding conditional access and the messaging used by the conditional access system are securely protected within the removable or renewable security subsystem components. + +The CPE should query the conditional access system to determine the subscriber's entitlements. + +#### **5.3.8.3 Content protection** + +Content is defined as any information (including video, audio and application download) that is provided by the network or service provider and available for retrieval by an authenticated and authorized user. Network and service providers are often bound by agreements to their content providers to securely distribute and protect against unauthorized copying and redistribution of content. + +Content protection in the CPE may be provided by a CAS client and/or digital rights management client. + +The following describes the primary functionality that the authenticated CPE should provide to meet the content protection requirements: + +- The CPE should engage the CAS content decryption engine to decrypt all encrypted content that the CPE is authorized to access. +- The CPE should engage the digital rights management content decryption engine to decrypt content that is received from a home network interface for display locally. +- The CPE software should conform to the compliance and robustness rules of relevant licensors of conditional access, copy protection and digital rights management technology. +- The CPE should not provide unencrypted access to compressed content in any components, busses or interfaces. + +#### **5.3.8.4 Copy protection** + +The CPE should support the following copy protection requirements: + +- All analogue outputs may be enabled or disabled based on service provider configuration. +- High-bandwidth digital content protection (HDCP) copy protection on the HDMI digital video output. +- DTCP copy protection compliant with [ANSI/SCTE 26] on the 1394 digital video output. + +#### **5.3.8.5 Parental control** + +Parental locks are applied by an application to prevent access to content unless authorized. + +#### **5.3.8.6 Code download security** + +The following describes the primary functionality that the CPE should provide to meet the code download security requirements: + +- The CPE should perform secured/trusted code download for the CPE software. +- The CPE should only execute software that has been signed and verified. + +- A DOCSIS-based CPE should follow the DOCSIS specification for secure software download. + +#### **5.3.8.7 Cryptographic services** + +The following describes the primary cryptographic services functionality that the CPE must provide to meet security requirements: + +- A DOCSIS-based CPE should comply with the requirements of the DOCSIS specification. +- A DOCSIS-based CPE should perform authentication with the CMTS. +- The CPE should provide an SSL cryptographic library. + +#### **5.3.8.8 Removable security** + +The CPE may implement a removable security interface. The interface is a removable device that provides the conditional access and content protection security systems. + +In a DOCSIS-based CPE, the DSG communications system should provide the OOB communication path. + +#### **5.3.8.9 Digital rights management** + +The CPE should implement digital rights management content protection for viewing content streamed from other trusted devices through the home network. + +### **5.3.9 Home networking requirements** + +[ITU-T J.190] describes the ITU standards for home networking. + +#### **5.3.9.1 Home networking** + +The CPE may operate as a device on the home network for applications allowing authorized content and resource sharing from other networked in-home CPEs. + +Participation of the CPE in a home network allows the hard disk drive content storage resource to be integrated inside a remote CPE, yet allows stored content to be viewed on a television connected to a diskless CPE. + +A high definition version of the CPE should be capable of receiving HDTV content over the home network, decode it, and render it through its video outputs. The CPE should provide sufficient buffer memory for the content streams to provide a freeze-, jitter- and drop-out-free viewing experience. + +#### **5.3.9.2 Home networking features** + +The DLNA home networked device interoperability guidelines [b-IEC 62481-1] and [b-IEC 62481-2] define five device classes that are used in the home network. The CPE should support the following two device class certifications when mated with the appropriate application software: + +- Digital media player (DMP). +- Digital media renderer (DMR). + +A digital rights management system specified by the service provider should be included to manage the protection of content received through the home network. + +The CPE should provide the following services and features when connected to the home network: + +- DVR playback including trick play support of stored content as a client to a compatible DVR device. +- Scheduling of programme recording on a compatible DVR device connected to the home network. + +- Advertising content can be streamed in real time from the hard drive of a compatible DVR-capable CPE to the diskless CPE across the home network. +- Remote monitoring and diagnostics of the home network. + +The CPE should provide the above services when connected to other CPEs as well as legacy devices across the home network. + +#### **5.3.9.3 Home networking software support** + +The CPE should provide the software necessary to support functioning as a client in a compatible home network environment. The compatible home network environment is characterized by a number of interoperable protocols, media formats and software profiles specified by the service provider. + +#### **5.3.9.4 Quality of service (QoS)** + +The goal of QoS is to improve the user experience of the home network's ability to deliver predictable results for sensitive applications such as audio and video. QoS parameters include bandwidth (throughput) and latency (delay) characteristics. + +#### **5.3.9.5 Home networking media transport formats** + +The CPE should support processing of MPEG-2 transport streams, MPEG-4 AVC streams and SMPTE VC-1 ([SMPTE 421M], [SMPTE RP 227]) streams received on any of the home network interfaces. + +The transport mechanisms listed are independent of both the codec used to encode the content which is being carried by the transport and the security system used to provide access to that content. All supported codecs and the security system should work with all home network media transport formats. + +### **5.3.10 NAT/Firewall traversal** + +IPTV services should be able to cross NAT Firewall (FW) boundaries. + +### **5.3.11 Middleware** + +A set-top-box-based CPE should support broadcast-centric middleware defined by [ITU-T J.200], [ITU-T J.201] and/or [ITU-T J.202] and GEM 1.2 [ETSI TS 102 543] to satisfy the requirements defined in [b-ITU-T J.701]. + +# **6 Functional architecture** + +Now that the IPTV requirements have been discussed, we can define a high-level functional architecture appropriate to meet these requirements. + +## **6.1 General architectural requirements** + +The service and functional requirements have been presented above. This clause revisits some of the general requirements that the functional architecture will satisfy: + +- Offer video, voice and data services across a common network infrastructure: + - This architecture may support the delivery of multiple services over the common IP transport with quality of service (QoS); services may be delivered from multiple service providers or from a single provider. + - This architecture shall support converged services. + +- Access services on a wide variety of subscriber devices: + - This architecture should allow the delivery of IPTV service to any kind of IPTV-enabled device. +- Support and build upon IPCablecom for signalling QoS support. +- Integrate multiple services together into a common interface customized per device: + - There are some mature services in the operating network, such as POTS telephone, video conference, etc. It is expected that IPTV services be integrated with the existing services and it is requested that all these services be provided through a unified service platform. +- Easily implement and customize new services. +- Support standards to maximize ability to leverage alternative vendors. +- Support highly available IP-based core and metropolitan networks. +- When using HFC access, all in-home IPTV services can operate over a DOCSIS 1.1-based HFC access network; however, the additional bandwidth enabled by later versions of DOCSIS can increase the number of functions and capabilities. +- The architecture will accommodate interworking with the IMS-based IPCablecom2 systems to allow IPTV services to be delivered to mobile devices, PCs, etc. +- The IPTV architecture should allow the delivery of IPTV services over different access networks (e.g., cable, optical, xDSL, wireless). +- Existing IP-based cable capabilities will be used for delivery of IPTV services over cable networks, including: + - DSG for IP-based OOB signalling. + - Delivery of interactive video to unidirectional receivers in conjunction with an IP control mechanism. + - eDOCSIS for embedded cable modems in the residential gateway or CPE [b-ITU-T J.126] (including eRouter, eSTB, etc.). + +## 6.2 Secondary distribution functional architecture + +The IPTV functional architecture shown in Figure 3 is functionally equivalent to the architecture defined in [ITU-T Y.1910] and constitutes a subset of the functions adapted for use over secondary distribution networks. + +![Functional architecture for IPTV secondary distribution system diagram](f9c64800d9bace9b4315646d1057be3c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional architecture for an IPTV secondary distribution system, organized into three main vertical sections: External entities, Operator network, and Customer network, all resting on a Transport layer. + +- External entities (left):** + - Web services and third party applications:** Connected to IPTV application functions. + - OSS functions:** Connected to IPTV service functions. + - Content sources (e.g. VOD, linear):** Connected to IPTV content functions via a red arrow. +- Operator network (middle, white background):** Contains three stacked functional blocks: + - IPTV application functions (e.g., VOD, EPG, DRM):** Top block, connected to external web services and the application client in the customer network. + - IPTV service functions:** Middle block, connected to OSS functions and the service client in the customer network. + - IPTV content functions:** Bottom block, connected to content sources and the content client in the customer network. +- Customer network (right, pink background):** Contains three stacked client blocks: + - Application client (e.g., DRM, CAS):** Top block, connected to IPTV application functions. + - Service client:** Middle block, connected to IPTV service functions. + - Content client:** Bottom block, connected to IPTV content functions via a red arrow. +- Transport layer (bottom, green background):** + - IPTV control/metadata flow:** Indicated by a black arrow passing through the operator network and transport layer to the application and service clients. + - IPTV content flow:** Indicated by a red arrow passing through the operator network and transport layer to the content client. + +J.700(09)\_F03 + +Functional architecture for IPTV secondary distribution system diagram + +NOTE – The operator network and the transport layer in Figure 3 are equivalent, respectively, to "service provider" network and "network provider" network specified in [ITU-T Y.1910] "IPTV domains". Also, IPTV application functions, IPTV service functions and IPTV content functions defined in this Recommendation are equivalent to application functions, service control functions and content delivery functions of [ITU-T Y.1910], respectively. + +**Figure 3 – Functional architecture for IPTV secondary distribution system** + +Appendix V of [ITU-T Y.1910] identifies mapping of interfaces between this Recommendation and [ITU-T Y.1910]. Detailed correspondence between these two Recommendations can be found in Figures 10-1 to 10-6 and Appendix V of [ITU-T Y.1910]. + +The following clauses describe the main IPTV functional elements in more detail. + +### 6.2.1 IPTV application functions + +The IPTV application functions include the following: + +- 1) Interactive services portal. +- 2) Web browser capability. +- 3) Subscriber settings. +- 4) DVR control. +- 5) EPG capability and presentation. +- 6) VOD playback capability. + +It is a requirement that the IPTV application functions should be customizable to enable different network operators to configure their own user interfaces in terms of programme selection features and programme guides, etc. + +The following are examples of some IPTV services and applications that may fall into the "IPTV application functions" functional block in Figure 3: + +- 1) EAS. +- 2) EPG. +- 3) PPV. +- 4) VOD. + +### **6.2.2 IPTV service functions** + +The following are examples of IPTV service functions from Figure 3: + +- 1) RTSP handling and processing client functions. +- 2) Multicast IGMP/MLD processing. +- 3) System information (SI) acquisition and management. +- 4) CAS/DRM control processing and client handling. +- 5) EPG acquisition and management. +- 6) Content protection. +- 7) DVR control functions. +- 8) Diagnostics. +- 9) SNMP handling/processing. +- 10) Closed captions processing. +- 11) Data handling based on DSM-CC data carousel/channel mapping. +- 12) Session/resource control. +- 13) Policy management. + +Clause 8 expands on these functional components by listing examples of capabilities involved in each area. + +### **6.2.3 IPTV content functions** + +The following are examples of IPTV content functions from Figure 3: + +- 1) Media/content acquisition. +- 2) Media/content encoding and encryption. +- 3) Media/content decoding and decryption. +- 4) Media/content multiplexing. +- 5) Media/content modulation. +- 6) Media/content storage. +- 7) Media/content rendering and display. +- 8) Media/content play control interaction. + +Clause 8 lists additional IPTV-related capabilities that will be supported by the IPTV service and client functions. These capabilities may be extensions of existing HFC network capabilities or separate platforms interworking with established HFC networks. + +### **6.2.4 Web services and third party applications** + +The following are examples of some web services and third party applications that may fall into the "web services and third party applications" functional block in Figure 3: + +- 1) third party applications (such as caller ID, web search, etc.). +- 2) Web services (e.g., Web 2.0 applications). + +### **6.2.5 OSS functions** + +The OSS functions include the mechanisms for provisioning, activating, controlling and managing the IPTV clients and the operator network (including IPTV services and applications, IPTV server functions, IPTV media/object delivery functions). Included are: + +- 1) Billing and accounting. +- 2) Subscriber profile databases and services management. +- 3) Subscriber resource management. +- 4) CPE management. + +### **6.2.6 Content sources** + +Content sources for video applications (including VOD) reside outside the operator network, and are acquired by the media/object delivery function within the secondary distribution network. + +### **6.2.7 Transport layer** + +The transport layer contains the mechanisms for managing network resources, as well as the components of the core network and access network. + +# **7 Relationship to existing secondary distribution networks** + +As service providers move to providing IPTV services over their networks, the co-existence of the new services with existing architectures and capabilities is of interest. In this clause, we examine the relationships between the IPTV framework and key service delivery and network technologies. + +## **7.1 Relationship to hybrid fibre/coax networks** + +Of primary importance to cable service providers is the relationship of the new IPTV services to HFC-based technologies. This clause examines several of these relationships. + +### **7.1.1 Relationship to existing video delivery architecture** + +It is very important to highlight the similarities and differences between existing video delivery architecture implementations (particularly those of HFC networks) to the IPTV framework being defined. The following diagrams and textual descriptions detail how to support IPTV services on existing video delivery architectures. + +Figure 4 represents the layout of typical existing video delivery architectures. Analogue or digital broadcast content is received at the head end from a content provider over broadcast content acquisition means and VOD content is received over a WAN (or other content distribution means such as satellite, etc.) from a VOD content provider. The content is then encoded, multiplexed and/or encrypted (if necessary) and distributed to a distribution hub by way of a content distribution network. The modulation functions provide RF content distribution of this content to the subscriber via the access network (HFC/DSL/PON/Ethernet). The subscriber premises contains an MPEG transport CPE which receives, decrypts, de-multiplexes and decodes the content (if necessary). CMTS and QPSK functions are provided by the existing video delivery architecture for bidirectional communication using DOCSIS DSG or similar OOB signalling capabilities. + +![Figure 4 – Typical existing video delivery architecture. This block diagram shows the flow of video content from providers through various management and processing stages to subscribers. It is divided into five vertical zones: Content providers, Head end, Distribution hub, Access network, and Subscriber. Content flows from providers (Analogue, Digital, VOD, EPG, etc.) through encoding, management, and modulation stages, eventually reaching subscribers via an access network. A legend at the bottom right defines the line colors: red for content, blue for RF modulated content, and green for high-speed data.](e64c7b989e5bdb2708cd7aefd18b06e1_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph "Content providers" + Analogue[Analogue Broadcast content acquisition primary] + Digital[Digital Broadcast content acquisition primary] + VOD_C[VOD content] + WAN[WAN primary] + EPG_P[EPG provider] + TA[Trusted authority] + Internet[Internet primary] + PSTN[PSTN] + VoIP[VoIP gateway] + end + + subgraph "Head end" + subgraph "Broadcast content management" + Encode --> Mux --> Encrypt + end + subgraph "VOD management" + VOD_Catcher[VOD catcher] + Pkg_Mgmt[Package management] + VOD_Playout[VOD playout] + Offer_Mgmt[Offer management] + VOD_Server[VOD server] + end + subgraph "Head end control" + Obj_Carousel[Object carousel] + SRM[SRM] + end + subgraph "Applications" + Third_Party[Third party apps] + PPV[PPV] + EAS[EAS] + EPG_App[EPG] + end + OSS_BSS[OSS/BSS] + CA[CA] + subgraph "HSD network" + DHCP[DHCP] + DNS[DNS] + end + end + + subgraph "Distribution hub" + CDN_Sec((Content distribution network secondary)) + Modulation[Modulation] + CMTS[CMTS] + QPSK[QPSK] + Hub_Ctrl[Hub control and narrowcast content management] + end + + subgraph "Access network" + Access_Cloud((HFC/DSL/PON/ Ethernet secondary)) + end + + subgraph "Subscriber" + CPE_Master[MPEG transport CPE master] + CPE_Clients[MPEG transport CPE clients] + end + + %% Connections + Analogue & Digital --> Encode + VOD_C --> WAN --> VOD_Catcher + Encrypt --> CDN_Sec + CDN_Sec --> Modulation + Modulation --> Access_Cloud + Access_Cloud --> CPE_Master & CPE_Clients + Internet --> HSD_network + VoIP --> HSD_network + +``` + +**Legend:** + +- Content (VOD and broadcast) +- RF modulated content +- High-speed data + +\* Note: This line could be IP-based transport. + +Figure 4 – Typical existing video delivery architecture. This block diagram shows the flow of video content from providers through various management and processing stages to subscribers. It is divided into five vertical zones: Content providers, Head end, Distribution hub, Access network, and Subscriber. Content flows from providers (Analogue, Digital, VOD, EPG, etc.) through encoding, management, and modulation stages, eventually reaching subscribers via an access network. A legend at the bottom right defines the line colors: red for content, blue for RF modulated content, and green for high-speed data. + +NOTE – This line could be IP-based transport, in which case, there should be a TS-IP converter within the broadcast content management function. + +J.700(09)\_F04 + +**Figure 4 – Typical existing video delivery architecture** + +Figure 5 represents typical existing video delivery architecture utilizing IPTV control capabilities to provide IPTV services. Analogue or digital broadcast content and VOD content is received at the head end from a content provider through content acquisition over primary distribution means. The content is then encoded, multiplexed and/or encrypted (if necessary) and distributed to a distribution hub by way of a content delivery network (CDN). The broadcast content is modulated in the modulation functions and carried via RF over the access network and to the subscriber. The broadcast and VOD content is also sent directly from the CDN to the access network and is conveyed to the subscriber via IP. The subscriber premises may contain hybrid CPEs or IP-only CPEs. The hybrid CPEs are capable of decrypting, de-multiplexing and decoding the RF video signals as well as interpreting the IP-based multimedia and content signals. The IP-only CPEs are not capable of viewing RF video signals. In a subscriber premises, a residential gateway (RG) may be required to disseminate content and signals to and from the CPEs in the subscriber premises. Figure 5, which shows a typical existing video delivery architecture with IPTV service, maps to the above Figure 3. + +- The block titled "broadcast content acquisition (primary)" maps to the "content sources" shown in Figure 3. +- The blocks titled "broadcast content management" and "modulation" map to the "IPTV content functions" shown in Figure 3. +- The block titled "VOD management" maps to VOD components of the "IPTV applications functions" shown in Figure 3. +- The block titled "applications" maps to "IPTV application functions" shown in Figure 3. +- The block titled "OSS/BSS" maps to the "OSS functions" block shown in Figure 3. +- The "access network" maps to the "transport layer" of Figure 3. +- The blocks titled "CA" and "head end control" map to the "IPTV service functions" of Figure 3. + +![A detailed block diagram of a typical existing video delivery architecture with IPTV service. The diagram is divided into five vertical sections: Content providers, Head end, Distribution hub, Access network, and Subscriber. Content providers include Analogue and Digital Broadcast content acquisition (primary), VOD content, EPG provider, Trusted authority, Internet (primary), and PSTN. The Head end contains Broadcast content management (Encode, Mux, Encrypt), VOD management (VOD catcher, Package management, VOD playout, Offer management, VOD server), Head end control (Object carousel, Database, SRM, CPE management, Subscriber services management), Applications (Third party apps, PPV, EAS, EPG), OSS/BSS, and CA. A note indicates a line from the Broadcast content management could be IP-based. The Distribution hub includes a Content distribution network (secondary), Modulation, RF MPTS, and HSD. The Access network is HFC/DSL/PON/Ethernet (secondary). Subscribers include SFU hybrid (Hybrid CPE master, Hybrid CPE clients), MDU IP (VDSL access mux, VDSL modem, RG, IP-only CPE clients, IP-only CPE master), and IP-only CPE clients. A legend defines the line types: Content (VOD and broadcast) in red, RF modulated content in blue, IP-based content in orange, and High-speed data in green.](5eb69662cc4fa7d0d49b4eb22951c204_img.jpg) + +A detailed block diagram of a typical existing video delivery architecture with IPTV service. The diagram is divided into five vertical sections: Content providers, Head end, Distribution hub, Access network, and Subscriber. Content providers include Analogue and Digital Broadcast content acquisition (primary), VOD content, EPG provider, Trusted authority, Internet (primary), and PSTN. The Head end contains Broadcast content management (Encode, Mux, Encrypt), VOD management (VOD catcher, Package management, VOD playout, Offer management, VOD server), Head end control (Object carousel, Database, SRM, CPE management, Subscriber services management), Applications (Third party apps, PPV, EAS, EPG), OSS/BSS, and CA. A note indicates a line from the Broadcast content management could be IP-based. The Distribution hub includes a Content distribution network (secondary), Modulation, RF MPTS, and HSD. The Access network is HFC/DSL/PON/Ethernet (secondary). Subscribers include SFU hybrid (Hybrid CPE master, Hybrid CPE clients), MDU IP (VDSL access mux, VDSL modem, RG, IP-only CPE clients, IP-only CPE master), and IP-only CPE clients. A legend defines the line types: Content (VOD and broadcast) in red, RF modulated content in blue, IP-based content in orange, and High-speed data in green. + +NOTE – This line could be IP-based transport, in which case, there should be a TS-IP converter within the broadcast content management function. + +J.700(09)\_F05 + +**Figure 5 – Typical existing video delivery architecture with IPTV service** + +The few new items necessary for operating an IPTV service highlighted in Figure 5 above are discussed below: + +- *Database, CPE management, subscriber services management* – The new functional blocks are used in the provisioning of services and subscribers within an IPTV system. CPE management manages and provisions the CPEs within the subscriber premises. The subscriber services management function manages the subscribers and the services associated with each. The database is used to manage and control the information required of the CPE management and subscriber services management functions. +- *STUN* – The simple traversal of user datagram protocol (UDP) behind a network address translator (NAT) is a network protocol that allows the CPE located behind the residential gateway (RG) containing a NAT to discover its public address, the type of NAT it is behind and the Internet side port associated by the NAT with a particular local port. This information is used to set up UDP communication between a host in the network and another one behind a NAT router. +- *RG* – The residential gateway is the router that is associated with each subscriber's premises. The RG is used to route information throughout multiple CPEs within the subscriber's home network and to communicate all signals into and out of the premises. +- *Hybrid CPE clients* – A CPE (such as a set-top box, PC, mobile device, etc.) that utilizes IP and RF as reception protocols. Content is delivered to the hybrid CPE by way of RF carriers or IP packets, over the same or different networks. The hybrid CPE clients may contact the hybrid CPE master to obtain content when the hybrid CPE master is the only device capable of recording or rendering content from the network. +- *Hybrid CPE master* – A CPE with master content recording and rendering functionality. The hybrid CPE master may be the only device within the subscriber premises that is capable of recording or rendering content from the network. A hybrid CPE client may then communicate with the hybrid CPE master to receive content. +- *IP-only CPE clients* – The same as the hybrid CPE clients, without the hybrid ability of allowing the CPE to receive and therefore decode and view RF signals. In other words, a CPE that utilizes IP only as reception protocol. +- *IP-only CPE Master* – The same as the hybrid CPE master, without the hybrid ability of allowing the CPE to receive and therefore decode and view RF signals. + +![A complex architectural diagram showing the relationship between video delivery architecture and service provider interfaces. It includes components like Content providers, Head end, Distribution hub, Access network, and various management systems (VOD, Broadcast, SPI, LASPI).](0b7849dae424b0dd33e6386d2384643a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the video delivery architecture and its interfaces across several functional domains: + +- Content providers:** + - Analogue:** Connected to the Head end's Broadcast content management (Encode, Mux, Encrypt). + - Digital Broadcast content acquisition (primary):** Connected to the Head end's Broadcast content management. + - VOD content:** Connected via a WAN (primary) to the VOD management system. + - EPG provider and Trusted authority:** Connected to the Internet (primary), which in turn connects to the SPI (Service Provider Interface) and VoIP gateway. + - PSTN:** Connected to a VoIP gateway, which connects to the SPI. +- Head end:** + - Broadcast content management:** Contains Encode, Mux, and Encrypt functions. It receives input from Analogue and Digital sources and sends Broadcast content to the Distribution hub. + - VOD management:** Contains VOD catcher, Package management, VOD playout, Offer management, and VOD server. It receives VOD content from the WAN and sends VOD to the Distribution hub. + - Head end control:** Contains Object carousel, Database, SRM, CPE management, and Subscriber services management. It is connected to the Broadcast content management, VOD management, and Applications. + - Applications:** Contains Third party apps, PPV, EAS, and EPG. It is connected to the Head end control and the HSD network. + - SPI (Service Provider Interface):** Contains Authentication, Access control, Content mgmt, Accounting, and User info mgmt. It is connected to the VOD management, OSS/BSS, CA, and the Internet/VoIP gateway. + - OSS/BSS and CA:** Connected to the Head end control and the SPI. +- Distribution hub:** + - Modulation:** Receives Broadcast content from the Head end and sends it to the Access network. + - RF MPTS:** Connected to the Modulation and the Access network. + - Content distribution network (secondary):** Connected to the Head end control and the Access network. + - HSD network:** Contains STUN, DHCP, and DNS. It is connected to the Applications and the Access network. +- Access network:** + - HFC/DSL/PON/Ethernet (secondary):** A central cloud-like component receiving Broadcast, VOD, and HSD from the Distribution hub. + - Subscriber SFU hybrid:** Connected to the Access network and the Hybrid CPE master. + - Hybrid CPE master and Hybrid CPE clients:** Connected to the Subscriber SFU hybrid. + - MDU IP:** Connected to the Access network and contains a VDSL access mux, VDSL modem, and RG. It is connected to IP-only CPE clients and an IP-only CPE master. +- LASPI (Layered Service Provider Interface):** + - Contains Svc mgmt, Svc execution, and Svc access. + - Connected to the Subscriber SFU hybrid. + +**Legend:** + +- Content (VOD and broadcast) - Red solid line +- RF modulated content - Blue solid line +- IP-based content - Yellow solid line +- High-speed data - Green solid line +- Service delivery and control - Red dashed line + +**NOTE – This line could be IP-based transport, in which case, there should be a TS-IP converter within the broadcast content management function.** + +A complex architectural diagram showing the relationship between video delivery architecture and service provider interfaces. It includes components like Content providers, Head end, Distribution hub, Access network, and various management systems (VOD, Broadcast, SPI, LASPI). + +**Figure 6 – Relationship between video delivery architecture and service provider interface** + +Figure 6 represents relationships between the video delivery architecture illustrated in Figure 5 and two types of service provision interfaces, which are the service provider interface at the head end side and the interface in the subscriber environment for local application and services. The service provider interface at the head end will enable service providers to offer their content or services over cable operators' networks through the interface. The interface for local applications and services is also a kind of service delivery platform which resides within a home network to provide programming interfaces and functionalities to enable service providers and third party entities to deliver advanced and innovative applications and services to subscribers over a home network. The interface for local applications and services will communicate and interwork with the functionalities enabled by the service provider interface at the head end to create more value for customers and the service provider. + +CPE-specific functionalities over an existing video delivery architecture and an IPTV service on existing video delivery architecture are compared below: + +![Figure 7: Client devices in an IPTV-enabled network. This diagram illustrates the network architecture for IPTV delivery. On the left, a 'Head end' connects to an 'IP network' cloud. The 'IP network' connects to an 'HFC / FTTx' node. Above the HFC/FTTx node, there are several input paths: 'Analogue' (Broadcast/VOD content), 'QPSK modulation' (QPSK OOB signalling), 'DSG tunnelling' (DSG signalling), 'DOCSIS' (Multicast signalling), and 'QAM modulation' (QAM content). The 'HFC / FTTx' node is connected to various client devices on the right: 'MPEG transport CPE' (receiving QAM content and QPSK OOB signalling), 'Hybrid CPE #1' (receiving QAM content, DSG IP content, and DSG signalling), 'Hybrid CPE #2' (receiving QAM content, DOCSIS IP content, and Multicast signalling), 'Hybrid CPE #3' (receiving QAM content, IP content, and Multicast signalling), and 'Hybrid CPE #4' (receiving QAM content over PON, IP content, Multicast signalling, or QPSK OOB signalling). Below the HFC/FTTx node, an 'IP network' cloud connects to a 'DSL/PON' cloud, which in turn connects to an 'RG' (Router/Gateway). The 'RG' is connected to 'IP-only CPE #2' (receiving DOCSIS IP content and Multicast signalling) and 'IP-only CPE #1' (receiving IP content and Multicast signalling). Solid, bold lines represent content or HSD flow, while dotted lines represent signalling and interactive communications paths. The diagram is labeled 'J.700(09)_F07' at the bottom right.](834fb96b114b8fdc001625e1ae28e8b1_img.jpg) + +Figure 7: Client devices in an IPTV-enabled network. This diagram illustrates the network architecture for IPTV delivery. On the left, a 'Head end' connects to an 'IP network' cloud. The 'IP network' connects to an 'HFC / FTTx' node. Above the HFC/FTTx node, there are several input paths: 'Analogue' (Broadcast/VOD content), 'QPSK modulation' (QPSK OOB signalling), 'DSG tunnelling' (DSG signalling), 'DOCSIS' (Multicast signalling), and 'QAM modulation' (QAM content). The 'HFC / FTTx' node is connected to various client devices on the right: 'MPEG transport CPE' (receiving QAM content and QPSK OOB signalling), 'Hybrid CPE #1' (receiving QAM content, DSG IP content, and DSG signalling), 'Hybrid CPE #2' (receiving QAM content, DOCSIS IP content, and Multicast signalling), 'Hybrid CPE #3' (receiving QAM content, IP content, and Multicast signalling), and 'Hybrid CPE #4' (receiving QAM content over PON, IP content, Multicast signalling, or QPSK OOB signalling). Below the HFC/FTTx node, an 'IP network' cloud connects to a 'DSL/PON' cloud, which in turn connects to an 'RG' (Router/Gateway). The 'RG' is connected to 'IP-only CPE #2' (receiving DOCSIS IP content and Multicast signalling) and 'IP-only CPE #1' (receiving IP content and Multicast signalling). Solid, bold lines represent content or HSD flow, while dotted lines represent signalling and interactive communications paths. The diagram is labeled 'J.700(09)\_F07' at the bottom right. + +Figure 7 – Client devices in an IPTV-enabled network + +In Figure 7, solid, bold lines indicate content or HSD flow. Dotted lines represent signalling and interactive communications paths. For example, notice in hybrid CPE #1, the CPE is receiving content from the QAM and content/HSD from the DSG CMTS; it is also receiving DSG OOB signalling from the DSG CMTS and is interacting two-way with the head end. + +#### - *MPEG transport CPE* + +An MPEG transport CPE is seen in Figures 4 and 7 as the currently deployed technology in many existing video delivery network architectures. This MPEG transport CPE can receive broadcast and on-demand content from a video delivery network that supports the CPE. In + +an existing HFC network, the MPEG transport CPE is often represented by a set-top box with a coax connection for receiving MPEG transport video via an HFC network. Many MPEG transport CPEs utilize bidirectional communications to and from the distribution hub by way of DOCSIS or DAVIC communications. The MPEG transport CPE of Figure 7 represents a CPE that uses OOB signalling provided by the QPSK as its signalling path and receives broadcast and VOD content from the QAM modulator. The assumption is that the CPE is not multicast-enabled. + +#### - *IP-only CPE* + +An IP-only CPE is only capable of receiving content in IP form. No reception of RF modulated content is supported and the IP-only CPE must reside in an IP-based network, where it functions much like a network device with the capability of receiving video streams. The IP-only CPEs in Figure 7 represent CPEs behind an RG that receive only IP content and multicast signalling provided by the IP network, whether that network be an HFC network providing IP content over DOCSIS (IP-only CPE #2) or a DSL/PON network providing IP Content (IP-only CPE #1). + +#### - *Hybrid CPE* + +A hybrid CPE should support one of the following access methods: + +- 1) Dual network access via a video delivery network and a different IP-based network. The video delivery network may consist of any of the following for conveying broadcast media streams: + - a) Hybrid fibre/coax. + - b) Terrestrial. + - c) Satellite. + - d) xDSL. + - e) FTTx. + - f) Wireless. + +This is by no means an exhaustive list, and any network that can be utilized for video delivery may be used as the "video delivery network". An IP-based network is utilized for receiving IP-based video streams and for bidirectional communication. + +Hybrid CPEs #3 and #4 in Figure 7 represent clients equipped with both a QAM tuner and an IP interface. Hybrid CPEs #3 and #4 can receive content (e.g., broadcast content and VOD) through both the QAM tuner (over HFC or a PON network) and an IP interface. It is assumed that these CPEs are multicast-enabled, therefore they are able to receive signalling over multicast via the IP interface. In the case of hybrid CPE #4, instead of signalling over multicast via IP, the CPE can use OOB signalling provided by the QPSK as its signalling path. The assumption is that these CPEs are behind an RG device. + +- 2) Dual network access via only one video delivery network over one physical interface. The RF and IP traffic is carried on the same network while utilizing different communication protocols. The RF technology of the existing video delivery network in the CPE allows for the reception of modulated content (from the QAM tuners). The IP functionality supported on the CPE allows it to receive IP-encapsulated content, IP signalling and perform interactive communication with the head end. + +Hybrid CPE #1 in Figure 7 represents a special case of DSG CPE that could be multicast-enabled. In a scenario such as this, the provider is leveraging an existing video delivery architecture that already supports DSG signalling. In such a case, hybrid CPE #1 would continue to receive its signalling via DSG but is also able to join lightweight content (e.g., gaming, chat, etc.) via multicast over a channel provided by DSG while continuing to receive its broadcast or VOD content via QAMs. + +Hybrid CPE #2 in Figure 7 represents a CPE equipped with both a QAM tuner and an embedded cable modem (eCM) that is DOCSIS capable. Hybrid CPEs #2 can receive content through both QAM and DOCSIS. It is assumed that this CPE is multicast-enabled, therefore is able to receive its signalling over multicast. + +### 7.1.2 QoS support by DOCSIS and IPCablecom multimedia + +Figure 8 shows how digital video systems would co-exist with IPTV delivery systems. In this figure, IPTV takes the CMTS path to reach the CPE while the existing video delivery takes the native MPEG QAM path. The CMTS can either be an integrated CMTS or a modular CMTS which has CMTS core and DOCSIS QAM in separated devices. The components involved in delivering an IP-based video service should negotiate and establish QoS using IPCablecom multimedia [ITU-T J.179]. + +IP connectivity through the CMTS to the CPE over the HFC network can be provided by the basic DOCSIS capability as defined in [ITU-T J.112]. However, DOCSIS QoS mechanisms defined in [ITU-T J.112 Annex B] will allow the MSOs to offer a much more robust IPTV service. Therefore, it is recommended that this later version of DOCSIS, also known as DOCSIS 1.1, be used in an HFC IPTV environment. This version of DOCSIS is also required for use with IPCablecom multimedia. + +![Figure 8: Interaction with DOCSIS and IPCablecom multimedia. The diagram illustrates the flow of IPTV and native video services from content sources through an IP network and CMTS to a home network via an HFC network.](67d03c9e89620d73e3786c869e559752_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the interaction between IPTV and native video delivery systems. On the left, content sources (Content storage, Content processing, and Content encryption) feed into an IP network cloud. The IP network connects to a CMTS and Native MPEG edge QAMs. The CMTS is connected to a PCMM policy server and an IPTV service control. The IPTV service control sends PCMM signalling to the PCMM policy server and Video signalling to the Home network. The CMTS also sends PCMM signalling to the Home network. The Native MPEG edge QAMs feed into an HFC network cloud, which connects to a CM (Cable Modem) and a CPE (Cable Television Equipment) within the Home network. The CM and CPE are connected to each other and to the HFC network. + +Figure 8: Interaction with DOCSIS and IPCablecom multimedia. The diagram illustrates the flow of IPTV and native video services from content sources through an IP network and CMTS to a home network via an HFC network. + +Figure 8 – Interaction with DOCSIS and IPCablecom multimedia + +#### 7.1.2.1 Interaction with IPCablecom multimedia + +The currently defined mechanism is a push-policy method where the session and resource manager (SRM) would request QoS on behalf of the client using the protocols defined by IPCablecom. + +By leveraging IPCablecom multimedia, the network is able to adapt to the resource requirements of not only IPTV, but also other applications which request QoS through the IPCablecom multimedia framework. The IPCablecom framework allows both a policy server and CMTS to make decisions on whether or not to allow a request for QoS. The policy server decisions are based on an extensive rule set provisioned by the operator. These rules can be based on business (e.g., billing), network resources (e.g., acceptable percentage of total bandwidth), time-of-day, etc. The CMTS decisions are based, in real time, on the amount of bandwidth available on the access network and, in some cases, the amount of bandwidth available to the application requesting it. + +This authentication and admission control provided by IPCablecom multimedia is necessary to ensure a robust, high quality experience for the end user of IPTV services. + +#### 7.1.2.2 DOCSIS support for flexible bandwidth management + +Just as hybrid CPEs enable cable operators to migrate from existing video delivery to IPTV, DOCSIS M-CMTS networks ease this migration from the network side. With DOCSIS M-CMTS and universal QAMs (QAMs that can be configured as DOCSIS QAMs or native MPEG QAMs), DOCSIS IPTV and existing video delivery may share the same QAM resource pool. A QAM channel is allocated to either DOCSIS or native MPEG dynamically. The mechanisms for the physical transmission characteristics of the QAM, timing requirements and dynamic channel assignment are defined in [b-ITU-T J.210], [b-ITU-T J.211] and [b-ITU-T J.212]. QAM dynamic sharing decreases the bandwidth requirement on the HFC network to support IPTV and legacy video delivery simultaneously. + +To facilitate QAM sharing, a new network entity called edge resource manager (ERM) may be introduced to the architecture. The DOCSIS M-CMTS ERMI specification [b-CableLabs ERMI] defines the functionality of an ERM. The following steps happen for an M-CMTS core to obtain QAM resources for DOCSIS service: + +- ERM discovers QAM resources and their capability through CableLabs M-CMTS ERMI DOCSIS resource registration protocol (DRRP) interface automatically. +- The M-CMTS core allocates QAM resources through the ERM via CableLabs M-CMTS ERMI resource allocation interface. +- The M-CMTS core establishes a tunnel to the remote QAM through CableLabs M-CMTS downstream external PHY interface (DEPI). + +While a native video session resource manager allocates video session bandwidth directly through ERM, the IPTV video session manager will negotiate QoS for the IPTV session via protocols defined by IPCablecom as described in clause 7.1.2.1. + +#### 7.1.2.3 DOCSIS support for channel bonding + +A narrow-band DOCSIS channel has a bandwidth limitation of a single QAM. The discrete nature of video session bandwidth in terms of SD, HD and the limited QAM bandwidth causes limited stream packing efficiency. In some cases where the available bandwidth in the service area is adequate for a single HD stream, the HD stream request may still be rejected because no individual QAM channel has the bandwidth to support that HD stream. + +DOCSIS 3.0 [b-ITU-T J.222.2] introduces channel bonding, which allows multiple QAM channels to be bonded to serve as a single logical channel. When IPTV is delivered over a bonded channel of 4, 8, 16 and even 24 QAM channels, the bit packing efficiency is improved and denial of service due to insufficient bandwidth will be reduced. + +### 7.1.3 Relationship to IPCablecom2 + +This clause describes the relationship between the IPTV and IPCablecom2 network architectures. + +The relationship between these two architectures is illustrated in Figure 9. The broadband services domain in Figure 9 shows the functional architecture of the IPTV system as described in clause 5. It contains an IPTV application-y which, together with the IPTV service and content functions, provides applications such as electronic programme guide (EPG) or video on demand (VOD) to the video client via signalling control interfaces [2], [4] and [14]. Video content is provided by the IPTV content functions to the client via [3] and [13]. + +Figure 9 introduces a new entity called the service/control gateway that will handle interworking between the broadband services domain and the IPCablecom2 domain. This service/control gateway provides interworking for application-level interactions as well as control-plane interactions. + +The IPCablecom2 domain contains an application-x which utilizes the common service delivery functions of the core network to provide applications such as caller identity display (CID) to the client device via signalling control interfaces [11], [9] and [12]. Video content may be provided directly by application-x to the client via interfaces [10] and [13], or be provided by the IPTV content functions through coordination between application-x and the broadband services domain through the service/control gateway. + +Depending on the specific services being delivered, application-x and application-y can operate independently of each other or they can collaborate to provide an integrated service experience to the user. Applications x and y can collaborate through the service/control gateway using interfaces [1] and [15]. Session interworking is provided via the service/control gateway using signalling control interfaces [7] and [6]. + +The resource management function controls the allocation of QoS resources in the transport layer, based on instructions received via [8] from the P-CSCF in the IPCablecom2 domain, or via [5] from the IPTV service functions in the broadband services domain. + +![A complex network diagram showing the relationship between an IPTV application in the IPCablecom2 domain and one in the Broadband services domain. It includes layers for the Operator network (IPTV applications, Core with HSS/S-CSCF/I-CSCF/P-CSCF, Service/control gateway, IPTV content/service functions), Transport layer (Resource management), and Customer network (IP access network with DOCSIS, FTTx, wireless, CMTS, and various video clients). Numbered arrows (1-15) indicate different types of signaling and content flows between these components.](38cbce07f83fba6d5a7c46605bd5743f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the architecture and signaling relationships for IPTV services across two domains: **IPCablecom2 domain** and **Broadband services domain**. + +- Operator network:** + - IPCablecom2 domain:** Contains **IPTV application-x**, which connects to a **Core** cloud. The Core cloud includes **HSS**, **S-CSCF**, **I-CSCF**, and **P-CSCF**. + - Broadband services domain:** Contains **IPTV application-y**, which connects to a cloud of **IPTV content functions** and **IPTV service functions**. + - A central **Service/control gateway** is connected to both **IPTV application-x** and **IPTV application-y**. +- Transport layer:** + - Contains a **Resource management** block. + - A vertical line labeled **3** (Transport layer) connects the Service/control gateway to the Resource management block. +- Customer network:** + - Contains an **IP access network (DOCSIS, FTTx, wireless)** cloud, which includes a **CMTS**. + - The CMTS is connected to the Resource management block via a vertical line labeled **10**. + - Below the CMTS, three vertical lines labeled **12**, **13**, and **14** lead to various **Video clients** (represented by icons of a phone, TV, mobile phone, and laptop). + +**Signaling and Content Flows (Numbered Arrows):** + +- 1, 6:** Signaling between IPTV application-y and Service/control gateway. +- 2:** Signaling between IPTV application-y and IPTV content functions. +- 3:** Transport layer connection between Service/control gateway and Resource management. +- 4, 5:** Signaling between IPTV content functions and Resource management. +- 7:** Signaling between Service/control gateway and Core (S-CSCF). +- 8:** Signaling between Core (P-CSCF) and Resource management. +- 9:** Signaling between Core (I-CSCF) and Resource management. +- 10:** Connection between Resource management and CMTS. +- 11:** Signaling between IPTV application-x and Core (HSS). +- 12, 13, 14:** Connections from CMTS to video clients. +- 15:** Signaling between IPTV application-x and Service/control gateway. + +**Legend:** + +- IPCablecom2 signalling/control:** Represented by a solid line with a single arrowhead. +- Broadband signalling/control:** Represented by a dashed line with a single arrowhead. +- Content:** Represented by a solid line with double arrowheads. + +J.700(09)\_F09 + +A complex network diagram showing the relationship between an IPTV application in the IPCablecom2 domain and one in the Broadband services domain. It includes layers for the Operator network (IPTV applications, Core with HSS/S-CSCF/I-CSCF/P-CSCF, Service/control gateway, IPTV content/service functions), Transport layer (Resource management), and Customer network (IP access network with DOCSIS, FTTx, wireless, CMTS, and various video clients). Numbered arrows (1-15) indicate different types of signaling and content flows between these components. + +**Figure 9 – Relationship with IPCablecom2** + +## 7.2 Relationship to optical fibre-based access network configurations + +Figure 10 illustrates the way that IP-enhanced broadcasting services may be delivered over several types of access network configurations in comparison to an HFC access network. + +![Figure 10: Variations of optical fibre-based access network configurations for IP-enhanced broadcasting. The diagram shows a central 'Core IP network (CDN)' connected to various access network types. On the left, a 'Video transport network (Primary distribution)' receives inputs from 'Nationwide broadcasting', 'Satellite broadcasting', 'PEG / local content', and a 'VOD content server' via a 'Head end'. The head end connects to the CDN through an 'S-CSCF' and an 'IP Multicast server'. The CDN also connects to a 'Server segment (IP network)' with 'VOD content server (IP)' and 'portal server', and to the 'Internet'. From the CDN, four access network paths are shown: 1) 'Type 3 fibre (RF-PON)' via a 'WDM' and 'Node' to a 'Splitter', then to a 'Subscriber' unit containing 'V-ONU', 'RG', 'LAN', 'STB', 'TV', 'PC', 'IP-STB', and 'eMTA'. 2) 'Type 2 fibre (RFoG)' via a 'WDM' and 'Node' to a 'Splitter', then to a 'Subscriber' unit containing 'RFoG ONU', 'CM/RG', 'LAN', 'STB', 'TV', 'PC', 'IP-STB', and 'eMTA'. 3) 'Type 1 coaxial (HFC)' via a 'WDM' and 'Node' to a 'Coaxial cable' and 'Node', then to a 'Subscriber' unit containing 'CM/RG', 'LAN', 'STB', 'TV', 'PC', 'IP-STB', and 'eMTA'. 4) 'Type 4 Other access network' via 'Optical fibre' to an 'ONU', 'HGW', 'LAN', 'IP-STB', 'TV', and 'PC'. A 'Secondary distribution' path is also indicated at the top.](01e00200a536673d6cd0e6d8705047a0_img.jpg) + +Figure 10: Variations of optical fibre-based access network configurations for IP-enhanced broadcasting. The diagram shows a central 'Core IP network (CDN)' connected to various access network types. On the left, a 'Video transport network (Primary distribution)' receives inputs from 'Nationwide broadcasting', 'Satellite broadcasting', 'PEG / local content', and a 'VOD content server' via a 'Head end'. The head end connects to the CDN through an 'S-CSCF' and an 'IP Multicast server'. The CDN also connects to a 'Server segment (IP network)' with 'VOD content server (IP)' and 'portal server', and to the 'Internet'. From the CDN, four access network paths are shown: 1) 'Type 3 fibre (RF-PON)' via a 'WDM' and 'Node' to a 'Splitter', then to a 'Subscriber' unit containing 'V-ONU', 'RG', 'LAN', 'STB', 'TV', 'PC', 'IP-STB', and 'eMTA'. 2) 'Type 2 fibre (RFoG)' via a 'WDM' and 'Node' to a 'Splitter', then to a 'Subscriber' unit containing 'RFoG ONU', 'CM/RG', 'LAN', 'STB', 'TV', 'PC', 'IP-STB', and 'eMTA'. 3) 'Type 1 coaxial (HFC)' via a 'WDM' and 'Node' to a 'Coaxial cable' and 'Node', then to a 'Subscriber' unit containing 'CM/RG', 'LAN', 'STB', 'TV', 'PC', 'IP-STB', and 'eMTA'. 4) 'Type 4 Other access network' via 'Optical fibre' to an 'ONU', 'HGW', 'LAN', 'IP-STB', 'TV', and 'PC'. A 'Secondary distribution' path is also indicated at the top. + +NOTE – This drawing exemplifies PON-based IP networks. + +J.700(09)\_F10 + +**Figure 10 – Variations of optical fibre-based access network configurations for IP-enhanced broadcasting** + +Type 1 (coaxial): This is the most typical access network configuration for cable television systems referred to as HFC. An optical fibre, within a trunk line from a head end, is connected to a node where an optical signal is converted into an RF electrical signal, and it is forwarded over coaxial cables constituting the last access means to the home. The RF signal may contain video, DOCSIS IP downstream and upstream, OOB, and so on. In the home, a cable modem (with a residential gateway) connected to the coaxial cable handles DOCSIS IP packets to create an Ethernet LAN inside the home, called an IP home network. An STB, which is connected to the coaxial cable, directly receives and plays back RF-modulated video signals transferred from the head end. The STB may also be able to receive IP-based video content and communicate with other devices in the home through the LAN connection. An IP-only STB is connected to the LAN, and receives IP-based video content and communicates with IP-capable devices within the home. An eMTA is also connected to the coaxial cable, and provides telephony capability to subscribers. + +Type 2 (fibre): This is one of fibre to the premises (FTTP) or fibre to the home (FTTH) means, also referred to as RF over glass (RFoG), that extends the optical fibre segment of the HFC system to the customer premises. In this system, downstream (RF video and DOCSIS IP downstream) and upstream (DOCSIS IP upstream) RF signals are multiplexed in different wavelengths such as 1550 nm for downstream and 1590 nm (or 1610 nm) for upstream, respectively. The ONU converts the optical traffic to RF signals over the coaxial cable, and vice versa. This system enables cable operators to achieve the bandwidth advantages of optical fibre without changes to the existing equipments in the head end or home. + +Type 3 (fibre): This can be considered as a mixed approach of RF over optical fibre and PON. The downstream RF video signals are conveyed over the 1550 nm wavelength. Unlike the RFoG case, PON techniques such as GPON or GEAPON transfer RF video signals, IP downstream packets and IP upstream packets over three different wavelengths. The WDM device in the head end combines the video traffic (1550 nm) and IP downstream traffic (1490 nm) to send them in the fibre, and receives IP upstream traffic (1310 nm) from the fibre. The V-ONU (video ONU) at the side of the house converts the 1550 nm optical signal to an RF video signal that is fed to the STB and the 1490 nm signal to downstream Ethernet traffic, and converts the upstream Ethernet traffic from the home devices, including the STB, to 1310 nm wavelength optical signals. + +Type 4 (other access network): This is a typical IP access network, e.g., PON-based FTTP/FTTH, media converter FTTH, DSL. In the optical fibre case, IP downstream and upstream are typically multiplexed in 1490 nm and 1310 nm, respectively. This system conveys all kinds of data such as video signals, high speed data, voice and return traffic by IP packets over the IP content delivery network (CDN) and IP-based access networks. Video distribution over this type of network is referred to as pure IPTV, whose architecture is detailed in [ITU-T Y.1910]. + +A combined approach, for example, of type 1 and type 4 might be possible to provide enhanced broadcasting services to cable television subscribers, where two physical lines, i.e., coaxial cable and optical fibre, are both connected to the home. In this case, a RF-modulated QAM signal is conveyed over the coaxial cable and PON-based IP packets are transported through the fibre, and almost the same configuration of home devices (after V-ONU) as that of type 3 would apply, where coaxial cable is connected to the STB to receive the television signal and Ethernet is connected to the RG to constitute an IP home network. + +# 8 Functional architecture: detailed component descriptions + +In this clause, we examine the functionalities of the IPTV framework defined in this Recommendation in more detail. + +Figure 11 illustrates the functional components of the IPTV system for cable-based secondary distribution based on the more generic architecture shown in Figure 3. In Figure 11, the most general functional areas are the shaded regions. Some general functional areas have more detailed functional groupings represented by boxes with dotted line notation. The internal boxes drawn with solid lines represent functional blocks. For example, IPTV service functions is a general functional area that includes both functional blocks (e.g., service control) and more detailed function groupings (session/resource/policy control). Each functional block shown is described in detail in subsequent clauses according to their functional groupings. + +![A detailed functional architecture diagram for IPTV, showing layers from content sources and third-party services down to the network and customer premises equipment (CPE).](dbd074feb5cce1300f42f91da8f673d1_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IPTV functional components, organized into several functional blocks: + +- Third party Web services and applications:** Includes Caller Id, Web search, Web 2.0, and Other. +- OSS functions:** Includes Accounting management, Security management, Configuration management, Performance management, and Fault management. +- Content sources:** Includes Linear/broadcast content, VOD content, and Other content (e.g. EPG). +- IPTV application functions:** + - Applications (including convergence):** Includes EAS, OSD GUI, and EPG. + - Security admin.** +- Content admin.:** + - Content ingest/acquire admin.:** Includes Ad admin. + - Broadcast video admin.** + - Video asset admin.** +- Content applications:** Includes Network DVR, PPV, and VOD. +- IPTV service functions:** + - Middleware functions:** Includes Service management (Secure download, TFTP) and Service control. + - Security functions:** Includes CAS/DRM/ASD. + - Session/resource/policy control:** Includes Session control, Policy control, and Resource control. +- IPTV content functions:** + - Content acquisition and management:** Includes Content ingest/acquire, Encrypt, Ad mgmt, Content storage, Multiplex, Encode/transcode, and Video asset mgmt. + - Content delivery:** Includes Delivery control, Statmux groom/splice, Modulate, Stream/deliver, and Ad delivery. +- Network functions:** + - Network control functions:** Includes Network admission control, Network resource control, IP address allocation and name resolution, NAT/firewall traversal, and Network security. + - Non-HFC access network:** Includes Non-HFC termination (FTTx, DSL, BPL, etc.) and Edge function. + - Core network:** Includes Core transport. + - HFC access network:** Includes CMTS and HFC termination. +- Customer (IP home network) functions:** + - IPTV terminal functions:** Includes Functional CPE (App client, Service client, Content client) and Examples of CPE (IP-STB, PC, Storage, Media device, Media server, Storage, Hybrid STB). + - eSTB:** Includes Cable STB, Storage, and eCable modem. + - Home network (wired or wireless):** Includes Residential gateway and Cable modem. + +A detailed functional architecture diagram for IPTV, showing layers from content sources and third-party services down to the network and customer premises equipment (CPE). + +J.700(09)\_F11 + +Figure 11 – IPTV functional components + +## 8.1 IPTV application functions + +The IPTV application functions include the mechanisms required to define and deliver IPTV services to the subscriber. + +### 8.1.1 Applications + +The applications that are grouped within application functions interact with the application client on the CPE to support desired IPTV services including the following shown in Figure 11: + +- Electronic programme guide (EPG). +- On-screen display graphical user interface (OSD GUI). +- Emergency alert system (EAS). + +Other applications may include converged triple-play (voice, video and data) applications and delivery of web-based applications and content. + +### 8.1.2 Security administration + +Mechanisms for IPTV security administration should support authenticating user identity, securing content for distribution, administering digital rights management, providing copy protection and providing distribution control. + +This functional block, in conjunction with subscriber management functionality in the service control functional block, administers access to content, administers pre-encryption of content and manages keys for control of real-time access to content. + +### 8.1.3 Content administration + +IPTV applications require a functional grouping for administration of content. The functional blocks included in content administration include: + +- Content ingest/acquisition administration: This functional block enables the administration and set-up of content ingestion and acquisition. This administration functional block enables the set-up of A/V content ingestion from a variety of sources, including off-air, satellite, file transfer, etc., and interfaces with the "content ingest/acquire" functional block to control the actual ingestion and acquisition of said content. +- Broadcast video administration: This functional block provides capabilities to administer, set up and maintain broadcast video functionality. It interacts with the "content delivery" functional grouping to control the actual delivery of content to the network (including functions such as streaming and channel switching). +- Advertisement administration: This functional block includes the administrative application aspects of implementing targeted and personalized advertisements. All of the functions that are done prior to the real-time delivery and reporting of advertisements are included here. + +Support for ad insertion is covered well in standards such as [ITU-T J.181], [ITU-T J.280] and [b-ANSI/SCTE 118], and these standards apply to IPTV services. These references include the definition of how "avail" inventory sales and management is administered, how ad "spot" metadata is created, and how advertising traffic and billing functions are administered. These functions are included in advertisement administration. + +- Video asset administration: This functional block includes administrative functions to prepare VOD content in advance of delivery. This includes capabilities such as tagging, pre-encryption, PiP generation and watermarking. + +### 8.1.4 Content applications + +An important category of IPTV applications are those that provide personalized or per-subscriber access to content. These can be categorized into the following functional blocks: + +- Video on demand (VOD): VOD applications provide subscribers with the ability to access, through real-time requests, content that they are authorized to access. +- Network digital video recorder (DVR): Network DVR supports the ability of the subscriber to store available content for later viewing. This may be content from the subscriber domain, or broadcast content captured specifically for the subscriber. +- Pay per view (PPV): PPV is similar to VOD, but also requires support for per-access charging. + +Applications in this functional group interact with the capabilities in IPTV service functions and content functions. The application presentation is delivered to the application client on the CPE terminal device. + +## 8.2 Third party web services and applications + +A separate functional area is defined for applications outside of the IPTV framework defined here. External applications may originate from within or outside of the operator's domain and may interact with the IPTV application functions in addition to the application client of the CPE. Alternatively, the interaction may be just between the CPE's application client and the third party web services and applications servers directly. Such applications may include: + +- Voice applications such as caller ID over IPCablecom. +- Standard web-based applications such as web search. +- Advanced interactive web applications. + +Although covered in the framework, third party web services and applications may also be used for enhanced IPTV services including programme search and delivery and interactive electronic programme guides (EPGs). + +## 8.3 IPTV service functions + +IPTV service functions provide building blocks such as middleware, security and control mechanisms required for IPTV services. + +### 8.3.1 Middleware functions + +Middleware Functions provide support for delivery of middleware-based applications (for example, ITU-T J.20x-series-based application services) to the service client functional block of the CPE terminal device. Middleware functions are part of the IPTV service functions. GEM 1.2 is the ITU-T recommended middleware for this functional block where the execution engine approach is used (see [ITU-T J.200] for more information on the execution engine approach). [ITU-T J.201] is appropriate for this functional block where the presentation engine approach is used. + +#### 8.3.1.1 GEM overview + +Globally executable multimedia home platform (GEM) specifies the common core across OCAP [b-CableLabs OCAP 1.1] and MHP [b-ETSI TS 102 590]. It represents the overlap between the MHP and OCAP standards for interactive television. It is a formally standardized Java-based platform for interactive content and applications. GEM has been standardized by ETSI and ITU, and adopted by DVB, CableLabs, ARIB, ATSC and the Blu-ray Disc Association. + +For further information about GEM's role in IPTV support, see the GEM white paper [b-DVB GEM-IPTV]. + +Figure 12 shows the relationship of GEM to MHP and OCAP at a high level. + +![Diagram showing the relationship of GEM to MHP and OCAP. A rectangle is divided into three vertical sections. The left section is labeled 'MHP' and has diagonal hatching. The middle section is labeled 'GEM' and has a cross-hatch pattern. The right section is labeled 'OCAP' and has diagonal hatching. Above the rectangle, the text 'MHP, OCAP and GEM' is centered. Below the rectangle, the text 'J.700(09)_F12' is centered.](b898dcb574f08ea237dd3326abecd185_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the relationship of GEM to MHP and OCAP. A rectangle is divided into three vertical sections. The left section is labeled 'MHP' and has diagonal hatching. The middle section is labeled 'GEM' and has a cross-hatch pattern. The right section is labeled 'OCAP' and has diagonal hatching. Above the rectangle, the text 'MHP, OCAP and GEM' is centered. Below the rectangle, the text 'J.700(09)\_F12' is centered. + +**Figure 12 – Relationship of GEM to MHP and OCAP** + +#### 8.3.1.2 Required features in GEM 1.2 + +GEM 1.2 [ETSI TS 102 543], a revised version of GEM as referenced in [ITU-T J.202], provides a set of interfaces and semantic guarantees for binary interoperability of applications between different receiver specifications and/or standards. This version of GEM is required for IPTV services. Table 1 shows features added in GEM 1.2 beyond those defined in [ITU-T J.202]. + +**Table 1 – New features in GEM 1.2** + +| Feature | Explanation | +|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Personal basis profile 1.1 | Provides up-to-date well-defined profile as well as support for jar not previously available. Includes support for IPv6. | +| Generic encryption support | This requires the Java cryptography extension (JCE), which is optional in personal basis profile (PBP) 1.1, to be mandatory. JCE provides a simple and common API for encryption/decryption.
(J2ME Security (JCE) Optional Package, which is part of JSR-000219 Foundation Profile 1.1) | +| Plug-in API and infrastructure | Provides the ability to process and render content types other than those defined in MHP and to embed Java TV Xlets within other content types. | +| Storage of applications in the receiver | Provides the ability to store a service with multiple applications in the persistent memory of a GEM terminal. This reduces start-up time for commonly accessed applications. | +| Loading of applications via the return channel | Provides the ability to signal and transport the application information table (AIT) and applications over the return channel. | +| Multiple tuner and video decoder support | Provides the ability to tune via multiple network interfaces (or tuners) and to utilize multiple video decoders. | +| Persistent storage size requirement increase | Increases the required persistent storage for GEM receivers from 4 kbit/s to 128 kbit/s. | +| PSI-only services | Provides the ability for an application to tune to video that is not listed in the SI information. These hidden video streams are useful for applications such as "mosaics" and multiple camera angle applications. | +| JAXP XML parsing API | Provides the most commonly used XML parsing API. Highly useful to most applications due to XML's popularity. | +| Additional user preference for fine-grained addresses | Provides a more fine-grained user address than was present in MHP 1.0.3 (ETSI ES 201 812 v1.1.2). | +| Improved persistent storage management | Improved mechanism for managing persistent storage. | +| Access to removable file systems | New mechanism in MHP 1.1.1 (ETSI TS 102 812 v1.2.2) for accessing removable storage. | + +**Table 1 – New features in GEM 1.2** + +| Feature | Explanation | +|-------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Synchronized auxiliary data | Preferred alternative mechanism to normal play time (NPT). | +| IP-based protocol mapping to support IPTV | Protocol-independent mapping of various IP protocols including RTSP, IGMP/MLD, UDP and service discovery and selection (SD&S). | +| GEM IPTV application | Support VOD, NVOD, network DVR, broadcast TV – all the standard IPTV services. | + +### 8.3.2 Service management + +This functional grouping contains services needed for maintaining up-to-date CPE software/firmware and configuration, and it interacts with the service client functional block on the CPE terminal device as well as the CPE controller functionality of the service control functional block. This includes: + +- TFTP functionality for providing client configuration. +- Secure download functionality for software/firmware downloads and versioning. + +### 8.3.3 Service control + +This functional block provides control for the IPTV video processing clients to allow for such functions as: + +- Control of video streams (e.g., play, pause, rewind, skip) – this causes actions to be performed by the "delivery control" functional block. +- Control of multicast streaming (e.g., joining and leaving multicast groups) – this causes actions to be performed by the "delivery control" and "stream/deliver" functional blocks. + +Delivery of content can be controlled by user interaction with the service client located in the CPE. + +Service control includes CPE controller/management functionality, which, for example, manages CPE administrative settings, configuration settings, NAT settings, software downloads and diagnostics/logging. Service control also includes subscriber management functionality, which is capable of managing service provisioning, channel maps, data carousels, SI, messaging and third party applications. + +### 8.3.4 Security functions + +This functional block performs real-time authentication, authorization, encryption and key management for protected content delivery, including the capabilities for conditional access systems (CAS), digital rights management (DRM) and authorized service domains (ASDs). For example, it would include generation of an entitlement management message (EMM) and entitlement control message (ECM) for CAS/ASD, or licensing for DRM/ASD. In addition, it may perform functions such as multiplexing, scrambling or encrypting the content to implement and enforce the CAS/DRM/ASD system. + +It interacts with the client CAS/DRM/ASD components residing in the service client functional block of the CPE terminal device. + +### 8.3.5 Session/resource/policy control + +IPTV services require a functional grouping that controls establishing, maintaining and terminating video sessions and assures sufficient resource allocation. + +- Session control is a functional block that performs IPTV session initiation, maintenance and termination. It interacts with the other functional blocks in this group for making session-related decisions. + +- Policy control is a functional block that makes decisions on allowing or denying access to services or resources. Policy control often makes admission control decisions, and plays a role in enforcing the permitted use of bandwidth on the network. The bandwidth management functionality of service control allows the IPTV service provider to maintain the expected quality of service (QoS) for the subscriber. +- Resource control is a functional block that takes care of reserving, allocating, maintaining and releasing resources on the network. Examples include managing DOCSIS bandwidth on the access network, and managing QAM resources (using edge resource management interfaces). + +## 8.4 IPTV content functions + +IPTV content functions provide the capabilities to acquire, manage and deliver content for IPTV services. + +### 8.4.1 Content acquisition and management + +This functional area contains services needed for receiving (access and acquisition), securing, storing, encoding and delivering content. This includes: + +- The content ingest/acquisition functional block, which provides functionality to receive and process A/V content from a variety of sources such as satellite, off-air, file transfers and the Internet according to the set-up and processes defined by the "content ingest/acquire administration" functional block. +- Real-time multiplexing, including both broadcast and on-demand content. +- Real-time encryption of content being delivered to the CPE, including both broadcast and on-demand content. +- Real-time encoding and transcoding, including support for different formats and bit rates for both broadcast and on-demand content. In addition to video formats, this can include support for stereo versus. surround sound, multiple languages, closed captioning. +- Ad management, which represents the real-time functions for the selection and delivery of targeted and personalized advertising. Ad management uses subscriber data and data about available advertisement content to determine what to deliver to the subscriber in real time. SCTE has standardized such functionality as part of their digital video services (DVS) initiative [ANSI/SCTE 128]. +Ad management also reports information about advertisements delivered to subscribers. +- Video asset management, which maintains storage of video content. This content storage is typically large in scale. Included in this functional block would be VOD libraries and nDVR content. + +### 8.4.2 Content delivery + +The content delivery functional area includes the following functional blocks: + +- Delivery control includes functionality for controlling the delivery of content. Examples include following the rules and set-up for switching digital video (as defined in the "broadcast video administration" functional block), and interacting with the service control functional block to control VOD streaming or controlling the delivery of multicast content. +- Statmux/groom/splice maximizes efficiency of network usage by dynamically allocating bandwidth to handle multiple video streams with sufficient quality, and by grooming traffic (grouping content flows into larger units). This functional block also allows for splicing of content into other content flows in order to provide continuous content flows to the network and end user. + +- Modulate includes the ability to deliver content over the network. Techniques such as QAM are commonly used to modulate content for delivery. +- Stream/deliver includes centralized versus distributed caching approaches for the streaming and delivery of content throughout the network. For example, this functional block streams VOD content, and also delivers multicast content flows to the client. +- Ad delivery represents parts of the content delivery system involved in the real-time delivery of advertising content. This includes insertion of personalized on-demand advertisements into VOD content and delivering targeted advertising content for broadcast streams. [ITU-T J.181] and [ITU-T J.280] cover the details of ad splicing. + +### 8.4.3 Video transport methods supported by IPTV content functions + +The CPE should support the following transport methods to receive digital content from the cable-based secondary distribution network for both broadcast and on-demand applications. These transport mechanisms are documented here to provide general guidance in this framework, and will be further defined in more detailed Recommendations specific to a defined content delivery reference point (see reference point i-5 in clause 9.1). + +The transport mechanisms described below are independent of both codecs used to encode the content which is being carried by the transport and the conditional access system used to control access to that content. That is, all supported codecs and the conditional access system should work with all of the media transport methods in this clause. + +#### 8.4.3.1 Native MPEG transport + +Figure 13 represents the method for providing digital content to the CPE called MPEG-2 multiple programme transport streams (MPTS) over QAM. + +| Audio stream(s) | Video stream(s) | Private data stream(s) | +|-----------------|-----------------|------------------------| +| MPEG-2 TS | | | +| QAM | | | + +**Figure 13 – MPEG-2 MPTS over QAM** + +MPEG-2 MPTS over QAM is the conventional method used in today's digital cable systems to deliver digital content over the HFC network. The transport stream payload is the audio, video and private data packetized elementary stream (PES) representing an MPEG programme within the MPTS. The CPE should support MPEG-2 MPTS over QAM. + +#### 8.4.3.2 MPEG MPTS multiplexed with DOCSIS + +Figure 14 represents the method of providing digital content to the CPE called MPEG-2 MPTS multiplexed with DOCSIS. + +![](c0b9e5fc63e19306394e0d4249da62cd_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|-----------------|-----------------|------------------------|------------| +| Audio stream(s) | Video stream(s) | Private data stream(s) | Data | +| | | | TCP/UDP | +| | | | IP | +| | | | DOCSIS PDU | +| MPEG-2 TS | | | | +| QAM | | | | + +**Figure 14 – MPEG-2 MPTS multiplexed with DOCSIS** + +When MPEG-2 MPTS is multiplexed with DOCSIS, an MPEG-2 transport stream is used to multiplex audio, video and private data programme information with DOCSIS data PDUs. The CPE should support MPEG-2 MPTS multiplexed with DOCSIS. + +#### **8.4.3.3 MPEG-2 SPTS/MPTS over UDP/IP** + +Figure 15 represents the method of providing digital content to the CPE called MPEG-2 SPTS/MPTS over UDP/IP. + +![](1033dc9fde75540d224c907681b1b7aa_img.jpg) + +| | | | +|-----------------|-------------------------------|------------------------| +| Audio stream(s) | Video stream(s) | Private data stream(s) | +| MPEG-2 TS | | | +| UDP | | | +| IP | | | +| DOCSIS PDU | Logical link control (LLC) | | +| DOCSIS TS layer | Media access control (MAC) | | +| QAM | Optical fibre, wireless, etc. | | + +**Figure 15 – MPEG-2 SPTS/MPTS over UDP/IP** + +In this approach, video is carried over UDP/IP and delivered over the DOCSIS connection. The CPE should support MPEG-2 SPTS/MPTS over UDP/IP. + +#### **8.4.3.4 MPEG-2 SPTS/MPTS over RTP/UDP/IP** + +Figure 16 represents the method of providing digital content to the CPE called MPEG-2 over RTP/UDP/IP. + +| Audio stream(s) | Video stream(s) | Private data stream(s) | +|-----------------|-------------------------------|------------------------| +| MPEG-2 TS | | | +| RTP | | | +| UDP | | | +| IP | | | +| DOCSIS PDU | Logical link control (LLC) | | +| DOCSIS TS layer | Media access control (MAC) | | +| QAM | Optical fibre, wireless, etc. | | + +**Figure 16 – MPEG-2 SPTS/MPTS over RTP/UDP/IP** + +The CPE should support MPEG-2 SPTS/MPTS over RTP/UDP/IP. + +#### 8.4.3.5 Elementary streams over RTP/UDP/IP + +Figure 17 represents the method of providing digital content to the CPE by transmitting elementary streams (ESs) over RTP/UDP/IP. + +| Audio stream(s) | Video stream(s) | Private data stream(s) | +|-----------------|-------------------------------|------------------------| +| RTP | | | +| UDP | | | +| IP | | | +| DOCSIS PDU | Logical link control (LLC) | | +| DOCSIS TS Layer | Media access control (MAC) | | +| QAM | Optical fibre, wireless, etc. | | + +**Figure 17 – Elementary streams over RTP/UDP/IP** + +The CPE should support both audio and video elementary streams (ESs) over RTP. For support of MPEG-4 part 2 visual, [IETF RFC 3640] should be used, and for support of MPEG-4 part 10 AVC, [IETF RFC 3984] should be used. + +The IETF audio/video transport (AVT) working group is also working on documentation for carrying AC-3 audio over RTP, as defined in [IETF RFC 4184]. + +## 8.5 Network functions + +Network functions provide the transport of IPTV services. + +### 8.5.1 Network control functions + +In the network control functional grouping, there are mechanisms for NAT/firewall traversal, assigning IP addresses and managing domain name systems (DNSs). Functions are required to allow signalling and media to be exchanged with CPE in a home network. Included in this area are: + +- Network admission control: This functional block controls whether to allow particular service or application traffic on the network. + +- Network resource control: This functional block provides network-level mechanisms to control access to network resources. This function, as well as admission control, is usually done based on interactions with the session/resource/policy control functional block. +- IP address allocation and name resolution: This functional block is often implemented using DHCP and DNS services. +- NAT/firewall traversal: This functional block allows IPTV services to be delivered across NAT and firewall boundaries to CPE terminal devices in the home network. Technologies useful for NAT/Firewall traversal include: ICE methodology (IETF Internet Draft ), STUN servers [b-IETF RFC 3489], [IETF RFC 5389], and TURN servers (IETF Internet Draft ). +- Network security: Network control functions include security mechanisms such as IP filtering to aid in the prevention of denial-of-service attacks and VPN tunnelling to protect the privacy of data. + +Network control applies to the underlying core network as well as the various access networks supported by this functional architecture. + +### 8.5.2 Core network + +The core network includes routing and switching equipment required for the transport of IPTV services. Standard network capabilities will need to be supported for IPTV services (e.g., tunnelling mechanisms and traffic monitoring mechanisms). + +### 8.5.3 HFC-based access networks for cable TV systems + +The HFC-based access network is defined as the network between the CMTS and the cable modem. Examples of technologies specific to, and supported by, the HFC-based access network include: + +- DOCSIS for the transport of IP over HFC or optical fibre. +- DOCSIS set-top box gateway (DSG) for interactive signalling for video applications. +- Edge QAMs for modulated delivery of video signals. +- Transmission of radio frequency (RF) over optical and coaxial physical distribution. +- Support for embedded cable modems. +- Support for stand-alone cable modems. + +### 8.5.4 Non-HFC access network + +Other access networks (transport networks from the service provider's "logical edge" to the consumer premises) which may be supported by the architectural framework defined here could include: + +- FTTx (PON- or media converter-based). +- DSL. +- Broadcast over power line (BPL). + +## 8.6 OSS functions + +[ITU-T M.3400] defines the OSS functions grouped in terms of five functional areas commonly referred to as fault, configuration, accounting, performance and security (FCAPS). The specific functions, such as diagnostics within fault management, are further specified according to the level of abstraction of the resources and services being managed. The device level management, for example, is defined within network element management. Other abstractions defined are network level, service level and business level management. + +Additional functions are required beyond the functions described in [ITU-T M.3400] in the context of IPTV services. The functions that are required for the cable environment will be specified in a future Recommendation. Some examples are included below. + +For configuration management, discovery of device capabilities will be required to present suitable contents to the customer by the service provider. Other information to be discovered includes device hardware configuration such as memory, graphic resolution, etc. Configuration functions at the network level include setting transport parameters, installing and initiating routing services and consumer-specific policy management within the provider's network. For IPTV services, discovery and selection mechanisms are required. + +In the case of accounting management, some examples of the required functions include different commercial arrangements between the service providers and consumers, inter-carrier support, retail billing and QoS monitoring in support of SLA management. + +In the context of IPTV services, security management includes service and content protection, content control and protection mechanisms for content in transit and storage. + +Additional fault management requirements to support IPTV services include assuring service reliability to reduce or eliminate packet loss and rerouting due to failure in the network. + +## **8.7 Customer (IP home network) functions** + +The customer (IP home network) functional area includes the CPE that provides access to IPTV services. In Figure 11, the functional aspects of the IP home network are represented in the functional CPE functional grouping. This functional grouping is also shown grouped into IPTV terminal functions with examples of physical IPTV CPE device configurations. The following functional blocks within the functional CPE interact with the IPTV functions covered in previous clauses: + +- The application client: This functional block interacts with functional blocks within IPTV application functions, and includes the ability to present the IPTV applications to the customer. +- The service client: This functional block interacts with IPTV service functions, and includes capabilities to process middleware logic and functions for CAS/DRM/ASD to allow customer access to protected content. It also includes capabilities for remote configuration, the ability to download software, mechanisms for control of the service, the ability to initiate sessions and the ability to request resources. +- The content client: This functional block interacts with IPTV content functions, and includes capabilities to receive and (potentially) transmit video streams, and to process those streams by decrypting and decoding for presentation to the customer. + +Also shown in this functional area are examples of physical device configurations that are particularly important to HFC, though other subscriber access technologies are also shown. Devices with IPTV terminal functions, shown in Figure 11, that receive or process video sessions include: + +- IP set-top boxes based on [ITU-T J.290], [ITU-T J.291] and [ITU-T J.292]. +- Multimedia PCs. +- Rich media devices. +- Home media storage and servers. +- Hybrid STBs. +- eSTBs (STBs with embedded cable modems). + +Additional devices that exist in the IP home network, and participate in IPTV service delivery, include: + +- Wireless or wired home networking devices. +- IP-based residential gateways. +- Stand-alone cable modems for HFC access. + +## 8.8 Content sources + +The IPTV framework is capable of receiving content from a variety of managed sources, such as satellite, off-air, land-line distribution, storage media, file transfers and the Internet. The content can be of any type, such as EPG content (delivered via the Internet), land-line or satellite delivered live-feed video content, or VOD content delivered via land-line, satellite or storage media. + +# 9 Reference points + +There are several key interfaces shown in the functional architecture in Figure 3. + +IPTV control/metadata flows – the messaging between the server functions and client functions includes: + +- Service interaction messaging (request to initiate video services and messages to control video service functions). +- Digital rights management interaction from the client for content access. +- Conditional access interactions for requests to access different video applications. + +IPTV media flows – the data sent in the media interface includes: + +- Streamed video content. +- Play control signalling. + +Application interactions – the interaction between the IPTV services and applications to the application client includes: + +- Middleware and metadata delivery and interaction for application functionality. +- Application interactions through higher-level web-based protocols (HTTP, XML, etc.). + +OSS interactions – the interaction between the OSS servers and the IPTV client function includes: + +- Provisioning of the client device. +- Secure software download. +- Network management using device MIBs. + +This clause identifies major reference points to address these interfaces between functional components. + +## 9.1 Reference points definition + +For the purposes of this Recommendation, significant reference points are identified between the CPE and the various network functions with which it interfaces, between the session/resource/policy management functions and the IPTV application servers, and between the IP content sources and the content processing, distribution and storage functions. The CPE reference points are meant to address IP interfaces for hybrid and IP CPE. Network interface points for a MPEG CPE and the MPEG portion of a hybrid CPE are of a legacy nature and therefore are not addressed here. + +Figure 18 repeats Figure 3 – Functional architecture for IPTV secondary distribution system – with specific reference points marked: + +![Figure 18 – IPTV network reference points. A block diagram showing the IPTV architecture. On the left, external entities include 'Web services and third party applications', 'OSS functions', and 'Content sources (e.g., VOD, linear)'. The central 'Operator network' contains three stacked boxes: 'IPTV application functions (e.g., VOD, EPG, DRM)' at the top, 'IPTV service functions' in the middle, and 'IPTV content functions' at the bottom. These are interconnected by double-headed arrows. On the right, the 'Customer network' contains three stacked boxes: 'Application client (e.g., DRM, CAS)', 'Service client', and 'Content client', also interconnected by double-headed arrows. At the bottom, a green 'Transport layer' box contains 'IPTV control/metadata flow' and 'IPTV content flow' arrows. Reference points i-1 through i-8 are marked with dashed lines and arrows indicating interactions between these components.](5a9cdc1fed33ae8fb871a8cd4d591729_img.jpg) + +Figure 18 – IPTV network reference points. A block diagram showing the IPTV architecture. On the left, external entities include 'Web services and third party applications', 'OSS functions', and 'Content sources (e.g., VOD, linear)'. The central 'Operator network' contains three stacked boxes: 'IPTV application functions (e.g., VOD, EPG, DRM)' at the top, 'IPTV service functions' in the middle, and 'IPTV content functions' at the bottom. These are interconnected by double-headed arrows. On the right, the 'Customer network' contains three stacked boxes: 'Application client (e.g., DRM, CAS)', 'Service client', and 'Content client', also interconnected by double-headed arrows. At the bottom, a green 'Transport layer' box contains 'IPTV control/metadata flow' and 'IPTV content flow' arrows. Reference points i-1 through i-8 are marked with dashed lines and arrows indicating interactions between these components. + +J.700(09)\_F18 + +**Figure 18 – IPTV network reference points** + +NOTE – The operator network and the transport layer in Figure 18 are equivalent, respectively, to "service provider network" and "network provider" network specified in [ITU-T Y.1910] "IPTV domains". + +Table 2 describes the reference points identified in Figure 18. + +**Table 2 – IPTV secondary distribution system reference point descriptions** + +| Reference point | IPTV system network elements | Reference point description | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| i-1 | Web services and third party applications – Application client | Enables the web services and third party applications network element to interact and collaborate with the application client in the customer network for the delivery of web-based services and third party applications that utilize a web interface. Potential supporting protocols include HTTP, XML, SOAP and WSDL. | +| i-2 | OSS functions – Service client | Enables the OSS functions to provision and manage the IPTV client functions in the customer network. Potential supporting protocols include XCAP, SIP configuration framework, TFTP and SNMP. | +| i-3 | IPTV service functions – Service client | Enables the service client in the customer network to send requests for IPTV content to the IPTV service functions in the operator network. Examples of IPTV content include digital video and audio programme content, plus the metadata describing the programme content. Examples of IPTV requests include requests for broadcast or VOD content, requests to manipulate VOD content delivery (pause, play, rewind, etc.) and requests to record content for later viewing. Potential supporting protocols include IGMP/MLD, RTSP and SDP. | + +**Table 2 – IPTV secondary distribution system reference point descriptions** + +| Reference point | IPTV system network elements | Reference point description | +|-----------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| i-4 | IPTV content functions – Content client | Enables the operator network IPTV content functions to send real-time digital video and audio media and associated metadata over IP to the content client in the customer network. Potential supporting protocols include RTP/RTCP containing MPEG encoded audio/video content. | +| i-5 | Content sources – IPTV content functions | Enables the operator network IPTV content functions to access video/audio content and associated metadata from the content sources in the content provider network. This includes requesting video/audio content and associated metadata from the VOD server functions. Supporting protocols for this purpose require further study. CableLabs' metadata specification with an appropriate delivery protocol could be a candidate. | +| i-6 | IPTV application functions – Application client | Enables the delivery of IPTV service application logic and presentation information from the IPTV application functions to the application client. Potential supporting protocols include HTTP and OCAP common download of applications. The application logic can be implemented with such technologies as XML/SOAP, Java/Javascript and GEM middleware. | +| i-7 | OSS functions – Operator network | Enables the OSS network element to provision and manage the Functions within the operator network (including IPTV services and applications, IPTV server functions and IPTV media/object delivery functions). Potential supporting protocols include XCAP, SIP configuration framework, TFTP and SNMP. | +| i-8 | Web services and third party applications – IPTV application functions | Enables IPTV services and applications in the operator network to request web services and other third party applications from the web services and third party applications network element. Potential supporting protocols include HTTP, SOAP and WSDL. | + +## 9.2 Internetwork operability + +Interconnection of different administrative IPTV networks should be considered. Recommendation ITU-T Y.1911 defines several scenarios for IPTV internetwork operability. Figures 19a to 19c illustrate several patterns of IPTV interconnection, where different administrative IPTV networks are interconnected at the transport layer. + +![Figure 19a: High-level architecture for interconnection with compatible service control functions between two networks. The diagram shows three main vertical sections: End-user functions (left), Visited network (middle), and Home network (right). Horizontal lines represent logical connections between functional blocks across these sections. In the Visited network, there are Service control functions, Network functions, and Transport functions. In the Home network, there are Application functions, Service control functions, Content delivery functions, Network functions, and Transport functions. Connections exist between End-user functions and Service control functions in both networks, and between corresponding functional layers of the Visited and Home networks.](352d21d1e740e4a58cb17ab8656cfad8_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph "End-user functions" + EUF[End-user functions] + end + subgraph "Visited network" + VSCF[Service control functions] + VNF[Network functions] + VTF[Transport functions] + end + subgraph "Home network" + HAF[Application functions] + HSCF[Service control functions] + HCDF[Content delivery functions] + HNF[Network functions] + HTF[Transport functions] + end + EUF --- VSCF + EUF --- VNF + EUF --- VTF + VSCF --- HSCF + VNF --- HNF + VTF --- HTF + HAF --- HSCF + HSCF --- HCDF + HSCF --- HNF + HNF --- HTF + +``` + +J.700(09)\_F19a + +Figure 19a: High-level architecture for interconnection with compatible service control functions between two networks. The diagram shows three main vertical sections: End-user functions (left), Visited network (middle), and Home network (right). Horizontal lines represent logical connections between functional blocks across these sections. In the Visited network, there are Service control functions, Network functions, and Transport functions. In the Home network, there are Application functions, Service control functions, Content delivery functions, Network functions, and Transport functions. Connections exist between End-user functions and Service control functions in both networks, and between corresponding functional layers of the Visited and Home networks. + +**Figure 19a – High-level architecture for interconnection with compatible service control functions between two networks** + +![Figure 19b: High-level architecture for interconnection without using service control functions of the visited network. Similar to Figure 19a, it shows End-user functions, Visited network, and Home network. However, the Visited network block for 'Service control functions' is absent. End-user functions connect directly to the Home network's Service control functions via the Visited network's lower layers. The Home network contains Application functions, Service control functions, Content delivery functions, Network functions, and Transport functions.](3ce04f1c7128814978c6b34d654a25cc_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph "End-user functions" + EUF[End-user functions] + end + subgraph "Visited network" + VNF[Network functions] + VTF[Transport functions] + end + subgraph "Home network" + HAF[Application functions] + HSCF[Service control functions] + HCDF[Content delivery functions] + HNF[Network functions] + HTF[Transport functions] + end + EUF --- HSCF + EUF --- VNF + EUF --- VTF + VNF --- HNF + VTF --- HTF + HAF --- HSCF + HSCF --- HCDF + HSCF --- HNF + HNF --- HTF + +``` + +J.700(09)\_F19b + +Figure 19b: High-level architecture for interconnection without using service control functions of the visited network. Similar to Figure 19a, it shows End-user functions, Visited network, and Home network. However, the Visited network block for 'Service control functions' is absent. End-user functions connect directly to the Home network's Service control functions via the Visited network's lower layers. The Home network contains Application functions, Service control functions, Content delivery functions, Network functions, and Transport functions. + +**Figure 19b – High-level architecture for interconnection without using service control functions of the visited network** + +![High-level architecture diagram for interworking with a third party service provider. The diagram shows two main entities: 'Home network' and 'Third party service provider'. The 'Home network' consists of 'End-user functions' (red vertical bar), 'Service control functions' (yellow), 'Network functions' (green), and 'Transport functions' (yellow). The 'Third party service provider' consists of 'Application functions' (blue), 'Service control functions' (yellow), 'Content delivery functions' (orange), 'Network functions' (green), and 'Transport functions' (yellow). Horizontal lines connect the 'End-user functions' to the 'Application functions', the 'Service control functions' of the home network to the 'Service control functions' of the third party provider, and the 'Network functions' of the home network to the 'Network functions' of the third party provider. Vertical lines connect the 'Service control functions' to the 'Network functions', and the 'Network functions' to the 'Transport functions' within each entity. The labels 'Home network' and 'Third party service provider' are centered below their respective columns. A small text 'J.700(09)_F19c' is located in the bottom right corner of the diagram area.](fd8f5da2b60cdca94896f3cde8ee81f0_img.jpg) + +High-level architecture diagram for interworking with a third party service provider. The diagram shows two main entities: 'Home network' and 'Third party service provider'. The 'Home network' consists of 'End-user functions' (red vertical bar), 'Service control functions' (yellow), 'Network functions' (green), and 'Transport functions' (yellow). The 'Third party service provider' consists of 'Application functions' (blue), 'Service control functions' (yellow), 'Content delivery functions' (orange), 'Network functions' (green), and 'Transport functions' (yellow). Horizontal lines connect the 'End-user functions' to the 'Application functions', the 'Service control functions' of the home network to the 'Service control functions' of the third party provider, and the 'Network functions' of the home network to the 'Network functions' of the third party provider. Vertical lines connect the 'Service control functions' to the 'Network functions', and the 'Network functions' to the 'Transport functions' within each entity. The labels 'Home network' and 'Third party service provider' are centered below their respective columns. A small text 'J.700(09)\_F19c' is located in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +**Figure 19c – High-level architecture for interworking with a third party service provider** + +- Figure 19a shows the case where the service control functions (SCFs) of the home network is compatible with those of visited network. For example, both end-user functions and SCFs of the visited network have IMS-based IPTV capability. +- Figure 19b shows the case where the SCF of the home network is incompatible with those of the visited network. For example, end-user functions have only a non-IMS-based IPTV capability although the SCF of visited network only supports IMS-based IPTV capability. +- Figure 19c depicts interworking with a third party service provider through the interface between the two entities, which can be called a service provider interface (SPI). + +# Annex A + +## Relationship to NGN + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +IPTV comprises a set of services that fit well into NGN. [ITU-T Y.1910] defines the following architectures: + +- Non-NGN-based IPTV architecture. +- Non-IMS-based NGN IPTV architecture. + +This clause addresses the IMS-based NGN IPTV architectures and maps functions to the IPTV reference model. + +![Diagram of IPTV services in the NGN framework architecture showing Service stratum, Transport stratum, and End-user functions.](9e26cd5584f423e1b2155fb341db579f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the NGN framework architecture for IPTV services, organized into three main horizontal layers: + +- Service stratum (top):** Contains 'Applications' at the top, followed by 'Application support functions and service support functions'. Below this are 'S. user profile functions', 'Other NGN service components', 'IPTV service component', 'PSTN/ISDN emulation service component', and 'IP multimedia service component'. 'Service control functions' are also shown on the right side of this stratum. +- Transport stratum (middle):** Contains 'T. user profile functions', 'Network attachment control functions (NACF)', and 'Resource and admission control functions (RACF)'. Below these are 'Access network functions', 'Edge functions', and 'Core transport functions'. +- End-user functions (bottom):** On the left, this section includes 'Legacy terminals' (connected via Gateways - GW), 'Customer networks', and 'NGN terminals'. + +Connections and interactions: + +- Vertical lines connect the Service stratum to the Transport stratum and the End-user functions. +- Horizontal lines connect various components within each stratum. +- On the right, a vertical oval labeled 'Other networks' connects to the Service stratum and the Core transport functions. +- NOTE – Gateway (GW) may exist in either transport stratum or end-user functions. +- J.700(09)\_FA.1 + +Diagram of IPTV services in the NGN framework architecture showing Service stratum, Transport stratum, and End-user functions. + +**Figure A.1 – Support of IPTV services in the NGN framework architecture** + +The NGN framework architecture shown in Figure A.1 contains three high-level functional entities, namely, service stratum, transport stratum, and end-user functions. These three high-level functional entities are described in detail in [ITU-T Y.2012] and are described here with reference to Figure 1 (the IPTV reference model). + +The functions of the transport layer in Figure 3 correspond to the transport stratum in the NGN framework. These include the related transport control/routing and applicable management functions responsible for the routing of the IPTV packets flows. + +The IPTV server and media delivery functions correspond to the IPTV service component in the service stratum of the NGN framework. + +The IPTV applications functions, including the third party applications, correspond to the applications layer and application/service support layer in the service stratum of the NGN framework. + +The IPTV customer functions correspond to the end-user functions of the NGN framework. + +The OSS functions correspond to the NGN management plane functions (not shown in Figure A.1). + +## **Service stratum** + +The service stratum functional entity encompasses all of the services, user profiles, applications and service support functions that are needed in order to provide IPTV services in an NGN framework. The service stratum acts as the service provider (SP) with connections to external applications and other networks for the acquisition of content, data and external applications. The service stratum is also connected to the transport stratum and ultimately to the end-user functions, as described below. + +### - *Service control functions* + +The service control functions include resource control, registration, and authorization and authentication functions at the service level for both mediated and non-mediated services. In order to support IPTV services, the service control functions also offer media control resources and functions such as the IP multimedia service component and the IPTV service component. + +The service control functions also provide service user profiles which represent user information and other control data in a single user profile function of the service stratum. The service user profile functions may take the form of a single functional database or multiple, cooperating databases residing in any part of the NGN. + +### - *Application support functions and service support functions* + +The application support functions and service support functions include functions such as gateway, registration, and authentication and authorization functions at the application level. These functions are available as applications to the "end user" functional groups. The application support functions and service support functions work in conjunction with the service control functions to provide the end users and applications with the NGN services they request. + +## **Transport stratum** + +The transport stratum provides transport functions and transport control functions per [ITU-T Y.2011]. The transport stratum functions are described here with reference to Figure A.1 above. + +### - *Access network functions* + +The access network functions take care of end users' access to the network as well as collecting and aggregating the traffic coming from these accesses towards the core network. More details on the access network functions can be found in clause 7.1.1.1 of [ITU-T Y.2012]. + +### - *Edge functions* + +The edge functions are used for media and traffic processing when aggregated traffic coming from the access networks is merged into the core transport network. The functions include support for QoS and traffic control. See clause 7.1.1.2 of [ITU-T Y.2012] for a more detailed description of the edge functions. + +### - *Core transport functions* + +The core transport functions are responsible for ensuring information transport throughout the core network. They provide the means to differentiate the quality of transport in the core network. The functions include QoS mechanisms dealing with user traffic, buffer management, queuing and scheduling, packet filtering, traffic classification, marking, policing, shaping, gate control and firewall capability. + +### - *Gateway (GW) functions* + +The gateway functions provide the capability to interwork with end-user functions and/or other networks, including other types of NGN and many existing networks. GW functions can be controlled either directly from the service control functions or through the transport control functions. As noted in Figure 10, the GW functions may exist in either the transport stratum or the end-user functions. See clause 7.1.1.4 of [ITU-T Y.2012] for more details. + +### - *Resource and admission control functions (RACFs)* + +The RACFs act as the arbitrator between the service control functions and the transport functions for QoS-related transport resource control within access and core networks. The RACFs perform the policy-based transport resource control upon the request of the service control functions, determine the transport resource availability and admission, and apply controls to the transport functions to enforce the policy decisions. See clause 7.1.2.1 of [ITU-T Y.2012] for more details on the RACFs. + +### - *Network attachment control functions (NACFs)* + +The NACFs provide registration at the access level and initialization of end-user functions for accessing NGN services. These functions provide transport stratum level identification/authentication, manage the IP address space of the access network and authenticate access sessions. + +The NACFs include transport user profile functions which take the form of functional databases representing the combination of a user's information and other control data into a single "user profile" function in the transport stratum. Like the service user profile functions, the transport user profile functions may take the form of a single functional database or multiple, cooperating databases residing in any part of the NGN. + +See clause 7.1.2.2 of [ITU-T Y.2012] for a more detailed description. + +## **End-user functions** + +End-user interfaces and networks may be extremely diverse and may be connected to the NGN in a multitude of manners. The end user communicates with the service stratum through the transport stratum in order to utilize and interact with the IPTV services offered by the NGN framework. These communications, however, may vary greatly since end-user equipment may be either mobile or fixed and can connect to the NGN in many ways. + +# Bibliography + +- [b-ITU-T J.126] Recommendation ITU-T J.126 (2007), *Embedded Cable Modem device specification*. +- [b-ITU-T J.160] Recommendation ITU-T J.160 (2005), *Architectural framework for the delivery of time-critical services over cable television networks using cable modems*. +- [b-ITU-T J.210] Recommendation ITU-T J.210 (2006), *Downstream RF interface for cable modem termination systems*. +- [b-ITU-T J.211] Recommendation ITU-T J.211 (2006), *Timing interface for cable modem termination systems*. +- [b-ITU-T J.212] Recommendation ITU-T J.212 (2006), *Downstream external Physical layer interface for modular cable modem termination systems*. +- [b-ITU-T J.222.2] Recommendation ITU-T J.222.2 (2007), *Third-generation transmission systems for interactive cable television services – IP cable modems: MAC and Upper Layer protocols*. +- [b-ITU-T J.360] Recommendation ITU-T J.360 (2006), *IPCablecom2 architecture framework*. +- [b-ITU-T J.701] Recommendation ITU-T J.701 (2008), *Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware*. +- [b-ITU-T Accessibility] ITU-T SG 16 Work on Accessibility, *Accessibility and Standardization*. +<> +- [b-ETSI TS 102 590] ETSI TS 102 590 v1.1.1 (2007), *Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Multimedia Home Platform (MHP) Specification 1.2 (including IPTV)*. +NOTE – Currently available as: DVB Document A107 (2007). +- [b-IEC 62481-1] IEC 62481-1 Ed. 1.0 (2007), *Digital living network alliance (DLNA) home networked device interoperability guidelines – Part 1: Architecture and protocol*. +<> +- [b-IEC 62481-2] IEC 62481-2 Ed. 1.0 (2007), *Digital living network alliance (DLNA) home networked device interoperability guidelines – Part 2: DLNA media formats*. +<> +NOTE – The above two references are equivalent to the combined DLNA Version 1.0 specification. +- [b-IETF RFC 2616] IETF RFC 2616 (1999), *Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP/1.1*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3261] IETF RFC 3261 (2002), *SIP: Session Initiation Protocol*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3417] IETF RFC 3417 (2002), *Transport Mappings for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3489] IETF RFC 3489 (2003), *STUN – Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Through Network Address Translators (NATs)*. +- [b-IETF RFC 3588] IETF RFC 3588 (2003), *Diameter Base Protocol*. + +- [b-IETF Draft ICE NAT] IETF RFC 5245 (2010), *Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols.* +- [b-IETF RFC 5389] IETF RFC 5389 (2008), *Session Traversal Utilities for (NAT) (STUN).* +- [b-IETF Draft STUN] IETF Internet Draft (2007), *Obtaining Relay Addresses from Simple Traversal Underneath NAT (STUN).* +- [b-UPnP] UPnP™ Forum (2006), *UPnP Device Architecture 1.0.* +- [b-CableLabs ERMI] CableLabs ERMI Specification (2005), *Edge Resource Manager Interface Specification.* +[](http://www.cablemodem.com/downloads/specs/CM-SP-ERMI-I02-051209.pdf) +- [b-CableLabs Metadata] CableLabs Metadata Specifications (2005), *VOD MetaData 2.0.* +[](http://www.cablelabs.com/projects/metadata/specifications/specifications20.html) +- [b-CableLabs OCAP 1.1] CableLabs OCAP 1.1 Specifications (2006), *OpenCable Applications Platform Specifications – OCAP 1.1 profile.* +[](http://www.opencable.com/downloads/specs/OC-SP-OCAP1.1-I01-061229.pdf) +- [b-DSL TR-069] DSL Forum TR-069 (2004), *CPE WAN Management Protocol.* +- [b-DVB GEM-IPTV] DVB GEM (2007), *GEM-IPTV white paper.* +[](http://www.mhp.org/mhp_technology/gem/tm3749.mug180.GEM-IPTV_white_paper.pdf) +- [b-OMA DM] OMA DM (2007), *Open Mobile Alliance Device Management Specifications.* +- [b-ANSI/SCTE 118] ANSI/SCTE 118 (2006), *Program-specific Ad Insertion – Data Field Definitions, Functional Overview and Application Guidelines.* +- [b-SCTE DVS] SCTE DVS, *Digital Video Subcommittee (DVS).* +[](http://www.scte.org/content/index.cfm?plD=49) +- [b-WC3 XML] WC3 XML (2009), *Extensible Markup Language (XML).* +- [b-WC3 SOAP] WC3 SOAP (2007), *Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP).* + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git 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sha256:11780faeee75ba39ab4ed9de67a9e67abec0d9ba3068ebec661dea70c16e29d3 +size 4338 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.701-200810-I_PDF-E/d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.701-200810-I_PDF-E/d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5c7c688fa7e262a271e4ef9ffd3c8696a4be2aca --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.701-200810-I_PDF-E/d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4fbf09d0bd54e6e9d7982ffa08fa74f9f5e15f5cb7ed80587d9c498945fb48f0 +size 58005 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.701-200810-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.701-200810-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb1e4d17121bf8591eddf3cba1b29d6284181251 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.701-200810-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,465 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.701** + +(10/2008) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Secondary distribution of IPTV services + +# --- **Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.701 + + + +## **Recommendation ITU-T J.701** + +# **Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.701 defines components of a broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware and provides a high-level description of functionality necessary to support IPTV services. These definitions and descriptions are intended to provide a migration path from existing terminal middleware for current digital broadcasting, with enhancements for IPTV support, to meet immediate market demand to deploy IPTV services. + +This Recommendation also describes the terminal middleware architecture and its relationship with the service platform. Additionally, this Recommendation provides a table of application programming interface (API) classifications. + +###### **Source** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.701 was approved on 29 October 2008 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedures. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2010 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere ..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 1 | +| 5 Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware ..... | 2 | +| 6 Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware architecture ..... | 3 | +| 6.1 IPTV terminal middleware components and APIs..... | 4 | +| 6.2 Classification of IPTV terminal middleware components APIs ..... | 9 | +| Bibliography..... | 10 | + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.701 + +# Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines components of a broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware and provides a high-level description of functionality necessary to support IPTV services. These definitions and descriptions are intended to assist in the establishment of a migration path from existing terminal middleware for current digital broadcasting, with enhancements for IPTV support, to meet immediate market demand to deploy IPTV services. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[ITU-T J.200] Recommendation ITU-T J.200 (2001), *Worldwide common core – Application environment for digital interactive television services*. + +[ITU-T Y.1910] Recommendation ITU-T Y.1910 (2008), *IPTV functional architecture*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +This Recommendation does not use any terms the following terms defined elsewhere. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 resource abstraction/middleware interface:** An interface between the resource abstraction layer and the middleware service that encapsulates OS operations and the resources layer, and provides an abstract view of the resource layer. + +**3.2.2 resources:** The native hardware and software entities that provide certain functionality to the middleware services component through the resource abstraction layer. The middleware service functions are provided to the application layer through the API of the middleware services. + +**3.2.3 service components:** The components that offer functionalities to any upper layers, regardless of the type of software and hardware in the resource layer. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|-----------------------------------| +| API | Application Programming Interface | +| EPG | Electronic Programme Guide | +| GUI | Graphical User Interface | +| HTML | Hypertext Markup Language | + +| | | +|------|--------------------------------| +| HTTP | Hypertext Transfer Protocol | +| HW | Hardware | +| OS | Operating System | +| PVR | Personal Video Recorder | +| RAL | Resource Abstraction Layer | +| RAM | Random Access Memory | +| RTSP | Real Time Streaming Protocol | +| SCP | Service and Content Protection | +| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol | +| SW | Software | +| VOD | Video on Demand | + +# 5 Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware + +The IPTV middleware supports the variety of functionalities (e.g., EPG, PVR, gaming, etc.) provided by the IPTV architecture to the IPTV terminal devices. Two types of middleware configuration can be considered: terminal middleware and distributed service enabler. This Recommendation focuses on the terminal middleware, whereas the definition of the distributed service enabler and its technical details are under study and may be the subject of a future ITU-T Recommendation. Figure 5-1 provides an overview of the IPTV middleware architecture, where the terminal middleware is illustrated on the left side. + +![Figure 5-1 – IPTV middleware architecture diagram. The diagram shows a layered architecture. At the top is the IPTV application (green). Below it, on the left, is the Terminal middleware (light blue) which includes an API (orange) and Terminal RAL (orange). On the right, there is a Service platform middleware (yellow) which also includes an API (orange) and a Service platform (resource abstraction layer) (RAL) (orange). A Bridge (double-headed arrow) connects the Terminal middleware and the Service platform middleware. At the bottom is the Resources (HW and SW) (orange). A red box labeled 'Scope of this Recommendation' encloses the IPTV application, the Terminal middleware, and the Bridge.](d0abac95583b52a3b35f74a215567334_img.jpg) + +J.701(08)\_F5-1 + +Figure 5-1 – IPTV middleware architecture diagram. The diagram shows a layered architecture. At the top is the IPTV application (green). Below it, on the left, is the Terminal middleware (light blue) which includes an API (orange) and Terminal RAL (orange). On the right, there is a Service platform middleware (yellow) which also includes an API (orange) and a Service platform (resource abstraction layer) (RAL) (orange). A Bridge (double-headed arrow) connects the Terminal middleware and the Service platform middleware. At the bottom is the Resources (HW and SW) (orange). A red box labeled 'Scope of this Recommendation' encloses the IPTV application, the Terminal middleware, and the Bridge. + +**Figure 5-1 – IPTV middleware architecture** + +The following description of IPTV middleware architecture components includes more issues than those addressed within the scope of this Recommendation. + +## IPTV application layer + +The application layer is the layer where operators and third parties provide services and applications. These services and applications include EPG applications, VOD, linear TV streams, PVR, games, Internet applications as well as other value-added services. + +## API + +An API is essentially a set of operations (or methods) that can be invoked on a component, each of which causes the component to exhibit behavioural functionality. + +## IPTV middleware + +The IPTV middleware is divided into a service platform middleware and a terminal middleware linked through a bridge. + +The IPTV middleware invokes the lower layer resources (e.g., network interfaces) to control them, and provides APIs for upper layers. + +It is recommended that the IPTV middleware implement the relevant functional modules and end-user functions described in [ITU-T Y.1910]. + +The IPTV middleware also provides some specific functions: + +- resource management function, a functional module to manage system resources in IPTV terminal devices; +- application management function, a functional module to manage the life cycle of the applications and interaction operations between them. + +## Resource abstraction layers + +The resource abstraction layer (RAL) makes the middleware independent of lower software and hardware layers. + +The resources abstracted in the RAL include: + +- software resources, such as drivers and OS; +- hardware resources, such as computing devices, CPU, storage devices, codec, rendering devices (e.g., display, speaker), IO devices. + +# 6 Broadcast-centric IPTV terminal middleware architecture + +Figure 6-1 shows the IPTV terminal middleware architecture (note that this architecture is compatible with the architecture shown in Figure 1 of [ITU-T J.200]). + +![Diagram of IPTV terminal middleware architecture showing layers from User experience and application layer down to Resources (HW and SW).](5a24ac755b962fd5f0183f13de0726de_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the IPTV terminal middleware architecture. It consists of several layers stacked vertically. From top to bottom, they are: 'User experience and application layer', 'Presentation engine layer', 'Service logic adaptation layer', 'Service components', 'RAL' (Resource Abstraction Layer), and 'Resources (HW and SW)'. On the left, four blue boxes with arrows point to specific parts of the architecture: 'UE skin and customization' points to the top layer, 'Multiple engine architecture' points to the 'Presentation engine layer', 'Service logic adaptation' points to the 'Service logic adaptation layer', and 'Resource abstraction layer' points to the 'RAL' layer. Inside the 'Service components' layer, there are six boxes: 'System mgmt', 'Media mgmt', 'Com.', 'Metadata', '...', and 'Application manager'. An 'API' icon is shown between the 'Presentation engine layer' and the 'Service logic adaptation layer'. The label 'J.701(08)\_F6-1' is at the bottom left. + +Diagram of IPTV terminal middleware architecture showing layers from User experience and application layer down to Resources (HW and SW). + +**Figure 6-1 – IPTV terminal middleware architecture – Overview** + +## Resource abstraction layer (RAL) + +The IPTV terminal middleware is hardware-agnostic. A specific resource abstraction layer (RAL) exists for each specific hardware and operating system. This provides the necessary interface to the + +lower layers (e.g., RAM, network access, hard drive, USB port, etc.). The RAL interface is designed so that device drivers can be written irrespective of the service logic adaptation layer. + +## **Service logic adaptation layer** + +The service logic adaptation layer is made of service components. The service components are components that offer functionalities common to all middleware implementations (e.g., service selection and presentation, service information management, PVR, security systems). They are used and enriched by the application services in order to simplify the development of service components and applications above it. + +The definition and the scope of services depend on the concrete functionalities deployed in the IPTV system. + +Nevertheless, some service components can be defined that are generic in nature: + +- system and resource management component; +- media management component; +- communication component; +- security component; +- metadata access component; +- user interaction component; +- audience measurement component. + +All these components can optionally use the functions available on the network. + +## **Presentation engine layer** + +The presentation engine layer may include various engines along with a set of high-level services. This layer is built on top of the service logic adaptation layer. + +For procedural applications, the IPTV terminal middleware is recommended to be equipped with elements defined in Figure 2 of [ITU-T J.200], in the service logic adaptation layer and the presentation engine layer. For declarative applications, the IPTV terminal middleware is recommended to be equipped with elements defined in Figure 3 of [ITU-T J.200], in the service logic adaptation layer and the presentation engine layer. The definitions of "procedural application" and "declarative application" can also be found in [ITU-T J.200]. + +## **User experience and application layer** + +The applications are either downloaded or resident. In particular, an application is powered by a presentation engine (e.g., HTML browser). An application can either have full or restricted access to the presentation engine layer features. Moreover, some applications may directly access the service logic adaptation layer without using a presentation engine or may also directly access the resource abstraction layer. + +## **6.1 IPTV terminal middleware components and APIs** + +This clause describes the functionalities of the IPTV terminal middleware components and identifies their APIs. + +### **6.1.1 System and resource management component** + +The system and resource management component is used to manage IPTV terminal device resources, and provide the software initialization API, the upgrade and download API, the system resources management API, and the terminal management API to the upper application layer. + +**Software initialization and diagnosis API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for initializing the IPTV terminal device, preparing the running environment and providing diagnostic capabilities to the IPTV terminal device. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- configuration of the IPTV terminal device; +- initialization of tasks, such as application management, service and content protection (SCP) task, subscriber authentication process, etc.; +- network connection initialization, such as to get network parameter, configure access mode, etc.; +- initialization of resources, such as memory, timer, I/O equipment, A/V decoder and other system resources; +- coordination with other IPTV terminal device APIs, such as to work with the security and authentication API (see clause 6.1.4) to start the user authentication procedure, to work together with the upgrade and download API to check software version and perform the software upgrade procedure; +- diagnosis of the IPTV terminal device. + +**Device software upgrade API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for the dynamic downloading and upgrading of the IPTV terminal device. This API covers terminal middleware and lower layer. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- device software download and upgrade for middleware layer; +- device software download and upgrade for resource abstraction layer; +- validity check of device software and data. + +**Terminal management API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for the IPTV terminal management and configuration function. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- remote management; +- log management; +- software version management; +- server parameter configuration, such as server address configuration; +- access mode and parameter configuration; +- media device parameter configuration, such as the decoder; +- subscriber configuration, such as access account and service account. + +**System resource management API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for scheduling resources used by applications and managing their status. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- status registration of resource usage by application; +- allocation and scheduling of resource to application; +- resource release management. + +**Removable storage API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for accessing the information available in a removable storage device (e.g., USB connected external memory device). + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- access user information, such as user authentication, user ID, network access authority; + +- access service information, such as service profile authorized by service providers; +- access billing information, such as prepaid account, fees consumed; +- access user preferences such as accessibility features and display settings. + +### 6.1.2 Media management component + +Media management component is responsible for managing media streaming, media presentation and media storing, and providing media service API to the upper layer. + +**Media service API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for managing media streaming and media presentation. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- media streaming management, such as media streaming session set-up and control for VoD, multicast linear TV, unicast linear TV and time shift; +- media decoder control; +- media rendering and playback control management, such as play, stop, pause and resume; +- closed caption presentation and control (e.g., selection, showing and hiding); +- triggering of the SCP process; +- media buffer management (e.g., acquisition of buffer status). + +**PVR and storage management API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for managing PVR functions, and storage device and stored contents. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- media recording and playback; +- programmed recording; +- storage device management (e.g., status acquisition of the storage device); +- stored media management. + +### 6.1.3 Communication component + +The communication component is responsible for IPTV terminal device communications. It includes two APIs: the basic communication API and the supplemental communication API. + +**Application download API:** an IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for downloading applications from the service platform. Terminal devices can download applications from the service platform through this API. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- Download and install applications and related information from the service platform to terminals. Examples of assumed use cases of this application download API are as follows. + - download the menu application when the terminal is booted; + - download new applications (such as game application, etc.) from the service platform; + - download updated versions of the pre-installed application. Note that the pre-installed application does not include the device software addressed in clause 6.1.1. +- Coordination with the security and authentication API to check validity of the application. + +**Supplemental communication API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for supplemental service communication. Supplemental services includes Internet browsing, e-mail and user-to-user communication services such as text messaging, voice/video chat, caller ID and presence. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- Internet client management, such as web browser, e-mail and news client; +- signalling protocol for user-to-user communications (SIP); +- protocol support for presence (SIMPLE); +- media encoding and decoding capability exchange for user-to-user communication; +- media transport capability for user-to-user communication. + +Mainly, the application which equips user-to-user communication capability is expected to be a pre-installed application or a certified application that is granted proper network access rights. + +### 6.1.4 Security component + +Security component is responsible for the security mechanism of the whole system, including subscriber authentication, media authorization, network security, software upgrade security, and service application security. This middleware service component provides the security and authentication API and the SCP API to the upper layer. + +**Security and authentication API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for the security mechanism of whole system, including subscriber authentication, network security, software upgrade, service application security, etc. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- subscriber authentication and identification information management; +- authorization of services and/or applications; +- software upgrade and download authentication; +- network security policy management; +- key, token and registration information management; +- parental control-related information management; +- content purchasing information management. + +**SCP API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for processing rights control messages, processing rights management messages, and enabling the upper layer to access the rights SCP system. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- license management; +- right management; +- key management; +- decryption control of media stream and data stream. + +### 6.1.5 Metadata access component + +The metadata access component is responsible for metadata system access, the metadata presentation and service selection management, and provides the metadata access API to the upper layer. + +**Metadata API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for metadata system access. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- metadata acquisition; +- metadata acquisition management; +- metadata compression and decompression. + +### 6.1.6 User interaction component + +The user interaction component is responsible for interacting with end-users, and for dispatching events originated by the end user to the application layer user interaction API in the application layer. + +**End-user interaction API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for the interaction with end users, and for dispatching events originated by the end user to the application layer. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- interaction with end user's operation, via keyboard, mouse or remote controller; +- receiving and dispatching events from the end user to the application layer; +- display of text information to request an end user's response, e.g., service provider's terms and conditions notification to the end user; +- display of service provider logo. + +**Graphical user interface API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for providing the GUI engine to upper applications to implement the graphic design, display and control function. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- graphic design and display function; +- user interface control interface design and display function; +- text rendering; +- set image and video attribute, and draw. + +### 6.1.7 Metric gathering component + +**Audience measurement API:** An IPTV terminal middleware API that is responsible for audience measurement. It is applicable for viewership data tracking. As this API deals with user privacy aspects, it needs to comply with privacy protection laws in each region and/or with standards such as [b-OECD], [b-ISO/IEC 27001] and [b-ISO/IEC 27002]. It means that end-user permission has to be considered when collecting and transferring private data into a viewership data tracking server. + +This API is used to execute the following functions: + +- measurement and transmission timing management; +- context information management; +- end-user permission management. + +## 6.2 Classification of IPTV terminal middleware components APIs + +Table 6-1 provides the list of recommended and optional APIs. + +**Table 6-1 – IPTV terminal middleware components – API classification** + +| API | Recommended | Optional | +|---------------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------| +| Software initialization and diagnosis | X | | +| Device software upgrade | X | | +| Terminal management | | X | +| System resource management | | X | +| Removable storage | | X | +| Media service | X | | +| PVR and storage management | | X | +| Application download | X | | +| Supplemental communication | | X | +| Security and authentication | X | | +| SCP | X | | +| Metadata | X | | +| End-user interaction | X | | +| Graphical user interface | | X | +| Audience measurement | | X | + +# Bibliography + +- [b-IPTV-GSI TD 17] FG IPTV deliverable "IPTV middleware". +- [b-OECD] OECD (1980), *OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data*. +- [b-ISO/IEC 27001] ISO/IEC 27001:2005, *Information technology – Security techniques – Information security management systems – Requirements*. +- [b-ISO/IEC 27002] ISO/IEC 27002:2005, *Information technology – Security techniques – Code of practice for information security management*. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.800.2-200806-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.800.2-200806-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6c619004fb7a09d094c953504b7e5f63ff2140ae --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.800.2-200806-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,789 @@ + + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.800.2** + +(06/2008) + +SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION +OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER +MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Multimedia over IP in cable + +# --- Cable definition MIB specification + +Recommendation ITU-T J.800.2 + +![ITU logo](84a1d09fb489061482111515543b60dc_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) features a globe with a red lightning bolt striking it, symbolizing global communication. To the right of the globe, the text "International Telecommunication Union" is written in a blue, sans-serif font. + +ITU logo + + + +## **Recommendation ITU-T J.800.2** + +## **Cable definition MIB specification** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.800.2 is referenced by several Cable industry projects including IP Cable Modems, IPCable2Home, and IPCablecom. It defines the Cable ASN.1 object identifier assignments from which each project assigns its own MIB information modules. + +## **Source** + +Recommendation ITU-T J.800.2 was approved on 13 June 2008 by ITU-T Study Group 9 (2005-2008) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedure. + +# FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2009 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 2.1 Normative References ..... | 2 | +| 2.2 Informative References ..... | 2 | +| 2.3 Reference Acquisition ..... | 2 | +| 3 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 4 Requirements ..... | 3 | +| Annex A – Requirements for European Specifications ..... | 10 | + + + +## Recommendation ITU-T J.800.2 + +## Cable definition MIB specification + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the namespace organization for the Cable industry enterprise MIB. It defines Cable Definition MIB modules whose purpose is to centrally allocate Object Identifiers (OIDs) for cable and, as such, to provide the private layout of the cable industry Object Identifier structure. + +There are regional differences in the general service environment where cable industry technologies are deployed which lead to varying requirements for the organization of the namespace of the cable industry enterprise MIB. Therefore, two options for the namespace organization are included that have equal priority and are not required to be implemented in parallel nor to be interoperable. + +The first of these options is defined in clause 4 and provides the Cable Definition MIB module (CLAB-DEF-MIB) to be applied for cable technology implementing the technology option adapted to a service environment like in North America. For the second technology option, the content of clause 4 is replaced by the content of Annex A. It defines two Definition MIB modules (ECL-DEF-MIB and EXCENTIS-MIB) and is to be applied in service environments like those found in Europe. + +Compliance with this Recommendation requires compliance with the one or the other of these options, not with both. It is not required that equipment built to one option interoperates with equipment built to the other. + +NOTE – The structure and content of this Recommendation have been organized for ease of use by those familiar with the original source material; as such, the usual style of ITU-T recommendations has not been applied. + +# 2 References + +This Recommendation is referenced by several Cable industry projects including DOCSIS, IPCable2Home, and IPCablecom. It defines the Cable OID registry from which each project assigns its own MIB information modules. As such, the Cable Definition MIB constitutes a normative reference to several Cable industry Recommendations, including those listed below. + +## DOCSIS Specifications + +- [ITU-T J.126] Recommendation ITU-T J.126, *Embedded Cable Modem device specification*. +- [ITU-T J.128] Recommendation ITU-T J.128, *Set-top gateway specification for transmission systems for interactive cable television services*. +- [ITU-T J.213] Recommendation ITU-T J.213, *Layer 2 virtual private networks for IP cable modem systems*. +- [ITU-T J.214] Recommendation ITU-T J.214, *Cable modem TDM emulation interface*. + +## IP Cable2Home Recommendations + +- [ITU-T J.191] Recommendation ITU-T J.191, *IP feature package to enhance cable modems*. +- [ITU-T J.192] Recommendation ITU-T J.192, *A residential gateway to support the delivery of cable data services*. + +## IP Cablecom Recommendations + +- [ITU-T J.166] Recommendation ITU-T J.166, *IP Cablecom Management Information Base (MIB) framework*. +- [ITU-T J.170] Recommendation ITU-T J.170, *IP Cablecom security specification*. + +The Cable Definition MIB Specification follows the Internet Standard Management Framework described in [IETF RFC 3410]. The Cable Definition MIB module also imports its X.509 textual convention from [IETF RFC 2578] and [IETF RFC 4131]. + +## 2.1 Normative References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +[IETF RFC 2578] IETF RFC 2578, *Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)*, April 1999. + +[IETF RFC 4131] IETF RFC 4131, *Management Information Base for Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) Cable Modems and Cable Modem Termination Systems for Baseline Privacy Plus*, September 2005. + +## 2.2 Informative References + +The following informative reference is used in this Recommendation. + +[IETF RFC 3410] IETF RFC 3410, *Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet Standard Management Framework*, December 2002. + +## 2.3 Reference Acquisition + +IETF Specifications: + +IETF Secretariat, 46000 Center Oak Plaza, Sterling, VA 20166, Phone: +1-571-434-3500, Fax: +1-571-434-3535; . + +# 3 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|---------|-------------------------------------------------| +| BSoD | Business Services over DOCSIS | +| CA | Certificate Authority | +| CM | Cable Modem | +| CMS | Call Management Server | +| CMTS | Cable Modem Termination System | +| CPE | Customer Premises Equipment | +| CVC | Code Verification Certificate | +| DEPI | Downstream External PHY Interface | +| DER | Distinguished Encoding Rules | +| DOCSIS | Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification | +| DSID | Downstream Service Identifier | +| DTI | DOCSIS Timing Interface | +| eDOCSIS | Embedded DOCSIS | + +| | | +|--------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| eSAFE | Embedded Service/Application Functional Entity | +| KDC | Key Distribution Centre | +| L2VPN | Layer 2 Virtual Private Network | +| M-CMTS | Modular Cable Modem Termination System | +| MIB | Management Information Base | +| OID | Object Identifier | +| OSSI | Operations Support System Interface | +| PS | Portal Services | +| PW | Pseudo Wire | +| QoS | Quality of Service | +| RFI | Radio Frequency Interface | +| SLED | Software Loopback for eDOCSIS | +| TDM | Time Division Multiplexing | +| TEA | TDM Emulation Adapter | +| X509 | Recommendation ITU-T X.509: Information Technology – Open Systems Interconnection – The Directory: Authentication Framework | + +# 4 Requirements + +This clause applies to the first technology option referred to in clause 1. For the second option, refer to Annex A. + +The Cable Definition MIB MUST be implemented as defined below. + +``` + +CLAB-DEF-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN +IMPORTS + MODULE-IDENTITY, + OBJECT-TYPE, + enterprises + FROM SNMPv2-SMI -- RFC 2578 + TEXTUAL-CONVENTION + FROM SNMPv2-TC -- RFC 2579 + DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate + FROM DOCS-IETF-BPI2-MIB; -- RFC 4131 + +cableLabs MODULE-IDENTITY + LAST-UPDATED "200803060000Z" -- March 6, 2008 + ORGANIZATION "Cable Television Laboratories, Inc." + CONTACT-INFO + "Postal: Cable Television Laboratories + 858 Coal Creek Circle + Louisville, Colorado 80027-9750 + U.S.A. + Phone: +1 303-661-9100 + Fax: +1 303-661-9199 + E-mail: mibs@cablelabs.com" + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB module defines the namespace organization for the + CableLabs enterprise OID registry." + REVISION "200803060000Z" -- March 6, 2008 + DESCRIPTION + "Revised Version includes ECN MIB-CLABDEF-N-07.0032-4 and + +``` + +``` + + published as CL-SP-MIB-CLABDEF-I07." +REVISION "200701191700Z" -- January 19, 2007 +DESCRIPTION + "This revision published as CL-SP-MIB-CLABDEF-I06." +REVISION "200504081700Z" -- April 8, 2005 +DESCRIPTION + "This revision published as CL-SP-MIB-CLABDEF-I05." +::= { enterprises 4491 } + +-- Sub-tree for Registrations +clabFunction OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 1 } +clabFuncMib2 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabFunction 1 } +clabFuncProprietary OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabFunction 2 } + +-- Sub-tree for Project Definitions +clabProject OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 2 } +clabProjDosis OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 1 } +clabProjPacketCable OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 2 } +clabProjOpenCable OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 3 } +clabProjCableHome OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProject 4 } + +-- Sub-tree for Global Security Definitions +clabSecurity OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 3 } +clabSecCertObject OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabSecurity 1 } + +-- Sub-tree for CableLabs cross project common MIB definitions +clabCommonMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { cableLabs 4 } + +-- +-- CableLabs DOCSIS Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- +-- +-- CableLabs CableHome Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- +-- +-- CableLabs PacketCable Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- + +pktcSecurity OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- CableLabs OID reserved for security and used to specify errors +-- that can be returned for the Kerberos KDC - Provisioning +-- Server interface, or the MTA-CMS Kerberized IPsec interface, or +-- the MTA-Provisioning Server Kerberized SNMPv3 interface. +-- CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification +::= { clabProjPacketCable 4 } + +pktcLawfulIntercept OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- CableLabs OID reserved for the PacketCable Electronic +-- Surveillance Protocol (PCESP) between the Delivery Function +-- and Collection Function. This OID is used to define the ASN.1 +-- PCESP messages. +-- CableLabs PacketCable Electronic Surveillance Protocol +-- Specification +::= { clabProjPacketCable 5 } + +-- +-- Sub-tree for PacketCable MIB Enhancements +-- + +pktcEnhancements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { clabProjPacketCable 6 } + +-- Subtree for the incorporation of new MIB Modules + +``` + +- (MIB enhancements) proposed to the PacketCable MIB modules. +- This includes new MIB objects being introduced +- as part of the PacketCable MIB enhancement efforts +- and as a place holder for future revisions. +- This sub-division would facilitate easier incorporation +- of proposed IETF Internet-Drafts and RFCs by keeping enhancements +- independent of RFC or Internet-Draft changes. +- For new MIB tables that use previously used indices, it is +- recommended that the AUGMENT CLAUSE be used to aid SNMP Operations, +- as deemed necessary. + +## pktcPACMMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER + +- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic MIB +- Objects related to Provisioning, Activation, +- Configuration and Management (PACM) +- Reference: +- CableLabs PacketCable PACM Specification. + +::= { clabProjPacketCable 7 } + +## pktcApplicationMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER + +- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic MIB +- Objects related to Service specific definitions +- Reference: +- CableLabs PacketCable Service specifications + +::= { clabProjPacketCable 8 } + +## pktcSupportMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER + +- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic MIB +- Objects related to service support definitions, +- (independent of PACM or service specific definitions) +- Reference: +- CableLabs PacketCable specifications + +::= { clabProjPacketCable 9 } + +## pktcEUEMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER + +- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic MIB +- Objects related to PacketCable E-UE +- Provisioning. +- Reference: +- CableLabs PacketCable E-UE Provisioning +- Framework specification + +::= { clabProjPacketCable 10 } + +-- + +-- PacketCable PACM sub-tree + +-- + +## pktcPACMTC OBJECT IDENTIFIER + +- PacketCable MIB module defining PacketCable +- textual conventions for describing PacketCable +- PACM MIB objects. +- Reference +- CableLabs PacketCable Provisioning, Activation, +- Configuration and Management specification + +::= { pktcPACMMibs 1 } + +## pktcPACMUEMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + +- PacketCable MIB module defining PacketCable +- PACM MIB Objects related to User Equipment. +- Reference +- CableLabs PacketCable Provisioning, Activation, +- Configuration and Management specification + +::= { pktcPACMMibs 2 } + +``` + +pktcPACMUserMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module defining PacketCable +-- PACM MIB Objects related to Users. +-- Reference +-- CableLabs PacketCable Provisioning, Activation, +-- Configuration and Management specification +::= { pktcPACMMibs 3 } + +-- +-- PacketCable Service support sub-tree +-- + +pktcESSupportMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module defining PacketCable +-- Electronic Surveillance (ES) support MIB Objects. +-- Reference +-- CableLabs PacketCable Electronic Surveillance +-- specification +::= { pktcSupportMibs 1 } + +-- +-- PacketCable EUE sub-tree +-- + +pktcEUEDeviceMibs OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module defining PacketCable +-- E-UE configuration MIB Objects for specific +-- E-UE types, such as the E-DVA. +-- Reference +-- CableLabs PacketCable E-UE Provisioning +-- Framework specification +::= { pktcEUEMibs 1 } + +-- +-- CableLabs OpenCable Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- + +-- +-- Definition of CableLabs Security Certificate Objects +-- + +clabSrcvPrvdrRootCACert OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded CableLabs Service Provider Root CA + Certificate." +REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." +::= { clabSecCertObject 1 } + +clabCVCRootCACert OBJECT-TYPE +SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate +MAX-ACCESS read-only +STATUS current +DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded CableLabs CVC Root CA Certificate." +REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." +::= { clabSecCertObject 2 } + +``` + +``` + +clabCVCCACert OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded CableLabs CVC CA Certificate." + REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." + ::= { clabSecCertObject 3 } + +clabMfgCVCCert OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded Manufacturer CVC Certificate." + REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." + ::= { clabSecCertObject 4 } + +clabMfgCACert OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX DocsX509ASN1DEREncodedCertificate + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The X509 DER-encoded Manufacturer CA Certificate." + REFERENCE + "CableLabs CableHome Specification; + CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification." + ::= { clabSecCertObject 5 } + +-- +-- CableLabs cross project common MIB sub-tree definitions +-- + +clabUpsMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- CableLabs cross project MIB module defining the basic management + -- objects for the configuration and monitoring of the battery + -- backup and UPS functionality for CableLabs compliant devices. + ::= { clabCommonMibs 1 } + +clabTopoMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- This CableLabs cross project MIB module provides + -- management objects for the management of fiber + -- nodes in the Cable plant + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs DOCSIS 3.0 OSSI Specification. + ::= { clabCommonMibs 2 } + +-- +-- Textual Conventions +-- + +-- +-- DOCSIS Defined Textual Conventions +-- + +``` + +``` + +DocsL2vpnIfList ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "An object of this type indicates a set of CM + MAC bridge interfaces, encoded as a BITS syntax with a ?1? + Bit for each interface included in the set. + + Bit position eCM(0) represents a conceptual interface to + the internal 'self' host MAC of the eCM itself. All other + bit positions K correspond to CM MAC bridge port interface + index with ifIndex value K. + + A BITS object is encoded as an OCTET STRING, which may have + length zero. Bit position 0 is encoded in the most + significant bit of the first octet, proceeding to + bit position 7 in the least significant bit. Bit position 8 + is encoded in the most significant bit of the second octet, + and so on. + + In a CM, ifIndex value 1 corresponds to the primary CPE + interface. In CableHome devices, this interface is assigned + to the embedded Portal Services (ePS) host interface, which + provides a portal to the primary physical CPE interface. + In many contexts of a DocsL2VpnIfList, a '1' in bit + position 1 corresponds to 'any' or 'all' CPE interfaces + when the CM contains more than one CPE interface. + + ifIndex value 2 corresponds to the docsCableMacLayer + RF MAC interface. + + ifIndex values 3 and 4 correspond to the + docsCableDownstream and docsCableUpstream interfaces, + respectively, which are not separate MAC bridge port + interfaces. Bit positions 3 and 4 are unused in this type; + they must be saved and reported as configured, but + otherwise ignored. + + ifIndex values 5 through 15 are reserved for individual + CPE interfaces for devices that implement more than one + CPE interface. In such devices, DocsL2vpnIfList bit + position 1 corresponds to the set of all CPE interfaces. + A CM with more than one CPE interface MAY assign a + DocsL2vpnIfList bit position within the range of 5..15 to + refer to the single primary CPE interface. + + ifIndex value 16 is assigned to any embedded Multimedia + Terminal Adapter (eMTA) as defined by PacketCable. + + ifIndex value 17 is assigned to the IP management host + interface of an embedded Set Top Box (eSTB). ifIndex value + 18 is reserved for the DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) traffic + delivered to an eSTB. + + ifIndex values 19 through 31 are + reserved for future defined embedded Service Application." + +SYNTAX BITS { + eCm(0), + cmci(1), + docsCableMacLayer(2), + docsCableDownstream(3), + docsCableUpstream(4), + -- 5..15 reserved for other CPE interfaces +} + +``` + +``` +eMta(16), +eStbIp(17), +eStbDsg(18) +-- 19..31 reserved for other eSAFE interfaces +} +``` + +END + +# Annex A + +## Requirements for European Specifications + +(This annex forms an integral part of this Recommendation) + +This annex applies to the second technology option referred to in clause 1. For the first option, refer to clause 4. + +The Definition MIB modules MUST be implemented as defined below. + +``` +ECL-DEF-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN +IMPORTS + MODULE-IDENTITY, + OBJECT-TYPE, + enterprises + FROM SNMPv2-SMI; + +euroCableLabs MODULE-IDENTITY + LAST-UPDATED "200611021000Z" -- 02 November 2006 + ORGANIZATION "EuroCableLabs" + CONTACT-INFO + "Editor: Volker Leisse + Postal: EuroCableLabs + Avenue des Arts 41 + 1040 Brussels + Belgium + Phone: +49 531 391-2478 + Fax: +49 531 391-5192 + E-mail: mib@eurocablelabs.com" + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB module defines the organization of the namespace + for the EuroCableLabs enterprise OID registry." + + REVISION "200601051000Z" -- 05 January 2006 + DESCRIPTION + "This revision was published as ECL-SP-MIB-DEF-D01." + REVISION "200611021000Z" -- 02 November 2006 + DESCRIPTION + "This revision implements MIB-CLABDEF-N-06.0023-2 and + was published as ECL-SP-MIB-DEF-D02." + ::= { enterprises 24624 } + +-- Sub-tree for Registrations +eclFunction OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { euroCableLabs 1 } + +-- Sub-tree for Project Definitions +eclProject OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { euroCableLabs 2 } +eclProjDocsIs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { eclProject 1 } +eclProjPacketCable OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { eclProject 2 } + +-- Sub-tree for Global Security Definitions +eclSecurity OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { euroCableLabs 3 } + +-- Sub-tree for cross project common MIB definitions +eclCommon OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { euroCableLabs 4 } + +-- +-- EuroPacketCable Project Sub-tree Definitions +-- +pktcEclMtaMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic management object for +``` + +``` + +-- the Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA) devices compliant with +-- PacketCable requirements. +::= { eclProjPacketCable 1 } + +pktcEclSigMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic management object for +-- the PacketCable MTA Signaling protocols. This version of the MIB +-- includes common signaling and Network Call Signaling (NCS) +-- related signaling objects. +::= { eclProjPacketCable 2 } + +pktcEclEventMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module defining the basic management objects for +-- event reporting. +-- Reference +-- CableLabs PacketCable Management Event Specification +::= { eclProjPacketCable 3 } + +pktcEclSecurity OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- OID reserved for security and used to specify errors +-- that can be returned for the Kerberos KDC - Provisioning +-- Server interface, or the MTA-CMS Kerberized IPsec interface, or +-- the MTA-Provisioning Server Kerberized SNMPv3 interface. +-- Reference +-- CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification +::= { eclProjPacketCable 4 } + +pktcEclLawfulIntercept OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- OID reserved for management objects for the PacketCable Lawful +-- Intercept specifications between the Delivery Function +-- and Collection Function. This OID is used to define the ASN.1 +-- syntax of related messages. +-- Reference +-- +::= { eclProjPacketCable 5 } + +pktcEclEnhancements OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- The following MIB OBJECTS are being introduced for +-- incorporation of new MIB objects (MIB enhancements). +-- This includes new MIB objects being introduced +-- as part of the PacketCable MIB Enhancement efforts +-- and as a place holder for future revisions. +-- This sub-division would facilitate easier incorporation +-- of proposed IETF Drafts/RFCs by keeping enhancements +-- independent of RFC/Draft changes. +-- For new MIB tables that use previously used indices, it is +-- recommended that the AUGMENT CLAUSE be used to aid SNMP Operations, +-- as deemed necessary. +::= { eclProjPacketCable 6 } + +-- +-- Sub-tree for EuroPacketCable MIB Enhancements +-- +pktcEclEnMtaMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER +-- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management +-- objects defined by the MIB group pktcMtaMib for the Multimedia +-- Terminal Adapter (MTA) devices compliant with PacketCable +-- requirements. +-- Reference: +-- CableLabs PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification. +::= { pktcEclEnhancements 1 } + +``` + +``` + +pktcEclEnSigMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management + -- objects defined by the MIB group pktcSigMib for the + -- PacketCable MTA Signaling protocols. + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs PacketCable MTA Device Provisioning Specification. + ::= { pktcEclEnhancements 2 } + +pktcEclEnEventMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management + -- objects defined by the MIB group pktcEventMib for event reporting. + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs PacketCable Management Event Specification. + ::= { pktcEclEnhancements 3 } + +pktcEclEnSecurityMib OBJECT IDENTIFIER + -- PacketCable MIB module enhancements to the basic management + -- objects defined by the reserved MIB group pktcSecurity. + -- Reference: + -- CableLabs PacketCable Security Specification. + ::= { pktcEclEnhancements 4 } + +-- +-- End of sub-tree for EuroPacketCable MIB Enhancements +-- + +END + +EXCENTIS-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN +IMPORTS + MODULE-IDENTITY, + enterprises + FROM SNMPv2-SMI; + +excentis MODULE-IDENTITY + LAST-UPDATED "2006111500000Z" + ORGANIZATION "Excentis" + CONTACT-INFO + "Wim De Ketelaere + Gildestraat 8 + B-9000 Ghent + Belgium + Tel: +32 9 269 22 91 + Fax: +32 9 329 31 74 + Email: wim.deketelaere@excentis.com" + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB module defines the organization of the namespace + for the Excentis enterprise OID registry." + ::= { enterprises 7432 } + +END + +``` + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks, open system communications and security | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.86-199006-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.86-199006-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..39c355bf3f85610cdc9f2418acb16cb52f442890 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.86-199006-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + +![ITU logo](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) features the letters 'ITU' in a bold, sans-serif font, superimposed on a stylized globe with intersecting lines. + +ITU logo + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +**J.86** + +**(ex CMTT.658)** + +**(06/90)** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**TELEVISION AND SOUND TRANSMISSION** + +--- + +**MIXED ANALOGUE-AND-DIGITAL +TRANSMISSION OF ANALOGUE +COMPOSITE TELEVISION SIGNALS +OVER LONG DISTANCES** + +**ITU-T Recommendation J.86** + +(Formerly Recommendation ITU-R CMTT.658) + +--- + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, established the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +ITU-T Recommendation J.86 (formerly Recommendation ITU-R CMTT.658) was elaborated by the former ITU-R Study Group CMTT. See Note 1 below. + +# --- NOTES + +1 As a consequence of a reform process within the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the CCITT ceased to exist as of 28 February 1993. In its place, the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) was created as of 1 March 1993. Similarly, in this reform process, the CCIR and the IFRB have been replaced by the Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R). + +Conforming to a joint decision by the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (Helsinki, March 1993) and the Radiocommunication Assembly (Geneva, November 1993), the ITU-R Study Group CMTT was transferred to ITU-T as Study Group 9, except for the satellite news gathering (SNG) study area which was transferred to ITU-R Study Group 4. + +2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +# **MIXED ANALOGUE-AND-DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF ANALOGUE COMPOSITE TELEVISION SIGNALS OVER LONG DISTANCES** + +*(1986; revised 1990)* + +The CCIR, + +# CONSIDERING + +- (a) that, although television studios may progressively adopt operation based on separate component coding (e.g. according to Recommendation 601 for digital systems), existing analogue operation using composite signals will continue for a considerable time (see Note 1); +- (b) that a transitional period will occur during which analogue composite television signals will be transmitted through a circuit comprising analogue and digital sections in tandem; +- (c) that to facilitate the international transmission of television programmes during the transitional period, the methods of coding should preserve the quality of the colour television signals (e.g. NTSC, SECAM, PAL) and of the ancillary and additional signals (e.g. insertion test signals, teletext, etc.); +- (d) that, when establishing digital circuit sections, account should be taken of the different digital transmission hierarchies and the H-channel rates and interfaces for ISDN recommended by the CCITT; +- (e) that while the use of bit-rate reduction techniques could be economically desirable, further studies are required before coding methods to comply with (c) above can be recommended, + +# UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS + +1. that when carrying a television signal presented in analogue composite form, preference should be given to all-analogue paths. However, in cases where mixed analogue-and-digital paths are unavoidable, the principles given in this Recommendation should be followed; +2. that the number of digital sections in a real circuit should be kept to the minimum; +3. that the hypothetical reference circuit for mixed analogue-and-digital transmission shall be equivalent to that defined in § A.1.2 of Recommendation 567, which applies to the case where the three sections all use analogue transmission. When one or more sections use digital transmission, the same structure should apply but modifications may be required for sections employing digital transmission (see Note 2). The signals at the input and output, and at the intermediate interconnection points of the hypothetical reference circuit, are in analogue form (see Note 3); +4. that the design objectives and tolerances specified for a hypothetical reference circuit in Recommendation 567 should also apply for mixed analogue-and-digital transmission (see Note 4); +5. that the overall quality of the hypothetical reference circuit, when considered against the objective and subjective criteria defined by Study Group 11, shall be no worse than the equivalent analogue system. In practice this may be achieved by using the parameter values defined in Annex I (see Note 5). + +--- + +1) Formerly Recommendation ITU-R CMTT.658. + +*Note 1* – This Recommendation does not apply either to component analogue signals or to encrypted signals. These areas require further study which should lead to new Recommendations. + +*Note 2* – The detailed requirements for the digital sections of the hypothetical reference circuit require further study on such issues as their lengths, the number of digital sections permitted, etc. Section 6 of Report 646 gives details of the progress achieved in defining the digital sections and of the areas where further studies are required. + +*Note 3* – In real circuits, when two digital sections are interconnected, it is not necessary, apart from adjustment periods, to introduce an analogue interface. + +*Note 4* – Some additions to the methods of test specified in Recommendation 567 may need to be added to this new Recommendation for application where digital sections are included (see Report 819). Moreover, additional tests and objectives may be required to deal with new types of impairment caused by digital coding. These matters are under study (see Report 646). + +*Note 5* – The parameter values in Annex I have been shown to meet this criterion. Other parameter sets may meet this criterion, but their conformance would need to be demonstrated. Administrations are reminded that they have the right to make bilateral agreements on coding parameters for a single colour television system, should this be required. If, however, such a circuit is to form part of an international television connection, it should meet the requirements specified in this Recommendation. + +# ANNEX I + +## A SPECIFICATION FOR DIGITAL SECTIONS OF MIXED LINKS + +This specification applies to one of the three equal sections of the hypothetical reference circuit specified in Recommendation 567. Since the distortion introduced by a digital section (apart from transmission errors) is due entirely to the analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analogue converter (DAC), it follows that any number of digitally-connected links of any length may be considered as making up one such digital section. + +- (a) Composite television signals must not be decoded into components. +- (b) The lowpass filters in ADCs and DACs must be such that six filters in tandem would satisfy the requirements for short-time waveform distortion given in § D.3.5.1.4 of Recommendation 567. In practice the luminance filter specified in Annex III to Recommendation 601 would meet this requirement. +- (c) Sampling frequency must be 13.0 MHz or higher. +- (d) Uniform quantization coding must be used. +- (e) ADC and DAC must be monotonic. +- (f) The conversion range of the ADC must be $1.75 \text{ V} \pm 10 \text{ mV}$ (see Note 1, below). +- (g) The signal-to-quantizing-noise ratio of the ADC/DAC combination must be better than 58 dB. The signal-to-quantizing-noise ratio should be measured in the presence of a line sawtooth signal or a 0.7 V p-p low frequency sinewave both with and without a superimposed 0.35 V p-p sinewave at a high frequency ( $> 4 \text{ MHz}$ ); with the superimposed high frequency sinewave an extra implementation margin of up to 6 dB may be allowed. (Unified weighted r.m.s. noise in 5.0 MHz bandwidth relative to 0.7 V, see Note 2 below.) +- (h) Signals containing synchronising pulses and blanking intervals must be clamped at the input to the ADC so that black level is at one-quarter of the conversion range (level 128 in a 9-bit system). The coder must clamp both 625/50 signals and 525/60 signals correctly. +- (i) The clamp time constant must be at least 2 ms (see Note 3 below). +- (j) Any waveform not containing synchronising pulses and blanking intervals must not be clamped but must be coupled to the ADC input in such a way that its mean level is close to the centre of the conversion range. +- (k) All parts of the signal must be transmitted without modification. + +- (l) No bit rate reduction coding may be used. +- (m) If no error correction is used, the long-term mean bit error ratio (BER) must be better than $10^{-8}$ . Bursts of errors with BER worse than $10^{-6}$ should not be longer than 5 s and there should not be more than one such burst in any hour (see Note 4 below). +- (n) If error correction is used, residual BER after correction in the two most significant bits must be no worse than that specified in (m) (see Note 4 below). +- (o) Jitter on the regenerated samples at the DAC must be less than 0.3 ns r.m.s. (see Note 5 below). + +*Note 1* – This conversion range allows the transmission of 100% colour bars at 3 dB overload without crushing. However, modern equipment might allow the specification of a lower overload margin; further work is required. The use of a lower conversion range will improve the signal-to-quantizing noise ratio. + +*Note 2* – This requirement ensures that the quantizing noise contributed by a digital section is no more than one third of the total allowance for the three-section HRC specified in Recommendation 567. It is shown in [CCIR, 1986-90a] that this requirement may be met by the use of nine bits per sample at a sampling frequency of 13 MHz. The frequency of the high-frequency sinewave may depend on the television standard and measuring equipment in use. Further work is needed to standardize this parameter. + +If the frequency used lies within the passband of the 5 MHz noise measuring filter, it will be necessary to remove the high-frequency sinewave with a supplementary filter and to correct the result for the noise bandwidth of the supplementary filter as described in [Devereux, 1982]. + +*Note 3* – A shorter time constant gives clamp streaking from noise. A time constant of 2 ms gives 6 dB suppression of mains hum; if mains hum is not a problem, the time constant could be longer. Devereux [1982] gives more details. + +*Note 4* – Experiments reported in [Ratliff, 1974] showed that random errors were “imperceptible” at a BER better than $10^{-8}$ and “definitely perceptible but not disturbing at a BER of $10^{-6}$ ” and that, for linear PCM, protecting the two MSB's is as effective as protecting all bits of the video sample word. + +*Note 5* – Devereux [1971]; Devereux and Wilkinson [1973] show that 0.3 ns r.m.s. is the threshold of perception for timing jitter on PAL signals. + +It is recognized that due to jitter produced by practical multiplexers and demultiplexers – for example, multiplexing from 140 Mbit/s to 565 Mbit/s and back to 140 Mbit/s – (waiting time jitter) this specification may be difficult to meet in practice. Further work is needed. + +# REFERENCES + +DEVEREUX, V. G. [1971] Pulse code modulation for video signals: subjective tests on acceptable limits for timing jitter in the decoded analogue samples. BBC Research Department Report 1971/42. + +DEVEREUX, V. G. and WILKINSON, G. C. [1973] Digital video: effect of PAL decoder alignment on the acceptable limits for timing jitter. BBC Research Department Report 1973/1. + +DEVEREUX, V. G. [1982] Tests on eight video p.c.m. codecs in tandem handling composite PAL and monochrome video signals. BBC Research Department Report 1982/19. Information in this Reference is also contained in EBU Rev. (Tech.) 199, June 1983, 114-131. + +RATLIFF, P. A. [1974] Digital video: Subjective assessment of an experimental Wyner – Ash error corrector. BBC Research Department Report 1974/41. + +## CCIR Documents + +[1986-90]: a. 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+|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +## **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION J.88** + +# **TRANSMISSION OF ENHANCED DEFINITION TELEVISION SIGNALS OVER DIGITAL LINKS** + +### **Summary** + +This Recommendation considers a bit-rate reduction scheme to be applied for the digital transmission of EDTV-II composite signals compatible with NTSC television signals [1]. + +Digital transmission thereof involves direct coding of the composite signals. + +### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.88 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on 16 September 1999. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +### INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2000 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References ..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 Transmission of enhanced definition television signals over digital links..... | 3 | +| 5.1 Introduction..... | 3 | +| 5.2 System description ..... | 3 | +| Annex A – Specification of direct composite coding for EDTV-II and NTSC signals ..... | 3 | +| A.1 Structure of coding bit stream ..... | 3 | +| A.2 Coding process ..... | 10 | +| A.3 Decoding process ..... | 25 | +| Appendix I – Examples for adaptive scanning patterns ..... | 29 | +| Appendix II – Examples for VLC of motion vectors ..... | 31 | +| Appendix III – Examples for quantizer and mix mode parameters design ..... | 33 | +| Appendix IV – Fast Hadamard transform ..... | 41 | +| Appendix V – VLC patterns for WHT coefficients ..... | 44 | + + + +# TRANSMISSION OF ENHANCED DEFINITION TELEVISION SIGNALS OVER DIGITAL LINKS + +(Geneva, 1999) + +# 1 Scope + +The introduction of an enhanced television system, namely EDTV-II (compatible with the NTSC system), has led to the need to carry this signal over digital links. + +Due to the high cost expected for the enhanced television encoders, a specific coding system has been developed to allow transmission of the EDTV-II signals foreseen for primary distribution and also for contribution where no further post-processing is needed. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- [1] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1298 (1997), *Enhanced wide-screen NTSC TV transmission system*. +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation H.222.0 (1995) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:1996, *Information Technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio informations: Systems*. + +## 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 3.1 **adaptive quantizer:** Quantizer step size is controlled by a slice type, buffer occupancy and HVS (human visual system). +- 3.2 **adaptive scanning:** Transmission orders of WHT coefficients. Four types of scanning are used to transmit composite TV signals efficiently by a limited number of bits. +- 3.3 **bit rate:** The rate at which the compressed bit stream is delivered from the channel to the input of a decoder. +- 3.4 **block:** A unit for direct execution of WHT on the composite EDTV-II signal under the 8 pixels × 8 lines size. +- 3.5 **coding mode:** Mix A, Mix B and refresh (all intra) mode. +- 3.6 **colour sub-carrier phase shift:** Phase shift of 3.58 MHz colour sub-carrier of the coding block from the motion compensated reference block in the previous frame. +- 3.7 **composite motion compensation:** Motion Compensation (MC) is conducted on WHT domain not on pixel domain to solve colour sub-carrier phase shift. +- 3.8 **criticality:** The reference for the difficulty of the picture judged in macro block units. +- 3.9 **EDTV-II sampling:** 14.3 MHz with 8-bit precision. +- 3.10 **EDTV-II signals:** NTSC-compatible components transmitted in the centre part of the picture and helper components located in the upper and lower parts of the picture. +- 3.11 **Fukinuki hole:** Frequency regions around the colour sub-carrier of the compatible centre part where normal NTSC signals have less spectrum density. + +- 3.12 helper signals:** Three types of spatio and temporal enhancement signals: Horizontal High frequency helper signal (HH), Vertical High frequency helper signal (VH) and Vertical Temporal helper signal (VT). +- 3.13 macro block:** A size of 16 pixels $\times$ 16 lines and is composed of four 8 $\times$ 8 Walsh-Hadamard Transform. +- 3.14 mix mode:** Mixing Inter and Intra mode in the same macro block to enhance coding efficiency. +- 3.15 PES packet:** The data structure used to carry elementary stream data. A PES packet consists of a PES packet header followed by a number of continuous bytes from an elementary data stream. It is a layer in the system coding syntax described in 2.4.3.6 of ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 [2]. +- 3.16 picture layer:** A repeated structure composed of a head I-picture and a plurality of subsequent p-pictures. +- 3.17 sequence layer:** Uppermost layer of a coding bit stream by which coding and decoding parameters are coordinated. +- 3.18 slice layer:** Composed of 768 pixels $\times$ 16 lines active pixels, and comprises a horizontal arrangement of macro blocks. The slice is categorized into four types of ID and control signal area, boundary area, block area and active image area. +- 3.19 two-dimensional VLC:** Huffman code having the combination of zero-run length and quantization output level as a symbol. + +## 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|------|---------------------------------------| +| Bp | Maximum Buffer Capacity | +| BUFP | Buffer Pointer | +| CF | Colour Frame | +| EDTV | Enhanced Definition Television | +| FSW | Video Frame Synchronizing Word | +| GOP | Group of Pictures | +| HH | Horizontal High frequency component | +| NTSC | National Television System Committee | +| PC | Phase Compensation | +| SSW | Sequence Synchronizing Word | +| VH | Vertical High frequency component | +| VITS | Vertical Interval Test Signal | +| VLC | Variable Length Coding | +| VLD | Variable Length Decoding | +| VT | Vertical Temporal frequency component | +| WHT | Walsh-Hadamard Transform | + +## **5 Transmission of enhanced definition television signals over digital links** + +## **5.1 Introduction** + +This Recommendation considers a bit-reduction coding scheme for application to digital transmission of EDTV-II composite signals defined for NTSC-compatible enhanced television. The bit-reduction coding system described below is a composite coding system that does not require any decoding/re-encoding process for enhanced signals and colour component signals. + +Consequently the system is free from picture quality loss brought about by composite-component conversion required in component coding schemes. The bit rate required for contribution and distribution purposes is approximately 20 Mbit/s. + +## **5.2 System description** + +The EDTV-II signals consist of NTSC-compatible components transmitted in the centre part of the picture and the helper components located in the upper and lower parts of the picture. Three kinds of helper signals are employed: a horizontal high frequency component (HH) multiplexed in frequency regions around the colour sub-carrier (so-called Fukinuki hole) of the compatible centre part where normal NTSC signals have less spectrum density, the vertical high frequency component (VH), and the vertical temporal helper signal (VT) compressed in the spatial domain and multiplexed in the upper and lower parts of the picture. Thus, EDTV-II composite signals have a complex structure. + +Although component bit-reduction coding can be applied to EDTV-II signals, it requires a decoding/re-encoding process for the colour and HH components as well as the VH/VT components at every stage of transmission chain. This decoding/re-encoding process inevitably causes severe damage to picture quality, especially in the case of tandem connections. This degradation is caused by the irreversible nature of the decoding/re-encoding process. + +Hardware for the composite coding scheme was implemented based on an interframe motion-compensated Walsh-Hadamard Transform coding scheme. A preliminary picture quality evaluation test was conducted with the hardware and it showed that the system provides picture quality adequate for the contribution and primary distribution of the EDTV-II programmes at a transmission bit rate of approximately 20 Mbit/s. This evaluation test also showed that the system provides coding performance equivalent or superior to the MPEG-2 codec for NTSC composite signals at a transmission bit rate above 15 Mbit/s. + +The above considerations and the test results mentioned show that the composite coding system is well suited for transmission of signals such as EDTV-II and NTSC when relatively high quality is required. + +Detailed specification for a composite coding system suitable for digital transmission of EDTV-II as well as NTSC signals is given in Annex A. + +## **Annex A** + +### **Specification of direct composite coding for EDTV-II and NTSC signals** + +### **A.1 Structure of coding bit stream** + +The coding bit stream is converted to the PES packet in order to be operable on ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 (MPEG systems) [2]. Therefore, the bit stream is arranged in a three-layer structure composed of a sequence layer, a picture layer, and a slice layer. The unit of the PES packet is basically a slice in view of the maximum code generation. The outline of the bit coding stream structure is shown in Figure A.1-1. + +![Figure A.1-1/J.88 – Outline of coding bit stream structure. The diagram illustrates the flow from 'coding' to 'bit stream' to 'MPEG systems: sequence/picture/slice' and finally to 'PES packet'. Below this flow, a detailed bit stream sequence is shown: [PES header][sequence header][PES header][sequence header][PES header][sequence header][PES header][picture header][PES header][slice 1] ... [PES header][slice 31]. A curved arrow indicates the continuation to another sequence: [PES header][picture header][PES header][slice 1] ... [PES header][slice 31].](a5ee5c23b6dc52ec1d724b76d5a5f58f_img.jpg) + +Figure A.1-1/J.88 – Outline of coding bit stream structure. The diagram illustrates the flow from 'coding' to 'bit stream' to 'MPEG systems: sequence/picture/slice' and finally to 'PES packet'. Below this flow, a detailed bit stream sequence is shown: [PES header][sequence header][PES header][sequence header][PES header][sequence header][PES header][picture header][PES header][slice 1] ... [PES header][slice 31]. A curved arrow indicates the continuation to another sequence: [PES header][picture header][PES header][slice 1] ... [PES header][slice 31]. + +Figure A.1-1/J.88 – Outline of coding bit stream structure + +#### A.1.1 Sequence layer + +The sequence layer is the uppermost layer of a coding bit stream. The sequence layer has the purpose of coordinating coding and decoding parameters. In detail, the sequence header transmits required parameters from the coding side to the decoding side with the desired timing in order to coordinate automatically coding and decoding for channel hopping, switching of systems, and problems of systems. A sequence header may be interpolated as desired at any position as long as the position is a blank between pictures shown by the picture header in a picture layer as described later. There are three types of sequence headers from 1 to 3 as described below. + +##### A.1.1.1 Sequence header 1 + +![Diagram of Sequence header 1 structure. A horizontal bar shows the bit fields: SSW (48 bits), Br_S (16 bits), Load_Adaptive_Scan_Matrix (Qs/v/u × 1 byte, calculated as 2^2 × 2^3 × 2^3 × 8 bits), and Load_Motion_Vector_Code (MVx, MVy = -256 to +255.5 × 3 bytes, calculated as 2 × 2^{10} × 8 × 3 bits). The total length is indicated as (6 + 2 + 2^8 + 3 × 2^{11}) bytes.](b8661c6c54f72ecc7ff6cb05e47b2891_img.jpg) + +Diagram of Sequence header 1 structure. A horizontal bar shows the bit fields: SSW (48 bits), Br\_S (16 bits), Load\_Adaptive\_Scan\_Matrix (Qs/v/u × 1 byte, calculated as 2^2 × 2^3 × 2^3 × 8 bits), and Load\_Motion\_Vector\_Code (MVx, MVy = -256 to +255.5 × 3 bytes, calculated as 2 × 2^{10} × 8 × 3 bits). The total length is indicated as (6 + 2 + 2^8 + 3 × 2^{11}) bytes. + +###### 1) *SSW: Sequence head word* + +SSW is a sequence synchronizing word. The pattern is composed of one bit "1" and 47 bits "0". SSW is transmitted once, at the timing when the receiving side becomes receivable, establishes the sequence synchronization and transmits parameters. + +###### 2) *Br\_S: Bit rate (sequence)* + +Under a premise of the change of parameters, bit rate change is executed. The multiple number of 90 kbit/s is represented by $90 \times \text{Br\_S}$ kbit/s (0 to 5898.15 Mbit/s). + +###### 3) *Load\_Adaptive\_Scan\_Matrix* + +Four types of Adaptive\_Scan parameters (represented by Qs 2 bit which will be described in A.2.6 and A.3.2 later) are transmitted. + +The scanning pattern is transmitted in the order of Qs = 00, 01, 10, 11, and the scanning order of each coefficient for raster-scanning of $8 \times 8$ Hadamard transformation. As a result, the capacity of parameters is $8 \text{ bits} \times 64 \text{ coefficients} \times 4 \text{ patterns} = 2^{11} \text{ bits} = 2^8 \text{ bytes}$ . + +###### 4) Load\_Motion\_Vector\_Code + +A coding pattern (Huffman code) which represents a horizontal motion vector (MVx) and vertical motion vector (MVy) is transmitted. MVx and MVy are composed of half-pixel/half-frame line units, and are retrievable up to the maximum -128.0 to +127.5 pixel/frame line. Therefore, the motion vector requires 1024 coding patterns of -256 to 255.5 pixel/frame line to transmit the differential value. This coding pattern is transmitted in the form as described below composed of 1-byte code length and subsequent 2-byte coding pattern in the order MVx = -256.0 $\geq$ 0 $\geq$ 255.5, MVy = -256.0 $\geq$ 0 $\geq$ 255.5 as Huffman code with the maximum code length of 16 bits or less. It is assumed that bits other than coding pattern is "0", and bits which have no coding pattern for defining the searching range is also "0". + +Case that the coding pattern is "001" (code length of 3 bits). + +![Diagram showing the structure of a coding pattern. It consists of two parts: a 1-byte code length and a 2-byte coding pattern. The 1-byte part contains the bits '0 0 0 0 0 1 1'. The 2-byte part contains the bits '0 0 1 0' followed by a series of zeros, with the last bit being '0'. The diagram is labeled T0906970-99/d03.](5a4e62bead259c258d069fd3663ea670_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the structure of a coding pattern. It consists of two parts: a 1-byte code length and a 2-byte coding pattern. The 1-byte part contains the bits '0 0 0 0 0 1 1'. The 2-byte part contains the bits '0 0 1 0' followed by a series of zeros, with the last bit being '0'. The diagram is labeled T0906970-99/d03. + +##### A.1.1.2 Sequence header 2 + +![](7e670a2b556b53ea9002dfff3a420e08_img.jpg) + +| | +|-------------------------------| +| Load_Quantization_Matrix | +| Bs/M/Es/N/v/u $\times$ 1 byte | + +$$2^5 \times 2^1 \times 2^2 \times 2^2 \times 2^3 \times 2^3 \times 8$$ + +This sequence header 2 is data of fixed length 216 bytes subsequent to the sequence header 1. Load\_Quantization\_Matrix transmits a quantizing parameter described in A.2.6 and A.3.3. The transmission address order of transmission of the quantizing parameter contained in a quantizing parameter table g1 (16-bit input; equivalent to 1M) is represented by 1 byte of Delta (Bs, M, Es, N, v, u) under Bs/M/Es/N/v/u/ = 00 to FF. Therefore, the PES packet length is the maximum length. + +##### A.1.1.3 Sequence header 3 + +![](c78c2eefd86269d1740ab85a916f24f2_img.jpg) + +| | +|-------------------------------| +| Load_Mixed_Mode_Matrix | +| Bs/M/Es/N/v/u $\times$ 1 byte | + +$$2^5 \times 2^1 \times 2^2 \times 2^2 \times 2^3 \times 2^3 \times 8$$ + +This sequence header 3 is data of fixed length 216 subsequent to the sequence header 2. The Load\_Mixed\_Mode\_Matrix transmits parameters for mixed mode coding described in A.2.5 and A.3.5. The transmission address order of transmission of the mixed mode parameter contained in a quantizing parameter table h1 (16-bit input; equivalent to 1M) is represented by 1 byte of A (Bs, M, Es, N, v, u) under Bs/M/Es/N/v/u/ = 00 to FF. Therefore, the PES packet is the maximum length. + +#### A.1.2 Picture layer + +The picture has a repeated structure composed of a head I-picture and a plurality of subsequent p-pictures. The head I-picture is directed by a refresh information (R). This R is included in the picture header shown in Figure A.1-2. The picture header constitutes one PES packet with one picture header. + +(PES-packet-length = 000 000 0001 0010) + +##### A.1.2.1 Picture header + +The structure of a picture header is shown in Figure A.1-2, and the components are described in 1) to 8). + +![](042733dc5e8e7f5f30b60adba3266cde_img.jpg) + +144 bits (18 bytes) + +| | | | | | | +|-----|------|----|------|-------------------------|-------------| +| FSW | Br_F | Bp | BUFP | VITO
R
CF
STF3 | VITE
VGN | +| 48 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 16 | 16 | + +T0906980-99/d04 + +STF Stuff Bit + +**Figure A.1-2/J.88 – Structure of picture header** + +##### A.1.2.2 EDTV-II composite picture format + +Sampling frequency must be 4 times of colour sub-carrier (3.58 MHz). To obtain active pixel area to be coded out of these sampled data, the vertical blanking period signal (Figure A.1-3) and horizontal blanking period signal (Figure A.1-4) are removed. + +![Diagram illustrating the removal of vertical blanking period signals in the EDTV-II composite picture format. It shows two sets of lines: the left set (lines 1 to 263) and the right set (lines 264 to 525). The top section of each set is labeled 'blanking' and contains lines 1-20 and 264-282 respectively. Below this, a section labeled 'VITS' contains 5 selected lines (21-25 and 284-288). The bottom section is labeled 'active lines' and contains 248 lines (26-263 and 289-525). A bracket on the left indicates '5 lines selected' for the VITS section. A label 'lines to which VITS is likely interpolated' points to lines 1, 9, 10, and 20. A label 'T0906990-99/d05' is at the bottom right.](eefe19c5e14dc4d6c316b7f7fbb7d7d7_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the removal of vertical blanking period signals in the EDTV-II composite picture format. It shows two sets of lines: the left set (lines 1 to 263) and the right set (lines 264 to 525). The top section of each set is labeled 'blanking' and contains lines 1-20 and 264-282 respectively. Below this, a section labeled 'VITS' contains 5 selected lines (21-25 and 284-288). The bottom section is labeled 'active lines' and contains 248 lines (26-263 and 289-525). A bracket on the left indicates '5 lines selected' for the VITS section. A label 'lines to which VITS is likely interpolated' points to lines 1, 9, 10, and 20. A label 'T0906990-99/d05' is at the bottom right. + +Figure A.1-3/J.88 – Removal of vertical blanking period signal + +![Diagram illustrating the removal of horizontal blanking period signals. It shows a sequence of lines: n-th line, (n + 1)-th line, and (n + 2)-th line. The (n + 1)-th line is shown with its active video signal. The horizontal blanking period for the (n + 1)-th line is divided into two parts: '142 (horizontal blanking sample)' and '768 (active sample)'. The total duration of the horizontal blanking period is labeled '910 (all sample)'. The diagram also shows the color burst on the n-th and (n + 2)-th lines. A label 'T0907000-99/d06' is at the bottom right.](cab0834804fb031b43865554cc8d06ab_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the removal of horizontal blanking period signals. It shows a sequence of lines: n-th line, (n + 1)-th line, and (n + 2)-th line. The (n + 1)-th line is shown with its active video signal. The horizontal blanking period for the (n + 1)-th line is divided into two parts: '142 (horizontal blanking sample)' and '768 (active sample)'. The total duration of the horizontal blanking period is labeled '910 (all sample)'. The diagram also shows the color burst on the n-th and (n + 2)-th lines. A label 'T0907000-99/d06' is at the bottom right. + +Figure A.1-4/J.88 – Removal of horizontal blanking period signal + +#### A.1.3 Slice layer + +##### A.1.3.1 Structure of slice + +A slice is composed of 768 pixels $\times$ 16 lines active pixels, and comprises a horizontal arrangement of macroblocks having a size of 16 $\times$ 16 lines which is the transmission unit of various control signals and motion vectors. Therefore, 1 slice is composed of 48 macroblocks taken in the horizontal direction from the active 768 $\times$ 496 pixels of the picture after having removed the vertical and horizontal blanking signals as described above, and 1 picture is composed of 31 slices. + +The relationship between the slice and line in the EDTV-II signal is shown in Figure A.1-5, and the slice is categorized into four types (Es) of ID and control signal area, boundary area, black area, and active image area. + +![Diagram showing the relationship between slice types (Es) and line numbers in the EDTV-II signal. It is divided into four sections: ID and control signal area (Es=00), black area (Es=01), boundary area (Es=10), and active image area (Es=11).](bd671b21db63e6fdb2196e9b18502aac_img.jpg) + +| Es | Slice Description | Line Numbers | Signal Area / Notes | +|---------|-----------------------------------------|--------------|--------------------------------| +| Es = 00 | slice 1
(ID and control signal area) | VITS1 | ID and control signal | +| | | VITS2 | | +| | | VITS3 | | +| | | VITS4 | | +| | | VITS5 | | +| Es = 01 | slices 2 to 4
(black area) | 21 | above black area
60 lines | +| | | 22 | | +| | | 23 | | +| | | 24 | | +| Es = 10 | slice 5
(boundary area) | 47 | active image area
360 lines | +| | | 48 | | +| | | 49 | | +| | | 50 | | +| | | 51 | | +| | | 52 | | +| | | 53 | | +| | | 54 | | +| | | 55 | | +| | | 56 | | +| Es = 11 | slices 6 to 27
(active image area) | 231 | below black area
60 lines | +| | | 232 | | +| | | 233 | | +| | | 234 | | +| | | 235 | | +| | | 236 | | +| | | 237 | | +| | | 238 | | +| | | 239 | | +| | | 240 | | +| Es = 01 | slices 29 to 31
(black area) | 263 | | +| | | 525 | | + +T0907010-99/d07 + +Diagram showing the relationship between slice types (Es) and line numbers in the EDTV-II signal. It is divided into four sections: ID and control signal area (Es=00), black area (Es=01), boundary area (Es=10), and active image area (Es=11). + +Figure A.1-5/J.88 – Four types of slices in EDTV-II signal + +The structure of each slice is shown in Figure A.1-6 and described in 1) to 7) below: + +![Figure A.1-6/J.88 – Internal structure of a slice. The diagram shows a horizontal bar representing a slice, divided into four main sections. Above the bar, a double-headed arrow indicates a total length of '264 + 271872 max bits'. The first section is labeled 'SL(1) Bs(1)' with a width of '24' below it. The second section is labeled 'M/N/Qs(1,1)' and 'M/N/Qs(1,48)' with a width of '240' below it. The third section is labeled 'MVx/MVy(1,1)' and 'MVx/MVy(1,48) Huffman' with a width of '1536 max' below it. The fourth section is labeled 'DC/SC/AC(1,1)' and 'DC/SC/AC(1,192) Huffman + EOB' with a width of '270336 max' below it. The entire bar is enclosed in a dashed rectangle. A small label 'T0907020-99/d08' is at the bottom right.](bd0b93e7a46ede276d0a3b79ac487bd9_img.jpg) + +Figure A.1-6/J.88 – Internal structure of a slice. The diagram shows a horizontal bar representing a slice, divided into four main sections. Above the bar, a double-headed arrow indicates a total length of '264 + 271872 max bits'. The first section is labeled 'SL(1) Bs(1)' with a width of '24' below it. The second section is labeled 'M/N/Qs(1,1)' and 'M/N/Qs(1,48)' with a width of '240' below it. The third section is labeled 'MVx/MVy(1,1)' and 'MVx/MVy(1,48) Huffman' with a width of '1536 max' below it. The fourth section is labeled 'DC/SC/AC(1,1)' and 'DC/SC/AC(1,192) Huffman + EOB' with a width of '270336 max' below it. The entire bar is enclosed in a dashed rectangle. A small label 'T0907020-99/d08' is at the bottom right. + +Figure A.1-6/J.88 – Internal structure of a slice + +###### 1) *SL(n)* + +SL(n) positioned at the head of the n-th slice represents the quantity of information to be generated from the slice. This SL is represented using 19 bits. Because the maximum information quantity generated from variable length code of 1 slice is $272\ 136\ \text{bits} < 2^{19}\ \text{bits} = 2^{16}\ \text{bytes}$ , which is the total of the assumable longest codes of all coefficients in a slice ( $48 \times 64 \times 4$ ) and motion vectors (48), namely 22 bits and 32 bits respectively (described in A.2.7 and A.3.1 respectively), SL can express it and it can be contained in a PES packet. A counter decodes up to the bit length indicated by SL(n) and, when finished, starts to decode the next slice. + +###### 2) *Bs(n): Buffer information* + +Buffer occupancy quantity for coding the n-th slice is represented using 5 bits (32 steps). + +###### 3) *M(n, m): Coding mode selection information* + +The coding mode of the m-th macroblock ( $m = 1$ to 48) of the n-th slice is represented using 1 bit. "0" is for inter (mixed) mode and "1" is for intra mode. The mode decision is described in A.2.5. + +###### 4) *N(n, m): Criticality information* + +The activity of the m-th macroblock ( $m = 1$ to 48) of the n-th slice is represented using 2 bits (four types). "0" is for flat area, "1" is for gradient area, "2" is for edge area, and "3" is for detail area. The determination of the criticality information will be described later in A.2.4. + +###### 5) *Qs(n, m): Scanning selection information* + +The scanning selection for transmission order of Hadamard transform coefficient of the m-th macroblock ( $m = 1$ to 48) of the n-th slice is represented using 2 bits (four types). The determination of the scanning selection information is described in A.3.6. + +###### 6) *MV(n, m): Motion vector information* + +The motion vector information of the m-th macroblock of the n-th slice is represented by Huffman code. The motion vector detection is described in A.2.3. + +###### 7) *DC/SC/AC(n, l): Transform coefficient data* + +The transform coefficient data is two-dimensionally Huffman-coded DS/SC/AC component of the 1st block ( $l = 1$ to 192) of the n-th slice (described later). + +In the above, slice data of 1) to 5) are in the form of fixed length, but 6) MV and 7) DC/SC/AC are in the form of variable length data. 2) Bs is control information with slice unit, and 3) to 6) are control information with macroblock unit. + +##### A.1.3.2 Macroblock + +The macroblock has a size of $16\ \text{pixels} \times 16\ \text{lines}$ always, and is composed of four $8 \times 8$ WHT (Hadamard transform). The counting of the macroblocks in a slice proceeds from left to right, namely raster scanning; the counting of blocks in a macroblock is carried out as shown in Figure A.1-7. + +![Diagram of a macroblock structure. A 16x16 macroblock is shown, composed of four 8x8 blocks labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4. Block 1 is shaded. Dimensions of 8 and 16 are indicated for both width and height. The label 'block' points to block 3, and 'macroblock (four blocks)' points to the entire 16x16 area. The code T0907030-99/d09 is at the bottom.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +Diagram of a macroblock structure. A 16x16 macroblock is shown, composed of four 8x8 blocks labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4. Block 1 is shaded. Dimensions of 8 and 16 are indicated for both width and height. The label 'block' points to block 3, and 'macroblock (four blocks)' points to the entire 16x16 area. The code T0907030-99/d09 is at the bottom. + +**Figure A.1-7/J.88 – Structure of macroblock** + +Because the macroblock is addressed only on frame-based Hadamard transform coding, the macroblock is structured as shown in Figure A.1-8. + +![Diagram showing the relationship between a frame and a macroblock. A frame is represented by a series of horizontal black and white bars. Arrows point from a section of the frame to a 16x16 macroblock, which is also represented by horizontal bars. The code T0907040-99/d10 is at the bottom right.](1a827b10290f33d4fec04d0e8ef7a897_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the relationship between a frame and a macroblock. A frame is represented by a series of horizontal black and white bars. Arrows point from a section of the frame to a 16x16 macroblock, which is also represented by horizontal bars. The code T0907040-99/d10 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure A.1-8/J.88 – The relationship between frame and macroblock** + +##### A.1.3.3 Block + +The block is a unit for direct execution of WHT on the composite EDTV-II signal under the 8 pixels $\times$ 8 lines size. It is assumed that Hadamard transform coding is performed under the frame base generated from field merging (Figure A.1-9). + +### A.2 Coding process + +The whole structure of the coding process is shown in Figure A.2-1. + +EDTV-II signal must be sampled at 14.3 MHz and with 8-bit precision. The coding process of this data involves basically the removal of time space redundant component by inter/intra composite motion compensated adaptive Hadamard transform coding. Elements associated with the coding process are described in the following. + +![Diagram showing the mapping of 768 samples from input fields to output fields for frame-based WHT coding. The left side lists input fields: VITS(1) to VITS(5), 21(6), 22(7), 23(8), and a group of colour sub-carrier phases 260(245) to 263(248). The right side lists output fields: VITS(6) to VITS(10), 283(6), 284(7), 285(8), and 522(245) to 525(248). Brackets and 'combination line' labels indicate how samples from multiple input fields are merged into single output fields. A label '768 samples' is present at the top of both sides. A reference code 'T0907050-99/d11' is at the bottom right.](8fbdfc3d17fb1dae7b2d8f5a287fa9fc_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing the mapping of 768 samples from input fields to output fields for frame-based WHT coding. The left side lists input fields: VITS(1) to VITS(5), 21(6), 22(7), 23(8), and a group of colour sub-carrier phases 260(245) to 263(248). The right side lists output fields: VITS(6) to VITS(10), 283(6), 284(7), 285(8), and 522(245) to 525(248). Brackets and 'combination line' labels indicate how samples from multiple input fields are merged into single output fields. A label '768 samples' is present at the top of both sides. A reference code 'T0907050-99/d11' is at the bottom right. + +Figure A.1-9/J.88 – Frame-based WHT coding based on field merge + +![Block diagram of the whole structure of the coding process. The input 'EDTV-II signal data' is split into a 'WHT' block and a 'Y/C separation' block. The 'WHT' block outputs a DC component (-1020) and a signal F^0[v][u]. The DC component goes to 'criticality detection' and a summation node. The signal F^0[v][u] is subtracted from the DC component and then processed by 'adaptive quantization'. 'Y/C separation' outputs 'Y', which goes through 'Frame Delay' to produce a 'motion vector' (MV). MV and DC (-1020) are inputs to 'composite motion compensation (WHT)'. This block also receives data from 'preceding frame memory'. Its output is added to the DC component (+1020) and then processed by 'WHT^-1'. The output of 'WHT^-1' is added to the output of 'inverse quantization' to produce the final signal QF[v][u]. 'adaptive quantization' also receives inputs from 'criticality detection' (v, u, Bs, N) and 'coding mode decision'. It outputs to 'VLC1' for transmission and to 'inverse quantization'. 'coding mode decision' receives inputs from 'motion vector' and 'adaptive quantization' and outputs to 'VLC2' for transmission. Reference code 'T0907060-99/d12' is at the bottom right.](2cde062fd82833415971a8bd1a2cafab_img.jpg) + +Block diagram of the whole structure of the coding process. The input 'EDTV-II signal data' is split into a 'WHT' block and a 'Y/C separation' block. The 'WHT' block outputs a DC component (-1020) and a signal F^0[v][u]. The DC component goes to 'criticality detection' and a summation node. The signal F^0[v][u] is subtracted from the DC component and then processed by 'adaptive quantization'. 'Y/C separation' outputs 'Y', which goes through 'Frame Delay' to produce a 'motion vector' (MV). MV and DC (-1020) are inputs to 'composite motion compensation (WHT)'. This block also receives data from 'preceding frame memory'. Its output is added to the DC component (+1020) and then processed by 'WHT^-1'. The output of 'WHT^-1' is added to the output of 'inverse quantization' to produce the final signal QF[v][u]. 'adaptive quantization' also receives inputs from 'criticality detection' (v, u, Bs, N) and 'coding mode decision'. It outputs to 'VLC1' for transmission and to 'inverse quantization'. 'coding mode decision' receives inputs from 'motion vector' and 'adaptive quantization' and outputs to 'VLC2' for transmission. Reference code 'T0907060-99/d12' is at the bottom right. + +Figure A.2-1/J.88 – Whole structure of coding process + +#### A.2.1 Intra-frame Hadamard transform (WHT) + +A block of 8 (pixels) $\times$ 8 (lines) shown in the figure is formed by combining alternately 4 lines $(4n + 1)$ , $(4n + 2)$ , $(4n + 3)$ , and $(4n + 4)$ in an odd field and 4 lines $(4n + 1)$ , $(4n + 2)$ , $(4n + 3)$ , and $(4n + 4)$ in an even field with 768 (pixels) $\times$ 496 (lines) data inputted as the coding active pixel (refer to A.1.2.2). + +$$[V](n, m) = \begin{bmatrix} A(4n + 1, 8m + 1) & A(4n + 1, 8m + 2) & \dots & A(4n + 1, 8m + 8) \\ B(4n + 1, 8m + 1) & B(4n + 1, 8m + 2) & \dots & B(4n + 1, 8m + 8) \\ A(4n + 2, 8m + 1) & A(4n + 2, 8m + 2) & \dots & A(4n + 2, 8m + 8) \\ B(4n + 2, 8m + 1) & B(4n + 2, 8m + 2) & \dots & B(4n + 2, 8m + 8) \\ A(4n + 3, 8m + 1) & A(4n + 3, 8m + 2) & \dots & A(4n + 3, 8m + 8) \\ B(4n + 3, 8m + 1) & B(4n + 3, 8m + 2) & \dots & B(4n + 3, 8m + 8) \\ A(4n + 4, 8m + 1) & A(4n + 4, 8m + 2) & \dots & A(4n + 4, 8m + 8) \\ B(4n + 4, 8m + 1) & B(4n + 4, 8m + 2) & \dots & B(4n + 4, 8m + 8) \end{bmatrix}$$ + +In the equation, $A(j, i)$ represents the value of the $i$ -th pixel on the $j$ -th line in an odd field, and $B(j, i)$ represents the value of the $i$ -th pixel on the $j$ -th line in an even field, $m$ is 0 to 95, and $n$ is 0 to 61. + +The block $[V]$ of 8 (pixels) $\times$ 8 (lines) obtained by the block forming is subjected to Walsh-Hadamard transform. + +#### A.2.2 Y/C separation + +The input composite signal is subjected first to Y/C separation in the field base. It is recommended to use a function for pre-filtering independently Y signal and C signal in field base. The filtering function is shown in Figure A.2-2. Y signal before filtering is used for motion detection. + +![Block diagram of the Y/C separation type pre-filter structure. The input 'Y + C' signal splits into two paths: one through 'FV' and 'FH' filters to produce '-C', and another through a 'bypass' path. The '-C' signal is subtracted from the bypassed signal at a summing node to produce the 'Y' signal. This 'Y' signal is then processed by a 'pre-filter for Y' block. Simultaneously, the 'Y' signal is also processed by a 'pre-filter for C' block. Both pre-filtered signals are summed at a final node to produce the 'pre-filtered composite signal'. External control signals I3, I4, and V (VITS stripe switching) are shown as inputs to the filtering blocks via switches labeled '1'.](77464a47f104d0d647b2414591137b64_img.jpg) + +I3, I4 External control signals + V VITS stripe switching + +T0907070-99/d13 + +Block diagram of the Y/C separation type pre-filter structure. The input 'Y + C' signal splits into two paths: one through 'FV' and 'FH' filters to produce '-C', and another through a 'bypass' path. The '-C' signal is subtracted from the bypassed signal at a summing node to produce the 'Y' signal. This 'Y' signal is then processed by a 'pre-filter for Y' block. Simultaneously, the 'Y' signal is also processed by a 'pre-filter for C' block. Both pre-filtered signals are summed at a final node to produce the 'pre-filtered composite signal'. External control signals I3, I4, and V (VITS stripe switching) are shown as inputs to the filtering blocks via switches labeled '1'. + +Figure A.2-2/J.88 – Structure of Y/C separation type pre-filter + +Filter coefficients in the following are recommended: + +– Vertical filter (FV): + +(-0.25 0.0 0.5 0.0 -0.25) + +– Horizontal filter (FH): + +(0.03125 0.0 -0.0625 0.0 0.09375 0.0 -0.125 + +0.0 0.125 0.0 -0.125 0.0 0.125 0.0 + +-0.125 0.0 0.09375 0.0 -0.0625 0.0 0.03125) + +pre-filter for Y (two-dimensional) + +$$\frac{1}{(KY + 2)^2} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & KY & 1 \\ KY & KY^2 & KY \\ 1 & KY & 1 \end{bmatrix}$$ + +![Diagram of the pre-filter for Y (two-dimensional) showing a 3x3 kernel with coefficients represented by '+' and '•' symbols. The top row has '+', '•', '+', '•', '+'. The middle row has '•', '+', '•', '+', '•', '+', '•'. The bottom row has '+', '•', '+', '•', '+'. A dashed line separates the top and bottom rows from the middle row.](04f51626e2e10a16e3eb2c4b33cb2742_img.jpg) + +Diagram of the pre-filter for Y (two-dimensional) showing a 3x3 kernel with coefficients represented by '+' and '•' symbols. The top row has '+', '•', '+', '•', '+'. The middle row has '•', '+', '•', '+', '•', '+', '•'. The bottom row has '+', '•', '+', '•', '+'. A dashed line separates the top and bottom rows from the middle row. + +T0907350-99/d14 + +pre-filter for C (two-dimensional) + +$$\frac{1}{-(KC - 2)^2} \begin{bmatrix} -1 & KC & -1 \\ KC & -KC^2 & KC \\ -1 & KC & -1 \end{bmatrix}$$ + +![Diagram of the pre-filter for C (two-dimensional) showing a 3x3 kernel with coefficients represented by '-' and '+' symbols. The top row has '-', '•', '+', '•', '-'. The middle row has '•', '+', '•', '-', '•', '+', '•'. The bottom row has '-', '•', '+', '•', '-'. A dashed line separates the top and bottom rows from the middle row.](cf4ac1058c52bc3ca37737740afb7f2c_img.jpg) + +Diagram of the pre-filter for C (two-dimensional) showing a 3x3 kernel with coefficients represented by '-' and '+' symbols. The top row has '-', '•', '+', '•', '-'. The middle row has '•', '+', '•', '-', '•', '+', '•'. The bottom row has '-', '•', '+', '•', '-'. A dashed line separates the top and bottom rows from the middle row. + +T0907080-99/d15 + +The value of KY and KC is variable in a range from 1 to 64. It is desirable that KY and KC are independently variable on the pre-filter coefficient table and controlled by the bit rate Br and buffer information Bs. KY and KC are turned ON/OFF in response to the external control signals I3/I4. When the pre-filter is OFF, the input is bypassed. + +#### A.2.3 Motion vector detection + +The motion detection is operated in macroblock unit by frame base on the original signal (before prefilter) of Y obtained by Y/C separation and Y signal of the original picture of the preceding frame. The range of the motion detection covers at most horizontal -128.0 to +127.5 pixels and vertical -128.0 to +127.5 frame lines. The precision is a half pixel for horizontal direction and 1/2 frame line for vertical direction. As for a method for forming the half-pixel and 1/2 frame line, the half-pixel on field base and 1/4 field line interpolation are recommended as described in Figure A.2-3. + +The recommended filter coefficients for generating the decimal pixel/line is shown in Figure A.2-4. The right side and lower side of the motion vector (MVx, MVy) are referred to as MVx and MVy respectively in the view from coding block (current frame) to reference block (preceding block). + +#### A.2.4 Criticality detection + +The criticality which is the reference for the difficulty of the picture is judged in macroblock units. The absolute value of 64 transform coefficients are compared with a certain threshold value on Hadamard transform, and values larger than that threshold value are counted as significant coefficient, and the total significant coefficients are classified into 4 criticalities. + +![Figure A.2-3/J.88 – Half-pixel, 1/4 field line interpolation. The diagram illustrates the interpolation of lines between ODD and EVEN fields. The top part shows a sequence of lines 1-9, with ODD lines (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) being solid and EVEN lines (2, 4, 6, 8) being dotted. Lines 3, 5, 7, and 9 are shown as interpolated lines (dashed). A legend defines the line types: ODD line (solid), ODD line (formed by interpolation) (dashed), EVEN line (dotted), and EVEN line (formed by interpolation) (dash-dot). The bottom part shows a grid of lines for MVy values 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0. For MVy = 0, lines 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 are solid ODD lines. For MVy = 0.5, lines 2, 4, 6, 8 are dashed ODD lines. For MVy = 1.0, lines 3, 5, 7, 9 are dashed ODD lines. For MVy = 1.5, lines 4, 6, 8 are dashed ODD lines. For MVy = 2.0, lines 5, 7, 9 are solid ODD lines. The text 'for understanding of reference lines deviated downward by MVy pixels' is above the grid.](b6671cfafda3820aafe9a24fa7a4d8c7_img.jpg) + +Figure A.2-3/J.88 – Half-pixel, 1/4 field line interpolation. The diagram illustrates the interpolation of lines between ODD and EVEN fields. The top part shows a sequence of lines 1-9, with ODD lines (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) being solid and EVEN lines (2, 4, 6, 8) being dotted. Lines 3, 5, 7, and 9 are shown as interpolated lines (dashed). A legend defines the line types: ODD line (solid), ODD line (formed by interpolation) (dashed), EVEN line (dotted), and EVEN line (formed by interpolation) (dash-dot). The bottom part shows a grid of lines for MVy values 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0. For MVy = 0, lines 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 are solid ODD lines. For MVy = 0.5, lines 2, 4, 6, 8 are dashed ODD lines. For MVy = 1.0, lines 3, 5, 7, 9 are dashed ODD lines. For MVy = 1.5, lines 4, 6, 8 are dashed ODD lines. For MVy = 2.0, lines 5, 7, 9 are solid ODD lines. The text 'for understanding of reference lines deviated downward by MVy pixels' is above the grid. + +Figure A.2-3/J.88 – Half-pixel, 1/4 field line interpolation + +The threshold values in the following are recommended. + +The threshold value for comparison of coefficients: 7 + +- N = 00 (flat area): 0 to 20 +- N = 01 (gradient area): 21 to 50 +- N = 10 (edge area): 51 to 85 +- N = 11 (detail area): 86 or subsequent values + +#### A.2.5 Coding mode decision section + +Two types of mode are provided as adaptive coding modes. If there is a refresh indication signal (R), the coding mode is refresh mode = all intra mode. If there is no refresh indication signal (R), whether it is Mix A mode or Mix B mode is judged according to the procedure shown in Figure A.2-5. The prediction frame signal is inputted to both prediction value conversion tables A and B, and by calculating the difference from the current frame signal, any one mode is selected. + +The prediction value conversion of each mode is shown in Figure A.2-6 (refer to A.3.6). + +M = 0 is given to Mix A mode and M = 1 is given to Mix B mode. As for the content of the table h1, the sequence header 3 is used for decoding process. The function h2 is used for multiplying $A[v][u]$ by prediction frame signal, wherein $v$ represents the vertical coefficient position (0 to 7), and $u$ represents the horizontal coefficient position (0 to 7). + +![Diagram showing pixel/line precision for even and odd fields. For the even field, pixel A is solid black, B is a circle with a dot, C is a circle, and D is a circle. For the odd field, pixel A is solid black, B is a circle with a dot, C is a circle, and D is a circle. Below each field, symbols are shown: X (cross), circle with X, triangle, circle with triangle, square, circle with square. The even field symbols are solid black, circle with X, circle with triangle, circle with square. The odd field symbols are X, circle with X, triangle, circle with triangle, square, circle with square.](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing pixel/line precision for even and odd fields. For the even field, pixel A is solid black, B is a circle with a dot, C is a circle, and D is a circle. For the odd field, pixel A is solid black, B is a circle with a dot, C is a circle, and D is a circle. Below each field, symbols are shown: X (cross), circle with X, triangle, circle with triangle, square, circle with square. The even field symbols are solid black, circle with X, circle with triangle, circle with square. The odd field symbols are X, circle with X, triangle, circle with triangle, square, circle with square. + +| | A | B | C | D | +|---|------|------|------|------| +| ● | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| ✖ | 3/4 | 0 | 1/4 | 0 | +| △ | 1/2 | 0 | 1/2 | 0 | +| □ | 1/4 | 0 | 3/4 | 0 | +| ⊗ | 5/16 | 5/16 | 3/16 | 3/16 | +| ⊕ | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/4 | +| ⊖ | 3/16 | 3/16 | 5/16 | 5/16 | +| ◎ | 1/2 | 1/2 | 0 | 0 | + +T0907100-99/d17 + +Figure A.2-4/J.88 – Motion compensation of the decimal pixel/line precision + +![Block diagram of the mix mode decision process. A 'prediction signal' is input to two blocks: 'Mix A mode prediction value conversion' and 'Mix B mode prediction value conversion'. The outputs of these blocks are subtracted from a 'current frame signal' and then compared. The comparison block outputs 'Mix A or Mix B' and 'M'. The diagram is labeled T0907110-99/d18.](a3472689858b068ef469213682965325_img.jpg) + +Block diagram of the mix mode decision process. A 'prediction signal' is input to two blocks: 'Mix A mode prediction value conversion' and 'Mix B mode prediction value conversion'. The outputs of these blocks are subtracted from a 'current frame signal' and then compared. The comparison block outputs 'Mix A or Mix B' and 'M'. The diagram is labeled T0907110-99/d18. + +Figure A.2-5/J.88 – Mix mode decision + +![Figure A.2-6/J.88 – Structure of prediction value conversion. A block diagram showing 'table h1' receiving inputs M (1 bit), N (2 bits), Bs (5 bits), Es (2 bits), v (3 bits), and u (3 bits). It outputs A[v][u] (6 bits) to 'function h2'. 'function h2' also receives a 'prediction frame signal' (12 bits) and outputs a 12-bit signal. Reference T0907120-99/d19.](e69b9188aa2c14ec6b21c83f711fef65_img.jpg) + +Figure A.2-6/J.88 – Structure of prediction value conversion. A block diagram showing 'table h1' receiving inputs M (1 bit), N (2 bits), Bs (5 bits), Es (2 bits), v (3 bits), and u (3 bits). It outputs A[v][u] (6 bits) to 'function h2'. 'function h2' also receives a 'prediction frame signal' (12 bits) and outputs a 12-bit signal. Reference T0907120-99/d19. + +Figure A.2-6/J.88 – Structure of prediction value conversion + +#### A.2.6 Adaptive quantization/adaptive scanning + +The structure of adaptive quantization and adaptive scanning is shown in Figure A.2-7 including an inverse operation. + +![Figure A.2-7/J.88 – Adaptive quantization/adaptive scanning. A block diagram showing 'table g1' receiving inputs M (1 bit), N (2 bits), Bs (5 bits), Es (2 bits), v (3 bits), and u (3 bits). It outputs Delta[v][u] (6 bits) to 'function g2' and 'function g3'. 'function g2' also receives F0[v][u] (12 bits) and outputs QF[v][u] to 'adaptive scanning'. 'adaptive scanning' outputs Qs (2 bits) and QFS[u] to 'VLC1'. A dashed line labeled Qs connects 'adaptive scanning' to 'inverse scanning'. 'inverse scanning' receives QFS[u] and outputs to 'function g3'. 'function g3' outputs F[v][u] (12 bits). Reference T0907130-99/d20.](09955ff8214ffb6947951fc0f60eb6ab_img.jpg) + +Figure A.2-7/J.88 – Adaptive quantization/adaptive scanning. A block diagram showing 'table g1' receiving inputs M (1 bit), N (2 bits), Bs (5 bits), Es (2 bits), v (3 bits), and u (3 bits). It outputs Delta[v][u] (6 bits) to 'function g2' and 'function g3'. 'function g2' also receives F0[v][u] (12 bits) and outputs QF[v][u] to 'adaptive scanning'. 'adaptive scanning' outputs Qs (2 bits) and QFS[u] to 'VLC1'. A dashed line labeled Qs connects 'adaptive scanning' to 'inverse scanning'. 'inverse scanning' receives QFS[u] and outputs to 'function g3'. 'function g3' outputs F[v][u] (12 bits). Reference T0907130-99/d20. + +Figure A.2-7/J.88 – Adaptive quantization/adaptive scanning + +In the adaptive quantization, the quantizer step size $\Delta[v][u]$ is determined using the function $g1$ by the coding mode $M$ (1 bit), criticality $N$ (2 bits), buffer occupancy $Bs$ (5 bits), and slice type $Es$ (2 bits). Subsequently, $QF[v][u]$ is obtained using the function $g2$ . + +As for the content of the Table $g1$ , the sequence header 2 is served for decoding process. The function $g2$ is basically the round-off quotient of $F_0[v][u]$ divided by $\Delta[v][u]$ . + +![Diagram showing factors influencing the adaptive quantization table Δ[v][u].](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +coefficient position $[v][u]$ : It is difficult to detect higher frequency noise. + +``` + +graph TD + C["[coding mode (M)]: Signal power distribution on WTH changes dependently on the coding mode."] --> D["Δ[v][u]"] + P["pre-analysis"] --> B["[block activity (N)]: It is difficult to detect noise in the block where signals change sharply."] + B --> D + S["[slice types (Es)]: The quantization control is changed dependently on ID at control signal, boundary area, active image area, and black area to enhance to picture quality after EDTV-II decoding."] --> D + BU["[buffer occupancy (Bs)]: For a picture which is less compressible, the position which is visually weak requires priority."] --> D + +``` + +Diagram showing factors influencing the adaptive quantization table Δ[v][u]. + +T0907140-99/d21 + +**Figure A.2-8/J.88 – Design guideline for adaptive quantization table** + +Next, $QF[v][u]$ which is a two-dimensional coefficient array is converted to $QFS[u]$ which is a one-dimensional data by selecting the optimal pattern out of 4 types of scanning pattern which are pre-determined. For the selection, a method for selecting the pattern which minimizes the number of coefficients up to EOB (end of block) is recommended. The selected pattern is transmitted in response to the control information of $Qs$ (2 bits). + +$QFS[u]$ is coded by VLC1 and transmitted, and returned simultaneously to $QF[v][u]$ by inverse scanning as a local decoding process (refer to A.3.3), and returned then to $F[v][u]$ by the function $g3$ , and this value is used as a prediction value for the next frame (refer to A.3.4). + +#### A.2.7 Variable length coding + +##### A.2.7.1 Coding (VLC1) of WHT coefficient + +For a variable length code corresponding to coded data, a two-dimensional Huffman code, having the combination of zero-run length and quantization output level as a symbol, is used. A Huffman code having a code length of 3 to 14 bits is used for 126 specified symbols in the code assignment. + +The code in the form described in the following is assigned to the residual symbols. Code language (22 bits) = escape code (6 bits) + run length (6 bits) + quantization level number (10 bits). + +A different combination of a symbol and Huffman code pattern is used for a different mode. + +The Huffman code is required to satisfy the following conditions (Figure A.2-9). + +- 1) The quantization level corresponding to 126 specified symbols should be in a range of $-32$ to $+31$ . +- 2) Huffman codes having a code length of exceeding 12 bits out of Huffman code patterns corresponding to 126 specified symbols should have a fixed pattern at two low-order bits. + +Variable length code pattern (VLC1) for WHT coefficient coding is shown in Appendix V. + +##### A.2.7.2 Coding of motion vector (VLC2) + +The motion vector information is transmitted in the form described in the following for each macroblock. + +- 1) In the case of refresh mode: + +Because the motion vector information is not required, it is not transmitted. + +- 2) In the case of the left end macroblock of each stripe: + +The head macroblock of each stripe transmits the motion vector itself instead of differential value. + +- 3) Other cases: + +The differential value from the motion vector of the preceding macroblock is coded and transmitted. + +| Zero-run length | Quantization level number | Code word | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|-------------------| +| 0 | 1 | 11s | +| 0 | 2 | 0100 s | +| 0 | 3 | 0010 1s | +| 0 | 4 | 0000 110s | +| 0 | 5 | 0010 0110 s | +| 0 | 6 | 0010 0001 s | +| 0 | 7 | 0000 0010 10s | +| 0 | 8 | 0000 0001 1101 s | +| 0 | 9 | 0000 0001 1000 s | +| 0 | 10 | 0000 0001 0011 s | +| 0 | 11 | 0000 0001 0000 s | +| 0 | 12 | 0000 0000 1101 0s | +| 0 | 13 | 0000 0000 1100 1s | +| 0 | 14 | 0000 0000 1100 0s | +| 0 | 15 | 0000 0000 1011 1s | +| Quantization level number assigned to one zero-run is restricted to a range of -32 to +31 | | | +| 1 | 1 | 011s | +| 1 | 2 | 0001 10s | +| 1 | 3 | 0010 0101 s | +| 1 | 4 | 0000 0011 00s | +| 1 | 5 | 0000 0001 1011 s | +| 1 | 6 | 0000 0000 1011 0s | +| 1 | 7 | 0000 0000 1011 1s | + +T0907150-99/d22 + +NOTE – Lowest order 2 bits of a code word exceeding 12 bits is formed of a fixed pattern. + +Figure A.2-9/J.88 – Restriction on Huffman code + +#### A.2.8 Composite motion compensation + +##### A.2.8.1 Concept + +The concept of applying the motion compensated interframe coding to NTSC composite signal is shown in Figure A.2-10. + +![Diagram illustrating motion compensation interframe coding of NTSC. It shows two frames: an NTSC coding frame on the left and an NTSC reference frame on the right. A 'coding block' is shown in the coding frame, and a 'reference block' is shown in the reference frame. A dashed line connects the coding block to the reference block, indicating the direction of the motion vector. An arrow labeled 'motion vector (MVx, MVy)' points from the reference block to the coding block. The text 'T0907160-99/d23' is visible in the bottom right of the diagram area.](7133ccf78043568ca62ecbcd43628a4a_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating motion compensation interframe coding of NTSC. It shows two frames: an NTSC coding frame on the left and an NTSC reference frame on the right. A 'coding block' is shown in the coding frame, and a 'reference block' is shown in the reference frame. A dashed line connects the coding block to the reference block, indicating the direction of the motion vector. An arrow labeled 'motion vector (MVx, MVy)' points from the reference block to the coding block. The text 'T0907160-99/d23' is visible in the bottom right of the diagram area. + +**Figure A.2-10/J.88 – Motion compensation interframe coding of NTSC** + +There is a phase shift of colour sub-carrier dependent on the value of motion vector (MVx, MVy) between the coding block and reference block as shown in Figure A.2-10. Considering that NTSC is a signal, the precision of (MVx, MVy) is prescribed to the precision of horizontal 1 pixel and vertical 1 field line (2 frame lines) under 4 fsc (fsc = 3.58 MHz) sampling. There are 4 types of phase shift – 0 degree (4), 90 degrees (3), 180 degrees (1), and 270 degrees (2) – of colour sub-carrier. The right side is defined as MVx+ and the lower side is defined as MVy+ in view of the direction from the coding frame to the reference frame; the phase shift, depending on the value of (MVx, MVy), is shown in Figure A.2-11. + +![Figure A.2-11: Phase shift of colour sub-carrier depending on the motion vector (MVx, MVy). This is a grid diagram showing phase shifts for various motion vector values. The horizontal axis is MVx, ranging from -5 to +5. The vertical axis is MVy, with labels -4, -2, 0, +2, +4. A vertical double-headed arrow on the right indicates that '1 field line (2 frame lines)' corresponds to one unit of MVy. The grid cells contain numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4, representing different phase shifts. The pattern of these numbers repeats across the grid. The text 'T0907170-99/d24' is visible in the bottom right of the diagram area.](a1545557e366b6302109d13360b199c3_img.jpg) + +Figure A.2-11: Phase shift of colour sub-carrier depending on the motion vector (MVx, MVy). This is a grid diagram showing phase shifts for various motion vector values. The horizontal axis is MVx, ranging from -5 to +5. The vertical axis is MVy, with labels -4, -2, 0, +2, +4. A vertical double-headed arrow on the right indicates that '1 field line (2 frame lines)' corresponds to one unit of MVy. The grid cells contain numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4, representing different phase shifts. The pattern of these numbers repeats across the grid. The text 'T0907170-99/d24' is visible in the bottom right of the diagram area. + +**Figure A.2-11/J.88 – Phase shift of colour sub-carrier depending on the motion vector (MVx, MVy)** + +##### A.2.8.2 Colour sub-carrier phase shift depending on the motion vector + +The relationship between the motion vector ( $MV_x, MV_y$ ) ( $MV_x, MV_y$ integer) and phase shift is formulated to form the following equation: + +$$\{MV_x + MV_y\} = \begin{cases} 4n + 2 & (0 \text{ degree shift: } 4) \\ 4n & (180 \text{ degrees shift: } 1) \\ 4n + 1 & (270 \text{ degrees shift: } 2) \\ 4n + 3 & (90 \text{ degrees shift: } 3) \end{cases}$$ + +To compensate the phase shift, the coding block and reference block shown in Figure A.2-10 is $8 \times 8$ Hadamard transformed. + +$8 \times 8$ coding block matrix in the frame base is designated as $S_{frame}$ and the reference block matrix of the same size is designated as $S'_{frame}$ ; the block forming is shown in Figure A.2-12. Next, the colour sub-carrier on the two dimensional Hadamard transformation based on Figure A.2-12 is shown in Figure A.2-13. + +##### A.2.8.3 Overlap WHT for half-pixel precision motion compensation + +As it is obvious from Figure A.2-12, phase compensation is performed by simple processing of polarity inversion and transposition of C1, C2, C3, and C4. + +As for the motion vector of decimal pixel precision, peripheral pixels required for motion compensation of half-pixel and half-line precision is subjected to phase compensation on a plurality of blocks (4 blocks), subjected subsequently to interpolation processing of Hadamard transform coefficient with the same order, inverse Hadamard transform (same as H) is executed, and final prediction matrix is formed. This concept is shown in Figure A.2-14. + +The structure for realizing the function described above is described. A block diagram is shown in Figure A.2-15. + +##### A.2.8.4 Signal processing from input to output + +The motion compensation of half-pixel precision/half-line precision is the premise. In this case, because interpolation processing is required, it is necessary that all reference pixels in the vicinity are inputted. This concept is shown in Figure A.2-16. Therefore, $9 \text{ pixels} \times 10 \text{ lines} = 90 \text{ pixels}$ are required to input per 1 block. $8 \text{ pixels} \times 8 \text{ lines} = 64 \text{ pixels}$ overlapped between A, B, C, and D shown in Figure A.2-16 are subjected individually to Hadamard transform (WHT). The transform coefficient is subjected to PC (phase compensation) with matching to phase shift 1, 2, 3, and 4 by the register as serial data from motion vector of each A, B, C, and D block. The expression of Figure A.2-11 on serial data is Figure A.2-17. + +![Diagram showing the mapping of 16 colour sub-carriers to a matrix in the frame base. The sub-carriers are represented by wavy lines on the left, with arrows pointing to a list of 16 items on the right. These items are then grouped into two boxes, with a large arrow pointing from the top box to the bottom box. The labels for the items are 1-1, 2-1, 1-2, 2-2, 1-3, 2-3, 1-4, 2-4, 1-5, 2-5, 1-6, 2-6, 1-7, 2-7, 1-8, and 2-8. Solid lines connect odd-numbered labels (1-1, 1-2, etc.) and dashed lines connect even-numbered labels (2-1, 2-2, etc.).](aaf3e6e44cdeabd6d1df869c5f392ea1_img.jpg) + +colour sub-carrier + +1-1 +2-1 +1-2 +2-2 +1-3 +2-3 +1-4 +2-4 +1-5 +2-5 +1-6 +2-6 +1-7 +2-7 +1-8 +2-8 + +1-1 +2-1 +1-2 +2-2 +1-3 +2-3 +1-4 +2-4 + +1-5 +2-5 +1-6 +2-6 +1-7 +2-7 +1-8 +2-8 + +T0907180-99/d25 + +Diagram showing the mapping of 16 colour sub-carriers to a matrix in the frame base. The sub-carriers are represented by wavy lines on the left, with arrows pointing to a list of 16 items on the right. These items are then grouped into two boxes, with a large arrow pointing from the top box to the bottom box. The labels for the items are 1-1, 2-1, 1-2, 2-2, 1-3, 2-3, 1-4, 2-4, 1-5, 2-5, 1-6, 2-6, 1-7, 2-7, 1-8, and 2-8. Solid lines connect odd-numbered labels (1-1, 1-2, etc.) and dashed lines connect even-numbered labels (2-1, 2-2, etc.). + +Figure A.2-12/J.88 – Matrix in the frame base + +![Diagram showing the mapping of color sub-carriers (C1, C2, C3, C4) from an HSframeHt block to four shifted blocks (HS'frameHt) via 0, 90, 180, and 270 degree shifts. The diagram includes coordinate axes (1-8) and the resulting 2x2 sub-block configurations for each shift.](8c348bf9c2c81b018017ae1d19506a9a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the mapping of color sub-carriers (C1, C2, C3, C4) from an $HSframeH^t$ block to four shifted blocks ( $HS'frameH^t$ ) via different shifts. The original $HSframeH^t$ block is an 8x8 grid with a 2x2 sub-block of color sub-carriers in the bottom-right quadrant (rows 3-4, columns 5-8). The sub-carriers are arranged as follows: + +| | | +|----|----| +| C3 | C4 | +| C1 | C2 | + +The shifts and their resulting sub-block configurations are: + +- 0-degree shift (4):** The sub-carriers remain in the same relative position: + + +| | | +|----|----| +| C3 | C4 | +| C1 | C2 | +- 90-degree shift (3):** The sub-carriers are shifted such that: + + +| | | +|----|-----| +| C4 | -C3 | +| C2 | -C1 | +- 180-degree shift (1):** The sub-carriers are shifted such that: + + +| | | +|-----|-----| +| -C3 | -C4 | +| -C1 | -C2 | +- 270-degree shift (2):** The sub-carriers are shifted such that: + + +| | | +|-----|----| +| -C4 | C3 | +| -C2 | C1 | + +T0907190-99/d26 + +Diagram showing the mapping of color sub-carriers (C1, C2, C3, C4) from an HSframeHt block to four shifted blocks (HS'frameHt) via 0, 90, 180, and 270 degree shifts. The diagram includes coordinate axes (1-8) and the resulting 2x2 sub-block configurations for each shift. + +Figure A.2-13/J.88 – Colour sub-carrier on two-dimensional Hadamard transform + +![Figure A.2-14/J.88 – Concept of interpolation process on Hadamard transformation structure. The diagram shows a grid of circles representing pixels, divided into four quadrants. The top-left quadrant is labeled 'even' and 'odd' on its left side. Arrows from each quadrant point to a block labeled 'Hadamard transform + phase compensation'. The outputs of these blocks point to a central 'interpolation' block. The output of the 'interpolation' block is labeled 'final prediction matrix'. A reference code 'T0907200-99/d27' is at the bottom right.](69b7bd65e85cdef6fdd7fb0a8194257c_img.jpg) + +Figure A.2-14/J.88 – Concept of interpolation process on Hadamard transformation structure. The diagram shows a grid of circles representing pixels, divided into four quadrants. The top-left quadrant is labeled 'even' and 'odd' on its left side. Arrows from each quadrant point to a block labeled 'Hadamard transform + phase compensation'. The outputs of these blocks point to a central 'interpolation' block. The output of the 'interpolation' block is labeled 'final prediction matrix'. A reference code 'T0907200-99/d27' is at the bottom right. + +Figure A.2-14/J.88 – Concept of interpolation process on Hadamard transformation structure + +![Figure A.2-15/J.88 – Structure of composite motion compensation. The diagram shows an input '9 x 10 pels (8 bits)' entering an 'Overlap WHT' block. The output of 'Overlap WHT' is split into four registers: 'register A (64 pels x 16 bits)', 'register B (64 pels x 16 bits)', 'register C (64 pels x 16 bits)', and 'register D (64 pels x 16 bits)'. The outputs of these registers are combined and sent to an 'interpolation section' block, which produces the 'output (Hadamard transform area)'. A 'PC controller' block is connected to the registers and the 'interpolation section'. A 'motion vector input' is processed by an 'integer/decimal factorization' block, which outputs 'integer' and 'decimal' signals. The 'integer' signal goes to the 'PC controller' and the 'decimal' signal goes to an 'interpolation controller' block, which also connects to the 'interpolation section'. A reference code 'T0907210-99/d28' is at the bottom right.](dcb5711d118ae6753b0e12f86eda37db_img.jpg) + +Figure A.2-15/J.88 – Structure of composite motion compensation. The diagram shows an input '9 x 10 pels (8 bits)' entering an 'Overlap WHT' block. The output of 'Overlap WHT' is split into four registers: 'register A (64 pels x 16 bits)', 'register B (64 pels x 16 bits)', 'register C (64 pels x 16 bits)', and 'register D (64 pels x 16 bits)'. The outputs of these registers are combined and sent to an 'interpolation section' block, which produces the 'output (Hadamard transform area)'. A 'PC controller' block is connected to the registers and the 'interpolation section'. A 'motion vector input' is processed by an 'integer/decimal factorization' block, which outputs 'integer' and 'decimal' signals. The 'integer' signal goes to the 'PC controller' and the 'decimal' signal goes to an 'interpolation controller' block, which also connects to the 'interpolation section'. A reference code 'T0907210-99/d28' is at the bottom right. + +Figure A.2-15/J.88 – Structure of composite motion compensation + +![Figure A.2-16/J.88: Reference pixel to be inputted and motion detection point. The diagram shows a grid of pixels with 'O' for reference pixels and 'X' for motion detection points. Rows are labeled 'even' and 'odd'. Arrows show the relationship between a reference pixel and a motion detection point. A legend at the bottom defines the symbols.](11edb7fcedf09ac6a817f8d7b8c61eec_img.jpg) + +○ Reference pixel to be inputted +X Motion detection point + +Figure A.2-16/J.88: Reference pixel to be inputted and motion detection point. The diagram shows a grid of pixels with 'O' for reference pixels and 'X' for motion detection points. Rows are labeled 'even' and 'odd'. Arrows show the relationship between a reference pixel and a motion detection point. A legend at the bottom defines the symbols. + +**Figure A.2-16/J.88 – Reference pixel to be inputted and motion detection point** + +| | | +|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Writing and reading order | 1, ..., 19, 20, ..., 51, 52, ..., 64 | +| Writing | _____, C 1 , C 2 , _____, C 3 , C 4 , _____ | +| 0-degree shift ④ | _____, C 1 , C 2 _____, C 3 , C 4 , _____ | +| 90-degree shift ③ | _____, C 2 , -C 1 _____, C 4 , -C 3 , _____ | +| 180-degree shift ① | _____, -C 1 , -C 2 _____, -C 3 , -C 4 , _____ | +| 270-degree shift ② | _____, -C 2 , C 1 _____, -C 4 , -C 3 , _____ | + +**Figure A.2-17/J.88 – Phase compensation (PC) expression on serial data** + +The phase shift in each register A, B, C, and D is calculated as described in the following. + +Integer portions (integer portion as complement expression of 2) of MVx and MVy are referred to X and Y. + +Register A: + +$$\{X + Y\} = \begin{cases} 4n + 2 & \rightarrow \textcircled{4} \\ 4n & \rightarrow \textcircled{1} \\ 4n + 1 & \rightarrow \textcircled{2} \\ 4n + 3 & \rightarrow \textcircled{3} \end{cases}$$ + +Register B, Register C: + +$$\{X + Y\} = \begin{cases} 4n + 1 & \rightarrow \textcircled{4} \\ 4n + 3 & \rightarrow \textcircled{1} \\ 4n & \rightarrow \textcircled{2} \\ 4n + 2 & \rightarrow \textcircled{3} \end{cases}$$ + +Register D: + +$$\{X + Y\} = \begin{cases} 4n & \rightarrow \textcircled{4} \\ 4n + 2 & \rightarrow \textcircled{1} \\ 4n + 3 & \rightarrow \textcircled{2} \\ 4n + 1 & \rightarrow \textcircled{3} \end{cases}$$ + +Half pixel/half line is interpolated from the coefficient of the same order of the 4 blocks A, B, C, and D having the same phase resultant from the phase compensation to form the final prediction block. The even line is distant 1/60 seconds from the odd line in Figure A.2-16; in the case of a rapidly moving scene, the correlation between even line and odd line becomes significantly poor. To avoid this disadvantage, interpolation is performed for the half pixel/half line in the same field as shown in Figure A.2-18. + +##### A.2.8.5 Calculation precision + +The calculation precision in composite motion compensation is shown in Figure A.2-19. + +In WHT calculation, the full bit calculation is supported by widening the input bit width by 3 bits or more to form the wider output bit. The bit width is the same before and after phase compensation. All interpolation coefficients for interpolation are integer multiples of 1/16 (0 to 16); the interpolation is performed by 4-bit shift calculation to widen the input bit width by 4 bits to form the wider output bit width, and the full bit calculation is supported. In the final rounding, real number expression with 19-bit precision is rounded to convert it to integer expression with 12-bit precision. + +### A.3 Decoding process + +The decoding process for frame regenerating from coded data is specified. The whole structure of this process is shown in Figure A.3-1. + +Four types of slices are reflected on the control of inverse quantization and inverse mixed mode. Because $E_s$ is formed by the slice counter in the decoder, $E_s$ is not transmitted as control information. + +#### A.3.1 Variable length decoding (VLD1, VLD2) + +For variable length coding of coded data, a two-dimensional Huffman code having the combination of zero-run length and quantization output level as a symbol is used (refer to A.2.7). + +A Huffman code having code length of 3 to 14 bits is used for 126 specified symbols in assignment of code. Codes in the form described in the following are assigned to the residual symbols: Code word (22 bits) = escape code (6 bits) + run length (6 bits) + quantization level number (10 bits). + +Different combinations of symbols and Huffman code patterns are utilized for different coding modes (M). Variable length decoding is performed under the condition described above (VLD1). + +The motion vector is subjected to DPCM between macroblocks in the raster scanning direction of each MVx and MVy; the difference value transmitted in the form of Huffman code is decoded (VLD2) (see Appendix II). + +![Diagram showing interpolation process for half-pixel and half-line precision motion compensation. It illustrates the 'even field' and 'odd field' configurations. The 'even field' shows a solid line with points A (black circle), B (white circle), and C (white circle) on the left, and point D (white circle) on the right. The 'odd field' shows a dashed line with points A (black circle), B (white circle), and C (white circle) on the left, and point D (white circle) on the right. Below each field, there are rows of symbols: X (cross), triangle, square, and circle with a cross, triangle, square, and circle inside. The symbols are arranged in a grid corresponding to the interpolation weights in the table below.](692541e65db4dc852988ce77ebb60ce5_img.jpg) + +Diagram showing interpolation process for half-pixel and half-line precision motion compensation. It illustrates the 'even field' and 'odd field' configurations. The 'even field' shows a solid line with points A (black circle), B (white circle), and C (white circle) on the left, and point D (white circle) on the right. The 'odd field' shows a dashed line with points A (black circle), B (white circle), and C (white circle) on the left, and point D (white circle) on the right. Below each field, there are rows of symbols: X (cross), triangle, square, and circle with a cross, triangle, square, and circle inside. The symbols are arranged in a grid corresponding to the interpolation weights in the table below. + +| | A | B | C | D | +|---|------|------|------|------| +| ● | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| ✕ | 3/4 | 0 | 1/4 | 0 | +| △ | 1/2 | 0 | 1/2 | 0 | +| □ | 1/4 | 0 | 3/4 | 0 | +| ⊗ | 5/16 | 5/16 | 3/16 | 3/16 | +| ⊕ | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/4 | +| ⊖ | 3/16 | 3/16 | 5/16 | 5/16 | +| ◎ | 1/2 | 1/2 | 0 | 0 | + +T0907230-99/d30 + +**Figure A.2-18/J.88 – Interpolation process for half-pixel and half-line precision motion compensation** + +![Block diagram showing the calculation precision in composite motion compensation. The process starts with an 8-bit input, followed by a horizontal WHT (12-bit output), a vertical WHT (15-bit output), phase compensation (15-bit output), interpolation (19-bit output), and rounding (12-bit output) to produce the final output.](9f9386d5b3d6cbeb1ed104a799320ebf_img.jpg) + +Block diagram showing the calculation precision in composite motion compensation. The process starts with an 8-bit input, followed by a horizontal WHT (12-bit output), a vertical WHT (15-bit output), phase compensation (15-bit output), interpolation (19-bit output), and rounding (12-bit output) to produce the final output. + +T0907240-99/d31 + +**Figure A.2-19/J.88 – Calculation precision in composite motion compensation** + +![Figure A.3-1/J.88 – Whole structure of decoding process. This block diagram illustrates the decoding pipeline. Coded data (coefficient) enters VLD1, which outputs QFS[n]. QFS[n] and Qs enter 'inverse scanning', which outputs QFS[v][u]. A dashed line labeled '-1020 inverse offset (DC)' connects 'inverse scanning' to an adder. QFS[v][u] enters 'inverse quantization', which also receives inputs N, M, vu, and Bs. The output of 'inverse quantization' enters the adder. The adder also receives F'[v][u] from 'inverse mixed mode' and the -1020 DC offset. The output of the adder enters 'WHT-1', which outputs f[v][x] (regenerated picture data) and also feeds into 'preceding frame memory'. 'preceding frame memory' feeds into 'composite motion compensation'. Coded data (MV) enters VLD2, which also receives slice counter (1~31) and slice type Es (2 bits). The output of VLD2 enters 'composite motion compensation', which also receives -1020 offset (DC) and F''[v][u] from 'inverse mixed mode'. 'composite motion compensation' outputs F''[v][u] to 'preceding frame memory'.](08dce7ad4c512fdf0c0cde60415fade6_img.jpg) + +Figure A.3-1/J.88 – Whole structure of decoding process. This block diagram illustrates the decoding pipeline. Coded data (coefficient) enters VLD1, which outputs QFS[n]. QFS[n] and Qs enter 'inverse scanning', which outputs QFS[v][u]. A dashed line labeled '-1020 inverse offset (DC)' connects 'inverse scanning' to an adder. QFS[v][u] enters 'inverse quantization', which also receives inputs N, M, vu, and Bs. The output of 'inverse quantization' enters the adder. The adder also receives F'[v][u] from 'inverse mixed mode' and the -1020 DC offset. The output of the adder enters 'WHT-1', which outputs f[v][x] (regenerated picture data) and also feeds into 'preceding frame memory'. 'preceding frame memory' feeds into 'composite motion compensation'. Coded data (MV) enters VLD2, which also receives slice counter (1~31) and slice type Es (2 bits). The output of VLD2 enters 'composite motion compensation', which also receives -1020 offset (DC) and F''[v][u] from 'inverse mixed mode'. 'composite motion compensation' outputs F''[v][u] to 'preceding frame memory'. + +Figure A.3-1/J.88 – Whole structure of decoding process + +#### A.3.2 Inverse scanning + +QFS[n] in the form of one-dimensional data is converted to QF[v][u] in the form of a two-dimensional coefficient array, wherein $u$ and $v$ are in the range of 0 to 7. + +The inverse scanning is performed according to the following process: + +for ( $v = 0; v < 8; v++$ ) + +for ( $u = 0; u < 8; u++$ ) + +$$QF[v][u] = QFS[\text{Scan}[\text{alternate-scan}[v][u]]]$$ + +#### A.3.3 Inverse quantization + +In the inverse quantization processing, the quantization step size $\Delta[v][u]$ is determined using the function $g1$ by coding mode $M$ (1 bit), macroblock activity $N$ (2 bits), buffer occupancy $Bs$ (5 bits), and slice type $Es$ (2 bits). Next, $F[v][u]$ is obtained using the function $g3$ (refer to Figure A.3-2). + +$$\Delta[v][u] = g1(M, N, Bs, Es)$$ + +$$F[v][u] = g3(\Delta[v][u], QF[v][u])$$ + +wherein $g3$ : + +$$F[v][u] = \begin{cases} 1023 & (F[v][u] > 1023) \\ QF[v][u] \Delta[v][u] & (-1024 \leq F[v][u] \leq 1023) \\ -1024 & (F[v][u] < -1024) \end{cases}$$ + +The basic operation of the function $g3$ is multiplication of $QF[v][u]$ by $\Delta[v][u]$ . As for the content of $g1$ , parameters transmitted in the sequence header 2 is used for matching to coding. + +![Block diagram of inverse quantization structure. Inputs M (1 bit), N (2 bits), Bs (5 bits), Es (2 bits), v (3 bits), and u (3 bits) enter a block labeled 'table g1'. The output of 'table g1' is Δ[v][u] (6 bits) and QF[v][u] (12 bits). These two outputs enter a block labeled 'function g3'. The output of 'function g3' is F[v][u] (12 bits). A reference code T0907260-99/d33 is shown below the 'function g3' block.](7ae836e598020d937ed1478c2ef13025_img.jpg) + +Block diagram of inverse quantization structure. Inputs M (1 bit), N (2 bits), Bs (5 bits), Es (2 bits), v (3 bits), and u (3 bits) enter a block labeled 'table g1'. The output of 'table g1' is Δ[v][u] (6 bits) and QF[v][u] (12 bits). These two outputs enter a block labeled 'function g3'. The output of 'function g3' is F[v][u] (12 bits). A reference code T0907260-99/d33 is shown below the 'function g3' block. + +Figure A.3-2/J.88 – Structure of inverse quantization + +#### A.3.4 Inverse Hadamard transformation (WHT-1) + +WHT-1 is given as follows: + +$$[C] = \frac{1}{8} [H] \otimes [V] \otimes [H]$$ + +where $[H] =$ + +| | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | +| + | + | + | + | - | - | - | - | +| + | + | - | - | - | - | + | + | +| + | + | - | - | + | + | - | - | +| + | - | - | + | + | - | - | + | +| + | - | - | + | + | + | + | - | +| + | - | + | - | - | + | - | + | +| + | - | + | - | + | - | + | - | + +#### A.3.5 Inverse mixed mode + +In the inverse mixed mode, the prediction coefficient $A[v][u]$ is determined using the function h1 by coding mode M (1 bit), macroblock activity N (2 bits), buffer occupancy Bs (5 bits), and slice type (2 bits). Next, $F'[v][u]$ is obtained using the function h2. + +$$A[v][u] = h1(M, N, Bs, Es)$$ + +$$F'[v][u] = h2(A[v][u], F''[v][u])$$ + +wherein h2: + +$$F'[v][u] = F''[v][u] \cdot A[v][u]$$ + +The function of the function h2 is multiplication of $F''[v][u]$ by $0 \leq A[v][u] \leq 1$ . The mode is intramode for $A = 0$ and intermode for $A = 1$ . $A[v][u]$ is controlled so that the prediction efficiency is maximized from the viewpoint of motion compensation frame correlation. To maximize it, the control is performed with linking to $\Delta[v][u]$ which determines the extent of feedback quantization noise with impact on the correlation. Accordingly, the method of control is shown in Figure A.3-3. + +As for the content of h1, parameters transmitted in the sequence header 3 are used for matching to coding. + +#### A.3.6 Composite motion compensation + +Refer to A.2.8. + +![Block diagram showing the structure of inverse mixed mode. A 'table h1' block receives inputs M (width 1), N (width 2), Bs (width 5), Es (width 2), v (width 3), and u (width 3). It outputs A[v][u] (width 6) to a 'function h2' block. The 'function h2' block also receives F''[v][u] (width 12) and outputs F'[v][u] (width 12). A small label T0907280-99/d34 is present near the bottom right of the diagram.](f9c64800d9bace9b4315646d1057be3c_img.jpg) + +Block diagram showing the structure of inverse mixed mode. A 'table h1' block receives inputs M (width 1), N (width 2), Bs (width 5), Es (width 2), v (width 3), and u (width 3). It outputs A[v][u] (width 6) to a 'function h2' block. The 'function h2' block also receives F''[v][u] (width 12) and outputs F'[v][u] (width 12). A small label T0907280-99/d34 is present near the bottom right of the diagram. + +Figure A.3-3/J.88 – Structure of inverse mixed mode + +## Appendix I + +### Examples for adaptive scanning patterns + +For adaptive scannings (refer to A.2.6) and inverse scannings (refer to A.3.2), the following examples are recommended. + +| Scanning pattern QS = 00 | | | | | | | | +|--------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 3 | 6 | 15 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 29 | +| 4 | 8 | 17 | 27 | 31 | 33 | 36 | 40 | +| 7 | 18 | 30 | 14 | 13 | 38 | 42 | 45 | +| 16 | 28 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 47 | 53 | +| 23 | 32 | 35 | 39 | 44 | 48 | 49 | 55 | +| 25 | 34 | 37 | 43 | 46 | 50 | 51 | 58 | +| 12 | 21 | 41 | 52 | 54 | 57 | 60 | 61 | +| 5 | 9 | 19 | 20 | 56 | 59 | 62 | 63 | + +| Scanning pattern QS = 01 | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 3 | 6 | 11 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 25 | +| 4 | 8 | 13 | 23 | 51 | 49 | 45 | 43 | +| 7 | 14 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 47 | 41 | 39 | +| 12 | 24 | 29 | 1 | 2 | 30 | 48 | 53 | +| 19 | 31 | 32 | 34 | 50 | 44 | 42 | 55 | +| 21 | 33 | 35 | 36 | 46 | 40 | 38 | 58 | +| 10 | 17 | 37 | 52 | 54 | 57 | 60 | 61 | +| 5 | 9 | 15 | 16 | 56 | 59 | 62 | 63 | + +| Scanning pattern QS = 00 | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 3 | 6 | 13 | 17 | 19 | 21 | 24 | +| 4 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 31 | 32 | 34 | 35 | +| 7 | 16 | 25 | 12 | 11 | 33 | 36 | 37 | +| 14 | 23 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 48 | 53 | +| 18 | 51 | 49 | 45 | 50 | 44 | 42 | 55 | +| 20 | 47 | 43 | 41 | 46 | 40 | 38 | 58 | +| 29 | 26 | 39 | 52 | 54 | 57 | 60 | 61 | +| 5 | 30 | 28 | 27 | 56 | 59 | 62 | 63 | + +| Scanning pattern QS = 01 | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 20 | +| 4 | 8 | 11 | 18 | 50 | 48 | 44 | 42 | +| 7 | 12 | 21 | 25 | 26 | 46 | 40 | 38 | +| 10 | 19 | 28 | 1 | 2 | 29 | 32 | 53 | +| 14 | 51 | 49 | 45 | 31 | 34 | 35 | 55 | +| 16 | 47 | 43 | 41 | 33 | 36 | 37 | 58 | +| 27 | 22 | 39 | 52 | 54 | 57 | 60 | 61 | +| 5 | 30 | 24 | 23 | 56 | 59 | 62 | 63 | + +## Appendix II + +### Examples for VLC of motion vectors + +The following examples are recommended as a variable length code (VLC) of motion vectors (−16.0 to 15.5 pixels, frame lines). Refer to A.2.7 and A.3.1. + +| VLC for DPCM | Motion vector | +|---------------|---------------| +| 0000 0000 000 | −32.0 | +| 0000 0000 010 | −31.5 | +| 0000 0000 100 | −31.0 | +| 0000 0000 110 | −30.5 | +| 0000 0001 000 | −30.0 | +| 0000 0001 010 | −29.5 | +| 0000 0001 100 | −29.0 | +| 0000 0001 110 | −28.5 | +| 0000 0010 000 | −28.0 | +| 0000 0010 010 | −27.5 | +| 0000 0010 100 | −27.0 | +| 0000 0010 110 | −26.5 | +| 0000 0011 000 | −26.0 | +| 0000 0011 010 | −25.5 | +| 0000 0011 100 | −25.0 | +| 0000 0011 110 | −24.5 | +| 0000 0100 000 | −24.0 | +| 0000 0100 010 | −23.5 | +| 0000 0100 100 | −23.0 | +| 0000 0100 110 | −22.5 | +| 0000 0101 000 | −22.0 | +| 0000 0101 010 | −21.5 | +| 0000 0101 100 | −21.0 | +| 0000 0101 110 | −20.5 | +| 0000 0110 000 | −20.0 | +| 0000 0110 010 | −19.5 | +| 0000 0110 100 | −19.0 | +| 0000 0110 110 | −18.5 | +| 0000 0111 000 | −18.0 | +| 0000 0111 010 | −17.5 | +| 0000 0111 100 | −17.0 | +| 0000 0111 110 | −16.5 | +| 0000 1000 000 | −16.0 | + +| VLC for DPCM | Motion vector | +|---------------|---------------| +| 0000 1000 010 | −15.5 | +| 0000 1000 100 | −15.0 | +| 0000 1000 110 | −14.5 | +| 0000 1001 000 | −14.0 | +| 0000 1001 010 | −13.5 | +| 0000 1001 100 | −13.0 | +| 0000 1001 110 | −12.5 | +| 0000 1010 000 | −12.0 | +| 0000 1010 010 | −11.5 | +| 0000 1010 100 | −11.0 | +| 0000 1010 110 | −10.5 | +| 0000 1011 000 | −10.0 | +| 0000 1011 010 | −9.5 | +| 0000 1011 100 | −9.0 | +| 0000 1011 110 | −8.5 | +| 0000 1100 000 | −8.0 | +| 0000 1100 010 | −7.5 | +| 0000 1100 100 | −7.0 | +| 0000 1100 110 | −6.5 | +| 0000 1101 000 | −6.0 | +| 0000 1101 010 | −5.5 | +| 0000 1101 100 | −5.0 | +| 0000 1101 110 | −4.5 | +| 0000 1110 00 | −4.0 | +| 0000 1110 10 | −3.5 | +| 0000 1111 00 | −3.0 | +| 0000 1111 10 | −2.5 | +| 0001 10 | −2.0 | +| 0001 0 | −1.5 | +| 0010 | −1.0 | +| 010 | −0.5 | +| 1 | 0.0 | + +| | | +|---------------|------| +| 011 | 0.5 | +| 0011 | 1.0 | +| 0001 11 | 1.5 | +| 0000 1111 11 | 2.0 | +| 0000 1111 01 | 2.5 | +| 0000 1110 11 | 3.0 | +| 0000 1110 01 | 3.5 | +| 0000 1101 111 | 4.0 | +| 0000 1101 101 | 4.5 | +| 0000 1101 011 | 5.0 | +| 0000 1101 001 | 5.5 | +| 0000 1100 111 | 6.0 | +| 0000 1100 101 | 6.5 | +| 0000 1100 011 | 7.0 | +| 0000 1100 001 | 7.5 | +| 0000 1011 111 | 8.0 | +| 0000 1011 101 | 8.5 | +| 0000 1011 011 | 9.0 | +| 0000 1011 001 | 9.5 | +| 0000 1010 111 | 10.0 | +| 0000 1010 101 | 10.5 | +| 0000 1010 011 | 11.0 | +| 0000 1010 001 | 11.5 | +| 0000 1001 111 | 12.0 | +| 0000 1001 101 | 12.5 | +| 0000 1001 011 | 13.0 | +| 0000 1001 001 | 13.5 | +| 0000 1000 111 | 14.0 | +| 0000 1000 101 | 14.5 | +| 0000 1000 011 | 15.0 | +| 0000 1000 001 | 15.5 | +| 0000 0111 111 | 16.0 | + +| | | +|---------------|------| +| 0000 0111 101 | 16.5 | +| 0000 0111 011 | 17.0 | +| 0000 0111 001 | 17.5 | +| 0000 0110 111 | 18.0 | +| 0000 0110 101 | 18.5 | +| 0000 0110 011 | 19.0 | +| 0000 0110 001 | 19.5 | +| 0000 0101 111 | 20.0 | +| 0000 0101 101 | 20.5 | +| 0000 0101 011 | 21.0 | +| 0000 0101 001 | 21.5 | +| 0000 0100 111 | 22.0 | +| 0000 0100 101 | 22.5 | +| 0000 0100 011 | 23.0 | +| 0000 0100 001 | 23.5 | +| 0000 0011 111 | 24.0 | +| 0000 0011 101 | 24.5 | +| 0000 0011 011 | 25.0 | +| 0000 0011 001 | 25.5 | +| 0000 0010 111 | 26.0 | +| 0000 0010 101 | 26.5 | +| 0000 0010 011 | 27.0 | +| 0000 0010 001 | 27.5 | +| 0000 0001 111 | 28.0 | +| 0000 0001 101 | 28.5 | +| 0000 0001 011 | 29.0 | +| 0000 0001 001 | 29.5 | +| 0000 0000 111 | 30.0 | +| 0000 0000 101 | 30.5 | +| 0000 0000 011 | 31.0 | +| 0000 0000 001 | 31.5 | + +## Appendix III + +### Examples for quantizer and mix mode parameters design + +The following design scheme is recommended for quantizer parameters (A.2.6, A.3.3) and mix mode parameters (A.2.5, A.3.5). + +Suppose that $x$ is a current frame signal to be coded, $\hat{x}$ is a reference frame signal and $e$ is a difference value of these two values, + +$$e = x - \hat{x}$$ + +$$E[e^2] = E[(x - \hat{x})^2]$$ + +$$\sigma_r^2 = 2\sigma_a^2(1 - \rho) = 2(\sigma_a^2 - \sigma_{ra}^2),$$ + +where $\rho$ is a correlation between $x$ and $\hat{x}$ , $\sigma_a^2$ is an original signal power, $\sigma_r^2$ is a difference signal power and $\sigma_{ra}^2$ is a $x$ and $\hat{x}$ auto-correlation power. + +![Block diagram of the quantizer and mix mode parameters design process. Inputs include (N, v, u) which branches into Criticality, WHT coefficient position x and auto-correlation power, and h(N, v, u): Visual Sensitivity. Statistics (sigma_a^2, sigma_r^2, sigma_ra^2) and parameters M (Coding mode), Bs (Buffer occupancy), and Es (Slice type) are also inputs. A central 'Design' block produces output Delta(M, N, Bs, Es, v, u): Q step size and A(M, N, Bs, Es, v, u): Prediction coefficient. A multiplier lambda is applied to the inputs M, Bs, and Es before they enter the Design block.](f1091147d93cee4dfa88498610e395a7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the design process for quantizer and mix mode parameters. At the top, the input $(N, v, u)$ is processed to determine 'Criticality', 'WHT coefficient position $x$ and $\hat{x}$ auto-correlation power', and 'Visual Sensitivity' $h(N, v, u)$ . These three elements, along with 'Statistics' (including $\sigma_a^2(N, v, u)$ , $\sigma_r^2(N, v, u)$ , and $\sigma_{ra}^2(N, v, u)$ ), are fed into a central 'Design' block. Below the statistics, three parameters are listed: 'M Coding mode', 'Bs Buffer occupancy', and 'Es Slice type'. These parameters are first processed by a '(Multiplier)' block labeled with $\lambda \dots$ and then fed into the 'Design' block. The 'Design' block outputs two results: $\Delta(M, N, Bs, Es, v, u)$ : Q step size and $A(M, N, Bs, Es, v, u)$ : Prediction coefficient. A reference code 'T0907290-99/d35' is shown at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Block diagram of the quantizer and mix mode parameters design process. Inputs include (N, v, u) which branches into Criticality, WHT coefficient position x and auto-correlation power, and h(N, v, u): Visual Sensitivity. Statistics (sigma\_a^2, sigma\_r^2, sigma\_ra^2) and parameters M (Coding mode), Bs (Buffer occupancy), and Es (Slice type) are also inputs. A central 'Design' block produces output Delta(M, N, Bs, Es, v, u): Q step size and A(M, N, Bs, Es, v, u): Prediction coefficient. A multiplier lambda is applied to the inputs M, Bs, and Es before they enter the Design block. + +1) $Es = 00$ (Control) + +$$A(0, N, Bs, 00, v, u) = 1 \text{ at any } N, Bs, v, u$$ + +$$A(1, N, Bs, 00, v, u) = 0 \text{ at any } N, Bs, v, u$$ + +$$\Delta(M, N, Bs, 00, v, u) = 3 \text{ at any } M, N, Bs, v, u$$ + +### 2) Es = 01 (Helper signal) + +Let N = 01 and h (01, v,u) = 1.0 for statistics and for each $\lambda$ such that $\lambda = 1.5 \times Bs - 26$ (Bs = 0, 1, ..., 31), +when M = 0, + +A is a solution for (III-1), and the optimum A is searched at $0 \leq A \leq 1$ with 1/64 accuracy, + +$\Delta$ is a solution for (III-2) with the obtained A and the optimum $\Delta$ is searched at $1 \leq \Delta \leq 127$ with 2.0 accuracy with a clipping by a triple value of $\Delta(N, 0, 0)$ (= DC). + +When M = 1, + +A = 0, + +$\Delta$ is a solution for (III-3) with the obtained A and the optimum $\Delta$ is searched at $1 \leq \Delta \leq 127$ with 2.0 accuracy with a clipping by an 8 times value of $\Delta(N, 0, 0)$ (= DC). + +### 3) Es = 10 (Boundary) + +Let N = 01 and h (01, v,u) = 1.0 for statistics and for each $\lambda$ such that $\lambda = 1.5 \times Bs - 21$ (Bs = 0, 1, ..., 31), +when M = 0, + +A is a solution for (III-1) and the optimum A is searched at $0 \leq A \leq 1$ with 1/64 accuracy, + +$\Delta$ is a solution for (III-2) with the obtained A and the optimum $\Delta$ is searched at $1 \leq \Delta \leq 127$ with 2.0 accuracy with a clipping by a triple value of $\Delta(N, 0, 0)$ (= DC). + +When M = 1, + +A = 0, + +$\Delta$ is a solution for (III-3) with the obtained A and the optimum $\Delta$ is searched at $1 \leq \Delta \leq 127$ with 2.0 accuracy with a clipping by an 8 times value of $\Delta(N, 0, 0)$ (= DC). + +### 4) Es = 11 (Main) + +Let N = 00, 01, 10, 11 and h (01, v,u) = 1.0 for statistics and for each $\lambda$ such that $\lambda = 1.5 \times Bs - 16$ (Bs = 0, 1, ..., 31), + +when M = 0, + +A is a solution for (III-1) and the optimum A is searched at $0 \leq A \leq 1$ with 1/64 accuracy, + +$\Delta$ is a solution for (III-2) with the obtained A and the optimum $\Delta$ is searched at $1 \leq \Delta \leq 127$ with 2.0 accuracy with a clipping by a triple value of $\Delta(N, 0, 0)$ (= DC). + +When M = 1, + +A = 0, + +$\Delta$ is a solution for (III-2) with the obtained A and the optimum $\Delta$ is searched at $1 \leq \Delta \leq 127$ with 2.0 accuracy with a clipping by a triple value of $\Delta(N, 0, 0)$ (= DC). + +$$\alpha A^3 + \beta A^2 + \gamma A + \delta = 0 \quad (\text{III-1})$$ + +where: + +$$\alpha = \frac{2\lambda(\sigma_a^2 + \sigma_r^2 - 2\sigma_{ra}^2)}{(\ell n 2)h}$$ + +$$\beta = -4(\sigma_a^2 + 2\sigma_{ra}^4 - 3\sigma_a^2\sigma_{ra}^2 - \sigma_r^2\sigma_{ra}^2 + \sigma_a^2\sigma_r^2) - \frac{4\lambda(\sigma_a^2 - \sigma_{ra}^2)}{(\ell n 2)h}$$ + +$$\gamma = 4(2\sigma_a^2 + 2\sigma_{ra}^4 + \sigma_a^2\sigma_r^2 - 4\sigma_a^2\sigma_{ra}^2) + \frac{2\lambda\sigma_a^2}{(\ell n 2)h}$$ + +$$\frac{4p \{1 - \exp(-q\Delta) - q\Delta \exp(-q\Delta/2)\}}{q \{1 - \exp(-q\Delta)\}} - n = 0 \quad (\text{III-2})$$ + +where: + +$$p = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2(n + \sigma^2)}}$$ + +$$q = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{(n + \sigma^2)}}$$ + +$$\sigma^2 = (1 - A)^2 \sigma_a^2 + 2(1 - A)A\sigma_{ra}^2 + A^2 \sigma_r^2$$ + +$$n = \frac{\sigma_a^2 - \sigma_{ra}^2}{A} - (\sigma_a^2 + \sigma_r^2 - 2\sigma_{ra}^2)$$ + +$$\frac{4p \{1 - \exp(-q\Delta) - q\Delta \exp(-q\Delta/2)\}}{q \{1 - \exp(-q\Delta)\}} - n = 0 \quad (\text{III-3})$$ + +where: + +$$p = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\sigma_a^2}}$$ + +$$q = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{\sigma_a^2}}$$ + +Statistics ( $\sigma_a^2, \sigma_r^2, \sigma_{ra}^2$ ) examples: + +| $\sigma_a^2$ (N = 00, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|--------|-------|---------|----------|-------|-------|-------| +| 141685.49 | 273.01 | 63.13 | 67.89 | 379.26 | 27.60 | 20.69 | 14.21 | +| 737.55 | 6.19 | 3.89 | 4.07 | 353.54 | 3.55 | 3.94 | 1.91 | +| 161.59 | 4.49 | 3.56 | 4.25 | 362.82 | 4.81 | 3.10 | 1.66 | +| 166.20 | 5.18 | 4.38 | 8188.33 | 26680.72 | 8.94 | 3.71 | 2.42 | +| 72.66 | 4.33 | 2.73 | 2.64 | 3.54 | 2.50 | 2.28 | 1.12 | +| 69.87 | 3.14 | 2.49 | 2.35 | 2.93 | 2.38 | 2.55 | 1.11 | +| 67.33 | 2.89 | 2.27 | 2.58 | 3.26 | 3.35 | 2.48 | 1.13 | +| 72.26 | 2.77 | 2.88 | 2.81 | 4.13 | 4.13 | 3.27 | 1.30 | + +| $\sigma_a^2$ (N = 01, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|---------|--------|----------|----------|--------|--------|--------| +| 122636.61 | 3270.23 | 943.68 | 729.11 | 340.11 | 204.31 | 195.06 | 138.47 | +| 1459.28 | 187.32 | 107.13 | 85.24 | 154.59 | 40.48 | 26.99 | 14.84 | +| 561.93 | 145.75 | 84.57 | 128.55 | 428.81 | 46.73 | 20.74 | 12.34 | +| 528.26 | 128.55 | 287.97 | 10943.77 | 25130.32 | 217.79 | 59.70 | 39.63 | +| 178.78 | 47.00 | 32.05 | 30.97 | 32.59 | 18.28 | 10.53 | 5.07 | +| 136.13 | 43.28 | 29.52 | 28.79 | 24.51 | 15.27 | 10.97 | 3.91 | +| 112.17 | 29.03 | 25.81 | 26.30 | 23.04 | 15.52 | 11.36 | 4.25 | +| 102.63 | 82.79 | 42.70 | 57.01 | 34.00 | 52.90 | 19.99 | 6.84 | + +| $\sigma_a^2$ (N = 10, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|---------|---------|---------|----------|--------|--------|--------| +| 91710.61 | 4079.17 | 1380.48 | 1201.00 | 671.84 | 395.47 | 304.16 | 181.04 | +| 5504.97 | 802.79 | 402.07 | 269.16 | 365.04 | 165.73 | 94.93 | 35.79 | +| 2333.62 | 556.00 | 331.89 | 431.75 | 1297.27 | 154.90 | 89.27 | 35.24 | +| 1507.20 | 363.44 | 313.90 | 8257.84 | 15439.49 | 440.50 | 95.77 | 88.00 | +| 694.17 | 196.79 | 130.81 | 109.29 | 109.62 | 54.43 | 31.76 | 11.52 | +| 548.41 | 157.65 | 102.73 | 91.96 | 91.22 | 50.95 | 31.61 | 10.32 | +| 510.61 | 154.15 | 95.59 | 76.43 | 74.06 | 48.90 | 27.67 | 7.31 | +| 306.90 | 113.40 | 119.63 | 107.36 | 103.86 | 60.08 | 36.30 | 10.37 | + +| $\sigma_a^2$ (N = 11, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|---------|---------|---------|----------|---------|--------|--------| +| 46033.57 | 5377.94 | 2709.41 | 2210.38 | 1572.38 | 1014.42 | 576.27 | 258.89 | +| 7304.38 | 2353.84 | 1477.81 | 1008.19 | 847.24 | 510.26 | 309.17 | 109.03 | +| 3610.62 | 1459.47 | 1000.93 | 925.10 | 1568.21 | 433.22 | 240.33 | 89.94 | +| 2188.28 | 818.27 | 719.30 | 6862.91 | 10760.50 | 662.72 | 208.54 | 133.15 | +| 1222.92 | 714.33 | 556.14 | 445.76 | 391.61 | 247.58 | 134.79 | 43.52 | +| 1100.34 | 574.40 | 457.66 | 375.33 | 328.17 | 225.20 | 125.40 | 34.86 | +| 887.81 | 452.25 | 360.80 | 319.69 | 292.12 | 199.91 | 114.09 | 30.96 | +| 501.80 | 295.10 | 290.79 | 300.74 | 308.23 | 201.16 | 98.57 | 25.80 | + +| $\sigma_r^2$ (N = 00, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------| +| 9.96 | 5.23 | 5.20 | 6.74 | 9.91 | 6.86 | 6.01 | 3.04 | +| 9.07 | 4.13 | 3.35 | 4.76 | 7.41 | 5.32 | 4.83 | 2.08 | +| 9.14 | 5.72 | 4.30 | 5.94 | 9.11 | 4.79 | 3.95 | 1.75 | +| 10.04 | 5.43 | 4.37 | 5.93 | 9.71 | 6.06 | 4.11 | 2.01 | +| 6.82 | 4.48 | 3.88 | 3.92 | 4.47 | 4.11 | 3.17 | 1.48 | +| 6.34 | 4.00 | 3.76 | 3.80 | 4.35 | 4.28 | 3.44 | 1.37 | +| 4.80 | 3.56 | 3.85 | 3.69 | 4.50 | 4.28 | 3.66 | 1.63 | +| 5.76 | 3.27 | 3.91 | 3.76 | 4.52 | 4.53 | 3.74 | 1.50 | + +| $\sigma_r^2$ (N = 01, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------|------| +| 80.86 | 44.84 | 36.40 | 35.39 | 41.92 | 39.17 | 20.84 | 8.60 | +| 69.41 | 37.05 | 25.37 | 22.53 | 43.79 | 23.48 | 14.63 | 6.43 | +| 76.87 | 41.49 | 31.09 | 93.08 | 78.55 | 27.86 | 13.41 | 7.17 | +| 69.35 | 38.12 | 32.58 | 55.45 | 85.83 | 36.17 | 19.79 | 9.87 | +| 73.73 | 31.66 | 25.11 | 18.57 | 16.78 | 13.68 | 9.29 | 3.43 | +| 51.05 | 18.77 | 22.24 | 15.86 | 16.66 | 12.97 | 10.12 | 3.19 | +| 23.02 | 11.81 | 14.16 | 13.88 | 17.67 | 14.37 | 10.37 | 3.76 | +| 22.16 | 11.67 | 15.91 | 13.54 | 19.38 | 17.31 | 11.23 | 3.79 | + +| $\sigma_r^2$ (N = 10, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|-------|-------| +| 236.74 | 122.15 | 96.27 | 144.44 | 166.83 | 84.20 | 46.98 | 19.49 | +| 281.53 | 136.44 | 105.64 | 139.43 | 163.16 | 63.00 | 35.86 | 13.16 | +| 343.59 | 128.70 | 99.14 | 269.84 | 279.28 | 82.56 | 38.81 | 16.25 | +| 362.95 | 123.03 | 133.80 | 181.57 | 238.55 | 143.04 | 49.94 | 29.94 | +| 353.45 | 140.79 | 91.49 | 86.56 | 57.23 | 45.52 | 29.24 | 9.61 | +| 186.16 | 69.48 | 60.56 | 66.62 | 53.76 | 35.21 | 20.89 | 6.72 | +| 108.12 | 54.54 | 45.86 | 53.53 | 51.61 | 35.80 | 22.05 | 6.32 | +| 55.47 | 38.63 | 36.63 | 50.18 | 51.90 | 34.01 | 21.30 | 6.17 | + +| $\sigma_r^2$ (N = 11, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------|--------|--------|---------|--------|--------|--------|-------| +| 393.62 | 327.97 | 291.72 | 408.88 | 417.00 | 259.75 | 143.09 | 35.04 | +| 498.70 | 322.73 | 269.81 | 310.88 | 348.16 | 189.06 | 102.18 | 27.70 | +| 673.23 | 338.39 | 310.78 | 1011.83 | 889.25 | 209.59 | 96.42 | 35.03 | +| 695.33 | 339.92 | 392.65 | 784.14 | 685.86 | 386.52 | 121.12 | 72.22 | +| 781.48 | 418.44 | 377.25 | 326.32 | 298.77 | 187.51 | 101.71 | 30.44 | +| 410.21 | 241.45 | 241.96 | 239.77 | 224.62 | 155.19 | 90.04 | 23.87 | +| 257.98 | 152.58 | 157.80 | 189.69 | 180.27 | 131.09 | 67.84 | 18.30 | +| 115.65 | 86.40 | 110.88 | 153.93 | 166.93 | 114.31 | 70.14 | 15.00 | + +| $\sigma_{ra}^2$ (N = 00, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|--------------------------------|------|------|------|-------|------|------|------| +| -147.34 | 2.42 | 2.75 | 2.74 | 1.06 | 3.47 | 3.81 | 1.94 | +| 7.41 | 1.85 | 1.42 | 2.45 | 2.71 | 2.47 | 2.92 | 1.11 | +| 4.33 | 2.44 | 2.30 | 2.84 | 4.10 | 3.01 | 2.12 | 0.91 | +| 2.02 | 2.30 | 2.28 | 6.19 | 14.68 | 4.07 | 2.54 | 1.22 | +| 1.47 | 1.65 | 1.91 | 1.95 | 2.59 | 2.14 | 1.76 | 0.72 | +| 0.91 | 1.25 | 1.69 | 1.87 | 2.31 | 2.01 | 1.97 | 0.64 | +| 0.24 | 1.49 | 1.73 | 1.79 | 2.17 | 2.49 | 1.97 | 0.74 | +| 0.56 | 1.19 | 1.67 | 1.57 | 2.03 | 2.51 | 1.86 | 0.63 | + +| $\sigma_{ra}^2$ (N = 01, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|--------------------------------|-------|-------|-------|--------|-------|-------|------| +| -98.65 | 7.23 | 12.28 | 16.74 | 28.48 | 21.16 | 14.01 | 7.51 | +| 68.38 | 26.17 | 30.12 | 17.02 | 24.05 | 11.17 | 11.50 | 4.64 | +| 52.67 | 31.47 | 20.33 | 55.92 | 46.40 | 15.94 | 7.18 | 4.13 | +| 55.88 | 22.52 | 21.74 | 20.49 | -26.08 | 18.16 | 11.99 | 5.17 | +| 57.78 | 22.65 | 17.36 | 12.42 | 9.41 | 7.57 | 5.46 | 2.04 | +| 38.16 | 11.66 | 14.39 | 10.14 | 7.94 | 7.16 | 6.41 | 1.92 | +| 17.30 | 6.30 | 9.06 | 7.86 | 8.11 | 7.63 | 5.71 | 2.06 | +| 19.09 | 11.18 | 14.18 | 9.33 | 5.91 | 8.90 | 4.90 | 1.51 | + +| $\sigma_{ra}^2$ (N = 10, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|--------------------------------|--------|-------|--------|--------|-------|-------|-------| +| 270.44 | 95.98 | 23.19 | 37.17 | 130.06 | 43.82 | 28.90 | 11.65 | +| 322.86 | 117.69 | 79.12 | 58.00 | 103.12 | 43.58 | 23.89 | 8.23 | +| 403.99 | 105.67 | 67.83 | 161.16 | 159.87 | 51.20 | 27.70 | 10.10 | +| 318.06 | 90.48 | 63.68 | 84.56 | 79.09 | 94.84 | 32.74 | 21.90 | +| 308.31 | 89.61 | 62.32 | 55.25 | 37.86 | 30.66 | 19.44 | 5.72 | +| 157.51 | 42.95 | 40.61 | 41.18 | 35.88 | 23.41 | 14.10 | 4.26 | +| 100.88 | 38.99 | 29.09 | 33.19 | 31.78 | 20.95 | 12.49 | 3.17 | +| 28.56 | 22.89 | 22.84 | 28.38 | 28.02 | 16.53 | 11.88 | 3.20 | + +| $\sigma_{ra}^2$ (N = 11, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|--------------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|-------|-------| +| 215.63 | 239.86 | 150.60 | 233.20 | 229.63 | 138.83 | 66.65 | 15.96 | +| 462.41 | 267.85 | 211.23 | 200.69 | 238.45 | 114.55 | 61.91 | 18.08 | +| 759.47 | 295.49 | 235.77 | 590.67 | 452.90 | 144.21 | 71.63 | 26.67 | +| 631.80 | 248.12 | 226.37 | 447.87 | 356.88 | 278.19 | 88.28 | 53.05 | +| 648.37 | 324.00 | 282.16 | 233.76 | 211.48 | 130.67 | 71.81 | 21.87 | +| 350.83 | 181.33 | 166.19 | 155.59 | 149.44 | 101.90 | 59.85 | 15.73 | +| 215.02 | 103.80 | 100.77 | 111.81 | 122.75 | 84.34 | 43.20 | 10.98 | +| 94.04 | 52.48 | 69.36 | 80.46 | 96.70 | 66.93 | 37.45 | 7.58 | + +Visual sensitivity (h) examples: + +| $h(N = 00, v, u)$ | | | | | | | | +|-------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------| +| 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 0.7719 | 0.6314 | 0.5359 | 0.5359 | 0.4384 | 0.4384 | +| 1.0000 | 0.7719 | 0.6314 | 0.4384 | 0.3384 | 0.3384 | 0.3384 | 0.1813 | +| 0.7719 | 0.6314 | 0.4384 | 0.6314 | 0.7719 | 0.3384 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | +| 0.6314 | 0.4384 | 0.6314 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 0.7719 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | +| 0.5359 | 0.3384 | 0.3384 | 0.3384 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | +| 0.5359 | 0.3384 | 0.3384 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | +| 0.7719 | 0.5359 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | +| 0.7719 | 0.7719 | 0.5359 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | 0.1813 | + +| h(N = 01, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------| +| 0.7268 | 0.7268 | 0.6581 | 0.6094 | 0.5722 | 0.5722 | 0.5298 | 0.5298 | +| 0.7268 | 0.6581 | 0.6094 | 0.5298 | 0.4798 | 0.4798 | 0.4798 | 0.3777 | +| 0.6581 | 0.6094 | 0.5298 | 0.6094 | 0.6581 | 0.4798 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | +| 0.6094 | 0.5298 | 0.6094 | 0.7268 | 0.7268 | 0.6581 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | +| 0.5722 | 0.4798 | 0.4798 | 0.4798 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | +| 0.5722 | 0.4798 | 0.4798 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | +| 0.6581 | 0.5722 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | +| 0.6581 | 0.6581 | 0.5722 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | 0.3777 | + +| h(N = 10, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------| +| 0.6072 | 0.6072 | 0.5670 | 0.5377 | 0.5149 | 0.5149 | 0.4882 | 0.4882 | +| 0.6072 | 0.5670 | 0.5377 | 0.4882 | 0.4559 | 0.4559 | 0.4559 | 0.3866 | +| 0.5670 | 0.5377 | 0.4882 | 0.5377 | 0.5670 | 0.4559 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | +| 0.5377 | 0.4882 | 0.5377 | 0.6072 | 0.6072 | 0.5670 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | +| 0.5149 | 0.4559 | 0.4559 | 0.4559 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | +| 0.5149 | 0.4559 | 0.4559 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | +| 0.5670 | 0.5149 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | +| 0.5670 | 0.5670 | 0.5149 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | 0.3866 | + +| h(N = 11, v, u) | | | | | | | | +|------------------------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------| +| 0.4125 | 0.4125 | 0.3395 | 0.2919 | 0.2580 | 0.2580 | 0.2218 | 0.2218 | +| 0.4125 | 0.3395 | 0.2919 | 0.2218 | 0.1826 | 0.1826 | 0.1826 | 0.1142 | +| 0.3395 | 0.2919 | 0.2218 | 0.2919 | 0.3395 | 0.1826 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | +| 0.2919 | 0.2218 | 0.2919 | 0.4125 | 0.4125 | 0.3395 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | +| 0.2580 | 0.1826 | 0.1826 | 0.1826 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | +| 0.2580 | 0.1826 | 0.1826 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | +| 0.3395 | 0.2580 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | +| 0.3395 | 0.3395 | 0.2580 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | 0.1142 | + +## Appendix IV + +### Fast Hadamard transform + +The following method is recommended as FHT. + +$8 \times 8$ WHT matrix $H(8)$ is as follows (Constant value is omitted): + +$$H(8) = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & -1 & 1 & -1 & 1 & -1 & 1 & -1 \\ 1 & 1 & -1 & -1 & 1 & 1 & -1 & -1 \\ 1 & -1 & -1 & 1 & 1 & -1 & -1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & -1 & -1 & -1 & -1 \\ 1 & -1 & 1 & -1 & -1 & 1 & -1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & -1 & -1 & -1 & -1 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & -1 & -1 & 1 & -1 & 1 & 1 & -1 \end{bmatrix}$$ + +This matrix can be rewritten as follows: + +$$h(8) = [A] \times [A] \times [A]$$ + +where: + +$$[A] = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & -1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 \end{bmatrix}$$ + +![Flow diagram of [A] showing connections between nodes k (0-7) and f1(k) (0, 1, 2, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1).](38cbce07f83fba6d5a7c46605bd5743f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a mapping between two sets of nodes. The left set, labeled $k$ , contains nodes 0 through 7. The right set, labeled $f_1(k)$ , contains nodes 0, 1, 2, 3, -1, -1, -1, and -1. The connections are as follows: + +- Node 0 connects to $f_1(k)$ node 0. +- Node 1 connects to $f_1(k)$ node 1. +- Node 2 connects to $f_1(k)$ node 2. +- Node 3 connects to $f_1(k)$ node 3. +- Node 4 connects to $f_1(k)$ node -1. +- Node 5 connects to $f_1(k)$ node -1. +- Node 6 connects to $f_1(k)$ node -1. +- Node 7 connects to $f_1(k)$ node -1. + +T0907300-99/d36 + +Flow diagram of [A] showing connections between nodes k (0-7) and f1(k) (0, 1, 2, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1). + +Figure IV.1/J.88 – Flow diagram of [A] + +Therefore, the flow diagram $\alpha$ of H(8) can be obtained by Figure IV.2. + +![Flow diagram alpha of H(8) showing 8 stages of butterfly computations with nodes labeled f_k, f_{1(k)}, f_{2(k)}, f_{3(k)} and coefficients C_{(p)}.](ae0a735d106290c594b0bafb1f5e72e7_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows an 8-point Fast Hadamard Transform (FHT) butterfly network. The input nodes are labeled $f_k$ for $k = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7$ . The output nodes are labeled $C_{(p)}$ for $p = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7$ . The intermediate stages are labeled $f_{1(k)}$ , $f_{2(k)}$ , and $f_{3(k)}$ . The network consists of three stages of butterfly computations. The first stage (from $f_k$ to $f_{1(k)}$ ) has butterflies between nodes $(0,1)$ , $(2,3)$ , $(4,5)$ , and $(6,7)$ with a $-1$ coefficient on the lower branch. The second stage (from $f_{1(k)}$ to $f_{2(k)}$ ) has butterflies between nodes $(0,2)$ , $(1,3)$ , $(4,6)$ , and $(5,7)$ with a $-1$ coefficient on the lower branch. The third stage (from $f_{2(k)}$ to $f_{3(k)}$ ) has butterflies between nodes $(0,4)$ , $(1,5)$ , $(2,6)$ , and $(3,7)$ with a $-1$ coefficient on the lower branch. The final output nodes $C_{(p)}$ are in natural order. + +Flow diagram alpha of H(8) showing 8 stages of butterfly computations with nodes labeled f\_k, f\_{1(k)}, f\_{2(k)}, f\_{3(k)} and coefficients C\_{(p)}. + +Figure IV.2/J.88 – Flow diagram $\alpha$ of H(8) + +Accordingly, horizontal and vertical calculations of 2D WHT are: + +$$\begin{aligned} + C &= H(8) SH^t(8) \\ + &= ([A] [A] [A] [A] [A] [A] [A] S)^t + \end{aligned}$$ + +These can be implemented using $\alpha$ and a transpose operation $\beta$ as shown in Figure IV.3. + +![Block diagram showing the signal processing flow: S -> alpha -> beta -> alpha -> beta -> C.](4346261cc730a1eb683f35e4ce9deacf_img.jpg) + +The block diagram shows a signal processing pipeline. The input signal $S$ is processed through a sequence of four blocks: $\alpha$ , $\beta$ , $\alpha$ , and $\beta$ , resulting in the output signal $C$ . The blocks are represented by rectangles with arrows indicating the flow from left to right. + +Block diagram showing the signal processing flow: S -> alpha -> beta -> alpha -> beta -> C. + +Figure IV.3/J.88 – Signal processing of FHT + +## Appendix V + +### VLC patterns for WHT coefficients + +Regarding VLC (refer to A.2.7) and VLD (refer to A.3.1) for WHT coefficients, the following patterns must be used. + +### VLC1 for WHT coefficients (Mix B) + +| Variable length code | run | level | +|----------------------|-----|-------| +| 10 | EOB | | +| 0000 01 | ESC | | +| 11s | 0 | 1 | +| 010s | 0 | 2 | +| 0010 0s | 0 | 3 | +| 0001 01s | 0 | 4 | +| 0001 000s | 0 | 5 | +| 0000 1101 0s | 0 | 6 | +| 0000 1100 1s | 0 | 7 | +| 0000 1100 0s | 0 | 8 | +| 0000 1010 01s | 0 | 9 | +| 0000 1001 01s | 0 | 10 | +| 0000 0011 00s | 0 | 11 | +| 0000 0010 11s | 0 | 12 | +| 0000 0010 10s | 0 | 13 | +| 0000 0010 011s | 0 | 14 | +| 0000 0010 010s | 0 | 15 | +| 0000 0010 001s | 0 | 16 | +| 0000 0001 101s | 0 | 17 | +| 0000 0000 1010 s | 0 | 18 | +| 0000 0000 0100 s | 0 | 19 | +| 0000 0000 0000 1s | 0 | 20 | +| 0000 0000 0000 0s | 0 | 21 | +| 011s | 1 | 1 | +| 0001 11s | 1 | 2 | +| 0000 1011 1s | 1 | 3 | +| 0000 1000 11s | 1 | 4 | +| 0000 1000 01s | 1 | 5 | +| 0000 0001 111s | 1 | 6 | +| 0000 0000 111s | 1 | 7 | +| 0000 0000 0011 s | 1 | 8 | + +### **VLC1 for WHT coefficients (Mix B) (cont.)** + +| Variable length code | run | level | +|----------------------|-----|-------| +| 0011 s | 2 | 1 | +| 0000 1101 1s | 2 | 2 | +| 0000 1001 10s | 2 | 3 | +| 0000 1000 00s | 2 | 4 | +| 0000 0001 011s | 2 | 5 | +| 0000 0001 001s | 2 | 6 | +| 0010 1s | 3 | 1 | +| 0000 1010 00s | 3 | 2 | +| 0000 0010 000s | 3 | 3 | +| 0000 0000 1000 s | 3 | 4 | +| 0000 0000 0010 s | 3 | 5 | +| 0001 10s | 4 | 1 | +| 0000 1001 00s | 4 | 2 | +| 0000 0000 0111 s | 4 | 3 | +| 0000 0000 0110 s | 4 | 4 | +| 0001 001s | 5 | 1 | +| 0000 0011 11s | 5 | 2 | +| 0000 0000 0101 s | 5 | 3 | +| 0000 111s | 6 | 1 | +| 0000 0011 01s | 6 | 2 | +| 0000 0000 0001 s | 6 | 3 | +| 0000 1011 0s | 7 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 1100 s | 7 | 2 | +| 0000 1010 1s | 8 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 1011 s | 8 | 2 | +| 0000 1001 11s | 9 | 1 | +| 0000 1000 10s | 10 | 1 | +| 0000 0011 10s | 11 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 110s | 12 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 100s | 13 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 010s | 14 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 000s | 15 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 1101 s | 16 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 1001 s | 17 | 1 | +| 10 | EOB | | +| 0000 01 | ESC | | +| 11s | 0 | 1 | +| 0011 s | 0 | 2 | + +### **VLC1 for WHT coefficients (cont.)** + +| Variable length code | run | level | +|----------------------|-----|-------| +| 0001 000s | 0 | 3 | +| 0000 0011 1s | 0 | 4 | +| 0000 0001 110s | 0 | 5 | +| 0000 0000 1011 s | 0 | 6 | +| 0000 0000 0011 0s | 0 | 7 | +| 011s | 1 | 1 | +| 0001 11s | 1 | 2 | +| 0000 1010 s | 1 | 3 | +| 0000 0010 010s | 1 | 4 | +| 0000 0000 1100 s | 1 | 5 | +| 0000 0000 0001 1s | 1 | 6 | +| 0101 s | 2 | 1 | +| 0001 010s | 2 | 2 | +| 0000 0010 101s | 2 | 3 | +| 0000 0001 0001 s | 2 | 4 | +| 0000 0000 0010 0s | 2 | 5 | +| 0100 s | 3 | 1 | +| 0000 110s | 3 | 2 | +| 0000 0001 101s | 3 | 3 | +| 0000 0000 1010 s | 3 | 4 | +| 0010 1s | 4 | 1 | +| 0000 1000 0s | 4 | 2 | +| 0000 0001 0010 s | 4 | 3 | +| 0000 0000 0000 0s | 4 | 4 | +| 0010 0s | 5 | 1 | +| 0000 0010 110s | 5 | 2 | +| 0000 0000 1001 s | 5 | 3 | +| 0001 10s | 6 | 1 | +| 0000 0010 100s | 6 | 2 | +| 0000 0000 1000 s | 6 | 3 | +| 0001 011s | 7 | 1 | +| 0000 0010 000s | 7 | 2 | +| 0000 0000 0101 1s | 7 | 3 | +| 0001 001s | 8 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 111s | 8 | 2 | +| 0000 0000 0101 0s | 8 | 3 | +| 0000 111s | 9 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 1110 s | 9 | 2 | + +### **VLC1 for WHT coefficients (concluded)** + +| Variable length code | run | level | +|----------------------|-----|-------| +| 0000 1011 s | 10 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 1101 s | 10 | 2 | +| 0000 1001 s | 11 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0111 s | 11 | 2 | +| 0000 1000 1s | 12 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0011 1s | 12 | 2 | +| 0000 0011 0s | 13 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0010 1s | 13 | 2 | +| 0000 0010 111s | 14 | 1 | +| 0000 0010 011s | 15 | 1 | +| 0000 0010 001s | 16 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 100s | 17 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 011s | 18 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 010s | 19 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 0011 s | 20 | 1 | +| 0000 0001 0000 s | 21 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 1111 s | 22 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0110 1s | 23 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0110 0s | 24 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0100 1s | 25 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0100 0s | 26 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0001 0s | 27 | 1 | +| 0000 0000 0000 1s | 28 | 1 | + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.89-199909-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.89-199909-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2a4988cea2b3994441db776da28c18ad394fe0ec --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.89-199909-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,700 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.89** + +(09/99) + +SERIES J: TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND +PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Digital transmission of television signals + +--- + +**Transport mechanism for component-coded +digital television signals using MPEG-2 4:2:2 +P@ML including all service elements +for contribution and primary distribution** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.89 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +## **TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION J.89** + +# **TRANSPORT MECHANISM FOR COMPONENT-CODED DIGITAL TELEVISION SIGNALS USING MPEG-2 4:2:2 P@ML INCLUDING ALL SERVICE ELEMENTS FOR CONTRIBUTION AND PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies the general transport mechanism for conveying all service elements needed for contribution and primary distribution applications of TV programs using MPEG-2 4:2:2 profile at Main level compression. The service elements provided to MPEG-2 coding systems are assumed to be (4:2:2) component video signals, studio quality audio signals and various data signals e.g. teletext and time code. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.89 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 16 September 1999. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2000 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Terms and definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations ..... | 3 | +| 5 Transport mechanism..... | 3 | +| 5.1 Systems layer ..... | 3 | +| 5.2 Video ..... | 3 | +| 5.3 Compressed audio..... | 4 | +| 5.4 Uncompressed audio..... | 4 | +| 5.5 Ancillary data ..... | 5 | +| 5.6 Data ..... | 6 | +| 5.7 Data lines ..... | 6 | +| 5.8 Time code..... | 9 | +| 5.9 Composite testlines..... | 10 | +| 5.10 Encoder information ..... | 12 | +| 6 Channel adaptations..... | 13 | +| 6.1 Transport in PDH/SDH networks ..... | 13 | +| 6.2 Transport in B-ISDN ..... | 13 | +| 7 Bibliography..... | 13 | + + + +# TRANSPORT MECHANISM FOR COMPONENT-CODED DIGITAL TELEVISION SIGNALS USING MPEG-2 4:2:2 P@ML INCLUDING ALL SERVICE ELEMENTS FOR CONTRIBUTION AND PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION + +(Geneva, 1999) + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the general transport mechanism for conveying all service elements needed for contribution and primary distribution applications of TV programs using MPEG-2 4:2:2 profile at Main level compression. The service elements provided to MPEG-2 coding systems are assumed to be (4:2:2) component video signals, studio quality audio signals and various data signals e.g. teletext and time code. This Recommendation ensures the compatibility on level of bit-stream into a decoder. It is based on, and is in conformance with, the MPEG-2 standard ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 [1]. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation H.222.0 (1995) | ISO/IEC 13818-1:1996, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems*. +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation H.262 (1995) | ISO/IEC 13818-2:1996, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Video*. +- [3] ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993, *Information technology – Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1.5 Mbit/s – Part 3: Audio*. +- [4] ISO/IEC 13818-7:1997, *Information technology – Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information – Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding (AAC)*. +- [5] SMPTE 302-1998, *Television – Mapping of AES3 Data into MPEG-2 Transport Stream*. +- [6] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1364 (1998), *Format of ancillary data signals carried in digital component studio interfaces*. +- [7] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1304 (1997), *Checksum for error detection and status information in interfaces conforming with Recommendations ITU-R BT.656 and ITU-R BT.799*. +- [8] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1366 (1998), *Transmission of time code and control code in the ancillary data space of a digital television stream according to ITU-R BT.656, ITU-R BT.799 and ITU-R BT.1120*. +- [9] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1305 (1997), *Digital audio and auxiliary data as ancillary data signals in interfaces conforming to Recommendations ITU-R BT.656 and ITU-R BT.799*. +- [10] Recommendation ITU-R BT.653-3 (1998), *Teletext systems*. +- [11] Recommendation ITU-R BT.601-5 (1995), *Studio encoding parameters of digital television for standard 4:3 and wide-screen 16:9 aspect ratios*. +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation J.131 (1998), *Transport of MPEG-2 signals in PDH networks*. +- [13] ITU-T Recommendation J.132 (1998), *Transport of MPEG-2 signals in SDH networks*. + + + +**3.14 time-stamp:** A term that indicates the time of a specific action such as the arrival of a byte or the presentation of a presentation unit. + +**3.15 transport stream packet header:** The leading fields in a transport stream packet, up to and including the continuity\_counter field. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|------|----------------------------------| +| AAC | Advanced Audio Coding | +| ANC | Ancillary | +| DTS | Decoding Time Stamp | +| EDH | Error Detection and Handling | +| GOP | Group of Pictures | +| LTC | Longitudinal Time Code | +| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group | +| PCR | Program Clock Reference | +| PDH | Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy | +| PES | Packetized Elementary Stream | +| PSI | Program Specific Information | +| PTS | Presentation Time Stamp | +| SDH | Synchronous Digital Hierarchy | +| SEQ | Sequences | +| TS | Transport Stream | +| VBI | Vertical Blanking Interval | +| VITC | Vertical Interval Time Code | +| VITS | Vertical Interval Test Signals | + +# 5 Transport mechanism + +This Recommendation follows the method of describing bit stream syntax and uses symbols given in clause 2 of ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 [1]. + +## 5.1 Systems layer + +PCR repetition rate: The PCR shall occur typically every field interval (16.6 ms for 525/60 TV system and 20 ms for 625/50 TV system) and at least every 100 ms. + +PCR position: PCRs (and adaptation fields) shall be inserted either in the video stream or in a separate PCR stream. + +## 5.2 Video + +### 5.2.1 Video PES format + +Stream\_Id: "1110 xxxx" (video stream number xxxx). + +PES\_packet\_length: "0x0000" (neither specified nor bounded and allowed only in PES packets whose payload consists of bytes from a video elementary stream contained in transport stream packets). + +data\_alignment\_indication: "1" (the PES packet header is immediately followed by the video start code). +Alignment type 0x03 (GOP or SEQ). + +PTS\_DTS\_flags: "10" (PTS fields shall be present in the PES packet header). + +"11"(Both the PTS fields and DTS fields shall be present in the PES packet header). + +### 5.2.2 Video layers + +Profile and Level: The 4:2:2 profile at Main level [2] shall be implemented. + +Sequence header repetition rate: Minimum every second. + +## 5.3 Compressed audio + +### 5.3.1 PES format + +Stream\_Id: "110xxxx" (audio stream number xxxx). + +data\_alignment\_indicator: "1" (the PES packet header is immediately followed by the audio sync word). +Alignment\_type 0x01 (Sync word). + +PTS\_DTS\_flags: "10" (PTS fields shall be present in the PES packet header). + +### 5.3.2 Audio layer + +MPEG-1 Layer II [3] or MPEG-2 AAC [4] shall be implemented. + +#### 5.3.2.1 Coding for stereo + +Coding: MPEG-1 Layer II + +Bit rate: 384 kbit/s other bit rates optional + +Sampling frequency: 48 kHz + +Emphasis: no emphasis + +#### 5.3.2.2 Coding for multichannel + +Coding: MPEG-2 AAC + +Number of channels: up to 6 + +Bit rate per channel: up to 80 kbit/s + +Sampling frequency: 48 kHz + +Emphasis: no emphasis + +## 5.4 Uncompressed audio + +The preferred method for transport of uncompressed audio, including SDI embedded audio (Recommendation ITU-R BT.1305 [9]) is according to SMPTE 302 [5]. + +## 5.5 Ancillary data + +Ancillary data is defined by Recommendation ITU-R BT.1364 [6], and includes checksum, timecode and uncompressed digital audio defined in Recommendation ITU-R BT.1304 [7], Recommendation ITU-R BT.1366 [8], and Recommendation ITU-R BT.1305 [9], respectively. The following applies for transport of the ancillary data. This method may optionally be applied to audio stream according to Recommendation ITU-R BT.1305 [9]. + +### 5.5.1 PES packet format + +Stream\_Id: "1011 1101" (private\_stream\_1). + +data\_alignment\_indicator: "1" (the PES packet header is immediately followed by the sync word). Alignment\_type "0x02" (Video Access Unit). + +PTS\_DTS\_flags: "10" (PTS fields shall be present in the PES packet header). + +PES\_packet\_data\_byte: These bytes are coded in accordance with the ANC\_data( ) syntax as defined below. + +Table 1/J.89 – ANC data field + +| Syntax | No. of bits | Mnemonic | +|--------------------------------|-------------|-------------| +| ANC_data( ) { | | | +| for (i=0; i"1" (the PES packet header is immediately followed by the sync word).

Alignment_type 0x01 (Sync word). | +| PTS_DTS_flags: | "10" (PTS fields shall be present in the PES packet header). | +| PES_header_data_length: | 6. | +| PES_packet_data_bytes: | Filled with the bits of the data channel with removed channel coding. | + +## 5.7 Data lines + +The content of the data lines (for example Teletext according to Recommendation ITU-R BT.653-2 [10] and EBU data line according to EBU Tech 3217) are carried by packets defined with the syntax defined below. The data lines of one video frame form one or more access units. + +### 5.7.1 PES packet format + +The PES packet syntax and semantics are followed noting the following constraints: + +| | | +|---------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Stream_Id: | "1011 1101" (private_stream_1). | +| PES_packet_length: | $N * 184 - 6$ , where N is an integer. | +| data_alignment_indicator: | "1" (the PES packet header is immediately followed by the sync word).

Alignment_type 0x02 (Video Access Unit). | +| PES_header_data_length: | Set to "0x24". | +| stuffing_byte: | The PES header is followed by as many stuffing bytes as are required to make up the header data length, so that the entire PES header is 45 bytes long. | +| PES_packet_data_byte: | These bytes are coded in accordance with the PES data field syntax specified in 5.7.2. | + +PTS and other optional fields may be present in the PES header, but the header length is always fixed. + +### 5.7.2 Syntax for PES data field + +See Table 2. + +Table 2/J.89 – PES data field + +| Syntax | No. of bits | Mnemonic | +|-------------------------------------|-------------|----------| +| PES_data_field ( ) { | | | +| data_identifier | 8 | uimsbf | +| for (i=0; i<<16; i++){ | | | +| data_unit_id | 8 | uimsbf | +| data_unit_length | 8 | uimsbf | +| if (data_unit_id == stuffing_unit){ | | | +| stuffing_field | 43*8 | bslbf | +| } | | | +| else{ | | | +| data_field ( ) | | | +| } | | | +| } | | | +| } | | | + +The syntax for data field is given in Table 3. + +Table 3/J.89 – Teletext data field + +| Syntax | No. of bits | Mnemonic | +|------------------------------------|-------------|----------| +| data_field ( ) { | | | +| reserved | 2 | bslbf | +| field_parity | 1 | bslbf | +| line_offset | 5 | uimsbf | +| framing_code | 8 | bslbf | +| magazine_and_packet_address | 16 | bslbf | +| data_block | 320 | bslbf | +| } | | | + +### 5.7.3 Semantics for PES data field + +**data identifier:** This 8-bit field identifies the type of data carried in the PES packet. It is coded as indicated in Table 4. + +**Table 4/J.89 – Data identifier** + +| Data identifier | Value | +|------------------------|---------------------| +| 0x00-0x0F | reserved | +| 0x10-0x1F | TXT data | +| 0x20-0x7F | reserved | +| 0x80 | TC data | +| 0x81-0x9E | reserved | +| 0x9F | testline | +| 0xA0 | encoder information | +| 0xA1-0xFF | reserved | + +The data identifier shall be set to the same value for each PES packet conveying data in the same Teletext data stream. + +**data unit id:** This 8-bit field identifies the type of data unit. It is coded as indicated in Table 5. + +**Table 5/J.89 – Data unit id** + +| Data unit id | Value | +|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| 0x00 | reserved | +| 0x01 | EBU data line | +| 0x02 | teletext system B, 625-line system, non-subtitle data | +| 0x03 | teletext system B, 625-line system, subtitle data | +| 0x04 | teletext system A, 625-line system | +| 0x05 | reserved | +| 0x06 | teletext system C, 625-line system | +| 0x07-0x10 | reserved | +| 0x11 | teletext system A, 525-line system | +| 0x12 | reserved | +| 0x13 | teletext system B, 525-line system | +| 0x14 | reserved | +| 0x15 | teletext system C, 525-line system | +| 0x16 | reserved | +| 0x17 | teletext system D, 525-line system | +| 0x18-0x80 | reserved | +| 0x81 | VITC and LTC | +| 0x82 | VITC | +| 0x83-0xA0 | reserved | +| 0xA1 | encoder status | +| 0xA2 | video coding parameters | +| 0xA3-0xFE | reserved | +| 0xFF | stuffing unit | + +**data unit length:** This 8-bit field indicates the number of bytes in the data unit following the length field. For data units carrying Teletext data, this field shall always be set to "0x2C". + +**stuffing\_field:** This 43-bytes field is used if needed to fill up the PES to the PES packet length defined in 4.7.1. The field is set to all ones. + +**reserved:** Set to "1". + +**field\_parity:** This 1-bit flag specifies the field for which the data is intended; the value "1" indicates the first field of a frame, the value "0" indicates the second field of a frame. + +**line\_offset:** This 5-bit field specifies the line number on which the Teletext data packet is intended to be presented if it is transcoded into the VBI. + +Within a field, the line-offset numbering shall follow a progressive incremental order except for the undefined line offset value "0". The toggling of the field parity flag indicates a new field. The line\_offset is coded as in Table 6. + +**Table 6/J.89 – Line offset** + +| line_offset | line number | | | | +|-------------|-----------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------|-----------| +| | 625-line system | | 525-line system | | +| | field_parity = 1 field_parity = 0 | | field_parity = 1 field_parity = 0 | | +| 0x00 | undefined | undefined | undefined | undefined | +| 0x01-0x06 | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | +| 0x07 | 7 | 320 | reserved | reserved | +| 0x08 | 8 | 321 | reserved | reserved | +| 0x09 | 9 | 322 | reserved | reserved | +| 0xA0 | 10 | 323 | 10 | 273 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 0x15 | 21 | 334 | 21 | 284 | +| 0x16 | 22 | 335 | reserved | reserved | +| 0x17-0x1F | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | + +**framing\_code, magazine\_and\_packet\_address, data\_block:** These field correspond to the 43 bytes following the clock-run-in sequence of a Teletext data packet as defined in Recommendation ITU-R BT.653-2 [10], system B, 625/50 television systems. Data packets are inserted in the same order as they are intended to arrive at the Teletext decoder or to be transcoded into the VBI. + +For other Teletext systems or the EBU data line the same scheme has to be applied. For lines containing less data bits the remaining bits of the data block are set to 1. + +## 5.8 Time code + +In the case where the time code is delivered as LTC or VITC the following applies: + +### 5.8.1 PES packet format + +As defined in 5.7.1. + +### 5.8.2 Syntax for PES data field + +The syntax for the PES data field is defined in Table 2. + +The syntax for data field is given in Table 7. + +**Table 7/J.89 – Timecode data field** + +| Syntax | No. of bits | Mnemonic | +|---------------------|-------------|----------| +| data_field ( ) { | | | +| reserved | 2 | bslbf | +| field_parity | 1 | bslbf | +| line_offset | 5 | uimsbf | +| VITC_block | 90 | bslbf | +| reserved | 38 | bslbf | +| LTC_block | 80 | bslbf | +| reserved | 17*8 | bslbf | +| } | | | + +### 5.8.3 Semantics for PES data field + +**data\_identifier:** This 8-bit field identifies the type of data carried in the PES packet. It is coded as indicated in Table 4. + +**data\_unit\_id:** This 8-bit field identifies the type of data unit. It is coded as given in Table 5. + +**data\_unit\_length:** This 8-bit field indicates the number of bytes in the data unit following the length field. For data units carrying time code only this field shall always be set to "0x2C". + +**reserved:** Set to "1". + +**field\_parity:** This 1-bit flag specifies the field for which the data is intended; the value "1" indicates the first field of a frame, the value "0" indicates the second field of a frame. + +**line\_offset:** This 5-bit field specifies the line number on which the time code is intended to be presented if it is transcoded into the VBI. + +The line\_offset is coded as in Table 6. + +**VITC\_block:** This field corresponds to the 90 VITC data bits as defined in SMPTE 12M (2), starting with bit number 0. An unused block is filled with ones. + +**LTC\_block:** This field corresponds to the 80 LTC data bits defined in SMPTE 12M (2), starting with bit number 0. An unused block is filled with ones. + +## 5.9 Composite testlines + +The testlines are conveyed uncompressed in PES packets defined below. + +### 5.9.1 PES packet format + +| | | +|---------------------------|----------------------------------------| +| Stream_Id: | Set to "1011 1101" (private_stream_1). | +| PES_packet_length: | 914 (= 5 * 184 – 6). | +| PES_scrambling_control: | "00". | +| data_alignment_indicator: | Set to "1" (aligned). | +| PES_header_data_length: | 9. | + +stuffing\_byte: The required number to make up the header data length. + +PES\_packet\_data\_byte: These bytes are coded in accordance with the VITS\_data\_field syntax below. + +### 5.9.2 Syntax for PES data field + +Table 8/J.89 – VITS data field + +| Syntax | No. of bits | Mnemonic | +|-----------------------|-------------|----------| +| VITS_data_field ( ) { | | | +| data_identifier | 8 | uimsbf | +| field_sequence | 3 | uimsbf | +| line_offset | 5 | uimsbf | +| for (i=0;iSeries J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.92-199704-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/J/T-REC-J.92-199704-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3a58f68885c03bc2fb95bb409d68f7f55947475f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.92-199704-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:97adcbdebb3326a1af9817c0266d6c1cef088a8f97dc377b1e5fd01e721d14f7 +size 8269 diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.92-199704-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.92-199704-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a8d746832a6f70ac23a1ec2011526badb9b7a636 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.92-199704-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,207 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with a lightning bolt and the letters ITU. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.92** + +(04/97) + +SERIES J: TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND +PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Specific Recommendations for television transmission + +--- + +**Recommended operating guidelines for +point-to-point transmission of television +programmes** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.92 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +# TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +| | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General Recommendations concerning sound-programme transmissions | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Characteristics of equipment and lines used for setting up sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Characteristics of equipment for coding analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Characteristics of circuits for television transmissions | J.60–J.69 | +| Systems for television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Specific Recommendations for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Transmission of signals with multiplexing of video, sound and data, and signals of new systems | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive services | J.110–J.119 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Geneva, October 1996). + +ITU-T Recommendation J.92 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 22nd of April 1997. + +--- + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +© ITU 1997 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 Acronyms..... | 1 | +| 3 Operational guidelines ..... | 1 | +| 4 ITS and IDS ..... | 2 | +| Appendix I – Background to the Recommendation ..... | 2 | +| I.1 General considerations..... | 2 | +| I.2 Television transmission over mixed analogue-and-digital links..... | 2 | +| I.3 ITS and IDS signals..... | 3 | +| I.4 Interaction of signal formats and compression schemes in the TV chain..... | 3 | + +# **SUMMARY** + +This Recommendation provides guidelines to operate point-to-point television transmission using bit-rate reduction techniques and to avoid uncontrolled cascading. + + + +# RECOMMENDED OPERATING GUIDELINES FOR POINT-TO-POINT TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION PROGRAMMES + +(Geneva, 1997) + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes a number of operating guidelines that are recommended for use in point-to-point transmission of television signals. They cover the operating aspects listed below: + +- television transmission over mixed analogue-and-digital or all-digital links; +- impacts from coding processes; +- signal format transitions within a TV chain (e.g. composite signals, component signals, etc.); +- insertion points for ITS and IDS signals. + +## 2 Acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following acronyms: + +| | | +|-----|---------------------------| +| DCT | Discrete Cosine Transform | +| IDS | Insertion Data Signals | +| ITS | Insertion Test Signals | +| SNG | Satellite News Gathering | +| VTR | Video Tape Recorder | + +## 3 Operational guidelines + +The following guidelines concerning contribution and primary distribution (point-to-point transmission) of TV programmes are based on current practical experience with cascading of bit-rate reduction systems. + +- The effects of the cascading of bit-rate reduction systems and signal format transitions can reasonably be assured only if the whole chain of TV processing and transmission is considered at the early planning stage. +- Guidelines should be established for the use of bit-rate reduction on transmission links, preferably together with equipment for TV production, as required for the complete TV chain. +- TV chains leading to a dubious quality should be avoided as far as possible. +- In general, contribution circuits require more quality head-room than distribution circuits, so coding schemes and bit-rates should be chosen accordingly. For example, once coding artifacts have been introduced, coding criticality is increased with an adverse effect on all downstream compression systems. +- Objective methods for the measurement of picture quality in quasi real-time on TV chains with cascaded coding processes and signal format transitions is a subject for further study. +- Programme providers and network operators should be made aware of the problems caused by uncontrolled cascading. + +## 4 ITS and IDS + +The implementation of ITS and IDS is optional, but when they are implemented, the following rules apply: + +- An ITS and a blank line signal should be inserted to evaluate the performance of the analogue parts of the TV chain. It should be transmitted transparently through the digital parts of the TV chain using a separate data channel. +- An IDS identifying the video signal source should be inserted and transported through the digital parts of the TV chain using a separate data channel, normally the service data channel. This channel would not be scrambled, thereby permitting monitoring of the IDS without the need for descrambling. +- The IDS should be reinserted as appropriate in the composite analogue video output signal of the decoder. +- If IDS is absent at the input to the digital encoder, the encoder should automatically insert its own IDS instead. Moreover, to ensure that ITS and IDS go hand-in-hand, the encoder should insert new ITS if there is no IDS present at the encoder input. This includes blanking the blank line for noise measurement. + +# Appendix I + +### Background to the Recommendation + +### I.1 General considerations + +Techniques used in television are changing rapidly in the digital domain affecting the whole signal chain from TV signal generation up to the reproduction of the pictures in the consumer's television set. The rationale behind this change is to open new features in the field of TV production techniques but, at the same time, to reduce costs for programme production and signal transmission. + +Despite these rapid changes, it should be kept in mind that at least for a long transition period the introduction of digital techniques for generation, editing and distribution of TV programmes coexists with different signal formats including analogue ones (e.g. formats used up to now for archiving) and with an increasing use of systems individually applying (different) bit-rate reduction algorithms to the picture signals. Signal format transitions as well as different bit-rate reduction processes will be involved in the programme production (e.g. SNG using digital contribution links from remote sites, recording of the TV signals on digital VTRs, storing the signals on "tapeless" production servers), in the transmission of TV programmes for broadcast via satellites or terrestrial transmitter networks, for cable distribution and for the economic delivery of programmes to individuals in the evolving area of video or information on demand. + +Many combinations of signal format transitions and bit-rate reduction processes may be found in the future for contribution, post-processing, and distribution. If unexpected results are to be avoided, account should be taken of all effects caused by the cascading of signal formats and the impact from these processes on the use of point-to-point transmission schemes for the delivery and distribution of TV programmes. + +### I.2 Television transmission over mixed analogue-and-digital links + +In current practice it may well happen that various television transmission links are cascaded, which may be analogue or compressed digital with various degrees of compression. Furthermore, these links may be part of the whole TV chain where post-processing including further signal compression and/or signal format conversions could be applied. + +Such cascading of television and signal compression processes is generally degrading the received picture quality, but the amount of such degradation depends on circuit configuration, the processing of the TV signal for post-production as well as on the characteristics of the picture material fed into the TV chain, since transmission systems as well as production processes can interact with undesirable results. + +For instance, when a received analogue signal, with a poor signal-to-noise ratio or with significant PAL artifacts or showing quantizing noise from a preceding compression step, is DCT encoded for further digital transmission or processing, noise or other artifacts may overload the encoder with adverse effects on the digital picture. + +### **I.3 ITS and IDS signals** + +ITS and IDS were introduced as a means of monitoring the performance of composite analogue transmission chains and for identification of the video signal source respectively. + +ITS have no direct relevance to the monitoring of compressed component digital transmission systems, since they would be severely degraded by such systems if included in the compression process. + +However, it is of interest to transmit them transparently through such digital systems, using a separate data channel. This enables the analogue sections of mixed analogue/digital transmission chains to be monitored correctly, even when a digital section separates two analogue sections for example. + +Note that the blank line, used for signal/noise measurement, should be included in this process. + +Advantage can be taken of the fact that the ITS do not need to be refreshed at frame rate, to reduce the bit rate required to transport them. 10-bits per sample should be used to ensure "high fidelity" transmission of the ITS. + +### **I.4 Interaction of signal formats and compression schemes in the TV chain** + +In the future, operating scenarios for programme production for news presentation and for the preparation of broadcasting sequences will inevitably include a variety of compression algorithms. These will be used within complex and varying configurations of TV chains for signal transport, server-based editing and archiving, and server-based broadcasting. Various bit rates have to be handled within studio and operation environments as well as within wide area networks including B-ISDN. As a consequence, several signal formats and compression schemes may be cascaded. + +The degradation of picture quality (not surprisingly) is strongly dependent on the picture content, but furthermore degradation caused by single sections of the TV chain can accumulate. Picture sequences, which are relatively uncritical for a single section, may become critical by the addition of artifacts generated by cascaded compression systems. Pixel shifts involved between succeeding coding steps may lead to additional degradation of the picture quality and should be avoided. + +Even if there is awareness that the introduction of new digital techniques for production and transport of TV signals needs to be based on a compromise between enhanced functionality, lower costs and resulting picture quality; nevertheless, care must be taken that the uncontrolled cascading of different compression systems is avoided in order to minimize visible degradation of the picture quality at the end of the TV chain. The isolated treatment of coding algorithms in separate sections of the whole chain may lead to serious problems with planning and implementation of new systems. In addition, impacts on the internal and external network operation and topology have to be studied and new solutions will be necessary in the near future. + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +- Series A Organization of the work of the ITU-T +- Series B Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification +- Series C General telecommunication statistics +- Series D General tariff principles +- Series E Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors +- Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services +- Series G Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks +- Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems +- Series I Integrated services digital network +- Series J Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals** +- Series K Protection against interference +- Series L Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant +- Series M Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits +- Series N Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits +- Series O Specifications of measuring equipment +- Series P Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks +- Series Q Switching and signalling +- Series R Telegraph transmission +- Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment +- Series T Terminals for telematic services +- Series U Telegraph switching +- Series V Data communication over the telephone network +- Series X Data networks and open system communication +- Series Z Programming languages \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/J/T-REC-J.93-199803-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/J/T-REC-J.93-199803-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d4860231acc6f58cf1450a71db007bdcfde5b585 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/J/T-REC-J.93-199803-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,348 @@ + + +![ITU logo](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) features the letters 'ITU' in a bold, sans-serif font, superimposed on a stylized globe with intersecting lines. + +ITU logo + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.93** + +(03/98) + +SERIES J: TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND +PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Ancillary digital services for television transmission + +--- + +**Requirements for conditional access in the +secondary distribution of digital television +on cable television systems** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.93 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +## TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +## **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION J.93** + +# **REQUIREMENTS FOR CONDITIONAL ACCESS IN THE SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF DIGITAL TELEVISION ON CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation considers the requirements, hardware and command interfaces, policies, and procedures appertaining to conditional access for the secondary delivery of digital television and data on cable systems. + +### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.93 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 18th of March 1998. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 1998 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions..... | 1 | +| 4 Background..... | 2 | +| 4.1 Television ..... | 3 | +| 4.2 Secondary distribution of cable data..... | 3 | +| 5 Conditional Access requirements on cable systems ..... | 3 | +| 5.1 Signal security requirements..... | 4 | +| 5.2 Key distribution and storage requirements ..... | 4 | +| 5.3 Secure signature..... | 5 | +| 5.4 Control system integrity..... | 5 | +| 5.5 Authorization coding ..... | 5 | +| 6 Manufacturing and distribution security..... | 5 | +| 7 Failure and compromise recovery ..... | 6 | +| 8 Key escrow provision..... | 6 | +| 9 Policies and procedures..... | 6 | +| Appendix I – Bibliography ..... | 7 | + + + +# REQUIREMENTS FOR CONDITIONAL ACCESS IN THE SECONDARY DISTRIBUTION OF DIGITAL TELEVISION ON CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS + +(Geneva, 1998) + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation lists the requirements for the Conditional Access (CA) systems related to the secondary distribution of digital television and data signals over a cable television system. The actual conditional access features selected for implementation in a specific system should be derived from the system requirements for that system. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations, and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation J.83 (1997), *Digital multi-programme systems for television, sound and data services for cable distribution*. +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation J.84 (1997), *Distribution of digital multi-programme signals for television, sound and data services through SMATV networks*. + +## 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms. + +- 3.1 **algorithm:** A mathematical process which can be used for the scrambling and descrambling of a data stream. + - 3.2 **authentication:** The process intended to allow the system to check with certainty the identification of a party. + - 3.3 **authorization coding:** A digital word which describes the personality or service access capability of the subscriber decoder unit. +- NOTE – This code word, which is based on the service access authorized by the billing system, determines which keys are distributed to each customer, and is required at the subscriber decoder to authorize the descrambling of any specific program. +- 3.4 **Conditional Access system (CA):** The complete system for ensuring that cable services are accessible only to those who are entitled to receive them, and that the ordering of such services is not subject to modification or repudiation. + - 3.5 **cryptanalysis:** The science of recovering the plaintext of a message without access to the key (to the electronic key in electronic cryptographic systems). + - 3.6 **cryptographic duty cycle:** The maximum secure capacity of a cryptographic process, based on the total number of bits that can be securely encrypted before it becomes advisable to change the key. + - 3.7 **descrambling:** The process of reversing the scrambling function (see "scrambling") to yield usable pictures, sound, and data services. + +**3.8 electronic key:** The term for data signals which are used to control the descrambling process in subscriber decoders. + +NOTE – There are at least three types of electronic keys: those used for television signal streams, those used for protecting control system operations, and those used for the distribution of electronic keys on the cable system. See also "authorization coding" which is also effectively a key. + +**3.9 encryption:** The process of scrambling signals to avoid unauthorized access. + +**3.10 full period terminated service:** A subscription service that is always available to subscribers during the operating hours of the delivery system. + +NOTE – By contrast, other services, such as a pay-per-view feature film, are only available for a specific period of time. + +**3.11 host:** A device with generalized functionality where modules containing specialized functionality can be connected. + +**3.12 integrity:** The ability of a function to withstand being usurped for unauthorized use, or modified to yield unauthorized results. + +**3.13 intrusion resistance:** The ability of a hardware object to deny physical, electrical, or irradiation-based access to internal functionality by unauthorized parties. + +**3.14 module:** A small device, not working by itself, designed to run specialized tasks in association with a host. + +**3.15 non-repudiation:** A process by which the sender of a message (e.g. a request on a pay-per-view) cannot deny having sent the message. + +**3.16 one-way hash:** A mathematical process or algorithm whereby a variable length message is changed into a fixed length digital word, such that it is very difficult to calculate the original message from the word, and also very difficult to find a second message with the same word. + +**3.17 pay-per-view:** A payment system whereby the subscriber can pay for an individual program or specified period of time. + +**3.18 piracy:** The act of acquiring unauthorized access to programs, usually for the purpose of reselling such access for unauthorized reception. + +**3.19 public key cryptography:** A cryptographic technique based upon a two-key algorithm, private and public, wherein a message is encrypted with the public key but can only be decrypted with the private key. Also known as a Private-Public Key (PPK) system. + +NOTE – Knowing the public key does not reveal the private key. + +Example: Party A would devise such a private and public key, and send the public key openly to all who might wish to communicate with Party A, but retain the private key in secret. Then, while any who have the public key can encrypt a message for Party A, only Party A with the private key can decrypt the messages. + +**3.20 scrambling:** The process of using an encryption function to render television and data signals unusable to unauthorized parties. + +**3.21 secure signature:** A mathematical process by which the origin and integrity of a transmitted message can be ascertained. + +NOTE – If a secure signature system is used, the originator cannot deny having sent the message, and the receiver can determine if the message has been modified. + +**3.22 transport stream:** An MPEG-2 Transport Stream. + +## **4 Background** + +With the advent of digital cable television and data, new standards are required for the Conditional Access (CA), or security, subsystem which performs the several functions associated with this system element. There are numerous standards activities directly addressing the conditional access of cable television and data signals currently in progress worldwide. There are other organizations which address security for these signals tangentially by targeting a larger issue which also includes television and data. + +### 4.1 Television + +Just as with analogue cable television transmissions today, there are varying requirements for the different types of digital television programming material which will be carried to the user's premises on cable delivery systems. These include: + +- basic tier full period terminated subscription television services; +- premium channel full period terminated subscription television services; +- transaction coherent television services such as pay-per-view; +- short-term television which is part of a multimedia transmission for the purpose of marketing, commerce, or communications. + +Cable delivery of television programming has the same basic security challenges found on broadcast, satellite, SMATV (Satellite Master Antenna Television), and Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Systems (MMDS), mainly resulting from the requirement to place an operational decoder with current keying material inside of the user's premises, one of whom happens to also be the pirate, where it can be subjected to sophisticated attack without fear of physical detection. In a traditional governmental or military symmetric key system, this is equivalent to giving the enemy the current cryptographic key. Physical measures, such as secure microprocessors, make the job more difficult, but no such countermeasures will delay the professional for long. Cable delivery has the advantage that in being a closed system, certain policies and procedures discussed below can be implemented to make the pirate's efforts unprofitable. + +In setting CA requirements, attention must be paid to the assessments of risk and threats, and the capital and operational costs of recommended countermeasures. Risk refers to that which might be lost if the CA system were compromised. In the case of cable systems, the risk is the loss of system revenue through signal theft, or the usurpation of control of the system by an unauthorized party. The threat is the individual, organization, or mechanism by which the CA countermeasures are compromised and the risk incurred. All countermeasures, even if they are procedures only, represent some cost to the operating cable system. If the cost to negate the threat is too large relative to the risk, then it is not a workable option. + +### 4.2 Secondary distribution of cable data + +(For further study.) + +## 5 Conditional Access requirements on cable systems + +The general area of Conditional Access (CA), as applied to the secondary distribution of digital television and data on cable systems, can be subdivided and defined as shown in Table 1 below. + +**Table 1/J.93 – Conditional Access requirements and explanations** + +| Conditional Access requirement | Explanation | +|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Signal Security | Provides the encryption of the digital television signals and/or related messaging to prevent unauthorized access to the contents (see 5.1) | +| Key Distribution | Refers to that subsystem which generates, distributes and stores the cryptographic keys for the headend encoders and for the customer premises decoders (see 5.2) | +| Secure Signature | The process by which user authentication and transactional non-repudiation are accomplished (see 5.3) | +| Control System Integrity | Prevents the usurpation of system control by an unauthorized entity (see 5.4) | +| Authorization Coding | A process whereby the access personality of the subscriber decoding unit is protected against unauthorized modification (see 5.5) | + +### 5.1 Signal security requirements + +It is required that any digital television or data channel carried on a cable operating system be subject to scrambling via digital encryption, at the option of the system management. Access to all differentiated services should be controlled by a scrambling process. The following general requirements apply to such cryptographic processes: + +- the cryptographic process chosen should operate in a Private-Public Key (PPK) mode, a symmetric key mode, or should use PPK processes to distribute secret keys for specific transactions; +- the cryptographic engine selected for the scrambling and descrambling of a television or data stream associated with a single RF carrier should be applicable to the distribution systems described in Recommendations J.83 [1] and J.84 [2]; +- the duty cycle of the cryptographic process supporting scrambling should be sufficient to meet good cryptographic design criteria; +- the cryptographic algorithm selected for scrambling should be one which is sufficiently robust to make direct cryptographic attack both initially and subsequently by a third party cost and time ineffective; +- operating characteristics of the cryptographic process such as error extention, latency, data rate, data rate dialation, and interface parameters should be optimized to the MPEG-2 or data transport stream characteristics, as appropriate; +- the cryptographic algorithm selected for signal scrambling should be approved for use worldwide; +- control system overhead required for continuous operation of the scrambling algorithm should be minimized; +- the algorithm should be designed in such a fashion as to facilitate the hardware, software, and firmware diagnostic entry points needed for intensive security system audits and tamper countermeasures. + +### 5.2 Key distribution and storage requirements + +The root element of all CA systems is the binary cryptographic key which is used in conjunction with the other hardware and software elements of the CA system to limit access to the content to authorized users only. Key may be assigned to a group or tiering of television services consisting of several channels scrambled with the same key. Key may also be assigned to an individual television channel, as in the case of a separate premium programmer. A key may also be assigned to an individual television channel, but only for a pre-determined period of time, as in the case of pay-per-view services. Therefore, it is required that the CA mechanism have the ability to store multiple keys as required. + +In addition to the above operational keys, each encoder or decoder should have the capability to store a permanent and unmodifiable binary unique identification number which can be used for identification of the unit or as a type of key for the narrowcasting of signals to that unit. For television, it may be required that the encoders and decoders have the ability to store and utilize additional keys as may be required for system compartmentalization to lessen the risk resulting from subscriber/pirates, an example of which may be a trunk-coherent key system whereby some piece of key is changed according to the trunk address of the subscriber. The exact number and nature of these system-coherent keys is a feature left to the vendors of CA products for specification. + +All keys, whether operational, of the unique identifier type, or system-coherent, should be stored in intrusion resistant circuitry which is cost prohibitive to access by physical or electrical means, by irradiation, or by cryptographic methodology. + +The length of any key is dependent upon the unique characteristics and weaknesses of the selected cryptographic algorithm, but should be sufficiently long to protect against known attacks of the cryptographic system for a period which is sufficient to meet individual system operational security requirements. + +The actual required data rate for the transmission of keying material depends upon the rekeying cycle requirements, the size of the keyed universe, the number of operational keys utilized, and the length of the individual keys. These design specifications should be clearly stated in any description of a CA system destined for cable system usage. + +Key distribution may be accomplished in-band via data packets within the MPEG-2 packet stream, or out-of-band by a stand-alone data carrier on the system. In either case, the key distribution transmissions represent a high value target for the signal pirate and must be protected to a degree considerably beyond that required for television signal security. If the algorithm selected for signal security does not provide that degree of protection, then another algorithm must be utilized for key distribution. Under all circumstances, a separate key is used for the protection of the key distribution system. The protection of the keying material must be sufficient to withstand compromise for a period consistent with the security requirements of the individual cable operating system. + +### 5.3 Secure signature + +The secure signature uniquely guarantees that received messages come from the source indicated, that they have not been modified, and that the sender cannot repudiate having sent the message. This process should protect control and ordering messages which may be sent in either direction on the cable network. + +There are several well-known examples of this kind of functionality, including but not limited to the RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) or DSA (Digital-Signature-Algorithm) algorithms. These systems include a secure one-way hashing algorithm which reduces the arbitrary length message to a fixed length hash which is highly unique to the original message, and has the following characteristics: + +- given any message, it is quick and easy to calculate its unique hash; +- given any hash, it is virtually impossible to calculate the original message; +- given any message and its unique hash, it is virtually impossible to find another message which generates the same hash. + +Certain classic attacks on hashes effectively limit the number of analytic operations to attack the algorithm to about $2^{(1/2 \text{ hash length})}$ . This means that a hash of 64 bits could be broken with $2^{32}$ operations, perhaps an hour's work for a modern high-speed personal computer. For this reason, any hash used for the secure signature function on a cable system should be of sufficient length to meet system operational requirements. + +### 5.4 Control system integrity + +This functionality is implemented to assure that the control system cannot be entered by unauthorized parties for the purpose of signal theft or disruption of services. Control signals wherein the risk of theft or disruption is reasonably low are encrypted in their normal form for transmission to an individual decoder, a group of decoders, or globally to all decoders on the system. Control messages which are of high value may be subjected to additional countermeasures. The control system requires a separate and unique key from those used for either signal security or key distribution. + +### 5.5 Authorization coding + +In addition to the process of cryptographically protecting programming material, a secure process for setting the entitlement or authorization of each individual subscriber is required. In the headend, this service personality determines which cryptographic keys are authorized for downloading to each subscriber, and serves in the subscriber unit as a protection against the unauthorized insertion of pirated cryptographic keys from an external source. It may be implemented by any of a number of techniques. + +## 6 Manufacturing and distribution security + +Hardware which is manufactured for the CA of digital television and data signals on cable systems are required to meet certain practices to ensure the integrity of their systems. These are: + +- all integrated circuit design and test vector documentation will be numbered and audited on a regular basis with any missing pieces documented for the examination of potential customers; +- all manufactured integrated circuits for use in CA hardware will be audited and every piece documented as to its final disposition, including its integration in a host device and the host's serial number, its distribution path, and the identification of the cable operating system wherein it is operating. Additionally, all integrated circuits will be marked with an unchangeable unique identification number which is both physically and electrically readable. + +## 7 Failure and compromise recovery + +For financial, operational, and security reasons, it is required that the CA circuitry or software be easily removable and replaceable, without having to also replace the host device(s) with which it interacts. Such replacements may be necessary because of failure of the mechanical, electrical, or software elements of the CA functionality, because changing business and architectural structures requires new or different functionality, or because some attack, which has led to a cost-effective compromise of security, has been devised and deployed, resulting in the unacceptable loss of system revenues or control. + +Removability implies that all of the CA circuitry and software be contained within a module which interfaces with a host device, such as a set top or set back decoder unit, a television receiver or VCR, a data modem, or a personal computer. Replaceability means that there are no interface, operational, legal, or financial factors which would make replacing the CA functionality impossible. + +To meet these requirements, the interface between the removable CA module and the host device must be non-proprietary and open in architecture. There are a number of such interfaces and module form factors commonly defined for other international applications which may be appropriate in this instance, for example the DVB common interface specification (see [I.3]) or the specification defined by the National Renewable Security Standard (see [I.4]). (For further study.) + +## 8 Key escrow provision + +If the national law of any country requires the inclusion of a key escrow capability within the CA system, then functionality should be included to implement such. At the time of this Recommendation, no such requirement exists in any country which is a treaty member of the ITU. + +## 9 Policies and procedures + +No cryptographic system is truly secure without a set of underlying policies and operational procedures which support the function. How these policies and procedures are implemented in a given cable operating system is situationally dependent. Therefore, the following guidelines should be taken as recommended practices and adapted to each operational situation as required: + +- personnel who have access to the CA control system at the cable headend or regional hub, or who routinely handle subscriber units, should fall under a human reliability program; +- access to key elements of the CA system should be restricted and surveillance of such areas maintained; +- large cable systems or conglomerations should be compartmented by cryptographic procedures to reduce the market area of subscriber/pirates; +- unproven CA systems which are being considered for purchase should be submitted to an independent certifying agency for testing; +- a system of regular security audits should be initiated and maintained; +- procedures should be in place so that if an active illegal CA unit is captured, the identification of the pirate/subscriber can be ascertained by examination of the unique identifier in the unit and its authorization code. + +## Appendix I + +## Bibliography + +The following regional and international standards are included herein as applicable background information: + +- [I.1] ISO/IEC 13818-1:1996, *Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems*. +- [I.2] ISO 7816: *Identification Cards*, Parts 1-6. +- [I.3] Common Interface Specification for Conditional Access and other Digital Video Broadcasting Decoder Applications, *DVB A007*, July 1995. +- [I.4] National Renewable Security Standard, *EIA/NCTA IS-679*, Parts A and B. +- [I.5] Digital Video Broadcasting – Support for use of Scrambling and Conditional Access with Digital Broadcasting Systems, *EBU*. +- [I.6] CCIR Report 1079-1 (1990), *General Characteristics of a Conditional Access Broadcasting System*. +- [I.7] ITU-T Recommendation J.81 (1993), *Transmission of component-coded digital television signals for contribution-quality applications at the third hierarchical level of ITU-T Recommendation G.702*. +- [I.8] ITU-T Recommendation J.91 (1994), *Technical methods for ensuring privacy in long-distance international television transmission*. +- [I.9] ITU-T SG 9 Delayed Contribution D.19 (1997-2000): *The conditional access system of digital cable television in Japan*. + + + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communication | +| Series Y | Global 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b/marked/J/T-REC-J.95-199909-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,2225 @@ + + +![ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: A globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**J.95** + +(09/99) + +SERIES J: TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND +PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS + +Ancillary digital services for television transmission + +--- + +**Copy protection of intellectual property for +content delivered on cable television systems** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.95 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS + +# **TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| General Recommendations | J.1–J.9 | +| General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission | J.10–J.19 | +| Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits | J.20–J.29 | +| Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits | J.30–J.39 | +| Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals | J.40–J.49 | +| Digital transmission of sound-programme signals | J.50–J.59 | +| Circuits for analogue television transmission | J.60–J.69 | +| Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links | J.70–J.79 | +| Digital transmission of television signals | J.80–J.89 | +| Ancillary digital services for television transmission | J.90–J.99 | +| Operational requirements and methods for television transmission | J.100–J.109 | +| Interactive systems for digital television distribution | J.110–J.129 | +| Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks | J.130–J.139 | +| Measurement of the quality of service | J.140–J.149 | +| Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks | J.150–J.159 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +## **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION J.95** + +## **COPY PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FOR CONTENT DELIVERED ON CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS** + +### **Summary** + +This Recommendation describes the necessary requirements for a system to protect the intellectual property rights (IPR) of television programming entities against the illegal copying, duplication and distribution of their creative property. The system described herein has aspects that prohibit unauthorized individuals from accessing encrypted MPEG data streams. Also, techniques for "watermarking" television signals for identification and copying allowances are presented. + +The material herein contains both general descriptions and discussions of specific technical approaches to copy protection. + +### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation J.95 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on 16 September 1999. + +### **Keywords** + +Conditional access, digital television, MPEG, security, television, video recording. + +### FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +### INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2001 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +### CONTENTS + +*Page* + +| | | | +|-------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| 1 | Introduction and background ..... | 1 | +| 2 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| 3 | References (Informative) ..... | 1 | +| 4 | Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 5 | Watermarking of digital television intellectual property ..... | 3 | +| 5.1 | Background and functional requirements ..... | 3 | +| 5.2 | Implications for design approach ..... | 4 | +| 6 | Access control copy protection measures ..... | 4 | +| 6.1 | Background and functional requirements – Analogue signals ..... | 4 | +| 6.2 | Background and functional requirements – MPEG digital signals ..... | 4 | +| 6.3 | Authorization centre functionality ..... | 4 | +| 7 | Factors regarding the inclusion of copy protection functionality into cable television and consumer electronics equipment ..... | 5 | +| 7.1 | Watermarking ..... | 5 | +| 7.2 | Access control copy protection ..... | 5 | +| 7.3 | Other impacts ..... | 5 | +| | Appendix I – The EBU approach to copy protection of television intellectual property delivered on secondary cable TV systems ..... | 5 | +| | Appendix II – Galaxy watermark proposal ..... | 7 | +| II.1 | System Architecture ..... | 8 | +| II.2 | Generation Copy Control ..... | 11 | +| II.3 | Technical maturity ..... | 11 | +| II.4 | Gate Count analysis ..... | 12 | +| II.5 | Robustness tests ..... | 12 | +| II.6 | False Positive analysis ..... | 13 | +| II.7 | Embedding technology and system ..... | 14 | +| II.8 | Abbréviations ..... | 15 | +| II.9 | Contact Information ..... | 15 | +| | Appendix III – The 5C proposal for the copy protection of MPEG video intellectual property ..... | 16 | +| III.1 | Introduction ..... | 16 | +| III.2 | Terms and abbreviations ..... | 21 | +| III.3 | The 5C Digital Transmission Content Protection System ..... | 21 | +| III.4 | Full Authentication ..... | 23 | +| III.5 | Restricted Authentication ..... | 30 | +| III.6 | Content Channel management and protection ..... | 34 | +| III.7 | System Renewability ..... | 43 | +| III.8 | AV/C Digital Interface Command Set Extensions ..... | 45 | + +## **COPY PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FOR CONTENT DELIVERED ON CABLE TELEVISION SYSTEMS** + +*(Geneva, 1999)* + +## **1 Introduction and background** + +The illegal recording and duplicating of television intellectual property has resulted in a very large illegal business worldwide, and has cost the owners of the intellectual property significant funds in lost revenue. With the change to digital MPEG television, the problem is exacerbated because digital recordings can be duplicated in their original quality over many generations, whereas analogue recordings are reduced in fidelity with each successive generation, and become unusable at some point. In systems where the MPEG digital signal is received and rendered into an analogue equivalent for viewing on an analogue-only television receiver, the quality of that analogue signal causes it to be a target for pirating also, and thus must be protected. + +To assist in these goals, approaches have been developed for hiding digital markings in digital television intellectual property in a manner that is both undetectable and incorruptible. This process, called "watermarking", is based on the science of cryptography but is not cryptographic in itself, and it contains the identity of the property owner and that owner's rules regarding copies, namely, none, one copy for personal use, or unlimited copies. + +In addition to watermarking, copy protection requires that clear-text MPEG digital television signals, or their analogue equivalents, are never allowed to traverse signal lines outside of the physical boundaries of the in-home consumer electronics equipment. To accommodate this requirement, a secondary scrambling system is required to temporarily cover these signals during their in-premises distribution, whether in digital or analogue format. A cryptographic system is proposed to cover the digital MPEG signals, and an existing commercial system which rapidly varies the timing is proposed to cover the analogue signals. + +To accommodate legal action against any one who would subvert these countermeasures, it is desired that the processes be proprietary and protected by licensing procedures. However, the licensing should be carefully crafted so as not to produce unnecessary discrimination and/or disadvantage to companies who must produce these copy protection systems. + +## **2 Scope** + +This Recommendation describes both the cryptographic techniques to protect access to clear-text MPEG digital television signals, and a process, known as "watermarking" which indelibly marks the intellectual property as to its owner and that owner's requirements regarding copying. A successful copy protection system supports the legal privilege of the owner of the IPR to control the distribution of the protected product. + +Approaches to copy protection for content described in this Recommendation should be considered for use in other applications that require similar protection, such as over-the-air broadcasting, distribution of recorded programmes (e.g. by DVD), etc. + +## **3 References (Informative)** + +- 1394 Trade Association, Specification for AV/C Digital Interface Command Set. +- Digital Transmission Protection License Agreement, Development and Evaluation License, Digital Transmission Licensing Authority. +- Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator, 5C Digital Transmission Content Protection Specification, Volume 1, Version 0.91. + +- Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator, *5C Digital Transmission Content Protection Specification*, Volume 2, Version 0.90. +- IEC 61883-1 (1998), *Consumer audio/video Equipment – Digital Interface – Part 1: General*. +- IEEE Std 1394-1995, *IEEE's Standard for a High Performance Serial Bus*. +- IEEE P1363, *Editorial Contribution to Standard for Public Key Cryptography*, Preliminary Draft, P1363/D3 (May 11, 1998). +- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), *Secure Hash Standard (SHS)*, FIPS Publication 180-1, 17 April, 1995. +- Toshiba Corporation, *Efficient Implementation of an Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem* (available at ). + +## 4 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 4.1 algorithm:** A mathematical process that can be used for the scrambling and descrambling of a data stream. +- 4.2 authentication:** The process intended to allow the system to check with certainty the identification of a party. +- 4.3 authorization coding:** A digital word that describes the personality or service access capability of the subscriber decoder unit. +- NOTE – This code word, which is based on the service access authorized by the billing system, determines which keys are distributed to each customer, and is required at the subscriber decoder to authorize the descrambling of any specific programme. +- 4.4 Conditional Access system (CA):** The complete system for ensuring that cable services are accessible only to those who are entitled to receive them, and that the ordering of such services is not subject to modification or repudiation. +- 4.5 cryptanalysis:** The science of recovering the plaintext of a message without access to the key (to the electronic key in electronic cryptographic systems). +- 4.6 cryptographic duty cycle:** The maximum secure capacity of a cryptographic process, based on the total number of bits that can be securely encrypted before it becomes advisable to change the key. +- 4.7 descrambling:** The process of reversing the scrambling function (see "scrambling") to yield usable pictures, sound, and data services. +- 4.8 electronic key:** The term for data signals that are used to control the descrambling process in subscriber decoders. +- NOTE – There are at least three types of electronic keys: those used for television signal streams, those used for protecting control system operations, and those used for the distribution of electronic keys on the cable system. See also "authorization coding" which is also effectively a key. +- 4.9 encryption:** The process of scrambling signals to avoid unauthorized access. +- 4.10 full period terminated service:** A subscription service that is always available to subscribers during the operating hours of the delivery system. +- NOTE – By contrast, other services, such as a pay-per-view feature film, are only available for a specific period of time. +- 4.11 host:** A device with generalized functionality where modules containing specialized functionality can be connected. +- 4.12 integrity:** The ability of a function to withstand being usurped for unauthorized use, or modified to yield unauthorized results. +- 4.13 intrusion resistance:** The ability of a hardware object to deny physical, electrical, or irradiation-based access to internal functionality by unauthorized parties. +- 4.14 module:** A small device, not working by itself, designed to run specialized tasks in association with a host. +- 4.15 non-repudiation:** A process by which the sender of a message (e.g. a request on a pay-per-view) cannot deny having sent the message. + +**4.16 one-way hash:** A mathematical process or algorithm whereby a variable length message is changed into a fixed-length digital word, such that it is very difficult to calculate the original message from the word, and also very difficult to find a second message with the same word. + +**4.17 pay-per-view:** A payment system whereby the subscriber can pay for an individual programme or specified period of time. + +**4.18 piracy:** The act of acquiring unauthorized access to programmes, usually for the purpose of reselling such access for unauthorized reception. + +**4.19 public key cryptography:** A cryptographic technique based upon a two-key algorithm, private and public, wherein a message is encrypted with the public key but can only be decrypted with the private key. Also known as a Private-Public Key (PPK) system. + +NOTE – Knowing the public key does not reveal the private key. + +Example: Party A would devise such a private and public key, and send the public key openly to all who might wish to communicate with Party A, but retain the private key in secret. Then, while any who have the public key can encrypt a message for Party A, only Party A with the private key can decrypt the messages. + +**4.20 scrambling:** The process of using an encryption function to render television and data signals unusable to unauthorized parties. + +**4.21 secure signature:** A mathematical process by which the origin and integrity of a transmitted message can be ascertained. + +NOTE – If a secure signature system is used, the originator cannot deny having sent the message, and the receiver can determine if the message has been modified. + +**4.22 transport stream:** An MPEG-2 Transport Stream. + +## **5 Watermarking of digital television intellectual property** + +### **5.1 Background and functional requirements** + +One of the basic requirements for defining intellectual property is that it must be marked in some manner which identifies it as such and states the identity of the owner of that property. In printed material this is commonly accomplished by the universally recognized trademark symbol, with a footnote indicating the owner of the property. This may often be followed by a statement that delineates the owner's directions as to its use, for instance "May be copied for non-commercial use only". All currencies use several methods to separate legal tender from counterfeit. + +It is the desire of the producers of television property to be able to mark their intellectual property in some manner that delineates their ownership and their imposed limitations on its use. The requirements for the watermarking system are as follows: + +- 1) Clearly state the owner of the property and the copying allowances related thereto. +- 2) The marking of the television product must be present in all or virtually all frames. +- 3) The marking must be undetectable in the presentation of the artistic product, even subliminally. +- 4) The unauthorized changing of the marking must be virtually impossible without corrupting the original product to beneath commercial fidelity. +- 5) The marking of the product must be machine readable. +- 6) The false positive error ratio must be negligibly small for long periods (e.g. 1 second in 30 years). +- 7) The embedded data must be detectable through adaptations that change the screen format or during zoom functions. +- 8) Multiple watermarks must be able to coexist without interference. + +How these functions are provided in a watermarking system are the object of considerable work, two approaches of which are shown in Appendices I and II. + +### **5.2 Implications for design approach** + +These functional requirements suggest that the marking of the television intellectual property can best be accomplished through using some aspects of the science of cryptology. Using different techniques, the owner of the intellectual property can be highly certain that the marking is difficult to detect, virtually impossible to modify, can easily be inserted into each frame, if required, and can be read by properly authorized origination and consumer electronics hardware. The impact on the original video in using a cryptographic approach is the very slight increase in the noise floor of the signal. The selection of a set of common cryptographic processes and the choice as to how those algorithms are implemented in equipment are not part of this Recommendation. + +## **6 Access control copy protection measures** + +### **6.1 Background and functional requirements – Analogue signals** + +Copy-protected analogue signals that are transported over interconnect wiring at the viewer premises after having been received from a secondary cable system, whether originally sent in analogue format or converted to analogue format from digital in the set-top box, are to be protected from casual copying using one or a combination of more than one currently available schemes to prevent the copying of analogue signals on a conventional VCR. Signals that have no implied copy protection, or those which are converted for use in the display device and are not available in clear-text format outside of the display device, do not need this protection. + +### **6.2 Background and functional requirements – MPEG digital signals** + +The primary objective of this Recommendation is to assure that clear-text MPEG digital television signals are not easily accessed for the purpose of making unauthorized recordings thereof. This means that all MPEG signals, while being delivered to the customer premises on a cable system, or when being transferred among consumer electronics devices within said premises, must be provided protection against unauthorized access. The science of conditional access, found in Recommendation J.93, applies to those MPEG signals that are being delivered on the secondary cable system. Copy protection applies to those signals that are being transferred among consumer electronic devices within the customer premises. + +A system providing encryption and de-encryption of the MPEG signals for transport over the interconnecting wiring in the customer premises is indicated to fulfil this requirement. The encryption system selected must incorporate the following attributes: + +- 1) simple and cost-effective to implement in consumer grade hardware; +- 2) self-recovering if cryptographic synchronization is lost; +- 3) implemented in both internal and Point-of-Deployment (POD) module format; +- 4) can be authorized and de-authorized from, and report status to, a distant point; +- 5) no purposeful or inadvertent single-point failure can fail the system to clear text MPEG on the interconnecting wiring. + +### **6.3 Authorization centre functionality** + +With the above-described cryptographic system used to protect signals on the interconnect wiring, an external system element is required to perform the following functions: + +- 1) authorize and provide key for newly installed consumer electronics hardware; +- 2) de-authorize illegal or stolen consumer electronics hardware; +- 3) assist in failure recovery modes; +- 4) provide a security and operational auditing system; +- 5) provide reports to the owners of affected copy-protected materials; +- 6) coordinate intended actions with cable system head ends. + +Operating efficiencies require these authorization centres to be at least multiple in scope. They may be geographically regional, or encompass smaller populations. They will require a two-way communications link into every customer home and to every device fitted with copy protection functionality. Authorization and failure mode resolution functions will require virtually real-time access to the consumer electronics hardware. Cost and practicality will require this communications to be carried over incumbent networks without unduly burdening existing operations. + +In addition, communication paths will be required among the several authorization centres, with back channels to those television providers who pay for the copy protection of their materials. The nature of these back channels are unknown and will require future work to define. + +## **7 Factors regarding the inclusion of copy protection functionality into cable television and consumer electronics equipment** + +### **7.1 Watermarking** + +Since watermarking is installed in the root video at the time of production, and is only read by certain consumer hardware at the point of use, the delivery network, *per se*, has no responsibilities relative to this functionality. + +### **7.2 Access control copy protection** + +It is in the protection of the signals on the interconnect wiring in the customer premises where the greatest impact to cable delivery systems will occur. Each piece of video processing equipment at the end-user premises must be capable of being authenticated by the authorization facility and with all other germane co-located consumer devices through which MPEG television is to be processed, and it must have the capability to encrypt and decrypt MPEG television signals as required. Any source or recording devices among the consumer hardware, such as DVD players, VCRs, or set-top boxes, must also have the ability to read the watermarking signal so as to determine the owners desire regarding recording. These functions must be standardized as they must work cross-manufacturer and cross-industry as to media. + +### **7.3 Other impacts** + +The described system requires real time, full-duplex control channels between the regional control centres and all impacted hardware within that region. The medium to be utilized and the protocols required are unknown at this time and the definition of such must result from further work. + +## **Appendix I** + +### **The EBU approach to copy protection of television intellectual property delivered on secondary cable TV systems** + +In order to ensure respect of IPR related to the TV programmes, the proposal made here by the EBU is that it must be possible to identify any digital object and to link that identification to a database which holds all necessary data on the relevant intellectual property rights. By matching this request with the state of the art in digital media protection, the EBU came out with the following remarks and proposes the appended Reference Model (see Figure I.1). + +- 1) No digital object, e.g. TV sequence, should be made available to the public without appropriate protection inserted inside the object itself; ideally in the long term, a non-identified object could not be sold on the digital marketplace. + +- 2) As right holders need different types of information, it appears impossible to satisfy all requests with direct marking of the related data: an identifier should therefore be used only as a link to a secured database containing all the necessary information. +- 3) Any small part of the sequence which can be isolated and re-used must carry the identifier which is a link to the IPR database. +- 4) The shortest unique identifier has been established as 64 bits, allowing for a number of combinations from 16 decimal figures to a mix-up of less letters and figures. An example of identification process with 64 bits is given in ISO 10918-4 (identification of still pictures); ISBN, ISSN, ISRC, ISMN, ISWC or ISAN can also be used within the same 64-bit space. +- 5) The 64-bit identifier should be marked inside the object itself in such a way that it is both invisible and impossible to erase or modify without producing visible effects. +- 6) The contents of the 64-bit identifier must be delivered by a Registration Authority and may be called a "License Plate" or LP. +- 7) The identifier may be used to link to a database containing the IPR information (creation watermark) or the distribution information (distribution watermark) +- 8) Therefore two watermarks may be inserted inside the data stream, with reference to remarks 5) to 8). In order to mark all frames, if MPEG-2 is used, each I-frame will be marked. +- 9) As an identifier cannot be fully significant with its small size, it can only be used as a link. The link type can be a hyper link between the object and the database containing the relevant information. +- 10) To secure the watermark, it has been suggested to duplicate the contents (64 bits) in a tag present in the bit stream file. A 64-bit space has been reserved for this purpose in MPEG-2. +- 11) It should also be recommended to use the 64-bit space parted in two halves, the first 32 bits defining the originating Registration Authority (REGAUT) who delivered the identifier, while the last 32 bits would be used to number the object, with a capacity of 4 billion identifiers. +- 12) A currently used such identifier is the IMLP (ISO Multimedia License Plate for still picture identification) which is structured as follows: + + +/ISO country code (16 bits)/REGAUT identity (16 bits)/registration number (32 bits)/ +- 13) Tables to get the REGAUT URL from their identity will be available on a web site to allow for automatic link between the object and its IPR data. +- 14) Monitoring the bit stream will result in reading the two watermarks, with the ability to link automatically to the databases where the required information is kept. +- 15) Watermark content can be used for legal purposes, in particular if it is delivered by a Registration Authority. +- 16) Delivery of the watermark content is done against supply of information which is supposedly reliable and definitely kept in a safe place by the REGAUT. +- 17) Each REGAUT may define its registration process and must guarantee authenticity of registered data. +- 18) Access control to the relevant data is up to the REGAUT management. + +![Figure I.1/J.95 – IPR Reference Model. A flow diagram showing the interaction between various entities in an IPR system. At the top, 'IPR database' and 'IPRD database' are connected to 'RA1+TTP1' and 'RA2+TTP2' respectively. Below these, 'Originator', 'Sv Producer', 'Primary distributor', 'Secondary distributor', and 'End user' are shown in a linear flow. Arrows between them are labeled with codes: OR (Originator Registration), P [W1] (Protection), D1 (Declaration related to W1), PR (Sv Producer Registration), D2 (Declaration of work done), DR1 (Distributor Registration Primary), D3 (Declaration of what was distributed), DR2 (Distributor Registration Secondary), W1, W2, and W3 (Watermarks). A separate 'Originator' box at the bottom left also points to 'Sv Producer' with a 'W1' label. A small text 'T0908350-99/d01' is in the bottom right of the diagram area.](d4af765160d04ecef538e5066006dc77_img.jpg) + +T0908350-99/d01 + +| | | | | +|----|-----------------------------------------|-----|----------------------------------------------------------| +| OR | Originator Registration | D2 | Declaration of the work done (Mise en Forme or Assembly) | +| P | Protection (Watermark content) | DR1 | Distributor Registration (Primary) | +| D1 | Declaration (of the work related to W1) | D3 | Declaration (of what was distributed) | +| PR | Sv Producer Registration | DR2 | Distributor Registration (Secondary) | + +Figure I.1/J.95 – IPR Reference Model. A flow diagram showing the interaction between various entities in an IPR system. At the top, 'IPR database' and 'IPRD database' are connected to 'RA1+TTP1' and 'RA2+TTP2' respectively. Below these, 'Originator', 'Sv Producer', 'Primary distributor', 'Secondary distributor', and 'End user' are shown in a linear flow. Arrows between them are labeled with codes: OR (Originator Registration), P [W1] (Protection), D1 (Declaration related to W1), PR (Sv Producer Registration), D2 (Declaration of work done), DR1 (Distributor Registration Primary), D3 (Declaration of what was distributed), DR2 (Distributor Registration Secondary), W1, W2, and W3 (Watermarks). A separate 'Originator' box at the bottom left also points to 'Sv Producer' with a 'W1' label. A small text 'T0908350-99/d01' is in the bottom right of the diagram area. + +Figure I.1/J.95 – IPR Reference Model + +## Appendix II + +### Galaxy watermark proposal + +### Summary + +The proposed Galaxy watermarking technology embeds 8 bits of data as a transparent digital watermark into uncompressed digital video. This watermark can be detected in both baseband and MPEG-2 domains. It is called the Primary Mark. The first two bits of Primary Mark represent Copy Control Information (CCI) such as "copy-never", "Copy-one-generation" and "No-more-copies". The detector uses the adaptive period detection algorithm to detect the Primary Mark with a predetermined false positive error ratio. Even from the heavily degraded content, reliable detection can be achieved without exceeding the predetermined false positive ratio, which is set to less than $10^{-12}$ , in trade with the extension of the detection time. + +Galaxy proposes to have another transparent watermark inserted into the video at the digital recorders to serve as an identification of the copied material. This is called the Copy Mark insertion. The technology inserts another transparent watermark without any disturbance to the pre-embedded Primary Mark. The insertion of this Copy Mark can take place in both baseband and MPEG-2 domains and the detection of the same Copy Mark can also be done in both domains. We add Copy Mark to the "Copy-one-generation" content to change the status to "No-more-copies" for the purpose of Generation Copy Control. Note that the Copy Marks embedded in the both domains are identical. + +Galaxy watermarking technology is compatible and interchangeable between the MPEG domain and baseband domain; therefore, it offers great deal of freedom to the device manufacturers to choose the implementation location of the watermark detector and the Copy Mark inserter. The final decision of the location to place the detector/inserter should be made from the aspect of security and implementation cost. + +Galaxy completed the design and software prototyping of a single unified watermarking technology and has performed extensive survivability and transparency tests to make the algorithm stable. The survivability tests that have been achieved are reported below. The technology is mature enough for an immediate verification test by CPAC. This appendix also describes how the false positive error ratio can be controlled by the threshold value at the detection. + +Finally, automated embedding technology and easy-to-operate and secure embedding system is described. The real-time embedding system is a PC-based DSP system. + +### II.1 System architecture + +#### II.1.1 Overview of watermark usage + +In the Galaxy watermarking system, Primary Mark carries 8 bits of information and the first two bits are used for Copy Control Information (CCI). The usage of other bits is beyond the scope of this appendix but should be agreed by the involved parties of ICPAC, including APS trigger bits. The Galaxy technology also can insert and detect another independent watermark called Copy Mark, which coexists with Primary watermark and used to changes the interpretation of CCI of Primary Mark for the Generational Copy Control. + +In the usage of CCI, the following is commonly understood at DHSG. + +- 1) Content distributed by electronic means such as digital TV may be marked (1,1), (1,0), (0,0) or may not be marked. +- 2) All content distributed by DVD-ROM media are either marked (1,1), (0,0) or may not be marked. +- 3) All content distributed by DVD-ROM media marked (1,1) is scrambled by CSS. +- 4) DVD playback devices are able to distinguish recordable media from read-only media. +- 5) "No more copies" state is allowed only to be on recordable media. + +Examples of record control and playback control are described below. Galaxy watermark technology is capable and flexible to address all possible implementation scenarios. The actual implementation should be discussed in conjunction with the total copy protection system design. + +##### *Record and generation copy control* + +The detected CCI listed in Table II.1 can be used to trigger action of digital recorders such as DVD recorders. Here CFP is the Call for Proposal issued by DHSG in May of 1997. + +**Table II.1/J.95 – Definition of CCI and required Response for Copy Control in recording devices** + +| Detected CCI | Definition in CFP | Response of Recorder | +|--------------------|---------------------|------------------------------| +| 1,1 | Copy-never | Prevent Copy | +| 1,0 | Copy-one-generation | Allow Copy and add Copy Mark | +| 1,0 with Copy Mark | No-more-copies | Prevent Copy | +| 0,0 or no mark | Copy allowed | Allow Copy | + +##### *Playback control* + +The detected CCI and the information of the playback media can be used to trigger the actions of compliant DVD players. An example of definition is listed in Table II.2. By assuming that the watermark will not be detected when CSS scrambling is present, we assigned "Prevent playback" as unauthorized copying when CCI = (1,1) is detected from DVD-ROM media without CSS scrambling. + +**Table II.2/J.95 – Definition of CCI and response for Playback Control in DVD players** + +| Detected media type | Detected CCI | Response of the device | +|-------------------------|--------------------|------------------------| +| Read only | 1,1 | Prevent playback* | +| | 1,0 | Prevent playback | +| | 1,0 with Copy Mark | Prevent playback | +| | 0,0 or no mark | Allow playback | +| Recordable & rewritable | 1,1 | Prevent playback | +| | 1,0 | Prevent playback | +| | 1,0 with Copy Mark | Allow playback | +| | 0,0 or no mark | Allow playback | + +#### II.1.2 System Configuration + +System configuration for playback control and recording control for DVD system are explained here using three types of watermark detection/Copy Mark insertion logic in this subclause. These are the fundamental building blocks for the total Copy Control system design. The Primary Mark can be detected in both MPEG-2 and baseband domains and the Copy Mark can be inserted and detected in both domains. This feature offers a great deal of freedom to the device manufacturers to choose the implementation location of the watermark detector and the Copy Mark inserter. + +##### *Logic-1: DVD playback control* + +This logic detects the Primary Mark and Copy Mark directly from the MPEG data. The resulted CCI and Copy Mark will be used with media-type information by the controller of the DVD playback device for playback control, according to the action defined in II.1.1. The box enclosed by the dotted line represents the block diagram of the logic. + +![Block diagram of Logic-1: DVD playback control. A DVD playback device contains a disc icon, a 'Media-type information' input, a 'Watermark detector (1)', a 'Switch', and an 'MPEG stream' output. The 'Watermark detector (1)' receives input from the disc and sends a 'Control signal' to the 'Switch'. The 'Switch' receives input from the disc and outputs the 'MPEG stream'. The 'Media-type information' is also input to the 'Watermark detector (1)'. The 'Watermark detector (1)', 'Switch', and 'Media-type information' are enclosed in a dashed box labeled 'Logic-1'.](1b5a812c8aa20fd5cba28e97001d32de_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph LR + subgraph DVD_playback_device [DVD playback device] + subgraph Logic1 [Logic-1] + WD[Watermark detector (1)] + S[Switch] + MTI[Media-type information] + end + Disc((Disc)) --> WD + Disc --> S + MTI --> WD + WD -- Control signal --> S + S --> MPEG[MPEG stream] + end + +``` + +Block diagram of Logic-1: DVD playback control. A DVD playback device contains a disc icon, a 'Media-type information' input, a 'Watermark detector (1)', a 'Switch', and an 'MPEG stream' output. The 'Watermark detector (1)' receives input from the disc and sends a 'Control signal' to the 'Switch'. The 'Switch' receives input from the disc and outputs the 'MPEG stream'. The 'Media-type information' is also input to the 'Watermark detector (1)'. The 'Watermark detector (1)', 'Switch', and 'Media-type information' are enclosed in a dashed box labeled 'Logic-1'. + +T0908360-99/d02 + +##### *Logic-2: DVD playback, copy and generation copy control* + +In addition to the playback control, this logic performs the record and generational copy control by using Copy Mark insertion function and the same watermark detector of Logic-1. The media type information is also required for playback. In this logic, all functions are performed directly to MPEG video stream; thus, it can be placed into the DVD drive unit if necessary. The box enclosed by the dotted line represents the block diagram of the logic-2. + +![Block diagram of Logic-2 for DVD recordable drives. The diagram shows a DVD recordable drive containing a 'Logic-2' block (dashed line). Inside 'Logic-2', there is a 'Copy mark insertion' block, a 'Switch', and a 'Watermark detector (2)'. An 'MPEG stream' enters from the right, passes through a 'Switch', and then through the 'Watermark detector (2)'. The 'Watermark detector (2)' sends 'Media type information' to the 'Copy mark insertion' block. The 'Copy mark insertion' block outputs to a 'Switch', which then connects to a DVD disc. Another 'MPEG stream' exits from a 'Switch' inside 'Logic-2' to the right. The DVD disc also outputs an 'MPEG stream' to a 'Switch' inside 'Logic-2', which then exits to the right. The entire 'Logic-2' block is labeled 'T0908370-99/d03'.](33ed1f9b27c7c21c797aa928b0f06851_img.jpg) + +Block diagram of Logic-2 for DVD recordable drives. The diagram shows a DVD recordable drive containing a 'Logic-2' block (dashed line). Inside 'Logic-2', there is a 'Copy mark insertion' block, a 'Switch', and a 'Watermark detector (2)'. An 'MPEG stream' enters from the right, passes through a 'Switch', and then through the 'Watermark detector (2)'. The 'Watermark detector (2)' sends 'Media type information' to the 'Copy mark insertion' block. The 'Copy mark insertion' block outputs to a 'Switch', which then connects to a DVD disc. Another 'MPEG stream' exits from a 'Switch' inside 'Logic-2' to the right. The DVD disc also outputs an 'MPEG stream' to a 'Switch' inside 'Logic-2', which then exits to the right. The entire 'Logic-2' block is labeled 'T0908370-99/d03'. + +T0908370-99/d03 + +##### *Logic-3: Copy control and generation copy control on baseband* + +This logic is for record control and generational control on recording devices with baseband video input or DVD-based video recorders. The functionality is as same as the input portion of the Logic-2; the difference is that the target video stream is the uncompressed video data. The following figure shows an example of implementation with DVD playback control. + +![Block diagram of Logic-3 for baseband video control. The diagram shows a system with an 'MPEG encoder', 'Copy mark insertion', 'Switch', 'Watermark detector', 'MPEG decoder', 'D/A converter', and 'NTSC' output. An 'NTSC' input enters from the right, passes through an 'A/D converter', then a 'Switch', then the 'Watermark detector', then 'Copy mark insertion', and finally the 'MPEG encoder'. The 'MPEG encoder' outputs to a DVD disc. The DVD disc outputs to an 'MPEG decoder', then a 'Switch', then a 'D/A converter', and finally an 'NTSC' output. The 'Watermark detector' also receives input from the DVD disc. The entire system is labeled 'T0908380-99/d04'.](75f0cb39f1cd165dfe4a6aa6c4d9388d_img.jpg) + +Block diagram of Logic-3 for baseband video control. The diagram shows a system with an 'MPEG encoder', 'Copy mark insertion', 'Switch', 'Watermark detector', 'MPEG decoder', 'D/A converter', and 'NTSC' output. An 'NTSC' input enters from the right, passes through an 'A/D converter', then a 'Switch', then the 'Watermark detector', then 'Copy mark insertion', and finally the 'MPEG encoder'. The 'MPEG encoder' outputs to a DVD disc. The DVD disc outputs to an 'MPEG decoder', then a 'Switch', then a 'D/A converter', and finally an 'NTSC' output. The 'Watermark detector' also receives input from the DVD disc. The entire system is labeled 'T0908380-99/d04'. + +T0908380-99/d04 + +### II.2 Generation Copy Control + +The Galaxy technology can insert another transparent watermark called Copy Mark without any destruction of Primary Mark in both baseband and MPEG-2 domains and detects it also in both domains. The insertion of Copy Mark at MPEG-2 domain is designed to strictly preserve the packet size of MPEG-2 stream in order to meet the hardware implementation constraint. The presence of the Copy Mark will change the interpretation of CCI (1,0) from "Copy-one-generation" to "No-more-copies" for the purpose of Generation Copy Control as given in Tables II.1 and II.2. + +By using the Copy Mark approach, the system can fully support both of the digital and analogue transmission from the installed base set-top box, without requesting any cooperative action to the devices existing on the transmission paths. + +### II.3 Technical maturity + +The member companies of Galaxy have been independently and jointly developing watermarking technology for digital video since early 1996, aiming for the application of the Copy Protection of DVD content. They had already implemented the detection logic by FPGA (programmable logic array) and embedding algorithm by DSP and demonstrated real-time embedding and detection at the DHSG in 1997 and 1998. High survivability of watermark has been shown and remarking technology for generational copy control has been demonstrated at a DHSG live test in February 1998. Galaxy acknowledged each member's technical expertise and announced the merge of proposals in February 1999. + +The Galaxy watermarking technology is mature enough for an immediate verification test by the CPAC. All functions in the Table II.3 have been tested with the transparency, reliability and survivability of Primary Mark (PM) and Copy Mark (CM), which cover both MPEG and baseband domains. Prototype of real-time embedding system will be available soon for studio trial. However, a detailed product schedule is dependent upon the CPAC's final selection schedule. + +**Table II.3/J.95 – Availability of required function as of March 1999** + +| | | Functional description | Availability | +|---------------------------------|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------| +| WM embedding in baseband video | Studio system | Automated watermark embedding system with full 8-bit information per field
Pseudo real-time embedding with ITU-R-656 I/O | Yes | +| PM detection in MPEG domain | Logic-1, 2 | Direct detection from MPEG stream in real time | Yes | +| PM detection in baseband domain | Logic-3 | Detection after A/D conversion | Yes | +| CM insertion in MPEG domain | Logic-2 | CM insertion directly into MPEG stream with preserving MPEG packet size | Yes | +| CM insertion in baseband domain | Logic-3 | CM insertion to the video after A/D conversion | Yes | +| CM detection in MPEG domain | Logic-1, 2 | Direct detection from MPEG stream in real time | Yes | +| CM detection in baseband domain | Logic-3 | Detection after A/D conversion | Yes | + +### II.4 Gate Count analysis + +The estimated gate sizes of Logic-1, Logic-2 and Logic-3 in II.2 are listed in Table II.4. + +**Table II.4/J.95 – Function and gate count summary of Galaxy watermarking detection chips** + +| Logic type | Purpose | Functional description | Gate counts | Target devices | +|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | Playback control | Primary Mark and Copy Mark watermark detection from MPEG stream | 30 k gates
5 kbyte RAM | DVD playback device | +| 2 | Playback control
Record control
Generation
Copy Control | Primary Mark and Copy Mark watermark detection and Copy Mark insertion in MPEG stream | 35 k gates
5 kbyte RAM | DVD recordable drive | +| 3 | Playback control
Record control
Generation
Copy Control | Primary Mark and Copy Mark watermark detection and Copy Mark insertion in baseband domain after A/D conversion | 30 k gates
42 kbyte RAM | DVD recordable devices with analogue video input | + +The estimated gate size can vary depending on the architecture and the resource availability in the semiconductor systems of the recording and/or playback device. The gate size of Logic-3 does not include an analogue-to-digital conversion prior to the detection process. + +These gate sizes do not necessarily represent the future product specification, and are subject to change because the detail of function specification may change according to new CPAC requirements. + +### II.5 Robustness tests + +The survivability test was conducted under the conditions: + +- Data Payload: 8 bits (arbitrary 256 states can be represented). +- False Positive Error Ratio less than $10^{-12}$ in 10-second detection period. + +These conditions must be specified before any comparison of different technologies because there is a tradeoff relation among transparency, data payload, false positive error ratio and the survivability of the watermark. + +Eight bits of data were detected from the test video clips by Galaxy's adaptive detection period algorithm with a maximum of 20 seconds detection window in both MPEG-2 and baseband domains. The 20 sample clips provided by DHS G in 1997 were used and the successive processes of studio video processing → MPEG-2 compression → VHS recording → MPEG-2 recompression were applied in order to simulate the expected degradation in real world. The studio video processing and parameters of each process are listed in Table II.5. Eight bits were detected correctly typically in 1 second or less after the first MPEG-2 compression and within 10 seconds in most of cases even after MPEG-2 recompression. + +**Table II.5/J.95 – List of Survivability test items** + +| Studio video processing (DVNR-1000) | Note | +|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| Brick Wall filter | | +| Aperture enhancement | | +| Noise reduction | | +| 98% speed reduction | Drop one frame in each 50 frames | +| Watermark blending 50% | (reference test) | +| Letterbox conversion | | +| Offset letterbox conversion | | +| Random spatial shifting | More than 10 shifts per 20 s | +| Hue shifting | 30-degree hue shifting | + +| | | +|--------------------|------------------------------------------------| +| MPEG compression | 4 Mbit/s-10 Mbit/s, different GOP, field/frame | +| VHS recording | 3 DNR, TBC on/off, etc. | +| MPEG recompression | CBR real-time encoder, change of GOP interval | + +In addition to the simulation test, the following three, real-environment survivability tests were performed: + +- 1) MPEG compression → Satellite transmission → Analogue cable transmission → VHS recording. +- 2) MPEG compression → Satellite transmission → DirecTV transmission → VHS recording. +- 3) HD format embedding → Down conversion to SD → Analogue conversion → MPEG compression + +### II.6 False Positive analysis + +False positive error occurs when the detector misinterprets a non-marked video segment to be a marked one. The false positive error ratio must be extremely low, e.g. $10^{-12}$ , since it prevents the device from copying a legitimate copy. The Galaxy technology can control the expected false positive error ratio by a predetermined watermark detection threshold. + +*Brief description of algorithm* + +Galaxy's proposed algorithm detects 8 bits of CCI in each field from MPEG-2 stream or baseband video in the following way. First, the detected watermark strength of each bit is calculated by summing up outputs observed from sub-blocks assigned in the field. Then all the bits are interpreted when the strength of every bit exceed a predetermined threshold value. Here, let $\epsilon_B$ be a probability that the detection strength of a single bit would exceed the threshold. Given that the detection values from all 8 bits are independent from each other, the probability of all 8 bits to exceed the threshold in an unmarked frame is represented as follows: + +$$\epsilon = \epsilon_B^8$$ + +According to the Central Limit Theorem, the distribution of the signal strength observed in the unmarked frames (i.e. noise strength) can be treated as a normal distribution and its variance can be calculated based on each variance of the outputs. This is because the strength is a linear summation of large number of the random outputs. Therefore, the probability that the normalized noise strength $R$ would exceed the threshold value $T$ can be estimated by using a normal probability density function as follows: + +$$\epsilon_B = P(|R| > T) = 2 \int_T^{\infty} \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} e^{-\frac{t^2}{2}} dt$$ + +where "P(x)" indicates a probability of an event "x". + +If the normalized signal strength is weaker than the threshold, the signal will be continuously accumulated with the following frames (fields). The signal accumulation will continue on until the accumulated signal strength reaches the threshold (watermark detected), or the accumulation time exceeds the maximum cut-off time (watermark not detected), whichever comes first (Frame Accumulation Detection). Furthermore, because the algorithm chooses appropriate signals so that they are independent from each other, the variance of the accumulated signal can be calculated as a function of the square root of the number of accumulations $f$ , and thus the behaviour of the accumulated signal: + +$$S_f = \sum_1^f R_i$$ + +can be estimated by using a normal probability density function as follows: + +$$\epsilon_B = P\left(\left|\frac{S_f}{\sqrt{f}}\right| > T\right) = 2 \int_T^\infty \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} e^{-\frac{t^2}{2}} dt$$ + +Since the algorithm performs independent detection test at the same time of the accumulation, the total false positive error ratio for each bit can be expressed as follows: + +$$\epsilon' = 1 - (1 - \epsilon)^f$$ + +where $\epsilon$ is the false positive error ratio for a single test and $f$ is the number of accumulations. Table II.6 shows some threshold values $T$ and the corresponding false positive errors ratio $\epsilon'$ , where the maximum of accumulations is set to 40. + +**Table II.6/J.95 – List of false positive ratio vs. threshold** + +| Target ratio ( $\epsilon'$ ) of false positive errors | Threshold ( $T$ ) for 8-bit detection | +|-------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------| +| $10^{-8}$ | 1.85878 | +| $10^{-9}$ | 1.98372 | +| $10^{-10}$ | 2.10306 | +| $10^{-11}$ | 2.21752 | +| $10^{-12}$ | 2.32729 | +| $10^{-13}$ | 2.44118 | + +### II.7 Embedding technology and system + +In the Galaxy technology, the embedding is a two-path process: + +- 1) image content analysis; +- 2) luminance modification process. + +This two-path process allows automated control of embedding strength to satisfy required transparency, robustness and false positive error ratio. Eight bits of CCI data are embedded as Primary Mark into each field of uncompressed digital video. + +The studio embedding system is a PC-based DSP system that is able to run in real time with frames of delay. Its input and output is ITU-R-656 digital video interface. The system is planned to have a real-time monitor to confirm the signal strength of embedded clips and offer easy-to-operate user interface for adjustable embedding parameters. The system also offers security functions such as access control to unauthorized operators and prevention of accidental and intentional re-embedding. + +### **II.8 Abbréviations** + +| | | +|---------|-----------------------------------------| +| A/D | Analogue to Digital | +| APS | Analogue Protection system | +| CCI | Copy control Information | +| CFP | Call for Proposal | +| CM | Copy Mark | +| CPAC | Copy Protection Advisory Committee | +| CSS | Contents Scramble System | +| D/A | Digital to Analogue | +| DHSG | Data-Hiding Sub-Group | +| DSP | Digital Signal Processor | +| DVD ROM | Digital Versatile Disc Read-Only Memory | +| DVNR | Digital Video Noise Reduction | +| FPGA | Field Programmable Gate Array | +| ICPAC | Interim CPAC | +| MPEG-2 | Moving Pictures Expert Group 2 | +| PM | Primary Mark | +| WM | Water Mark | + +### **II.9 Contact Information** + +#### *Contact in Japan* + +IBM Corporation +Tokyo Research Laboratory +1623-14, Shimotsuruma, Yamato-shi +Kanagawa-ken, 242-8502 +Japan + +NEC Corporation +1-10, Nisshincho, Fuchu-shi +Tokyo, 183-8501 +Japan + +Hitachi Ltd. +292, Yoshidacho, Totsuka-ku +Yokohama-shi +Kanagawa-ken, 244-0817 +Japan + +Pioneer Electronic Corporation +1-1, Fujimi 6 chome, Tsurugashima-shi +Saitama-ken, 350-2288 +Japan + +Sony Corporation +6-7-35, Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku +Tokyo, 141-0001 +Japan + +*Contact in the United States* + +Director of Licensing Development +IBM Corporation +500 Columbus Avenue +Thornwood, NY 10594 +United States of America + +NEC Research Institute Inc. +4 Independence Way +Princeton, NJ +United States of America + +## Appendix III + +### The 5C proposal for the copy protection of MPEG video intellectual property + +#### Intellectual property + +Implementation of this specification requires a license from the Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator. + +#### Contact information + +Feedback on this specification should be addressed to [spec-comments@dtcp.com](mailto:spec-comments@dtcp.com) . + +The Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator can be contacted at [dtla@intel.com](mailto:dtla@intel.com) . + +The URL for the Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator web site is: . + +NOTE – The source documents for the material found in this appendix can be acquired from the copyright holders only through execution of a non-disclosure agreement (NDA). Contact the Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator for the proper sources of this information. + +### III.1 Introduction + +#### III.1.1 Purpose and scope + +The *5C Digital Transmission Content Protection Specification* defines a cryptographic protocol for protecting audio/video entertainment content from unauthorized copying, intercepting, and tampering as it traverses digital transmission mechanisms such as a high-performance serial bus that conforms to the IEEE 1394-1995 standard. Only legitimate entertainment content delivered to a source device via another approved copy protection system (such as the DVD Content Scrambling System) will be protected by this copy protection system. + +The use of this specification and access to the intellectual property and cryptographic materials required to implement it will be the subject of a license. The Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator (DTLA) is responsible for establishing and administering the content protection system described in this specification. + +While DTCP has been designed for use by devices attached to serial buses as defined by the IEEE 1394-1995 standard, the developers anticipate that it will be appropriate for use with future extensions to this standard, other transmission systems, and other types of content as authorized by the DTLA. + +#### III.1.2 Overview + +This specification addresses four layers of copy protection: + +##### - **Copy control information (CCI)** + +Content owners need a way to specify how their content can be used ("Copy-one-generation," "Copy-never," etc.). This content protection system is capable of securely communicating copy control information (CCI) between devices in two ways: + +- The encryption mode indicator (EMI) provides easily accessible yet secure transmission of CCI via the most significant two bits of the **sy** field of the isochronous packet header. +- CCI is embedded in the content stream (e.g. MPEG). This form of CCI is processed only by devices which recognize the specific content format. + +##### - **Device authentication and key exchange (AKE)** + +Before sharing valuable information, a connected device must first verify that another connected device is authentic. To balance the protection requirements of the content industries with the real-world requirements of PC and consumer electronics (CE) device users, this specification includes two authentication levels, Full and Restricted: + +- Full Authentication can be used with all content protected by the system. +- Restricted Authentication enables the protection of "Copy-one-generation" and "No-more-copies" content only. Copying devices such as digital VCRs employ this kind of authentication. + +##### - **Content encryption** + +Devices include a channel cipher subsystem that encrypts and decrypts copyrighted content. To ensure interoperability, all devices must support the specific cipher specified as the baseline cipher. The subsystem can also support additional ciphers, whose use is negotiated during authentication. + +##### - **System renewability [MP1]** + +Devices that support Full Authentication can receive and process system renewability messages (SRMs) created by the DTLA and distributed with content and new devices. System renewability ensures long-term integrity of the system through the revocation of compromised devices. + +Figure III.1 gives an overview of content protection. In this overview, the source device has been instructed to transmit a copy protection stream of content. In this and subsequent diagrams, a source device is one that can send a stream of content. A sink device is one that can receive a stream of content. Multifunction devices such as PCs and record/playback devices such as digital VCRs can be both source and sink devices. + +- 1) The source device initiates the transmission of a stream of encrypted content marked with the appropriate copy protection status (e.g. "Copy-one-generation," "Copy-never," or "No-more-copies") via the EMI bits.1 +- 2) Upon receiving the content stream, the sink device inspects the EMI bits to determine the copy protection status of the content. If the content is marked "Copy-never," the sink device requests that the source device initiate Full AKE. If the content is marked "Copy-one-generation" or "No-more-copies" the sink device will request Full AKE, if supported, or Restricted AKE. If the sink device has already performed the appropriate authentication, it can immediately proceed to Step 4. + +--- + +1 If content requested by a sink device is protected, the source device may choose to transmit an empty content stream until at least one device has completed the appropriate authentication procedure required to access the content stream. + +- 3) When the source device receives the authentication request, it proceeds with the type of authentication requested by the sink device, unless Full AKE is requested but the source device can only support Restricted AKE, in which case Restricted AKE is performed. +- 4) Once the devices have completed the required AKE procedure, a content channel encryption key can be exchanged between them. This key is used to encrypt the content at the source device and decrypt the content at the sink. + +![Sequence diagram illustrating Content Protection overview between a Source Device and a Sink Device. The diagram shows four steps: 1. Encrypted content stream with EMI set (Source to Sink), 2. Request Authentication (Sink to Source), 3. Device AKE (Source to Sink), 4. Encrypted Content Stream (Source to Sink). External inputs/outputs include 'Request for Content' and 'Clear Text Content' at the Source, and 'Clear Text Content' at the Sink. Reference T0908390-99/d05 is shown at the bottom right.](365b54f616aff249b4e6c0edafdcb9b3_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant SD as Source Device + participant SID as Sink Device + Note left of SD: Request for Content + Note left of SD: Clear Text Content + SD->>SID: 1 Encrypted content stream with EMI set + SID->>SD: 2 Request Authentication + SD->>SID: 3 Device AKE + Note left of SD: Clear Text Content + SD->>SID: 4 Encrypted Content Stream + Note right of SID: Clear Text Content + Note right of SID: T0908390-99/d05 + +``` + +Sequence diagram illustrating Content Protection overview between a Source Device and a Sink Device. The diagram shows four steps: 1. Encrypted content stream with EMI set (Source to Sink), 2. Request Authentication (Sink to Source), 3. Device AKE (Source to Sink), 4. Encrypted Content Stream (Source to Sink). External inputs/outputs include 'Request for Content' and 'Clear Text Content' at the Source, and 'Clear Text Content' at the Sink. Reference T0908390-99/d05 is shown at the bottom right. + +**Figure III.1/J.95 – Content Protection overview** + +#### III.1.3 References + +This specification shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. When the publications are superceded by an approved revision, the revision shall apply. + +- Digital Transmission Protection License Agreement, *Development and Evaluation License*, Digital Transmission Licensing Authority. +- 1394 Trade Association, *Specification for AV/C Digital Interface Command Set*. +- Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator, *5C Digital Transmission Content Protection Specification*, Volume 1, Version 0.91. +- Digital Transmission Licensing Administrator, *5C Digital Transmission Content Protection Specification*, Volume 2, Version 0.90. +- Digital Transmission Protection License Agreement, *Development and Evaluation License*, Digital Transmission Licensing Authority. +- IEEE Std 1394-1995, *IEEE's Standard for a High Performance Serial Bus*. +- IEEE P1363, *Editorial Contribution to Standard for Public Key Cryptography*, Preliminary Draft, P1363/D3 (May 11, 1998). + +- IEC 61883-1 (1998), *Consumer Audio/Video Equipment – Digital Interface – Part 1: General*. +- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), *Secure Hash Standard (SHS)*, FIPS Publication 180-1, 17 April, 1995. +- Toshiba Corporation, *Efficient Implementation of an Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem*, available from + +#### III.1.4 Organization of this appendix + +This appendix is organized as follows: + +- Subclause III.1 provides an overview of content protection. +- Subclause III.2 lists terms and abbreviations used throughout this appendix. +- Subclause III.3 describes the operation of the overall Digital Transmission Content Protection System as a state machine. +- Subclause III.4 addresses the particulars of the Full Authentication level of device authentication and key exchange. +- Subclause III.5 addresses the particulars of the Restricted Authentication level of device authentication and key exchange. +- Subclause III.6 describes the details of content channel establishment after Full or Restricted Authentication takes place. +- Subclause III.7 describes the System Renewability capabilities. +- Subclause III.8 covers AV/C command extensions. + +#### III.1.5 State machine notation + +State machines are employed throughout this apendix to show various states of operation. These state machines use the style shown in Figure III.2. + +![Figure III.2/J.95 – State Machine example. A diagram showing two states, S0 and S1, and their transitions. S0 is labeled 'State 0' and 'actions started on entry to S0'. S1 is labeled 'State 1' and 'actions started on entry to S1'. A transition from S0 to S1 is shown with a right-pointing arrow, labeled 'condition for transition from S0 to S1' and 'action taken on this transition'. A transition from S1 to S0 is shown with a left-pointing arrow, labeled 'condition for transition from S1 to S0' and 'action taken on this transition'. The diagram is signed 'T0908400-99/d06'.](171115f072e42b379238ed0dd438e9d7_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + state "S0: State 0\nactions started on entry to S0" as S0 + state "S1: State 1\nactions started on entry to S1" as S1 + S0 --> S1 : condition for transition from S0 to S1 / action taken on this transition + S1 --> S0 : condition for transition from S1 to S0 / action taken on this transition + +``` + +Figure III.2/J.95 – State Machine example. A diagram showing two states, S0 and S1, and their transitions. S0 is labeled 'State 0' and 'actions started on entry to S0'. S1 is labeled 'State 1' and 'actions started on entry to S1'. A transition from S0 to S1 is shown with a right-pointing arrow, labeled 'condition for transition from S0 to S1' and 'action taken on this transition'. A transition from S1 to S0 is shown with a left-pointing arrow, labeled 'condition for transition from S1 to S0' and 'action taken on this transition'. The diagram is signed 'T0908400-99/d06'. + +**Figure III.2/J.95 – State Machine example** + +State machines make three assumptions: + +- 1) Time elapses only within discrete states. +- 2) State transitions are instantaneous, so the only actions taken during a transition are setting flags and variables and sending signals. +- 3) Every time a state is entered, the actions of that state are started. A transaction that points back to the same state will restart the actions from the beginning. + +#### III.1.6 Notation + +The following notation will be used: + +$[X]_{msb\_z}$ = The most significant $z$ bits of $X$ . + +$[X]_{lsb\_z}$ = The least significant $z$ bits of $X$ . + +$S_{X^{-1}}[M]$ = Sign $M$ using EC-DSA with private key $X^{-1}$ (Details of signature algorithm are in III.A.4). + +$V_{X^1}[M]$ = Verify signature of $M$ using EC-DSA with public key $X^1$ (Details of the verification algorithm are in III.4). + +$X || Y$ = Ordered Concatenation of $X$ with $Y$ . + +$X \oplus Y$ = Bit-wise Exclusive-OR (XOR) of two strings $X$ and $Y$ . + +#### III.1.7 Numerical values + +Three different representations of number are used in this specification. Decimal numbers are represented without any special notation. Binary number are represented as a string of binary (0, 1) digits followed by a subscript 2 (e.g. $1010_2$ ). Hexadecimal numbers are represented as a string of hexadecimal (0..9, A..F) digits followed by a subscript 16 (e.g. $3C2_{16}$ ). + +#### III.1.8 Bit ordering + +![Diagram showing bit ordering from MSB (31) to LSB (0).](303fadfb9def251d1575d6221199b158_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the bit ordering for a 32-bit word. At the top, the text "Transmitted First" is present. Below it, a horizontal row of 32 boxes represents the bits, numbered from 31 down to 0 from left to right. The leftmost box (bit 31) is labeled "MSB" (Most Significant Bit) at the bottom left. The rightmost box (bit 0) is labeled "LSB" (Least Significant Bit) at the bottom right. To the right of the diagram, the text "T0909260-00/d07" is displayed. + +Diagram showing bit ordering from MSB (31) to LSB (0). + +**Figure III.3/J.95 – Bit ordering** + +#### III.1.9 Packet Format + +![Diagram showing packet format with multiple words (Word 1 to Word N) and bit ordering.](f7d969388c4f7e30cd04a061314bfa0e_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the packet format for a 32-bit word. At the top, the text "Transmitted First" is present. Below it, a horizontal row of 32 boxes represents the bits, numbered from 31 down to 0 from left to right. The first row of boxes is labeled "Word 1" in the center. Below this row, there is a vertical ellipsis (three dots) in the center, followed by another row of boxes labeled "Word N" in the center. The rightmost box (bit 0) is labeled "Transmitted Last" at the bottom right. To the right of the diagram, the text "T0909270-00/d08" is displayed. + +Diagram showing packet format with multiple words (Word 1 to Word N) and bit ordering. + +**Figure III.4/J.95 – Packet format** + +#### III.1.10 Treatment of optional portions of this Specification + +Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. + +### III.2 Terms and abbreviations + +For further study + +### III.3 The 5C Digital Transmission Content Protection System + +#### III.3.1 Content Source Device + +Figure III.5 shows the various states of operation for a device that is a source of content. + +![State machine diagram for Content Source Device showing states A0, A1, A2, A3, and A5 with transitions for authentication and key exchange.](e821c3d8a87ee2a9ff6b8644ffe6bdae_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> A5: Power Up, Attach/Detach to/from Bus + state "A5: Initialize Device" as A5 + state "A0: Unauthenticated" as A0 + state "A1: Full Authentication" as A1 + state "A2: Restricted Authentication" as A2 + state "A3: Authenticated" as A3 + state "A4: Send Content Channel Key" as A4 + + A5 --> A0: Initialize() + A0 --> A1: Full Authentication Requested + A1 --> A0: Failure + A1 --> A3: Success, Full_Auth_Successful(Sink_Device) = True + A0 --> A2: Restricted Authentication Requested + A2 --> A0: Failure + A2 --> A3: Success, Restricted_Auth_Successful(Sink_Device) = True + A3 --> A4: Receive Request for Content Channel Key + A4 --> A0: Deauthenticate Device, Full_Auth_Successful(Sink_Device) = False, Restricted_Auth_Successful(Sink_Device) = False + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the state transitions for a Content Source Device. It starts at state A5 (Initialize Device) upon Power Up or Attach/Detach to/from Bus. From A5, the Initialize() function leads to state A0 (Unauthenticated). In A0, a Full Authentication Requested or Restricted Authentication Requested leads to states A1 and A2 respectively. Both A1 and A2 have Success and Failure transitions back to A0. Success in A1 leads to state A3 (Authenticated) if Full\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device) = True. Success in A2 leads to state A3 if Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device) = True. From A3, a Receive Request for Content Channel Key leads to state A4 (Send Content Channel Key). From A4, a Deauthenticate Device event, triggered when Full\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device) = False or Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device) = False, leads back to state A0. + +State machine diagram for Content Source Device showing states A0, A1, A2, A3, and A5 with transitions for authentication and key exchange. + +Figure III.5/J.95 – Content Source Device State Machine + +A Power up or Attach/Detach to/from the bus event resets this state machine into **State A5: Initialize Device**. + +**State A5: Initialize Device.** In this state, the device is initialized. + +**Transition A5:A0.** This transition to **State A0: Unauthenticated** occurs following the completion of the initialization process. + +**State A0: Unauthenticated.** A device is in an unauthenticated state, waiting to receive a request to perform the Full or Restricted Authentication procedure. + +**Transition A0:A1.** This transition occurs when the device receives a request to perform the Full Authentication procedure with a sink device (*Sink\_Device*). + +**State A1: Full Authentication.** In this state, the process *FullAuth(Sink\_Device)* is performed. This process is described in detail in III.4. + +**Transition A1:A3.** This transition occurs when *FullAuth(Sink\_Device)* has been successfully completed. + +Set *Full\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device)* = True + +**Transition A1:A0.** This transition occurs when *FullAuth(Sink\_Device)* is unsuccessful. + +**Transition A0:A2.** This transition occurs when the device receives a request to perform the Restricted Authentication procedure with a sink device (*Sink\_Device*). + +**State A2: Restricted Authentication.** In this state, the device executes the process *ResAuth(Sink\_Device)*. This procedure is described in detail in III.5. + +**Transition A2:A3.** This transition occurs when *ResAuth(Sink\_Device)* has been successfully completed. + +Set Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device) = True + +**Transition A2:A0.** This transition occurs when *ResAuth(Sink\_Device)* is unsuccessful. + +**State A3: Authenticated.** When a device is in this state, it has successfully completed either the Full or Restricted Authentication procedure. + +**Transition A3:A4.** An authenticated device is requested to send the values necessary to construct a Content Key to a sink device. + +**State A4: Send Content Channel Key.** In this state, the source device sends values necessary to create a content key to an authenticated sink device by executing *SendContentChannelKey(Sink\_Device)*. This process is described in III.6. + +**Transition A4:A3.** This transition occurs on completion of the process *SendContentChannelKey(Sink\_Device)*. + +**Transition A3:A0.** + +Set Full\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device) = False + +Set Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Sink\_Device) = False + +#### III.3.2 Content Sink Device + +Figure III.6 shows the various states of operation of a device that is a sink for content. + +![State machine diagram for Content Sink Device showing states A0 (Unauthenticated), A1 (Full Authentication), A2 (Restricted Authentication), A3 (Authenticated), and A4 (Request Content Channel Key). Transitions include Power Up, Full/Restricted Authentication Initiated, Success/Failure, Request Content Channel Key, and Deauthenticate Device.](bdcc4eb452fcc6ba091949b77546a6d4_img.jpg) + +``` + +stateDiagram-v2 + [*] --> A5: Power Up, Attach/Detach to/from Bus + A5 --> A0: Initialize() + A0 --> A1: Full Authentication Initiated + A0 --> A2: Restricted Authentication Initiated + A1 --> A0: Failure + A1 --> A3: Success, Full_Auth_Successful(Source_Device) = True + A2 --> A0: Failure + A2 --> A3: Success, Restricted_Auth_Successful(Source_Device) = True + A3 --> A4: Request Content Channel Key + A4 --> A3: Request Content Channel Key + A3 --> A0: Deauthenticate Device, Full_Auth_Successful(Source_Device) = False, Restricted_Auth_Successful(Source_Device) = False + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the state transitions for a Content Sink Device. It starts with Power Up or Attach/Detach to/from Bus leading to state A5 (Initialize Device) via *Initialize()*. From A5, it moves to A0 (Unauthenticated). From A0, it can transition to state A1 (Full Authentication) via *FullAuth(Source\_Device)* or state A2 (Restricted Authentication) via *ResAuth(Source\_Device)*. Transitions from A1 and A2 back to A0 occur on Failure. Transitions from A1 and A2 to A3 (Authenticated) occur on Success, setting *Full\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* or *Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* to True. From A3, the device can transition to A4 (Request Content Channel Key) via *RequestContentChannelKey(Source\_Device)*. From A4, it can return to A3 on Request Content Channel Key. A transition from A3 back to A0 occurs on Deauthenticate Device, which sets both *Full\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* and *Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* to False. + +State machine diagram for Content Sink Device showing states A0 (Unauthenticated), A1 (Full Authentication), A2 (Restricted Authentication), A3 (Authenticated), and A4 (Request Content Channel Key). Transitions include Power Up, Full/Restricted Authentication Initiated, Success/Failure, Request Content Channel Key, and Deauthenticate Device. + +Figure III.6/J.95 – Content Sink Device State Machine + +A Power up or Attach/Detach to/from the bus event resets this state machine into **State A5: Initialize Device**. + +**State A5: Initialize Device.** In this state, the device is initialized. + +**Transition A5:A0.** This transition to **State A0: Unauthenticated** occurs following the completion of the initialization process. + +**State A0: Unauthenticated.** A device is in an unauthenticated state, waiting to initiate a request to perform the Full or Restricted Authentication procedure. + +**Transition A0:A1.** This transition occurs when the device initiates a request to perform the Full Authentication procedure with another device (*Source\_Device*). + +**State A1: Full Authentication.** In this state, the process *FullAuth(Source\_Device)* is performed. This process is described in detail in III.4. + +**Transition A1:A3.** This transition occurs when *FullAuth(Source\_Device)* has been successfully completed. + +Set *Full\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* = True + +**Transition A1:A0.** This transition occurs when *FullAuth(Source\_Device)* is unsuccessful. + +**Transition A0:A2.** This transition occurs when the device initiates a request to perform the Restricted Authentication procedure with another device (*Source\_Device*). + +**State A2: Restricted Authentication.** In this state, the device executes the process *ResAuth (Source\_Device)*. This procedure is described in detail in III.5. + +**Transition A2:A3.** This transition occurs when *ResAuth(Source\_Device)* has been successfully completed. + +Set *Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* = True + +**Transition A2:A0.** This transition occurs when *ResAuth(Source\_Device)* is unsuccessful. + +**State A3: Authenticated.** When a device is in this state, it has successfully completed either the Full or Restricted Authentication procedure. + +**Transition A3:A4.** An authenticated device need to request a Content Key to gain access to copy protected content. + +**State A4: Request Content Channel Key.** In this state, an authenticated sink device requests the values necessary to create a Content Key by executing the process *RequestContentChannelKey(Source\_Device)*. This process is described in III.6. + +**Transition A4:A3.** This transition occurs on completion of the process *RequestContentChannelKey(Source\_Device)*. + +**Transition A3:A0.** + +Set *Full\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* = False + +Set *Restricted\_Auth\_Successful(Source\_Device)* = False + +### III.4 Full Authentication + +#### III.4.1 Introduction + +This subclause addresses the particulars of the Full Authentication level of device authentication and key exchange. Full Authentication employs the public key based Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (EC-DSA) for signing and verification. It also employs the Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (EC-DH) key exchange algorithm to generate a shared authentication key. + +#### III.4.2 Notation + +The notation introduced in this subclause is used to describe the cryptographic processes. All operations in the elliptic curve domain are calculated on an elliptic curve *E* defined over *GF(p)*. + +##### III.4.2.1 Defined by the DTLA + +The following parameters, keys, constants and certificates are generated by the DTLA. + +###### III.4.2.1.1 General + +- $p$ = A prime number greater than 3. +- $GF(p)$ = The finite field of $p$ elements, represented as the integers modulo $p$ . +- $E$ = The elliptic curve over the field $GF(p)$ . +- $a, b$ = The coefficients defining the elliptic curve $E$ , elements of $GF(p)$ . +- $G$ = The basepoint for the elliptic curve. +- $r$ = The order of $G$ . +- $L^{-1}, L^1$ = DTLA EC-DSA key pair consists of an EC private key $L^{-1}$ which is an integer in the range $[1, r - 1]$ and an EC public key $L^1$ which is a point on $E$ , where $L^1 = L^{-1}G$ . + +These constants, with the exception of $L^{-1}$ , are available in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. + +###### III.4.2.1.2 For Device X + +- $X^{-1}, X^1$ = Device EC-DSA key pair consists of an EC private key $X^{-1}$ which is an integer in the range $[1, r - 1]$ and an EC public key $X^1$ which is a point on $E$ , where $X^1 = X^{-1}G$ . +- $X_{Cert}$ = A device certificate given to compliant device $X$ by the DTLA and used during the authentication process (See the next subclause for details). + +Elliptic curve points consist of the concatenation x-coordinate and y-coordinate, respectively; for an elliptic curve point $P = (x_P, y_P)$ which is not equal to the elliptic curve point at infinity, $P = x_P \parallel y_P$ . + +**Table III.1/J.95 – Length of keys and elliptic curve parameters generated by DTLA (Full Authentication)** + +| Key and Elliptic curve parameters | Size (bits) | +|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| DTLA Public Key ( $L^1$ ) | 320 | +| Device Private Key ( $X^{-1}$ ) | 160 | +| Device Public Key ( $X^1$ ) | 320 | +| Basepoint ( $G$ ) | 320 | +| Coefficient of elliptic curve polynomial ( $a, b$ ) | 160 (each) | +| Prime number ( $p$ ) of finite field $GF(p)$ | 160 | +| Order of Basepoint ( $r$ ) | 160 | + +##### III.4.2.2 Notation used during Full Authentication + +The following additional values are generated and used by the devices during Full Authentication: + +- $X_n$ = Nonce (random challenge generated by $RNG_F$ ). +- $X_k$ = Random value used in EC-DH key exchange generated by $RNG_F$ in the device (integer in the range $[1, r - 1]$ ). +- $X_V$ = EC-DH first phase value ( $X_kG$ ) calculated in the device (point on the elliptic curve $E$ ). + +- $X_{SRMV}$ = Version number of the system renewability message (SRMV) stored by the device (see III.7). +- $X_{SRMC}$ = Indicates the number of SRM part(s) which are currently stored in the non-volatile memory of the device. A value of SRMC indicates that the first SRMC+1 generations of SRMs are currently stored by the device (see III.7). +- $K_{Auth}$ = Authentication key which is the least significant 96 bits of shared data created through EC-DH key exchange. + +**Table III.2/J.95 – Length of keys and variables generated by the device (Full Authentication)** + +| Key or variable | Size (bits) | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Nonce (random challenge $X_n$ ) | 128 | +| Random Value for EC-DH ( $X_k$ ) | 160 | +| EC-DH first phase value ( $X_v$ ) | 320 | +| $X_{SRMV}$ | 16 | +| $X_{SRMC}$ | 4 | +| Authentication key created through EC-DH key exchange ( $K_{Auth}$ ) | 96 | + +##### III.4.2.3 Device Certificate Formats + +A device certificate is given to each compliant device by the DTLA. This certificate is stored in the compliant device and used during the authentication process. + +###### III.4.2.3.1 Baseline Format + +Figure III.7 shows the baseline device certificate format: + +![Diagram of the Baseline Device Certificate Format showing a 32-bit word structure with fields: Certificate Type (4 bits), Format (4 bits), Dev. Gen. (4 bits), Reserved (Zero) (16 bits), and Device ID (40 bits).](24c9e038a791677ed33100667b64f7e6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the bit layout of the baseline device certificate format. It consists of a 32-bit word structure, with bits numbered from 31 down to 0. The fields are defined as follows: + +- Certificate Type**: Bits 31-28 (4 bits) +- Format**: Bits 27-24 (4 bits) +- Dev. Gen.**: Bits 23-20 (4 bits) +- Reserved (Zero)**: Bits 19-12 (8 bits) +- Device ID**: Bits 11-0 (12 bits) + +The Device ID field is further expanded in the diagram to show its full 40-bit length, spanning across multiple 32-bit words. The Device EC-DSA Public Key (320 bits) and the DTLA EC-DSA signature of all preceding fields (320 bits; c value followed by d value) are also shown as multi-word structures. + +Diagram of the Baseline Device Certificate Format showing a 32-bit word structure with fields: Certificate Type (4 bits), Format (4 bits), Dev. Gen. (4 bits), Reserved (Zero) (16 bits), and Device ID (40 bits). + +T0909280-00/d11 + +**Figure III.7/J.95 – Baseline Device Certificate Format** + +Device certificates are comprised of the following Baseline Format fields: + +- Certificate Type** (4 bits). The only encoding which is currently defined is 0, which indicates that the certificate is for IEEE 1394 content protection. Other encoding are currently reserved. +- Certificate Format** (4 bits). This field specifies the format for a specific type of certificate. Currently three formats are defined: + - Format 0 = the Restricted Authentication device certificate format (described in III.5). + - Format 1 = the Baseline Full Authentication device certificate format. + - Format 2 = the Extended Full Authentication device certificate format (Optional2). + +2 Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. + +Other encodings are currently reserved. + +- **Device Generation** ( $X_{SRMG}$ ) (4 bits). This field indicates the non-volatile memory capacity and therefore the maximum generation of renewability message that this device supports (described in III.7). The encoding 0 indicates a maximum size of 128 bytes while the other encodings are currently reserved. +- Reserved Field (12 bits). These bits are reserved for future definition and are currently defined to have a value of zero. +- The **device's ID** number ( $X_{ID}$ , 40 bits) assigned by the DTLA. +- The **EC-DSA public key** of the device ( $X^1$ , 320 bits). +- An **EC-DSA signature** from the DTLA of the components listed above (320 bits). + +The overall size of a Baseline Format device certificate is 88 bytes. + +###### III.4.2.3.2 Extended Format Fields (Optional Components of the Device Certificate) + +In addition to the Baseline Format fields, each device certificate may optionally include the following Extended Format fields3: + +- A **device capability mask** indicating the properties of the device and channel ciphers supported. ( $X_{Cap\_Mask}$ , 32 bits) +- A **EC-DSA signature** from the DTLA of all preceding components in the device certificate (320 bits). + +![Diagram of Extended Device Certificate Fields showing a 32-bit word structure. Bits 31-0 are shown. The first 16 bits (31-16) are 'Full Authentication Device Certificate Fields'. The next 16 bits (15-0) are split into 'Device Capability Mask' (bits 15-8) and 'DTLA EC-DSA signature of all preceding fields (320 bits; c value followed by d value)' (bits 7-0). A dashed line separates the top two sections from the bottom section. T0909290-00/d12](98e54d5540b2efe3e24af3cf936bc4ea_img.jpg) + +Diagram of Extended Device Certificate Fields showing a 32-bit word structure. Bits 31-0 are shown. The first 16 bits (31-16) are 'Full Authentication Device Certificate Fields'. The next 16 bits (15-0) are split into 'Device Capability Mask' (bits 15-8) and 'DTLA EC-DSA signature of all preceding fields (320 bits; c value followed by d value)' (bits 7-0). A dashed line separates the top two sections from the bottom section. T0909290-00/d12 + +Figure III.8/J.95 – Extended Device Certificate Fields + +###### Device Capability Mask + +![Diagram of Device Capability Mask showing a 32-bit word structure. Bits 31-0 are shown. Bits 31-4 are 'RESERVED (Zero)'. Bits 3-0 are 'Ciphers Supported'. Lines from bits 3, 2, 1, and 0 point to: '64-bit M6 Available', '56-bit Modified Blowfish Available', '64-bit Modified Blowfish Available', and '56-bit DES Available' respectively. T0908430-99/d13](5456ef9dc49ffc9cbb93cf1dd8052884_img.jpg) + +Diagram of Device Capability Mask showing a 32-bit word structure. Bits 31-0 are shown. Bits 31-4 are 'RESERVED (Zero)'. Bits 3-0 are 'Ciphers Supported'. Lines from bits 3, 2, 1, and 0 point to: '64-bit M6 Available', '56-bit Modified Blowfish Available', '64-bit Modified Blowfish Available', and '56-bit DES Available' respectively. T0908430-99/d13 + +Figure III.9/J.95 – Device Capability Mask + +The device capability mask is provided to describe the extensibility features supported by a given device. The format of the mask is shown in Figure III.9. + +Devices that do not support the device capability mask are assumed to only support the mandatory cryptographic features defined by this content protection system (e.g. the 56-bit M6 Baseline Cipher). + +3 Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. + +#### III.4.3 Manufacture of compliant devices + +All compliant devices that support Full Authentication (that is, each item manufactured, regardless of brand and model) will be assigned a unique device ID ( $X_{ID}$ ) and device EC-DSA public/private key pair ( $X^1, X^{-1}$ ) generated by the DTLA. $X^{-1}$ must be stored within the device in such a way as to prevent its disclosure. Compliant devices must also be given a device certificate ( $X_{Cert}$ ) by the DTLA. This certificate is stored in the compliant device and used during the authentication process. In addition, the compliant device will need to store the other constants and keys necessary to implement the cryptographic protocols. + +#### III.4.4 Cryptographic functions + +##### III.4.4.1 SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm, revision 1) + +SHA-1, as described in FIPS PUB 180-14 is the algorithm used in DSS to generate a message digest of length 160 bits. A message digest is a value calculated from message. It is similar in concept to a checksum, but computationally infeasible to forge. + +##### III.4.4.2 Random number generator + +A high-quality random number generator is required for Full Authentication. The output of this random number generator is indicated by the function $RNG_F$ that is described in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. + +##### III.4.4.3 Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) + +These cryptographic algorithms are based upon cryptographic schemes, primitives, and encoding methods described in IEEE P1363/D3 (11 May, 1998). The IEEE P1363/D3 is an unapproved draft that is subject to change. Changes may occur in subsequent versions of that draft that interfere with conformance to the final IEEE 1363 standard of the cryptographic algorithms described herein. + +An Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC) is used as the cryptographic basis for DH and DSA. + +The definition field classifies ECC implementations. For this system, the definition field used is $GF(p)$ where $p$ is a large prime number greater than three. An elliptic curve $E$ over the field $GF(p)$ , where $p > 3$ , is defined by the parameters $a$ and $b$ and the set of solutions $(x, y)$ to the elliptic curve equation together with an extra point often called the point at infinity. The point at infinity is the identity element of the abelian group, $(E, +)$ . The elliptic curve equation used is + +$$y^2 = x^3 + ax + b \quad \text{where} \quad 4a^3 + 27b^2 \neq 0$$ + +where $a, b, x, y$ , are elements of $GF(p)$ . A point $P$ on the elliptic curve consists of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of a solution to this equation, or the point at infinity, and is designated $P = (x_p, y_p)$ . + +For EC-DSA and EC-DH, a basepoint $G$ on the elliptic curve is selected. All operations in the elliptic curve domain are calculated on an elliptic curve $E$ defined over $GF(p)$ . The public key $Y^1$ (a point on the elliptic curve) and private key $Y^{-1}$ (a scalar value satisfying $0 < Y^{-1} < r$ ) for each entity satisfies the equation: + +$$Y^1 = Y^{-1} G$$ + +In specifying the elliptic curve used: + +- The order of basepoint $G$ will have a large prime factor. +- The system will be robust against MOV reduction attack, since super singular elliptic curves are avoided. + +--- + +4 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), "Secure Hash Standard (SHS)", FIPS Publication 180-1, 17 April, 1995. + +###### III.4.4.3.1 Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (EC-DSA) + +###### Signature + +The following signature algorithm is based on the ECSSA digital signature scheme using the DLSP-DSA signature primitive and EMSA-SHA-1 encoding method defined in IEEE P1363/D3. + +###### Input: + +- $M$ = the data to be signed +- $X^{-1}$ = the private key of the signing device (must be kept secret) +- $p, a, b, G$ and $r$ = the elliptic curve parameters associated with $X^{-1}$ + +###### Output: + +- $S_{X^{-1}}[M]$ = a 320-bit signature of the data, $M$ , based on the private key, $X^{-1}$ + +###### Algorithm: + +- Step 1:** Generate a random value, $u$ , satisfying $0 < u < r$ , using **RNG**F. A new value for $u$ is generated for every signature and shall be unpredictable to an adversary for every signature computation. Also, calculate the elliptic curve point, $V = uG$ . +- Step 2:** Calculate $c = x_V \bmod r$ (the x-coordinate of $V$ reduced modulo $r$ ). If $c = 0$ , then go to **Step 1**. +- Step 3:** Calculate $f = [\text{SHA-1}(M)]_{\text{msb bits in } r}$ . That is, calculate the SHA-1 hash of $M$ and then take the most significant bits of the message digest that is the same number of bits as the size of $r$ . +- Step 4:** Calculate $d = [u^{-1}(f + cX^{-1})] \bmod r$ (note that $u^{-1}$ is the modular inverse of $u \bmod r$ while $X^{-1}$ is the private key of the signing device). If $d = 0$ , then go to **Step 1**. +- Step 5:** Set first 160 bits of $S_{X^{-1}}[M]$ equal to the big endian representation of $c$ , and the second 160 bits of $S_{X^{-1}}[M]$ equal to the big endian representation of $d$ . ( $S_{X^{-1}}[M] = c \parallel d$ ). + +###### Verification + +The following verification algorithm is based on the ECSSA digital signature scheme using the DLVP-DSA signature primitive and EMSA-SHA-1 encoding method defined in of IEEE P1363/D3. + +###### Input: + +- $S_{X^{-1}}[M]$ = an alleged 320-bit signature ( $c \parallel d$ ) of the data, $M$ , based on the private key, $X^{-1}$ +- $M$ = the data associated with the signature +- $X^1$ = the public key of the signing device +- $p, a, b, G$ , and $r$ = the elliptic curve parameters associated with $X^{-1}$ + +###### Output: + +- "valid" or "invalid", indicating whether the alleged signature is determined to be valid or invalid, respectively + +###### Algorithm: + +- Step 1:** Set $c$ equal to the first 160 bits of $S_{X^{-1}}[M]$ interpreted as in big endian representation, and $d$ equal to the second 160 bits of $S_{X^{-1}}[M]$ interpreted as in big endian representation. If $c$ is not in the range $[1, r - 1]$ or $d$ is not in the range $[1, r - 1]$ , then output "invalid" and stop. +- Step 2:** Calculate $f = [\text{SHA-1}(M)]_{\text{msb bits in } r}$ . That is, calculate the SHA-1 hash of $M$ and then take the most significant bits of the message digest that is the same number of bits as the size of $r$ . +- Step 3:** Calculate $h = d^{-1} \bmod r$ , $h_1 = (fh) \bmod r$ , and $h_2 = (ch) \bmod r$ . +- Step 4:** Calculate the elliptic curve point $P = (x_P, y_P) = h_1G + h_2X^1$ . If $P$ equals the elliptic curve point at infinity, then output "invalid" and stop. +- Step 5:** Calculate $c' = x_P \bmod r$ . If $c' = c$ , then output "valid"; otherwise, output "invalid". + +##### III.4.4.3.2 Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (EC-DH) + +The following shared secret derivation algorithm is based on the ECSVDH primitive defined in IEEE P1363/D3. + +###### Input: + +- $Y_V$ = the Diffie-Hellman first phase value generated by the other device (an elliptic curve point) +- $p, a, b, G$ , and $r$ = the elliptic curve parameters associated with $X^{-1}$ + +###### Output: + +- $X_V$ = the Diffie-Hellman first phase value (an elliptic curve point) +- the x-coordinate of $X_K Y_V$ = the shared secret generated by this algorithm (must be kept secret from third parties) + +###### Algorithm: + +- Step 1:** Generate a random integer, $X_K$ , in the range $[1, r - 1]$ using **RNGF**. A new value for $X_K$ is generated for every shared secret and shall be unpredictable to an adversary. Also, calculate the elliptic curve point, $X_V = X_K G$ . +- Step 2:** Output $X_V$ . +- Step 3:** Calculate $X_K Y_V$ . Output the x-coordinate of $X_K Y_V$ as the secret shared. + +###### III.4.4.3.3 Implementation of the Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem + +A range of implementation of the Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem can be realized which are compatible with the IEEE P1363 primitives described in this subclause. + +An efficient implementation of an elliptic curve cryptosystem can be realized by performing computations within the Montgomery space using new definitions of the basic arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and inverse5. + +#### III.4.5 Protocol flow + +##### III.4.5.1 Protocol flow overview + +During Full Authentication: + +- 1) The sink device requests authentication by sending a random challenge and its device certificate. This can be the result of the sink device attempting to access a protected content stream (whose EMI is set to "Copy-never", "No-more-copies", or "Copy-one-generation"). The sink device may request authentication on a speculative basis, before attempting to access a content stream. If a sink device attempts speculative authentication, the request can be rejected by the source. +- 2) Device A then returns a random challenge and its device certificate. If the value of the other device's certificate type or format fields is reserved, the authentication should be immediately aborted. After the random challenge and device certificate exchange, each device verifies the integrity of the other device's certificate using EC-DSA. If the DTLA signature is determined to be valid, the devices examine the certificate revocation list embedded in their system renewability messages (see III.7) to verify that the other device has not been revoked. If the other device has not been revoked, each device calculates a EC-DH key exchange first-phase value (see III.4.4.3.2). +- 3) The devices then exchange messages containing the EC-DH key exchange first-phase value, the Renewability Message Version Number and Generation of the system renewability message stored by the device, and a message signature containing the other device's random challenge concatenated to the preceding components. + +5 Japanese patent application number: TBD. + +The devices verify the signed messages received by checking the message signature using EC-DSA with the other device's public key. This verifies that the message has not been tampered with. If the signature cannot be verified, the device refuses to continue. + +In addition, by comparing the exchanged version numbers, devices can at a later time invoke the system renewability mechanisms (see III.7.2 for the details of this procedure). + +Each device calculates an authentication key ( $K_{Auth}$ ) by completing the EC-DH key exchange. + +A detailed description of the Full Authentication protocol and associated state machines can be found in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. + +![Sequence diagram of the Full Authentication protocol flow between Source Device [A] and Sink Device [B].](9870bf462aa0d916a16d14b5a100c60a_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Source Device [A] + participant Sink Device [B] + Note left of Source Device [A]: + Note right of Sink Device [B]: + Source Device [A]->>Sink Device [B]: 1 Request Authentication, send random challenge and device certificate + Sink Device [B]-->>Source Device [A]: 2 Return random challenge and device certificate + Note left of Source Device [A]: Verify B's device cert +Examine SRM +Compute EC-DH first phase value + Note right of Sink Device [B]: Verify A's device cert +Examine SRM +Compute EC-DH first phase value + Source Device [A]-->>Sink Device [B]: 3a + Sink Device [B]-->>Source Device [A]: 3b + Note left of Source Device [A]: Verify B's signed msg +Compute Auth key + Note right of Sink Device [B]: Verify A's signed msg +Compute Auth key + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the Full Authentication protocol flow between a Source Device [A] and a Sink Device [B]. The process begins with Source Device [A] sending a 'Request Authentication, send random challenge and device certificate' (1) to Sink Device [B]. Sink Device [B] responds with 'Return random challenge and device certificate' (2). Both devices then perform internal checks: 'Verify B's device cert' (or 'Verify A's device cert'), 'Examine SRM', and 'Compute EC-DH first phase value'. Following these checks, Source Device [A] sends a message (3a) to Sink Device [B], which responds with (3b). Finally, both devices perform 'Verify B's signed msg' (or 'Verify A's signed msg') and 'Compute Auth key'. A small label 'T0908440-99/d14' is present in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +Sequence diagram of the Full Authentication protocol flow between Source Device [A] and Sink Device [B]. + +Figure III.10/J.95 – Full Authentication protocol flow overview + +### III.5 Restricted Authentication + +#### III.5.1 Introduction + +This subclause describes the authentication and key exchange between source and sink devices that employ asymmetric key management and common key cryptography for "Copy-one-generation" and "No-more-copies" contents. These kinds of devices, which typically have limited computation resources, follow a Restricted Authentication protocol instead of Full Authentication. Restricted Authentication relies on the use of shared secrets and hash function to respond to a random challenge. + +The Restricted Authentication method is based on a device being able to prove that it holds a secret shared with other devices. One device authenticates another by issuing a random challenge that is responded to by modifying it with the shared secret and hashing. + +#### III.5.2 Notation + +The notation introduced in this subclause is used to describe the cryptographic process and protocol used for Restricted Authentication. + +##### III.5.2.1 Defined by the DTLA + +The following parameters, keys, constants, and certificates must be generated by the DTLA. + +###### III.5.2.1.1 General + +The parameters defined in III.4.2.1 are also used during Restricted Authentication by Source devices that also support Full Authentication. + +##### III.5.2.1.2 For Device X + +$X_{\text{Cert}}$ = A device certificate given to compliant device X by the DTLA and used during the authentication process (See the III.5.2.2 for details). + +$X_{\text{Kcosrc1}} \dots X_{\text{Kcosrc12}}$ = Each device which is a source of "Copy-one-generation" content receives twelve 64-bit keys from the DTLA. + +$X_{\text{Kcosnk1}} \dots X_{\text{Kcosnk12}}$ = Each device which is a sink of "Copy-one-generation" content receives twelve 64-bit keys from the DTLA. + +$X_{\text{Knmsrc1}} \dots X_{\text{Knmsrc12}}$ = Each device which is a source of "No-more-copies" content receives twelve 64-bit keys from the DTLA. + +$X_{\text{Knmsnk1}} \dots X_{\text{Knmsnk12}}$ = Each device which is a sink of "No-more-copies" content receives twelve 64-bit keys from the DTLA. + +$X_{\text{KSV}}$ = This key selection vector (KSV) determines which keys will be used during the Restricted Authentication procedure with this device. Only one KSV is required for devices that can be both a source and sink of content. + +**Table III.3/J.95 – Length of keys and constants created by DTLA (Restricted Authentication)** + +| Key or variable | Size (bits) | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| "Copy-one-generation" Sink Device Keys ( $X_{\text{Kcosnk1}} \dots X_{\text{Kcosnk12}}$ ) | 64 (Each) | +| "Copy-one-generation" Source Device Keys ( $X_{\text{Kcosrc1}} \dots X_{\text{Kcosrc12}}$ ) | 64 (Each) | +| "No-more-copies" Sink Device Keys ( $X_{\text{Knmsnk1}} \dots X_{\text{Knmsnk12}}$ ) | 64 (Each) | +| "No-more-copies" Source Device Keys ( $X_{\text{Knmsrc1}} \dots X_{\text{Knmsrc12}}$ ) | 64 (Each) | +| Key Selection Vector ( $X_{\text{KSV}}$ ) | 12 | + +Devices contain the keys appropriate to the type of content and functions that they perform. + +###### Notation used during Restricted Authentication + +The following additional values are generated and used by the devices during Restricted Authentication: + +$X_n$ = Nonce (random challenge generated by $\text{RNG}_R$ ) + +$K_V, K'_V$ = Verification key + +$R, R'$ = Responses to Nonces + +$K_{\text{Auth}}, K'_{\text{Auth}}$ = Authentication key + +**Table III.4/J.95 – Length of keys and variables generated by the device (Restricted Authentication)** + +| Key or variable | Size (bits) | +|-----------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Nonce ( $A_n, B_n$ ) | 64 | +| Verification Keys ( $K_v, K'_v$ ) | 64 | +| Responses ( $R, R'$ ) | 64 | +| Authentication Keys ( $K_{Auth}, K'_{Auth}$ ) | 96 | + +##### III.5.2.2 Device Certificate Format + +A Restricted Authentication Device Certificate is used in the Restricted Authentication process. Each Restricted Authentication device certificate is assigned by the DTLA and includes a Device ID and a signature generated by the DTLA. All compliant sink devices that support only Restricted Authentication shall have this certificate. + +![Diagram of Restricted Authentication device certificate format showing bit fields from 31 to 0. The first row shows bit indices. The second row shows Certificate Type (4 bits), Format (4 bits), Reserved (Zero) (4 bits), Key Selection Vector (12 bits), and the start of Device ID (8 bits). The third row shows the continuation of Device ID (40 bits total). The fourth row shows the DTLA EC-DSA signature (320 bits).](08c7a76a7786bd08b99dd4cb41583ef4_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|--------|----|----|----|-----------------|----|----|----|----------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|---|---|-----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | +| Certificate Type | | | | Format | | | | Reserved (Zero) | | | | Key Selection Vector | | | | | | | | | | | | Device ID | | | | | | | | +| Device ID (40 bits) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| DTLA EC-DSA signature of all preceding fields (320 bits; c value followed by d value) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Diagram of Restricted Authentication device certificate format showing bit fields from 31 to 0. The first row shows bit indices. The second row shows Certificate Type (4 bits), Format (4 bits), Reserved (Zero) (4 bits), Key Selection Vector (12 bits), and the start of Device ID (8 bits). The third row shows the continuation of Device ID (40 bits total). The fourth row shows the DTLA EC-DSA signature (320 bits). + +T0909300-00/d15 + +**Figure III.11/J.95 – Restricted Authentication device certificate format** + +The Restricted Authentication device certificate is comprised of the following fields (see Figure III.11) : + +- **Certificate Type** (4 bits). (See III.4.2.3.1 for a description of the encoding.) +- **Certificate Format** (4 bits). (See III.4.2.3.1 for a description of the encoding.) +- **Reserved Field** (4 bits). These bits are reserved for future definition and are currently defined to have a value of zero. +- **Key Selection Vector** ( $X_{KSV}$ , 12 bits) assigned by the DTLA (see Figure III.12). This vector determines which keys will be used during the Restricted Authentication procedure with this device. This KSV is used regardless of the EMI of the stream to be handled or whether the device is being used as a source or sink of content. The encoding of this field is as follows: +- The **Device ID** number ( $X_{ID}$ , 40 bits) assigned by the DTLA. +- A **EC-DSA signature** from the DTLA of the components listed above (320 bits). + +The overall size of a Restricted Authentication device certificate format is 48 bytes. + +##### III.5.2.3 Random number generator + +A random number generator is required for Restricted Authentication. The output of this random number generator is indicated by the function $RNG_R$ . Either $RNG_R$ or $RNG_F$ as described in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA may be used for Restricted Authentication. + +![Diagram of a Key Selection Vector. It shows a 12-bit vector with bits numbered 11 down to 0. Below the bits, the text 'Key Selection Vector' is inside a box. Lines from bits 1, 2, and 11 point to labels 'X_K1 Selected', 'X_K2 Selected', and 'X_K12 Selected' respectively, with an ellipsis between X_K2 and X_K12. A small code 'T0908450-99/d16' is at the bottom right.](e64c7b989e5bdb2708cd7aefd18b06e1_img.jpg) + +Diagram of a Key Selection Vector. It shows a 12-bit vector with bits numbered 11 down to 0. Below the bits, the text 'Key Selection Vector' is inside a box. Lines from bits 1, 2, and 11 point to labels 'X\_K1 Selected', 'X\_K2 Selected', and 'X\_K12 Selected' respectively, with an ellipsis between X\_K2 and X\_K12. A small code 'T0908450-99/d16' is at the bottom right. + +Figure III.12/J.95 – Key Selection Vector + +#### **III.5.3 Protocol flow** + +##### **III.5.3.1 Protocol flow overview** + +Figure III.13 gives an overview of the Restricted Authentication protocol flow. + +![Sequence diagram of the Restricted Authentication protocol flow between Source Device [A] and Sink Device [B]. Step 1: Sink Device [B] sends 'Request Authentication, send random challenge and either device certificate or key selection vector' to Source Device [A]. Step 2: Source Device [A] sends 'Send random challenge and key selection vector' to Sink Device [B]. Between steps 2 and 3, Source Device [A] performs 'If source supports Full Authentication (Verify B's cert) (Examine SRM)', 'Compute Verification key', and 'Verify response'. Sink Device [B] performs 'Compute response' and 'Compute Auth key'. Step 3: Sink Device [B] sends 'Return response' to Source Device [A]. Source Device [A] then performs 'Compute Auth key'. A small code 'T0908460-99/d17' is at the bottom right.](382a9c9e4816bd229191ab4591424dd8_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram of the Restricted Authentication protocol flow between Source Device [A] and Sink Device [B]. Step 1: Sink Device [B] sends 'Request Authentication, send random challenge and either device certificate or key selection vector' to Source Device [A]. Step 2: Source Device [A] sends 'Send random challenge and key selection vector' to Sink Device [B]. Between steps 2 and 3, Source Device [A] performs 'If source supports Full Authentication (Verify B's cert) (Examine SRM)', 'Compute Verification key', and 'Verify response'. Sink Device [B] performs 'Compute response' and 'Compute Auth key'. Step 3: Sink Device [B] sends 'Return response' to Source Device [A]. Source Device [A] then performs 'Compute Auth key'. A small code 'T0908460-99/d17' is at the bottom right. + +Figure III.13/J.95 – Restricted Authentication protocol flow overview + +During Restricted Authentication: + +- 1) The sink device initiates the authentication protocol by sending an asynchronous challenge request to the source device. This request contains the type of Exchange Key to be shared by the source and sink devices as well as a random number generated by the sink device using $\text{RNG}_R$ . If the sink device knows that the source device does not have a capability for Full Authentication, the sink sends its KSV to the source; otherwise, the sink sends its Restricted Authentication device certificate. +- 2) The source device generates a random challenge using $\text{RNG}_R$ and sends it to the sink device. If the source device supports Full Authentication, it extracts the device ID of the sink device from the certificate sent by the sink. It then checks: + - a) that the certificate sent by the sink is valid; and + - b) that the sink's device ID is not listed in the certification revocation list in the system renewability message stored in the source device. + +Also, if the value of the other device's certificate type or format fields is reserved, the authentication should be immediately aborted. If these checks are completed successfully, the source continues the protocol by computing the verification key. + +- 3) After receiving a random challenge back from the source device, the sink device computes a response using a verification key that it has computed and sends it to the source. +- 4) After the sink device returns a response, the source device compares this response with similar information generated at the source side using its verification key. If the comparison matches its own calculation, the sink device has been verified and authenticated. If the comparison does not match it, the source device shall reject the sink device. Finally, each device computes the authentication key. + +A detailed description of the Restricted Authentication protocol and associated state machines can be found in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. + +### III.6 Content Channel management and protection + +#### III.6.1 Introduction + +This subclause details the mechanisms used to: + +- 1) share an Exchange Key between a source device and a sink device; and +- 2) establish and manage the encrypted isochronous channel through which protected content flows. + +Either Full or Restricted Authentication (depending on the capabilities of the device) shall be completed prior to establishing a content channel. + +#### III.6.2 Content management keys + +##### III.6.2.1 Exchange Key ( $K_x$ ) + +A common set of Exchange Keys ( $K_x$ ) are established between a source device and all sink devices that have completed the appropriate authentication procedure (either Full or Restricted) with the source device required to handle content with a specific EMI value (III.6.4.2). In addition, if optional content ciphers6 are mutually supported, Exchange Keys are established for use with them for Copy-never content. + +The procedure for establishing an Exchange Key is described in III.6.3.1. + +##### III.6.2.2 Content Key ( $K_c$ ) + +The **Content Key** ( $K_c$ ) is used as the key for the content encryption engine. $K_c$ is computed from the three values shown below: + +- Exchange Key $K_x$ assigned to the EMI and cipher/key length being used to protect the content. + +--- + +6 Only applicable for Exchange Keys established as a result of Full Authentication between devices which both support the optional capability mask in the device certificate. + +- A random number $N_c$ generated by the source device (using $RNG_F$ for devices which support Full Authentication and $RNG_R$ for devices which support only Restricted Authentication) which is sent in plain text to all sink devices in asynchronous packet(s). +- Constant value $C_a$ or $C_b$ , or $C_c$ , which corresponds to the encryption mode EMI in the packet header. + +The Content Key is generated as follows: + +$$K_c = J[K_x, N_c, f[EMI]]$$ + +where: + +$$f[EMI] = C_a \text{ if EMI is mode A}$$ + +$$f[EMI] = C_b \text{ if EMI is mode B}$$ + +$$f[EMI] = C_c \text{ if EMI is mode C}$$ + +$C_a$ , $C_b$ and $C_c$ are universal secret constants assigned by the DTLA. The values for these constants are specified in DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. The definition of function $J[]$ is also described in this appendix. + +##### III.6.2.3 Key sizes + +Table III.5 lists the lengths of the keys and constants described above. + +**Table III.5/J.95 – Length of keys and constants (Content Channel management)** + +| Key, Variable, or Constant | Size (bits) | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Exchange Keys ( $K_x$ ) | 96 | +| Scrambled Exchange Keys ( $K_{sx}$ ) | 96 | +| Constants ( $C_a$ , $C_b$ , $C_c$ ) | 24 | +| Content Key for Baseline Cipher ( $K_c$ ) | 56 | +| Content Key for Optional Ciphers a) ( $K_c$ ) | 56-64 | +| Nonce for Content Channel ( $N_c$ ) | 64 | +| a) Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. | | + +#### III.6.3 Protocol flow + +##### III.6.3.1 Establishing Exchange Key(s) + +After the completion of Full or Restricted Authentication, the source device establishes the Exchange Key(s) described in III.A.6.2.1. The following procedure is used for each key: + +- 1) The source device assigned a random value for the particular Exchange Key ( $K_x$ ) being established. +- 2) It then scrambles the key $K_x$ using $K_{Auth}$ resulting in $K_{sx}$ according to the function described in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. +- 3) The source device sends $K_{sx}$ to the sink device. +- 4) The sink device descrambles the key $K_{sx}$ using $K'_{Auth}$ to determine the shared Exchange Key $K_x$ according to the function described in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. + +The source device repeats the above steps for all of the Exchange Keys required between it and the sink device. + +Finally, the devices update the SRM if it is determined to be necessary during the Full Authentication process (see III.4). + +Devices remain authenticated as long as they maintain valid Exchange Keys. The Exchange Key may be repeatedly used to set up and manage the security of copyrighted content streams without further authentication. It is recommended that source devices expire their Exchange Keys when they stop all isochronous output. Additionally, devices must expire their Exchange Keys when they are detached from the bus. + +##### III.6.3.2 Establishing Content Keys + +This subclause describes the mechanism for establishing the Content Keys ( $K_c$ ) used to encrypt/decrypt content being exchanged between the source and sink devices (see Figure III.14). + +![Sequence diagram showing the content channel establishment and management protocol flow between a Source Device and a Sink Device. Step 1: Source sends seed value Nc. Step 2: Source sends encrypted stream using Odd/Even key; Sink receives clear text. Step 3: Source indicates key change and sends encrypted stream using Even/Odd key; Sink receives clear text.](13fde41de77bf026013a0b81684d1fc9_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant Source as Source Device + participant Sink as Sink Device + Note over Source: Clear Text Content + Source->>Sink: 1 Send current seed value (Nc). Compute the appropriate (Odd or Even) key depending on the value of Nc + Source->>Sink: 2 Encrypted Content Stream using Odd (or Even) Key + Note over Sink: Clear Text Content + Note over Source: Clear Text Content + Source->>Sink: 3 Indicate key change. Encrypted Content Stream using Even (or Odd) Key + Note over Sink: Clear Text Content + +``` + +T0908470-99/d18 + +Sequence diagram showing the content channel establishment and management protocol flow between a Source Device and a Sink Device. Step 1: Source sends seed value Nc. Step 2: Source sends encrypted stream using Odd/Even key; Sink receives clear text. Step 3: Source indicates key change and sends encrypted stream using Even/Odd key; Sink receives clear text. + +**Figure III.14/J.95 – Content Channel establishment and management protocol flow overview** + +Content Keys are established between the source device and the sink device as follows: + +- 1) When the source device starts sending content, it generates a 64-bit random number as an initial value of the seed ( $N_c$ ) of the Content Key. The initial seed is referred to as Odd or Even based on its least significant bit. If subsequent content channels are established, the current value of $N_c$ from the active content channel(s) may be used as the seed. +- 2) The source device begins transmitting the content using the Odd or Even Content Key ( $K_c$ ) corresponding to the above reference of the initial seed to encrypt the content. The Content Key is computed by the source device using the function $J$ , Exchange Key $K_x$ , the seed ( $N_c$ ) and the $f[EMI]$ . A bit in the IEEE 1394 packet header is used to indicate which key (ODD or EVEN) is being used to encrypt a particular packet of content. If the initial seed is ODD, the Odd/Even bit in the IEEE 1394 packet header is set to Odd; otherwise, it is set to Even. + +Upon receiving the seed $N_c$ , the sink device checks if the least significant bit of the $N_c$ matches the status of the Odd/Even bit. If both bits are identical, the sink device computes the current Content Key using the function $J$ , $K_c$ , $f[EMI]$ , and $N_c$ . If those bits are different, it shows the key has been changed and the sink device computes the current Content Key by following method: + +- computing $N_c + 1 \bmod 2^{64}$ as new seed; then +- computing the Content Key with above method using the new seed instead of the original seed sent from the source device. + +The source device prepares the next Content Key by computing $K_c$ using the same process used for the initial calculation with exception that the seed ( $N_c$ ) is incremented. + +Periodically, the source device shall change Content Keys to maintain robust content protection. To change keys, the source device starts encrypting with the new key computed above and indicates this change by switching the state of the Odd/Even bit in the IEEE 1394 packet header. The minimum period for change of the Content Key is defined as 30 s. The maximum period is defined as 120 s. Duration time for $K_c$ is from 30 s to 2 minutes. A source device should not increment the Content Key duration time counter when it is outputting only contents marked with an EMI value (see III.6.4.2) of Copy-free. When a device suspends all isochronous outputs, it should reset its counter. + +The protocol flow to establish the Content Key using IEEE 1394 transactions is shown in III.8. + +##### III.6.3.3 Odd/Even bit + +The Odd/Even bit (the third bit of the synch field of the IEEE 1394 isochronous packet header) is used to indicate which Content Key ( $K_c$ ) is currently being used to protect the content channel (see Figure III.15). The Odd/Even bit only exists when the value of the tag field is 01A; "0" indicates that the Even key should be used while "1" indicates that the Odd key should be used. The Odd key and Even key are used and updated alternately. The Odd/Even bit can only be changed on isochronous packets that contain either the beginning of a new encryption frame or are idle packets between encryption frames. If an isochronous packet contains portions of more than one encryption frame, then the change in key is applied to the first encryption frame which begins in the packet. + +![](43979979715bb3304389a0cb18f34444_img.jpg) + +Transmitted First + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-----|----|---------|----|----|----|-------|---|-----|---|----------|----|---|---|---|---| +| 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | +| Data Length | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tag | | Channel | | | | Tcode | | EMI | | Odd/Even | Sy | | | | | +| Header CRC | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Data Field | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Data CRC | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +T0909310-00/d19 + +Figure III.15/J.95 – Odd/Even bit location in the packet header + +#### III.6.4 Copy Control Information (CCI) + +**Copy Control Information (CCI)** specifies the attributes of the content with respect to this content protection system. Two CCI mechanisms are supported: Embedded CCI and the Encryption Mode Indicator. + +##### III.6.4.1 Embedded CCI + +Embedded CCI is carried as part of the content stream. Many content formats including MPEG have fields allocated for carrying the CCI associated with the stream. The integrity of embedded CCI is ensured since tampering with the content stream results in erroneous decryption of the content. + +##### III.6.4.2 Encryption Mode Indicator (EMI) + +The Encryption Mode Indicator (EMI) provides an easy-to-access yet secure mechanism for indicating the CCI associated with a stream of digital content. For IEEE 1394 serial buses, the EMI is placed in the most significant two bits of the Synch field of the packet header as shown in Figure III.16. The EMI bits only exist when the value of the tag field is 01. By locating the EMI in an easy-to-access location, devices can immediately determine the CCI of the content stream without needing to decode the content transport format to extract the embedded CCI. This ability is critical for enabling bit-stream recording devices (e.g. digital VCR) that do not recognize and cannot decode specific content formats. + +The EMI bits can only be changed on isochronous packets that contain either the beginning of a new encryption frame or are idle packets between encryption frames. If an isochronous packet contains portions of more than one encryption frame, then the change in EMI is applied to the first encryption frame which begins in the packet. + +![Diagram of packet structure showing fields: Data Length, Tag, Channel, Tcode, EMI, and Sy. The EMI field is highlighted in the header section.](9a14684f8ae1345c6efea6f5994c730c_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of an IEEE 1394 packet header and data fields. The header is 32 bits wide, with bits numbered 31 down to 0 from left to right. The fields are defined as follows: + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-------------------|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|-----|--|---------|--|--|--|--|--|-------|--|--|--|-----|--|-----|----| +| Transmitted First | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Data Length | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tag | | Channel | | | | | | Tcode | | | | EMI | | U/I | Sy | +| Header CRC | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Data Field | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Data CRC | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +T0909320-00/d20 + +Diagram of packet structure showing fields: Data Length, Tag, Channel, Tcode, EMI, and Sy. The EMI field is highlighted in the header section. + +Figure III.16/J.95 – EMI location + +The EMI indicates the mode of encryption applied to a stream: + +- Licensed source devices will choose the right encryption mode according to the characteristics of the content stream and set its EMI accordingly. If the content stream consists of multiple substreams with different embedded CCI, the strictest embedded CCI will be used to set the EMI. +- Licensed sink devices will choose the right decryption mode as indicated by the EMI. + +If the EMI bits are tampered with, the encryption and decryption modes will not match, resulting in an erroneous decryption of the content. + +**Table III.6/J.95 – EMI encoding** + +| EMI mode | EMI value | Meaning | Authentication required | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------|-------------------------| +| Mode A | 11 | Copy-never | Full | +| Mode B | 10 | Copy-one-generation | Restricted or Full | +| Mode C | 01 | No-more-copies | Restricted or Full | +| N.A a) | 00 | Copy-free | None, not encrypted | +| a) Not Applicable. No EMI mode is defined for an encoding of 00. | | | | + +- An encoding of 00 is used to indicate that the content can be copied freely. No authentication or encryption is required to protect this content. +- For content that is never to be copied [e.g. content from pre-recorded media with a Copy Generation Management System (CGMS) value of 11], an EMI encoding of 11 is used. This content can only be exchanged between devices that have successfully completed the Full Authentication procedure. +- An EMI encoding of 10 indicates that one generation of copies can be made (e.g. content from prerecorded media with a CGMS value of 10). Devices exchanging this content can either use Full or Restricted Authentication. +- If content with EMI = 10 is copied, future exchanges across a digital interconnect are marked with an EMI encoding of 01, which indicates that a single-generation copy has already been made. + +##### III.6.4.3 Relationship between embedded CCI and EMI + +A protected stream of content may consist of one or more programmes. Each of these programmes may be assigned a different level of embedded CCI. Since EMI is associated with the overall stream of content, it is possible that the stream will be composed of multiple programmes and that the EMI will not match the embedded CCI value of each of the protected programmes. In the event that there is a conflict, the most restrictive embedded CCI value will be used for the EMI. + +**Table III.7/J.95 – Relationship between EMI and embedded CCI** + +| EMI | Embedded CCI for each programme | | | | +|-----------------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------|------------|------------| +| | 00 | 01 | 10 | 11 | +| Mode A (Copy-never) | Allowed | Allowed a) | Allowed | Allowed | +| Mode B (Copy-one-generation) | Allowed | Prohibited | Allowed | Prohibited | +| Mode C (No-more-copies) | Allowed | Allowed | Allowed | Prohibited | +| N.A. (Copy-free) | Allowed | Prohibited | Prohibited | Prohibited | +| a) Not typically used. | | | | | + +##### III.6.4.4 Treatment of EMI/embedded CCI for common device functions + +This subclause presents the behaviour of common device functions according to their ability to send/receive EMI and detect/modify embedded CCI. Other functions not listed in this subclause may be permitted as long as they are consistent with the provisions of this specification. + +###### III.6.4.4.1 Format-cognizant source function + +A format-cognizant source function (see Table III.8) can recognize the embedded CCI of a content stream being transmitted. + +**Table III.8/J.95 – Format-cognizant source function CCI handling** + +| Embedded CCI of programmes | | | | EMI | +|--------------------------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------|------------------------------| +| 00 | 01 | 10 | 11 | | +| Don't care | (Note) | Don't care | Present | Mode A (Copy-never) | +| Don't care | Cannot be present | Present | Cannot be present | Mode B (Copy-one-generation) | +| Don't care | Present | Cannot be present | Cannot be present | Mode C (No-more-copies) | +| Present | Cannot be present | Cannot be present | Cannot be present | N.A. (Copy-free) | +| Other combinations | | | | Transmission prohibited | +| NOTE – Don't care, but not typically used. | | | | | + +###### III.6.4.4.2 Format-non-cognizant source function + +A format-non-cognizant source function (see Table III.9) need not recognize the embedded CCI of a content stream being transmitted. + +**Table III.9/J.95 – Format-non-cognizant source function CCI handling** + +| EMI or recorded CCI a)
of source content | EMI used for transmission | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------| +| Copy-never | Mode A (Copy-never) | +| Copy-one-generation | Mode B (Copy-one-generation) | +| No-more-copies | Mode C (No-more-copies) | +| Copy-free | N.A. (Copy-free) | +| a) Recorded CCI is copy control information that is not embedded in the content programme and does not require knowledge of the content format to extract. | | + +###### III.6.4.4.3 Format-cognizant recording function + +A format-cognizant recording function (see Table III.10) recognizes the embedded CCI of a received content programme prior to writing it to recordable media. + +**Table III.10/J.95 – Format-cognizant recording function CCI handling** + +| EMI | Embedded CCI of programme | | | | +|------------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------------------------|---------------|----------------------------------------| +| | 00 | 01 | 10 | 11 | +| Mode A (Copy-never) | Recordable | Do not record | (Note 1) | Do not record | +| Mode B (Copy-one-generation) | Recordable | Discard entire content stream (Note 2) | (Note 1) | Discard entire content stream (Note 2) | +| Mode C (No-more-copies) | Recordable | Do not record | Do not record | Discard entire content stream (Note 2) | + +NOTE 1 – If the recording function supports recording a CCI value of No-more-copies then the CCI value of No-more-copies shall be recorded with the programme. Otherwise, the CCI of Copy-never shall be recorded with the programme. +NOTE 2 – If the function detects this CCI combination among the programmes it is recording, the entire content stream is discarded. + +###### III.6.4.4.4 Format-cognizant sink function + +A format-cognizant sink function can recognize the embedded CCI of received content. + +Table III.11 shows the embedded CCI of programmes contained within the content stream that can be received. + +**Table III.11/J.95 – Format-cognizant sink function CCI handling** + +| EMI | Embedded CCI of programme | | | | +|------------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------| +| | 00 | 01 | 10 | 11 | +| Mode A (Copy-never) | Available for processing | Available for processing (Note 2) | Available for processing | Available for processing | +| Mode B (Copy-one-generation) | Available for processing | Discard entire content stream (Note 1) | Available for processing | Discard entire content stream (Note 1) | +| Mode C (No-more-copies) | Available for processing | Available for processing | Available for processing (Note 3) | Discard entire content stream (Note 1) | + +NOTE 1 – If the function detects this CCI combination among the programmes it is recording, the entire content stream is discarded. +NOTE 2 – Not typically used. +NOTE 3 – If the device has a rule for handling No-more-copies, this programme shall be handled according to the rule. Otherwise the programme shall be handled as Never-copy. + +###### III.6.4.4.5 Format-non-cognizant recording function + +A Format-non-cognizant recording function (see Table III.12) can record content with appropriate EMI onto recordable media. + +**Table III.12/J.95 – Format-non-cognizant recording function CCI handling** + +| EMI of the received stream | Recorded CCI a) to be written onto user recordable media | +|------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Mode A (Copy-never) | Stream cannot be recorded | +| Mode B (Copy-one-generation) | No-more-copies | +| Mode C (No-more-copies) | Stream cannot be recorded | + +a) Recorded CCI is copy control information that is not embedded in the content programme and does not require knowledge of the content format to extract. + +###### III.6.4.4.6 Format-non-cognizant sink function + +For this function, the content must be treated in a manner consistent with its EMI 6.5 Common Device Categories. + +Devices may support zero or more of the functions described in III.6.4.4. + +Common types of fixed function devices include, but are not limited to the following: + +- 1) **Format-cognizant pre-recorded content source device** has a format-cognizant source function (e.g. DVD player). +- 2) **Format-cognizant real-time-delivery content source/decoding device** has a format-cognizant source function and format-cognizant sink function (e.g. set-top box or digital TV). +- 3) **Format-cognizant recorder and player** has a format-cognizant source function, format-cognizant sink function, and format-cognizant recording function (e.g. DV-VCR). +- 4) **Format-non-cognizant recorder and player** has a format-non-cognizant source function and format-non-cognizant recording function (e.g. D-VHS VCR). +- 5) **Format-non-cognizant Bus Bridge** has a format-non-cognizant source function and format-non-cognizant sink function (e.g. IEEE 1394 to IEEE 1394 bus bridge). + +#### III.6.5 Content channel ciphers + +All compliant devices support the baseline cipher and possibly additional, optional ciphers for protecting content7. + +##### III.6.5.1 Baseline cipher + +All devices and applications must, at a minimum, support the baseline cipher to ensure interoperability. The M6-S56 block cipher using the converted cipher-block-chaining (C-CBC) mode is the baseline cipher. This cipher is described in detail in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. + +--- + +7 Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. + +##### III.6.5.2 Content encryption formats + +Table III.13 shows the content encryption formats that will be used with content channel ciphers. + +**Table III.13/J.95 – Content Encryption Formats** + +| Data format | Encryption frame | Size | +|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|-----------| +| MPEG Transport Stream | IEC 61883-4 Transport Stream Packet | 188 bytes | +| DV (SD Format) | IEC 61883-2 Isochronous Transfer Unit | 480 bytes | +| Audio | IEC 61883-6 (IEC-PAS) IEC 958 conformant data for 2 channels | 8 bytes | + +##### III.6.5.3 Support for Optional Content Channel Ciphers + +Support is defined in III.4 (Device Capability Mask), Section A.6 of (Establishment of multiple $K_X$ values), Section A.8 of (Encoding of cipher selection in the AV/C Digital Interface Command Set). Optional content channel ciphers algorithms with the converted cipher-block-chaining (C-CBC) mode are described in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA8. + +### III.7 System renewability + +#### III.7.1 Introduction + +Compliant devices that support Full Authentication can receive and process system renewability messages (SRMs) created by the DTLA and distributed with content. These messages are used to ensure the long-term integrity of the system. + +##### III.7.1.1 SRM message components and layout + +There are several components to a system renewability message (SRM): + +- A message **Type** field (4 bits). This field has the same encoding as is used for the certificate type field in device certificates. See III.A.4.2.3.1 for a description. The only encoding currently defined is 0, which indicates that the message is for IEEE 1394 content protection. +- A message **Generation** field (SRMM) (4 bits). This field specifies the generation of the SRM. It is used to ensure the extensibility of the SRM mechanism. Currently, the only encoding defined is 0, indicating a first generation SRM with a maximum size as specified in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. Other encodings are currently reserved. This value remains unchanged even if only part of the SRM can be stored by the device (e.g. $X_{\text{SRMC}} \leq \text{SRMM}$ ). +- Reserved field (8 bits). These bits are reserved for future definition and are currently defined to have a value of zero. +- A monotonically increasing system renewability message Version Number (SRMV) (16 bits). This value is exchanged as $X_{\text{SRMV}}$ during Full Authentication. This value is not reset to zero when the message generation field is changed. +- Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Length (16 bits). This field specifies the size (in bytes) of the CRL including the CRL Length field (2 bytes), CRL Entries (variable length), and DTLA Signature (40 bytes). +- CRL Entries (variable sized). The CRL used to revoke the certificates of devices whose security has been compromised. Its format is described in the following subclause. +- The DTLA EC-DSA signature of these components using $L^{-1}$ (320 bits). + +--- + +8 Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. + +The structure of first-generation SRMs is shown in Figure III.17. The fields in the first 4 bytes of the SRM comprise the SRM Header. + +![Figure III.17/J.95 – Structure of the first generation System Renewability Message. The diagram shows a 32-bit word structure with fields: Type (bits 31-30), Generation (bits 29-28), Reserved (Zero) (bits 27-24), Version Number (bits 23-0), CRL Length (bits 23-16), CRL Entries (Variable size) (bits 15-0), and DTLA Signature (320 bits).](ae0a735d106290c594b0bafb1f5e72e7_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------|----|------------|----|-----------------|----|----|----|----------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-----------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | +| Type | | Generation | | Reserved (Zero) | | | | Version Number | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| CRL Length | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CRL Entries (Variable size) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| DTLA Signature (320 bits) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Figure III.17/J.95 – Structure of the first generation System Renewability Message. The diagram shows a 32-bit word structure with fields: Type (bits 31-30), Generation (bits 29-28), Reserved (Zero) (bits 27-24), Version Number (bits 23-0), CRL Length (bits 23-16), CRL Entries (Variable size) (bits 15-0), and DTLA Signature (320 bits). + +T0909330-00/d21 + +Figure III.17/J.95 – Structure of the first generation System Renewability Message + +###### III.7.1.1.1 Certificate Revocation List (CRL) + +The **Certificate Revocation List (CRL)** identifies devices that are no longer compliant. It consists of the CRL Length field that specifies the length of the CRL in bytes. This field is followed by a sequence of entry type blocks (1 byte) which are in turn followed by the number of CRL entries specified by the entry type block. Two types of entry block are supported. One type provides for the revocation of individual devices while the second allows for the revocation of blocks of up to 65 535 devices. + +###### III.7.1.1.2 DTLA EC-DSA Signature + +The DTLA EC-DSA Signature field is a 320-bit signature calculated over all of the preceding fields of the SRM using the DTLA EC-DSA private key $L^{-1}$ . This field is used to verify the integrity of the SRM using the DTLA EC-DSA public key $L^1$ . + +##### III.7.1.2 SRM scalability + +To ensure the scalability of this renewability solution, the SRM format is extensible (see Figure III.18). Next-generation extensions (CRLs and possibly other mechanisms) to a current-generation SRM format must be appended to the current-generation SRM in order to ensure backward compatibility with devices that only support previous-generation SRMs. Devices are only responsible for supporting the generation of SRM that was required by the DTLA as of the time the device was manufactured. The conditions under which the DTLA will authorize a new-generation SRMs are specified in the DTLA license agreement. + +#### III.7.2 Updating SRMs + +System renewability messages can be updated from: + +- other compliant devices (connected via the digital transmission means) that have a newer list; +- pre-recorded content media; +- content streams via real-time compliant devices that can communicate externally (e.g. via the Internet, phone line, cable system, direct broadcast satellite, etc.) + +The general procedure for updating SRMs is as follows: + +- 1) Examine the version number of the new SRM. +- 2) Verify that the SRM version number is greater than the one stored in non-volatile storage. +- 3) Verify integrity with the DTLA public key ( $L^1$ ). +- 4) If SRM is valid and new, then store as much as will fit of the newer version of the message in the device's non-volatile storage. + +![Diagram illustrating SRM extensibility with multiple generations of SRM formats.](5ee1bbbf85b473f78af9ec8368a4159a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the extensibility of the SRM (Secure Real-time Transport Protocol) format across multiple generations. It shows a vertical stack of SRM parts and how they relate to different generations of the SRM format. + +- SRM Header**: The top part of the SRM packet. +- SRM Part #1 (CRL)**: The first part of the SRM, containing the Certificate Revocation List. + - Associated with **First-generation SRM Format**. + - Max size is specified in DTCP Spec. + - Highest-priority revocations go in the CRL in SRM Part #1. +- DTLA Sig. on Hdr. & Part #1**: A digital signature covering the header and the first part. +- SRM Part #2**: The second part of the SRM. + - Associated with **Second-generation SRM Format**. + - Max Size TBD. + - Lower-priority revocations in the CRL in SRM Part #2. +- DTLA Sig. on all preceding fields**: A digital signature covering all fields up to this point. +- ...**: Ellipsis indicating additional parts. +- SRM Part #N**: The Nth part of the SRM. + - Associated with **Additional generations of SRM Formats**. + - Max Size TBD. + - Lowest-priority revocations in the CRL in SRM Part #N. +- DTLA Sig. on all preceding fields**: A final digital signature covering all preceding fields. + +T0908480-99/d22 + +Diagram illustrating SRM extensibility with multiple generations of SRM formats. + +Figure III.18/J.95 – SRM extensibility + +### III.8 AV/C Digital Interface Command Set Extensions + +#### III.8.1 Introduction + +Audio/video devices which exchange content via the IEEE 1394 serial bus are typically IEC 61883 and AV/C Digital Interface Command Set compliant. It is important to review Sections A.5, A.6 and A.7 of the *Specification for AV/C Digital Interface Command Set* (General Specification) for general rules about the AV/C commands and responses. + +These specifications define the use of IEEE 1394 asynchronous packets for the control and management of devices and IEEE 1394 isochronous packets for the exchange of content. This chapter describes extensions to the AV/C command set which support the DTCP authentication and key exchange protocols. Extensions to the IEEE 1394 Isochronous packet format are described in Section A.6. + +#### III.8.2 SECURITY command + +A new Security command is defined for AV/C. This command is intended for content protection purposes including the DTCP system. The general format of the SECURITY command is as follows: + +![](dbd074feb5cce1300f42f91da8f673d1_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|------------|------------------------------|-------|-----| +| | msb | | lsb | +| Opcodes | SECURITY (0F 16 ) | | | +| Operand[0] | category | (msb) | | +| Operand[1] | category dependent field | | | +| ⋮ | | | | +| Operand[X] | (lsb) | | | + +The value of the Security Command opcode is 0F16 (Common Unit and Subunit command). + +The **category** field for the SECURITY command is defined as follows: + +| Value | category | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | Support for DTCP AKE. This command is called the AKE command. | +| 1-D 16 | Reserved for future extension | +| E 16 | Vendor_dependent | +| F 16 | Extension of category field | + +The value 0 of the **category** field specifies that this command is used to support the DTCP Authentication and Key Exchange protocols. + +The AKE command is defined for the **ctype** of CONTROL and STATUS. Devices that support the AKE command shall support both **ctypes**. + +The value E16 of the **category** field specifies that this command is used by vendors to specify their own security commands for licensed use. + +#### III.8.3 AKE command + +The destination of this command is the target device itself. Therefore the 5-bit **subunit\_type** field of an AV/C command/response frame is equal to 111112 and the 3-bit **subunit\_ID** field of the frame is equal to 1112. + +##### III.8.3.1 AKE control command + +The AKE control command is used to exchange the messages required to implement the Authentication and Key Exchange protocols. The format of this command is shown below: + +Both the AKE Command and Response frames have the same opcode and first 9 operands (operand[0-8]). The value of each field in the response frame is identical to that of the command frame except for the status and data fields. If any of the fields in the first 9 operands contain reserved values, a response of NOT\_IMPLEMENTED should be returned. + +If a given command frame includes a **data** field, the corresponding response frame does not have a **data** field. AKE control commands are used to send the information used for the authentication procedure being performed between the source and sink devices. This information is sent in the **data** field and is called AKE Info. Non-zero values in **Reserved\_zero** fields of AKE Info should be ignored. + +The **AKE\_ID** field specifies the format of the **AKE\_ID dependent** field. Currently, only the encoding **AKE\_ID** = 0 is defined. The **AKE\_ID dependent** field for this encoding is described in III.8.3.3. The other values, from 116 to F16, are reserved for future definition. + +![](2580688a4de0a29692805cc6ba4822d7_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------------|--------|-------| +| | msb | | | lsb | +| Opcodes | 0F 16 | | | | +| Operand[0] | category = 0000 2 (AKE) | | AKE_ID | | +| Operand[1] | (msb) | AKE_ID dependent field | | | +| Operand[2] | | | | | +| Operand[3] | | | | | +| Operand[4] | | | | | +| Operand[5] | AKE_label | | | | +| Operand[6] | number (option) | | status | | +| Operand[7] | blocks_remaining | | | (msb) | +| Operand[8] | data_length (lsb) | | | | +| Operand[9] | data | | | | +| : | | | | | +| Operand[8+
data_length] | | | | | + +The AKE\_label field is a unique tag which is used to distinguish a sequence of AKE commands associated with a given authentication process. The initiator of an authentication procedure can select an arbitrary value for the AKE\_label. The value selected should be different from other AKE\_label values that are currently in use by the device initiating the authentication. The same AKE\_label value will be used for all control commands associated with a specific authentication procedure between a source and sink device. The AKE\_label and source node ID of each control command should be verified to ensure that it is from the appropriate controller. + +The optional number field9 specifies the step number of a specific control command to identify its position in the sequence of control commands making up an authentication procedure. The initiator of an authentication procedure sets the value of this field to 1 for the initial AKE control command. The value is incremented for each subsequent command that is part of the same authentication process. When an AKE command must be fragmented for transmission (see the description of the blocks\_remaining field below), each fragment will use the same value for the number field. Devices that do not support this field shall set its value to 00002. + +The status field is used to notify the device issuing the command of the reason when the command results in a REJECTED response. The device issuing the command sets the value of this field to 11112. If the responding device rejects the command, it overwrites the status field with a code indicating the reason for rejection. The encoding of the status field is as follows: + +| Value | Status | Response code | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------| +| 0000 2 | No error | ACCEPTED | +| 0001 2 | Support for no more authentication procedures is currently available | REJECTED | +| 0010 2 | No isochronous output | REJECTED | +| 0011 2 | No point to point connection | REJECTED | +| 0111 2 | Any other error | REJECTED | +| 1111 2 | No information | Reserved for INTERIM a) | +| a) Reserved for future use. Response with INTERIM response code should not currently be used. | | | + +9 Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. + +The following status codes are for testing purposes only. Products shall not return these codes, but instead return 01112 (any other error) if these conditions occur. + +| Value | Status | Response code | +|-------------------|-----------------------------------------|---------------| +| 1000 2 | Incorrect command order (only for test) | REJECTED | +| 1001 2 | Authentication failed (only for test) | REJECTED | +| 1010 2 | Data field syntax error (only for test) | REJECTED | + +The `blocks_remaining` field is used when a command is larger than the maximum command frame size that the target device can receive (A device issuing a command can determine the size of data field that the target device can accept using the AKE status command). When this occurs, the `data` field is fragmented into N blocks that are sent sequentially, each in one of N separate commands, where each command is small enough to be accommodated by the target device's command buffer. At a minimum, the buffer must be able to hold a command with at least a 32-byte data field10. The size of the data field in the first N - 1 fragments shall be the same size and a multiple of 16 bytes greater than or equal to 32 bytes. + +Each of the N command frames is identical except for the values in the `blocks_remaining`, `data_length`, and `data` fields. For the first command, the `blocks_remaining` field is set to the value of N-1. In each successive command, the `blocks_remaining` field is decreased by one until it reaches zero, indicating the last command fragment. If the value of the `block_remaining` field is not correct (e.g. not in the correct order), the target should return a REJECTED response with status field of 01112 (Any other error). + +Since the size of the command and response frames cannot exceed the 512-byte limit imposed by the underlying FCP transport, the case where a command must be fragmented can only occur when a target device has a command frame buffer capacity less than 512 bytes. Typically the command's size is within the target device's command frame buffer capacity and the command is sent without fragmentation and with a `blocks_remaining` value of zero. + +When an AKE\_Info is transmitted using multiple Control Commands, a controller shall send each command only after receiving an ACCEPTED response for the previous command. + +The `data_length` field specifies the length of `data` field in bytes. Responses to a command will use the same value for their respective `data_length` fields even when the response returns no data. If a response has some data when the response code is ACCEPTED, the corresponding command will have no data but the value of the `data_length` field shall be the same as that of response. + +The `data` field contains the data to be transferred. The contents of the `data` field depend on the `AKE_ID` field and the `AKE_ID` dependent field. For responses with a response code of REJECTED, there is no data field. + +--- + +10 If future generations of System Renewability Messages (SRMM > 0) are defined which have a maximum size larger than 4096 bytes, new devices will be required to support an increase in the minimum buffer size. + +##### III.8.3.2 AKE status command + +The format of the AKE status command is as follows: + +| msb | | lsb | | +|------------|--------------------------------------------------|-----|--------| +| Opcode | 0F 16 | | | +| Operand[0] | category = 0000 2 (AKE) | | AKE_ID | +| Operand[1] | (msb)

AKE_ID dependent field

(lsb) | | | +| Operand[2] | | | | +| Operand[3] | | | | +| Operand[4] | | | | +| Operand[5] | FF 16 | | | +| Operand[6] | F 16 | | status | +| Operand[7] | 7F 16 | | (msb) | +| Operand[8] | data_length (lsb) | | | + +Both the Command and Response frames have the same structure. The values of each field of the command and response frames are identical except for the AKE\_ID dependent, status, and data\_length fields. + +The AKE\_ID field specifies the format of the AKE\_ID dependent field. The AKE\_ID dependent field for this encoding will be described in III.8.3.3. Currently, only the encoding of AKE\_ID = 0 is defined. The other values, from 116 to F16 are reserved for future definition. + +The status field is used by a device to query the state of another device. When the command is issued, the value of this field is set to 11112. In the response, the target device overwrites this field with a value indicating its current situation. + +| Value | Status | Response code | +|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------| +| 0000 2 | No error | STABLE | +| 0001 2 | Support for no more authentication procedures is currently available | STABLE | +| 0010 2 | No isochronous output | STABLE | +| 0011 2 | No point to point connection | STABLE | +| 0111 2 | Any other error | STABLE | +| 1111 2 | No information a) | REJECTED | + +a) It is recommended that implementers not use the "No information" response. + +The following status codes are for testing purposes only. Products shall not return these codes, but instead return 01112 (any other error) if these conditions occur. + +| Value | Status | Response code | +|-------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------| +| 1001 2 | Authentication failed (only for test) | STABLE | + +The *data\_length* field specifies the target device's maximum *data* field capacity in bytes. When the status command is issued, the value of this field is set to 1FF16. In the response, the target device overwrites this field with a value indicating its current situation. The minimum value to be supported is 02016 (32 bytes). + +##### III.8.3.3 AKE\_ID dependent field (AKE\_ID = 0) + +When AKE\_ID = 0, the format of the AKE\_ID dependent field is as follows: + +| | msb | lsb | +|------------|-----|-----------------------| +| Operand[1] | | subfunction | +| Operand[2] | | AKE_procedure | +| Operand[3] | | exchange_key | +| Operand[4] | | subfunction_dependent | + +The *subfunction* field specifies the operation of control commands. The most significant bit of the *subfunction* field indicates whether the control command has data or not. + +- If the *MSB* is 0, that command has some data and the *data\_length* field indicates its length. +- If the *MSB* is 1, that command has no data and the *data\_length* field indicates the length of the data field in response frame whose response code is ACCEPTED. + +The subfunctions are fully described in the DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA. The following table summarizes the six subfunctions that are currently defined: + +| Value | Subfunction | Comments | +|------------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 01 16 | CHALLENGE | Send random value. This subfunction when sent from a sink device initiates the AKE procedure. | +| 02 16 | RESPONSE | Return data computed with the received random value. | +| 03 16 | EXCHANGE_KEY | Send an encrypted Exchange Key ( Kx ) to the authenticated contents-sink device. | +| 04 16 | SRM | Send SRM to a device that has an outdated or smaller SRM. | +| C0 16 | AKE_CANCEL | Notify a device that the current authentication procedure cannot be continued. | +| 80 16 | CONTENT_KEY_REQ | Request the data required for making Content Key ( Kc ). | + +For status commands, the value of the subfunction field shall be set to FF16. + +Each bit of the AKE\_procedure field corresponds to one type of authentication procedure, as described in the table below. + +| Bit | AKE_procedure | +|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 (lsb) | Restricted Authentication procedure (rest_auth) | +| 1 | Enhanced Restricted Authentication procedure (en_rest_auth) (Note 1) | +| 2 | Full Authentication procedure (full_auth) | +| 3 | Extended Full Authentication procedure (Note 2) (ex_full_auth, optional) (Note 3) | +| 4-7 (msb) | Reserved for future extension and shall be zero | + +NOTE 1 – Source devices that support the Full Authentication procedure shall verify the device certificate of the sink device and examine the SRM even in Restricted Authentication. This authentication procedure is referred to as Enhanced Restricted Authentication in this subclause. + +NOTE 2 – Devices that support extended device certificates use the Extended Full Authentication procedure described in this subclause. + +NOTE 3 – Features of this specification that are labelled as "optional" describe capabilities whose usage has not yet been established by the DTLA. + +For the control command, the initiator of an authentication procedure sets one bit in this field to specify which type of authentication will be performed. The value of the field then remains constant through the rest of that authentication procedure. + +For the status command, the initiator shall set the initial value of this field to FF16. The target will overwrite the field, clearing the bits that indicate the authentication procedures that the target does not support as a source device. For example, if a source device supports both Full Authentication and Enhanced Restricted Authentication, the values of the AKE\_procedure field would be set to 0616. + +Sink devices should investigate which authentication procedures a source device supports using the status command prior to starting the authentication protocol. The following table shows how to select the appropriate authentication procedure: + +| Authentication Procedure Supported by the Sink Device \ Authentication Procedure Supported by the Source Device | Rest_auth and En_rest_auth | Rest_auth and Full_auth | Rest_auth, Full_auth, and Ex_full_auth | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------|---------------------------|----------------------------------------| +| Rest_auth | Restricted Authentication | Restricted Authentication | Restricted Authentication | +| En_rest_auth and Full_auth | Enhanced Restricted Authentication | Full Authentication | Full Authentication | +| En_rest_auth, Full_auth, and Ex_full_auth | Enhanced Restricted Authentication | Full Authentication | Extended Full Authentication | + +Each bit of the `exchange_key` field corresponds to one (or more) key(s) as described in the table below: + +| Bit | exchange_key | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 (lsb) | Exchange Key(s) for Copy-never content [requires Full or Extended Full Authentication (Note)] | +| 1 | Exchange Key for Copy-one-generation content (any authentication acceptable) | +| 2 | Exchange Key for No-more-copies content (any authentication acceptable) | +| 3-7 (msb) | Reserved for future extension and shall be zero | +| NOTE – If Extended Full Authentication is used, all Exchange Keys for mutually support optional ciphers will be sent following the completion of Full Authentication. | | + +For the control command, the sink device sets the value of this field at the start of an authentication procedure to specify which Exchange Key(s) will be supplied by the source device after the successful completion of the procedure. For Full Authentication any bit can be set. For Restricted Authentication, only one bit for Copy-one-generation or No-more-copies shall be set. This field remains constant for the remainder of the authentication procedure except when the `EXCHANGE_KEY` subfunction is performed. + +For the status command, the initiator shall set $FF_{16}$ in this field, and target shall clear every bit of the field that corresponds to an Exchange Key that the target cannot supply. + +For example, if target can supply three keys that correspond to bit0 through bit2 in the table above, the value of the `exchange_key` field will be set to $07_{16}$ . + +A sink device should decide which key(s) it will require by getting this information in advance of the authentication procedure. + +The definition of the `subfunction_dependent` field varies. The DTCP Specification available under license from the DTLA describes the definitions for control commands. For status commands the value of this field is set to $FF_{16}$ for both the command and response frames. + +#### III.8.4 Bus reset behaviour + +If the source device continues to transmit content on an isochronous channel following a bus reset, the same Exchange Keys and Content Keys shall be used as were in use prior to the reset. + +If a bus reset occurs during an authentication procedure, both the source and sink devices shall immediately stop the authentication procedure. Following the reset, the Source Node ID (SID) field in the CIP header may have changed requiring the sink device to restart the authentication procedure using the new SID. + +#### III.8.5 Action when unauthorized device is detected during authentication + +After returning an `ACCEPTED` response to an initiator of a command, the target examines the AKE information. If the target determines that the initiator is an unauthorized device, then the target shall immediately stop the AKE procedure without any notification. + +#### III.8.6 Authentication AV/C command flows + +Figures III.19 and III.20 illustrate the AV/C command flows used for Full and Enhanced Restricted/Restricted Authentication. + +##### III.8.6.1 Figure notation + +Solid lines indicate command/response pairs that are always performed. + +Dashed lines indicate command/response pairs that are performed on a conditional basis. + +##### III.8.6.2 Full Authentication command flow + +![Sequence diagram showing the Full Authentication command flow between a Source and a Sink. The flow includes AKE status, CHALLENGE, RESPONSE, EXCHANGE_KEY, SRM, and CONTENT_KEY_REQ subfunctions.](7d929ba1b7d09ea8e00b9e7abbbe50c9_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant Source + participant Sink + Note right of Sink: AKE status command + Source-->>Sink: AKE status command + Sink-->>Source: AKE status response + Note right of Sink: CHALLENGE subfunction + Source-->>Sink: CHALLENGE subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Note right of Sink: AKE status command + Source-->>Sink: AKE status command + Sink-->>Source: AKE status response + Note right of Sink: CHALLENGE subfunction + Source-->>Sink: CHALLENGE subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Note right of Sink: RESPONSE subfunction + Source-->>Sink: RESPONSE subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Note right of Sink: RESPONSE subfunction + Source-->>Sink: RESPONSE subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Note right of Sink: EXCHANGE_KEY subfunction(s) + Source-->>Sink: EXCHANGE_KEY subfunction(s) + Sink-->>Source: response(s) + Note right of Sink: SRM subfunction(s) + Source-->>Sink: SRM subfunction(s) + Sink-->>Source: Response(s) + Note right of Sink: CONTENT_KEY_REQ subfunction + Source-->>Sink: CONTENT_KEY_REQ subfunction + Sink-->>Source: Response with data +``` + +T0908490-99/d23 + +Sequence diagram showing the Full Authentication command flow between a Source and a Sink. The flow includes AKE status, CHALLENGE, RESPONSE, EXCHANGE\_KEY, SRM, and CONTENT\_KEY\_REQ subfunctions. + +Figure III.19/J.95 – Full Authentication command flow + +##### III.8.6.3 Enhanced restricted/Restricted Authentication command flow + +![Sequence diagram showing the Enhanced restricted/Restricted Authentication command flow between a Source and a Sink.](9cd85f266cdb1fb3ad544eb3dd3bd5e4_img.jpg) + +``` +sequenceDiagram + participant Source + participant Sink + Note right of Sink: T0908500-99/d24 + Source->>Sink: AKE status command + Sink-->>Source: AKE status response + Source->>Sink: CHALLENGE subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Source->>Sink: AKE status command + Sink-->>Source: AKE status response + Source->>Sink: CHALLENGE subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Source->>Sink: RESPONSE subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Source->>Sink: EXCHANGE_KEY subfunction + Sink-->>Source: response + Source->>Sink: CONTENT_KEY_REQ subfunction + Sink-->>Source: Response with data +``` + +The diagram illustrates the command flow between a Source and a Sink. The sequence of messages is as follows: + +- The Source sends an **AKE status command** to the Sink. +- The Sink responds with an **AKE status response**. +- The Source sends a **CHALLENGE subfunction** to the Sink. +- The Sink responds with a **response**. +- The Source sends another **AKE status command** to the Sink. +- The Sink responds with an **AKE status response**. +- The Source sends a **CHALLENGE subfunction** to the Sink. +- The Sink responds with a **response**. +- The Source sends a **RESPONSE subfunction** to the Sink. +- The Sink responds with a **response**. +- The Source sends an **EXCHANGE\_KEY subfunction** to the Sink. +- The Sink responds with a **response**. +- The Source sends a **CONTENT\_KEY\_REQ subfunction** to the Sink. +- The Sink responds with a **Response with data**. + +T0908500-99/d24 + +Sequence diagram showing the Enhanced restricted/Restricted Authentication command flow between a Source and a Sink. + +Figure III.20/J.95 –Enhanced Restricted/Restricted Authentication command flow + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.1-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.1-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..66412856f54ae0b24854202e8f031f6a04b88ee0 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.1-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a7cafe25d563af62a326eb0e9930129524893e0fb16cb431aacd25f8ed54ed31 +size 7392 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.1-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/V/T-REC-V.1-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3c1a60fc458a9626ce02babbca48e6b100eb284b --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.1-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + +![ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt symbol.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt symbol. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +## V.1 + +# DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK --- + +## EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN BINARY NOTATION SYMBOLS AND THE SIGNIFICANT CONDITIONS OF A TWO - CONDITION CODE + +### ITU-T Recommendation V.1 + +(Extract from the *Blue Book*) + +--- + +### NOTES + +1 ITU-T Recommendation V.1 was published in Fascicle VIII.1 of the *Blue Book*. This file is an extract from the *Blue Book*. While the presentation and layout of the text might be slightly different from the *Blue Book* version, the contents of the file are identical to the *Blue Book* version and copyright conditions remain unchanged (see below). + +2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +### Recommendation V.1 + +## EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN BINARY NOTATION SYMBOLS AND THE SIGNIFICANT CONDITIONS OF A TWO-CONDITION CODE + +*(New Delhi, 1960; amended at Geneva, 1964 and 1972)* + +Binary numbering expresses numbers by means of two digits normally represented by the symbols 0 and 1. Transmission channels are especially well suited to the transmission of signals by a modulation having two significant conditions (two-condition modulation). These two significant conditions are sometimes called "space" and "mark" or "start" and "stop", or they may be called condition A or condition Z [1]. + +It is very useful to make the two conditions of a two-condition modulation correspond to the binary digits 0 and 1. Such equivalence will facilitate the transmission of numbers resulting from binary calculation, the conversion of codes for binary numbers and of codes for decimal numbers, maintenance operations and relations between transmission personnel and the personnel in charge of data-processing machines. + +At first sight, it does not seem to matter whether the symbol 0 corresponds in transmission to condition A or condition Z, the symbol 1 then corresponding to condition Z or condition A or vice versa. + +In telegraphy, however, when a telegraphic communication is set up and the sending of signals is stopped (called the idle condition of the line), the signal sent over the line consists of condition Z throughout the suspension of transmission. + +It is logical (and for certain VF telegraph systems also essential) to use the same rule in data transmission. During the "idle periods" of transmission, condition Z should be applied to the circuit input. + +Data transmission on a circuit is often controlled by perforated tape. On perforated tapes used for telegraphy, condition Z is represented by perforation. When binary numbers are represented by means of perforations, it is customary to represent the symbol 1 by a perforation. It is therefore logical to make this symbol 1 correspond to condition Z. + +For these reasons, the CCITT + +*unanimously declares the following view:* + +- 1** In transmitting data by two-condition code, in which the digits are formed using binary notation, the symbol 1 of the binary notation will be equivalent to condition Z of the modulation, and the symbol 0 of the binary notation will be equivalent to condition A of the modulation. +- 2** During periods when there is no signal sent to the input of the circuit, the circuit input condition is condition Z. +- 3** If perforation is used, one perforation corresponds to one unit interval under condition Z. +- 4** In accordance with Recommendation R.31, the sending of symbol 1 (condition Z) corresponds to the tone being sent on a channel using amplitude modulation. +- 5** In accordance with Recommendation R.35, when frequency modulation is used, the sending of symbol 0 corresponds to the higher frequency, while the sending of symbol 1 corresponds to the lower frequency. +- 6** + - a) For phase modulation with reference phase: +the symbol 1 corresponds to a phase equal to the reference phase; +the symbol 0 corresponds to a phase opposed to the reference phase. + +- b) For differential two-phase modulation where the alternative phase changes are 0 degree or 180 degrees: +the symbol 1 corresponds to a phase inversion from the previous element; +the symbol 0 corresponds to a no-phase inversion from the previous element. + +7 A summary of equivalence is shown in Table 1/V.1. + +TABLE 1/V.1 + +### **Summary of equivalence** (see Note 1) + +| | Digit 0
"Start" signal in start-stop code
Line available condition
in telex switching
"Space" element of start-stop code
Condition A | Digit 1
"Stop" signal in start-stop code
Line idle condition
in telex switching (Note 2)
"Mark" element of start-stop code
Condition Z | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Amplitude modulation | Tone-off | Tone-on | +| Frequency modulation | High frequency | Low frequency | +| Phase modulation with
reference phase | Opposite phase to the reference phase | Reference phase | +| Differential two-phase
modulation where the
alternative phase changes
are 0 degree or 180 degrees | No phase inversion | Inversion of the phase | +| Perforations | No perforation | Perforation | + +*Note 1* - The standardization described in this Recommendation is general, whether over telegraph-type circuits or over circuits of the telephone type, making use of electromechanical or electronic devices. + +*Note 2* - It primarily applies to anisochronous use. + +## **Reference** + +- [1] CCITT Definition: *Position A; position Z*, Vol. X, (Terms and Definitions). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.10-199303-I_PDF-E/2ba086df3506f81bae3a9b53725dcfea_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.10-199303-I_PDF-E/2ba086df3506f81bae3a9b53725dcfea_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1c177be1430b2a8a679db0ecdfaae9f7e6cf50d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.10-199303-I_PDF-E/2ba086df3506f81bae3a9b53725dcfea_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid 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a/marked/V/T-REC-V.120-199610-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/V/T-REC-V.120-199610-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1caf2bd1c6a99ee3786fc03849c6d9fbb9e76dd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.120-199610-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1765 @@ + + +![ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.120 + +(10/96) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Interworking with other networks + +--- + +**Support by an ISDN of data terminal equipment +with V-Series type interfaces with provision for +statistical multiplexing** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.120 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS **DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +- 1 – General +- 2 – Interfaces and voiceband modems +- 3 – Wideband modems +- 4 – Error control +- 5 – Transmission quality and maintenance +- 6 – Interworking with other networks** + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). + +ITU-T Recommendation V.120 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 14 (1993-1996) and was approved by the WTSC (Geneva, October 9-18, 1996). + +# --- NOTE + +1. In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. +2. The status of annexes and appendices attached to the Series V Recommendations should be interpreted as follows: + - an *annex* to a Recommendation forms an integral part of the Recommendation; + - an *appendix* to a Recommendation does not form part of the Recommendation and only provides some complementary explanation or information specific to that Recommendation. + +© ITU 1997 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 Application..... | 1 | +| 2.1 General..... | 1 | +| 2.2 Connectivity..... | 2 | +| 2.3 Protocol architecture..... | 3 | +| 2.4 Operation over restricted transport capabilities ..... | 4 | +| 3 Terminal adaption protocol ..... | 4 | +| 3.1 Formats ..... | 5 | +| 3.2 Procedures ..... | 7 | +| 4 Data link control protocol ..... | 11 | +| 4.1 Data link control modes of service ..... | 11 | +| 4.2 Data link connection verification procedures ..... | 11 | +| 5 Protocol specifications for operation over Frame Mode Bearer service ..... | 12 | +| 5.1 Physical protocol ..... | 12 | +| 5.2 Data link protocol ..... | 12 | +| 5.3 Signalling protocol..... | 12 | +| 6 Protocol specifications for operation over Circuit Mode Bearer service ..... | 12 | +| 6.1 Physical protocol ..... | 12 | +| 6.2 Data link core protocol ..... | 13 | +| 6.3 Signalling protocols ..... | 14 | +| 7 Application of terminal adaption protocol to terminal adaptor functions ..... | 25 | +| 7.1 Clock synchronization ..... | 25 | +| 7.2 Asynchronous mode operation ..... | 25 | +| 7.3 Protocol sensitive synchronous mode operation..... | 26 | +| 7.4 Bit transparent mode operation..... | 27 | +| Annex A – List of variables..... | 27 | +| Annex B – Alphabetical list of abbreviations used in this Recommendation..... | 27 | +| Annex C – Support of V.42 bis data compression ..... | 29 | +| C.1 Introduction ..... | 29 | +| C.2 Negotiation/Indication of use of the V.42 bis procedure and its parameter values ..... | 29 | +| C.3 Parameters of the data link control entity ..... | 30 | +| C.4 Information fields in XID frames ..... | 30 | +| C.5 Flow control and asynchronous-break handling ..... | 32 | +| Reference..... | 33 | +| Appendix I – TE1 application ..... | 34 | +| I.1 Asynchronous mode operation ..... | 34 | +| I.2 Synchronous mode operation ..... | 34 | +| I.3 Bit transparent mode operation..... | 35 | +| I.4 TE1 control state variable processing..... | 35 | +| Appendix II – Mapping of interface at R reference point circuits to control state information ..... | 36 | +| II.1 Commonly supported interface leads..... | 36 | +| II.2 Control procedures..... | 37 | +| Appendix III – Clock synchronization ..... | 38 | + +# **SUPPORT BY AN ISDN OF DATA TERMINAL EQUIPMENT WITH V-SERIES TYPE INTERFACES WITH PROVISION FOR STATISTICAL MULTIPLEXING** + +*(Melbourne 1988, modified Geneva 1992 and 1996)* + +# **1 Scope** + +This Recommendation describes a protocol that can be used for adapting terminals with non-ISDN standard network interfaces to an ISDN. It is intended to be used between two Terminal Adaptor (TA) functional groups, between two ISDN terminal (TE1) functional groups, between a TA and a TE1, or between either a TA or TE1 and an interworking facility inside a public or private ISDN. It provides for operation: + +- a) over either circuit-mode or frame-mode connections; +- b) using either demand or semi-permanent establishment of communications; and +- c) over any of the following types of access channel: + - for circuit-mode connections: B, H0, H10 or H11; + - for frame-mode connections: B, H0, H10, H11 or D. + +This Recommendation also describes how this protocol is related to synchronous and asynchronous interface specifications using the interchange circuits defined in Recommendation V.24. It is not intended to be a functional specification for an implementation of any system containing a TE1 or TA functional group. Except as explicitly noted, it is restricted to the definition of the protocol at the user-network interface (reference points S, T or U) and the ISDN-side interface of the Interworking Function (IWF). + +The terminal adaption protocol in this Recommendation may be used in support of three classes of non-ISDN-terminal protocols. These are: + +- 1) Asynchronous (start/stop) protocols, supported using the protocol sensitive asynchronous mode; +- 2) Synchronous protocols using High-level Data Link Control procedure (HDLC) frame format, supported using the protocol sensitive synchronous mode; +- 3) Synchronous protocols, supported using the bit transparent mode. + +The use of the bit transparent mode with frame mode connections is for further study. + +# **2 Application** + +## **2.1 General** + +The protocols described in this Recommendation may be used by a TE1, TA or IWF, as illustrated in Figure 1. The formats and procedures contained in this Recommendation are defined in terms of their operation across interfaces at reference points S, T or U, or (in the case of an IWF) across interfaces that may be internal network interfaces. Where necessary to promote compatibility, the relationship between the terminal adaption protocol and existing protocols at the interface at reference point R (where present) are also described. + +## 2.2 Connectivity + +Two or more terminal adaption connections may be multiplexed across a circuit-mode bearer connection or frame-mode access connection. These connections are referred to in this Recommendation as “logical links”. Logical links supporting different modes of the terminal adaption protocol may be multiplexed across the same circuit switched bearer connection or frame-mode access connection. Constraints on the number of logical links (up to the maximum number that can be coded in the Address field) and the combinations of modes supported by a circuit switched bearer connection or frame-mode access connection are implementation dependent and are beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +The protocol sensitive modes (1 and 2 above in clause 1) of this Recommendation may be used to support dissimilar rates (i.e. when used between two TAs, the data rates at the interfaces at reference point R may be different). The use of buffering, application of the flow control protocol in this Recommendation, use of flow control procedures at the R reference point, use of discarding and other strategies for support of dissimilar rates are implementation dependent. + +Parameter exchange procedures may be defined to allow interworking between Terminal Adaptors (TAs) in an environment where multiple different TA protocols are used without requiring interworking functions within the network. Interworking between different types of TAs can be accomplished with Multiprotocol Terminal Adaptors (MTAs) that are capable of supporting more than one protocol. However, interworking functions may be used when TAs are not capable of supporting more than one protocol. + +![Diagram illustrating ISDN connection scenarios. A central ISDN block is connected to TE1 and TE2 on both sides. TE1 connects via S/T. TE2 connects via R to TA-V, which then connects to ISDN via S/T. On the right, ISDN connects via S/T to TA-V, which connects to TE2 via R. ISDN also connects via S/T/U to IWF, which connects to the national PSTN.](f6d72d7c790e7f585532140f3971639a_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR + ISDN[ISDN] + TE1L[TE1] --- S/T1[S/T] --- ISDN + TE2L[TE2] --- R1[R] --- TA-V1[TA-V] + TA-V1 --- S/T2[S/T] --- ISDN + ISDN --- S/T3[S/T] --- TA-V2[TA-V] + TA-V2 --- R2[R] --- TE2R[TE2] + ISDN --- S/TU[S/T/U] --- IWF[IWF] + IWF --- PSTN[To national PSTN] +``` + +Diagram illustrating ISDN connection scenarios. A central ISDN block is connected to TE1 and TE2 on both sides. TE1 connects via S/T. TE2 connects via R to TA-V, which then connects to ISDN via S/T. On the right, ISDN connects via S/T to TA-V, which connects to TE2 via R. ISDN also connects via S/T/U to IWF, which connects to the national PSTN. + +T1403160-97/d01 + +- TE1 ISDN data terminal equipment +- TE2 Terminal equipment (DTE with non-ISDN interfaces) +- TA-V V.120 terminal adapter supporting V-Series TE2s +- IWF Interworking function +- S/T S or T architectural reference points at which physical interfaces of concern may be implemented. +- PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network + +FIGURE 1/V.120 +ISDN connection scenarios + +## 2.3 Protocol architecture + +Figure 2 shows the protocol architecture of the U-plane, defined for the purposes of this Recommendation. The protocol defined in this Recommendation may be viewed as having the physical layer and three sublayers: the core sublayer, the data link control sublayer and the adaption sublayer. The core sublayer and the data link control sublayer are subdivisions of the data link layer (see Recommendation X.212). The adaption sublayer may also be considered a subdivision of the data link layer (though it may alternatively be viewed as a thin layer 3). This layering is in alignment with Recommendation I.233, “ISDN frame mode bearer services”. + +![](a738993919a50143787084ee7ce6e2f2_img.jpg) + +| | +|------------------------------| +| Terminal adaptation sublayer | +| Data link control sublayer | +| Data link core sublayer | +| Physical layer | + +FIGURE 2/V.120 + +### Protocol layers used in this Recommendation + +Figure 3 shows how the layering of Figure 2 maps to the frame formats of this Recommendation. + +![Diagram showing the relationship between layering and frame formats. It illustrates how higher-layer fields are encapsulated into lower-layer information fields.](0236eff05bcb8f3a343ea7933aaa306b_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD + subgraph Terminal_adaptation_field + H[H] -- CS[CS] + Header[Header] -- TA_Data[Terminal adaptation data field] + end + subgraph Data_link_control_field + C[C] -- DLC_Info[Data link control information field] + end + subgraph Data_link_core_frame + F1[F] -- A[A] -- DLC_Core_Info[Data link core information field] -- FCS[FCS] -- F2[F] + end + TA_Data -.-> DLC_Info + DLC_Info -.-> DLC_Core_Info +``` + +The diagram shows the hierarchical mapping of frame fields. At the top, the Terminal adaptation field consists of a Header (containing H and optional CS) and a Terminal adaptation data field. This entire structure maps into the Data link control information field. The Data link control field consists of a Control (C) field and the Data link control information field. This structure in turn maps into the Data link core information field. Finally, the Data link core frame consists of a start Flag (F), Address (A), the Data link core information field, Frame Check Sequence (FCS), and an end Flag (F). + +Diagram showing the relationship between layering and frame formats. It illustrates how higher-layer fields are encapsulated into lower-layer information fields. + +T1403170-97/d03 + +- F HDLC flag +- A Address +- FCS Frame Check sequence +- C Control (HDLC format) +- H Header octet (optional for bit transparent mode) +- CS Optional header extension for control state information + +FIGURE 3/V.120 + +### Relationship between layering and frame formats + +### 2.3.1 Terminal adaption sublayer + +The terminal adaption sublayer provides for transfer of data, provision for the detection of errors, and reassembly of segmented data between peer systems. It may also provide the following functions: + +- 1) segmentation; +- 2) transport of notification of error conditions detected in external protocols (i.e. at the interface at reference point R); + +- 3) transport of information related to the normal operation of external products (e.g. break for the protocol sensitive asynchronous mode, HDLC idle for the protocol sensitive synchronous mode); +- 4) support for operation with a network independent clock; +- 5) flow control; +- 6) transport of status information (which may be mapped to interchange circuits at the interface at reference point R; however, see Appendix II). + +### **2.3.2 Data link control sublayer** + +The data link control sublayer provides the procedures and formats of fields for data link layer peer-to-peer communication. The elements of procedures define the commands and responses that are used for peer-to-peer communication. + +For formats and the elements of procedures, see Recommendation Q.922. + +### **2.3.3 Data link core sublayer** + +The data link core sublayer allows for the statistical multiplexing of core information flows. + +The major core functions include: + +- framing; +- transparency; +- multiplexing using the address field; and +- error detection. + +The data link core protocol is defined in Annex A/Q.922. The data link core service is defined in Recommendation I.233.1. + +The HDLC frame at the S or T interface is referred to hereafter as the terminal adaption frame (it includes the HDLC address and control fields, the terminal adaption header and user data). + +## **2.4 Operation over restricted transport capabilities** + +Where a terminal adapter is used on an ISDN user interface for adaptation to a 64 kbit/s B-channel and the bearer capability provided by the ISDN is “restricted” 64 kbit/s, or the connection involves interworking with a 56 kbit/s network, the TA shall rate adapt to 56 kbit/s rate by using the first 7 bits of each B-channel octet and shall insert a binary ONE in the eighth bit of each B-channel octet as described in Recommendation I.464. The reverse process shall be used at a receiver. All of the procedures in this Recommendation are applicable to these transport capabilities as well as 64 kbit/s unrestricted transport capabilities. + +NOTE – In frame mode applications, the limitation, if it exists, will be in the access capability only. + +# **3 Terminal adaption protocol** + +This clause describes the terminal adaption protocol. This protocol depends upon the services of the data link control sublayer and, for the bit transparent mode, it also depends upon the services of the physical layer (clock). + +There are two categories of terminal adaption defined in this Recommendation. Protocol sensitive operation requires that the TE1, TA or IWF be able to identify the beginning and end of characters or HDLC frames, removing any idle time fill. Bit transparent operation provides for the transport of isochronous data transparently without alignment (above the bit level) of information from the interface at the R reference point within the frame transport in the bearer channel. It is particularly suited to the adaption of protocols that are not covered by the protocol sensitive modes. + +Two protocol sensitive modes are defined for the terminal adaption protocol. The asynchronous mode is intended to transport start/stop mode data. The synchronous mode is for the transport of HDLC framed data. + +## 3.1 Formats + +The terminal adaption header may contain one or two octets. The two are labelled the header (H) octet and the control state (CS) octet. + +### 3.1.1 H-header octet + +The H octet is mandatory for the protocol sensitive modes of operation, and is optional for the bit transparent mode. The format of the H octet is shown in Figure 4. Its presence in the bit transparent mode is negotiated during call setup for demand connections or by prior agreement for semi-permanent connections. + +![Figure 4: Header octet format diagram showing bit positions 1-8 and their corresponding fields: E, BR, res, res, C2, C1, B, F.](7a0db9703b68b3d06cdaeefc084c0006_img.jpg) + +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | Bit | +|---|----|-----|-----|----|----|---|---|-----| +| E | BR | res | res | C2 | C1 | B | F | | + +T1403180-97/d04 + +E            Extension bit +BR          Break/mark hold bit +C1, C2      Error control bits +B, F        Segmentation bits +res         Reserved for future standardization + +Figure 4: Header octet format diagram showing bit positions 1-8 and their corresponding fields: E, BR, res, res, C2, C1, B, F. + +FIGURE 4/V.120 +**Header octet format** + +#### 3.1.1.1 E-extension bit (bit 8) + +The E-bit is the header extension bit. It allows the extension of the header to provide additional control state information. A “0” bit indicates that a control state (CS) information octet follows (see 3.1.2). + +#### 3.1.1.2 BR asynchronous-break/HDLC-idle bit (bit 7) + +In asynchronous applications, the break bit indicates the invocation of the BREAK function by the TE2. A “1” in this bit position indicates BREAK (see 3.2.1.1 and 7.2). + +In protocol sensitive operation for synchronous HDLC applications, the BR bit is used to indicate whether an HDLC idle condition exists at the R reference point. A “1” in this position indicates that an HDLC idle condition (all binary 1s) exists. In bit transparent mode this bit is reserved and must be set to “0” on transmission and ignored on reception. + +#### 3.1.1.3 Bits 5 and 6 + +Bits 5 and 6 of the header octet are reserved and must be set to “0”. + +#### 3.1.1.4 C1, C2 error control bits (bits 3 and 4) + +Bit 3 and bit 4 of the header octet are defined as control 1 and control 2, respectively, and are used for TA error detection and transmission. + +The meanings of the C1 and C2 bits are encoded as shown in Table 1. + +TABLE 1/V.120 + +##### **Coding of C1- and C2-bits** + +| C1 | C2 | Synchronous | Asynchronous | Bit transparent | +|----|----|---------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| 0 | 0 | No error detected | No error detected | No error detected | +| 0 | 1 | FCS error
(interface at R) | Stop-bit error | Not applicable | +| 1 | 0 | Abort | Parity error on the last
character in frame | Not applicable | +| 1 | 1 | TA overrun (from interface
at the R reference point) | Both Stop-bit and parity
error | Not applicable | + +#### **3.1.1.5 B, F segmentation bits (bit 2 and bit 1)** + +The B and F bits are used for segmenting and reassembly of user HDLC frames in synchronous mode applications. Setting the B bit to “1” indicates that the Terminal Adaptor (TA) frame contains an information portion signifying the start of a message. Setting the F bit to “1” indicates the TA frame contains the final portion of the user frame. If the entire message is contained within a single TA frame then both B and F bits shall be set to “1”. A TA frame which is neither first nor last is termed a middle frame. For the asynchronous mode and the bit transparent mode these bits are set to “1”. The meaning of the B and F bits is summarized in Table 2. + +TABLE 2/V.120 + +##### **Coding of B and F bits** + +| B | F | Synchronous | Asynchronous | Bit transparent | +|---|---|--------------|----------------|-----------------| +| 1 | 0 | Begin frame | Not applicable | Not applicable | +| 0 | 0 | Middle frame | Not applicable | Not applicable | +| 0 | 1 | Final frame | Not applicable | Not applicable | +| 1 | 1 | Single frame | Required | Required | + +### **3.1.2 CS-control state octet** + +The control state information is contained in the second octet of the header when present. The format of the control state information octet is shown in Figure 5. For TAs, this field may carry physical interface control information, (see 3.2.3 for procedures). When Unnumbered Information (UI) frames are used for data transfer, this field may be used to provide for flow control (see 3.2.4.1 for flow control). The CS octet should be expected any time the H-field is present and is extended to two octets. The following shows the format of the control state information octet. For an example of the mapping of the V.24 leads, see Appendix II. See 3.2.3 for the procedures and see 3.2.4.1 for the use of the RR bit for flow control. + +#### **3.1.2.1 E-extension bit (bit 8)** + +Because the control state information octet is the second and last octet in the Header, the E bit shall be set to “1”. The receipt of a control state octet with the E bit set to “0” shall be considered an error. + +#### **3.1.2.2 Data Ready (DR) (bit 7)** + +This bit set to “1” indicates that the interface at the R reference point is activated (e.g. DTR ON). + +![](cfef993dcc8fb513de79eb1f93cf26ae_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | +|---|----|----|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | Bit | +| E | DR | SR | RR | res | res | res | res | | + +T1403190-96/d05 + +E    Extension bit +DR   Data Ready +SR   Send Ready +RR   Receive Ready +res   Reserved for future standardization + +FIGURE 5/V.120 +Control state information octet + +#### 3.1.2.3 Send Ready (SR) (bit 6) + +This bit set to “1” indicates that the TE is ready to send data. + +#### 3.1.2.4 Receive Ready (RR) (bit 5) + +This bit set to “1” indicates that the TE is ready to receive data. + +#### 3.1.2.5 Bits 4, 3, 2, 1 + +Bits 4, 3, 2, and 1 of the control state information octet are reserved and shall be set to “0”. + +### 3.1.3 Interframe time fill + +Interframe time fill at the S-interface should normally be HDLC flags. For special non-D-channel applications it may be all “1s”. On the D-channel of a basic access, the transmitted interframe time fill shall be all “1s”. + +## 3.2 Procedures + +### 3.2.1 Operating modes – General + +In order to ensure data integrity in the synchronous (HDLC) and asynchronous modes of operation, it is strongly recommended that, where practical, the multiple frame acknowledged information (“I”) transfer procedure be used. + +#### 3.2.1.1 Protocol sensitive operation in the asynchronous mode + +To send data to a peer terminal adaption protocol entity, characters shall be encapsulated in a TA frame. The parity bit, if present, may be encapsulated or omitted (except as noted in 7.2). The start and stop bits shall not be encapsulated. More than one character may be encapsulated in a TA frame. The decision to forward a TA frame is implementation dependent. The setting of the bits C1 and/or C2 to “1” shall indicate that the TA (or IWF) has detected a stop bit error and/or a parity bit error (R reference point), respectively. If either bit is set, the TA frame shall be transmitted without the encapsulation of additional characters. Similarly, the BR bit set to “1” by the terminal adaption protocol entity shall indicate a break. The TA frame shall be forwarded without encapsulating further characters. The BR bit set to “0” by the terminal adaption protocol entity shall indicate the end of a break. + +When a terminal adaption protocol entity receives a frame, it may disassemble it into characters or accumulate it into units appropriate for internal use. Handling of stop bit errors, parity errors and break is implementation specific (except that additional procedures are noted in clause 7 and Appendix I for TA functional groups and TEIs, respectively). + +#### 3.2.1.2 Protocol sensitive operation in the synchronous (HDLC) mode + +HDLC frames, including the address, control and information fields shall be encapsulated in one or (if segmentation1) and reassembly are used) more terminal adaption frames and forwarded to the peer terminal adaption protocol entity. In addition, if the unacknowledged mode of the data link control service is used, the FCS shall also be encapsulated. The C1 and/or C2 bits set according to Table 1 shall indicate that the TA functional group or IWF detected an FCS error, an HDLC abort, or an overrun (at the R interface or internal interface). When the C1 and/or C2 bits are set, the frame shall be forwarded. To indicate an HDLC idle condition (i.e. continuous marking), the terminal adaption protocol entity shall send a frame containing the BR bit set to “1”. To indicate the end of an HDLC idle condition (i.e. resumption of sending of flags), the terminal adaption protocol entity shall send a frame containing the BR bit set to “0”. + +When a terminal adaption protocol entity receives a frame, reassembly of segments may be necessary. If either or both of the C1 and C2 bits is set to “1”, the terminal adaption protocol entity may: + +- a) discard the frame and all previously received segments; +- b) abort the HDLC frame being sent across the R interface or internal (virtual) interface; or +- c) generate an incorrect FCS in the HDLC frame being sent across the R interface or internal interface. + +NOTE 1 – Support of non-octet-aligned frames is for further study. + +NOTE 2 – Alternatives b) and c) are not meaningful if the terminal adaptation protocol entity is in a TE1. + +NOTE 3 – When adapting 56 kbit/s HDLC terminals to 64 kbit/s B-channels, using unacknowledged data transfer, the value of N2120 should not exceed 64 bytes. A high probability of overflow in the direction of transmission towards the S or T interface side of a TA may occur if a large proportion of the frames are shorter than 64 bytes and there is no idle period between them. In such cases, restrictions, such as flow control of the TE2, may be necessary. + +#### 3.2.1.3 Bit transparent operation + +Bits shall be encapsulated in frames and forwarded without modification. The maximum length of individual frames shall not be greater than N201, but otherwise is implementation dependent2). Longer frames will increase transit delay attributable to terminal adaption. + +When a frame is received, the content of the data field is handled as a bit stream. A TA functional group or IWF shall not modify the bit stream. + +Use of the unacknowledged mode of the Data Link Control service is preferred for bit transparent operation, as delay variance due to retransmission of I frames might result in underrun. Bit transparent operation is for further study. + +### 3.2.2 Data field length + +The maximum number of octets in a terminal adaption data field (N2120) must be equal N201 (see 5.9.3/Q.922) minus the length of the terminal adaption header (comprising the H and optionally the CS octets). Negotiation procedures for N201 are discussed in Appendix III/Q.922. + +NOTE – The resolution of a possible conflict between the use of XID exchanges for both data link layer parameter negotiation (Appendix III/Q.922) and unacknowledged mode link verification (4.2.2) is for further study. + +### 3.2.3 CS information processing + +This subclause describes the use of the control state variables and the processing of the CS information field, when present, defined in 3.1.2. Use of the CS information field is optional (see in § 6.3.2.4.5 octet 5b, bit 7 of low layer compatibility). The procedures described below in this subclause and in its subclauses only apply if the control state information field is used. + +--- + +1) Segmentation and reassembly may reduce assembly delay associated with terminal adaption. + +2) As discussed in Appendix III, clock recovery at the receiver may depend upon frames being of uniform length and transmitted at uniform intervals. + +The terminal adaptation protocol provides for six control state variables (to be maintained by the TA protocol entity) that are related to the DR, SR, and RR indicators as follows: + +- 1) send variables DR(S), SR(S), and RR(S) – when a frame with DR, SR, and RR is transmitted, their transmitted values shall be equal to the current values of DR(S), SR(S), and RR(S), respectively; +- 2) receive variables DR(R), SR(R), and RR(R) – when a frame with DR, SR, and RR is received, the receive variables are set to the values of these indicators, respectively. + +The control state information field may be included even if control state variables are not changed. The use of the control state information field with UI frames is not recommended except for flow control as mentioned in 3.1.2. + +#### 3.2.3.1 Control state information initialization + +The first I or UI frame sent by each peer (after link initialization) shall contain the control state information octet. This exchange shall occur immediately following link verification. If the first frame does not contain the control state, the values of all of the bits should be assumed to be “1”; i.e. until a frame containing the CS bits is received, DR(R), SR(R) and RR(R) should be set to “1”. + +#### 3.2.3.2 Sending a control state information field + +A control state information field shall be sent whenever a send control state variable changes. The control state information field shall be sent in the last frame containing any of that previously queued data (received across the interface at the R reference point) prior to the control state variable change, or in a separate frame. + +The contents of the control state information octet shall be set to the state of the corresponding send control state variables. DR is set to DR(S), SR is set to SR(S), and RR to RR(S). + +#### 3.2.3.3 Receiving a control state information field + +Upon receipt of a control state information field, the control field indicators shall be compared with the receive control state variables: DR to DR(R), SR to SR(R), and RR to RR(R). The receive control state variables shall be set to their received indicator values. + +If SR(R) was “0” and the SR indicator bit in the received control state information field is “1”, then the state of RR(S) is set to state of SR(R) provided that the peer entity is not being flow controlled by use of the RR(S) state (see 3.2.4.1). + +If SR(R) was “1”, and the SR indicator bit in the received control state information field is “0”, then the RR(S) state is set to SR(R). + +NOTE 1 – Where the control state variables are used for control of the interface at the R reference point, the changes in the state of RR(S) should be consistent with one of the following: + +- 1) if received data (from peer entity) does not remain to be forwarded, then the control actions can occur immediately; +- 2) if received data (from peer entity) is incomplete (e.g. in protocol sensitive mode the final frame was not received) and DR(R) is “1”, then the incomplete message is forwarded (continued) until delivered on the interface at the reference point, at which time the control actions may occur; +- 3) if received data (from peer entity) is complete, then the received data is forwarded until delivery on the interface at the R reference point is complete, at which time the control actions should occur. + +If DR(R) was “0” and the DR indicator bit in the received control state information field is “1”, then DR(R) is set to 1. + +If DR(R) was “1” and the DR bit in the received control state information field is “0”, then DR(R) is set to “0”. + +NOTE 2 – Where the control states variables are used for control of the interface at the R reference point, the changes in the state of DR(R) should be consistent with the following: + +- 1) If the received user frame from the peer entity is incomplete, it is discarded. +- 2) If the received user frame from the peer entity is a complete user frame, then it should be delivered prior to the control actions taking place. + +### 3.2.4 Data flow control and buffering + +Strategies for buffering, forwarding and flow control are implementation dependent. This subclause describes the mechanisms in the data link control and terminal adaption protocols for asserting flow control between peer terminal adaption protocol entities. The specific protocol mechanisms are dependent on the mode of operation. + +#### 3.2.4.1 Protocol sensitive asynchronous mode + +When the multi-frame mode of the data link control protocol is used, flow control between peer terminal adaption protocol entities may be asserted by the data link control sublayer. The applicable data link control protocol mechanisms are: sending a receive not ready (RNR) frame, or withholding the update of the sequence state variable V(R). + +When the unacknowledged mode is used, flow control between peer terminal adaption protocol entities may be asserted by setting the RR bit in the control state information octet (if available). Flow control is asserted by sending a control state information field with the RR bit set to "0". The flow control condition is removed by sending a control state information field with the RR bit set to "1". Frames containing only the H and C octets may be sent even if flow control has been asserted by the peer terminal adaption protocol entity. Use of the RR bit for this purpose may be mutually exclusive from its mapping to V.24 interchange circuits required for support of half-duplex operation (see Appendix II). + +NOTE – In some applications, local flow control procedures (e.g. in the protocol used at the interface at reference point "R") may be used. The use of these procedures is implementation dependent. Examples of such procedures include signalling using V.24 interchange circuits and use of the "XOFF" and "XON" characters. + +#### 3.2.4.2 Protocol sensitive synchronous mode + +In protocol sensitive synchronous mode, overrun and underrun conditions are possible in a TA functional group (i.e. at the interface at reference point "R") or IWF (i.e. at the interface at the non-ISDN side of the IWF). Procedures at the interface at reference point "R" are described in 7.3. + +If, after transmitting one or more segments of a frame to the peer terminal adaption protocol entity, it becomes necessary to abort the transmission of the remainder of the frame, the "H" octet of the last segment to be sent shall have the B- and F-bits set to "final" (see Table 2) and the C1- and C2-bits set to "TA overrun" (see Table 1). Additional segments of the frame shall be discarded. (This procedure is intended for use by a TA functional group or IWF in the case of an overrun at the interface at reference point R, or at the interface at the non-ISDN side of the IWF, respectively. An underrun condition towards the R reference point may result in the sending of an abort or by forcing an FCS error.) + +As flow control in HDLC involves elements of procedure not supported by the terminal adaption protocol, internal overflow conditions may be handled by discarding user frames. Recovery from lost frames will be between users (e.g. between TE2s). + +#### 3.2.4.3 Bit transparent mode + +In bit transparent mode, overrun and underrun conditions may occur if buffers are inadequate and/or inappropriate clock recovery capabilities are provided. Dissimilar rates between users (e.g. TE2s) are not possible. + +NOTE 1 – Underrun conditions may be treated as the equivalent of the mark hold condition (e.g. by sending continuous marks across the interface at reference point "R"). + +NOTE 2 – If a terminal adaptation protocol entity is unable to process data to be sent to its peer (e.g. because of buffer overflow) it may discard as much data as it is unable to process. + +### 3.2.5 Parameter negotiation + +Parameter negotiation during the bearer channel establishment is in accordance with the procedures described in Recommendation Q.931 for circuit mode operation and Recommendation Q.933 for frame mode operation. During logical link negotiation, a specific value for a parameter may be requested by including the low layer compatibility information element containing the desired parameters in the SETUP message. The receiving TA may accept the requested parameter values by responding with a CONNECT message. If the receiving TA does not accept the parameter values included in the SETUP message, it may negotiate by including the desired values in a low layer compatibility information element in the CONNECT message. The originating TA may refuse the parameters received in the CONNECT message by initiating clearing with the cause number 21 "call rejected". + +# **4 Data link control protocol** + +The data link control protocol shall be according to Recommendation Q.922 for operation over either the Frame Mode Bearer service or the Circuit Mode Bearer service. + +For operation over the Frame Relay Bearer service, use of the congestion control mechanisms of Appendix I/Q.922 are recommended. + +## **4.1 Data link control modes of service** + +The data link control sublayer has two modes of service (for user information transfer): + +- 1) The Unacknowledged service is provided by exchanging exchange identification (XID) command and response frames for the optional link verification procedures described below, and using UI command frames (see Recommendation Q.922). +- 2) The Multiframe service (which supports Acknowledged and Unacknowledged transfer) is provided by exchanging Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode Extended (SABME) and Unnumbered Acknowledgement (UA) frames for link verification, and using I and UI command frames (see Recommendation Q.922). + +NOTE – In order to ensure data integrity in the synchronous (HDLC) mode of operation, it is strongly recommended that, where practicable, the multiframe acknowledged information (“I”) transfer procedure be used. + +## **4.2 Data link connection verification procedures** + +Two modes of layer 2 operations are defined: multi-frame mode and UI-frame-only mode. This subclause describes connection or link verification procedures for these modes. Connection or link verification is the procedure used by each terminal adapter (associated with a TE2 or an IWF) or TE1 to determine the existence of an end-to-end transmission path and the existence of responding equipment at the opposite end. + +In this subclause, “cut-through-indication” refers to the reception of CONNECT or CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE message. In general, to assure proper verification of a connection or link, for either multiple-frame or UI-frame-only modes, no frames shall be transmitted or received prior to the reception of a cut-through-indication. + +To reduce the possibility of transmitting to a TA that is not yet connected: + +- 1) a TA that receives a CONNECT message from the network should always transmit a frame to initiate the connection; and +- 2) a TA that receives a CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE message from the network should wait for T200 or until it receives a frame (whichever is earlier) before transmitting a frame. + +NOTE – These procedures are applicable to all logical links. + +### **4.2.1 Multiframe mode link verification** + +In multiple frame mode, the exchange of SABME/UA as defined in Recommendation Q.922 is sufficient to verify the existence of the data link. + +### **4.2.2 Unacknowledged mode (only) link verification** + +In UI-frame-only mode, after receiving a cut-through indication, the TA shall send an XID command and start timer TM20. A TA receiving the XID command shall respond with an XID response. Upon receiving the XID response, a TA must stop TM20 and may begin data transmission (link is established). + +If TM20 expires before an XID response is received, the TA shall retransmit the XID command, increment the retransmission count NM20, and restart TM20. + +If TM20 expires and the retransmission count is equal to the maximum allowable number of retransmissions, the TA may either begin data transmission or abandon the call. + +The values of TM20 and NM20 should be determined by the same considerations as the values of T200 and N200, respectively (see Appendix III/Q.922). This link verification procedure does not specify the information field of the XID frames, any coding of the information is acceptable. + +This procedure is not necessary in applications that do not require link verification. + +### **4.2.3 Collision between multiframe mode and unacknowledged mode link verification** + +When a terminal adaptor (or TE1) that has sent an SABME receives an XID command, it shall send an XID response and remain in the same state. When a terminal adaptor or TE1 that has sent an XID command receives an SABME, it shall send either a disconnected mode (DM) response or a UA response. + +# **5 Protocol specifications for operation over Frame Mode Bearer service** + +The terminal adaption protocol described in clause 3 may be supported by a Frame Mode Bearer service. Either frame mode case A or case B, as described in Recommendation Q.933, may be used. + +## **5.1 Physical protocol** + +The physical layer protocol shall be as described in Recommendation I.430 or I.431. Frame mode access connections may operate over B-channels, H0 channels, H10 channels, H11 channels or D-channels. + +## **5.2 Data link protocol** + +### **5.2.1 Data link core protocol** + +The data link core protocol shall be as described in Annex A/Q.922. Use of the congestion control procedures described in I.2/Q.922 are recommended. + +### **5.2.2 Data link protocol for frame switching** + +The data link protocol shall be as described in Recommendation Q.922. + +## **5.3 Signalling protocol** + +For demand establishment of frame mode bearer connections, the signalling protocol shall be according to Recommendation Q.933. Either case A or case B apply. + +In the low layer compatibility information element (see Recommendation Q.933), the user information layer 1 protocol (octet 5) shall be coded as "ITU-T standardized rate adaption V.120". This implies the presence of octets 5a and 5b, and, optionally, octets 5c and 5d of this information element. Coding of remaining fields and octet groups in this information element is dependent on the particular application of this Recommendation. + +# **6 Protocol specifications for operation over Circuit Mode Bearer service** + +## **6.1 Physical protocol** + +For operation over a Circuit Mode Bearer service, the physical layer shall be as described in Recommendation I.430 or I.431. This protocol applies for operation over B-channels, H0 channels, H10 channels or H11 channels. Establishment of the circuit switched bearer connection may be demand or semi-permanent. + +## 6.2 Data link core protocol + +### 6.2.1 General + +The format of the data link core frame is as shown in Figure 3. The definition of the flag sequence, transparency, frame check sequence and format conventions shall be according to Recommendation Q.922. + +### 6.2.2 Address field + +#### 6.2.2.1 LLI field + +The format of the address field is shown in Figure 6. The LLI0 and LLI1 fields may be viewed as a single 13-bit logical link identifier (LLI) field or alternatively as two separate fields. + +The LLI is considered to be the concatenation of the LLI0 field with the LLI1 field. The LLI can take on values in the range 0 to 8191. Table 3 indicates values that are reserved. + +![](36117e9cb27c58484cd8d3e5f9dc7ac3_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | +|------|---|---|---|---|---|-----|-----|------------------------------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | Bit | +| LLI0 | | | | | | C/R | EA0 | Octet 2
(Address octet 1) | +| LLI1 | | | | | | | EA1 | Octet 3
(Address octet 2) | + +T1403200-96/d06 + +LLI0 High order 6 bits of LLI +LLI1 Low order 7 bits of LLI +C/R Command/response bit +EA0 Octet 2 address extension bit – set to 0 +EA1 Octet 3 address extension bit – set to 1 +(for a 2 octet address field) + +FIGURE 6/V.120 +Address field format for circuit mode applications + +TABLE 3/V.120 +Reserved LLI values for circuit mode applications + +| LLI | Function | +|-----------|-----------------------------| +| 0 | In-channel signalling | +| 1-255 | Reserved | +| 256 | Default LLI | +| 257-2047 | For LLI assignment | +| 2048-8190 | Reserved | +| 8191 | In-channel layer management | + +#### 6.2.2.2 Address field extension bit (EA) + +The address field range is extended by using bit 1, the first transmitted bit, of the address field octets to indicate the final octet of the address field. The presence of a “1” in bit 1 of an address field octet signals that it is the final octet of the address field. + +#### 6.2.2.3 Command/response field bit (C/R) + +The C/R bit identifies a frame as either a command or a response. The C/R bit is employed symmetrically for the two directions of transmission, and is coded as shown in Table 4. + +TABLE 4/V.120 + +**Coding of C/R bit** + +| C/R | Meaning | +|-----|----------| +| 0 | Command | +| 1 | Response | + +## 6.3 Signalling protocols + +Signalling procedures are described in this subclause for the: + +- a) establishment and release of the underlying circuit-mode bearer connection; and +- b) establishment and release of logical links, multiplexed within the circuit-mode bearer connection. + +Procedures for establishment and release of circuit-mode bearer connections are required only for demand establishment of communication. + +Procedures for establishment and release of logical links are used only for demand establishment of logical links. A procedure for semi-permanent establishment of logical links is also defined. Either procedure may be used over either demand or semi-permanent circuit mode bearer connections. + +To differentiate the logical link establishment protocol from the protocols defined in Recommendation Q.931, a different protocol discriminator is used (see 6.3.2.4.1). + +### 6.3.1 Establishment of underlying circuit-switched bearer connection + +Demand establishment and release of circuit-switched bearer connections shall be done using the formats and procedures of Recommendation Q.931. + +In the SETUP message, the Bearer capability information element shall be coded to indicate circuit mode unrestricted digital information. + +The low layer compatibility information element shall be coded to indicate circuit mode, unrestricted digital information with ITU-T standardized rate adaption V.120. If Annex M/Q.931 is to be used, the negotiation indicator (octet 5a) shall be coded as “out-band negotiation possible”. If the procedures of 6.3.2 are supported, LLI negotiation (octet 5b) shall be coded as “LLI negotiation”; otherwise, it shall be coded as default LLI = 256 only. Remaining fields in the Low layer compatibility (LLC) information element shall be coded to indicate the particular values to be used with the default LLI = 256. + +### 6.3.2 Establishment of logical links + +When an underlying circuit-switched bearer connection is established, a logical link identified by LLI = 256 is established at the same time. Additional Data Link Connection Identifiers (DLCIs) may be established by prior agreements between peer entities. + +Logical link negotiation procedures may be carried out by means of user information messages in Q.931 call associated temporary signalling connection on the ISDN D-channel, or by means of logical link zero within the bearer channel using Q.931 elements of procedure (i.e. either UI or I frames). The choice of methods is a terminal equipment option and is partially determined by the availability of end-to-end ISDN signalling capability. The optional establishment of logical links between equipment that support different options may be possible. + +The logical link establishment protocol operates over a logical link reserved for its use, identified by LLI = 0. This protocol uses either the multiframe mode (preferred) or unacknowledged mode of the Data Link Control service. No terminal adaption protocol header is used in support of this protocol. + +Data link control entities shall be designated to be either “default assignee” or “default assignor”. The default assignor shall normally assign LLIs. However, the default assignee may need to assume the role of assignor during negotiation. The assignor/assignee field (octet 5b) in the Low layer compatibility information element shall be used during establishment of logical links using this protocol. + +#### **6.3.2.1 Logical link establishment during circuit-switched bearer connection establishment** + +The first logical link established between the two data link control entities is the default LLI = 256. This is done using information provided in the LLC information element. + +In connections where end-to-end notification of low layer compatibility is not supported, the data link control entity must rely on prior agreement to configure its options. Where no prior agreement exists, it may reject an offered call, assume a default and try to work with its peer, or it may choose to negotiate the values using SETUP with LLC parameters for LLI = 256 in-band on LLI = 0. + +#### **6.3.2.2 Logical link establishment on an active circuit-switched bearer connection** + +Protocol exchanges are carried in LLI = 0 in the bearer channel. + +##### **6.3.2.2.1 LLI assignee** + +If a data link control entity is determined to be assignee, it must set the assignor/assignee field in LLC information element contained in any additional SETUP messages to “0”. + +The assignee data link control entities request additional logical links by sending a SETUP message without the LLI information element. The data link control entity receiving this SETUP message assigns a LLI by including the LLI information element in the CONNECT message. + +##### **6.3.2.2.2 LLI assignor** + +If a data link control entity is determined to be assignor, it must set the assignor/assignee field in the low-layer compatibility information element contained in any additional SETUP messages to “1”. + +The assignor data link control entities set up additional logical links by sending SETUP messages that include the LLI information element. The receiving data link control entity responds with a CONNECT message and sets up a logical link using the information provided in the SETUP message. + +##### **6.3.2.2.3 Resolution of collisions when both peers are default assignee** + +The first data link control entity initiating a request for a logical link other than the default shall assume the assignee role. The data link control entity that receives that request shall assume the assignor role. + +If both data link control entities simultaneously send SETUP message, the SETUP message containing the larger call reference (see Recommendation Q.931 for the definition of call reference) is accepted and treated in accordance with the above procedure. The response to the SETUP message with the lower call reference is a RELEASE COMPLETE message. If both SETUP messages contain the same call reference, they are both cleared with RELEASE COMPLETE messages, and the data link control entities select different call references and try again. + +#### 6.3.2.3 Messages used for logical link establishment and release + +The following messages are used for establishing logical links within a bearer channel. + +| | | +|---------------------|-----------------------------| +| Call establishment: | SETUP
CONNECT | +| Call clearing: | RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE | + +##### 6.3.2.3.1 SETUP + +This message is sent by the signalling protocol entity associated with either TA to indicate that it desires to initiate a new logical link. It must contain protocol discriminator, call reference, and message type. A Low layer compatibility information element can optionally be included in the SETUP message. A Logical link identifier information element must be included in the SETUP message if the signalling protocol entity is assigning the LLI, and not included if requesting an LLI from the other signalling protocol entity. For applications where physical interface selection is desired (e.g. at the R reference point), the sub-address information element may be used. See Table 5 for the information elements that are used in the SETUP message. + +TABLE 5/V.120 + +**SETUP message content** + +| Information element | Subclause | Type | Length | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------|--------| +| Protocol discriminator | 6.3.2.4.1 | M | 1 | +| Call reference | 6.3.2.4.3 | M | 2 | +| Message type | 6.3.2.4.2 | M | 1 | +| Logical link identifier | 6.3.2.4.6 | O
(Note 1) | 4 | +| Called party sub-address | 6.3.2.4.7 | O
(Note 2) | 2-23 | +| Calling party sub-address | | (Note 3) | 2-23 | +| Low layer compatibility | 6.3.2.4.5 | O
(Note 4) | 2-13 | +| M    Mandatory
O    Optional
NOTE 1 – Included if the calling user assigns LLI for that connection.
NOTE 2 – Included if the calling user wishes to select a specific physical interface (e.g. at the R reference point) associated with the terminal adaptor.
NOTE 3 – Included if it is desired to identify the specific physical interface (e.g. at the R reference point) associated with the terminal adaptor of the calling user.
NOTE 4 – Included when the calling user wants to pass low layer compatibility information to the caller user. | | | | + +##### 6.3.2.3.2 CONNECT + +This message is sent by the signalling protocol entity associated with the TA that has received a SETUP message to indicate that the request for establishment of an additional logical link has been accepted. It must include protocol discriminator, call reference and message type information elements. The low layer compatibility information element can optionally be included in the CONNECT message. The logical link identifier information element must be included if not included in the SETUP message, and is not included otherwise. See Table 6 for the information elements that are used in the CONNECT message. + +TABLE 6/V.120 + +###### CONNECT message content + +| Information element | Subclause | Type | Length | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|------------|--------| +| Protocol discriminator | 6.3.2.4.1 | M | 1 | +| Call reference | 6.3.2.4.3 | M | 2 | +| Message type | 6.3.2.4.2 | M | 1 | +| Logical link identifier | 6.3.2.4.6 | O (Note 1) | 4 | +| Low layer compatibility | 6.3.2.4.5 | O (Note 2) | 2-13 | +| M Mandatory
O Optional
NOTE 1 – Included if the called is assigning LLI.
NOTE 2 – Included to allow the called user to negotiate low layer compatibility information with the calling user. | | | | + +##### 6.3.2.3.3 RELEASE + +The RELEASE message is used to indicate that the signalling protocol entity associated with the TA intends to release the call reference and the logical link, and that the signalling protocol entity receiving this message must release the logical link and prepare to release the call reference after sending a RELEASE COMPLETE. This message must contain protocol discriminator, call reference, message type, and optionally cause information elements. See Table 7 for the information elements that are used in the RELEASE message. + +TABLE 7/V.120 + +###### RELEASE message content + +| Information element | Subclause | Type | Length | +|---------------------------|-----------|------|--------| +| Protocol discriminator | 6.3.2.4.1 | M | 1 | +| Call reference | 6.3.2.4.3 | M | 2 | +| Message type | 6.3.2.4.2 | M | 1 | +| Cause | 6.3.2.4.4 | O | 2-4 | +| M Mandatory
O Optional | | | | + +##### 6.3.2.3.4 RELEASE COMPLETE + +The RELEASE COMPLETE message is sent to acknowledge that the signalling protocol entity associated with the TA sending the message has released the logical link and call reference. This message must contain protocol discriminator, call reference, and message type and optionally cause information elements. See Table 8 for the information elements that are used in the RELEASE COMPLETE message. + +TABLE 8/V.120 + +**RELEASE COMPLETE message contents** + +| Information element | Subclause | Type | Length | +|---------------------------|-----------|------|--------| +| Protocol discriminator | 6.3.2.4.1 | M | 1 | +| Call reference | 6.3.2.4.3 | M | 2 | +| Message type | 6.3.2.4.2 | M | 1 | +| Cause | 6.3.2.4.4 | O | 2-4 | +| M Mandatory
O Optional | | | | + +#### 6.3.2.4 Information elements + +This subclause provides the format of the information elements used by the logical link negotiation procedure, and it specifies the coding of particular octets within those information elements. All other octets shown in the format of these information elements should be coded in accordance with Recommendation Q.931. + +##### 6.3.2.4.1 Protocol discriminator + +The protocol discriminator is defined in Recommendation Q.931. It shall be coded as follows: + +Bits +8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 +0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 V.120 rate adaption + +This coding is in alignment with Recommendation Q.931. + +##### 6.3.2.4.2 Message type + +The content of the message type shall be as defined in Recommendation Q.931. + +##### 6.3.2.4.3 Call reference + +The call reference shall be as defined in Recommendation Q.931. The length of the call reference shall be two octets; i.e. the length of the call reference value shall be one octet. The dummy and global call references shall not be used. + +##### 6.3.2.4.4 Cause + +The cause information element shall be as defined in Recommendation Q.931. The format of the cause information element is shown in Figure 7. Only the following cause values shall be used: + +#16 Normal call clearing +#21 Call rejected + +All other values are reserved. The optional diagnostic field may or may not be included. + +##### 6.3.2.4.5 Low layer compatibility + +The low layer compatibility information element is used within the SETUP and CONNECT message to negotiate parameters. See Figure 8 for definition of the low layer compatibility information element. + +| Bits | | | | | | | | Octet | +|--------------------------------|-------|---|---|---|---|---|---|-------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| 0 | Cause | | | | | | | 1 | +| | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | +| Information element identifier | | | | | | | | 2 | +| Length of cause contents | | | | | | | | | +| 1
ext. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | +| 1
ext. | Cause | | | | | | | 4 | + +T1403210-97/d07 + +Cause values + +16 Normal clearing + +21 Call rejected + +FIGURE 7/V.120 +Cause information element + +| Bits | | | | | | | | Octet | | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------|----------------------|------------|----------------------------|--|--|--|--|--| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | +| 0 | Low layer compability | | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | +| | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | | | | | | | +| Information element identifier | | | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | +| Length of the LLC information element contents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1
ext. | Coding standard | | Information transfer capability | | | | | 3 | | | | | | +| 0/1
ext. | Transfer mode | | Information transfer rate | | | | | 4 | | | | | | +| 0/1
ext. | 0 1
Layer 1 identifier | | User information layer 1 protocol | | | | | 5 a) | | | | | | +| 0/1
ext. | Synchronous
Asynchronous | Negotiation | User rate | | | | | 5a a)
(Note) | | | | | | +| 0/1
ext. | Hdr/
No Hdr | Multiframe | Mode | LLI
Negotiation | Assignor
Assignee | In-band/
Out-band | 0
Spare | 5b a)
(Note) | | | | | | +| 0/1
ext. | Number of stop bits | | Number of data bits | | Parity | | | 5c a)
(Note) | | | | | | +| 1
ext. | Duplex mode | Modem type | | | | | | 5d a)
(Note) | | | | | | +| 1
ext. | 1 0
Layer 2 identifier | User information layer 2 protocol | | | | | | 6 a) | | | | | | +| 1
ext. | 1 1
Layer 3 identifier | User information layer 3 protocol | | | | | | 7 a) | | | | | | + +a) This field is optional. + +T1403220-97/d08 + +NOTE – This octet is present only if octet 5 indicates rate adaptation. + +FIGURE 8/V.120 +Low layer compatibility information element + +The coding of the fields in the octets of the LLC information element is as follows: + +###### *Coding standard (octet 3)* + +| | | +|------------|----------------------------------------------| +| Bits | | +| 7 6 | | +| 0 0 | ITU-T standardized coding as described below | + +###### *Information transfer capability (octet 3)* + +| | | +|------------------|----------------------------------| +| Bits | | +| 5 4 3 2 1 | | +| 0 1 0 0 0 | Unrestricted digital information | +| 0 1 0 0 1 | Restricted digital information | + +###### *Transfer mode (octet 4)* + +| | | +|------------|----------| +| Bits | | +| 7 6 | | +| 0 0 | Reserved | + +###### *Information transfer rate (octet 4)* + +| | | +|------------------|----------| +| Bits | | +| 5 4 3 2 1 | | +| 0 0 0 0 0 | Reserved | + +###### *User information layer 1 protocol (octet 5)* + +| | | +|------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| Bits | | +| 5 4 3 2 1 | | +| 0 1 0 0 0 | Terminal adaption (this Recommendation) | + +This implies the presence of octets 5a, 5b, as defined below, and optionally octets 5c and 5d. + +###### *Synchronous/asynchronous (octet 5a)* + +| | | +|----------|--------------| +| Bit | | +| 7 | | +| 0 | Synchronous | +| 1 | Asynchronous | + +NOTE 1 – Octets 5c and 5d may be omitted in case of synchronous user rate except for half-duplex operation. + +###### *Negotiation (octet 5a)* + +| | | +|----------|----------| +| Bit | | +| 6 | | +| 0 | Reserved | + +NOTE 2 – This field should be treated as reserved. It should be set to “0” on transmission and ignored on reception. + +###### *User rate (octet 5a)* + +| | | +|------------------|-------------| +| Bits | | +| 5 4 3 2 1 | | +| 0 0 0 0 0 | Unspecified | +| 0 0 0 0 1 | 0.6 kbit/s | +| 0 0 0 1 0 | 1.2 kbit/s | +| 0 0 0 1 1 | 2.4 kbit/s | +| 0 0 1 0 0 | 3.6 kbit/s | +| 0 0 1 0 1 | 4.8 kbit/s | +| 0 0 1 1 0 | 7.2 kbit/s | + +| | | +|-----------|------------------| +| 0 0 1 1 1 | 8.0 kbit/s | +| 0 1 0 0 0 | 9.6 kbit/s | +| 0 1 0 0 1 | 14.4 kbit/s | +| 0 1 0 1 0 | 16.0 kbit/s | +| 0 1 0 1 1 | 19.2 kbit/s | +| 0 1 1 0 0 | 32.0 kbit/s | +| 0 1 1 0 1 | 38.4 kbit/s | +| 0 1 1 1 0 | 48.0 kbit/s | +| 0 1 1 1 1 | 56.0 kbit/s | +| 1 0 1 1 0 | 0.100 kbit/s | +| 1 0 1 1 1 | 0.075/1.2 kbit/s | +| 1 1 0 0 0 | 1.2/0.075 kbit/s | +| 1 1 0 0 1 | 0.050 kbit/s | +| 1 1 0 1 0 | 0.075 kbit/s | +| 1 1 0 1 1 | 0.110 kbit/s | +| 1 1 1 0 0 | 0.150 kbit/s | +| 1 1 1 0 1 | 0.200 kbit/s | +| 1 1 1 1 0 | 0.300 kbit/s | +| 1 1 1 1 1 | 12.0 kbit/s | + +###### *Terminal adaption header/no header (octet 5b)* + +| | | +|----------|---------------------------------------| +| Bit | | +| 7 | | +| 0 | Terminal adaption header not included | +| 1 | Terminal adaption header included | + +###### *Multiple frame establishment support in logical link (octet 5b)* + +| | | +|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Bit | | +| 6 | | +| 0 | Multiple frame establishment not supported, only UI frames allowed | +| 1 | Multiple frame establishment supported | + +###### *Mode of operation (octet 5b)* + +| | | +|----------|--------------------------------------| +| Bit | | +| 5 | | +| 0 | Bit transparent mode of operation | +| 1 | Protocol sensitive mode of operation | + +###### *Logical link identifier negotiation (octet 5b)* + +| | | +|----------|------------------------| +| Bit | | +| 4 | | +| 0 | Default LLI = 256 only | +| 1 | Full LLI negotiation | + +###### *Assignor/assignee (octet 5b)* + +| | | +|----------|------------------------------------------| +| Bit | | +| 3 | | +| 0 | Message originator is "default assignee" | +| 1 | Message originator is "assignor" | + +###### *In-band/out-of-band negotiation (octet 5b)* + +| | | +|----------|-----------------------------------------------------| +| Bit | | +| 2 | | +| 1 | Negotiation is done in-band using logical link zero | + +###### *Number of stop bits (octet 5c)* + +| Bits | | +|----------|----------| +| 7 | 6 | +| 0 0 | Not used | +| 0 1 | 1 bit | +| 1 0 | 1.5 bits | +| 1 1 | 2 bits | + +NOTE 3 – If bit 7 of octet 5a is “0”, then these bits, when present, are set to “0” on transmission and ignored on reception. + +###### *Number of data bits excluding parity bit (octet 5c)* + +| Bits | | +|----------|----------| +| 5 | 4 | +| 0 0 | Not used | +| 0 1 | 5 bits | +| 1 0 | 7 bits | +| 1 1 | 8 bits | + +NOTE 4 – The number of data bits refer to the number transmitted across the interface between peer terminal adaption protocol entities. + +NOTE 5 – The character structure that may be transported between peer terminal adaption protocol entities may be no more than eight bits. Therefore, if this field is coded as “8 bits”, the parity information field shall be coded as “None”. This implies that for 8-bit character structures with parity, the parity bit shall be stripped by the sending terminal adaption protocol entity and regenerated by its peer. + +NOTE 6 – Characters that have eight data bits and no parity should be coded in the same way. + +NOTE 7 – If bit 7 of octet 5a is “0”, then these bits, when present, are set to “0” on transmission and ignored on reception. + +###### *Parity information (octet 5c)* + +| Bits | | | +|----------|-------------|----------| +| 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 0 0 0 | Odd | | +| 0 1 0 | Even | | +| 0 1 1 | None | | +| 1 0 0 | Forced to 0 | | +| 1 0 1 | Forced to 1 | | + +NOTE 8 – The parity information refers to the interface at the S, T or U reference point. + +NOTE 9 – If bit 7 of octet 5a is “0”, then these bits, when present, are set to “0” on transmission and ignored on reception. + +###### *Duplex mode (octet 5d)* + +| Bit | | +|----------|-------------| +| 7 | | +| 0 | Half duplex | +| 1 | Full duplex | + +###### *Modem type (octet 5d)* + +Bits 6-1 coded according to network specific rules. + +###### *User information layer 2 protocol (octet 6)* + +| Bits | | | | | +|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------|----------|----------|----------| +| 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 0 0 0 0 1 | Basic mode ISO 1745 | | | | +| 0 0 0 1 0 | Rec. Q.921 (I.441) | | | | +| 0 0 1 1 0 | Rec. X.25 link level | | | | +| 0 1 0 0 0 | Extended LAPB for half-duplex operation (Rec. T.71) | | | | + +| | | +|-----------|---------------------------------------| +| 0 1 0 0 1 | HDLC ARM (ISO 4335) | +| 0 1 0 1 0 | HDLC NRM (ISO 4335) | +| 0 1 1 0 0 | HDLC ABM (ISO 4335) | +| 0 1 1 0 0 | LAN logical link control (ISO 8802-2) | +| 0 1 1 0 1 | X.75 single link procedure | + +*User information layer 3 protocol (octet 7)* + +| | | +|------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Bits | | +| 5 4 3 2 1 | | +| 0 0 0 1 0 | Rec. I.451/Q.931 | +| 0 0 1 1 0 | X.25 packet level protocol | +| 0 0 1 1 1 | ISO 8208 (X.25 packet level protocol for DTE) | +| 0 1 0 0 0 | ISO 8308 (OSI connection oriented network service specific subset of ISO 8208 and Rec. X.25) | +| 0 1 0 0 1 | ISO 8473 (ISO connectionless service) | +| 0 1 0 1 0 | T.70 minimum network layer | + +##### 6.3.2.4.6 Logical link identifier + +The purpose of the logical link identifier information element is to identify a logical link within the bearer channel. The default length of this element is four octets. The logical link identifier information element is coded as shown in Figure 9. + +##### 6.3.2.4.7 Called party sub-address + +The optional called party sub-address may be included for certain applications (e.g. to select a specific TE2 behind an interface at the R reference point). This optional information element may be included in a SETUP message to select a specific TE2 or interface at the R reference point behind a terminal adapter. The called party sub-address information element is coded as shown in Figure 10. + +*Type of subaddress (octet 3)* + +| | | +|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Bits | | +| 7 6 5 | | +| 0 0 0 | Network Service Acces Point (NSAP)
(ITU-T Rec. X.213 ISO/IEC 8348 AD2) | +| 0 1 0 | User specified | + +*Odd/even indicator (octet 3)* + +| | | +|----------|--------------------------------| +| Bit | | +| 4 | | +| 0 | Even number of address signals | +| 1 | Odd number of address signals | + +NOTE – The odd/even indicator is used when the type of sub-address is “user specified” and the coding is Binary Coded Decimal (BCD). + +*Subaddress information (octet 4, etc.)* + +The NSAP (ITU-T Rec. X.213 | ISO/IEC 8348 AD2) address, shall be formatted as specified by octet 4 which contains the Authority and Format Identifier (AFI). The encoding is made according to the “preferred binary encoding” as defined in ITU-T Rec. X.213 | ISO/IEC 8348 AD2. + +For a user-specified sub-address, the field is encoded according to the user specification, subject to a maximum length of 20 octets. When interworking with X.25 networks, BCD coding should be applied. + +#### 6.3.2.5 Logical link control procedures + +These optional procedures define the method for negotiating logical links other than the default (LLI = 256). For set-up and clearing of the bearer channel, the procedures described in Recommendation Q.931 must be followed. + +| Bits | | | | | | | | Octet | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|-------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | +| Logical link identifier
Information element identifier | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | +| Length of logical link identifier contents | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | +| Logical link identifier (high order 6 bits)
Spare | | | | | | | | | +| 1
ext. | Logical link identifier (low order 7 bits) | | | | | | | 4 | + +T1403230-97/d09 + +FIGURE 9/V.120 +Logical link identifier information element + +| Bits | | | | | | | | Octet | +|------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------|---|---|----------|---|---|---|-------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | +| Called party sub-address
Information element identifier | | | | | | | | | +| Length of called party sub-address identifier | | | | | | | | 2 | +| 1
ext. | Type of sub-address | | | Odd/even | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | +| Sub-address information
Spare | | | | | | | | 4 | + +T1403240-97/d10 + +etc. + +FIGURE 10/V.120 +Called party sub-address information element + +##### 6.3.2.5.1 Logical link establishment + +A logical link may be established by either signalling protocol entity by sending a SETUP message. + +If the signalling protocol entity sending the SETUP message assigns the LLI, the SETUP message must also include the assigned LLI value for the logical link. + +If the signalling protocol entity does not assign the LLI, it must not include the LLI information element in the SETUP message. In this case the LLI is assigned by the receiving TA by including an LLI information element in the CONNECT message. + +A signalling protocol entity may request a logical link by sending a SETUP message, setting timer T303, and entering “call initiated” state. + +If no response to the SETUP message is received before the first expiry of timer T303, the SETUP message must be retransmitted and timer T303 restarted. After the second expiry of timer T303, the “null” state is entered. + +A signalling protocol entity receiving the SETUP message must send a CONNECT message and enter the “active” state if able; otherwise, it must send a RELEASE COMPLETE message and enter the “null” state. + +When the initiating signalling protocol entity receives the CONNECT message, it must stop timer T303, and enter the “active” state. + +##### **6.3.2.5.2 Logical link release** + +Either signalling protocol entity may request clearance of a logical link by sending a RELEASE message, setting timer T308, and entering “release request” state. + +When a signalling protocol entity receives a RELEASE message, it must release the logical link, send a RELEASE COMPLETE message, release the call reference, and enter the “null” state. + +When the signalling protocol entity initiating a RELEASE receives RELEASE COMPLETE message, it must stop timer T308, release the logical link, release the call reference, and enter the “null” state. + +If the signalling protocol entity initiating the RELEASE does not receive a RELEASE COMPLETE message before the first expiry of timer T308, the RELEASE message must be retransmitted and timer T308 restarted. If RELEASE COMPLETE message is not received before timer T308 expires for the second time, the TA must release the logical link, release the call reference, and enter the “null” state. + +If both signalling protocol entities simultaneously request to clear the same logical link by sending RELEASE messages, both must stop timer T308, release the logical link, release the call reference, and enter the “null” state. + +NOTE – This procedure cannot be applied to the default logical link (LLI = 256), as this logical link has no call reference associated with it. + +# **7 Application of terminal adaption protocol to terminal adaptor functions** + +This clause provides additional information concerning application of the protocol defined in clause 3 to a Terminal Adaptor Functional Group. This clause provides information required for interoperation between a terminal adaptor and a TE1, IWF or another TA. However, specific design details are implementation dependent. + +## **7.1 Clock synchronization** + +The specific method for clock synchronization (circuit mode applications) is implementation dependent. See Appendix III for a discussion. + +## **7.2 Asynchronous mode operation** + +The options to be used in this mode are specified and negotiated using octets 5b, 5c and 5d of the Low layer compatibility information element. See 6.3.2.4.5. + +### **7.2.1 Processing of characters received from the TE2** + +When adapting character oriented data streams, a sequence of characters without start or stop bits shall be encapsulated in accordance with the following: + +- 1) parity, when used, is checked; +- 2) the parity bit shall be removed if the code being used is an 8-bit code, otherwise passed as part of the octet; +- 3) when codes using fewer than 8 bits (including parity) are used, the octet containing a character is padded with “0s” in the higher order bits. The low order bit of a character is the first bit of the octet containing it. + +The resulting data is placed in data fields of frames, with the segmentation bits B and F set to “1”. The data is placed in frames ordered so that it is transmitted to the peer entity in the order it was received. + +Frames may be sent based on a timer, after a certain frame size, after a carriage return, etc. However, the forwarding mechanism used is an implementation issue and may vary. + +If a BREAK is detected, a frame with the BR bit set in the header shall be transmitted in the same frame or after all queued characters have been sent. The C1 and C2 bits should be set to “0”. + +If a parity error is detected on a character of data being queued for encapsulation the C1 bit is set to “1”, and the frame sent following any frames already queued for transmission. Thus, setting of the C1 bit to “1” indicates that the last character in the frame in which the C1 bit is set to “1” was received by the TA with a parity error. When a stop/start protocol is used at the interface at the R reference point, and a stop bit error is detected on a character of data being queued for encapsulation the C2 bit is set to “1”, and the frame sent following any frames already queued for transmission. Thus, setting of the C2 bit to “1” indicates that a stop bit error was detected by the TA immediately following the last character contained in the frame in which the C2 bit was set to “1”. + +### **7.2.2 Processing of frames received from the peer terminal adaption protocol entity** + +The TA shall perform the following processing on frames received from peer terminal adaption protocol entity: + +- 1) If the number of data bits in the character structure is less than 8, and the parity of characters received from the peer Terminal Adaption protocol entity is the same as that expected by the TE2, characters shall be sent to the TE2 without further processing. +- 2) If the character structure contains 8 data bits, or if the parity of characters received from the peer terminal adaption protocol entity is different from that expected by the TE2, a parity bit shall be calculated for each character and appended before sending to the TE2. +- 3) If a stop bit error is indicated in the H octet, the action of the TA is implementation dependent. +- 4) If a parity error is indicated in the H octet, the TA may force a parity error in the last character of the frame, or may take other implementation-dependent action. +- 5) If a break is indicated in the H octet, the TA shall, after sending all of the characters in the frame to the TE2, send a break to the TE2. +- 6) Characters to be transmitted shall be framed by the number of start bits and stop bits expected by the TE2. + +## **7.3 Protocol sensitive synchronous mode operation** + +### **7.3.1 Processing of frames received from the TE2** + +Service data units (user frames) containing HDLC address, control, and information field when applicable (and FCS when UI frames are used for encapsulation) are segmented, if necessary, with each segment preceded by the header. Segmentation shall be such that no frame transmitted to the peer terminal adaption protocol entity (across the interface at the S, T, or U reference point) has an information field longer than N201 octets. The data is placed in frames ordered so that it is transmitted to the peer entity in the order it was received. + +If only one segment is required, the header shall indicate both the beginning segment and the final segment in the “B” bit and the “F” bit. If more than one segment is required, the header of the first segment shall indicate the “begin” segment and the last segment of the message shall indicate the “final” segment. All intermediate segments shall have both “begin” and “final” segment indicators set to “0”. + +The C1 and C2 bits shall be used as follows: + +- 1) C1 set to “0” and C2 set to “1” indicate that a bit error was detected in the HDLC message being transmitted in the sequence of segments; +- 2) C1 set to “1” and C2 set to “0” indicate that the user frame being transmitted in the sequence of segments has been aborted; +- 3) C1 and C2 set to “1” indicate that an overrun has occurred towards the interface at the S/T/U reference point as described above in 3.2.1.2. + +If an HDLC idle condition (i.e. continuous marking) is received from the TE2, a frame with the BR bit in the H octet set to “1” shall be transmitted. The BR bit may be set to “1” in the last segment of a previous frame, or in a frame containing no user data. When the end of the HDLC idle condition is received, a frame with the BR bit of the H octet set to “0” shall be transmitted. + +### 7.3.2 Processing of frames received from the peer terminal adaption protocol entity + +The following processing shall be performed on the data received: + +- 1) The header shall be checked as follows: + - a) if the “begin” segment bit is “1” and the previous segment did not have the “final” segment bit set to “1”, then the previous user frame shall be aborted; + - b) if the “begin” segment bit is “0” and there is no user frame currently in progress, the segment will be discarded; + - c) if the C1 or C2 error bit is “1”, then the segment will be discarded and the user frame in progress will be invalidated (e.g. aborted or sent with an incorrect FCS). +- 2) In the case when UI frames are used for encapsulation, the FCS received in the data stream may be examined and the appropriate action taken, if the FCS is not examined, it shall be passed on as the FCS of the reconstructed user frame. + +If an underrun occurs toward the R reference point, then the frame being sent shall be treated as described in 3.2.1.2. + +If the BR bit is “1”, then an HDLC idle condition is generated after processing the received data. The HDLC idle condition shall be maintained until a frame is received with its BR bit set to “0”. + +## 7.4 Bit transparent mode operation + +A synchronous data stream is broken into fixed size blocks and these blocks are sent to the peer terminal adaption protocol entity (over the interface at the S, T, or U reference point) in the same order that they were queued. The received data is removed from the frames and processed in the same order as received. + +The terminal adaption header must be used in bit transparent mode if it is necessary to transmit the control state information. When the terminal adaption header is used in this mode, C1 and C2 bits must both be set to “0” (no error), B and F bits must both be set to “1”, and the reserved bits and the BR bit must be set to “0”. + +If an underrun occurs toward the R reference point, then the procedures described in 3.2.1.3 shall be followed. + +For unique applications, the contents of a frame received with an FCS error may be processed. + +# Annex A + +## List of variables + +To be provided in the future. + +# Annex B + +## Alphabetical list of abbreviations used in this Recommendation + +| | | +|-----|---------------------------------| +| AFI | Authority and Format Identifier | +| BCD | Binary Code Decimal | +| C/R | Command/response field bit | + +| | | +|-------|-------------------------------------------| +| CD | Data channel receive signal line detector | +| CS | Control State | +| CTS | Ready for sending | +| DCE | Data Circuit-terminating Equipment | +| DLCI | Data Link Connection Identifier | +| DM | Disconnected Mode | +| DR | Data Ready | +| DSR | Data Set Ready | +| DTE | Data Terminal Equipment | +| DTR | Connect data set to line (108/1) | +| DTR | Data Terminal Ready (108/2) | +| EA | Address field extension bit | +| FCS | Frame Check Sequence | +| FDX | Full duplex | +| HDLC | High-level Data Link Control procedure | +| HDX | Half duplex | +| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network | +| IWF | Interworking Function | +| LLC | Low Layer Compatibility | +| LLI | Logical Link Identifier | +| MTA | Multiprotocol Terminal Adaptor | +| NSAP | Network Service Access Point | +| RC | Receiver signal element timing (DCE) | +| RD | Received Data | +| RI | Calling Indicator | +| RNR | Receive Not Ready | +| RR | Receive Ready | +| RTS | Request to Send | +| SABME | Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode Extended | +| SG | Signal Ground | +| SR | Send Ready | +| TA | Terminal Adaptor | +| TC | Transmitter signal element timing (DCE) | +| TD | Transmitted Data | +| UA | Unnumbered Acknowledgement | +| UI | Unnumbered Information | +| XID | Exchange identification | + +# Annex C + +## Support of V.42 *bis* data compression + +## C.1 Introduction + +This Annex describes additional procedures to allow negotiation of the use of V.42 *bis* data compression and its associated parameter values. In addition or as an alternative, it allows the negotiation of manufacturer-specific procedures and parameter values. + +The support of these procedures in an implementation of V.120 is optional. When they are supported, the state of the protocol at the time a logical link is established shall be that V.42 *bis* or manufacturer-specific procedures are not in use. + +In an implementation supporting multiple logical links, the use or not of V.42 *bis* or manufacturer-specific procedures may be negotiated individually for each logical link. + +The extension to V.120 described in this Annex is applicable only to the protocol sensitive asynchronous mode of operation. In this Annex, it is mandatory that the data link layer shall operate using the multiple frame acknowledged information transfer procedure. + +NOTE – It is intended that any extension to V.42 *bis* (or a new Recommendation) that supports synchronous protocols using the HDLC frame format or specifies alternative compression algorithms should also apply to this Recommendation. + +## C.2 Negotiation/Indication of use of the V.42 *bis* procedure and its parameter values + +### C.2.1 General + +In order to commence operation in V.42 *bis* data compression mode, a Terminal Adaptor (TA) shall initiate procedures using XID frames to negotiate/indicate the use of V.42 *bis* data compression and its associated parameter values with the remote TA. This procedure shall take place immediately after the error-corrected logical link has been set up using an SABME/UA exchange. The TA that initiates the SABME/UA exchange shall also initiate the XID exchange. + +NOTE – This is the TA that receives a CONNECT message when a logical link is set up (see 4.2). For operation over a circuit mode bearer service, the CONNECT message associated with the default logical link (LLI = 256) is the one received when the circuit mode bearer connection is established. + +The subsequent use of an XID exchange to change the V.42 *bis* parameter values after data transmission has commenced is for further study. + +Upon completion of the negotiation/indication process, the affected parameter values/procedure settings shall be recorded. + +No sequence numbers are contained within the control field of an XID frame and the P/F bit is set to 0. The address field contains the LLI value for the logical link concerned. + +In the following subclauses, the procedure at each TA is described in terms of passing L-SETPARM primitives between the data link control entity for a particular logical link and a control function which is associated with the management of the TA. The procedure commences with the control function at the initiating TA issuing an L-SETPARM request primitive. + +### C.2.2 Negotiation/indication procedure + +Upon receipt of an L-SETPARM request primitive, the data link control entity shall transmit an XID command frame. The information field of this frame shall be used to convey the parameters/procedures to be negotiated/indicated to the remote data link control entity. Timer TM20 shall then be started and the retransmission counter reset. + +On receipt of an XID command frame used for parameter/procedure negotiation/indication, the data link control entity shall issue an L-SETPARM indication primitive to its control function, passing it the contents of the information field. + +On receipt of an L-SETPARM response primitive from its control function, a data link control entity shall return the indicated parameter values/procedure settings in the information field of an XID response frame. + +On receipt of an XID response frame used for parameter/procedure negotiation/indication, the data link control entity shall stop timer TM20 and inform its control function by an L-SETPARM confirm primitive of the values contained in the information field. + +### C.2.3 Procedure on expiry of timer TM20 + +If timer TM20 expires before receipt of the XID response frame, the data link control entity shall: + +- retransmit the XID command as above; +- restart timer TM20; and +- increment the retransmission counter. + +Should the retransmission counter equal NM20 when the timer expires, the data link control entity shall notify the control function that the negotiation/indication procedure did not complete. + +It should be noted that this situation can arise from three circumstances: + +- a) the recipient of the XID command frame does not implement the procedures described in this Annex and has ignored the request to operate with data compression; +- b) the recipient of the XID command frame has processed it and transmitted an XID response frame, perhaps multiple times, with the responses being corrupted and discarded; +- c) all the XID command frames have been corrupted and discarded. + +There is no way in which the sender of the XID command frame can distinguish between these situations and there are two alternative courses of action: + +- a) Continue operation without data compression on the assumption that, because of the low error rate of the digital circuits used, the situation a) is much more likely than the others. This course of action carries with it the risk that if, in fact, frames were lost, the parameters of the peer V.42 *bis* data compression entities may be different, resulting in loss or corruption of user data. +- b) Clear the connection and attempt to re-establish it but without attempting to negotiate V.42 *bis* data compression. This has the possible disadvantage that in the case of the default logical link (LLI = 256) operating over a circuit mode bearer service, the only way to clear the logical link is to clear the circuit mode bearer connection itself. + +The value of TM20 is defined in C.3.1 and NM20 in C.3.2. + +## C.3 Parameters of the data link control entity + +### C.3.1 Acknowledgement timer (TM20) + +The acknowledgement timer governs the amount of time that a data link control entity will wait for an acknowledgement before resorting to other action (e.g. transmitting a frame). The two error-correcting entities associated with an error-corrected connection may operate with a different value of TM20. Appendix III/Q.922 proposes a value of 2.5 seconds for an XID exchange. + +### C.3.2 Maximum number of retransmissions (NM20) + +NM20 governs the maximum number of times that a data link control entity will re-attempt a procedure requiring a response. The two data link control entities associated with an error-corrected connection may operate with a different value of NM20. Appendix III/Q.922 proposes a value of 3 for an XID exchange. + +## C.4 Information fields in XID frames + +### C.4.1 General + +The general structure of the information field of an XID frame is based on the encoding in ISO/IEC 8885 and is shown in Figure C.1 below. The information field is composed of a number of subfields. These subfields are a format identifier subfield, zero or more data link layer subfields and, possibly, a user data subfield. + +When an octet encoding is shown for any of the subfields, it is shown with the right-most bit being the low-order bit and the bit transmitted first. + +#### **C.4.1.1      Format identifier subfield** + +The Format Identifier (FI) subfield is one octet in length and is the first octet of the information field of the XID frame. In general, the FI is encoded such that it can designate 128 different formats standardized by ISO and 128 different formats defined by users. Each ISO-standardized format is associated with a different FI value. The only such format defined at this time is the “general purpose” format. + +#### **C.4.1.2      Data link layer subfields** + +Data link layer subfields are used to specify various data link layer characteristics, such as operational parameters. In terms of Figure C.1, a data link layer subfield consists of a Group Identifier (GI) one octet in length, a Group Length (GL) two octets in length, and a parameter field (whose length is given by GL). The parameter field, in turn, is similarly decomposed into one or more sets of a Parameter Identifier (PI), a Parameter Length (PL), and a Parameter Value (PV) (the parameter length, however, is only one octet in length). + +The data link layer subfields, if present, follow each other in ascending order of their GI values. + +In this annex, a data link layer subfield is used to negotiate the use of the V.42bis protocol and the values of its parameters. + +#### **C.4.1.3      User data subfield** + +A GI has been defined to specify a user data subfield used in conjunction with the “general purpose” FI. This subfield, which, when present, follows all data link layer subfields, does not contain a GL. (See Figure C.1.) The subsequent information is bounded by the frame’s FCS field. + +In this Annex, the user data subfield is used to carry manufacturer-specific information. It is divided into sets of PIs, PLs, and PVs. + +![Diagram showing the general format of the XID information field. The XID frame consists of Flag, Address, Control, Format identifier subfield, Data link layer subfield (one or more), User data subfield, FCS, and Flag. The Data link layer subfield is expanded to show Group identifier (GI), Group length (GL), and Parameter field. The Parameter field is further expanded to show Parameter identifier (PI), Parameter length (PL), Parameter value (PV), and other parameters.](05d8710f69c476939295486ab1440350_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the structure of an XID frame and its information field. At the top, a horizontal double-headed arrow spans the width of the frame, labeled "XID frame". Below this, another horizontal double-headed arrow is labeled "XID information field". The frame is represented as a sequence of fields: Flag, Address, Control, Format identifier subfield, Data link layer subfield (one or more), three dots, User data subfield, FCS, and Flag. A callout box expands the "Data link layer subfield" into three components: Group identifier (GI), Group length (GL), and Parameter field. A second callout box expands the "Parameter field" into a sequence of fields: Parameter identifier (PI), Parameter length (PL), Parameter value (PV), three dots, PI, PL, and PV. The text "T1403250-97/d11" is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Diagram showing the general format of the XID information field. The XID frame consists of Flag, Address, Control, Format identifier subfield, Data link layer subfield (one or more), User data subfield, FCS, and Flag. The Data link layer subfield is expanded to show Group identifier (GI), Group length (GL), and Parameter field. The Parameter field is further expanded to show Parameter identifier (PI), Parameter length (PL), Parameter value (PV), and other parameters. + +FIGURE C.1/V.120 +**General format of XID information field** + +### **C.4.2 Encoding for negotiation/indication of parameter values and optional procedures** + +The information field shall be encoded as specified below. Fields that are not recognized by the recipient are ignored. + +#### **Format identifier subfield** + +For negotiation/indication of parameter values and optional procedures, the FI subfield shall be encoded as “10000010” to indicate the ISO-standardized “general purpose” FI. + +#### **Data link layer subfields** + +Only one of the data link layer subfields specified in ISO/IEC 8885 shall be used in conjunction with this Annex. This is the “private parameter negotiation subfield” which has a GI value of “11110000”. + +The length of the subfields (GL) is dependent on the actual information to be transmitted. + +Each item to be negotiated and/or indicated is identified by a PI. Table C.1 shows each item together with its PI and PL values. + +#### **User data subfield** + +The user data subfield may be present independently of whether negotiation and/or indication is performed. This subfield has a GI value of “11111111”. + +The only parameter within this subfield defined in this Annex is a “manufacturer ID”. This parameter shall be identified by a PI value of “11111111”. The encoding of the associated PV subfield is manufacturer-specific. The high-order bit of the first octet of the PV field is used as follows: + +- bit = 0: Manufacturer IDs not assigned by ITU-T; +- bit = 1: ITU-T-assigned manufacturer IDs (the assignment of these identifiers is for further study). + +When receiving a manufacturer ID that is not recognized, the manufacturer ID field is ignored. + +NOTE – An example of the use of this subfield would be to negotiate a manufacturer's proprietary data compression protocol. + +## **C.5 Flow control and asynchronous-break handling** + +### **C.5.1 Flow control** + +In order to exploit fully the increase in throughput offered by the use of data compression, it is necessary to operate the terminal adaptor's user interface at a bit rate higher than that of the logical link. However, since the actual compression ratio will vary with the type of data, it is recommended that flow control as specified in 7.3.1/V.42 should be used at the user interface. + +### **C.5.2 Asynchronous-break handling** + +In the normal operation of the protocol sensitive asynchronous mode, the terminal adaption header carries information concerning error conditions at the TA's user interface, together with optional flow control information (UI frame operation only). Breaks and data are handled in sequence as follows. When a break is detected, the BR bit in the TA header is set to 1 and the frame is forwarded without assembling further characters (3.2.1.1). When a frame with the BR bit set is received, the receiving entity outputs any data contained within the frame to the TE and then follows this with a break (7.2.2). In a similar way parity and stop-bit errors cause immediate forwarding of the frame, the C1 and C2 bits indicating that there is an error in the last character in the frame. + +The addition of V.42 *bis* data compression introduces compression and decompression entities between the user interfaces and the frame assembly and disassembly processes, thus complicating the data and break sequencing. This leads to two methods of handling breaks and error conditions. + +TABLE C.1/V.120 + +#### **Parameter/procedures associated with the “private parameter negotiation” subfield** + +| PI | | PL | Parameter | Note(s) | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|----|-------------------------------------------------|---------| +| Decimal | Binary | | | | +| 0 | 00000000 | 4 | Parameter set identification | 1 | +| 1 | 00000001 | 1 | V.42 bis : Data compression request (P0) | 2 | +| 2 | 00000010 | 2 | V.42 bis : Number of codewords (P1) | 2, 3 | +| 3 | 00000011 | 1 | V.42 bis : Maximum string length (P2) | 2, 3 | +|

NOTE 1 – This parameter shall always be the first parameter present in the “private parameter negotiation” subfield. Its PV value shall be the octets “01010110”, “00110001”, “00110010”, “00110000” (the IA5 characters for “V120”).

NOTE 2 – Parameters P0, P1 and P2 operate together to specify whether data compression will be used and, if so, to specify the parameters associated with the procedure. The presence of P0 shall indicate a request for data compression for the direction(s) indicated. In a subsequent XID exchange, the absence of a parameter shall indicate that its previously negotiated value shall remain unchanged. This subsequent use is for further study.

For P0, its PV value indicates the direction for which data compression is requested; PV is encoded as “000000nn” where nn indicates:

  • – 00: compression in neither direction (default);
  • – 01: negotiation initiator-responder direction only;
  • – 10: negotiation responder-initiator direction only;
  • – 11: both directions.

NOTE 3 – Parameter values for these items shall be encoded in binary. Within an octet, the first bit transmitted shall be the lowest-order bit. Where multiple octets are needed to express a parameter value, the first octet transmitted shall contain the higher-order bits.

| | | | | + +#### **C.5.2.1 Break handling with sequence preservation** + +Following detection of a break, a C-FLUSH request primitive is sent to the compression entity. This causes string matching to terminate the dictionary to be updated and the FLUSH codeword (and any necessary padding bits) to be output (see 7.9/V.42 *bis*). All outstanding data is then passed to the frame assembly function, the BR bit is set in the TA header, and the frame transmitted. + +At the receiver, the contents of the frame are processed according to clause 8/V.42 *bis* and after the last data character has been output, a break condition is output to the TE interface. Parity and stop-bit errors can be signalled in a similar manner using the FLUSH codeword in association with the C1 and C2 bits + +#### **C.5.2.2 Break handling without sequence preservation** + +Following detection of a break, the BR bit is set in the next frame which is transmitted according to the normal forwarding criteria. The receiver is therefore aware that a break has occurred but it is unable to place it accurately in the data sequence. The usefulness or otherwise of signalling parity and stop-bit errors using the C1 and C2 bits using this approach is for further study. + +## **Reference** + +- ISO/IEC 8885:1993, *Information Technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) procedures – General purpose XID frame information field content and format.* + +# Appendix I + +## TE1 application + +The protocols and procedures defined in this Recommendation may be used for data transport by TE1s as well as Terminal Adaptor (TAs). In the TE1 case, the interface at the R reference point is effectively replaced by a virtual interface within the TE1 to a higher layer entity. This Appendix describes some aspects of the application of this Recommendation in TE1s. + +## I.1 Asynchronous mode operation + +### I.1.1 Transmission onto the ISDN channel + +The B, F bits are set to “1”, and the C1 and C2 bits in the header are set to “0”. The data to be transmitted is segmented as required, and each segment is appended to the header before transmission. + +If a BREAK is received from the next higher layer, a frame with the BR bit set to “1” in the header, shall be transmitted at the earliest opportunity following data queued for transmission. + +### I.1.2 Reception from the ISDN channel + +Processing of received data is as follows, based on the values of the C1 and C2 bits in the header: + +- 1) if the C1 bit and C2 bits are both set to “0”, the received characters are forwarded to the next higher layer without error indication; +- 2) if the C1 bit is set to “1”, then a parity error indication is forwarded to the next higher layer with the characters received; the parity error applies to the last character in the frame; +- 3) if the C2 bit is set to “1”, then a stop-bit error is forwarded to the next higher layer with the characters received; the error occurred immediately following the last character in the frame. + +If the BR bit is set to “1” in the header of the received frame, then a BREAK indication is forwarded to the next higher layer after all data queued has been forwarded. + +## I.2 Synchronous mode operation + +In order to communicate properly with a TE2, as described in 3.2.1.2, the messages passed to and received from the higher layer should include the HDLC address and control field to be used over the remote TE2-to-TA HDLC connection, but do not include HDLC flags, FCS or inserted “0”s. The HDLC address and control field will be contained in the information field of the frames received and transmitted by the TE1. The procedures described are for the case in which acknowledged data transfer is used. The procedures for unacknowledged data transfer are not described. + +### I.2.1 Transmission on to the ISDN channel + +The user frame length is compared with N2120 (see 3.2.2). The message is processed depending on its length as follows: + +- 1) If the message length is less than or equal to N2120, then the entire message is appended behind the header and both the B and F bits are set to “1”. The resulting segment is then transmitted. +- 2) If the message length is greater than N2120, the first N2120 octets are appended to the header, with the B bit set to “1” and the F bit set to “0”. The resulting segment is then transmitted. + - a) If the remaining portion of the message is greater in length than N2120, the next N2120 octets are appended to the header with both the B and F bits set to “0”. The resulting segment is then transmitted. + - b) If the length of the remaining portion of the message is less than or equal to N2120, then the remaining portion of the message is appended to the header with the F bit set to “1” and the B bit set to “0”. The resulting segment is then transmitted. + +The C1 and C2 bits are normally set to “0”. + +### **I.2.2 Reception from the ISDN channel** + +Any messages that were segmented at the transmit end are reassembled as indicated by the B and F header bits. The header of a received frame shall be checked for error conditions as follows: + +- 1) If the “begin” segment bit is “1” and the previous segment did not have the “final” segment bit set to “1”, then the previous user frame shall be aborted. +- 2) If the “begin” segment bit is “0” and there is no message currently in progress, the segment shall be discarded. +- 3) If the C1 or C2 error bit is “1” then the segment will be discarded and the message in progress will be discarded. + +If a frame is received with the BR bit set to “1” in the header, then the TE1 management entity shall be notified of an HDLC idle condition sent from the far end. The TE1 management entity is not notified of termination of the HDLC idle condition until a frame is received with the BR bit in its header set to “0”. + +When a message has been reassembled, it is passed to the next higher layer. + +## **I.3 Bit transparent mode operation** + +### **I.3.1 Transmission on to the ISDN channel** + +The transmitting entity accepts data from the process using its services, segments the data into segments of fixed length at most N2120, and transmits that data within data fields of frames to its peer entity. The length of transmitted interframe time fill is adjusted so that the average data transmission rate matches the rate selected during the call establishment. + +### **I.3.2 Reception from the ISDN channel** + +The receiving entity, upon receiving a frame from its peer entity, checks the FCS and if the FCS is valid, passes any data contained in the frame to the process using its services. If the FCS is not valid, the entity may, on an application specific basis, discard the data contained in the errored frame or pass that data, with or without error indication, to the process using the services of the entity. + +## **I.4 TE1 control state variable processing** + +This subclause describes the use of the control state variable and the processing of the control state information field, when present, defined in 3.2.3. Use of the control state information field is optional. The procedures described below in this subclause and in its subclauses only apply if the control state information field is used. + +In TE1 applications, the six control state variable DR(S), SR(S), RR(S), DR(R), SR(R), and RR(R) have the following meanings: + +- 1) For sending DR – DR(S) state variable: indicates that the sending TE1 is powered up and connected for communication. +- 2) For receiving DR – DR(R) state variable: indicates that the far end TE1 is powered up and connected for communication. +- 3) For sending SR – SR(S) state variable: indicates that the sending TE1 is ready to send frames. +- 4) For receiving SR – SR(R) state variable: indicates that the far end TE1 is ready to send frames. +- 5) For sending RR – RR(S) state variable: indicates that the TE1 is ready to receive frames. +- 6) For receiving RR – RR(R) state variable: indicates that the far end TE1 is ready to receive frames. + +The following subclauses describe the procedure for control state variable processing in a TE1 using this Recommendation. Note that the control states in a TE1 as described above are essentially analogous to those in a TA as described in 3.1.2. Thus, the TE1 control state variables processing described below is completely compatible with that described in 3.2.3 for a TA. + +### **I.4.1 Control state variable initialization** + +The first I or UI frame sent by each peer shall contain the control state information octet. This exchange shall occur immediately following link initialization. + +### **I.4.2 Sending a control state information octet** + +A control state information Octet should be sent whenever a send control state variable changes. A Send control state variable shall change with a change to the state of the TE1 or a change to a Receive control state variable. A frame containing the control state information octet shall be sent following any queued data for the interface at the S or T reference point. + +The control state information field is sent in the last frame assembled when the control state change occurs, or in a separate frame. + +The contents of the control state information octet is set to the state of the corresponding send state variables. DR is set to DR(S), SR is set to SR(S) and RR is set to RR(S). + +### **I.4.3 Receiving a control state information octet** + +Upon receipt of a control state information octet, the control field is checked with the receive control state variables: DR to DR(R), SR to SR(R) and RR to RR(R) if the peer entity is not being flow controlled by the use of the RR(R) state. Notification is made to the TE1 management entity. + +If SR(R) was “1” and the SR bit in the Receive control state information octet is “0”, then the RR(S) state is set to SR(R), consistent with one of the following: + +- 1) If received data (from the peer entity) does not remain to be forwarded (no message in progress), then the control actions can occur immediately. +- 2) If received data (from the peer entity) is incomplete (e.g. in protocol sensitive mode the final frame was not received) and DR is “1”, the incomplete message is forwarded with indication made to the TE1 management entity. +- 3) If received data (from the peer entity) is complete, the message is forwarded and the notification of the TE1 management entity occurs. + +If RR(R) and the RR bit in the received control field differ, notification is made to the TE1 management entity. + +If DR(R) was “0” and the DR bit in the received control field is “1”, notification is made to the TE1 management entity. + +If DR(R) was “1” and the DR bit in the received control field is “0”, then notification is made to the TE1 management entity consistent with the following: + +- 1) If received data from the peer entity is incomplete, it is discarded. +- 2) If received data from the peer entity is a complete message, then it should be forwarded until completion prior to the control actions taking place. + +# **Appendix II** + +## **Mapping of interface at R reference point circuits to control state information** + +The control of interface leads is not specified in this Recommendation. It is only necessary that the control provided conform to the requirements of the particular interface at the R reference point supported (e.g. as specified in Recommendation V.24 and ISO 2110). The following guidelines are provided to illustrate a suitable procedure. + +## **II.1 Commonly supported interface leads** + +The V.24 interface leads that would be expected to be commonly supported are shown in Table II.1 as an example. + +The leads that would be used to provide maintenance functionality are not listed because the associated functionality in this Recommendation is for further study. + +TABLE II.1/V.120 + +### **Interface name abbreviation** + +| Circuit function/Name | Abbreviation | Circuit number | +|-------------------------------------------|--------------|----------------| +| Signal ground | SG | 102 | +| Transmitted data | TD | 103 | +| Received data | RD | 104 | +| Request to send | RTS | 105 | +| Ready for sending | CTS | 106 | +| Data set ready | DSR | 107 | +| Connect data set to line | DTR | 108/1 | +| Data terminal ready | DTR | 108/2 | +| Data channel receive signal line detector | CD | 109 | +| Transmitter signal element timing (DCE) | TC | 114 | +| Receiver signal element timing (DCE) | RC | 115 | +| Calling indicator | RI | 125 | + +## II.2 Control procedures + +For call origination, the response to DTR is a function of whether the TA is configured for manual or automatic call origination. Generally calls/links are not originated until DTR is ON. In response to DTR ON, DSR may be turned ON. However, it may be more consistent with the original intent of DSR to delay its ON condition until after an indication that a channel has been assigned (e.g. SETUP ACKNOWLEDGE) is received. + +Generally calls/links are not accepted unless the called TA has at least one free port (interface at the R reference point or TE2) on which DTR (108/2) has been turned ON [however, it is permissible, where RI is implemented, for DTR (108/2) to be normally OFF but turned ON in response to calling indicator (RI) ON condition]. After receiving a cut-through indication, the TA must turn DSR ON if it is not yet turned ON. + +### II.2.1 TE2 operating in duplex (FDX) mode + +The control state information octet is not used for control of interface leads with TE2s operating in the full duplex (FDX) mode. In the duplex mode, this field is used for providing flow control capability when UI frames are used to carry data as described in 3.2.4. + +The TE2 may respond to DSR ON by turning ON RTS. After receiving a cut through indication and completing the link initialization, the TA may turn ON CD and unclamp RD (CTS, if implemented, may be turned ON at this point or any time afterwards). When RD is unclamped, the TA shall send the appropriate idle code (continuous marks or flags) to the TE2. + +### II.2.2 TE2 operating in half duplex (HDX) mode + +For half duplex (HDX) operation of the TE2, the called TE2 may turn ON RTS at any time after the TA has turned ON DSR. This is analogous to the operations of half-duplex modems where the called DTE turns ON RTS. When a calling/called relationship cannot be established, a glare condition, due to both ends turning RTS ON, may occur. The resolution of glare in such cases is for further study. + +In response to RTS ON, after completing connection or link initialization, the TA must transmit a control state information octet with SR bit set to “1”. After having established the link, the TA that receives SR equal to “1”, must turn ON CD, unclamp RD, send the appropriate idle code to the TE2, and send a control state information octet with RR bit set to “1” to the far-end TA. After having initialized the link, the TA that receives RR equal “1” must turn CTS ON. + +Once a TE2 completes transmitting data, it drops RTS. In response, the TA drops CTS and transmits a control state information octet with SR bit set to “0”. Upon receiving a control state information octet with SR bit set to “0”, a TA that has CD ON drops CD and sends a control state octet with RR bit set to “0”. When CD is dropped, the TE2 may turn RTS ON (see the previous paragraph for the procedure that follows). + +# **Appendix III** + +## **Clock synchronization** + +Figure III.1 shows two DTE/DCE configurations and their respective clock synchronization. + +In the first case, the TA is providing the clocks to the DTE or DCE. In the second case, the DCE provides the transmit clock to the TA for data to the DTE, and the TA at the DTE end provides the receive clock to the DTE for this same data. + +There are three alternative strategies that can be used for clock tracking. The first is to use the data buffers as clock variance buffers by having buffers absorb the accumulating clock variance. In this case, no special clock tracking is performed. If the buffer is completely depleted, underrun occurs causing an error on the synchronous interface at the R reference point. Buffer space overrun can also happen, causing an error. However, the buffer accumulation or depletion to the point of overrun or underrun due to clock error is a slow process and is predictable in the worst case within the ITU-T clock tolerance of 100 parts per million. The second strategy is for the clocks at both ends to be synchronized to the network. This strategy solves the problem but is not applicable to case 2. + +A third strategy is to monitor the buffer state as data is being received from the interface at the S/T reference point in the TA that is providing the receive clock to the DTE. This strategy monitors the rate of data flow at this interface by checking the buffer state when a new frame is received and adjusts the clock rate/phase accordingly. For a given logical link, the nominal frame size must be kept constant for the duration of the connection. Signals at the interface at the R reference point, including timing signals, must conform to the applicable synchronous signal quality requirements. These requirements limit the permitted jitter and the magnitude of phase adjustment steps required for clock rate adjustments. + +For asynchronous application, the first strategy (no clock correction) should be sufficient. Clock tolerance is compensated for by stop-bit interval adjustment. For these applications a clock tolerance of +1% to -2.5% is permissible. Underrun is not possible and buffering in the TA should be sufficient to avoid overrun. + +For synchronous mode application, appropriate buffer set-up and management using no clock correction should be sufficient. Any clock tolerance error should be compensated for through adjustments in interframe intervals. + +For bit transparent mode applications, continuous data does not allow for buffer resynchronization. For case 2, the frames are read into a buffer at the receiving TA and are clocked out to the TE2 by a time source derived in the TA. If the data is clocked out at the rate transmitted, each frame should fill the receive buffer to precisely the same level. If the rate is low, the fill level should increase and provide an indication that the clock rate must be increased and vice versa. + +In some implementations, the clock adjustments might be in the form of repeated small adjustments in the phase of the clock, which would be derived from the ISDN network clock. Where the TE2 is tolerant of large phase steps, the process may be simple. + +![Diagram of Case 1: Receive clock tracks transmit clock via data or system synchronization.](798679874d1c29f8343506a156c79d7e_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two communication endpoints connected by a dashed line. The left endpoint consists of a box labeled 'DTE' connected to a box labeled 'TA'. Below this endpoint is a left-pointing arrow labeled 'RC Receive Clock'. The right endpoint consists of a box labeled 'TA' connected to a box labeled 'DTE or DCE'. Below this endpoint is a right-pointing arrow labeled 'TC Transmit Clock'. + +Diagram of Case 1: Receive clock tracks transmit clock via data or system synchronization. + +*Case 1* – Receive clock tracks transmit clock via data or system synchronization. + +![Diagram of Case 2: Receive clock tracks DCE receive clock via data.](834fb96b114b8fdc001625e1ae28e8b1_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows two communication endpoints connected by a dashed line. The left endpoint consists of a box labeled 'DTE' connected to a box labeled 'TA'. Below this endpoint is a left-pointing arrow labeled 'RC Receive Clock'. The right endpoint consists of a box labeled 'TA' connected to a box labeled 'DTE or DCE'. Below this endpoint is a left-pointing arrow labeled 'TC Transmit Clock'. The text 'T1403260-97/d12' is located to the right of the right endpoint. + +Diagram of Case 2: Receive clock tracks DCE receive clock via data. + +*Case 2* – Receive clock tracks DCE receive clock via data. + +FIGURE III.1/V.120 +**Clock tracking** + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Telephone network and ISDN | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media | +| Series H | Transmission of non-telephone signals | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of sound-programme and television signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound-programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminal equipments and protocols for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communication | +| Series Z | Programming languages | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.13-199303-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg 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sha256:52a289bbb49d106b16f646b5050f62e5c7cbe1bb201f8c767547c3039abbf359 +size 8245 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.150.0-200301-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/V/T-REC-V.150.0-200301-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fc92167fa9e3c88428c62646d932153590b6ca26 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.150.0-200301-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + +![ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.150.0 + +(01/2003) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Interworking with other networks + +# --- **Modem-over-IP networks: Foundation** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.150.0 + +--- + +## ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General | V.1–V.9 | +| Interfaces and voiceband modems | V.10–V.34 | +| Wideband modems | V.35–V.39 | +| Error control | V.40–V.49 | +| Transmission quality and maintenance | V.50–V.59 | +| Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals | V.60–V.99 | +| Interworking with other networks | V.100–V.199 | +| Interface layer specifications for data communication | V.200–V.249 | +| Control procedures | V.250–V.299 | +| Modems on digital circuits | V.300–V.399 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +## **ITU-T Recommendation V.150.0** + +## **Modem-over-IP networks: Foundation** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies the road map and high-level details for the V.150 family of modem-over-IP Recommendations. + +###### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.150.0 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 16 (2001-2004) and approved under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure on 13 January 2003. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2003 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 1 | +| 5 Introduction ..... | 2 | +| 6 Family members ..... | 2 | +| 7 Version management ..... | 2 | +| 8 Vendor-defined messages..... | 2 | +| Appendix I – List of Recommendations in the V.150 family ..... | 3 | + + + +## ITU-T Recommendation V.150.0 + +## Modem-over-IP networks: Foundation + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the basic and generic characteristics for devices designed to transport V-series modem signals across an IP network. + +The Recommendation defines: + +- a) forward and backward version interoperability; +- b) the use of Vendor-defined messages and information. + +This Recommendation includes mandatory requirements, recommendations and options; these are designated by the words "shall," "should," and "may" respectively. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendation contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendation and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- ITU-T Recommendation T.35 (2000), *Procedure for the allocation of ITU-T defined codes for non-standard facilities*. + +# 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.1 gateway:** A gateway converts media provided in one type of network to the format required in another type of network. For example, a gateway could terminate bearer channels from a switched circuit network (e.g. DS0s) and media streams from a packet network (e.g. RTP streams in an IP network). + +**3.2 MoIP gateway:** A gateway that is compliant with ITU-T Rec. V.150.1. + +**3.3 modem relay:** The transportation of modem data across a packet network using modem termination at the network access points. + +**3.4 voice band data:** The transport of modem signals over a voice channel of a packet network with the encoding appropriate for modem signals. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|------|------------------------------| +| FoIP | Fax over Internet Protocol | +| MoIP | Modem over Internet Protocol | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| SDP | Session Description Protocol | + +| | | +|------|------------------------------| +| ToIP | Text over Internet Protocol | +| VoIP | Voice over Internet Protocol | + +# **5 Introduction** + +This Recommendation provides a foundation for common procedures that are used by the V.150 family of Recommendations. The V.150 Recommendations are part of the group that consider the inter-working of V-series modems with other networks. In this instance the other network of consideration are Internet Protocol Networks. + +The Recommendation does not require behaviour that is inconsistent with other V-series Recommendations, or with national regulatory requirements, and shall be interpreted accordingly. Neither does it preclude the use of proprietary or non-standard equipment, however it does caution that if such devices are used then care should be taken as not to harm the functionality and procedures defined herein. + +# **6 Family members** + +A list of the members of the V.150 family of Recommendations is provided in Appendix I. + +## **7 Version management** + +The V.150 family of Recommendations is expected to contain several functional versions. To ensure both forward and backward compatibility, the version management for these Recommendations is defined here. + +A functional member of the V.150 family of Recommendations is indicated by a trailing dot-number, e.g. V.150.1 or V.150.2. An integer number within the Recommendation indicates a version or revision of a functional member. Consequently, when used in a PDU or information element a complete version can be indicated for a V.150 member by using an 'x.y' representation. For example, 1.1 would be V.150.1 version 1, 2.3 would be V.150.2 version 3, etc. + +## **8 Vendor-defined messages** + +Vendor-specific messages are supported within V.150 PDUs. In general, a V.150 member may support up to 255 vendor identifiers (vendor-ID) for a given call. Each vendor-ID may be unique or specific and tied to either a single or a multiple set of attributes. A unique vendor-Tag may also be assigned to each set of attributes associated with a vendor-ID to allow simpler use within the V.150 mechanisms. + +Usually the vendor-ID is provided during the external signalling used during the call set-up (i.e. H.245, H.248 or SDP, etc.). The format used in signalling schemes may be compliant to either ITU-T Rec. T.35 or the IANA private enterprise number. The choice is up to the vendor. + +When the vendor-ID format is ITU-T Rec. T.35, the vendor-ID consists of a country code followed by a vendor code. The country code consists of four octets and the vendor-ID consists of two octets. If the representation of the vendor-ID is hexadecimal, leading zeros in the country code may be omitted, while leading zeros in the vendor code may not be omitted. + +When the vendor-ID is the vendor's IANA private enterprise number, leading zeros may be omitted. + +The vendor-Tag is a decimal integer with a value between 0 and 255. If used, values in the range of 1 to 255 are uniquely mapped to the combination of vendor-ID and vendor-specific information. The choice of this integer made by a gateway is independent of the choice made by its peer gateway. Due to the compactness of this index, a gateway or endpoint may use it in a number of places to simplify the messaging. A value of zero for the vendor-Tag is a null value. When present, it is equivalent to omitting the vendor-Tag. A null value of the vendor-Tag is not associated with any vendor-ID. If non-null, the vendor-Tag may serve as a dynamically assigned vendor-specific identifier. + +The vendor-specific information is an octet string consisting of one or more octets as defined by the vendor. Since it consists of an integer number of octets, it is represented by an even number of hex characters. No "0x" prefix is needed. Limitation on size is context specific. Details where size is limited will be indicated in the appropriate Recommendation. + +## **Appendix I** + +## **List of Recommendations in the V.150 family** + +The following are members of the V.150 family of Recommendations: + +- V.150.0: Modem-over-IP networks: Foundation (2003) +- V.150.1: Modem-over-IP networks: Procedures for the end-to-end connection of V-series DCEs (2003) + + + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph 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+|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General | V.1–V.9 | +| Interfaces and voiceband modems | V.10–V.34 | +| Wideband modems | V.35–V.39 | +| Error control | V.40–V.49 | +| Transmission quality and maintenance | V.50–V.59 | +| Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals | V.60–V.99 | +| Interworking with other networks | V.100–V.199 | +| Interface layer specifications for data communication | V.200–V.249 | +| Control procedures | V.250–V.299 | +| Modems on digital circuits | V.300–V.399 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +# **ITU-T Recommendation V.150.1** + +# **Modem-over-IP networks: Procedures for the end-to-end connection of V-series DCEs** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation defines the inter-operation of two PSTN to IP network gateways that facilitate the end-to-end connection of V-series DCEs over an IP network. The principal characteristics of these gateways are: a mechanism to allow the transparent transport of modem signals end-to-end, a mechanism to allow the termination of modem signals at the gateways and the transport of the data between gateways, the definition of a transport protocol, which is suitable to relay data between gateways, and procedures to allow gateways to transition between Voice-over-Internet Protocol and Modem-over-Internet Protocol operation. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.150.1 was approved on 13 January 2003 by ITU-T Study Group 16 (2001-2004) under the ITU-T Recommendation A.8 procedure. This edition includes the modifications introduced by Corrigendum 1 approved on July 2003 and by Corrigendum 2 approved on March 2004. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2004 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | | Page | +|----|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 | Scope ..... | 1 | +| | 1.1 Recommendation version ..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 1 | +| 3 | Definitions and abbreviations ..... | 3 | +| | 3.1 Definitions ..... | 3 | +| | 3.2 Abbreviations ..... | 4 | +| 4 | Conventions ..... | 6 | +| 5 | Introduction ..... | 6 | +| | 5.1 Compliance requirements ..... | 7 | +| 6 | Modem-over-IP gateway functions ..... | 7 | +| 7 | Audio mode ..... | 8 | +| 8 | Voiceband data mode ..... | 8 | +| | 8.1 Selection of VBD voice codecs and other enhanced functionality ..... | 9 | +| | 8.2 Minimum requirements for VBD ..... | 9 | +| 9 | Modem relay mode ..... | 9 | +| | 9.1 Universal-modem relay gateway type ..... | 9 | +| | 9.2 V.8-modem relay gateway type..... | 10 | +| 10 | Operational modes of MoIP ..... | 10 | +| 11 | Modem relay PHY layer functions ..... | 11 | +| 12 | Modem relay error control functions ..... | 12 | +| | 12.1 Error control configurations ..... | 12 | +| | 12.2 Error-controlled PSTN links..... | 14 | +| | 12.3 Non-error-controlled PSTN links ..... | 14 | +| | 12.4 Break handling..... | 16 | +| 13 | Modem relay trans-compression functions..... | 17 | +| | 13.1 No Trans-Compression (N-TCX)..... | 17 | +| | 13.2 Single Trans-Compression (S-TCX) ..... | 18 | +| | 13.3 Double Trans-Compression (D-TCX)..... | 18 | +| | 13.4 Mixed-function operation ..... | 19 | +| | 13.5 Hierarchy for interoperability..... | 19 | +| | 13.6 XID/LR profiles for use in modem relay connection scenario MR1 ..... | 20 | +| 14 | Modem relay data transfer ..... | 21 | +| | 14.1 Data type definitions..... | 21 | +| | 14.2 Support of DLCI..... | 21 | +| | 14.3 General statement on the use of start-stop characters ..... | 21 | +| | 14.4 Selection of data types..... | 21 | +| | 14.5 Mandatory modem relay data types ..... | 21 | + +| | Page | +|---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 14.6 | Optional modem relay data types ..... 22 | +| 14.7 | Gateway-to-gateway control channel functionality and interfaces ..... 22 | +| 15 | Modem-over-IP functionality and interfaces ..... 23 | +| 15.1 | Gateway-to-gateway protocol definitions and procedures ..... 23 | +| 15.2 | Gateway capability and call set-up messages ..... 23 | +| 15.3 | Gateway call discrimination messages ..... 26 | +| 15.4 | Modem relay status messages ..... 29 | +| 16 | Start-up mode of operation ..... 45 | +| 17 | Facsimile interworking requirements ..... 45 | +| 18 | Text telephony interworking requirements ..... 45 | +| 19 | Call set up procedures ..... 45 | +| 20 | Call discrimination procedures ..... 45 | +| 20.1 | V.25 calling tone, V.8 CI processing and bell-type modem answer tone ..... 46 | +| 20.2 | V.8 bis processing ..... 46 | +| 20.3 | Call discrimination procedure/answer tone treatment selection ..... 46 | +| 20.4 | Answer tone processing ..... 46 | +| 20.5 | Modem-over-IP mode selection procedures ..... 48 | +| 20.6 | CM-JM procedures for determining MoIP mode ..... 49 | +| 20.7 | JM delay procedure ..... 50 | +| 20.8 | Call discrimination SDL diagrams ..... 51 | +| 21 | Procedures for audio to MoIP transport switching ..... 64 | +| 22 | Procedures for modem relay operation ..... 64 | +| 22.1 | Procedures used for gateway to DCE error control ..... 64 | +| 22.2 | Compression negotiation procedures ..... 67 | +| 22.3 | Data transfer phase ..... 75 | +| 23 | Modem delay procedures ..... 75 | +| 23.1 | Initial start up ..... 75 | +| 23.2 | Retrain and rate renegotiations ..... 76 | +| 24 | Cleardown procedures ..... 76 | +| 25 | IP transport ..... 77 | +| 25.1 | SPRT packet structure for MoIP ..... 77 | +| 25.2 | MoIP content header ..... 78 | +| Annex A | – ASN.1 notation ..... 78 | +| Annex B | – Simple Packet Relay Transport (SPRT) protocol ..... 78 | +| B.1 | Overview ..... 78 | +| B.2 | SPRT transport protocol specification ..... 79 | +| Annex C | – State signalling events protocol ..... 83 | +| C.1 | Introduction ..... 83 | + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| C.2 Definition of media states..... | 83 | +| C.3 RTP packet format for state signalling events..... | 84 | +| C.4 Reliability ..... | 87 | +| C.5 State signalling event definitions..... | 90 | +| Annex D – Procedures for voiceband data only mode of operation..... | 93 | +| Annex E – SDP description of sessions supporting SPRT-based modem relay..... | 93 | +| E.0 Abbreviations ..... | 93 | +| E.1 Introduction ..... | 94 | +| E.2 Optional information ..... | 98 | +| E.3 Examples of complete SDP descriptors ..... | 103 | +| Annex F – Definition of capabilities for use within H.245-based systems..... | 104 | +| F.1 Scope ..... | 104 | +| F.2 Introduction ..... | 104 | +| F.3 Modem over IP (MoIP) capability identification and exchange ..... | 104 | +| F.4 MoIP capability definition syntax ..... | 105 | +| F.5 Explanation of V150MoIPCapability elements..... | 106 | +| F.6 SSE capability identification and exchange ..... | 107 | +| Appendix I – Connection scenarios ..... | 108 | +| I.1 Voice Band data (VBD) mode ..... | 108 | +| I.2 Modem relay connection scenario MR1..... | 109 | +| I.3 Modem relay connection scenario MR2..... | 109 | +| I.4 Modem relay connection scenario MR3..... | 109 | +| I.5 Modem relay connection scenario MR4..... | 110 | +| Appendix II – Call discrimination call flows..... | 110 | +| II.1 Scope ..... | 110 | +| II.2 Answer tone treatment..... | 110 | +| II.3 Call discrimination ..... | 111 | +| Appendix III – Call discrimination call flows suitable for use with facsimile-over-IP..... | 114 | +| Appendix IV – Call discrimination call flows suitable for use for text-over-IP..... | 115 | +| Appendix V – Summary of DCE signals used during call discrimination ..... | 117 | +| V.1 Definition of answer DCE generated signals to be considered for discrimination..... | 117 | +| V.2 Definition of calling DCE generated signals to be considered for discrimination ..... | 118 | +| Appendix VI – Descriptions of non-V-series modes of operation..... | 120 | +| VI.1 Bell 103 mode of operation ..... | 120 | +| VI.2 Bell 212A mode of operation ..... | 120 | +| VI.3 TIA/EIA-825 mode of operation..... | 121 | +| VI.4 MNP5 mode of operation ..... | 121 | + +| | Page | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Appendix VII – Gateway implementation guide ..... | 121 | +| VII.1    Scope ..... | 121 | +| VII.2    VBD..... | 121 | +| VII.3    Rate control for configurations using SPRT channel 1 ..... | 121 | +| VII.4    XID/LR profiles..... | 123 | +| Appendix VIII – Bibliography ..... | 126 | + +# ITU-T Recommendation V.150.1 + +# Modem-over-IP networks: Procedures for the end-to-end connection of V-series DCEs + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies the operation between two IP network gateways to facilitate the end-to-end connection of V-series DCEs over an IP network. The gateways are specified herein in terms of their functionality, signals and messages and operating procedures. The principal characteristics of these gateways are as follows: + +- a) Support of a mechanism to allow the transparent transport of modem signals end-to-end. +- b) Support of mechanisms to allow the termination of modem signals at the gateways and the transport of the data between gateways. +- c) The definition of a transport protocol, which can be used to relay the data between gateways. +- d) The definition of procedures to allow gateways to transition between Voice-over-Internet Protocol and Modem-over-Internet Protocol operation. + +This Recommendation includes mandatory requirements, recommendations and options; these are designated by the words "shall," "should," and "may" respectively. + +## 1.1 Recommendation version + +For the purposes of forward and backward compatibility, this Recommendation is assigned a version number. + +The usage and definition of this version number is defined in ITU-T Rec. V.150.0. + +Version: 1 + +NOTE – The reader is encouraged to check on the ITU-T website for any normative or informative amendments to this Recommendation. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- ITU-T Recommendation G.711 (1988), *Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies*. +- ITU-T Recommendation H.245 (2003), *Control protocol for multimedia communication*. +- ITU-T Recommendation H.248 (2000), *Gateway control protocol*. +- ITU-T Recommendation H.323, Annex P (2003), *Transfer of modem signals over H.323*. +- ITU-T Recommendation T.38 (2002), *Procedures for real-time Group 3 facsimile communication over IP networks*. + +- ITU-T Recommendation V.8 (2000), *Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission over the public switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.8 bis (2000), *Procedures for the identification and selection of common modes of operation between data circuit-terminating equipments (DCEs) and between data terminal equipments (DTEs) over the public switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.14 (1993), *Transmission of start-stop characters over synchronous bearer channels.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.17 (1991), *A 2-wire modem for facsimile applications with rates up to 14 400 bit/s.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.18 (2000), *Operational and interworking requirements for DCEs operating in the text telephone mode.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.21 (1988), *300 bits per second duplex modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.22 bis (1988), *2400 bits per second duplex modem using the frequency division technique standardized for use on the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.23 (1988), *600/1200-baud modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.24 (2000), *List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE).* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.25 (1996), *Automatic answering equipment and general procedures for automatic calling equipment on the general switched telephone network including procedures for disabling of echo control devices for both manually and automatically established calls.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.26 bis (1988), *2400/1200 bits per second modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.26 ter (1988), *2400 bits per second duplex modem using the echo cancellation technique standardized for use in the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.27 ter (1988), *4800/2400 bits per second modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.29 (1988), *9600 bits per second modem standardized for use on point-to-point 4-wire leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.32 bis (1991), *A duplex modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 14 400 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.34 (1998), *A modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 33 600 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.42 (2002), *Error-correcting procedures for DCEs using asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion.* +- ITU-T Recommendation V.42 bis (1990), *Data compression procedures for data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) using error correction procedures.* + +- ITU-T Recommendation V.44 (2000), *Data compression procedures*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.90 (1998), *A digital modem and analogue modem pair for use on a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) at data signalling rates of up to 56 000 bit/s downstream and up to 33 600 bit/s upstream*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.91 (1999), *A digital modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 64 000 bit/s for use on a 4-wire circuit switched connection and on leased point-to-point 4-wire digital circuits*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.92 (2000), *Enhancements to Recommendation V.90*. +- ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (2002) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:2002, *Information technology – Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation*. +- ITU-T Recommendation X.691 (2002) | ISO/IEC 8825-2:2002, *Information technology – ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Packet Encoding Rules (PER)*. +- ISO/IEC 3309:1993, *Information Technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – High-level data link control (HDLC) procedures – Frame structure*. +- ISO/IEC 4335:1993, *Information Technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – High-level data link control (HDLC) procedures – Elements of procedures*. +- IETF RFC 768 (1980), *User Datagram Protocol*. +- IETF RFC 791 (1981), *Internet Protocol*. +- IETF RFC 2198 (1997), *RTP Payload for Redundant Audio Data*. +- IETF RFC 2327 (1998), *SDP: Session Description Protocol*. +- IETF RFC 2733 (1999), *An RTP Payload format for Generic Forward Error Correction*. +- IETF RFC 2833 (2000), *RTP Payload for DTMF Digits, Telephony Tones and Telephony Signals*. +- IETF RFC 3407 (2000), *Session Description Protocol (SDP) Simple Capability Declaration*. + +# 3 Definitions and abbreviations + +## 3.1 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.1.1 call discrimination time-out timer:** An optional timer that is started on receipt of a modem signal (such as an answer tone) and stopped on the basis of criteria in the Call Discrimination SDL diagrams in this Recommendation. + +**3.1.2 control channel:** Is the channel provided by the IP-Transport Layer Protocol that is used for the sending of IP-Transport Layer Protocol control messages. + +**3.1.3 double-trans-compression gateway:** Is a gateway that has the resources to support Trans-Compression in both directions of the data flow. + +**3.1.4 effective data signalling rate:** Is the data-signalling rate in bits/s with all format and frame information removed from the data stream (e.g., Start, Stop, Parity bits, protocol headers, CRC, HDLC Flags, pre-ambls, post-ambls, etc.). The effective data signalling rate is always less than or equal to the data signalling rate of the input data stream. + +**3.1.5 gateway:** A gateway converts media provided in one type of network to the format required in another type of network. For example, a gateway could terminate bearer channels from a switched circuit network (e.g., DS0s) and media streams from a packet network (e.g., RTP streams in an IP network). + +**3.1.6 modem relay:** The transport of modem data across a packet network using modem termination at the gateways. + +**3.1.7 MoIP gateway:** A gateway that is compliant with this Recommendation. + +**3.1.8 no-trans-compression gateway:** Is a gateway whose data input in both directions is transferred transparently. + +**3.1.9 off-ramp gateway:** The IP network access point that calls an Answering DCE. (Abbreviated to G2.) + +**3.1.10 on-ramp gateway:** The access point that is called by an originating DCE that interfaces to the IP network. (Abbreviated to G1.) + +**3.1.11 repeated-break:** A break with the same sequence number as a previously received Break. + +**3.1.12 selective destructive:** A transport protocol is "selectively destructive" if the local protocol user can trigger the discard of data that has been given to the transmitter by the local protocol user and not delivered to the peer protocol user by the receiver. + +**3.1.13 single-trans-compression gateway:** Is a gateway that has the ability to perform a Trans-Compression in only one direction of the data flow (serial). For the other direction, the data is passed through transparently with minimum of delay to the outputs. + +**3.1.14 trans-coding:** Translation from one companding law to another (i.e., G.711 A-law to $\mu$ -law or vice versa). + +**3.1.15 trans-compression:** A Trans-Compression function consists of a decompression element whose output is connected to the input of a compression element. The input to the Trans-Compression is the input to the decompression element and the output of the Trans-Compression function is the output of the compression element. (See clause 13.) + +**3.1.16 voiceband data:** The transport of modem signals over a voice channel of a packet network with the encoding appropriate for modem signals. + +**3.1.17 XID/LR:** In V.42 LAPM, the XID command or response. In Annex A/V.42, the LR command or response. + +The definition of DCE line signals used in this Recommendation is described in Appendix V. + +## **3.2 Abbreviations** + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-------|---------------------------------| +| ANS | V.25 Answer Tone | +| ASN.1 | Abstract Syntax Notation One | +| ASNam | V.8 Answer Tone | +| CM | V.8 Call Menu | +| DE | Destructive and Expedited | +| DLCI | Data Link Connection Identifier | +| DS0 | Digital Signal level 0 | +| D-TCX | Double Trans-Compression | + +| | | +|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Cx | Compression Function | +| Cx' | Disabled Compression Function | +| DCE | Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (Modem) | +| DTE | Data Terminal Equipment | +| Dx | Decompression Function | +| Dx' | Disabled Decompression Function | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FoIP | Fax over Internet Protocol | +| G1 | On-Ramp Gateway | +| G2 | Off-Ramp Gateway | +| HDLC | High-level Data Link Control | +| IP | Internet Protocol | +| IP-TLP | IP Transport Layer Protocol | +| JM | V.8 Joint Menu | +| LAPM | Link Access Protocol for Modems (an error control protocol defined in ITU-T Rec. V.42) | +| LR | Link Request (Frame defined in Annex A/V.42 (1996)) | +| LRc | Link Request command | +| LRr | Link Request response | +| M1 | Originating end-point DCE | +| M2 | Answering end-point DCE | +| MIPS | Millions Instructions Per Second | +| MNP5 | A compression method as defined in Appendix VI.4 | +| MoIP | Modem over Internet Protocol | +| MR | Modem Relay | +| MR1 | Modem Relay Connection Scenario 1 | +| MR2 | Modem Relay Connection Scenario 2 | +| MR3 | Modem Relay Connection Scenario 3 | +| MR4 | Modem Relay Connection Scenario 4 | +| NDE | Non-Destructive and Expedited | +| NDNE | Non-Destructive and Non-Expedited | +| N-TCX | No Trans-Compression | +| PCM | Pulse Code Modulation | +| PDU | Protocol Data Unit | +| PHY | Physical transport Layer of modem connection | +| PSTN | Public Switched Telephone Network | +| QoS | Quality of Service | + +| | | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------| +| RC | Reason Code | +| RIC | Reason Identifier Code | +| RNR | Receiver Not Ready | +| RR | Receiver Ready | +| RSC | Reliable Sequenced Channel | +| RTP | Real-time Transfer Protocol | +| SPRT | Simple Packet Relay Transport | +| SPU | Signal Processing Unit | +| SSE | State Signalling Events | +| SSRC | Synchronization SouRCe | +| S-TCX | Single Trans-Compression | +| TCX | Trans-Compression | +| UDP | User Datagram Protocol | +| U-MR | Universal-Modem Relay | +| USC | Unreliable Sequenced Channel | +| VBD | Voice Band Data mode | +| V-MR | V.8-Modem Relay | +| VoIP | Voice over Internet Protocol | +| XID | Exchange Identification | +| XID C | LAPM XID command | +| XID def | XID corresponding to the default compression parameters for N-TCX | +| XID r | LAPM XID response | + +# 4 Conventions + +The following convention is used to indicate the elements of PDU defined in this Recommendation. + +For the IP-TLP, a message is indicated by its mnemonic, e.g., INIT, CONNECT etc. An element of the message is indicated by mnemonic in parentheses, e.g., MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP), CONNECT(NCP). + +A SSE message is indicated using SSE:(), where is one of the defined media states and is the applicable reason code. + +# 5 Introduction + +Modem over Internet Protocol (MoIP) is the application of V-series DCEs over a Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) connection. There are two basic models suitable to this application. The first is as shown in Figure 1. This is the generic establishment of a voice connection using a suitable call establishment protocol (e.g., H.323, RFC 2327, etc.). The end-point DCEs attempt to connect without any knowledge that they are using an IP network with an undetermined Quality of Service (QoS). The second model, also shown in Figure 1, is similar; the exception is that the IP network has a well-managed QoS. + +Architecturally, this Recommendation only considers the support of a PSTN to IP to PSTN structure. PSTN to IP structures are for further study. + +![Figure 1/V.150.1 – Typical modem over IP application. The diagram illustrates a bidirectional communication path between two PSTN networks via an IP Network. On the left, a Fax, Modem, and Telephone are connected to a Central office, which is linked to a Gateway. This Gateway connects to the IP Network cloud. On the right, the IP Network connects to another Gateway, which is linked to a Central office. This second Central office is connected to Server modems, a Modem, a Fax, and a Telephone. The label 'V.150.1_F01' is located in the bottom right corner of the diagram area.](bd0b93e7a46ede276d0a3b79ac487bd9_img.jpg) + +Figure 1/V.150.1 – Typical modem over IP application. The diagram illustrates a bidirectional communication path between two PSTN networks via an IP Network. On the left, a Fax, Modem, and Telephone are connected to a Central office, which is linked to a Gateway. This Gateway connects to the IP Network cloud. On the right, the IP Network connects to another Gateway, which is linked to a Central office. This second Central office is connected to Server modems, a Modem, a Fax, and a Telephone. The label 'V.150.1\_F01' is located in the bottom right corner of the diagram area. + +**Figure 1/V.150.1 – Typical modem over IP application** + +## 5.1 Compliance requirements + +The Recommendation does not require behaviour that is inconsistent with other V-series PSTN modem Recommendations, or with national regulatory requirements, and shall be interpreted accordingly. Neither does it preclude the use of proprietary or non-standard modems, however, it does caution that if such devices are used, then care should be taken as not to harm the functionality and procedures defined herein. + +In order to be compliant with this Recommendation an implementation must provide functionality that is defined as mandatory. + +# 6 Modem-over-IP gateway functions + +Figure 2 provides a conceptual reference model for a MoIP gateway. The model shows two stacks conjoined by the MoIP application. The left-hand stack is that of a typical modem which has a signal converter (modulation), an error correction protocol and a data compression protocol. Apart from the signal converter, the other two protocols may or may not be present. The right-hand stack represents the IP networking functions of a MoIP gateway. The MoIP application as indicated in Figure 2 is defined by the normative contents of this Recommendation. This Recommendation defines a default IP transport layer protocol called SPRT (see Annex B), but does not preclude the use of another protocol that conforms to the requirements as defined in clause 25. + +![Figure 2/V.150.1 – Gateway reference model diagram. The diagram shows a MoIP application at the top, connected via bidirectional arrows to a Data cmpr block, an Error correction block, and a Signal converter block. The Data cmpr and Error correction blocks are stacked, with Error correction below Data cmpr. The Signal converter block is below Error correction. These three blocks are connected to a Telephony interface at the bottom. On the right, the MoIP application is connected via bidirectional arrows to a Codecs (audio and VBD)/RFC 2833 block, an SSE prtcol block, and an IP-TLP (SPRT) block. The Codecs and SSE prtcol blocks are stacked, with SSE prtcol below Codecs. The IP-TLP block is to the right of the SSE prtcol block. Below these three blocks is an RTP block, which is below the Codecs and SSE prtcol blocks and to the left of the IP-TLP block. Below the RTP block is a UDP/IP block, which is below the RTP block and to the left of the IP-TLP block. The UDP/IP block is connected to an IP network at the bottom. A label V.150.1_F02 is located at the bottom right of the diagram.](fa859e4e468bfb2710a94527f2c504af_img.jpg) + +Figure 2/V.150.1 – Gateway reference model diagram. The diagram shows a MoIP application at the top, connected via bidirectional arrows to a Data cmpr block, an Error correction block, and a Signal converter block. The Data cmpr and Error correction blocks are stacked, with Error correction below Data cmpr. The Signal converter block is below Error correction. These three blocks are connected to a Telephony interface at the bottom. On the right, the MoIP application is connected via bidirectional arrows to a Codecs (audio and VBD)/RFC 2833 block, an SSE prtcol block, and an IP-TLP (SPRT) block. The Codecs and SSE prtcol blocks are stacked, with SSE prtcol below Codecs. The IP-TLP block is to the right of the SSE prtcol block. Below these three blocks is an RTP block, which is below the Codecs and SSE prtcol blocks and to the left of the IP-TLP block. Below the RTP block is a UDP/IP block, which is below the RTP block and to the left of the IP-TLP block. The UDP/IP block is connected to an IP network at the bottom. A label V.150.1\_F02 is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +**Figure 2/V.150.1 – Gateway reference model** + +This Recommendation defines two classes of operation for Modem-Over-IP gateways: Voiceband Data and Modem Relay. The two classes of operation are because of the variety of IP networks, DCE feature sets, and gateway capabilities. + +# 7 Audio mode + +In this mode, the channel processes speech signals. The mode may include the use of compression algorithms and other processing functions that are not suitable for the transport of modem or facsimile signals. + +# 8 Voiceband data mode + +For Voice Band Data (VBD) mode of operation, the path between G1 and G2 remains in a voice configuration. The modem signals are encoded using an appropriate speech codec suitable for the task, and the samples are transported across a packet network. + +VBD should: + +- Use a voice codec that passes voiceband modulated signals with minimal distortion. +- Have end-to-end constant latency. +- Disable Voice Activity Detection and Comfort Noise Generation during the data transfer phase. +- Disable any DC removal filters that may be integral with the speech encoder used. + +VBD should consider the appropriate application of: + +- The use of echo cancellers on a VBD channel. +- Forward Error Correction (FEC) (e.g., RFC 2733) or other forms of Redundancy (e.g., RFC 2198). +- Voice packet loss concealment techniques and algorithms that are suitable for modem and facsimile modulations. + +## 8.1 Selection of VBD voice codecs and other enhanced functionality + +VBD capabilities are indicated during the Call Set-up phase. See Annexes E and F. + +Gateways should undertake appropriate action to avoid more than one trans-coding when in VBD. + +## 8.2 Minimum requirements for VBD + +For purposes of interoperability, MoIP gateways shall support at least both G.711 A-law and G.711 $\mu$ -law codecs. + +# 9 Modem relay mode + +Modem Relay mode of operation is characterized by the termination of both the physical layer and error-correction functions at the gateway. Appendix I provides diagrams of the reference configurations considered by this Recommendation. Modem Relay gateways, depending upon their type demodulate the DCE signals, perform local error correction and pass on the data in one of four ways. These four modes of MR operation are defined in clause 13 and are uniquely defined by the capability and configuration of the gateway Trans-Compression functions. + +Figure 3 describes a basic reference model for MR mode of operation. Cx and Dx represent the compression and decompression functions. EC is the Error Correction layer, which also includes any link layer formatting such as HDLC. + +NOTE – This reference model shows the functions that may be present depending upon the outcome of the gateway capability exchanges and modem negotiation. + +![Figure 3/V.150.1 – Modem relay reference model diagram showing the flow of data and control channels between Modem 1 (M1), Gateway 1 (G1), Gateway 2 (G2), and Modem 2 (M2).](29f586959675cafdf81cf934954908eb_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Modem relay reference model. It shows four main components: M1 (Modem 1), G1 (Gateway 1), G2 (Gateway 2), and M2 (Modem 2). Each component is represented by a box containing functional blocks. M1 and M2 each contain a 'Cx/Dx' block and an 'EC' block. G1 and G2 each contain a 'Dx/Cx' block and a 'Cx/Dx' block, with an 'EC' block positioned between them. A 'Modem physical layer connection' is shown between M1 and G1, and between G2 and M2. An 'IP transport' connection is shown between G1 and G2. A 'Control channel' (solid line) connects M1 to G1, G1 to G2, and G2 to M2. A 'Data path' (dotted line) connects M1 to G1, G1 to G2, and G2 to M2. A legend at the bottom left indicates that a solid line represents the 'Control channel' and a dotted line represents the 'Data path'. The identifier 'V.150.1\_F03' is located at the bottom right of the diagram area. + +Figure 3/V.150.1 – Modem relay reference model diagram showing the flow of data and control channels between Modem 1 (M1), Gateway 1 (G1), Gateway 2 (G2), and Modem 2 (M2). + +**Figure 3/V.150.1 – Modem relay reference model** + +In addition to the primary data path between the gateways, a secondary control channel is also provided for the exchange of information directly between the gateways. Note the characteristics and format of this control channel are dependent upon the IP transport Protocol being used. The requirements for this control channel are described in 14.7. + +Modem Relay defines two gateway types: these are the Universal-Modem Relay (U-MR) gateway and the V.8-Modem Relay (V-MR) gateway. + +## 9.1 Universal-modem relay gateway type + +A Universal-Modem Relay gateway (U-MR) provides full termination for a minimum set of V-series modulations, whether negotiated through V.8 or not. This minimum set is defined as: + +V.92 Digital, V.90 Digital, V.34, V.32 *bis*, V.32, V.22 *bis*, V.22, V.23 and V.21. + +Other modulations may also be supported but are not part of the mandatory set and should be indicated by the gateway during the Call Set-up phase. + +## 9.2 V.8-modem relay gateway type + +A V.8-Modem Relay gateway (V-MR) provides full termination for V-series modulations that are selected via the V.8 negotiation procedures. There are no requirements on the set of modulations to be supported by this type of gateway. The modulations that are supported are indicated in the inter-gateway messages exchanged during the Call Set-up Phase. + +# 10 Operational modes of MoIP + +A Modem-over-IP (MoIP) gateway has three operational modes. These are Audio Mode, Voice Band Data (VBD) mode and Modem Relay (MR) mode. If available, Audio mode is the initial or default mode of operation for MoIP (see clause 7). If Audio Mode is not an available mode, then a MoIP gateway may begin in either VBD or MR modes. + +Other modes of operation that may be optionally provided by MoIP gateways are Fax over IP (FoIP) and Text over IP (ToIP). The procedures for FoIP are defined in ITU-T Rec. T.38. Procedures for ToIP are beyond the scope of this Recommendation. The transitions between MoIP and FoIP/ToIP using the SSE protocol are for further study. + +Figure 4 illustrates the relationship between these defined modes. At any given time, a MoIP gateway shall be either in or in transition to one of these modes. + +![Diagram illustrating the relationship between MoIP operational modes and transition state.](77464a47f104d0d647b2414591137b64_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows four circles representing operational modes and a transition state. At the top left is a circle labeled 'Audio mode'. At the top right is a circle labeled 'Voiceband data'. At the bottom center is a circle labeled 'Fax over IP or Text over IP'. At the bottom is a circle labeled 'Modem relay'. Double-headed arrows connect 'Audio mode' and 'Voiceband data'. Double-headed arrows also connect 'Audio mode' and 'Modem relay'. Double-headed arrows also connect 'Voiceband data' and 'Modem relay'. The 'Fax over IP or Text over IP' circle is positioned in the center, between the top and bottom circles, but has no arrows connecting it to any other mode. + +Diagram illustrating the relationship between MoIP operational modes and transition state. + +V.150.1\_F04 + +**Figure 4/V.150.1 – MoIP operational modes and transition state** + +# 11 Modem relay PHY layer functions + +This clause describes the functionality and expected behaviour of the Modem Relay PHY. The PHY in this context is defined as the physical layer of the modem to gateway connection and does not include the IP physical layer. + +The goal of MoIP is to ensure connectivity of V-series modems on IP networks. The Recommendation does not require nor preclude the use of non-standard modulations. The MoIP procedures take into account that there are two independent PSTN connections to be established in order to provide a single end-to-end connection of the end-point modems. The establishment of the modem physical layer consists of two stages. The first is that of call discrimination and the second is of modem training and capability negotiation. The procedures that define this process are described in clause 20 and Appendix II. + +The overall connection physical layer may be selectively transported in either VBD or Modem Relay. The call discrimination and mode selection procedures define the rules for this choice. The behaviour of Modem Relay is determined whether a Universal-Modem Relay (U-MR) or V.8-Modem Relay (V-MR) gateway is being used. Modem Relay supports the ability for a gateway to use different modulation modes on each of the different PSTN links. It is also possible to match the modulations on each PSTN link if necessary. To aid the call discrimination process, gateways exchange their preference for call discrimination and Answer Tone treatment, their supported modulation capability set and whether they are a V-MR- or U-MR-type gateway. + +When modems are connected using V.8 negotiation procedures, MoIP defines three cases that are dependent upon the modulation capabilities of the gateways (see 20.5). The gateways are able to determine *a priori* the most appropriate call discrimination procedures to be used when using V.8. + +For modulations that allow the selection of multiple data signalling rates, MoIP allows the gateway to either have data signalling rates independent of the two PSTN links or have them matched. Note that the MoIP error control procedures also influence the selection of the link data signalling rates especially in the non-error correcting case. + +During the modulation start-up procedures, the gateway shall activate its IP-TLP. This is indicated by transmission of an INIT message (see 15.4.1). The gateways may transmit other IP-TLP messages types once it has received an INIT from the remote gateway. + +When the physical layer on the PSTN link has achieved data mode (i.e., the point in time when either V.24 Circuit 106 or 109 may be turned on) the gateway shall transmit the IP-TLP MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP) message (see 15.4.8). The selected modulation, data signalling rates and symbol rate of the modem may be used by the remote gateway. The same information (excluding the optional symbol rates) is also made available by the IP-TLP CONNECT message, which is transmitted after the link layer negotiation is complete. + +Once established, interruptions to the PSTN PHY caused by retrains and rate-renegotiations may occur and stop the flow of data across the PSTN link. These events shall be reported to the remote gateway using the IP-TLP MR\_EVENT message. When the modems return to a stable data mode state the gateway informs its peer by means of the MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP) message its current physical layer characteristics. This procedure is described in clause 23. + +The only requirement specified for a cleardown of a MoIP session, is that the gateway shall return to its initial state. A gateway shall not initiate a cleardown of the PSTN PHY at its own discretion. Session cleardown and related procedures are described in clause 24. + +# **12 Modem relay error control functions** + +This clause describes the functionality necessary to support Error Control and No-Error Control modes of Modem Relay. + +All the supported connection scenarios for Modem Relay, as described in Appendix I, have the PSTN link error control functions terminated locally by the gateways. Modem Relay may have the same or different error control functions on each of the PSTN links. Figure 5 illustrates possible combinations of error control function configurations. This Recommendation defines procedures that allow the support of links where the end-point modems may either enable or disable their error control functions. For a MoIP gateway the importance of having error control on both the PSTN and the IP links is that it provides full end-to-end flow control. This ability helps to prevent loss of data due to a mismatch in PSTN link characteristics such as different modulation or data signalling rates. + +The type of data being transferred across the connection also has relevance to the error control configuration. Much of PSTN modem traffic is start-stop delimited character formatted data and error control is provided by the procedures defined in ITU-T Rec. V.42 which provides the mechanism for conveying start-stop characters over a synchronous data link. If error control is not negotiated, then V.14 procedures provide the method of conveyance as defined in 7.9/V.42. V.14 does not explicitly provide flow control. + +Applications that use synchronous data tend to use a link layer protocol that is external to the modem. This is often considered part of an application. From the perspective of a gateway, error control would be disabled intentionally and the link would appear as non-error correction or V.14. + +Non-error correction mode of operation of modem relay shall be supported using the procedures defined in this Recommendation. These procedures try to minimize any loss of user data on connections where there is not full end-to-end error control. However, despite a best effort made by a transmitting gateway, there is always a possibility that data may be discarded by a receiving gateway in these circumstances. + +## **12.1 Error control configurations** + +The following error control configurations are defined because of a link layer negotiation. + +### **12.1.1 Error-controlled** + +This configuration occurs when both MoIP gateways connect using MR have their error control functions as negotiated between the gateways and the end-point modems (G1/M1 and G2/M2) to be the same. The example depicted in Figure 5A shows both PSTN links selecting V.42/LAPM. Also included are configurations where both MoIP gateways connecting using MR have their error control functions as negotiated between the gateways and the end-point modems (G1/M1 and G2/M2) to be different. The example in Figure 5B shows one PSTN link using V.42/LAPM and the other PSTN link using Annex A/V.42 (1996). + +### **12.1.2 Symmetric-non-error-controlled** + +Figure 5C illustrates the configuration in which MoIP gateways connecting using MR have both their PSTN link error control functions disabled by the end-point modems (M1 and M2). + +### **12.1.3 Asymmetric-non-error-controlled** + +For this configuration, the MoIP gateways when connecting using MR have a mixture of enabled and disabled PSTN Error-Control functions. Figure 5D shows the example where one PSTN link uses V.42/LAPM and the other PSTN link does not have any error control. + +![Figure 5/V.150.1 – Example of error control configurations. The diagram shows four scenarios (A, B, C, D) for communication between two endpoints (M1, M2) via two gateways (G1, G2). Scenario A: Symmetric EC, all channels are RSC. Scenario B: Symmetric EC, G2 to M2 is V.42/MNP4. Scenario C: Symmetric Non-EC, all channels are USC. Scenario D: Asymmetric Non-EC, G1 to G2 is USC, G2 to G1 is USC, G2 to M2 is No-EC. Transport channels are V.42/LAPM, SPRT, and No-EC.](5b8a756d9a71c35f17db8bcb90b438a3_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates four error control configurations (A, B, C, D) for a communication path between two endpoints (M1, M2) via two gateways (G1, G2). The transport channels are V.42/LAPM, SPRT, and No-EC. + +- A: Symmetric EC** + - Forward path: M1 → G1 → G2 → M2 + - Reverse path: M2 → G2 → G1 → M1 + - Transport channels: V.42/LAPM (M1-G1), SPRT (G1-G2), V.42/LAPM (G2-M2) + - Channels: RSC (Reliable Sequenced Channel) for all segments. +- B: Symmetric EC** + - Forward path: M1 → G1 → G2 → M2 + - Reverse path: M2 → G2 → G1 → M1 + - Transport channels: V.42/LAPM (M1-G1), SPRT (G1-G2), V.42/MNP4 (G2-M2) + - Channels: RSC (Reliable Sequenced Channel) for all segments. +- C: Symmetric Non-EC** + - Forward path: M1 → G1 → G2 → M2 + - Reverse path: M2 → G2 → G1 → M1 + - Transport channels: No-EC (M1-G1), SPRT (G1-G2), No-EC (G2-M2) + - Channels: RSC/USC (Underlined, Unreliable Sequenced Channel) for all segments. +- D: Asymmetric Non-EC** + - Forward path: M1 → G1 → G2 → M2 + - Reverse path: M2 → G2 → G1 → M1 + - Transport channels: V.42/LAPM (M1-G1), SPRT (G1-G2), No-EC (G2-M2) + - Channels: RSC/USC (Underlined, Unreliable Sequenced Channel) for G1-G2 and G2-G1; No-EC for G2-M2. + +Figure 5/V.150.1 – Example of error control configurations. The diagram shows four scenarios (A, B, C, D) for communication between two endpoints (M1, M2) via two gateways (G1, G2). Scenario A: Symmetric EC, all channels are RSC. Scenario B: Symmetric EC, G2 to M2 is V.42/MNP4. Scenario C: Symmetric Non-EC, all channels are USC. Scenario D: Asymmetric Non-EC, G1 to G2 is USC, G2 to G1 is USC, G2 to M2 is No-EC. Transport channels are V.42/LAPM, SPRT, and No-EC. + +V.150.1\_F05 + +NOTE – For the Non-EC cases the default transport channels are shown with an underline. +RSC is reliable sequenced channel and USC is unreliable sequenced channel. + +**Figure 5/V.150.1 – Example of error control configurations** + +### 12.1.4 Transport channel selection + +For the non-error-controlled configuration, a gateway has the option to select the transport channel it wishes to transmit on, depending upon the remote gateway's capabilities. The selection of these capabilities may be based upon a trade-off between channel reliability and latency, which is implementation-specific. For each of the two configurations, a default transport channel is defined and shall be supported by both gateways. A gateway may indicate its receiving transport channel capability. + +Each gateway may indicate it has a capability to receive a non-default transport channel. If a peer gateway has indicated this capability, the transport channel transmitter shall decide whether to use the non-default option for the transport channel prior to initial transmission. + +Once a gateway has selected which transport channel it shall use to transmit, it shall not be permitted to use the other channel during the Modem Relay session. This does not apply to the use of the expedited channel. + +## **12.2 Error-controlled PSTN links** + +This is the typical operational mode of Modem Relay connections. The two PSTN links and the IP-TLP all negotiate their own error control and operational parameters independent of each other. Note this Recommendation does not allow for the exchange of Error Control parameters between the end-to-end modem pair. + +### **12.2.1 Transport channel selection for error-controlled configurations** + +For error-controlled configurations the IP-TLP shall use a Reliable Sequenced Channel (RSC) (e.g., SPRT Channel 1) for both directions of packet transmission. + +### **12.2.2 Flow control for error-controlled configurations** + +With an error-controlled link, full end-to-end flow control is present. The flow control for each of the separate error-controlled links is independent of each other. Such data flow control may be performed using V.42 or IP-TLP (e.g., SPRT) procedures. For example, M1/G1 and G2/M2 modem pairs may flow off data from each other by transmitting V.42 RNR: G1 and G2 can flow off by using the window flow control mechanisms of the IP-TLP. + +## **12.3 Non-error-controlled PSTN links** + +Connections occurring in one of the non-error-controlled configurations may occur: + +- Due to an application requiring a synchronous data link; or +- Be disabled to reduce link layer latencies (e.g., electronic gaming); or +- The modems have failed to negotiate error control due to PSTN line conditions. + +If a modem fails to establish an error-controlled link, 7.9/V.42 defines that the fallback shall be according to ITU-T Rec. V.14. V.14 is based upon start-stop delimited data. + +### **12.3.1 Transport channel selection for non-error-controlled links** + +For the non-error-controlled links the selection of the transport channel depends upon whether the links are symmetrically or asymmetrically non-error-controlled. + +#### **12.3.1.1 Symmetric No-EC transport channel selection** + +For the Symmetric No-EC connection, either RSC or an Unreliable Sequenced Channel (USC) (e.g., SPRT Channel 3) may be used for both of the transmission paths of the IP-TLP. The default Transport Channel in this configuration is USC. + +#### **12.3.1.2 Asymmetric No-EC transport channel selection** + +There are independent options for each of the transmit directions for this hybrid mode of operation. For the No-EC to EC transmit direction both the RSC and USC may be used, with the default transport channel being USC. For the EC to No-EC transmit direction again both RSC and USC may be optionally chosen, however, in this case the default is RSC. + +### **12.3.2 Effective data signalling rate matching** + +The relationship between the physical layer and the link layer for MoIP is very important. It is possible for there to be a mismatch in either modulation or data signalling rate between the two PSTN links. A mismatch in the data signalling rates as selected by the PSTN links requires certain considerations to minimize data loss. In general, modulations may be categorized as being either low-speed or high-speed modulations. For this Recommendation, the term high-speed modulations + +refers to V.32/V.32 *bis*, V.34, V.90 etc. and low-speed modulations are V.22/V.22 *bis*, V.23, V.21 etc. The general distinction used is that high-speed modulations provide mechanisms to change their data-signalling rate during a connection and low speed modulations do not. For MoIP this is an important characteristic. + +#### **12.3.2.1 Rate match rule** + +The following rule shall be applied where possible to ensure the best possible reduction in data loss due to mismatched data-signalling rates. + +**12.3.2.1.1** The effective data-signalling rate that a gateway injects into the IP network should be less than the effective data-signalling rate that can be transmitted by the remote gateway onto its telephony leg. + +#### **12.3.3 Symmetric non-error-controlled** + +In this subconfiguration of non-error-controlled links, there are three categories of PSTN link signalling rates to consider: matched high-speed modulations, matched low-speed modulations and mismatched modulations. + +#### **12.3.3.1 Matched high-speed modulations** + +In this category, both the PSTN links have selected a modulation that has the ability to modify their data-signalling rates during the connection, either by retrain or a rate renegotiation procedure. The Rate Match Rule (see 12.3.2.1.1) should be applied during a MR session. + +#### **12.3.3.2 Matched low-speed modulations** + +In this category, both PSTN links have selected to operate in a low-speed modulation. Since there is no ability to modify the data-signalling rate for this type of connection, the gateways should use appropriate buffering to minimize loss of data while avoiding excess latency. + +Note that the use of data buffering is implementation specific and is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +#### **12.3.3.3 Mismatched modulations** + +This category is where one of the PSTN links has selected a high-speed modulation and, the other link, a low-speed modulation. If possible, the high-speed link should change its data-signalling rate to meet the requirements of the Rate Match Rule. If a match of rate is not possible due to non-overlap in the supported rates in the links, a best effort should be made. As with the matched low-speed modulation case, use of data buffering and reduced latency may reduce data loss. + +#### **12.3.3.4 IP-TLP data under-run** + +For connections where an effective data signalling rate mismatch is unavoidable, there is a possibility that the IP network data being received by the gateway with the higher speed PSTN link will under-run. If appropriate to the data type being transported, this gateway may attempt to fill out the data by inserting the correct idle symbol. + +#### **12.3.4 Asymmetric non-error-controlled** + +This considers the case where the connection has both an error-controlled PSTN link and a non-error-controlled PSTN link. Loss of data due to mismatched data-signalling rates is mitigated to some degree by the presence of one error-controlled entity in the connection. There are four combinations to consider for this type of connection. + +#### **12.3.4.1 Low-speed error-controlled link to low-speed non-error-controlled link** + +For this example, there are also two conditions to consider. Although the modulations selected for the links are considered low-speed, there may still be mismatched data-signalling rates. For example, V.22 *bis* to V.21, which would give 2400 bit/s on one of the links and 300 bit/s on the other. The symmetric case could also occur. + +##### **12.3.4.1.1 Error-controlled has higher rate** + +Since the link with the higher rate is error-controlled, its effective data-signalling rate being input to the IP network can be less than the rate at which it is being delivered from the peer gateway to its local modem. This meets the Rate Match Rule defined in 12.3.2.1.1. + +##### **12.3.4.1.2 Non-error-controlled has higher rate** + +In this type of connection, the Rate Match Rule for the error-controlled to non-error-controlled transmit path is established, so there are no issues with data over-run. However, in the non-error-controlled to error-controlled transmission path, the data-signalling rate from the G2/M2 link is higher than that of the M1/G1 link. It will require appropriate buffering of data to minimize data loss due to over-running of data. + +#### **12.3.4.2 High-speed error-controlled link to low-speed non-error-controlled link** + +This connection type is similar to that described in 12.3.4.1.1. The ability for the high-speed modulated link to modify its data-signalling rate, such that it meets the Rate Match Rule, is an advantage for this case. + +#### **12.3.4.3 Low-speed error-controlled link to high-speed non-error-controlled link** + +This connection type is similar to that described in 12.3.4.1.2. The data-signalling rate from the error-controlled link is less than that of the non-error-controlled link. In the opposite direction, it is possible for the rate from non-error-controlled link to exceed the ability of the error-controlled link to receive it without over-running. + +Since the non-error-controlled link has the ability to modify its data-signalling rate to meet the Rate Match Rule, then loss of data can be mitigated. In the case where the Rate Match Rule cannot be met, additional buffering may help, but loss of data may still occur. + +#### **12.3.4.4 High-speed error-controlled link to high-speed non-error-controlled link** + +For this connection type, both links have the ability to modify their data-signalling rate. Applying the Rate Match Rule to adjust the effective data-signalling rates of the two PSTN links will mitigate any potential data loss due to over-run. + +## **12.4 Break handling** + +This clause introduces how a MoIP gateway supports the transport of break signals that are generated by an end-point DCE. Also described are the methods used to handle the break acknowledgement signal when it is applicable. Clauses 15.4.6 and 15.4.7 define the message formats and 22.1.1 defines the procedures. + +The following error-correcting scenarios (as defined in 12.1) are all considered: error corrected; symmetrical non-error corrected and asymmetrical non-error corrected. + +Every unique (non-repeated) break signal generated by a local end-point DCE shall be relayed to the remote end-point DCE. Repeated break signals shall not be relayed to the end-point DCE. For the case where the error control protocols are different, or not present on each end of the connections, a break type translation or mapping rule is defined (see Table 38). Also specified are the IP-TLP channels that the break and break acknowledgment messages shall use. + +In the symmetric non-error corrected scenario, the transport of the break signal may or may not be transparent, depending upon the data type being used in the MR session. + +# 13 Modem relay trans-compression functions + +This clause describes the Trans-Compression functionality. The Trans-Compression Message definitions are described in 15.2.2, 15.4.2 and 15.4.5. The procedures used to select and operate the Trans-Compression functions are defined in 22.2.3 and 22.2.4. + +Gateways can be classified by their Trans-Compression (TCX) functionality. TCX is defined as: + +An element that consists of a Decompression function of Type A (Dx) and a Compression function of Type B (Cx), where the output of Dx is connected to the input of Cx. Compression and Decompression Types (e.g., V.42 *bis*, V.44) A and B may or may not be the same. + +![Figure 6/V.150.1 – Trans-compression function diagram](a0739aaf13fa5a632d4faa830f6b2708_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a block representing a Trans-compression function. It is divided into two sections: 'Dx' (Decompression) on the left and 'Cx' (Compression) on the right. An input arrow enters the 'Dx' section from the left. An output arrow exits the 'Cx' section to the right. The label 'V.150.1\_F06' is located below the output arrow. + +Figure 6/V.150.1 – Trans-compression function diagram + +**Figure 6/V.150.1 – Trans-compression function** + +Figure 6 shows the Trans-compression function. Note that Dx, Cx or both can be on or off depending upon the outcome of compression negotiations. + +In the situation where a trans-compression element has identical characteristics for both the Dx and Cx, then trans-compression is unnecessary. Gateways may disable trans-compression and revert to a no trans-compression configuration or transparent case for TCX. + +This Recommendation defines three basic configurations of TCX. These are described below. + +Gateways that implement trans-compression shall support V.42 *bis* compression. Other compression mechanisms are optional. + +## 13.1 No Trans-Compression (N-TCX) + +In this configuration as shown in Figure 7, the gateways do not perform any trans-compression but, by means of a proxy-procedure, negotiate on behalf of the modems a common compression mode in terms of algorithm and parameters. The compressed data generated by modems M1 and M2 is transferred end to end. + +![Figure 7/V.150.1 – No trans-compression diagram](c8e5b3ef81948bb13d5c6c3c326799ea_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the 'No Trans-Compression' configuration. It shows a sequence of components: Modem M1, Gateway G1, Gateway G2, and Modem M2. Modem M1 is a vertical rectangle with 'Cx' on top and 'Dx' on the bottom. Modem M2 is a vertical rectangle with 'Dx' on top and 'Cx' on the bottom. Gateway G1 and Gateway G2 are represented by dashed boxes, each containing a 2x2 grid of 'X' marks. The connections are as follows: a line from M1's 'Cx' to G1's top-left 'X'; a line from G1's top-right 'X' to G2's top-left 'X'; a line from G2's top-right 'X' to M2's 'Dx'; a line from M2's 'Cx' to G2's bottom-right 'X'; a line from G2's bottom-left 'X' to G1's bottom-left 'X'; and a line from G1's bottom-right 'X' to M1's 'Dx'. The links between M1 and G1, G1 and G2, and G2 and M2 are labeled 'PSTN link' and 'IP network' respectively. The label 'V.150.1\_F07' is at the bottom right. + +Figure 7/V.150.1 – No trans-compression diagram + +**Figure 7/V.150.1 – No trans-compression** + +## 13.2 Single Trans-Compression (S-TCX) + +In this configuration, the gateways only perform a single Trans-Compression function and the trans-compression functions are equally shared between the gateways. + +By convention, the On-Ramp gateway (G1) shall place its trans-compression function in the G1 to M1 transmission path and the Off-Ramp gateway (G2) shall place its trans-compression function in the G2 to M2 transmission path as illustrated in Figure 8. + +A Single Trans-Compression gateway shall also provide No Trans-Compression mode of operation. + +![Diagram of Single Trans-Compression (S-TCX) configuration.](58f4167687de8d7339594e5f6fbe0bc6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Single Trans-Compression (S-TCX) configuration. It shows a sequence of components: M1, G1, G2, and M2, connected by PSTN links and an IP network. + +- M1:** A vertical rectangle divided into two sections. The top section is labeled 'Cx' and the bottom section is labeled 'Dx'. +- G1:** A dashed rectangle divided into four quadrants. The top-left and bottom-right quadrants contain an 'X'. The top-right and bottom-left quadrants are empty. +- G2:** A dashed rectangle divided into four quadrants. The top-left and bottom-right quadrants contain an 'X'. The top-right and bottom-left quadrants are empty. +- M2:** A vertical rectangle divided into two sections. The top section is labeled 'D' and the bottom section is labeled 'C'. + +Connections and Labels: + +- A horizontal arrow points from M1 to G1. +- A horizontal arrow points from G1 to G2. +- A horizontal arrow points from G2 to M2. +- A horizontal arrow points from M2 back to G2. +- A horizontal arrow points from G2 back to G1. +- A horizontal arrow points from G1 back to M1. +- Below M1 and G1 is the label 'PSTN link'. +- Below G1 and G2 is the label 'IP network'. +- Below G2 and M2 is the label 'PSTN link'. +- At the bottom right is the label 'V.150.1\_F08'. + +Diagram of Single Trans-Compression (S-TCX) configuration. + +Figure 8/V.150.1 – Single trans-compression + +## 13.3 Double Trans-Compression (D-TCX) + +A Double Trans-Compression gateway is one that has two such functions, one in each transmission path. Figures 9 and 10 illustrate the configuration of the Double Trans-Compression gateway. In Figure 9, G2 is the Double Trans-compression and in Figure 10, both G1 and G2 are Double Trans-compression functions. + +A Double Trans-Compression gateway shall also support Single Trans-Compression and No Trans-Compression modes of operation. + +![Diagram of Double Trans-Compression (D-TCX) configuration (asymmetric).](bb3354f497635d15bef873577125c48d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Double Trans-Compression (D-TCX) configuration (asymmetric). It shows a sequence of components: M1, G1, G2, and M2, connected by PSTN links and an IP network. + +- M1:** A vertical rectangle divided into two sections. The top section is labeled 'Cx' and the bottom section is labeled 'Dx'. +- G1:** A dashed rectangle divided into four quadrants. The top-left and bottom-right quadrants contain an 'X'. The top-right and bottom-left quadrants are empty. +- G2:** A solid rectangle divided into four quadrants. The top-left and bottom-right quadrants contain an 'X'. The top-right and bottom-left quadrants are empty. +- M2:** A vertical rectangle divided into two sections. The top section is labeled 'Dx' and the bottom section is labeled 'Cx'. + +Connections and Labels: + +- A horizontal arrow points from M1 to G1. +- A horizontal arrow points from G1 to G2. +- A horizontal arrow points from G2 to M2. +- A horizontal arrow points from M2 back to G2. +- A horizontal arrow points from G2 back to G1. +- A horizontal arrow points from G1 back to M1. +- Below M1 and G1 is the label 'PSTN link'. +- Below G1 and G2 is the label 'IP network'. +- Below G2 and M2 is the label 'PSTN link'. +- At the bottom right is the label 'V.150.1\_F09'. + +Diagram of Double Trans-Compression (D-TCX) configuration (asymmetric). + +Figure 9/V.150.1 – Double trans-compression (asymmetric) + +![Figure 10/V.150.1 – Double trans-compression (symmetric). This diagram shows a symmetric configuration for double trans-compression. It consists of four main components: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 is a 2x1 block with 'Cx' on top and 'Dx' on the bottom. G1 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx' in the bottom row. G2 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx' in the bottom row. M2 is a 2x1 block with 'Dx' on top and 'Cx' on the bottom. Arrows indicate data flow: from M1 to G1, from G1 to G2, and from G2 to M2. Below the diagram, the links are labeled: 'PSTN link' between M1 and G1, 'IP network' between G1 and G2, and 'PSTN link' between G2 and M2. The identifier 'V.150.1_F10' is at the bottom right.](aaf3e6e44cdeabd6d1df869c5f392ea1_img.jpg) + +Figure 10/V.150.1 – Double trans-compression (symmetric). This diagram shows a symmetric configuration for double trans-compression. It consists of four main components: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 is a 2x1 block with 'Cx' on top and 'Dx' on the bottom. G1 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx' in the bottom row. G2 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx' in the bottom row. M2 is a 2x1 block with 'Dx' on top and 'Cx' on the bottom. Arrows indicate data flow: from M1 to G1, from G1 to G2, and from G2 to M2. Below the diagram, the links are labeled: 'PSTN link' between M1 and G1, 'IP network' between G1 and G2, and 'PSTN link' between G2 and M2. The identifier 'V.150.1\_F10' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 10/V.150.1 – Double trans-compression (symmetric)** + +## 13.4 Mixed-function operation + +These previous figures describe the generic reference model for the gateway compression. There are many possible permutations of the trans-compression function along with different compression types. Figure 11 shows two such examples. The first illustrates a trans-compression between V.42 *bis* and V.44 and the second is between V.42 *bis* and a no compression case. + +![Figure 11/V.150.1 a) Single trans-compression (V.42 bis to V.44). This diagram shows a single trans-compression configuration. M1 is a 2x1 block with 'Cx' on top and 'Dx' on the bottom, labeled 'V.42 bis'. G1 is a 2x2 block with 'X' and 'X' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx' in the bottom row. G2 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx' in the top row, and 'X' and 'X' in the bottom row, labeled 'V.42 bis' and 'V.44'. M2 is a 2x1 block with 'Dx' on top and 'Cx' on the bottom, labeled 'V.44'. Arrows indicate data flow: from M1 to G1, from G1 to G2, and from G2 to M2. Below the diagram, the links are labeled: 'PSTN link' between M1 and G1, 'IP network' between G1 and G2, and 'PSTN link' between G2 and M2. The identifier 'V.150.1_F11' is at the bottom right.](e90987faabad6a6665cd8ed1151dc474_img.jpg) + +Figure 11/V.150.1 a) Single trans-compression (V.42 bis to V.44). This diagram shows a single trans-compression configuration. M1 is a 2x1 block with 'Cx' on top and 'Dx' on the bottom, labeled 'V.42 bis'. G1 is a 2x2 block with 'X' and 'X' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx' in the bottom row. G2 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx' in the top row, and 'X' and 'X' in the bottom row, labeled 'V.42 bis' and 'V.44'. M2 is a 2x1 block with 'Dx' on top and 'Cx' on the bottom, labeled 'V.44'. Arrows indicate data flow: from M1 to G1, from G1 to G2, and from G2 to M2. Below the diagram, the links are labeled: 'PSTN link' between M1 and G1, 'IP network' between G1 and G2, and 'PSTN link' between G2 and M2. The identifier 'V.150.1\_F11' is at the bottom right. + +**a) Single trans-compression (V.42 *bis* to V.44)** + +![Figure 11/V.150.1 b) Double trans-compression (asymmetric) with M2 disabling compression and M1 using V.42 bis. This diagram shows an asymmetric double trans-compression configuration. M1 is a 2x1 block with 'Cx' on top and 'Dx' on the bottom, labeled 'V.42 bis'. G1 is a 2x2 block with 'X' and 'X' in the top row, and 'X' and 'X' in the bottom row. G2 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx'' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx'' in the bottom row, labeled 'V.42 bis' and 'No compression'. M2 is a 2x1 block with 'X' on top and 'X' on the bottom, labeled 'No compression'. Arrows indicate data flow: from M1 to G1, from G1 to G2, and from G2 to M2. Below the diagram, the links are labeled: 'PSTN link' between M1 and G1, 'IP network' between G1 and G2, and 'PSTN link' between G2 and M2. The identifier 'V.150.1_F11' is at the bottom right.](088921fa3f5a44c8551815122517eefd_img.jpg) + +Figure 11/V.150.1 b) Double trans-compression (asymmetric) with M2 disabling compression and M1 using V.42 bis. This diagram shows an asymmetric double trans-compression configuration. M1 is a 2x1 block with 'Cx' on top and 'Dx' on the bottom, labeled 'V.42 bis'. G1 is a 2x2 block with 'X' and 'X' in the top row, and 'X' and 'X' in the bottom row. G2 is a 2x2 block with 'Dx' and 'Cx'' in the top row, and 'Cx' and 'Dx'' in the bottom row, labeled 'V.42 bis' and 'No compression'. M2 is a 2x1 block with 'X' on top and 'X' on the bottom, labeled 'No compression'. Arrows indicate data flow: from M1 to G1, from G1 to G2, and from G2 to M2. Below the diagram, the links are labeled: 'PSTN link' between M1 and G1, 'IP network' between G1 and G2, and 'PSTN link' between G2 and M2. The identifier 'V.150.1\_F11' is at the bottom right. + +**b) Double trans-compression (asymmetric) with M2 disabling compression and M1 using V.42 *bis*** + +NOTE – Cx' and Dx' represent disabled compression and decompression functions. + +**Figure 11/V.150.1 – Two examples of mixed-function trans-compression configuration** + +## 13.5 Hierarchy for interoperability + +To support the ability of a gateway to choose a configuration that best suits its needs (i.e., MIPS, memory and performance optimization), the gateway may support any of the basic configurations of Trans-Compression as described in 13.1, 13.2 and 13.3. However, in order to guarantee + +interoperability, this clause defines a hierarchy of minimum Trans-Compression functionality that a gateway is required to support. + +There are two phases in the process to determine the configuration of the TCX. The first phase is the capability exchange phase. This occurs during the call set-up. These messages are defined in 15.2.2 and are exchanged between the On-Ramp and Off-Ramp gateways. The gateways declare whether they are of the None, Single or Double Trans-Compression types. + +For the case where both G1 and G2 declare they are Double Trans-Compression gateways, their initial configuration can be Single-to-Single configuration or if both gateways indicate their desire they can mutually choose the Symmetric Double Trans-Compression configuration. This option is indicated as part of the gateways compression capability message during the call set-up phase (see 15.2.10). + +As a result of the Trans-Compression capability exchange, the gateways shall select the mode of operation as defined in Table 1. + +**Table 1/V.150.1 – Trans-compression mode selection** + +| Trans-compression mode capabilities exchanged | | Resultant trans-compression mode selected by gateways | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------|----------------------| +| G1 | G2 | G1 | G2 | +| No | No | No | No | +| No | Single | No | No | +| No | Double | No | Double | +| Single | No | No | No | +| Single | Single | Single | Single | +| Single | Double | Single | Single | +| Double | No | Double | None | +| Double | Single | Single | Single | +| Double | Double | Single/Double (Note) | Single/Double (Note) | +| NOTE – If both gateways indicate their ability and desire to support Double-Double configuration it shall do so, otherwise they shall use the Single-Single configuration. | | | | + +## 13.6 XID/LR profiles for use in modem relay connection scenario MR1 + +Modem relay connection Scenario MR1 requires both M1 and M2 to negotiate identical compression parameters. This clause defines an optional method to provide the ability to predict trans-compression parameters based upon knowledge gained from a previous connection, or by other means. This will allow the gateways to optimize the protocol XID/LR exchange for improved connect time, compression efficiency, and connectivity. + +The gateways may exchange their knowledge as described in 22.2.5, and use this information to agree on optimal and consistent XID/LR command and response sequences that each will send when the particular physical connection comes up. + +The advantage of using this prior knowledge is that an actual synchronous end-to-end exchange is not necessary, thus minimizing the timing problems associated with such exchanges. + +The method and means for the gateways to determine or predict the XID/LR profiles is outside the scope of this Recommendation. Only the procedures to allow the exchange of information are defined. + +As indicated, these procedures and messages are optional and are only used when a gateway indicates that it has the ability to receive the new PROF\_XCHG (XID/LR profile exchange) message. This indication is provided in the IP-TLP INIT message. + +# **14 Modem relay data transfer** + +This Recommendation supports the following modem relay data types that are used to exchange user information between the gateways. A set of mandatory data types is defined along with a set of optional types. This clause describes the functionality of the modem relay data types. Their format is described in 15.4.11 and procedures associated with their use in 22.3. + +## **14.1 Data type definitions** + +Octet Data types may or may not contain formatted data. + +The Raw Data types contain data that is in the exact same format and state as it was being transmitted over the PSTN link. No modification to the data is allowed apart from the optional use of compression to reduce the overall amount of data being exchanged between the gateways. The compression defined is lossless and allows for exact representation of the data at a receiver. + +## **14.2 Support of DLCI** + +The support of DLCI is indicated by a code point in the IP-TLP CONNECT message. This bit when received by a gateway indicates that the peer gateway transmitter is to include a DLCI. If transmitted the DLCI shall be interpreted as specified in 8.2.1.1/V.42. Note that the DLCI may be eight or sixteen-bit fields. + +## **14.3 General statement on the use of start-stop characters** + +Unless specifically indicated Start-Stop character data shall be sent unpacked, that is one character per octet and one octet per character. MoIP requires implementations to support Start-Stop character formats of one stop bit and whose character may be represented in an eight-bit data field, which may consist of both data and parity. This allows the transparent support of seven-bit data and parity or eight-bit data no parity characters. + +## **14.4 Selection of data types** + +For a given error-correction mode of operation a default data type is defined. For symmetrical data type operation, both gateway IP transmitters shall use the same data type. Asymmetric data types may be used if both gateways indicate support in their INIT message. A gateway shall use symmetric data types by default. + +A gateway shall not change the data type during that modem relay session. + +## **14.5 Mandatory modem relay data types** + +The choice of mandatory data types is dependent upon the error correction configuration negotiated. For each of these configurations a default is specified. The default data type for error-controlled configurations is octet without format. For asymmetric non-error-controlled, it is also octet without format. In the symmetric non-error-controlled configuration the default is raw octet compressed. + +For the error-controlled and asymmetric non-error-controlled configurations, raw octet compressed may not be used; the only choice from the mandatory set is octet without format. For symmetric non-error-corrected configurations, both octet without formatting and raw octet compressed may be chosen. If the configuration is symmetric non-error-controlled octet without format is treated as an optional data type in the data type selection procedures. + +### **14.5.1 Octet without formatting** + +This data type may be used for error-controlled data or character data mode. When used in character data mode, it shall not include start-stop bits. This data type may include DLCI. The use of the DLCI is indicated by a codepoint in the IP-TLP CONNECT message. + +### **14.5.2 Raw octet compressed** + +This data type has application with synchronous data streams. This raw data type shall preserve all bits received from the DCE interface. The amount of data exchanged may be reduced by use of simple compression. Repeated octet patterns are coded and removed by the transmitter from the data stream. The receiver decodes the stream and restores it to original form. + +## **14.6 Optional modem relay data types** + +Gateways shall indicate the capability and support of their receivers for the optional data types defined in this Recommendation. Gateway packet transmitters shall not use an optional data type if the peer gateway receiver does not support it and there is no obligation of the transmitter of an optional data types to use a capability indicated by a receiver. + +### **14.6.1 Character with formatting data type** + +This data type allows for the transport of Start-Stop characters of different formats. The characters are transmitted unpacked (i.e., one character per octet, one octet per character). This data type shall use the same format rules as defined in Annex B/V.42. The mandatory Start-Stop character capabilities a gateway shall support are Data plus Parity shall equal eight bits and one stop-bit. + +There are two forms of this data type; both are indicated as separate options. The first allows for the changing of character format during a MR session and the second does not. Each type has a unique message ID. + +### **14.6.2 Raw bit compressed data type** + +This data type is used in the same application as the raw octet compressed type. This format codes and decodes N-bit repeated patterns. N may have the value of 8. + +### **14.6.3 Framed data type** + +This optional data type is for use by a pair of consenting gateways if a gateway is able to determine that the data format is Framed data consistent with ISO/IEC 3309 and 4335. If this data type is selected by the gateways, it may transmit the data with the framing elements removed. These elements if removed shall be replaced by the receiver such that the data remains consistent with ISO/IEC 3309 and 4335. The means and method by which a gateway determines the data type is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +This data type shall not be used when either or both gateways have negotiated V.42 or Annex A/V.42 (1996). + +## **14.7 Gateway-to-gateway control channel functionality and interfaces** + +The gateway-to-gateway control channel shall be reliable and provide expedited delivery of control information (IP-TLP messages). + +# **15 Modem-over-IP functionality and interfaces** + +## **15.1 Gateway-to-gateway protocol definitions and procedures** + +### **15.1.1 General** + +The gateway-to-gateway communication is specified by the ASN.1 description in Annex A. This description complies with the specification of ASN.1 (see ITU-T Rec. X.680). The ASN.1 encoding in Annex A shall employ the BASIC-ALIGNED version of Packed Encoding Rules (PER) according to ITU-T Rec. X.691. In the case of a conflict between the ASN.1 and the text, the ASN.1 governs. + +### **15.1.2 Bit and octet transmission order** + +Transmission order is as defined in Internet RFC 791 "Internet Protocol," quoted herein as reference: + +- The order of transmission of the header and data described in this Recommendation is resolved to the octet level. Whenever a diagram shows a group of octets, the order of transmission of those octets is the normal order in which they are read in English. For example, in the following diagram the octets are transmitted in the order they are numbered. + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|----|---|---|---|----|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | +| 1 | | | | 2 | | | | 3 | | | | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 5 | | | | 6 | | | | 7 | | | | 8 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 9 | | | | 10 | | | | 11 | | | | 12 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +**Figure 12/V.150.1 – Transmission order of octets (based on RFC 791, Figure 10)** + +- Whenever an octet represents a numeric quantity the left most bit in the diagram is the high order or most significant bit. This is, the bit labelled 0 is the most significant bit. For example, the following diagram represents the value 170 (decimal). + +| | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | +| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | + +**Figure 13/V.150.1 – Significance of bit (based on RFC 791, Figure 11)** + +- Similarly, whenever a multi-octet field represents a numeric quantity the left most bit of the whole field is the most significant bit. When a multi-octet quantity is transmitted the most significant octet is transmitted first. + +### **15.1.3 V.42 I/UI frame preservation** + +Information is copied between V.42 I/UI frames and the appropriate MoIP gateway PDU without regard to any field structure of the V.42 I/UI frames. It is copied as a sequence of octets, with the order of the octets preserved. + +## **15.2 Gateway capability and call set-up messages** + +This clause defines the functionality of the messages that are exchanged between gateways during the Call Set-up phase. These definitions are used by the following protocols: Annex P/H.323, H.248 (TBD), H.245 and SIP/SDP. The values shown in this set of messages represent what should + +be functionally indicated by the signalling protocol. Actual values are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +NOTE – In the following definitions default parameter values, if they exist, are shown in bold. + +### 15.2.1 V.150.1 version + +This is the version of this Recommendation that the gateway implements. See 1.1. + +### 15.2.2 TCX definitions + +The following definitions are included in the Call Set-up message. These are used as part of the TCX procedures as defined in 22.2. + +#### 15.2.2.1 Supported trans-compression capability + +(Mnemonic: tcxMode) This message indicates the TCX capability of the gateway. Only one mode should be indicated. + +**Table 2/V.150.1 – Supported TCX capability values** + +| Parameter | Value | +|--------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Supported TCX capability | Non-TCX/
Single-TCX/Double-TCX | + +#### 15.2.2.2 Compression modes available + +(Mnemonic: cpxSupport) This bit field indicates the compression capabilities the gateway is able to support. + +**Table 3/V.150.1 – Optional compression modes available** + +| Optional compression mode | Value | +|-----------------------------|-------------------------| +| V.44 | Available/Not Available | +| MNP5 mode (See Appendix VI) | Available/Not Available | + +#### 15.2.2.3 V.42 *bis* parameters + +(Mnemonic: v42bisParam) If the gateway supports V.42 *bis* compression this message would indicate the maximum parameters the gateway supports for V.42 *bis*. + +**Table 4/V.150.1 – V.42 *bis* parameters** + +| Mnemonic | Description | +|---------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------| +| V42bNumCodewords | Proposed number of codewords. Valid values from 512 to 65535. | +| v42bMaxStringLength | Maximum string length. Valid values from 6 to 250. | + +#### 15.2.2.4 V.44 parameters + +(Mnemonic: v44Param) If the gateway supports V.44 compression as indicated above, this message would indicate the maximum parameters the gateway supports for V.44. + +**Table 5/V.150.1 – V.44 parameters** + +| Mnemonic | Description | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| v44NumTxCodewords | Proposed number of codewords in the transmitter. Valid values from 256 to 65535. | +| v44NumRxCodewords | Proposed number of codewords in the receiver. Valid values from 256 to 65535. | +| v44MaxTxStringLength | Maximum string length in the transmitter. Valid values from 32 to 255. | +| v44MaxRxStringLength | Maximum string length in the receiver. Valid values from 32 to 255. | +| V44LenTxHistory | Proposed size of the transmitter history. Valid values from 512 to 65535. | +| V44LenRxHistory | Proposed size of the receiver history. Valid values from 512 to 65535. | + +### 15.2.3 Modem relay mode + +This parameter indicates the gateways Modem Relay type is of type V-MR or U-MR. + +**Table 6/V.150.1 – Modem relay mode** + +| Parameter | Value | +|----------------------------|--------------| +| Supported Modem Relay Type | V-MR/U-MR | + +### 15.2.4 Modulation support + +A list of the V-series modulations supported in Modem Relay mode by the gateway. + +The list is comprised of V.17, V.21, V.22/V.22 *bis*, V.23 (duplex and half-duplex), V.26 *bis*, V.26 *ter*, V.27 *ter*, V.32/V.32 *bis*, V.34 (duplex and half-duplex), V.90 (analogue and digital), V.91 and V.92 (analogue and digital). + +### 15.2.5 VBD parameters + +The specification of the VBD parameters are beyond the scope of this Recommendation. See 8.1. + +### 15.2.6 Answer tone treatment + +As part of the Answer tone processing, all MoIP gateways are required to support and indicate at a minimum, the following RFC 2833 events: + +ANS (32), /ANS (33), ANSam (34) and /ANSam (35). + +### 15.2.7 SPRT parameters + +If the default IP-TLP SPRT is to be used, then the following parameters are required to be indicated: + +Maximum payload size of SPRT channels 0 to 3 and maximum window size for SPRT channels 1 and 2. + +### 15.2.8 FoIP support + +This parameter indicates that the gateway has the ability to support T.38 FoIP. It is not necessary for an external signalling mechanism to include specific indication of this ability in the MoIP messaging set, if an alternative mechanism is already defined. However, the information as to the peer gateways ability to support FoIP should be passed to the MoIP application. This will allow the gateway to make appropriate decisions should it determine that a connection is a facsimile call during its discrimination procedures. + +**Table 7/V.150.1 – FoIP support values** + +| Parameter | Value | +|---------------------|-------------------------| +| T.38 FoIP Supported | Supported/Not Supported | + +### **15.2.9 JM delay support** + +This parameter indicates the ability of a gateway to support the JM delay procedure as defined in 20.7. The default is Not Supported. If both gateways have negotiated connection scenario MR1 and both indicate JM delay procedure support they shall follow the procedures as defined in 20.7 for both On-ramp and Off-ramp gateways. + +**Table 8/V.150.1 – JM delay support values** + +| Parameter | Value | +|------------------------------|-------------------------| +| JM Delay Procedure Supported | Supported/Not Supported | + +### **15.2.10 Double-to-double TCX preference** + +This parameter indicates the preference of a D-TCX gateway, when connecting to another D-TCX gateway as to which TCX mode it shall use as the basis for its initial configuration. The default is Single. + +**Table 9/V.150.1 – Double-to-double TCX support values** + +| Parameter | Value | +|-----------------------------------|---------------| +| D-TCX to D-TCX initial preference | Single/Double | + +### **15.2.11 Call discrimination mode selection** + +(Mnemonic: *CDSCselect*) This parameter indicates which of the three call discrimination modes a gateway prefers. The three possible mode choices for this parameter are (refer to 20.3): Audio (RFC 2833), VBD-select and Mixed. + +**Table 10/V.150.1 – Supported TCX capability values** + +| Parameter | Value | +|------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| Call discrimination mode Preferred | Audio (RFC 2833)/VBD-select/Mixed | + +### **15.2.12 ToIP support** + +The support of ToIP is for future study. + +## **15.3 Gateway call discrimination messages** + +During this phase of MoIP gateway operation, the following signals may be transmitted or received. The support of both SSE and RFC 2833 events ANS, /ANS, ANSam and /ANSam is required. The use of Tone Packets as defined in section 4 of RFC 2833 shall not be used for transporting the Answer Tone events. + +**Table 11/V.150.1 – Call discrimination messages** + +| Title | Transport channel | Event codes (decimal) | Functional description of message content | Comments | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| ANS | RFC 2833 | 32 | G2 detect ANS | Uses section 3 of RFC 2833 | +| /ANS | RFC 2833 | 33 | G2 detect /ANS | Uses section 3 of RFC 2833 | +| ANSam | RFC 2833 | 34 | G2 detect ANSam | Uses section 3 of RFC 2833 | +| /ANSam | RFC 2833 | 35 | G2 detect /ANSam | Uses section 3 of RFC 2833 | +| Audio Mode | SSE (Note) | 1 | Switch to Audio | Includes Reason Code | +| VBD mode | SSE (Note) | 2 | Switch to VBD per capabilities | Includes Reason Code | +| Modem Relay Mode | SSE (Note) | 3 | Switch to MR per capabilities | Includes Reason Code plus Information field | +| Fax Relay | SSE (Note) | 4 | Switch to FoIP | Procedures for this media switch are for further study | +| Text Relay | SSE (Note) | 5 | Switch to ToIP | Procedures used for this media switch are for further study | +| NOTE – The SSE protocol is defined in Annex C. The Event codes are defined also in the same annex. | | | | | + +### 15.3.1 SSE reason identifier codes + +The following are the Reason Identifier Codes to be used with the SSE protocol as defined in Annex C. + +**Table 12/V.150.1 – SSE RIC codes for MoIP** + +| Name | Code (decimal) | Additional informational content | +|----------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Null | 0 | None | +| CM | 1 | Available modulation modes as indicated in the CM sequence (Format is defined in Table 13) | +| JM | 2 | Available modulation modes as indicated in the JM sequence (Format is defined in Table 13) | +| AA | 3 | None | +| AC | 4 | None | +| USB1 | 5 | None | +| SB1 | 6 | None | +| S1 | 7 | None | +| V.21 Ch2 | 8 | None | +| V.21 Ch1 | 9 | None | +| V.23 High channel | 10 | None | +| V.23 Low channel | 11 | None | +| Tone (2225 Hz) | 12 | None | +| V.21 Ch2 HDLC Flags | 13 | None | +| Indeterminate signal | 14 | None | +| Silence | 15 | None | + +**Table 12/V.150.1 – SSE RIC codes for MoIP** + +| Name | Code (decimal) | Additional informational content | +|---------------------|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CNG | 16 | None | +| Voice | 17 | None | +| Time-Out | 18 | Indicates that a timeout has occurred. The timeout event and format is defined in Table 14. | +| p' State Transition | 19 | None | +| Cleardown | 20 | Indicates reason for clear down. Format is defined in Table 15. | +| ANS/CED (2100 Hz) | 21 | None | +| ANSam | 22 | None | +| /ANS | 23 | None | +| /ANSam | 24 | None | +| QC1a | 25 | None | +| QC1d | 26 | None | +| QC2a | 27 | None | +| QC2d | 28 | None | +| Cre | 29 | None | +| CRd | 30 | None | +| Reserved | 31-127 | Reserved for use by ITU-T | +| Vendor Specific | 128-255 | For use by vendor. | + +**Table 13/V.150.1 – CM and JM additional information format in SSE payload (Bits 16 to 31)** + +| Bit numbers | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Modulation availability | +|-------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-------------------------| +| 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | | +| X | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | PCM mode | +| | X | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | V.34 duplex | +| | | X | | | | | | | | | | | | | | V.34 half-duplex | +| | | | X | | | | | | | | | | | | | V.32/V.32 bis | +| | | | | X | | | | | | | | | | | | V.22/V.22 bis | +| | | | | | X | | | | | | | | | | | V.17 | +| | | | | | | X | | | | | | | | | | V.29 half-duplex | +| | | | | | | | X | | | | | | | | | V.27 ter | +| | | | | | | | | X | | | | | | | | V.26 ter | +| | | | | | | | | | X | | | | | | | V.26 bis | +| | | | | | | | | | | X | | | | | | V.23 duplex | +| | | | | | | | | | | | X | | | | | V.23 half-duplex | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | X | | | | V.21 | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | X | | | V.90 or V.92 analogue | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | X | | V.90 or V.92 digital | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | X | V.91 | + +**Table 14/V.150.1 – SSE timeout reason code definitions in SSE payload (Bits 16 to 31)** + +| Time-out
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| b16:b23 | This field indicates the eight-bit code used to identify the timeout event. The values for this field are:
0: NULL
1: Call discrimination timeout
2: IP-TLP timeout
3: SSE explicit acknowledgement timeout | +| b24:b31 | This field provides an eight-bit field which may be used to provide additional vendor specific information regarding the timeout. | + +**Table 15/V.150.1 – SSE clear down reason code definitions in SSE payload (Bits 16 to 40)** + +| Clear-down
MSB:LSB of
SSE payload
| Definition | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| b16:b23 | This field indicates the eight-bit code used to identify the clear down event. The values used for this field are the same as used for bits 0 through 7 of the IP-TLP CLRDOWN message and are defined in Table 28. | +| b24:b31 | Reserved for use by the ITU-T. Each of these shall be set to binary-zero. | +| b48:b55 | This field contains the eight-bit vendor-Tag as defined in clause 8/V.150.0. | +| b56:b63 | This field provides an eight-bit field which may be used to provide additional vendor specific information regarding the clear down. | +| NOTE – The fields used to optionally indicate vendor-specific information uses the extension capability of the SSE payload as described in C.3.2. | | + +## 15.4 Modem relay status messages + +Table 16 lists the IP-TLP messages and their message identifier used to transport MoIP control and user data. This clause defines the functionality and format of these messages. + +**Table 16/V.150.1 – List of modem relay messages** + +| Message
Name
| Message
ID
(decimal)
| Transport
Channel
| Description | +|-------------------------|-------------------------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| NULL | 0 | N/A | Reserved for use by ITU-T | +| INIT | 1 | 2 | Sent upon IP-TLP activation. Indicates: transport channel capabilities, data type and XID profile exchange | +| XID_XCHG | 2 | 2 | Message contains the XID information to be used for compression negotiation for connection scenarios in which either gateway is a N-TCX | +| JM_INFO | 3 | 2 | Contains JM signal information for CM-JM procedure | +| START_JM | 4 | 2 | See JM delay procedures in 20.7 | +| CONNECT | 5 | 2 | Sent when gateway is ready to exchange user-data. Message indicates the local dial-up link connection parameters (e.g., modulation, data signalling rates, error control and compression) | + +**Table 16/V.150.1 – List of modem relay messages** + +| Message Name | Message ID (decimal) | Transport Channel | Description | +|--------------|----------------------|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Break | 6 | | Sent when a gateway detects a break signal from its local DCE | +| Break_Ack | 7 | | Used to indicate to a peer gateway that a break acknowledge signal has been detected | +| MR_EVENT | 8 | 2 | Sent by gateway to indicate a change of data mode state during modem relay. Includes physical layer parameters (modulation, data signalling rate and symbol rate), Retrain and Rate renegotiation event indication | +| CLEARDOWN | 9 | 2 | Indicates cleardown event and reason | +| PROF_XCHG | 10 | 2 | Indicates to the peer gateway the XID profile of the gateway's local modem | +| Reserved | 11-15 | N/A | Reserved for use by ITU-T | +| I_RAW-OCTET | 16 | 1 or 3 | Raw Octet compressed | +| I_RAW-BIT | 17 | 1 or 3 | Raw bit compressed (optional) | +| I_OCTET | 18 | 1 or 3 | Octet without formatting | +| I_CHAR-STAT | 19 | 1 or 3 | Character with static formatting (optional) | +| I_CHAR-DYN | 20 | 1 or 3 | Character with dynamic formatting (optional) | +| I_FRAME | 21 | 1 or 3 | Framed Data (optional) | +| Reserved | 22-99 | N/A | Reserved for use by ITU-T | +| VENDOR | 100-127 | N/A | Vendor specific messages | + +### 15.4.1 Initialization message (INIT) + +This message is sent immediately upon IP-TLP activation. It indicates that an IP-TLP is active on the gateway sending the message. The message indicates the gateways capability for optional data types, IP-TLP receiver channel and XID profile exchange. + +**Table 17/V.150.1 – INIT definitions** + +| INIT bits MSB:LSB | Definition | +|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | NECRxCH if set to binary-one indicates to the gateway receiving the message that if the peer gateway has no Error Control then it prefers to receive on the IP-TLP using the non-default transport channel (RSC). If binary zero then the default channel is used (USC). | +| 1 | ECRxCH if set to binary-one indicates to the gateway receiving the message that if the connection ends up in an asymmetric non-EC configuration and if the peer gateway is using an Error Control protocol, then the local gateway prefers to receive on the IP-TLP using the non-default transport channel (USC). If binary zero then the default channel is used (RSC). | +| 2 | XID Profile exchange. This optional capability is supported if set to a binary one. | + +**Table 17/V.150.1 – INIT definitions** + +| INIT bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 3 | Asymmetrical Data Types. If this bit is set it indicates that the gateway has the optional capability of supporting different data types in its transmitter and receiver simultaneously. | +| 4:15 |

Optional MoIP Data types. This field indicates the optional data types that are supported by the gateway's receiver. Support is indicated by a value of binary ONE in the appropriate bit position. A binary ZERO indicates no support.

b4: I_RAW-BIT support

b5: I_FRAME support

b6: I_CHAR-STAT support

b7: I_CHAR-DYN support

b8...b15: Reserved for ITU-T; these bits are set to zero by the transmitter and not interpreted by the receiver.

| + +### 15.4.2 N-TCX XID exchange message (XID\_XCHG) + +This message is sent by the gateway to indicate the XID parameters for compression negotiation. XID\_MSG may only be used in connection scenario MR1. + +**Table 18/V.150.1 – XID\_XCHG definitions** + +| XID_XCHG bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:7 |

Error correcting protocol (ECP). The following values are used to indicate the error correction protocol contained in the local link negotiation.

0: No link layer protocol (compression is not negotiated)

1: V.42/LAPM

2: Annex A/V.42 (1996)

3...255: Reserved

| +| 8:15 |

XID/LR field Octet 1: These fields are only valid if the ECP field above has the value of 1 or 2. This field contains the XID/LR compression parameters. The XID directional parameters have the same reference as the view of the originating modem (i.e., transmit direction is the direction of flow from the originating modem towards the answering modem).

This octet indicates the compression supported,

b8: V.42 bis

b9: V.44

b10: MNP5

b11...b15: Reserved for ITU-T; these bits are set to zero by the transmitter and not interpreted by the receiver.

| +| 16:23 | XID/LR field Octet 2: Indicates V.42 bis data compression request (P0) | +| 24:39 | XID/LR field Octet 3 and 4: V.42 bis number of codewords (P1) | +| 40:47 | XID/LR field Octet 5: V.42 bis maximum string length (P2) | +| 48:55 | XID/LR field Octet 6: V.44 capability (C0) | + +**Table 18/V.150.1 – XID\_XCHG definitions** + +| XID_XCHG bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 56:63 | XID/LR field Octet 7: V.44 data compression request (P0) | +| 64:79 | XID/LR field Octet 8 and 9: V.44 number of codewords in transmit direction (P1T) | +| 80:95 | XID/LR field Octet 10 and 11: V.44 number of codewords in receive direction (P1R) | +| 96:103 | XID/LR field Octet 12: V.44 maximum string length in transmit direction (P2T) | +| 104:111 | XID/LR field Octet 13: V.44 maximum string length in receive direction (P2R) | +| 112:127 | XID/LR field Octet 14 and 15: V.44 length of history in transmit direction (P3T) | +| 128:143 | XID/LR field Octet 16 and 17: V.44 length of history in receive direction (P3R) | +| NOTE – Compression parameter fields that are not selected in the compression-supported fields shall be present and set to zero. | | + +### 15.4.3 V.8 JM Information (JM\_INFO) + +This message is transmitted by G2 to indicate the JM signal it receives from its local modem to G1. This message is used during the CM-JM procedure. JM signal information categories used to indicate modulation (i.e., modulation modes and PCM modem availability) shall be included. The following information categories, if present in the received JM, should also be included: Call Function, Protocol and PSTN Access. Other information categories shall not be included in JM\_INFO. + +The JM\_INFO messages are defined to be of variable length. Each information category consists of 16 bits. The first four bits contain a category identifier and the remaining 12 bits contain the information. If JM\_INFO contains multiple categories then bits 0 to 15 are repeated for each instance. + +**Table 19/V.150.1 – JM\_INFO definitions** + +| JM_INFO bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|--|---|---|---|---|-----------------|---|---|---|---|--------------------|---|---|---|---|-----------|---|---|---|---|-------------|---|---|---|---|------------------------|---|---|---|---|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:3 |

Category ID: This field indicates the category information being indicated in the next field.

Bits

b0 b1 b2 b3
1 0 0 0 Call Function 1
1 0 1 0 Modulation modes 5
0 1 0 1 Protocols
1 0 1 1 PSTN access
1 1 1 0 PCM modem availability
0 0 0 0 Indicates that this is an extension of the current category
| b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Call Function 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Modulation modes 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Protocols | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | PSTN access | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | PCM modem availability | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Indicates that this is an extension of the current category | +| b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Call Function 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Modulation modes 5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Protocols | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | PSTN access | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | PCM modem availability | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Indicates that this is an extension of the current category | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 4:15 |

Category information: This field contains the JM signal information. If more than 12 bits are used then the extension mechanism is used to complete the fields.

The values defined for each of the allowable categories are defined in Tables 20 through 24.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +**Table 20/V.150.1 – Call function values for JM\_INFO** + +| Bits
4 5 6 | Call function values | +|---------------|---------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 0 0 | PSTN Multimedia Terminal (ITU-T Rec. H.324) | +| 0 1 0 | Textphone (ITU-T Rec. V.18) | +| 1 1 0 | Videotext (ITU-T Rec. T.101) | +| 0 0 1 | Transmit facsimile from call terminal (ITU-T Rec. T.30) | +| 1 0 1 | Receive facsimile at call terminal (ITU-T Rec. T.30) | +| 0 1 1 | Data (V-series modem Recommendations) | + +**Table 21/V.150.1 – Modulation mode values for JM\_INFO** + +| Bit | Modulation modes | +|-----|----------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 4 | 1 denotes V.34 duplex availability | +| 5 | 1 denotes V.34 half-duplex availability | +| 6 | 1 denotes V.32 bis /V.32 availability | +| 7 | 1 denotes V.22 bis /V.22 availability | +| 8 | 1 denotes V.17 availability | +| 9 | 1 denotes V.29 half-duplex availability (as used in ITU-T Rec. T.30) | +| 10 | 1 denotes V.27 ter availability | +| 11 | 1 denotes V.26 ter availability | +| 12 | 1 denotes V.26 bis availability | +| 13 | 1 denotes V.23 duplex availability | +| 14 | 1 denotes V.23 half-duplex availability | +| 15 | 1 denotes V.21 availability | + +**Table 22/V.150.1 – Protocol values for JM\_INFO** + +| Bits
4 5 6 | Protocol values | +|---------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 0 0 | Calls for LAPM protocol according to ITU-T Rec. V.42
NOTE – This value also indicates that the modem is able to bypass the ODP/ADP exchange per 9.3.1/V.92. | + +**Table 23/V.150.1 – PSTN access values for JM\_INFO** + +| Bits
4 5 6 | PSTN access category values | +|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| X | 1 denotes that the call DCE is on a cellular connection | +| X | 1 denotes that the answer DCE is on a cellular connection | +| X | 1 denotes a DCE on a digital network connection
0 denotes a DCE on an analogue network connection | + +**Table 24/V.150.1 – PCM modem availability values for JM\_INFO** + +| Bits
4 5 6 | PCM modem availability (Note) | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------| +| X | 1 denotes V.90 or V.92 analogue modem availability | +| X | 1 denotes V.90 or V.92 digital modem availability | +| X | 1 denotes V.91 modem availability | +| NOTE – The PCM modem availability bit is not provided in the modulation mode field. The assumption is that if the PCM modem availability category is not provided in the JM_INFO, then the modem M2 does not have PCM modem capability as defined. | | + +### 15.4.4 Continue with V.8 JM (Start\_JM) + +This message is used by gateways when operating in a N-TCX scenario as defined in 20.7. This message does not have any additional informational content. This message is used only when both gateways negotiate the optional delay JM procedures. + +### 15.4.5 CONNECT message + +On completion of the link layer procedures, the gateways indicate to each other their local modem parameters using the CONNECT message. This message contains information about the local modem modulation, data-signalling rate, error correction and compression selection and parameters. + +**Table 25/V.150.1 – CONNECT definitions** + +| CONNECT bits
MSB:LSB | Definition | +|-------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:5 |

Selected Modulation (SELMOD): This field indicates the modulation chosen for the local PSTN link.

The following values are enumerated:

0: NULL

1: V.92

2: V.91

3: V.90

4: V.34

5: V.32 bis

6: V.32

7: V.22 bis

8: V.22

9: V.17

| + +**Table 25/V.150.1 – CONNECT definitions** + +| CONNECT bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | 10: V.29
11: V.27 ter
12: V.26 ter
13: V.26 bis
14: V.23
15: V.21
16: Bell 212 (see VI.2)
17: Bell 103 (see VI.1)
18...30: Vendor-specific modulations
31...63: Reserved for ITU-T; these values are not interpreted by the receiver. | +| 6:7 | Compression Direction: (Note) If compression was negotiated, this field contains the compression direction parameter from the gateway. The following values are allowed:
0: No compression
1: Only in transmit direction (gateway to modem)
2: Only in receive direction (modem to gateway)
3: Both directions | +| 8:11 | Selected Compression: This field indicates the compression mode selected by the modem-gateway pair. It can have one of four values.
0: No compression
1: V.42 bis
2: V.44
3: MNP5 (See VI.4)
4...15: Reserved for ITU-T; these values are not interpreted by the receiver. | +| 12:15 | Selected Error Correction: This field indicates the type of error correction selected by the modem-gateway pair. It can have one of three values.
0: V.14 or no error correction protocol
1: V.42/LAPM
2: Annex A/V.42
3...15: Reserved for ITU-T; these values are not interpreted by a receiver. | +| 16:31 | Transmit Data Signalling Rate (TDSR): The locally selected transmitter data signalling rate in bit/s. (0...65535) | +| 32:47 | Receive Data Signalling Rate (RDSR): The locally selected receiver data signalling rate in bit/s. (0...65535) | +| 48 | DLCI enabled: This code point indicates to the gateway that the peer transmitter will use the octet without formatting with a DLCI data type. | + +**Table 25/V.150.1 – CONNECT definitions** + +| CONNECT bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 49:63 |

Available Data Types: This field indicates the data types available for use by the peer gateway.

b49: Octet without format with no DLCI. Indication of this data type is only valid for the symmetrical non-error configuration.

b50: I_RAW-BIT

b51: I_FRAME

b52: I_CHAR-STAT

b53: I_CHAR-DYN

b54...b63: Reserved for ITU-T; these bits are set to zero by the transmitter and not interpreted by the receiver.

| +| 64:79 |

Compression Transmit Dictionary size:

If no compression or MNP5 is selected this field is not included in the message.

If compression selected is V.42 bis or V.44, this indicates the (transmit for V.44) dictionary size.

Valid values are 512 to 65535 codewords for V.42 bis and 256 to 65535 codewords for V.44.

| +| 80:95 |

Compression Receive Dictionary size:

If no compression, MNP5 is selected this field is not included in the message.

If compression selected is V.42 bis this field is set to a value of zero.

If compression selected is V.44 this indicates the receiver dictionary size.

Valid values are 256 to 65535 codewords. (0 if V.42 bis)

| +| 96:103 |

Compression Transmit String length:

If no compression or MNP5 is selected this field is not included in the message.

If compression selected is V.42 bis or V.44, this indicates the (transmit for V.44) string length.

Valid values are 6 to 250 for V.42 bis and 32 to 255 for V.44.

| +| 104:111 |

Compression Receive String length:

If no compression, MNP5 is selected this field is not included in the message.

If compression selected is V.42 bis this field is set to a value of zero.

If compression selected is V.44 this indicates the receiver string length.

Valid values are 32 to 255 (0 if V.42 bis).

| +| 112:127 |

Compression Transmit History size:

If no compression, MNP5 or V.42 bis is selected this field is not included in the message.

If compression selected is V.44 this indicates the transmitter history size.

Valid values are from 512 to 65535.

| + +**Table 25/V.150.1 – CONNECT definitions** + +| CONNECT bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 128:143 |

Compression Receive History size:

If no compression, MNP5 or V.42 bis is selected this field is not included in the message.

If compression selected is V.44, this indicates the receiver history size.

Valid values are from 512 to 65535.

| +|

NOTE – The compression parameters are collectively known as the Negotiated Compression Parameter (NCP) set. This includes the selected compression, compression direction, the dictionary, string length and history sizes.

| | + +### 15.4.6 Break message (BREAK) + +This message is used by a gateway to notify its peer gateway that it has received a break signal from its local DCE. + +**Table 26/V.150.1 – Break message format** + +| BREAK bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|-------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:3 |

Break Source Protocol: This four-bit field indicates the protocol that is generating the break:

0 – V.42/LAPM; 1 – Annex A/V.42 (1996); 2 – V.14; 3 to 15 – Reserved.

| +| 4:7 |

Break Type: This four-bit field indicates the type of break that is being generated:

0 – Not Applicable; 1 – Destructive and Expedited; 2 – Non-destructive and Expedited; 3 – Non-destructive and non-expedited; 4 to 15 Reserved

| +| 8:15 |

Break Length: This eight-bit field is used to indicate the duration of the break if applicable. The field is encoded in units of 10 ms. The value of "11111111" shall be used to indicate a break longer than 2.54 seconds. The absence of a break length field or a value of zero in the break length field in a received BRK message shall be interpreted as a break of default length.

| + +### 15.4.7 Break acknowledgment message (BREAKACK) + +This message is used by gateways to indicate a break acknowledgement. This message does not have any additional informational content. + +### 15.4.8 Modem relay event (MR\_EVENT) + +The MR\_EVENT message indicates the detection of local events during Modem Relay. These events include changes to the modem's physical layer state, such as retrains and rate renegotiations. Also included is an indication of the modem's physical layer parameters when it enters or returns to data mode. + +**Table 27/V.150.1 – MR\_EVENT definitions** + +| MR_EVENT bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:7 |

Event ID: This field identifies the event being indicated. The following values are defined:

0: NULL

1: Rate Renegotiation

2: Retrain

3: Physical Layer Ready (PHYSUP)

4...255: Reserved for ITU-T; these values are not interpreted by a receiver.

| +| 8:15 |

Reason Code: For event ID values of 1 and 2, the following values are defined:

0: Null – no meaning or not applicable.

1: Initiation – Gateway initiated the retrain or rate renegotiation event.

2: Responding – Gateway is responding to a retrain or rate renegotiation event.

If an Event ID of 3 is used, then this field is set Null and bits 16 to 71 are used. For any other event ID bits 16 through 71 are not transmitted.

| +| 16:21 |

Selected Modulation: If event ID is 3 then this field indicates the modulation as being used on the local PSTN link. The values of this field are the same as defined for CONNECT (SELMOD). (See Table 25)

| +| 22 |

Transmit Symbol Rate Enable (TxSEN): Used if event ID has a value of 3. If set to a value of 1, this parameter indicates that the optional transmit symbol rate field (TxSR) is being used in the message.

| +| 23 |

Receiver Symbol Rate Enable (RxSEN): Used if event ID has a value of 3. If set to a value of 1, this parameter indicates that the optional receive symbol rate field (RxSR) is being used in the message.

| +| 24:39 |

Transmit Data Signalling Rate (TDSR): Used if event ID has a value of 3. The locally selected transmitter data signalling rate in bit/s. (0...65535). This is the same definition as used in CONNECT (TDSR), (see Table 25).

| +| 40:55 |

Receive Data Signalling Rate (RDSR): Used if event ID has a value of 3. The locally selected receiver data signalling rate in bit/s. (0...65535). This is the same definition as used in CONNECT (RDSR), (see Table 25).

| + +**Table 27/V.150.1 – MR\_EVENT definitions** + +| MR_EVENT bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 56:63 |

Physical Layer Transmitter Symbol Rate (TxSR): Used if event ID has a value of 3. This optional field indicates the gateway physical layer transmitter symbol rate. The values are only valid if the TxSEN bit is set. The values in symbols/s for this field are:

0: Null (i.e., when a symbol rate is not applicable, e.g., V.21)

1: 600

2: 1200

3: 1600

4: 2400

5: 2743

6: 3000

7: 3200

8: 3429

9: 8000

10...254: Reserved for ITU-T; these values are not interpreted by a receiver

255: Unspecified.

| +| 64:71 |

Physical Layer Receiver Symbol Rate (RxSR): Used if event ID has a value of 3. This optional field indicates the gateway physical layer receiver symbol rate. The values are only valid if the RxSEN bit is set. This field uses the same set of values as described for TxSR above.

| + +### 15.4.9 Clear down indication (CLRDOWN) + +This message may be sent to a remote gateway to notify it of a local clear down event. + +**Table 28/V.150.1 – CLRDOWN definition** + +| CLRDOWN bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:7 |

Reason Code (Note): This field indicates the eight-bit code used to identify the clear down event. The codes defined are:

0: Unknown/unspecified

1: Physical Layer Release (i.e., data pump release)

2: Link Layer Disconnect (i.e., receiving a V.42 DISC frame)

3: Data compression disconnect

4: Abort (i.e., termination due to Abort procedure as specified in SDL)

5: On-hook (i.e., when gateway receives On-hook signal from an end-point device)

6: Network layer termination

7: Administrative (i.e., operator action at gateway).

| +| 8:15 | This field contains the eight-bit vendor-Tag as defined in clause 8/V.150.0. | +| 16:23 | This field provides an eight-bit field which may be used to provide additional vendor specific information regarding the clear down. | +| NOTE – The clear down reason codes used in this message are the same as used in the SSE clear down indication. | | + +### 15.4.10      **XID profile exchange for MR1 (PROF\_XCHG)** + +This message defines the format of the optional XID profile exchange procedures. + +**Table 29/V.150.1 – PROF\_XCHG definition** + +| PROF_XCHG bits
MSB:LSB
| Definition | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:1 | V.42/LAPM protocol support (0 = No, 1 = Yes, 2 = unknown) (Note 1) | +| 2:3 | Annex A/V.42 (1996) protocol support (0 = No, 1 = Yes, 2 = unknown) | +| 4:5 | V.44 compression support (0 = No, 1 = Yes, 2 = unknown) (Note 2) | +| 6:7 | V.42 bis compression support (0 = No, 1 = Yes, 2 = unknown) | +| 8:9 | MNP5 compression support (0 = No, 1 = Yes, 2 = unknown) | +| 10:15 | Reserved for ITU-T; these bits are set to zero by the transmitter and not interpreted by the receiver. | +| 16:23 | XID/LR field Octet 2: Indicates V.42 bis data compression request (P0) | +| 24:39 | XID/LR field Octet 3 and 4: V.42 bis number of codewords (P1) | +| 40:47 | XID/LR field Octet 5: V.42 bis maximum string length (P2) | +| 48:55 | XID/LR field Octet 6: V.44 capability (C0) | +| 56:63 | XID/LR field Octet 7: V.44 data compression request (P0) | +| 64:79 | XID/LR field Octet 8 and 9: V.44 number of codewords in transmit direction (P1T) | +| 80:95 | XID/LR field Octet 10 and 11: V.44 number of codewords in receive direction (P1R) | +| 96:103 | XID/LR field Octet 12: V.44 maximum string length in transmit direction (P2T) | +| 104:111 | XID/LR field Octet 13: V.44 maximum string length in receive direction (P2R) | +| 112:127 | XID/LR field Octet 14 and 15: V.44 length of history in transmit direction (P3T) | +| 128:143 | XID/LR field Octet 16 and 17: V.44 length of history in receive direction (P3R) | +|

NOTE 1 – If protocol support = Yes, the modem will attempt/accept the use of this protocol during V.42 detection phase (which includes attempting/accepting the "alternate" – Annex A protocol). If protocol support = No, the modem explicitly does not ever attempt/accept this protocol, and will be unable to operate in this mode. If protocol support = unknown, the gateway has insufficient knowledge to make a prediction.

NOTE 2 – If compression support = Yes, an originating modem will propose this compression method during XID/LR negotiation. A terminating modem will choose one such proposed method during negotiation, if the terminating modem itself supports that method. If several acceptable compressions were proposed, a terminating modem must choose only one, and will "prefer" V.44 to V.42 bis (LAPM), or prefer V.42 bis to MNP5 – if none of the proposed compressions are acceptable, No Compression is chosen.

| | + +If all fields in b0 to b15 are "unknown", the PROF\_XCHG message need not be sent, since the non-reception of this message indicates the gateway's lack of knowledge. + +If compression support = No, the modem will not propose this method (if originating), and will never make this choice (if terminating). Note that LAPM supports only (V.44, V.42 *bis*) and Annex A/V.42 (1996) supports only (V.42 *bis*, MNP5), regardless of noted compression support; no compression is supported if there is no protocol. + +If compression support = Unknown, the gateway has insufficient knowledge to make a prediction. + +If all the protocols that support a compression method are not supported, then the compression method is not supported and should be notated as such. If all the protocols which support a compression have unknown support, then the compression's support is unknown and again should be notated as such. Finally, repeating from above, if all protocols and compressions have unknown support, the PROF\_XCHG message need not be sent. + +If a compression method is not supported or the support is unknown, the corresponding Compression parameter fields must be set to zero. However, it is permissible not to send trailing unsupported/unknown compression fields. + +### 15.4.11 User data (INFO messages) + +This clause defines the user-data message formats used for Modem Relay. + +##### 15.4.11.1 Octet without formatting (I\_OCTET) + +If the CONNECT message indicates not to use a DLCI then the format of this message is shown in Figure 14. + +![](4346261cc730a1eb683f35e4ce9deacf_img.jpg) + +| | | | +|---|-------|--------| +| r | msgID | Octets | +|---|-------|--------| + +**Figure 14/V.150.1 – Octet without formatting message format, without DLCI** + +If the CONNECT message indicates the use of a DLCI then the format of the message is shown in Figure 15. + +![](b4f6d3668f7e851eaff07ccf26001623_img.jpg) + +| | | | | +|---|-------|------|--------| +| r | msgID | DLCI | Octets | +|---|-------|------|--------| + +**Figure 15/V.150.1 – Octet without formatting message format, with DLCI** + +In these messages: + +- r is a 1-bit field reserved for future use by the ITU-T. Message senders shall set this field to 0. Message receivers shall ignore the value of this field. +- MsgID is a 7-bit field whose value identifies the message; unique values are assigned to the octet compressed raw data message and the bit compressed raw data message. +- DLCI is an eight- or sixteen-bit field containing the DLCI. The same formatting as defined in ITU-T Rec. V.42 is used to encode this field. +- Octets is a sequence of octet user-data. + +If this data type is to be used for start-stop character data, then the mapping rules as defined in Annex B/V.42 shall be used. (See 15.4.11.5.1.) + +#### 15.4.11.2 Message common format for raw compressed data types + +The format of these messages is given in Figure 16. + +![](ca322f838ed1785bc0de168636f7b426_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | +|---|-------|---------|-----|---------| +| r | msgID | segment | ... | segment | +|---|-------|---------|-----|---------| + +**Figure 16/V.150.1 – Octet and bit compressed raw data message common format** + +In these messages: + +- r** is a 1-bit field reserved for future use by the ITU-T. Message senders shall set this field to 0. Message receivers shall ignore the value of this field. +- MsgID** is a 7-bit field whose value identifies the message; unique values are assigned to the octet compressed raw data message and the bit compressed raw data message. +- Segment** is an octet or bit compressed data segment. + +Each message consists of the reserved field, the message ID field and one or more segments. The reserved and message ID field together comprise one octet. Each segment contains an integral number of octets. The length of the message, exclusive of transport protocol headers, is the sum of the lengths of the segments plus one. + +If the message is an octet compressed or bit compressed raw data message, each segment in the message shall be an octet compressed data segment or a bit compressed data segment, respectively. + +The data represented by a raw data message shall consist of the concatenation of the data represented by the compressed data segments of the message, in the order that the segments appear in the message. + +The data represented by an octet compressed raw data message is an integral number of octets. The data represented by a bit compressed raw data message may not be an integral number of octets. + +#### 15.4.11.3 Octet compressed data segment (I\_RAW-OCTET) + +The formats of an octet compressed data segment are given in Figure 17. + +![](5c3dd31372f59e15250f0ab1613ca485_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | +|---|---|-------|-------|-------|-------| +| 0 | L | octet | ... | octet | | +| 1 | L | N | octet | ... | octet | + +**Figure 17/V.150.1 – Octet compressed data segment format** + +In these segments: + +- L** is a 7-bit field whose value is one less than the number of octets in the segment. +- N** is a 1-octet field whose value is two less than the number of times the octets of the segment appear in the data represented by the message in which the segment appears. +- Octet** is an octet of octet compressed data. + +The data represented by the first format of an octet compressed data segment is the data in the octets contained in the segment. The represented data is an integral number of octets in length. + +The data represented by the second format of an octet compressed data segment is the data in the octets contained in the segment, repeated the indicated number of times. The represented data is an integral number of octets in length. + +##### 15.4.11.4 Bit compressed data segment (I\_RAW-BIT) + +The formats of a bit compressed data segment are given in Figure 18. + +| | | | | | | | +|----|---|-------|-------|-------|-------|-------| +| 00 | L | octet | ... | octet | | | +| 01 | L | P | octet | ... | octet | | +| 1 | L | P | N | octet | ... | octet | + +**Figure 18/V.150.1 – Bit compressed data segment format** + +In these segments: + +- L is a 6-, 3-, or 4-bit field whose value is one less than the number of octets in the segment. +- P is a 3-bit field whose value is the number of low order bits in the last octet that are NOT in the data represented by this segment. +- N is a 1-octet field whose value is two less than the number of times the octets of the segment appear in the data represented by the message in which the segment appears. +- Octet is an octet of bit compressed data. + +The data represented by the first format of a bit compressed data segment is the data in the octets contained in the segment. The represented data is an integral number of octets in length. + +The data represented by the second and third formats of a bit compressed data segment is the data in the octets contained in the segment, less the indicated number of low order bits in the last octet, repeated the indicated number of times. The represented data is not necessarily an integral number of octets in length. + +##### 15.4.11.5 Character with Static format (I\_CHAR-STAT) + +The format of this data type message is given in Figure 19. + +| | | | | | | | +|---|-------|---|---|---|---|----------------------| +| r | msgID | r | D | P | S | Data in octet format | +|---|-------|---|---|---|---|----------------------| + +**Figure 19/V.150.1 – Character with static format** + +In this message: + +- r is a 1-bit field reserved for future use by the ITU-T. Message senders shall set this field to 0. Message receivers shall ignore the value of this field. +- MsgID is a 7-bit field whose value identifies the message; a unique value is assigned to the I\_CHAR data type. +- D is a 2-bit field indicating the number of data bits: +0-5 bits; 1-6 bits; 2-7 bits; 3-8 bits. +- P is a 3-bit field indicating the parity type: +0 – unknown; 1 – none; 2 – even parity; 3 – odd parity; 4 – space parity; 5 – mark parity; 6 – reserved; 7 – reserved. + +S is a 2-bit field indicating the number of stop bits: +0-1 stop bit; 1-2 stop bits; 2 – reserved; 3 – reserved. + +Octets is an integer number of octets representing start-stop characters. + +The format of the Start-Stop characters is the same as defined in Annex B/V.42. For convenience, it is reproduced here. + +###### 15.4.11.5.1 Mapping format from Annex B/V.42 + +This is the mapping for converting between character formats used on the DTE/DCE interface and those used on the control function/error control function interface. Only support of the 10-bit DTE-to-DCE format is mandatory; support of the other formats shown here is optional. Character formats other than those listed below are not supported. + +**Table 30/V.150.1 – Character format** + +| DTE/DCE:
Total bits per
character
| Specific formats
of octets supported
| Control function to error control function
formatting of octets
| +|--------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 11 | Start/8 data/2 stop
Start/8 data/parity/stop | 8 data (parity or second stop bit is independently generated on each DTE/DCE interface) | +| 10 | Start/8 data/stop | 8 data | +| | Start/7 data/2 stop | 7 data plus 0-bit pad in high-order bit | +| | Start/7 data/parity/stop | 7 data plus parity as high-order bit | +| 9 | Start/7 data/stop | 7 data plus 0-bit pad in high-order bit | +| | Start/6 data/2 stop | 6 data plus two 0-bit pads in two highest-order bits | +| | Start/6 data/parity/stop | 6 data plus parity in next-to-high-order bit plus 0-bit pad in high-order bit | +| 8 | Start/6 data/stop | 6 data plus 0-bit pad in two highest-order bits | +| | Start/5 data/2 stop | 5 data plus three 0-bit pads in three highest-order bits | +| | Start/5 data/parity/stop | 5 data plus parity in third highest-order bit plus two 0-bit pads in two highest-order bits | + +This data type does not allow a change of format. The character format is static for the remainder of the MR session. + +##### 15.4.11.6 Character with dynamic format (I\_CHAR-DYN) + +The format of this data type message is the same as for Character with Static format. + +This data type allows a change of format. The character format may be changed dynamically during a MR session. + +#### 15.4.11.7 Framed data format (I\_FRAME) + +The format of this data type message is given in Figure 20. + +| | | | | | +|---|-------|-----|----|--------| +| r | msgID | res | Fr | octets | +|---|-------|-----|----|--------| + +**Figure 20/V.150.1 – Framed data type message format** + +In this message: + +- r** is a 1-bit field reserved for future use by the ITU-T. Message senders shall set this field to 0. Message receivers shall ignore the value of this field. +- MsgID** is a 7-bit field whose value identifies the message; a unique value is assigned to the Framed data type. +- res** is a 6-bit field reserved for future use by the ITU-T. Message senders shall set this field to 0. Message receivers shall ignore the value of this field. +- Fr** is 2-bit field indicating data frame state: 0 – data frame without termination; 1 – data frame with termination; 2 – data frame with abort termination. +- Octets** is an integer number of octets representing the body of framed data frame. + +Each message consists of the **r** field, the message ID field, **res** field, **Fr** field, and **Octets** field. The **r** field and message ID field together comprise one octet. The **res** field and **Fr** field comprise one octet. **Octets** field contains an integer number of octets. + +### **15.4.12 Vendor-specific messages (VENDOR)** + +Vendor-specific IP-TLP messages shall begin with an eight-bit vendor-Tag as defined in clause 8/V.150.0. This is followed by the user-defined data. The length of this message is variable. + +# **16 Start-up mode of operation** + +MoIP gateways will need to co-exist with other "over-IP" mechanisms. (For example Voice-over-IP and Facsimile-over-IP). Depending upon the set of supported modes a MoIP gateway shall start up as indicated in Table 31. + +**Table 31/V.150.1 – MoIP initial modes** + +| Additional supported modes by MoIP gateway | | Start as | +|--------------------------------------------|---------------|---------------| +| Facsimile-over-IP (T.38) | Voice-over-IP | | +| No | No | Modem-over-IP | +| No | Yes | Voice-over-IP | +| Yes | No | Modem-over-IP | +| Yes | Yes | Voice-over-IP | + +# **17 Facsimile interworking requirements** + +The support and interworking of FoIP gateways with MoIP gateways is for further study. + +# **18 Text telephony interworking requirements** + +The support and interworking of ToIP gateways with MoIP gateways is for further study. + +# **19 Call set up procedures** + +The call set up procedures are defined in Annexes E and F and Annex P/H.323. + +# **20 Call discrimination procedures** + +The following clause defines the procedures to be used by a MoIP gateway during the call discrimination phase of the connection set up. + +## 20.1 V.25 calling tone, V.8 CI processing and bell-type modem answer tone + +V.25 Calling tone, V.8 CI and the Answer Tone for Bell type modems (see Appendix VI) are not explicitly supported by this Recommendation. Future support is for further study. + +## 20.2 V.8 *bis* processing + +Gateways shall monitor and detect V.8 *bis* dual tone on the PSTN link and prevent further V.8 *bis* signals from being transmitted into the IP network. + +## 20.3 Call discrimination procedure/answer tone treatment selection + +During the gateway capability and call set up phase, the gateways indicate to each other their preference for the call discrimination procedure/answer tone treatment in the CDSCselect signalling parameter. The selection of the call discrimination procedure/answer tone treatment that will be used for the MoIP session is determined by Table 32. + +**Table 32/V.150.1 – Gateways call discrimination/answer tone treatment selection** + +| Local CDSCselect preference | Remote CDSCselect preference | Selected call discrimination/
Answer tone treatment | +|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------| +| Audio | – | Audio | +| – | Audio | Audio | +| Mixed | VBD-select or Mixed | Mixed | +| VBD-select or Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | +| VBD-select | VBD-select | VBD-select | + +## 20.4 Answer tone processing + +The proper handling of DCE Answer Tone signals is necessary to support the call discrimination process. The Answer Tone shall be transported according to the procedures specified in this clause. The transport of Answer Tones encoded with codecs that are not optimal for modem signals is not supported by this Recommendation. Gateways shall preserve the characteristics of an Answer Tone from an answering end-point DCE while transporting the signal across an IP network. Gateways, when regenerating Answer Tone, shall preserve its type. Phase reversal characteristic regeneration is optional but should be maintained. MoIP gateways shall support this IP transport mechanism in two ways. The first is RFC 2833 encoded and the second is VBD encoded. + +It shall be mandatory for MoIP gateways to indicate through external signalling the capability to support both RFC 2833 and VBD Answer Tone processing. RFC 2833 Answer Tone Events processing is required and may be used at any point during a call. VBD encoded Answer Tone processing does require a successful negotiation as defined in Table 32 which requires both gateways consent. + +A gateway that prefers RFC 2833 encoding of Answer Tone will generate the RFC 2833 messages upon detection of a valid Answer Tone. Gateways receiving this message shall regenerate the appropriate Answer Tone signal. In VBD mode, VBD can be used to transport the Answer Tone signals using a codec identified for use in VBD. RFC 2833 encoding of Answer Tone in VBD mode is also allowed. + +Upon the Off-ramp gateways transition to VBD mode and prior to reception of any confirmation by the *On-ramp* gateway that it has also transitioned to VBD, VBD encoded Answer Tone signals shall be immediately transmitted across the packet network (if not RFC 2833 encoded). A gateway shall discard any VBD packets it receives while in Audio Mode. + +### **20.4.1 Answer tone treatment selection** + +The type of answer tone treatment (Audio, VBD-Select, or Mixed) is negotiated between gateways using the CDSCselect signalling parameter as described in Table 32. + +#### **20.4.1.1 Audio (RFC 2833) answer tone treatment** + +In this mode of operation, the gateways shall use RFC 2833 encoding of Answer Tone as described in 20.4.3. + +#### **20.4.1.2 VBD-select answer tone treatment** + +When VBD-Select procedure has been negotiated, a VBD-Select gateway will usually transition to VBD mode upon answer tone detection. The gateways may use RFC 2833 if transitioning into VBD mode. The gateway will use RFC 2833 if not transitioning into VBD mode. + +#### **20.4.1.3 Mixed answer tone treatment** + +In this mode, the Off-ramp gateway shall use RFC 2833 encoding of Answer Tone if it detects ANSam or if both of the gateways are U-MR types. If either of the gateways is a V-MR type, and V.25 ANS is detected, then G2 shall initiate using VBD encoding. + +#### **20.4.2 Initial answer tone processing** + +Upon initial detection of an answer tone, the detecting gateway shall prevent the transport of this signal encoded in audio across the network within 50 ms. The gateway may suppress the Answer Tone signal or switch to VBD. The amount of answer tone sent in the audio encoding shall not exceed 50 ms for the entire duration of the signal. + +#### **20.4.3 RFC 2833 encoded answer tone** + +While suppressing the Answer Tone, a gateway shall verify the type of answer tone (ANS or ANSam). The maximum time from the detection of Answer tone until the type has been verified is 350 ms (or 400 ms after initiation of the Answer Tone). When the gateway determines the Answer Tone type it shall transmit the appropriate RFC 2833 event to the remote gateway. Answer Tone shall continue to be blocked during this period, per RFC 2833. + +NOTE – The method of blocking the 2100 Hz tone in audio packets is beyond the scope of this Recommendation, but the gateway should continue to generate audio packets to prevent any interpolation of 2100 Hz tone by the other gateway, due to apparent loss of packets. + +When regenerating the answer tone, a gateway shall preserve the same answer tone type. + +During the regeneration of the Answer Tone, the gateway receiving the answer tone from the remote modem shall monitor for phase reversal events. These events are sent to the remote gateway again using the appropriate RFC 2833 event. The RFC 2833 event may be either of definite (i.e., normal codec frame duration) or indefinite (i.e., maximum) duration. The gateway shall generate another RFC 2833 event at the end of the specified duration. The number of duplicate RFC 2833 events generated by the gateway before the specified duration (e.g., for packet transmission reliability) is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +Upon detection of phase reversals in the Answer Tone, the gateway shall switch to generating /ANSam or /ANS, respectively, RFC 2833 events, as specified above. The reception of a RFC 2833 /ANS and /ANSam event means that the On-Ramp gateway shall send a phase reversal immediately and every 450 ms thereafter (per the phase reversal requirements of V.25 and V.8) until a different message is received. Only the first instance of a message shall be used. At the completion of the detection of Answer Tone, the gateway shall generate one or more short duration RFC 2833 events with the end-of-event marker set. + +### **20.4.4 VBD encoded answer tone** + +In this method, both gateways have transitioned to VBD mode and the channel is configured into VBD as defined in clause 8, wherein the Answer Tone may be transported and regenerated using RTP packets across the network. RFC 2833 encoding of Answer Tone signals in VBD mode shall be optional at the transmitter, but mandatory for the receiver. + +If already started prior to the transition to VBD encoding of Answer Tone from audio, RFC 2833 Answer Tone encoding shall continue until the end of the Answer Tone, or until switching to modem relay mode. + +### **20.4.5 Call discrimination modes** + +The following clauses describe the procedures and modes to be used for call discrimination as they relate to the negotiation of call discrimination procedure/answer tone treatment as described in Table 32. + +### **20.4.6 Audio call discrimination mode** + +In this mode of operation, the gateways shall remain in audio mode upon answer tone detection. + +### **20.4.7 VBD-select call discrimination mode** + +For this call discrimination mode, the Off-ramp gateway (G2) decides whether to remain in Audio mode, or to transition to VBD upon answer tone detection. The gateways shall use RFC 2833 encoding of answer tone if remaining in audio mode, the gateways may use RFC 2833 if transitioning into VBD mode. + +When VBD-Select procedure has been negotiated and the VBD-Select gateway does not transition to VBD mode upon answer tone detection (i.e., uses RFC 2833 encoding in Audio mode), running the call discrimination time-out timer is not required on the peer gateway. + +When a VBD-Select gateway has negotiated audio or mixed procedures, running the call discrimination time-out timer is required on the peer gateway when not in VBD mode. + +### **20.4.8 Mixed call discrimination mode** + +In this mode, the Off-ramp gateway shall remain in audio mode if it detects ANSam, or if both of the gateways are U-MR types. If either of the gateways is a V-MR type and V.25 ANS is detected, then G2 shall transition to VBD mode. The gateways shall use RFC 2833 encoding of answer tone if remaining in audio mode; they may use RFC 2833 if transitioning into VBD mode. + +## **20.5 Modem-over-IP mode selection procedures** + +For the case where the end-point modems M1 and M2 use V.8 procedures to determine the modulation to be used, the set of modulations supported by each entity in the link (M1, G1, G2 and M2) introduces a dependency upon which Modem-over-IP mode should be used, be it Modem Relay or VBD. + +For example, gateways may support the entire set of modulations available to the end-point modems, in which case Modem Relay can be used. If, however, the gateways do not support the entire set, and the modulation that would be selected by M1 and M2 is one of the non-supported sets, then VBD may be used. + +The following are a set of procedures which determine which MoIP mode should be used depending upon the modulation capabilities of M1, G1, G2 and M2, as negotiated by their V.8 procedures. + +Let $G$ be the set of common modulations between gateways G1 and G2. These are exchanged by the gateways to each other during the call set-up messaging phase (see 15.2.2.1). $M_{G1}$ and $M_{G2}$ are the + +set of modulations supported by gateways G1 and G2, respectively. $M_{CM1}$ and $M_{JM2}$ are the set of modulations as indicated in the V.8 CM sequence of M1 and the JM sequence of M2. + +$$\text{i.e., } G = (M_{G1} \cap M_{G2})$$ + +For these procedures there are three cases to consider. + +### 20.5.1 Disjoint case + +For all $x \in M_{CM1}, x \notin G$ + +I.e., there is no common modulation set between M1 and the gateways. + +For this disjoint case the gateways shall use VBD mode. + +### 20.5.2 Subset case + +For the case where $M_{CM1} \subseteq G$ + +I.e., the modulation set being indicated by M1 is a subset of the gateways capability. + +For the subset, the gateways shall use Modem Relay mode. + +### 20.5.3 Intersection case + +There are two situations to be considered for the intersection case. The first is if there is a common set of modulation capabilities between the gateways and M1, and the second is if M1 is not a subset of the combined gateways modulation capabilities. + +Condition A: $M_{CM1} \cap G \neq \emptyset$ + +Condition B: $M_{CM1} \not\subseteq G$ + +Upon reception of CM from M1 for both these conditions, G1 may choose to send either an SSE:V (if not already in VBD) or a SSE:M. If G1 sends a SSE:M, then it shall not generate a JM to M1 until it receives a JM\_INFO IP-TLP message or a V.8 timeout occurs at G1. + +Upon reception of a SSE:M for both these conditions, G2 may respond immediately with a SSE of its choice, or optionally invoke the CM-JM procedures as described in 20.6. + +## 20.6 CM-JM procedures for determining MoIP mode + +The following are the procedures to be used when using the M2 JM sequence in the determination of MoIP mode. + +**20.6.1** The contents of the CM received by G1 from M1 shall not be modified by G1. + +**20.6.2** G1 may request a switch to Modem Relay to initiate the CM-JM procedures. G1 shall continue to generate Answer Tone, until it is no longer in Modem Relay mode. For example if G2 makes a request to switch to VBD or after receiving a JM content message. + +**20.6.3** G2 shall generate a CM sequence ( $M_{CM2}$ ) to be transmitted to M2 that meets the following condition. + +$$M_{CM1} \subseteq M_{CM2} \subseteq (M_{CM1} \cup M_{G2})$$ + +NOTE 1 – This allows the gateways to connect at the highest common modulation between M1, G1, G2 and M2. It also facilitates the ability to insert a modulation not necessarily supported by M1 and G1 (e.g., V.91). + +**20.6.4** On receiving the JM sequence from M2 the following rules are applied by G2: + +- i) If $(M_{JM2} \subseteq M_{G2})$ and $(M_{JM2} \not\subseteq M_{CM1})$ or + $(M_{JM2} \subseteq M_{CM1})$ and $(M_{JM2} \subseteq M_{G2})$ + +then gateways shall select Modem Relay mode. + +NOTE 2 – The first condition allows for asymmetric modulation selection and the second condition allows for a symmetric modulation. + +- ii) If $(M_{JM2} \subseteq M_{CM1})$ and $(M_{JM2} \not\subseteq M_{G2})$ + +then gateways shall select VBD mode. + +NOTE 3 – This condition allows for the case where there is no common modulation between G2 and M2 even though there is a common selection between M1, G1 and G2. + +## **20.7 JM delay procedure** + +The procedure defined in this clause is applicable to gateways when connecting in Modem Relay connection scenario MR1. It allows for the optional delay of transmission of JM by the On-Ramp gateway when using V.8 starting session procedures. This procedure can be used in conjunction with the N-TCX to N-TCX to support end-to-end XID exchanges as illustrated in the example shown in Figure 21. + +The ability to support this procedure is indicated by both gateways during the Call Set-up capability exchange. If both gateways indicate the ability to support the JM-delay procedure, the following is specified: + +### **20.7.1 Procedure for on-ramp gateway (G1)** + +G1 should wait to receive IP-TLP message *START\_JM* from the off-ramp gateway G2 before proceeding to generate JM. + +G1 has the ability to abort the delayed JM procedure due to V.8 time-outs or error events. In this case, G1 shall transmit JM and proceed with the V.8 procedure. + +### **20.7.2 Procedure for off-ramp gateway (G2)** + +G2 shall send an IP-TLP *START\_JM* message to G1. This may happen immediately, or after a period after the physical layer start-up of G2 has begun. + +If a gateway is operating in a connection scenario MR1, the *START\_JM* message may be generated. If a gateway is operating in a non-connection scenario MR1, received *START\_JM* messages shall be ignored. + +![Sequence diagram showing the V.8 Handshake and end-to-end XID exchange between M1, G1, G2, and M2. The diagram includes a network topology at the top and a detailed message flow below. The V.8 Handshake phase involves CM exchange, MR, M(p'), INIT, JM, and START_JM. The XID exchange phase involves XID_XCHG and SABME/UA messages.](51d4540605fdfa2c090638305022143b_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant M1 + participant G1 + participant G2 + participant M2 + + Note over G1, G2: Trans-compression capability exchange + + rect rgb(220, 220, 220) + Note over M1, G1: V.8 Handshake + M1->>G1: CM_M1 (m,x) + G1->>G2: SSE:MR(CM_M1) + G2->>M2: CM_G2 (m,m) + Note over G2, M2: V.8 Handshake + G2->>G1: SSE:M(p') + G1->>G2: INIT + G2->>M2: INIT + M2->>G2: JM_M2 + G2-->>G1: JM + G2->>G1: START_JM + G1->>M1: JM_G1 + end + + M1->>G1: XID_M1 + G1->>G2: XID_XCHG(XID_M1) + G2->>M2: XID_M1 + M2->>G2: XID_M2 + G2->>G1: XID_XCHG(XID_M2) + G1->>M1: XID_M2 + M1->>G1: SABME + G1->>M2: SABME + M2->>G2: UA + G2->>M1: UA + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the V.8 Handshake and end-to-end XID exchange procedure. At the top, a network topology shows a path from C to D and D to C. The main sequence diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. + +**V.8 Handshake Phase:** + +- Trans-compression capability exchange:** A grey double-headed arrow between G1 and G2. +- CM Exchange:** + - M1 sends $CM_{M1}$ (m,x) to G1. + - G1 sends $SSE:MR(CM_{M1})$ to G2. + - G2 sends $CM_{G2}$ (m,m) to M2. + - M2 sends $JM_{M2}$ to G2. +- INIT and JM:** + - G2 sends $SSE:M(p')$ to G1. + - G1 sends $INIT$ to G2. + - G2 sends $INIT$ to M2. + - M2 sends $JM$ to G2. + - G2 sends $START\_JM$ to G1. + - G1 sends $JM_{G1}$ to M1. + +**XID Exchange Phase:** + +- M1 sends $XID_{M1}$ to G1. +- G1 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M1})$ to G2. +- G2 sends $XID_{M1}$ to M2. +- M2 sends $XID_{M2}$ to G2. +- G2 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M2})$ to G1. +- G1 sends $XID_{M2}$ to M1. +- M1 sends $SABME$ to G1. +- G1 sends $SABME$ to M2. +- M2 sends $UA$ to G2. +- G2 sends $UA$ to M1. + +Shaded regions on the M1 and M2 lifelines indicate the duration of the V.8 Handshake. + +V.150.1\_F21 + +Sequence diagram showing the V.8 Handshake and end-to-end XID exchange between M1, G1, G2, and M2. The diagram includes a network topology at the top and a detailed message flow below. The V.8 Handshake phase involves CM exchange, MR, M(p'), INIT, JM, and START\_JM. The XID exchange phase involves XID\_XCHG and SABME/UA messages. + +Figure 21/V.150.1 – Example delayed JM procedure for end-to-end XID exchange + +## 20.8 Call discrimination SDL diagrams + +This clause provides the SDL processing description for the procedures defined by the call discrimination call flows as described in Appendix II. Figure 22 gives the list of symbols used in the SDL definition process. + +![Figure 22/V.150.1 – SDL symbol definitions. A grid of 12 symbols used in SDL diagrams. Row 1: Macro definition (rounded rectangle with a vertical line on the left), Procedure call (rectangle with double vertical lines on the left and right), Macro call (rectangle with double vertical lines on the left). Row 2: (empty rounded rectangle with a vertical line on the left), Received signal processing Primitive (pentagon pointing right with a vertical line on the left), Received IP message (pentagon pointing right). Row 3: Decision (hexagon), Sent signal processing primitive (pentagon pointing left with a vertical line on the right), Sent IP message (pentagon pointing left). Row 4: State (rounded rectangle), Task (rectangle), EOP (circle with 'End of procedure' below it). A label 'V.150.1_F22' is to the right of the EOP symbol.](c2c4e63ebb9afc1ab64e39a159890e0f_img.jpg) + +Figure 22/V.150.1 – SDL symbol definitions. A grid of 12 symbols used in SDL diagrams. Row 1: Macro definition (rounded rectangle with a vertical line on the left), Procedure call (rectangle with double vertical lines on the left and right), Macro call (rectangle with double vertical lines on the left). Row 2: (empty rounded rectangle with a vertical line on the left), Received signal processing Primitive (pentagon pointing right with a vertical line on the left), Received IP message (pentagon pointing right). Row 3: Decision (hexagon), Sent signal processing primitive (pentagon pointing left with a vertical line on the right), Sent IP message (pentagon pointing left). Row 4: State (rounded rectangle), Task (rectangle), EOP (circle with 'End of procedure' below it). A label 'V.150.1\_F22' is to the right of the EOP symbol. + +**Figure 22/V.150.1 – SDL symbol definitions** + +### 20.8.1 System reference model + +Figure 23 is the reference model that is used in conjunction with the SDL definitions. The signals to be considered are shown in Figure 24. + +![Figure 23/V.150.1 – SDL reference model. A block diagram showing the system architecture. At the top is 'Telephony network' connected to 'Signal processing entity' by a bidirectional arrow. 'Signal processing entity' connects to 'SSE protocol state machine (P)' via 'Signal list 1' (downward) and 'Signal list 2' (upward). 'SSE protocol state machine (P)' connects to 'IP network processor' via 'Signal list 3' (rightward) and 'Signal list 4' (leftward). 'SSE protocol state machine (P)' connects to 'Gateway state machine (s,s\'' via 'Signal list 5' (downward) and 'Signal list 6' (upward). 'IP network processor' connects to 'IP network' by a bidirectional arrow. A label 'V.150.1_F23' is at the bottom right.](efbdfb3d9d5a7a7782ef29e131f9f280_img.jpg) + +Figure 23/V.150.1 – SDL reference model. A block diagram showing the system architecture. At the top is 'Telephony network' connected to 'Signal processing entity' by a bidirectional arrow. 'Signal processing entity' connects to 'SSE protocol state machine (P)' via 'Signal list 1' (downward) and 'Signal list 2' (upward). 'SSE protocol state machine (P)' connects to 'IP network processor' via 'Signal list 3' (rightward) and 'Signal list 4' (leftward). 'SSE protocol state machine (P)' connects to 'Gateway state machine (s,s\'' via 'Signal list 5' (downward) and 'Signal list 6' (upward). 'IP network processor' connects to 'IP network' by a bidirectional arrow. A label 'V.150.1\_F23' is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 23/V.150.1 – SDL reference model** + +![Figure 24/V.150.1 – Signal list definitions. The figure shows five signal lists (Signal List 1 to Signal List 5) and one additional signal list (Signal List 6) arranged in a row. Each list is represented by a document icon with a list of signal names inside. Signal List 1 contains: Tone2100, Tone2225, ANS, ANS_PR, ANSam, ANSam_PR, CI, CM, JM, AA, AC, USB1, CDTO, UKN, SIL, ABORT. Signal List 2 contains: ANS_gen, ANS_PR_gen, ANSam_gen, ANSam_PR_gen, Automode_enable, Conceal_Modem, Block_Tone. Signal List 3 contains: Conceal_Modem, SSE:a, SSE:m, SSE:v, SSE:f, SSE:t, RFC 2833-ANS, RFC 2833-/ANS, RFC 2833-ANSam, RFC 2833-/ANSam, RFC 2833-tone. Signal List 4 contains: Conceal_Modem, SSE:a, SSE:m, SSE:v, SSE:f, SSE:t, RFC 2833-ANS, RFC 2833-/ANS, RFC 2833-ANSam, RFC 2833-/ANSam, RFC 2833-tone. Signal List 5 contains: a, v, f, m, t, i. Signal List 6 contains: a, v, f, m, t, i. The label 'V.150_F24' is located at the bottom right of the diagram area.](6f11044c88ea04e43de06c3491defeee_img.jpg) + +Figure 24/V.150.1 – Signal list definitions. The figure shows five signal lists (Signal List 1 to Signal List 5) and one additional signal list (Signal List 6) arranged in a row. Each list is represented by a document icon with a list of signal names inside. Signal List 1 contains: Tone2100, Tone2225, ANS, ANS\_PR, ANSam, ANSam\_PR, CI, CM, JM, AA, AC, USB1, CDTO, UKN, SIL, ABORT. Signal List 2 contains: ANS\_gen, ANS\_PR\_gen, ANSam\_gen, ANSam\_PR\_gen, Automode\_enable, Conceal\_Modem, Block\_Tone. Signal List 3 contains: Conceal\_Modem, SSE:a, SSE:m, SSE:v, SSE:f, SSE:t, RFC 2833-ANS, RFC 2833-/ANS, RFC 2833-ANSam, RFC 2833-/ANSam, RFC 2833-tone. Signal List 4 contains: Conceal\_Modem, SSE:a, SSE:m, SSE:v, SSE:f, SSE:t, RFC 2833-ANS, RFC 2833-/ANS, RFC 2833-ANSam, RFC 2833-/ANSam, RFC 2833-tone. Signal List 5 contains: a, v, f, m, t, i. Signal List 6 contains: a, v, f, m, t, i. The label 'V.150\_F24' is located at the bottom right of the diagram area. + +**Figure 24/V.150.1 – Signal list definitions** + +### 20.8.2 Signal descriptions + +The following tables provide the descriptions for each signal in the signal lists described in Figure 24 above. + +**Table 33/V.150.1 – Signal List 1: Primitive signals received from Signal Processing Entity (SPE)** + +| Signal | Definition | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Tone2100 | SPE has detected 2100 Hz tone for a duration less than 50 ms | +| Tone2225 | SPE has detected 2225 Hz tone for a duration less than 50 ms | +| ANS | SPE has verified presence of V.25 ANS type Answer Tone | +| ANS_PR | SPE has detected a 180-degree phase reversal in a verified ANS type Answer Tone | +| ANSam | SPE has verified presence of V.8 ANSam type Answer Tone | +| ANSam_PR | SPE has detected a 180-degree phase reversal in a verified ANSam type Answer Tone | +| CM | SPE has detected a V.8 CM signal | +| JM | SPE has detected a V.8 JM signal | +| AA | SPE has detected a V.32/V.32 bis AA signal | +| AC | SPE has detected a V.32/V.32 bis AC signal | +| USB1 | SPE has detected a V.22 bis unscrambled binary one's signal | +| SB1 | SPE has detected a V.22 bis scrambled binary one's signal | +| S1 | SPE has detected a V.22 bis S1 signal | +| V.21 (low) | SPE has detected a V.21 low channel signal | +| V.21 (high) | SPE has detected a V.21 high channel signal | +| V.23 (low) | SPE has detected a V.23 low channel signal | +| V.23 (high) | SPE has detected a V.23 high channel signal | +| SIL | SPE has detected silence | +| CDTO (Note) | Call Discrimination Time-out | +| UKN (Note) | SPE has detected an unknown or unsupported signal | +| ABR | SPE has initiated an Abort Request | +| NOTE – These primitives initiate a transition to VBD when operating in (a,a) state. These primitives are required for gateways advertising MIXED and AUDIO procedures and are optional for gateways advertising VBD-preferred procedure. | | + +**Table 34/V.150.1 – Signal List 2: Primitive signals sent to Signal Processing Entity (SPE)** + +| Signal | Definition | +|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| ANS_gen | SPE requested to generate a V.25 ANS type Answer Tone signal | +| ANS_PR_gen | SPE requested to generate a V.25 ANS type Answer Tone signal with 180-degree phase reversals every 450 ms | +| ANSam_gen | SPE requested to generate a V.8 ANSam type Answer Tone signal | +| ANSam_PR_gen | SPE requested to generate a V.8 ANSam type Answer Tone signal with 180-degree phase reversals every 450 ms | +| ANS2225_gen | SPE requested to generate a 2225 Hz Tone | +| Automode_en | SPE requested to enable automode function | +| Block_Tone | SPE requested to block 2100 Hz tone | +| Conceal_Modem | SPE requested to prevent any modem signal to be output to the telephony side of the gateway | + +**Table 35/V.150.1 – Signal List 3: Primitive signals sent to IP network controller** + +| Signal | Definition | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Conceal_Modem | Request to prevent any modem signal to be output to the telephony side of the gateway | +| SSE:a(RC) | Send SSE audio request with reason code RC | +| SSE:v(RC) | Send SSE VBD request with reason code RC | +| SSE:m(RC) | Send SSE modem relay request with reason code RC | +| RFC 2833-ANS | Send RFC 2833 ANS event | +| RFC 2833-/ANS | Send RFC 2833 ANS with phase reversals event | +| RFC 2833-ANSam | Send RFC 2833 ANSam event | +| RFC 2833-/ANSam | Send RFC 2833 ANSam with phase reversals event | + +**Table 36/V.150.1 – Signal List 4: Primitive signals received from IP network controller** + +| Signal | Definition | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Conceal_Modem | Request to prevent any modem signal to be output to the telephony side of the gateway | +| SSE:a(RC) | A SSE audio request detected with reason code RC | +| SSE:v(RC) | A SSE VBD request detected with reason code RC | +| SSE:m(RC) | A SSE MR request detected with reason code RC | +| RFC 2833-ANS | A RFC 2833 ANS event detected | +| RFC 2833-/ANS | A RFC 2833 ANS with phase reversals event detected | +| RFC 2833-ANSam | A RFC 2833 ANSam event detected | +| RFC 2833-/ANSam | A RFC 2833 ANSam with phase reversals event detected | + +**Table 37/V.150.1 – Signal List 5 and 6: Gateway state primitives** + +| Signal | Definition | +|--------|-----------------------| +| a | Audio State | +| v | VBD State | +| m | Modem Relay State | +| f | Facsimile Relay State | +| t | Text Relay State | +| i | Indeterminate State | + +### 20.8.3 SDL macro definitions + +![SDL macro diagram for Figure 25/V.150.1. The diagram shows a sequence of operations: an input oval (x,y,z), a process box with assignments s ← x and s' ← y, a process box SSE-x(z), a decision hexagon s=s', and two output boxes Start Timer and Stop Timer leading to a final circle. A note explains the variables x, y, and z.](fd3cbb53e991f8209ba17b398f426e13_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([x,y,z]) --> Process1["s ← x +s' ← y"] + Process1 --> Process2[/SSE-x(z)/] + Process2 --> Decision{{s=s'}} + Decision -- Yes --> StopTimer[Stop Timer] + Decision -- No --> StartTimer[Start Timer] + StopTimer --> End(( )) + StartTimer --> End + +``` + +x is current state +y is remote perceived state +z is the cause code to be sent + +SDL macro diagram for Figure 25/V.150.1. The diagram shows a sequence of operations: an input oval (x,y,z), a process box with assignments s ← x and s' ← y, a process box SSE-x(z), a decision hexagon s=s', and two output boxes Start Timer and Stop Timer leading to a final circle. A note explains the variables x, y, and z. + +**Figure 25/V.150.1 – Generic macro** + +### 20.8.4 SDL diagrams for state (a,a) + +![SDL diagram for state (a,a) part 1](0897c77315bfe37a098f6b4ea39570d2_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([a,a]) --> Exit[...] + Start --> Tone2100[/Tone2100 +(RC=Tone2100)/] + Tone2100 --> Decision{VBD-select +Mode AND +VBD preferred +response on +2100 Hz AND +VBD preferred +encoding} + Decision -- NO --> BlockTone[/Block Tone/] + BlockTone --> EndA([a,a]) + Decision -- YES --> V_a_RC[(v,a,RC)] + V_a_RC --> EncodeANS[/Encode ANS or +ANSam in VBD/] + EncodeANS --> EndV([v,a]) + +``` + +The diagram shows the initial state (a,a) leading to a process block 'Tone2100 (RC=Tone2100)'. This leads to a decision diamond: 'VBD-select Mode AND VBD preferred response on 2100 Hz AND VBD preferred encoding'. If 'NO', it leads to a process block 'Block Tone' and then back to state (a,a). If 'YES', it leads to a state block '(v,a,RC)', then to a process block 'Encode ANS or ANSam in VBD', and finally to state (v,a). There is also an exit path from the initial state (a,a). + +SDL diagram for state (a,a) part 1 + +Figure 26/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 1 + +![SDL diagram for state (a,a) part 2](575d7d345b3ec04393bb2ec720ebabca_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start[...] --> ANS[/ANS +(RC = ANS)/] + ANS --> Decision{(VBD-select +Mode AND +VBD Preferred +Response) OR +(Mixed AND +NOT Universal- +to-Universal)} + Decision -- NO --> RFC2833[/RFC 2833- +ANS/] + RFC2833 --> ConcealModem[/Conceal_Modem/] + ConcealModem --> EndA([a,a]) + Decision -- YES --> V_a_RC[(v,a,RC)] + V_a_RC --> EncodeTone[/Encode +Answer Tone +as per +Section 20.4/] + EncodeTone --> EndV([v,a]) + +``` + +The diagram shows an entry path from above leading to a process block 'ANS (RC = ANS)'. This leads to a decision diamond: '(VBD-select Mode AND VBD Preferred Response) OR (Mixed AND NOT Universal-to-Universal)'. If 'NO', it leads to a process block 'RFC 2833-ANS', then to a process block 'Conceal\_Modem', and finally to state (a,a). If 'YES', it leads to a state block '(v,a,RC)', then to a process block 'Encode Answer Tone as per Section 20.4', and finally to state (v,a). + +SDL diagram for state (a,a) part 2 + +Figure 27/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 2 + +![SDL flowchart for state (a,a) part 3. It starts with an input arrow leading to a process block 'ANSam (RC=ANSam)'. This leads to a decision diamond 'VBD-select Mode AND VBD preferred response'. If 'NO', it goes to a process block 'RFC 2833-ANSam', then 'Conceal_Modem', and finally to state '(a,a)'. If 'YES', it goes to a process block '(v,a,RC)', then 'Encode Answer Tone as per section 20.4', and finally to state '(v,a)'.](352d21d1e740e4a58cb17ab8656cfad8_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start(( )) --> ANSam[/ANSam +(RC=ANSam)/] + ANSam --> VBDSelect{VBD-select +Mode AND +VBD +preferred +response} + VBDSelect -- NO --> RFC2833ANSam[/RFC 2833- +ANSam/] + RFC2833ANSam --> ConcealModem[Conceal_Modem] + ConcealModem --> Aa((a,a)) + VBDSelect -- YES --> VaRC[v,a,RC] + VaRC --> EncodeTone[/Encode +Answer Tone +as per +section 20.4/] + EncodeTone --> Va((v,a)) + +``` + +SDL flowchart for state (a,a) part 3. It starts with an input arrow leading to a process block 'ANSam (RC=ANSam)'. This leads to a decision diamond 'VBD-select Mode AND VBD preferred response'. If 'NO', it goes to a process block 'RFC 2833-ANSam', then 'Conceal\_Modem', and finally to state '(a,a)'. If 'YES', it goes to a process block '(v,a,RC)', then 'Encode Answer Tone as per section 20.4', and finally to state '(v,a)'. + +**Figure 28/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 3** + +![SDL flowchart for state (a,a) part 4. It shows five parallel input paths from a top bus. 1. 'RFC 2833-ANS or RFC 2833-ANSam' leads to 'ANS_gen or ANSam_gen', then 'Conceal_Modem', and finally to state '(a,a)'. 2. '/RFC 2833-/ANS or /RFC 2833-/ANSam' leads to '/ANS_gen or /ANSam_gen', which then joins the path to state '(a,a)'. 3. '/ANS or /ANSam' leads to 'RFC 2833-/ANS, RFC 2833-/ANSam', which then joins the path to state '(a,a)'. 4. 'Unsupported Signal' leads to a 'VBD Preferred' decision. If 'NO', it joins the path to state '(a,a)'. If 'YES', it goes to '(v,a,RC)' and then to state '(v,a)'. 5. 'Call Discrimination Timeout' leads to another 'VBD Preferred' decision. If 'YES', it goes to '(v,a,RC)' and then to state '(v,a)'. If 'NO', it goes directly to state '(a,a)'.](3ce04f1c7128814978c6b34d654a25cc_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Bus(( )) --> RFC2833ANS[/RFC 2833- +ANS +or +RFC 2833- +ANSam/] + Bus --> RFC2833ANS_slash[/RFC 2833- +/ANS +or +RFC 2833- +/ANSam/] + Bus --> ANS_slash[/ANS +or +/ANSam/] + Bus --> Unsupported[/Unsupported +Signal/] + Bus --> Timeout[/Call +Discrimination +Timeout/] + + RFC2833ANS --> ANS_gen[ANS_gen +or +ANSam_gen] + ANS_gen --> ConcealModem[Conceal_Modem] + ConcealModem --> Aa((a,a)) + + RFC2833ANS_slash --> ANS_gen_slash[/ANS_gen +or +/ANSam_gen/] + ANS_gen_slash --> Aa + + ANS_slash --> RFC2833_slash[RFC 2833- +/ANS, +RFC 2833- +/ANSam] + RFC2833_slash --> Aa + + Unsupported --> VBD_Pref1{VBD +Preferred} + VBD_Pref1 -- NO --> Aa + VBD_Pref1 -- YES --> VaRC1[v,a,RC] + VaRC1 --> Va1((v,a)) + + Timeout --> VBD_Pref2{VBD +Preferred} + VBD_Pref2 -- YES --> VaRC2[v,a,RC] + VaRC2 --> Va2((v,a)) + VBD_Pref2 -- NO --> Aa2((a,a)) + +``` + +SDL flowchart for state (a,a) part 4. It shows five parallel input paths from a top bus. 1. 'RFC 2833-ANS or RFC 2833-ANSam' leads to 'ANS\_gen or ANSam\_gen', then 'Conceal\_Modem', and finally to state '(a,a)'. 2. '/RFC 2833-/ANS or /RFC 2833-/ANSam' leads to '/ANS\_gen or /ANSam\_gen', which then joins the path to state '(a,a)'. 3. '/ANS or /ANSam' leads to 'RFC 2833-/ANS, RFC 2833-/ANSam', which then joins the path to state '(a,a)'. 4. 'Unsupported Signal' leads to a 'VBD Preferred' decision. If 'NO', it joins the path to state '(a,a)'. If 'YES', it goes to '(v,a,RC)' and then to state '(v,a)'. 5. 'Call Discrimination Timeout' leads to another 'VBD Preferred' decision. If 'YES', it goes to '(v,a,RC)' and then to state '(v,a)'. If 'NO', it goes directly to state '(a,a)'. + +**Figure 29/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 4** + +![Figure 30/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 5. This flowchart shows three parallel paths starting from a common top line. The left path starts with a rectangle 'SSE:v(RC)', followed by a hexagon 'Preferred Response'. From this hexagon, an 'Audio' arrow leads to a rectangle '(a,v,p\')' and a 'VBD' arrow leads to a rectangle '(v,v,p\')'. Both lead to ovals '(a,v)' and '(v,v)' respectively. The middle path starts with a rectangle 'SSE:m(RC NOT CM)', followed by a hexagon 'Preferred Response'. From this hexagon, an 'MR' arrow leads to a rectangle '(m,m,p\')' leading to oval '(m,m)', and a 'VBD' arrow leads to a rectangle '(a,m,p\')' leading to oval '(a,m)'. There is also an 'Audio (Termination scenario)' arrow from the hexagon to a rectangle '(a,m,p\')' leading to oval '(a,m)'. The right path starts with a rectangle 'Supported Modulations (excluding V.8) (RC)' leading directly to a rectangle '(m,a,RC)' leading to oval '(m,a)'.](fd8f5da2b60cdca94896f3cde8ee81f0_img.jpg) + +Figure 30/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 5. This flowchart shows three parallel paths starting from a common top line. The left path starts with a rectangle 'SSE:v(RC)', followed by a hexagon 'Preferred Response'. From this hexagon, an 'Audio' arrow leads to a rectangle '(a,v,p\')' and a 'VBD' arrow leads to a rectangle '(v,v,p\')'. Both lead to ovals '(a,v)' and '(v,v)' respectively. The middle path starts with a rectangle 'SSE:m(RC NOT CM)', followed by a hexagon 'Preferred Response'. From this hexagon, an 'MR' arrow leads to a rectangle '(m,m,p\')' leading to oval '(m,m)', and a 'VBD' arrow leads to a rectangle '(a,m,p\')' leading to oval '(a,m)'. There is also an 'Audio (Termination scenario)' arrow from the hexagon to a rectangle '(a,m,p\')' leading to oval '(a,m)'. The right path starts with a rectangle 'Supported Modulations (excluding V.8) (RC)' leading directly to a rectangle '(m,a,RC)' leading to oval '(m,a)'. + +Figure 30/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 5 + +![Figure 31/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 6. This flowchart shows two parallel paths starting from a common top line. The left path starts with a rectangle 'SSE:m(CM)', followed by a hexagon '(CM-is-not-a-subset) AND VBD preferred'. From this hexagon, a 'YES' arrow leads to a rectangle '(v,m,RC)' leading to oval '(v,m)', and a 'NO' arrow leads to a rectangle '(m,m,p\')' leading to oval '(m,m)'. The right path starts with a rectangle 'CM (RC=CM)', followed by a hexagon '(CM disjoint) OR (CM intersect AND VBD preferred)'. From this hexagon, a 'YES' arrow leads to a rectangle '(v,a,RC)' leading to oval '(v,a)', and a 'NO' arrow leads to a rectangle '(m,a,RC)' leading to oval '(m,a)'.](fef7e3f08b408e4ab937a75f5c8b6bfc_img.jpg) + +Figure 31/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 6. This flowchart shows two parallel paths starting from a common top line. The left path starts with a rectangle 'SSE:m(CM)', followed by a hexagon '(CM-is-not-a-subset) AND VBD preferred'. From this hexagon, a 'YES' arrow leads to a rectangle '(v,m,RC)' leading to oval '(v,m)', and a 'NO' arrow leads to a rectangle '(m,m,p\')' leading to oval '(m,m)'. The right path starts with a rectangle 'CM (RC=CM)', followed by a hexagon '(CM disjoint) OR (CM intersect AND VBD preferred)'. From this hexagon, a 'YES' arrow leads to a rectangle '(v,a,RC)' leading to oval '(v,a)', and a 'NO' arrow leads to a rectangle '(m,a,RC)' leading to oval '(m,a)'. + +Figure 31/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,a) part 6 + +### 20.8.5 SDL diagrams for state (a,m) + +![SDL diagram for state (a,m)](649d03e4c5c42598e91826f372146f65_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; + Start(["(a,m)"]) --> Input["SSE:a(p')"]; + Input --> Task["s' ← a"]; + Task --> Output["Stop Timer"]; + Output --> End((EOP)); + style Input fill:none,stroke-dasharray: 0; + style Task fill:none; + style Output fill:none; + style Start fill:none; + style End fill:none; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the state transition for state (a,m). It begins with an oval node labeled (a,m). An arrow points down to an input node (parallelogram with inward-pointing side) labeled SSE:a(p'). Another arrow points down to a rectangular task node labeled $s' \leftarrow a$ . A third arrow points down to an output node (parallelogram with outward-pointing side) labeled Stop Timer. Finally, an arrow points down to a circular end node labeled EOP. + +SDL diagram for state (a,m) + +**Figure 32/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,m)** + +#### 20.8.6 SDL diagrams for state (a,v) + +![SDL diagram for state (a,v)](dfafe39c233a62ec8ebd71e42992c14d_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD; + Start(["(a,v)"]) --> Input["SSE:a(p')"]; + Input --> Task["s' ← a"]; + Task --> Output["Stop Timer"]; + Output --> End((EOP)); + style Input fill:none; + style Task fill:none; + style Output fill:none; + style Start fill:none; + style End fill:none; +``` + +The diagram illustrates the state transition for state (a,v). It begins with an oval node labeled (a,v). An arrow points down to an input node labeled SSE:a(p'). Another arrow points down to a rectangular task node labeled $s' \leftarrow a$ . A third arrow points down to an output node labeled Stop Timer. Finally, an arrow points down to a circular end node labeled EOP. + +SDL diagram for state (a,v) + +**Figure 33/V.150.1 – SDL for state (a,v)** + +#### 20.8.7 SDL diagrams for state (m,a) + +![SDL diagram for state (m,a) showing three parallel paths from an initial state (m,a) to various final states.](29fbbed4c4aff19e9ac5bf98e0c9b24d_img.jpg) + +``` +graph TD + Start([m,a]) --> Branch1[ ] + Start --> Branch2[ ] + Start --> Branch3[ ] + Branch1 --> SSEm[SSE:m(p')] + SSEm --> Assign[s' ← m] + Assign --> StopTimer[/Stop Timer/] + StopTimer --> EndM([m,m]) + Branch2 --> SSEv[SSE:v(RC)] + SSEv --> PrefResp{{Preferred Response}} + PrefResp -- VBD --> EndV([v,v]) + PrefResp -- Audio --> EndAV([a,v]) + Branch3 --> SSEa[SSE:a(RC)] + SSEa --> EndAA([a,a,p']) + EndAA --> EndEOP([EOP]) +``` + +The diagram illustrates the State Transition Diagram (SDL) for state (m,a). It begins with an initial state (m,a) in an oval. From this state, three parallel paths emerge: + +- Left Path:** Transitions to a process block SSE:m(p'), followed by an assignment block $s' \leftarrow m$ , then a control block /Stop Timer/, and finally reaches the state (m,m) in an oval. +- Middle Path:** Transitions to a process block SSE:v(RC), which leads to a decision block Preferred Response (hexagon). From this decision, two branches exist: one labeled VBD leading to state (v,v) in an oval, and another labeled Audio leading to state (a,v) in an oval. +- Right Path:** Transitions to a process block SSE:a(RC), followed by a block (a,a,p'), and finally reaches the End of Process (EOP) state in an oval. + +SDL diagram for state (m,a) showing three parallel paths from an initial state (m,a) to various final states. + +Figure 34/V.150.1 – SDL for state (m,a) + +#### 20.8.8 SDL diagrams for state (m,m) + +![SDL diagram for state (m,m) showing two parallel paths. The left path starts with a JM process, followed by a decision diamond: 'JM2 ⊆ M1 AND (JM2 ⊄ G2 OR (not-subset AND VBD preferred))'. If YES, it leads to a process box '(v,m,RC)' and then state '(v,m)'. If NO, it leads to another decision diamond: 'JM2 ⊄ G2'. If YES, it leads to a process box '(a,m,RC)' and then state '(a,m)'. If NO, it leads to state '(m,m)'. The right path starts with an SSE:v(RC) process, followed by an assignment 's ← v', then another SSE:v(RC) process, and finally state '(v,v)'.](b5b908b453ca50ed3b4cca88aef080fa_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start((m,m)) --> JM[/JM/] + Start --> SSE1[/SSE:v(RC)/] + JM --> D1{{JM2 ⊆ M1 +AND (JM2 ⊄ G2 OR (not-subset AND +VBD preferred))}} + D1 -- YES --> VMRC[(v,m,RC)] + D1 -- NO --> D2{{JM2 ⊄ G2}} + VMRC --> VM((v,m)) + D2 -- YES --> AMRC[(a,m,RC)] + D2 -- NO --> MM((m,m)) + AMRC --> AM((a,m)) + SSE1 --> Assign[s ← v] + Assign --> SSE2[/SSE:v(RC)/] + SSE2 --> VV((v,v)) + +``` + +SDL diagram for state (m,m) showing two parallel paths. The left path starts with a JM process, followed by a decision diamond: 'JM2 ⊆ M1 AND (JM2 ⊄ G2 OR (not-subset AND VBD preferred))'. If YES, it leads to a process box '(v,m,RC)' and then state '(v,m)'. If NO, it leads to another decision diamond: 'JM2 ⊄ G2'. If YES, it leads to a process box '(a,m,RC)' and then state '(a,m)'. If NO, it leads to state '(m,m)'. The right path starts with an SSE:v(RC) process, followed by an assignment 's ← v', then another SSE:v(RC) process, and finally state '(v,v)'. + +Figure 35/V.150.1 – SDL for state (m,m) + +#### 20.8.9 SDL diagrams for state (m,v) + +![SDL diagram for state (m,v) showing three parallel paths. The left path: SSE:v(RC) process, Stop Timer process, SSE:v(p') process, leading to state '(v,v)'. The middle path: SSE:a(RC) process, (a,a,p') process, leading to state 'EOP'. The right path: SSE:m(RC) process, Stop Timer process, leading to state '(m,m)'.](331afcb1534110b4c4f6ddf553a0f7e0_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start((m,v)) --> SSE1[/SSE:v(RC)/] + Start --> SSE2[/SSE:a(RC)/] + Start --> SSE3[/SSE:m(RC)/] + SSE1 --> Stop1[/Stop Timer/] + Stop1 --> SSE4[/SSE:v(p')/] + SSE4 --> VV((v,v)) + SSE2 --> AAP[(a,a,p')] + AAP --> EOP((EOP)) + SSE3 --> Stop2[/Stop Timer/] + Stop2 --> MM((m,m)) + +``` + +SDL diagram for state (m,v) showing three parallel paths. The left path: SSE:v(RC) process, Stop Timer process, SSE:v(p') process, leading to state '(v,v)'. The middle path: SSE:a(RC) process, (a,a,p') process, leading to state 'EOP'. The right path: SSE:m(RC) process, Stop Timer process, leading to state '(m,m)'. + +Figure 36/V.150.1 – SDL for state (m,v) + +#### 20.8.10 SDL diagrams for state (v,a) + +![SDL diagram for state (v,a) showing three parallel paths for Unexpected Response.](0af1ba85ab6e4e50befbef3d63e017dc_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start((v,a)) -- Unexpected Response --> Branch(( )) + Branch --> SSEv["SSE:v(p')"] + Branch --> SSEa["SSE:a(RC)"] + Branch --> SSEm["SSE:m(RC)"] + + SSEv --> Assign["s' ← v"] + Assign --> StopTimer1[/Stop Timer/] + StopTimer1 --> End1((v,v)) + + SSEa --> Assign2["(a,a,p')"] + Assign2 --> End2((EOP)) + + SSEm --> StopTimer2[/Stop Timer/] + StopTimer2 --> Assign3["(a,i,RC)"] + Assign3 --> End3((a,i)) + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the state transitions for state (v,a) in response to an 'Unexpected Response'. It branches into three parallel paths: + +- Left Path:** Triggered by **SSE:v(p')**, it performs the assignment $s' \leftarrow v$ , then executes **Stop Timer**, leading to state **(v,v)**. +- Middle Path:** Triggered by **SSE:a(RC)**, it performs the assignment **(a,a,p')**, leading to the end of the process (**EOP**). +- Right Path:** Triggered by **SSE:m(RC)**, it executes **Stop Timer**, then performs the assignment **(a,i,RC)**, leading to state **(a,i)**. + +SDL diagram for state (v,a) showing three parallel paths for Unexpected Response. + +Figure 37/V.150.1 – SDL for state (v,a) + +#### 20.8.11 SDL diagrams for state (v,m) + +![SDL diagram for state (v,m) showing two parallel paths.](a9159a006d67a834a7b1a771c18191cc_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start((v,m)) --> Branch(( )) + Branch --> SSEvp["SSE:v(p' or RC)"] + Branch --> SSEa["SSE:a(RC)"] + + SSEvp --> Assign["s' ← v"] + Assign --> StopTimer[/Stop Timer/] + StopTimer --> End1((v,v)) + + SSEa --> Assign2["(a,a,p')"] + Assign2 --> End2((EOP)) + +``` + +The diagram illustrates the state transitions for state (v,m). It branches into two parallel paths: + +- Left Path:** Triggered by **SSE:v(p' or RC)**, it performs the assignment $s' \leftarrow v$ , then executes **Stop Timer**, leading to state **(v,v)**. +- Right Path:** Triggered by **SSE:a(RC)**, it performs the assignment **(a,a,p')**, leading to the end of the process (**EOP**). + +SDL diagram for state (v,m) showing two parallel paths. + +Figure 38/V.150.1 – SDL for state (v,m) + +### 20.8.12 SDL diagrams for state (v,v) + +![SDL diagram for state (v,v) showing transitions to (m,m), (v,m), (m,v), and (v,v).](f8f8916ae391a1233c13ce738c699109_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start((v,v)) --> SSEmCM[/SSE:m(CM)/] + Start --> CM[/CM/] + Start --> RFC2833[/"RFC 2833- +/ANS OR +RFC 2833- +/ANSam"/] + Start --> ANS[/"ANS +OR +/ANSam"/] + Start --> RFC2833ANS[/"RFC 2833- +ANS OR +RFC 2833- +ANSam"/] + + SSEmCM --> CMisNOT{CM is NOT +(subset/ +AND (VBD +preferred))} + CMisNOT -- NO --> mmP[/m,m,p'/] + mmP --> mm((m,m)) + CMisNOT -- YES --> vmRC[/v,m,RC/] + vmRC --> vm((v,m)) + + CM --> CMdisjoint{CM-disjoint +OR (intersect +AND (VBD +preferred))} + CMdisjoint -- NO --> mvRC[/m,v,RC/] + mvRC --> mv((m,v)) + CMdisjoint -- YES --> EndVv((v,v)) + + RFC2833 --> ANSgen[/ANS_gen +OR +/ANSam_gen/] + ANSgen --> EndVv + + ANS --> RFC2833encoding{RFC 2833 +encoding +preferred} + RFC2833encoding -- YES --> RFC2833ANS[/"RFC 2833- +/ANS, +RFC 2833- +/ANSam"/] + RFC2833encoding -- NO --> EndVv + RFC2833ANS --> EndVv + + RFC2833ANS --> ANSgenANS[/"ANS_gen +OR +ANSam_gen"/] + ANSgenANS --> EndVv + +``` + +SDL diagram for state (v,v) showing transitions to (m,m), (v,m), (m,v), and (v,v). + +Figure 39/V.150.1 – SDL for state (v,v) + +### 20.8.13 SDL diagrams for state (\*,\*) + +![SDL diagram for state (*,*) showing transitions to (a,i) via Silence Detected, Abort Request, and Timer Expired events.](9cb54072e43a6b6717eb16036a7640a2_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start1(((*,*) +exclude a,a)) --> Silence[/Silence +Detected +RC=SIL/] + Start2(((*,*)/)) --> Abort[/Abort +Request +RC=ABORT/] + Start2 --> Timer[/Timer +Expired/] + + Silence --> SSEaRC1[/SSE:a(RC)/] + SSEaRC1 --> Assign1[s ← a +s' ← i] + Assign1 --> EndAi((a,i)) + + Abort --> SSEaRC2[/SSE:a(RC)/] + SSEaRC2 --> Assign2[s ← a +s' ← i] + Assign2 --> EndAi + + Timer --> Assign3[s ← a +s' ← i] + Assign3 --> EndAi + +``` + +SDL diagram for state (\*,\*) showing transitions to (a,i) via Silence Detected, Abort Request, and Timer Expired events. + +Figure 40/V.150.1 – SDL for state (\*,\*) + +# **21 Procedures for audio to MoIP transport switching** + +This Recommendation requires that SSE and RTP encodings shall use the same UDP port. The gateway shall be capable of supporting all MoIP communications over a single pair of UDP ports, including RTP and non-RTP (e.g., Multiple Payload Streams as defined in ITU-T Rec. H.245). The gateway may choose to use additional UDP ports for the non-RTP communications. + +For all RTP encodings that share the same UDP port, they shall also use the same SSRC (e.g., same sequence number and time source). This requirement does not apply for FEC packets as per RFC 2733. The use of RFC 2733 shall not violate the timing requirements described above. + +It is necessary to ensure the timely indication of various events that will cause a change of media type on these UDP ports. Examples include transitions to or from Audio to VBD or Modem Relay as appropriate. All the call flow procedures considered by this Recommendation use a protocol designed specifically for this task. This protocol is called the State Signalling Event Protocol (SSE) and is defined in Annex C. + +# **22 Procedures for modem relay operation** + +This clause provides the procedures necessary to support Modem Relay operation of MoIP. + +## **22.1 Procedures used for gateway to DCE error control** + +There are no specific procedures for Modem Relay to DCE error control. The only requirement is that the gateway has to inform its peer of the error control parameters it has negotiated with its DCE. This information is sent using the CONNECT message. + +### **22.1.1 Break signal procedures** + +The following clauses describe the procedures to be used by a MoIP gateway in order to handle the reception, transport and generation of break and break acknowledgement signals. + +#### **22.1.1.1 Break signal detection procedures** + +These are the procedures used when gateways detect a break signal from a connected DCE. The clause divides the procedures for error corrected and non-error corrected scenarios. + +Every unique (non-repeated) break signal generated by a local end-point DCE shall be relayed to the remote end-point DCE. Repeated break signals shall not be relayed. + +###### **22.1.1.1.1 Error-corrected scenarios** + +Expedited and destructive break messages shall be transmitted on the IP-TLP expedited channel. The non-destructive, non-expedited break message shall use the same IP-TLP channel that is being used for the transport of user data. + +If the MoIP break control entity detects a destructive break signal it shall indicate to the IP-TLP that it initiate the selective destruction of data. + +For the cases where the error correction protocols are not the same on each side of the link, the mapping defined in Table 38 shall be used. + +**Table 38/V.150.1 – Break mapping table** + +| | | To | | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | LAPM | Annex A/V.42 | V.14 | +| From | LAPM | Same | Break length is lost | Break type is lost; if no break length provided, use default duration. (Note) | +| | Annex A/V.42 | Same (no length sent in LAPM message) | Same | Break type is lost; break length uses default duration. (Note) | +| | V.14 | If received from an expedited channel, generate either a DE or NDE break. If received from a non-expedited channel, generate an NDNE break.
Break length is passed | If received from an expedited channel, generate either a DE or NDE. If received from a non-expedited channel, generate an NDNE break.
Break length is discarded | Same | +| NOTE – The default break length duration is 1.5 second. | | | | | + +Table 39 defines the behaviour of the MoIP gateway related to the actions it shall take with respect to the data and break messages. + +**Table 39/V.150.1 – Break procedure behaviour** + +| Break handling option | With respect to data and break messages | | | | +|-------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Going to remote gateway | Going to local modem | Coming from remote gateway | Coming from local modem | +| Destructive break signal from PSTN |
  • – Send "selective destructive" primitive to IP-TLP
  • – Discard data not yet delivered to the IP-TLP
  • – Transmit BREAK message on expedited channel
|
  • – Discard data not yet delivered
|
  • – Discard data until receive BREAKACK
|
  • – Hold and flow off data until receive BREAKACK
| +| Destructive break message from IP |
  • – Send "selective destructive" primitive to IP-TLP
  • – Discard data not yet delivered to the IP-TLP
|
  • – Complete data packet transmission in progress, then transmit destructive break
  • – Discard data not yet transmitted
|
  • – Discard data until receive break ack signal.
|
  • – Discard data until receive break acknowledgement signal
| + +**Table 39/V.150.1 – Break procedure behaviour** + +| Break handling option | With respect to data and break messages | | | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | Going to remote gateway | Going to local modem | Coming from remote gateway | Coming from local modem | +| Destructive break acknowledgement signal from PSTN |
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s)
  • – Send BREAKACK followed by data
|
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s) and resume data transmission
|
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s) and resume data reception
|
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s) and resume data reception
| +| BREAKACK from IP link |
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s) and resume data transmission
|
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s) and resume data transmission
|
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s) and resume data reception
|
  • – Reset trans-compression engine(s) and resume data reception
| + +###### 22.1.1.1.2 Non-error corrected scenarios + +In the symmetric non-error corrected scenario, the transport of the break signal is dependent upon the data type being used in the MR session. If a Raw data type is being used then no procedures are necessary. The break signal is conveyed within the data stream. If another data type is being used, then the break signal shall be extracted from the data stream and a V.14 BREAK IP-TLP message is transmitted for each unique break signal detected on the V.14 DCE connection. The gateway may send the BREAK indication on the IP-TLP expedited channel, or on the same channel that is being used for user data. + +The response time in sending the BREAK message is implementation-specific and is not defined in this Recommendation. There is no requirement to send a break acknowledgement signal (BREAKACK) for the symmetrical non-error corrected case. + +If a gateway operating in an error corrected configuration receives a V.14 BREAK indication from an IP-TLP expedited channel, it shall generate either a NDE or a DE break on the telephony link. If the received V.14 BREAK indication is off the IP-TLP non-expedited channel, it shall generate a NDNE break on the telephony link. + +For the asymmetric non-error corrected scenario, BREAK messages being conveyed in the error corrected to non-error corrected direction shall use the same BREAK message as used in the symmetrical error corrected case. + +#### 22.1.1.2 Break acknowledge procedures + +A gateway shall generate a break acknowledgement signal to the local DCE in response to detecting a break signal from the local DCE within either a timeout or the reception of a BREAKACK message from the peer gateway, whichever occurs first. The value of this timeout is manufacturer-specific and may be zero to a very large value. Implementations should maintain compatibility with V.42. + +A gateway shall transmit a BREAKACK IP-TLP message to its peer gateway in response to a break acknowledgement signal from a local DCE. + +The BREAKACK IP-TLP message shall use the same IP-TLP channel as being used for user data. + +For MoIP sessions that are asymmetrical non-error corrected, the break Acknowledgement signal sent to the local DCE may be generated immediately upon detecting the local break. + +## 22.2 Compression negotiation procedures + +The connection scenario or Trans-compression configuration is determined statically as defined in 13.5. For all the possible connection scenarios considered by this Recommendation there are only two sets of procedures used to establish the appropriate compression modes. The first is for the N-TCX to N-TCX case and the second is for the remaining possibilities which include various combinations of D-TCX, S-TCX and N-TCX as described in Table 1. The rules that guide these procedures in terms of how gateways negotiate their TCX capabilities and parameters are given below. + +The capability for renegotiating V.44 parameters after link establishment for connection scenarios MR2, MR3 and MR4 is for further study. + +### 22.2.1 General definitions for TCX selection rules + +The following are the definitions as used in the selection rules for MoIP TCX procedures described in this clause. + +**G1P**: Represents the negotiation posture of G1 when it performs XID negotiation with M1. These are the "maximum" compression options that can be specified by the gateway in XID frames for negotiation with M1. + +**G2P**: Represents negotiation posture of G2 when it performs XID negotiation with M2. These are the "maximum" compression options that can be specified by the gateway in XID frames for negotiation with M2. + +**GIP**: Is the compression posture on the IP link between gateways for Double-to-Double TCX connection scenario. + +**Gd**: Is the capability vector of the Double trans-compression gateway. + +The negotiation posture is represented in vector form as follows: + +$$Gx_p = GxPV44TX + GxPV44RX + GxPV42BIS + GxPMNP5$$ + +where: + +*x* is 1 or 2 + +$GxPV44TX = \{GxV44TxDictionary, GxV44TxStringLength, GxV44TxHistory\}$ + +$GxPV44RX = \{GxV44RxDictionary, GxV44RxStringLength, GxV44RxHistory\}$ + +$GxPV42BIS = \{GxV42bisDictionary, GxV42bisStringLength\}$ + +$GxPVMNP5 = \{GxMNP5Support\}$ + +Vectors G1T and G2T represent the trans-compression capability of a gateway as follows: + +$$Gn_T = GnV44TX + GnV44RX + GnV42BIS + GnMNP5$$ + +where: + +*n* = 1 or 2 and: + +$GnV44TX = \{GnV44TxDictionary, GnV44TxStringLength, GnV44TxHistory\}$ + +$GnV44RX = \{GnV44RxDictionary, GnV44RxStringLength, GnV44RxHistory\}$ + +$GnV42BIS = \{GnV42bisDictionary, GnV42bisStringLength\}$ + +$GnVMNP5 = \{GnMNP5Support\}$ + +If a particular compression function is not supported, its corresponding parameters shall be set to zero in above vector. For non-zero values, trans-compression may occur from any supported compression type (up to the supported values) to any other supported compression type. Furthermore, Trans-compression capabilities are symmetric meaning that, when a trans-compression capability is indicated, the gateway may trans-compress from a supported compression type to another supported compression type regardless of whether the conversion is for data flow from telephony to IP side or in the reverse direction. + +The vector operation **MIN** is defined as: + +$$V = (v1, v2, v3, \dots)$$ + +$$U = (u1, u2, u3, \dots)$$ + +$$\mathbf{MIN}(V, U) = (\min(v1, u1), \min(v2, u2), \min(v3, u3), \dots)$$ + +### 22.2.2 Procedures for none-TCX configurations + +The following procedures are valid for both the On-Ramp and Off-Ramp gateways having selected to connect in the No-TCX to No-TCX configuration (connection scenario MR1). + +![Sequence diagram for XID negotiation for N-TCX to N-TCX configuration. The diagram shows four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 and G1 are connected, and G2 and M2 are connected. G1 and G2 are connected via a trans-compression capability exchange. The sequence of events is: 1. PHY start-up for M1 and G1. 2. PHY start-up for G2 and M2. 3. XID_XCHG(XID_G1P) from G1 to G2. 4. XID_XCHG(XID_G2P) from G2 to G1. 5. Connect(NCP) from G1 to M1. 6. Connect(NCP) from G2 to M2. 7. Data exchange between M1 and G1, and between G2 and M2. 8. Connect from M1 to G1 and from M2 to G2.](b8efedb73292a798b3f2050f9335cae6_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the XID negotiation process for a No-TCX to No-TCX configuration. It involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. The process begins with PHY start-up for M1 and G1, followed by PHY start-up for G2 and M2. A trans-compression capability exchange occurs between G1 and G2. Then, XID\_XCHG(XID\_G1P) is sent from G1 to G2, and XID\_XCHG(XID\_G2P) is sent from G2 to G1. Next, Connect(NCP) is sent from G1 to M1 and from G2 to M2. Finally, a data exchange occurs between M1 and G1, and between G2 and M2. The process concludes with Connect messages from M1 to G1 and from M2 to G2. + +Sequence diagram for XID negotiation for N-TCX to N-TCX configuration. The diagram shows four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 and G1 are connected, and G2 and M2 are connected. G1 and G2 are connected via a trans-compression capability exchange. The sequence of events is: 1. PHY start-up for M1 and G1. 2. PHY start-up for G2 and M2. 3. XID\_XCHG(XID\_G1P) from G1 to G2. 4. XID\_XCHG(XID\_G2P) from G2 to G1. 5. Connect(NCP) from G1 to M1. 6. Connect(NCP) from G2 to M2. 7. Data exchange between M1 and G1, and between G2 and M2. 8. Connect from M1 to G1 and from M2 to G2. + +Figure 41/V.150.1 – XID negotiation for N-TCX to N-TCX + +#### 22.2.2.1 Trans-compression configuration for none-TCX scenarios + +The default set of compression parameters for N-TCX negotiation shall be V.42 *bis* bidirectional with dictionary size of 1 k and string length of 32. + +#### 22.2.2.2 On-ramp gateway procedures for N-TCX negotiations + +**22.2.2.2.1** At the beginning of the Compression Negotiation Phase, G1 shall send to G2 an XID\_XCHG message containing the maximum compression parameters (G1P) that G1 prefers for the On-Ramp connection and continue with 22.2.2.2.2. + +The gateway may use either end-to-end parameter exchange as defined by these procedures, or the default parameter set for its G1P. + +**22.2.2.2.2** To support an end-to-end XID exchange between M1 and M2, G1 should wait to receive XIDM1 from its local modem and use this information as XIDG1P in a XID\_XCHG(XIDG1P) message that it transmits to G2. This does not preclude G1 from sourcing XIDG1P on its own using the default parameter set at an earlier time if it does not wish to use end-to-end XID exchange. + +**22.2.2.2.3** G1 shall wait for an XID\_XCHG(XIDG2P) message from G2. G1 shall ensure that XIDG2P is identical to the compression negotiated on the On-Ramp connection; if it is not, it shall initiate a disconnect. + +#### 22.2.2.3 Off-ramp gateway procedures for N-TCX negotiation + +**22.2.2.3.1** After G2 activates its IP-TLP it shall wait for a XID\_XCHG(XIDG1P) message from gateway G1. Gateways may opt not to use end-to-end XID exchange procedures. In this situation, the default compression and parameter set may be used to establish compression for the connection. + +**22.2.2.3.2** Upon receipt of an XID\_XCHG message from G1, if it has not already done so, G2 shall transmit a XID\_XCHG(XIDG2P). G2P is the compression negotiation outcome (or desired outcome in the case where XIDdef is used) of the Off-Ramp connection. + +**22.2.2.3.3** G2 shall not negotiate anything above XIDG1P on the Off-Ramp connection. + +**22.2.2.3.4** If the Local XID exchange at G2 occurs before it receives a XID\_XCHG message from G1 (see Figure 42B) and the result of this local XID negotiation (i.e., XIDM2) is known, G2 shall send XIDM2 in its XID\_XCHG response to G1. However, if the result is not known due to the local XID exchange result occurring after the reception of the XID\_XCHG message from G1, then G2 may either wait for the local XID negotiation to complete and use the result of the exchange (see Figure 42D) or use the default parameter set in its XID\_XCHG response to G1 (see Figure 42C). + +#### 22.2.2.4 Examples + +Figure 42 shows several examples of N-TCX XID negotiation. Example A is a typical end-to-end XID negotiation. Examples B, C and D illustrate scenarios whereby the Off-Ramp gateway prefers to use the default parameter set. Example E is the case of the On-Ramp gateway preferring using the default parameter set. + +![Five sequence diagrams (A-E) illustrating N-TCX XID negotiation between M1, G1, G2, and M2. Each diagram shows the flow of XID_M1, XID_M2, and XID_def messages, along with XID_XCHG responses.](32d36dfe7dc75b7c63f8edf0f28e4009_img.jpg) + +The diagrams illustrate the XID negotiation process in N-TCX across five scenarios (A-E). The participants are M1, G1, G2, and M2, represented by vertical lines. Messages are shown as arrows between these lines. + +- Scenario A:** M1 sends $XID_{M1}$ to G1. G1 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M1})$ to G2. G2 sends $XID_{M1}$ to M2. M2 sends $XID_{M2}$ to G2. G2 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M2})$ to G1. G1 sends $XID_{M2}$ to M1. +- Scenario B:** M1 sends $XID_{M1}$ to G1. G1 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M1})$ to G2. G2 sends $XID_{def}$ to M2. M2 sends $XID_{M2}$ to G2. G2 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M2})$ to G1. G1 sends $XID_{M2}$ to M1. +- Scenario C:** M1 sends $XID_{M1}$ to G1. G1 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M1})$ to G2. G2 sends $XID_{def}$ to M2. M2 sends $XID_{M2}$ to G2. G2 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M2})$ to G1. G1 sends $XID_{def}$ to M1. +- Scenario D:** M1 sends $XID_{M1}$ to G1. G1 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M1})$ to G2. G2 sends $XID_{def}$ to M2. M2 sends $XID_{M2}$ to G2. G2 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M2})$ to G1. G1 sends $XID_{M2}$ to M1. +- Scenario E:** M1 sends $XID_{M1}$ to G1. G1 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M1})$ to G2. G2 sends $XID_{def}$ to M2. M2 sends $XID_{M2}$ to G2. G2 sends $XID\_XCHG(XID_{M2})$ to G1. G1 sends $XID_{def}$ to M1. + +V.150.1\_F42 + +Five sequence diagrams (A-E) illustrating N-TCX XID negotiation between M1, G1, G2, and M2. Each diagram shows the flow of XID\_M1, XID\_M2, and XID\_def messages, along with XID\_XCHG responses. + +**Figure 42/V.150.1 – Examples of N-TCX XID negotiation** + +#### **22.2.2.5 XID deferral** + +To assist end-to-end XID negotiation, the JM delay procedure defined in 20.7 may be used (as shown in Figure 21). The use and definition of other XID deferral procedures is for further study. + +#### **22.2.3 Procedures and rules for single and double-TCX configurations** + +The following procedures are valid for both the On-Ramp and Off-Ramp gateways operating in either S-TCX or D-TCX configurations. For both of these configurations there are two local XID negotiations. Each XID negotiation is independent of the other and can occur in any order of time. + +These procedures utilize two messages. The first of these messages is exchanged during the Call Set-up phase of the connection and it indicates the Trans-compression capabilities of the gateway. The second message is exchanged between peer gateways following their own local modem compression negotiations. This message contains the negotiated compression parameters as consented to by the local modem and gateway. Figure 43 illustrates such an example. + +![Figure 43/V.150.1 – Example signal flow of S-TCX or D-TCX procedures. The diagram shows a sequence of events between four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. At the top, three rows of boxes represent data buffers with 'C' (Control) and 'D' (Data) fields. Below, a timeline shows 'PHY Startup' for G1 and G2, followed by 'XID' and 'SABME' exchanges, and 'CONNECT(NCP)' messages. A 'Data' flow is shown at the bottom. Annotations explain flow control mechanisms like RNR/RR and IP-TLP.](f78d2e126f00fcc5d8d9797ca410cc09_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signal flow for S-TCX or D-TCX procedures between four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. The top part shows three rows of data buffers, each with 'C' (Control) and 'D' (Data) fields. The bottom part shows a timeline of events: + +- External signalling** occurs between G1 and G2. +- PHY Startup** occurs for G1 and G2, with parameters $(m,x)$ and $(m,m)$ . +- INIT** messages are sent from G1 to G2 and from G2 to G1. +- XID** and **SABME** messages are exchanged between M1 and G1, and between G2 and M2. +- CONNECT(NCP)** messages are sent from G1 to G2 and from G2 to G1. +- UA** (Unacknowledged) and **RR** (Retransmit) messages are sent from M1 to G1 and from G2 to M2. +- Data** flow is shown at the bottom, moving from M1 to G1 and from G2 to M2. + +Annotations: + +- Flow control will prevent buffer overflow. This example is using RNR/RR but IP-TLP flow control could also provide the same function. +- Normal Flow control will prevent buffer overflow in the case where G1 takes a long time to be ready. + +V.150.1\_F43 + +Figure 43/V.150.1 – Example signal flow of S-TCX or D-TCX procedures. The diagram shows a sequence of events between four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. At the top, three rows of boxes represent data buffers with 'C' (Control) and 'D' (Data) fields. Below, a timeline shows 'PHY Startup' for G1 and G2, followed by 'XID' and 'SABME' exchanges, and 'CONNECT(NCP)' messages. A 'Data' flow is shown at the bottom. Annotations explain flow control mechanisms like RNR/RR and IP-TLP. + +Figure 43/V.150.1 – Example signal flow of S-TCX or D-TCX procedures + +#### 22.2.3.1 S-TCX to S-TCX (connection scenario MR3) rules + +The following rules apply for gateways when negotiating from an initial Trans-compression configuration of S-TCX to S-TCX. + +$$G1V44TX \geq G1PV44TX \geq \text{MIN}(G1V44TX, G2V44RX)$$ + +$$G2V44RX \geq G1PV44RX \geq \text{MIN}(G1V44TX, G2V44RX)$$ + +$$G2V44TX \geq G2PV44TX \geq \text{MIN}(G2V44TX, G1V44RX)$$ + +$$G1V44RX \geq G2PV44RX \geq \text{MIN}(G2V44TX, G1V44RX)$$ + +$$G1PV42BIS = \text{MIN}(G1V42BIS, G2V42BIS)$$ + +$$G2PMNP5 = \text{MIN}(G1MNP5, G2MNP5)$$ + +#### 22.2.3.2 D-TCX to N-TCX (connection scenario MR4) rules + +The following rules apply for gateways when negotiating from an initial Trans-compression configuration of D-TCX to N-TCX (or vice versa). + +$$G1_P = G_d$$ + +$$G2_P = G_d$$ + +#### 22.2.3.3 Procedures for both gateways + +**22.2.3.3.1** On entering the (m,m) state, the gateway shall enable its IP-TLP, transmit its INIT message and shall be able to receive messages. + +**22.2.3.3.2** On completion of physical layer start-up between the gateway and local modem, they begin their ODP/ADP and XID negotiations. Due to possible differences in the physical layer start up times, these negotiations need not occur at the same time for each gateway-modem pair. + +**22.2.3.3.3** Having completed their XID/SABME/UA exchange, at the point in which an indication of Connect is sent to the host, an IP-TLP CONNECT message containing the Negotiated Compression Parameters is transmitted to the peer gateway. This message contains the compression parameters to be used for the local dial-up link. If the gateway does not receive a similar message from the remote gateway and is not yet ready to transmit or receive user data, it shall prevent any data exchange to the peer gateway by means of data flow control procedures (e.g., V.42 or SPRT). + +**22.2.3.3.4** On reception of an IP-TLP Negotiated Compression Parameters message from the Remote gateway, the local gateway shall determine if those parameters allow the TCX function to be switched to another TCX configuration. If this is the case, the TCX function reconfigures to this mode of operation and Receive Data is enabled. + +#### 22.2.4 Trans-compression configuration for double-TCX scenarios + +For the Double-to-Double Trans-compression case, the gateways can decide during call set-up whether to use S-TCX to S-TCX or D-TCX to D-TCX configurations. + +In the case of D-TCX to D-TCX, the final configuration of the Trans-compression elements is based upon each of the compression elements negotiating independent of each other. M1 and G1, G1 and G2 and G2 and M2 each determine their own compression mechanisms. + +#### 22.2.4.1 D-TCX to D-TCX (connection scenario MR2) rules + +The following rules apply for gateways when negotiating from an initial Trans-compression configuration of D-TCX to D-TCX. + +$$G1_P = G1_T$$ + +$$G2_P = G2_T$$ + +$$GIPV44(G1_T \rightarrow G2_T) = \text{MIN}(G1V44TX, G2V44RX)$$ + +$$GIPV44(G2_T \rightarrow G1_T) = \text{MIN}(G1V44RX, G2V44TX)$$ + +$$GIPV42BIS = \text{MIN}(G1V42BIS, G2V42BIS)$$ + +Compression coding on the IP portion of the connection shall be symmetric (i.e., same method used by either gateway) and based on the GIP element values and would use the set of GIP elements corresponding to V.44 if available, else V.42 *bis*. + +### 22.2.5 PROF\_XCHG procedures + +Clause VII.4 contains some implementation guidelines and suggestions for performing these procedures. + +#### 22.2.5.1 Indication of support + +A gateway may indicate its capability to receive the optional XID/LR profile exchange message, by using the appropriate code-point in the IP-TLP INIT message. Only if the peer receiver indicates this capability shall a transmitter send the PROF\_XCHG message. + +#### 22.2.5.2 Sending PROF\_XCHG + +If a gateway knows a particular local modem's protocol/compression capabilities (M1 for G1, M2 for G2), and if the peer gateway's INIT indicates that PROF\_XCHG may be sent, then the gateway may send these capabilities to the peer gateway in a PROF\_XCHG message. These capabilities are known as the particular modem's "profile". If a gateway has incomplete knowledge for a particular modem, then the PROF\_XCHG is partially populated (some of the protocols and/or compressions are noted as "unknown" and the corresponding value fields are zero, per 15.4.10). If the gateway has no knowledge for a particular modem, then no PROF\_XCHG should be sent. + +For example, if the modem is known to propose V.44 compression during call origination, or to accept this compression when answering, then the PROF\_XCHG V.44 capability field (see 15.4.10 (bits 4:5) above, PROF\_XCHG, octets 1-2, bits 4-5) would be set to "yes". Again, if the modem is known to propose 2048 receive codewords during call origination, or to negotiate with this value when answering, then the PROF\_XCHG V.44 receive codewords field (same clause, octets 11-12) would be set to 2048. + +If the gateway knows that a particular protocol or compression is definitely not supported by a particular modem, then the PROF\_XCHG is sent with that particular capability field set to "no". Note that a "no" is different from an "unknown", and the receiving gateway should distinguish the two. + +#### 22.2.5.3 Receiving PROF\_XCHG + +A received PROF\_XCHG is valid if the gateway has agreed to such reception in the IP-TLP INIT message it sent. + +If a gateway sends a PROF\_XCHG to its peer gateway (which has agreed to such reception), and receives a valid PROF\_XCHG from that peer, then the gateway should use these two profiles to compute the optimal compression parameters. These parameters are sent (via XID or LR) when the gateway's telephony link reaches protocol negotiation phase, without the need to synchronize with the peer gateway's start-up. + +This computation is simply an application of the standard protocol negotiation rules for LAPM, Annex A/V.42 (1996), V.44, V.42 *bis* and MNP5, as appropriate. See VII.4.3 "Operation when both gateways know their modems' profiles" and its references for guidelines on this negotiation. + +Optimization is still possible when the gateways have incomplete knowledge: see clauses VII.4.4 and VII.4.5 for suggestions. With no knowledge, PROF\_XCHG is neither sent nor received, and the gateways must fall back to end-to-end procedures, or the use of a "default XID". + +## **22.3 Data transfer phase** + +This clause describes the procedures that apply to the transfer of user-data between gateways. + +### **22.3.1 Data type capability indication** + +Upon IP-TLP bring up gateways shall transmit an INIT message. This message indicates the optional data type capability of the transmitter's receiver and whether the gateway is capable of supporting asymmetric data types. gateways may use asymmetric data types only if both gateways mutually consent to do so, otherwise the gateways shall operate in the default symmetric data type mode. + +### **22.3.2 Data type selection** + +Upon completion of the DCE link layer protocol negotiation, (successful or unsuccessful) a gateway shall transmit an IP-TLP CONNECT Message. The gateway will indicate in the CONNECT message the optional data types it has available to be selected by the peer gateway transmitter. For symmetric data type mode, the gateway shall only indicate a maximum of one optional data type in the CONNECT message. If the optional type indicated by a peer gateway in its CONNECT message matches the local gateways indication, then that data type is used otherwise the default data type for the error correction scenario (also indicated in the CONNECT message) shall be used. + +If both gateways have negotiated the support asymmetric data types, then the transmitter may select from any of the available optional data types indicated in the received CONNECT message or the default data type. + +### **22.3.3 Enabling transmission** + +The gateway shall wait for a CONNECT message from the remote gateway before it starts sending user data packets. The reception of the CONNECT message will allow the gateway to decide which IP-TLP channel and data types to use based upon the link layer parameters. + +Data types shall not change during a MR session. + +# **23 Modem delay procedures** + +This clause describes procedures related to events that have impact on the PSTN physical layer. These events include indication of the completion of modem start-up, retrains and rate-renegotiations. + +## **23.1 Initial start up** + +In modem relay, the time it takes for the modem physical link to be established on each side of the IP connection may differ. It is also possible that modulation and data signalling rates may not be the same. To facilitate the gateway's ability to support these differences, a gateway, once it has completed its initial start-up and handshake (if appropriate), shall transmit an indication to the peer gateway using the IP-TLP MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP) message. The point at which a modem is considered to have completed its start-up is the point in its defined start-up sequence at which ITU-T Circuit 106 or 109 would be activated. + +## 23.2 Retrain and rate renegotiations + +Both these event types are treated in the same way. On either initiating or responding to a retrain or rate renegotiation on the PSTN link, a gateway shall inform its peer gateway of the change of state by immediately sending a MR\_EVENT(RETRN) or MR\_EVENT(RRNEG) IP-TLP message (see 15.4.8). + +A corresponding MR-EVENT(PHYSUP) message is sent within a time of 100 ms ( $T_p$ ) of a return to the data mode state. Figure 44 illustrates two examples of how the MR\_EVENT message may be used. Figure 44A shows a single retrain or rate renegotiation event and Figure 44B is an example of how to utilize the $T_p$ timeout to control when to send a MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP). + +![Figure 44/V.150.1 – Example uses of MR_EVENT messages during retrain or rate renegotiations. The diagram shows two scenarios, A and B, illustrating the timing of MR_EVENT messages relative to state transitions between Data mode and Retrain/Rate renegotiation.](4806f9f95fff13a30d6523bd6ffeac63_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates two scenarios, A and B, showing the timing of MR\_EVENT messages during state transitions between Data mode and Retrain/Rate renegotiation. + +**Scenario A:** A horizontal bar represents the state sequence: Data mode (shaded), Retrain/Rate renegotiation (white), and Data mode (shaded). A vertical arrow points from the first Data mode block to MR\_EVENT(RETRN/RRNEG). Another vertical arrow points from the transition back to Data mode to MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP). A double-headed arrow labeled $T_p$ indicates the time interval between the end of the Retrain/Rate renegotiation block and the start of the MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP) message. + +**Scenario B:** A horizontal bar represents the state sequence: Data mode (shaded), Retrain/Rate renegotiation (white), a thin grey block, Retrain/Rate renegotiation (white), another thin grey block, Retrain/Rate renegotiation (white), and Data mode (shaded). A vertical arrow points from the first Data mode block to MR\_EVENT(RETRN/RRNEG). Another vertical arrow points from the transition back to Data mode to MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP). A double-headed arrow labeled $T_p$ indicates the time interval between the end of the final Retrain/Rate renegotiation block and the start of the MR\_EVENT(PHYSUP) message. + +V.150.1\_F44 + +Figure 44/V.150.1 – Example uses of MR\_EVENT messages during retrain or rate renegotiations. The diagram shows two scenarios, A and B, illustrating the timing of MR\_EVENT messages relative to state transitions between Data mode and Retrain/Rate renegotiation. + +**Figure 44/V.150.1 – Example uses of MR\_EVENT messages during retrain or rate renegotiations** + +# 24 Cleardown procedures + +A gateway shall return to its initial state after either a MR or VBD session has completed. When a transition to the initial state from MR is caused by the termination of a modem session, the SSE message should contain the reason code field with the disconnect reason. This will allow for the graceful transition to audio for modem calls. The disconnect message in IP-TLP may also be used to provide this information. + +# 25 IP transport + +Due to its unique real time requirements, the IP transport protocol for Modem-over-IP applications shall have the following attributes: + +- Be reliable; +- Support point-to-point and duplex transport; +- Be packet preserving; +- Be uniquely identifiable and allow for the seamless transition to and from RTP; +- Be error detecting and correcting, non-corruptive, non-erasing and non-duplicating; +- Support expedited and sequenced delivery of packets; +- Have low latency, be bandwidth efficient; +- Support windowed flow control; +- A lightweight implementation. + +This Recommendation assumes that the IP protocol conforms to the following standards: + +IETF RFC 791, RFC 950, RFC 919 and RFC 920. This Recommendation does not impact any IP network topology, IP packet distribution and routing protocols, which are independent of this Recommendation. + +For this version of the Recommendation, the default IP Transport Layer Protocol shall be Simple Packet Transport Protocol (SPRT) as defined in Annex B. The use of other reliable IP Transport Protocols is for further study. + +## 25.1 SPRT packet structure for MoIP + +This clause describes the Payload Profile to be used by SPRT for Modem-over-IP applications. + +![Reference diagram for SPRT profile for V.150.1 showing packet structure.](4224f170b677d60f6f86ce95d8dc725a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the SPRT packet structure for V.150.1. It shows a 16-bit wide packet divided into three main sections: + +- Transport protocol header:** The top section of the packet, spanning the full 16 bits. +- MoIP content header:** A section below the transport header, containing: + - X:** A single-bit field. + - MSGID:** A field for message identification. +- MoIP packet content:** The main body of the packet following the MoIP content header. + +A vertical double-headed arrow on the left indicates the height of the MoIP content header. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the top indicates the 16-bit width of the packet. + +V.150.1\_F45 + +Reference diagram for SPRT profile for V.150.1 showing packet structure. + +Figure 45/V.150.1 – Reference diagram for SPRT profile for V.150.1 + +## 25.2 MoIP content header + +X: *Content Header Extension Bit*. Must be set to zero (0) in this release. + +MSGID: *Message ID*. MoIP message identifier. + +# Annex A + +## ASN.1 notation + +The provision of ASN.1 for the definition of the IP-TLP messages is for further study. All IP-TLP messages are fully defined in the main body of the Recommendation. + +# Annex B + +## Simple Packet Relay Transport (SPRT) protocol + +This annex describes Simple Packet Relay Transport (SPRT) protocol, which is a reliable transport protocol that is encapsulated in UDP/IP (RFC 768) and is suitable for the reliable transport between gateways of data from facsimile, data-modem, and other such telephony applications across Voice-over-IP networks. This protocol is intended for gateway-to-gateway transport of bearer channel and control channel data. + +## B.1 Overview + +This annex defines a reliable transport protocol that is encapsulated in UDP/IP. The protocol is suitable for real-time media applications that require reliable transport. Examples of these applications include voiceband modem, facsimile, and bearer data transport. + +### B.1.1 Transport layer (simple packet relay transport) + +SPRT is a simple packet-based protocol layered upon UDP/IP, which provides reliable in-sequence delivery of data across an IP network. As a lightweight protocol, SPRT provides: + +- No provision for the opening and closing of SPRT transport channels is defined, as it is outside the scope of this Recommendation. +NOTE – This will eliminate the need to maintain various associated states. It is assumed that on transition into the SPRT transport protocol, the requested channels will have been opened external to the protocol and closure is by the users on session termination. Provisioning requirements for opening of new UDP ports are beyond the scope of this Recommendation. +- No provision to negotiate parameters associated with SPRT protocol is provided in this Recommendation. + +Peer SPRT users are required to have compatible parameters for max message size (bytes) and window size (i.e., number of packets transmitted without any acknowledgements). + +There is no provision within the SPRT protocol to negotiate these parameters, which may optionally be negotiated out-of-band (e.g., H.245, H.248 and RFC 2327). SPRT parameter negotiation is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. Clause B.2.2.1 defines the mandatory set of default parameters that shall be used in the absence of any out-of-band negotiation. + +## B.2 SPRT transport protocol specification + +### B.2.1 SPRT protocol reference model + +Figure B.1 provides the reference model for the SPRT protocol. The reference model is provided to aid in the protocol description provided in this annex. The reference model is a conceptual tool and it is not intended to specify or constrain implementations. + +The *SPRT user* is the application that uses the SPRT protocol. It interfaces to the protocol using primitives in both directions. + +The *SPRT entity* is the protocol. It includes a *transmitter part* and a *receiver part*. The *SPRT entity* interfaces to the *SPRT User* through primitives in both directions. The *SPRT entity* interfaces to the network through the transmission and reception of packets. The *SPRT entity transmit part* includes the transmitter interface to the packet network (i.e., packets from the *SPRT entity* to the network). The *SPRT entity receiver part* includes the receiver interface to the packet network (i.e., packets from the network to the *SPRT entity*). + +![Reference model for SPRT diagram](d0654bc33a544f31c1cb3e0cd77e0aab_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the reference model for the SPRT protocol. It consists of three main components arranged vertically: the **SPRT user** at the top, the **SPRT entity** in the middle, and the network interface at the bottom. The **SPRT user** is represented by a rectangular box. Below it, the **SPRT entity** is represented by a larger rectangular box divided into two sections: **TX** (Transmitter) on the left and **RX** (Receiver) on the right, separated by a vertical dashed line. A horizontal dashed line also divides the **SPRT entity** box. Arrows indicate the flow of data: a downward arrow from the **SPRT user** to the **SPRT entity**, and an upward arrow from the **SPRT entity** to the **SPRT user**. Below the **SPRT entity**, two arrows point towards the network: a downward arrow from the **TX** section labeled **Transmit packets**, and an upward arrow from the **RX** section labeled **Receive packets**. + +V.150.1\_FB.1 + +Reference model for SPRT diagram + +**Figure B.1/V.150.1 – Reference model for SPRT** + +Figure B.1 illustrates the reference model used in the description of the SPRT protocol. SPRT protocol consists of three parts which are: SPRT Entity, Transmitter (TX), and Receiver (RX). + +### B.2.2 SPRT packet structure + +#### B.2.2.1 SPRT header + +![UDP encapsulation diagram](d15e2d3e8dd9157eb7f0cc120097484a_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the structure of a UDP encapsulated SPRT packet. It is represented as a vertical stack of four rectangular boxes. From top to bottom, the boxes are labeled: **IP**, **IDP**, **SPRT header**, and **SPRT payload**. + +UDP encapsulation diagram + +**Figure B.2/V.150.1 – UDP encapsulation** + +The SPRT protocol is encapsulated in UDP as described in Figure B.2. + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----|---|----------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-----|------------------------------------|-----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|--|--|--|--|--|--| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | | | | | | | +| X | | SSID | | | | | | R | PT | | | | | | TC | | SEQUENCE NUMBER or Zero (0) (Note) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOA | | BASE SEQUENCE NUMBER | | | | | | | | | | | | | | TCN | | SQN | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| TCN | | SQN | | | | | | | | | | | | | | TCN | | SQN | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +NOTE – The SEQUENCE NUMBER field contains the SEQUENCE NUMBER for packets which contain a payload. Packets without a payload (i.e., acknowledgment only packets) will have this field set to zero. + +Figure B.3/V.150.1 – SPRT header + +Note that the definition of the bit ordering shown in Figure B.3 is consistent with the definition described in 15.1.2. + +There can be zero to three SQN fields included in the SPRT header. This means SPRT header size ranges from six to twelve bytes, depending on the number of acknowledgments contained in the header. + +X: Header Extension Bit. This bit is set to zero and is reserved for use by the ITU-T. + +SSID: SubSession ID. This parameter identifies a SPRT entity transmitter subsession. The first SSID used by the SPRT entity shall be zero (0). There is one SSID used for all the Transport Channels by the SPRT entity transmitter. On receipt of a destructive primitive command from the User, the SPRT entity transmitter shall increment SSID by one (1). + +All subsequent packets on all Transport Channels are sent with this new SSID. + +R: Reserved. This bit shall be set to zero. + +PT: Payload Type. This field shall be set to the value assigned by external signalling when the call between the gateways is first set up. + +The position of the R and PT fields in the SPRT header is consistent with the position of similarly named fields in the RTP header, so that the value of these fields may be used to distinguish between packets using the RTP protocol and packets using the SPRT protocol when these protocols use the same IP address/UDP port. SPRT and RTP are used in the same IP address/UDP port, the value of the PT field shall be different from any payload type used in this RTP session + +TC: Transport Channel ID. Transport channel identifier. + +Table B.1/V.150.1 – Transport channel ID definitions + +| TC No. | Title | Description | +|--------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | Unreliable, unsequenced transport | Used for acknowledgements only | +| 1 | Reliable, sequenced transport | Transport channel used for data | +| 2 | Expedited, reliable, sequenced transport | Transport channel used for control/signalling messages
Data transported in this channel is expedited to the peer User relative to data transported in TC=1 (Reliable Transport) | +| 3 | Unreliable, sequenced transport | Transport channel for sequenced data that does not require reliable delivery | + +**SEQUENCE NUMBER:** This is an identifier used by the SPRT entity transmitter for packet sequencing when required. The first transmitted packet of each transmit channel will use the SEQUENCE NUMBER of zero. The SEQUENCE NUMBER is incremented by one for each subsequent packet of the sequenced transmit channels (TC of 1, 2 and 3). For retransmitted packets, the same SEQUENCE NUMBER that was used for the previous transmission of the same packet is used. + +The packet Sequence Number for each transmit channel is independent of any other channel. The SEQUENCE NUMBER shall always be zero for the unsequenced channel (TC of 0). + +**NOA:** Number of Acknowledgements. This field identifies the number of ACK fields included in the SPRT header. The valid values for this are zero, one, two and three. + +**BASE SEQUENCE NUMBER:** The BASE SEQUENCE NUMBER identifies the sequence number of the packet that the SPRT user will receive next from its SPRT entity receiver for the TC indicated in this packet. The BASE SEQUENCE NUMBER is sent by the local SPRT entity transmitter and indicates to the remote SPRT entity the current state of the local SPRT entity receiver for this TC. This field is only applicable for reliable, sequenced channels (TC values of 1 and 2). For TC values of 0 and 3, this field is set to zero. + +**ACK fields:** The ACK indication consists of a pair of fields TCN and SQN. Up to three ACK indications at any one time can be inserted into a SPRT header. The number of ACK fields is indicated in the NOA field. Packets received by the SPRT entity receiver with TC values of 1 and 2 shall be acknowledged by the transmission of a packet with an ACK field set to the TC/SEQUENCE NUMBER fields of the received packet. TCN is independent of the TC field, i.e., acknowledgment for any Transmit Channel receive packets can be placed in any Transmit Channel transmit packets. + +#### **B.2.2.2 SPRT payload** + +The SPRT payload contains a variable number of bytes of payload. A packet may be transmitted with no payload bytes if it is an acknowledgment only packet. An acknowledgment only packet is used to send ACK fields with no SPRT payload (see B.2.3.2). + +### **B.2.3 SPRT operation** + +A SPRT Transport Channel operates independently of any other Transport Channels. The User indicates which Transport channel the data is to be transmitted on when providing the payloads to the SPRT entity. The Transport Channel of the received data is indicated to the User when the payload is delivered to the User. The Transport Channel characteristics are described in B.2.2. + +#### **B.2.3.1 SPRT transport channel buffer management** + +For the peer SPRT entities to be interoperable, it is required for them to have identical window size for each SPRT reliable Transport Channel as well as maximum SPRT payload size for each Transport Channel. + +**Table B.2/V.150.1 – SPRT buffer management parameters** + +| Parameter | Description | Values | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| SPRT_TC1_PAYLOAD_BYTES | Maximum payload size for SPRT Transport Channel 1 | 132-256 bytes (default 132) | +| SPRT_TC1_WINDOWS_SIZE | Window size for SPRT Transport Channel 1 | 32-96 packets (default 32) | +| SPRT_TC2_PAYLOAD_BYTES | Maximum payload size for SPRT Transport Channel 2 | 132-256 bytes (default 132) | + +**Table B.2/V.150.1 – SPRT buffer management parameters** + +| Parameter | Description | Values | +|------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| SPRT_TC2_WINDOWS_SIZE | Window size for SPRT Transport Channel 2 | 8-32 bytes (default 8) | +| SPRT_TC0_PAYLOAD_BYTES | Maximum payload size for SPRT Transport Channel 0 | 140-256 bytes (default 140) | +| SPRT_TC3_PAYLOAD_BYTES | Maximum payload size for SPRT Transport Channel 3 | 140-256 bytes (default 140) | + +#### **B.2.3.2 SPRT reliable transport channel acknowledgments** + +For the sequenced transport channels (1, 2 and 3), the SPRT entity transmitter will number the payloads in order. On receiving a payload from a reliable transport channel (1 or 2), the SPRT entity receiver transmits an acknowledgement. + +The transmitter using the ACK fields of the SPRT Header sends these acknowledgements. No payload is necessary in order to transmit an Acknowledgement packet (see B.2.2.1 and B.2.2.2). + +The following are the conditions used by the SPRT transmitter for the generation of ACK and BASE SEQUENCE NUMBER updates: + +- a) If there is an SPRT packet to be transmitted by the SPRT transmit entity. Up to three ACK FIELDS may be added to this packet for any previously received packets that are to be acknowledged. +- b) If there are a maximum of three received packets pending acknowledgment with no payload to be transmitted, the packet generated will have a NULL payload field, i.e., it is an acknowledgment only packet. +- c) If one or two received packets that require acknowledgement after a timeout period given by TA01. +- d) If there are no received packets pending acknowledgment and a timeout period TA02 expires since any packet was sent by the SPRT entity transmitter for reliable Transport Channel (1 and 2). A packet is generated to guarantee the remote SPRT entity receiver BASE SEQUENCE NUMBER for this Transport Channel is updated in a timely manner. + +#### **B.2.3.3 SPRT retransmits** + +For reliable transport channels, packets are retransmitted, if not acknowledged, after a timer period given by TR03 since the last transmit. + +#### **B.2.3.4 SPRT bandwidth management** + +SPRT operates in the VoIP continuous media environment and shall use the same bandwidth management and reservation mechanisms as specified for VoIP. + +#### **B.2.3.5 SPRT flow control** + +For reliable/sequenced channels (TC 1 and 2), SPRT protocol provides the ability for SPRT users to control their sources of information flowing into the packet network based on the ability for the remote SPRT user to consume the packet flow. The combination of the BASE SEQUENCE NUMBER returned from the remote SPRT Entity and the local SPRT entity's current SEQUENCE NUMBER describe the state of consumption of the packet flow by the remote SPRT user for this Transmit Channel. + +#### B.2.3.6 SPRT timers TA01, TA02 and TR03 + +The setting and control of the timer values used in SPRT is implementation specific. These timers may be optionally modified dynamically during the session. Each Transport Channel can have its own unique timer values. + +The setting and control of timers TA01, TA02 and TR03 depend upon application. The values of these timers is based upon consideration of IP network characteristics (e.g., Round Trip delay, jitter, packet loss). + +The following are suggested values for these SPRT timers for applications that utilize static timers. + +**Table B.3/V.150.1 – Suggested values for SPRT timers** + +| Reliable transport channel | Suggested timer value | | | +|----------------------------|-----------------------|--------|--------| +| | TA01 | TA02 | TR03 | +| 1 | 90 ms | 130 ms | 500 ms | +| 2 | 90 ms | 500 ms | 500 ms | + +# Annex C + +## State signalling events protocol + +This annex defines a mechanism to signal media states using RTP packets called State Signalling Events (SSEs). The MIME type for this RTP packet format is "audio/v150fw". SSE messages signal a media state that has no specified duration. The event referred to is the sending or receiving of an SSE message indicating a media state, and is not necessarily accompanied by a local media state change. Other possible triggers for sending SSE messages are a perceived change in the remote media state, and an attempt at SSE protocol recovery. + +## C.1 Introduction + +This State Signalling Event (SSE) mechanism addresses a need for fast media state synchronization of media gateways and endpoints. State Signalling Events are RTP-encoded event messages that coordinate switches between different media states as defined in clause C.2 + +By definition, an SSE media stream governs all media streams in a session. These media streams may span several ports, and may be sent to the same or different connection addresses (e.g., IP addresses). Media streams that are not reflected in the set of SSE protocol states as defined in clause C.2, are unaffected by SSEs. + +Associated with the SSE media state are sets of Reason Identifier Codes (RIC) (see C.3.2). The definitions of these RIC are specific to the media state application. An application may define its own unique set of RICs. The exception is for the VBD and Modem Relay states that share the same RIC set as defined in this Recommendation. Any additions or changes to either the VBD or MR RIC set shall be documented within this Recommendation. + +## C.2 Definition of media states + +For the purposes of this annex, a **media state** is defined in terms of the ultimate use of the media. The definition of the "media state" is similar, though not identical, to that of the "media type" parameter in RFC 2327, which follows the definition of MIME types. Media states are represented numerically (Table C.1). The State Signalling Event (SSE) protocol defined in this annex is used, by compliant implementations, to synchronize shifts between these media states. + +Apart from the high-level definitions in this clause, this annex does not detail the range of media properties that may be defaulted, provisioned or negotiated at the time of session establishment (Annex E for SDP and Annex F for H.245). + +This annex defines the following values of the media state parameter: + +### **C.2.1 Initial audio state** + +This is the initial state of any SSE-driven media state machine. By definition, the initial audio state excludes modulated voiceband data (see C.2.2). Note the subtle difference from the MIME media type "audio," which includes modulated data. While in the initial audio state, an audio codec that conforms to the Real-time Transfer Protocol (RTP) and has been negotiated by both gateways must be used. + +### **C.2.2 Voice Band Data (VBD)** + +This refers to data modulated as a voiceband signal. This data could be modem or facsimile data. This stream has the properties as defined for VBD in clause 8. Note that the VBD media state is included in the MIME media type "audio". While in the voiceband data state, an audio codec conforming to the RTP/AVP profile must be used. + +### **C.2.3 Modem Relay (MR)** + +This refers to the encapsulation of a baseband (unmodulated) data signal within an appropriate IP-TLP (e.g., SPRT). Modem relay media streams are defined in clause 9. If a UDP port is switched between a modem relay media stream and an RTP media stream, SPRT shall not use payload types assigned to an RTP encoding. The Modem Relay media state is included in the MIME media type "audio". + +### **C.2.4 Fax Relay (FR)** + +This refers to the encapsulation of baseband (unmodulated) facsimile signals in the packet format defined in ITU-T Rec. T.38. The Fax Relay media state is included in the MIME media type "image". + +### **C.2.5 Text Relay (TR)** + +This media stream is a simple sequence of text characters. This is primarily used in TDD (Telecommunications Device for the Disabled) applications. + +## **C.3 RTP packet format for state signalling events** + +In conformance with the Internet Protocol, all fields are carried in network byte order, that is, most significant byte (octet) first. Within a byte, the most significant bit is transmitted first. This byte order is commonly known as big endian. In this Recommendation, bytes and bits shown on the left are more significant. + +### **C.3.1 Use of RTP header fields** + +**SSRC:** The use of the SSRC field for State Signalling Events is in accordance with the RTP protocol. Regardless of the use of the SSRC field, an SSE stream qualifies all media streams associated with the session it is embedded within. + +**Timestamp:** The RTP timestamp reflects when a local decision is made to issue the SSE message. An SSE message can have the same timestamp as another RTP packet such as an audio packet or an RFC 2833 event packet. + +**Marker bit:** Since a SSE has no duration, the marker field is a "do not care" condition. A SSE, receiver shall ignore the RTP marker bit. Transmitters should be set to zero. + +### C.3.2 RTP payload format + +The payload format for the State Signalling Events is shown in Figure C.1. The dashed-line boxes represent fields added to the payload only if the Extension bit (X) is set. + +![](8ba270d9a35a905e16a9b78e6b3ad2b8_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------------------|---|---|---|---|-------------------------------------------|---|---|---------------------------------|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----------------------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | +| Event (6 bits) | | | | | | F | X | Reason identifier code (8 bits) | | | | | | | | Reason identifier code information (16 bits) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Reserved (5 bits) | | | | | Optional extension field length (11 bits) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Optional extension field (0-2047 bytes) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +**Figure C.1/V.150.1 – Payload format for state signalling events** + +- Event:** The event field is used to code local media states as shown in C.5.2. A six-bit field is used. The "event" referred to is SSE message exchange, which may or may not be accompanied by a local media state change. The range 32-63, inclusive, is reserved for vendor-defined SSE events. +- F:** "Force Response" bit. This bit is meaningful only if an explicit acknowledgement feature is negotiated at call establishment (Annex E for SDP and Annex F for H.323). A value of binary-one forces the other end to send an SSE response containing its local media state. If the explicit acknowledgement feature has not been negotiated, then this bit should be set to binary-zero by the transmitter, and must be ignored by the receiver. +- X:** "Extension" bit. If this field is set to a value of binary-zero, then the SSE payload does not have a payload extension at the end. Otherwise, there is a payload extension. The payload extension length field and the five reserved bits preceding it, are present only if there is a payload extension. The Extension bit must be set to binary-one if a vendor-defined local media state is indicated, or if an explicit acknowledgement feature is negotiated at call establishment (Annex E for SDP and Annex F for H.323). +- Reason Identifier Code (RIC)** This eight-bit code indicates the rationale for sending the SSE message. The rationale may be local event detection, a received SSE message, or a combination of local events and received SSE messages. A value of all zeros is a null RIC code, indicating non-communication of the rationale for sending an SSE message. When the RIC is 0, a receiver may assume a default value. Distinct events may share RICs, or may have RICs that are unique to the event. However, note that the RIC space for each event is distinct. +- Reason identifier code information** This sixteen-bit field is used to provide additional information associated with the RIC. For instance, if the RIC refers to the modem CM (call menu) signal, this field may be used to indicate the CM information. If the RIC is null, then this field is always null regardless of its value. A value of all zeros indicates a null RIC information field. + +- Reserved:** Five bits reserved for use by ITU-T. Each of these shall be set to binary-zero. This field exists only if the extension (X) bit is set to binary-one. +- Extension length:** This optional eleven-bit field is used to indicate the number of extension bytes after it. A value of all zeros in the extension length field, although permissible, is not useful. This field exists only if the extension (X) bit is set to binary-one. +- Extension field:** This field consists of a variable number of bytes (0-2047), indicated by the extension length field. + +When a vendor-defined event (32-63) is indicated in an SSE message, the first byte of the extension field must indicate a vendor-specific data tag. The extension field for this case is shown in Figure C.2. If the value of this field is in the range 1-255, it is dynamically mapped, at call establishment, to a vendor identification parameter value (Annex E for SDP and Annex F for H.323). A vendor-specific data tag value of 0 is a null value. In this case, the identity of the vendor must be known by other means such as a configurable or fixed default. + +![Diagram of SSE Extension field for vendor-defined media states showing bit layout.](abeba89144744fac6a1571aa9f94889e_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----------------------------------------------------------|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | +| Vendor Index (8 bits) | | | | | | | | Remainder of the optional extension field (0-2046 bytes) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Diagram of SSE Extension field for vendor-defined media states showing bit layout. + +**Figure C.2/V.150.1 – SSE Extension field for vendor-defined media states** + +If an explicit acknowledgement feature is negotiated at call establishment (Annex E for SDP and Annex F for H.323), the last six bits of the first octet of the extension field indicate the endpoint's or media gateway's perception of the remote end's media state. The first two bits are padded to binary-zero, as indicated by the Pad (P) bits in Figure C.3. The values used for Remote Media State are listed in Table C.1. + +![Diagram of SSE Extension field with explicit acknowledgement feature showing bit layout.](79aaab5889060cf8264226764a109cdb_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|--------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|----------------------------------------------------------|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | +| P | P | Remote Media State
(6 bits) | | | | | | Remainder of the optional extension field (0-2046 bytes) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +Diagram of SSE Extension field with explicit acknowledgement feature showing bit layout. + +**Figure C.3/V.150.1 – SSE Extension field with explicit acknowledgement feature** + +When a vendor-defined event (32-63) is indicated in an SSE message and an explicit acknowledgement feature is negotiated at call establishment (Annex E for SDP and Annex F for H.323), then the first and second bytes of the extension field indicate a vendor-specific data tag and an appropriately padded, remote media state respectively. This is depicted in Figure C.4. + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|-----------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|--|--| +| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | | | +| Vendor Index (8 bits) | | | | | | | | | P | P | Remote Media State (6 bits) | | | | | | Remainder of the optional extension field (0-2045 bytes) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +**Figure C.4/V.150.1 – SSE Extension field with explicit acknowledgement feature** + +## C.4 Reliability + +Three options exist for ensuring SSE reliability. These are: + +- 1) Simple SSE repetition as defined in C.4.1. This option is not declared at call establishment time. As the default option, it is used if one of the remaining two options is not declared. Note that it is permissible to set the number of transmissions to one (no redundancy). +- 2) Use of RFC 2198-based redundancy for SSEs (see C.4.2). This must be explicitly declared at call establishment. +- 3) Explicit acknowledgement of SSEs (see C.4.3). This scheme is based on the inclusion, in an SSE message, of the value of the endpoint's or gateway's `rmt_mode` variable, which indicates its view of the remote media state. Additionally, a gateway or endpoint may force the other end to respond with an SSE by setting the Forced Response (F) bit. To be used, this option must be explicitly declared by both ends at call establishment time. + +### C.4.1 Use of packet repetition + +Redundant transmission of State Signalling Event messages is the default means for ensuring SSE reliability. The number of redundant transmissions and the inter-transmission interval may be provisionable parameters, with three transmissions and 20 ms as the default. Since these parameters can be selected independently by each end, they need not be negotiated. When the number of transmissions is set to one (no redundancy), the inter-transmission interval does not apply. + +A receiver acts upon the first instance of the message it receives. Except for incrementing the sequence number count, it shall ignore the remaining redundant SSE messages. Although they may have different sequence numbers, redundant SSE messages shall have identical timestamps. RTP packets with another format (e.g., PCMU) may be placed in the interval between redundant SSE messages. If this is done, then the timestamps pertaining to the composite media stream will not increase monotonically. + +### C.4.2 Use of RFC 2198-based redundancy + +It is possible to combine the SSE payload with other RTP payloads, including itself, within an RFC 2198 payload. If this combination is used, the association between the different constituents of an RFC 2198 payload shall be defined at session establishment using H.245 or other protocol such as SDP (RFC 2327). + +Simple repetitive redundancy and RFC 2198 redundancy shall not be simultaneously used for SSE. + +An implementation need not support RFC 2198 encapsulation of SSEs to be compliant with this annex. + +### C.4.3 Explicit acknowledgement of SSEs + +Explicit acknowledgement is an optional procedure that is used on a call-by-call basis only if both endpoints of a call support it. + +During call set up, each endpoint indicates whether it supports explicit acknowledgement. If both endpoints of a call indicate they support the procedure, it may be used for the call. + +#### C.4.3.1 Explicit acknowledgement variables + +If an endpoint supports the explicit acknowledgement procedure, it must implement three variables, two timers, and a counter, as follows: + +- variable *lcl\_mode* indicates the current media state of the local endpoint (i.e., the value that will be sent to the remote gateway or endpoint in the Event field of an SSE message); +- variable *rmt\_mode* indicates the last known media state of the remote endpoint, as known by the local endpoint (i.e., the value that will be sent to the remote gateway or endpoint in the Remote Media State Field of an SSE Extension field with explicit acknowledgement); +- variable *rmt\_ack* indicates the last known mode of the local endpoint known by the remote endpoint, as known by the local endpoint (i.e., the value that was received from the remote gateway or endpoint in the Remote Media State field of an SSE Extension field with explicit acknowledgement); +- timer *t0* is used to control sending mode change messages to the remote endpoint; +- timer *t1* is used to recover from lost acknowledgements sent by the remote gateway; and +- counter *n0* is used to control sending mode change messages to the remote endpoint. + +The timers, when non-zero, decrement toward zero with real time, stopping when they reach zero. Timer *t0* when started is set to the value *t0interval*, similarly with *t1* and *t1interval*. Counter *n0* is set to the value *n0count* when it is initialized. + +The values *t0interval*, *t1interval*, and *n0count* may be either static in an endpoint implementation, or determined dynamically during the call based on network statistics. If static, values of 10 milliseconds, 300 milliseconds, and 3 are recommended for *t0interval*, *t1interval*, and *n0count* respectively. + +If determined dynamically, then the following values are recommended. + +| Let: | Be: | +|---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| P | the probability that a packet sent by one MoIP endpoint through the packet network will be successfully received by the other endpoint | +| T | the latency that can be tolerated in the delivery of mode updates | +| Q | the reliability required in the delivery of mode updates within the given latency | +| RTD | the round trip delay through the packet network between the two endpoints | +| OWD $\approx$ RTD/2 | the one way delay through the packet network from one endpoint to the other | +| Then the value of: | is: | +| n0count | $\text{floor}(\log(1 - q)/\log(1 - p))$ | +| T0interval | $\max(0, (OWD - t)/(N0count - 1))$ | +| T1interval | $1.5 \times \text{RTD}$ | + +#### C.4.3.2 Explicit acknowledgement procedures + +If the explicit acknowledgement procedure is being used for a call, the endpoints shall execute the following procedures. + +When an endpoint's MoIP application goes to a new mode, it: + +- sends an SSE message to the other endpoint containing the current value of the variables `lcl_mode` and `rmt_mode` to the other endpoint, with the must respond flag set to FALSE; +- sets counter `n0` to the value `n0count`; +- sets timer `t0` to `t0interval` (even if it was non-zero); and +- sets timer `t1` to `t1interval` (even if it was non-zero). + +When: + +- timer `t0` decrements to 0; +- counter `n0` is not equal to 0; and +- the value of `lcl_mode` is not equal to the value of `rmt_ack`. + +The endpoint sends an SSE message to the other endpoint exactly as above except: + +- counter `n0` is decremented rather than set to `n0count`; +- timer `t1` is not set; and +- the must respond flag is set to TRUE if the value of timer `t1` is zero. + +NOTE – If timer `t0` decrements to 0 and counter `n0` is equal to zero, no action is taken until timer `t1` decrements to 0. + +When: + +- timer `t1` decrements to 0; +- counter `n0` is equal to 0; and +- the value of `lcl_mode` is not equal to the value of `rmt_ack`. + +The endpoint sends an SSE message to the other endpoint exactly as first given above except: + +- counter `n0` is not decremented, it is left equal to zero; +- timer `t0` is not set (It too is left equal to 0.); and +- the must respond flag is set to TRUE. + +Upon receipt of an SSE message from the other endpoint: + +- if the message is duplicated or out of sequence (determined using the RTP header sequence number), the endpoint ignores the received message. + +If the message is not ignored, the endpoint: + +- sets the values of `rmt_mode` and `rmt_ack` to the values in the message; and +- if: + - the message contained a new value for the remote endpoint's mode; or + - the message's must respond flag is set to TRUE, + +the endpoint sends an SSE message to the other endpoint exactly as first given above except counter `n0` and timers `t0` and `t1` are not (re)set. + +## C.5 State signalling event definitions + +### C.5.1 Protocol extension mechanism + +Apart from vendor-defined events (range 32-63), the base SSE protocol definition in this annex may not be extended without revising this Recommendation. Further, it shall be possible for a media gateway or endpoint to ignore vendor-defined events and related RICs, extensions etc., without impacting the operation of a MoIP gateway. + +### C.5.2 List of state signalling events + +The encoding of events indicating the media states defined in clause C.2 is shown in Table C.1. The encoding is the same regardless of whether an endpoint or media gateway is indicating its local media state, or its perception of the remote media state. + +A gateway that supports the SSE protocol for MoIP must be able to understand events 1-3. The ability to understand the remaining events shall not be presumed unless they are explicitly declared at call establishment. + +**Table C.1/V.150.1 – Coding of the media states** + +| Event encoding
(Decimal)
| Indicated media state | +|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| 0 | Reserved for future use by ITU-T | +| 1 | Initial Audio | +| 2 | Voice Band Data (VBD) | +| 3 | Modem Relay | +| 4 | Fax Relay | +| 5 | Text Relay | +| 6-31 | Reserved for future use by ITU-T | +| 32-63 | Vendor-defined | + +### C.5.3 SSE protocol operation + +For a media stream (port) or set of media streams (ports or "flow") governed by an SSE payload type value, the "local" media state represents the view of the gateway or end-point regarding the media state. The "remote" media state represents the corresponding view of the remote endpoint, communicated via the SSE. The "SSE protocol state" for the port, or ports, is a pair consisting of the local and remote media states. + +The local state (represented by S) can take on the following values (based on clause C.2): + +- a: Initial Audio; +- v: Voice Band Data (VBD); +- m: Modem Relay (MR); +- f: Fax Relay (FR); +- t: Text Relay (TR). + +In addition to all of these values, the remote state (represented by S') may take on the following value: + +- i: indeterminate. + +For the port(s) governed by an SSE payload type value, an SSE protocol state, P, which is a composite of the local and remote media states is defined and expressed as a pair, $P = (S, S')$ . + +Upon initialization, the SSE protocol state, $(S, S')$ , is set to $(a, a)$ . Thus, the initial audio state is the "base" state of any SSE-driven media state machine. + +#### C.5.3.1 SSE generation rules + +Consider a change in the SSE protocol state from $P1 = (S1, S1')$ to $P2 = (S2, S2')$ , where one or both of the following propositions is true: + +$S1$ is not the same as $S2$ ; + +$S1'$ is not the same as $S2'$ . + +On any change in the SSE protocol state from $P1 = (S1, S1')$ to $P2 = (S2, S2')$ , an SSE indicating media state $S2$ shall be sent to the remote gateway or end-point. + +An exception to this is the case where the following propositions are all true: $S1'$ is not the same as $S2'$ , $S1$ is the same as $S2$ and $S2$ is the same as $S2'$ are all true. In this case, the last SSE message received is a response to a prior SSE sent to the remote end, indicating that the remote end has switched to a media state $S2'$ that is identical to the local media state $S2$ , which is itself unchanged. In this case, an SSE indicating media state $S2$ shall not be sent to the remote end. + +In the context of protocol error recovery, the gateway or end-point is permitted to resend the initial audio SSE on timeout expiration (see C.5.3.3), even though there has been no change in protocol state. + +It is not the intention of this annex to delineate all the internal triggers that can cause the local media state, $S1$ , to change. One such trigger is the receipt of an SSE (see C.5.3.2). Other local triggers are specific to the MoIP, FoIP, and ToIP applications. + +#### C.5.3.2 Media state transition rules + +Upon receipt of a new SSE message, the remote media state, $S'$ , is set to the media state (a, v, f, m, t) indicated in the SSE. + +The setting of the local media state, $S$ , on receipt of a new SSE message depends upon factors such as: + +- Permitted media states. See the list below. +- Current resource availability. +- Support of the media state by the design. + +The permitted local media states on receipt of a new SSE are: + +**Table C.2/V.150.1 – Permitted media states** + +| Rule | Condition | Description | +|------|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 1 | If ( $S'$ is a), then $S = a$ | When an SSE indicating the initial audio media state is received, a compliant implementation shall change the local media state (for the port(s) in question) to initial audio. There is no choice, since the initial audio media state indicates that it has changed the base state of any SSE-driven media state machine. | +| 2 | If ( $S'$ is v), then $S = a$ or v | This rule allows the possibility of not changing to a VBD media state when the other side indicates that it has changed media state to VBD. Such a choice is application-specific. | +| 3 | If ( $S'$ is m), then $S = a$ or v or m | Rules 3, 4 and 5 allow the possibility of not setting the local media state to match the remote media state, and instead, selecting initial audio (a) or VBD (v) as the local state. Such a choice is application-specific. | +| 4 | If ( $S'$ is f), then $S = a$ or v or f | | +| 5 | If ( $S'$ is t), then $S = a$ or v or t | | + +These rules limit the freedom of a compliant endpoint or gateway with respect to local media state change on receipt of an SSE message. Any contravention of these rules by the remote gateway or endpoint shall be handled via the recovery procedures in C.5.4. Implementations may further limit the range of values for the local media state in response to an SSE. + +#### **C.5.3.3 The use of the P' RIC** + +This Recommendation defines a RIC called P' which is used by the SSE protocol to indicate that a gateway sending the P' RIC is following the rule defined in this annex, whereby a gateway sends such an indication upon recognizing that the remote gateway's SSE protocol state has changed. + +### **C.5.4 Protocol error recovery** + +#### **C.5.4.1 No explicit SSE acknowledgement** + +The protocol error recovery mechanism in this clause is applicable only if the explicit SSE acknowledgment procedures (see C.4.3) are not being used. + +This recovery mechanism aims at setting both sides to the initial audio media state which is the "base", "ground" or "reset" state for the SSE protocol state machine. This mechanism may be used in lieu of terminating the session (clearing the call) when the following conditions occur: + +- 1) Inability to comply with the rules of C.5.3.2. This covers the receipt of out-of-context SSE, and an inability to make one of the permitted local media state transitions for reasons such as resource unavailability. +- 2) If S is not the same as S' (local and remote media state not the same) for more than T2 seconds (defined below). +- 3) If the received payload type and/or packet format is inconsistent with the local media state, S1, for more than T2 seconds (defined below). Note that this allows asymmetrical payload types, but not asymmetrical media states. Sessions with media states, as defined in this annex, that are directionally asymmetrical are out of the scope of this Recommendation. + +Note that the list of conditions, above, that trigger protocol recovery is not necessarily exhaustive. In lieu of protocol recovery, media gateways may be designed or provisioned to terminate the session (clear the call) when one or more of these conditions arise. No interoperability problems arise when the two ends are designed or provisioned differently, since clearing the call, by definition, pre-empts an attempt to reset both sides to the initial audio media state. + +Protocol recovery, as defined here, consists of the following sequence of actions: + +- 1) Set S to a and S' to i (local media state set to audio, remote media state set to indeterminate). +- 2) Send an SSE indicating the initial audio state. This is to be repeated every T1 seconds (defined below) until S' is a. If S' is not the same as a after N tries, then the session shall be terminated. + +The following is a list of timeouts associated with this recovery procedure: + +- 1) **T1.** Repeat interval for initial audio SSEs used for resetting the SSE protocol. This may be provisionable. The recommended default is 1 second. Packet repetition during normal operation (see C.4.1). The SSE redundancy options described in clauses C.4.1 and C.4.2 may be used in addition to SSE repetitions that are meant to reset the SSE protocol. The default value of N (number of retries) shall be five. + +- 2) **T2.** Transience interval for media states. This is the time interval for which an inconsistency in the local and remote media states is permitted. Theoretically, this can be made equal to the Round Trip Delay for SSE, plus a margin for processing delays, delay fluctuations etc. In practice, it is not always possible to set this parameter separately for each possible session. A value that is large enough for all connections should be chosen; a recommended default is 1 second. + +The timeouts, T1 and T2, and the retry count, N, may be provisionable. + +### **C.5.5 SSE reason identifier codes** + +The SSE Reason Identifier Codes (RIC) values and formats for MoIP gateways are described in 15.3.1. + +# **Annex D** + +## **Procedures for voiceband data only mode of operation** + +This annex is reserved and the procedures for Voice Band Data only mode of operation are for further study. Equipment that implements VBD-only mode of operation that will be defined by this annex will be compatible but not compliant with this Recommendation. + +# **Annex E** + +## **SDP description of sessions supporting SPRT-based modem relay** + +This annex describes how to use SDP, as defined in IETF RFC 2327, to describe sessions that support SPRT-based modem relay. SDP descriptors that address modem relay functionality shall comply with RFC 2327. + +As defined in RFC 2327, SDP keywords are case-significant. This includes SDP parameter values unless a field defines it otherwise. Following MIME conventions, names and values associated with MIME definitions are case-insignificant. This inconsistency is inherited from prior standardization. + +## **E.0 Abbreviations** + +This annex uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|------|---------------------------------------| +| AVP | Audio/Video Profile | +| FEC | Forward Error Correction | +| FID | Flow Identification | +| JM | Joint Mode | +| MIME | Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions | +| PCMA | Pulse Code Modulation, A-law | +| PCMU | Pulse Code Modulation, Mu-law | +| SDP | Session Description Protocol | +| XID | Exchange Identification | + +## E.1 Introduction + +This clause describes the representation of information without which an SPRT-based modem relay capability cannot be described. + +The following subclauses of E.1 define the SDP objects that are required in the context of a SPRT-based modem relay. SDP objects that are normally needed to describe RTP media are not redefined here. However, they are included, for completeness, in the examples. + +For SPRT-based modem relay sessions that conform to this Recommendation, it is assumed that the session is initialized in a non-Modem Relay, non-VBD mode. Contingent upon the detection of certain events, SSE-based coordination is used to transition the session to VBD or Modem Relay. Items that must be included in the description of such sessions are: + +- 1) A declaration of the UDP-based SPRT transport protocol, along with the UDP port and payload type associated with it (see E.1.1 and E.1.2). +- 2) A VBD media description (see E.1.4). The call-originating end must include either PCMA or PCMU (or both) in the list of VBD codecs, though other VBD codecs may be additionally specified. The call-terminating end must indicate support for at least one VBD codec, which need not be PCM-based. +- 3) Declaration of support for the following RFC 2833 events: ANS (32), /ANS (33), ANSam (34) and /ANSam (35). +- 4) Declaration of support of SSE signalling (Annex C), along with the UDP port and payload type associated with it. To meet the timing constraints imposed by modem interaction, SSE signalling is used for media state changes by implementations that comply with this Recommendation. + +### E.1.1 Description of SPRT media on a dedicated UDP port + +This clause addresses the case where a UDP port is dedicated for use by the MR media. Note that, by including media-level connection lines, it is also possible to separate the MR and non-MR (RTP) streams in a session on distinct IP addresses. + +A media information ('m' line) is described in RFC 2327 as: + +``` +m= +``` + +For V.150.1 sessions, the parameter is set to 'audio'. + +The parameter for V.150.1 media is assigned a value of 'udpsprt'. This refers to Simple Packet Relay Transport over UDP. Per RFC 2327 convention, the parameter is case-sensitive. Transmitters must build a lower-case value; receivers may be case-tolerant. + +The consists of one dynamically assigned payload type in the range 96-127. + +The 'sprtmap' attribute is defined below to map this payload type into the modem relay payload format, v150mr: + +``` +a=sprtmap:< payload type> v150mr/ +``` + +In this context, the clock rate refers to the rate at which the voiceband modem signal is sampled prior to its conversion into the modem relay format. + +An example of the use of the 'm' line to describe SPRT-based modem relay media is: + +``` +m=audio 49232 udpsprt 98 +a=sprtmap:98 v150mr/8000 +``` + +### E.1.2 Switching a UDP port between MR and non-MR media + +This clause addresses the case in which a single UDP port assigned to non-MR (e.g., RTP) media may be later switched to MR. In this case, MR is described as a latent capability embedded in a capability set (RFC 3407). This is illustrated by the following SDP lines that allow destination UDP port # 49230 to be switched between the RTP/AVP and modem relay payload formats: + +``` +m=audio 49230 RTP/AVP 0 2 8 +a=sqn:0 +a=cdsc:1 audio udpsprt 100 +a=cpar:a=sprtmmap:100 v150mr/8000 +``` + +In this example, an SPRT payload type of 100 is used if port # 49230 is switched to MR. As in clause E.1.1, the 'sprtmmap' attribute is used to map this payload type into the modem relay payload format, v150mr. Capability set usage conforms to the syntax rules of RFC 3407. This capability set is assigned a sequence number of 0 ('sqn'), and the embedded MR capability is numbered 1. + +### E.1.3 Description of state signalling event protocol support + +The SSE protocol shall be declared as a dynamic RTP/AVP payload type, as shown below. The RTP/AVP encoding name 'v150fw' indicates the SSE protocol as defined in this Recommendation. + +``` +m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 15 96 +a=rtpmmap:96 v150fw/8000 +``` + +Declaration of SSE support may optionally be accompanied by a format-specific 'fmtp' attribute line that lists all supported events that are not vendor-specific: + +``` +a=fmtp: +``` + +The supported events are listed as comma-separated elements. Each element can either be a single integer, or two integers separated by a hyphen. In the latter case, a range of events is indicated. No white space is allowed. Lists with one element are permitted. The V.150.1 events 1 through 3 need not be explicitly declared in the SDP. + +For example, + +``` +m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 15 96 +a=rtpmmap:96 v150fw/8000 +a=fmtp:96 4,5 +``` + +indicates support for the V.150.1 events 1 through 3, and events 4 and 5. When this optional 'fmtp' attribute is omitted, support of events 1 through 3 as defined in Table C.1 is implied by default. + +Vendor-specific events may be declared as vendor-specific parameters (see E.2.2.2). + +The scope of the SSE messages should extend to all media streams declared in the SDP session descriptor that are covered by the set of SSE protocol states as defined in this Recommendation. SSE messages are used to coordinate the assignment of resources to these media streams. These media streams may span several ports, or may share a single port. If they span several ports, they may be sent to the same or different connection addresses (e.g., IP addresses). + +Three options exist for ensuring SSE reliability. These are: + +- 1) Simple SSE repetition as defined in Annex C. This is not declared at call establishment time. This is the default option to be used if any of the remaining two options are not declared. +- 2) Use of RFC 2198 for SSE. This shall be explicitly declared at call establishment. +- 3) Inclusion, in the SSE message, of the endpoint's or gateway's view of the far-end media state (S'). To be used, this option must be explicitly declared by both ends using an optional, format-specific Boolean parameter, '*expack*' ('Explicit Acknowledgement') as + +defined below. The possible values of this parameter are 'yes' and 'no'. The default, when this parameter is omitted, is 'no'. If only one side enables this option, then this method is not used. It is if, and only if this parameter is enabled that the "Must Respond Bit" defined in C.3.2 may be used. Otherwise, the value of this bit is a do not care. + +``` +a=fmtp: expack=yes +``` + +The following example: + +``` +m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 15 96 +a=rtpmap:96 v150fw/8000 +a=fmtp:96 expack=yes +``` + +indicates a gateway's consent to the reliability procedure in line item (3), above. + +### E.1.4 Description of VBD media + +The 'gpmd' (general-purpose media descriptor) attribute is used to associate payload types in a media information ('m') line with VBD. The general form of this attribute line is: + +``` +a=gpmd: +``` + +In the context of VBD declaration, the must be an RTP payload type. The is a semicolon-separated list of "parameter = value" pairs. For RTP formats, these pairs address parameters that are not part of their standard MIME definition. For sessions supporting this Recommendation, the parameter of interest is the Boolean 'vbd' that may have the value of 'yes' or 'no'. + +The payload type marked for Voice Band Data (VBD) treatment may be a static payload type or a dynamic payload type. It is possible that a codec, such as PCMU, be declared with both static and dynamic payload types, with only one of the two marked use with for Voice Band Data. + +``` +m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 15 98 99 +a=rtpmap:98 PCMU/8000 +a=gpmd:98 vbd=yes +a=rtpmap:99 G726-32/8000 +a=gpmd:99 vbd=yes +``` + +In the example directly above, static payload type '0' and dynamic payload type '98' each represent the encoding format 'PCMU'. The payload type '0' is not associated with VBD. The payload types '98' (PCMU) and '99' (32 kbit/s ADPCM) are however associated with VBD. + +``` +m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 18 98 +a=gpmd:0 vbd=yes +a=rtpmap:98 G726-32/8000 +a=gpmd:98 vbd=yes +``` + +In this example, the static payload type of 0 (PCMU) is marked for VBD treatment, along with the dynamic payload type '98' (mapped to 32 kbit/s ADPCM). + +### E.1.5 Description of mandatory V.150.1 attributes + +Although all attributes are optional at the SDP parser-level, some might be made mandatory at the application level. For applications that comply with this Recommendation, the following parameters are mandatory: + +- 1) Modem relay type, 'mr'. Allowed values are 0 (V-MR) and 1 (U-MR). +- 2) Media gateway type, 'mg'. Allowed values are: 0 ('No Trans-compression'), 1 ('Single Trans-compression') and 2 ('Double Trans-compression'). + +- 3) Call discrimination mode select, 'CDSCselect'. This indicates preference for one of three call discrimination modes (see 20.3). Allowed values are: 1 ('audio (RFC 2833)'), 2 ('VBD-preferred'), 3 (Mixed). +- 4) List of V-series modulations supported in Modem Relay mode by the gateway, 'mrmodes'. These modulations are listed as one or more comma-separated elements, where each element is either a single integer or two integers separated by a hyphen. No white space is allowed. The integers, which designate modulation types, are defined in Table E.1. + +**Table E.1/V.150.1 – Coding of modulation types in the 'mrmodes' list** + +| Modulation type | Integer representation | +|-----------------------|------------------------| +| V.34 duplex | 1 | +| V.34 Half-duplex | 2 | +| V.32 bis /V.32 | 3 | +| V.22 bis /V.22 | 4 | +| V.17 | 5 | +| V.29 half-duplex | 6 | +| V.27 ter | 7 | +| V.26 ter | 8 | +| V.26 bis | 9 | +| V.23 duplex | 10 | +| V.23 half-duplex | 11 | +| V.21 | 12 | +| V.90 analogue | 13 | +| V.90 digital | 14 | +| V.91 | 15 | +| V.92 analogue | 16 | +| V.92 digital | 17 | + +- 5) Boolean parameter, 'jmdelay'. This parameter indicates the ability of a gateway to support the JM delay procedure as defined in clause 20.7. Values are "yes" and "no". + +These parameters are included in the MIME definition, audio/v150mr. On this basis, they shall be declared as format-specific parameters, using the 'fmtpt' attribute: + +``` +a=fmtpt: +``` + +where is a list of = pairs delimited by semicolons and optional white space(s). For example, "mr=1" and "mg=1" are shown in the third line of the following example: + +``` +m=audio 49232 udpsprt 98 +a=sprtmap:98 v150mr/8000 +a=fmtpt:98 mr=1; mg=1;CDSCselect=3;mrmodes=1-4,10-12,14,17;jmdelay=no +``` + +It is also permissible to place each = pair in a separate 'fmtpt' attribute line, as depicted below: + +``` +m=audio 49232 udpsprt 98 +a=sprtmap:98 v150mr/8000 +a=fmtpt:98 mr=1 +a=fmtpt:98 mg=1 +``` + +``` +a=fmtp:98 CDSCselect=3 +a=fmtp:98 mrmodes=1-4,10-12,14,17 +a=fmtp:98 jmdelay=no +``` + +## **E.2 Optional information** + +This clause describes the SDP representation of information that may be optionally declared at session establishment time. In the absence of their declaration, media gateways may determine this information, where applicable, using fixed defaults or by parameters configured via a management interface. + +### **E.2.1 Description of transmission fault tolerance** + +As with any RTP payload format, codecs marked for VBD treatment may be subject to: + +- 1) RFC 2198 packet redundancy. +- 2) RFC 2733 Forward Error Correction with a separate FEC stream. +- 3) RFC 2733 Forward Error Correction combined with RFC 2198 packet redundancy. + +Per RFC 2198 and RFC 2733, use of these fault tolerance schemes shall be contingent upon their declaration at session establishment time. For SDP, their declaration must be in strict conformance with the SDP rules outlined in the applicable IETF RFC (RFC 2198 and/or RFC 2733). Although these rules are not repeated here, declaring RFC 2198 support for a VBD codec is illustrated with an example: + +``` +m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 15 102 +a=gpmd:0 vbd=yes +a=rtpmap:102 red/8000 +a=fmtp:102 0/0 +``` + +Examples of the declaration of FEC support are found in RFC 2733. RFC 2733 describes the use of an 'fmtp' line to associate a separate FEC stream with an IP address and port. Here, 'separate' means that RFC 2198 redundancy is not used to combine the FEC information with the media stream it qualifies. When a separate FEC stream is sent to the same IP address and port (albeit a different SSRC), as the media stream it qualifies, then there is no need for the 'fmtp' line to associate the 'parityfec' payload type with an IP address and port. Thus, in the following SDP segment: + +``` +c=IN IP4 224.2.17.12 +t=0 0 +m=audio 49170 RTP/AVP 0 15 78 +a=gpmd:0 vbd=yes +a=rtpmap:78 parityfec/8000 +a=fmtp:78 49170 IN IP4 224.2.17.12 +``` + +The last line is superfluous and may be omitted. Likewise, the absence of a line associating an IP address and port with a FEC stream shall be construed to mean that the FEC stream is sent to the same IP address and port as the media stream it qualifies. + +### **E.2.2 Description of the optional attributes of sessions capable of modem relay** + +These are classified into two groups: attributes associated with the SPRT protocol, and attributes associated with the V.150.1 modem relay media format. Recall that SPRT is a general-purpose transport protocol represented in the media ('m=') line by a transport parameter value of 'udpsprt'. On the other hand, 'v150mr' is one of the possible media formats that can use this transport protocol. + +##### E.2.2.1 Optional SPRT protocol parameters + +The optional parameters associated with the SPRT transport protocols are declared via the SDP attribute 'sprtparm'; this line has the format: + +``` +a=sprtparm: + +``` + +The parameters maxPayload0, maxPayload1, maxPayload2, maxPayload3, maxWindow1 and maxWindow2 represent integer values as shown in Table E.2 below. Any of these parameters can be omitted by setting it to '\$'. When this is done, the default values shown in Table E.2 shall be used. Default values shall also be used when the 'sprtparm' attribute line is omitted. + +Table E.2/V.150.1 – Definition and values of 'sprtparm' parameters + +| Parameter | Definition | Value Range | Default | +|-------------|-------------------------------------------------|-----------------|---------| +| maxPayload0 | Maximum payload size of SPRT channel 0 in bytes | Integer 140-256 | 140 | +| maxPayload1 | Maximum payload size of SPRT channel 1 in bytes | Integer 132-256 | 132 | +| maxPayload2 | Maximum payload size of SPRT channel 2 in bytes | Integer 132-256 | 132 | +| maxPayload3 | Maximum payload size of SPRT channel 3 in bytes | Integer 140-256 | 140 | +| maxWindow1 | Maximum window size of SPRT channel 1 in bytes | Integer 32-96 | 32 | +| maxWindow2 | Maximum window size of SPRT channel 2 in bytes | Integer 8-32 | 8 | + +Examples of the use of this optional attribute are: + +``` +a=sprtparm:160 200 220 200 40 25 +a=sprtparm:180 100 $ 240 40 25 +a=sprtparm:220 200 $ $ $ $ +``` + +If an originating gateway proposes a value for one of the 'sprtparm' parameters, any corresponding value proposed by the terminating gateway must then be equal to, or less than, the value proposed by the originating gateway. Note that either gateway may set this value to '\$'. + +It is permissible to omit trailing '\$' tokens at the end of the 'sprtparm' line. For instance, + +``` +a=sprtparm:200 $ $ $ $ $ +``` + +is equivalent to + +``` +a=sprtparm:200 +``` + +##### E.2.2.2 Optional vendor-specific parameters + +The 'vndpar' (vendor parameters) attribute may be used to declare vendor codes for coordinating enhanced operation over and above the V.150.1 modem. It shall be possible to safely ignore vendor-specific parameters and still maintain interoperability with equipment conforming to this Recommendation. Hence, proprietary enhancements cannot be a substitute for the basic features required for compliance with this Recommendation. + +The format of the 'vndpar' attribute line is as follows: + +``` +a=vndpar: +[] +``` + +The , a decimal, indicates the format of the following field. The following values are defined: + +| Integer representation | Vendor ID format | +|------------------------|--------------------------------| +| 1 | ITU-T Rec. T.35 | +| 2 | IANA private enterprise number | + +The may be represented in hex or in decimal format. If represented in hex, it has a '0x' prefix. Generally, if the vendor ID format is T.35, the hexadecimal format is preferred. If it is the IANA private enterprise number (), the decimal format is preferred. + +When the vendor ID format is T.35, the vendor ID consists of a country code followed by a vendor code. The country code consists of four octets and the vendor ID consists of two octets. If the representation of the vendor ID is hexadecimal, leading zeros in the country code may be omitted, while leading zeros in the vendor code may not be omitted. + +When the is the vendor's private enterprise number, leading zeros may be omitted. + +The is a decimal integer between 0-255. If used, values in the range 1-255 are uniquely mapped, via the 'vndpar' attribute, to the combination of the vendor specified in the and the proprietary capabilities indicated by . This mapping, which exists for the duration of a session, does not persist across sessions. Further, each side may choose this integer independently of the other end. Due to the compactness of this index, a gateway or endpoint may use it in a number of places such as in SSE messages (Annex C). A value of 0 is a null value. When present, it is equivalent to omitting the . A null value of the is not associated with any vendor ID. + +It shall be possible for an endpoint or gateway to declare multiple (1-255) 'vndpar' attribute lines in an SDP session description. Each of these lines may indicate a different vendor. In addition, multiple 'vndpar' lines may indicate the same vendor. When multiple 'vndpar' lines are declared in an SDP session descriptor, each value of must either be unique within all 'vndpar' lines in the session descriptor or null (0). If non-null, the may serve as a dynamically assigned, feature identifier for the vendor. + +Inclusion of the parameter is optional. When included, this is a vendor-defined octet string consisting of one or more octets. Since it consists of an integer number of octets, it is represented by an even number of hex characters. No '0x' prefix is needed. No size limitation is specified since SDP parsers can ignore another vendor's string without checking its length. A vendor is permitted to add additional structure to the field such that features are identified by their position in this field. A vendor may also elect to add explicit feature identification within the field. When present, these supplement the . + +Note that the vendor is not precluded from using the field to communicate parameters that are not related to modem relay. + +##### E.2.2.3 Optional media format parameters + +The optional attributes associated with the V.150.1 modem relay format can be declared as parameters specific to the 'v150mr' payload format using the 'fmtpt' attribute. This is along the same lines as clause E.1.5. + +###### 1) Name of Optional Attribute: versn + +**Definition:** Complete representation of the ITU-T V.150.x family of Recommendations (as defined in clause 7/V.150.0). This complete representation is of the form x.y, where the + +first integer 'x' is the number trailing the dot in the Recommendation number e.g., '1' in ITU-T Rec. V.150.1, '2' in ITU-T Rec. V.150.2 etc. The second integer 'y' refers to the version of this Recommendation. Thus, the complete version of ITU-T Rec. V.150.1 version 2 is 1.2. Declaration of a version number, x.y, shall imply backward compatibility with earlier versions represented by smaller values of 'y'. The complete representation of the version of this Recommendation is 1.1. + +**Value:** Dotted representation, x.y. + +**Default:** Fixed or configured. + +###### 2) **Name of Optional Attribute:** txalgs + +**Definition:** Supported optional Trans-Compression algorithms + +**Value:** Comma-separated integer values and hyphenated integer ranges e.g., "1-2" or "1,2". The call-originating end may declare multiple values as alternative Trans-Compression schemes. If a value of 1 (V.44 Trans-Compression) is included in this list, then the following attributes must be provided in the session description: v44NumTxCodewords, v44NumRxCodewords, v44MaxTxStringLength, v44MaxRxStringLength, V44LenTxHistory and V44LenRxHistory. These are defined below. + +**Default:** None of the values of the txalgs attribute. Since the support of ITU-T Rec. V.42 *bis* is mandatory for this Recommendation, it is not declared at call establishment. Hence, ITU-T Rec. V.42 *bis* is not included in Table E.3. + +**Table E.3/V.150.1 – Integer representation of trans-compression algorithms** + +| Trans-compression algorithm | Integer representation | +|-----------------------------|------------------------| +| V44 | 1 | +| MNP5 | 2 | + +###### 3) **Name of Optional Attribute:** V42bNumCodewords + +**Definition:** Proposed number of codewords. + +**Value:** 512-65535 + +**Default:** 1024. + +###### 4) **Name of Optional Attribute:** v42bMaxStringLength + +**Definition:** Maximum V.42 string size. + +**Value:** 6-250 + +**Default:** 32. + +###### 5) **Name of Optional Attribute:** v44NumTxCodewords + +**Definition:** Proposed number of codewords in the transmitter. + +**Value:** 256-65535 + +**Default:** 1024. + +###### 6) **Name of Optional Attribute:** v44NumRxCodewords + +**Definition:** Proposed number of codewords in the receiver. + +**Value:** 256-65535 + +**Default:** 1024. + +- 7) **Name of Optional Attribute:** v44MaxTxStringLength +**Definition:** Maximum string length in the transmitter. +**Value:** 32-255 +**Default:** 64. +- 8) **Name of Optional Attribute:** v44MaxRxStringLength +**Definition:** Maximum string length in the receiver. +**Value:** 32-255 +**Default:** 64. +- 9) **Name of Optional Attribute:** V44LenTxHistory +**Definition:** Proposed size of the transmitter history. +**Value:** 512-65535 +**Default:** 3072. +- 10) **Name of Optional Attribute:** V44LenRxHistory +**Definition:** Proposed size of the receiver history. +**Value:** 512-65535 +**Default:** 3072. +- 11) **Name of Optional Attribute:** TCXpreference +**Definition:** When two double Trans-Compression (D-TCX) gateways are connected, this parameter indicates preference for the initial Trans-Compression mode. +**Values:** 1 ('single'), 2 ('double'). +**Default:** 1. + +The following example (fourth line onwards) illustrates the declaration of some of the optional, V.150.1 media format parameters described above: + +``` +m=audio 49232 udpsprt 98 +a=sprtmap:98 v150mr/8000 +a=fmtp:98 mr=1; mg=1;CDSCselect=3;mrmodes=1-4,10-12,14,17;jmdelay=yes +a=fmtp:98 versn=1.1; txalgs=2 +``` + +Note that it is also possible to combine, as shown below, the mandatory and optional V.150.1 media format parameters on the same 'fmtp' attribute line: + +``` +m=audio 49232 udpsprt 98 +a=sprtmap:98 v150mr/8000 +a=fmtp:98 mr=1;mg=1;CDCselect=3;mrmodes=1-4,10-12,14,17;jmdelay=yes;versn=1.1;txalgs=2 +``` + +#### E.2.3 Version negotiation + +Endpoints shall signal the version that it supports in the **versn** attribute in its offer. The recipient of the offer shall accept that version or modify the version attribute to be equal or a lower version when transmitting an answer to the initial offer. The recipient of an offer shall not respond with an answer containing a higher version than that which was offered. + +## E.3 Examples of complete SDP descriptors + +The examples in this clause show the minimum number of lines needed to construct an SDP-compliant session descriptor that includes all attributes that are mandatory (see E.1) for the representation of SPRT modem relay. + +``` +v=0 +o=- 25678 753849 IN IP4 128.96.41.1 +s= +c=IN IP4 128.96.41.1 +t=0 0 +m=audio 49230 RTP/AVP 0 2 8 18 97 98 +a=gpmd:0 vbd=yes +a=gpmd:8 vbd=yes +a=rtpmap:97 telephone-event/8000 +a=fmtp:97 0-15,32,33,34,35,66,70 +a=rtpmap:98 v150fw/8000 +m=audio 49232 udpsprt 100 +a=sprtmap:100 v150mr/8000 +a=fmtp:100 mr=0; mg=1; CDSCselect=3;mrmods=1,2;jmdelay=no;versn=1.1 +``` + +In this example, ports 49230 and 49232 are used for the RTP/AVP and SPRT media streams respectively. Within the RTP/AVP media stream, the static payload types of 0 (PCMU) and 8 (PCMA) are marked for VBD treatment via the 'gpmd' attribute. + +The telephone-event format is dynamically mapped into the payload type of 97. The 'fmtp' attribute is used to declare support of individual RFC 2833 events. In compliance with the requirements of this Recommendation, this includes events 32-35 (ANS etc.). + +Support for the SSEs defined in Annex C is indicated by associating the token 'v150fw' with the dynamic payload type 98. By default, the scope of the SSE with payload type 98 extends to all media ports (49230 and 49232) declared in this session description. Since the list of supported events that are not vendor-specific is not explicitly listed via an 'fmtp' attribute, this is defaulted to the set of mandatory SSE events (Table C.1). + +SPRT-based, modem relay media are associated with a port number of 49232. The payload type associated with the format 'v150mr' is 100. The 'fmtp' attribute is used to indicate that Version 1.1 of this Recommendation is being used, that the type of modem relay is 'V.8' and not 'universal' and that single Trans-Compression is being used. + +Another variant of this descriptor, shown below, depicts 49230 as being shared between an RTP/AVP and an SPRT media stream. In this example, the type of modem relay is U-MR (mr=1) rather than V-MR (mr=0), and the modulations supported for modem relay are different. + +``` +v=0 +o=- 25678 753849 IN IP4 128.96.41.1 +s= +c=IN IP4 128.96.41.1 +t=0 0 +m=audio 49230 RTP/AVP 0 2 8 18 97 98 +a=gpmd:0 vbd=yes +a=gpmd:8 vbd=yes +a=rtpmap:97 telephone-event/8000 +a=fmtp:97 0-15,32,33,34,35,66,70 +a=rtpmap:98 v150fw/8000 +a=sql:0 +a=cdsc:1 audio udpsprt 100 +a=cpar:a=sprtmap:100 v150mr/8000 +a=cpar:a=fmtp:100 mr=1; mg=1;CDSCselect=3; +mrmods=1-4,10-12,14,17;jmdelay=no;versn=1.1 +``` + +# Annex F + +## Definition of capabilities for use within H.245-based systems + +## F.1 Scope + +This annex defines the capabilities that need to be exchanged between H.245-based systems for the transmission of modem signals over packet-based networks. + +## F.2 Introduction + +ITU-T Rec. H.245 defines a "Generic Capability" mechanism for adding new capabilities to H.245-based signalling systems. This mechanism allows for the addition of new capabilities without requiring the introduction of new ASN.1 to the base H.245 specification. Newer capabilities added to ITU-T Rec. H.245 are typically defined as generic capabilities and this annex serves to hold those capability definitions for modem signalling over packet-based networks. + +## F.3 Modem over IP (MoIP) capability identification and exchange + +Like fax signalling, modem signalling over packet-based networks is considered a data application. As such, the MoIP capability defined in this annex shall be signalled as a **DataApplicationCapability** within H.245. Table F.1 defines the coding of the V.150.1 generic capability for H.245. + +**Table F.1/V.150.1 – Capability identifier for V.150.1** + +| | | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Capability name | V150MoIP | +| Capability class | Data application capability | +| Capability identifier type | Standard | +| Capability identifier value | {itu-t (0) recommendation (0) v (22) 150 moip (0) major-version-one(1) minor-version-one(1)} | +| maxBitRate | The maxBitRate field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | +| collapsing | This field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | +| nonCollapsing | This field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | +| nonCollapsingRaw | This field shall be present and shall contain a value encoded using the ALIGNED variant of BASIC-PER for the ASN.1 type defined in clause F.4 | +| transport | This field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | + +The version number may increase in subsequent publications of this Recommendation. Refer to clause 1.1 for more information. + +H.245-based systems may advertise more than one mode of MoIP operation by advertising multiple capabilities within the **TerminalCapabilitySet** message. For example, if a gateway has the wherewithal to act as a v8 gateway with one set of modulation capabilities and a universal gateway with a different set of modulation capabilities, the gateway may advertise each of those capabilities separately, resulting in the advertisement of two capabilities. + +## F.4 MoIP capability definition syntax + +V150MOIP-CAPABILITY DEFINITIONS AUTOMATIC TAGS ::= BEGIN + +IMPORTS + +NonStandardParameter FROM MULTIMEDIA-SYSTEM-CONTROL; + +V150MoIPCapability ::= SEQUENCE + +``` +{ + nonStandard SEQUENCE OF NonStandardParameter OPTIONAL, + modemRelayType CHOICE + { + v-mr NULL, + u-mr NULL, + ... + }, + gatewayType CHOICE + { + ntcx NULL, -- No Transcompression + stcx NULL, -- Single Transcompression + dtcx CHOICE -- Double Transcompression + { + single NULL, -- Preferred mode between two gateways + double NULL, -- with double transcompression ability + ... + }, + ... + }, + callDiscriminationMode CHOICE + { + audio NULL, + g2-choice NULL, + combination NULL, + ... + }, + sprtParameters SEQUENCE + { + maxPayloadSizeChannel0 INTEGER(140..256) OPTIONAL, -- Default 140 + maxPayloadSizeChannel1 INTEGER(132..256) OPTIONAL, -- Default 132 + maxWindowSizeChannel1 INTEGER(32..96) OPTIONAL, -- Default 32 + maxPayloadSizeChannel2 INTEGER(132..256) OPTIONAL, -- Default 132 + maxWindowSizeChannel2 INTEGER(8..32) OPTIONAL, -- Default 8, + maxPayloadSizeChannel3 INTEGER(140..256) OPTIONAL, -- Default 140 + ... + } OPTIONAL, + modulationSupport SEQUENCE + { + v34FullDuplex NULL OPTIONAL, + v34HalfDuplex NULL OPTIONAL, + v32bis-v32 NULL OPTIONAL, + v22bis-v22 NULL OPTIONAL, + v17 NULL OPTIONAL, + v29HalfDuplex NULL OPTIONAL, + v27ter NULL OPTIONAL, + v26ter NULL OPTIONAL, + v26bis NULL OPTIONAL, + v23FullDuplex NULL OPTIONAL, + v23HalfDuplex NULL OPTIONAL, + v21 NULL OPTIONAL, + v90Analog NULL OPTIONAL, + } +} +``` + +``` + +v90Digital NULL OPTIONAL, +v92Analog NULL OPTIONAL, +v92Digital NULL OPTIONAL, +v91 NULL OPTIONAL, +... +}, +compressionMode SEQUENCE +{ +-- Including a SEQUENCE for a particular compression mode, but not +-- including any of the optional parameters within the SEQUENCE, +-- indicates support for the specific compression mode, but assumes that +-- all parameter values are set to their default values +mnp5 NULL OPTIONAL, +v44 SEQUENCE +{ + numTxCodewords INTEGER(256..65535), + numRxCodewords INTEGER(256..65535), + maxTxStringLength INTEGER(32..255), + maxRxStringLength INTEGER(32..255), + lenTxHistory INTEGER(512..65535), + lenRxHistory INTEGER(512..65535), + ... +} OPTIONAL, +v42bis SEQUENCE +{ + numCodewords INTEGER(512..65535) OPTIONAL, + maxStringLength INTEGER(6..250) OPTIONAL, + ... +} OPTIONAL, +... +} OPTIONAL, +delayedJMEEnabled BOOLEAN, +... +} + +END -- End of ASN.1 definition + +``` + +## F.5 Explanation of V150MoIPCapability elements + +### Non-standard parameter + +Equipment manufacturers may use this field to signal any non-standard information that is specific to their Modem over IP implementations. The first octet of the **data** field within the non-standard parameter shall be the vendor-specific data tag, as specified in clause 8/V.150.0. If explicitly providing a vendor-specific tag is not necessary for a particular non-standard data parameter, the value of the first octet shall be 0 (zero). This data tag may be used in other related messages, such as SSE messages. + +### Modem relay type + +Specifies the type of MoIP-capable gateway. + +### Gateway type + +This field specifies the type Trans-Compression supported by the gateway. The choices are no Trans-Compression (ntcx), single Trans-Compression (stcx), or double Trans-Compression (dctx). When selecting double Trans-Compression, the gateway must select the preferred mode (mr2 or mr3). + +### Call discrimination mode + +These parameters specify the preferred mode for discriminating the call as defined in 15.2.11. + +### SPRT parameters + +This field allows the gateway to advertise the maximum payload and window size values as defined by SPRT. These parameters are optional. Default values are defined in Table B.2. + +### Modulation support + +This parameter allows the gateway to specify the modulations that are supported. Refer to 15.2.4. + +### Compression + +This parameter allows the gateway to advertise the type of compression supported. + +### Delayed-JM + +Indicates that the gateway supports and would like to use the Delayed-JM procedures. Both gateways must indicate "true" in this field for delayed-JM procedures to be used. + +## F.6 SSE capability identification and exchange + +The SSE capability defined in this annex shall be signalled as a **DataApplicationCapability** within H.245. Tables F.2, F.3 and F.4 define the coding of the SSE capability within H.245. + +**Table F.2/V.150.1 – Capability identifier for SSEs** + +| | | +|-----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Capability name | V150SSE | +| Capability class | Data application capability | +| Capability identifier type | Standard | +| Capability identifier value | {itu-t (0) recommendation (0) v (22) 150 sse (1)} | +| MaxBitRate | The maxBitRate field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | +| Collapsing | This field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | +| NonCollapsing | This field shall contain the parameters as defined below | +| NonCollapsingRaw | This field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | +| Transport | This field shall not be included and shall be ignored if received | + +**Table F.3/V.150.1 – Signals and events parameter** + +| | | +|----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Parameter name | SignalsAndEvents | +| Parameter description | This is a nonCollapsing GenericParameter
signalsAndEvents indicates the SSE values that are supported | +| Parameter identifier value | Standard: 0 | +| Parameter status | Required for capability exchange, but may be absent from logical channel signalling if capability has been previously exchanged | +| Parameter type | octetString. A comma-separated ASCII string of supported events identical in format to the "" defined in E.1.3 | +| Supersedes | Shall not be present and shall be ignored if received | + +**Table F.4/V.150.1 – SSE Explicit acknowledgement** + +| | | +|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Parameter name | Explicit Ack | +| Parameter description | This is a nonCollapsing GenericParameter
signalsAndEvents indicates the SSE values that are supported | +| Parameter identifier value | Standard: 1 | +| Parameter status | Required for capability exchange, but may be absent from logical channel signalling if capability has been previously exchanged | +| Parameter type | Logical. Presence of this parameter indicates that the endpoint supports sending acknowledgements. Endpoints may set the "Must Respond Bit" only if both endpoints include this parameter in their respective open logical channel messages | +| Supersedes | Shall not be present and shall be ignored if received | + +# Appendix I + +## Connection scenarios + +This appendix provides examples of the connection scenarios that are considered in the normative section of this Recommendation. This material is for reference only and is not intended to be part of the Recommendation. + +The examples indicate the termination points for the physical layer, Error Correction and Data Compression layers. + +## I.1 Voice Band data (VBD) mode + +![Diagram of Voice Band data (VBD) mode connection scenario showing layers across PSTN and Packet network segments.](3f2ccb513ccdda4c3e19aea59f7f6215_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the termination points for various layers in a Voice Band data (VBD) mode connection. It shows a sequence of four vertical lines representing endpoints. The connection is divided into three segments: PSTN (between the first and second lines), Packet network (between the second and third lines), and PSTN (between the third and fourth lines). The layers and their termination points are as follows: + +- Data compression:** A double-headed arrow spanning from the first to the fourth line, indicating it is active across the entire path. +- Error correction:** A double-headed arrow spanning from the first to the third line, indicating it is active across the first PSTN segment and the Packet network segment. +- Modulation:** A double-headed arrow spanning from the first to the third line, indicating it is active across the first PSTN segment and the Packet network segment. +- Encapsulated G.711:** A double-headed arrow spanning from the second to the third line, indicating it is active only within the Packet network segment. + +Below the diagram, the segments are labeled: PSTN, Packet network, and PSTN. The identifier V.150.1\_F1.1 is located at the bottom right of the diagram area. + +Diagram of Voice Band data (VBD) mode connection scenario showing layers across PSTN and Packet network segments. + +NOTE – Although support of G.711 is the minimum requirement, other means of coding if appropriate to the application are permitted. + +## I.2 Modem relay connection scenario MR1 + +![Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR1](207817524fe964425718e1723d5b7d9e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MR1 scenario. It shows two PSTN segments connected by a Packet network. On the left PSTN, three horizontal bars represent 'Data compression', 'Error correction', and 'Modulation'. On the right PSTN, three horizontal bars represent 'Error correction', 'Modulation', and 'Data compression'. A dotted arrow labeled 'Reliable transport' connects the end of the 'Modulation' bar on the left to the start of the 'Modulation' bar on the right. Below the diagram, four black dots represent the endpoints, with labels 'PSTN', 'Packet network', and 'PSTN' positioned under the first, second, and third dots respectively. + +Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR1 + +V.150.1\_FI.2 + +## I.3 Modem relay connection scenario MR2 + +![Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR2](6348f4fc8b3848158fcfbe85e26a731d_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MR2 scenario. It shows two PSTN segments connected by a Packet network. On the left PSTN, three horizontal bars represent 'Data compression', 'Error correction', and 'Modulation'. On the right PSTN, three horizontal bars represent 'Data compression', 'Error correction', and 'Modulation'. A dotted arrow labeled 'MR2a or MR2b' connects the end of the 'Modulation' bar on the left to the start of the 'Modulation' bar on the right. Below the diagram, four black dots represent the endpoints, with labels 'PSTN', 'Packet network', and 'PSTN' positioned under the first, second, and third dots respectively. + +Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR2 + +MR2a Reliable transport without data compression. +MR2b Reliable transport with data compression. + +V.150.1\_FI.3 + +## I.4 Modem relay connection scenario MR3 + +![Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR3](5953341e6a100b62c000fca825371797_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the MR3 scenario. It shows two PSTN segments connected by a Packet network. On the left PSTN, three horizontal bars represent 'Data compression (1)', 'Error correction', and 'Modulation'. On the right PSTN, three horizontal bars represent 'Data compression (2)', 'Error correction', and 'Modulation'. A dotted arrow labeled 'Reliable transport' connects the end of the 'Modulation' bar on the left to the start of the 'Modulation' bar on the right. Below the diagram, four black dots represent the endpoints, with labels 'PSTN', 'Packet network', and 'PSTN' positioned under the first, second, and third dots respectively. + +Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR3 + +V.150.1\_FI.4 + +## I.5 Modem relay connection scenario MR4 + +![Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR4 showing data flow between two PSTN networks via a Packet network.](2233ee3811b41289f9d88618078aa4d2_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a modem relay connection scenario (MR4) between two PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) segments connected via a Packet network. The process is divided into two main stages, labeled 'Data compression (1)' and 'Data compression (2)'. Each stage involves 'Error correction' and 'Modulation' steps. A 'Reliable transport' step is shown as a dashed arrow between the two stages, indicating the transfer of data over the Packet network. The diagram uses vertical lines to represent the boundaries of the PSTN and Packet network segments, and horizontal arrows to show the flow of data and processing steps. Four black dots represent the endpoints of the connection. + +V.150.1\_FI.5 + +Diagram of Modem relay connection scenario MR4 showing data flow between two PSTN networks via a Packet network. + +# Appendix II + +## Call discrimination call flows + +## II.1 Scope + +This appendix contains a set of example call flow diagrams. It does not represent a complete set. If there is any conflict between these diagrams and the SDL contained in the main body of the Recommendation, the SDL will govern. + +The following diagrams illustrate MoIP call flows. In the diagrams: + +- The white vertical rectangles under the MoIP endpoints (G1 and G2) give the state of the respective endpoint. +- The shaded vertical rectangles under the modems (M1 and M2) and the MoIP endpoints (G1 and G2) give modem signals that are being transmitted by the respective modem or endpoint. +- That while in audio and VBD mode, the MoIP endpoints are continually transmitting and receiving audio CODEC packets as defined elsewhere in this Recommendation. For clarity, these packets are only explicitly shown when special circumstances surround them. + +## II.2 Answer tone treatment + +### II.2.1 Answer tone treatment using VBD + +Figure II.1 illustrates VBD mode answer tone treatment. For this and Figure II.2 AT indicates Answer Tone and may be V.25 ANS or V.8 ANSam. + +![Figure II.1/V.150.1 – VBD mode answer tone treatment](6eafd5abfb13fb29e6d819d2a1a3f6b2_img.jpg) + +``` + + sequenceDiagram + participant M1 + participant G1 + participant G2 + participant M2 + Note over M2: AT + M2->>G2: AT + Note over G2: V + G2->>G1: SSE:VBD(AT) + Note over G1: V + G1->>M1: AT + Note over G1: AT + G2->>G1: SSE:VBD(p') + +``` + +**Figure II.1/V.150.1 – VBD mode answer tone treatment** + +Figure II.1/V.150.1 – VBD mode answer tone treatment + +### II.2.2 Answer tone treatment using RFC 2833 + +Figure II.2 illustrates audio mode answer tone treatment. + +![Figure II.2/V.150.1 – Audio mode answer tone treatment](5b5673c03e7b6fc921c4a944dabf891e_img.jpg) + +``` + + sequenceDiagram + participant M1 + participant G1 + participant G2 + participant M2 + Note over M2: AT/ + M2->>G2: AT/ + G2->>G1: 2833: AT (See Note) + Note over G1: AT + G1->>M1: AT + G2->>G1: 2833: AT/ + Note over G1: AT/ + G1->>M1: AT/ + +``` + +NOTE – The 2100 Hz tone is suppressed in audio CODEC packets sent at this time. + +**Figure II.2/V.150.1 – Audio mode answer tone treatment** + +Figure II.2/V.150.1 – Audio mode answer tone treatment + +### II.3 Call discrimination + +Figures II.3 to II.5 illustrate MoIP call discrimination. They are continuations of the answer tone call flow diagrams in II.2. These diagrams assume the answer tone treatment has been RFC 2833 mode, as illustrated in Figure II.2. If the answer tone treatment has been VBD mode, as illustrated in Figure II.1, then transitions to VBD mode in the following diagrams are redundant and should be omitted in practice. + +#### II.3.1 V.8 procedures + +The following diagrams illustrate cases of a V.8 compliant modem, M1, calling a V.8 compliant modem, M2. + +##### II.3.1.1 G1 transitions to VBD mode + +Figure II.3 illustrates the call sequence when G1 transitions to VBD mode after receipt of CM from M1. This sequence is mandatory in the disjoint case, and is optional by G1 in the intersect and subset cases. + +**ITU-T Rec. V.150.1 (01/2003)**     111 + +![Sequence diagram for Figure II.3/V.150.1 showing G1 transitioning to VBD mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 sends CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:VBD(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:VBD(p') to G1. G1 sends CM to M2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1_FII.3.](0ab0282f295c2fcf97b7197e7aeb1381_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram illustrating the call sequence for G1 transitioning to VBD mode. The diagram shows four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 sends CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:VBD(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:VBD(p') to G1. G1 sends CM to M2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FII.3. + +Sequence diagram for Figure II.3/V.150.1 showing G1 transitioning to VBD mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 sends CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:VBD(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:VBD(p') to G1. G1 sends CM to M2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FII.3. + +Figure II.3/V.150.1 – G1 transitions to VBD mode + +#### II.3.1.2 G1 mandates modem relay mode + +Figure II.4 illustrates the call sequence when G1 mandates modem relay mode after receipt of CM from M1. This sequence describes a subset case. + +![Sequence diagram for Figure II.4/V.150.1 showing G1 mandating modem relay mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 sends CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:MR(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:MR(p) to G1. G1 sends CM to M2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1_FII.4.](b9d5785720b6edd0917019f211469dde_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram illustrating the call sequence for G1 mandating modem relay mode. The diagram shows four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 sends CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:MR(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:MR(p) to G1. G1 sends CM to M2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FII.4. + +Sequence diagram for Figure II.4/V.150.1 showing G1 mandating modem relay mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 sends CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:MR(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:MR(p) to G1. G1 sends CM to M2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FII.4. + +Figure II.4/V.150.1 – G1 mandates modem relay mode + +#### II.3.1.3 G2 proceeds with modem relay mode in the intersect case + +Figure II.5 illustrates the call sequence when G2 proceeds with modem relay mode after receipt of CM from M1 and after receipt of JM from M2. This sequence may be used by G2 in the intersect case if the JM signal accepts a modulation that is supported by G2 in modem relay mode. The transmission of the IP-TLP INIT message need not wait for the reception of JM from M2 nor an INIT from G2 as shown in Figure II.5. + +![Sequence diagram showing the call sequence for G2 proceeding with modem relay mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 has a CM (Call Manager) block. G1 has ANSsam and JM blocks. G2 has CM and CJ blocks. M2 has ANSsam and JM blocks. The sequence starts with M1 sending CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:MR(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:MR(p) to G1. G1 sends SPRT:INIT to G2. G2 sends SPRT:INIT to G1. G1 sends SPRT:JM to G2. G2 sends CM to M2. M2 sends JM to G1. The diagram is labeled V.150.1_FII.5.](ea40403ee09ad7bcb209382495f36547_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram showing the call sequence for G2 proceeding with modem relay mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 has a CM (Call Manager) block. G1 has ANSsam and JM blocks. G2 has CM and CJ blocks. M2 has ANSsam and JM blocks. The sequence starts with M1 sending CM to G1. G1 sends SSE:MR(CM) to G2. G2 sends SSE:MR(p) to G1. G1 sends SPRT:INIT to G2. G2 sends SPRT:INIT to G1. G1 sends SPRT:JM to G2. G2 sends CM to M2. M2 sends JM to G1. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FII.5. + +Figure II.5/V.150.1 – G2 proceeds with modem relay mode + +### II.3.2 Non-V.8 procedures + +#### II.3.2.1 G2 has requested audio mode answer tone treatment; M1 does not respond to answer tone + +Figure II.6 illustrates the call sequence when G2 has requested audio mode answer tone treatment, G1 has requested VBD-select Answer Tone treatment, M1 does not respond to the answer tone, and M2 then continues with an automode sequence for a modulation that is not supported in modem relay mode by one of the gateways (in this case, USB1 for V.22). + +![Sequence diagram showing the call sequence for G2 transitioning to VBD mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 has a dashed line. G1 has ANS and USB1 blocks. G2 has V and V blocks. M2 has ANS and USB1 blocks. The sequence starts with G1 sending SSE:VBD() to G2. G2 sends SSE:VBD(ACK) to G1. G1 sends 2833:end to G2. G2 sends USB1 to M2. M2 sends USB1 to G1. The diagram is labeled V.150.1_FII.6.](23aceb0e7d3c1a644294899d9047df05_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram showing the call sequence for G2 transitioning to VBD mode. The diagram involves four entities: M1, G1, G2, and M2. M1 has a dashed line. G1 has ANS and USB1 blocks. G2 has V and V blocks. M2 has ANS and USB1 blocks. The sequence starts with G1 sending SSE:VBD() to G2. G2 sends SSE:VBD(ACK) to G1. G1 sends 2833:end to G2. G2 sends USB1 to M2. M2 sends USB1 to G1. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FII.6. + +Figure II.6/V.150.1 – G2 has requested audio mode answer tone treatment; transition to VBD mode + +# Appendix III + +## Call discrimination call flows suitable for use with facsimile-over-IP + +The call flow diagrams included in this appendix describe procedures that may be suitable for use with facsimile over IP applications. They are not official procedures, but are only for information only. + +![Figure III.1/V.150.1 – T.38 FoIP (V.34 fax)](c21bad844b5cb6026c067a1f43ce67c3_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the T.38 FoIP (V.34 fax) call flow. The sequence involves four entities: F1, G1, G2, and F2. F1 and G1 are connected via Link 1, and G2 and F2 are connected via Link 2. G1 and G2 are connected via T.38. The flow starts with F1 sending V.8-CM=V.34 fax to G1. G1 then sends SSE:FR(v34fax) to G2. G2 responds with SSE:FR(ack) to G1. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FIII.1. + +Figure III.1/V.150.1 – T.38 FoIP (V.34 fax) + +Figure III.1/V.150.1 – T.38 FoIP (V.34 fax) + +![Figure III.2/V.150.1 – VBD (V.34 fax)](7818b1bd115c04ee738bcf90f51d945b_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the VBD (V.34 fax) call flow. The sequence involves four entities: F1, G1, G2, and F2. F1 and G1 are connected via Link 1, and G2 and F2 are connected via Link 2. G1 and G2 are connected via VBD. The flow starts with F1 sending V.8-CM=V.34 fax to G1. G1 then sends SSE:FR(v34fax) to G2. G2 responds with SSE:VBD(RC) to G1. G1 then sends SSE:VBD(ack) to G2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FIII.2. + +Figure III.2/V.150.1 – VBD (V.34 fax) + +Figure III.2/V.150.1 – VBD (V.34 fax) + +![Figure III.3/V.150.1 – T.38 FoIP (T.30 fax)](9f9fdebeade37ad92fdd68d6ea9f58ce_img.jpg) + +Diagram illustrating the T.38 FoIP (T.30 fax) call flow. The sequence involves four entities: F1, G1, G2, and F2. F1 and G1 are connected via Link 1, and G2 and F2 are connected via Link 2. G1 and G2 are connected via T.38. The flow starts with F1 sending V.21(H) Flags to G2. G2 then sends SSE:FR(V21Flags) to G1. G1 responds with SSE:FR(ack) to G2. The diagram is labeled V.150.1\_FIII.3. + +Figure III.3/V.150.1 – T.38 FoIP (T.30 fax) + +Figure III.3/V.150.1 – T.38 FoIP (T.30 fax) + +![Sequence diagram for VBD (T.30 fax) showing interactions between F1, G1, G2, and F2.](49d7bfbc65a92a7e1bd61777326a212d_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for VBD (T.30 fax) showing interactions between F1, G1, G2, and F2. The diagram includes a timeline with four vertical lines representing the entities. A dashed line labeled 'A' connects the top of F1, G1, G2, and F2. A solid line labeled 'VBD' connects the bottom of F1, G1, G2, and F2. Messages are as follows: + + +- F1 sends V.8-CM=V.18 to G1 (A to T). +- G1 sends SSE:FR(V21Flags) to G2 (A to F). +- G2 sends V.21(H) Flags to F1 (F to A). +- G1 sends SSE:VBD(RC) to G2 (T to F). +- G2 sends SSE:VBD(act) to G1 (F to T). + + A long double-headed arrow at the bottom is labeled 'VBD'. + +V.150.1\_FIII.4 + +Sequence diagram for VBD (T.30 fax) showing interactions between F1, G1, G2, and F2. + +Figure III.4/V.150.1 – VBD (T.30 fax) + +# Appendix IV + +## Call discrimination call flows suitable for use for text-over-IP + +The call flow diagrams included in this appendix describe procedures that may be suitable for use with text over IP applications. They are not official procedures, but are for information only. + +![Sequence diagram for V.18 to V.18 into text relay showing interactions between T1, G1, G2, and T2.](34b381406f073080ef510a32772b2612_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for V.18 to V.18 into text relay showing interactions between T1, G1, G2, and T2. The diagram includes a timeline with four vertical lines representing the entities. A dashed line labeled 'A' connects the top of T1, G1, G2, and T2. A solid line labeled 'ToIP (text relay)' connects the bottom of T1, G1, G2, and T2. Messages are as follows: + + +- T1 sends V.8-CM=V.18 to G1 (A to T). +- G1 sends SSE:TR(tdd-type) to G2 (T to T). +- G2 sends SSE:TR(act) to G1 (T to T). + + A long double-headed arrow at the bottom is labeled 'ToIP (text relay)'. + +V.150.1\_FIV.1 + +Sequence diagram for V.18 to V.18 into text relay showing interactions between T1, G1, G2, and T2. + +Figure IV.1/V.150.1 – V.18 to V.18 into text relay + +![Sequence diagram for V.18 to V.18 into VBD showing interactions between T1, G1, G2, and T2.](b3d2cd87b2d0470a437f688cb17c554e_img.jpg) + +Sequence diagram for V.18 to V.18 into VBD showing interactions between T1, G1, G2, and T2. The diagram includes a timeline with four vertical lines representing the entities. A dashed line labeled 'A' connects the top of T1, G1, G2, and T2. A solid line labeled 'VBD' connects the bottom of T1, G1, G2, and T2. Messages are as follows: + + +- T1 sends V.8-CM=V.18 to G1 (A to T). +- G1 sends SSE:TR(tdd-type) to G2 (T to F). +- G2 sends SSE:VBD(RC) to G1 (F to T). +- G1 sends SSE:VBD(ack) to G2 (T to F). + + A long double-headed arrow at the bottom is labeled 'VBD'. + +V.150.1\_FIV.2 + +Sequence diagram for V.18 to V.18 into VBD showing interactions between T1, G1, G2, and T2. + +Figure IV.2/V.150.1 – V.18 to V.18 into VBD + +![Figure IV.3/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T2 first) into text relay. This diagram shows a sequence of four entities: T1, G1, G2, and T2. T1 and T2 are terminals, while G1 and G2 are gateways. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'Link 1' and 'Link 2'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing text relays. The first relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. The second relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:TR(tdd-type)' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'T' of G2 and from the 'T' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T2 to G2. A 'ToIP (text relay)' label is between G1 and G2.](fda85db2e355bb8e3edcd5a74bf3d673_img.jpg) + +V.150.1\_FIV.3 + +Figure IV.3/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T2 first) into text relay. This diagram shows a sequence of four entities: T1, G1, G2, and T2. T1 and T2 are terminals, while G1 and G2 are gateways. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'Link 1' and 'Link 2'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing text relays. The first relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. The second relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:TR(tdd-type)' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'T' of G2 and from the 'T' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T2 to G2. A 'ToIP (text relay)' label is between G1 and G2. + +**Figure IV.3/V.150.1 – Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T2 first) into text relay** + +![Figure IV.4/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T2 first) into VBD. This diagram shows the same entities as Figure IV.3. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'VBD'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing VBDs. The first bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. The second bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:VBD' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'V' of G2 and from the 'V' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T2 to G2. A 'VBD' label is between G1 and G2.](9cf678d634932a43b7f6582878972a5d_img.jpg) + +V.150.1\_FIV.4 + +Figure IV.4/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T2 first) into VBD. This diagram shows the same entities as Figure IV.3. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'VBD'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing VBDs. The first bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. The second bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:VBD' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'V' of G2 and from the 'V' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T2 to G2. A 'VBD' label is between G1 and G2. + +**Figure IV.4/V.150.1 – Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T2 first) into VBD** + +![Figure IV.5/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T1 first) into text relay. This diagram shows the same entities as Figure IV.3. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'Link 1' and 'Link 2'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing text relays. The first relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. The second relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:TR(tdd-type)' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'T' of G2 and from the 'T' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T1 to G1. A 'ToIP (text relay)' label is between G1 and G2.](028422d3e6ce272069a2b4f317c88474_img.jpg) + +V.150.1\_FIV.5 + +Figure IV.5/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T1 first) into text relay. This diagram shows the same entities as Figure IV.3. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'Link 1' and 'Link 2'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing text relays. The first relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. The second relay has 'A' at the top and 'T' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:TR(tdd-type)' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'T' of G2 and from the 'T' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T1 to G1. A 'ToIP (text relay)' label is between G1 and G2. + +**Figure IV.5/V.150.1 – Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T1 first) into text relay** + +![Figure IV.6/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T1 first) into VBD. This diagram shows the same entities as Figure IV.3. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'VBD'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing VBDs. The first bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. The second bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:VBD' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'V' of G2 and from the 'V' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T1 to G1. A 'VBD' label is between G1 and G2.](3df1d2bf049815d761b03fb9cc2bc7ed_img.jpg) + +V.150.1\_FIV.6 + +Figure IV.6/V.150.1: Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T1 first) into VBD. This diagram shows the same entities as Figure IV.3. A dotted line labeled 'A' connects the top of all four entities. A horizontal double-headed arrow at the bottom spans from T1 to T2, labeled 'VBD'. Between G1 and G2, there are two vertical bars representing VBDs. The first bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. The second bar has 'A' at the top and 'V' below. Arrows labeled 'SSE:VBD' point from the 'A' of G1 to the 'V' of G2 and from the 'V' of G1 to the 'A' of G2. A 'TDD signal' arrow points from T1 to G1. A 'VBD' label is between G1 and G2. + +**Figure IV.6/V.150.1 – Non-V.18 to non-V.18 (T1 first) into VBD** + +![Sequence diagram showing TDD fallback with incompatible gateway types. The diagram involves four entities: T1, G1, G2, and T2. T1 and T2 are terminals, while G1 and G2 are gateways. A dashed line labeled 'A' connects T1 and T2. T1 sends a 'TDD signal' to G1. G1 has two states: 'T' and 'V'. G2 also has two states: 'A' and 'V'. G1 sends 'SSE:TR(tdd-type)' to G2. G1 sends 'SSE:VBD(RC)' to G2. G2 sends 'SSE:VBD(ack)' to G1. A long arrow labeled 'VBD' spans from G1 to T2. The diagram is labeled 'V.150.1_FIV.7' at the bottom right.](3d46409f8d0190e611a910ff27f8ec07_img.jpg) + +``` + +sequenceDiagram + participant T1 + participant G1 + participant G2 + participant T2 + Note over T1, T2: A + T1->>G1: TDD signal + G1->>G2: SSE:TR(tdd-type) + G1->>G2: SSE:VBD(RC) + G2->>G1: SSE:VBD(ack) + G1->>T2: VBD + +``` + +Sequence diagram showing TDD fallback with incompatible gateway types. The diagram involves four entities: T1, G1, G2, and T2. T1 and T2 are terminals, while G1 and G2 are gateways. A dashed line labeled 'A' connects T1 and T2. T1 sends a 'TDD signal' to G1. G1 has two states: 'T' and 'V'. G2 also has two states: 'A' and 'V'. G1 sends 'SSE:TR(tdd-type)' to G2. G1 sends 'SSE:VBD(RC)' to G2. G2 sends 'SSE:VBD(ack)' to G1. A long arrow labeled 'VBD' spans from G1 to T2. The diagram is labeled 'V.150.1\_FIV.7' at the bottom right. + +Figure IV.7/V.150.1 – TDD fallback with incompatible gateway types + +# Appendix V + +## Summary of DCE signals used during call discrimination + +This appendix contains informational characterizations of DCE signals that may be considered during the call discrimination process. + +## V.1 Definition of answer DCE generated signals to be considered for discrimination + +The following clauses describe the various signals that are generated by answering data and facsimile modems. + +### V.1.1 Answer tone (ANS, $\overline{\text{ANS}}$ , CED, ANSam, $\overline{\text{ANSam}}$ , ANSpcm, ANSpn) + +The answering DCE requires the transmission of an Answer Tone that is compliant to ITU-T Recs V.25, V.8, V.92 and T.30. + +### V.1.2 ANS or CED + +ANS (and CED) is a 2100 Hz tone transmitted by the answering DCE at its nominal power level. The frequency tolerance is specified by ITU-T Rec. G.164 as $\pm 15$ Hz. If the signal ANS is being used in its V.25 mode then maximum duration is $3.3 \pm 0.7$ seconds. For facsimile, ITU-T Rec. T.30 specifies that CED shall be transmitted for not less than 2.6 seconds and not more than 4.0 seconds. CED does not include phase reversals. + +### V.1.3 ANSam + +ANSam is the Answer Tone generated by a V.8 capable answering DCE. This modified answering tone has a frequency tolerance of only $\pm 1$ Hz, and is also Amplitude Modulated by a sine wave at $15 \pm 0.1$ Hz. The depth of modulation is $0.2 \pm 0.01$ of the average amplitude. The duration of ANSam is application specific. For facsimile it is governed by ITU-T Rec. T.30 and is specified the same as for CED. For Data modems it is $5 \pm 1$ second. + +### V.1.4 $\overline{\text{ANS}}$ or $\overline{\text{ANSam}}$ + +These signals represent a phase reversal to the ANS or ANSam signals. These phase reversals are $180 \pm 10$ degrees in 1 ms occurring at a period of $450 \pm 25$ ms. Note, no phase reversal is specified for CED by ITU-T Rec. T.30. + +#### **V.1.5 ANSpcm** + +ANSpcm is a special form of ANS and $\overline{\text{ANS}}$ . This signal is specially adapted for use with V.92 DCEs. As such, it complies with V.25 in its physical attributes. + +#### **V.1.6 ANSpn or ANSam-pn** + +ANSpn is a proprietary form of Answer tone. It complies in most aspects with ANS and ANSam, except it has a modulated signal added to it at a low power level so as not to interfere with the detection of ANS and ANSam. Unless the DCE has the capability to use this signal, it should interpret it as either ANS or ANSam accordingly. + +#### **V.1.7 Unscrambled binary-one (USB1)** + +USB1 is used both as an Answer Tone and as an indicator of an Answering V.22, V.22 *bis* or Bell-type DCE. For a Bell-type DCE the frequency is 2225 Hz. For a V.22 or V.22 *bis* DCE, the tone generated is that of a 2250 Hz signal. Due to the similarity of these two signals, some DCEs use 2250 Hz for both cases or alternate between the two frequencies. + +### **V.1.8 V.32 *bis* AC** + +AC is a phase alternating modulated signal used by V.32 and V.32 *bis* DCEs. The tone is generated by modulating a Carrier Frequency of $1800 \pm 1$ Hz with alternating points from a four-point QAM constellation at the rate of $2400 \pm 0.01\%$ symbols/sec. The result is a combination signal consisting of two tonal frequencies, 600 and 3000 Hz. + +### **V.1.9 V.21 mark frequency** + +This signal is generated by a V.21 enabled DCE. It is the tone generated by a DCE when transmitting constant binary ones in the channel No. 2 as defined by ITU-T Rec. V.21. The frequency characteristic of this signal is $1650 \pm 6$ Hz. + +### **V.1.10 V.23 mark frequency** + +There are two signals to be considered. The first Mark Frequency signal is generated by the forward channel of V.23 mode 1 and 2 enabled DCE. It is the tone generated by a DCE when transmitting constant binary ones as defined by ITU-T Rec. V.23. The frequency characteristic of this signal is $1300 \pm 10$ Hz. The second Mark Frequency is for the V.23 backward channel and is $390 \pm 3$ Hz. (This tolerance is specified in ITU-T Rec. R.35.) + +### **V.1.11 V.8 *bis* initiating signals** + +V.8 *bis* can select one of seven possible message types as an initiating signal. The selection is dependent upon which of the V.8 *bis* transactions are to be used. The signals are Mre, MRd, Cre, CRd, MS, CL and ESi. Each of these signals consists of two segments. The first consists of the simultaneous transmission of a pair of tones (1375 and 2002 Hz) for 400 ms (although in certain situations the shorter time of 285 ms is permissible). The tolerance on the frequency is $\pm 250$ ppm and for the duration, it is $\pm 2\%$ . The second segment is of a single frequency and is the signal type indicator. + +NOTE – The end-to-end transport of V.8 *bis* signals is not supported in Version 1 of this Recommendation. + +### **V.1.12 V.21 Flags** + +Detection of V.21 Channel 2 HDLC encoded FLAGS is a special signal indicating facsimile operation. + +## **V.2 Definition of calling DCE generated signals to be considered for discrimination** + +The following subclauses describe the various signals that are generated by Calling data and facsimile modems. + +### **V.2.1 T.30 CNG tone** + +CNG is a tone defined in ITU-T Rec. T.30. It is used to indicate that a calling DCE is a facsimile terminal. This 1100 Hz Tone is transmitted with a repeated cadence of 0.5 seconds ON and 3 seconds OFF until CED (or ANSam) is detected. The tolerance on the frequency is $\pm 38$ Hz and for the timing, it is $\pm 15\%$ . Note that this signal alone is not enough to indicate that a call is Facsimile and the originating terminal in all cases may not transmit it. + +### **V.2.2 1300 Hz Calling Tone (CT)** + +Some DCEs use a 1300 Hz tone to indicate that the calling device is a non-speech variety. The cadence of this signal is 0.5 to 0.7 s ON and 1.5 to 2.0 s OFF as specified in ITU-T Rec. V.25. Per ITU-T Rec. V.18, there may be 3 s of 400 ms and 800 ms ON periods interleaved with periods of modulated carrier. The frequency tolerance is $\pm 10$ Hz as specified in ITU-T Rec. V.23. + +### **V.2.3 1500 Hz proprietary calling tone** + +Some cellular terminals use a proprietary calling tone. The frequency of this tone is $1500 \pm 15$ Hz. The cadence of the signal is 0.7 s ON and 1.5 s OFF. Note that this signal alone is not enough to indicate that the call is a Cellular Data call. + +### **V.2.4 V.8 Function Indicator (CI)** + +A V.8 capable calling DCE may optionally transmit the V.8 Function Indicator (CI) as an alternative to CED and CT. This signal is not tonal but is a coded modulated signal using V.21 Channel 1 (low band) at 300 bit/s. CI is transmitted with a regular cadence. The On duration is not less than 3 periods of the CI signal, and not greater than 2 seconds. The Off duration is less than 0.4 seconds and not greater than 2 seconds. + +#### **V.2.5 V.8 Call Menu signal (CM)** + +The V.8 Call Menu signal (CM) is transmitted in response to the detection of ANSam. CM is an encoded V.21 Channel 1 modulated signal at 300 bit/s. The signal is protected from being falsely detected as an HDLC FLAG. + +#### **V.2.6 V.8 *bis* responding signals** + +V.8 *bis* can select one of three possible responding signals: MRd, CRd and ESr. Each of these signals consists of two segments. The first consists of the simultaneous transmission of a pair of tones (1529 and 2225 Hz) for 400 ms (although in certain situations the shorter time of 285 ms is permissible). The tolerance on the frequency is $\pm 250$ ppm and for the duration, it is $\pm 2\%$ . The second segment is of a single frequency (1900 Hz) and is the signal type indicator. + +#### **V.2.7 V.92 QCA1a and QCA1d** + +QCA1a and QCA1d are signals consisting of a sequence of bits transmitted using V.21 (H) modulation. The sequences consist of 10-bit frames using V.8-type formatting as described in clauses 8.2.3 and 8.3.4/V.92 for QCA1a and QCA1d, respectively. + +#### **V.2.8 V.92 QCA2a or QCA2d** + +If V.92 QCA2a or QCA2d is detected and the gateway knows the other gateway supports MoIP, the gateway shall clamp off the data being sent via VoIP to the other gateway, switch to MoIP mode, and send one or more RTP packets telling the other gateway to switch to MoIP mode as well. + +#### **V.2.9 V.32 *bis* signal AA** + +AA is a single point modulated signal used by V.32 and V.32 *bis* DCEs. The result is the generation of a single 1800 Hz tone, with a tolerance of 1 Hz. + +#### **V.2.10 V.22 *bis* signal S1** + +S1 is unscrambled repetitive double dibit 00 and 11 at 1200 bit/s for $100 \pm 3$ ms. Using V.22 *bis* low channel ( $1200 \pm 0.5$ Hz Carrier). + +NOTE – A guard tone $1800 \pm 20$ or $550 \pm 20$ Hz may also be transmitted simultaneously with this signal. + +#### **V.2.11 V.22 Scrambled Binary-1 (SB1)** + +V.22 Originating DCEs transmit this modulated signal. The signal consists of scrambled binary-ones on the V.22 low channel ( $1200 \pm 0.5$ Hz Carrier) at the data rate of 1200 bit/s. + +### **V.2.12 Bell 103-type 1270 Hz** + +An initial signal of $1270 \pm$ TBD Hz is transmitted by Bell 103 type originating DCEs. + +### **V.2.13 V.21 channel 1 mark tone** + +V.21 DCEs will respond by transmitting continuous binary ones. This results in a tone of $980 \pm 6$ Hz. + +### **V.2.14 V.23 mark tone** + +If a V.23 DCE is configured in its half-duplex mode, then it will transmit a Mark tone in the same way as described above. If asymmetric duplex is to be used, the DCE will transmit a $390 \pm 3$ Hz as a Mark signal. + +# **Appendix VI** + +## **Descriptions of non-V-series modes of operation** + +This annex provides characterization and descriptions of non-V-series-standard modes of operation that are commonly used in deployed DCEs. + +## **VI.1 Bell 103 mode of operation** + +The communication circuit for data transmission is a duplex circuit whereby data transmission in both directions simultaneously is possible at 300 bits/s or less. The frequency of the Answer Tone used by this DCE is 2225 Hz. + +NOTE – This mode of operation is also described in Annex D/V.18. + +### **VI.1.1 Modulation** + +The modulation is a binary modulation obtained by frequency shift, resulting in a modulation rate being equal to the data signalling rate. + +For channel No. 1, the nominal mean frequency is 1170 Hz; for channel No. 2, it is 2125 Hz. + +The frequency deviation is $\pm 100$ Hz. In each channel, the higher characteristic frequency (FA) corresponds to a binary 1 (i.e., channel No. 1 (FA = 1270 Hz and Fz = 1070 Hz); channel No. 2 (FA = 2225 Hz and Fz = 2025 Hz)). + +## **VI.2 Bell 212A mode of operation** + +The communication circuit for data transmission is a duplex circuit provided by frequency-division multiplexing. Two modes of operation are provided, one is Bell 103 mode and the second is a 1200 bit/s duplex data channel. The frequency of the Answer Tone used by this DCE is 2225 Hz. + +### **VI.2.1 Modulation** + +The modulation is four-phase Phase Shift Keying with a symbol rate of one-half of the data signalling rate (600 symbols/s). + +For channel No. 1, the nominal carrier frequency is 1200 Hz, for channel No. 2 it is 2400 Hz. + +For each two bits of binary data input, a dibit symbol is mapped to a phase differential from the previous transmitted symbol. + +Both synchronous and asynchronous data format are supported. + +## **VI.3 TIA/EIA-825 mode of operation** + +This Recommendation specifies a Frequency Shift Keyed (FSK) modem operating at a data signalling rate of 50 and 45.45 symbols/sec. The deaf and hard of hearing generally use this modem for real time 2-way text-based communication over the public switched telephone network. + +NOTE – This mode of operation is also described in Annex A/V.18. + +### **VI.3.1 Modulation** + +The transmission mode is character oriented Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) using two tones to represent the asynchronous serial data. A binary ONE is represented by 1400 Hz $\pm 1\%$ tone and a binary ZERO is represented by 1800 Hz $\pm 1\%$ tone. + +## **VI.4 MNP5 mode of operation** + +MNP5 is a data compression procedure that uses adaptive frequency encoding and run length encoding to achieve up to a 2:1 compression ratio. Adaptive frequency encoding operates on each 8-bit character. Codewords, that are 4 to 10 bits long, are dynamically assigned to characters, with the most frequently occurring characters represented by the shorter codewords. However, when the same character is encountered in a sequence of length greater than 3, the protocol switches to run length encoding. In this mode, the characters in the sequence are counted and the sequence is represented as a repetition count. + +# **Appendix VII** + +## **Gateway implementation guide** + +## **VII.1 Scope** + +The scope of this appendix is to provide additional information that may be useful to the implementer of a MoIP gateway. The material in this appendix is non-normative and provides only possible methods and considerations. Implementations compliant to this Recommendation are not required to use the procedures described in this appendix. + +## **VII.2 VBD** + +Any delay introduced by a VBD compatible speech codec should be kept to a minimum (see Annex A/G.114). + +## **VII.3 Rate control for configurations using SPRT channel 1** + +If the reliable SPRT channel 1 is used to transmit data onto the IP network, then flow control can be achieved using the implicit SPRT flow control mechanism as in the LAPM case (i.e., using base sequence numbers). + +### VII.3.1 Rate control procedures for symmetrical case + +For the Symmetric case, the following Simple Rate Control (SRC) procedure is suggested: + +- 1) Gateways inform each other of their initial physical layer speed (rx and tx) on their respective telephony legs (rx and tx are defined with respect to the view of the gateway modem, i.e., rx refers to direction of flow towards gateway, and tx refers to direction of flow towards client modem). If the "rx" speed on a gateway is larger than the "tx" speed on peer gateway, the gateway reduces its "rx" speed through rate negotiation so that it would be equal or lower than the "tx" speed on peer gateway. This assumes asymmetrical rates can be used at the physical layer. + +In case that neither gateway supports asymmetrical rates, the objective of this step can be achieved by setting all "rx" and "tx" rates the same across the two gateways (i.e., rx gw1 = rx gw 2 = tx gw 1 = tx gw 2). + +In case that one gateway supports asymmetrical physical layer rates (rx, tx), but the other gateway supports symmetrical physical layer rate (R), the following relationship should be enforced through rate negotiation: + +$$rx \leq R \leq tx.$$ + +- 2) Step 1 above establishes appropriate physical layer rates initially. Subsequently, in case of any further rate renegotiations, the gateways may need to perform rate adjustments again according to relationships described in Step 1. This requires each gateway to let its peer know of any rate changes on its telephony interface. +- 3) Depending on the mode (Raw or Character mode), the gateway packetizes the input and forwards it to its peer. The packet may be sent to the peer after a certain amount of bits or characters have accumulated, or after a certain amount of time has elapsed. + +### VII.3.2 Rate control procedures for hybrid case + +For the Hybrid case, after switching over to modem relay state, the following procedure is applied: + +- 1) Gateways inform each other of their initial physical layer speed (rx and tx) on their respective telephony legs (rx and tx are with respect to the view of the gateway modem). The rate procedures in this case cannot simply rely on physical layer rates, and instead must rely on "Effective Data Rate" (i.e., rate of actual information/data bits transferred). This is the case since the overhead on V.42 link is substantially lower than V.14 link, since V.14 link uses 2 extra bits, 1 start and 1 stop bits per character. This is true when there is limited, or no, impairments on telephony links. However, in case of significant telephony impairments, there would be error recovery by V.42 protocol which may substantially reduce the throughput of the V.42 side, and create the opposite situation. + +In general, the following Effective Rate Control (ERC) procedure should allow satisfactory operation: + +- 2) The physical layer "receive" rate on gateway running V.14 on its DCE interface should be set such that the received "Effective Data Rate" for the gateway is equal to or lower than the V.42 side transmit "Effective Data Rate". In circumstances where the V.42 leg may be expected to experience significant impairment, it would make sense to introduce an "Effective Data Rate Differential" by introducing a larger speed differential (i.e., by setting a lower maximum received "Effective Data Rate" for the gateway running V.14 on its DCE) than would have been considered otherwise. +- 3) In the reverse direction (i.e., data flow from the gateway running V.42 towards the gateway running V.14), no physical layer rate constraints need to be applied. This is the case, since the "Effective Data Rate" can be controlled by the gateway, since V.42 link offers flow control (e.g., gateway can send its client V.42 RNR to flow control data when needed). However, the suggested procedure for the gateway with the V.42 link would be to execute a + +"Leaky Bucket" algorithm to decide when to generate RNR. The single Leaky Bucket is set up with a "leak rate" equal to the Effective Data Rate on the "tx" direction on the peer gateway. The bucket is filled at the Effective Data Rate on the "rx" direction of the gateway running V.42 link. The size of the Leaky Bucket must be smaller than the "data/information" storage capacity of the dejitter buffer used in the system between the two gateways. When the amount of data in the bucket exceeds a certain preset threshold, the gateway would be required to generate V.42 RNR to shutdown its client modem. Subsequently, when the amount of data remaining in the bucket goes lower than an appropriate threshold, the gateway would indicate V.42 RR to its client to resume the data flow. The leaky bucket procedure in this clause is referred to as Leaky Rate Control (LRC) procedure. + +- 4) Steps 1 through 3 above establish appropriate physical/data rates initially. Subsequently, in case of any further rate renegotiations, the gateways may need to perform rate adjustments or generate RR and RNR according to relationships described above in Steps 1 through 3. This requires each gateway to let its peer know of any rate changes on its telephony interface. During the data transfer phase, the gateway packetizes the input Start/Stop or 8 bit characters and sends it to its peer. The packet is sent to the peer after certain amount of characters are accumulated, or after a certain amount of time has elapsed. +- 5) In case of telephony impairments on the V.42 link, the throughput of the link may be degraded such that it cannot cope with the incoming data flow from the peer gateway. Because of telephony impairments, the V.42 state machine may go into timer recovery state. It is permissible to lose some data in this case, but in order for the V.42 gateway not to fall significantly behind, it would be required to drop all incoming characters received from the remote peer during such periods. + +### VII.3.3 Retrain/speed shift + +During retrain or speed shifts, one link may become temporarily unavailable which could likely result in loss of some data. If the link that has gone into retrain/speed shift is the V.42 link, then during retrain/speed shift all data arriving from peer gateway should be discarded. + +## VII.4 XID/LR profiles + +A particular modem's (M1's or M2's) profile is: + +- That modem's internal configuration and capabilities, with respect to protocol and compression. +- The prediction data kept by that modem's local gateway. +- The prediction data received in a PROF\_XCHG message. + +### VII.4.1 Predicting the XIDc/LRc M1 will send + +Note that M1's profile converts simply to the XIDc or LRc that M1 will send: + +- For LAPM (build the XIDc that M1 would send): + - If LAPM is not supported in M1's profile, then no XID is sent. + - If V.42 *bis* is supported in M1's profile, insert a V.42 *bis* group into the XID and copy the profile's P0 (directions), P1 (codewords) and P2 (string) values into the appropriate fields. Additionally, + - If V.44 is supported in M1's profile, insert a V.44 group into the XID and copy the profile's C0 (capability), P0 (directions), P1T (Tx dictionary size), P1R (Rx dictionary size), P2T (Tx string size), P2R (Rx dictionary size), P3T (Tx history size), and P3R (Rx history size) into the appropriate fields. +- For Annex A/V.42 (1996) (build the LRc that M1 would send): + +- If Annex A/V.42 (1996) is not supported in M1's profile, then no LR is sent. +- If MNP5 is supported in M1's profile, insert a parameter 9 (compression) into the LR, with the MNP5 bit (LS bit) set. Additionally, +- If V.42*bis* is supported in M1's profile, insert a parameter 14 into the LR, and copy the profile's P0 (directions), P1 (codewords) and P2 (string) values into the appropriate subfields. + +### VII.4.2 Predicting the XIDr/LRr M2 will reply for a particular XIDc/LRc + +Note that M2's profile is not simply copied to the XIDr/LRr that M2 will send, since XIDr and LRr are the result of negotiation. When M2 is sent to a particular XIDc or LRc, the predicted XIDr or LRr is calculated from M2's profile as follows: + +- For LAPM (build the XIDr that M2 would send, on receiving a particular XIDc): + - If LAPM is not supported in M2's profile, then no XID is sent. + - If V.44 is supported in M2's profile and if the V.44 group exists in the XIDc sent to M2: + - Negotiate C0 (capability): XIDr's C0 = profile's C0.inband & XIDc's C0.inband. + - Negotiate P0 (directions): XIDr's P0.Rx = profile's P0.Rx & XIDc's P0.Tx; XIDr's P0.Tx = profile's P0.Tx & XIDc's P0.Rx. If P0 is missing from the XIDc, then use the default value (both Tx and Rx). + - Negotiate P1T (Tx codewords): XIDr's P1T = min(profile's P1T, XIDc's P1R). If P1R is missing from the XIDc, use the default P1R value. + - Similar negotiation for P1R, P2T, P2R, P3T, P3R. Note that the defaults for P3T and P3R depend on the value of P1T and P1R. + - Insert a V.44 group into the XIDr, and copy the negotiated C0, P0, P1T, P1R, P2T, P2R, P3T and P3R into the appropriate fields. + - Otherwise, If V.42 *bis* is supported in M2's profile and if the V.42 *bis* group exists in the XIDc sent to M2: + - Negotiate P0 using V.42 *bis* semantics. The bits are "originator to responder" and "responder to originator" versus V.44's Rx and Tx. + - Negotiate P1 (codewords): XIDr's P1 = min(profile's P1, XIDc's P1), using the default if P1 does not appear in the XIDc. + - Negotiate P2 (string size) similarly. + - Insert a V.42 *bis* group into the XIDr, and copy the negotiated P0, P1 and P2 into the appropriate fields. + - Otherwise, neither compression group will appear in M2's XIDr. +- For Annex A/V.42 (1996) (build the LRr that M2 would send, on receiving a particular LRc): + - If Annex A/V.42 (1996) is not supported in M2's profile, then no LR is sent. + - If V.42 *bis* is supported in M2's profile and if V.42 *bis* is requested in either parameter 9 or parameter 14 of the LRc sent to M2: + - Negotiate P0 using V.42 *bis* semantics, as above; there are no defaults. + - Negotiate P1 (codewords): XIDr's P1 = min(profile's P1, XIDc's P1), as above; there are no defaults. + - Negotiate P2 (string size) similarly. + - Insert parameter 14 (V.42 *bis* compression) into the LR, and copy the negotiated P0, P1 and P2 into the appropriate fields. + +- Otherwise, if MNP5 is supported in M2's profile and if the MNP5 bit is set in parameter 9 of the LRc sent to M2: + - Insert parameter 9 (compression) into the LR, and set its MNP5 bit. +- Otherwise, neither compression parameter will appear in M2's LRr. + +If M2's profile specifies no-protocol operation, then G2's PROF\_XCHG is sent with octets 1-2 (Protocol and Compression Support) set to zero, indicating no support of protocols or compressions. G1 should send an XIDr/LRr to M1 indicating no compression. + +### **VII.4.3 Operation when both gateways know their modems' profiles** + +If a gateway receives a PROF\_XCHG message and also has knowledge of its own local modem (it has sent its own PROF\_XCHG), the two gateways are capable of completely predicting XID or LR exchanges in a distributed fashion. + +Both gateways will compute the XID/LR value described in VII.4.2 "Predicting the XIDr/LRr M2 will reply for a particular XIDc/LRc" above, using the profile data sent by G1 and G2. This computed value is the same for both gateways, since each knows what it sent and received. Note that this value corresponds to the compression portion of a complete XID or LR. + +This compression value is sent from G1 to M1 in an XIDr or LRr, in reply to M1's XIDc/LRc. It is also sent from G2 to M2 in an XIDc or LRc, giving M2 one compression choice, at most. (If the prediction is to be unique and correct, M2 should not be given any decision leeway.) Note that the following relations will hold if the gateways' profiles for M1 and M2 were valid: + +$$\begin{aligned} \text{XIDr/LRr}[G1] &\subseteq \text{XIDc/LRc}[M1] \\ \text{XIDr/LRr}[G1] &= \text{XIDc/LRc}[G2] = \text{XIDr/LRr}[M2] \end{aligned}$$ + +#### **VII.4.4 Operation when only G1 knows its modem's profile** + +Even if G2 does not "know" a profile to send via PROF\_XCHG, G1 can still send its own PROF\_XCHG if G2 is willing. If the G2 leg trains up earlier than the G1 leg, G2 can then send M2 an XIDc/LRc immediately, without having to wait for the M1-G1 trainup. This frame will be formed from G1's PROF\_XCHG by using the calculation method in VII.4.1 "Predicting the XIDc/LRc M1 will send" above. For end-to-end negotiation to complete, M2's XIDr/LRr information must be sent to G1 via XCHG\_XID to be relayed to M1 when it trains up. + +If G2 is not willing to receive the PROF\_XCHG message, G1 may send the calculated XIDc/LRc in an XCHG\_XID to achieve similar results. + +#### **VII.4.5 Operation when only G2 knows its modem's profile** + +Even if G1 does not "know" a profile to send via PROF\_XCHG, G2 can still send its own PROF\_XCHG, if G1 is willing. If the G1 leg trains up earlier than the G2 leg, G1 can then send M1 an XIDr/LRr immediately on receiving M1's XIDc/LRc, without having to wait for the M2-G2 trainup. This frame will be formed from G2's PROF\_XCHG and M1's XIDc/LRc by using the calculation method in VII.4.2 "Predicting the XIDr/LRr M2 will reply for a particular XIDc/LRc" above. For end-to-end negotiation to complete, M1's XIDc/LRc information must be sent to G2 via XCHG\_XID, to be relayed to M2 when it trains up. + +If G1 is not willing to receive the PROF\_XCHG message, G2 may send the calculated XIDr/LRr in an XCHG\_XID message after receiving G1's XCHG\_XID, even if the M2-G2 trainup is not yet complete. + +#### **VII.4.6 Operation when neither gateway knows its modem's profile** + +In this case, neither GW will send a PROF\_XCHG message. Both gateways will default to "default XID" techniques or a full, synchronized end-to-end exchange. + +## Appendix VIII + +### Bibliography + +The following is a bibliography of informative references used in this Recommendation. + +- ITU-T Recommendation G.114 (2003), *One-way transmission time*. +- IETF RFC 791 (1981), *Internet protocol*. +- IETF RFC 919 (1984), *Broadcasting Internet datagrams*. +- IETF RFC 920 (1984), *Domain requirements*. +- IETF RFC 950 (1985), *Internet standard subnetting procedure*. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | 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Book*) + +--- + +### NOTES + +1 ITU-T Recommendation V.16 was published in Fascicle VIII.1 of the *Blue Book*. This file is an extract from the *Blue Book*. While the presentation and layout of the text might be slightly different from the *Blue Book* version, the contents of the file are identical to the *Blue Book* version and copyright conditions remain unchanged (see below). + +2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +### Recommendation V.16 + +## MEDICAL ANALOGUE DATA TRANSMISSION MODEMS + +(Geneva, 1976) + +The CCITT, + +*considering that* + +(a) computer-aided automatic ECG (electro-cardiogram) interpretation is being made available by special diagnostic centres to general practitioners and hospitals at remote places and suitable transmission equipment is necessary for this reason; + +(b) such a service can be implemented to advantage in a special data collection system using simple remote stations and a high-quality central unit; + +(c) for such applications particularly suitable and compatible transmission facilities are necessary which must not interfere with other telephone services; + +(d) analogue as well as digitalized transmission of the analogue data (e.g. ECG records) are in principle possible; + +(e) in most cases, however, on-line transmission with analogue transmission methods can be implemented more easily and economically; + +(f) in practice, analogue transmission generally promises a sufficient degree of quality; + +(g) in cases of emergency and monitoring of implanted pacemakers, very simple, acoustically coupled equipment may be of great assistance to the persons concerned; + +*unanimously declares the following view* + +**1** Analogue transmission of medical analogue data, e.g. ECGs, should be permitted in the public telephone network. Reliable, sufficiently interference-free transmission cannot be taken for granted on every connection or route. Therefore, it is necessary to test the connections under consideration before such a service is definitely introduced. + +**2** This service requires two basically different transmission devices (modems): + +- 1) transmission equipment for simultaneous transmission of three ECG signals on a telephone channel from a remote station to the central station, preferably for direct galvanic coupling to the telephone channel; +- 2) transmission equipment, preferably for emergency use and for monitoring of implanted pacemakers, to simultaneously transmit only one ECG signal from a remote station to a central station with acoustic or galvanic coupling to a telephone channel. + +The ECG station usually consists of an ECG recorder, including separating amplifier, data input/output device and the modem specified in this Recommendation (see Figure 1/V.16). + +The central station usually comprises the central modem specified herein and the interpretation system for ECGs (e.g. a computer programmed for ECG interpretation). + +This Recommendation covers the modems, the desired transmission characteristics of the ECG transmission channel as well as the necessary interchange circuits and the method of transmitting the digital data associated with the ECG (e.g. patients' identification codes, control signals in both transmission directions and the interpretation record). + +![Diagram illustrating the analogue transmission of medical analogue data between a Remote station and a Central station. The Remote station includes an ECG recorder and an Acoustically coupled ECG recorder. The Central station includes an ECG processing unit. The transmission path involves a Telephone line and an Interface. Specifications for the modem and acoustically coupled modem are indicated.](2763901b7a1fd1b5d704cdc450d12ed0_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows the setup for analogue transmission of medical data. On the **Remote station**, an **ECG recorder** is connected to a **Modem** via an **Interface V.24/28 V.31**. A **Patient's cable** is also connected to the ECG recorder. An **Acoustically coupled ECG recorder** is connected to a **Telephone set**. On the **Central station**, a **Modem** is connected to **ECG processing**. The **Telephone line** connects the modem at the remote station to the modem at the central station. The **Interface** is labeled as **"V.24/28"**. Specifications for the **Baseband signal** and **Specification for modem** are indicated at the top, and **Specification for acoustically coupled modem** is indicated at the bottom. The reference **CCITT - 43 530** is noted in the bottom right corner. + +Diagram illustrating the analogue transmission of medical analogue data between a Remote station and a Central station. The Remote station includes an ECG recorder and an Acoustically coupled ECG recorder. The Central station includes an ECG processing unit. The transmission path involves a Telephone line and an Interface. Specifications for the modem and acoustically coupled modem are indicated. + +FIGURE 1/V.16 + +Example of analogue transmission of medical analogue data + +## 3 Modems for simultaneous analogue transmission of three ECG records + +### 3.1 Basic characteristics of the analogue channels + +The equipment specified below is mainly intended for operation with direct galvanic coupling to telephone lines. + +#### 3.1.1 Baseband signal + +Baseband signal requirements at the modem input: + +- | | | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| - number of simultaneously transmitted ECG records | 3 | +| - frequency response of the separating amplifier | flat | +| - signal-to-noise ratio with 10 Hz square wave signals $\pm 1$ V | $\geq 50$ dB
(unweighted) | +| - full scale limit (see Note 1) | $\pm 2.5$ V | +| - linearity deviation of an ECG channel related to full scale and the optimum straight line | 1% | +| - permissible group delay distortion of the input signal at the modulator input (including channel filter in the baseband) | from 3 to 60 Hz
$\Delta\tau \leq 2$ ms (outside this range, see Figure 2/V.16) | + +- spectrum: if a.c. coupling is applied, a time constant of $\tau = 3.2$ s, corresponding to a lower cut-off frequency of 0.5 Hz, should be used. +- baseband pre-emphasis (see Note 2) (between + +| | | +|---------------------------------|--------------------------| +| separating amplifier and modem) | rise of 6 dB/octave; | +| | cut-off frequency: 15 Hz | + +*Note 1* - Existing instruments (ECG recorders, etc.) are designed for $\pm 2.5$ V full scale. If, however, the International Electrotechnical Commission specifies $\pm 1$ V or $\pm 1.25$ V as the full scale limit, this value should be adopted. The slope of the modulator characteristic (see § 3.1.2 below) must then be adjusted accordingly. + +*Note 2* - This value will require further study if, at a later date, amplitude companders are used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. + +![Graph showing permissible group-delay distortion in the baseband. The y-axis is Group delay (Δτ) in ms, ranging from 0 to 12. The x-axis is Frequency (f) in Hz, on a logarithmic scale from 1 to 100. Two curves are shown: 'with a.c. coupling' and 'with d.c. coupling'. The 'with a.c. coupling' curve starts at approximately 11 ms at 1 Hz and decreases to about 2 ms at 3 Hz. The 'with d.c. coupling' curve is a horizontal line at approximately 2 ms from 3 Hz to 60 Hz, then rises to about 4 ms at 100 Hz. Shaded regions indicate the permissible distortion limits.](6de7dcb072cef2388026fb0f504084b2_img.jpg) + +| Frequency (f) [Hz] | Group delay (Δτ) [ms] (a.c. coupling) | Group delay (Δτ) [ms] (d.c. coupling) | +|--------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------| +| 1 | 11 | 2 | +| 3 | 2 | 2 | +| 6 | 2 | 2 | +| 30 | 2 | 2 | +| 60 | 2 | 2 | +| 100 | 4 | 4 | + +Graph showing permissible group-delay distortion in the baseband. The y-axis is Group delay (Δτ) in ms, ranging from 0 to 12. The x-axis is Frequency (f) in Hz, on a logarithmic scale from 1 to 100. Two curves are shown: 'with a.c. coupling' and 'with d.c. coupling'. The 'with a.c. coupling' curve starts at approximately 11 ms at 1 Hz and decreases to about 2 ms at 3 Hz. The 'with d.c. coupling' curve is a horizontal line at approximately 2 ms from 3 Hz to 60 Hz, then rises to about 4 ms at 100 Hz. Shaded regions indicate the permissible distortion limits. + +FIGURE 2/V.16 +Permissible group-delay distortion in the baseband + +#### 3.1.2 Requirements for the transmission equipment (modems) + +The modem should be capable of transmitting baseband signals with a bandwidth of up to approximately 100 Hz. The transmission equipment (modems) should not deteriorate the performance of the baseband signal as specified under § 3.1.1 above by more than 10%. The exact value of the admissible deterioration needs further study. + +Since the centre channel of the transmission equipment will in future be used for digital transmission of ECG-associated digital data and other biological data, it must be capable of transmitting d.c. components. The same should apply to the other channels. + +- *line signals* for transmitting the ECG: signals as specified under § 3.1.1 above +- modulation method: frequency modulation +- subcarrier frequencies $f_n$ and associated maximum transmission levels $p_n$ : + +| | | | +|--------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| $f_1 = 950 \text{ Hz} \pm 6 \text{ Hz}$ | $p_1 = 7 \text{ dB}$ | lower than the resulting
level $p_0$ as specified in
Recommendation V.2 | +| $f_2 = 1400 \text{ Hz} \pm 15 \text{ Hz}$ (see Note 1) | $p_2 = 5 \text{ dB}$ | | +| $f_3 = 2100 \text{ Hz} \pm 15 \text{ Hz}$ | $p_3 = 3 \text{ dB}$ | | +- resulting maximum level: $p_0$ as specified in Recommendation V.2 +- simultaneous transmission of all three subcarriers is mandatory, if subcarriers $f_1$ and/or $f_3$ are used. +- maximum frequency deviation per channel in the case of linear operation: $\Delta f = \pm 100 \text{ Hz}$ + +- slope of the modulator characteristic (subcarrier deviation sensitivity): 40 Hz/V (see Note 2) +- a positive signal should cause a rise in the subcarrier frequency +- FM channel bandwidth (3 dB points): $\leq 350$ Hz +- resulting level accepted by receiver (upper threshold-level): - 6 dBm to -43 dBm +- lower threshold level: -46 dBm + +*Note 1* - This frequency selection makes allowance for the following boundary conditions: + +- a) best possible decoupling between the three ECG channels. Nonlinear distortion may cause a small degree of cross-talk; +- b) CCITT standardized subcarrier frequencies (2100 Hz and 1400 Hz) should be used as far as possible; +- c) no interference to existing CCITT signalling systems by simulation of switching signals. + +Some of the existing ECG transmission systems use subcarrier frequencies $f_1 = 1075$ Hz, $f_2 = 1935$ Hz, $f_3 = 2365$ Hz. Due to the relatively slow modulation by ECGs, the modulated subcarrier frequencies $f_2$ and $f_3$ may simulate signals of CCITT Signalling Systems No. 2 and No. 4. This would cause interference to the ordinary telephone service. Where this kind of interference is not to be expected, use of the subcarrier frequencies concerned should be allowed over a transition period covering two CCITT study periods. Thereafter, the aforementioned frequencies (950 Hz, 1400 Hz and 2100 Hz) only should be used in the interest of mutual compatibility of the ECG transmission systems from different suppliers. + +*Note 2* - This value should be changed to 100 Hz/V, or 80 Hz/V if the full-scale voltage of $\pm 1$ V or $\pm 1.25$ V (see § 3.1.1 above) is applied. + +### 3.2 *Forward digital data transmission from the remote station to the central station* + +The analogue centre channel with a subcarrier frequency $f_2 = 1400$ Hz should be used for transmission of ECG-associated digital data. Channel characteristics are: + +- centre frequency: $f_2 = 1400$ Hz (see Note) +- symbol 1, (mark): $f_z = f_2 - 80$ Hz +- symbol 0, (space): $f_a = f_2 + 80$ Hz +- coding: International Alphabet No. 5 as indicated in Recommendations V.3 and V.4, with start/stop transmission +- nominal modulation rate: 100 bauds +- power level: $p_2 \leq -11$ dBm + +*Note* - In addition to the aforementioned signalling system, the following systems for forward digital data transmission are also in use: + +- a) tri-level code, derived from frequencies $f_{1,2,3}$ and $f_{1,2,3} \pm$ approximately 100 Hz; +- b) serial code with $f_1 = 1075$ Hz $\pm$ 40 Hz and frequency shift keying (FSK); +- c) signalling with push-button telephone frequencies as specified in Recommendation Q.23 [1]. + +These variants should be allowed to remain in use for a transition period of two study periods. Afterwards, only the above recommended version should be used in order to obtain mutual technical compatibility of the instruments. This should also apply to future developments. + +### 3.3 *Digital transmission in the backward direction from the central station to the remote station* + +In order to send back interpretation results, control signals, etc., a digital backward channel with the following parameters should be provided: + +- modulation by frequency shift keying with the following frequencies: + +| | | +|-------------------|---------------------------| +| symbol 1 (mark): | $f_z = 390$ Hz (see Note) | +| symbol 0 (space): | $f_a = 570$ Hz | + +- nominal modulation rate: 200 bauds +- coding: International Alphabet No. 5 as indicated in Recommendations V.3 and V.4, with start/stop transmission +- transmission level: as specified in Recommendation V.2 +- idle condition: symbol 1 (mark), 390 Hz +- level accepted by receiver: - 6 dBm to -40 dBm +- lower threshold level: -46 dBm. + +*Note* - $f_z = 390$ Hz is in accordance with Recommendation V.23. For single tone signalling, $f = 389$ Hz (EIA standard for tone signalling) should be allowed for a transition period of two study periods. Afterwards, the above CCITT standard should be applied. + +### 3.4 *Calibration signal* + +At the beginning of the ECG recording a standardized calibration signal can be transmitted from the ECG recorder. by transmitting the combination ENQ (0/5) of International Alphabet No. 5 to the remote station (ECG recorder) the central station should call up and repeat this calibration signal whenever desired. + +### 3.5 *Quality control* + +In order to monitor the transmission quality and eliminate those parts of the transmitted ECG which contain interference pulses, suitable monitoring measures should be provided in the central modem. If a part of the transmitted ECG is disturbed, the central unit should send the signal DEL to the remote station. + +A 40-dB signal-to-noise ratio in the baseband ECG channel is provisionally recommended as threshold level. The exact value needs further study. + +### 3.6 *Interchange circuits* + +The following interchange circuits should be optional. If interchange circuits are required, the following circuits should be provided: + +##### 3.6.1 *Interchange circuits between recording system and remote station modem* + +If interchange circuits are necessary between the recorder and the modem, their functions should be in accordance with Recommendation V.24, and their electrical values in accordance with Recommendation V.28 or V.31, except circuits carrying analogue signals. + +##### 3.6.2 *Interchange circuits between the central modem and the interpretation system* + +If these interchange circuits are necessary, they should also be in accordance with Recommendations V.24 and V.28. + +The choice of the required interchange circuits needs further study. + +### 3.7 *Procedures* + +The required procedures also need further study with respect to mutual compatibility, echo suppressor disabling, answering tones, etc. + +*Note* - A frequency scheme of subcarrier frequencies and associated digital channels is given in Figure 3/V.16. + +## **4 Modem for simultaneous analogue transmission of one ECG record** + +### 4.1 *General* + +This specification enables single channel equipment for direct galvanic coupling or acoustic coupling to be designed which is compatible with the centre channel of the three-channel transmission equipment described in § 3 above. + +4.2 Baseband signal when transmitting from the remote station to the central unit as specified in § 3.1.1 above but with the following amendments to be made to the parameters of the line signals: + +- frequency: $f_2 = 1400$ Hz; +- power level: $p_2 \leq -6$ dBm. + +![Frequency scheme of subcarrier frequencies and associated digital channels. The diagram shows a frequency spectrum from 0 to 2500 Hz. Forward channels are labeled: Channel 1 (950 Hz), Central channel 2 (1400 Hz), and Channel 3 (2100 Hz). Subcarrier frequencies are f1, f2, and f3. 2nd order harmonics are shown as f2-f1 (450 Hz), f3-f2 (700 Hz), f3-f1 (1150 Hz), 2f1 (1900 Hz), and f1+f2 (2350 Hz). 3rd order harmonics are shown as 2f1-f2 (500 Hz), 2f2-f3 (700 Hz), f1-f2+f3 (1650 Hz), 2f2-f1 (1850 Hz), and -f1+f2+f3 (2550 Hz). Backward channels are labeled: 1st (390 Hz) and 1st (570 Hz). Other frequencies shown include 700 Hz, 1170 Hz, 1140 Hz, 1710 Hz, and 3100 Hz. The diagram also includes labels for 3rd order harmonics and 2nd order harmonics.](352c5fab6f936356e9570761a02ab71e_img.jpg) + +Frequency scheme of subcarrier frequencies and associated digital channels. The diagram shows a frequency spectrum from 0 to 2500 Hz. Forward channels are labeled: Channel 1 (950 Hz), Central channel 2 (1400 Hz), and Channel 3 (2100 Hz). Subcarrier frequencies are f1, f2, and f3. 2nd order harmonics are shown as f2-f1 (450 Hz), f3-f2 (700 Hz), f3-f1 (1150 Hz), 2f1 (1900 Hz), and f1+f2 (2350 Hz). 3rd order harmonics are shown as 2f1-f2 (500 Hz), 2f2-f3 (700 Hz), f1-f2+f3 (1650 Hz), 2f2-f1 (1850 Hz), and -f1+f2+f3 (2550 Hz). Backward channels are labeled: 1st (390 Hz) and 1st (570 Hz). Other frequencies shown include 700 Hz, 1170 Hz, 1140 Hz, 1710 Hz, and 3100 Hz. The diagram also includes labels for 3rd order harmonics and 2nd order harmonics. + +FIGURE 3/V.16 +Frequency scheme of subcarrier frequencies and associated digital channels + +In the case of acoustic coupling the above power level should not be exceeded at the output of the telephone set. The full scale limit may be extended to $\pm 5$ mV. Linear operation is required up to $\pm 2.5$ mV in this case. The slope of the modulator characteristic should be 40 Hz/mV for linear operation. These parameters are related to the patient's cable. + +### 4.3 Digital transmission in the forward direction + +Due to the limited number of possible applications, the use of the digital forward transmission channel should be optional. If provided, it should be in accordance with the digital transmission method described under § 3.2 above. + +### 4.4 Digital transmission in the backward direction + +The use of the digital backward channel should be optional. If provided, it should be in accordance with § 3.3 above. If no digital backward channel is provided, the answering tone (389 Hz) should be sent. + +### 4.5 Single channel central modem + +If required, a single channel central modem for direct galvanic coupling to the telephone line can also be designed with the parameters of the centre channel. The maximum deviation may be extended to 200 Hz. Here, all means for transmission of ECG-associated digital data are optional. If provided, they should be in accordance with the digital transmission method described under §§ 3.2 and 3.3 above. + +## Reference + +- [1] CCITT Recommendation *Technical features of push-button telephone sets*, Vol. VI, Rec. 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lightning bolt striking the globe. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.18 + +(11/2000) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Interfaces and voiceband modems + +--- + +**Operational and interworking requirements for +DCEs operating in the text telephone mode** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.18 + +(Formerly CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| General | V.1–V.9 | +| Interfaces and voiceband modems | V.10–V.34 | +| Wideband modems | V.35–V.39 | +| Error control | V.40–V.49 | +| Transmission quality and maintenance | V.50–V.59 | +| Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals | V.60–V.99 | +| Interworking with other networks | V.100–V.199 | +| Interface layer specifications for data communication | V.200–V.249 | +| Control procedures | V.250–V.299 | +| Modems on digital circuits | V.300–V.399 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +# Operational and interworking requirements for DCEs operating in the text telephone mode + +## Summary + +This Recommendation describes modem procedures to follow for automatic interworking with text telephones. Text telephones use various modem technologies. This Recommendation specifies the signal analysis, signal transmission and logic needed to determine what kind of text telephone there is on a connection. It also specifies the actions needed to communicate in the mode supported by each terminal type. + +This Recommendation is intended for use in text telephones, in interworking units, in text relay services, in emergency centres, and in computers to be used for text telephony in the PSTN. + +This Recommendation specifies transmission of identification signals to determine when the connection is between two V.18-equipped terminals. For that case, ITU-T V.21 is the default modulation used. For interworking in text conversation between humans, not only the modulation must be specified. Therefore, this Recommendation specifies that when the connection in V.18 mode is established, the presentation protocol specified in ITU-T T.140 should be used, including an internationally useful character set. + +The text telephone types supported by this Recommendation are: EDT, 5-bit (or Baudot), DTMF, V.21, V.23, Bell 103 and V.18-based devices. + +In originate mode, V.18 identification signals and V.23 stimulation signals are transmitted until a recognized text telephone signal is received and connection can be established in that mode. + +In answer mode, this Recommendation specifies stimulation to connection by transmission of probing signals for the different kinds of text telephones while monitoring for text telephone signals. Once determined, the mode of communication is entered. + +For cases when it is not obvious if the connection should be made in originate or answer mode, procedures are provided to resolve that and reach communication. + +An automode monitor mode is provided for cases when it is desired to have a text telephone device prepared on the same line as a voice telephone and indicate when there is an active text telephone on the connection. + +For DTMF and 5-bit text telephone types using character coding not commonly used with modems, conversion is specified in this Recommendation between these codes and ITU-T T.50. + +For selection between multimedia protocols and this Recommendation, and also for negotiating procedures for simultaneous voice and text, modem connection procedures based on ITU-T V.8 *bis* are provided. + +## Source + +ITU-T Recommendation V.18 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 16 (2001-2004) and approved under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure on 17 November 2000. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2001 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 2 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Operational requirements..... | 4 | +| 5 Connecting in text telephone mode including procedures for interworking with the installed base of existing text telephones..... | 4 | +| 5.1 Automoding originating..... | 4 | +| 5.2 Automoding answering..... | 6 | +| 5.3 Automoding monitor mode..... | 8 | +| 6 Connection in text telephone mode with V.8 and V.8 bis procedures..... | 11 | +| 6.1 V.8 procedures ..... | 11 | +| 6.1.1 Originate mode ..... | 11 | +| 6.1.2 Answer mode ..... | 12 | +| 6.1.3 V.8 procedure initiated by the answering terminal..... | 12 | +| 6.1.4 Enter text mode from voice ..... | 12 | +| 6.2 Simultaneous voice and text telephony (SVT) ..... | 12 | +| 6.3 Connection procedures based on ITU-T V.8 bis ..... | 13 | +| 7 Bibliography ..... | 15 | +| Annex A – 5-bit operational mode..... | 15 | +| A.1 Mode of operation..... | 15 | +| A.2 Modulation..... | 15 | +| A.3 Probe ..... | 15 | +| A.4 Character conversion ..... | 15 | +| A.5 Informative usage information..... | 15 | +| Annex B – DTMF operational mode ..... | 18 | +| B.1 Mode of operation..... | 18 | +| B.2 Character conversion ..... | 18 | +| B.3 Timing..... | 19 | +| Annex C – EDT operational mode..... | 22 | +| C.1 Mode of operation..... | 22 | +| C.2 Modulation..... | 22 | +| C.3 Characters in the EDT mode..... | 22 | + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Annex D – Bell 103 mode ..... | 22 | +| D.1 Mode of operation..... | 22 | +| D.2 Modulation..... | 22 | +| D.3 Character code and framing..... | 23 | +| D.4 Presentation control ..... | 23 | +| D.5 Usage conventions ..... | 23 | +| Annex E – V.23 Videotex terminals..... | 23 | +| E.1 Minitel terminals..... | 23 | +| E.1.1 Mode of operation ..... | 23 | +| E.1.2 Minitel "Dialogue" terminal ..... | 24 | +| E.1.3 Minitel "Normal" terminal..... | 24 | +| E.2 Prestel terminals..... | 24 | +| Annex F – V.21 text telephone mode ..... | 24 | +| F.1 Mode of operation..... | 24 | +| F.2 Modulation..... | 24 | +| F.3 Channel selection..... | 24 | +| F.4 Character code and framing..... | 24 | +| F.5 Presentation control ..... | 25 | +| F.6 Usage conventions ..... | 25 | +| Annex G – V.18 text telephone mode..... | 25 | +| G.1 Mode of operation..... | 25 | +| G.2 Presentation protocol for V.18 mode..... | 25 | +| G.3 Framing and transmission..... | 25 | +| Appendix I – Representative ordering of automoding..... | 25 | +| Appendix II – Recommended common procedures for terminals using the V.18 DCE..... | 26 | +| II.1 Line status display ..... | 26 | +| II.2 Connect mode ..... | 26 | +| Appendix III – Specification of V.18 implementation tests ..... | 26 | +| III.1 Introduction..... | 27 | +| III.2 Definitions ..... | 27 | +| III.3 Summary of tests ..... | 27 | +| III.3.1 Interworking tests ..... | 27 | +| III.3.2 Implementation tests..... | 28 | + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| III.4 Interworking tests description..... | 30 | +| III.4.1 Introduction ..... | 30 | +| III.4.2 Test methodology ..... | 31 | +| III.4.3 Test cases ..... | 31 | +| III.5 V.18 implementation tests description..... | 31 | +| III.5.1 Introduction ..... | 31 | +| III.5.2 Test methodology ..... | 31 | +| III.5.3 Test case identifier numbers ..... | 31 | +| III.5.4 Test cases ..... | 31 | + +# Introduction + +This Recommendation was revised by ITU-T Study Group 16 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution 1 procedure on 6 February 1998. + +Work with version 3 of this Recommendation was initiated in February 2000 with the following goals: + +- 1) Include all amendments collected in implementors' guides. +- 2) Resolution of the open question from the implementors' guide on the contents of the XCI signal. The contents is decided to be 0xFF,0xFF. +- 3) Specify full V.8 connection procedures, in order to allow smooth initiation by a receiving terminal and allow modulation negotiation (still maintaining interoperability with the "TXP" based connection procedures of earlier versions). This obsoletes large parts of Appendix III. +- 4) Remind about the risk for false detection of DTMF signals as textphone signals when operating in automode monitor mode. +- 5) Clarify that the probe list may contain 0-6 elements. +- 6) Move the V.8 *bis* procedures specified in Appendix III to the main body of the Recommendation. +- 7) The new Appendix III is dedicated to V.18 implementation text. + +# ITU-T Recommendation V.18 + +# Operational and interworking requirements for DCEs operating in the text telephone mode + +## Background + +The ITU-T, + +*considering* + +- a) that text telephones place special operational needs on the use of DCEs; +- b) that for historical reasons, many existing text telephones do not use V-series modulation; +- c) that there is a desire to have all future GSTN text telephones employ V-series modulation; +- d) that to provide a migration path from the diverse installed base, it will be necessary to provide interworking with existing text telephones; +- e) that to provide for interworking, the DCE will need to convert the 5-bit character code or ITU-T Q.23 (DTMF) character set used by some existing text telephones into the 7-bit code set as given in ITU-T T.50; +- f) that such character conversion in the DCE will be undertaken solely to enable interworking with existing text telephones and to impose no constraints on character sets used in future text telephones; +- g) that new technology is being developed that could be used to provide additional text telephone modes, + +*recommends the procedure below* + +## 1 Scope + +This Recommendation specifies features to be incorporated in DCEs intended for use in, or communicating with, text telephones primarily used by the deaf and hard of hearing. One of the goals of this Recommendation is to provide a platform on which a universal text telephone can be built. To accommodate this goal, procedures for interworking with identified existing text telephones are provided in clause 5. In addition, this Recommendation has the goal of identifying ways in which the multimedia Recommendations could be used to support new modes of operation or create new multi-mode text telephone devices. To accommodate this additional goal, clause 6 identifies some possible uses of this technology to support text telephony and additionally specifies requirements for multi-mode text telephone devices. + +To provide for maximum flexibility, it is envisaged that any of the text telephone modes of operation specified in this Recommendation will be invoked on an as required basis using the commands specified in ITU-T V.250 or some equivalent mechanism. + +It provides for: + +- calling identification signals; +- no DCE-initiated disconnect; +- procedures for call establishment; +- procedures for interoperation with existing text telephones; +- specification of requirements for the use of text telephones in a multimedia environment. + +## 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- ITU-T H.324 (1998), *Terminal for low bit-rate multimedia communication*. +- ITU-T Q.23 (1988), *Technical features of push-button telephone sets*. +- ITU-T T.50 (1992), *International Reference Alphabet (IRA) (formerly International Alphabet No. 5 or IA5) – Information technology – 7-bit coded character set for information interchange*. +- ITU-T T.140 (1998), *Protocol for multimedia application text conversation*. +- ITU-T V.8 (2000), *Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission over the public switched telephone network*. +- ITU-T V.8 bis (2000), *Procedures for the identification and selection of common modes of operation between Data Circuit-terminating Equipments (DCEs) and between Data Terminal Equipments (DTEs) over the public switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point telephone-type circuits*. +- ITU-T V.21 (1988), *300 bits per second duplex modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network*. +- ITU-T V.23 (1988), *600/1200-baud modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network*. +- ITU-T V.25 (1996), *Automatic answering equipment and general procedures for automatic calling equipment on the general switched telephone network including procedures for disabling of echo control devices for both manually and automatically established calls*. +- ITU-T V.61 (1996), *A simultaneous voice plus data modem, operating at a voice plus data signalling rate of 4800 bit/s, with optional automatic switching to data-only signalling rates of up to 14 400 bit/s, for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits*. +- ITU-T V.70 (1996), *Procedures for the simultaneous transmission of data and digitally encoded voice signals over the GSTN, or over a 2-wire leased point-to-point telephone type circuits*. +- ITU-T V.250 (1999), *Serial asynchronous automatic dialling and control*. +- ANSI TIA/EIA-825 (2000), *A Frequency Shift Keyed Modem for use on the Public Switched Telephone Network*. +- ISO/IEC 646:1991, *Information technology – ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange*. + +## 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.1 carrierless mode:** A mode for communication, where signals are only present on the connection when data is being exchanged (e.g. in response to the pressing of a key on a keyboard). + +**3.2 carrier mode:** A mode for communication, where continuous signals (i.e. carriers) are present on the connection irrespective of whether data is being exchanged or not. + +**3.3 CI:** A signal transmitted from the originating DCE to indicate the general communications function, consisting of a repetitive sequence of bits at 300 bit/s, using modulation in accordance with the low-band channel defined in ITU-T V.21. The cadence of this shall be bursts of 4 CI sequences separated by 2 s of silence. The CI sequence for textphone is defined in ITU-T V.8. + +**3.4 CM:** The Call Menu signal defined in ITU-T V.8. + +**3.5 JM:** The Joint menu signal defined in ITU-T V.8. + +**3.6 multi-mode text telephone:** A device which incorporates simultaneous voice and data in addition to conforming to clauses 4 and 5. + +**3.7 text telephone:** A device incorporating text telephony functions. + +**3.8 text telephone mode:** The operational mode when two devices are interconnected to provide text telephone communications. + +**3.9 text telephony:** A telecommunications capability which supports real-time text conversation on communication networks. + +**3.10 TXP:** A signal transmitted to allow early termination of answer tone, and also to confirm V.18 capability in the answering device. It consists of a repetitive sequence of bits at 300 bit/s modulating V.21(1) if transmitted from the originating DCE, or modulating V.21(2) if transmitted from the answering DCE. The 40-bit TXP sequence in left-to-right order of transmission is given by: + +(1 1111 1111 1) (0) 0010 1011 (1) (0) 0001 1011 (1) (0) 0000 1010 (1) + +where brackets enclose start and stop bits. TXP is included for compatibility with earlier versions of ITU-T V.18. + +**3.11 V.18 mode:** The operational mode when two devices conforming to this Recommendation are interconnected to provide text telephone capability. + +**3.12 V.18 text telephone:** A communications device conforming to the requirements of this Recommendation. + +**3.13 XCI:** A signal transmitted in high-band V.23 modulation to stimulate V.23 terminals to respond and to allow detection of V.18 capabilities in a DCE. + +The 3-s XCI signal uses the V.23 upper channel having periods of "mark" (i.e. 1300 Hz) followed by two bytes XCI marker containing the data pattern (0) 1111 1111(1)(0)1111 1111(1) sent at 1200 bit/s. The signal consists of: + +- 400 ms mark; +- XCI marker; +- 800 ms mark; +- XCI marker; +- 800 ms mark; +- XCI marker; +- 800 ms mark; +- XCI marker; +- 100 ms mark. + +## 4 Operational requirements + +The DCE, when configured to support text telephone mode, shall: + +- 1) not initiate a disconnect; +- 2) have the capability to be configured to automatically reassume the initial interworking state, (e.g. re-initiate the calling id signal and activate the appropriate detectors) whenever transmission has ceased for a period of 10 s (e.g. a call transfer). When this capability is not invoked, the DCE shall stay in the selected transmission mode awaiting resumption of the communication (e.g. in alternating between voice and text); +- 3) implement the CI signal coded as specified in this Recommendation. The use of CI is required by the calling DCE except where it is known *a priori* that the called terminal supports ITU-T V.8 *bis* (see clause 6); +- 4) provide call progress indications to the DTE. These signals shall include, but not be limited to: BUSY, RINGING, CARRIER, LOSS OF CARRIER and CONNECT(x) where x indicates the mode of connection (e.g. V.18, EDT, etc.); +- 5) implement circuit 135 – Received energy present (or its equivalent) (see Note). + +NOTE – Because of the subjective nature of this indication, the operational thresholds of this circuit are left to the discretion of the implementors; however, means should be provided to prevent the presence of CI signal specified in this Recommendation from interfering with the indication of call progress signals. + +## 5 Connecting in text telephone mode including procedures for interworking with the installed base of existing text telephones + +This clause specifies procedures for connecting in text telephone mode. This includes procedures for establishing communications between two V.18 text telephones, and procedures for establishing communications between a V.18 text telephone and the existing text telephones specified in Annexes A to F. Although it is envisaged that for most connections the user will have *a priori* knowledge of the type of device being called and will preset the DCE to the correct mode, automatic procedures are provided for originating and answering calls and for connection in text mode in an established call. These procedures are provided for automoding and, where required for interworking, modulation and protocol conversion. + +When a connection between two V.18 text telephones is established, the DTEs shall apply the protocols and procedures specified in Annex G. + +Although the obvious functionality of a DTE operating with a V.18 DCE, is to convert all forms of text telephone operation to and from the T.140 presentation protocol, for consistent application handling, this Recommendation does not specify any such conversion because it is out of scope of this DCE related Recommendation. + +Clause 6 specifies procedures for cases when V.8 *bis* is supported. + +Recommended common procedures for user terminals using the V.18 DCE are specified in Appendix II. + +Further background information on text telephony and the user requirements behind it can be found in the bibliography, clause 7. + +### 5.1 Automoding originating + +The following procedures assume that the DCE has been placed in the V.18 mode and that the called party is expected to be equipped with a text telephone. The procedure is defined below, and represented in Figure 1 as an aid to the reader. + +**5.1.1** After connecting to line, the DCE shall transmit no signal for 1 s, and then transmit V.18 identification signals starting with the CI signal as specified in this Recommendation with the ON/OFF cadence defined in clause 3. After three CI signals have been sent, the DCE shall transmit 2 s of silence followed by signal XCI. This cycle shall be repeated until terminated by one of the events described below. In summary, the transmission sequence is as follows: + +| | | +|---------|--------| +| Silence | 1 s | +| CI | 400 ms | +| Silence | 2 s | +| CI | 400 ms | +| Silence | 2 s | +| CI | 400 ms | +| Silence | 2 s | +| XCI | 3 s | +| Silence | 1 s | +| CI | 400 ms | +| Silence | 2 s | +| etc. | | + +The DCE shall condition its receiver to detect the following signals: + +- 2100 Hz modulated (ANSam) as defined in ITU-T V.8; +- 2100 Hz (ANS) as defined in ITU-T V.25; +- 2225 Hz; +- 1300 Hz; +- 1650 Hz; +- 1400 or 1800 Hz; +- DTMF tones; +- 980 or 1180 Hz (Note); +- 1270 Hz; +- 390 Hz (only when sending XCI). + +NOTE – Care should be taken in the design of 980 and 1180 Hz detectors to prevent incorrect triggering by echoes of transmitted CI signals. + +If any of the above signals are detected, the DCE shall stop transmitting. No disconnect timers shall be started. + +During the transmission of the XCI signal, the DCE shall be conditioned to detect a 390 Hz signal. The detection of 390 Hz shall be disabled at other times during the above sequence. + +**5.1.2** If modulated 2100 Hz ANSam is detected, the V.8 connection procedures should be followed as explained in clause 6. + +**5.1.3** If ANS is detected, the DCE shall stop transmitting, transmit no signal for 0.5 s, and then initiate the transmission of signal TXP in V.21(1) mode. The DCE shall then monitor for 1650 Hz, 1850 Hz, 1300 Hz and loss of ANS. + +**5.1.3.1** When the DCE detects the absence of ANS, it shall stop transmission of signal TXP after completion of the current TXP sequence and continue to monitor for 1650 Hz and 1300 Hz. + +**5.1.3.2** If the DCE detects TXP in 1650 Hz/1850 Hz, it shall connect as V.18, i.e. ITU-T V.21 with the operational characteristics given in clause 4. See Annex G. + +**5.1.3.3** If the DCE detects 1650 Hz for $\geq 0.5$ s, it shall connect as per Annex F. + +**5.1.3.4** If the DCE detects 1300 Hz **only** for 1.7 s, it shall connect as per Annex E, transmitting on the 75 bit/s channel. + +**5.1.4** If the DCE detects 2225 Hz for 0.5 s, it shall connect as per Annex D. + +**5.1.5** If 1650 Hz is detected for 0.5 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F. + +**5.1.6** If 1300 Hz is detected for 1.7 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex E, transmitting on the 75 bit/s channel. + +**5.1.7** If 390 Hz is received during transmission of XCI and is present during the last mark period of XCI, the mark transmission shall be extended until either 3 s of 390 Hz has been detected or the 390 Hz signal ceases. If 390 Hz was detected for 3 s, the DCE shall initiate a connection as per Annex E, transmitting on the 1200 bit/s channel. + +**5.1.8** If a sequence of 1400 Hz or 1800 Hz FSK signals (i.e. valid 5-bit characters) are detected, the DCE shall analyse the bit duration and connect in the appropriate signalling rate as per Annex A. + +**5.1.9** If Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) signals are detected, the DCE shall connect in the DTMF mode using the character conversion and the operational characteristics specified in Annex B. + +**5.1.10** If 980 Hz or 1180 Hz signals are detected, the DCE shall start a 2-s timer (*Tr*) and attempt to determine the data signalling rate of the sequence. + +**5.1.10.1** If the data signalling rate is 110 bit/s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex C. + +**5.1.10.2** If 980 Hz only is detected for 1.5 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F in answer mode. + +**5.1.10.3** If the signal ceases for 0.4 s or timer *Tr* expires, the DCE shall return to monitoring, as specified in 5.1.1. + +**5.1.11** If 1270 Hz is detected for 0.7 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex D in answer mode. + +### **5.2 Automodding answering** + +**5.2.1** When in the answer mode, the DCE shall connect to the line and condition its receiver to detect: + +- V.23 high-band signals; +- 1300 Hz; +- 1400 Hz or 1800 Hz; +- DTMF tones; +- 980 Hz or 1180 Hz; +- signal CI; +- 2100 Hz; +- Modulated 2100 Hz according to ANSam specification in ITU-T V.8; +- 1270 Hz; +- 2225 Hz; +- 1650 Hz. + +The 3-s timer $T_a$ shall be started. No disconnect timers shall be started. The procedures are defined below, and are provided in Figures 2a and 2b as an aid to the reader. + +**5.2.2** If signal CI coded for text telephone is detected, or XCI marker in signal XCI (as described in 3.13) is detected, the DCE shall initiate transmission of answer tone, ANSam, as defined in ITU-T V.8, monitor for signals CM and TXP and start a 3-s timer ( $T_t$ ). + +**5.2.2.1** If V.8 signal CM is detected, the V.8 procedures shall be entered to determine which call function and modulation to use. See clause 6 and Annex G. + +**5.2.2.2** If signal TXP is detected, the DCE shall transmit no signal for $75 \pm 5$ ms, transmit 3 TXP sequences in V.21(2) mode, and then proceed as V.18 (i.e. ITU-T V.21 with the operational requirements specified in clause 4). See Annex G. + +**5.2.2.3** If $T_t$ expires, the DCE shall return to monitoring, as specified in 5.2.1. + +**5.2.3** If 2100 Hz is detected for 0.7 s, the DCE shall continue to monitor for 980 Hz, 1300 Hz or 1650 Hz. + +**5.2.3.1** If 980 Hz is detected for 0.4 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F in answer mode. + +**5.2.3.2** If 1300 Hz is detected for 1.7 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex E, transmitting on the 75 bit/s channel. + +**5.2.3.3** If 1650 Hz is detected for 0.4 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F in the calling mode. + +**5.2.4** If 980 Hz is detected, the DCE shall start a 2.7-s timer $T_e$ and monitor for 1650 Hz, 980 Hz and 1180 Hz. + +**5.2.4.1** If 1650 Hz is detected for 0.4 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F in the calling mode. + +**5.2.4.2** If a V.25 calling tone consisting of 980 Hz **only** for more than 470 ms but less than 730 ms is detected and followed by 1 s of silence, the DCE shall enter probing state as specified in 5.2.12. + +**5.2.4.3** If 980 Hz only is detected for 1.5 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F in answer mode. + +**5.2.4.4** If a low-channel V.21-modulated signal is detected, the DCE shall start a 2-s timer ( $T_r$ ) and attempt to determine the data signalling rate of the data sequence. + +**5.2.4.4.1** If the data signalling rate is 110 bit/s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex C. + +**5.2.4.4.2** If the data signalling rate is 300 bit/s and it is neither CI nor TXP, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F. + +**5.2.4.4.3** If timer $T_r$ expires, the DCE shall return to monitoring as specified in 5.2.1. + +**5.2.4.5** If timer $T_e$ expires, the DCE shall return to monitoring as specified in 5.2.1. + +**5.2.4.6** If CI is detected, the DCE shall continue the connection procedure according to the V.18 mode as detailed in 5.2.2, 5.2.2.1, 5.2.2.2 and 5.2.2.3 above. + +**5.2.5** If a sequence of 1400 Hz and 1800 Hz FSK signals (i.e. valid 5-bit characters) are detected, the DCE shall analyse the bit duration and connect in the appropriate signalling rate as per Annex A. + +**5.2.6** If Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) signals are detected, the DCE shall connect in the DTMF mode using the character conversion and the operational characteristics specified in Annex B. + +**5.2.7** If 1270 Hz is detected for 0.7 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex D in answer mode. + +**5.2.8** If 2225 Hz is detected for 1 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex D in the calling mode. + +**5.2.9** If 1650 Hz is detected for 0.4 s, the DCE shall connect as per Annex F in the calling mode. + +**5.2.10** If 1300 Hz is detected for more than 470 ms but less than 730 ms followed by 1 s of silence, the DCE shall immediately enter the probing state specified in 5.2.12. + +**5.2.11** If 1300 Hz only (i.e. no XCI) is detected for 1.7 s, then the DCE shall connect as per Annex E, transmitting on the 75 bit/s channel. If XCI is detected, the DCE shall proceed as described in 5.2.2. + +**5.2.12** If timer Ta expires, the DCE shall enter the probing state, starting by sending ANSam, and then sending signals intended to stimulate the calling text telephone or its user to respond. The DCE shall select a mode to probe in and proceed as described in either 5.2.12.1 or 5.2.12.2 depending on the most likely scenario preset by the user (see Appendix I). + +**5.2.12.1** When probing in the modes specified in Annexes A or B or C, the DCE shall transmit a buffered message in the selected mode and start variable timer Tm (default 3 s) to allow for a response from the caller. The DCE shall monitor for all the signals specified in 5.2.1. + +The DCE shall have a stored, user-changeable, default buffered message (e.g. V.18 pls type). Although the primary use of this stored message is to stimulate a response from a carrierless text telephone, it may also be optionally sent after a connection is established with a continuous carrier-based text telephone. + +**5.2.12.1.1** If any valid signal as defined in 5.2.1 is detected, the DCE shall act according to the specification in 5.2.2 to 5.2.11 and 5.2.13 with the exception that if no connection has been made within 20 s, the probing sequence shall be continued from where it was interrupted by the signal detection. + +**5.2.12.1.2** If timer Tm expires and no response is received, the DCE shall proceed to the next appropriate probe (e.g. next carrier mode, or next carrierless mode). If the probe list is exhausted, start again from the beginning of the appropriate list. + +**5.2.12.2** When probing in the modes specified in Annexes D or E or F, the DCE shall transmit ANSam with preference for the type with phase reversals, for 1 s, then remain silent for $75 \pm 5$ ms and then transmit, for the duration of variable timer Tc (default 6 s) depending on the mode, 1300 Hz carrier, 1650 Hz or 2225 Hz. The DCE shall monitor for all appropriate signals while transmitting one of the above carriers. When 1300 Hz is transmitted, the DCE shall also monitor for 390 Hz. + +**5.2.12.2.1** If 390 Hz is detected for 3 s while 1300 Hz is being sent, the DCE shall connect as per Annex E, transmitting on the 1200 bit/s channel. + +**5.2.12.2.2** When any other valid signal as defined in 5.2.1 is detected, the DCE shall act according to the specification in 5.2.2 to 5.2.11 with the exception that if a connect attempt from 5.2.12.2.1 or from this clause has not succeeded within 4 s, the probing sequence shall be continued where it was interrupted by the signal detection. + +**5.2.12.2.3** If timer Tc expires, the DCE shall proceed to the next appropriate probe (e.g. next carrier mode or next carrierless mode). If the probe list is exhausted, start again from the beginning of the appropriate list. + +**5.2.12.3** If V.8 signal CM is detected, the V.8 procedures are entered to determine which call function and modulation to use. See clause 6 and Annex G. + +**5.2.13** If V.8 signal ANSam is detected, the V.8 procedures shall be entered, in calling mode, as explained in clause 6 and Annex G. + +### **5.3 Automodging monitor mode** + +An automodging monitor mode shall be implemented for the purpose of detection of text telephone connection attempts from voice mode and for use in automatic voice/text answering systems. + +The function of this mode is identical to the automodging answering mode as specified in 5.2, except that the timer Ta is not set and 5.2.4.2 and 5.2.10 shall not result in entering the probing state. Instead, if either of the conditions in 5.2.4.2 or 5.2.10 is detected, this shall be reported to the DTE as a V.25 calling tone. + +When operating in automode monitor mode it may be desirable to handle the line interface so that parallel use for voice is enabled. + +When operating in automode monitor mode, precautions must be taken not to enter textphone mode on indications of DTMF signals on the line that may occur during voice mode from other applications than text telephony. + +![Flowchart of the start-up procedure in the originating V.18 DCE with automoding to existing types of text telephone without use of ITU-T V.8 bis.](2cde062fd82833415971a8bd1a2cafab_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + Start([Originating]) --> Transmit[Transmit no signal for 1 s] + Transmit --> StartTx[Start transmission of CI and XCI as in 5.1.1] + StartTx --> StartTimer[Start timer] + StartTimer --> Monitor1[Monitor 1] + + Monitor1 --> ANS_S{ANS} + Monitor1 --> DTMF_S{DTMF} + Monitor1 --> F1400_1800{1400 or 1800 Hz} + Monitor1 --> F980_1180{980 or 1180 Hz} + Monitor1 --> F2225{2225 Hz} + Monitor1 --> F1270{1270 Hz} + Monitor1 --> F390{390 Hz} + + ANS_S --> Transmit05[Transmit no signal for 0.5 s] + Transmit05 --> TXP_V21[TXP in V.21(1)] + TXP_V21 --> Monitor2[Monitor 2] + + DTMF_S --> ProceedB[Proceed as Annex B] + ProceedB --> ANSam_S{ANSam} + + F1400_1800 --> DetectRate[Detect rate] + DetectRate --> ProceedA[Proceed as Annex A] + ProceedA --> F110{110 bit/s} + F110 --> ProceedC[Proceed as Annex C] + + F980_1180 --> StartTimerTr[Start timer Tr] + StartTimerTr --> Monitor3[Monitor 3] + Monitor3 --> LossSignal{Loss of signal or Tr expires} + LossSignal --> Monitor1 + Monitor3 --> F980Only{980 Hz only} + F980Only --> ProceedF_Ans[Proceed in Annex F answer mode] + + F2225 --> ProceedD_Call[Proceed as Annex D in call mode] + F1270 --> ProceedD_Ans[Proceed as Annex D in answer mode] + F390 --> ProceedE_Ans[Proceed as Annex E in answer mode] + + ANSam_S --> ProceedV8[Proceed with V.8 procedures as Annex G] + + Monitor2 --> EndANS{End of ANS} + Monitor2 --> TXP_S{TXP} + Monitor2 --> F1650{1650 Hz} + Monitor2 --> F1300{1300 Hz} + + EndANS --> StopTXP[Stop txn of TXP] + StopTXP --> Monitor2_2[Monitor 2] + + TXP_S --> ProceedV18_V21[Proceed as V.18/V.21 Annex G] + F1650 --> ProceedF_Call[Proceed as Annex F in call mode] + F1300 --> ProceedE_Call[Proceed as Annex E in call mode] + + subgraph ID [T1608980-00] + end + +``` + +The flowchart illustrates the start-up procedure for an originating V.18 DCE with automoding. It begins with an 'Originating' state, followed by a 1-second signal transmission pause, then the start of CI and XCI transmission as per 5.1.1. A timer is started, and the system enters 'Monitor 1'. From 'Monitor 1', several paths are possible based on detected signals: ANS, DTMF, or specific frequencies (1400/1800 Hz, 980/1180 Hz, 2225 Hz, 1270 Hz, 390 Hz). The ANS path leads to a 0.5-second signal transmission pause, then TXP in V.21(1), and then to 'Monitor 2'. The DTMF path leads to 'Proceed as Annex B', then 'ANSam', and then 'Proceed with V.8 procedures as Annex G', which leads to TXP and then 'Proceed as V.18/V.21 Annex G'. The 1400/1800 Hz path leads to 'Detect rate', then 'Proceed as Annex A', then '110 bit/s', and finally 'Proceed as Annex C'. The 980/1180 Hz path leads to 'Start timer Tr', then 'Monitor 3'. From 'Monitor 3', a 'Loss of signal or Tr expires' condition leads back to 'Monitor 1', while '980 Hz only' leads to 'Proceed in Annex F answer mode'. The 2225 Hz path leads to 'Proceed as Annex D in call mode'. The 1270 Hz path leads to 'Proceed as Annex D in answer mode'. The 390 Hz path leads to 'Proceed as Annex E in answer mode'. From 'Monitor 2', paths include 'End of ANS', 'TXP', '1650 Hz', and '1300 Hz', leading to various Annex procedures. The flowchart is identified by the number T1608980-00. + +Flowchart of the start-up procedure in the originating V.18 DCE with automoding to existing types of text telephone without use of ITU-T V.8 bis. + +**Figure 1/V.18 – Start-up procedure in the originating V.18 DCE with automoding to existing types of text telephone without use of ITU-T V.8 *bis*** + +![Flowchart of the start-up procedure in the answering V.18 DCE showing automoding without use of V.8 bis procedures. The process starts with 'Answering', followed by 'Start timer' and 'Monitor A'. It branches into multiple paths based on detected signals: CI or XCI (leading to ANSam and timer Tt), ANS (leading to Monitor as caller and various frequencies), 1300 Hz calling tone, DTMF (leading to Annex B), 1270 Hz (leading to Annex D ans. mode), 1650 Hz (leading to Annex F ans. mode), and ANSam (leading to V.8 caller Annex G). Further steps include monitoring for CM, TXP, and various timers (Ta, Tt, Te, Tr). The process concludes with 'Probing' (see Figure 2b/V.18) or proceeding to various annexes (Annex A, B, C, D, E, F, G) or V.18 (V.21) mode. A 'Probing' block is also shown at the bottom center.](76b0cd79baaedd942af4dc42f2e764b8_img.jpg) + +NOTE – The detection of CI may be integrated with the detection of other V.21(1) signals. +The detection of XCI may be integrated with the detection of other V.23(2) signals (i.e.1300 Hz). + +T1608990-00 + +Flowchart of the start-up procedure in the answering V.18 DCE showing automoding without use of V.8 bis procedures. The process starts with 'Answering', followed by 'Start timer' and 'Monitor A'. It branches into multiple paths based on detected signals: CI or XCI (leading to ANSam and timer Tt), ANS (leading to Monitor as caller and various frequencies), 1300 Hz calling tone, DTMF (leading to Annex B), 1270 Hz (leading to Annex D ans. mode), 1650 Hz (leading to Annex F ans. mode), and ANSam (leading to V.8 caller Annex G). Further steps include monitoring for CM, TXP, and various timers (Ta, Tt, Te, Tr). The process concludes with 'Probing' (see Figure 2b/V.18) or proceeding to various annexes (Annex A, B, C, D, E, F, G) or V.18 (V.21) mode. A 'Probing' block is also shown at the bottom center. + +**Figure 2a/V.18 – Start-up procedure in the answering V.18 DCE showing automoding without use of V.8 *bis* procedures** + +![Flowchart of Automode probing procedure. The process starts with 'Probing', followed by 'Transmit ANSam'. A feedback loop from 'Next probe' also leads to 'Transmit ANSam'. After transmission, there is a 'Transmit no signal for 75 ms' period. The user then selects a 'Probing sequence (preset by user)' from four options: 1) Transmit ANSam for 1 s, stop for 75 ms, start 1650 Hz transmission, start timer; 2) Transmit stored message in Annex A, B or C mode, start timer; 3) Transmit 2100 Hz for 1 s, stop for 75 ms, start 2225 Hz transmission, start timer; 4) Transmit ANSam for 1 s, stop for 75 ms, start 1300 Hz transmission, start timer. Each option leads to a monitoring step: 'Monitor A (Note)', 'Monitor A', 'Monitor A (Note)', or 'Monitor A (Note) and 390 Hz'. These lead to timers Tc or Tm, which then lead to 'Next probe'. The 390 Hz path leads to 'Annex E mode'.](9c6461e1e94afae4dec455e69a2ce152_img.jpg) + +(see Figure 2a/V.18) + +``` + +graph TD + Start(( )) --> Probing[Probing] + Probing --> TransmitANSam[Transmit ANSam] + NextProbe[Next probe] --> TransmitANSam + TransmitANSam --> NoSignal[Transmit no signal for 75 ms] + NoSignal --> ProbingSequence[Probing sequence (preset by user)] + ProbingSequence --> Option1[Transmit ANSam for 1 s. +Stop transmission for 75 ms. +Start 1650 Hz transmission. +Start timer.] + ProbingSequence --> Option2[Transmit stored message +in Annex A, B or C mode. +Start timer.] + ProbingSequence --> Option3[Transmit 2100 Hz for 1 s. +Stop transmission for 75 ms. +Start 2225 Hz transmission. +Start timer.] + ProbingSequence --> Option4[Transmit ANSam for 1 s. +Stop transmission for 75 ms. +Start 1300 Hz transmission. +Start timer.] + + Option1 --> MonitorA1[Monitor A (Note)] + Option2 --> MonitorA2[Monitor A] + Option3 --> MonitorA3[Monitor A (Note)] + Option4 --> MonitorA4[Monitor A (Note) +and 390 Hz] + + MonitorA1 --> Tc1[/Tc/] + MonitorA2 --> Tm1[/Tm/] + MonitorA3 --> Tc3[/Tc/] + MonitorA4 --> Tc4[/Tc/] + MonitorA4 --> 390Hz[390 Hz] + + Tc1 --> NextProbe1[Next probe] + Tm1 --> NextProbe2[Next probe] + Tc3 --> NextProbe3[Next probe] + Tc4 --> NextProbe4[Next probe] + 390Hz --> AnnexE[Annex E mode] + + NextProbe1 --> NextProbe + NextProbe2 --> NextProbe + NextProbe3 --> NextProbe + NextProbe4 --> NextProbe + AnnexE --> NextProbe + +``` + +Flowchart of Automode probing procedure. The process starts with 'Probing', followed by 'Transmit ANSam'. A feedback loop from 'Next probe' also leads to 'Transmit ANSam'. After transmission, there is a 'Transmit no signal for 75 ms' period. The user then selects a 'Probing sequence (preset by user)' from four options: 1) Transmit ANSam for 1 s, stop for 75 ms, start 1650 Hz transmission, start timer; 2) Transmit stored message in Annex A, B or C mode, start timer; 3) Transmit 2100 Hz for 1 s, stop for 75 ms, start 2225 Hz transmission, start timer; 4) Transmit ANSam for 1 s, stop for 75 ms, start 1300 Hz transmission, start timer. Each option leads to a monitoring step: 'Monitor A (Note)', 'Monitor A', 'Monitor A (Note)', or 'Monitor A (Note) and 390 Hz'. These lead to timers Tc or Tm, which then lead to 'Next probe'. The 390 Hz path leads to 'Annex E mode'. + +NOTE – Excluding detection of the tone currently being transmitted. + +T1609000-00 + +**Figure 2b/V.18 – Automode probing** + +## 6 Connection in text telephone mode with V.8 and V.8 *bis* procedures + +The procedures in this clause are used when both DCEs have capability to perform a V.8 or V.8 *bis* negotiation. Negotiation on the reason for the call and modulation to use in the call can be performed. This enables possibilities to select optional modes of operation. + +### 6.1 V.8 procedures + +For connection in V.18 mode, using the V.8 procedures, the "textphone" call type and V.21 modulation shall always be offered. Other valid modulations may also be offered. + +If the V.8 procedure results in an agreement to start a textphone session, then the connection shall proceed as V.18 with modulation selected in the V.8 procedure and the operational requirements specified in Annex G. + +#### 6.1.1 Originate mode + +In originate mode, CI and XCI should be transmitted and detection of ANSam, ANS and text telephone signals should be enabled. + +If ANSam is received, a CM signal should be transmitted according to the V.8 procedures and the connection procedure according to V.8 should be completed. If the text telephone function selection + +is completed, the selected modulation should be started and V.18 text telephone presentation protocol T.140 invoked as specified in Annex G. + +If ANS is received, the TXP signal exchange is followed. + +If other text telephone signals are detected, the V.18 procedures should be followed to enter a suitable mode. + +#### **6.1.2 Answer mode** + +In answer mode, detection of a CI with any call function or a XCI should cause ANSam to be sent. + +If CM is received, the V.8 procedures should be followed to select a common call function and mode. If the selected call function is "textphone", the selected modulation should be started and V.18 text telephone presentation protocol T.140 invoked and the procedures of Annex G applied. + +If "txp" is received, the original "txp" signal exchange is continued that normally ends in V.18 mode, V.21 modulation and T.140 presentation protocol as specified in Annex G. + +If another text telephone signal is detected, the V.18 procedures should be followed to enter a suitable mode. + +If no signal is detected within 3 seconds, the V.18 probing procedures should be initiated, still monitoring for V.8 signals. + +#### **6.1.3 V.8 procedure initiated by the answering terminal** + +If the V.8 sequence is started with ANSam by a DCE with the intention to start the textphone mode, the calling DCE has no indication on the purpose of the call, and may select to indicate another, unacceptable, call type in CM. + +The answering DCE may then indicate the call type "textphone" in JM. The calling DCE can accept this mode by starting the DCE in the mode indicated in JM or deny it by not responding. + +#### **6.1.4 Enter text mode from voice** + +If the DCE is activated during a call without evident association to calling or answering, a 7-second timer should be started and the V.18 originating procedures described in 6.1.1 above should be initiated. If no text telephone signal and no V.8 signal is detected during this time, the V.18 modem should revert to answer mode as described in 6.1.2. + +NOTE – This clause is intended to address the transfer from voice mode to text. The procedure implies a small risk of connecting in one of the compatibility modes between two V.18 capable devices. The V.8 *bis* procedures should be preferred for entering text telephone mode during a voice call. + +### **6.2 Simultaneous voice and text telephony (SVT)** + +The capability for Simultaneous Voice and Data (SVD) provided by ITU-T H.324, V.61 and V.70 can be used to support expanded modes of text telephony without the need for any special modifications. When this capability is added to a device that supports the provisions of clauses 4 and 5, the device shall be considered a V.18 multi-mode text telephone device. In this case, V.8 *bis* procedures should be used, for the exchange and negotiation of capabilities as well as to provide the means for switching between supported text telephone modes and between text telephone mode and voice. + +When Simultaneous Voice and Data (SVD) capability is included, in a V.18 text telephone, connections with functionality suitable for deaf, hearing-impaired, speech-impaired and hearing people are facilitated. In these cases, after the SVD capability is established, text and voice can be used simultaneously in any combination as required by the users. + +NOTE – The audio channel provided by SVD DCEs (e.g. V.61, H.324) can, in many cases, support V.18 text telephony. In this case, the V.18 devices could be connected to the audio input of such devices and the text + +telephone connection would be established, in accordance with the provisions of clause 5, after the SVD connection is established. In this case, however, the SVD devices are not considered to be text telephone devices and therefore would not need to conform to the provisions of this Recommendation. + +### 6.3 Connection procedures based on ITU-T V.8 *bis* + +ITU-T V.8 *bis* offers possibilities to indicate more than one mode to use during the call. It also offers mechanisms for negotiating details about the selected mode. Only by completing a V.8 *bis* start-up sequence, the H.324 multimedia terminals can invoke the multilink protocol, the component selection, the encryption and the text conversation protocol T.140. V.18 has one mode for voice and text selectable through ITU-T V.8 *bis*. + +It is also possible to declare two or more available modes and agree on one. One example is that both V.18 and H.324 with T.140 can be declared, and any common mode for text conversation can be selected. + +If ITU-T V.8 *bis* is implemented in the DCE, the following procedures should be followed. + +In the V.8 *bis* procedure, a text telephone device should indicate "V.18 Text Telephone" in the V.8 *bis* parameters, and appropriate supported modulations, always including V.21. If other modes of interest for the current call are supported (e.g. H.324 with T.140), they should also be indicated, and the V.8 *bis* procedure used to select a common mode. + +V.8 *bis* transactions 2 and 3 are preferred for use during a call and transactions 12 and 13 are preferred at the beginning of a call. When a V.8 *bis* sequence is completed, the procedures recommended in 9.9/V.8 *bis* for assigning answer mode and originate mode when entering communication mode should be applied. + +Examples of V.8 *bis* procedures are given in Figure 3. + +**6.3.1** As soon as the line put in off-hook state by any DTE on the connection, the DTE controlling the V.18 DCE should set the DCE to the automodem monitor state. The DCE should also be configured to monitor for V.8 *bis* signals. + +**6.3.2** If the DCE is activated in the calling mode, i.e. performs the dialling, then the V.18 originating procedures should be invoked with the following additions: + +- The DTMF tones used in dialling should not cause detection as valid text telephone signals in the calling DCE. +- Configure the DCE to detect V.8 *bis* signals and text telephone signals. + +If V.8 *bis* signals are detected, the DCE should perform the V.8 *bis* procedures to enter a common mode. + +If text telephone signals are detected, the DCE should perform the V.18 procedures in 5.1 to enter a common mode for text conversation. + +**6.3.3** If the DCE is activated within 10 seconds after a ring is detected, the DCE should monitor the line for network tones. If a ringing tone is detected, then the procedure in 6.3.2 should be applied. This situation appears for example in the call from when the supplementary service: "Completion of call to busy subscriber" is invoked. If a ringing tone is not detected, then the V.18 answering procedures should be applied as follows: + +- Send V.8 *bis* signal Capability Request (CRe). +- Be configured to monitor for V.8 *bis* signals and text telephone signals. + +- At detection of a CI signal or an XCI signal, start a 3-second timer, and then send CRe. If no V.8 *bis* response is detected during the 3-second timeout, or another CI or XCI is received, then continue according to the V.8 answering procedure. If a V.8 *bis* response is received, the V.8 *bis* procedure should be continued to select a common mode of operation. + +**6.3.4** If the DCE is activated during a call without evident association to calling or answering, a V.8 *bis* CRd signal should be sent, a timeout of 7 seconds should be set and the procedures according to 6.3.2 should be applied. If no V.8 *bis* or text telephone signals are detected during this time, the procedures according to 6.3.3 should be applied. + +**6.3.5** If the V.8 *bis* procedures are completed for V.18 text telephone parameters, the session procedures in Annex G shall be applied. + +![Three sequence diagrams showing V.8 bis signaling scenarios: Non-V.8 bis caller, Non-V.8 bis caller (different timing), and V.8 bis calling.](e180f2b5fcbe8001554a7c0677cd3f82_img.jpg) + +The diagram consists of three sequence diagrams illustrating V.8 *bis* signaling scenarios between a caller and a callee. + +**Scenario 1: Non-V.8 *bis* caller** + +- Caller side:** A vertical line with a 2 s timer. It receives CI and CRe signals from the callee, and sends CI and ANS(am) signals to the callee. +- Callee side:** A vertical line. It receives CI and CRe signals from the caller, and sends CI and ANS(am) signals to the caller. +- Annotations:** + - V.8 *bis* answering (detects CI before transmission of CRe) + - 3 s or reception of CI, CNG, CT or text telephone signals + - Continue in V.8 or "txp" mode + +**Scenario 2: Non-V.8 *bis* caller** + +- Caller side:** A vertical line with a 2 s timer. It receives CRe and CI signals from the callee, and sends CRe and CI signals to the callee. +- Callee side:** A vertical line. It receives CRe and CI signals from the caller, and sends CRe and CI signals to the caller. +- Annotations:** + - V.8 *bis* answering (transmits CRe before any detection) + - 3 s or reception of CI, CNG, CT or text telephone signals + - Continue in V.8 or "txp" mode + +**Scenario 3: V.8 *bis* calling** + +- Caller side:** A vertical line. It sends CI, CRe, CLR, CL, and MS signals to the callee, and receives Selected mode from the callee. +- Callee side:** A vertical line. It receives CI, CRe, CLR, CL, and MS signals from the caller, and sends Selected mode to the caller. +- Annotations:** + - V.8 *bis* answering (when CI is detected before sending CRe) + - Detect CI, send CRe + - Wait max 3 s + - If no detection, start V.18 probing + +T1609010-00 + +Three sequence diagrams showing V.8 bis signaling scenarios: Non-V.8 bis caller, Non-V.8 bis caller (different timing), and V.8 bis calling. + +**Figure 3/V.18 – Examples of sequences including V.8 *bis* capable of DCEs** + +## 7 Bibliography + +Further informative reading about the background and needs of text telephony and text conversation can be found in the following document: + +- ETSI ETR 333 (1997), Human Factors (HF); *Text Telephony; Basic user requirements and recommendations*. + +## ANNEX A + +## 5-bit operational mode + +### A.1 Mode of operation + +The 5-bit mode is defined in ANSI TIA/EIA-825 (2000), A Frequency Shift Keyed Modem for use on the Public Switched Telephone Network. + +The communication channel is half-duplex with no channel turnaround. Carrier is transmitted 150 ms before the first character is transmitted. The receiver shall be disabled for 300 ms when a character is transmitted to mitigate false detection of echoes (in non-V.18 devices, the carrier may remain for up to 1 s after the last character to provide this same function). + +### A.2 Modulation + +The modulation is frequency shift-keyed modulation (i.e. no carrier is present when a character is not being transmitted) using 1400 Hz ( $\pm 5\%$ ) for a binary 1 and 1800 Hz ( $\pm 5\%$ ) for a binary 0. A bit duration of either 20 or $22.00 \pm 0.40$ ms is used providing either a nominal data signalling rate of 50 or 45.45 bits/s respectively. + +### A.3 Probe + +The probe in answer mode shall be at a 47.6-bit/s data signalling rate. + +### A.4 Character conversion + +The initial condition of the converter shall be the Letters (LTRS) mode; therefore, the DCE shall send the LTRS character (11111) to the line prior to transmitting the first translated character. The receiver decoding shall also start up in the LTRS mode. Additionally, the DCE shall send the appropriate mode character (i.e. LTRS or FIGS) every 72 characters. + +The 5-bit codes supported are given in Tables A.1 and A.2. Each character shall consist of the 5-bit sequence given in the tables preceded by a one start bit and followed by a minimum of one and one-half stop bits. + +The DCE shall convert the 5-bit coded characters received from the line to the appropriate 7-bit T.50 coded characters (see Table A.1) and transfer them to the DTE on circuit 104 (or its equivalent). + +The DCE shall convert the 7-bit T.50 coded characters received from the DTE on circuit 103 (or its equivalent) to the appropriate 5-bit coded characters (see Table A.2) and transmit to the line. + +### A.5 Informative usage information + +Informative comment: "GA" is the turntaking characters commonly used in English speaking environments. "GASK" is used for invitation to finish and "SKSK" as the finishing token. + +"Baudot" is a term often used for the 5-bit mode. "TTY" and "TDD" are terms often used for the text telephones operating in 5-bit mode. + +**Table A.1/V.18 – Line-to-DTE code conversion (5-bit to 7-bit)** + +| 5-bit code | LTRS | 7-bit T.50 code | 5-bit code | FIGS | 7-bit T.50 code | +|------------|----------|-----------------|------------|----------|-----------------| +| 00000 | (BACKSP) | 000 1000 | 00000 | (BACKSP) | 000 1000 | +| 00001 | E | 100 0101 | 00001 | 3 | 011 0011 | +| 00010 | LF | 000 1010 | 00010 | LF | 000 1010 | +| 00011 | A | 100 0001 | 00011 | – | 010 1101 | +| 00100 | SPACE | 010 0000 | 00100 | SPACE | 010 0000 | +| 00101 | S | 101 0011 | 00101 | – | 000 0000 | +| 00110 | I | 100 1001 | 00110 | 8 | 011 1000 | +| 00111 | U | 101 0101 | 00111 | 7 | 011 0111 | +| 01000 | CR | 000 1101 | 01000 | CR | 000 1101 | +| 01001 | D | 100 0100 | 01001 | \$ | 010 0100 | +| 01010 | R | 101 0010 | 01010 | 4 | 011 0100 | +| 01011 | J | 100 1010 | 01011 | ' | 010 0111 | +| 01100 | N | 100 1110 | 01100 | , | 010 1100 | +| 01101 | F | 100 0110 | 01101 | ! | 010 0001 | +| 01110 | C | 100 0011 | 01110 | : | 011 1010 | +| 01111 | K | 100 1011 | 01111 | ( | 010 1000 | +| 10000 | T | 101 0100 | 10000 | 5 | 011 0101 | +| 10001 | Z | 101 1010 | 10001 | " | 010 0010 | +| 10010 | L | 100 1100 | 10010 | ) | 010 1001 | +| 10011 | W | 101 0111 | 10011 | 2 | 011 0010 | +| 10100 | H | 100 1000 | 10100 | = | 011 1101 | +| 10101 | Y | 101 1001 | 10101 | 6 | 011 0110 | +| 10110 | P | 101 0000 | 10110 | 0 | 011 0000 | +| 10111 | Q | 101 0001 | 10111 | 1 | 011 0001 | +| 11000 | O | 100 1111 | 11000 | 9 | 011 1001 | +| 11001 | B | 100 0010 | 11001 | ? | 011 1111 | +| 11010 | G | 100 0111 | 11010 | + | 010 1011 | +| 11011 | FIGS | (Note) | 11011 | FIGS | (Note) | +| 11100 | M | 100 1101 | 11100 | . | 010 1110 | +| 11101 | X | 101 1000 | 11101 | / | 010 1111 | +| 11110 | V | 101 0110 | 11110 | ; | 011 1011 | +| 11111 | LTRS | (Note) | 11111 | LTRS | (Note) | + +NOTE – The translator must keep track of (e.g. toggle a memory location) the mode (i.e. LTRS, FIGS). The default should be the LTRS mode. The 7-bit T.50 character DEL (111 1111) sent from the keyboard shall force the receiving translator to the LTRS mode (see Table A.2). + +**Table A.2/V.18 – DTE-to-line code conversion (7-bit to 5-bit)** + +| 7-bit code | T.50 character | 5-bit code | 7-bit code | T.50 character | 5-bit code | +|------------|----------------|------------|------------|----------------|------------| +| 000 0000 | NULL | NULL | 100 0000 | @ >> X | 11101 | +| 000 0001 | SOH | NULL | 100 0001 | A | 00011 | +| 000 0010 | STX | NULL | 100 0010 | B | 11001 | +| 000 0011 | ETX | NULL | 100 0011 | C | 01110 | +| 000 0100 | EOT | NULL | 100 0100 | D | 01001 | +| 000 0101 | ENQ | NULL | 100 0101 | E | 00001 | +| 000 0110 | ACK | NULL | 100 0110 | F | 01101 | +| 000 0111 | BEL | NULL | 100 0111 | G | 11010 | +| 000 1000 | BACKSPACE | 00000 | 100 1000 | H | 10100 | +| 000 1001 | HT >> SPACE | 00100 | 100 1001 | I | 00110 | +| 000 1010 | LF | 00010 | 100 1010 | J | 01011 | +| 000 1011 | VT >> LF | 00010 | 100 1011 | K | 01111 | +| 000 1100 | FF >> LF | 00010 | 100 1100 | L | 10010 | +| 000 1101 | CR | 01000 | 100 1101 | M | 11100 | +| 000 1110 | SO | NULL | 100 1110 | N | 01100 | +| 000 1111 | SI | NULL | 100 1111 | O | 11000 | +| 001 0000 | DLE | NULL | 101 0000 | P | 10110 | +| 001 0001 | DC1 | NULL | 101 0001 | Q | 10111 | +| 001 0010 | DC2 | NULL | 101 0010 | R | 01010 | +| 001 0011 | DC3 | NULL | 101 0011 | S | 00101 | +| 001 0100 | DC4 | NULL | 101 0100 | T | 10000 | +| 001 0101 | NAK | NULL | 101 0101 | U | 00111 | +| 001 0110 | SYN | NULL | 101 0110 | V | 11110 | +| 001 0111 | ETB | NULL | 101 0111 | W | 10011 | +| 001 1000 | CAN | NULL | 101 1000 | X | 11101 | +| 001 1001 | EM | NULL | 101 1001 | Y | 10101 | +| 001 1010 | SUB >> ? | 11001 | 101 1010 | Z | 10001 | +| 001 1011 | ESC | NULL | 101 1011 | [ >> ( | 01111 | +| 001 1100 | IS4 >> LF | 00010 | 101 1100 | \ >> / | 11101 | +| 001 1101 | IS3 >> LF | 00010 | 101 1101 | ] >> ) | 10010 | +| 001 1110 | IS2 >> LF | 00010 | 101 1110 | ^ >> ' | 01011 | +| 001 1111 | IS1 >> SPACE | 00100 | 101 1111 | _ >> SPACE | 00100 | +| 010 0000 | SPACE | 00100 | 110 0000 | ' | 00111 | +| 010 0001 | ! | 01101 | 110 0001 | a | 00011 | +| 010 0010 | " | 10001 | 110 0010 | b | 11001 | +| 010 0011 | # >> \$ | 01001 | 110 0011 | c | 01110 | +| 010 0100 | \$ | 01001 | 110 0100 | d | 01001 | +| 010 0101 | % >> / | 11101 | 110 0101 | e | 00001 | +| 010 0110 | & >> + | 11010 | 110 0110 | f | 01101 | +| 010 0111 | ' | 01011 | 110 0111 | g | 11010 | + +**Table A.2/V.18 – DTE-to-line code conversion (7-bit to 5-bit) (*concluded*)** + +| 7-bit code | T.50 character | 5-bit code | 7-bit code | T.50 character | 5-bit code | +|------------|----------------|------------|------------|----------------|-------------| +| 010 1000 | ( | 01111 | 110 1000 | h | 10100 | +| 010 1001 | ) | 10010 | 110 1001 | i | 00110 | +| 010 1010 | * | 11100 | 110 1010 | j | 01011 | +| 010 1011 | + | 11010 | 110 1011 | k | 01111 | +| 010 1100 | , | 01100 | 110 1100 | l | 10010 | +| 010 1101 | - | 00011 | 110 1101 | m | 11100 | +| 010 1110 | . | 11100 | 110 1110 | n | 01100 | +| 010 1111 | / | 11101 | 110 1111 | o | 11000 | +| 011 0000 | 0 | 10110 | 111 0000 | p | 10110 | +| 011 0001 | 1 | 10111 | 111 0001 | q | 10111 | +| 011 0010 | 2 | 10011 | 111 0010 | r | 01010 | +| 011 0011 | 3 | 00001 | 111 0011 | s | 00101 | +| 011 0100 | 4 | 01010 | 111 0100 | t | 10000 | +| 011 0101 | 5 | 10000 | 111 0101 | u | 00111 | +| 011 0110 | 6 | 10101 | 111 0110 | v | 11110 | +| 011 0111 | 7 | 00111 | 111 0111 | w | 10011 | +| 011 1000 | 8 | 00110 | 111 1000 | x | 11101 | +| 011 1001 | 9 | 11000 | 111 1001 | y | 10101 | +| 011 1010 | : | 01110 | 111 1010 | z | 10001 | +| 011 1011 | ; | 11110 | 111 1011 | { >> ( | 01111 | +| 011 1100 | < >> ( | 01111 | 111 1100 | >> ! | 01101 | +| 011 1101 | = | 10100 | 111 1101 | } >> ) | 10010 | +| 011 1110 | > >> ) | 10010 | 111 1110 | ~ >> SPACE | 00100 | +| 011 1111 | ? | 11001 | 111 1111 | DEL | NULL (Note) | + +NOTE – Whenever the mode changes (e.g. an alphabet character is followed by a number), the translator must insert the appropriate mode code (i.e. 11011 or 11111) before transmitting the next 5-bit character code (see Table A.1). The 7-bit T.50 character DEL (111 1111) sent from the keyboard shall force the receiving translator to the LTRS mode. + +## ANNEX B + +## DTMF operational mode + +### B.1 Mode of operation + +The communications channel is half-duplex. The receiver is disabled for 300 ms when a character is transmitted to mitigate false detection of echoes. + +### B.2 Character conversion + +The Q.23 (DTMF) characters supported are given in Tables B.1 and B.2. Each character shall consist of the appropriate code sequence given in the table. + +The DCE shall convert the DTMF characters received from the line to their equivalent T.50-coded characters and transfer them to the DTE on circuit 104 (or its equivalent) as per Table B.1. + +The DCE shall convert the T.50-coded characters received from the DTE on circuit 103 (or its equivalent) to the appropriate DTMF characters and transmit to the line as per Table B.2. + +### B.3 Timing + +The DCE shall detect characters at least 40 ms in length with silent intervals of at least 40 ms. The DCE shall transmit DTMF characters at least 70 ms in length with silent intervals of at least 50 ms. + +**Table B.1/V.18 – Line-to-DTE code conversion (DTMF to 7-bit)** + +| DTMF codes | T.50 character | 7-bit code | DTMF codes | T.50 character | 7-bit code | +|------------|----------------|------------|------------|----------------|------------| +| 1 | b | 110 0010 | **4 | : | 011 1010 | +| 2 | e | 110 0101 | **5 | % | 010 0101 | +| 3 | h | 110 1000 | **6 | ( | 010 1000 | +| 4 | k | 110 1011 | **7 | ) | 011 1110 | +| 5 | n | 110 1110 | **8 | , | 010 1100 | +| 6 | q | 111 0001 | **9 | LF | 000 1010 | +| 7 | t | 111 0100 | **0 | NULL | NULL | +| 8 | w | 111 0111 | #*1 | æ (Note 1) | 111 1011 | +| 9 | z | 111 1010 | #*2 | ø (Note 1) | 111 1100 | +| 0 | SPACE | 010 0000 | #*3 | å (Note 1) | 111 1101 | +| *1 | a | 110 0001 | #*4 | Æ (Note 1) | 101 1011 | +| *2 | d | 110 0100 | #*5 | Ø (Note 1) | 101 1100 | +| *3 | g | 110 0111 | #*6 | Å (Note 1) | 101 1101 | +| *4 | j | 110 1010 | ##*1 | A | 100 0001 | +| *5 | m | 110 1101 | ##*2 | D | 100 0100 | +| *6 | p | 111 0000 | ##*3 | G | 100 0111 | +| *7 | s | 111 0011 | ##*4 | J | 100 1010 | +| *8 | v | 111 0110 | ##*5 | M | 100 1101 | +| *9 | y | 111 1001 | ##*6 | P | 101 0000 | +| *0 | BACK SPACE | 000 1000 | ##*7 | S | 101 0011 | +| #1 | c | 110 0011 | ##*8 | V | 101 0110 | +| #2 | f | 110 1110 | ##*9 | Y | 101 1001 | +| #3 | i | 110 1001 | ##*0 | NULL | NULL | +| #4 | l | 110 1100 | ##1 | B | 100 0010 | +| #5 | o | 110 1111 | ##2 | E | 100 0101 | +| #6 | r | 111 0010 | ##3 | H | 100 1000 | +| #7 | u | 111 0101 | ##4 | K | 100 1011 | +| #8 | x | 111 1000 | ##5 | N | 100 1110 | +| #9 | . | 010 1110 | ##6 | Q | 101 0001 | +| #0 | ? | 011 1111 | ##7 | T | 101 0100 | +| *#1 | 1 | 011 0001 | ##8 | W | 101 0111 | +| *#2 | 2 | 011 0010 | ##9 | Z | 101 1010 | + +**Table B.1/V.18 – Line-to-DTE code conversion (DTMF to 7-bit) (concluded)** + +| DTMF codes | T.50 character | 7-bit code | DTMF codes | T.50 character | 7-bit code | +|------------|----------------|------------|------------|----------------|------------| +| *#3 | 3 | 011 0011 | ##0 | SPACE | 010 0000 | +| *#4 | 4 | 011 0100 | ###1 | C | 100 0011 | +| *#5 | 5 | 011 0101 | ###2 | F | 100 0110 | +| *#6 | 6 | 011 0110 | ###3 | I | 100 1001 | +| *#7 | 7 | 011 0111 | ###4 | L | 100 1100 | +| *#8 | 8 | 011 1000 | ###5 | O | 100 1111 | +| *#9 | 9 | 011 1001 | ###6 | R | 101 0010 | +| *#0 | 0 | 011 0000 | ###7 | U | 101 0101 | +| **1 | + | 010 0110 | ###8 | X | 101 1000 | +| **2 | - | 010 1101 | ###9 | ; | 011 1011 | +| **3 | = | 011 1101 | ###0 | ! | 010 0001 | + +NOTE 1 – National option. + +NOTE 2 – Codes preceded by \*\*# or \*\*\* are reserved for preprogrammed sentences and should be translated character by character to the corresponding T.50 codes. + +**Table B.2/V.18 – DTE-to-line code conversion (7-bit to DTMF)** + +| 7-bit code | T.50 character | DTMF | 7-bit code | T.50 character | DTMF | +|------------|----------------|------|------------|----------------|-------| +| 000 0000 | NULL | NULL | 100 0000 | @ >> X | ###8 | +| 000 0001 | SOH | NULL | 100 0001 | A | ##*1 | +| 000 0010 | STX | NULL | 100 0010 | B | ##1 | +| 000 0011 | ETX | NULL | 100 0011 | C | ###1 | +| 000 0100 | EOT | NULL | 100 0100 | D | ##*2 | +| 000 0101 | ENQ | NULL | 100 0101 | E | ##2 | +| 000 0110 | ACK | NULL | 100 0110 | F | ###2 | +| 000 0111 | BEL | NULL | 100 0111 | G | ##*3 | +| 000 1000 | BACKSPACE | *0 | 100 1000 | H | ##3 | +| 000 1001 | HT >> SPACE | 0 | 100 1001 | I | ###3 | +| 000 1010 | LF | **9 | 100 1010 | J | ##*4 | +| 000 1011 | VT >> LF | **9 | 100 1011 | K | ##4 | +| 000 1100 | FF >> LF | **9 | 100 1100 | L | ###4 | +| 000 1101 | CR | NULL | 100 1101 | M | ##*5 | +| 000 1110 | SO | NULL | 100 1110 | N | ##5 | +| 000 1111 | SI | NULL | 100 1111 | O | ###5 | +| 001 0000 | DLE | NULL | 101 0000 | P | ##*6 | +| 001 0001 | DC1 | NULL | 101 0001 | Q | ##6 | +| 001 0010 | DC2 | NULL | 101 0010 | R | ###6 | +| 001 0011 | DC3 | NULL | 101 0011 | S | ##*7 | +| 001 0100 | DC4 | NULL | 101 0100 | T | ##7 | +| 001 0101 | NAK | NULL | 101 0101 | U | ### 7 | + +**Table B.2/V.18 – DTE-to-line code conversion (7-bit to DTMF) (continued)** + +| 7-bit code | T.50 character | DTMF | 7-bit code | T.50 character | DTMF | +|------------|----------------|------|------------|----------------|-------| +| 001 0110 | SYN | NULL | 101 0110 | V | ##* 8 | +| 001 0111 | ETB | NULL | 101 0111 | W | ##8 | +| 001 1000 | CAN | NULL | 101 1000 | X | ### 8 | +| 001 1001 | EM | NULL | 101 1001 | Y | ##*9 | +| 001 1010 | SUB >> ? | #0 | 101 1010 | Z | ## 9 | +| 001 1011 | ESC | NULL | 101 1011 | Æ (Note) | *#4 | +| 001 1100 | IS4 >> LF | **9 | 101 1100 | Ø (Note) | *#5 | +| 001 1101 | IS3 >> LF | **9 | 101 1101 | Å (Note) | *#6 | +| 001 1110 | IS2 >> LF | **9 | 101 1110 | ^ >> ' | NULL | +| 001 1111 | IS1 >> SPACE | 0 | 101 1111 | _ >> SPACE | 0 | +| 010 0000 | SPACE | 0 | 110 0000 | ' | NULL | +| 010 0001 | ! | ###0 | 110 0001 | a | *1 | +| 010 0010 | " | NULL | 110 0010 | b | 1 | +| 010 0011 | # >> \$ | NULL | 110 0011 | c | #1 | +| 010 0100 | \$ | NULL | 110 0100 | d | *2 | +| 010 0101 | % >> / | **5 | 110 0101 | e | 2 | +| 010 0110 | & >> + | **1 | 110 1110 | f | #2 | +| 010 0111 | ' | NULL | 110 0111 | g | *3 | +| 010 1000 | ( | **6 | 110 1000 | h | 3 | +| 010 1001 | ) | **7 | 110 1001 | i | #3 | +| 010 1010 | _ >> . | #9 | 110 1010 | j | *4 | +| 010 1011 | + | **1 | 110 1011 | k | 4 | +| 010 1100 | , | **8 | 110 1100 | l | #4 | +| 010 1101 | - | **2 | 110 1101 | m | *5 | +| 010 1110 | . | #9 | 110 1110 | n | 5 | +| 010 1111 | / | NULL | 110 1111 | o | #5 | +| 011 0000 | 0 | *#0 | 111 0000 | p | *6 | +| 011 0001 | 1 | *#1 | 111 0001 | q | 6 | +| 011 0010 | 2 | *#2 | 111 0010 | r | #6 | +| 011 0011 | 3 | *#3 | 111 0011 | s | *7 | +| 011 0100 | 4 | *#4 | 111 0100 | t | 7 | +| 011 0101 | 5 | *#5 | 111 0101 | u | #7 | +| 011 0110 | 6 | *#6 | 111 0110 | v | *8 | +| 011 0111 | 7 | *#7 | 111 0111 | w | 8 | +| 011 1000 | 8 | *#8 | 111 1000 | x | #8 | +| 011 1001 | 9 | *#9 | 111 1001 | y | *9 | +| 011 1010 | : | **4 | 111 1010 | z | 9 | +| 011 1011 | ; | ###9 | 111 1011 | æ (Note) | *#1 | + +**Table B.2/V.18 – DTE-to-line code conversion (7-bit to DTMF) *(concluded)*** + +| 7-bit code | T.50 character | DTMF | 7-bit code | T.50 character | DTMF | +|-------------------------|----------------|------|------------|----------------|------| +| 011 1100 | < >> ( | **6 | 111 1100 | ø (Note) | #*2 | +| 011 1101 | = | **3 | 111 1101 | å (Note) | #*3 | +| 011 1110 | > >> ) | **7 | 111 1110 | ~ >> SPACE | 0 | +| 011 1111 | ? | #0 | 111 1111 | DEL | *0 | +| NOTE – National option. | | | | | | + +## ANNEX C + +## EDT operational mode + +### C.1 Mode of operation + +The communications channel is half-duplex. The carrier is transmitted 300 ms before the first character is transmitted. The receiver shall be disabled for 300 ms when a character is transmitted to mitigate false detection of echoes (in non-V.18 devices, the carrier may remain for up to 1 s after the last character to provide this same function). + +### C.2 Modulation + +The modulation is frequency shift-keyed modulation using V.21(1) frequencies. The data signalling rate is 110 bits/s. + +### C.3 Characters in the EDT mode + +The EDT must use the following character structure. The 7-bit T.50-coded character shall be preceded by one (1) START bit and shall be followed by one EVEN PARITY bit, and two STOP bits. + +NOTE – Many EDT textphones use the NAK character (decimal 21) as a backspace and delete. + +## ANNEX D + +## Bell 103 mode + +### D.1 Mode of operation + +The communication circuit for data transmission is a duplex circuit whereby data transmission in both directions simultaneously is possible at 300 bit/s or less. The frequency of the ANS used by this DCE is 2225 Hz. + +### D.2 Modulation + +The modulation is a binary modulation obtained by frequency shift, resulting in a modulation rate being equal to the data signalling rate. + +For channel No. 1, the nominal mean frequency is 1170 Hz; for channel No. 2, it is 2125 Hz. + +The frequency deviation is $\pm 100$ Hz. In each channel, the higher characteristic frequency (FA) corresponds to a binary 1 [i.e. channel No. 1 (FA = 1270 Hz and Fz = 1070 Hz); channel No. 2 (FA = 2225 Hz and Fz = 2025 Hz)]. + +### D.3 Character code and framing + +Characters shall be coded in the US 7-bit national character set according to ITU-T T.50. Characters are framed by one start bit, 7-bit data, with one even parity bit and one stop bit. Received parity should be ignored. + +### D.4 Presentation control + +Transmitted characters are viewed through the use of local echo. Erasure of the last character is requested by BS (0/8). New line is requested by CR LF, and erased with one BS. Local word wrapping is used at the end of line, and does not cause CR LF to be sent to the line. + +### D.5 Usage conventions + +Many existing devices have only one common window for display of both directions of transmission. Therefore, an indicator is used to indicate when a user has finished typing and wants to give turn to the other. The most commonly used indicator for this purpose is the character string "GA". + +## ANNEX E + +## V.23 Videotex terminals + +There are two main types of Videotex terminals in use for text telephony, usually known as Minitel and Prestel. The modulation is asymmetric duplex conforming to ITU-T V.23 with a 1200 bit/s forward channel and a 75 bit/s backward channel. + +The characters are sent in asynchronous mode, 7-bit characters framed by one start bit, one stop bit and one even parity bit, (receive parity is ignored). + +Prestel and Minitel terminals use different control sequences, and it may be necessary to distinguish between them. + +### E.1 Minitel terminals + +#### E.1.1 Mode of operation + +Minitel terminals must follow the 40 column Videotex mode Teletel standard with coding specified in profile 2 of the CEPT Videotex Recommendation. + +When used in text telephone mode, the basic C0, G0 and G2 character sets shall be supported. + +A repertoire of control sequences is defined for Minitel in accordance with Profile 2 of the CEPT Videotex protocol. A subset is required for text telephone usage. After connection, the answer mode terminal takes the initiative to set the terminals into a mode suitable for text telephony by the following control sequences. This table shows only recommended initial control sequences. + +| Answer mode terminal sends | Call mode terminal responds | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Reset (1B 16 , 39 16 , 7F 16 ) | Acknowledge Reset (13 16 , 5E 16 ) | +| Request scroll up mode
(1B 16 , 3A 16 , 69 16 , 43 16 ) | Acknowledge scroll mode and lowercase mode
(1B 16 , 3A 16 , 73 16 , 4A 16 ) | +| Clear screen (0C 16 ) | | + +The answer mode terminal echos received characters and uses local echo to view transmitted characters. Call mode terminals do not have any echo capabilities. + +#### **E.1.2 Minitel "Dialogue" terminal** + +Minitel Dialogue terminals are intended for text telephone use and can operate in either call mode or answer mode, with mode selection being done automatically at connection establishment. + +#### **E.1.3 Minitel "Normal" terminal** + +Minitel Normal terminals operate only in call mode. The control sequences described above should be initiated by the answer mode terminal to ensure that the Minitel Normal terminal is placed in the correct mode. + +### **E.2 Prestel terminals** + +Prestel terminals always operate in call mode and require the remote terminal to operate in answer mode. Like Minitel terminals, the answer mode terminal echoes received characters and uses local echo to view transmitted characters. Positive identification of a Prestel terminal may be achieved by transmission of an ENQ character which will cause an identification string to be sent if one is programmed. If there is no response to an ENQ character or the Minitel control sequences listed above, it should be assumed that the answering terminal is a Prestel terminal. + +## **ANNEX F** + +## **V.21 text telephone mode** + +### **F.1 Mode of operation** + +The communication connection is 300 bit/s duplex. + +### **F.2 Modulation** + +The modulation is frequency shift-keyed modulation using continuous carriers according to V.21 frequencies. + +### **F.3 Channel selection** + +Existing text telephone devices use several different ways to select the mode of operation (i.e. originate or answer). The following is a list of known methods used for resolution of mode assignments: + +- 1) The DCE starts in answer mode and then toggles at random intervals (0.6-2.4 s) between the originate and answer modes until a carrier connection is established. +- 2) The DCE uses stored information and chooses its mode of operation depending on whether the device has most recently dialled or detected a ring. + +In other cases, where no form of resolution is provided, the assignment of the mode of operation relies on the users selecting different modes at each end by prior agreement. + +### **F.4 Character code and framing** + +Characters shall be coded in 7-bit national character sets according to ITU-T T.50. Characters are framed by one start bit, 7-bit data, with one even parity bit and one stop bit. Devices should be designed to accept one or two stop bits. Received parity should be ignored. + +### **F.5 Presentation control** + +Transmitted characters are viewed through the use of local echo. Erasure of the last character is requested by BS (0/8). New line is requested by CR LF, and erased with one BS. Local word wrapping is used at the end of line, and does not cause CR LF to be sent to the line. + +### **F.6 Usage conventions** + +Most existing devices have only one common window for display of both directions of transmission; therefore, an indicator is used to indicate when a user has finished typing and wants to hand over to the other party. The most commonly used indicators for this purpose are the "\*" (e.g. in the Nordic countries) and the character string "GA" (e.g. in the United Kingdom). + +## **ANNEX G** + +## **V.18 text telephone mode** + +### **G.1 Mode of operation** + +The modulation in this mode shall be in accordance with ITU-T V.21 at 300 bit/s, if no other modulation is selected in the connection procedure (see clause 6). + +### **G.2 Presentation protocol for V.18 mode** + +The text conversation protocol in the DTE shall be as specified in ITU-T T.140. + +### **G.3 Framing and transmission** + +Each octet sent from the T.140 protocol shall be transmitted in asynchronous mode with one start bit, one stop bit and no parity bit. Characters shall not be echoed by the receiving device. + +# **APPENDIX I** + +## **Representative ordering of automoding** + +The following orderings of automoding are suggested starting points for development of probing sequences for the specified countries. Any other probing sequence can be used as appropriate for the individual situation, including sequences containing only fewer, selected modes. When selecting modes and orders, the effect on connection success and connection time should be considered. + +### **Australia, Ireland** + +send 5-bit code buffered message +send V.21 carrier +send V.23 carrier +send EDT code buffered message +send DTMF buffered message +send Bell 103 carrier + +### **UK** + +send V.21 carrier +send 5-bit code buffered message +send V.23 carrier +send EDT code buffered message +send DTMF buffered message +send Bell 103 carrier + +### **Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Spain** + +### **Austria** + +send EDT code buffered message +send V.21 carrier +send V.23 carrier +send 5-bit code buffered message +send DTMF buffered message +send Bell 103 carrier + +### **Netherlands** + +send DTMF buffered message +send V.21 carrier +send V.23 carrier +send 5-bit code buffered message +send EDT buffered message +send Bell 103 carrier + +### **Nordic countries (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark)** + +send V.21 carrier +send DTMF buffered message +send 5-bit code buffered message +send EDT code buffered message +send V.23 carrier +send Bell 103 carrier + +### **USA** + +send 5-bit code buffered message +send Bell 103 carrier +send V.21 carrier +send V.23 carrier +send EDT code buffered message +send DTMF buffered message + +### **France, Belgium** + +send V.23 carrier +send EDT buffered message +send DTMF buffered message +send 5-bit code buffered message +send V.21 carrier +send Bell 103 carrier + +# **APPENDIX II** + +## **Recommended common procedures for terminals using the V.18 DCE** + +### **II.1 Line status display** + +An indication of the status of the connection should be presented, including call progress information as well as the status of circuit 135, line energy present. + +### **II.2 Connect mode** + +An indication of the mode in which the connection was made (e.g. V.18, V.23, Baudot, etc.) should be provided to the user. + +## **APPENDIX III** + +## **Specification of V.18 implementation tests** + +### **Summary** + +This appendix contains test specifications for testing implementations of V.18 Operational and Interworking requirements for DCEs operating in the Text Telephone Mode. It contains basic interworking tests on a functional level and implementation test cases. The interworking test is meant to give some confidence in that there is reason to perform the most elaborate implementation tests. The tests are supposed to be supported by a semi-automatic test tool called the "tester". The tests are designed so that they verify one part of the V.18 logic each. The tests do not compose a full + +conformance test, but are intended to give confidence in that a V.18 implementation is made according to the Recommendation. + +### **III.1 Introduction** + +Tests have been defined for the majority of possible paths through the V.18 automodding states. These include calling, called and monitor automodding operation. There are tests for character conversion. There are also tests for operational functions such as provision of indications to the DTE of call status and tests for requirements of the compatibility modes described in the annexes. + +There is a group of tests for exception conditions such as immunity to voice and fax machines. These are not specifically defined in ITU-T V.18 but are implicit if the Textphone Under Test (TUT) is to operate correctly under typical conditions. + +There are no tests for V.8 *bis*, V.61 or for other multimedia related operations as described in clause 6. These may also be added at a later date. + +Compliance with this suite of tests does not guarantee operation with all versions of all textphones. Although every effort has been made to test all relevant paths through ITU-T V.18, it may be that some modes of operation are not covered either due to unpredictable use of ITU-T V.18 or because ITU-T V.18 itself does not cater for that particular mode. + +Proper end-to-end interworking in the text telephone mode relies on compatibility at the presentation level. Although there are tests for implementation of the ITU-T V.18 annexes, this should not be interpreted as guaranteeing end-to-end interworking at the presentation level. + +The ease of use of text telephones relies on many factors including the network interface and human factors issues in the user interface. Verification against the following tests reflects only a part of the total usability. + +### **III.2 Definitions** + +| | | +|----------|--------------------------------------------------| +| TUT | Textphone Under Test | +| Tester | The equipment used to perform the tests | +| Operator | The person using the tester to perform the tests | + +### **III.3 Summary of tests** + +It is assumed throughout the tests that a purpose built test tool, referred to as the "tester" is available for an "operator" to perform the tests. The textphone under test is referred to as the TUT. The TUT will be connected to the tester via some kind of network simulator which may be incorporated into the tester. + +Only the tests that are applicable to a particular V.18 implementation should be performed, e.g. detection of RINGING is not applicable to an acoustically coupled device. + +#### **III.3.1 Interworking tests** + +There are two interworking tests. They will be performed against the BT reference implementation of ITU-T V.18. This is a software implementation that runs on a PC using a purpose built DSP card to provide the necessary modem functions. + +- 1) Automode Calling Test. +- 2) Automode Called Test. + +#### III.3.2 Implementation tests + +There are five groups of implementation tests: + +##### III.3.2.1 Operational requirements tests + +| Test description | Identifier | V.18 ref. | +|----------------------------------------------|------------|-----------| +| No Disconnection Test | MISC-01 | 4 (1) | +| Automatic resumption of automoding | MISC-02 | 4 (2) | +| Retention of selected mode on loss of signal | MISC-03 | 4 (2) | +| Detection of BUSY tone | MISC-04 | 4 (4) | +| Detection of RINGING | MISC-05 | 4 (4) | +| "LOSS OF CARRIER" indication | MISC-06 | 4 (4) | +| Call progress indication | MISC-07 | 4 (4) | +| Circuit 135 test | MISC-08 | 4 (5) | +| Connection Procedures | MISC-09 | | + +##### III.3.2.2 Automode originate tests + +| Test description | Identifier | V.18 ref. | +|----------------------------------------|-----------------|-----------| +| CI & XCI Signal coding and cadence | ORG-01 | 5.1.1 | +| ANS Signal Detection | ORG-02 | 5.1.3 | +| End of ANS signal detection | ORG-03 | 5.1.3.1 | +| ANS tone followed by TXP | ORG-04 | 5.1.3.2 | +| ANS tone followed by 1650 Hz | ORG-05 | 5.1.3.3 | +| ANS tone followed by 1300 Hz | ORG-06 | 5.1.3.4 | +| ANS tone followed by no tone | ORG-07 | 5.1.3 | +| Bell 103 (2225 Hz Signal) Detection | ORG-08 | 5.1.4 | +| V.21 (1650 Hz Signal) Detection | ORG-09 | 5.1.5 | +| V.23 (1300 Hz Signal) Detection | ORG-10 | 5.1.6 | +| V.23 (390 Hz Signal) Detection | ORG-11 | 5.1.7 | +| 5 Bit Mode (Baudot) Detection Tests | ORG-12 a) to d) | 5.1.8 | +| DTMF signal detection | ORG-13 | 5.1.9 | +| EDT Rate Detection | ORG-14 | 5.1.10 | +| Rate Detection Test | ORG-15 | 5.1.10.1 | +| 980 Hz Detection | ORG-16 | 5.1.10.2 | +| Loss of signal after 980 Hz | ORG-17 | 5.1.10.3 | +| Tr Timer | ORG-18 | 5.1.10.3 | +| Bell 103 (1270 Hz Signal) Detection | ORG-19 | 5.1.11 | +| Immunity to Network Tones | ORG-20 | — | +| Immunity to other non-textphone modems | ORG-21 a), b) | — | + +| | | | +|-----------------------|--------|-------| +| Immunity to Fax Tones | ORG-22 | – | +| Immunity to Voice | ORG-23 | – | +| ANSam detection | ORG-24 | 5.1.2 | +| V.8 originate call | ORG-25 | 6.1 | + +##### III.3.2.3 Automode answer tests + +| Test description | Identifier | V.18 ref. | +|------------------------------------------|-------------------|------------------| +| Ta timer | ANS-01 | 5.2.1 | +| CI Signal Detection | ANS-02 | 5.2.2 | +| Early Termination of ANS tone | ANS-03 | 5.2.2.1 | +| Tt Timer | ANS-04 | 5.2.2.2 | +| ANS tone followed by 980 Hz | ANS-05 | 5.2.3.1 | +| ANS tone followed by 1300 Hz | ANS-06 | 5.2.3.2 | +| ANS tone followed by 1650 Hz | ANS-07 | 5.2.3.3 | +| 980 Hz followed by 1650 Hz | ANS-08 | 5.2.4.1 | +| 980 Hz calling tone detection | ANS-09 a) to d) | 5.2.4.2 | +| V.21 Detection by Timer | ANS-10 | 5.2.4.3 | +| EDT Detection by Rate | ANS-11 | 5.2.4.4.1 | +| V.21 Detection by Rate | ANS-12 | 5.2.4.4.2 | +| Tr Timer | ANS-13 | 5.2.4.4.3 | +| Te Timer | ANS-14 | 5.2.4.5 | +| 5 Bit Mode (Baudot) Detection Tests | ANS-15 a) to d) | 5.2.5 | +| DTMF Signal Detection | ANS-16 | 5.2.6 | +| Bell 103 (1270 Hz signal) detection | ANS-17 | 5.2.7 | +| Bell 103 (2225 Hz signal) detection | ANS-18 | 5.2.8 | +| V.21 Reverse Mode (1650 Hz) Detection | ANS-19 | 5.2.9 | +| 1300 Hz Calling Tone Discrimination | ANS-20 a) to d) | 5.2.10 | +| V.23 Reverse Mode (1300 Hz) Detection | ANS-21 | 5.2.11 | +| 1300 Hz with XCI Test | ANS-22 | | +| Stimulate Mode Country Settings | ANS-23 | 5.2.12 | +| Stimulate Carrierless Mode Probe Message | ANS-24 | 5.2.12.1 | +| Interrupted Carrierless Mode Probe | ANS-25 | 5.2.12.1.1 | +| Stimulate Carrier Mode Probe Time | ANS-26 | 5.2.12.2 | +| V.23 Mode (390 Hz) Detection | ANS-27 | 5.2.12.2.1 | +| Interrupted Carrier Mode Probe | ANS-28 | 5.2.12.2.2 | +| Stimulate Mode Response During Probe | ANS-29 | 5.2.12.2.2 | +| Immunity to Network Tones | ANS-30 | | + +| | | | +|------------------------------------|--------|---------| +| Immunity to Fax Calling Tones | ANS-31 | | +| Immunity to Voice | ANS-32 | | +| V.8 CM detection and V.8 Answering | ANS-33 | 5.2.2.1 | + +##### III.3.2.4 Automode monitor tests + +For the following tests the TUT must be set to monitor mode as defined in 5.3 "Automode Monitor Mode". + +| Test description | Identifier | V.18 ref. | +|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|-----------| +| Repeat all answer mode tests excluding tests ANS-01, ANS-20 and ANS-23 to ANS-29 | MON-01 to 20 | 5.3 | +| Automode Monitor Ta timer | MON-21 | 5.3 | +| Automode Monitor 1300 Hz Calling Tone Discrimination | MON-22 a) to d) | 5.3 | +| Automode Monitor 980 Hz Calling Tone Discrimination | MON-23 a) to d) | 5.3 | + +##### III.3.2.5 ITU-T V.18 annexes tests + +For the following tests verify the requirements specified in Annexes A to F. + +| Test description | Identifier | V.18 ref. | +|----------------------------------------------|------------|-----------| +| Baudot carrier timing and receiver disabling | X-01 | A.1 | +| Baudot bit rate confirmation | X-02 | A.2 | +| Baudot probe bit rate confirmation | X-03 | A.3 | +| 5 Bit to T.50 Character Conversion | X-04 | A.4 | +| DTMF receiver disabling | X-05 | B.1 | +| DTMF character conversion | X-06 | B.2 | +| EDT carrier timing and receiver disabling | X-07 | C.1 | +| EDT bit rate and character structure | X-08 | C.2-3 | +| V.23 calling mode character format | X-09 | E | +| V.23 answer mode character format | X-10 | E | +| V.21 character structure | X-11 | F.4-5 | +| V.18 mode | X-12 | G.1-3 | + +### III.4 Interworking tests description + +#### III.4.1 Introduction + +The interworking tests ensure that the Textphone Under Test (TUT) interworks satisfactorily with the reference V.18 Text Telephone. These tests are intended to eliminate any implementation with serious errors and/or faulty equipment and to demonstrate the interworking integrity of the TUT. Further they provide an opportunity to test the acoustic coupling and/or PSTN interface of the TUT. + +No measure of quality is applied in these tests. The aim is simply to gain sufficient confidence to merit continuation of the tests. + +#### III.4.2 Test methodology + +The TUT is set up in a working configuration and connected to the Tester possibly via a network simulator. No delays or errors are inserted into the link, so that high quality, trouble free operation should be achievable. + +#### III.4.3 Test cases + +Only two types of tests are performed: + +- 1) A call is made from the TUT set up in the Automode calling mode to the reference V.18 text telephone. +- 2) A call is made from the reference V.18 text telephone to the TUT in Automode Answer configuration. + +In both cases the terminals should arrive in V.18 mode in less than 5 seconds after the call is answered. It should then be possible to perform a text conversation correctly at least with the minimal character set and the editing operations specified in ITU-T T.140. + +### III.5 V.18 implementation tests description + +#### III.5.1 Introduction + +This group of tests verifies that the TUT protocol implementation conforms to the V.18 specification. + +#### III.5.2 Test methodology + +The TUT is set up in a working configuration and connected to the Tester via a suitable interface. This might be a direct PSTN connection or an acoustic coupler. + +#### III.5.3 Test case identifier numbers + +The structure of each case identified number is as follows: + +*- * + +where group can be: + +- *MISC, Operational Requirements and other tests.* +- *ANS, Automode Answer Tests.* +- *ORG, Automode Originate Tests.* +- *MON, Automode Monitor Tests.* +- *X, V.18 Annex Tests.* + +#### III.5.4 Test cases + +##### III.5.4.1 Operational requirements tests + +###### III.5.4.1.1 No disconnection test + +*Identifier:* MISC-01 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the DCE does not initiate a disconnection. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* A call is made to the TUT from the tester which remains off hook for 10 minutes without sending any signal. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should answer the call and enter the probing state after 3 seconds. The TUT should continue to probe until the test is terminated. + +*Comments:* This feature should also be verified by observation during the automoding tests. + +###### **III.5.4.1.2 Automatic resumption of automoding** + +*Identifier:* MISC-02 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the DCE can be configured to automatically re-assume the automode calling state after 10 s of no valid signal. + +*Preamble:* The TUT should be configured to automatically re-assume the initial automoding state. + +*Method:* The tester should set up a call to the TUT in V.21 mode and then drop the carrier. The tester will then transmit silence for 11 seconds followed by a 1300 Hz tone for 5 seconds (i.e. V.23). + +*Pass criteria:* 1) Ten seconds after dropping the carrier the TUT should return to state Monitor 1. +2) After $2.7 \pm 0.3$ seconds the TUT should select V.23 mode and send a 390 Hz tone. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that carrier has been lost at some time after the 1650 Hz signal is lost. + +###### **III.5.4.1.3 Retention of selected mode on loss of signal** + +*Identifier:* MISC-03 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the DCE stays in the selected transmission mode if it is not configured to automatically re-assume the initial automoding state. + +*Preamble:* The TUT should be configured to remain in the selected transmission mode when the carrier is lost. + +*Method:* The tester should set up a call to the TUT in V.21 mode, for example. It will drop the carrier for 9 seconds and then re-start transmission of the same carrier for 1 second followed by a short message. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should resume operation in V.21 mode and capture the entire test message. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that carrier has been lost at some time after the carrier signal is removed and not disconnect. + +###### **III.5.4.1.4 Detection of BUSY tone** + +*Identifier:* MISC-04 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the DCE provides the call progress indication "BUSY" in presence of the national busy tone. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The TUT should be configured to dial out and then be presented with the appropriate national busy tone. + +*Pass criteria:* Detection of busy tone should be displayed by the TUT. + +*Comments:* ITU-T V.18 specifies that the DCE should not hang up, but that is intended to apply to the case where a connection is established and then lost. A terminal may automatically hang up when busy tone is detected. PABX busy tones may differ in frequency and cadence from national parameters. + +###### **III.5.4.1.5 Detection of RINGING** + +- Identifier:* MISC-05 +- Purpose:* To ensure that the DCE provides the call progress indication "RINGING" in presence of the national ringing tone. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester will make a call to the TUT using the nationally recommended cadence and the minimum recommended ring voltage/current. +- Pass criteria:* The RINGING condition should be visually indicated by the TUT. +- Comments:* This test should be repeated across a range of valid timings and ring voltages. + +###### **III.5.4.1.6 "LOSS OF CARRIER" indication** + +- Identifier:* MISC-06 +- Purpose:* To ensure that the DCE provides the call progress indication "LOSS OF CARRIER" upon a loss of carrier in full duplex modes, i.e. V.21, V.23, Bell 103. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* Set up a call in each of the full duplex modes and force a carrier failure to the TUT. +- Pass criteria:* Loss of carrier should be indicated and disappear when the carrier is restored. +- Comments:* The V.18 modem should not automatically disconnect when used in a manual conversation mode. However, a V.18 equipped terminal may disconnect based on operational decisions, e.g. when it is a terminal in automatic answering machine mode. There may be other cases, e.g. where the V.18 DCE is used in a gateway, when automatic disconnection is required. + +###### **III.5.4.1.7 Call progress indication** + +- Identifier:* MISC-07 +- Purpose:* To ensure that the DCE provides the call progress indication "CONNECT(x)" upon a connection. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* Correct CONNECT messages should be verified during the Automode tests that follow. +- Pass criteria:* The relevant mode should be indicated by the DCE when automoding is complete. However, this may possibly not be indicated by the DTE. +- Comments:* The possible modes are: V.21, V.23, Baudot 45, Baudot 50, EDT, Bell 103, DTMF. + +###### **III.5.4.1.8 Circuit 135 Test** + +- Identifier:* MISC-08 +- Purpose:* To ensure that the DCE implements circuit 135 or an equivalent way of indicating presence of a signal. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* A call from the TUT should be answered in voice mode after 20 seconds. The tester will transmit sampled voice messages. V.24 circuit 135 or its equivalent should be observed. +- Pass criteria:* The ring tone and speech shall be indicated by circuit 135. + +*Comment:* The response times and signal level thresholds of Circuit 135 are not specified in ITU-T V.18 or V.24 and therefore the pattern indicated may vary. + +###### **III.5.4.1.9 Connection procedures** + +*Identifier:* MISC-09 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT implements the call connect procedure described in clause 6. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* TBD + +*Pass criteria:* TBD + +*Comment:* TBD + +##### **III.5.4.2 Automode originate tests** + +In this group of tests, the TUT is placed in the automode originate mode, while the tester emulates the operation of the answering station. + +###### **III.5.4.2.1 CI and XCI signal coding and cadence** + +*Identifier:* ORG-01 + +*Purpose:* To verify that TUT correctly emits the CI and XCI signals with the ON/OFF cadence defined in 5.1.1. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* V.21 demodulator is used to decode the CI sequence and a timer to measure the silence intervals between them. The XCI signal is also monitored and decoded to check for correct coding and timing of the signal. + +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) No signal should be transmitted for one second after connecting to the line. + - 2) Four CI patterns are transmitted for each repetition. + - 3) No signal is transmitted for two seconds after the end of each CI. + - 4) Each CI must have the correct bit pattern. + - 5) The CI patterns followed by two seconds of silence must be repeated twice. + - 6) One second after every 3 blocks CI an XCI signal must be transmitted. + - 7) The XCI should have the structure defined in 3.11. + - 8) The whole sequence should be repeated until the call is cleared. + - 9) When V.18 to V.18, the XCI must not force V.23 or Minitel mode. + +###### **III.5.4.2.2 ANS signal detection** + +*Identifier:* ORG-02 + +*Purpose:* To verify that TUT correctly detects the ANS (2100 Hz) signal during the two-second interval ( $T_{\text{off}}$ ) between transmission of CI sequences. + +*Preamble:* Make a V.18 call from the TUT. + +*Method:* The Test System waits for the TUT to stop transmitting a CI and responds with an ANS signal. The V.21 demodulator is used to decode the TXP sequence and a timer measures the silence intervals between them. ANS should be transmitted for 2 seconds. + +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) No signal should be transmitted by TUT for 0.5 seconds from detection of ANS. + - 2) The TUT should reply with transmission of TXP as defined in 5.1.2. + - 3) Verify that TXP sequence has correct bit pattern. + +###### **III.5.4.2.3 End of ANS signal detection** + +- Identifier:* ORG-03 +- Purpose:* The TUT should stop sending TXP at the end of the current sequence when the ANS tone ceases. +- Preamble:* Test ORG-02 should be successfully completed immediately prior to this test. +- Method:* The tester sends ANS for 2 seconds followed by silence. The tester will then monitor for cessation of TXP at the end of the answer tone. +- Pass criteria:* The TUT should stop sending TXP at the end of the current sequence when ANS tone ceases. + +###### **III.5.4.2.4 ANS tone followed by TXP** + +- Identifier:* ORG-04 +- Purpose:* To check correct detection of V.18 modem. +- Preamble:* Tests ORG-02 and ORG-03 should be successfully completed prior to this test. +- Method:* Tester transmits ANS for 2.5 seconds followed by 75 ms of no tone then transmits 3 TXP sequences using V.21 (2) and starts a 1 s timer. It will then transmit 1650 Hz for 5 seconds. +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) TUT should initially respond with TXP. + - 2) TUT should stop sending TXP within 0.2 seconds of end of ANS. + - 3) TUT should respond with 980 Hz carrier within 1 second of end of 3 TXP sequences. + - 4) Data should be transmitted and received according to ITU-T T.140 to comply with the V.18 operational requirements. +- Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.18 mode has been selected. + +###### **III.5.4.2.5 ANS tone followed by 1650 Hz** + +- Identifier:* ORG-05 +- Purpose:* To check correct detection of V.21 modem upper channel when preceded by answer tone and to confirm discrimination between V.21 and V.18 modes. +- Preamble:* Tests ORG-02 and ORG-03 should be successfully completed prior to this test. +- Method:* Tester transmits ANS for 2.5 seconds followed by 75 ms of no tone then transmits 1650 Hz and starts a 0.7 second timer. +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) TUT should initially respond with TXP. + - 2) TUT should stop sending TXP within 0.2 seconds of end of ANS. + - 3) TUT should respond with 980 Hz at 0.5(+0.2-0.0) seconds of start of 1650 Hz. + - 4) Data should be transmitted and received at 300 bit/s complying with Annex F. +- Comments:* Selection of ITU-T V.21 as opposed to ITU-T V.18 should be confirmed by examination of TUT. If there is no visual indication, verify by use of ITU-T T.50 for ITU-T V.21 as opposed to UTF-8 coded ISO 10646 character set for ITU-T V.18. + +###### **III.5.4.2.6 ANS tone followed by 1300 Hz** + +- Identifier:* ORG-06 +- Purpose:* To check correct detection of V.23 modem upper channel when preceded by answer tone. +- Preamble:* Tests ORG-02 and ORG-03 should be successfully completed prior to this test. +- Method:* Tester transmits ANS for 2.5 seconds followed by 75 ms of no tone then transmits 1300 Hz and starts a 2.7 s timer. +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) TUT should initially respond with TXP. + - 2) TUT should stop sending TXP within 0.2 seconds of end of ANS. + - 3) TUT should respond with 390 Hz after 1.7(+0.2-0.0) seconds of start of 1300 Hz. + - 4) Data should be transmitted and received at 75 bit/s and 1200 bit/s respectively by the TUT to comply with Annex E. +- Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.23 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.2.7 ANS tone followed by no tone** + +- Identifier:* ORG-07 +- Purpose:* To confirm that TUT does not lock up under this condition. +- Preamble:* Tests ORG-02 and ORG-03 should be successfully completed prior to this test. +- Method:* Tester transmits ANS for 2.5 seconds followed by no tone for 10 s. It then transmits DTMF tones for 2 seconds. +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) TUT should initially respond with TXP. + - 2) TUT should stop sending TXP within 0.2 seconds of end of ANS. + - 3) TUT should return to Monitor 1 state and then connect in DTMF mode within 12 seconds of the end of ANS tone. +- Comments:* This condition would cause the terminal to lock up if the V.18 standard is followed literally. It may however, occur when connected to certain Swedish textphones if the handset is lifted just after the start of an automatically answered incoming call. + +##### **III.5.4.2.8 Bell 103 (2225 Hz signal) detection** + +- Identifier:* ORG-08 +- Purpose:* To verify that the TUT correctly detects the Bell 103 upper channel signal during the 2-second interval between transmission of CI sequences. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester waits for a CI and then sends a 2225 Hz signal for 5 seconds. +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) The TUT should respond with a 1270 Hz tone in $0.5 \pm 0.1$ seconds. + - 2) Data should be transmitted and received at 300 bit/s to comply with Annex D. +- Comments:* The TUT should indicate that Bell 103 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.2.9 V.21 (1650 Hz signal) detection** + +*Identifier:* ORG-09 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT correctly detects the V.21 upper channel signal during the 2-second interval between transmission of CI sequences. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester waits for a CI and then sends a 1650 Hz signal for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should respond with a 980 Hz tone in $0.5 \pm 0.1$ seconds. +2) Data should be transmitted and received at 300 bit/s to comply with Annex F. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.21 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.2.10 V.23 (1300 Hz signal) detection** + +*Identifier:* ORG-10 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT correctly detects the V.23 upper channel signal during the 2-second interval between transmission of CI sequences. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester waits for a CI and then sends a 1300 Hz signal for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should respond with a 390 Hz tone in $1.7 \pm 0.1$ seconds. +2) Data should be transmitted and received at 75 bit/s and 1200 bit/s respectively by the TUT to comply with Annex E. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.23 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.2.11 V.23 (390 Hz signal) detection** + +*Identifier:* ORG-11 + +*Purpose:* To confirm correct selection of V.23 reverse mode during sending of XCI. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester should wait for the start of the XCI signal and then send 390 Hz to TUT for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should complete the XCI as normal. +2) The TUT should then maintain the 1300 Hz tone while the 390 Hz test tone is present. +3) Data should be transmitted and received at 1200 bit/s and 75 bit/s respectively by the TUT to comply with Annex E when connection is indicated. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.23 mode has been selected at least 3 seconds after the start of the 390 Hz tone. + +##### **III.5.4.2.12 5 bit mode (Baudot) detection tests** + +*Identifier:* ORG-12 (a) to (d) + +*Purpose:* To confirm detection of Baudot modulation at various bit rates that may be encountered. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +- Method:* The tester transmits the 5-bit coded characters "0" to "9" followed by "abcdef" at (a) 45.45, (b) 47.6, (c) 50 and (d) 100 bits per second. When TUT indicates a connection, type at least 5 characters back to the tester so that correct selection of bit rate can be confirmed. +- Pass criteria:* 1) TUT should select Baudot mode and the appropriate bit rate. +2) The tester will analyse the bit rate of received characters, which should be at either 45.45 or 50 bits per second as appropriate. +- Comments:* 45.45 and 50 bit/s are the commonly used Baudot bit rates. However, certain textphones can operate at higher rates (e.g. 100 bit/s). Responding at either 45.45 or 50 bit/s is acceptable to these devices which normally fall back to the selected rate. +47.6 bit/s may possibly be encountered from another V.18 textphone in the automode answer state. The TUT may then select either 45.45 or 50 bit/s for the transmission. + +##### **III.5.4.2.13 DTMF signal detection** + +- Identifier:* ORG-13 +- Purpose:* To verify whether the TUT correctly recognizes DTMF signals during the 2-second interval between transmission of CI. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester will send a single DTMF tone of 40 ms duration to TUT. When TUT indicates a connection, type at least 5 characters back to the tester so that correct selection of mode can be confirmed. +- Pass criteria:* The tester will analyse the received characters to confirm DTMF mode selection. +- Comments:* TUT should indicate that it has selected DTMF mode. The DTMF capabilities of the TUT should comply with ITU-T Q.24 for the Danish Administration while receiving for best possible performance. + +##### **III.5.4.2.14 EDT rate detection** + +- Identifier:* ORG-14 +- Purpose:* To confirm detection of EDT modems by detecting the transmission rate of received characters. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester transmits EDT characters "abcdef" to TUT at 110 bit/s. When TUT indicates that the connection is established, type characters "abcdef" back to the tester. The same characters will then be transmitted back to the TUT. +- Pass criteria:* Ensure correct reception of characters by tester and TUT. +- Comments:* The TUT should be able to determine the rate on the six characters given. If it takes more than this then performance is probably inadequate as too many characters would be lost. Some characters may be lost during the detection process. However, the number lost should be minimal. The data bits and parity are specified in Annex C. + +###### **III.5.4.2.15 Rate detection test** + +*Identifier:* ORG-15 + +*Purpose:* To verify the presence of 980/1180 Hz at a different signalling rate than 110 bit/s returns the TUT modem to the "monitor A" state. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester transmits 980/1180 Hz signals at 300 bit/s for 2 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should not select EDT or any other mode and should continue to transmit the CI signal. + +*Comments:* Echoes of the CI sequences may be detected at 300 bit/s. + +##### **III.5.4.2.16 980 Hz detection** + +*Identifier:* ORG-16 + +*Purpose:* To confirm correct selection of V.21 reverse mode. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 980 Hz to TUT for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) TUT should respond with 1650 Hz tone after $1.5 \pm 0.1$ seconds after start of 980 Hz tone. + +2) Data should be transmitted and received at 300 bit/s complying with Annex F. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.21 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.2.17 Loss of signal after 980 Hz** + +*Identifier:* ORG-17 + +*Purpose:* To confirm that TUT returns to the Monitor 1 state if 980 Hz signal disappears. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 980 Hz to TUT for 1.2 seconds followed by silence for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* TUT should not respond to the 980 Hz tone and resume sending CI signals after a maximum of 2.4 seconds from the end of the 980 Hz tone. + +##### **III.5.4.2.18 Tr timer** + +*Identifier:* ORG-18 + +*Purpose:* To confirm that TUT returns to the Monitor 1 state if Timer Tr expires. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 980 Hz to TUT for 1.2 seconds followed by 1650 Hz for 5 seconds with no pause. + +*Pass criteria:* TUT should respond with 980 Hz after $1.3 \pm 0.1$ seconds of 1650 Hz. + +*Comments:* This implies timer Tr has expired 2 seconds after the start of the 980 Hz tone and then 1650 Hz has been detected for 0.5 seconds. + +##### **III.5.4.2.19 Bell 103 (1270 Hz signal) detection** + +*Identifier:* ORG-19 + +*Purpose:* To confirm correct selection of Bell 103 reverse mode. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 1270 Hz to TUT for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) TUT should respond with 2225 Hz tone after $0.7\pm 0.1$ s. +2) Data should be transmitted and received at 300 bit/s complying with Annex D. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that Bell 103 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.2.20 Immunity to network tones** + +*Identifier:* ORG-20 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT does not interpret network tones as valid signals. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will first send a dial tone to the TUT, this will be followed by a ringing tone and a network congestion tone. The frequencies and cadences of the tones will vary according to the country setting. The tester must be configured for the same country as the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* The countries supported by the TUT should be noted along with the response to each tone. The tones should either be ignored or reported as the relevant network tone to the user. + +*Comments:* V.18 is required to recognize and report RINGING and BUSY tones. Other network tones may be ignored. Some devices may only provide a visual indication of the presence and cadence of the tones for instance by a flashing light. The TUT may disconnect on reception of tones indicating a failed call attempt. + +##### **III.5.4.2.21 Immunity to non-textphone modems** + +*Identifier:* ORG-21 (a) and (b) + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT does not interpret modem tones not supported by V.18 as valid text telephone tones. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will respond with an ANS tone (2100 Hz) followed by simulated (a) V.32 *bis* and (b) V.34 modem training sequences. + +*Pass criteria:* The tones should either be ignored or reported back to the user. No textphone modem should be selected. + +*Comments:* Some high speed modems may fall back to a compatibility mode, e.g. V.21 or V.23 that should be correctly detected by the TUT. + +##### **III.5.4.2.22 Immunity to fax tones** + +*Identifier:* ORG-22 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT will not interpret a called fax machine as being a textphone. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will respond as if it were a typical group 3 fax machine in automatic answer mode. It should send a CED tone (2100 Hz) plus Digital Identification Signal (DIS) as defined in ITU-T T.30. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should ignore the received tones. + +*Comments:* Ideally the TUT should detect the presence of a fax machine and report it back to the user. + +##### III.5.4.2.23 Immunity to voice + +| | | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ORG-23 | +| Purpose: | To ensure that the TUT does not misinterpret speech as a valid textphone signal. | +| Preamble: | N/A | +| Method: | The tester will respond with sampled speech. A number of phrases recorded from typical male and female speakers will be transmitted. This will include a typical network announcement. | +| Pass criteria: | The TUT should ignore the speech. | +| Comments: | Ideally the TUT should report the presence of speech back to the user, e.g. via circuit 135. | + +##### III.5.4.2.24 ANSam signal detection + +| | | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ORG-24 | +| Purpose: | To verify that TUT correctly detects the ANSam (2100 Hz modulated) signal during the two-second interval ( $T_{\text{off}}$ ) between transmission of CI sequences. | +| Preamble: | Make a V.18 call from the TUT. | +| Method: | The Test System waits for the TUT to stop transmitting a CI and responds with an ANSam signal. The V.21 demodulator is used to decode the CM sequence. ANSam should be transmitted for 2 seconds. | +| Pass criteria: |
  1. 1) No signal should be transmitted by TUT for 0.5 seconds from detection of ANSam.
  2. 2) The TUT should reply with transmission of CM as defined in 5.2.13.
  3. 3) Verify that CM sequence has correct bit pattern.
| + +###### III.5.4.2.25 V.8 calling procedure + +| | | +|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ORG-25 | +| Purpose: | To verify that TUT correctly performs a V.8 call negotiation. | +| Preamble: | Make a V.18 call from the TUT. Answer with ANSam from the Tester and with JM for V.21 on the CM. | +| Method: | The Test System waits for the TUT to start transmitting V.21 carrier (1). | +| Pass criteria: | The TUT should connect by sending V.21 carrier (1). | + +##### III.5.4.3 Automode answer tests + +For the tests in this clause a call must be established from the tester to the TUT. All tests, except where stated otherwise, will commence 0.5 seconds after the call is answered to ensure that the actions are begun before timer $T_a$ expires within the TUT. This implies that the tester must detect when the TUT goes off hook. + +###### III.5.4.3.1 $T_a$ timer + +| | | +|--------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ANS-01 | +| Purpose: | To ensure that on connecting the call, the DCE starts timer $T_a$ (3 seconds) and on expiry begins probing. | +| Preamble: | N/A | + +*Method:* The tester makes a call to the TUT and attempts to determine when the TUT answers the call. It will then monitor for any signal. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should start probing 3 seconds after answering the call. + +###### **III.5.4.3.2 CI signal detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-02 + +*Purpose:* To confirm the correct detection and response to the V.18 CI signal. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will transmit 2 sequences of 4 CI patterns separated by 2 seconds. It will monitor for ANS and measure duration. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should respond after either the first or second CI with ANSam tone. +2) ANSam tone should remain for 3 seconds $\pm 0.5$ s followed by silence. + +*Comments:* The ANSam tone is a modulated 2100 Hz tone. It may have phase reversals. The XCI signal is tested in a separate test. + +###### **III.5.4.3.3 Early termination of ANSam tone** + +*Identifier:* ANS-03 + +*Purpose:* To confirm that the TUT will respond correctly to TXP signals, i.e. by stopping ANSam tone on reception of TXP signal. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will transmit 2 sequences of 4 CI patterns separated by 2 seconds. On reception of the ANSam tone the tester will wait 0.5 seconds and then begin transmitting the TXP signal in V.21 (1) mode. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) On reception of the TXP signal, the TUT should remain silent for $75 \pm 5$ ms. +2) The TUT should then transmit 3 TXP sequences in V.21(2) mode. +3) The 3 TXPs should be followed by continuous 1650 Hz. +4) Correct transmission and reception of T.140 data should be verified after the V.18 mode connection is completed. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate V.18 mode. + +###### **III.5.4.3.4 Tt timer** + +*Identifier:* ANS-04 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that after detection of ANSam the TUT will return to Monitor A after timer Tt expires. + +*Preamble:* Successful completion of test ANS-03. + +*Method:* After completion of test ANS-03 the tester will continue to monitor for signals. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should start probing 3 seconds after ANSam disappears. + +*Comments:* It is assumed that timer Ta is restarted on return to Monitor A. + +###### **III.5.4.3.5 ANS tone followed by 980 Hz** + +*Identifier:* ANS-05 + +*Purpose:* To check correct detection of V.21 modem lower channel when preceded by answer tone. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* Tester transmits ANS for 2.5 seconds followed by 75 ms of no tone then transmits 980 Hz and starts a 1 s timer. + +*Pass criteria:* TUT should respond with 1650 Hz within $400\pm 100$ ms of start of 980 Hz. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.21 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.3.6 ANS tone followed by 1300 Hz** + +*Identifier:* ANS-06 + +*Purpose:* To check correct detection of V.23 modem upper channel when preceded by answer tone. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* Tester transmits ANS for 2.5 seconds followed by 75 ms of no tone then transmits 1300 Hz and starts a 2-s timer. + +*Pass criteria:* TUT should respond with 390 Hz after $1.7(+0.2-0.0)$ seconds of start of 1300 Hz. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.23 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.3.7 ANS tone followed by 1650 Hz** + +*Identifier:* ANS-07 + +*Purpose:* To check correct detection of V.21 modem upper channel when preceded by answer tone and to confirm discrimination between V.21 and V.18 modes. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* Tester transmits ANS for 2.5 seconds followed by 75 ms of no tone then transmits 1650 Hz and starts a 1-second timer. + +*Pass criteria:* TUT should respond with 980 Hz within $400\pm 100$ ms of start of 1650 Hz. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.21 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.3.8 980 Hz followed by 1650 Hz** + +*Identifier:* ANS-08 + +*Purpose:* To ensure the correct selection of V.21 modem channel when certain types of Swedish textphones are encountered. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will simulate a call from a Diatext2 textphone that alternates between 980 Hz and 1650 Hz until a connection is made. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should respond with the appropriate carrier depending on when it connects. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate a V.21 connection. The time for which each frequency is transmitted is random and varies between 0.64 and 2.56 seconds. + +##### **III.5.4.3.9 980 Hz calling tone detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-09 (a) to (d) + +*Purpose:* To confirm correct detection of 980 Hz calling tones as defined in V.25. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will send bursts of 980 Hz signals (a) 400 ms, (b) 500 ms, (c) 700 ms and (d) 800 ms followed by 1 second of silence. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should not respond to bursts of 400 or 800 ms. +2) The TUT should immediately begin probing after a burst of 980 Hz for 500 or 700 ms followed by 1 second of silence. + +*Comments:* The probe sent by the TUT will depend on the country setting. + +##### **III.5.4.3.10 V.21 detection by timer** + +*Identifier:* ANS-10 + +*Purpose:* To confirm correct selection of V.21 calling modem when the received signal is not modulated, i.e. there is no 1180 Hz. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 980 Hz to TUT for 2 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should respond with a 1650 Hz tone in $1.5 \pm 0.1$ seconds. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.21 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.3.11 EDT detection by rate** + +*Identifier:* ANS-11 + +*Purpose:* To confirm detection of EDT modems by detecting the transmission rate of received characters. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester transmits EDT characters "abcdef" to TUT at 110 bit/s. When TUT indicates that the connection is established, type characters "abcdef" back to the tester. The same characters will then be transmitted back to the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* Ensure correct reception of characters by tester and TUT. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that EDT mode has been selected. Some characters may be lost during the detection process. However, the number lost should be minimal. The data bits and parity are specified in Annex C. + +##### **III.5.4.3.12 V.21 Detection by rate** + +*Identifier:* ANS-12 + +*Purpose:* To confirm detection of V.21 modem low channel by detecting the transmission rate of received characters and to ensure correct discrimination between V.18 and V.21 modes. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester transmits characters "abcdef" to TUT using V.21 (1) at 300 bit/s. When TUT indicates that the connection is established, type characters "abcdef" back to the tester. The same characters will then be transmitted back to the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* Ensure correct reception of characters by tester and TUT. + +*Comments:* This situation is unlikely to occur in practice unless the DCE is sending a V.21 (1650 Hz) probe. However, it is catered for in V.18. It is more likely that this is where CI or TXP characters would be detected (see test ANS-02). + +##### III.5.4.3.13 Tr timer + +| | | +|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ANS-13 | +| Purpose: | To ensure that the TUT returns to the Monitor A state on expiry of timer Tr (2 seconds). Timer Tr is started when a modulated V.21 (1) signal is detected. | +| Preamble: | N/A | +| Method: | The tester will transmit 980 Hz for 200 ms followed by alternating 980 Hz/1180 Hz at 110 bit/s for 100 ms followed by 980 Hz for 1 second. | +| Pass criteria: | The TUT should begin probing $4\pm 0.5$ seconds after the 980 Hz signal is removed. | +| Comments: | It is not possible to be precise on timings for this test since the definition of a "modulated signal" as in 5.2.4.4 is not specified. Therefore it is not known exactly when timer Tr will start. It is assumed that timer Ta is restarted on re-entering the Monitor A state. | + +##### III.5.4.3.14 Te timer + +| | | +|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ANS-14 | +| Purpose: | To ensure that the TUT returns to the Monitor A on expiry of timer Te (2.7 seconds). Timer Te is started when a 980 Hz signal is detected. | +| Preamble: | N/A | +| Method: | The tester will transmit 980 Hz for 200 ms followed silence for 7 s. | +| Pass criteria: | The TUT should begin probing $5.5\pm 0.5$ seconds after the 980 Hz signal is removed. | +| Comments: | It is assumed that timer Ta (3 seconds) is restarted on re-entering the Monitor A state. | + +##### III.5.4.3.15 5 Bit mode (Baudot) detection tests + +| | | +|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ANS-15 (a) to (d) | +| Purpose: | To confirm detection of Baudot modulation at various bit rates that may be encountered. | +| Preamble: | N/A | +| Method: | The tester transmits the 5-bit coded characters "0" to "9" followed by "abcdef" at (a) 45.45, (b) 47.6, (c) 50 and (d) 100 bits per second. When TUT indicates a connection, type at least 5 characters back to the tester so that correct selection of bit rate can be confirmed. | +| Pass criteria: |
  1. 1) The TUT should select Baudot mode and the appropriate bit rate.
  2. 2) The tester will analyse the bit rate of received characters, which should be at an appropriate rate, and confirm the carrier on/off times before and after the characters.
| +| Comments: |

45.45 and 50 bit/s are the commonly used Baudot bit rates. However, some textphones can transmit at higher rates, e.g. 100 bit/s. Responding at either 45.45 or 50 bit/s is acceptable to these devices which then fall back to the selected rate.

A rate of 47.6 bit/s may be encountered from another V.18 textphone in the automode answer state. The TUT may then select either 45.45 or 50 bit/s for the transmission.

| + +##### **III.5.4.3.16 DTMF signal detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-16 + +*Purpose:* To verify whether the TUT correctly recognizes DTMF signals. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will send a single DTMF tone of 40 ms duration to TUT. When TUT indicates a connection, type at least 5 characters back to the tester so that correct selection of mode can be confirmed. + +*Pass criteria:* Tester will analyse the received characters to confirm DTMF mode selection. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that it has selected DTMF mode. The DTMF capabilities of the TUT should comply with ITU-T Q.24 for the Danish Administration. + +##### **III.5.4.3.17 Bell 103 (1270 Hz signal) detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-17 + +*Purpose:* To ensure correct detection and selection of Bell 103 modems. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 1270 Hz to TUT for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* TUT should respond with 2225 Hz tone after $0.7 \pm 0.1$ s. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that Bell 103 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.3.18 Bell 103 (2225 Hz signal) detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-18 + +*Purpose:* To ensure correct detection and selection of Bell 103 modems in reverse mode. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 2225 Hz to TUT for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should respond with 1270 Hz after $1 \pm 0.2$ seconds. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that Bell 103 mode has been selected. Bell 103 modems use 2225 Hz as both answer tone and higher frequency of the upper channel. + +##### **III.5.4.3.19 V.21 Reverse mode (1650 Hz) detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-19 + +*Purpose:* To ensure correct detection and selection of V.21 reverse mode. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 1650 Hz to TUT for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should respond with 980 Hz after $0.4 \pm 0.2$ seconds. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.21 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.3.20 1300 Hz calling tone discrimination** + +*Identifier:* ANS-20 (a) to (d) + +*Purpose:* To confirm correct detection of 1300 Hz calling tones as defined in ITU-T V.25. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will send 1300 Hz bursts of (a) 400 ms, (b) 500 ms, (c) 700 ms and (d) 800 ms followed by 1 second of silence. + +*Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should not respond to bursts of 400 or 800 ms. +2) The TUT should immediately begin probing after a burst of 1300 Hz for 500 or 700 ms followed by 1 second of silence. + +*Comments:* The probe sent by the TUT will depend on the country setting. + +##### **III.5.4.3.21 V.23 Reverse mode (1300 Hz) detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-21 + +*Purpose:* To ensure correct detection and selection of V.23 reverse mode. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends 1300 Hz only, with no XCI signals, to TUT for 5 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should respond with 390 Hz after $1.7 \pm 0.1$ seconds. + +*Comments:* The TUT should indicate that V.23 mode has been selected. + +##### **III.5.4.3.22 1300 Hz with XCI test** + +*Identifier:* ANS-22 + +*Purpose:* To ensure correct detection of the XCI signal and selection of V.18 mode. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester sends XCI signal as defined in 3.11. On reception of ANS it will become silent for 500 ms then transmit the TXP signal in V.21 (1) mode. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should respond with TXP using V.21 (2) and select V.18 mode. + +##### **III.5.4.3.23 Stimulate mode country settings** + +*Identifier:* ANS-23 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT steps through the probes in the specified order for the country selected. + +*Preamble:* The TUT should be configured for each of the possible probe orders specified in Appendix I in turn. + +*Method:* The tester will call the TUT, wait for $T_a$ to expire and then monitor the probes sent by the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should use the orders described in Appendix I. + +*Comments:* The order of the probes is not mandatory. + +##### **III.5.4.3.24 Stimulate carrierless mode probe message** + +*Identifier:* ANS-24 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT sends the correct probe message for each of the carrierless modes. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester will call the TUT, wait for $T_a$ to expire and then monitor the probes sent by the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should send the user defined probe message for Annexes A, B, and C modes followed by a pause of $T_m$ (default 3) seconds. + +*Comments:* The carrierless modes are those described in Annexes A, B and C. + +##### **III.5.4.3.25 Interrupted carrierless mode probe** + +*Identifier:* ANS-25 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT continues probing from the point of interruption a maximum of 20 s after a failed connect attempt. + +*Preamble:* The TUT should be configured for the UK country setting. + +*Method:* The tester will call the TUT, wait for $T_a$ to expire and then during the pause after the first Baudot probe it will send a 200 ms burst of 1270 Hz followed by silence for 30 s. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should transmit silence on detecting the 1270 Hz tone and then continue probing starting with the V.23 probe 20 seconds after the end of the 1270 Hz signal. + +##### **III.5.4.3.26 Stimulate carrier mode probe time** + +*Identifier:* ANS-26 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT sends each carrier mode for time $T_c$ (default 6 seconds) preceded by the correct answer tone. + +*Preamble:* None. + +*Method:* The tester will call the TUT, wait for $T_a$ to expire and then monitor the probes sent by the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* The TUT should send the ANS tone (2100 Hz) for 1 second followed by silence for $75 \pm 5$ ms and then the 1650 Hz, 1300 Hz and 2225 Hz probes for time $T_c$ . + +*Comments:* The carrier modes are those described in Annexes D, E, and F. + +##### **III.5.4.3.27 V.23 mode (390 Hz) detection** + +*Identifier:* ANS-27 + +*Purpose:* To confirm correct selection of V.23 mode. + +*Preamble:* N/A + +*Method:* The tester waits until the 1300 Hz probe is detected from the TUT and then transmits 390 Hz for 11 seconds. + +*Pass criteria:* + +- 1) After 3 seconds of the 390 Hz signal the TUT should indicate that V.23 has been selected. +- 2) The tester will confirm that the 1300 Hz carrier is maintained for at least 4 seconds beyond the normal probe duration, i.e. $T_c$ (= 6 s default) + 4 s = 10 seconds total. + +*Comments:* All known V.23 devices need to receive 1300 Hz tone before they will respond with 390 Hz. When the 1300 Hz probe is not being transmitted, a 390 Hz tone may be interpreted as a 400 Hz network tone. + +##### **III.5.4.3.28 Interrupted carrier mode probe** + +*Identifier:* ANS-28 + +*Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT continues probing from the point of interruption a maximum of 4 s after a failed connect attempt. + +*Preamble:* The TUT should be configured for the UK country setting. + +- Method:* The tester will call the TUT, wait for Ta to expire and then during the first V.21 probe it will send a 200 ms burst of 1270 Hz followed by silence for 30 s. +- Pass criteria:* The TUT should transmit silence on detecting the 1270 Hz tone and then continue probing with the Baudot stored message 4 seconds after the end of the 1270 Hz burst. +- Comments:* It is most likely that the TUT will return to probing time Ta (3 seconds) after the 1270 Hz tone ceases. This condition needs further clarification. + +##### **III.5.4.3.29 Stimulate mode response during probe** + +- Identifier:* ANS-29 +- Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT is able to detect an incoming signal while transmitting a carrier mode probe. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester will step through each possible response as defined in tests ANS-08 to ANS-23 for each of the carrier mode probes and for each pause after a carrierless mode probe message. +- Pass criteria:* The TUT should respond as described in the appropriate test above. +- Comments:* The TUT may not respond to any signals while a carrierless mode probe is being sent since these modes are half duplex. + +##### **III.5.4.3.30 Immunity to network tones** + +- Identifier:* ANS-30 +- Purpose:* To ensure that the TUT does not interpret network tones as valid signals. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester will first send a busy tone to the TUT this will be followed by a number unobtainable tone. The frequencies and cadences of the tones will vary according to the country setting. The tester must be configured for the same country as the TUT. +- Pass criteria:* The countries supported by the TUT should be noted along with the response to each tone. The tones should either be ignored or reported as the relevant network tone to the user. +- Comments:* V.18 is required to recognize and report RINGING and BUSY tones. Other network tones may be ignored. Some devices may only provide a visual indication of the presence and cadence of the tones for instance by a flashing light. + +##### **III.5.4.3.31 Immunity to fax calling tones** + +- Identifier:* ANS-31 +- Purpose:* To determine whether the TUT can discriminate fax calling tones. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester will call the TUT and send the fax calling tone, CNG. This is an 1100 Hz tone with cadence of 0.5 seconds ON and 3 seconds OFF as defined in ITU-T T.30. +- Pass criteria:* The TUT should not respond to this signal and may report it as being a calling fax machine. +- Comments:* This is an optional test as detection of the fax calling tone is not required by ITU-T V.18. + +##### **III.5.4.3.32 Immunity to voice** + +| | | +|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ANS-32 | +| Purpose: | To ensure that the TUT does not misinterpret speech as a valid textphone signal. | +| Preamble: | N/A | +| Method: | The tester will respond with sampled speech. A number of phrases recorded from typical male and female speakers will be transmitted. This will include a typical network announcement. | +| Pass criteria: | The TUT should ignore the speech. | +| Comments: | Ideally the TUT should report the presence of speech back to the user. This is an optional test. | + +##### **III.5.4.3.33 CM detection and V.8 answering** + +| | | +|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | ANS-33 | +| Purpose: | To confirm that the TUT will respond correctly to CM signals and connect according to V.8 procedures. | +| Preamble: | N/A | +| Method: | The tester will transmit 2 sequences of 4 CI patterns separated by 2 seconds. On reception of the ANSam tone the tester will wait 0.5 seconds and then begin transmitting the CM signal with textphone and V.21 specified. | +| Pass criteria: |
  1. 1) On reception of the CM signal, the TUT should transmit JM with textphone and V.21.
  2. 2) The TUT should then transmit in V.21 (2) mode.
  3. 3) The JM should be followed by continuous 1650 Hz.
  4. 4) Correct transmission and reception of T.140 data should be verified after the V.18 mode connection is completed.
| +| Comments: | The TUT should indicate V.18 mode. | + +##### **III.5.4.4 Automode monitor tests** + +For the following tests the TUT must be set to monitor mode as defined in 5.3 "Automodding Monitor Mode". These tests should be the same as the Automode Answer case except that the stimulate tests are not applicable and the calling tone test should result only in the TUT reporting the fact that a calling tone has been detected. + +###### **III.5.4.4.1 Automode monitor Ta timer test** + +| | | +|-----------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Identifier: | MON-21 | +| Purpose: | To ensure that on entering monitor mode, timer Ta (3 seconds) is not active and that the TUT does not enter the probing state. | +| Preamble: | N/A | +| Method: | The TUT should be put into monitor state. The tester will then monitor for signals for 1 minute. | +| Pass criteria: | The TUT should not start probing. | + +###### **III.5.4.4.2 Automode monitor 1300 Hz calling tone discrimination** + +- Identifier:* MON-22 (a) to (d) +- Purpose:* To confirm correct detection and reporting of 1300 Hz calling tones as defined in ITU-T V.25. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester will send 1300 Hz bursts of (a) 400 ms, (b) 500 ms, (c) 700 ms and (d) 800 ms followed by 1 second of silence. +- Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should not respond to bursts of 400 or 800 ms. +2) The TUT should report detection of calling tones to the DTE after a burst of 1300 Hz for 500 or 700 ms followed by 1 second of silence. +- Comments:* In automode answer, the 1300 Hz calling causes the DCE to start probing. In monitor mode it should only report detection to the DTE. + +##### **III.5.4.4.3 Automode monitor 980 Hz calling tone discrimination** + +- Identifier:* MON-23 (a) to (d) +- Purpose:* To confirm correct detection and reporting of 980 Hz calling tones as defined in ITU-T V.25. +- Preamble:* N/A +- Method:* The tester will send 980 Hz bursts of (a) 400 ms, (b) 500 ms, (c) 700 ms and (d) 800 ms followed by 1 second of silence. +- Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should not respond to bursts of 400 or 800 ms. +2) The TUT should report detection of calling tones to the DTE after a burst of 980 Hz for 500 or 700 ms followed by 1 second of silence. +- Comments:* In automode answer, the 980 Hz calling causes the DCE to start probing. In monitor mode it should only report detection to the DTE. + +##### **III.5.4.5 V.18 annexes tests** + +The following tests verify features required in Annexes A to F. + +##### **III.5.4.5.1 Baudot carrier timing and receiver disabling** + +- Identifier:* X-1 +- Purpose:* To verify that the TUT sends unmodulated carrier for 150 ms before a new character and disables its receiver for 300 ms after a character is transmitted. +- Preamble:* Establish a call between the tester and TUT in Baudot mode. +- Method:* The operator should send a single character from the TUT. The tester will immediately start sending a unique character sequence. Examination of the TUT display will show when its receiver is re-enabled. +- Pass criteria:* 1) The TUT should send unmodulated carrier for 150 ms before the beginning of the start bit. +2) The receiver should be re-enabled after 300 ms. +3) The tester will confirm that 1 start bit and at least 1.5 stop bits are used. +- Comments:* The carrier should be maintained during the 300 ms after a character. + +##### III.5.4.5.2 Baudot bit rate confirmation + +*Identifier:* X-2 (a) and (b) + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT uses the correct bit rates in the Baudot mode. + +*Preamble:* Establish a call between the tester and TUT in Baudot mode for each of the two tests. + +*Method:* The operator should select Baudot (a) 45 bit/s followed by (b) 50 bit/s modes and transmit the string "abcdef" at each rate. + +*Pass criteria:* The tester will measure the bit timings and confirm the rates. + +##### III.5.4.5.3 Baudot probe bit rate confirmation + +*Identifier:* X-3 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT uses the correct bit rates in the Baudot mode probe during automodding. + +*Preamble:* Set the user defined carrierless mode probe message to the string "abcdef" if possible. Set the TUT country setting to "United States". A call should be initiated from the tester to the TUT. + +*Method:* The tester will wait for the Baudot mode probe and measure the bit rate. + +*Pass criteria:* The tester will measure the bit timings and confirm the rate of 47.6 bit/s. + +*Comments:* The probe message must be long enough for the tester to establish the bit rate. "GA" may not be sufficient. + +##### III.5.4.5.4 5 Bit to T.50 character conversion + +*Identifier:* X-4 + +*Purpose:* To check that the character conversion tables in Annex A have been correctly implemented. + +*Preamble:* Establish a call between the tester and TUT in Baudot mode at 45 bit/s. + +*Method:* The tester will send all possible characters preceded by the relevant case shift command one at a time and wait for a response from the TUT operator. Each character should be responded to at the TUT by typing the received character or if the character is not available. + +*Pass criteria:* + +- 1) The tester will verify that each character is correctly echoed back by the TUT. The operator should verify that each character is correctly displayed on the TUT. +- 2) The TUT will send the LTRS symbol before its first character and the appropriate mode character (either LTRS or FIGS) after every 72 subsequent characters. + +*Comments:* The tester should indicate which character has been sent in each case. Some of the characters may not be available from the TUT keyboard and can be ignored. It is assumed that the character conversion is the same for Baudot at 50 bit/s and any other supported speed. + +##### III.5.4.5.5 DTMF receiver disabling + +*Identifier:* X-5 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT disables its DTMF receiver for 300 ms when a character is transmitted. + +- Preamble:* Establish a call between the tester and TUT in DTMF mode. +- Method:* The operator should send a single "e" character from the TUT which will result in sending a single DTMF tone to the tester. The tester will immediately start sending a unique character sequence using single DTMF tones. Examination of the TUT display will show when its receiver is re-enabled. +- Pass criteria:* The receiver should be re-enabled after 300 ms. + +##### **III.5.4.5.6 DTMF character conversion** + +- Identifier:* X-6 +- Purpose:* To check that the character conversion tables in Annex B have been correctly implemented. +- Preamble:* Establish a call between the tester and TUT in DTMF mode. +- Method:* The tester will send each character from the set in Annex B, waiting for a response after each one. Each character should be responded to at the TUT by typing the same character. +- Pass criteria:* The tester will verify that each character is correctly echoed back by the TUT. +- Comments:* The conversion table is specified in Annex B. The receiver at the tester may be re-enabled 100 ms after transmission of each character to maximize likelihood of receiving character from the TUT. It is assumed that the echo delay in the test system is negligible. + +##### **III.5.4.5.7 EDT carrier timing and receiver disabling** + +- Identifier:* X-7 +- Purpose:* To verify that the TUT sends unmodulated carrier for 300 ms before a character and disables its receiver for 300 ms after a character is transmitted. +- Preamble:* Establish a call between the tester and TUT in EDT mode. +- Method:* The operator should send a single character from the TUT. The tester will immediately start sending a unique character sequence. Examination of the TUT display will show when its receiver is re-enabled. +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) The TUT should send unmodulated carrier for 300 ms before the beginning of the start bit. + - 2) The receiver should be re-enabled after 300 ms. + - 3) The tester will confirm that 1 start bit and at least 1.5 stop bits are used. +- Comments:* The carrier should be maintained during the 300 ms after a character. + +##### **III.5.4.5.8 EDT bit rate and character structure** + +- Identifier:* X-8 +- Purpose:* To verify that the TUT uses the correct bit rate and character structure in the EDT mode. +- Preamble:* Establish a call between the tester and TUT in EDT mode. +- Method:* The operator should transmit the string "abcdef" from the TUT. +- Pass criteria:* +- 1) The tester should measure the bit timings and confirm that the rate is 110 bit/s. + - 2) The tester should confirm that 1 start bit, 7 data bits, 1 even parity bit and 2 stop bits are used. + +##### **III.5.4.5.9 V.23 calling mode character format** + +*Identifier:* X-9 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT uses the correct character format in the V.23 calling mode. + +*Preamble:* Establish a call from the TUT to the tester in V.23 mode. + +*Method:* The operator should transmit the string "abcdef" from the TUT. The tester will echo characters back to the TUT as they are received. The tester will then transmit the string "abcdef" with ODD parity to the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* + +- 1) Confirm that 1 start bit, 7 data bits, 1 even parity bit and 2 stop bits are transmitted. +- 2) The operator should confirm that there is no local echo at the TUT by checking that there are no duplicate characters on the TUT display. +- 3) The received string should be correctly displayed despite the incorrect parity. + +##### **III.5.4.5.10 V.23 answer mode character format** + +*Identifier:* X-10 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT uses the correct character format in the V.23 answer mode. + +*Preamble:* Establish a call from the tester to the TUT in V.23 mode. + +*Method:* The tester will transmit the string "abcdef" with ODD parity. The TUT should echo characters back to the tester as they are received. The operator should then transmit the string "abcdef" from the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* + +- 1) The received string should be correctly displayed at the TUT despite the incorrect parity. +- 2) Confirm that 1 start bit, 7 data bits, 1 even parity bit and 2 stop bits are transmitted by the TUT. +- 3) The tester should confirm that there is remote echo from TUT. +- 4) The operator should confirm that there is local echo on the TUT. + +*Comments:* This test is only applicable to Minitel *Dialogue* terminals. Prestel and Minitel *Normal* terminals cannot operate in this mode. + +##### **III.5.4.5.11 V.21 character structure** + +*Identifier:* X-11 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT uses the character structure in the V.21 mode. + +*Preamble:* Establish a call from the TUT to the tester in V.21 mode. + +*Method:* The operator should transmit a string from the TUT that is long enough to cause the display to word wrap followed by "abcdef", new line (CR+LF). The tester will then transmit the string "123456", BACKSPACE (0/8) with ODD parity to the TUT. + +*Pass criteria:* + +- 1) The tester should confirm that 1 start bit, 7 data bits, 1 even parity bit and 1 stop bits are transmitted. +- 2) The word wrap should not result in CR+LF. +- 3) The forced new line should be indicated by CR+LF. +- 4) The last five characters on the TUT display should be "12345" (no "6") correctly displayed despite the incorrect parity. + +##### **III.5.4.5.12 V.18 mode** + +*Identifier:* X-12 + +*Purpose:* To verify that the TUT uses the protocol defined in ITU-T T.140. + +*Preamble:* Establish a call from the TUT to the tester in V.18 mode. + +*Method:* The operator should transmit a string from the TUT that is long enough to cause the display to word wrap followed by "abcdef", new line (CR+LF), new line (UNICODE preferred). The tester will then transmit the string "123456", BACKSPACE. + +*Pass criteria:* The tester should confirm UTF8 encoded UNICODE characters are used with the controls specified in ITU-T T.140. + +# SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure and Internet protocol aspects | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.19-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.19-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..66412856f54ae0b24854202e8f031f6a04b88ee0 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.19-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a7cafe25d563af62a326eb0e9930129524893e0fb16cb431aacd25f8ed54ed31 +size 7392 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.19-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/V/T-REC-V.19-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8af659475b70f19993a78cb9cfda3d5b2dad1486 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.19-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ + + +![ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the top left corner. It features a stylized globe with the letters 'ITU' in a bold, sans-serif font. A lightning bolt is depicted striking the globe from the top left. + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +**ITU-T** + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +**V.19** + +# **DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +## --- **MODEMS FOR PARALLEL DATA TRANSMISSION USING TELEPHONE SIGNALLING FREQUENCIES** + +### **ITU-T Recommendation V.19** + +(Extract from the *Blue Book*) + +--- + +## NOTES + +1 ITU-T Recommendation V.19 was published in Fascicle VIII.1 of the *Blue Book*. This file is an extract from the *Blue Book*. While the presentation and layout of the text might be slightly different from the *Blue Book* version, the contents of the file are identical to the *Blue Book* version and copyright conditions remain unchanged (see below). + +2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## **MODEMS FOR PARALLEL DATA TRANSMISSION USING TELEPHONE SIGNALLING FREQUENCIES** + +*(Geneva, 1976; amended at Malaga-Torremolinos, 1984)* + +Systems for parallel data transmission can be used economically when the transmitting sets (outstations) use the signalling frequencies of push-button telephone sets to transmit data to a central receiving set (instation) via the switched telephone network. + +## **1 Scope** + +In many networks, the introduction of keyboard telephone sets allows simple, one-way data transmission at speeds up to about 10 characters per second to be made from a large number of push-button telephone sets serving as outstations to a common instation, via the general switched telephone network. Transmissions in the instation-to-outstation direction are generally confined to simple acoustic signals and voice replies. + +The CCITT therefore + +*unanimously recommends* + +that the modems to be used for stations operating in the general switched telephone network should meet the specifications shown below. + +## **2 General characteristics** + +### **2.1 Data channel** + +The transmission system uses two sets of frequencies in accordance with Recommendation Q.23 [1]. Each character is transmitted in the form of two simultaneously transmitted frequencies. These two frequencies belong to two separate sub-assemblies. Each of these two assemblies consists of four frequencies ["2 (1/4)" code]. This coding can thus be used to transmit 16 different character combinations and perhaps more (see Note). + +The actual transmission consists in sending a frequency pair for a time greater than 30 ms, followed by a silence period of not less than 25 ms. + +*Note* - In order to stretch the set of characters, several frequency pairs may be transmitted before the silence period. It should be noted that in this case character coding and decoding will not be effected by the DCE but by the DTE. + +### **2.2 Backward channel** + +The following possibilities might be considered: + +- a) a telephone channel not simultaneous with data transmission in the forward direction; +- b) a backward channel for audible signalling; +- c) a backward channel for electrical signalling. + +Possibilities b) and c) are provided on a basis of non-simultaneity or, optionally, simultaneity with the data transmission channels in the forward direction. + +A loudspeaker will be built into the outstation modem. Optionally, a continuous signalling output may be provided. If the national regulations permit, an output for response to the channel may also be provided as an option. + +## 3 Frequency assignments + +### 3.1 Data transmission channel + +The 2 groups of 4 frequencies specified in Recommendation Q.23 [1] are defined as follows: + +- low group frequencies: 697, 770, 852, 941 Hz; +- high group frequencies: 1209, 1336, 1477, 1633 Hz. + +The frequency pairs are assigned to the different digits as shown in Table 1/V.19. + +TABLE 1/V.19 + +| | B 1 = 1209 Hz | B 2 = 1336 Hz | B 3 = 1477 Hz | B 4 = 1633 Hz | +|-------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------------| +| A 1 = 697 Hz | 1 | 2 | 3 | A | +| A 2 = 770 Hz | 4 | 5 | 6 | B | +| A 3 = 852 Hz | 7 | 8 | 9 | C | +| A 4 = 941 Hz | * | 0 | # | D | + +### 3.2 Backward channel + +For audible signals and electrical signalling, the backward channel frequency will be 420 Hz. This frequency may be amplitude-modulated at a rate of up to 5 bauds. + +Use may also be made of an FM backward channel similar to that of the Recommendation V.23 type modem, or of the No. 2 transmission channel of a Recommendation V.21 type modem (if the frequency 1633 Hz is not used). These two types of backward channel may be used at the same time as the data frequencies in the forward direction; the use of these backward channels is optional. + +## 4 Tolerances + +### 4.1 Data frequency tolerances + +The data frequency tolerances are defined in Recommendation Q.23 [1]; the difference between each frequency and its nominal frequency must not exceed $\pm 1.8\%$ of the nominal frequency. Apart from this tolerance of $\pm 1.8\%$ on transmission, the instation receiver should be able to accept a difference of $\pm 6$ Hz due to the carrier systems. + +### 4.2 Frequency tolerance on backward channel + +The tolerance of 420 Hz on the backward channel should be $\pm 4$ Hz; the receiver of the outstation should also be able to accept a difference of $\pm 6$ Hz due to the carrier systems. + +## 5 Line power levels + +On the basis of Recommendation V.2, the following maximum power levels are recommended for each frequency transmitted, measured at the relative zero point: + +- 13 dBm0 for the data transmission channel without the simultaneous backward channel; +- 16 dBm0 for the data transmission channel with the simultaneous backward channel; +- 10 dBm0 for the non-simultaneous backward channel; +- 16 dBm0 for the simultaneous backward channel. + +## 6 **Power levels on reception** + +In view of the provision of Recommendation V.2 and the statistical values of the maximum transmission loss between subscribers, it is recommended that the instation receiver should be able to detect frequency pairs received at $-45$ dBm. + +*Note* - Studies should be continued with a view to permitting levels on reception below $-45$ dBm. + +## 7 **Character reception** + +A character will be detected and delivered to the DTE interface if, and only if, the two frequencies corresponding to the character are detected and are stable for at least 10 ms. + +The silent period will be detected and delivered to the DTE interface if no frequency belonging to the code appears for at least 10 ms. + +*Note* - During silent periods, the microphone of the telephone set is connected to the telephone line, so that interfering signals (ambient noise, speech) may be received. The receiver must be fitted with devices capable of distinguishing between these interfering signals and data signals (speech protection). It would be advisable to study further the method of assessing receiver response to the simulation of data signals by interfering signals. A reproducible test signal should be defined, so that comparable measurements can be made. + +## 8 **Detection of line signal received on the data channel** + +Circuit 109 must be in the ON position when a character is received, the circuit may be switched from ON to OFF: + +- 1) on detection of the silent period; +- 2) after a time-out of $60 \pm 10$ ms following detection of the silent period. + +## 9 **Timing for characters received** + +By its very principle, the system is asynchronous; however, it may be useful to provide the DTE, on an optional basis, with a signal which indicates the sampling times of the data wires. In this case, it is advisable to use circuit 131, which will switch from OFF to ON when the character reaches the interface, and then back to OFF after a time $T$ . This time will be chosen in such a way that the data are stable at the DTE interface. + +The value $T = 15$ ms may be recommended by way of example. + +This clock may optionally be disabled on reception of a silent period. + +## 10 **Interface of instation modem** + +The functional characteristics of the interchange circuits concerned are as defined in Recommendation V.24 (see Note 1). + +### 10.1 *List of interchange circuits concerned* + +- | | | +|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 102 | Signal ground or common return | +| 104 | Received data [8 circuits. These circuits are designated $A_1, A_2 \dots B_4$ according to their correspondence with the relevant frequency in Table 1/V.19 (see Note 2 below)] | +| 105 | Request to send (see Note 3 below) | +| 107 | Data set ready | +| 108/1 | Connect data set to line (see Note 4 below) | +| 108/2 | Data terminal ready (see Note 4 below) | +| 109 | Data channel received line signal detector | + +- 125     Calling indicator +- 130     Transmit backward tone +- 191     Transmitted voice answer (see Note 3 below) + +The following interchange circuits are optional: + +- 110     Data signal quality detector +- 131     Received character timing + +*Note 1* - Manufacturers who marketed a modem of this type prior to the publication of this Recommendation may regard the interface defined in this paragraph as optional. + +*Note 2* - To make the interface compatible with the relevant specifications of Recommendation V.20, the combination A4, B4 may be transmitted on circuit 104 instead of a pause ("1" on all circuits), provided circuit 107 is in the ON position and circuit 105 is in the OFF position. This simulated idle combination is optional. + +*Note 3* - These circuits are required if the "telephone channel" facility is provided in the modem. The electrical characteristics of interchange circuit 191 are still under study. + +*Note 4* - Circuit 108 must be available either as circuit 108/1 - *Connect data set to line*, or as circuit 108/2 - *Data terminal ready*. + +### 10.2     *Electrical characteristics of interchange circuits* + +Use of electrical characteristics conforming to Recommendation V.28 is recommended together with the connector and pin assignment plan specified by ISO 2110. + +*Note* - Manufacturers may wish to note that the long-term objective is to replace electrical characteristics specified in Recommendation V.28, and that Study Group XVII has agreed that the work shall proceed to develop a more efficient, all balanced, interface for the V-Series application which minimizes the number of interchange circuits. + +## 11        **Interface of outstation modems** + +In view of the purpose of these modems, which are or will be more or less integrated in economic terminals, the specification of the interface is liable to result in a much higher equipment cost. Hence no interface is recommended. + +## **Reference** + +- [1]     CCITT Recommendation *Technical features of push-button telephone sets*, Rec. 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Telecommunication Union'](84a1d09fb489061482111515543b60dc_img.jpg) + +The logo of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is located in the bottom right corner. It features a blue globe with two red lightning bolts striking it. To the right of the globe, the text "ITU" is written in a large, bold, blue font, and below it, the words "International Telecommunication Union" are written in a smaller, blue font. + +ITU logo: a blue globe with red lightning bolts and the text 'ITU International Telecommunication Union' + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS **DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General | V.1–V.9 | +| Interfaces and voiceband modems | V.10–V.34 | +| Wideband modems | V.35–V.39 | +| Error control | V.40–V.49 | +| Transmission quality and maintenance | V.50–V.59 | +| Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals | V.60–V.99 | +| Interworking with other networks | V.100–V.199 | +| Interface layer specifications for data communication | V.200–V.249 | +| Control procedures | V.250–V.299 | +| Modems on digital circuits | V.300–V.399 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +# **Recommendation ITU-T V.254** + +# **Asynchronous serial command interface for assistive and multi-functional communication devices** + +## **Summary** + +Recommendation ITU-T V.254 is applicable to the interconnection of multi-functional communication devices (such as mobile phones) with devices intended to provide assistive capabilities for those communication devices. It defines a range of serial binary commands that comply to the format and general rules of Recommendation ITU-T V.250 via a range of suitable interfaces. + +## **History** + +| Edition | Recommendation | Approval | Study Group | +|---------|----------------|------------|-------------| +| 1.0 | ITU-T V.254 | 2010-09-13 | 16 | + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at . + +© ITU 2011 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 1 | +| 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere..... | 1 | +| 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation..... | 1 | +| 4 Abbreviations and acronyms ..... | 2 | +| 5 Conventions on error codes ..... | 2 | +| 6 Assistive device commands..... | 2 | +| 6.1 Calendar..... | 2 | +| 6.2 Modify display parameters ..... | 3 | +| 6.3 Cursor control..... | 4 | +| 6.4 Menu..... | 6 | +| 6.5 Screen ..... | 8 | +| 6.6 Speech-to-text..... | 8 | +| 6.7 Text telephony ..... | 9 | +| 6.8 Text-to-speech ..... | 10 | +| 6.9 Time-out ..... | 11 | +| 6.10 Volume ..... | 11 | +| Appendix I – Mobile device functionality and their commands..... | 13 | +| Bibliography..... | 16 | + + + +# Recommendation ITU-T V.254 + +## Asynchronous serial command interface for assistive and multi-functional communication devices + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation builds upon the current asynchronous DCE control in [ITU-T V.250] to include command protocols that support the interfacing of assistive controlling devices with communication devices over a range of suitable serial binary data interfaces. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. + +- [ITU-T V.250] Recommendation ITU-T V.250 (2003), *Serial asynchronous automatic dialling and control*. +- [ETSI TS 127 007] ETSI TS 127 007 V9.4.0 (2010), *Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; AT command set for User Equipment (UE)*. +- [ISO 639-1] ISO 639-1 (2002), *Codes for the representation of names of languages – Part 1: Alpha-2 code*. +- [ISO 639-2] ISO 639-2 (1998), *Codes for the representation of names of languages – Part 2: Alpha-3 code*. +- [ISO/IEC 24751-2] ISO/IEC 24751-2 (2008), *Information technology - Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training – Part 2: "Access for all" personal needs and preferences for digital delivery*. + +# 3 Definitions + +## 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere + +None. + +## 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**3.2.1 assistive technology device:** Device used by a person with disabilities to prevent, compensate, relieve or neutralize any resulting handicap and that has the ability to interface to an ICT device. + +NOTE – The term "external device" is used for either a mobile external device or an assistive technology device. + +**3.2.2 object exchange protocol:** Protocol for the exchange of data objects between devices. + +# 4 Abbreviations and acronyms + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: + +| | | +|------|------------------------------| +| AT | Attention | +| IrDA | Infrared Data Association | +| MMS | Multimedia Messaging Service | +| OBEX | Object Exchange | +| SMS | Short Message Service | +| USB | Universal Serial Bus | + +# 5 Conventions on error codes + +Refer to clause 9.2 of [ETSI TS 127 007] for general information on the use of error codes in assistive devices. + +# 6 Assistive device commands + +Some communication devices provide users with a variety of applications (e.g., games, navigation and location tracking, photograph manipulation, currency conversion) either built-in when purchased, or added later. The use of application functionality at a content and information level is beyond the scope of this Recommendation, but all applications should provide input, output and control functionality that is usable by all users. + +The following clauses define ITU-T V.250-like commands that allow assistive devices to interact with multi-functional communication devices over a serial binary data interface. + +## 6.1 Calendar + +The following sets of commands allow users to be able to use a calendar function on a multi-functional communication device, including reading and writing calendar objects. + +#### 6.1.1 Read vCalendar + +Execute syntax: **+CCALR=, ** + +Description: This command causes the reading of vCalendar information within the parameters specified. + +The results are the vCalendar objects between the ****, and ****. There can be any number of calendar objects. + +Defined values: None. + +Result codes: **,,,..., OK** +**+CCALR ERROR: ** + +Read syntax: Same as the Execute syntax. + +Test syntax: **+CCALR=?** + +If the functionality is supported, the response is **, ** + +Implementation: Calendar information is transferred using the vCalendar format. + +#### 6.1.2 Write vCalendar + +| | | +|-----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| +| Execute syntax: | +CCALW=<vCalendar> | +| Description: | The +CCALW command writes vCalendar objects. | +| Defined values: | <vCalendar> : vCalendar exchange format. | +| Result codes: | +CCALW: OK
+CCALW: ERROR: <error code> | +| Read syntax: | None. | +| Test syntax: | +CCALW=? | +| Implementation: | Calendar information is transferred using the vCalendar format. | + +### 6.2 Modify display parameters + +The following command set supports the reading and modification of a display appearance. This includes character and background colour, and the font size. + +#### 6.2.1 Read or write current font colour + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Execute syntax: | +CFCLR=<R>,<G>,<B> | +| Description: | The +CFCLR command sets font/text colours of a visual display. | +| Defined values: | <R> : The value of the red colour component, in the range 0..255
<G> : The value of the green colour component, in the range 0..255
<B> : The value of the blue colour component, in the range 0..255 | +| Result codes: | +CFCLR: OK
+CFCLR ERROR: <error code> | +| Read syntax: | +CFCLR?

The receiving device shall transmit one or two strings of information text to the assistive device, consisting of:
+CFCLR:<R>,<G>,<B> | +| Test syntax: | +CFCLR=?

Response consists of three integers in the range 0..255 representing the <R> , <G> , <B> colour components | + +#### 6.2.2 Read and modify font size + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Execute syntax: | +CFSZ=<font size> | +| Description: | The +CFSZ command allows an assistive device to read and modify the font size of characters used on display of a multi-functional communication device. | +| Defined values: | <font size> is the preferred font size in pixels. The maximum value of <font size> depends of the capability of the device. | +| Result codes: | +CFSZ: OK
+CFSZ ERROR: <error code> | + +Read syntax:       **+CFSZ?** + +The response to this query is the current font size of the text being displayed on the communication device. + +**+CFSZ: ** + +where is from 1 - Max . + +Test syntax:       **+CFSZ=?** + +#### **6.2.3 Read or modify background colour** + +Execute syntax:    **+CBKG=,,** + +Description:       The **+CBKG** command sets the background colours of the display of a multi-functional communication device. + +Defined values:    ****: The value of the colour red, in the range 0..255 +                     ****: The value of the colour green, in the range 0..255 +                     ****: The value of the colour blue, in the range 0..255 + +Result codes:      **+CBKG: OK** +                     **+CBKG ERROR: ** + +Read syntax:       **+CBKG?** + +The response to this query is the current background colour set of the display of the communication device: + +**+CBKG=,,** + +Test syntax:       **+CBKG=?** + +### **6.3 Cursor control** + +Mobility-impaired users may need alternative pointing devices to control the on-screen cursor/pointer. The user shall be able to make a click on a specific coordinate X, Y. The clicks can be various numbers such as single click or double click. Clicks can be done with various buttons, so the buttons being used for the click may also be defined. + +#### **6.3.1 Pointing device click** + +Execute syntax:    **+CCLIK=,,,** + +Description:       This command provides the option to click on a specific coordinate X, Y with alternative pointing devices. The clicks can be various numbers such as for single click or double click. + +Defined values:    ****: Integer representing the coordinate in the x-direction. +                     ****: Integer representing the coordinate in the y-direction. +                     ****: Number of clicks. +                     **** Defines what button is used for the click. + +Result codes:      **+CCLIK: OK** +                     **+CCLIK ERROR: ** + +Read syntax:       **+CCLIK?** + +The response to this command is **** + +Test syntax:           **+CCLIK=?** + +The response to this command is the following string: + +**Max , Max , Max , Max ** + +#### 6.3.2 Pointing device move + +Execute syntax:       **+CMOV=,** + +Description:           This command allows the user to be able to move the cursor to a specific coordinate X, Y. This command can be used several times in order to show the motion. + +Defined values:       : Integer representing the coordinate in the x-direction. + +                          : Integer representing the coordinate in the y-direction. + +Result codes:         **+CMOV: OK** + +**+CMOV ERROR: ** + +Read syntax:           **+CMOV?** + +**OK** + +Test syntax:           **+CMOV=?** + +The response to this command is the following string: + +**Max , Max ** + +#### 6.3.3 Pointing device drag + +Execute syntax:       **+CDRG=,, ** + +Description:           The user shall be able to drag something with the cursor to a specific coordinate X, Y. This command can be used several times in order to show the motion. + +Defined values:        is an integer representing the coordinate in the x-direction. The value range is 0..Max, where Max depends on the device capability. + +                           is an integer representing the coordinate in the y-direction, with a value in the range 0..Max. + +                           is an integer value that represents the status of the drag operation: + +**0** Start Drag + +**1** Move Drag + +**2** Release Drag + +**9** No Drag (Cancelling of the drag operation, e.g., by pressing ESC) + +Result codes:         **+CDRG: OK** + +**+CDRG ERROR: ** + +Read syntax:           **+CDRG?** + +**OK** + +Test syntax:           **+CDRG=?** + +The response to this command is the following string: + +**Max , Max , ** + +Example: The following illustrates an example sequence of commands (in the order listed below): + +AT+CDRG=27, 39, 0 (27 is X coordinate, 39 is Y coordinate and 0 is Start Drag) + +AT+CDRG=30, 42, 1 + +AT+CDRG=35, 47, 1 + +AT+CDRG=40, 52, 1 + +AT+CDRG=45, 57, 1 + +AT+CDRG=50, 62, 2 (50 is X coordinate, 62 is Y coordinate and 2 is Release Drag) + +### 6.4 Menu + +The purpose of the functionality for this set of commands is to the means to customize and provide menus that suit user needs. + +NOTE – Several menus could have the same name, therefore it is necessary that menus have a unique numeric identifier. + +#### 6.4.1 Notification of menu changes + +Execute syntax: **+CMEN=** + +Description: Set command controls the presentation of an unsolicited result code + +**+CMEN: , , , , , ..., ** + +Each time there is a change in the menu on the mobile, the unsolicited result code is transmitted to the external device. + +****: Integer defining the unique identifier of the menu. + +****: Text string. + +****: Integer indicating which of the menu items is highlighted. The menu items are numbered from 1 to N. The value 0 indicates that no item is highlighted. + +**** consists of the following: + +** = ,,** + +****: text string + +****: + +| | | +|---|-----------------------------| +| 0 | normal item (in plain text) | +| 1 | radio button | +| 2 | checkbox | + +****: + +| | | +|---|------------| +| 0 | not ticked | +| 1 | ticked | + +NOTE 1 – The **** is only relevant when the **** is a radio button or checkbox. + +NOTE 2 – Menus can be displayed as a list of items or as a set of icons on the multi-functional communication device. However, the logical representation will remain as defined in the present clauses. + +Examples: + +- 1) "Main menu", "Phone book", "text", "", "Messaging", "text", "", etc. +- 2) "Ask to save", "On", "radio", "unselected", "Off", "radio", "selected" + +Defined values:    :    0    Turn off menu notification. +                           1    Turn on menu notification. + +Result codes:        +CMEN:, , , , ,..., +                           +CMEN ERROR: + +Read syntax:        +CMEN? + +Table 1 provides the +CMEN syntax. + +Test syntax:         +CMEN=? + +**Table 1 – +CMEN parameter command syntax** + +| +CMEN command with sub-command | Command | Possible response(s) | +|--------------------------------|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Execute command: | +CMEN= | +CMEN: OK
+CMEN ERROR: | +| Unsolicited result code: | N/A | +CMEN :, , , , , | +| Read command | +CMEN? | +CMEN= | +| Test command | +CMEN=? | | + +#### 6.4.2 Navigating on the external device + +Execute syntax:     +CNMEN=, + +Description:        The external device provides the communication device with the user interactions when navigating in menus. + +Defined values:     :       Integer defining the unique identifier of the menu. +                           :    0    back to previous menu (if any) +                                           1    highlight next menu item +                                           2    highlight previous menu item +                                           3    Select/change status of current menu item +                                               (e.g., select current menu item or tick checkbox or radio button if not ticked) + +Result codes:        +CNMEN: OK +                           +CNMEN ERROR: + +Read syntax:        None. + +Test syntax:         +CNMEN=? + +### 6.5 Screen + +For persons with vision impairments, it would be very useful if a copy of the screen could be shown in a larger size on the external device. It would also be useful if the contents of the screen as well as the screen dump could be rotated. + +This functionality is useful in a range of situations, such as watching MMS or when navigating in menus (in case the external device cannot deal with the AT command for menus). + +#### 6.5.1 Send screen dump + +Execute syntax: **+CDMP= , ** + +Description: The "send screen dump" functionality sends the screen dump from the communication device to the external device, which can then be presented in a bigger size. This functionality shall send still pictures, but these could be updated according to the needs of each situation. The external device may chose to update the screen (using +CDMP=) in intervals or according to the user's interactions. + +The assistive device needs to get information on how many octets it will receive from the mobile device so that it knows when to stop receiving input. The mobile device provides information on the number of octets it will send and sends it in ****. The file received shall be in a standardized picture format, such as JPEG, GIF, BMP, PNG. + +Defined values: ****: An integer in the range 0..N, where N is the size in octets of the picture/screen dump. + +****: A delimited character string. + +Result codes: **+CDMP: , ** +**+CDMP ERROR: ** + +Read syntax: None. + +Test syntax: **+CDMP=?** + +### 6.6 Speech-to-text + +The ability of a mobile phone to convert speech-to-text would enable persons who are visually impaired or blind to easily enter text. + +#### 6.6.1 Enables speech-to-text + +Execute syntax: **+CSTT=** + +Description: The +CSTT command enables speech-to-text. + +Defined values: ****:   0     Speech-to-text off +                  1     Speech-to-text on + +Result codes: **+CSTT: OK** +**+CSTT ERROR: ** + +Read syntax: **+CSTT?** +**+CSTT: ** + +Test syntax: **+CSTT=?** + +### 6.7 Text telephony + +Users who are hard of hearing or deaf have traditionally used text telephony for communicating by typing text. Text telephony on an external device would provide users who are hard of hearing or deaf with a familiar and convenient way to communicate, especially when video telephony for some reason is not an option. + +#### 6.7.1 Sending text + +Execute syntax: **+CSTXT=, ** + +Description: An application will simulate the text telephony service from an assistive device. It will receive text character by character or, alternatively, a string of characters using the command **+CRTXT**. The user can communicate with one or more other parties. + +Defined values: ****: Contact identifier of the receiving party. + +****: The hexadecimal string representation of UTF-8. An example is seen in Table 2, where the word "Hello" is represented with the UTF-8 hexadecimal string "48656C6C6F". + +Result codes: **+CSTXT: OK** + +**+CSTXT ERROR: ** + +Unsolicited result code: + +**+CSTXT=** + +Read syntax: None. + +Test syntax: **+CSTXT=?** + +**Table 2 – Hexadecimal string representation of the word "Hello"** + +| Letters | H | e | l | l | o | +|----------------------------|----|----|----|----|----| +| Hexadecimal representation | 48 | 65 | 6C | 6C | 6F | + +#### 6.7.2 Receiving text + +Execute syntax: **+CRTXT=** + +Description: An application will simulate the text telephony service from an assistive device. It will receive text character by character or, alternatively, a string of characters using the command **+CRTXT**. The user can communicate with one or more other parties. + +Defined values: ****: State for text reception: +0 Turn off receiving text +1 Turn on receiving text + +Result codes: **+CRTXT: OK** + +**+CRTXT ERROR: ** + +Unsolicited result code: + +**+CRTXT=, ** + +****: Contact identifier of the originating party. + +****: The hexadecimal representation of the UTF-8 string. + +Read syntax:       **+CRTXT?** +                     Response is: +                     **+CRTXT: ** + Test syntax:       **+CRTXT=?** + +#### 6.7.3 Setting preference for real-time text + +Execute syntax:   **+CRTXT=** + Description:       This is an indication to the network of whether the real-time text medium shall be set up or not (if it is available). + Defined values:   ****:   Preference for real-time text: +                                   1    On +                                   0    Off + Result codes:     **+CRTXT: OK** +                     **+CRTXT ERROR: ** + Read syntax:       None. + Test syntax:       None. + +### 6.8 Text-to-speech + +Users shall be given the option to enable text-to-speech (TTS) on their communication device. For users with visual impairments, text-to-speech is a useful functionality. Settings for speech rate, spelling speed and number read-out (options for how numbers larger than four digits will be read) and language option will be available. + +In order to specify the natural language that is used by the text-to-speech (TTS) functionality, the parameter language is used. It is used as specified in [ISO 639-1] and [ISO 639-2]. The language codes are based upon the concept of a set of basic languages together with variants based upon the country in which they are used (e.g., French used in France is coded as "fr-FR", and when used in Canada is coded as "fr-CA"). + +#### 6.8.1 Configure text-to-speech service + +Execute syntax:   **+CTTS= ** + Description:       The +CTTS command indicates to the network if the text-to-speech service shall be set up or not (if it is available). + Defined values:   ****:       0    Text-to-speech off +                                   1    Text-to-speech on +                     ****:   0 to N, where N is the number of words per minute. Larger N values indicate increasing speed. Speech rate specifies the speed at which a synthetic voice reads selected text; see [ISO/IEC 24751-2], *reading rate*. +                     ****: 0 to N, where N is the number of characters per minute. A larger N value indicates higher speed. + +- :** 0 Single digits. Numbers longer than four digits can be read as single digits. + 1 Double digits. Numbers longer than four digits can be read as double digits. + 2 Whole numbers. Numbers longer than four digits can be read as whole numbers. +- :** Name of language, as specified in [ISO 639-1] or [ISO 639-2]. This parameter is used to specify the natural language that is used by the text-to-speech (TTS) functionality, as specified in the ISO 639 series. The language codes are based upon the concept of a set of basic languages together with variants based upon the country in which they are used (e.g., French used in France is coded as "fr-FR", and when used in Canada is coded as "fr-CA"). + +Result codes: **+CTTS: OK** +**+CTTS ERROR: ** + +Read syntax: **+CTTS?** + Response is: +**+CTTS: ** + +Test syntax: **+CTTS=?** + +### 6.9 Time-out + +The following commands allow for the control of time-outs. + +#### 6.9.1 Change time-out + +Execute syntax: **+CTOUT=** + +Description: The **+CTOUT** command multiplies all time factors by the factor **n**. + +Defined values: ****: multiply all time factors by the factor **n**. + +Result codes: **+CTOUT OK** +**+CTOUT ERROR: ** + +Read syntax: **+CTOUT?** + Response is: +**+CTOUT: **, where **n** is the current time factor value. + +Test syntax: **+CTOUT=?** + +## 6.10 Volume + +Media players (e.g., FM radio) on communication devices are increasingly popular and people with disabilities also desire to use that functionality. Users shall be able to change the volume of media played on the communication device. + +#### 6.10.1 Change volume + +Execute syntax:     **+CMVLM=** + +Description:        The **+CMVLM** command controls volume of media (e.g., FM radio). + +Defined values:     ****: Integer type value with manufacturer specific range (smallest value represents the lowest sound level). + +Result codes:       **+CMVLM: OK** +                       **+CMVLM ERROR: ** + +Read syntax:        **+CMVLM?** +                       Response is the current volume. + +Test syntax:         **+CMVLM=?** +                       Response is the list of supported volume values. + +## Appendix I + +## Mobile device functionality and their commands + +(This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) + +Table I.1 lists functionalities of typical mobile devices and the related standardized ITU-T V.250 commands. For some functions, standardized ITU-T V.250 commands are missing. + +**Table I.1 – Functionalities of typical mobile devices and related AT commands** + +| Function name | Description | Standardized AT commands | +|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Account management | Tools for managing the use of the mobile devices and the costs of service and application access and use | "+CNUM", "+CAOC", "+CACM", "+CMM", "+CPUC", "+CCWE" | +| Address/Phone Book | Manage and display address book entries, including speed dial configurations, and synchronization with external address books | "D", "+CPBS", "+CPBR", "+CPBF", "+CPBW" | +| Answer Phone/Voice Mail | Manage the storage and retrieval of answer phone messages | "+CRLP", "+CSTA", "D", "+CHUP", "+CBST", "+CR", "+CEER", "+CSNS", "+CSVM" | +| Applications | Downloading, installation and use of applications | Not available | +| Calculator | Enter data on the keypad and perform basic arithmetic functions for display on the screen | Not available | +| Calendar | Manage and display calendar entries, and synchronization with other external calendars (mostly controlled by OBEX) | "+CSDF" | +| Camera | Take, store, manage and distribute photos and video clips taken with the on-board camera | Not available | +| Clock | Manage the display and configuration of the clock, including alarm functions | "+CSTF", "+CCLK", "+CALA", "+CALD", "+CAPD", "+CTZU", "+CTZR" | +| Device configuration | Low level device management, including memory usage, battery usage, key assignment, etc. | "+CPBS", "+CSIL", "+CPAS", "+CFUN", "+CPIN", "+CBC", "+CSQ", "+CMEC", "+CKPD", "+CDIS", "+CIND", "+CMER", "+CSIM", "+CRSM", "+CSCC", "+CPWC", "+CLAN", "+CLAE", "+CSGT", "+CRMIC", "+CRMP", "+CMAR", "+CLAC", "+CPROT", "+CGLA", "+CRLA", "+CCHO", "+CCHC", "+CEAP", "+CERP", "+CUAD", "+CMEE", "+CME ERROR" | +| Device Connection | Control and configuration of device connection interfaces, including Bluetooth and USB | Not available | + +**Table I.1 – Functionalities of typical mobile devices and related AT commands** + +| Function name | Description | Standardized AT commands | +|-----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| E-Mail | Read, compose, edit and store e-mail messages | Not available | +| Games | Installation and playing of games, including hi-score and collaboration management | Not available | +| Location | GPS and MBS location functions, showing location on a map, and sending location via other services (e.g., e-mail or SMS) | Not available | +| Messages | Manage the creation, editing, sending and storage of messages | " +CRC", "+CIND" | +| Music Player | Manage the loading, storage and replay of music files | Not available | +| Network Configuration | Manage the selection of, and connection to a mobile network, including identification, closed user groups and multiparty calls. Includes Wireless LAN connection as well as GSM, GPRS, etc. | " +WS46", "+CREG", "+COPS", "+CLCK", "+CPWD", "+CLIR", "+COLP", "+CDIP", "+CCUG", "+CCFC", "+CCWA", "+CHLD", "+CTFR", "+CTFR", "+CSSN", "+CLCC", "+CPOL", "+CPLS", "+COPN", "+CAEMLPP", "+CPPS", "+CFCS", "+CAAP", "+CUUS1", "+CSQ", "+CIND", "+CGDCONT", "+CGDSCONT", "+CGTFT", "+CGQREQ", "+CGQMIN", "+CGEQREQ", "+CGEQMIN", "+CGEQNEG", "+CGATT", "+CGACT", "+CGCMOD", "+CGDATA", "+CGCLOSP" (Obsolete), "+CGPADDR", "+CGAUTO", "+CGANS", "+CGCLASS" (GPRS only), "+CGCLPAD" (GPRS only), "+CGEREP", "+CGREG", "+CGSMS" | +| Personalization | Control of the personalization functions of the devices, including volume settings, rings styles and display themes | " +CNUM", "+CALM", "+CRSL", "+CVIB", "+CLVL", "+CMUT" | +| Radio | Tune and listen to radio programs (FM or Internet) | Not available. | +| Video Phone Call | Place, receive and participate in video calls, including call control and administration (caller ID etc., call forwarding, etc.) | " +CSTA", "D", "+CHUP", "+CBST", "+CR", "+CEER", "+CRC", "+CSNS", "V.250", "+CIND" | +| Voice Control | Configuration and use of the voice control of the phone functions | " +CIND" | +| Voice Phone Call | Place, receive and participate in voice calls, including call control and administration (caller ID etc., call forwarding, etc.) | " +CSTA", "D", "+CHUP", "+CBST", "+CR", "+CEER", "+CRC", "+CSNS", "+CVHU", "V.250", "+CIND", "+CAJOIN", "+CAREJ", "+CAHLD", "+CAPTT", "+CAULEV", "+CALCC", "+CACSP", "+CANCHEV", "+COTDI", "+CGCS", "+CBCS" | + +**Table I.1 – Functionalities of typical mobile devices and related AT commands** + +| Function name | Description | Standardized AT commands | +|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Web Browsing | Access web based information, including the management of bookmarks. Includes the inputting of data into forms | "+CRLP", "+CSTA", "D", "+CHUP", "+CBST", "+CR", "+CEER", "+CSNS" | + +## Bibliography + +The following are non-normative references that contain information supporting this Recommendation. + +- [b-IrDA OBEX]      Infra-Red Data Association. *IrDA Object Exchange (OBEX) Protocol. Version 1.4.* + +- [b-IETF RFC 2445]    IETF RFC 2445 (1998), *Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar)*. + + + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Cable networks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| 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lightning bolt striking the globe. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.300 + +(07/99) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Modems on digital circuits + +--- + +**A 128 (144) kbit/s data circuit-terminating +equipment standardized for use on digital +point-to-point leased circuits** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.300 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS **DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| General | V.1–V.9 | +| Interfaces and voiceband modems | V.10–V.34 | +| Wideband modems | V.35–V.39 | +| Error control | V.40–V.49 | +| Transmission quality and maintenance | V.50–V.59 | +| Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals | V.60–V.99 | +| Interworking with other networks | V.100–V.199 | +| Interface layer specifications for data communication | V.200–V.249 | +| Control procedures | V.250–V.299 | +| Modems on digital circuits | V.300–V.399 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION V.300** + +## **A 128 (144) kbit/s DATA CIRCUIT-TERMINATING EQUIPMENT STANDARDIZED FOR USE ON DIGITAL POINT-TO-POINT LEASED CIRCUITS** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies the necessary functions of a 64, 128 and 144 kbit/s DCE for the provision of digital leased circuits. Interworking with DCEs complying with Recommendation V.38 is covered. The recommended functions also allow this DCE to be deployed as a remote access to a flexible multiplexer as specified in Recommendation G.797. + +The V.24 and X.24 DTE-DCE interfaces are specified in terms of functions and electrical characteristics. The use of additional interfaces is not precluded. Core functions include scrambling of data, testing facilities, optional aggregation function and optional multiplexing function. This type of DCE may be part of a managed network. + +This Recommendation contains three appendices providing information on complementary functions or applications for this type of equipment. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.300 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 15 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 2nd of July 1999. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation the term *recognized operating agency (ROA)* includes any individual, company, corporation or governmental organization that operates a public correspondence service. The terms *Administration*, *ROA* and *public correspondence* are defined in the *Constitution of the ITU (Geneva, 1992)*. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 1999 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 2 | +| 3 Abbreviations..... | 3 | +| 4 Signalling rates ..... | 3 | +| 4.1 Data signalling rates ..... | 3 | +| 4.2 Signalling rates on line ..... | 3 | +| 5 Differentiation between user and network data signals..... | 3 | +| 5.1 Scrambler ..... | 3 | +| 5.2 Descrambler ..... | 4 | +| 6 Interfaces..... | 4 | +| 6.1 V.24-type interface [3]..... | 4 | +| 6.1.1 List of interchange circuits ..... | 4 | +| 6.1.2 Electrical characteristics ..... | 5 | +| 6.1.3 Operational requirements ..... | 6 | +| 6.2 X.24-type interface [7]..... | 6 | +| 6.2.1 List of interchange circuits ..... | 6 | +| 6.2.2 Electrical characteristics ..... | 7 | +| 6.2.3 Operational requirements ..... | 7 | +| 7 Start-up procedure..... | 7 | +| 8 Testing facilities..... | 8 | +| 8.1 Test loops..... | 8 | +| 8.1.1 Instigation of remote loop 2/2b ..... | 8 | +| 8.1.2 Instigation of the type-3 loop ..... | 8 | +| 8.2 Self tests..... | 9 | +| 8.2.1 Self test with the type-3 loop..... | 9 | +| 8.2.2 Self test with remote loop 2/2b..... | 9 | +| 9 Multiplexing..... | 9 | +| 10 Internal management..... | 9 | +| Appendix I – Functional block diagram ..... | 10 | +| Appendix II – Connection schematics ..... | 11 | +| Appendix III – Example of implementation of the transmission unit..... | 12 | +| III.1 General..... | 12 | +| III.2 Physical model of the line transmission system ..... | 12 | + +| | Page | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| III.3 Functional description of the DCE ..... | 13 | +| III.4 Functions of TU functional block..... | 13 | +| III.4.1 Data channels..... | 14 | +| III.4.2 DCE management channel ..... | 14 | +| III.4.3 Bit timing..... | 14 | +| III.4.4 Octet timing ..... | 15 | +| III.4.5 Frame alignment..... | 15 | +| III.4.6 Activation ..... | 15 | +| III.4.7 Deactivation..... | 15 | +| III.4.8 Power feeding..... | 15 | +| III.4.9 Maintenance..... | 15 | +| III.5 Requirements for a line transmission system using 2B1Q line code..... | 15 | +| III.5.1 Line code ..... | 15 | +| III.5.2 Line modulation rate..... | 16 | +| III.5.3 Clock tolerance ..... | 16 | +| III.5.4 Frame structure ..... | 16 | +| III.5.5 Frame and multiframe words..... | 16 | +| III.5.6 Frame offset between slave TU and master TU ..... | 17 | +| III.5.7 CL channel..... | 17 | +| III.6 DCE management channel..... | 19 | +| III.6.1 Protocol and procedure..... | 19 | +| III.6.2 Functions provided ..... | 19 | +| III.7 Equipment management function ..... | 19 | +| III.7.1 General..... | 19 | +| III.7.2 Specific functions of the equipment management function with TU
working in slave mode..... | 20 | +| III.7.3 Specific functions of equipment management function with TU working
in master mode..... | 20 | + +# **Recommendation V.300** + +## **A 128 (144) kbit/s DATA CIRCUIT-TERMINATING EQUIPMENT STANDARDIZED FOR USE ON DIGITAL POINT-TO-POINT LEASED CIRCUITS** + +*(Geneva, 1999)* + +# **1 Scope** + +This data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) is intended for use on $n \times 64$ kbit/s based digital point-to-point leased circuits other than ISDN. Signalling rates supported by the equipment are 64 kbit/s and 128 kbit/s. This may be expanded to 144 kbit/s when a digital leased line network supports this type of connection, or for DCE interconnection on short haul leased circuits employing metallic pair(s). The DCE is specified herein in terms of the DTE-to-DCE interface(s) and features including rate adaptation, end-to-end signalling, testing and multiplexing facilities. The line signal and the line signalling rate that are used to connect this type of DCE locally to a number of 64 kbit/s or 128 kbit/s or 144 kbit/s, digital bearer circuit(s) are considered to be national matters, and are hence not specified herein. The transmission scheme chosen should, however, be capable of providing an octet timing recovery where a multiplexing function as specified in clause 9 is employed. + +The principal characteristics of the DCE are as follows: + +- a) duplex mode of operation on digital leased circuits; +- b) signalling rates of 64 and 128/144 kbit/s; +- c) inclusion of two (Note 3) different types of DTE-DCE functional interfaces; +- d) inclusion of testing facilities; +- e) optional provision of a means to differentiate between user and network data; +- f) optional inclusion of a multiplexer (for further study); +- g) optional inclusion of an equipment management function; +- h) inclusion of an optional aggregation function; +- i) backward compatibility with a DCE according to Recommendation V.38 [4]. + +NOTE 1 – Figure I.1 gives a schematic block diagram of the arrangement of functional blocks (without the multiplexer function) inside the DCE. + +NOTE 2 – The term "line signalling rate" as used in the context of this Recommendation refers to the signalling rate at the input of the transmitter of the transmission unit (see Figure I.1). + +NOTE 3 – The use of additional DTE-DCE interfaces, e.g. codirectional G.703 64 kbit/s [9], I.430 [11] or G.703/G.704 [9]/[10] is not precluded. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in the text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation V.10 (1993), *Electrical characteristics for unbalanced double-current interchange circuits operating at data signalling rates nominally up to 100 kbit/s.* +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation V.11 (1996), *Electrical characteristics for balanced double-current interchange circuits operating at data signalling rates up to 10 Mbit/s.* +- [3] ITU-T Recommendation V.24 (1996), *List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE).* +- [4] ITU-T Recommendation V.38 (1996), *A 48/56/64 kbit/s data circuit-terminating equipment standardized for use on digital point-to-point leased circuits.* +- [5] CCITT Recommendation V.54 (1988), *Loop test devices for modems.* +- [6] CCITT Recommendation X.21 (1992), *Interface between data terminal equipment and data circuit-terminating equipment for synchronous operation on public networks.* +- [7] CCITT Recommendation X.24 (1988), *List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) on public data networks.* +- [8] CCITT Recommendation X.150 (1988), *Principles of maintenance testing for public data networks using data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) test loops.* +- [9] ITU-T Recommendation G.703, (1998), *Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces.* +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation G.704 (1998), *Synchronous frame structures used at 1544, 6312, 2048, 8448 and 44 736 kbit/s hierarchical levels.* +- [11] ITU-T Recommendation I.430 (1995), *Basic user-network interface – Layer 1 specification.* +- [12] CCITT Recommendation O.153 (1992), *Basic parameters for the measurement of error performance at bit rates below the primary rate.* +- [13] ISO 4902:1989, *Information technology – Data communication – 37-pole DTE/DCE interface connector and contact number assignments.* +- [14] ISO 4903:1989, *Information technology – Data communication – 15-pole DTE/DCE interface connector and contact number assignments.* +- [15] ISO/IEC 11569:1993, *Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – 26-pole interface connector mateability dimensions and contact number assignments.* + +# 3 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +| | | +|-----|------------------------------------| +| AIS | Alarm Indication Signal | +| DCE | Data Circuit-terminating Equipment | +| DTE | Data Terminal Equipment | + +# 4 Signalling rates + +### 4.1 Data signalling rates + +The recommended data signalling rate (user rate) is synchronous at 128 kbit/s (144 kbit/s may also be supported). + +## 4.2 Signalling rates on line + +Data at either signalling rate may be supported by a digital bearer circuit being accessed with a line signalling rate that depends upon the leased line network implementation. This is not in the scope of this Recommendation. Appendix III depicts such an example with a 160 kbit/s line signalling rate. + +# 5 Differentiation between user and network data signals + +An optional scrambler/descrambler may be provided as a means of differentiating between user data and network data or network signalling towards the DCE [e.g. loss of synchronization or alarm indication signal (AIS)], and for fault detection. Where the scrambler/descrambler is provided, its use shall be subject to bilateral agreement between the Administrations concerned. + +NOTE – The potential provision of an additional scrambler/descrambler inside the transmission unit of the DCE (see Figure I.1) is a national matter, and outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### 5.1 Scrambler + +Where provided, the following self-synchronizing scrambler having the generating polynomial $1 + x^{-18} + x^{-23}$ shall be used for the transmitter of the DCE. + +The message data sequence applied to the scrambler shall be effectively divided by the generating polynomial. The coefficients of the quotients of this division, taken in descending order, form the data sequence which shall appear at the output of the scrambler. The scrambler data output sequence thus shall be: + +$$D_s = D_i \oplus D_s \cdot x^{-18} \oplus D_s \cdot x^{-23}$$ + +where: + +$D_s$ is the data sequence at the output of the scrambler + +$D_i$ is the data sequence applied to the scrambler + +$D_o$ is the data sequence at the output of the descrambler (see 5.2) + +$\oplus$ denotes modulo 2 addition + +$\cdot$ denotes binary multiplication + +Figure 1 shows a suitable implementation. + +![Figure 1/V.300 – Scrambler block diagram. The diagram shows a feedback loop for scrambling. An input data sequence D_i enters a first adder (⊕). The output of this adder is D_s. D_s is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the same adder. This process is repeated for 18 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D_s · x^-18. This signal is added to D_s at a second adder. The output of the second adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the second adder. This process is repeated for 23 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D_s · x^-23. This signal is added to the output of the second adder at a third adder. The output of the third adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the third adder. The final output is D_o.](f4fdd410cdb84df81274da55721e56fb_img.jpg) + +Figure 1/V.300 – Scrambler block diagram. The diagram shows a feedback loop for scrambling. An input data sequence D\_i enters a first adder (⊕). The output of this adder is D\_s. D\_s is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the same adder. This process is repeated for 18 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D\_s · x^-18. This signal is added to D\_s at a second adder. The output of the second adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the second adder. This process is repeated for 23 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D\_s · x^-23. This signal is added to the output of the second adder at a third adder. The output of the third adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the third adder. The final output is D\_o. + +**Figure 1/V.300 – Scrambler** + +### 5.2 Descrambler + +Where the scrambler specified in 5.1 is provided, also a self-synchronizing descrambler having the polynomial $1 + x^{-18} + x^{-23}$ shall be provided in the receiver of the DCE. The message data sequence output by the receiver of the transmission unit (see Figure I.1) shall be effectively multiplied by the generating polynomial $1 + x^{-18} + x^{-23}$ to form the descrambled message. The coefficients of the recovered message sequence taken in descending order form the output data sequence $D_o$ , which is given by: + +$$D_o = D_s (1 \oplus x^{-18} \oplus x^{-23})$$ + +where the notation is defined in 5.1. + +Figure 2 shows a suitable implementation. + +![Figure 2/V.300 – Descrambler block diagram. The diagram shows a feedback loop for descrambling. An input data sequence D_s enters a first adder (⊕). The output of this adder is D_o. D_o is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the same adder. This process is repeated for 18 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D_s · x^-18. This signal is added to D_o at a second adder. The output of the second adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the second adder. This process is repeated for 23 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D_s · x^-23. This signal is added to the output of the second adder at a third adder. The output of the third adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the third adder. The final output is D_o.](54fabc351eda5228d2fa28cd9ba07971_img.jpg) + +Figure 2/V.300 – Descrambler block diagram. The diagram shows a feedback loop for descrambling. An input data sequence D\_s enters a first adder (⊕). The output of this adder is D\_o. D\_o is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the same adder. This process is repeated for 18 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D\_s · x^-18. This signal is added to D\_o at a second adder. The output of the second adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the second adder. This process is repeated for 23 shifts, resulting in a feedback signal D\_s · x^-23. This signal is added to the output of the second adder at a third adder. The output of the third adder is then shifted left by one bit (x^-1) and fed back into the third adder. The final output is D\_o. + +**Figure 2/V.300 – Descrambler** + +## 6 Interfaces + +One or both types of functional interfaces shall be provided in the DCE, as specified below. It shall be possible that two DCEs in accordance with this Recommendation can interoperate, where in these DCEs the opposite types of interfaces are employed. + +### 6.1 V.24-type interface [3] + +#### 6.1.1 List of interchange circuits + +The interchange circuits shall be as in Table 1. + +**Table 1/V.300 – V.24-type interface [3]** + +| Interchange circuit | | +|----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------| +| 102 | Signal ground or common return | +| 102a | DTE common return (Note 1) | +| 102b | DCE common return (Note 1) | +| 103 | Transmitted data | +| 104 | Received data | +| 105 | Request to send (Note 2) | +| 106 | Ready for sending | +| 107 | Data set ready | +| 108/2 | Data terminal ready (Note 3) | +| 109 | Data channel received line signal detector | +| 113 | Transmitter signal element timing (DTE source) (Note 4) | +| 114 | Transmitter signal element timing (DCE source) | +| 115 | Receiver signal element timing (DCE source) | +| 140 | Loopback/maintenance test | +| 141 | Local loopback | +| 142 | Test indicator | + +NOTE 1 – Interchange circuits 102a and 102b are required where the electrical characteristics defined in Recommendation V.10 [1] are used. + +NOTE 2 – It shall be possible to apply a permanent ON condition on this circuit inside the DCE. + +NOTE 3 – Optional. + +NOTE 4 – The use of circuit 113 is for further study, since its application is restricted by the synchronous nature of the network. + +#### 6.1.2 Electrical characteristics + +Use of electrical characteristics conforming to Recommendation V.10 [1] and/or V.11 [2] is recommended as specified below, together with the use of the connector and pin assignment plan specified by ISO 4902 [13] or ISO/IEC 11569 [15]. + +- i) Concerning circuits 103, 104, 113, 114 and 115, both the generators and the receivers shall be in accordance with Recommendation V.11 [2]. + +NOTE – In certain instances where V.11 [2] circuits are implemented on both sides of the interface, it may be necessary to add either serial impedance matching resistors or parallel cable terminating resistors as specified in Recommendation V.11 [2] to ensure proper operation of the interchange circuits. + +- ii) In the case of circuits 105, 106, 107, 108/2 and 109, generators shall comply with Recommendation V.10 [1] or alternatively Recommendation V.11 [2]. The receivers shall comply with Recommendation V.10 [1] category 1, or with Recommendation V.11 [2] without termination. +- iii) In the case of all other circuits, Recommendation V.10 [1] applies with receivers configured as specified by Recommendation V.10 [1] for category 2. + +#### 6.1.3 Operational requirements + +The normal operation for this DCE is constant carrier, i.e. the condition of circuit 105 has no influence upon the line signal and upon remote circuit 109. + +Circuit 106 will follow OFF to ON or ON to OFF transitions on circuit 105 within 0.5 to 3.5 ms (this value is for further study). This time is from the application of an ON or OFF condition on circuit 105. + +Optionally, the DCE may provide an end-to-end signalling of local circuit 105 to remote circuit 109. The method to be used is for further study. + +Where a multiplexing function as described in clause 9 is employed, both circuits 106 and 109 shall be held in the OFF condition in the event of loss of frame synchronization. + +Where the optional scrambler/descrambler function specified in clause 5 is provided, circuit 109 shall be switched to the OFF condition upon the reception of 1024 consecutive bits in the binary ONE condition. + +The criteria for the control of circuit 109 depending upon a received line signal or other out-of-service codes are a national matter, and are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### 6.2 X.24-type interface [7] + +#### 6.2.1 List of interchange circuits + +The interchange circuits for this interface shall be as in Table 2. + +**Table 2/V.300 – X.24-type interface [7]** + +| Interchange circuit | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------| +| G | Signal ground or common return (Note 1) | +| Ga | DTE common return | +| T | Transmit | +| R | Receive | +| C | Control | +| I | Indication | +| S | Signal element timing (Note 2) | +| X | DTE signal element timing (Note 3) | +| B | Byte timing (Notes 4, 5 and 6) | +|

NOTE 1 – This conductor may be used to reduce environmental signal interference at the interface. In the case of shielded interconnecting cable, the additional connection considerations are part of Recommendation X.24 [7] and of ISO 4903 [14].

NOTE 2 – Timing for continuous isochronous data transmission shall be provided.

NOTE 3 – The use and termination of this circuit by the DCE is a national matter, the use being restricted by the synchronous nature of the network.

NOTE 4 – The inclusion of this interchange circuit is optional.

NOTE 5 – It should be noted that this interchange circuit is allocated to the same pole on the connector specified in ISO 4903 [14] as circuit X.

NOTE 6 – The means of providing the byte timing information are a national matter and outside the scope of this Recommendation.

| | + +#### 6.2.2 Electrical characteristics + +Use of electrical characteristics conforming to Recommendation V.10 [1] and/or V.11 [2] is recommended as specified below, together with the use of the connector and pin assignment plan specified by ISO 4903 [14]. + +- i) Concerning circuits R, S, T and X, both the generators and the receivers shall be in accordance with Recommendation V.11 [2]. + +NOTE – In certain instances where V.11 [2] circuits are implemented on both sides of the interface, it may be necessary to add either serial impedance matching resistors or parallel cable terminating resistors as specified in Recommendation V.11 [2] to ensure proper operation of the interchange circuits. + +- ii) Concerning circuits C and I, generators shall comply with Recommendation V.10 [1] or alternatively with Recommendation V.11 [2]. The receivers shall comply with Recommendation V.10 [1] category 1, or with Recommendation V.11 [2] without termination. + +#### 6.2.3 Operational requirements + +No end-to-end signalling of circuit C to remote circuit I is provided with this type of DCE. Instead, local circuit I shall be in the OFF condition when local circuit C is in the OFF condition. + +Optionally, the DCE may provide an end-to-end signalling of local circuit C to remote circuit I. The method to be used is for further study. + +A *DCE not ready* signal ( $r = 0$ , $i = \text{OFF}$ ) shall be output at the interface: + +- in the event of a loss of frame synchronization where, depending on the data signalling rate and the line signalling rate, a multiplexing function as specified in clause 9 is employed; +- upon the reception of 1024 consecutive bits in the binary ONE condition where the optional scrambler/descrambler function specified in clause 5 is provided. + +The DTE should be prepared to receive garbled signals or contiguous binary 1 on circuit R with *i* = ON, prior to this *DCE not ready* signal. + +The criteria for the control of the interface depending on a received line signal are a national matter, and are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +## 7 Start-up procedure + +No specific start-up procedure is needed for the transmission at 64 kbit/s. For the transmission at 128 and 144 kbit/s, the start-up procedure specified hereafter caters for the equalization of a propagation delay difference between the two (or three) 64 kbit/s channels of up to 300 ms. + +In the case of transmission at 128 kbit/s, the delay equalization process is initiated by sending a continuous binary 0 signal in both channels for 700 ms, followed by an $0F_{16}$ character in channel B1 and an $FF_{16}$ character in channel B2. + +After this starting sequence, a scrambler having the polynomial $D_s = D_i \oplus D_s \cdot x^{-2} \oplus D_s \cdot x^{-5}$ is inserted in the data path and 16 bits of a scrambled binary 1 are transmitted, followed by user data. A guard circuitry to the scrambler shall insert one binary 1 after each sequence of 15 binary 0 bits. + +The reception of an unscrambled continuous binary 0 sequence for a duration of at least 650 ms shall indicate that a delay equalization process has been initiated. The receiver shall be configured to monitor the two channels for the reception of an $0F_{16}$ character and an $FF_{16}$ character, respectively, thus identifying the B1 and the B2 channel and measuring the propagation delay between the two channels. An appropriate delay shall be inserted in the channel with the lesser propagation delay. + +Then the output of the descrambler shall be monitored for the reception of eleven binary 1 bits (five bits are necessary to synchronize the descrambler), indicating the correct delay equalization. + +The start-up procedure for 144 kbit/s connections is for further study. + +# **8 Testing facilities** + +While it is recognized that the primary means of fault detection/isolation on digital facilities will be accomplished by the network providers through in-service monitoring, the following testing facilities are specified for the case where user-initiated fault isolation is desired. The use of the procedure specified in Recommendation V.54 [5] is provided; other methods for providing fault isolation are for further study. + +### **8.1 Test loops** + +As in Recommendation V.54 [5], the DCEs are referred to hereafter as DCE A and DCE B. + +Test loops 2 for the V.24-type interface [3] case, and 2b for the X.24-type interface [7] case, shall be provided. Test loop 3 shall be provided for the V.24-type interface [3], and one of the test loops 3a or 3b for the X.24-type interface [7]. The precise location of these type-3 loops is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +The definitions of these test loops are as described in Recommendations V.54 [5] and X.150 [8], respectively. Operation and signalling at the DTE-DCE interfaces of DCE A and DCE B shall be as specified in Recommendations V.54 [5] and X.21 [6], respectively. + +#### **8.1.1 Instigation of remote loop 2/2b** + +The control of loop 2 (loop 2b respectively) shall utilize the preparation and termination phases as specified in Recommendation V.54 [5]. + +NOTE – Clauses 5, 6 and 7 of Recommendation V.54 [5] describe the automatic control with synchronous DCEs for simple multipoint circuits, point-to-point duplex circuits and tandem circuits. Only the point-to-point duplex circuit case is applicable where in the DCE the X.24-type interface [7] is employed. Application of the two other configurations with the X.24-type interface [7] is for further study. + +The instruction of a DCE (DCE A) to instigate a remote loop 2/2b may be manual or automatic. The automatic case shall be upon the recognition of an OFF-to-ON transition on circuit 140 (in the case of the V.24-type interface [3]) or upon the recognition of a *Send loop 2* command (state L21, c = OFF, t = 0011) (in the case of the X.24-type interface [7]) as defined in Recommendation X.21 [6]. + +This means, irrespective of the type of interface employed, scrambling of a binary 0 with the polynomial $1 + x^{-4} + x^{-7}$ and transmitting it as though it was introduced to the DCE via circuit 103 or circuit T, respectively. + +#### **8.1.2 Instigation of the type-3 loop** + +The instruction of a DCE to instigate a type-3 loop may be manual or automatic. The automatic case shall be upon the recognition of an OFF-to-ON transition on circuit 141 (in the case of the V.24-type interface [3]) or upon the recognition of a *Send loop 3* command (state L31, c = OFF, t = 00001111) (in the case of the X.24-type interface [7]) as defined in Recommendation X.21 [6]. + +### 8.2 Self tests + +The provision of the self-test function specified herein is optional. + +The tests described hereafter (in 8.2.1 and 8.2.2) employ an internally generated data pattern that is typically controlled by a switch on the DCE. It shall be possible to perform these tests with or without the DCE being connected to a DTE. + +Upon activation of the self-test function, an internally generated data pattern at the selected user signalling rate shall be transmitted as though it was introduced to the DCE via circuit 103 or circuit T, respectively (see Figure I.1). An error detector, capable of identifying errors in the test pattern, shall be connected to the received data path. How the presence of errors is indicated is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +NOTE – The test pattern has no end-to-end bearing. Its specification is therefore not part of this Recommendation. Examples for test patterns may be alternative binary ONEs and ZEROs (reversals) or the 511-bit test pattern in accordance with Recommendation O.153 [12]. + +During any self-test mode, interchange circuits 103, 105 and 108/2 (where provided) at the V.24-type interface, and interchange circuits T and C at the X.24-type interface [7], shall be ignored. + +At the V.24-type interface [3], all generating interchange circuits except 114 (if used), 115 and 142 shall be clamped to the binary 1 or OFF condition. If circuit 113 is used, the DCE shall disregard this interchange circuit and shall use its internal clock. + +At the X.24-type interface [7], the DCE shall signal state *DCE not ready* ( $r = 0$ , $i = \text{OFF}$ ) to the DTE. If circuit X is used, the DCE shall disregard this interchange circuit and shall use its internal clock. + +#### 8.2.1 Self test with the type-3 loop + +The type-3 loop as defined in Recommendations V.54 [5] and X.150 [8], respectively, shall be activated in the DCE. The self-test function shall be activated, and the DCE operation shall be as described in 8.2. + +#### 8.2.2 Self test with remote loop 2/2b + +The DCE shall be conditioned to instigate a loop 2/2b at the remote DCE as specified in 8.1.1. The self-test function shall be activated, and the DCE operation shall be as described in 8.2. + +## 9 Multiplexing + +A multiplexing function may optionally be included to convey two individual 64 kbit/s signals on a 128 kbit/s bearer circuit. The method for the identification of the two individual data channels is for further study. + +# 10 Internal management + +Optionally, internal management functions may be provided. This may include initialization of the DCE, adjustment of part of or all configurable parameters within the DCE. Access to these functions may be accomplished via various means (e.g. front panel menu, DTE-DCE interface, dedicated control interface in local operation mode or via a dedicated PSTN/ISDN connection). The corresponding requirements are beyond the scope of the Recommendation. + +## APPENDIX I + +## Functional block diagram + +Figure I.1 gives an example of a simplified functional block diagram of a DCE in accordance with this Recommendation, that contains all functional blocks specified in the main part of this Recommendation when a V.24-type DTE-DCE interface is implemented. + +The transmission unit contains all functions of a (typically baseband) transmitter and a receiver, which are necessary to interface the DCE to the cable plant of the individual national network. Details are a national matter. For this example it is assumed that the transmission unit is inside the DCE, and interworks with a transmission unit which is installed at the other end of the local loop (see also Appendix II). + +![Functional block diagram of a DCE showing internal components and their interconnections.](16152cf1d84aea10848758f51a91ff6a_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional blocks of a DCE and their interconnections. On the left, input lines 103, 140, 105, 106, 104, 142, and 109 are shown. Line 103 connects to a block that feeds into the 'v.54 ctrl' block and the 'Scramblera)' block. Line 140 connects to the 'Test pattern generator' block. Line 105 connects to the 'Loop 2 circuitry' block. Line 106 connects to a 'delay' block, which then feeds into the 'Loop 2 circuitry' block. Line 104 connects to an 'OR' block, which feeds into the 'V.54 recognition' block. Line 142 connects to another 'OR' block, which feeds into the 'Test pattern receiver' block. Line 109 connects to an 'AND' block. The 'v.54 ctrl' block, 'Test pattern generator', 'Loop 2 circuitry', 'V.54 recognition', 'Test pattern receiver', and 'AND' block all have outputs that feed into the 'Message communication functiona)' block. The 'Scramblera)' block (128 kbit/s, 144 kbit/s) feeds into the 'Transmitter' block, which is part of the 'Transmission unit'. The 'Descramblera)' block (128 kbit/s, 144 kbit/s) feeds into the 'Receiver' block, which is also part of the 'Transmission unit'. The 'Transmission unit' block has a 'Data carrier detect' output. The 'Message communication functiona)' block has a 'Control interface' output. A thick grey arrow labeled '(103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109)' points from the 'Message communication functiona)' block to the 'Equipment management functiona)' block. The 'Equipment management functiona)' block has a dashed line connection to the 'Message communication functiona)' block. The 'Message communication functiona)' block also has a '1024 bits "1" recognition' output. The diagram is labeled 'T1531590-99' in the bottom right corner. + +Functional block diagram of a DCE showing internal components and their interconnections. + +a) Optional + +**Figure I.1/V.300 – An example of a simplified functional block diagram** + +## APPENDIX II + +## Connection schematics + +Figure II.1 provides an example of a 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit between two countries, where the intervening networks support the provision of 128 kbit/s circuits. + +![Figure II.1/V.300 – International end-to-end 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit. The diagram shows a connection between Country A and Country B. In Country A, DTE A is connected to DCE A, which contains TU A. TU A is connected to a 128 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU A and Octet timing recov. This block is connected to an International n x 64 kbit/s bearer circuit. The bearer circuit is connected to another block containing Octet timing recov. and TU B. This block is connected to a 128 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU B. TU B is connected to DCE B, which is connected to DTE B. The entire circuit is labeled with e.g. V.24 for Country A and e.g. X.24 for Country B. The standard T1531600-99 is noted at the bottom right.](8307f6b04df072c9332f9987e034272c_img.jpg) + +Figure II.1/V.300 – International end-to-end 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit. The diagram shows a connection between Country A and Country B. In Country A, DTE A is connected to DCE A, which contains TU A. TU A is connected to a 128 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU A and Octet timing recov. This block is connected to an International n x 64 kbit/s bearer circuit. The bearer circuit is connected to another block containing Octet timing recov. and TU B. This block is connected to a 128 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU B. TU B is connected to DCE B, which is connected to DTE B. The entire circuit is labeled with e.g. V.24 for Country A and e.g. X.24 for Country B. The standard T1531600-99 is noted at the bottom right. + +**Figure II.1/V.300 – International end-to-end 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit** + +Figure II.2 provides an example of a 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit between two countries, where the intervening networks support only the provision of 64 kbit/s circuits. + +![Figure II.2/V.300 – A 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit on 64 kbit/s bearer circuit. The diagram shows a connection between Country A and Country B. In Country A, DTE A is connected to DCE A, which contains an Aggreg. funct. block and TU A. TU A is connected to a 64 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU A and Octet timing recov. This block is connected to an International 64 kbit/s bearer circuit. The bearer circuit is connected to another block containing Octet timing recov. and TU B. This block is connected to a 64 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU B and an Aggreg. funct. block. TU B is connected to DCE B, which is connected to DTE B. The entire circuit is labeled with 128 kbit/s e.g. V.24 for Country A and 128 kbit/s e.g. X.24 for Country B. The standard T1531610-99 is noted at the bottom right.](21ad58fee90f2be50708ff541d225507_img.jpg) + +Figure II.2/V.300 – A 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit on 64 kbit/s bearer circuit. The diagram shows a connection between Country A and Country B. In Country A, DTE A is connected to DCE A, which contains an Aggreg. funct. block and TU A. TU A is connected to a 64 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU A and Octet timing recov. This block is connected to an International 64 kbit/s bearer circuit. The bearer circuit is connected to another block containing Octet timing recov. and TU B. This block is connected to a 64 kbit/s line, which then connects to a block containing TU B and an Aggreg. funct. block. TU B is connected to DCE B, which is connected to DTE B. The entire circuit is labeled with 128 kbit/s e.g. V.24 for Country A and 128 kbit/s e.g. X.24 for Country B. The standard T1531610-99 is noted at the bottom right. + +Aggreg. funct. Aggregation function + +**Figure II.2/V.300 – A 128 kbit/s digital leased circuit on 64 kbit/s bearer circuit** + +Figure II.3 provides an example of a short haul 144 kbit/s digital leased circuit on metallic pair(s). + +![Figure II.3/V.300 – A short haul 144 kbit/s digital leased circuit. The diagram shows a connection between Country A and Country B. In Country A, DTE A is connected to DCE A, which contains TU A. TU A is connected to a metallic pair(s) represented by a cylinder. The cylinder is connected to a block containing TU B. TU B is connected to DCE B, which is connected to DTE B. The entire circuit is labeled with e.g. V.24 for Country A and e.g. X.24 for Country B. The standard T1531620-99 is noted at the bottom right.](90ee16ccc0ad16aeca48087797d7b07f_img.jpg) + +Figure II.3/V.300 – A short haul 144 kbit/s digital leased circuit. The diagram shows a connection between Country A and Country B. In Country A, DTE A is connected to DCE A, which contains TU A. TU A is connected to a metallic pair(s) represented by a cylinder. The cylinder is connected to a block containing TU B. TU B is connected to DCE B, which is connected to DTE B. The entire circuit is labeled with e.g. V.24 for Country A and e.g. X.24 for Country B. The standard T1531620-99 is noted at the bottom right. + +**Figure II.3/V.300 – A short haul 144 kbit/s digital leased circuit** + +## APPENDIX III + +## Example of implementation of the transmission unit + +### III.1 General + +This appendix describes functional characteristics of an implementation of a transmission unit as shown in Figure III.1. + +The objectives of this transmission unit are to operate on 2-wire metallic lines that meet minimum ISDN requirements and to use existing components designed for ISDN basic access line transmission system. + +The information contained herein is informative and alternative systems may be implemented. The description of these systems requires further study. + +### III.2 Physical model of the line transmission system + +The physical model of the line transmission system is shown in Figure III.1. + +![Physical model of the line transmission system diagram](51db757d054ce1ce83c436a3578b56ca_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the physical model of the line transmission system. It shows a sequence of components connected in a line: DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) on the left, followed by a DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment) block. Inside the DCE block is a TU (Slave) block. This is followed by a 2-wire/2B1Q code line, which is enclosed in a dashed box labeled 'Line transmission system'. Inside this dashed box is a REG (Regenerator, optional) block. The line continues to a TU (Master) block, which is also inside the dashed box. This is followed by another DCE block, and finally a DTE block on the right. Bidirectional arrows connect the DTE blocks to their respective DCE blocks. A legend at the bottom left defines TU as 'Transmission unit' and REG as 'Regenerator (optional)'. The reference T1402920-96 is located at the bottom right. + +TU      Transmission unit +REG    Regenerator (optional) + +T1402920-96 + +Physical model of the line transmission system diagram + +**Figure III.1/V.300 – Physical model of the line transmission system** + +### III.3 Functional description of the DCE + +DCE characteristics (DTE/DCE interface, end-to-end control or signalling, testing facilities) are specified in the main part to this Recommendation. See Figure III.2. + +![Functional block diagram of the DCE showing the connection between interchange circuits, user interface adaptation, management, and the transmission unit.](2b3a967f6ce4f23649be995a353e39f8_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional blocks of a DCE. On the left, 'Interchange circuits' connect to a 'User interface adaptation' block. This block is linked to a 'Management' block via a 'Control or signalling' interface. The 'User interface adaptation' block has two main data paths: a '1st 64 kbit/s data channel' and a '2nd 64 kbit/s data channel' (or a '64 kbit/s extension'). These paths lead to the 'Transmission unit'. Inside the 'Transmission unit', there is a 'U-interface' and a 'Transceiver'. The 'U-interface' connects to an 'External line interface', which in turn connects to a '2-wire line'. The 'Transceiver' is connected to the 'U-interface' and also to a 'Power feeding unit'. The 'Management' block has an 'R/W access to CL channel' and a 'R/W access to 16 kbit/s channel' (or a '64 kbit/s extension') that connect to the 'Transceiver'. A 'SYNCHRONIZATION (bit and octet timing)' block is connected to the 'User interface adaptation' and the 'Transmission unit'. A 'Control interface' is shown at the bottom. The diagram is labeled 'T1531630-99'. + +Functional block diagram of the DCE showing the connection between interchange circuits, user interface adaptation, management, and the transmission unit. + +NOTE – (1) and (2) are exclusive. + +**Figure III.2/V.300 – Functional block diagram of the DCE** + +### III.4 Functions of TU functional block + +The transmission unit incorporated within the DCE (see Figure III.1) interworks with a remote transmission unit at the other end of the local loop that is part of the baseband line termination integrated within the DCE (see Figure III.1). + +Operation of both units is not symmetrical. One is configured to operate in the master mode and the other is configured to operate in the slave mode. The decision as to which TU is to be operating in the master mode may be taken at the time of installation of the line transmission system (configurable parameter). + +The TU working in slave mode provides the different NT1 functions. TU working in the master mode provides LT functions. NT1 and LT functions are specified in Recommendation G.961. Refer also to Figure III.3 + +![Diagram showing the functions of TU functional blocks between a TU (SLAVE) and a TU (MASTER). The functions are: 2 x 64 kbit/s data channel, 16 kbit/s DCE management or extension channel, Bit timing, Octet timing, Frame alignment, Activation, Deactivation, Power feeding, and Operations and maintenance. The diagram uses bidirectional arrows to show communication between the two TUs.](b6671cfafda3820aafe9a24fa7a4d8c7_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional blocks of a TU (Terminal Unit) in a bidirectional communication system. It shows two TUs, one labeled 'TU (SLAVE)' on the left and 'TU (MASTER)' on the right. Between them are nine horizontal arrows representing different functional channels. The top two arrows are labeled '2 x 64 kbit/s data channel' and '16 kbit/s DCE management or extension channel'. The remaining seven arrows are labeled 'Bit timing', 'Octet timing', 'Frame alignment', 'Activation', 'Deactivation', 'Power feeding', and 'Operations and maintenance'. The arrows for 'Bit timing', 'Octet timing', 'Frame alignment', 'Activation', and 'Deactivation' are bidirectional. The arrows for 'Power feeding' and 'Operations and maintenance' are unidirectional, pointing from the master to the slave. A dashed line at the top and bottom of the diagram indicates the overall system boundary. The reference 'T1402940-96' is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Diagram showing the functions of TU functional blocks between a TU (SLAVE) and a TU (MASTER). The functions are: 2 x 64 kbit/s data channel, 16 kbit/s DCE management or extension channel, Bit timing, Octet timing, Frame alignment, Activation, Deactivation, Power feeding, and Operations and maintenance. The diagram uses bidirectional arrows to show communication between the two TUs. + +**Figure III.3/V.300 – Functions of TU functional blocks** + +#### III.4.1 Data channels + +This function may provide two bidirectional and independent 64 kbit/s data channels. These correspond to the two B-channels in ISDN basic access signals. For the purpose of this Recommendation, the two 64 kbit/s channels may be used aggregated (optionally individually). Where only one 64 kbit/s channel is used (e.g. interworking with a V.38-type DCE) it should correspond to the first B-channel in the ISDN application. + +#### III.4.2 DCE management channel + +This function provides a 16 kbit/s bidirectional channel for the remote management of the DCE. This corresponds to the D-channel in ISDN basic access signals. When this channel is not used for management purposes, it can provide an additional 16 kbit/s transfer capacity for data application allowing an overall bit rate of 144 kbit/s. + +While the 16 kbit/s channel may not be allocated to the transmission of management information, the use of the eoc (defined in III.5.7.1) remains an alternative way of performing the remote management of the DCE. + +#### III.4.3 Bit timing + +This function provides bit timing to enable the TU to retrieve information from the aggregate stream. Bit timing for direction slave TU to master TU shall be derived from clock received by slave TU from the master TU. + +#### **III.4.4 Octet timing** + +This function provides an 8 kHz octet timing for the 64 kbit/s data channels. It shall be derived from the frame alignment. + +#### **III.4.5 Frame alignment** + +This function enables the TU to recover time-division multiplexed channels. + +#### **III.4.6 Activation** + +This function restores the line transmission system between two TU functional blocks to its normal operational status. At the end of the activation procedure, transparency of the data and the 16 kbit/s management or data channel is achieved; it is not necessary for DTE to be attached during this procedure. It is recommended that only the master TU initiates the activation procedure. + +In normal operation, the line transmission system is always activated. + +#### **III.4.7 Deactivation** + +This procedure is only permitted to the master TU. This procedure is initiated by the master TU before initiating testing loops in the slave TU (and regenerator if required). + +#### **III.4.8 Power feeding** + +The power feeding of the TU is handled locally by the DCE. For the case of a power failure, a battery is provided to permit a restricted function and to indicate a fault condition to the distant unit. + +The regenerator (if required) shall be locally power fed. + +Optionally, the master DCE may provide remote power feeding of the regenerator and of the TU function in the DCE. Remote power feeding of the other DCE functions (user interface adaptation, management system, etc.) is not required. + +#### **III.4.9 Maintenance** + +The functions needed for operations and maintenance of the transmission system – including the TU and one regenerator (if required) – and for activation/deactivation procedures are combined in one transport resource available in the line signals along with the 64 kbit/s data channels and the 16 kbit/s management channel. This transport resource is referred to as the CL channel. + +The following functions are provided by the CL channel: + +- maintenance command (loopback control in the TU functional block or in the regenerator); +- maintenance information; +- indication of fault conditions; +- information regarding power feeding in the slave TU. + +### **III.5 Requirements for a line transmission system using 2B1Q line code** + +#### **III.5.1 Line code** + +The line code is 2B1Q (2 binary, 1 quaternary). This is a 4-level code and it is used without redundancy. This code is described in Appendix II/G.961. + +The aggregate bit stream entering the TU functional block before transmission ( $2 \times 64$ kbit/s channel, 16 kbit/s management or data extension channel, CL channel) is grouped into pairs of bits for conversion into quaternary symbols called quats. Data input to the 64 kbit/s data channels and the 16 kbit/s management or data extension channel is scrambled before coding. + +M1 through M6 bits of the CL channel are also paired, coded and scrambled the same way. The relationships of the bits in the 64 kbit/s data channels and the 16 kbit/s management or data extension channel to quats are shown in Figure III.4. + +For convenience, the 64 kbit/s data channels and the 16 kbit/s management channel (or data extension channel) are presented as B1, B2 and D channels respectively, in Figure III.4. + +| Data | Time → | | | | | | | | D (16 kbit/s channel) | | | | | +|--------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|---------|---------|-----------------------------|---------|---------|---------|-----------------------|--|--|--|--| +| | B1 (64 kbit/s data channel) | | | | B2 (64 kbit/s data channel) | | | | | | | | | +| Pair of bits | b11 b12 | b13 b14 | b15 b16 | b17 b18 | b21 b22 | b23 b24 | b25 b26 | b27 b28 | d1 d2 | | | | | +| Quat | q1 | q2 | q3 | q4 | q5 | q6 | q7 | q8 | q9 | | | | | +| Bits | 8 | | | | 8 | | | | 2 | | | | | +| Quats | 4 | | | | 4 | | | | 1 | | | | | +| B1 | 1st 64 kbit/s data channel | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B2 | 64 kbit/s data extension channel (or 2nd 64 kbit/s data channel) | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| D | 16 kbit/s management or data extension channel | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| b11 | First bit of B1 octet as received by TU | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| b18 | Last bit of B1 octet as received by TU | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| b21 | First bit of B2 as received by TU | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| b28 | Last bit of B2 octet as received by TU | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| d1d2 | Consecutive 16 kbit/s management or data extension channel | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| qi | ith quat relative to start of a given 18-bit 2B+D data field | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +**Figure III.4/V.300 – 2B1Q bit encoding for 64 kbit/s data and 16 kbit/s management (or extension) channels** + +#### III.5.2 Line modulation rate + +The gross bit rate is 160 kbit/s; 144 kbit/s are occupied by the data channels and the 16 kbit/s management channel (or data extension channel) and the CL channel presents a bit rate of 4 kbit/s. The remaining 12 kbit/s are used for the frame alignment word. The line symbol rate (modulation rate) is 80 kbauds. + +#### III.5.3 Clock tolerance + +Clock tolerance of the free running TU clock is $\pm 50$ ppm. + +#### III.5.4 Frame structure + +A frame shall consist of 120 quaternary symbols transmitted within a nominally 1.5 ms interval. Each frame contains a frame word, the data and/or management channel bits and the CL channel bits. + +#### III.5.5 Frame and multiframe words + +The frame word (FW) is used to allocate bit positions to the data, management channel and the CL channels. + +The code for the frame word in all frames except the first in a multiframe is: + +$$FW = + 3 + 3 -3 -3 -3 + 3 -3 + 3 + 3$$ + +The code for the first word of the first frame of a multiframe is the inverted frame word (IFW): + +$$IFW = -3 -3 + 3 + 3 + 3 -3 + 3 -3 -3$$ + +The frame and multiframe words are the same for both directions. + +#### **III.5.6 Frame offset between slave TU and master TU** + +The slave TU synchronizes transmitted frames with received frames from the master TU. Transmitted frames are offset with respect to received frames by $60 \pm 2$ quaternary symbols (i.e. about 0.75 ms). + +#### **III.5.7 CL channel** + +##### **III.5.7.1 Structure of the CL channel** + +The CL channel consists of the last three symbols (6 bits) in each basic frame of the multiframe; 48 bits of a multiframe are used for the CL channel. + +The bit rate for the CL channel is 4 kbit/s: + +- 24 bits per multiframe (2 kbit/s) are allocated to an embedded operation channel (eoc) which supports operations communications needs between the TU; +- 12 bits per multiframe (1 kbit/s) are allocated to a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) function; +- 12 bits per multiframe (1 kbit/s) are allocated to other functions as shown in Figure III.5. + +| | | | | | | | | | | +|-------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|--------------------|----------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|-----------------|-------------------|-------------------| +| | | Framing | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | CL channel (bits M1 to M6) | | | | | | +| | Quat positions | 1-9 | 10-117 | 118s | 118m | 119s | 119s | 120s | 120m | +| | Bit positions | 1-18 | 19-234 | 235 | 236 | 237 | 238 | 239 | 240 | +| Multiframe | Frame | Frame word | | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 | M6 | +| A | | TU Master → TU Slave | | | | | | | | +| | 1 | IFW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc a1 | eoc a2 | eoc a3 | act | 1 | 1 | +| | 2 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc dm | eoc i1 | eoc i2 | dea | 1 | febe | +| | 3 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i3 | eoc i4 | eoc i5 | 1 | crc 1 | crc 2 | +| | 4 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i6 | eoc i7 | eoc i8 | 1 | crc 3 | crc 4 | +| | 5 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc a1 | eoc a2 | eoc a3 | 1 | crc 5 | crc 6 | +| | 6 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc dm | eoc i1 | eoc i2 | 1 | crc 7 | crc 8 | +| | 7 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i3 | eoc i4 | eoc i5 | uoa | crc 9 | crc 10 | +| | 8 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i6 | eoc i7 | eoc i8 | aib | crc 11 | crc 12 | +| B, C... | | | | | | | | | | +| | | TU Slave TU → Master | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 1 | IFW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc a1 | eoc a2 | eoc a3 | act | 1 | 1 | +| | 2 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc dm | eoc i1 | eoc i2 | ps 1 | 1 | febe | +| | 3 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i3 | eoc i4 | eoc i5 | ps 2 | crc 1 | crc 2 | +| | 4 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i6 | eoc i7 | eoc i8 | ntm | crc 3 | crc 4 | +| | 5 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc a1 | eoc a2 | eoc a3 | cso | crc 5 | crc 6 | +| | 6 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc dm | eoc i1 | eoc i2 | 1 | crc 7 | crc 8 | +| | 7 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i3 | eoc i4 | eoc i5 | sai | crc 9 | crc 10 | +| | 8 | FW | $12 \times (2B+D)$ | eoc i6 | eoc i7 | eoc i8 | 1* | crc 11 | crc 12 | +| 2, 3.... | | | | | | | | | | +| 2B+D | Data bits (data and management channels) | | | | | | | | | +| Quat | Any pair of bit forming a quaternary symbol | | | | | | | | | +| s | Sign bit (first) in a quat | | | | | | | | | +| m | Magnitude bit (second) in a quat | | | | | | | | | +| FW/IFW | Frame word/inverted frame word, bits 1-18 in a frame | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | Reserved for future definition | | | | | | | | | +| 1* | Reserved for network use (network indicator) | | | | | | | | | +| CL | CL channel bits M1 to M6 (bits 235-240 in basic frame structure) | | | | | | | | | +| eoc | Embedded operation channel | | | | | | | | | +| eoc ai | Address bits | | | | | | | | | +| eoc dm | Data/message indicator | | | | | | | | | +| eoc i | Information (data or message) | | | | | | | | | +| crc n | Cyclic Redundancy Check procedure (applicable to 2B+D and M4) | | | | | | | | | +| | n Most significant bit | | | | | | | | | +| | n+1 Following most significant bit, etc. | | | | | | | | | +| febe | Far-end block error (ZERO for errored multiframe) | | | | | | | | | +| ps 1 and ps 2 | Power status bits (ZERO indicate power problem) | | | | | | | | | +| ntm | Test mode bit (ZERO indicate the slave TU test mode) | | | | | | | | | +| cso | Cold start only bit (optional, set to ZERO if not used) | | | | | | | | | +| sai | S/T interface activity indicator (optional, set to ONE if not used) | | | | | | | | | +| act | Activation bit (set to ONE during activation to indicate readiness for layer 2 communication progress) | | | | | | | | | +| dea | Deactivation bit (ZERO indicates the Master TU's intention to deactivate) | | | | | | | | | +| uoa | U only activation (optional, set to ONE to activate user interface) | | | | | | | | | +| aib | Alarm indication bit (ZERO indicates interruption) | | | | | | | | | + +**Figure III.5/V.300 – 2B1Q multiframe technique and bit assignment** + +##### **III.5.7.2 Functions of the CL channel** + +Functions of the CL channel listed below are based on bit allocation for the multiframe defined in Figure III.5: + +- Error monitoring function (crc bits). +- Far-end block error (febe bit). +- Activation (act). +- Deactivation (dea). +- Power status of slave TU (ps1, ps2). +- Slave TU test mode indicator (ntm); its use is optional. It may be used by the slave TU to indicate that a maintenance action has been locally initiated by the corresponding DTE. +- Alarm indicator bit (aib); its use is optional. It can be used by the master TU to indicate a failure of intermediate transmission system. +- Embedded operation channel functions (eoc). Functions provided are essentially 144 kbit/s signal (2B+D) loopbacks, 64 kbit/s signals (B1 and B2) loopbacks in the slave TU (type-2 loopback) or in regenerator (loopback 1A) if required. Only the master TU is permitted to control loopbacks this way. + +64 eoc message codes have been reserved for standard applications or for internal network use. Other codes may be used for non-standard applications such as supporting DCE management functions. At least 120 codes are available for this purpose. Any use of such messages shall not interfere with the 16 kbit/s management channel when provided. + +### **III.6 DCE management channel** + +#### **III.6.1 Protocol and procedure** + +Detailed protocol and procedure for the management of DCE are for further study. + +#### **III.6.2 Functions provided** + +This channel may support end-to-end control or signalling and maintenance information and acknowledgements related to: + +- alarm; +- performance; +- state of interchange circuits (105/109, C/I) when an in-band end-to-end control channel in the 64 kbit/s data channel is not provided; +- remote loop 2 command and acknowledgement; +- configuration of the remote DCE connected to the master DCE. + +### **III.7 Equipment management function** + +#### **III.7.1 General** + +This subclause only considers management aspects in relation with the transmission unit. + +The equipment management function monitors the different testing facilities of the transmission unit. + +It receives and analyses information coming from the control interface, from the user interface, from the local TU functional block, from the remote TU functional block through the CL channel and from the remote end DCE through the management channel, assuming that the intervening network supports this function. + +The equipment management function handles the interworking of the DCE functions with the monitoring functions of the line transmission system. + +#### **III.7.2 Specific functions of the equipment management function with TU working in slave mode** + +Equipment management function: + +- manages the procedure of activation for the line transmission system initiated by the master TU; +- generates loopback confirmation. + +Optionally, where the equipment management function of a slave TU detects a loop command coming from the control interface or from the interchange circuits of the user interface or from the DCE management channel, it communicates this test mode status to the master TU by setting the ntm bit to binary ZERO. + +#### **III.7.3 Specific functions of equipment management function with TU working in master mode** + +Equipment management function: + +- initiates and manages the procedure of activation/deactivation for the line transmission system; +- controls the procedures for the setting of loopbacks in the line transmission system. + +When the equipment management function of the master TU has detected a loop command coming from the control interface of the master DCE or from the remote end DCE management channel, it communicates this test mode status to the slave TU by setting the aib bit to binary ZERO. + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone 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globe.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.61 + +(08/96) + +# SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Interfaces and voiceband modems + +--- + +**A simultaneous voice plus data modem, +operating at a voice plus data signalling +rate of 4800 bit/s, with optional automatic +switching to data-only signalling rates of +up to 14 400 bit/s, for use on the general +switched telephone network and on leased +point-to-point 2-wire telephone type circuits** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.61 + +(Previously “CCITT Recommendation”) + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK + +- | | +|--------------------------------------------| +| 1 – General | +| 2 – Interfaces and voiceband modems | +| 3 – Wideband modems | +| 4 – Error control | +| 5 – Transmission quality and maintenance | +| 6 – Interworking with other networks | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). + +ITU-T Recommendation V.61 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 14 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 16th of August 1996. + +## --- NOTE + +1. In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. +2. The status of annexes and appendices attached to the Series V Recommendations should be interpreted as follows: + - an *annex* to a Recommendation forms an integral part of the Recommendation; + - an *appendix* to a Recommendation does not form part of the Recommendation and only provides some complementary explanation or information specific to that Recommendation. + +© ITU 1997 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Introduction ..... | 1 | +| 2 References ..... | 2 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations ..... | 3 | +| 5 Line signals ..... | 3 | +| 5.1 Carrier frequency and modulation rate ..... | 3 | +| 5.2 Transmitted spectrum ..... | 4 | +| 5.3 Audio frames ..... | 4 | +| 5.4 Data-only coding ..... | 5 | +| 5.5 Audio plus data coding ..... | 8 | +| 5.6 Control segment encoding ..... | 15 | +| 5.7 Multiplexing/demultiplexing of data and control segments ..... | 16 | +| 6 Interfaces ..... | 16 | +| 6.1 DTE interface ..... | 16 | +| 6.2 Audio interface ..... | 18 | +| 7 Scrambler and descrambler ..... | 18 | +| 7.1 Scrambler/descrambler allocation ..... | 19 | +| 8 Operating procedures ..... | 20 | +| 8.1 Call establishment, capabilities exchange, and mode selection procedures ..... | 20 | +| 8.2 V.25 automatic answering sequence ..... | 20 | +| 8.3 Symbol rate determination signal ..... | 20 | +| 8.4 Channel holding signal ..... | 20 | +| 8.5 Round trip delay estimating signals ..... | 20 | +| 8.6 Receiver conditioning signal ..... | 20 | +| 8.7 Rate signal ..... | 23 | +| 9 Start-up procedure ..... | 24 | +| 9.1 Call mode modem ..... | 25 | +| 9.2 Answer mode modem ..... | 27 | +| 10 Retrain procedure ..... | 28 | +| 10.1 Call mode modem ..... | 29 | +| 10.2 Answer mode modem ..... | 29 | +| 10.3 Operation of circuits 107 and 109 during retrain procedure ..... | 29 | +| 11 Rate renegotiating procedure ..... | 29 | +| 11.1 Initiating procedure ..... | 29 | +| 11.2 Responding procedure ..... | 31 | +| 12 Testing facilities ..... | 31 | + +# **A SIMULTANEOUS VOICE PLUS DATA MODEM, OPERATING AT A VOICE PLUS DATA SIGNALLING RATE OF 4800 bit/s, WITH OPTIONAL AUTOMATIC SWITCHING TO DATA-ONLY SIGNALLING RATES OF UP TO 14 400 bit/s, FOR USE ON THE GENERAL SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK AND ON LEASED POINT-TO-POINT 2-WIRE TELEPHONE TYPE CIRCUITS** + +*(Geneva, 1996)* + +# **1 Introduction** + +This modem is intended for use on connections on General Switched Telephone Networks (GSTNs) and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone type circuits. The principal characteristics of the modem are as follows: + +- a) Framed Quadrature Audio/Data Modulation (Framed QADM) transmission with simultaneous transmission of duplex audio information and a synchronous audio plus data signalling rate of 4800 bit/s; +- b) optional automatic switching between the data-only signalling rate and the audio plus data signalling rate to increase the data signalling rate to up to 14 400 bit/s during periods of audio silence; +- c) optional user controlled switching between the data-only signalling rate and the data plus audio signalling rate; +- d) independence of data plus audio and data-only modes in each direction of transmission; +- e) call establishment procedures from both the audio interface and the data interface; +- f) call establishment procedures from the data interface before or after voice connection establishment; +- g) separation of audio and data channels during audio plus data transmission via quadrature audio/data modulation; +- h) Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) transmission with the following synchronous data-only signalling rates implemented in the modem: + - 14 400 bit/s, + - 12 000 bit/s, + - 9600 bit/s, + - 7200 bit/s, + - 4800 bit/s; +- i) duplex mode of operation on GSTN and point-to-point 2-wire leased circuits; +- j) channel separation of both data and audio by echo cancellation techniques; +- k) quadrature amplitude modulation for each channel with synchronous line transmission at either 3000 symbols/s or 2800 symbols/s; +- l) exchange of symbol rate determination signals during start-up to establish the symbol rate; +- m) exchange of rate sequences during start-up to establish the data signalling rates; +- n) a procedure to change the data signalling rates without retraining; +- o) a duplex auxiliary control channel with a conditional signalling rate up to 342 bit/s. + +NOTE – The transmit and receive data-only signalling rates in each modem shall be the same. The instantaneous transmit and receive data signalling rates may not be the same due to data-only transmission due to audio silence or user control in either direction. + +# 2 References + +The following Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- ISO 2110:1989, *Information technology – Data communication – 25-pole DTE-DCE interface connector and contact number assignments*. +- CCITT Recommendation V.2 (1980), *Power levels for data transmission over telephone lines*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.8 bis (1996), *Procedures for the identification and selection of common modes of operation between Data Circuit-terminating Equipments (DCEs) and between Data Terminal Equipments (DTEs) over the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point telephone-type circuits*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.10 (1993), *Electrical characteristics for unbalanced double-current interchange circuits operating at data signalling rates nominally up to 100 kbit/s*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.11 (1993), *Electrical characteristics for balanced double-current interchange circuits operating at data signalling rates up to 10 Mbit/s*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.14 (1993), *Transmission of start-stop characters over synchronous bearer channels*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.24 (1993), *List of definitions for interchange circuits between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE)*. +- CCITT Recommendation V.25 (1984), *Automatic answering equipment and/or parallel automatic calling equipment on the general switched telephone network including procedures for disabling of echo control devices for both manually and automatically established calls*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.28 (1993), *Electrical characteristics for unbalanced double-current interchange circuits*. +- CCITT Recommendation V.32 bis (1991), *A duplex modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 14 400 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.42 (1993), *Error correcting procedures for DCEs using asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion*. +- CCITT Recommendation V.54 (1988), *Loop test devices for modems*. + +# 3 Definitions + +For the purposes of the Recommendation, the following definitions apply: + +**3.1 answer mode modem:** The modem which initiates the start-up procedure with the V.25 answer sequence. Note that, when this sequence follows completion of V.8 bis procedures, either modem may be designated as answer mode modem, regardless of which modem physically answers a call. + +**3.2 audio plus data operation:** Operation in which audio information is being transmitted in addition to data bits, using QADM modulation. + +**3.3 auxiliary channel:** A variable bit rate data channel (up to 342 bit/s) which, along with the user data and additional control data, is multiplexed into the bit stream transmitted by the modem. Data conveyed in the auxiliary channel is independent from the user data and is conveyed as part of the control data. + +**3.4 call mode modem:** The modem which is conditioned to detect the V.25 answer sequence as initiation of the start-up procedure. Note that, when this sequence follows completion of V.8 *bis* procedures, either modem may be designated as call mode modem, regardless of which modem physically places a call. + +**3.5 control data:** Data which is transmitted during the control segment of each frame and used to control modem operation. The control data is independent from the user data. + +**3.6 data-only operation:** Operation in which only data bits are being transmitted, using QAM modulation. + +**3.7 frame:** A period 70 symbols in length, comprising a user data segment and a control segment. + +**3.8 pre-emphasis:** A linear equalization method in which the transmitted audio signal is filtered to compensate for the spectral characteristics of the signal. Pre-emphasis may be fixed, in which case the filtering compensates for the expected long-term average of the spectrum, or adaptive, in which case the filtering compensates for the short-term spectral content of the audio signal. The pre-emphasis filtering applied to the audio signal in the transmitter is reversed by a complementary de-emphasis filter in the receiver. + +**3.9 synchronizing signal elements:** Signal elements A, B, C, and D in the signal space diagrams, which are used during the start-up, retrain, and rate negotiation procedures. + +**3.10 user data:** Data which is provided by the user for transmission. The user data is independent from the control data. + +**3.11 variable data rate operation:** Operation in which either QADM or QAM modulation may be used in any given frame. Determination of which type of modulation to use in each frame is based on audio silence detection in the transmitter, and communicated to the remote receiver via control data. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of this Recommendation, the following abbreviations are used: + +| | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| CCITT | International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee | +| GPA | Generating Polynomial – Answer modem | +| GPC | Generating Polynomial – Call modem | +| GSTN | General Switched Telephone Network | +| ISO | International Organization for Standardization | +| ITU-T | International Telecommunications Union – Telecommunication Standardization Sector | +| QADM | Quadrature Audio/Data Modulation | +| QAM | Quadrature Amplitude Modulation | + +# 5 Line signals + +## 5.1 Carrier frequency and modulation rate + +Two modulation rates are provided. The first is 3000 symbols/s $\pm$ 0.01%. The second is 2800 symbols/s $\pm$ 0.01%. + +When the modulation rate is 3000 symbols/s, the carrier frequency is to be $1800 \pm 1$ Hz. When the modulation rate is 2800 symbols/s, the carrier frequency is to be $1680 \pm 1$ Hz. In both cases, the receiver must be able to operate with a maximum received frequency offset of up to $\pm 7$ Hz. + +## **5.2 Transmitted spectrum** + +The transmitted power level must conform to Recommendation V.2. With continuous binary ones applied to the data input of the multiplexer and a long-term stationary audio signal applied to the audio input of the transmitter, the transmitted energy density at the band edges shall be attenuated $4.5 \pm 2.5$ dB with respect to the maximum in-band energy density. When the modulation rate is 3000 symbols/s, the band edges shall be measured at 300 Hz and 3300 Hz. When the modulation rate is 2800 symbols/s, the band edges shall be measured at 280 Hz and 3080 Hz. + +## **5.3 Audio frames** + +### **5.3.1 Frame structure** + +A frame structure is used to transmit both user data and control information in the data signal elements. Each frame is 70 symbols in length and comprises two main segments. The first segment contains user data. The second segment contains control information including audio parameters. Both segments may contain audio information. + +Symbols within a frame shall be identified as symbol 1 through symbol 70. When the modulation rate is 3000 symbols/s, user data is transmitted in symbols 1 through 56 and control information is transmitted in symbols 57 through 70. When the modulation rate is 2800 symbols/s, user data is transmitted in symbols 1 through 60 and control information is transmitted in symbols 61 through 70. + +There are two types of frames. In audio plus data frames, audio information is combined with user or control data and transmitted in the QADM constellation described in 5.5.1.1. In data-only frames, user or control data is transmitted at the data-only rate negotiated during the most recent start-up, retrain, or rate negotiation procedure, using the QAM constellation defined for that rate in 5.4. + +### **5.3.2 Optional variable data rate operation** + +The modem optionally may employ variable data rate operation, increasing the transmitted data signalling rate from the data plus audio signalling rate to the data-only signalling rate during frames in which silence is detected in the input audio signal. If variable data rate operation is employed, the modem shall determine during each frame whether there is sufficient information in the audio signal to transmit data plus audio in the succeeding frame. The modem shall then transmit information regarding the state of the succeeding frame during the control segment of the current frame (see 5.6). The modem shall condition itself to transmit signal elements using the selected (data-only or data plus audio) constellation for the new frame beginning with the first symbol of the data segment of the new frame. + +If variable data rate operation is not employed, the modem shall indicate during audio plus data operation in each control segment that the succeeding frame is to be a data plus audio frame. + +The modem shall accept both data-only and data plus audio frames in the receiver, whether or not variable data rate operation is employed. + +A modem may inhibit variable data rate operation in the remote modem's transmitter by setting the appropriate bit in rate word 3 to zero (see 8.7) in the start-up, retrain, or rate renegotiation procedure. + +### **5.3.3 Optional user controlled data-only operation** + +The modem optionally may allow data-only frames to be transmitted under user control, regardless of the information content in the audio signal. If user controlled data-only operation is employed, the modem shall determine during each frame whether the user is requesting data-only operation in the succeeding frame. The modem shall then transmit information regarding the state of the succeeding frame during the control segment of the current frame (see 5.6). If both variable data rate operation and user controlled data-only operation are employed, a user request for data-only operation + +preempts variable data rate operation. If user-controlled data-only operation is employed, a user request for data-only operation shall cause data-only operation whether or not variable data-rate operation is inhibited. If the state of the succeeding frame is data-only due to user control, this shall be indicated in the control information (see 5.6). The modem shall condition itself to transmit signal elements using the selected (data-only or data plus audio) constellation for the new frame beginning with the first symbol of the data segment of the new frame. + +The modem shall accept both data-only and data plus audio frames in the receiver, whether or not the transmitter employs user controlled data-only operation. + +## 5.4 Data-only coding + +TABLE 1/V.61 + +**Differential quadrant coding** + +| Inputs | | Previous outputs | | Phase quadrant change | Outputs | | Signal state for 4800 bit/s | +|-----------------|-----------------|-------------------|-------------------|-----------------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------------------| +| Q1 n | Q2 n | Y1 n-1 | Y2 n-1 | | Y1 n | Y2 n | | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +90° | 0 | 1 | B | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | C | +| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | 0 | A | +| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 0 | D | +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0° | 0 | 0 | A | +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 0 | 1 | B | +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 0 | D | +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | C | +| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +180° | 1 | 1 | C | +| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | | 1 | 0 | D | +| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | B | +| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 0 | 0 | A | +| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | +270° | 1 | 0 | D | +| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 0 | 0 | A | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | C | +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 0 | 1 | B | + +### 5.4.1 Signal element coding for 14 400 bps + +At 14 400 bit/s, the scrambled data stream to be transmitted is divided into groups of six consecutive data bits. The first two bits in time Q1n and Q2n in each group, where Q1n is the first bit in time, where the subscript n designates the sequence number of the group, are first differentially encoded into Y1n and Y2n according to Table 1. The six bits Y1n, Y2n, Q3n, Q4n, Q5n, and Q6n are then mapped into the coordinates of the signal element to be transmitted according to the signal space diagram shown in Figure 1. In the figure, binary numbers refer to bits Y1n, Y2n, Q3n, Q4n, Q5n, and Q6n. A, B, C, and D refer to synchronizing signal elements. + +### 5.4.2 Signal element coding for 12 000 bit/s + +At 12 000 bit/s, the scrambled data stream to be transmitted is divided into groups of five consecutive data bits. The first two bits in time Q1n and Q2n in each group, where Q1n is the first bit in time, where the subscript n designates the sequence number of the group, are first differentially encoded into Y1n and Y2n according to Table 1. The five bits Y1n, Y2n, Q3n, Q4n, and Q5n are then mapped into the coordinates of the signal element to be transmitted according to the signal space diagram shown in Figure 2. In the figure, binary numbers refer to bits Y1n, Y2n, Q3n, Q4n, and Q5n. A, B, C, and D refer to synchronizing signal elements. + +![Signal space diagram for 14 400 bit/s modulation. It shows a constellation of 128 points on a complex plane. The horizontal axis (Real) ranges from -8 to 8, and the vertical axis (Imaginary) ranges from -8 to 8. Points are labeled with 6-bit binary sequences. Four specific points are labeled with letters: A (near 2, -5), B (near 5, 3), C (near -3, 7), and D (near -7, -3). The axes are marked with angles: 0 (Re) at the right, 90 (Im) at the top, 180 at the left, and 270 at the bottom. A technical identifier T1402310-96/d01 is in the lower right.](adb1f42239329fa8283d1a40005f989f_img.jpg) + +Signal space diagram for 14 400 bit/s modulation. It shows a constellation of 128 points on a complex plane. The horizontal axis (Real) ranges from -8 to 8, and the vertical axis (Imaginary) ranges from -8 to 8. Points are labeled with 6-bit binary sequences. Four specific points are labeled with letters: A (near 2, -5), B (near 5, 3), C (near -3, 7), and D (near -7, -3). The axes are marked with angles: 0 (Re) at the right, 90 (Im) at the top, 180 at the left, and 270 at the bottom. A technical identifier T1402310-96/d01 is in the lower right. + +FIGURE 1/V.61 + +**Signal space diagram and mapping for modulation at 14 400 bit/s** + +### 5.4.3 Signal element coding for 9600 bit/s + +At 9600 bit/s, the scrambled data stream to be transmitted is divided into groups of four consecutive data bits. The first two bits in time $Q1_{n}$ and $Q2_{n}$ in each group, where $Q1_{n}$ is the first bit in time, where the subscript n designates the sequence number of the group, are first differentially encoded into $Y1_{n}$ and $Y2_{n}$ according to Table 1. The four bits $Y1_{n}$ , $Y2_{n}$ , $Q3_{n}$ , and $Q4_{n}$ are then mapped into the coordinates of the signal element to be transmitted according to the signal space diagram shown in Figure 3. In the figure, binary numbers refer to bits $Y1_{n}$ , $Y2_{n}$ , $Q3_{n}$ , and $Q4_{n}$ . A, B, C, and D refer to synchronizing signal elements. + +#### 5.4.4 Signal element coding for 7200 bit/s + +At 7200 bit/s, the scrambled data stream to be transmitted is divided into groups of three consecutive data bits. The first two bits in time $Q1_{n}$ and $Q2_{n}$ in each group, where $Q1_{n}$ is the first bit in time, where the subscript n designates the sequence number of the group, are first differentially encoded into $Y1_{n}$ and $Y2_{n}$ according to Table 1. The three bits $Y1_{n}$ , $Y2_{n}$ , and $Q3_{n}$ are then mapped into the coordinates of the signal element to be transmitted according to the signal space diagram shown in Figure 4. In the figure, binary numbers refer to bits $Y1_{n}$ , $Y2_{n}$ , and $Q3_{n}$ . A, B, C, and D refer to synchronizing signal elements. + +![Signal space diagram for 12 000 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a constellation of 32 points in the complex plane. The horizontal axis is labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis is labeled '90 (Im)'. Points are labeled with 5-bit binary strings. Synchronizing elements A, B, C, and D are also marked.](d48475a25698b1c0592e4cfe07138f2a_img.jpg) + +| Re | Im | Binary Label | Special Label | +|----|----|--------------|---------------| +| -1 | 5 | 00011 | | +| 1 | 5 | 01101 | | +| -1 | 4 | C | | +| 1 | 4 | 00001 | | +| 3 | 4 | 01111 | | +| -5 | 3 | 11111 | | +| -3 | 3 | 10110 | | +| -1 | 3 | 11010 | | +| 1 | 3 | 10100 | | +| 3 | 3 | 11110 | | +| 5 | 3 | 10011 | | +| -5 | 1 | 01001 | | +| -3 | 1 | 00100 | | +| -1 | 1 | 01000 | | +| 1 | 1 | 00000 | | +| 3 | 1 | 01010 | | +| 5 | 1 | 00101 | B | +| -5 | -1 | 11101 | | +| -3 | -1 | 10010 | | +| -1 | -1 | 11000 | | +| 1 | -1 | 10000 | | +| 3 | -1 | 11100 | | +| 5 | -1 | 10001 | | +| -5 | -3 | 01011 | D | +| -3 | -3 | 00110 | | +| -1 | -3 | 01100 | | +| 1 | -3 | 00010 | | +| 3 | -3 | 01110 | | +| 5 | -3 | 00111 | | +| -1 | -5 | 10111 | | +| 1 | -5 | 11001 | | +| -1 | -6 | A | | +| 1 | -6 | 10101 | | +| 3 | -6 | 11011 | | + +Signal space diagram for 12 000 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a constellation of 32 points in the complex plane. The horizontal axis is labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis is labeled '90 (Im)'. Points are labeled with 5-bit binary strings. Synchronizing elements A, B, C, and D are also marked. + +FIGURE 2/V.61 + +Signal space diagram and mapping for modulation at 12 000 bit/s + +![Signal space diagram for 9600 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a 16-point constellation. The horizontal axis is labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis is labeled '90 (Im)'. Points are labeled with 4-bit binary strings. Synchronizing elements A, B, C, and D are marked.](ff2492be4fa814905acbad18f261b8a5_img.jpg) + +| Re | Im | Binary Label | Special Label | +|----|----|--------------|---------------| +| -3 | 3 | 1011 | | +| -1 | 3 | 1101 | C | +| 1 | 3 | 1010 | | +| 3 | 3 | 1111 | | +| -3 | 1 | 0010 | | +| -1 | 1 | 0100 | | +| 1 | 1 | 0000 | | +| 3 | 1 | 0101 | B | +| -3 | -1 | 1001 | D | +| -1 | -1 | 1100 | | +| 1 | -1 | 1000 | | +| 3 | -1 | 1110 | | +| -3 | -3 | 0011 | | +| -1 | -3 | 0110 | | +| 1 | -3 | 0001 | A | +| 3 | -3 | 0111 | | + +Signal space diagram for 9600 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a 16-point constellation. The horizontal axis is labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis is labeled '90 (Im)'. Points are labeled with 4-bit binary strings. Synchronizing elements A, B, C, and D are marked. + +FIGURE 3/V.61 + +Signal space diagram and mapping for modulation at 9600 bit/s + +#### 5.4.5 Signal element coding for 4800 bit/s + +At 4800 bit/s, the scrambled data stream to be transmitted is divided into groups of two consecutive data bits. The two bits $Q1_n$ and $Q2_n$ , where $Q1_n$ is the first bit in time, where the subscript $n$ designates the sequence number of the group, are first differentially encoded into $Y1_n$ and $Y2_n$ according to Table 1. The two bits $Y1_n$ and $Y2_n$ are then mapped into the coordinates of the signal element to be transmitted according to the signal space diagram shown in Figure 5. In the figure, binary numbers refer to bits $Y1_n$ and $Y2_n$ . A, B, C, and D refer to synchronizing signal elements. + +![Signal space diagram for 7200 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a complex plane with the horizontal axis labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis labeled '90 (Im)'. The axes have tick marks at 180, 0, and 270 degrees. The horizontal axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. The vertical axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. Eight signal elements are plotted as black dots, each labeled with a 3-bit binary code: 001, 010, 000, 101, 110, 100, 111, and 011. The elements are arranged around the origin. Points are labeled with letters A, B, C, and D: A is near (0, -2) labeled 100 and 011; B is near (2, 0) labeled 000 and 111; C is near (0, 2) labeled 010 and 101; D is near (-2, 0) labeled 001 and 110. The reference T1402340-96/d04 is in the bottom right.](36ac3e730a00d3f42d3400f5709f641a_img.jpg) + +Signal space diagram for 7200 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a complex plane with the horizontal axis labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis labeled '90 (Im)'. The axes have tick marks at 180, 0, and 270 degrees. The horizontal axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. The vertical axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. Eight signal elements are plotted as black dots, each labeled with a 3-bit binary code: 001, 010, 000, 101, 110, 100, 111, and 011. The elements are arranged around the origin. Points are labeled with letters A, B, C, and D: A is near (0, -2) labeled 100 and 011; B is near (2, 0) labeled 000 and 111; C is near (0, 2) labeled 010 and 101; D is near (-2, 0) labeled 001 and 110. The reference T1402340-96/d04 is in the bottom right. + +FIGURE 4/V.61 + +**Signal space diagram and mapping for modulation at 7200 bit/s** + +![Signal space diagram for 4800 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a complex plane with the horizontal axis labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis labeled '90 (Im)'. The axes have tick marks at 180, 0, and 270 degrees. The horizontal axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. The vertical axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. Four signal elements are plotted as black dots, each labeled with a 2-bit binary code: 11, 01, 10, and 00. The elements are arranged in a 2x2 grid. The top row contains 11 (C) and 01 (B). The bottom row contains 10 (D) and 00 (A). The reference T1402350-96/d05 is in the bottom right.](42ff8b598a0818ca8b6ef30850ad5f4e_img.jpg) + +Signal space diagram for 4800 bit/s modulation. The diagram shows a complex plane with the horizontal axis labeled '0 (Re)' and the vertical axis labeled '90 (Im)'. The axes have tick marks at 180, 0, and 270 degrees. The horizontal axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. The vertical axis has tick marks at -2 and 2. Four signal elements are plotted as black dots, each labeled with a 2-bit binary code: 11, 01, 10, and 00. The elements are arranged in a 2x2 grid. The top row contains 11 (C) and 01 (B). The bottom row contains 10 (D) and 00 (A). The reference T1402350-96/d05 is in the bottom right. + +FIGURE 5/V.61 + +**Signal space diagram and mapping for modulation at 4800 bit/s** + +## 5.5 Audio plus data coding + +#### 5.5.1 Audio processing system description + +#### 5.5.1.1 Signal element coding for 4800 bit/s plus audio + +At 4800 bit/s, the scrambled data stream to be transmitted is divided into groups of two consecutive data bits. The two bits $Q1_n$ and $Q2_n$ , where $Q1_n$ is the first bit in time, where the subscript $n$ designates the sequence number of the group, are first differentially encoded into $Y1_n$ and $Y2_n$ according to Table 1. The two bits $Y1_n$ and $Y2_n$ are then mapped into the coordinates of the data signal element according to the signal space diagram shown in Figure 6. In the figure, binary numbers refer to bits $Y1_n$ and $Y2_n$ . + +![Signal space diagram and mapping for audio plus data modulation at 4800 bit/s. The diagram shows a complex plane with the real axis (Re) and imaginary axis (Im). Four data signal elements are marked with black dots and labeled: 01, 11, 10, and 00. Each point is centered within a dotted-line parallelogram region.](dd0f5301a5a6dd7c319701302110de88_img.jpg) + +Detailed Description of Figure 6: The figure is a signal space diagram on a Cartesian coordinate system. The horizontal axis is the real axis, labeled '0 (Re)' on the right and '180' on the left. The vertical axis is the imaginary axis, labeled '90 (Im)' at the top and '270' at the bottom. The axes have tick marks at intervals of 2 units (labeled -6, -4, -2, 2, 4, 6). There are four distinct regions defined by dotted-line parallelograms, each containing a black dot representing a data signal element. Two dashed lines intersect at the origin, dividing the plane into four quadrants. The data points and their approximate coordinates are as follows: + +| Data Label | Approximate Real (Re) Coordinate | Approximate Imaginary (Im) Coordinate | +|------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------------| +| 01 | 3 | 1 | +| 11 | -2 | 4 | +| 10 | -4 | -2 | +| 00 | 2 | -3 | + +The text 'T1402360-96/d06' is in the lower right corner. + +Signal space diagram and mapping for audio plus data modulation at 4800 bit/s. The diagram shows a complex plane with the real axis (Re) and imaginary axis (Im). Four data signal elements are marked with black dots and labeled: 01, 11, 10, and 00. Each point is centered within a dotted-line parallelogram region. + +FIGURE 6/V.61 +**Signal space diagram and mapping for audio plus data +modulation at 4800 bit/s** + +The audio signal is processed as described in 5.5.2 to generate complex-valued audio signal elements at the modem symbol rate. The audio signal element is summed with the data signal element to produce the audio plus data signal element to be transmitted. + +The audio plus data constellation shall be scaled such that, when the complex-valued audio signal elements have zero magnitude, the transmitted power level is $-2.5$ dB relative to the transmitted power of the data-only constellations. + +NOTE – The audio signal element is scaled and limited such that the audio plus data signal element generated will remain in the region (shown by dotted lines in Figure 6) designated by the data signal element. + +##### 5.5.1.2 Functional elements + +Figure 7 shows the block diagram of the audio processing functions in the modem transmitter. Bold arrows indicate that the values passed from one functional block to another are complex-valued. Shaded blocks indicate data-only modem functions, or groups of functions, that do not change significantly with the addition of audio processing. The **S** designation next to arrows indicates symbol rate information. The **MS** designation indicates information at either 3 or 4 samples/symbol, and the **F** designation indicates audio frame rate information. + +NOTE – Other equivalent methods may be used in place of the audio frequency translation and filtering functions shown in Figure 7 and described in this Recommendation. + +#### 5.5.1.3 Audio carrier frequency and processing rates + +The audio carrier is shown in Figure 7 as $w$ . The carrier frequency is 1600 Hz when the modulation rate is 3000 symbols/s and 1493.3 Hz when the modulation rate is 2800 symbols/s. + +![Audio functional block diagram showing the signal processing flow from an audio source to the GSTN output.](4ee27dbf5ef12e7b58b0ef0937bc5a5e_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the functional blocks of an audio system. The signal flow is as follows: + +- Input:** The process starts at **From audio source**. The signal passes through a **Pre-emphasis filter**. +- Optional Blocks:** + - Optional filter coefficient generation** interacts with the Pre-emphasis filter and provides control signal **B**. + - Optional audio activity detect** receives input from the Pre-emphasis filter and provides control signal **D**. +- Signal Splitting (MS):** The signal splits into two paths: + - Upper Path (Inphase signal):** Passes through a multiplier ( $\otimes$ ) with **MS**, then a **Lowpass filter**, another multiplier ( $\otimes$ ) with $\cos(w)$ , and a third multiplier ( $\otimes$ ) controlled by **Adaptive gain coefficient generation**. + - Lower Path (Quadrature signal):** Passes through a multiplier ( $\otimes$ ) with **MS**, then a **Lowpass filter**, another multiplier ( $\otimes$ ) with $\sin(w)$ , and a third multiplier ( $\otimes$ ) controlled by **Adaptive gain coefficient generation**. +- Adaptive Gain and Phase:** The combined signals from the upper and lower paths enter **Adaptive gain coefficient generation** (influenced by control **C**), followed by **Alternate symbol phase inversion**, **Asymmetric scaling**, and **Relative phase encoder**. +- Data Path:** **User Data** and **Optional auxiliary control data** (providing control **D**) feed into a **Frame control signal encoder** (also receiving control **B** and **C**). This leads to a **Mux**, then a **Scrambler, Data Signal Space Encoder**. +- Output Stage:** The outputs from the **Relative phase encoder** and the **Scrambler, Data Signal Space Encoder** are combined at a summing junction ( $\oplus$ ). The resulting signal goes through **Modulation and filtering** to the final output **To GSTN**. + +T1402370-96/d07 + +Audio functional block diagram showing the signal processing flow from an audio source to the GSTN output. + +FIGURE 7/V.61 +Audio functional block diagram + +Processes which operate on signals at the symbol rate, shown in Figure 7 as **S**, occur at 3000 samples/s when the modulation rate is 3000 symbols/s and at 2800 samples/s when the modulation rate is 2800 symbols/s. + +Processes which operate on signals at an integer multiple of the symbol rate, shown in Figure 7 as **MS**, occur at either 3 or 4 samples/symbol. At 3000 symbols/s, the **MS** rate is either 9000 samples/s or 12 000 samples/s. At 2800 symbols/s, the **MS** rate is either 8400 samples/s or 11 200 samples/s. + +Processes which operate on signals at the frame rate, shown in Figure 7 as **F**, occur at 42.857 samples/s when the modulation rate is 3000 symbols/s and at 40 samples/s when the modulation rate is 2800 symbols/s. In either case, there are 70 symbols/frame. + +#### 5.5.2 Audio functions + +##### 5.5.2.1 Pre-emphasis filter + +A pre-emphasis filter is applied to the audio source signal. The filter operates at the **MS** rate and is of the form: + +$$y(k) = c_0x(k) + c_1x(k-1) + c_2x(k-2)$$ + +where $x(k)$ is the signal input to the pre-emphasis filter and $y(k)$ is the output of the pre-emphasis filter. + +The coefficients $c_0$ , $c_1$ and $c_2$ of the pre-emphasis filter shall be selected from the coefficient sets in Table 2 (for 3 samples/symbol) or Table 3 (for 4 samples/symbol). The coefficients may be adaptively selected or fixed. If adaptive, they shall be updated once per frame. + +The index indicating the filter coefficient set in use in the pre-emphasis filter shall be transmitted in the control information once per frame to the receiver. The index shall be transmitted regardless of whether the pre-emphasis coefficients are fixed or adaptive. The index for each set of filter coefficients is shown in Table 2 (for 3 samples/symbol) or Table 3 (for 4 samples/symbol). + +NOTE – If the coefficients are fixed, they should be set to values which provide compromise compensation for the expected spectral content in the input signal. + +##### 5.5.2.1.1 Pre-emphasis coefficient interpolation + +If adaptively selected, the filter coefficients in the transmitter shall be interpolated over a 70 symbol period in the manner described below. The filter coefficients in the receiver shall be interpolated regardless of whether the transmit pre-emphasis in the modem is fixed or adaptive. + +In the following discussion, the subscript $f$ designates the frame number in which the symbol is transmitted. Control information transmitted during the control segment at the end of frame $f$ is used on data starting in frame $f+1$ . Coefficient set **C** refers to a matrix representation of $[c_0, c_1, c_2]$ . + +- 1) During the control segment at the end of frame $f$ , the index for coefficient set $C_f$ is transmitted. +- 2) The audio signal element transmitted in symbol $70_f$ is most closely associated with pre-emphasis filter coefficient set $C_{f-1}$ (see Note). +- 3) During frame $f+1$ , the audio signal elements transmitted in symbols $m_{f+1}$ (where $1 \leq m \leq 70$ ) are most closely associated with filter coefficient sets **C** as expressed by: + +$$C = \frac{70-m}{70} C_{f-1} + \frac{m}{70} C_f$$ + +- 4) The audio signal element transmitted in symbol $70_{f+1}$ is most closely associated with pre-emphasis filter coefficient set $C_f$ . + +NOTE – Due to the group delay in filtering which takes place in the system between the pre-emphasis filter in the transmitter and the de-emphasis filter in the receiver, there is not an exact relationship between an audio signal element and the filter coefficients which were used to process it. For this reason, the phrase “most closely associated with” is used. + +TABLE 2/V.61 + +###### Pre-emphasis filter coefficient sets for 3 samples/symbol + +| Index | $c_0$ | $c_1$ | $c_2$ | Index | $c_0$ | $c_1$ | $c_2$ | +|-------|-------|---------------|-------------|-------|-------|---------------|-------------| +| 0 | 1 | 0.884995209 | 0.78321652 | 32 | 1 | −0.7964956881 | 0.626573216 | +| 1 | 1 | 0.7964956881 | 0.626573216 | 33 | 1 | −0.7079961672 | 0.469929912 | +| 2 | 1 | 0.7079961672 | 0.469929912 | 34 | 1 | −0.6194966463 | 0.313286608 | +| 3 | 1 | 0.6194966463 | 0.313286608 | 35 | 1 | −0.5309971254 | 0.156643304 | +| 4 | 1 | 0.5309971254 | 0.156643304 | 36 | 1 | −1.0471404528 | 0.78321652 | +| 5 | 1 | 0.6855143412 | 0.78321652 | 37 | 1 | −0.9424264075 | 0.626573216 | +| 6 | 1 | 0.6169629071 | 0.626573216 | 38 | 1 | −0.8377123623 | 0.469929912 | +| 7 | 1 | 0.54841147291 | 0.469929912 | 39 | 1 | −0.7329983170 | 0.313286608 | +| 8 | 1 | 0.47986003881 | 0.313286608 | 40 | 1 | −0.6282842717 | 0.156643304 | +| 9 | 1 | 0.41130860471 | 0.156643304 | 41 | 1 | −1.1873456683 | 0.78321652 | +| 10 | 1 | 0.39578188941 | 0.78321652 | 42 | 1 | −1.0686111014 | 0.626573216 | +| 11 | 1 | 0.3562037005 | 0.626573216 | 43 | 1 | −0.9498765346 | 0.469929912 | +| 12 | 1 | 0.3166255115 | 0.469929912 | 44 | 1 | −0.8311419678 | 0.313286608 | +| 13 | 1 | 0.2770473226 | 0.313286608 | 45 | 1 | −0.7124074010 | 0.156643304 | +| 14 | 1 | 0.2374691337 | 0.156643304 | 46 | 1 | −1.3126600260 | 0.78321652 | +| 15 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.78321652 | 47 | 1 | −1.1813940234 | 0.626573216 | +| 16 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.626573216 | 48 | 1 | −1.0501280208 | 0.469929912 | +| 17 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.469929912 | 49 | 1 | −0.9188620182 | 0.313286608 | +| 18 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.313286608 | 50 | 1 | −0.7875960156 | 0.156643304 | +| 19 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.156643304 | 51 | 1 | −1.4270118962 | 0.78321652 | +| 20 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 52 | 1 | −1.2843107066 | 0.626573216 | +| 21 | 1 | −0.3957818894 | 0.78321652 | 53 | 1 | −1.1416095170 | 0.469929912 | +| 22 | 1 | −0.3562037005 | 0.626573216 | 54 | 1 | −0.9989083273 | 0.313286608 | +| 23 | 1 | −0.3166255115 | 0.469929912 | 55 | 1 | −1.5328566664 | 0.78321652 | +| 24 | 1 | −0.2770473226 | 0.313286608 | 56 | 1 | −1.3795709998 | 0.626573216 | +| 25 | 1 | −0.2374691337 | 0.156643304 | 57 | 1 | −1.2262853332 | 0.469929912 | +| 26 | 1 | −0.6855143412 | 0.78321652 | 58 | 1 | −1.0729996665 | 0.313286608 | +| 27 | 1 | −0.6169629071 | 0.626573216 | 59 | 1 | −1.6318505348 | 0.78321652 | +| 28 | 1 | −0.5484114729 | 0.469929912 | 60 | 1 | −1.4686654813 | 0.626573216 | +| 29 | 1 | −0.4798600388 | 0.313286608 | 61 | 1 | −1.3054804278 | 0.469929912 | +| 30 | 1 | −0.4113086047 | 0.156643304 | 62 | 1 | −1.7251732597 | 0.78321652 | +| 31 | 1 | −0.884995209 | 0.78321652 | 63 | 1 | −1.5526559337 | 0.626573216 | + +##### 5.5.2.2 Audio signal modulation, lowpass filtering, and decimation + +The audio signal output of the pre-emphasis filter is multiplied by cosine ( $2\pi w t$ ) and sine ( $2\pi w t$ ) to create inphase and quadrature modulated signals, respectively, at the **MS** sample rate. The inphase and quadrature signals are then each identically lowpass filtered to attenuate signals above **S/2** Hz. The requirements for the lowpass filters are shown in Figure 8 and Table 4. The filtered signals are then decimated to the **S** sample rate. + +TABLE 3/V.61 + +###### Pre-emphasis filter coefficient sets for 4 samples/symbol + +| Index | $c_0$ | $c_1$ | $c_2$ | Index | $c_0$ | $c_1$ | $c_2$ | +|-------|-------------|--------------|-------------|-------|-------------|--------------|-------------| +| 0 | 1.291801095 | 0.000000001 | 0.854577894 | 32 | 1.454143027 | -1.174453159 | 0.685964906 | +| 1 | 1.253001035 | 0.004652322 | 0.741849221 | 33 | 1.390928825 | -1.048767118 | 0.534687377 | +| 2 | 1.211947717 | 0.022543164 | 0.623057212 | 34 | 1.305238620 | -0.888876106 | 0.361066453 | +| 3 | 1.160100525 | 0.066482360 | 0.497823414 | 35 | 1.208268991 | -0.677907190 | 0.175101482 | +| 4 | 1.063671483 | 0.190003279 | 0.360982958 | 36 | 1.541979855 | -1.385400088 | 0.824850632 | +| 5 | 1.343202202 | -0.173901619 | 0.850489181 | 37 | 1.491599502 | -1.269345607 | 0.688436094 | +| 6 | 1.305885180 | -0.158333233 | 0.735208444 | 38 | 1.424215030 | -1.135631197 | 0.537687835 | +| 7 | 1.266239381 | -0.131552552 | 0.613716842 | 39 | 1.333388274 | -0.967231349 | 0.364988292 | +| 8 | 1.218625758 | -0.084171440 | 0.485428491 | 40 | 1.238844149 | -0.765323288 | 0.188173066 | +| 9 | 1.138659463 | 0.020103969 | 0.345529877 | 41 | 1.574660760 | -1.472367261 | 0.826003040 | +| 10 | 1.406945306 | -0.407838344 | 0.845979494 | 42 | 1.521748946 | -1.350044569 | 0.690228267 | +| 11 | 1.370832625 | -0.376500123 | 0.727813850 | 43 | 1.449898382 | -1.209199697 | 0.539626902 | +| 12 | 1.332396683 | -0.335851653 | 0.603311019 | 44 | 1.353909219 | -1.033882302 | 0.367923950 | +| 13 | 1.289181062 | -0.279852639 | 0.471869219 | 45 | 1.254021095 | -0.841230369 | 0.198811940 | +| 14 | 1.225243356 | -0.187489440 | 0.328973513 | 46 | 1.603163888 | -1.549144645 | 0.826994789 | +| 15 | 1.506727543 | -0.703260338 | 0.844292514 | 47 | 1.546371500 | -1.421036526 | 0.691471735 | +| 16 | 1.464649643 | -0.651320813 | 0.724186792 | 48 | 1.469501400 | -1.273542024 | 0.540711285 | +| 17 | 1.419828482 | -0.591107647 | 0.596477195 | 49 | 1.367871103 | -1.092915062 | 0.370438450 | +| 18 | 1.369213221 | -0.518449464 | 0.458852970 | 50 | 1.336680055 | -0.951055284 | 0.227407580 | +| 19 | 1.305449423 | -0.423148509 | 0.305665425 | 51 | 1.628155194 | -1.618416872 | 0.827822156 | +| 20 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 52 | 1.566972155 | -1.484928514 | 0.692356904 | +| 21 | 1.562504948 | -0.976674295 | 0.840253011 | 53 | 1.482500745 | -1.330616101 | 0.540823538 | +| 22 | 1.521298510 | -0.904039665 | 0.717476775 | 54 | 1.375737036 | -1.147888806 | 0.373643470 | +| 23 | 1.477755491 | -0.823766959 | 0.587185121 | 55 | 1.648395124 | -1.681683047 | 0.828318973 | +| 24 | 1.430686770 | -0.733208631 | 0.447143226 | 56 | 1.581111763 | -1.542699566 | 0.692414482 | +| 25 | 1.382067466 | -0.630494861 | 0.293371280 | 57 | 1.485939833 | -1.381276648 | 0.539647380 | +| 26 | 1.597831664 | -1.166594845 | 0.837739334 | 58 | 1.472867882 | -1.238964738 | 0.402374618 | +| 27 | 1.557337037 | -1.079047023 | 0.713330369 | 59 | 1.639566778 | -1.737433844 | 0.826003040 | +| 28 | 1.514781808 | -0.984079589 | 0.581511866 | 60 | 1.597386728 | -1.597260935 | 0.693350179 | +| 29 | 1.469443518 | -0.879549356 | 0.439843960 | 61 | 1.552962164 | -1.449716190 | 0.554969725 | +| 30 | 1.168137086 | -0.576426823 | 0.160640671 | 62 | 1.683775159 | -1.795340535 | 0.829310356 | +| 31 | 1.502307230 | -1.283251581 | 0.823367311 | 63 | 1.622302338 | -1.651513607 | 0.696904208 | + +TABLE 4/V.61 + +###### **Reference frequencies for lowpass filter response** + +| Symbol rate | A | B | C | +|-----------------|---------|---------|---------| +| 3000 symboles/s | 1350 Hz | 1500 Hz | 1600 Hz | +| 2800 symboles/s | 1260 Hz | 1400 Hz | 1493 Hz | + +![Figure 8/V.61: Lowpass filter response graph. The y-axis is 'Gain response' in dB, with values 0 dB, -0.65 dB, -26 dB, and -50 dB. The x-axis is 'Frequency' in Hz, with markers at 0 Hz, A, B, and C. The graph shows a step-like response: 0 dB from 0 Hz to A, -0.65 dB from A to B, -26 dB from B to C, and -50 dB from C onwards. The area under the curve is shaded with diagonal lines. A dashed line connects -26 dB to B, and another connects -50 dB to C. An arrow points to the right at the end of the -50 dB line.](1a6a826cc13d4e964b7bda69508d78e6_img.jpg) + +T1402380-96/d08 + +Figure 8/V.61: Lowpass filter response graph. The y-axis is 'Gain response' in dB, with values 0 dB, -0.65 dB, -26 dB, and -50 dB. The x-axis is 'Frequency' in Hz, with markers at 0 Hz, A, B, and C. The graph shows a step-like response: 0 dB from 0 Hz to A, -0.65 dB from A to B, -26 dB from B to C, and -50 dB from C onwards. The area under the curve is shaded with diagonal lines. A dashed line connects -26 dB to B, and another connects -50 dB to C. An arrow points to the right at the end of the -50 dB line. + +FIGURE 8/V.61 + +###### **Lowpass filter response** + +#### **5.5.2.3 Adaptive gain** + +The inphase and quadrature output signals from the decimator are scaled by adaptive gain factors which are updated once per frame. The permissible values of the gain factors are controlled by the following rules: + +- The reference value is 1 (0 dB). +- Values are permitted in a series of 32 geometric steps with a ratio of $\sqrt[4]{2}$ ( $\approx 1.505$ dB) between adjacent values. The highest value is $(\sqrt[4]{2})^{31}$ ( $\approx 46.66$ dB). +- The values applied to the inphase and quadrature signals must be within 3 steps ( $\approx 4.515$ dB) of each other. + +A combined adaptive gain index representing the inphase and quadrature gain factors used in the transmitter shall be transmitted in the control information once per frame to the receiver. The index transmitted in frame $n$ shall indicate the gain factors applied to the audio signal in symbols 1 through 70 of frame $n + 1$ . The index shall be generated using the following rules: + +- The desired gain factors are determined for the inphase and quadrature signals. The signal with the smaller of the two gain factors is referred to as the *base signal*. The signal with the larger gain factor is referred to as the *delta signal*. +- If necessary, the gain factor for the delta signal is limited so that it is no more than 3 steps larger than the gain factor for the base signal. +- The index contains 8 bits. Bits G4 through G0 represent the gain factor for the base signal, with G4 the most significant bit. Bits D1 and D0 represent the delta between the gain factors for the base signal and the delta signal, with D1 the most significant bit. Bit GF is a flag bit used to indicate which signal is the base signal. Refer to 5.6.1. +- Bits G4 through G0 represent the number of gain steps above unity gain applied to the base signal. A value of 0 represents unity gain (0 dB). A value of 31 represents gain of: $(\sqrt[4]{2})^{31}$ ( $\approx 46.66$ dB) +- Bits D1 through D0 represent the number of gain steps that must be added to the base signal gain factor to produce the delta signal gain factor. A value of 0 indicates that the base signal and delta signal use the same gain factor. A value of 3 indicates that the gain factor for the delta signal is 3 steps ( $\approx 4.515$ dB) larger than the gain factor for the base signal. +- Bit GF is set to 0 to indicate that the inphase signal is the base signal, or 1 to indicate that the quadrature signal is the base signal. + +#### 5.5.2.4 Alternate symbol phase inversion + +The gain-adapted inphase and quadrature signals together constitute a complex-valued signal, sampled at the symbol rate, the inphase signal being the real component and the quadrature signal being the imaginary component. In each symbol, the complex-valued audio signal is phase rotated $180^\circ$ relative to the previous symbol. + +#### 5.5.2.5 Asymmetric scaling + +The real and imaginary components of the complex-valued samples generated by the alternate symbol phase inverter are each scaled asymmetrically. Negative-going components are scaled such that the maximum excursion of the combined signal element in the direction from one data signal element to an adjacent data signal element will be approximately 0.7 times the distance from the data signal element to a line dividing the signal quadrants (the dashed lines shown in Figure 6). Positive-going components are multiplied by a scalar twice as large as that used for negative-going components. The resulting range of the combined signal elements is shown by the regions enclosed within the dotted lines in Figure 6. + +#### 5.5.2.6 Relative phase encoding + +The audio signal elements generated by the asymmetric scalar are rotated through a phase angle which is dependent on the data signal element associated with that symbol. The rotation phase angle for each data signal element is defined in Table 5, with reference to the data signal elements shown in Figure 6. + +## 5.6 Control segment encoding + +At 3000 symbols/s, there are 14 symbols per frame in the control segment. At 2800 symbols/s, there are 10 control segment symbols per frame. The encoding uses the first two bits in time in each symbol period, for a total of 28 bits per frame at 3000 symbols/s and 20 bits per frame at 2800 symbols/s (see Table 6). In addition, during frames in which more than two bits per symbol are transmitted, the third bit in time in each symbol period is transmitted as a redundant copy of the D bit defined in Table 6. During frames in which more than three bits per symbol are transmitted, bits after the third bit in time in each symbol are transmitted as zeros. + +The audio parametric and control information transmitted in each control segment applies to the succeeding frame. + +TABLE 5/V.61 + +### **Phase rotation applied to audio signal elements** + +| Data signal element | Phase angle for rotation | +|---------------------|--------------------------| +| 00 | 243.43° | +| 01 | 333.43° | +| 11 | 63.43° | +| 10 | 153.43° | + +### **5.6.1 Dibit encoding** + +The encoding applied to the first two bits in each symbol of the control segment is shown in Table 6. Bits 1 and 2 in the table are the dibit in the first symbol transmitted within the control segment. Of these two bits, bit 2 is first in time in the serial bit stream. At 3000 symbols/s, bits 27 and 28 are transmitted in the last symbol, with bit 28 first in time in the serial bit stream. At 2800 symbols/s, bits 19 and 20 are transmitted in the last symbol, with bit 20 first in time in the serial bit stream. + +Five bits at 3000 symbols/s, and four bits at 2800 symbols/s, are transmitted twice within the control segment. The bits are inverted and transmitted a second time to provide a check of frame synchronization and to enable biased decisions at the receiver in the event of potential bit errors. + +### **5.6.2 Redundant bit data-only encoding** + +When data-only frames are transmitted at rates that allow transmission of more than 2 bits per symbol, the third bit in time in the serial bit stream for each symbol transmitted in the control segment is used as a redundant Data-Only bit. This bit is transmitted with the same polarity as the Data-Only bit and may be used at the receiver to provide additional assurance of the received state of that indicator. + +### **5.6.3 Auxiliary control channel** + +Eight bits per control segment (C7 through C0) are allocated within data-only frames for transmission of auxiliary control data. The nature of the auxiliary data is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +An additional bit (AC) is used within data-only frames to indicate whether bits C7 through C0 contain auxiliary control information. Refer to Table 6. + +## **5.7 Multiplexing/demultiplexing of data and control segments** + +The control information in the control segment of each frame is multiplexed with user data to form a single serial data stream at the input to the scrambler in the transmitter. The control and data segments are demultiplexed from the serial data stream at the output of the descrambler in the receiver. + +# **6 Interfaces** + +## **6.1 DTE interface** + +When a standardized physical interface for the interchange circuits is not present, the equivalent functionality of the circuits must still be provided (Table 7). + +TABLE 6/V.61 + +### **Dibit encoding in control segment** + +| Bit | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | +|--------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----| +| A+D | 1* | 1* | 0* | 1* | 1* | 1* | 0* | P5 | P4 | P3 | P2 | P1 | P0 | D | L | G4 | G3 | G2 | G1 | G0 | D1 | D0 | D | L | G4 | G3 | G2 | GF | +| D uniqueness | 1* | 1* | 0* | 1* | 1* | 1* | 0* | 1* | 1* | 1* | 0* | AC | DB | D | C7 | C6 | C5 | C4 | C3 | C2 | C1 | C0 | D | C7 | C6 | C5 | C4 | 1* | + +a) Dibit encoding at 3000 symbols/s + +| Bit | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | +|--------|----|----|----|----|----|----|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|----| +| A+D | P5 | P4 | P3 | P2 | P1 | P0 | D | L | G4 | G3 | G2 | G1 | G0 | D1 | D0 | D | L | G4 | G3 | GF | +| D only | 1* | 1* | 1* | 0* | AC | DB | D | C7 | C6 | C5 | C4 | C3 | C2 | C1 | C0 | D | C7 | C6 | C5 | 1* | + +b) Dibit encoding at 2800 symbols/s + +| | | +|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| A + D | Audio+Data Mode. Control bit definitions within an audio plus data frame | +| D uniqueness | Data-Only Mode. Control bit definitions within a data-only frame | +| P5-P0 | Pre-emphasis filter coefficient index. P5 is the most significant bit, P0 is the least significant bit. Refer to 5.5.2.1 | +| D, D | Data-Only bit which defines the state of the succeeding frame. 1 = data-only, 0 = data+audio. D is the inverted state of D (see Note 1). When there are more than 2 bit/symbol, an additional redundant bit is added in each symbol as described in 5.6. Refer to 5.6.2 | +| L, L | Control loop lock bit. 1 = lock, 0 = unlock. L is the inverted state of L (see Note 2). A 1 in this bit indicates that the magnitude of the audio information in the frame is sufficiently large in one or more symbols to recommend locking of control loop update algorithms in the receiver | +| G4 - G0, D1 - D0, GF, G4 , G3 , G2 | Adaptive gain combined index. G4 , G3 , and G2 are the inverted states of G4, G3, and G2, respectively (see Note 3). Refer to 5.5.2.3 | +| DB | Indicates whether Data-Only mode is due to user control or audio silence. 0 = silence, 1 = user control. Refer to 5.3.3 | +| C7 - C0 | Auxiliary control channel bits. When the auxiliary control channel is not in use, the suggested default polarities for C7 through C0 are 01110111, with C7 in the leftmost position and C0 in the rightmost position. Refer to 5.6.3 | +| AC | Auxiliary control channel enable. 1 = control segment contains auxiliary control data, 0 = control segment contains default state. Refer to 5.6.3 | +| * | Suggested default state (see Note 4) | + +#### NOTES + +- 1 Redundant bits may be combined using the logical OR function at receiver (after check bit inversion) to bias the decision towards data-only frames. +- 2 Redundant bits may be combined using the logical OR function at receiver (after check bit inversion) to bias towards locked decision. +- 3 Redundant bits may be combined using the logical OR function at receiver (after check bit inversion) to bias towards maximum attenuation of audio signal in receiver. +- 4 All undefined bit positions may be defined at a future date. The polarities shown are suggested default states for the transmitter, but should not be relied upon in the receiver + +### 6.1.1 Synchronous interfacing (see Note 1) + +The modems shall accept synchronous data from the DTE on circuit 103 (see Recommendation V.24) under control of circuit 113 or 114 (see Note 2). The modem shall pass synchronous data to the DTE on circuit 104 under the control of circuit 115. The modem shall provide to the DTE, a clock on circuit 115 for receive-data timing. The transmit-data timing may, however, originate in the DTE and be transferred to the modem via circuit 113 (see Note 2). In some applications, it may be necessary to slave the transmitter timing to the receiver timing inside the modem (see Note 3). + +After the start-up and retrain sequences, circuit 106 must follow the state of circuit 105 within 2 ms. + +OFF to ON and ON to OFF transitions of circuit 109 should occur solely with the operating sequences defined in clause 8. Thresholds and response times are inapplicable because a line signal detector cannot be expected to distinguish wanted received signals from unwanted talker echos. + +##### **NOTES** + +1 The subject of synchronous mode operation with variable data rates may require further study. It may be necessary to revise Recommendation V.24 (or other Recommendations) to specify timing effects during data rate transitions. + +2 Since the transmitted data rate must change synchronously with the beginning of new audio frames, circuit 113 shall not be used to control transmit signal element timing when variable data rates are enabled. + +3 The transmitter timing may not be slaved to the receiver timing when variable data rates are enabled in either direction. + +### 6.1.2 Asynchronous character-mode interfacing + +The modulation process operates synchronously. However, the modem may be associated with an asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion entity interfacing to the DTE in an asynchronous (or start-stop character) mode. The protocol for conversion shall be in accordance with Recommendation V.14 or V.42. Other facilities such as V.42 *bis* data compression may also be employed. + +### 6.1.3 Electrical characteristics of interchange circuits + +When a standardized physical interface is provided, the electrical characteristic conforming to Recommendation V.28 will normally be used. Alternatively, the electrical characteristics conforming to Recommendations V.10 and V.11 may be used. The connector and pole assignments specified by ISO 2110, corresponding to the electrical characteristics provided, shall be used. + +### 6.1.4 Fault condition on interchange circuits + +The DTE shall interpret a fault condition on circuit 107 as an OFF condition using failure detection type 1. + +The DTE shall interpret a fault condition on circuits 105 and 108 as an OFF condition using failure detection type 1. + +All other circuits not referred to may use failure detection types 0 or 1. + +NOTE – See clause 7/V.28 and clause 11/V.10. + +## 6.2 Audio interface + +Definition of the physical characteristics of the audio interface is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +# 7 Scrambler and descrambler + +A self-synchronizing scrambler and descrambler shall be included in the modem. Each transmission direction uses a different scrambler. The method of allocating the scramblers is described in 7.1. According to the direction of transmission, the generating polynomial is: + +Call mode modem generating polynomial: $(GPC) = 1 + x^{-18} + x^{-23}$ , or + +Answer mode generating polynomial: $(GPA) = 1 + x^{-5} + x^{-23}$ + +TABLE 7/V.61 + +### **Interchange circuits** + +| Interchange circuit | | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|--------------| +| No. | Description | | +| 102 | Signal ground or common return | | +| 103 | Transmitted data | | +| 104 | Received data | | +| 105 | Request to send | | +| 106 | Ready for sending | | +| 107 | Data set ready | (Note 1) | +| 108/1 or | Connect data set to line | | +| 108/2 | Data terminal ready | | +| 109 | Data channel received line signal detector | (Note 1) | +| 113 | Transmitter signal element timing (DTE source) | (Notes 2, 4) | +| 114 | Transmitter signal element timing (DCE source) | (Notes 3, 5) | +| 115 | Receiver signal element timing (DCE source) | (Notes 3, 5) | +| 125 | Calling indicator | (Note 6) | +| 135 | Received energy present | | +| 140 | Loopback/maintenance | | +| 141 | Local loopback | | +| 142 | Test indicator | | +|

NOTES

1 This circuit shall be capable of operation as circuit 108/1 or circuit 108/2 depending on its use. Operation of circuits 107 and 108/1 shall be in accordance with 4.4/V.24.

2 When the modem is not operating in a synchronous mode at the interface, any signals on this circuit shall be disregarded. Many DTEs operating in an asynchronous mode do not have a generator connected to this circuit.

3 When the modem is not operating at a synchronous mode at the interface, this circuit shall be clamped to the OFF condition. Many DTEs operating in an asynchronous mode do not terminate this circuit.

4 When the modem is transmitting with variable data rates due to silence detection, this circuit shall not be used.

5 The subject of synchronous mode operation with variable data rates may require further study.

6 Implementation of signal 135 is required only if it is intended that the modem support text telephony.

| | | + +At the transmitter, the scrambler shall effectively divide the message data sequence by the generating polynomial. The coefficients of the quotients of this division, taken in descending order, form the data sequence which shall appear at the output of the scrambler. At the receiver, the received data sequence shall be multiplied by the scrambler generating polynomial to recover the message sequence. + +## 7.1 Scrambler/descrambler allocation + +On the general switched telephone network, the call mode modem shall use the scrambler with the GPC generating polynomial and the descrambler with the GPA generating polynomial. The answer mode modem shall use the scrambler with the GPA generating polynomial and the descrambler with the GPC generating polynomial. On point-to-point leased circuits or when calls are established on the GSTN by operators or users, the call mode/answer mode designation will be by bilateral agreement between Administrations or users and the scrambler/descrambler allocation will be the same as used on the GSTN. + +# 8 Operating procedures + +## 8.1 Call establishment, capabilities exchange, and mode selection procedures + +For connections on the GSTN, the call establishment, capabilities exchange, and mode selection procedures to be used shall be as defined in Recommendation V.8 *bis*. For point-to-point leased connections, use of Recommendation V.8 *bis* is optional. + +## 8.2 V.25 automatic answering sequence + +If the mode selection procedures as defined in Recommendation V.8 *bis* are used (see 8.1), the answer mode modem shall transmit the answering sequence specified in those procedures. If Recommendation V.8 *bis* is not used, the start-up procedure shall be initiated with the V.25 automatic answering sequence. + +## 8.3 Symbol rate determination signal + +The symbol rate determination signal shall be used in the start-up procedure defined in clause 9 below. The signal is denoted by S or AA in Figure 9 and may consist of either of the two signals. If S, the signal consists of alternations between states A and B as shown in Figure 5. If AA, the signal consists of repetitions of state A as shown in Figure 5. In either case, the signal is transmitted for a duration of 256 symbol intervals. This signal is always transmitted at a symbol rate of 3000 symbols/s. + +## 8.4 Channel holding signal + +The channel holding signal shall be used in the start-up procedure defined in clause 9 below. The signal, denoted by DCBA in Figure 9 consists of repetitions of the sequence of states D, C, B, and A as shown in Figure 5. This signal is always transmitted at a symbol rate of 3000 symbols/s. + +## 8.5 Round trip delay estimating signals + +The round trip delay estimating signals shall be used in the start-up and retrain procedures defined in clauses 9 and 10 below. The calling modem shall transmit signal G and signal G, and the answering modem shall transmit signal F and signal E, as defined in Table 8 for each symbol rate. Signals E and G are at the same frequencies as, but inverted in phase with respect to, signals F and G. + +TABLE 8/V.61 + +Round-trip delay estimating signals + +| Symbol rate | F | G | +|----------------|-------------|-------------| +| 3000 symbols/s | 2100 ± 1 Hz | 1500 ± 1 Hz | +| 2800 symbols/s | 1960 ± 1 Hz | 1400 ± 1 Hz | + +## 8.6 Receiver conditioning signal + +The receiver conditioning signal shall be used in the start-up and retrain procedures defined in clauses 9 and 10 below. The signal consists of three segments: + +### 8.6.1 Segment 1 + +Segment 1, denoted by S in Figures 9 and 10, consists of alternations between states A and B as shown in Figure 5, for a duration of 256 symbol intervals. + +![Timing diagram for the start-up procedure of a modem. The diagram shows the sequence of signals between a Call mode modem and an Answer mode modem. The Call mode modem sends SorAA, DCBA, G, and G. The Answer mode modem sends ANS, SorAA, F, E, F, S, S, TRN, and R1. The diagram includes various timing intervals such as 256T, 64 ± 2T, 16T, 128T, and 50T. It also shows the transition from 3000 symbols/s to 2800 or 3000 symbols/s. The diagram is labeled with 106, 104, 109, and 107.](7133ccf78043568ca62ecbcd43628a4a_img.jpg) + +Timing diagram for the start-up procedure of a modem. The diagram shows the sequence of signals between a Call mode modem and an Answer mode modem. The Call mode modem sends SorAA, DCBA, G, and G. The Answer mode modem sends ANS, SorAA, F, E, F, S, S, TRN, and R1. The diagram includes various timing intervals such as 256T, 64 ± 2T, 16T, 128T, and 50T. It also shows the transition from 3000 symbols/s to 2800 or 3000 symbols/s. The diagram is labeled with 106, 104, 109, and 107. + +T1402390-96/d09 + +| | | +|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| S, S | Signal states ABAB... AB, CDCD... CD | +| AA | Signal states AAAA... A | +| DCBA | Signal states DCBADCBA... DCBA | +| F, F | 2100 Hz (or 1960 Hz) tone, tone 180° out of phase relative to signal F | +| G, G | 1500 Hz (or 1400 Hz) tone, tone 180° out of phase relative to signal G | +| MT, NT | Round trip delays observed from answer and call modems respectively, including $64T \pm 2T$ modem turn around delay | +| TRN | Scrambled ones using the 4-phase data constellation with dibits encoded directly to states A, B, C, and D | +| R1, R2, R3 | Each a repeated sequence consisting of three 16-bit rate words, using the 4-phase data constellation, scrambled and differentially encoded as in Table 1 | +| E | A single 16-bit sequence marking and following the end of a whole number of 16-bit rate words in R2 and R3 | +| B1 | Binary ones scrambled and encoded for the subsequent transmission of data | +| CT | First control segment | + +FIGURE 9/V.61 +Start-up procedure + +### 8.6.2 Segment 2 + +Segment 2, denoted by S in Figures 9 and 10, consists of alternations between states C and D as shown in Figure 5, for a duration of 16-symbol intervals. + +NOTE – The transition from segment 1 to segment 2 provides a well-defined event in the signal that may be used for generating a time reference in the receiver. + +### 8.6.3 Segment 3 + +Segment 3, denoted by TRN in Figures 9 and 10, is a sequence derived by scrambling binary ones using the 4-phase constellation shown in Figure 5 with the scrambler defined in clause 7. During the transmission of this segment, the differential quadrant encoding shall be disabled. The initial state of the scrambler shall be all zeroes, and a binary one applied to the input for the duration of segment 3. Successive dibits are encoded onto transmitted signal states. + +a) Retrain initiated by the calling modem + +Image: Timing diagram for retrain initiated by the calling modem + +This diagram shows the sequence of signals between a 'Call mode modem' and an 'Answer mode modem'. Key signals include G, S, TRN, Rate signal R2, E, B1, CT, and Data for the calling modem; and F, E, S, TRN, R1, R3, B1, CT, and Data for the answering modem. Timing intervals like 64 ± 2T, NT 256T, =>1280T, 8T, 50T, and 128T are specified. Control signals like Clamp 104, Clamp audio, Unclamp audio, and Unclamp 104 are also indicated. + +b) Retrain initiated by the answering modem + +Image: Timing diagram for retrain initiated by the answering modem + +This diagram shows a similar sequence to (a) but initiated by the answering modem. It includes signals G, S, TRN, Rate signal R2, E, B1, CT, and Data for the calling modem; and F, E, S, TRN, R1, R3, B1, CT, and Data for the answering modem. Timing intervals and control signals are similar to diagram (a), with specific differences in the initiation phase. + +T1402400-96/d10 + +- F, E 2100 Hz (or 1960 Hz) tone, tone 180° out of phase relative to signal F +- G, G 1500 Hz (or 1400 Hz) tone, tone 180° out of phase relative to signal G +- MT, NT Round trip delays observed from answer and call modems respectively, including 64T ± 2T modem turn around delay +- S, S Signal states ABAB... AB, CDCD... CD +- TRN Scrambled ones using the 4-phase data constellation with dibits encoded directly to states A, B, C, and D +- R1, R2, R3 Each a repeated sequence consisting of three 16-bit rate words, using the 4-phase data constellation, scrambled and differentially encoded as in Table 1 +- E A single 16-bit sequence marking and following the end of a whole number of 16-bit rate words in R2 and R3 +- B1 Binary ones scrambled and encoded for the subsequent transmission of data +- CT First control segment + +FIGURE 10/V.61 +**Retrain procedures** + +22 **Recommendation V.61 (08/96)** + +The first 256 transmitted signal states are determined from the state of the first bit occurring (in time) in each dibit. When this bit is ZERO, signal state A is transmitted; when this bit is ONE, signal state C is transmitted. Depending on whether the modem is in call or answer mode, the scrambler output patterns and corresponding signal states will then begin as below, where the bits and the signal states are shown in time sequence from left to right. + +Call mode modem: + +GPC: 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 00 00 01 11 11 11 +C C C C C C C C C A A A C C C + +Answer mode modem: + +GPA: 11 11 10 00 00 11 11 10 00 00 11 10 01 11 11 +C C C A A C C C A A C C A C C + +Immediately after 256 such symbols, successive scrambled dibits are encoded onto transmitted signal states in accordance with Table 9 directly without differential encoding for the remainder of segment 3. The duration of segment 3 shall be at least 1280 and not exceed 8192 symbol intervals. + +Segment 3 is intended for training the adaptive equalizer in the receiving modem and the echo canceller in the transmitting modem. + +TABLE 9/V.61 + +#### **Encoding the TRN segment after the first 256 symbols** + +| Dibit | Signal state | +|-------|--------------| +| 00 | A | +| 01 | B | +| 11 | C | +| 10 | D | + +## 8.7 Rate signal + +The rate signal shall be used in the start-up, retrain, and rate re-negotiating procedures. + +The rate signal consists of a set of three 16-bit binary sequences, as defined in Tables 10, 11, and 12, scrambled and transmitted using the 4-phase data constellation shown in Figure 5 with dibits differentially encoded as in Table 1. The three 16-bit sequences are transmitted sequentially, with rate word 1 transmitted first, followed by rate words 2 and 3, respectively. Each 16-bit binary sequence is repeated a whole number of times. In the start-up and retrain procedures (see clauses 9 and 10), the differential encoder shall be initialized using the final symbol of the transmitted TRN segment. + +In the rate negotiation procedure (see clause 11), the differential encoder shall be initialized using the final symbol of the transmitted preamble and the scrambler shall be initialized to all zeros. + +The first two bits and each successive dibit of the rate sequence shall be encoded to form the transmitted signal states. + +### 8.7.1 Detecting a rate signal + +The minimum requirement for detection is the receipt of two identical occurrences of rate word 1, the start of the second occurring 48-bit periods in time after the start of the first, each with bits B0-B3, B7, B11, and B15 conforming to Table 10. + +TABLEAU 10/V.61 + +##### **Coding of rate word 1** + +| B0 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | B8 | B9 | B10 | B11 | B12 | B13 | B14 | B15 | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|---------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--| +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B0-B3, B7, B11, B15 | | | | For synchronizing on a rate signal | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B4, B8 | | | | = 1, 1 for rate word 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B5 | | | | 1 denotes that data-only operation at 4800 bit/s is enabled | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B6 | | | | 1 denotes that data-only operation at 9600 bit/s is enabled | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B9 | | | | 1 denotes that data-only operation at 7200 bit/s is enabled | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B10 | | | | 1 denotes that data-only operation at 12 000 bit/s is enabled | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B12 | | | | 1 denotes that data-only operation at 14 400 bit/s is enabled | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B13, B14 | | | | = 0, 0 (Note 1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTES | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 B13 and B14 shall be set to zero when transmitting and ignored during the reception of rate word 1; they are reserved for future definition and must not be used by manufacturers. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 2 B4-B6, B9-B10, B12 set to zero calls for a GSTN clear-down. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +TABLEAU 11/V.61 + +##### **Coding of rate word 2** + +| B0 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | B8 | B9 | B10 | B11 | B12 | B13 | B14 | B15 | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|-------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | +| B0-B3, B7, B11, B15 | | | | For synchronizing on a rate signal | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B4, B8 | | | | = 1, 0 for rate word 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B5 | | | | 1 denotes that voice plus data operation at 4800 bit/s is enabled | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B6, B9, B10, B12-B14 | | | | = 0 (Note) | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE – B6, B9, B10, B12, B13, and B14 shall be set to zero when transmitting and ignored during the reception of rate word 2; they are reserved for future definition and must not be used by manufacturers. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +### **8.7.2 Ending the rate signal** + +In order to mark the end of transmission of any rate signal other than R1 (see Figure 9), the modem shall first complete the transmission of the current 16-bit rate word, and then transmit one 16-bit sequence E, coded as shown in Table 13. + +Bits B4-B12 in sequence E shall be encoded as in Table 10 except the only data rate to be indicated shall relate to the transmission of scrambled binary ones immediately following signal E. + +# **9 Start-up procedure** + +The procedure for achieving synchronism between the calling modem and the answering modem on GSTN connections is shown in Figure 9. The procedure includes the estimating of channel transmission bandwidth in each direction and negotiation of symbol rate, the estimating of round trip delay from each modem, the training of echo cancellers and receivers initially with half-duplex transmissions, and the exchanging of rate signals for automatic bit-rate and mode selection. + +TABLE 12/V.61 + +##### **Coding of rate word 3** + +| B0 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | B8 | B9 | B10 | B11 | B12 | B13 | B14 | B15 | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | 1 | +| B0-B3, B7, B11, B15 | | | | For synchronizing on a rate signal | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B4, B8 | | | | = 0, 1 for rate word 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B14 | | | | 1 denotes that silence detection should be enabled at the receiving modem's transmitter | | | | | | | | | | | | +| B5, B6, B9, B10, B12, B13 | | | | = 0 (Note) | | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE – B5, B6, B9, B10, B12, and B13 shall be set to zero when transmitting and ignored during the reception of rate word 3; they are reserved for future definition and must not be used by manufacturers. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + +TABLE 13/V.61 + +#### **Coding of sequence E** + +| B0 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | B8 | B9 | B10 | B11 | B12 | B13 | B14 | B15 | +|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | + +The procedures defined in this clause apply regardless of whether they occur at call establishment on the GSTN, after a call has been established on the GSTN in voice-only mode, or on point-to-point leased circuits. On point-to-point leased circuits or when calls are pre-established on the GSTN by operators or users, the call mode/answer mode designation will be by bilateral agreement between Administrations or users. The start-up procedures will be as defined below, with the call establishment, capabilities exchange, and mode selection procedure initiated by either user. + +## 9.1 Call mode modem + +On connection to the GSTN line, the modem shall be conditioned to detect start-up signals specified in Recommendation V.8 *bis*. On point-to-point leased connections, the modem shall be conditioned to detect start-up signals specified in Recommendation V.8 *bis*, or answer tone as specified in Recommendation V.25, or both of the above signals. + +If start-up signals, as specified in Recommendation V.8 *bis*, are detected the procedures specified in that Recommendation shall be followed. Upon completion of the mode selection protocol defined in Recommendation V.8 *bis*, the modem shall be conditioned to detect answer tone as specified in Recommendation V.25. + +After receiving the answer tone, as specified in Recommendation V.25, for a period of at least 1 s, the modem shall be connected to line (see Note 2) and shall condition the scrambler and descrambler in accordance with 7.1. + +The modem shall transmit a symbol rate determination signal (see 8.3) for 256 symbol intervals at a symbol rate of 3000 symbols/s. If the modem is configured for 3000 symbols/s, it shall send S as the symbol rate determination signal. If the modem is configured for 2800 symbols/s, it shall send AA as the signal. After completing transmission of the symbol rate determination signal, the modem shall continuously transmit the DCBA sequence (see 8.4) at a symbol rate of 3000 symbols/s. + +After a delay of 256 symbol intervals after detection of the end of answer tone, the modem shall condition itself to detect the symbol rate determination signal from the remote modem. + +On detection of the symbol rate determination signal, the modem shall determine whether the received sequence is S or AA. If the received sequence is AA, the modem shall condition itself to continue at 2800 symbols/s. If the received sequence is S, the modem may condition itself to continue at either 2800 symbols/s or 3000 symbols/s (See Note 1). + +The modem shall continuously transmit the G tone (see 8.5). + +The modem shall be conditioned to detect an incoming F tone (see 8.5), and subsequently to detect a phase reversal in that tone. + +On detection of one such phase reversal, the modem shall be conditioned to detect a second phase reversal in the same tone, start a counter/timer and transmit a phase reversal in the transmitted G tone. The time delay between reception of this phase reversal at the line terminals and the transmitted phase reversal appearing at the line terminals shall be $64 \pm 2$ symbol periods. + +On detection of a second phase reversal in the same incoming tone, the modem shall stop the counter/timer and cease transmitting. + +When the modem detects an incoming S sequence (see 8.6), it shall proceed to train its receiver, and then seek to detect at least two consecutive identical occurrences of rate word 1 (see 8.7.1) as defined in Table 10. + +On detection of the rate signal (R1), the modem shall transmit an S sequence for a period NT already estimated by the counter/timer. + +After this period has expired, the modem shall transmit the receiver conditioning signal as defined in 8.6, starting with an S sequence for 256 symbol intervals. + +Transmission of the TRN segment of the receiver conditioning signal may be extended in order to ensure a satisfactory level of echo cancellation (see Note 3). + +After the TRN segment, the modem shall apply an ON condition to circuit 107 and transmit a rate signal (R2) in accordance with 8.7 to indicate the currently available data rates and modes. R2 shall exclude rates not appearing in the previously received rate signal R1. It is recommended that R2 also take account of the likely receiver performance of the estimated GSTN connection. If it appears that satisfactory performance cannot be attained at any of the available data rates, then R2 should be used to call for a GSTN clear-down in accordance with Table 10. + +Transmission of R2 shall continue until an incoming rate signal R3 is detected. The modem shall then, after completing its current 16-bit rate word, transmit a single 16-bit sequence E in accordance with 8.7.2 indicating the data rate called for in R3. If, however, R3 is calling for GSTN clear-down in accordance with Table 10, then the call modem shall disconnect (see Note 4) from line and effect a clear-down. + +The modem shall then transmit continuous scrambled binary ones at the data rate called for in R3. After a delay of 50 symbol intervals following transmission of the E sequence, the modem shall transmit the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following completion of the transmission of this control segment, the modem shall continue to transmit binary ones, either at the data rate called for in R3 (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is audio plus data). + +On detecting an incoming 16-bit E sequence as defined in 8.7.2, the modem shall condition itself to receive data at the rate indicated by the incoming E sequence. After a delay of 50 symbols following detection of the E sequence, the modem shall condition itself for receipt of the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following receipt of the control segment, the modem shall condition itself to receive data, either at the data rate indicated by the incoming E sequence (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is audio plus data). After a delay of 128-symbol intervals following detection of the incoming E sequence, it shall apply an ON condition to circuit 109, and unclamp circuit 104. + +The modem shall then enable circuit 106 to respond to the condition of circuit 105 and be ready to transmit data. + +#### NOTES + +1 Manufacturers are cautioned that the ITU-T is considering the transmission of energy at frequencies above 3400 Hz during transmission of the symbol rate determination signal. Detection of energy resulting from transmission at these frequencies should be ignored during the determination of symbol rate. + +2 Once an incoming G tone is detected, the calling modem may proceed with the start-up sequence even if no F tone has been detected. + +3 Manufacturers are cautioned that a period of 650 ms is needed for training any network echo cancellers conforming to Recommendation G.165 that may be encountered on GSTN connections. + +4 If the voice terminal equipment is enabled (i.e. on-hook) when a data session is disconnected, such action shall not physically disconnect the voice terminal equipment from the line. The modem shall relinquish on-hook control of the line to the voice terminal equipment. + +## 9.2 Answer mode modem + +On connection to the GSTN line, the modem shall be conditioned to detect the signals specified in Recommendation V.8 *bis* and shall transmit the start-up signals specified in that Recommendation. Upon initiation of a start-up procedure on point-to-point leased connections, the modem shall transmit either the V.25 answer sequence or the start-up signals specified in Recommendation V.8 *bis*. If Recommendation V.8 *bis* is used, the modem shall follow the procedures specified in that Recommendation. Following the procedures specified in Recommendation V.8 *bis*, or upon initiation of a start-up procedure if Recommendation V.8 *bis* is not used, the modem shall condition the scrambler and descrambler in accordance with 7.1 and shall transmit the V.25 answer sequence. On transmission of the answer sequence, the modem shall be conditioned to detect the symbol rate determination signal (see 8.3). + +On detection of the symbol rate determination signal, the modem shall stop sending answer tone. + +The modem shall determine whether the received sequence is S or AA. If the received sequence is AA, the modem shall condition itself to send AA as the return symbol rate determination signal. If the received sequence is S, the modem may condition itself to send S or AA as the return symbol rate determination signal (see Note 1). + +On detecting the transition from the symbol rate determination signal to the DCBA sequence, the modem shall send the return symbol rate determination signal for 256 symbol intervals. The modem shall be conditioned to detect the G signal at either 1500 Hz or 1400 Hz. + +On detection of the G signal, the modem shall determine whether the received signal is at 1500 Hz or 1400 Hz. If the sequence is received at 1500 Hz, the modem shall condition itself to continue at 3000 symbols/s. If the sequence is received at 1400 Hz, the modem shall condition itself to continue at 2800 symbols/s. The modem shall then continuously transmit the F tone. + +After the F tone has been transmitted for a number of symbol intervals greater than or equal to 128 *and* an incoming G tone has been detected for 64 symbol periods (see Note 3), the modem shall be conditioned to detect a phase reversal in the incoming tone, start a counter/timer, and transmit a phase reversal in the transmitted F tone. + +On detecting a phase reversal in the incoming tone, the modem shall stop the counter/timer and transmit a second phase reversal in the transmitted F tone. The time delay between the reception of the incoming phase reversal at the line terminals and the transmitted phase reversal appearing at the line terminals shall be $64 \pm 2$ symbol periods. + +When an amplitude drop is detected in the incoming tone, the modem shall cease transmitting for a period of 16-symbol intervals and then transmit the receiver conditioning signal as defined in 8.6. + +Transmission of the TRN segment of the receiver conditioning signal may be extended in order to ensure a satisfactory level of echo cancellation (see Note 2). + +After the TRN segment, the modem shall transmit a rate signal (R1) in accordance with 8.7 to indicate the data rates currently available in the answer modem and associated DTE. + +On detection of an incoming S sequence, the modem shall cease transmitting. + +The modem shall wait for a period MT already estimated by the counter/timer and then, if an incoming S sequence persists, the modem shall proceed to train its receiver. + +After training its receiver, the modem shall seek to detect at least two consecutive identical incoming 16-bit rate words as defined in 8.7.1. + +On detection of a rate signal (R2), the modem shall apply an ON condition to circuit 107 and transmit a second receiver conditioning signal as defined in 8.6. + +After the TRN segment, the modem shall transmit a second rate signal (R3) in order to indicate the data rates to be used by both modems. The data rates selected by R3 shall be within those indicated by R2. It is recommended that R3 also take account of the likely performance of the answer modem receiver with the particular GSTN connection established. If R2 is calling for a GSTN cleardown (see Table 10) and/or it appears that satisfactory performance cannot be attained by the answer modem at any of the available data rates, then R3 should call for a GSTN cleardown, in accordance with Table 10. + +When the modem detects an incoming 16-bit E sequence as defined in 8.7.2, it shall condition itself to receive data at the rate indicated by the E sequence. After a delay of 50 symbols following detection of the E sequence, the modem shall condition itself for receipt of the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following receipt of the control segment, the modem shall condition itself to receive data, either at the data rate indicated by the incoming E sequence (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is audio plus data). + +The modem shall complete the current 16-bit rate word and then transmit a single 16-bit E sequence indicating the data rate to be used in the subsequent transmission of scrambled binary ones. + +The modem shall transmit scrambled binary ones for 50-symbol intervals. The modem shall then transmit the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following completion of the transmission of this control segment, the modem shall continue to transmit binary ones, either at the data rate called for in R3 (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is audio plus data). After a total of 128-symbol intervals has elapsed following transmission of the E sequence, the modem shall enable circuit 106 to respond to the condition of circuit 105 and be ready to transmit data. + +The modem shall also apply an ON condition to circuit 109 and unclamp circuit 104. + +#### NOTES + +1 Manufacturers are cautioned that the ITU-T is considering the transmission of energy at frequencies above 3400 Hz during transmission of the symbol rate determination signal. Detection of energy resulting from transmission at these frequencies should be ignored during the determination of symbol rate. + +2 Manufacturers are cautioned that a period of 650 ms is needed for training any network echo cancellers conforming to Recommendation G.165 that may be encountered on GSTN connections. + +3 The answering modem may disconnect from the line (see Note 5) if the G tone is not detected following initial transmission of the F tone. However, to assure compatibility with manual originating data stations, it shall not disconnect (see Note 5) for at least 3 seconds after the F tone has been transmitted. + +4 If R3 is calling for a GSTN cleardown, the modem shall repeat the transmission of signal R3 for not less than 64 symbol intervals before clearing the connection. + +5 If the voice terminal equipment is enabled (i.e. on-hook) when a data session is disconnected, such action shall not physically disconnect the voice terminal equipment from the line. The modem shall relinquish on-hook control of the line to the voice terminal equipment. + +# 10 Retrain procedure + +A retrain may be initiated during data transmission if either modem incorporates a means of detecting unsatisfactory signal reception. Figure 10 a) shows a retrain event initiated by the calling modem and Figure 10 b) shows a retrain event initiated by the answering modem. The procedure is as follows: + +## **10.1 Call mode modem** + +Following detection of unsatisfactory signal reception or detection of the F tone for more than 128-symbol intervals, the modem shall turn OFF circuit 106, clamp circuit 104 to binary 1 and continuously transmit the G tone, using the frequency previously assigned for the symbol rate established during the start-up procedure. It shall then proceed in accordance with 9.1 beginning with the seventh paragraph. + +## **10.2 Answer mode modem** + +Following detection of unsatisfactory signal reception or detection of the G tone for more than 128-symbol intervals, the modem shall turn OFF circuit 106, clamp circuit 104 to binary 1 and continuously transmit the F tone, using the frequency previously assigned for the symbol rate established during the start-up procedure. It shall then proceed in accordance with 9.2 beginning with the seventh paragraph. + +## **10.3 Operation of circuits 107 and 109 during retrain procedure** + +Circuit 107 shall be maintained in the ON condition during the retrain procedure. + +Circuit 109 shall be maintained in the ON condition except that the OFF condition may optionally be applied if transmission of the first G segment in the call modem or the first F segment in the answer modem continues for a period exceeding 45 seconds. If the retrain procedure is subsequently completed, the ON condition shall be re-applied to circuit 109 at the time the circuit 104 is unclamped. + +# **11 Rate renegotiating procedure** + +The following procedure shall be provided to enable modems to change their data signalling rates without retraining. Either modem may transmit a proposal for desired data signalling rates. The procedure comprises a preamble followed by a rate code. + +The preamble transmitted by the call mode modem consists of signal AA for a period 56T followed by signal CC for a period 8T. The preamble transmitted by the answer mode modem consists of signal AC for a period 56T followed by a signal CA for a period 8T. + +The rate signal is as defined in 8.7. The initial state of the scrambler shall be all zeros and the differential encoder shall be initialized using the final symbol of the transmitted preamble. + +The rate renegotiating procedure is shown in Figure 11. Figure 11 a) shows the procedure as initiated by the calling modem; Figure 11 b) shows the procedure as initiated by the answering modem. + +## **11.1 Initiating procedure** + +Rate negotiation may be initiated at any time during data transmission. + +When a data signalling rate change is desired, the initiating modem shall turn circuit 106 OFF and transmit the appropriate preamble followed by a rate signal R4. R4 shall indicate the desired rates in the initiating modem and all lower data signalling rates at which the initiating modem is enabled to operate. + +Following detection of the preamble (this might occur during transmission of a preamble if both modems initiate the procedure almost simultaneously), the initiating modem shall clamp circuit 104 to binary one and condition its receiver to detect rate signal R5. + +On detection of rate signal R5, the initiating modem shall condition its receiver to detect sequence E. Then, when R4 has been transmitted for a minimum of 64T, it shall complete the current 16-bit rate word and transmit sequence E in accordance with 8.7.2 indicating the highest data signalling rates common to R4 and R5 (see Notes 1, 2). The initiating modem shall then transmit scrambled binary ones at the data-only signalling rate for 24T. The initiating modem shall then enable circuit 106 to respond to the condition of circuit 105 and be ready to transmit data. + +![Timing diagram for rate negotiation initiated by the calling modem. The diagram shows two horizontal timelines for 'Call mode modem' and 'Answer mode modem'. The Call mode modem timeline includes segments: Data, AA (56T), CC (8T), Rate signal R4 (=>64T), E (8T), B1 (24T), Data, CT, and Data. The Answer mode modem timeline includes segments: Data, AC (56T), CA (8T), Rate signal R5 (64T), E (8T), B1 (24T), Data, CT, and Data. Vertical arrows indicate interactions between modems. Control points 104 (Clamp audio) and 106 (Unclamp audio) are marked. A 50T interval is shown after the E segment for both modems.](7ae836e598020d937ed1478c2ef13025_img.jpg) + +Call mode modem + +Answer mode modem + +106 + +104 + +Clamp audio + +Unclamp audio + +24T + +50T + +56T + +8T + +=>64T + +8T + +24T + +Data + +AA + +CC + +Rate signal R4 + +E + +B1 + +Data + +CT + +Data + +Data + +AC + +CA + +Rate signal R5 + +E + +B1 + +Data + +CT + +Data + +Clamp audio + +104 + +106 + +104 + +50T + +106 + +Unclamp audio + +56T + +8T + +64T + +8T + +24T + +Timing diagram for rate negotiation initiated by the calling modem. The diagram shows two horizontal timelines for 'Call mode modem' and 'Answer mode modem'. The Call mode modem timeline includes segments: Data, AA (56T), CC (8T), Rate signal R4 (=>64T), E (8T), B1 (24T), Data, CT, and Data. The Answer mode modem timeline includes segments: Data, AC (56T), CA (8T), Rate signal R5 (64T), E (8T), B1 (24T), Data, CT, and Data. Vertical arrows indicate interactions between modems. Control points 104 (Clamp audio) and 106 (Unclamp audio) are marked. A 50T interval is shown after the E segment for both modems. + +**a) Rate negotiation initiated by the calling modem** + +![Timing diagram for rate negotiation initiated by the answering modem. Similar to diagram (a), but the Rate signals are swapped: Call mode modem sends Rate signal R5 (64T) and Answer mode modem sends Rate signal R4 (=>64T). The sequence of segments and timing intervals (56T, 8T, 24T, 50T) remains consistent with the initiation by the answering modem. Control points 104 and 106 for audio clamping/unclamping are also indicated.](cfb98c691c1af5befe32ff9442eea511_img.jpg) + +Call mode modem + +Answer mode modem + +104 + +106 + +Clamp audio + +Unclamp audio + +24T + +50T + +56T + +8T + +64T + +8T + +24T + +Data + +AA + +CC + +Rate signal R5 + +E + +B1 + +Data + +CT + +Data + +Data + +AC + +CA + +Rate signal R4 + +E + +B1 + +Data + +CT + +Data + +Clamp audio + +106 + +104 + +106 + +Unclamp audio + +56T + +8T + +=>64T + +8T + +24T + +T1402410-96/d11 + +Timing diagram for rate negotiation initiated by the answering modem. Similar to diagram (a), but the Rate signals are swapped: Call mode modem sends Rate signal R5 (64T) and Answer mode modem sends Rate signal R4 (=>64T). The sequence of segments and timing intervals (56T, 8T, 24T, 50T) remains consistent with the initiation by the answering modem. Control points 104 and 106 for audio clamping/unclamping are also indicated. + +**b) Rate negotiation initiated by the answering modem** + +FIGURE 11/V.61 + +### Rate negotiation procedure + +After a delay of 50-symbol intervals following transmission of the E sequence, the modem shall transmit the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following completion of the transmission of this control segment, the modem shall continue to transmit data, either at the highest data-only signalling rate common to both R4 and R5 (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is audio plus data). + +On detecting sequence E, the initiating modem shall condition itself to receive data at the highest data-only signalling rate common to both R4 and R5 and, after a delay of 24T, shall unclamp circuit 104. + +After a delay of 50 symbols following detection of the E sequence, the modem shall condition itself for receipt of the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following receipt of the control segment, the modem shall condition itself to receive data, either at the highest data-only signalling rate common to both R4 and R5 (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is audio plus data). + +## 11.2 Responding procedure + +A modem shall be conditioned to detect an incoming preamble at any time while receiving data. + +When a preamble is detected, the modem shall clamp circuit 104 to binary one and shall condition its receiver to detect rate signal R4. On detection of R4, the responding modem shall turn circuit 106 OFF and shall transmit the appropriate preamble. + +Following the transmission of the preamble, the responding modem shall begin transmitting signal R5. R5 shall indicate the desired rate in the responding modem and all lower data signalling rates at which the responding modem is enabled to operate irrespective of the rates indicated in R4 (see Note 1). + +After R5 has been transmitted for a period of 64T, the responding modem shall transmit sequence E in accordance with 8.7.2 indicating the highest signalling rate common to R4 and R5 (see Note 2). The modem shall then transmit scrambled binary ones at the data-only signalling rate for 24T. The responding modem shall then enable circuit 106 to respond to the condition of circuit 105 and be ready to transmit data. + +After a delay of 50-symbol intervals following transmission of the E sequence, the modem shall transmit the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following completion of the transmission of this control segment, the modem shall continue to transmit data, either at the highest data-only signalling rate common to both R4 and R5 (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the transmitted control segment is audio+data). + +On detecting sequence E, the responding modem shall condition itself to receive data at the highest data-only signalling rate common to both R4 and R5 and, after a delay of 24T, shall unclamp circuit 104. + +After a delay of 50 symbols following detection of the E sequence, the modem shall condition itself for receipt of the first symbol of the first control segment as described in 5.6. Following receipt of the control segment, the modem shall condition itself to receive data, either at the highest data-only signalling rate common to both R4 and R5 (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is data-only) or at 4800 bit/s plus audio (if the frame defined by the incoming control segment is audio plus data). + +#### NOTES + +1 If the highest data-only signalling rate indicated in R5 is less than the desired rate requested in R4, this may be either because line conditions do not permit the responding modem to operate currently at the desired rate or because this rate has been disabled in the responding modem. Both possibilities should be taken into account in determining the desirability of further rate negotiation. + +2 If R4 or R5 is calling for a GSTN clear-down in accordance with Table 10 or R4 and R5 have no rates in common, the modem shall complete the renegotiation procedure by repeating the transmission of sequence E for not less than 64T before clearing the connection. + +# 12 Testing facilities + +Test loops 2 and 3 as defined in Recommendation V.54 shall be provided. Provision for test loop 2 shall be as specified for point-to-point circuits. Operation of test loops 2 and 3 shall be limited to data-only mode. + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Telephone network and ISDN | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media | +| Series H | Transmission of non-telephone signals | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of sound-programme and television signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound-programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminal equipments and protocols for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communication | +| Series Z | Programming languages | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.7-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.7-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..66412856f54ae0b24854202e8f031f6a04b88ee0 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.7-198811-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a7cafe25d563af62a326eb0e9930129524893e0fb16cb431aacd25f8ed54ed31 +size 7392 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.7-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/V/T-REC-V.7-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0050e39c8f71ee053f7b87fb6639cac93533c81d --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.7-198811-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ + + +![ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt symbol.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt symbol. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +## V.7 + +# **DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +## --- **DEFINITIONS OF TERMS CONCERNING DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +### **ITU-T Recommendation V.7** + +(Extract from the *Blue Book*) + +--- + +## NOTES + +1 ITU-T Recommendation V.7 was published in Fascicle VIII.1 of the *Blue Book*. This file is an extract from the *Blue Book*. While the presentation and layout of the text might be slightly different from the *Blue Book* version, the contents of the file are identical to the *Blue Book* version and copyright conditions remain unchanged (see below). + +2 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## **DEFINITIONS OF TERMS CONCERNING DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +*(Geneva, 1980; amended at Malaga-Torremolinos, 1984 and at Melbourne, 1988)* + +*Note* - This Recommendation contains only new and amended definitions of terms concerning data communication over the telephone network which were elaborated by Study Group XVII since 1977 and approved by the VIIth and VIIIth Plenary Assemblies of the CCITT. + +It should be noted that there exist a large number of relevant definitions in force which have been published in the *List of definitions of essential telecommunication terms*, Part I (including its two Supplements), *Green Book*, Volume VIII and *Orange Book*, Volume VIII.2. + +### **1 effective data transfer rate** + +*F: débit effectif du transfert des données* + +*S: velocidad real de transferencia de datos* + +The average number of bits, characters, or blocks per unit time transferred from a data source to a data sink and accepted as valid. It is expressed in bits, characters, or blocks per second, minute, or hour. + +### **2 error control** + +*F: contrôle des erreurs* + +*S: control de errores (protección contra errores)* + +That part of a protocol controlling the detection and possibly the correction of transmission errors. + +### **3 data concentrator** + +*F: concentrateur de données* + +*S: concentrador de datos* + +Equipment that permits a common transmission medium to serve more *data sources* than there are data channels currently available within the transmission medium. + +### **4 simple multipoint circuit** + +*F: circuit multipoint simple* + +*S: circuito multipunto simple* + +A multipoint circuit that does not contain more than two DCEs in series and that provides for centralized multipoint operation. + +### **5 inband signalling** + +*F: signalisation dans la bande* + +*S: señalización dentro de banda* + +The exchange of control signals between interconnected DCEs using the DCE line signal band with which data in the forward channel are transmitted. The transmission of DTE data, if any, is disrupted. + +### **6 out-of-band signalling** + +*F: signalisation hors bande* + +*S: señalización fuera de banda* + +The exchange of control signals between interconnected DCEs using signals other than those for the transmission of data in the forward channel. The transmission of DTE data is not disrupted. + +### **7 coded inband signalling** + +*F: signalisation dans la bande avec codage* + +*S: señalización codificada dentro de banda* + +Inband signalling by which control signals are exchanged via data in the forward channel. + +### **8 half-duplex operation** + +*F: exploitation en semi-duplex* + +*S: explotación (o funcionamiento) semidúplex* + +The exchange of data in either direction, one direction at a time. + +### **9 interface rate** + +*F: débit à l'interface* + +*S: velocidad de interfaz* + +The transfer rate of the bit stream found on the physical interchange circuits. + +### **10 information rate** + +*F: débit d'information* + +*S: velocidad de información* + +The transfer of information bits (the equivalent of the bit rate of circuit 103 or 104 on a V.24 interface). + +### **11 control signalling rate** + +*F: débit de la signalisation de commande* + +*S: velocidad de señalización de control* + +The transfer rate of the encoded and multiplexed control signalling (the equivalent of V.24 and V.25 interchange circuits, except the data and timing circuits, insofar as required for an application, with the possibility of adding other signalling). + +### **12 parallel automatic calling** + +*F: appel automatique en parallèle* + +*S: llamada automática paralelo; llamada automática en modo paralelo* + +A procedure by which a DTE, by use of the 200 series interchange circuits, may instruct a DCE to perform the call establishment function. The transmission, from DTE to DCE, of each digit to be dialled is achieved in parallel form on interchange circuits 206 to 209. + +### **13 serial automatic calling** + +*F: appel automatique en série* + +*S: llamada automática serie; llamada automática en modo serie* + +A procedure by which a DTE, by use of the 100 series interchange circuits, may instruct a DCE to perform + +the call establishment function. The transmission from DTE to DCE, of each digit to be dialled, is achieved in serial form on interchange circuit 103. + +### **14 start-stop transmission** + +*F: transmission arythmique* + +*S: transmisión arrítmica* + +A form of anisochronous transmission in which each group of contiguous data units is preceded by a start signal and is terminated by a stop signal. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.70-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.70-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3a58f68885c03bc2fb95bb409d68f7f55947475f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.70-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:97adcbdebb3326a1af9817c0266d6c1cef088a8f97dc377b1e5fd01e721d14f7 +size 8269 diff --git 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a lightning bolt striking the globe.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.70 + +(08/96) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Transmission quality and maintenance + +--- + +**Procedures for the simultaneous transmission +of data and digitally encoded voice signals over +the GSTN, or over 2-wire leased point-to-point +telephone type circuits** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.70 + +(Previously “CCITT Recommendation”) + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK + +- 1 – General +- 2 – Interfaces and voiceband modems +- 3 – Wideband modems +- 4 – Error control +- 5 – **Transmission quality and maintenance** +- 6 – Interworking with other networks + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). + +ITU-T Recommendation V.70 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 14 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 16th of August 1996. + +# --- NOTE + +1. In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. +2. The status of annexes and appendices attached to the Series V Recommendations should be interpreted as follows: + - an *annex* to a Recommendation forms an integral part of the Recommendation; + - an *appendix* to a Recommendation does not form part of the Recommendation and only provides some complementary explanation or information specific to that Recommendation. + +© ITU 1997 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope ..... | 1 | +| 2 Normative references ..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations ..... | 2 | +| 5 DSVD system ..... | 3 | +| 5.1 System overview ..... | 3 | +| 5.2 Supervisory and control function ..... | 4 | +| 5.3 Data processing function ..... | 4 | +| 5.4 Voice processing function ..... | 5 | +| 5.5 Control Entity (CE) ..... | 6 | +| 5.6 Multiplex function ..... | 6 | +| 5.7 Modem ..... | 6 | +| 5.8 Summary of requirements and options ..... | 7 | +| 6 Operating procedures ..... | 7 | +| 6.1 DSVD mode initiation ..... | 7 | +| 6.2 DSVD mode operation ..... | 8 | +| 6.3 End of DSVD mode ..... | 11 | +| 7 Interfaces ..... | 11 | +| 7.1 DTE-DCE data interface ..... | 11 | +| 7.2 DTE-DCE control ..... | 11 | +| 7.3 Voice interface ..... | 11 | +| 7.4 Combined data/voice interface ..... | 11 | +| 8 System implementation requirements ..... | 11 | +| 9 Interworking ..... | 11 | +| Annex A – UNERM tunnelling procedures ..... | 12 | +| Appendix I – Relationship with V.42 LAPM operation ..... | 13 | +| I.1 Differences between V.76 and V.42 LAPM ..... | 13 | +| I.2 Interworking procedures ..... | 14 | +| Appendix II – Alternatives for support of T.120-based audiographic conferencing using Recommendation V.70 | 14 | +| II.1 PSTN basic profile ..... | 14 | +| II.2 Alternative A: PSTN profile-based on Recommendation V.70 with UNERM tunnelling ..... | 15 | +| II.3 Alternative B: PSTN profile-based on Recommendation V.70 using V.76 channels ..... | 16 | +| II.4 Alternative C: PSTN profile-based on Recommendation V.70 using V.75 CE primitives ..... | 16 | +| Bibliography ..... | 17 | + +# PROCEDURES FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS TRANSMISSION OF DATA AND DIGITALLY ENCODED VOICE SIGNALS OVER THE GSTN, OR OVER 2-WIRE LEASED POINT-TO-POINT TELEPHONE TYPE CIRCUITS + +(Geneva, 1996) + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation describes the technical requirements for a Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data (DSVD) terminal, for operation over the General Switched Telephone Network (GSTN) or 2-wire telephone type leased circuits. + +The major characteristics of a DSVD terminal are: + +- the simultaneous transmission of data1), e.g. file transfer or T.120 information, and digitally encoded voice signals over a single GSTN connection or over 2-wire leased point-to-point telephone-type circuits; +- the ability to enter the DSVD operating mode either at call set-up, or during an analogue telephone connection; +- multiplexing of bidirectional voice and data channels using a V.42 [8] LAPM-based multiplexing technique described in Recommendation V.76 [11]; and +- transmission of the multiplexed bit stream using the modulation technique defined in Recommendation V.34 [7] or V.32 *bis* [6]. + +The DSVD terminal may consist of one physical unit, or alternatively, the functional elements of the terminal may be partitioned between a number of physical units. + +This Recommendation defines DSVD operation over a point-to-point connection. Multipoint communication may be achieved, for example using a separate multipoint control unit, but the characteristics of this device are not covered by this Recommendation. + +# 2 Normative references + +The following Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- [1] ITU-T Recommendation G.729, Annex A2), *Reduced complexity 8 kbit/s CS-ACELP speech coder*. +- [2] ITU-T Recommendation H.245 (1996), *Control protocol for multimedia communication*. +- [3] ITU-T Recommendation V.8 *bis* (1996), *Procedures for the identification and selection of common modes of operation between Data Circuit-Terminating Equipments (DCEs) and between Data Terminating Equipments (DTEs) over the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point telephone-type circuits*. +- [4] CCITT Recommendation V.25 *bis* (1988), *Automatic calling and/or answering equipment on the General Switched Telephone Network (GSTN) using the 100-series interchange circuits*. + +--- + +1) See Recommendation H.324 for the simultaneous transmission of audio and video information. + +2) Presently at the stage of draft. + +- [5] ITU-T Recommendation V.25 *ter* (1995), *Serial asynchronous automatic dialling and control*. +- [6] CCITT Recommendation V.32 *bis* (1991), *A duplex modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 14 400 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits*. +- [7] ITU-T Recommendation V.34 (1994), *A modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 28 800 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits*. +- [8] ITU-T Recommendation V.42 (1993), *Error-correcting procedures for DCEs using asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion*. +- [9] CCITT Recommendation V.42 *bis* (1990), *Data compression procedures for Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (DCE) using error correction procedures*. +- [10] ITU-T Recommendation V.75 (1996), *DSVD terminal control procedures*. +- [11] ITU-T Recommendation V.76 (1996), *Generic multiplexer using V.42 LAPM-based procedures*. +- [12] ITU-T Recommendation V.80 (1996), *In-band DCE control and synchronous data modes for asynchronous DTE*. + +# 3 Definitions + +For the purposes of this Recommendation, the following definitions apply. + +**3.1 audio blocking factor:** The number of information blocks, i.e. coded samples, from the speech coder which are combined and transmitted in a single multiplex frame. The default value is “1”. + +**3.2 DSVD terminal:** A DCE/DTE combination which together comply with the requirements of this Recommendation and its associated Recommendations. All the functionality of a DSVD terminal may be implemented within the DCE alone. + +**3.3 initiator:** A role taken on by the control entity and multiplex function that determines how it operates for various functions. The role is determined from the V.8 *bis* procedures and is the same as the initiator role for V.8 *bis*. + +**3.4 responder:** A role taken on by the control entity and multiplex function that determines how it operates for various functions. The role is determined from the V.8 *bis* procedures and is the same as the responder role for V.8 *bis*. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +For the purposes of this Recommendation, the following abbreviations are used: + +| | | +|------|-------------------------------------| +| ADP | Answerer Detection Pattern | +| API | Application Programming Interface | +| CE | Control Entity | +| DCE | Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment | +| DLC | Data Link Connection | +| DLCI | Data Link Connection Identifier | +| DSVD | Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data | +| DTE | Data Terminal Equipment | +| DTMF | Dual Tone Multiple Frequency | +| ERM | Error Recovery Mode | +| GSTN | General Switched Telephone Network | +| IP | Internet Protocol | + +| | | +|-------|----------------------------------------| +| LAPM | Link Access Procedure for Modems | +| MF | Multiplex Function | +| ODP | Originator Detection Pattern | +| PPP | Point-to-Point Protocol | +| SAP | Service Access Point | +| SCF | Supervisory and Control Function | +| UNERM | Unacknowledged Non-Error Recovery Mode | + +# 5 DSVD system + +## 5.1 System overview + +A general model of a DSVD terminal is shown in Figure 1. This is an abstract model and is not intended to restrict practical implementations. + +![Figure 1/V.70: A block diagram of a DSVD terminal architecture. The diagram shows a 'System control' block on the left, connected to a dashed box representing the 'Extent of Rec. V.70'. Inside this box are three parallel functional blocks: 'Supervisory and control function', 'Data processing function', and 'Voice processing function'. These three blocks are connected to a 'Control entity' block, which in turn connects to a 'Multiplex function' block. Below the multiplex function is a 'Modem' block, which connects to a 'Network interface' block at the bottom. External inputs are shown at the top: 'Data source' and 'Voice source'. The 'Data source' connects to the 'Data processing function'. The 'Voice source' connects to the 'Voice processing function'. An 'API' label is positioned above the dashed box. A reference code 'T1402790-96/d01' is located at the bottom right of the diagram area.](49ee89a1d5852ab005dbbab6de09a8a6_img.jpg) + +Figure 1/V.70: A block diagram of a DSVD terminal architecture. The diagram shows a 'System control' block on the left, connected to a dashed box representing the 'Extent of Rec. V.70'. Inside this box are three parallel functional blocks: 'Supervisory and control function', 'Data processing function', and 'Voice processing function'. These three blocks are connected to a 'Control entity' block, which in turn connects to a 'Multiplex function' block. Below the multiplex function is a 'Modem' block, which connects to a 'Network interface' block at the bottom. External inputs are shown at the top: 'Data source' and 'Voice source'. The 'Data source' connects to the 'Data processing function'. The 'Voice source' connects to the 'Voice processing function'. An 'API' label is positioned above the dashed box. A reference code 'T1402790-96/d01' is located at the bottom right of the diagram area. + +FIGURE 1/V.70 + +A V.70 system shall include as a minimum the following functional elements, and a compliant V.70 implementation is required to incorporate the functionality of each of these elements: + +- *Supervisory and Control Function (SCF)* + +The SCF is responsible for the control of the DSVD system (see 5.2). + +- *Data processing function* + +The data processing function is responsible for converting the user data into a format suitable for handling by the multiplex function, e.g. the conversion of start-stop framed data to a format suitable for synchronous transmission. The data channel(s) may be synchronous or asynchronous, and the protocols and applications supported may be indicated and negotiated using the DSVD control entity. + +- *Voice processing function* + +The voice processing function includes a codec compliant with Recommendation G.729 Annex A [1] for the conversion of voice signals into a digital bit stream and vice versa. The voice processing function also includes voice activity detection and comfort noise generator, such that periods of silence in voice signals may be used to increase the bit rate available for data communication. The use of alternative speech or audio coders may be negotiated by the SCF using the DSVD control entity. + +- *Control Entity (CE)* + +A DSVD control entity is provided to manage the establishment and release of channels, the exchange of capability and parameter information, the conversion of control information into the H.245 message format, and the transfer of data, voice and control information to and from the multiplex function. + +- *Multiplex function (MF)* + +A DSVD terminal makes use of a multiplexing capability described in Recommendation V.76 to combine one or more voice channels with one or more data channels, and an optional out-of-band control channel. Each information bit stream (voice, data and control) is assigned a Data Link Connection (DLC) in the multiplexed bit stream. For all channels, transmission is bidirectional. The multiplexer also provides frame delimiting and protection from bit corruption. + +- *Modem* + +The multiplexed bit stream is transmitted over the GSTN (or leased circuit) using a V.32 *bis* [6] or V.34 [7] modem, or other future high speed modems to be defined by the ITU. The modem also includes V.8 *bis* functionality for mode negotiation and selection at call set-up and during analogue telephony. + +A DSVD terminal may also include a system control entity for functions such as terminal configuration, assignment of channel priority, capability selection decisions, etc. The requirements of this system control entity are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +## 5.2 Supervisory and control function + +The Supervisory and Control Function (SCF) shall be responsible for: + +- requesting a DLC between the DSVD terminal and a remote terminal for the purpose of transferring information as characterized by various parameters; this is achieved using the CE-ESTABLISH primitive; it shall be possible to establish more than one DLC (the maximum number is implementation dependent); +- orderly release of a DLC using the CE-RELEASE primitive; +- requesting the exchange of terminal capability information using the CE-SETPARM primitive; +- handling of potential collisions of open channel requests. + +In general these activities are carried out by requesting and receiving services from the control entity using the procedures defined in Recommendation V.75 [10] + +NOTE – The SCF may coordinate the changing of parameters of a voice channel. An example of this is changing the speech coder to one using a different rate. This can be done by negotiating and opening a new channel using the new speech coder. This may be done before or after releasing the existing channel. However, the procedure should avoid adverse interaction with the application. + +## 5.3 Data processing function + +The data channel provides for end-to-end transmission of user data. A DSVD terminal shall be capable of opening at least one data channel. Initiation of the establishment of a data channel is undertaken by the SCF. + +Asynchronous data may be transmitted over either an ERM or a UNERM channel. Synchronous data shall be transmitted over a UNERM channel. + +When a data channel has been established by the SCF, information is transferred from the data processing function to the CE using the CE-DATA request primitive. + +Where an asynchronous channel is established the data rate shall be dependent on the line signalling rate of the modem, the number of logical channels on the link and the activity on the voice channel. + +Where multiple asynchronous channels are established, the allocation of priority between these channels is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +Where a synchronous channel is established the data rate shall be a multiple of 2400 bit/s, and the value shall be calculated taking into account the line capacity allocated to other channels and the overhead for each channel associated with the multiplexer. The maximum rate associated with the voice channel, i.e. with continuous full duplex speech, shall be assumed. The bit rate of a synchronous channel will not change during periods of silence on the voice channel. The SCF shall be responsible for ensuring that no new channels are opened which would impact the assigned data rate for a synchronous channel, or for changing the rate on a synchronous channel if an additional channel is required. + +The use of a segmentation/reassembly process for the handling of synchronous frames from the DTE which are larger than the V.76 frame size is defined in 6.5/V.75. + +The use of a tunnelling process in support of synchronous frames is described in Annex A. + +The use of flow control on the synchronous interface is for further study. + +The data application for the data channel is outside the scope of this Recommendation. However, if the data conforms to one of the following standardized applications or formats, then this may be signalled using the capability exchange mechanisms of either Recommendation V.8 *bis* or V.75. + +- T.120-Series for point-to-point and multipoint audiographic teleconferencing including database access, still image transfer and annotation, application sharing, real-time file transfer, etc. (support of T.120 operation is described in Appendix II). +- ITU-T Rec. T.84 | ISO/IEC 10918-3 (SPIFF) point-to-point still image transfer cutting across application borders. +- T.434 point-to-point telematic file transfer cutting across application borders. +- Network link layer, per ITU-T Rec. X.263 | ISO/IEC TR 9577 (supports IP and PPP network layers, among others). + +## 5.4 Voice processing function + +A DSVD terminal shall include a speech codec in accordance with Recommendation G.729, Annex A, and shall be capable of opening at least one voice channel. The G.729 Annex A coder encodes speech into an 8.0 kbit/s digital bit stream. It is a reduced complexity version of, and interoperable with, the G.729 speech coder. + +Information blocks, i.e. coded samples, from the coder may be combined and transmitted in a single multiplex frame. The number of blocks in a multiplex frame is known as the audio blocking factor. The default value is “1”. When an audio blocking factor greater than one is negotiated, all voice blocks shall be preceded by the audio header, see clause 9/V.75. + +NOTE – The use of a blocking factor greater than “1” increases the delay on the voice channel. + +Support of speech or audio codecs other than G.729 Annex A is optional and may be negotiated. + +Initiation of the establishment of a voice channel shall be undertaken by the SCF. + +When a voice channel has been established, information shall be transferred from the voice processing function to the CE using the CE-DATA primitive. + +The voice processing function may also include an optional voice activity detector and may make use of the optional audio header defined in Recommendation V.75 to signal additional information to that contained in the voice frame. + +The definition of a voice activity detector and comfort noise generator for use with the G.729 Annex A coder is for further study. + +The transfer of DTMF signals detected at the input to the speech coder is for further study. + +The microphone and speaker or telephone handset etc. associated with the voice channel, together with any additional audio processing, such as acoustic echo cancellation, are outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +## **5.5 Control Entity (CE)** + +The control entity in a DSVD terminal shall use the control procedures defined in Recommendation V.75 [10]. That Recommendation defines: + +- a) procedures for requesting the MF to establish or release a DLC; +- b) the use of request, response, control and indication messages as defined in Recommendation H.245 which gives a common encoding and syntax for use in multimedia terminals; +- c) procedures for exchanging capability and parameter information within the DLC to which the information applies (in-band procedure); +- d) optional procedures for exchanging capability and parameter information in a separate control DLC (out-of-band procedures); +- e) the transfer of H.245 messages in HDLC frames; +- f) the transfer of user information to the MF; and +- g) optionally adding an audio header octet to voice frames such that voice activity detection and silence compression techniques may be used with speech coders which do not incorporate these capabilities. + +The presence of optional capabilities in the DSVD terminal shall be signalled using the control procedures of Recommendation V.75. + +## **5.6 Multiplex function** + +The multiplexing of voice and data information into a single bit stream and corresponding demultiplexing shall be in accordance with the procedures defined in Recommendation V.76 [11]. The functions provided by Recommendation V.76 include: + +- a) frame delimiting; +- b) protection from bit corruption; +- c) the multiplexing and demultiplexing of the information streams; +- d) procedures for the establishment and release of a DLC; +- e) the transfer of information in either Error Recovery Mode (ERM) or Unacknowledged Non-Error Recovery Mode (UNERM); and +- f) optional suspend/resume operation as defined in Annex A/V.76. + +The multiplex function for DSVD is equivalent to an extension of the procedures of V.42 [8] LAPM. This relationship between the multiplex function and V.42 LAPM is described in Appendix I, together with procedures for interworking between a DSVD terminal and a modem compliant with V.42 LAPM. + +Annex C/V.76 provides details of the multiplexor parameters, their default value and their optional values. + +## **5.7 Modem** + +The synchronous multiplexed bit stream is passed to a modem function for conversion into an analogue signal that can be transmitted over the GSTN, and the received analogue signal is converted into a synchronous bit stream that is sent to the mux/demux function. The modem function shall be in accordance with Recommendation V.32 *bis* [6] or V.34 [7] or other future high speed modems to be defined by the ITU. + +The DSVD operating mode may be established automatically at the beginning of a GSTN call or at any time during an analogue telephone connection using the procedures of Recommendation V.8 *bis* [3]. + +If a physically discrete modem function is used, control of this modem by the rest of the V.70 system shall be in accordance with the procedures of Recommendation V.25 *ter* [5]. + +## 5.8 Summary of requirements and options + +The following are mandatory features for a V.70 DSVD terminal: + +| Feature | Reference | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------| +| – The DSVD functional elements defined in 5.1 | 5.1 | +| – G.729 Annex A speech coder | 5.4, G.729 Annex A | +| – V.8 bis procedures for operating mode and capabilities exchange | 6.1 | +| – Support roles of both initiator and responder | 6.1.4 | +| – At least one voice DLC/channel | 5.4 | +| – At least one data DLC/channel | 5.3 | +| – Opening and closing of DLCs/channels | 6.2 | +| – Both ERM and UNERM for DLCs | 5.6 | +| – Audio blocking factor of 1 | 5.4 | +| – All default parameter values for the V.76 multiplexor | 5.6 | + +The following are optional features for a V.70 DSVD terminal defined within Recommendation V.70 and associated Recommendations: + +| Feature | Reference | +|-------------------------------------------------------|------------------------| +| – More than one voice channel | 5.4 | +| – More than one data channel | 5.3 | +| – A DLC/channel for out-of-band signalling procedures | 6.2.1 | +| – 8-bit or 32-bit FCS | 5.4 | +| – Adding an audio header to the voice frames | 5.4, 5.5, 9, Rec. V.75 | +| – Audio blocking factor greater than 1 | 5.4 | +| – Segmentation/reassembly for UNERM data channels | 5.3 | +| – Suspend/resume operation | 5.6 | +| – Alternative parameter values | Rec. V.76 | + +# 6 Operating procedures + +## 6.1 DSVD mode initiation + +### 6.1.1 Initiation of GSTN call + +A call may be initiated either: + +- manually using an associated telephone; or +- automatically using automatic calling procedures in accordance with Recommendation V.25 *bis* [4] or V.25 *ter* [5]. + +When the GSTN connection has been established, the call shall proceed to either analogue telephony mode or to initiation of DSVD mode. + +### **6.1.2 Analogue telephony mode** + +In analogue telephony mode users have the opportunity for voice dialogue before proceeding to DSVD mode. + +While in this mode the terminals may exchange operating mode capability information using the procedures defined in Recommendation V.8 *bis* [3]. Following this exchange of capabilities, the terminals may proceed directly to DSVD mode, again using V.8 *bis* procedures, or may return to analogue telephony mode. Speech transmission is suspended during this capability exchange. + +The use of V.8 *bis* to select other operating modes following the capabilities exchange is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### **6.1.3 Switching to DSVD mode** + +Establishment of DSVD mode shall use the mode selection procedures defined in Recommendation V.8 *bis* and is defined in the following subclauses. In all cases when the successful completion of the modem training is signalled by the modem function, the terminals are in DSVD mode. + +#### **6.1.3.1 Procedure at automatic answering terminal** + +If the answering terminal is conditioned to go directly into DSVD mode, i.e. auto-answer on call set-up without a period of analogue telephony, it shall initiate a V.8 *bis* mode selection transaction, or capability exchange followed by mode selection. + +#### **6.1.3.2 Procedure at automatic calling terminal** + +If the calling terminal is configured to go directly into DSVD mode, it shall condition itself to detect the initiating V.8 *bis* signal, and respond according to the procedures of Recommendation V.8 *bis*. This may include a request for the transmission of the capabilities of the answering terminal. + +#### **6.1.3.3 Initiation of DSVD mode after a period of analogue telephony** + +Either terminal may commence the initiation of DSVD mode at any time during analogue telephony using the procedures of Recommendation V.8 *bis*. This may follow immediately from a capability exchange or may be directly from analogue telephony mode. + +#### **6.1.3.4 Error recovery** + +If the terminal returns to telephony mode as a result of a V.8 *bis* error-recovery process, the terminal may (depending on local configuration): + +- disconnect; +- retry the V.8 *bis* procedures; or +- remain in analogue telephony mode. + +### **6.1.4 Relationship between two DSVD terminals** + +The control entity and multiplex function require knowledge of the relationship between the two terminals, e.g. initiator/responder determination for the multiplex function. This shall be determined directly from the start-up procedures of Recommendation V.8 *bis* where the same relationship exists. + +For leased line operation the relationship shall be determined from the modem-to-modem relationship, i.e. the modem configured to be the “call modem” shall be the “initiator”, and the modem configured to be the “answer modem” shall be the “responder”. + +The SCF shall make this information known to the CE and MF (through local means). + +## **6.2 DSVD mode operation** + +When the modem function indicates that modem training has been successfully completed, the terminal is in DSVD mode and system-to-system communication is initiated by the SCF. + +The CE and MF are made aware of initiator/responder identities (see 6.1.4). + +The terminal may have an exchange of capability information before opening any DLCs for the exchange of user voice or data information. + +### 6.2.1 Capabilities exchange + +The SCF may optionally initiate the establishment of an out-of-band control channel (DLC) for various functions including terminal capability (mux, voice and data) exchange. The support of an out-of-band control channel by a DSVD terminal is optional. If an out-of-band capability exchange is performed, the capabilities so conveyed can be used as a basis for selecting how to subsequently operate a DLC. This capability exchange is additional to any capability exchange which may have taken place using V.8 *bis* procedures, and includes more detailed information. + +The SCF may optionally exchange terminal capability (mux, voice and data) information for a single DLC, i.e. in-band. If an out-of-band capability exchange was previously performed, the capability exchange on this DLC overrides the capabilities established on the out-of-band DLC for this DLC only. Capabilities not signalled shall be assumed to be the same as those previously signalled in the out-of-band exchange. + +A capability exchange is not required to announce default values for parameters. + +An out-of-band control channel shall be used for the negotiation of the optional suspend/resume mode of operation. + +The SCF transfers capability information to and from the CE using the CE-SETPARM primitive defined in Recommendation V.75 [10]. All DSVD capabilities apply to both transmit and receive directions of transmission. + +A capabilities exchange shall follow the procedures of Recommendation H.245, which provides a system by which the terminal may describe its ability to operate in various combinations of modes simultaneously. + +The transmitting terminal assigns a number in a **capabilityTable** to each individual mode in which the terminal is capable of operating. For example, G.729 Annex A speech, G.728 speech and T.434 binary file transfer would each be assigned separate numbers. + +These capability numbers are grouped into **AlternativeCapabilitySet** structures. Each **AlternativeCapabilitySet** indicates that the terminal is capable of operating in exactly one mode listed in the set. For example, an **AlternativeCapabilitySet** listing {G.729 Annex A, G.723 and G.728} means that the terminal can operate in any one of those speech modes, but not more than one. + +These **AlternativeCapabilitySet** structures are grouped into **simultaneousCapabilities** structures. Each **simultaneousCapabilities** structure indicates a set of modes the terminal is capable of using simultaneously. For example, a **simultaneousCapabilities** structure containing the two **AlternativeCapabilitySet** structures {T.120 and T.434} and {G.723, G.728 and G.729 Annex A} means that the terminal can operate in either of the data modes simultaneously with any one of the speech codecs. The **simultaneousCapabilities** set {{G.729 Annex A}, {G.729 Annex A and G.723}, {T.84, T.120 and T.434}} means the terminal can operate two voice channels and one data channel simultaneously: one voice channel per G.729 Annex A, another voice channel per either G.729 Annex A or G.723, and one data channel per either T.84, T.120 or T.434. + +The terminal shall only exchange **simultaneousCapabilities** structures using the optional out-of-band channel. + +NOTE – The actual capabilities stored in the **capabilityTable** are often more complex than presented here. For a complete description, see Recommendation H.245. + +The terminal's total capabilities are described by a set of **CapabilityDescriptor** structures, each of which is a single **simultaneousCapabilities** structure and a **capabilityDescriptorNumber**. By sending more than one **CapabilityDescriptor**, the terminal may signal dependencies between operating modes by describing different sets of modes which it can simultaneously use. + +Terminals may dynamically add capabilities during a connection by issuing additional **CapabilityDescriptor** structures, or remove capabilities by sending revised **CapabilityDescriptor** structures. + +Non-standard capabilities and control messages may be issued using the **NonStandardParameter** structure defined in Recommendation H.245. Note that while the meaning of non-standard messages is defined by individual organizations, equipment built by any manufacturer may signal any non-standard message, if the meaning is known. + +Terminals may reissue capability sets at any time. + +### 6.2.2 Data Link Connection (DLC) control + +The SCF requests the establishment of a DLC by issuing a CE-ESTABLISH request primitive to the CE, with the selected operating parameters; + +- in the case where an out-of-band or DLC specific capability exchange was performed, establishment of the DLC shall select applicable parameters explicitly (where more than one value for a parameter is available) or implicitly (the default applies); or +- in the case where no capability exchange occurred by either method, the DLC establishment may select a full set of applicable parameters, including attempting the use of non-default values; if the establishment attempt of non-default values is not successful, the SCF may re-attempt establishment using default values. + +NOTE – Default parameter values may be transferred even if this is not specifically required. + +The actions of the CE are detailed in Recommendation V.75 [10]. + +Confirmation that a DLC has been opened is indicated by the receipt of a CE-ESTABLISH confirm primitive. + +Receipt of a CE-ESTABLISH indication primitive indicates a request from the remote terminal to open a DLC, and is acknowledged by the CE-ESTABLISH response primitive. + +A SCF which receives a CE-ESTABLISH indication primitive having sent a CE-ESTABLISH request primitive with the same H.245 data type, but before receiving a CE-ESTABLISH confirm primitive, may regard this as a potential coincidence of equivalent open DLC requests. If the SCF is the initiator, it shall respond to the CE-ESTABLISH indication primitive, with a CE-RELEASE response primitive. + +The SCF requests the release of a DLC by the transmission of a CE-RELEASE request primitive to the CE. + +The use of an H.245 PortNumber parameter to associate a DLC with a physical port on the DSVD terminal or equivalent is for further study. + +If the suspend/resume mode is selected using the out-of-band channel, the MF shall redefine the abort sequence at the time the mode is selected. Suspend/resume DLCs may then be opened. If omission of the address field is negotiated, only one suspend/resume channel shall be opened. If the address field is maintained, one or more suspend resume channels may be opened. + +The H.245 **AudioCapability** message shall be used to indicate the audio blocking factor, i.e. the number of voice blocks which are contained in a single multiplex frame on a voice DLC. The default value is “1”. When the value is greater than one, the audio header is mandatory for all types of voice block, i.e. including “silence” frames or other frame types associated with silence compression. + +The renegotiation of channel parameters once the channel has been established is for further study. + +### 6.2.3 Information transfer + +Once a DLC has been established, the transfer of user information may commence. The mechanism for signalling this by the SCF to the information source is implementation dependent. + +When user information channels have been opened, it is the responsibility of the CE to transfer voice or data information using the CE-DATA primitive defined in Recommendation V.75 [10] from the voice processing function and data processing function respectively to the multiplex function. + +## 6.3 End of DSVD mode + +DSVD mode may be terminated by closing all DLCs and invoking the modem cleardown procedure. + +If either terminal wishes to return to analogue telephony mode, or wishes to switch to an alternative non-voice mode, this may be indicated using the H.245 **EndSessionCommand** message in the out-of-band channel. A terminal receiving an H.245 **EndSessionCommand** message should assume that all DLCs are closed. + +When it is required to return to analogue telephony or to cleardown the GSTN connection, the modem cleardown procedures from the appropriate modem Recommendation shall be used. + +# 7 Interfaces + +## 7.1 DTE-DCE data interface + +Where a discrete physical DCE-DTE interface is required, it shall be in accordance with the interface specified in the appropriate modem Recommendation for the modem function of the DSVD terminal. + +## 7.2 DTE-DCE control + +Control of a DSVD terminal from a DTE shall be in accordance with the procedures of Recommendation V.25 *ter* [5], including Annex A for the control of the procedures of Recommendations V.8 *bis* and V.80 [12]. + +## 7.3 Voice interface + +Definition of the characteristics of the voice interface is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +## 7.4 Combined data/voice interface + +The requirements for a combined voice and data interface to a DTE are for further study. + +# 8 System implementation requirements + +The specification of system implementation requirements, such as the maximum value of the delay for the transfer of voice or data information through a DSVD terminal, is for further study. + +A protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) for a V.70 terminal is for further study. + +## 9 Interworking + +Procedures for interworking with a modem supporting V.42 operation are described in Appendix I. + +Interworking between the V.70 operating mode and other multimedia operating modes, e.g. Recommendations V.61 and H.324, is currently not accommodated, and is for further study. + +# Annex A + +## UNERM tunnelling procedures + +### Introduction + +For the case of synchronous protocols running in the DTE, an efficient method of transporting the synchronous protocol's frames within a single V.76 channel can be found. This annex describes a method called UNERM tunnelling. + +The procedures here are given in terms of the synchronous frames as defined in Recommendation Q.922, although the procedures are applicable to many of the other synchronous protocols having similar characteristics to Recommendation Q.922. In this method, Q.922 frames have their ISO/IEC 3309 transparency and flags removed. The resulting frames are placed into a V.76 UI/UIH frame. It is also possible to remove the FCS of the synchronous protocol, although that is not shown in the procedures below. + +### V.70 UNERM tunnelling + +When operating in the UNERM tunnelling mode, the V.70 terminal shall implement at the asynchronous V.24 interface the following procedures taken from 4.5.2 of ISO/IEC 3309. + +The control escape octet is a transparency identifier that identifies an octet occurring within a frame to which the following transparency procedure is applied. The encoding of the escape octet is given in Figure A.1. + +![Diagram of the control escape octet bit pattern.](b90144cfbb81a2d610d920240fda689d_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a horizontal rectangle representing an octet. Above the rectangle, the bit positions are labeled 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 from left to right. Inside the rectangle, the bit values are 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 from left to right. Below the rectangle, two arrows point upwards to specific bits. The left arrow is labeled 'Complemented bit' and points to bit 6 (the first '1'). The right arrow is labeled 'First bit transmitted' and points to bit 1 (the final '1'). To the right of the rectangle, the text 'T1402800-96/d02' is written. + +Diagram of the control escape octet bit pattern. + +FIGURE A.1/V.70 + +### Control escape octet for UNERM tunnelling procedure + +The transmitter shall examine the frame content between the opening and closing flag sequences (01111110) including the address, control and FCS fields and, following completion of the FCS calculation, shall: + +- a) upon the occurrence of the flag or a control escape octet, complement the 6 bit of the octet; and +- b) insert a control escape octet immediately preceding the octet resulting from the above prior to transmission. + +The receiver shall examine the frame content between the two flag octets and shall, upon receipt of a control escape octet and prior to FCS calculation: + +- a) discard the control escape octet; and +- b) restore the immediately following octet by complementing its 6 bit. + +The DCE shall place frames into UI or UIH frames within Recommendation V.76. + +Figures A.2 illustrates this procedure: + +![Diagram illustrating the UNERM tunnelling process. It shows the flow of data between DTE and DCE layers, involving Q.922 frames and V.76 UI/UIH frames, with ISO/IEC 3309 and Undo ISO/IEC 3309 operations.](c85ded401105f62f2d6ff26b3b5eb4af_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the UNERM tunnelling process, showing the flow of data between DTE and DCE layers. It involves Q.922 frames and V.76 UI/UIH frames, with ISO/IEC 3309 and Undo ISO/IEC 3309 operations. + +**Q.922 Frame Structure:** + +- Top: F | Hq | Data | FCSq | F +- Bottom: F | Hq | Data | FCSq | F + +**V.76 UI/UIH Frame Structure:** + +- Top: F | Hui | Hq | Data | FCSq | FCSui | F +- Bottom: F | Hui | Hq | Data | FCSq | FCSui | F + +**Operations:** + +- ISO/IEC 3309:** Downward arrow from Q.922 frame to V.76 UI/UIH frame. +- Undo ISO/IEC 3309:** Upward arrow from V.76 UI/UIH frame to Q.922 frame. + +**Legend:** + +- Hq: Header of Q.922 frame +- Hui: Header of V.76 UI/UIH frame +- FCSq: FCS of Q.922 frame +- FCSui: FCS of V.76 UI/UIH frame + +T1402810-96/d03 + +Diagram illustrating the UNERM tunnelling process. It shows the flow of data between DTE and DCE layers, involving Q.922 frames and V.76 UI/UIH frames, with ISO/IEC 3309 and Undo ISO/IEC 3309 operations. + +FIGURE A.2/V.70 +UNERM tunnelling process + +## Appendix I + +## Relationship with V.42 LAPM operation + +## I.1 Differences between V.76 and V.42 LAPM + +The multiplexer for DSVD as defined in Recommendation V.76 [11] is equivalent to, and an extension of, the procedures of V.42 LAPM in the following ways: + +- both use the same basic HDLC framing technique of ISO/IEC 3309 (or ISO/IEC 13239); optionally the DSVD multiplexer provides a low overhead framing technique known as “suspend/resume” framing which is described in Recommendation V.76; +- in addition to the 16-bit and 32-bit CRCs shared by both LAPM and the DSVD multiplexer, the latter also offers an optional 8-bit CRC particularly useful for voice applications; +- both LAPM and DSVD convey information bit streams in a DLC identified by a DLCI, but while LAPM uses only DLCI = 0 for data, the DSVD multiplexer uses multiple DLCIs for voice plus data; +- both LAPM and the DSVD multiplexer provide an Error Recovery Mode (ERM); the DSVD multiplexer also provides an Unacknowledged Non-Error Recovery Mode (UNERM) to cater for voice and those applications not needing error control; + +- when operating in ERM, both LAPM and the DSVD multiplexer use the same frame types and procedures and, therefore, can operate with the same state machine; +- whereas LAPM made provision for an SCF-SCF control channel but no specification of this was developed, the DSVD multiplexer provides an optional out-of-band (OOB) control channel for additional functions such as capabilities exchanges; and +- DLCI set-up and release for both LAPM and the DSVD multiplexer use the same frame types and procedures; however, the DSVD multiplexer also incorporates an optional set-up procedure that may reduce set-up time. + +### **I.2 Interworking procedures** + +The major differences between the LAPM procedures in Recommendation V.42 and the procedures defined in Recommendation V.76 are the support of multiple DLCIs and UNERM operation in Recommendation V.76. Therefore, communication between two implementations, i.e. one conforming to V.42 LAPM and the other, a DSVD terminal conforming to this incorporating V.76, is to default to communication with one DLCI (0) and ERM. If this is not satisfactory to an implementation of this Recommendation, it can choose not to communicate with a LAPM implementation. + +The first opportunity for detection of a LAPM implementation may occur during some external exchange of capabilities (e.g. such as in Recommendation V.8 *bis*). If communication in the LAPM mode is negotiated as a result of this exchange, the ODP/ADP detection of Recommendation V.42 is not necessary. + +If the external capability exchange does not identify the capability of the remote DCE as either DSVD or LAPM compliant, then a DSVD terminal wishing to communicate with a LAPM modem should complete the ODP/ADP handshake. This is necessary so that a LAPM implementation does not return to non-error correcting mode (see Appendix I/V.42). + +## **Appendix II** + +## **Alternatives for support of T.120-based audiographic conferencing using Recommendation V.70** + +### **Introduction** + +Recommendation T.123 defines various stacks which the T.120 suite uses for communication over various technologies. It assumes some mix of voice, video and data capabilities. + +For the voice aspects of audiographic conferencing, the audio functions of Recommendation V.70 are used. + +For the data aspects of Recommendation T.120, this appendix provides a recognition of Recommendation V.70 as it might relate to Recommendation T.123 in terms of the T.123 defined basic protocol profile and three alternative methods for transporting the T.125 information. Each of these methods has a different level of efficiency. Further study is needed to refine and converge these alternatives. + +### **II.1 PSTN basic profile** + +#### **II.1.1 Profile description** + +The PSTN basic profile as defined in 7.4/T.123 may be used over a single V.76 UNERM or ERM channel without modification. Figure II.1 shows this configuration as it is shown in Figure 8/T.123. The UNERM case would be preferred, as the basic profile provides for error correction using Recommendation Q.922. + +| | | +|--------------------------------------|---------| +| X.244 class 0 | Layer 4 | +| Null + SCF | Layer 3 | +| Rec. Q.922 | Layer 2 | +| start-stop
use of
V-Series DCE | Layer 1 | + +FIGURE II.1/V.70 + +It is noted that when Recommendation V.70 is in use, an UNERM channel is preferred. If an ERM channel is being used, system parameters should be set to avoid adverse interaction with the error correcting operation of Q.922. Important elements are the acknowledgment timer, the maximum number of octets in an information field, and the data forwarding conditions. + +### II.2 Alternative A: PSTN profile-based on Recommendation V.70 with UNERM tunnelling + +#### II.2.1 Profile description + +Figure II.2 shows an alternative method of placing Q.922 frames into a single UNERM V.70 channel with removal of the ISO/IEC 3309 frame transparency and FCS. This forces a one-to-one mapping of V.70 frames to Q.922 frames. This method is also more efficient than the basic profile due to the removal of the “byte-stuffing” added by Recommendation Q.922. + +| | | | +|-------|-----------------------------------------------------|---------| +| | X.224 class 0 | Layer 4 | +| | Null + SCF | Layer 3 | +| | Rec. Q.922 | Layer 2 | +| | T.120 start-stop
use of V.70
UNERM tunnelling | Layer 1 | +| Audio | Rec. V.76 | | + +FIGURE II.2/V70 + +It should be noted here that: + +##### *Layer 4* + +- No modifications. + +##### *Layer 3* + +- No modifications. + +##### *Layer 2* + +- No modifications. + +##### *Layer 1* + +- Start-stop transmission by DTE. +- DCE as specified in V.70 UNERM tunnelling for Recommendation T.120. +- The DTE and DCE may be logical functions that are not physically separated, if integrated equipment can produce the same transmitted signals. + +NOTE – The net effect is that the content of a Q.922 frame – without FCS, flags, or transparency – is conveyed as one UI frame over the channel opened for the T.120 data application. + +### II.3 Alternative B: PSTN profile-based on Recommendation V.70 using V.76 channels + +#### II.3.1 Profile description + +Figure II.3 shows an alternative method of using one V.76 channel per X.224 class 0 transport connection. This effectively removes the Q.922 layer used in the normal PSTN stack. + +![Diagram of the PSTN profile stack for Alternative B.](81a4cbf0b3c4cbc065efdf8f800dadde_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a four-layer protocol stack. On the left, a box labeled 'Audio' spans the bottom two layers. To its right, a stack of four boxes represents the protocol layers: 'X.224 class 0' (top), 'Null + SCF', 'Rec. V.75', and 'Rec. V.76' (bottom). To the right of these boxes, the layers are labeled 'Layer 4', 'Layer 3', 'Layer 2', and 'Layer 1' respectively. + +Diagram of the PSTN profile stack for Alternative B. + +FIGURE II.3/V.70 + +It should be noted here that: + +##### *Layer 4* + +- X.224 class 0 preferred, no alternative class. +- Maximum TPDU size shall not exceed V.76 parameter N401. + +##### *Layer 3* + +- No modifications. + +##### *Layer 2* + +- V.75 control entity. + +##### *Layer 1* + +- V.76 multiplex function. + +### II.4 Alternative C: PSTN profile-based on Recommendation V.70 using V.75 CE primitives + +#### II.4.1 Profile description + +Figure II.4 shows a method of mapping X.214 transport service primitives into V.75 control entity primitives. Recommendation V.70 contains the whole stack which Recommendation T.125 uses for transport. + +![Diagram of the PSTN profile stack for Alternative C.](9a047c6501a487b3f18cfff971bcb33f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates a four-layer protocol stack. On the left, a box labeled 'Audio' spans the bottom two layers. To its right, a stack of three boxes represents the protocol layers: 'SCF' (top), 'Rec. V.75', and 'Rec. V.76' (bottom). To the right of these boxes, the layers are labeled 'Layer 4', 'Layer 3', 'Layer 2', and 'Layer 1' respectively. + +Diagram of the PSTN profile stack for Alternative C. + +FIGURE II.4/V.70 + +It should be noted here that: + +##### *Layer 4* + +- Maps X.214 transport service primitives to V.75 control entity primitives as follows: + +| X.214/T.123 | | Rec. V.76 | Purpose | +|--------------|---|------------------------------|--------------------------| +| T-CONEXIÓN | ↔ | L-SETPARM and
L-ESTABLISH | Connection establishment | +| T-DATA | ↔ | L-DATA | Data transfer | +| T-DISCONNECT | ↔ | L-RELEASE | Connection release | + +##### *Layer 3* + +- SCF (for further study). + +##### *Layer 2* + +- V.75 control entity. + +##### *Layer 1* + +- V.76 multiplex function. + +# Bibliography + +- ITU-T Recommendation T.84 (1996) | ISO/IEC 10918-3:1996, *Informating technology – Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images: Extensions*. +- ITU-T Recommendation T.120 (1996), *Data protocols for multimedia conferencing*. +- ITU-T Recommendation T.123 (1994), *Protocol stacks for audiographic and audiovisual teleconference applications*. +- ITU-T Recommendation T.125 (1994), *Multipoint communication service protocol specification*. +- ITU-T Recommendation T.434 (1996), *Binary file transfer format for the telematic services*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.14 (1993), *Transmission of start-stop characters over synchronous bearer channels*. +- ITU-T Recommendation X.214 (1995), *Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Transport service definition*. +- ITU-T Recommendation X.290 (1995) | ISO/IEC 9646-1:1994, *OSI conformance testing methodology and framework for protocol Recommendations for ITU-T applications – General concepts*. +- ITU-T Recommendation X.296 (1995) | ISO/IEC 9646-7:1995, *OSI conformance testing methodology and framework for protocol Recommendations for ITU-T applications – Implementation conformance statements*. +- ISO/IEC 3309:1993, *Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – High-level data link control (HDLC) procedures – Frame structure*. + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Telephone network and ISDN | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media | +| Series H | Transmission of non-telephone signals | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of sound-programme and television signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound-programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminal equipments and protocols for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communication | +| Series Z | Programming languages | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.75-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.75-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3fc97593d1f0aaad71d103d7a55b5fcab2f5d3fd --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.75-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:d5dbfebee4b771436b9cf4934f1310e1147b83e39131ff82c1c02a777056d1a9 +size 8348 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.75-199608-I_PDF-E/7a0db9703b68b3d06cdaeefc084c0006_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.75-199608-I_PDF-E/7a0db9703b68b3d06cdaeefc084c0006_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 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ITU + +# V.76 + +(08/96) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Interfaces and voiceband modems + +--- + +**Generic multiplexer using V.42 +LAPM-based procedures** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.76 + +(Previously “CCITT Recommendation”) + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS **DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +- 1 – General +- 2 – **Interfaces and voiceband modems** +- 3 – Wideband modems +- 4 – Error control +- 5 – Transmission quality and maintenance +- 6 – Interworking with other networks + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). + +ITU-T Recommendation V.76 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 14 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 16th of August 1996. + +## --- NOTE + +1 In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +2 The status of annexes and appendices attached to the Series V Recommendations should be interpreted as follows: + +- an *annex* to a Recommendation forms an integral part of the Recommendation; +- an *appendix* to a Recommendation does not form part of the Recommendation and only provides some complementary explanation or information specific to that Recommendation. + +© ITU 1997 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +*Page* + +1 Scope 1 + +1.1 General 1 + +1.2 Relationship to other international standards and Recommendations 1 + +2 Definitions 1 + +3 Abbreviations 1 + +4 Overview of multiplexing operation and services 2 + +4.1 General 2 + +4.2 Overview of the Service User (SU) 3 + +4.3 Overview of the Multiplexing Function (MF) 3 + +4.4 Communication between the SU and the MF 4 + +5 Multiplexing platform and frame structure 5 + +5.1 Basic frame structure and fields 5 + +5.2 Format conventions 7 + +5.3 Invalid frames 8 + +5.4 Frame abort 9 + +5.5 Interframe time fill 9 + +6 Elements of procedure and field formats 9 + +6.1 Address field format 9 + +6.2 Control field format 10 + +6.3 Control field parameters and associated state variables 11 + +6.4 Frame types 12 + +6.5 Use of timers 16 + +7 DLC procedures 16 + +7.1 Establishment of a data link connection 17 + +7.2 Information transfer 19 + +7.3 Orderly release of a DLC 19 + +7.4 Disconnected state 20 + +7.5 Collision of unnumbered commands and responses 20 + +7.6 Exchange identification procedures 20 + +7.7 Loop-back test 21 + +8 Information transfer modes 21 + +8.1 Error recovery mode 21 + +8.2 Unacknowledged non-error recovery mode 28 + +8.3 Transfer of user-control information 28 + +8.4 Additional information-transfer procedures 28 + +9 System parameters of the multiplex function 31 + +9.1 Acknowledgement timer (T401) 31 + +9.2 Maximum number of retransmissions (N400) 31 + +9.3 Maximum number of octets in an information field (N401) 31 + +9.4 Window size (k) 32 + +9.5 Reply delay timer (T402) – Optional 32 + +9.6 Inactivity timer (T403) – Optional 32 + +9.7 DLCI values 32 + +9.8 Operational mode 32 + +10 Negotiation of optional procedures 32 + +ii **Recommendation V.76 (08/96)** + +| | | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----| +| Annex A – Optional suspend/resume operation ..... | 33 | +| A.1    Introduction ..... | 33 | +| A.2    Abbreviations..... | 33 | +| A.3    Operation of suspend/resume..... | 33 | +| A.4    Error conditions with suspend/resume..... | 35 | +| A.5    Interoperability of suspend/resume with basic frame format..... | 37 | +| A.6    Error-recovery performance ..... | 37 | +| Annex B – Procedures and encoding for conveying break signals ..... | 37 | +| B.1    Procedures for transfer of break signals ..... | 37 | +| B.2    Encoding of break information..... | 39 | +| Annex C – Parameter values and optional procedures for operation with Recommendation V.70 ..... | 41 | +| Appendix I – Data retransmission ..... | 42 | +| I.1    Introduction ..... | 42 | +| Appendix II – Additions for “Unnumbered information with header check” feature ..... | 46 | +| II.1    Introduction ..... | 46 | +| II.2    Abbreviations..... | 46 | +| II.3    Changes for UIH feature..... | 46 | +| Appendix III – Cross-reference between Recommendations V.76 and V.42..... | 48 | + + + +# GENERIC MULTIPLEXER USING V.42 LAPM-BASED PROCEDURES + +*(Geneva, 1996)* + +# 1 Scope + +## 1.1 General + +This Recommendation describes a set of procedures for use between peer stations for multiplexing multiple streams of information at the same time. These procedures are based on V.42 LAPM procedures but are independent of the application requiring multiplexing support. They provide two basic information-transfer modes known as Error Recovery Mode (ERM) and Unacknowledged Non Error-Recovery Mode (UNERM). + +For each stream, an information-transfer mode is chosen independently of those selected for other streams; other characteristics can also be chosen in the same fashion. All streams use a common multiplexing platform. + +## 1.2 Relationship to other international standards and Recommendations + +The protocol defined in this Recommendation can be specified in terms of the High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) formats and procedures. In particular, it makes use of the balanced asynchronous class (BAC) of HDLC procedures with the HDLC “optional functions” (1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10, 18 and 19 for the basic features and 3.1, 3.3, 12, 14 and 20 as optional features). + +## 2 Definitions + +The following terms are used in this Recommendation as defined here: + +**2.1 initiator:** A role taken on by a Multiplexing Function (MF) that determines how it operates for various functions. The information to determine that a station takes on this role is provided to the MF by means not specified in this Recommendation. The two stations involved in an instance of communication take on opposite roles. + +**2.2 responder:** A role taken on by a Multiplexing Function (MF) that determines how it operates for various functions. The information to determine that a station takes on this role is provided to the MF by means not specified in this Recommendation. The two stations involved in an instance of communication take on opposite roles. + +## 3 Abbreviations + +For the purposes this Recommendation, the following abbreviations are used. + +| | | +|------|------------------------------------| +| C/R | Command/Response | +| CRC | Cyclic Redundancy Check | +| DCE | Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment | +| DISC | Disconnect (frame) | +| DLC | Data Link Connection | + +| | | +|--------|-------------------------------------------------| +| DLCI | Data Link Connection Identifier | +| DM | Disconnect Mode (frame) | +| DTE | Data Terminal Equipment | +| EA | Address Extension | +| ERM | Error Recovery Mode | +| FCS | Frame Check Sequence | +| FRMR | Frame Reject (frame) | +| HDLC | High-Level Data Link Control | +| I | Information (frame) | +| LAPM | Link Access Procedure for Modems | +| MF | Multiplexing Function | +| m-SREJ | multi-Selective Reject (procedure) | +| REJ | Reject (frame) | +| RNR | Receive Not Ready (frame) | +| RR | Receive Ready (frame) | +| SABME | Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode Extended (frame) | +| SREJ | Selective Reject (frame) | +| s-SREJ | single-Selective Reject (procedure) | +| SU | Service User | +| UA | Unnumbered Acknowledgement (frame) | +| UI | Unnumbered Information (frame) | +| UNERM | Unacknowledged Non-Error Recovery Mode | +| XID | Exchange Identification (frame) | + +# 4 Overview of multiplexing operation and services + +## 4.1 General + +The multiplexing operation described in this Recommendation can be viewed as consisting of two parts: + +- a) a multiplex “platform” that provides a core set of functions of frame delimiting, protection from bit corruption and multiplexing and demultiplexing of multiple information streams known as Data Link Connections (DLCs); +- b) one DLC entity per DLC to operate the procedures for setting up a DLC (including negotiation/indication of appropriate parameters and functions such as selection of ERM or UNERM); transfer of information in the selected mode; and release of the DLC. + +The above division is depicted in Figure 1. + +![Diagram illustrating the division of multiplexing operation. A Service User (SU) is at the top, connected to a Multiplexing function (MF) block. The MF block contains two sub-blocks: DLC-1 (ERMa)) and DLC-n (UNERMa)), with an ellipsis between them. Below these sub-blocks is a box labeled 'Based on DLCI'. At the bottom is a box labeled 'Multiplex platform'. Arrows indicate the flow of services provided from the SU to the MF and back.](acfc53eca625d62b38aa2563efa95c3e_img.jpg) + +Service User (SU) + +Services provided ↑↓ + +Multiplexing function (MF) + +DLC-1 (ERMa)) ... DLC-n (UNERMa)) + +Based on DLCI + +Multiplex platform + +T1402990-96/d01 + +Diagram illustrating the division of multiplexing operation. A Service User (SU) is at the top, connected to a Multiplexing function (MF) block. The MF block contains two sub-blocks: DLC-1 (ERMa)) and DLC-n (UNERMa)), with an ellipsis between them. Below these sub-blocks is a box labeled 'Based on DLCI'. At the bottom is a box labeled 'Multiplex platform'. Arrows indicate the flow of services provided from the SU to the MF and back. + +a) Selection of an operational mode for one DLC is independent of other selections on other DLCs. + +FIGURE 1/V.76 +**Division of multiplexing operation** + +The multiplex operations are provided by a Multiplexing Function (MF), which provides the resulting set of services to a “higher layer” called, for purposes of discussion here, the Service User (SU). It is the responsibility of the SU to request services of the MF in a meaningful way for a specific application. + +## 4.2 Overview of the Service User (SU) + +Specification of the SU for specific applications is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. However, it is described here in a generic way so as to provide a context in which the MF provides its services. + +The SU is responsible for requesting services of the MF. The services that may be requested are: + +- establish a DLC between the station and its peer for the purposes of establishing a control channel or transferring information as characterized by various parameters – more than one DLC can be established (the maximum number is implementation-dependent); +- transfer of information in ERM or UNERM; +- release of a DLC. + +The SU shall make known to the MF whether the station is to operate as an initiator or responder for various MF procedures. + +The SU is also responsible for transferring supervisory/control information of two types. The first type affects a specific DLCI (e.g. break for a data channel) and is sent on that DLCI. The second type affects all DLCIs as a whole or is independent of any DLCI (e.g. orderly release of all DLCIs with one message); it is sent on a DLCI separate from those carrying user information. These SU functions are transparent to the MF. + +## 4.3 Overview of the Multiplexing Function (MF) + +The multiplexing procedures in this Recommendation provide for: + +- frame delimiting, alignment and transparency; +- provision for multiple DLCs; discrimination between these connections is by means of a Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) contained in each frame; + +- c) detection of transmission errors; +- d) initialization and orderly release of a DLC; +- e) independent selection of ERM or UNERM for each DLC; +- f) negotiation/indication of parameter values and optional procedures relating to DLC operation; +- g) transfer of user information; +- h) detection of format and operational errors; +- i) transparent transfer of higher-layer information or protocols; and +- j) when transferring information in ERM: + - recovery from detected transmission, format and operational errors with notification of unrecoverable errors; + - sequence control; and + - flow control. + +In terms of Figure 1, items a), b) and c) constitute the multiplex platform; the remaining items constitute the operation of each individual DLC. + +## 4.4 Communication between the SU and the MF + +Primitives are specified here for descriptive purposes only to illustrate, in an abstract fashion, how the capabilities of the MF are seen by the SU. The use of primitives is **not** meant to imply any requirements on implementations. + +The primitives are provided in Table 1. + +TABLE 1/V.76 + +**Primitives for communication between the SU and MF** + +| Service | Primitive | Types | Parameters a) | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Establish a DLC between peer SUs | L-ESTABLISH |
  • – request
  • – indication
  • – response
  • – confirm
|
  • – user data
  • – mode
| +| Transfer data in ERM | L-DATA |
  • – request
  • – indication
|
  • – user data
| +| Transfer data in UNERM | L-UNITDATA |
  • – request
  • – indication
|
  • – user data
| +| Release a DLC | L-RELEASE |
  • – request
  • – indication
|
  • – user data
| +| Transfer control information | L-SIGNAL |
  • – request
  • – indication
  • – responseb)
  • – confirmb)
|
  • – user data
| +| Negotiate/indicate parameter values and optional procedures | L-SETPARM |
  • – request
  • – indication
  • – response
  • – confirm
|
  • – user data
| +| Conduct a loop-back test between SU entities | L-TEST |
  • – request
  • – indication
|
  • – user data
| +| a) Primitives pertain to a specific DLC. Although not specified here as a parameter, a local mechanism is needed to map the DLC to a “connection endpoint identifier” understood by the SU. | | | | +| b) The need for and use of the response and confirm forms of the L-SIGNAL primitive depend on the type of control information to be transferred. | | | | + +# 5 Multiplexing platform and frame structure + +The frame structure and general procedures for basic operation of the MF are specified below. Optional modifications to the basic operation are specified in Annex A and Appendix II. + +## 5.1 Basic frame structure and fields + +### 5.1.1 Basic frame structure + +All communications using the basic frame format are accomplished using the structure shown in Figure 2. Depending on the frame type, an information field may also be present in the frame. + +![](7e670a2b556b53ea9002dfff3a420e08_img.jpg) + +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +|----------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---------| +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Octet 1 | +| Opening flag | | | | | | | | | +| Address (Note 1) | | | | | | | | 2 | +| Control (Note 2) | | | | | | | | 3 | +| Information (Note 3) | | | | | | | | | +| FCS (Note 4) | | | | | | | | | +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | N | +| Closing flag | | | | | | | | | + +#### NOTES + +- 1 The maximum size of this field is limited to two octets. +- 2 The control field is two octets for frame types with sequence numbers and one octet for frame types without sequence numbers, see 6.2. +- 3 Not all frame types have an information field. +- 4 The FCS field can be 8, 16 or 32 bits long. + +FIGURE 2/V.76 + +Basic frame structure + +### 5.1.2 Flag sequence and transparency + +All frames using the basic frame structure are delimited by the unique bit pattern “01111110”, known as a flag. The flag preceding the address field is defined as the opening flag. The flag following the frame check sequence field is defined as the closing flag. The closing flag of one frame may also serve as the opening flag of the next frame. + +Transparency is maintained by the transmitters examining the frame content between the opening and closing flags and inserting a “0” bit after all sequences of five contiguous “1” bits. The receiver examines the frame content between the opening and closing flags and discards any “0” bit that directly follows five contiguous “1” bits. + +### 5.1.3 Address field + +The primary purpose of the address field is to identify, by means of a DLCI, an individual stream of information and the DLC entity associated with it. The format of this field is defined in 6.1. + +### 5.1.4 Control field + +The control field is used to distinguish between different frame types. This field is further described in 6.2. + +### 5.1.5 Information field + +Depending on the frame type, an information field may also be present in the frame. The maximum number of octets in this field is governed by parameter N401 (see 9.3). When an information field is present, it need not be of the maximum size of N401 octets. Different maximum values may apply to each DLC. + +### 5.1.6 Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field + +This field uses a CRC polynomial to guard against bit errors. + +If support for specific FCS lengths has been indicated by both stations, then all received frames shall be checked against all the supported lengths. See 7.1.2.1. + +#### 5.1.6.1 8-bit frame check sequence + +The FCS field shall be the 8-bit sequence preceding the closing flag. The 8-bit FCS shall be the 1's complement of the sum (modulo 2) of: + +- a) the remainder of $x^k (x^7 + x^6 + x^5 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + x^1 + 1)$ divided (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^8 + x^2 + x + 1$ , where $k$ is the number of bits in the frame existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the first bit of the FCS, excluding bits inserted for transparency; and +- b) the remainder of the division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^8 + x^2 + x + 1$ , of the product of $x^8$ by the content of the frame existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the first bit of the FCS, excluding bits inserted for transparency. + +As a typical implementation at the transmitter, the initial content of the register of the device computing the remainder of the division is preset to all 1s and is then modified by division by the generator polynomial (as described above) of the address, control and information fields; the 1's complement of the resulting remainder is transmitted as the 8-bit FCS. + +As a typical implementation at the receiver, the initial content of the register of the device computing the remainder is preset to all 1s. The final remainder, after multiplication by $x^8$ and then division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^8 + x^2 + x + 1$ of the serial incoming protected bits and the FCS, will be 11110011 ( $x^7$ through $x^0$ , respectively) in the absence of transmission errors. + +#### 5.1.6.2 16-bit frame check sequence + +The FCS field shall be the 16-bit sequence preceding the closing flag. The 16-bit FCS shall be the 1's complement of the sum (modulo 2) of: + +- a) the remainder of $x^k (x^{15} + x^{14} + x^{13} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^9 + x^8 + x^7 + x^6 + x^5 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + x^1 + 1)$ divided (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^{16} + x^{12} + x^5 + 1$ , where $k$ is the number of bits in the frame existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the first bit of the FCS, excluding bits inserted for transparency; and +- b) the remainder of the division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^{16} + x^{12} + x^5 + 1$ , of the product of $x^{16}$ by the content of the frame existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the first bit of the FCS, excluding bits inserted for transparency. + +As a typical implementation at the transmitter, the initial content of the register of the device computing the remainder of the division is preset to all 1s and is then modified by division by the generator polynomial (as described above) of the address, control and information fields; the 1's complement of the resulting remainder is transmitted as the 16-bit FCS. + +As a typical implementation at the receiver, the initial content of the register of the device computing the remainder is preset to all 1s. The final remainder, after multiplication by $x^{16}$ and then division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^{16} + x^{12} + x^5 + 1$ of the serial incoming protected bits and the FCS, will be "0001 1101 0000 1111" ( $x^{15}$ through $x^0$ , respectively) in the absence of transmission errors. + +#### 5.1.6.3 32-bit frame check sequence + +The FCS shall be the 32-bit sequence preceding the closing flag. The 32-bit FCS shall be the 1's complement of the sum (modulo 2) of: + +- a) the remainder of $x^k (x^{31} + x^{30} + x^{29} + x^{28} + x^{27} + x^{26} + x^{25} + x^{24} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{21} + x^{20} + x^{19} + x^{18} + x^{17} + x^{16} + x^{15} + x^{14} + x^{13} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^9 + x^8 + x^7 + x^6 + x^5 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + x^1 + 1)$ divided (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1$ , where $k$ is the number of bits in the frame existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the first bit of the FCS, excluding bits inserted for transparency; and +- b) the remainder of the division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1$ , of the product of $x^{32}$ by the content of the frame existing between, but not including, the final bit of the opening flag and the first bit of the FCS, excluding bits inserted for transparency. + +As a typical implementation at the transmitter, the initial content of the register of the device computing the remainder of the division is preset to all 1s and is then modified by division by the generator polynomial (as described above) of the address, control and information fields; the 1's complement of the resulting remainder is transmitted as the 32-bit FCS. + +As a typical implementation at the receiver, the initial content of the register of the device computing the remainder is preset to all 1s. The final remainder, after multiplication by $x^{32}$ and then division (modulo 2) by the generator polynomial $x^{32} + x^{26} + x^{23} + x^{22} + x^{16} + x^{12} + x^{11} + x^{10} + x^8 + x^7 + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x + 1$ of the serial incoming protected bits and the FCS, will be "1100 0111 0000 0100 1101 1101 0111 1011" ( $x^{31}$ through $x^0$ , respectively) in the absence of transmission errors. + +## 5.2 Format conventions + +### 5.2.1 Numbering convention + +The basic convention used in this Recommendation is illustrated in Figure 3. The bits are grouped into octets. The bits of an octet are shown horizontally and are numbered from 1 to 8. Multiple octets are shown vertically and are numbered from 1 to $n$ . + +![](4636adff5682a064f0ae5f13a1d464a6_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|-----|---------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | Octet 1 | +| | | | | | | | | 2 | | +| | | | | | | | | . | | +| | | | | | | | | . | | +| | | | | | | | | $n$ | | + +FIGURE 3/V.76 + +#### Format convention + +#### 5.2.1.1 Order of bit transmission + +The octets are transmitted in ascending numerical order; inside an octet, bit 1 is the first bit to be transmitted. + +#### 5.2.1.2 Field mapping convention + +When a field is contained within a single octet, the lowest bit number of the field represents the lowest-order value. + +When a field spans more than one octet, the order of bit values within each octet progressively decreases as the octet number increases. The lowest bit number associated with the field represents the lowest-order value. + +For example, a bit number can be identified as a couple (o, b) where o is the octet number and b is the relative bit number within the octet. Figure 4 illustrates a field that spans from bit (1, 3) to bit (2, 7). The high-order bit of the field is mapped on bit (1, 3) and the low-order bit is mapped on bit (2, 7). + +![](b9ecbc3baefab13719e000faa6e0c7eb_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | +|----------------|----------------|---|---|---|----------------|----------------|----------------|------------------------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| | | | | | 2 4 | 2 3 | 2 2 | 1st octet of the field | +| 2 1 | 2 0 | | | | | | | 2nd octet of the field | + +FIGURE 4/V.76 +Field mapping convention + +An exception to the preceding field mapping convention is the FCS field, which spans one, two or four octets. In this case, as shown in Figure 5: + +- a) the high-order bit is bit 1 of the first octet for all FCS lengths; +- b) the low-order bit is bit 8 of the first octet (for 8-bit FCS), bit 8 of the second octet (for 16-bit FCS) or bit 8 of the fourth octet (for 32-bit FCS). + +![](a26e142d3df5bef41a84a9dd099d7825_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|------------------------|-------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| 1st octet of the field | 2 0 2 7 | | | | | | | | 2 8 2 15 | | | | | | | | 2 24 2 31 | | | | | | | | +| 2nd octet of the field | a) 8-bit FCS | | | | | | | | 2 0 2 7 | | | | | | | | 2 16 2 23 | | | | | | | | +| 3rd octet of the field | | | | | | | | | b) 16-bit FCS | | | | | | | | 2 8 2 15 | | | | | | | | +| 4th octet of the field | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 0 2 7 | | | | | | | | +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | c) 32-bit FCS | | | | | | | | + +FIGURE 5/V.76 +FCS mapping convention + +## 5.3 Invalid frames + +An invalid frame when using the basic frame format is one which meets any one (or more) of the following conditions: + +- a) is not properly bounded by two flags; or +- b) does not have at least the number of octets between flags as follows: + +| | # Octets in invalid frame | | +|------------|------------------------------|---------------------------------| +| | Frames with sequence numbers | Frames without sequence numbers | +| 8-bit FCS | < 4 | < 3 | +| 16-bit FCS | < 5 | < 4 | +| 32-bit FCS | < 7 | < 6 | + +- c) does not consist of an integral number of octets prior to 0-bit insertion or following 0-bit extraction; +- d) indicates presence of a transmission error in that all of the supported FCSs fail the corresponding check as given in 5.1.6.1 through 5.1.6.3; or +- e) contains an address field with more than two octets. + +Invalid frames shall be discarded without notification to the sender (however, see 8.4.1). Actions taken by the MF to indicate reception of an invalid frame to the SU are left to implementors. However, an indication that a frame with an FCS error [invalid frame condition d) above], has been received, may be of use to the SU when supporting DLCs for voice/audio. + +## 5.4 Frame abort + +When using the basic frame format, receipt of seven or more contiguous 1 bits shall be interpreted as an abort and the MF shall ignore the frame currently being received. + +## 5.5 Interframe time fill + +Interframe time fill is accomplished by transmitting contiguous flags between frames, i.e. multiple 8-bit flag sequences (see 5.1.2). + +# 6 Elements of procedure and field formats + +The elements of procedures define the commands and responses that are used. Procedures, which are derived from these elements of procedures, are described in subsequent subclauses. + +## 6.1 Address field format + +The format of the address field is shown in Figure 6. The address field contains the Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI), the C/R bit and the address field extension (EA) bit. + +![](a7c51c18111139f9aca2805114108565_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | +|------|---|---|---|---|---|-----|----|---------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| DLCI | | | | | | C/R | EA | Octet 2 | +| DLCI | | | | | | | EA | 2A | + +FIGURE 6/V.76 +Address field format + +### 6.1.1 Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) + +The DLCI is used to identify an individual user information stream as well as to identify SU-to-SU connections. Multiple DLCIs shall be supported but the number is implementation-specific. + +Selection of a new DLCI value shall be as follows: + +- a) the initiator shall select DLCI values for new DLCs with increasing values starting from 0; +- b) the responder shall select DLCI values for new DLCs with decreasing values starting from 63 when using one-octet address fields or 8191 when using two-octet address fields. + +The role of initiator or responder shall be made known to the MF by the SU. The means of doing so is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +Use of the second address-field octet is optional. All DLC entities shall be able to receive frames with a two-octet address field. + +Regardless of role, DLCI values freed as a result of releasing a DLC shall be reused prior to new values being allocated. In case of collision (i.e. the same DLCI value being selected), the responder shall back off its attempt to establish a new DLC (i.e. it shall inform its SU of failure to establish the DLC it attempted and continue with the DLC establishment attempt by the initiator). + +The DLCI used on a given DLC is mapped to/from an internal “connection endpoint identifier” for communication between the MF and the SU. + +### 6.1.2 Command/Response (C/R) bit + +Figure 6 shows the location of the C/R bit in the address field. The C/R (command/response) bit identifies the frame as either a command or a response. In conformance with HDLC rules, a command frame contains the “address” of the data link connection entity to which it is transmitted while a response frame contains the “address” of the data link connection entity transmitting the frame. For a given DLC, the DLCI value of the address field remains the same but the C/R bit changes, as shown in Table 2. + +TABLE 2/V.76 + +Command/response bit usage + +| Command/response | Direction | | C/R value | +|------------------|-----------|-----------------|-----------| +| Command | Initiator | ————→ Responder | 1 | +| | Responder | ————→ Initiator | 0 | +| Response | Initiator | ————→ Responder | 0 | +| | Responder | ————→ Initiator | 1 | + +### 6.1.3 Address field extension (EA) bit + +According to the rules of HDLC, the range of the address field may be extended by reserving the first transmitted bit of each octet of this field to indicate whether the octet is the last one of the field. Within the scope of this Recommendation, the address field is limited to a maximum of two octets. + +When the EA bit is set to 1 in an octet, it signifies that this octet is the last octet of the address field. When the EA bit is set to 0, it signifies that another octet of the address field follows. + +## 6.2 Control field format + +The control field identifies the type of frame, which will be a command or response. The control field will contain sequence numbers, where applicable. + +Three types of control field formats are specified: numbered information transfer (I format), supervisory functions (S format) and unnumbered information transfers and control functions (U format). The control field formats are shown in Table 3. + +### 6.2.1 Information transfer (I) format + +The I format shall be used to perform an error-protected information transfer between data link connection entities. The functions of N(S), N(R) and P are independent; that is, each I frame has an N(S) sequence number, an N(R) sequence number that may or may not acknowledge additional I frames received by the data link connection entity and a P bit that may be set to 0 or 1. + +### 6.2.2 Supervisory (S) format + +The S format shall be used to perform supervisory control procedures on the data link connection, such as acknowledge I frames, request retransmission of one or more I frames and request temporary suspension of transmission of I frames. The functions of N(R) and P/F are independent; that is, each supervisory frame has an N(R) sequence number that may or may not acknowledge additional I frames received by the data link connection entity and a P/F bit that may be set to 0 or 1. + +### 6.2.3 Unnumbered (U) format + +The U format shall be used to provide additional connection control procedures and unnumbered information transfers. The U format does not include sequence numbers but does include a P/F bit that may be set to 0 or 1. + +TABLE 3/V.76 + +#### **Control field formats** + +| Format | Control field bits (modulo 128) | | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------|---|---|-----|---|---|---|-----|---------| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| I format | N(S) | | | | | | | 0 | Octet 3 | +| | N(R) | | | | | | | P | 4 | +| S format | X | X | X | X | S | S | 0 | 1 | 3 | +| | N(R) | | | | | | | P/F | 4 | +| U format | M | M | M | P/F | M | M | 1 | 1 | 3 | +| N(S) Transmitter send sequence number
N(R) Transmitter receive sequence number
S Supervisory function bits
M Modifier function bits
P/F Poll bit when issued as a command
Final bit when issued as a response
X Reserved and set to 0 | | | | | | | | | | + +### **6.3 Control field parameters and associated state variables** + +The various parameters associated with the control field formats are described in this subclause. The coding of the bits within these parameters is such that the lowest numbered bit within the parameter field is the least-significant bit. + +### **6.3.1 Poll/final (P/F) bit** + +All frames contain the poll/final (P/F) bit. The P/F bit serves a function in both command frames and response frames. In command frames, the P/F bit is referred to as the P bit. In response frames, it is referred to as the F bit. The P bit set to 1 is used by a data link connection entity to solicit (poll) a response frame from the peer data link connection entity. The F bit set to 1 is used by a data link connection entity to indicate the response frame transmitted as a result of a soliciting (poll) command. + +### **6.3.2 Variables and sequence numbers** + +The variables and sequence numbers of the control field apply only to operation in ERM. + +#### **6.3.2.1 Modulus** + +Each I frame is sequentially numbered and may have the value 0 through $n$ minus 1 (where $n$ is the modulus of the sequence numbers). The modulus equals 128 and the sequence numbers cycle through the entire range, 0 through 127. + +NOTE – All arithmetic operations on state variables and sequence numbers contained in this Recommendation are affected by the modulus operation. + +#### **6.3.2.2 Send state variable V(S)** + +Each connection shall have an associated V(S) when using I frame commands. V(S) denotes the sequence number of the next I frame to be transmitted. V(S) can take on the value 0 through $n$ minus 1. The value of V(S) shall be incremented by 1 with each successive I frame transmission, and shall not exceed V(A) by more than the maximum number of outstanding I frames, $k$ . The value of $k$ may be in the range of $1 \leq k \leq 127$ . + +#### **6.3.2.3 Acknowledge state variable V(A)** + +Each connection shall have an associated V(A) when using I frame commands and supervisory frame commands/responses. V(A) identifies the last frame that has been acknowledged by its peer [ $V(A) - 1$ equals the N(S) of the last acknowledged I frame]. V(A) can take on the value 0 through n minus 1. The value of V(A) shall be updated by the valid N(R) values received from its peer (see 6.3.2.6). A valid N(R) value is one that is in the range $V(A) \leq N(R) \leq V(S)$ . + +#### **6.3.2.4 Send sequence number N(S)** + +Only I frames contain N(S), the send sequence number of transmitted I frames. At the time that an in-sequence I frame is designated for transmission, the value of N(S) is set equal to V(S). + +#### **6.3.2.5 Receive state variable V(R)** + +Each connection shall have an associated V(R) when using I frame commands and supervisory frame commands/responses. V(R) denotes the sequence number of the next in-sequence I frame expected to be received. V(R) can take on the value 0 through n minus 1. The value of V(R) shall be incremented by one with the receipt of an error-free, in-sequence I frame whose N(S) equals V(R). + +#### **6.3.2.6 Receive sequence number N(R)** + +All I frames and supervisory frames contain N(R), the expected send sequence number of the next received I frame. At the time that a frame of the above types is designated for transmission, the value of N(R) is set equal to V(R). N(R) indicates that the data link connection entity transmitting the N(R) has correctly received all I frames numbered up to and including $N(R) - 1$ . + +## **6.4 Frame types** + +### **6.4.1 Commands and responses** + +The command and response frames listed in Table 4 are used by either data link connection entity. For purposes of this Recommendation, those frame types not identified in Table 4 are classified as undefined command and/or response control fields; the actions to be taken are specified in 8.4.2. + +The commands and responses in Table 4 are defined in 6.4.2 through 6.4.14. An additional optional command and response are described in Appendix II. + +### **6.4.2 Information (I) command** + +The function of the information (I) command is to transfer, across a data link connection, sequentially numbered frames containing data provided by the SU. + +### **6.4.3 Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode Extended (SABME) command** + +The SABME unnumbered command is used to place the addressed data link connection entity into the connected state. + +An information field is permitted with the SABME command. A data link connection entity confirms acceptance of an SABME command by the transmission at the first opportunity of a UA response. Upon acceptance of this command, the data link connection entity's V(S), V(A) and V(R) are set to 0. The transmission of an SABME command indicates the clearance of all exception conditions. + +Previously-transmitted I frames that are unacknowledged when this command is processed remain unacknowledged and are discarded. + +### **6.4.4 Disconnect (DISC) command** + +The DISC unnumbered command is used to return to the disconnected state. + +An information field is permitted with the DISC command. The data link connection entity receiving the DISC command confirms the acceptance of a DISC command by the transmission of a UA response. The data link connection entity sending the DISC command terminates the data link connection when it receives the acknowledging UA or DM response. + +Previously-transmitted I frames that are unacknowledged when this command is processed remain unacknowledged and are discarded. + +TABLE 4/V.76 + +#### **Commands and responses** + +| Format | Commands | Responses | Control field encoding | | | | | | | | | +|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------|---|---|---------|---|---|---|---|-----| +| | | | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| Information transfer | I (information) | | N(S) | | | | | | | | 0 | +| | | | N(R) | | | | | | | | P | +| Supervisory | RR (receive ready) | RR (receive ready) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | | +| | | | N(R) | | | | | | | | P/F | +| | RNR (receive not ready) | RNR (receive not ready) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | +| | | | N(R) | | | | | | | | P/F | +| | REJ (reject) | REJ (reject) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | | +| | | | N(R) | | | | | | | | P/F | +| | SREJ (selective reject) | SREJ (selective reject) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | +| | | | N(R) | | | | | | | | P/F | +| Unnumbered | SABME (set asynchronous balanced mode extended) | | 0 | 1 | 1 | P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | +| | | DM (disconnected mode) | 0 | 0 | 0 | F | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | +| | UI (unnumbered information) | UI (unnumbered information) | 0 | 0 | 0 | P/F | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | +| | DISC (disconnect) | | 0 | 1 | 0 | P | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | +| | | UA (unnumbered acknowledgement) | 0 | 1 | 1 | F | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | +| | | FRMR (frame reject) | 1 | 0 | 0 | F | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | +| | XID (exchange identification) | XID (exchange identification) | 1 | 0 | 1 | P/F = 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | | +| | TEST (test) | | 1 | 1 | 1 | P = 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | + +Octet 3 + +### **6.4.5 Unnumbered information (UI) command/response** + +An unnumbered information (UI) frame is used to send information that the MF will not recover if lost (the SU, however, may try to ensure that the information is successfully transmitted to the remote station). The UI frame may be used in either ERM (in conjunction with I frames) or UNERM. + +No sequence numbers are contained within the control field of a UI frame. The P/F bit of a UI frame is set to 0. + +### 6.4.6 Receive ready (RR) command/response + +The RR supervisory frame is used by a data link connection entity to: + +- a) indicate it is ready to receive an I frame; +- b) acknowledge previously-received I frames numbered up to and including $N(R) - 1$ (as defined in 8.1.3.1); and +- c) clear a busy condition that was indicated by the earlier transmission of an RNR frame by that same data link connection entity. + +In addition to indicating the status of a data link connection entity, the RR command with the P bit set to 1 may be used by the data link connection entity to ask for the status of its peer data link connection entity. + +### 6.4.7 Reject (REJ) command/response + +The REJ supervisory frame is used by a data link connection entity to request retransmission of I frames starting with the frame numbered $N(R)$ . The value of $N(R)$ in the REJ frame acknowledges I frames numbered up to and including $N(R) - 1$ . New I frames pending initial transmission shall be transmitted following the retransmitted I frame(s). + +Only one REJ exception condition for a given direction of information transfer is established at a time. The REJ exception condition is cleared (reset) upon the receipt of an I frame with an $N(S)$ equal to the $N(R)$ of the REJ frame. + +The transmission of an REJ frame shall also indicate the clearance of any busy condition within the sending data link connection entity that was reported by the earlier transmission of an RNR frame by that same data link connection entity. + +In addition to indicating the status of a data link connection entity, the REJ command with the P bit set to 1 may be used by the data link connection entity to ask for the status of its peer data link connection entity. + +#### 6.4.8 Selective reject (SREJ) + +#### 6.4.8.1 Selective reject (SREJ) command/response (for use with s-SREJ procedure) + +Implementation of the single-Selective Reject (s-SREJ) procedure is optional; if implemented it shall use the SREJ frame as described here. When implemented, it is used by a data link connection entity to request retransmission of the single I frame numbered $N(R)$ . The P/F bit of an SREJ frame is always set to 0. In this case, the $N(R)$ of the SREJ frame does not indicate acknowledgement of any I frames. + +Each SREJ exception condition is cleared upon receipt of the I frame with an $N(S)$ equal to the $N(R)$ of the SREJ frame. A data link connection entity may transmit one or more SREJ frames, each containing a different $N(R)$ , with the P/F bit set to 0 before one or more earlier SREJ exception conditions have been cleared. + +I frames that may have been transmitted following the I frame indicated by the SREJ frame shall not be retransmitted as the result of receiving an SREJ frame. Additional I frames awaiting initial transmission may be transmitted following the retransmission of the specific I frame requested by the SREJ frame. + +#### 6.4.8.2 Selective reject (SREJ) response (for use with m-SREJ procedure) + +Implementation of the multi-selective reject (m-SREJ) procedure is optional; if implemented it shall use the SREJ response frame as described here. When implemented, it is used by a DLC entity to initiate error recovery by requesting retransmission of one or more (not necessarily contiguous) lost I frames. The $N(R)$ field of the control field of the SREJ frame shall contain the sequence number of the earliest I frame to be retransmitted and the information field shall contain the sequence numbers of additional I frame(s), if any, in need of retransmission. + +The data link connection entity shall create a list of sequence numbers $N(X)$ , $N(X) + 1$ , $N(X) + 2$ , $N(Y)$ , $N(Z) + 3$ , $N(Z) + 4$ , ..., $N(S) - 1$ , where $N(X)$ is greater than or equal to $V(R)$ and none of the I frames $N(X)$ to $N(S) - 1$ have been received. The $N(R)$ field of the SREJ frame shall be set to $N(X)$ and the information field set to the list $N(X) + 1$ , ..., $N(S) - 1$ . The information field shall be encoded such that there is one octet for each I frame in need of retransmission. The sequence number of each designated I frame shall occupy bit positions 2-8 of an octet, as depicted in Figure 7. + +If the list of sequence numbers is too large to fit in the information field of the SREJ frame, then the list shall be truncated to fit in one SREJ frame, by including only the earliest sequence numbers. The truncated sequence numbers may be transmitted in another SREJ frame. The number of bits in the information field of an SREJ frame shall not exceed the value of parameter N401, the maximum number of octets in the information field of a frame. + +If the F bit in an SREJ frame is set to 1, then I frames numbered up to $N(R) - 1$ inclusive are considered as acknowledged. If the F bit in an SREJ frame is set to 0, then the $N(R)$ in the control field of the SREJ frame does not indicate acknowledgement of I frames. + +Each SREJ exception condition is cleared upon receipt of the I frame(s) with an $N(S)$ equal to the $N(R)$ identified in the SREJ frame control field and, if present, information field. A data link connection entity may transmit one or more SREJ response frames with their F bit set to 0, each containing one or more different $N(R)$ values before earlier exception conditions have been cleared. + +I frames that may have been transmitted following an I frame indicated in an SREJ frame shall not be transmitted as the result of receiving an SREJ frame. Additional I frames awaiting initial transmission may be transmitted following the retransmission of a specific I frame(s) requested by an SREJ frame. + +![Diagram showing the control and information field encoding of SREJ frame for m-SREJ procedure. The top part shows the frame structure: Flag, Address (Note 1), Control, Information, FCS (Note 2), Flag. The bottom part expands the Control and Information fields into bit-level details with arrows pointing to specific N(R) fields labeled as sequence numbers for retransmission.](a3472689858b068ef469213682965325_img.jpg) + +``` + +graph TD + subgraph Frame_Structure + F1[Flag] --- A[Address Note 1] --- C[Control] --- I[Information] --- FCS[FCS Note 2] --- F2[Flag] + end + C -.-> C_Bits + I -.-> I_Bits + +``` + +Detailed bit-level encoding expansion: + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|--------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---------------------------------|------|--|--|--|--|--|--|---|------|--|--|--|--|--|--|---|------|--|--|--|--|--|--|---|------|--|--|--|--|--|--|---|-----|--|--| +| Control Field Bits | | | | | | | | Information Field Bits (Octets) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N(R) | | | | | | | 1 | N(R) | | | | | | | 1 | N(R) | | | | | | | 0 | N(R) | | | | | | | 1 | ... | | | + +Labels for N(R) fields (from left to right): + +- Sequence number of stand-alone I frame to be retransmitted (points to N(R) in Control field) +- Sequence number of first I frame in span list to be retransmitted (points to first N(R) in Information field) +- Sequence number of last I frame in span list to be retransmitted (points to third N(R) in Information field) +- Sequence number of stand-alone I frame to be retransmitted (points to fourth N(R) in Information field) + +T1402420-96/d02 + +Diagram showing the control and information field encoding of SREJ frame for m-SREJ procedure. The top part shows the frame structure: Flag, Address (Note 1), Control, Information, FCS (Note 2), Flag. The bottom part expands the Control and Information fields into bit-level details with arrows pointing to specific N(R) fields labeled as sequence numbers for retransmission. + +###### NOTES + +- 1 The maximum size of this field is limited to 2 octets. +- 2 The FCS field can be either 8-, 16-, or 32-bits in length. + +**FIGURE 7/V.76** +**Control and information field encoding of SREJ frame for m-SREJ procedure** + +### 6.4.9 Receive not ready (RNR) command/response + +The RNR supervisory frame is used by a data link connection entity to indicate a busy condition – that is, a temporary inability to accept additional incoming I frames. The value of $N(R)$ in the RNR frame acknowledges I frames numbered up to and including $N(R) - 1$ . + +In addition to indicating the status of a data link connection entity, the RNR command with the P bit set to 1 may be used by the data link connection entity to ask for the status of its peer data link connection entity. + +### **6.4.10 Unnumbered Acknowledgement (UA) response** + +The UA unnumbered response is used by a data link connection entity to acknowledge the receipt and acceptance of the mode-setting commands (SABME or DISC). Received mode-setting commands are not processed until the UA response is transmitted. An information field is permitted with the UA response. The transmission of the UA response indicates the clearance of any busy condition that was reported by the earlier transmission of an RNR frame by that same data link connection entity. + +### **6.4.11 Disconnected Mode (DM) response** + +The DM unnumbered response is used by a data link connection entity to report to its peer that the data link connection entity is in the disconnected state and/or unable or unwilling to enter the connected state. An information field is permitted with the DM response. + +### **6.4.12 Frame reject (FRMR) response** + +The FRMR unnumbered response may be received by a data link connection entity as a report of an error condition not recoverable by retransmission of the identical frame, i.e. at least one of the following error conditions resulting from the receipt of a valid frame: + +- a) the receipt of a command or response control field that is undefined or not implemented; +- b) the receipt of a supervisory or unnumbered frame with incorrect length; +- c) the receipt of an invalid N(R); or +- d) the receipt of a frame with an information field which exceeds the maximum established length. + +An undefined control field is any of the control field encodings not identified in Table 4. + +A valid N(R) value is one that is in the range $V(A) \leq N(R) \leq V(S)$ . + +An information field which immediately follows the control field and consists of five octets is returned with this response and provides the reason for the FRMR response. This information field format is given in Figure 8. + +### **6.4.13 Exchange identification (XID) command/response** + +XID frames are used to exchange general identification information as provided by the SU. No sequence numbers are contained within the control field of an XID frame. The P/F bit of an XID frame is set to 0. + +### **6.4.14 Test (TEST) command** + +Implementation of the TEST command frame is optional. When implemented, it is used to conduct a loop-back test between the two SUs. No sequence numbers are contained within the control field of a TEST frame. The P bit of a TEST command frame is set to 0. + +An information field, not specified by this Recommendation, is also included in the frame. The SU initiating a loop-back test chooses the contents of the information field. The SU responding to a loop-back test returns the information field received from the originator. + +## **6.5 Use of timers** + +For various functions in the following subclauses, timers are used to ensure proper operation of the protocol. In these clauses, the following terminology is used to describe timer operations: + +- a) to start or restart a timer both imply that the timer is set to run from a predefined value; +- b) to stop a timer implies that it no longer runs and that the value of the timer at the time it is stopped is of no significance. + +# **7 DLC procedures** + +When sending the first protocol frame following establishment of the physical connection (e.g. an SABME or XID frame), the originator may first need to transmit flag patterns for a period of time sufficient to guarantee the transmission of at least 16 flag patterns. + +![](c914f51f4427bc672dd0526cfc90ebe9_img.jpg) + +| | | | | | | | | | +|------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | +| Rejected frame control field | | | | | | | | Octet 4 | +| V(S) | | | | | | | | 5 | +| V(R) | | | | | | | | 6 | +| C/R | | | | | | | | 7 | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | W | X | Y | Z | 8 | + +#### NOTES + +- 1 Rejected frame control field is the control field of the received frame which caused the frame reject. When the rejected frame is an unnumbered frame, the control field of the rejected frame is positioned in octet 4, with octet 5 set to 00000000. +- 2 V(S) is the current send state variable value of the data link connection entity reporting the rejection condition. +- 3 C/R is set to 1 if the frame rejected was a response and is set to 0 if the frame rejected was a command. +- 4 V(R) is the current receive state variable value of the data link connection entity reporting the rejection condition. +- 5 W set to 1 indicates that the control field received and returned in octets 4 and 5 was undefined or not implemented. +- 6 X set to 1 indicates that the control field received and returned in octets 4 and 5 was considered invalid because the frame contained an information field which is not permitted with this frame or is a supervisory or unnumbered frame with incorrect length. Bit W must be set to 1 in conjunction with this bit. +- 7 Y set to 1 indicates that the information field received exceeded the maximum established information field length (N401) of the data link connection entity reporting the rejection condition. +- 8 Z set to 1 indicates that the control field received and returned in octets 4 and 5 contained an invalid N(R). +- 9 Octet 6, bit 1 and octet 8, bits 5 through 8 shall be set to 0. + +FIGURE 8/V.76 + +## FRMR information field format + +## 7.1 Establishment of a data link connection + +### 7.1.1 General + +The procedures for DLC establishment in this clause apply to both ERM and UNERM. + +The procedures in this clause are used to establish a data link connection (i.e. go from a disconnected to a connected state) to allow the transfer of user data. + +On receipt of an L-ESTABLISH request primitive from its SU, the MF shall attempt to establish the data link connection. The data link connection entity transmits an SABME frame; any user-data contained in the L-ESTABLISH request primitive is included in the information field of the SABME frame. All frames other than U-format frames received at this time shall be ignored. + +### 7.1.2 Detailed procedures + +#### 7.1.2.1 Establishment procedures + +A request to establish the data link connection is initiated by the transmission of the SABME command. All existing exception conditions shall be cleared, the retransmission counter shall be reset, and timer T401 shall then be started (timer T401 is defined in 9.1). + +When transmitting an SABME frame, it shall contain the appropriate FCS length as instructed by the SU. All subsequent frames transmitted on the DLC shall contain the same FCS length as the SABME. + +To avoid misinterpretation of a received DM response frame, the SABME frame shall always be transmitted with its P bit set to 1. + +A data link connection entity receiving an SABME command, if it is able to establish the data link connection (as indicated by receipt of an L-ESTABLISH response primitive from the SU in response to an L-ESTABLISH indication primitive), shall: + +- respond with a UA response with the F bit set to the same binary value as the P bit in the received SABME command; +- set V(S), V(R) and V(A) to 0; +- consider the data link connection as established and enter the connected state; +- clear all existing exception conditions; +- clear any existing peer-receiver busy condition; and +- start timer T403 (timer T403 is defined in 9.6) if implemented. + +NOTE – When a repeated SABME frame is received during link establishment, indicating that the originating station may not have received the UA response, any unacknowledged I frames remain unacknowledged with respect to the MF. Responsibility for the contents of the information fields of such I frames reverts to the SU. Whether or not the contents of these information fields are reassigned to the MF is decided by the SU. + +If the SU is unable to accept establishment of the data link connection (as indicated by an L-RELEASE request primitive from the SU in response to an L-ESTABLISH indication primitive), the data link connection entity shall respond to the SABME command with a DM response with the F bit set to the same binary value as the P bit in the received SABME command. + +When returning a UA or DM frame, the DLC entity shall use the same FCS length as present in the received SABME frame. If a UA frame was returned, all subsequent frames transmitted on this DLC shall contain this same FCS length. + +Upon reception of the UA response with the F bit set to 1, the originator of the SABME command shall: + +- stop timer T401; +- start timer T403 if implemented; +- set V(S), V(R), and V(A) to 0; and +- consider the data link connection as established (i.e. enter the connected state) and inform the SU by using the L-ESTABLISH confirm primitive. + +Upon reception of a DM response with the F bit set to 1, the originator of the SABME command shall inform its SU of a failure to establish the data link connection (by issuing an L-RELEASE indication primitive) and stop timer T401. DM responses with the F bit set to 0 shall be ignored in this case. + +Upon receipt of an I frame or a supervisory frame, the originator of the SABME command may assume that the responding data link connection entity has received and accepted the SABME command and sent a UA response, but that the UA response was lost in transmission. It may proceed as though a UA response has been received, and perform the actions noted above for reception of the UA response before processing the received I frame or supervisory frame. + +#### 7.1.2.2 Procedure on expiry of timer T401 + +If timer T401 expires before the UA or DM response with the F bit set to 1 is received, the data link connection entity shall: + +- retransmit the SABME command as above; +- restart timer T401; and +- increment the retransmission counter (N400). + +After retransmission of the SABME command N400 times and failure to receive a response, the data link connection entity shall indicate this to the SU by means of the L-RELEASE indication primitive. Any data in queue shall be discarded. + +The value of N400 is defined in 9.2. + +## 7.2 Information transfer + +The procedures for information transfer in ERM and UNERM are provided in clause 8 below. + +## 7.3 Orderly release of a DLC + +### 7.3.1 General + +The procedures for DLC release in this subclause apply to both ERM and UNERM. + +These procedures shall be used to return a DLC to the disconnected state. The SU requests release of a DLC by use of the L-RELEASE request primitive. + +All outstanding L-DATA and L-SIGNAL request primitives and all associated frames in queue shall be discarded. The data link connection entity transmits a DISC frame; any user-data contained in the L-RELEASE request primitive is included in the information field of the DISC frame. All frames other than U-format frames received at this time shall be ignored. + +### 7.3.2 Release procedure + +A data link connection entity shall initiate a request for release of the connection by transmitting the disconnect (DISC) command. + +To avoid misinterpretation of a received DM response frame, the DISC frame shall always be transmitted with its P bits set to 1. + +Timer T401 shall then be started and the retransmission counter reset. + +A data link connection entity receiving a DISC command while in the connected state shall transmit a UA response with the F bit set to the same binary value as the P bit in the received DISC command. An L-RELEASE indication primitive shall be passed to the SU, and the disconnected state shall be entered. + +If the originator of the DISC command receives either: + +- a UA response with the F bit set to 1; or +- a DM response with the F bit set to 1, indicating that the peer data link connection entity is already in the disconnected state, + +it shall enter the disconnected state and stop timer T401. + +The data link connection entity that issued the DISC command is now in the disconnected state and will notify its SU. The conditions relating to this state are defined in 7.4. + +### **7.3.3 Procedure on expiry of timer T401** + +If timer T401 expires before a UA or DM response with its F bit set to 1 is received, the data link connection entity shall: + +- retransmit the DISC command as above; +- restart timer T401; and +- increment the retransmission counter (N400). + +If the data link connection entity has not received the correct response as defined in 7.3.2, after N400 attempts to recover, the data link connection entity shall enter the disconnected state and notify its SU. + +## **7.4 Disconnected state** + +The disconnected state applies to each DLC. + +While in the disconnected state: + +- the receipt of a DISC command shall result in the transmission of a DM response with F bit set to the value of the received P bit; +- on receipt of an SABME command, the procedures defined in 7.1 shall be followed; +- on receipt of an unsolicited DM response with the F bit set to 0, the data link connection entity shall, if it is able to and the SU is willing, initiate the data link connection establishment procedures by the transmission of an SABME (see 7.1.2.1); otherwise, the DM shall be ignored; and +- all other frame types shall be discarded. + +## **7.5 Collision of unnumbered commands and responses** + +### **7.5.1 Identical transmitted and received mode-setting commands** + +If transmitted and received unnumbered mode-setting commands (SABME or DISC) are the same, the data link connection entities shall send the UA response at the earliest possible opportunity. The indicated state (the connected state if the commands were SABMEs, or the disconnected state if they were DISCs) shall be entered after receiving the UA response. The data link connection entity shall notify its SU by means of the appropriate primitive. + +### **7.5.2 Different transmitted and received mode-setting commands** + +If the transmitted and received unnumbered mode-setting commands (SABME or DISC) are different, the data link connection entities shall issue a DM response at the earliest possible opportunity. Upon receipt of a DM response with the F bit set to 1, the data link connection entity shall enter the disconnected state and notify its SU by means of an L-RELEASE indication primitive. + +### **7.5.3 Unsolicited DM response and SABME or DISC command** + +A DM response with its F bit to 0 colliding with an SABME or DISC command shall be ignored. + +## **7.6 Exchange identification procedures** + +### **7.6.1 General** + +Upon receipt of an L-SETPARM request primitive from its SU, a data link connection entity shall initiate exchange identification procedures using XID frames (e.g. to indicate parameter values and optional procedures with the remote station). + +NOTE – Procedures for renegotiating parameter values and/or use of optional values, once a DLC has been opened, are for further study. + +### **7.6.2 Exchange identification procedure** + +Upon receipt of an L-SETPARM request primitive, the data link connection entity shall transmit an XID command frame. The information field of this frame shall contain the user data parameter of this primitive. Timer T401 shall then be started and the retransmission counter, N400, reset. + +On receipt of an XID command frame, the data link connection entity shall issue an L-SETPARM indication primitive to its SU, passing it the contents of the information field. + +On receipt of an L-SETPARM response primitive from its SU, a data link connection entity shall return the indicated user data in the information field of an XID response frame. + +On receipt of an XID response frame, the data link connection entity shall inform its SU by an L-SETPARM confirm primitive of the values contained in the information field. + +### **7.6.3 Procedure on expiry of timer T401** + +If timer T401 expires before receipt of the XID response frame, the data link connection entity shall: + +- retransmit the XID command as above; +- restart timer T401; and +- increment the retransmission counter (N400). + +After retransmission of the XID command N400 times and failure to receive an XID response, the data link connection entity shall notify the SU that the exchange identification procedure did not complete. + +The value of N400 is defined in 9.2. + +## **7.7 Loop-back test** + +Upon receipt of an L-TEST request primitive from its SU, the data link connection entity shall transmit a TEST command frame with its P bit set to 0. The information field of the TEST frame shall be used to convey the information provided by the SU. Its receipt does not affect the flow of other frames. + +On receipt of a TEST command frame with its P bit set to 0, the data link connection entity shall issue an L-TEST indication primitive to its SU that also conveys the contents of the information field from the received TEST frame. + +# **8 Information transfer modes** + +Having either transmitted the UA response to a received SABME command or received the UA response to a transmitted SABME command, information transfer may commence. This clause deals with the transfer of user data. + +## **8.1 Error recovery mode** + +### **8.1.1 Transmitting I frames** + +Data received by the data link connection entity from the SU by means of an L-DATA request primitive shall be transmitted in an I frame. The control field parameters N(S) and N(R) shall be assigned the values V(S) and V(R), respectively. V(S) shall be incremented by 1 at the end of the transmission of the I frame. + +If timer T401 is not running at the time of transmission of an I frame, it shall be started. If timer T401 expires, the procedures defined in 8.1.8 shall be followed. + +If V(S) is equal to V(A) plus $k$ (where $k$ is the maximum number of outstanding I frames – see 9.4), the data link connection entity shall not transmit any new I frames, but may retransmit an I frame as a result of the error-recovery procedures as described in 8.1.4 and 8.1.5. + +When a data link connection entity is in an own-receiver busy condition, it may still transmit I frames, provided that a peer-receiver busy condition does not exist. + +NOTE – L-DATA request primitives received while in the timer-recovery condition (see 8.1.11) shall be queued. + +### 8.1.2 Receiving I frames + +Independent of a timer-recovery condition, when a data link connection entity is not in an own-receiver busy condition and receives a valid I frame whose $N(S)$ is equal to the current $V(R)$ , the data link connection entity shall: + +- pass the information field of this frame to the SU using the L-DATA indication primitive; +- increment by 1 its $V(R)$ and act as indicated below. + +#### 8.1.2.1 P bit set to 1 + +If the P bit of the received I frame was set to 1, the data link connection entity shall respond to its peer in one of the following ways: + +- if the data link connection entity receiving the I frame is still not in an own-receiver busy condition, it shall send an RR response with the F bit set to 1; +- if the data link connection entity receiving the I frame enters the own-receiver busy condition upon receipt of the I frame, it shall send an RNR response with the F bit set to 1. + +#### 8.1.2.2 P bit set to 0 + +If the P bit of the received I frame was set to 0 and: + +- a) if the data link connection entity is still not in an own-receiver busy condition: + - if no I frame is available for transmission or if an I frame is available for transmission but a peer-receiver busy condition exists, the data link connection entity shall transmit an RR response with the F bit set to 0; or + - if an I frame is available for transmission and no peer-receiver busy condition exists, the data link connection entity shall transmit the I frame with the value of $N(R)$ set to the current value of $V(R)$ as defined in 8.1.1; or +- b) if, on receipt of this I frame, the data link connection entity is now in an own-receiver busy condition, it shall transmit an RNR response with the F bit set to 0. + +When the data link connection entity is in an own-receiver busy condition, it shall process any received I frame according to 8.1.7. + +### 8.1.3 Sending and receiving acknowledgements + +#### 8.1.3.1 Sending acknowledgements + +Whenever a data link connection entity transmits an I frame or an RR, RNR or REJ supervisory frame, $N(R)$ shall be set equal to $V(R)$ . + +#### 8.1.3.2 Receiving acknowledgements + +On receipt of a valid I frame or an RR, RNR or REJ supervisory frame, even in the own-receiver busy or the timer recovery condition, the data link connection entity shall treat the $N(R)$ contained in this frame as an acknowledgement for all the I frames it has transmitted with an $N(S)$ up to and including the received $N(R) - 1$ . $V(A)$ shall be set to $N(R)$ . The data link connection entity shall stop the timer T401 on receipt of a valid I frame or an RR, RNR or REJ supervisory frame with the $N(R)$ higher than $V(A)$ (actually acknowledging some I frames), or an REJ frame with an $N(R)$ equal to $V(A)$ . The data link connection entity shall stop the timer T401 on receipt of an SREJ supervisory frame with an $N(R)$ equal to or higher than $V(A)$ , even though there is no acknowledgement function associated with the $N(R)$ contained in the SREJ frame. + +###### NOTES + +- 1 If an RR, RNR or REJ supervisory frame with P bit set to 1 has been transmitted and not acknowledged, timer T401 shall not be stopped. +- 2 Upon receipt of a valid I frame, timer T401 shall not be stopped if the data link connection entity is in the peer-receiver busy condition (i.e. the remote data link connection entity had indicated a busy condition). + +If timer T401 has been stopped by the receipt of an I, RR or RNR frame, and if there are outstanding I frames still unacknowledged, the data link connection entity shall restart timer T401. If timer T401 then expires, the data link connection entity shall follow the recovery procedure as defined in 8.1.8 with respect to the unacknowledged I frames. + +If timer T401 has been stopped by the receipt of an REJ frame, the data link connection entity shall follow the retransmission procedures in 8.1.4. + +If timer T401 has been stopped by the receipt of an SREJ frame, the data link connection entity shall follow the selective retransmission in 8.1.5 and start timer T401. If timer T401 then expires, the data link connection entity shall follow the recovery procedure defined in 8.1.8 with respect to the unacknowledged I frames. + +#### **8.1.4 Receiving REJ frames** + +On receipt of a valid REJ frame, the data link connection entity shall act as follows: + +- a) if it is not in the timer-recovery condition: + - clear an existing peer-receiver busy condition; + - set its V(S) and its V(A) to the value of the N(R) contained in the REJ frame control field; + - stop timer T401; + - start timer T403 if implemented; + - if it was an REJ command frame with the P bit set to 1, transmit an appropriate supervisory response frame (see Note 2 in 8.1.6) with the F bit set to 1; + - transmit the corresponding I frame as soon as possible, as defined in 8.1.1, taking into account the items 1) to 3) below and the paragraph following items 1) to 3); and + - note that a protocol violation has occurred if the received frame was an REJ response frame with the F bit set to 1; +- b) if it is in the timer-recovery condition and it was an REJ response frame with the F bit set to 1: + - clear an existing peer-receiver busy condition; + - set its V(S) and its V(A) to the value of the N(R) contained in the control field of the REJ frame; + - stop timer T401; + - start timer T403 if implemented; and + - transmit the corresponding I frame as soon as possible, as defined in 8.1.1, taking into account the items 1) to 3) below and the paragraph following items 1) to 3); +- c) if it is in the timer-recovery condition and it was an REJ frame other than an REJ response frame with the F bit set to 1: + - clear an existing peer-receiver busy condition; + - set its V(A) to the value of the N(R) contained in the control field of the REJ frame; and + - if it was an REJ command frame with the P bit set to 1, transmit an appropriate supervisory response frame with the F bit set to 1 (see Note 2 in 8.1.6). + +Transmission of I frames shall take account of the following: + +- 1) if the data link connection entity is transmitting a supervisory frame when it receives the REJ frame, it shall complete that transmission before commencing transmission of the requested I frame; +- 2) if the data link connection entity is transmitting an SABME command, a DISC command, a UA response, or a DM response when it receives the REJ frame, it shall ignore the request for retransmission; and +- 3) if the data link connection entity is not transmitting a frame when the REJ is received, it shall immediately commence transmission of the requested I frame. + +All outstanding unacknowledged I frames, commencing with the I frame identified in the received REJ frame shall be transmitted. Other I frames not yet transmitted may be transmitted following the retransmitted I frames. + +#### **8.1.5 Receiving SREJ frames** + +#### **8.1.5.1 Single-SREJ procedure** + +If the optional selective retransmission procedure has been agreed for use on the data link connection, then receipt of an SREJ frame results in the retransmission of the I frame whose N(S) is equal to the N(R) in the SREJ frame. No other I frames shall be retransmitted as a result of receiving the SREJ frame (however, I frames pending initial transmission may be transmitted). + +Transmission of I frames shall take account of the following: + +- 1) if the data link connection entity is transmitting a supervisory frame when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall complete that transmission before commencing transmission of the requested I frame; +- 2) if the data link connection entity is transmitting an SABME command, a DISC command, a UA response, or a DM response when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall ignore the request for retransmission; and +- 3) if the data link connection entity is not transmitting a frame when the SREJ is received, it shall immediately commence transmission of the requested I frame. + +If the optional selective retransmission procedure has not been agreed for use, then receipt of an SREJ frame shall be treated as an unrecognized command/response control field (see 8.4.2). + +#### **8.1.5.2 Multi-SREJ procedure** + +##### **8.1.5.2.1 SREJ response frame with F bit = 0** + +When receiving an SREJ response frame with its F bit set to 0, the data link connection entity shall retransmit all I frames whose sequence numbers are indicated in the N(R) field and the information field of the SREJ frame, in the order specified in the SREJ frame. Retransmission shall conform to the following: + +- a) if the data link connection entity is transmitting a supervisory or I frame when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall complete that transmission before commencing transmission of the requested I frame(s); +- b) if the data link connection entity is transmitting an unnumbered command or response when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall ignore the request for retransmission; and +- c) if the data link connection entity is not transmitting any frame when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall commence transmission of the requested I frames immediately. + +If there is no outstanding poll condition, then a poll shall be sent either by transmitting an RR command (or RNR command if the data link connection entity is in the busy condition) with the P bit set to 1 or by setting the P bit in the last retransmitted I frame. Timer T401 shall be restarted. + +If there is an outstanding poll condition, then timer T401 shall not be restarted. + +##### **8.1.5.2.2 SREJ response frame with F bit = 1** + +When receiving an SREJ response frame with its F bit set to 1, the data link connection entity shall retransmit all I frames whose sequence numbers are indicated in the N(R) field and the information field of the SREJ frame, in the order specified in the SREJ frame, except those I frames that were sent subsequent to the frame with the P bit set to 1 was sent. Retransmission shall conform to the following: + +- a) if the data link connection entity is transmitting a supervisory or I frame when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall complete that transmission before commencing transmission of the requested I frames; +- b) if the data link connection entity is transmitting an unnumbered command or response when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall ignore the request for retransmission; and +- c) if the data link connection entity is not transmitting any frame when it receives the SREJ frame, it shall commence transmission of the requested I frames immediately. + +If any frames are retransmitted, then a poll shall be sent either by transmitting an RR command (or RNR command if the data link connection entity is in the busy condition) with the P bit set to 1 or by setting the P bit in the last retransmitted I frame. + +Timer T401 shall be restarted. + +### 8.1.6 Receiving RNR frames + +After receiving a valid RNR command or response, if the data link connection entity is not engaged in a mode-setting operation (i.e. not transmitting an SABME or DISC frame), it shall set a peer-receiver busy condition and then: + +- if it was an RNR command with the P bit set to 1, it shall respond with an RR response with the F bit set to 1 if the data link connection entity is not in an own-receiver busy condition, and shall respond with an RNR response with the F bit set to 1 if the data link connection entity is in an own-receiver busy condition; and +- if it was an RNR response with the F bit set to 1, an existing timer-recovery condition shall be cleared and the N(R) contained in this RNR response shall be used to update V(S). + +The data link connection entity shall take note of the peer-receiver busy condition and not transmit any I frames to the remote data link connection entity. + +NOTE 1 – The N(R) in any RR or RNR command frame (irrespective of the setting of the P bit) will not be used to update the send state variable V(S). + +The data link connection entity shall then: + +- treat the N(R) contained in the received RNR frame as an acknowledgement for all the I frames that have been (re)transmitted with an N(S) up to and including $N(R) - 1$ , and set its V(A) to the value of the N(R) contained in the RNR frame; and +- restart timer T401 unless a supervisory response frame with F bit set to 1 is still expected. + +If timer T401 expires, the data link connection entity shall: + +- if it is not yet in a timer-recovery condition, enter the timer-recovery condition and reset the retransmission count variable; or +- if it is already in a timer-recovery condition, add one to its retransmission count variable. + +The data link connection entity shall then: + +- a) if the value of the retransmission count variable is less than N400: + - transmit an appropriate RR, RNR or REJ supervisory command (see Note 2) with P bit set to 1; + - restart timer T401; and +- b) if the value of the retransmission count variable is equal to N400, initiate a termination procedure as defined in 8.4.6. + +The data link connection entity receiving the RR, RNR or REJ supervisory frame with the P bit set to 1 shall respond, at the earliest opportunity, with an RR, RNR or REJ supervisory response frame (see Note 2) with the F bit set to 1 to indicate whether or not its own-receiver busy condition still exists. + +Upon receipt of the supervisory response with the F bit set to 1, the data link connection entity shall stop timer T401, and: + +- if the response is an RR, REJ or SREJ response, the peer-receiver busy condition is cleared and the data link connection entity may transmit new I frames or retransmit I frames as defined in 8.1.1 or 8.1.4, respectively; or +- if the response is an RNR response, the data link connection entity receiving the response shall proceed according to the first paragraph of this subclause. + +If a supervisory command (RR, RNR or REJ) with the P bit set to 0 or 1, or a supervisory response frame (RR, RNR or REJ) with the F bit set to 0 is received during the inquiry process, the data link connection entity shall: + +- if the supervisory frame is an RR or REJ command frame or an RR, REJ or SREJ response frame, clear the peer-receiver busy condition and if the supervisory frame received was a command with the P bit set + +to 1, transmit the appropriate supervisory response frame (see Note 2) with the F bit set to 1. However, the transmission or retransmission of I frames shall not be undertaken until the appropriate supervisory response frame with the F bit set to 1 is received or until the expiry of timer T401; or + +- if the supervisory frame is an RNR command frame or an RNR response frame, retain the peer-receiver busy condition and if the supervisory frame received was an RNR command with P bit set to 1, transmit the appropriate supervisory response frame (see Note 2) with the F bit set to 1. + +NOTE 2 – If the data link connection entity is not in an own-receiver busy condition and is in a reject-exception condition [that is, an N(S) sequence error has been detected and an REJ frame has been transmitted, but the requested I frame has not been received], the appropriate supervisory frame is the RR frame. + +- If the data link connection entity is not in an own-receiver busy condition but is in an N(S) sequence error exception condition [that is, an N(S) sequence error has been detected but an REJ frame has not been transmitted], the appropriate supervisory frame is the REJ frame; +- if the data link connection entity is in its own-receiver busy condition, the appropriate supervisory frame is the RNR frame; +- otherwise, the appropriate supervisory frame is the RR frame. + +### 8.1.7 Own-receiver busy condition + +When the data link connection entity enters an own-receiver busy condition, it shall transmit an RNR frame at the earliest opportunity. + +The RNR frame may be either: + +- an RNR frame with the F bit set to 0; or +- if this condition is entered on receiving a command frame with the P bit set to 1, an RNR response with the F bit set to 1; or +- if this condition is entered on expiry of timer T401, an RNR command with the P bit set to 1. + +All received I frames with the P bit set to 0 shall be discarded, after updating V(A). + +All received RR, RNR and REJ supervisory frames with the P/F bit set to 0 shall be processed, including updating V(A). + +All received SREJ supervisory frames with the P/F bit set to 0 shall be processed as specified in 8.1.5. + +All received I frames with the P bit set to 1 shall be discarded, after updating V(A). However, an RNR response frame with the F bit set to 1 shall be transmitted. + +All received RR, RNR and REJ supervisory frames with the P bit set to 1 shall be processed, including updating V(A). An RNR response with the F bit set to 1 shall be transmitted. + +To indicate to the peer data link connection entity the clearance of the own-receiver busy condition, the data link connection entity shall transmit an RR frame or, if a previously-detected N(S) sequence error has not yet been reported, an REJ frame with its N(R) set to the current value of V(R) or an SREJ frame (if agreed for use). + +### 8.1.8 Waiting acknowledgement + +The data link connection entity shall maintain an internal retransmission count variable. + +If timer T401 expires, the data link connection entity shall: + +- if it is not yet in the timer-recovery condition, enter the timer-recovery condition and reset the retransmission count variable; or +- if it is already in the timer-recovery condition, add one to its retransmission count variable. + +The data link connection entity shall then: + +- a) if the value of the retransmission count variable is less than N400, restart timer T401 and transmit an appropriate supervisory command (see Note 2 in 8.1.6) with the P bit set to 1; or +- b) if the value of the retransmission count variable is equal to N400, initiate a termination procedure as defined in 8.4.6. + +The time-recovery condition is cleared when the data link connection entity receives a valid RR, RNR or REJ supervisory response frame with the F bit set to 1. If the received RR, RNR or REJ supervisory frame N(R) is within the range from its current V(A) to its current V(S), inclusive, it shall set its V(S) to the value of the received N(R). If the received SREJ supervisory frame N(R) is within the range from the current V(A) to V(S), inclusive, it shall follow the procedures outlined in 8.1.5.2.1 or 8.1.5.2.2 depending on the setting of the F bit. Timer T401 shall be stopped if the received supervisory frame response is an RR or REJ response, and then the data link connection entity shall resume with I frame transmission or retransmission, as appropriate. Timer T401 shall be stopped and restarted if the received supervisory response is an RNR response, to proceed with the inquiry process according to 8.1.6. + +### 8.1.9 N(S) sequence error + +An N(S) sequence error exception condition occurs in the receiver when a valid I frame is received containing an N(S) value that is not equal to the V(R) at the receiver. Methods for recovering from N(S) sequence error exception conditions are: + +- a) use of REJ frames (mandatory); +- b) use of SREJ frames – single frame (s-SREJ) recovery (optional and requires negotiation; see clause 10); +- c) use of SREJ frames – multiple frame (m-SREJ) recovery (optional and requires negotiation; see clause 10). + +The action of the receiver depends on whether or not the optional selective-retransmission (either single or multi) procedure has been agreed for use on the data link connection. If it has, the information field of I frames whose N(S) is not equal to the V(R) at the receiver shall be held for subsequent delivery to the SU until the expected I frame [i.e. the I frame with its $N(S) = V(R)$ ] is received. If the selective-retransmission procedure has not been agreed for use, the information field of all I frames whose N(S) does not equal the V(R) shall be discarded. + +In either case, the receiver shall not acknowledge [nor increment its V(R)] the I frame causing the sequence error, nor any I frames which may follow, until an I frame with the correct N(S) is received. + +A data link connection entity that receives one or more I frames having sequence errors but which are otherwise error-free, or subsequent supervisory frames, shall use the N(R) and P/F bit setting contained in the control field to perform connection-control functions; for example, to receive acknowledgement of previously-transmitted I frames and to cause the data link connection entity to respond if the P bit is set to 1. Therefore, the retransmitted I frame may contain an N(R) value and P bit that are updated from, and therefore different from, the ones contained in the originally transmitted I frame. + +Either the REJ frame or the SREJ frame (either for the s-SREJ procedure or the m-SREJ procedure) is used by a receiving data link connection entity to initiate an exception condition recovery (retransmission) following the detection of an N(S) sequence error. + +For a given direction of information transfer: + +- only one REJ exception condition shall be established at a time; +- when using the s-SREJ procedure, any number of SREJ exception conditions may be established at a time; +- when using the m-SREJ procedure, any number of SREJ exception conditions with $F = 0$ may be established at a time; only one SREJ condition with $F = 1$ , in response to a poll, may be established. + +A data link connection entity receiving an REJ command or response frame shall initiate sequential transmission (retransmission) of I frames starting with the I frame indicated by the N(R) contained in the REJ frame. + +A data link connection entity receiving an SREJ command or response frame shall initiate retransmission of the I frame indicated by the N(R) and, if present, the information field contained in the SREJ frame. + +An REJ or SREJ exception condition is cleared when the requested I frame(s) is received or when an SABME or DISC command is received. + +Neither REJ or SREJ frames may be retransmitted [in case of loss of either, the expiration of timer T401 in the remote data link connection entity will eventually cause resending of the requested I frame(s)]. However, if examination of received I frames indicates that retransmission of the requested frame has occurred without having satisfied the reject condition, a new REJ or SREJ condition may optionally be established and the REJ or SREJ frame repeated. + +### **8.1.10 N(R) sequence error** + +An N(R) sequence error exception condition occurs in the transmitter when a valid supervisory frame or I frame is received that contains an invalid N(R) value. + +A valid N(R) is one that is in the range $V(A) \leq N(R) \leq V(S)$ . + +The information field contained in an I frame that is correct in sequence and format may be delivered to the SU by means of the L-DATA indication primitive. + +The data link connection entity shall initiate termination according to 8.4.6.2. + +### **8.1.11 Timer-recovery condition** + +If a data link connection entity, due to a transmission error, does not receive a single I frame or the last I frame(s) in a sequence of I frames, it will not detect an out-of-sequence exception condition and, therefore, will not transmit an REJ or SREJ frame. + +The data link connection entity that transmitted the unacknowledged I frame(s) shall, on the expiry of timer T401, take appropriate recovery action as defined in 8.1.8 to determine at which I frame retransmission must begin. + +## **8.2 Unacknowledged non-error recovery mode** + +On receipt of an L-UNITDATA request primitive, the MF shall transmit a UI command frame with its P bit set to 0 and with its information field containing the data. + +On receipt of a UI command frame with its P bit set to 0, the MF shall signal an L-UNITDATA indication primitive to the SU with the data contained in the information field. + +## **8.3 Transfer of user-control information** + +Transfer of user-control information occurs through the SU's invocation of the appropriate MF primitives (e.g. L-UNITDATA or L-DATA). + +See Annex B for procedures and encoding of user-control messages to signal breaks. + +## **8.4 Additional information-transfer procedures** + +### **8.4.1 Invalid frame condition** + +Any frame received that is invalid shall be discarded (but see 5.3). + +As an optional procedure in response to an invalid frame in ERM, a DLC entity may transmit an REJ frame. Otherwise, the frame is ignored and no action is taken. + +### 8.4.2 Frame-rejection condition + +A frame-rejection condition results from one of the conditions described in 6.4.1 (first paragraph) or 6.4.12, items b), c) and d). + +Upon occurrence of a frame-rejection condition while a DLC is established, the data link connection entity shall initiate termination (see 8.4.6.2). At other times, the frame causing the condition shall be discarded. + +NOTE – For satisfactory operation, it is essential that a receiver is able to discriminate between invalid frames, as defined in 5.3, and I frames with an information field that exceeds the maximum established length [see item d) in 6.4.12]. An unbounded frame may be assumed and, thus, discarded if two times the longest-permissible frame plus two octets are received without a flag detection. + +### 8.4.3 Receipt of an FRMR response frame + +Upon receipt of an FRMR response frame in the connected state, the data link connection entity shall initiate termination (see 8.4.6, 8.4.6.2). + +### 8.4.4 Unsolicited response frames + +The action to be taken on the receipt of an unsolicited response frame is defined in Table 5. + +TABLE 5/V.76 + +**Actions taken on receipt of unsolicited response frames** + +| Unsolicited response frame | Disconnected state | Awaiting connection establishment | Awaiting connection release | Connected state | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------|---------------------------------|-----------------------------| +| | | | | Not in timer-recovery condition | In timer-recovery condition | +| UA response
F = 1 | Ignore* | (Solicited) | (Solicited) | Ignore* | Ignore* | +| UA response
F = 0 | Ignore* | Ignore* | Ignore* | Ignore* | Ignore* | +| DM response
F = 1 | Ignore | (Solicited) | (Solicited) | Ignore* | (Solicited) | +| DM response
F = 0 | Establish connection | Ignore | Ignore | Terminate connection | Terminate connection | +| RR, RNR and REJ response: F = 1 | Ignore | Ignore | Ignore | Ignore* | (Solicited) | +| RR, RNR and REJ response: F = 0 | Ignore | Ignore | Ignore | (Solicited) | (Solicited) | +| SREJ response
F = 1 | Ignore | Ignore | Ignore | Terminate connection | Terminate connection | +| SREJ response
F = 0 | Ignore | Ignore | Ignore | (Solicited) | (Solicited) | +| NOTES | | | | | | +| 1 For ignore-cases marked with an asterisk (*), the data link connection entity shall inform the SU of a protocol violation. | | | | | | +| 2 Cases marked as (solicited) represent proper protocol operation. | | | | | | + +### **8.4.5 Monitoring function** + +#### **8.4.5.1 General** + +This function, if implemented, may be operated over one or many DLCIs. + +The procedural elements defined in the earlier parts of clause 8 allow for the supervision of the data link connection. This describes procedures that may be used to provide this monitoring function. The use of this function is optional. + +#### **8.4.5.2 Supervision during the connected state** + +The connection verification is a service provided by the data link connection entity to its SU. This implies that the SU is informed in case of a failure only. Furthermore, the procedure may be incorporated in the “normal” exchange of information and may become more efficient than a procedure based on the involvement of the SU. + +The procedure is based on supervisory command frames (RR command, RNR command) and timer T403, and operates during the connected state as follows. + +If there are no frames being exchanged on the data link connection (neither new nor outstanding I frames, nor supervisory frames with a P bit set to 1), there is no means to detect a faulty DLC condition. Timer T403 represents the maximum time allowed without frames being exchanged. + +If timer T403 expires, a supervisory command with a P bit set to 1 is transmitted. Such a procedure is protected against transmission errors by making use of timer T401 and the N400 retransmission count. + +#### **8.4.5.3 Connection verification procedures** + +##### **8.4.5.3.1 Start timer T403** + +The timer T403 is started: + +- when the connected state is entered; and +- in the connected state whenever timer T401 is stopped. + +Upon receiving an I or supervisory frame, timer T403 will be restarted if timer T401 is not to be started. + +##### **8.4.5.3.2 Stop timer T403** + +The timer T403 is stopped: + +- when, in the connected state, the timer T401 is started; and +- upon leaving the connected state. + +##### **8.4.5.3.3 Expiry of timer T403** + +If timer T403 expires, the data link connection entity will act as follows (it should be noted that timer T401 is neither running nor expired): + +- a) set the retransmission count variable to 0; +- b) enter the timer-recovery condition (see 8.1.11); +- c) transmit a supervisory command with the P bit set to 1 as follows: + - if there is not an own-receiver busy condition, transmit an RR command; or + - if there is an own-receiver busy condition, transmit an RNR command; +- d) start timer T401; and +- e) inform the SU after N400 retransmissions. + +### **8.4.6 Termination of the data link connection** + +#### **8.4.6.1 Criteria for termination** + +The criteria for termination of a data link connection are defined in this subclause by the following conditions: + +- the occurrence of N400 retransmission failures while in the timer recovery condition (see 8.1.8); +- the occurrence of a frame-rejection condition as identified in 8.4.2; +- the receipt, while in the connected state, of an FRMR response frame (see 8.4.3); +- the receipt, while in the connected state, of an unsolicited DM response with the F bit set to 0 (see 8.4.4); +- the receipt, while in the timer recovery condition, of a DM response with the F bit set to 1. + +NOTE – It is for further study whether receipt, while in the connected state, of an SABME frame should be included in the above list of termination conditions (recognizing the need to accommodate the possibility that the SABME frame may have been retransmitted due to a lost UA response). + +#### **8.4.6.2 Procedures** + +In all termination situations, an L-RELEASE indication primitive shall be passed to the SU, and the disconnected state shall be entered. + +# **9 System parameters of the multiplex function** + +This clause specifies the parameters needed for proper operation of the MF. The values to be used for these parameters are made known to the DLC entity through local means. See Annex C. + +All parameters, except window size, apply to both ERM and UNERM. + +## **9.1 Acknowledgement timer (T401)** + +The acknowledgement timer governs the amount of time that a data link connection entity will wait for an acknowledgement before resorting to other action (e.g. transmitting a frame). The two data link connection entities associated with a connection may operate with a different value of T401. + +NOTE – This timer should be regarded as a logical parameter. That is, there can be one acknowledgement timer associated with each MF function (e.g. transmitting an I frame, sending a frame with its P bit set to 1) that requires an acknowledgement to be received before expiration of this timer. This does not necessarily imply separate timer circuits. + +## **9.2 Maximum number of retransmissions (N400)** + +N400 governs the maximum number of times that a data link connection entity will re-attempt a procedure requiring a response. The two data link connection entities associated with a connection may operate with a different value of N400. + +## **9.3 Maximum number of octets in an information field (N401)** + +N401 governs the maximum number of octets that can be carried in the information field of an I frame, an SREJ frame (m-SREJ procedure only), an XID frame, a UI frame, a UIH frame (see Appendix II), an SABME frame, a UA frame, a DISC frame, a DM frame, or a TEST frame transmitted by a data link connection entity. A default value for a DLC may be expressed as a specific value (e.g. 128) or implied by certain characteristics pertaining to the operation of the DLC (e.g. the maximum size block associated with the coder selected for an audio channel). There may also be frame-specific maxima for a DLC that may apply for certain procedures (e.g. a maximum information-field size for UI frames different than the maximum for the SABME frame). This parameter consists of two subparameters – one for each direction of transmission (i.e. a maximum information-field size in the direction from the DLC-opener to the remote station and a maximum from the remote station to the DLC-opener). Identical values need not be used for each direction. + +## 9.4 Window size (*k*) + +*k* governs the maximum number of I frames that a data link connection entity can have outstanding (i.e. unacknowledged). This parameter consists of two subparameters – one for each direction of transmission (i.e. a maximum window size in the direction from the DLC-opener to the remote station and a maximum from the remote station to the DLC-opener). Identical values need not be used for each direction. + +## 9.5 Reply delay timer (T402) – Optional + +T402 is the maximum amount of time the data link connection entity may wait, following receipt of any frame requiring a reply, before it initiates transmission of an appropriate reply in order to ensure that the reply frame is received by the remote data link connection entity prior to expiration of the remote data link connection entity's T401 timer. If this timer expires, then the reply that would have been returned prior to its expiration shall not be sent. + +NOTE – The necessity for an operation of such a timer remains for further study. + +## 9.6 Inactivity timer (T403) – Optional + +T403 represents the maximum amount of time a data link connection entity will allow to elapse without frames being exchanged on the data link connection. The two data link connection entities associated with a connection may operate with a different value of T403. While no default value is specified for T403, it should take on relatively small values so that faults can be detected early. + +## 9.7 DLCI values + +The DLCI value in the address field of a frame transmitted by the error control function serves to identify the connection between two peer data link connection entities. + +## 9.8 Operational mode + +This parameter indicates whether the DLC shall be used to support ERM or UNERM. The station initiating establishment of the DLCI shall select the mode of operation and convey this to the remote station. There is no negotiation of this parameter. + +# 10 Negotiation of optional procedures + +The following procedures are optional for MF operation (see Annex C): + +- a) in place of the REJ-recovery procedure for ERM operation, one of: + - s-SREJ procedure for selective retransmission using an SREJ frame with no information field to provide retransmission of only a single I frame; or + - m-SREJ procedure for selective retransmission using an SREJ frame with an optional information field for span-list encoding to allow retransmission of one or more I frames; +- b) loop-back test, where the SU can determine whether its peer is operational; +- c) in place of 16-bit FCS, selection of one of the alternative 8-bit FCS or 32-bit FCS; +- d) suspend/resume operation (see Annex A) and whether an address field is present; +- e) in place of UI frames, use of the unnumbered information with header check feature, including the number of initial octets after the opening flag that are protected by the FCS (see Appendix II). + +The SU is responsible for determining, with its peer, whether to use an optional procedure. Use of any optional procedure requires agreement/support by both stations. If both stations support an option, then the MF is informed, through a means beyond the scope of this Recommendation, if the procedure is selected for use. + +# Annex A + +## Optional suspend/resume operation + +## A.1 Introduction + +The bit streams that are multiplexed using the procedures of this Recommendation, based on their DLCI values, can be considered as falling into one of two classes: + +- **real-time**, or delay-sensitive traffic; speech/audio falls into this class; or +- **non-real-time**, or delay-insensitive traffic; data falls into this class. + +For real-time (RT) traffic, the quality as perceived by the receiving user is degraded as the end-to-end delay increases. For non-real-time (NRT) traffic, this is generally not the case as long as the overall delay does not exceed some (relatively large) bound. + +Consider a scenario in which a NRT frame is in the process of being transmitted when an RT frame is ready to be sent. With the basic frame format defined in this Recommendation, the RT frame must wait until transmission of the NRT frame is complete or the NRT frame must be aborted. The delay seen by the RT frame can be as long as it takes to transmit a complete maximum-length NRT frame. For an information-field length of 128 octets, this delay is about 70 msec at 14.4 kbit/s. The delay can clearly be reduced by employing a smaller maximum frame length; however, this will increase the multiplexing overhead. + +**Suspend/resume** is an enhancement to the multiplex platform that minimizes the delay seen by RT frames. Basically, suspend/resume permits the transmission of an NRT frame to be interrupted if an RT frame becomes ready to be sent; transmission of the NRT frame is resumed from the point at which it was interrupted once transmission of the RT frame is complete. + +## A.2 Abbreviations + +The following additional abbreviations apply to this annex. + +| | | +|-----|----------------| +| NRT | Non-real-time | +| RF | Resume Flag | +| RT | Real-time | +| S/R | Suspend/Resume | +| SF | Suspend Flag | + +## A.3 Operation of suspend/resume + +This defines the normal operation of a suspend/resume (S/R) entity using the procedures defined in this annex. Interoperability of the S/R option with the basic multiplex platform is discussed below. + +Two classes of traffic, real-time (RT) and non-real-time (NRT), are distinguished as noted above. A given DLC is an RT DLC or NRT DLC, depending on the class of traffic it carries. The traffic-class of an information stream is specified when the DLC is established. RT frames are distinguished from NRT frames by their DLCI values. + +Each DLC has its own value of maximum frame length. The maximum length of all NRT frames is designated as N401NRT while all RT frames have a maximum frame length N401RT. + +In addition to the basic-format flag ("01111110") as defined in 5.1.2, two new delimiters are defined: the **suspend flag** ("011111110"); and the **resume flag** ("0111111110"). When using S/R, the abort sequence (see 5.4) is redefined to be at least *nine* consecutive 1-bits. The possible frame formats are illustrated below. + +| | | | | | | | | +|---------------------------------|----|---|----------------|-----|-----------------|-----|-----| +| NRT (data) frame | F | A | C | C | I (max N401NRT) | FCS | FCS | +| RT (voice) frame
(talkspurt) | SF | A | I (max N401RT) | | | FCS | | +| RT (voice) frame
(silence) | SF | A | I | FCS | RF | | | + +#### NOTES + +- 1 The use of an address field is optional and made known to the S/R entity through means outside the scope of this Recommendation. +- 2 The RT frames are shown using an 8-bit FCS. +- 3 The RT frames do not have an explicit control field; the treatment of RT frames is as if they were UI frames. + +There are three states associated with S/R operation: the **normal** state; the **suspend** state; and the **abort** state. The abort state is employed for handling error conditions, as described below. Operation in the normal and suspend states, and transitions between them, is as follows: + +- a) In normal state, a sending S/R entity transmits frames in the usual way, separated by normal flags; except: + - If an RT frame becomes ready to be sent while transmission of an NRT frame is in progress, the S/R entity stops transmission of the NRT frame, transmits a single suspend flag, and then commences transmission of the RT frame; at this point, the S/R entity has entered suspend state. +- b) For a sending S/R entity in suspend state, when transmission of an RT frame is completed: + - If another RT frame is ready to be sent, the S/R entity transmits a single suspend flag followed by this RT frame, and remains in suspend state. + - If there is no RT frame ready to be sent, then: + - i) If the RT frame whose transmission was just completed was **not** a maximum length RT frame (i.e. its information field was less than N401RT), then the S/R entity transmits a single RF and then resumes transmission of the suspended NRT frame from the point at which it was interrupted. At this point, the S/R entity returns to normal state. + - ii) If the RT frame whose transmission was just completed was a maximum length RT frame, then the S/R entity resumes transmission of the suspended NRT frame from the point at which it was interrupted. At this point, the S/R entity returns to normal state. Note that the next octet of the NRT frame is transmitted immediately following the FCS field of the RT frame, with no intervening RF. +- c) In normal state, a receiving S/R entity receives frames in the usual way, separated by normal flags; except: + - If an SF is received in the midst of an NRT frame, receipt of the NRT frame is suspended, the frame that follows the SF is treated as an RT frame, and the S/R entity enters suspend state. +- d) A receiving S/R entity in suspend state will count octets following the address field, if agreed to be used, of the frame being received. + - If an SF is received with the octet count less than or equal to N401RT plus the length of the FCS field, then receipt of the RT frame completes normally, the next frame is treated as an RT frame, and the S/R entity remains in suspend state. + +- If an RF is received with the octet count less than or equal to N401RT plus the length of the FCS field, then receipt of the RT frame completes normally, receipt of the suspended NRT frame continues with the octet immediately following the flag, and the S/R entity returns to normal state. +- If the octet count is equal to N401RT plus the length of the FCS field and the bit pattern that follows immediately is neither an SF nor an RF, then receipt of the RT frame is completed as a maximum-length RT frame, receipt of the suspended NRT frame continues with the octet immediately following the FCS field of the completed RT frame, and the S/R entity returns to normal state. + +Error conditions are discussed below. A simple example is depicted. + +![Diagram illustrating two simple suspend/resume examples (a and b) showing frame sequences and state transitions.](95e259e8cb3519025066052af263f8c0_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates two scenarios, (a) and (b), for suspend/resume operations. Each scenario shows a sequence of frames in a transmission buffer, with flags (NF, SF, RF) and data/voice fields (D1, D2, V1, V2). + +**Scenario a)** shows a sequence of frames: NF, D1, NF, D2, SF, V1, SF, V2, D2, NF. A horizontal line represents the transmission buffer. Below the buffer, a horizontal double-headed arrow labeled "suspend" spans from the start of frame V1 to the end of frame V2. An arrow points from the text "voice frame V1 ready to be sent" to the start of frame V1. + +**Scenario b)** shows a sequence of frames: NF, D1, NF, D2, SF, V1, SF, V2, RF, D2, NF. A horizontal line represents the transmission buffer. Below the buffer, a horizontal double-headed arrow labeled "suspend" spans from the start of frame V1 to the end of frame V2. An arrow points from the text "voice frame V1 ready to be sent" to the start of frame V1. The identifier "T1402820-96/d03" is located at the bottom right of the diagram. + +Diagram illustrating two simple suspend/resume examples (a and b) showing frame sequences and state transitions. + +**Two simple suspend/resume examples:** Data frames D1 and D2 are NRT frames. Voice frames V1 and V2 are RT frames. “NF” is a normal flag, “SF” is a suspend flag, and “RF” is a resume flag. In a), frame V2 is a maximum-length RT frame. In b), frame V2 is not a maximum-length RT frame. In both cases, frame V2 is ready to be sent before transmission of frame V1 is complete. + +The following properties of suspend/resume will be noted: + +- An RT frame that would suspend transmission of an NRT frame does not carry an HDLC control field1). +- Only RT frames are sent and received in suspend state. +- Only normal flags are sent and received within normal state. +- Only suspend flags are sent and received within suspend state. +- RT frames are never suspended. +- An NRT frame may be suspended and resumed several times. + +## A.4 Error conditions with suspend/resume + +For S/R entities, the definition and handling of invalid frames and S/R violations are as defined in this subclause. + +Note that the receipt of an abort sequence is considered to be an error condition and as such is also discussed in this subclause. + +1) A frame other than an RT “UI” frame (e.g. a DISC for releasing an RT DLC) is not considered an RT frame and would not suspend the transmission of an NRT frame. + +### **A.4.1 Invalid frames** + +An NRT frame is invalid if it meets the conditions for invalid frames specified in 5.3, with the clarification that the flags that bound the frame are the normal flags that mark the beginning and the end of the frame. In addition, any NRT frame for which some S/R error condition (e.g. invalid RT frame, S/R violation, abort state) occurs between its opening and closing flags is considered to be an invalid frame. + +An RT frame is invalid if it meets one of the following conditions: + +- a) it has zero octets between the address field, if agreed to be used, and the FCS field; +- b) it has more than N401RT octets between the address field, if agreed to be used, and the FCS field; +- c) it does not consist of an integral number of octets following zero-bit extraction; +- d) it contains a frame check sequence error; +- e) it contains an address field, if agreed to be used, that is not identified with an RT DLCI. + +### **A.4.2 Suspend/resume violations** + +The following S/R protocol violations are identified: + +- a) an SF is followed immediately by a normal, suspend or resume flag; +- b) an RF is followed immediately by a normal, suspend or resume flag; +- c) a normal flag is received in suspend state; +- d) an RF is received in normal state; +- e) a normal flag is followed immediately by a suspend or resume flag. + +### **A.4.3 Abort state** + +The abort state is used primarily when, as a result of an error condition, the proper state for an S/R entity cannot be determined. + +For a receiving S/R entity in abort state: + +- a) If a normal flag is received, the S/R entity is placed in normal state. +- b) If an SF is received, the S/R entity is placed in suspend state, and the frame that follows is taken to be an RT frame. Note that any NRT frame that would then be “resumed” will be considered an invalid frame. +- c) If an RF is received, the S/R entity remains in abort state, and the NRT frame being “resumed” is considered an invalid frame. + +### **A.4.4 Handling of error conditions** + +Error conditions are handled by an S/R entity as follows: + +- a) If an abort sequence is received, the frame being received is discarded, and the S/R entity is placed in abort state. +- b) If an invalid NRT frame is received, the frame is discarded. If the frame was terminated by a normal flag, the S/R entity remains in normal state; otherwise, the S/R entity is placed in abort state. +- c) If an invalid RT frame is received, the frame is discarded. If the frame was terminated by a normal flag, the S/R entity remains in normal state; otherwise, the S/R entity is placed in abort state. +- d) If a normal flag is received in suspend state, the frame being received is discarded, and the S/R entity is placed in abort state. +- e) If an RF is received in normal state, the frame being received is discarded, and the S/R entity is placed in abort state. +- f) If a suspend or resume flag is followed immediately by a normal, suspend or resume flag, the frame received prior to the flag is discarded, and the S/R entity is placed in abort state. + +Note that there are several error conditions that will result in an NRT frame being declared invalid at some point during its reception, e.g. while it is suspended. + +## **A.5 Interoperability of suspend/resume with basic frame format** + +A key property of the S/R protocol is that a station with S/R capability interoperates directly with a station without S/R capabilities. + +If S/R operation has not been selected, a station capable of supporting S/R will clearly never send suspend or resume flags, and will treat such flags if received as abort sequences. In other words, a station with S/R capability behaves exactly like a station without this capability while S/R is not enabled. + +## **A.6 Error-recovery performance** + +At issue here is the ability of an S/R entity to recover to the proper state following an error condition. Consider two examples: + +- a) An NRT frame being sent is suspended, a single maximum-length RT frame is sent, and the NRT frame is resumed. The SF is corrupted at the receiver and not detected. The closing flag of the NRT frame is correctly received: + - The receiving S/R entity will see the RT frame as part of the NRT frame, i.e. the NRT frame will be seen as consisting of all the octets between the opening and closing flags of the NRT frame. The invalidity of the received frame will be detected, primarily by FCS check (in this respect, the scenario is almost identical to the case of a corrupted normal flag). The receiving S/R entity is correctly in normal state after receiving the normal flag that closes the NRT frame. +- b) An NRT frame being sent is suspended, a single short RT frame is sent, followed by an RF and the remainder of the NRT frame. The RF is corrupted at the receiver and not detected: + - Assume that the octet count for the RT frame being received expires before the closing flag of the NRT frame is detected. The invalidity of the RT frame will be detected, primarily by FCS check. As a result, the suspended NRT frame will also be declared invalid and discarded. The normal closing flag of the NRT frame will cause the receiving S/R entity to correctly return to normal state. + - Assume that the normal closing flag of the NRT frame is received before the RT octet count expires. This is an S/R violation, and the RT frame is declared invalid and discarded. The suspended NRT frame will also be declared invalid and discarded. The receiving entity is placed in abort state, and the next flag received will determine its proper state. + +# **Annex B** + +## **Procedures and encoding for conveying break signals** + +## **B.1 Procedures for transfer of break signals** + +### **B.1.1 General** + +Upon receipt of an L-SIGNAL request primitive from its SU, a DLC entity shall transmit a UI command frame with its P bit set to 0. The information field of the UI command frame shall be encoded to indicate a break (BRK) message and shall contain the break-handling option as indicated by the SU. If the L-SIGNAL request primitive includes a break length, it shall also be encoded in the information field of the UI frame. + +On receipt of a UI command frame indicating a BRK, the DLC entity shall issue an L-SIGNAL indication primitive to its SU, conveying the break-handling option and, if present, the break length. On receipt of an L-SIGNAL response primitive from its SU, a DLC entity shall transmit a UI response frame as soon as possible with its F bit set to the same binary value as the received UI command frame. The information field of the UI response frame shall be encoded to indicate a break acknowledgement (BRKACK) message. + +On receipt of a UI response frame with a BRKACK message in reply to a UI command frame conveying a BRK message, a DLC entity shall issue an L-SIGNAL confirm primitive to its SU. + +NOTE – The exchange of UI frames, in and of itself, does not provide a confirmed service. The confirmed nature of the L-SIGNAL service provided to the SU, as described here, comes about through the association and interpretation of the contents of the information fields of the UI frames exchanged and not the association of a UI response frame with a previously-transmitted UI command frame. + +### **B.1.2 State variables and parameters** + +#### **B.1.2.1 Send and receive sequence numbers** + +To distinguish between unique and duplicate UI frames carrying break information, a DLC entity shall perform a sequencing operation, modulo 2, on the information field of the UI frame. Bit 8 of the first octet of the information field shall be used for this purpose. As such, bit 8 serves as a break send sequence number, N(SB), in BRK message while it serves as a break receive sequence number, N(RB), in BRKACK messages. + +#### **B.1.2.2 Send state variable V(SB)** + +The DLC entity shall maintain the break send state variable V(SB). V(SB) denotes the value of N(SB) in the next BRK message sent as a result of receiving an L-SIGNAL request primitive from the SU. V(SB) is complemented each time a transmitted BRK message is correctly acknowledged by a BRKACK message. Initially when a DLC is established, V(SB) is set to zero. + +#### **B.1.2.3 Receive state variable V(RB)** + +The DLC entity shall maintain the break receive state variable V(RB). V(RB) denotes the expected value of N(SB) in the next BRK message to be received. If N(SB) in the next received BRK message is equal to V(RB), then V(RB) shall be complemented prior to sending the BRKACK message. Initially when a DLC is established, V(RB) is set to zero. + +### **B.1.3 Break procedures** + +#### **B.1.3.1 Transmitting a BRK message** + +On receipt of an L-SIGNAL request primitive, the DLC entity shall transmit a BRK message in a UI command frame with its P bit set to 0. The DLC entity shall set N(SB) to the current value of V(SB), start the acknowledgement timer T401 (see 9.1) and set the retransmission counter N400 (see 9.2) to zero. + +#### **B.1.3.2 Receiving a BRK message** + +When receiving a BRK message in a UI command frame, the DLC entity shall check whether N(SB) is equal to the current value of V(RB). If it is, the DLC entity shall issue an L-SIGNAL indication primitive to the SU, passing it the break-handling option and, if present, the length of break information. The DLC entity shall also complement the value of V(RB). + +Upon receipt of an L-SIGNAL response primitive, the DLC entity shall transmit a BRKACK message in a UI response frame with N(RB) equal to the value of V(RB). The F bit of the UI response frame shall be set to the same binary value as the received UI command frame. + +If N(SB) in the received BRK message is not equal to V(RB), then the DLC entity shall discard the BRK message and retransmit the previous BRKACK message with N(RB) equal to the current value of V(RB). No L-SIGNAL indication primitive shall be issued to the SU. + +#### **B.1.3.3 Receiving a BRKACK message** + +When receiving a BRKACK message in a UI response frame, the DLC entity shall check whether N(RB) is equal to V(SB) + 1. If it is, the DLC entity shall complement V(SB), stop the acknowledgement timer T401, and issue an L-SIGNAL confirm primitive to the SU. If N(RB) is not equal to V(SB) + 1, the DLC entity shall ignore the BRKACK message. + +#### **B.1.3.4 Expiration of the acknowledgement timer** + +If T401 expires before a BRKACK message is received to acknowledge the last BRK message transmitted, the DLC entity shall retransmit the BRK message with N(SB) equal to the current value of V(SB). No more than N400 retransmissions shall occur. Failure to receive a BRKACK after N400 retransmissions shall be reported to the SU. + +## **B.2 Encoding of break information** + +The encoding of BRK and BRKACK messages is shown in Figure B.1. + +| Bits | | | | | | | | Octet | Present In | +|-------------------------------------------------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|-------|-------------| +| 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | | +| Break Message Type
(see B.2.1 and Table B.1) | | | | | | | | 1 | BRK, BRKACK | +| Break Handling
(see B.2.2 and Table B.2) | | | | | | | | 2 | BRK | +| Break Length
(see B.2.3) | | | | | | | | 3 | BRK | + +FIGURE B.1/V.76 + +**Format of BRK and BRKACK messages** + +### **B.2.1 Message type** + +The encoding of octet 1, the message type, is given in Table B.1. + +TABLE B.1/V.76 + +**Coding of message types** + +| Message type | Bits | | | | | | | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------|------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | +| BRK | X | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| BRKACK | X | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +| NOTES | | | | | | | | | +| 1 Encodings not shown above are reserved. | | | | | | | | | +| 2 X is used as the break sequence number as discussed in B.1.2. | | | | | | | | | + +### B.2.2 Break handling option + +The encoding of octet 2, the break handling option, is given in Table B.2. + +TABLE B.2/V.76 +Coding of break handling option + +| Bit | Meaning | +|-----|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 8 | Data discard (D) bit:
0: no discarding of data
1: discarding of data not yet delivered | +| 7 | Data sequencing (S) bit:
0: break delivered in sequence with respect to data
1: break precedes data received but not delivered | +| 6-1 | Reserved | + +### B.2.3 Break length + +The break length, which is optional, is binary-coded in octet 3 in units of 10 ms. Bit 1 is the low-order bit. The value of “1111111” shall be used to indicate a break longer than 2.54 seconds. Absence of a break length field or a value of zero shall be interpreted as a break of default length. + +# Annex C + +## Parameter values and optional procedures for operation with Recommendation V.70 + +The following table shows the parameter values and optional procedures for use with Recommendation V.70. All “default/mandatory” values shall be supported. + +| Feature | Default/
mandatory
value | Reference | Selectable
operation
(Note 1) | Reference | Additional information
(Note 2) | +|--------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------| +| Multiplex Platform:
1) Flag;
Abort | “0111 1110”;
≥ 7 ones | 5.1.2
5.4 | Suspend/resume
flags and abort | Annex A | One value applicable to all
DLCs | +| 2) Max address-field size | 1 octet | 6.1 | 2 octets | 6.1 | | +| 3) FCS length | 2 octets | 5.1.6.2 | 1 or 4 octets | 10; 5.1.6.1
or 5.1.6.3 | | +| DLC Parameters:
4) Operational Mode | none | | ERM or UNERM | 8.1 or 8.2 | Select one mode per DLC;
both modes shall be supported | +| 5) Recovery for ERM | REJ | 6.4.7 | SREJ: s-SREJ
or
SREJ: m-SREJ | 10; 6.4.8.1
or
6.4.8.2 | | +| 6) Control messages for
ERM | UI frames | 6.4.5 | UIH frames | 10;
Appendix II | UIH frames with first 4 octets
protected by FCS | +| 7) Transport for UNERM | UI frames | 6.4.5 | UIH frames | 10;
Appendix II | UIH frames with first 4 octets
protected by FCS | +| 8) Acknowledgment timer
(T401) | system-
defined value | 9.1 | none | | Rec. V.75 not used | +| 9) Max number of
retransmissions (N400) | system-
defined value
(≥ 1) | 9.2 | none | | Rec. V.75 not used | +| 10) Max information field
size (N401) | (Note 3) | 9.3 | 1-4095 | 9.3 | (Note 4) | +| 11) Max window size (k) | 15 | 9.4 | 1-127 | 9.4 | (Note 4);
applies to ERM only | +| 12) Reply delay timer
(T402) | system-
defined value | 9.5 | none | | For further study;
Rec. V.75 not used | +| 13) Inactivity timer (T403) | system-
defined value | 9.6 | none | | Rec. V.75 not used | +| 14) DLCI range | 0-63 for
1-octet
address fields | 6.1.1 | 0-8191 for 2-octet
address fields | 6.1.1 | (Note 5) | + +| Feature | Default/
mandatory
value | Reference | Selectable
operation
(Note 1) | Reference | Additional information
(Note 2) | +|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------------------------|------------|------------------------------------| +| 15) DLCI value | low⇒high for
initiator;
high⇒low for
responder | 6.1.1 | none | | (Note 5) | +| 16) Loop-back test | not used | – | add TEST frame | 10; 6.4.14 | | +| 17) Channel type | non-real-time | Annex A | real-time | Annex A | | +| 18) Address-field present
for real-time DLCs | one DLC:
absent | | one DLC: may
be present;
> one DLC: present | Annex A | (Note 6) | + +### NOTES + +- 1 In case of a default method of operation, the selectable method shows an alternative that may be chosen in place of the default. In case of no default method, one of the selectable methods shall be chosen. +- 2 Unless otherwise noted, Recommendation V.75 is used by the DLC-opener to indicate operating characteristics for each feature of the DLC. These characteristics are chosen from among the default/mandatory value or the selectable values. It is noted that, other than for feature No. 4, operational mode, selectable values need not be supported by the remote station. +- 3 The maximum value specified for this feature is the size of the largest frame to be transmitted on the DLC. The default maximum information field size is either 128 octets or as implied by other operational characteristics of the DLC. It should be noted that certain DLC procedures may imply a frame-specific maximum value less than the DLC-maximum. For example, an audio DLC may have an audio-speech block size implied by the audio coder for UI/UIH frames (e.g. 10 octets) and a control frame (e.g. SABME, DISC, etc.) maximum of 128. +- 4 Each parameter consists of two subparameters – one for each direction of transmission (i.e. a maximum window-size in the direction from the DLC-opener to the remote station and a maximum from the remote station to the DLC-opener; similarly for maximum information field size). Identical values need not be used for each direction. +- 5 The DLCI range depends on the maximum address-field size (see feature No. 2). When the 2-octet address-field size is available for use, a 1-octet address-field size may also be used. The selection of an address-field size is made by the DLC-opener. DLCI values of 0-63 may be encoded in either 1- or 2-octet address fields. +- 6 Left for further study is whether one real-time DLC can operate without an address field when multiple real-time DLCs are open. + +# Appendix I + +## Data retransmission + +### I.1 Introduction + +This Recommendation provides two capabilities for retransmission of information in ERM (there is no retransmission in UNERM): REJ and SREJ. Just as in the original forwarding of information, there are additional considerations applying to retransmission given the support for different types of information transfer. This appendix provides some further considerations for retransmission. It should be noted that these considerations depend on the method of recovery (REJ or SREJ) but no attempt is made here to limit selection to one or a specific set of choices. + +#### I.1.1 Use of SREJ + +When multiplexing the information from several DLCIs, such as an audio and a data stream, the multiplexing protocol is required to treat these two information types differently. Data must be delivered error-free, but does not carry the same real-time urgency that voice does. On the other hand, voice frames must be delivered on a periodic basis, but these frames can be dropped occasionally without material impact on intelligibility. Thus, there is generally no requirement to retransmit dropped audio frames. + +The data throughput in ERM may be improved when SREJ error recovery is used, as opposed to REJ, particularly when significant delay is involved. Efficiency is further improved when an audio encoder is allowed to represent silent intervals in speech with special short frames. However, a problem arises when these two features are implemented together. + +Consider the following assumptions: + +- 30 ms audio frame rate, single audio packet per frame; +- 24 000 bit/s data link; +- 8000 bit/s audio encoder output; +- short audio frames are sent to indicate silence. + +A normal 30 ms interval consisting of one Normal Audio Frame (NAF) and one Normal Data Frame (NDF) is depicted below. + +![Diagram of a normal 30 ms interval consisting of one Normal Audio Frame (NAF) and one Normal Data Frame (NDF).](4346261cc730a1eb683f35e4ce9deacf_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a horizontal bar divided into two sections. The left section is labeled 'NAF' and has a duration of '12 ms' indicated by a double-headed arrow below it. The right section is labeled 'NDF' and has a duration of '18 ms' indicated by a double-headed arrow below it. The total duration of the bar is 30 ms. Below the diagram is the reference code 'T1402970-96/d04'. + +Diagram of a normal 30 ms interval consisting of one Normal Audio Frame (NAF) and one Normal Data Frame (NDF). + +The audio coder could be producing short blocks during intervals of silence. These frames would consist of a Short Audio Frame (SAF) and a Long Data Frame (LDF): + +![Diagram of a frame consisting of a Short Audio Frame (SAF) and a Long Data Frame (LDF).](772cc583a60eeb058cc19de48269ad22_img.jpg) + +The diagram shows a horizontal bar divided into two sections. The left section is labeled 'SAF' and has a duration of '4 ms' indicated by a double-headed arrow below it. The right section is labeled 'LDF' and has a duration of '26 ms' indicated by a double-headed arrow below it. The total duration of the bar is 30 ms. Below the diagram is the reference code 'T1402980-96/d05'. + +Diagram of a frame consisting of a Short Audio Frame (SAF) and a Long Data Frame (LDF). + +There are two areas of concern: + +- 1) If SREJ is used for retransmitting an LDF and the next opportunity for resending it is of NAF/NDF type, the LDF will not “fit” without affecting the timing of the subsequent frame. +- 2) If an NDF is rejected and the next available frame is of SAF/LDF type, some bandwidth will be wasted. + +There are numerous solutions. An implementation may select one or more of the solutions below: + +- 1) Use the optional suspend/resume feature (see Annex A). In this case, any LDF is “broken apart” across voice frames as needed. Therefore, there is no issue concerning “fitting” data frames between voice frames – either during initial transmission or any retransmission. +- 2) Send the LDF during the next available time-slot and delay the subsequent audio frame. The transmitter can set a limit on maximum permissible audio delay and drop the audio frame if the limit is exceeded. The audio codec is already required to survive dropped frames, if it is used on a modem link, and the addition of an occasional intentionally dropped frame would probably not have much effect. The receiver would probably also be set up with a delay limit and would automatically notify the audio decoder of the lost frame condition if the delay threshold was exceeded. + +- 3) The next available frame for retransmission can be forced to the SAF/LDF format and the current audio data can be ignored. A fairly high percentage of the audio frames are SAF anyway (estimates run as high as 60%). An occasional SAF should have little effect on a well-designed audio codec. +- 4) The next frame can contain a special Dropped Audio Frame (DAF), which would serve to preserve audio timing, and tell the audio decoder to use a special error concealment technique. The audio decoder would generate an interpolated output rather than silence. +- 5) Instead of SAF/LDF, introduce a new Short Data Frame (SDF) for a sequence of SAF/SDF/NDF. +- 6) Hold the LDF for the duration of the window waiting for an appropriate frame. Before the window is closed, invoke 2) above. +- 7) The receiver can double buffer the audio frames, creating one entire frame (30 ms) of jitter tolerance. This extra delay in the audio path is not noticeable in many applications. Jitter tolerance can be further increased by building double audio frames at a 60 ms rate. This also reduces protocol overhead. +- 8) A “maximum variable audio delay” parameter can be exchanged for the audio DLCI. The receiver knows how much delay buildout is allowed. This parameter can be modified as a function of application and data rate. + +### **I.1.2 Use of REJ** + +Recovery of lost information using the SREJ procedure may necessitate additional mechanisms to utilize bandwidth efficiently, as discussed above. Moreover, it also requires the receiver to buffer received frames until missing frames are recovered. Use of the REJ procedures, on the other hand, relieves the receiver of this burden but may introduce unnecessary retransmission requirements leading to inefficient use of bandwidth. This subclause examines the issue of bandwidth utilization for the two recovery schemes. It also shows how REJ recovery can be used for the silent-interval issue discussed above. + +##### **I.1.2.1 First-order comparison** + +Consider the simple case where station A is sending frames on a particular DLCI to station B and a single frame error occurs. Let the sent frames be numbered 1, 2 and 3. + +If frame 1 is lost, station B will notice that frame 2 is out of sequence. When using REJ recovery, station B will discard frame 2. If station B is not already sending a frame, it can immediately send an REJ frame to ask station A to retransmit frames starting at frame 1. If station B is currently transmitting a frame, it will send the REJ after it completes sending its current frame (or it can abort the frame currently being transmitted). The REJ frame will usually reach station A while it is sending frame 3; however, this may be further delayed depending on actual operating conditions (e.g. round trip delay). + +When using REJ recovery, station B must discard all received frames until it receives frame 1 correctly. Then station B can begin keeping good frames. If station B is able to send an REJ as soon as one is needed, then the total number of frames that station B will discard is 2 (frames 1 and 2) plus the number of frames that are sent during one round trip delay time. If station B must wait to send the REJ, then the number of discarded frames will increase by an average of 1/2 frame (assuming both stations are sending the same size frames). Note that frame 1 must be retransmitted in any case but that frame 2 and any subsequent frames would not be retransmitted when using SREJ. + +At station A, frame 3 can be aborted when the REJ frame is received since it will need to be retransmitted again (station B will discard it until frames 1 and 2 are received correctly). With SREJ, frame 3 would not be truncated in order to resend frame 1. + +Suppose the frame error probability is low (the analysis requires more possibilities at high frame error probabilities). Then the average efficiency of REJ and SREJ is: + +$$\text{REJ efficiency} = 1/(1 + p(2 + T \cdot R/F))$$ + +where p is the frame error probability, T is the line data rate, R is the round trip delay, and F is the frame size. + +$$\text{SREJ efficiency} = 1/(1 + p)$$ + +If $T \cdot R/F$ is no larger than 1, then REJ efficiency is bounded from below by $1/(1 + 3p)$ . + +The efficiency calculations can be approximated for small values of p by: + +$$\text{REJ efficiency} \approx 1 - 3p \quad \text{for } (T \cdot R)/F \leq 1$$ + +and + +$$\text{SREJ efficiency} \approx 1 - p$$ + +The following graph shows the efficiency of the recovery schemes. + +![A line graph showing Efficiency (E) on the Y-axis (ranging from 0 to 1) versus Frame Loss Probability (p) on the X-axis (ranging from 0 to 1). Three lines are plotted: SREJ (diamonds), actual REJ (squares), and approx REJ (triangles). SREJ starts at (0, 1) and ends at (1, 0). actual REJ starts at (0, 1) and ends at (1, 0). approx REJ starts at (0, 1) and ends at (1, 0). The legend indicates: SREJ (diamond), actual REJ (square), approx REJ (triangle).](0cdc43cdec782e87ba8ed2ea3e66749c_img.jpg) + +| Frame Loss Probability (p) | SREJ Efficiency (E) | actual REJ Efficiency (E) | approx REJ Efficiency (E) | +|----------------------------|---------------------|---------------------------|---------------------------| +| 0.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | +| 0.1 | 0.91 | 0.76 | 0.71 | +| 0.2 | 0.82 | 0.56 | 0.41 | +| 0.3 | 0.73 | 0.41 | 0.11 | +| 0.4 | 0.64 | 0.29 | 0.00 | +| 0.5 | 0.55 | 0.21 | 0.00 | +| 0.6 | 0.46 | 0.15 | 0.00 | +| 0.7 | 0.37 | 0.09 | 0.00 | +| 0.8 | 0.28 | 0.05 | 0.00 | +| 0.9 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.00 | +| 1.0 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.00 | + +A line graph showing Efficiency (E) on the Y-axis (ranging from 0 to 1) versus Frame Loss Probability (p) on the X-axis (ranging from 0 to 1). Three lines are plotted: SREJ (diamonds), actual REJ (squares), and approx REJ (triangles). SREJ starts at (0, 1) and ends at (1, 0). actual REJ starts at (0, 1) and ends at (1, 0). approx REJ starts at (0, 1) and ends at (1, 0). The legend indicates: SREJ (diamond), actual REJ (square), approx REJ (triangle). + +If p is 0.01, then REJ efficiency is about 0.97 and SREJ efficiency is about 0.99. The difference is less than 0.02. If several frame errors occur consecutively, then REJ and SREJ both produce lower efficiency. + +##### I.1.2.2 Use of REJ with silent intervals + +Consider a stream of octets on a DLCI used to carry data in ERM that is multiplexed with audio frames. As depicted in I.1.1, these octets are carried by data frames (NDF) using appropriate data-forwarding conditions and interspersed with audio frames (NAF). During silent intervals, an LDF may be sent with an SAF. Subclause I.1.1 discussed strategies concerning use of an LDF and the possible need for retransmission using SREJ. In this case, the initial grouping of octets into data frames, as derived from the data forwarding conditions, must be maintained to ensure unique delivery of all octets. + +When using REJ for recovery, the stream of octets initially transmitted must still be delivered but it need **not** be delivered in the same frame numbers. Since REJ is a “Go-Back-N” approach to recovery, then the original “packaging” of octets during retransmission is not important. + +For example, consider a stream of 300 octets originally sent by station A as frames 1, 2 and 3 consisting of 150 (LDF), 75 (NDF) and 75 (NDF) octets, respectively. Suppose station B does not receive frame 1; it then sends an REJ for frame 1 when it receives frame 2. Station B will then discard frames 2 and 3. Station A must retransmit frames starting with frame 1. While it is required that the first octet of the retransmitted frame 1 be the same as in the originally-transmitted frame 1, it is **not** required that frame 1 be of the same length as originally transmitted. Frame 1 may, for example, contain 75 octets (NDF) while the retransmitted frames 2 and 3 each contain 150 octets (LDF). In the case of frame 3, it now carries octets not originally transmitted. + +# Appendix II + +## Additions for “Unnumbered information with header check” feature + +### II.1 Introduction + +The unnumbered information with header check (UIH) feature is an option that allows frames to be transmitted without error recovery and flow control like UI frames (see 6.4.5). Unlike UI-frame operation, the UIH feature provides for protection from bit corruption only for a number of octets immediately following the opening flag of a frame (including a suspend flag when using the suspend/resume feature of Annex A). Applications where this is useful include: + +- data applications where a higher-layer protocol provides protection against bit corruption; +- voice applications where bit errors in the voice-related bits can be tolerated (as opposed to discarding the frame and introducing either silence or some background noise); +- applications that may add their own forward error correction so that it is only necessary to protect a few octets of the “enveloping” protocol. + +The number of octets to be protected is made known to the DLC entity through a local mechanism when a DLC is opened. + +When agreeing to use of the UIH option, a UIH frame is used in place of the UI frame in either ERM or UNERM. + +### II.2 Abbreviation + +The following additional abbreviation applies to this appendix. + +UIH      Unnumbered Information with Header Check (frame or feature) + +## II.3 Changes for UIH feature + +When using the UIH feature, the text of this Recommendation should be read with the following changes applied. + +- a) Subclause 5.1.6: Add at the end of the existing sentence the following text: + +“... guard against bit errors.] Unless otherwise noted, the frame check sequence is calculated for the entire length of the frame, excluding the opening flag, the FCS itself, any bits inserted for transparency and the closing flag. In those instances where the FCS is calculated over an agreed-to, designated portion of the entire frame, then the calculation shall begin immediately after the opening flag and continue over the designated portion of the entire frame, excluding any bits inserted for transparency.” + +NOTE – Selection of an FCS length is independent of whether the FCS covers the entire frame or only part of the frame. + +- b) Subclauses 5.1.6.1, 5.1.6.2, and 5.1.6.3 (descriptions of 8-, 16- and 32-bit FCSs, respectively): + +Change all 3 subclauses in the same ways as follows: + +- In Paragraph 1, item a): +change “where $k$ is the number of bits ... inserted for transparency; and” +to “where $k$ is the number of bits being protected by the FCS; and” +- In Paragraph 1, item b): +change “by the content of the frame ... inserted for transparency.” +to “by the content of the $k$ bits being protected.” +- In Paragraph 2: +change “of the address, control and information fields;” +to “of the address, control and any remaining bits of the designated $k$ bits being protected;” + +- c) Subclause 6.4.1, Paragraph 2: change “6.4.14” at the end of the sentence to “6.4.15”. + +- d) Subclause 6.4.1, Table 4/V.76: add a new row after the UI row as follows: + +| | | | | | | | | | | | +|--|---------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|---|---|---|-----|---|---|---|---| +| | UIH
(unnumbered
information with
header check) | UIH
(unnumbered
information with
header check) | 1 | 1 | 1 | P/F | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | +|--|---------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|---|---|---|-----|---|---|---|---| + +- e) Add a new subclause 6.4.15 as follows: + +### **“6.4.15 Unnumbered information with header check (UIH) command/response** + +An unnumbered information with header check (UIH) frame is used to send information that the MF will not recover if lost and where the integrity of the information being transferred is of lesser importance than its delivery to the SU (the SU, however, may try to ensure that the information is successfully transmitted to the remote station). + +For the UIH frame, the FCS shall be calculated over only the initial octets of the frame, not including bits inserted for transparency, starting after the opening flag. This number of octets shall be made known to the DLC entity through a local mechanism when a DLC is opened. + +The UIH frame may be used in either ERM (in conjunction with I frames) or UNERM.” + +- f) Subclause 8.2: + +- Paragraphs 1 and 2: change “UI command frame” to “UI/UIH command frame”. +- Add a new third paragraph as follows: +“The use of either the UI command frame or the UIH command frame for the DLC is determined during its connection establishment.” + +- g) Subclause 8.3: add the following text as a new second sentence: “When UI frames are used for the transfer of user-control information, the UIH frame shall be used in its place if such usage was agreed when the DLC was opened.” + +- h) Subclause A.3: + - Add to the end of Note 3: [... as if they were UI frames] or, if its use in place of UI frames has been agreed, UIH frames. + - Add a new Note 4 as follows: “4 When use of UIH frames has been agreed for a DLCI, then the partial FCS coverage spans the initial octets starting after the suspend flag, excluding any bits inserted for transparency. The absence of the explicit control field and, optionally, the address field does not change this fixed value of coverage.” +- i) Subclause B.1.1: Add a new fourth paragraph as follows: “The UIH command and response frames shall be used in place of the respective UI frames if such usage was agreed when the DLC was opened.” + +# Appendix III + +## Cross-reference between Recommendations V.76 and V.42 + +The MF of this Recommendation is based on V.42 LAPM. Therefore, there is technical alignment between the procedures used here for the ERM with those in Recommendation V.42. Editorially, terminology may differ – for example, LAPM uses the phrase *error-correcting entity* whereas this Recommendation uses the phrase *data link connection entity*. + +The table below shows the clauses in Recommendations V.76 and V.42 that have some commonality. + +| Recommendation V.76 | Recommendation V.42 | +|---------------------|----------------------| +| 4.4 | 6.4 | +| 5.1.1 | 8.1.1.1 | +| 5.1.2 | 8.1.1.2 | +| 5.1.3 | 8.1.1.3 | +| 5.1.4 | 8.1.1.4 | +| 5.1.5 | 8.1.1.5 | +| 5.1.6.2 | 8.1.1.6.1 | +| 5.1.6.3 | 8.1.1.6.2 | +| 5.2 and subclauses | 8.1.2 and subclauses | +| 5.3 | 8.1.3 | +| 5.4 | 8.1.4 | +| 5.5 | 8.1.5 | +| 6 | 8.2 | +| 6.1 and subclauses | 8.2.1 and subclauses | +| 6.2 and subclauses | 8.2.2 and subclauses | +| 6.3 and subclauses | 8.2.3 and subclauses | + +| Recommendation V.76 | Recommendation V.42 | +|---------------------|------------------------------------------| +| 6.4 and subclauses | 8.2.4 and subclauses | +| 6.5 | 8.2.5 | +| 7.1 and subclauses | 8.3 and subclauses | +| 7.3 and subclauses | 8.7 and subclauses | +| 7.4 | 8.8 | +| 7.5 and subclauses | 8.9 and subclauses | +| 7.6 and subclauses | 8.10 and subclauses | +| 7.7 | 8.11 | +| 8 | 8.4 | +| 8.1 and subclauses | 8.4.1 through 8.4.8, 8.5.1 through 8.5.3 | +| 8.3 | 8.6 | +| 8.4.1 | 8.5.4 | +| 8.4.2 | 8.5.5 | +| 8.4.3 | 8.5.6 | +| 8.4.4 | 8.5.7 | +| 8.4.5 | 8.12 | +| 8.4.6 | 8.4.9 | +| 9.1 | 9.2.1 | +| 9.2 | 9.2.2 | +| 9.3 | 9.2.3 | +| 9.4 | 9.2.4 | +| 9.5 | 9.2.5 | +| 9.6 | 9.2.6 | +| 9.7 | 9.2.7 | +| 10 | 10 | +| Annex B | 8.13, 12.3 | + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Telephone network and ISDN | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media | +| Series H | Transmission of non-telephone signals | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of sound-programme and television signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound-programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminal equipments and protocols for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communication | +| Series Z | Programming languages | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.8-200011-I_PDF-E/0f985b39edc1d52ba3600c438bc8f0a5_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.8-200011-I_PDF-E/0f985b39edc1d52ba3600c438bc8f0a5_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0962ae5a335647b74c767a910b303fd5a0bc3417 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.8-200011-I_PDF-E/0f985b39edc1d52ba3600c438bc8f0a5_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4e5f1fc624fc6b496392df9b828fb6b0774885882da9fea03dc1e2295331cb1c +size 31747 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.8-200011-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.8-200011-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d2d9ceeef3c2d74ce7ff262ff2d174e5b7a0a394 --- /dev/null +++ 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transmission over the public switched telephone network** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.8 + +(Formerly CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +## ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK + +| General | V.1–V.9 | +|-------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| Interfaces and voiceband modems | V.10–V.34 | +| Wideband modems | V.35–V.39 | +| Error control | V.40–V.49 | +| Transmission quality and maintenance | V.50–V.59 | +| Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals | V.60–V.99 | +| Interworking with other networks | V.100–V.199 | +| Interface layer specifications for data communication | V.200–V.249 | +| Control procedures | V.250–V.299 | +| Modems on digital circuits | V.300–V.399 | + +*For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.* + +# **Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission over the public switched telephone network** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation defines signals to be exchanged between DCEs over the PSTN when a session of data transmission needs to be established, but before signals are exchanged which are specific to a particular Recommendation. It provides means to automatically determine the best available operational mode between two DCEs connected via the PSTN, provides a timely indication to Circuit Multiplication Equipments on the V-series modulation to be employed in a new session of data transmission, provides a means to enable a PSTN call to be passed on automatically to an appropriate DCE, and provides signals for interacting with PSTN echo-control equipment. + +This Recommendation was revised in 1998 and 1999 to define additional call function types, define procedures for the exchange of non-standard facilities information and add support for PCM modulation modes. + +This Recommendation was revised in 2000 to provide support for V.92 features, correct errors in the 1999 version, clarify the use of the prot0 octet, and add clause 10 to address compatibility with future revisions of this Recommendation. + +## **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.8 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 16 (2001-2004) and approved under the WTSA Resolution 1 procedure on 17 November 2000. + +## FOREWORD + +The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +## NOTE + +In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +© ITU 2001 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from ITU. + +## CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 3 | +| 4 Overview of the Recommendation ..... | 3 | +| 4.1 Call indication..... | 3 | +| 4.2 Call menu/Joint menu exchange..... | 3 | +| 5 Coding format ..... | 4 | +| 5.1 Category octets..... | 4 | +| 5.2 Extension octets ..... | 4 | +| 6 Code tables..... | 4 | +| 6.1 Call functions..... | 5 | +| 6.2 Modulation modes ..... | 6 | +| 6.3 PCM Modem availability..... | 7 | +| 6.4 Protocols ..... | 7 | +| 6.5 PSTN access ..... | 8 | +| 6.6 Non-standard facilities ..... | 8 | +| 7 Descriptions of signals..... | 9 | +| 7.1 Function indicator signal CI..... | 9 | +| 7.2 Modified answer tone ANSam..... | 9 | +| 7.3 The Call Menu signal CM ..... | 9 | +| 7.4 The Joint Menu signal JM ..... | 10 | +| 8 Data session start-up procedure ..... | 11 | +| 8.1 Start-up procedure in the call DCE..... | 11 | +| 8.1.1 Call signal transmission..... | 11 | +| 8.1.2 Call menu transmission ..... | 12 | +| 8.2 Start-up procedure in the answer DCE ..... | 12 | +| 8.2.1 ANS transmission..... | 12 | +| 8.2.2 ANSam transmission..... | 12 | +| 8.2.3 JM transmission..... | 12 | +| 9 DTE-DCE interchange circuits..... | 13 | +| 10 Compatibility ..... | 13 | + +## ITU-T Recommendation V.8 + +# Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission over the public switched telephone network + +# 1 Scope + +This Recommendation defines signals to be exchanged between DCEs over the PSTN when a session of data transmission needs to be established, but before signals are exchanged which are specific to a particular modem Recommendation. + +This Recommendation provides the following features: + +- A means to determine automatically, prior to initiation of modem handshake, the best available operational mode between two DCEs connected via the PSTN. Many DCEs can provide operation according to a number of different V-series modem Recommendations. +- A timely indication to Circuit Multiplication Equipments (CMEs) on the V-series modulation to be employed in any new session of data transmission. CMEs in the PSTN will increasingly need to deploy demodulation/remodulation in order to maintain and improve data signalling rates. +- A means to enable a PSTN call to be passed on automatically to an appropriate DCE, with the minimum potential for adversely affecting existing DCEs. +- Signals for interacting with PSTN echo-control equipment, as provided for in ITU-T V.25. + +Implementors should note that this Recommendation is designed to be extensible, and care must be taken to ensure compatibility with future revisions of this Recommendation. See clauses 6 and 10. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- ITU-T H.324 (1998), *Terminal for low bit-rate multimedia communication*. +- ITU-T T.30 (1999), *Procedures for document facsimile transmission in the general switched telephone network*. +- ITU-T T.35 (2000), *Procedure for the allocation of ITU-T defined codes for non-standard facilities*. +- ITU-T T.66 (1999), *Facsimile code points for use with Recommendations V.8 and V.8 bis*. +- ITU-T T.101 (1994), *International interworking for videotex services*. +- ITU-T V.2 (1988), *Power levels for data transmission over telephone lines*. +- ITU-T V.17 (1991), *A 2-wire modem for facsimile applications with rates up to 14 400 bit/s*. +- ITU-T V.18 (1998), *Operational and interworking requirements for DCEs operating in the text telephone mode*. +- ITU-T V.21 (1988), *300 bits per second duplex modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network*. + +- ITU-T V.22 (1988), *1200 bits per second duplex modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T V.22 bis (1988), *2400 bits per second duplex modem using the frequency division technique standardized for use on the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T V.23 (1988), *600/1200-baud modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T V.25 (1996), *Automatic answering equipment and general procedures for automatic calling equipment on the general switched telephone network including procedures for disabling of echo control devices for both manually and automatically established calls.* +- ITU-T V.26 bis (1988), *2400/1200 bits per second modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T V.26 ter (1988), *2400 bits per second duplex modem using the echo cancellation technique standardized for use on the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T V.27 ter (1984), *4800/2400 bits per second modem standardized for use in the general switched telephone network.* +- ITU-T V.291 (1988), *9600 bits per second modem standardized for use on point-to-point 4-wire leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T V.32 (1993), *A family of 2-wire, duplex modems operating at data signalling rates of up to 9600 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T V.32 bis (1991), *A duplex modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 14 400 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T V.34 (1998), *A modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 33 600 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits.* +- ITU-T V.42 (1996), *Error-correcting procedures for DCEs using asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion.* +- ITU-T V.90 (1998), *A digital modem and analogue modem pair for use on the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) at data signalling rates of up to 56 000 bit/s downstream and up to 33 600 bit/s upstream.* +- ITU-T V.91 (1999), *A digital modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 64 000 bit/s for use in a 4-wire circuit switched connection and on leased point-to-point 4-wire digital circuits.* +- ITU-T V.92 (2000), *Enhancements to Recommendation V.90.* + +--- + +1 With PSTN usage defined in a T-series Recommendation. + +# 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +- 3.1 call indicator signal (CI):** A signal transmitted from the call DCE to indicate the general communication function. CI is transmitted with an ON/OFF cadence defined in 7.1. The ON periods consist of a repetitive sequence of bits at 300 bit/s, modulating V.21(L), the low-band channel defined in ITU-T V.21. +- 3.2 signal CNG:** The call tone defined in ITU-T T.30. +- 3.3 signal CT:** Any call tone allowed for in ITU-T V.25. +- 3.4 call menu signal (CM):** A signal (see 7.3) transmitted from the call DCE primarily to indicate modulation modes available in the call DCE. CM consists of a repetitive sequence of bits at 300 bit/s, modulating V.21(L), the low-band channel defined in ITU-T V.21. +- 3.5 CM terminator (CJ):** A signal which acknowledges the detection of a JM signal and indicates the end of a CM signal. CJ consists of three consecutive octets of all ZEROS with start and stop bits, modulating V.21(L) at 300 bit/s. +- 3.6 joint menu signal (JM):** A signal (see 7.4) transmitted from the answer DCE primarily to indicate modulation modes available jointly in the call and answer DCEs. JM consists of a repetitive sequence of bits at 300 bit/s, modulating V.21(H), the high-band channel defined in ITU-T V.21. +- 3.7 ANS:** Answer tone as defined in ITU-T V.25. +- 3.8 ANSam:** A sinewave signal at 2100 Hz, amplitude-modulated, as defined in 7.2. +- 3.9 sigC:** A signal transmitted by a call DCE specific to a V-series modem Recommendation. +- 3.10 sigA:** A signal transmitted by an answer DCE specific to a V-series modem Recommendation. +- 3.11 PCM Modem:** A class of modems as specified in the ITU-T V.9x series of Recommendations. + +# 4 Overview of the Recommendation + +## 4.1 Call indication + +The V.8 alternative to call tone (CT), signal CI, carries information to permit the selection of call functions, e.g. facsimile or data. The subsequent CM/JM exchange also provides for this function as well as other functions outlined in this Recommendation. + +## 4.2 Call menu/Joint menu exchange + +The exchange of call menu and joint menu signals, CM and JM, enables DCEs to choose, for a forthcoming data session on the PSTN, the best V-series modulation mode from those available in both the call and answer DCEs. + +The CM/JM exchange also provides for protocol selection, PSTN access indication, and non-standard facilities. + +JM signals also provide information in a form suitable for PSTN Circuit Multiplication Equipment (CME) prior to the onset of modem training. + +# 5 Coding format + +Signals CI, CM and JM use a common coding format. Each of these signals consists of a repeated sequence of bits. A sequence consists of 10 ONEs followed by 10 bits for synchronization and then information-bearing octets, each octet being preceded by a start-bit (ZERO), and followed by a stop-bit (ONE). + +To avoid confusion of signal JM with T.30 signals which also use V.21(H) modulation, a coding constraint is maintained which ensures that HDLC flags (01111110) cannot appear in the bit stream. + +Each octet lies within one "information category". The coding format allows information categories to be expanded for special applications, while keeping signals brief for the majority of applications. + +The first information category in a sequence shall be the call function. No particular ordering is required for subsequent information categories. All information within one category shall be carried in one octet or, when necessary, in an ordered sequence of octets. + +## 5.1 Category octets + +Category octets are those which occur first in any new information category, and include a 4-bit code identifying the information category. The format is shown below with bits listed from left to right in order of transmission: + +start-bit (0)   b0   b1   b2   b3   0   b5   b6   b7   stop-bit (1) + +Bits b0-b3 make up the category tag with b0 the least significant bit, b4 is set to ZERO to prevent flag simulation, and bits b5-b7 are "option bits" relevant to the information category. + +## 5.2 Extension octets + +When 3 option bits are inadequate for a particular category, any number of extension octets may follow directly after a category octet. The format for an extension octet is shown below: + +start-bit (0)   b0   b1   b2   0   1   0   b6   b7   stop-bit (1) + +Bits b0-b2, b6 and b7 provide five additional option bits in the current category. Bit b4 is set to ONE in order to distinguish an extension octet from a category octet, and bits b3 and b5 are set to ZERO to prevent flag simulation. + +# 6 Code tables + +Information categories and extension octets beyond those specified in the tables below are all reserved for future definition by the ITU-T. To be compatible with future versions of this Recommendation, a receiver shall ignore all bits, codes and octets reserved for such future definition. + +Table 1 shows the preamble to each signal sequence. This consists of ten ONEs followed by ten bits for synchronization. + +**Table 1/V.8 – Preamble** + +| | | | | | | | | | | | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----------------------------------------------| +| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Ten ONEs preceding each information sequence | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Synchronization for CI sequences | +| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Synchronization for CM and JM sequences | +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Defined in ITU-T V.92 | + +Table 2 lists the information categories, identified by a 4-bit category tag b0-b3. + +**Table 2/V.8 – Information categories** + +| Start | b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | b4 | b5 | b6 | b7 | Stop | Category octets (b4 = 0) with category
given by tag b0-b3 | +|-------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|------|--------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | x | x | x | 1 | Call function | +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | x | x | x | 1 | Modulation modes | +| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | x | x | x | 1 | Protocols | +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | x | x | x | 1 | PSTN access | +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | x | x | x | 1 | Non-standard facilities | +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | x | x | x | 1 | PCM modem availability | +| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | x | x | x | 1 | Defined in ITU-T T.66 | + +## 6.1 Call functions + +Table 3 shows how the 3 option bits in a call-function octet are used to identify particular call functions. + +**Table 3/V.8 – The call function category** + +| Start | b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | b4 | b5 | b6 | b7 | Stop | Octet – "callf0" | Reference | +|-------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|------|--------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | | | | Tag b0-b3 indicating the call function category | | +| | | | | | 0 | | | | | Indicates a category octet | | +| | | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | | To be determined by the ITU-T | | +| | | | | | | 1 | 0 | 0 | | PSTN Multimedia Terminal | ITU-T H.324 | +| | | | | | | 0 | 1 | 0 | | Textphone | Textphone according to ITU-T V.18 | +| | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 0 | | Videotext | ITU-T T.101 | +| | | | | | | 0 | 0 | 1 | | Transmit facsimile from call terminal | ITU-T T.30 | +| | | | | | | 1 | 0 | 1 | | Receive facsimile at call terminal | ITU-T T.30 | +| | | | | | | 0 | 1 | 1 | | Data (unspecified application) | V-series modem Recommendations | +| | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | | Call function as indicated in an extension octet | | +| | | | | | | | | | 1 | Stop bit | | + +## 6.2 Modulation modes + +Table 4 shows the coding over 3 octets to indicate availability of PSTN V-series modulation modes other than PCM modems. Availability shall be shown only if the modulation mode can be used with the indicated call function, and if it is desired to convey that capability to the remote DCE. + +**Table 4/V.8 – Modulation modes** + +| Start | b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | b4 | b5 | b6 | b7 | Stop | Octet – "modn0" | Item | +|-------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|------| +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | | | | | Tag b0-b3 indicating the modulation modes category | | +| | | | | | 0 | | | | | Indicates a category octet | | +| | | | | | | x | | | | 1 when PCM Modem availability category is present | 0 | +| | | | | | | | x | | | 1 denotes V.34 duplex availability | 1 | +| | | | | | | | | x | | 1 denotes V.34 half-duplex availability | 2 | +| | | | | | | | | | 1 | Stop bit | | +| 0 | | | | | | | | | | Octet – "modn1" | | +| | x | | | | | | | | | 1 denotes V.32 bis /V.32 availability | 3 | +| | | x | | | | | | | | 1 denotes V.22 bis /V.22 availability | 4 | +| | | | x | | | | | | | 1 denotes V.17 availability | 5 | +| | | | | 0 | 1 | 0 | | | | Indicates an extension octet | | +| | | | | | | | x | | | 1 denotes V.29 half-duplex availability (as used in ITU-T T.30, etc.) | 6 | +| | | | | | | | | x | | 1 denotes V.27 ter availability | 7 | +| | | | | | | | | | 1 | Stop bit | | +| 0 | | | | | | | | | | Octet – "modn2" | | +| | x | | | | | | | | | 1 denotes V.26 ter availability | 8 | +| | | x | | | | | | | | 1 denotes V.26 bis availability | 9 | +| | | | x | | | | | | | 1 denotes V.23 duplex availability | 10 | +| | | | | 0 | 1 | 0 | | | | Indicates an extension octet | | +| | | | | | | | x | | | 1 denotes V.23 half-duplex availability | 11 | +| | | | | | | | | x | | 1 denotes V.21 availability | 12 | +| | | | | | | | | | 1 | Stop bit | | + +## 6.3 PCM Modem availability + +Table 5 shows the coding to indicate availability of PCM modem modulation modes. Availability shall be shown only if the modulation mode can be used with the indicated call function, and if it is desired to convey that capability to the remote DCE. If either bit b5 or b6 in octet pcm0 is set, the V.34 availability bit in the modulation category shall also be set. + +When this category is present, the PSTN access category shall also be present. When this category is present and the modulation modes category is present, bit b5 in the first modulation category octet shall be set to ONE. + +**Table 5/V.8 – The PCM Modem availability category** + +| Start | b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | b4 | b5 | b6 | b7 | Stop | Octet – "pcm0" | +|-------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|------|---------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | | | | | | Tag b0-b3 indicates the PCM Modem availability category | +| | | | | | 0 | | | | | Indicates a category octet | +| | | | | | | x | | | | 1 denotes V.90 or V.92 analogue modem availability | +| | | | | | | | x | | | 1 denotes V.90 or V.92 digital modem availability | +| | | | | | | | | x | | 1 denotes V.91 availability | +| | | | | | | | | | 1 | Stop bit | + +## 6.4 Protocols + +Table 6 lists codes within the protocol category. + +If the LAPM protocol code is indicated in CM and the answer DCE wishes to use LAPM, a protocol octet is also transmitted in JM indicating LAPM. + +**Table 6/V.8 – The protocol category** + +| Start | b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | b4 | b5 | b6 | b7 | Stop | Octet – "prot0" | +|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | | | | | | Tag b0-b3 indicates the protocol category | +| | | | | | 0 | | | | | Indicates a category octet | +| | | | | | | 1 | 0 | 0 | | Calls for LAPM protocol according to ITU-T V.42 | +| | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | | Calls for protocol as indicated in an extension octet | +| | | | | | | | | | 1 | Stop bit | +| NOTE – Absence of this octet does not preclude alternative means of protocol negotiation. | | | | | | | | | | | + +## 6.5 PSTN access + +Table 7 provides codes for indicating the type of access to the PSTN connection. + +**Table 7/V.8 – PSTN access category** + +| Start | b0 | b1 | b2 | b3 | b4 | b5 | b6 | b7 | Stop | Octet – "access0" | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | | | | Tag b0-b3 indicates the PSTN access category | +| | | | | | 0 | | | | | Indicates a category octet | +| | | | | | | x | | | | 1 denotes that the call DCE is on a cellular connection | +| | | | | | | | x | | | 1 denotes that the answer DCE is on a cellular connection | +| | | | | | | | | x | | 1 denotes a DCE on a digital network connection
0 denotes a DCE on an analogue network connection | +| | | | | | | | | | 1 | Stop bit | +| NOTE 1 – Absence of this octet conveys no information about the type of PSTN access. | | | | | | | | | | | +| NOTE 2 – An analogue V.90 or V.92 modem may reside on a digital network connection. | | | | | | | | | | | + +## 6.6 Non-standard facilities + +CM and JM messages may optionally include a non-standard information field following the standard fields in each CM/JM sequence to define information beyond that defined in this Recommendation. When non-standard information is to be sent, the NS field category octet is set to 11110xxx. + +Each non-standard information block is composed in the structure in Table 8. + +**Table 8/V.8 – Structure of non-standard information field** + +| Non-standard field octets | Octets | +|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------| +| Non-standard field length K+L+M+1 | 1 | +| T.35 country code | K | +| Provider code length | 1 | +| Provider code | L | +| Non-standard information | M | +| NOTE – The T.35 country code is no longer limited to one octet in length. See ITU-T T.35 (2000). | | + +The NS field is parsed in accordance with the rules for extension octets in 5.2. This distributes each five bits of NS (higher order NS bits in higher order b positions) over 10 bits of extension octets. + +Multiple concatenated NS information blocks may be transmitted. + +# **7 Descriptions of signals** + +## **7.1 Function indicator signal CI** + +To initiate a session of data transmission on the PSTN, a DCE transmits either CI, CT, CNG or no signal. Signal CI is a V.8 alternative to call tone CT, and is coded to indicate a call function. The term "call signal" is used hereinafter to refer to CI, CT or CNG. + +CI is transmitted from the call DCE with a regular ON/OFF cadence. The ON periods shall be not less than 3 periods of the CI sequence, and not greater than 2 s in duration; the OFF periods shall be not less than 0.4 s and not greater than 2 s in duration. + +A CI sequence consists of 10 ONEs followed by 10 synchronization bits and the call function octet. + +The transmission and detection of CI is optional in most DCE Recommendations. Whether or not this option is used, DCEs conforming with this Recommendation should not malfunction if CI is received. + +## **7.2 Modified answer tone ANSam** + +Modified answer tone ANSam consists of a sinewave signal at $2100 \pm 1$ Hz with phase reversals at an interval of $450 \pm 25$ ms, amplitude-modulated by a sinewave at $15 \pm 0.1$ Hz. The modulated envelope shall range in amplitude between $(0.8 \pm 0.01)$ and $(1.2 \pm 0.01)$ times its average amplitude. The average transmitted power shall be in accordance with ITU-T V.2. + +The average power outside the band $2100 \pm 200$ Hz produced by using an approximation to the 15 Hz sinewave envelope shall be at least 24 dB below the average power within that band. + +When network echo canceller disabling is not required, phase reversals shall not be imparted to the ANSam signal. + +A call DCE shall not transmit a signal CM unless ANSam has been detected. + +NOTE 1 – The call DCE needs to distinguish ANSam from ANS. Detector design needs to allow for transient variations in the received answer-tone amplitude and phase that may be generated occasionally by network equipment. + +NOTE 2 – Experience in the field has indicated that, when connecting on circuits fitted with some network echo cancellers, there is a potential for failure to connect if the phase reversal option of ANSam is not used. + +## **7.3 The Call Menu signal CM** + +Signal CM initiates the process of modulation-mode selection. + +A CM sequence starts with 10 ONEs followed by 10 synchronization bits as given in Table 1. + +The first information category in CM indicates the required call function in accordance with Table 3. CM shall also include one or more octets indicating available modulation modes in accordance with Table 4. + +The protocol category may be included in order to negotiate LAPM without requiring the ODP/ADP exchange (see 7.2.1/V.42 and Table 6). If both DCEs indicate LAPM in the prot0 octet, they may be required to omit the ODP/ADP exchange (for example, see 9.3.1/V.92). It should be noted however that some existing implementations of V.8 may indicate LAPM in prot0, but still require the ODP/ADP exchange to successfully negotiate LAPM. + +The PSTN access category is included if the call DCE wishes to indicate network access type (see Table 7). In this case, bit b5 is set to ONE and bit b6 is set to ZERO when the DCE is on a cellular connection. In addition, bit b7 is set to ONE when the DCE is on a digital network connection (e.g. an ISDN B-channel carrying encoded analogue content), and set to ZERO when the DCE is on an analogue network connection. + +If the PCM modem availability category is present, the PSTN access category shall also be present and the modulation category, if present, shall have bit b5 in its first octet set to ONE. If bit b5 or b6 in the PCM modem availability category octet pcm0 is set to ONE, then the modulation category shall be present, with at least the V.34 availability bit also set to ONE. + +A CM signal is terminated (after JM detection) by the transmission of a CJ signal. + +## **7.4 The Joint Menu signal JM** + +A signal JM is transmitted from an answer DCE only in response to a detected CM signal. JM shall be transmitted after a minimum of two identical CM sequences have been received. + +A JM sequence starts with 10 ONEs followed by 10 synchronization bits as given in Table 1. + +The first information category in JM indicates the same call function as in the received CM or, if the call function is not available in the answer DCE, JM may indicate a different call function (see 8.2.3). + +If there are modulation category modulation modes in common between the call and answer DCEs, JM shall include the octets necessary to indicate all modulation modes that are both indicated in CM and available in the answer DCE for use with the call function indicated in CM. Additional modulation mode octets that are in CM may also be included. + +If there are no modulation category modulation modes in common between the call and answer DCEs, the JM sequence shall include the same number of modulation-mode octets as CM, and show zeros for all modulation modes. + +If the LAPM protocol code is indicated in CM, the protocol octet may be included in JM in order to complete the negotiation of LAPM (see Table 6). If both DCEs indicate LAPM in the prot0 octet, they may be required to omit the ODP/ADP exchange (for example, see 9.3.1/V.92). It should be noted, however, that some existing implementations of V.8 may indicate LAPM in prot0, but still require the ODP/ADP exchange to successfully negotiate LAPM. + +The PSTN access category is included if the answer DCE wishes to indicate network access type, or if this category is present in the received CM with bit b5 set to ONE (see Table 7). If the answer DCE wishes to indicate cellular access, bit b6 is set to ONE. Bit b5 is set to ONE if and only if the corresponding bit (b5) is set to ONE in the received CM. In addition, bit b7 is set to ONE when the DCE is on a digital network connection (e.g. an ISDN B-channel carrying encoded analogue content), and set to ZERO when the DCE is on an analogue network connection. + +The PCM Modem availability category shall be present only if it is present in the received CM, if PCM modulation can be used with the indicated call function, and if it is desired to convey PCM modem capability to the remote DCE. If either bit b5 or b6 in octet pcm0 is set, the V.34 availability bit in the modulation category shall also be set. + +If the PCM Modem availability category is present, the PSTN access category shall also be present, and the modulation category, if present, shall have bit b5 in its first octet set to ONE. + +If the PCM Modem availability category is contained in JM, operation shall proceed as specified in ITU-T V.90, V.91, or V.92. Otherwise, the indicated modulation category modulation mode with the lowest item number (see Table 4) shall be used in the subsequent data session. + +# 8 Data session start-up procedure + +Figure 1 shows the signal interaction diagram with CI, ANSam and CM/JM signals. $T_e$ is the silent period allowed for disabling of network echo-control equipment. + +![Figure 1/V.8: Signal interaction diagram showing the sequence of signals between Call DCE and Answer DCE. The Call DCE transmits CI, CM, and CJ signals, while the Answer DCE transmits ANSam, JM, and sigA signals. Timing intervals include 1 s for CI, T_e for the silent period, and 75 ± 5 ms for the final signals. A note indicates that CI is optional and compatibility with existing answer terminals may require CNG or CT.](0f985b39edc1d52ba3600c438bc8f0a5_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the signal interaction between the Call DCE and the Answer DCE during a data session start-up. The Call DCE (top) transmits a sequence of signals: CI, CM, and CJ. The Answer DCE (bottom) transmits a sequence of signals: ANSam, JM, and sigA. The timing intervals are as follows: 1 s for the CI signal, $T_e$ for the silent period, and $75 \pm 5$ ms for the final signals. A note indicates that CI is optional and compatibility with existing answer terminals may require CNG or CT. + +Call DCE: CI, CI, CI, ... (Note) CM, CM, CM, ... CJ sigC + +Answer DCE: ANSam JM, JM, JM, ... sigA + +Timing intervals: 1 s, $T_e$ , $75 \pm 5$ ms, $\geq 0.2$ s, $75 \pm 5$ ms. + +NOTE – Use of CI as a call signal is optional. Compatibility with existing answer terminals will sometimes mandate the use of CNG or CT. + +Figure 1/V.8: Signal interaction diagram showing the sequence of signals between Call DCE and Answer DCE. The Call DCE transmits CI, CM, and CJ signals, while the Answer DCE transmits ANSam, JM, and sigA signals. Timing intervals include 1 s for CI, T\_e for the silent period, and 75 ± 5 ms for the final signals. A note indicates that CI is optional and compatibility with existing answer terminals may require CNG or CT. + +Figure 1/V.8 – Use of the CI call signal and exchange of CM/JM menu signals + +## 8.1 Start-up procedure in the call DCE + +### 8.1.1 Call signal transmission + +After transmitting no signal for 1 s, the DCE shall initiate transmission of CI, CT or CNG, or continue transmission of no signal. + +The DCE shall then seek to detect ANS, ANSam, or a sigA that is characteristic of an acceptable mode of modulation. + +NOTE – The transmission of a V.21(H) signal before the transmission of answer tone is being studied by the ITU-T for some facsimile applications. A call DCE conforming with this Recommendation should not malfunction if such a signal is received. + +If a suitable sigA is detected, then the call modem shall proceed in accordance with the modulation mode indicated by sigA. Such procedure is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +After detection of ANS or ANSam, the call signal shall be stopped. However, the call DCE may choose to ensure that CI has been transmitted for a minimum of 3 full sequences. + +If ANSam (rather than ANS) is detected, the DCE shall transmit no signal for a period $T_e$ prior to transmitting signal CM. The silent period $T_e$ begins after the termination of the call signal or, in the absence of a call signal, after the detection of ANSam. The minimum value for $T_e$ shall be 0.5 s. However, if it is desired to allow for network echo canceller disabling in the manner defined in ITU-T V.25, $T_e$ shall be set to a value $\geq 1$ s. The procedure shall continue in accordance with 8.1.2. + +If ANS (rather than ANSam) is detected, the DCE shall proceed in accordance with Annex A/V.32 *bis*, ITU-T T.30, or other appropriate Recommendations. + +### 8.1.2 Call menu transmission + +When interval $T_e$ has elapsed, the call DCE shall initiate transmission of signal CM and condition its receiver to detect signal JM. + +After a minimum of 2 identical JM sequences have been received, the call DCE shall complete the current octet and associated start and stop bits and then signal CJ shall be transmitted. Following CJ, the call DCE shall transmit no signal for a period of $75 \pm 5$ ms, transmit sigC and proceed in accordance with the selected V-series modulation mode. + +If the PCM modem availability category is not contained in the received JM, and if JM shows zeros for all modulation category modulation modes, the call DCE may disconnect after transmission of CJ. + +## 8.2 Start-up procedure in the answer DCE + +For a period of at least 0.2 s after connection to line, the answer DCE shall transmit no signal. + +Some Recommendations require that the answer DCE shall delay the transmission of answer tone unless or until some signal is detected from the call DCE. In these cases, upon detection of CI, CT or CNG as appropriate, the DCE shall proceed in accordance with 8.2.1 or 8.2.2. + +Other Recommendations require that answer tone shall be transmitted without waiting for call signals. Such DCEs shall proceed directly in accordance with 8.2.1 or 8.2.2. + +### 8.2.1 ANS transmission + +Some Recommendations require the transmission of unmodulated Answer tone (ANS) and do not allow for CM/JM exchanges. The procedure following the transmission of ANS is outside the scope of this Recommendation. + +### 8.2.2 ANSam transmission + +If the answer DCE supports CM/JM exchanges, ANSam shall be transmitted. + +Upon receiving a minimum of 2 identical CM sequences, the DCE shall transmit JM and proceed in accordance with 8.2.3. + +If a suitable sigC is detected during ANSam transmission, the DCE shall transmit no signal for $75 \pm 5$ ms, transmit the appropriate sigA and continue in accordance with the relevant modem Recommendation. + +If neither CM nor a suitable sigC is detected during ANSam transmission, the DCE shall transmit no signal for $75 \pm 5$ ms and then continue in accordance with Annex A/V.32 *bis*, or ITU-T T.30 or other appropriate Recommendation. If not terminated by the receipt of CM or a suitable sigC, ANSam shall be transmitted for a period of $5 \pm 1$ s. + +### 8.2.3 JM transmission + +If the call function is available, JM shall be coded to indicate the same call function as CM. + +If the call function is not available, the answer DCE may indicate an available call function different from CM. If JM is sent, it shall include the same number of modulation category octets as CM and show zeros for all modulation modes. + +The PCM Modem availability category shall not be present. + +JM transmission shall continue until signal CJ is detected and all 3 octets of CJ have been received. In the case that CJ is not correctly received, other criteria may be used to terminate transmission of JM, such as detection of sigC corresponding to the selected modulation mode, or the absence of CM for a suitably long period of time. + +JM shall be terminated without any requirement to complete a current JM sequence. No signal shall be transmitted for a period $75 \pm 5$ ms, followed by sigA corresponding to the selected modulation mode. SigA and subsequent responses shall be as defined in the relevant V-series modem Recommendation. + +If the PCM Modem availability category is not contained in JM, and if JM shows zeros for all modulation category modulation modes, the answer DCE may disconnect on reception of CJ. + +# **9 DTE-DCE interchange circuits** + +During the V.8 procedure, there is no requirement for DTE-DCE communication, and the Recommendation does not provide for any such communication. The states of interchange circuits may therefore be determined by the procedures before and after the V.8 procedure. Optionally, procedures defined in V.251 may be used. + +# **10 Compatibility** + +Information categories and extension octets beyond those specified in clause 6 are all reserved for future definition by ITU-T. To be compatible with future versions of this Recommendation, a receiver shall ignore all bits, codes and octets reserved for such future definition. + +Implementors who wish to exchange proprietary information using V.8 shall do so via the non-standard information field described in 6.6. Any other proprietary extensions of the codes defined in clause 6 may prevent equipment from being compliant with future revisions of this Recommendation. + +## SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure and Internet protocol aspects | +| Series Z | Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3a58f68885c03bc2fb95bb409d68f7f55947475f --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:97adcbdebb3326a1af9817c0266d6c1cef088a8f97dc377b1e5fd01e721d14f7 +size 8269 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg b/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a739b027df33d7c8fa9cb8e19279dd74da53b3b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:280c51835c5b3a77c758cf53a1d7899e6ce1d0c67e767bf9306e73eb422cebfa +size 12643 diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/raw.md b/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/raw.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a5c4ea4728527320503071ad8d6772685288bb05 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.80-199608-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,1297 @@ + + +![ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU inside, and a lightning bolt striking the globe. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.80 + +(08/96) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Interfaces and voiceband modems + +--- + +**In-band DCE control and synchronous data +modes for asynchronous DTE** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.80 + +(Previously "CCITT Recommendation") + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK + +- | | +|--------------------------------------------| +| 1 – General | +| 2 – Interfaces and voiceband modems | +| 3 – Wide-band modems | +| 4 – Error control | +| 5 – Transmission quality and maintenance | +| 6 – Interworking with other networks | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +# FOREWORD + +The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993). + +ITU-T Recommendation V.80 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 14 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the 16th of August 1996. + +# --- NOTE + +1. In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. +2. The status of annexes and appendices attached to the Series V Recommendations should be interpreted as follows: + - an *annex* to a Recommendation forms an integral part of the Recommendation; + - an *appendix* to a Recommendation does not form part of the Recommendation and only provides some complementary explanation or information specific to that Recommendation. + +© ITU 1997 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | | Page | +|----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 | Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 | References..... | 2 | +| 3 | Definitions..... | 2 | +| 4 | Physical layer..... | 3 | +| | 4.1 Necessary serial interface circuits..... | 4 | +| | 4.2 Represented circuits..... | 4 | +| 5. | Serial port considerations..... | 4 | +| | 5.1 Serial port rate..... | 4 | +| | 5.2 Serial port rate when used in command state..... | 4 | +| | 5.3 Flow control interactions..... | 5 | +| | 5.4 Data stream errors..... | 5 | +| 6. | In-band control procedures..... | 5 | +| | 6.1 Basic mode transparency..... | 5 | +| | 6.2 In-band command execution..... | 6 | +| | 6.3 DTE-to-DCE data streams..... | 7 | +| | 6.4 DCE-to-DTE data streams..... | 7 | +| 7 | 7-bit in-band command definitions..... | 7 | +| | 7.1 V.24 status reporting..... | 7 | +| | 7.2 In-band commands sent by the DTE to DCE..... | 8 | +| | 7.3 In-band commands sent by the DCE to DTE..... | 9 | +| | 7.4 Extended in-band commands sent from DTE to DCE..... | 10 | +| | 7.5 Extended in-band commands sent from DCE to DTE..... | 11 | +| | 7.6 In-band service control..... | 13 | +| | 7.7 Overall service control..... | 14 | +| | 7.8 Individual status control..... | 14 | +| | 7.9 V.25 ter formatted syntax for control of in-band Control, +IBC..... | 14 | +| | 7.10 In-band MARK Idle Reporting Control, +IBM..... | 16 | +| 8 | 8-bit commands: Synchronous data modes..... | 17 | +| | 8.1 Synchronous modes enable..... | 18 | +| | 8.2 Synchronous access mode configuration..... | 20 | +| | 8.3 Synchronous Mode Indication..... | 22 | +| | 8.4 Transmit Flow Control Thresholds..... | 22 | +| | 8.5 Synchronous Access Mode In-Band Commands and Indications..... | 23 | +| | 8.6 Synchronous Mode Operation..... | 25 | +| | 8.7 Frame Tunnelling Mode Operation..... | 25 | +| | 8.8 Synchronous Access Mode Operation..... | 25 | +| | 8.9 Examples..... | 30 | +| | Appendix I – Configuring the DTE-DCE Interface in Synchronous Access Mode for Multimedia Applications ... | 31 | +| | I.1 Minimum DTE-DCE data signalling rate..... | 31 | +| | I.2 Flow control thresholds and buffer contents reporting..... | 31 | + +# IN-BAND DCE CONTROL AND SYNCHRONOUS DATA MODES FOR ASYNCHRONOUS DTE + +(Geneva, 1996) + +# 1 Scope + +Recommendations exist for DTE Control of DCE using serial data interchange and start-stop framing (Recommendations V.25 *bis*, V.25 *ter*). When user data is not being transferred, DTE commands and DCE responses are delivered on the same data paths used for user data, such as V.24 circuits 103 and 104. + +The above mentioned Recommendations use out-of-band mechanisms for control while user data is being transferred, such as V.24 circuits 108/2 and 109 for call control and status, and circuits 133 and 106 for flow control. All commands or status messages delivered on circuits 103 and 104 must be applied while user data transfer is suspended or terminated. + +In addition, Recommendation V.25 *ter* defines two modes of DCE operation while in Online Data State for use with DTE employing asynchronous, start-stop framing; namely, Direct Mode and Buffered Mode. In addition, Recommendations V.42 and V.42 *bis* define additions to Buffered Mode for error controlled and data compressed operation, respectively. + +This Recommendation is comprised of 6 elements: + +- It describes procedures for an asynchronous DTE and a DCE to exchange the state of V.24 circuits, whether or not leads for those circuits exist on the V.24 interface, by the use of in-band messages on circuits 103 and 104. A complete set of V.24 circuit leads are not available on all DTE, due to interface restrictions or DTE system software. +- It describes time-invariant procedures for an asynchronous DTE and a DCE to exchange sequences of continuous mark or space of extended length, by the use of in-band messages on circuits 103 and 104. Not all DTE are capable of generating and/or interpreting such sequences directly. +- It describes procedures for an asynchronous DTE and a DCE to exchange ordinary V.25 *ter* commands and indications while in Online Data State, by encapsulating such commands and indications within in-band messages on circuits 103 and 104. +- It describes procedures for an asynchronous DTE and a DCE to exchange commands and indications for signal converter control and hookswitch status while in Online Data State, by encapsulating such commands and indications within in-band messages on circuits 103 and 104. +- It describes procedures for a Frame Tunnelling Mode of DCE operation during Online Data State, whereby the DCE converts between asynchronous HDLC framing used by a local DTE employing start-stop framing, and synchronous HDLC framing used by the remote data station. +- It describes procedures for a Synchronous Access Mode of DCE operation during Online Data State, whereby an asynchronous DTE using start-stop framing can transmit and receive arbitrarily-formatted synchronous bitstreams on the GSTN. + +These procedures depend on the integrity of the data transfer path. It is preferred that the DTE-DCE link provide some means to prevent loss-of-data errors or other corruption of In-Band control information, or that the expected integrity of the link be such that this is deemed unnecessary. The specification of means to prevent loss-of-data is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. + +These procedures must be time-independent because inter-character delay time cannot be preserved in DTE containing multi-tasking software, large character buffers or intermediate data links (e.g. Local Area Networks). + +# 2 References + +The following Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- ITU-T Recommendation T.31 (1995), *Asynchronous facsimile DCE control – Service class 1*. +- ITU-T Recommendation T.32 (1995), *Asynchronous facsimile DCE control – Service class 2*. +- CCITT Recommendation V.4 (1988), *General structure of signals of International Alphabet No. 5 code for character oriented data transmission over public telephone networks*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.24 (1993), *List of definitions for interchange circuits between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE)*. +- CCITT Recommendation V.25 bis (1988), *Automatic calling and/or answering equipment on the General Switched Telephone Network (GSTN) using the 100-series interchange circuits*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.25 ter (1995), *Serial asynchronous automatic dialling and control*. +- ISO 2111:1985, *Data communication – Basic mode control procedures – Code independent information transfer*. +- CCITT Recommendation T.50 (1992), *International Reference Alphabet (IRA) (formerly International Alphabet No. 5 or IA5), Information technology – 7-bit coded character set for information interchange*. +- ISO/IEC 3309:1993, *Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – High-level data link control (HDLC) procedures – Frame structure*. + +# 3 Definitions + +For the purposes of this Recommendation, the following definitions and abbreviations apply. + +**3.1 command state:** In Command State, the DCE is not communicating with a remote station, and the DCE is ready to accept commands. Data signals from the DTE on circuit 103 are treated as commands and processed by the DCE, and DCE responses are sent to the DTE on circuit 104. The DCE enters this state upon power-up, and when a call is disconnected. + +**3.2 online command state:** In Online Command State, the DCE is communicating with a remote station, but treats signals from the DTE on circuit 103 as commands and sends responses to the DTE on circuit 104. Depending on the implementation, data received from the remote station during OnLine Command State may be either discarded or retained in the DCE until Online Data State is once again entered (from a DTE command). Data previously transmitted by the local DTE and buffered by the DCE may be transmitted from the buffer to the remote DCE during Online Command State, or it may be discarded or transmission deferred until Online Data State is once again entered. Online Command State may be entered from Online Data state by a mechanism defined in Recommendation V.25 ter, or a mechanism defined in this Recommendation, or by other manufacturer-defined means. + +**3.3 online data state:** In Online Data State, the DCE is communicating with a remote station. Data signals from the DTE circuit 103 are treated as data and transmitted to the remote station, and data signals received from the remote station are delivered to the DTE on circuit 104. Data and Control signals are monitored by the DCE to detect events such as loss of the remote station connection and DTE requests for disconnection or switching to Online Command State. Online Data State is entered by successful completion of a command to originate or answer a call, by automatically answering a call, or by DTE command to return to Online Data state from Online Command state. + +**3.4 in-band command:** An In-Band Command is a two or multiple character sequence, consisting of a data link escape Character followed by a command character. If the command character is followed by additional characters as defined in the command definition, this is an extended command; otherwise, it is a short command. Except for the escape character, all short or extended command characters are limited to the range of 20h to 7Eh and A0h to FEh. + +**3.5 in-band control circuit:** An In-Band Control Circuit is a logical V.24 circuit defined between DTE and DCE, but which is presented by one device to the other by means of In-Band Commands instead of (or in addition to) by means of physical out-of-band circuits. + +**3.6 hexadecimal coding:** In this Recommendation, hexadecimal coding is used. Hexadecimal is base-16, with the first six letters of the Roman alphabet (A-F) used to represent the digit values 10-15, in addition to the numerals 0-9 used for their traditional digit values. A single hexadecimal digit represents a four-bit binary number; two consecutive hexadecimal digits represent an 8-bit number, with the first digit representing the 4 most significant bits, and the second digit representing the 4 least significant bits. + +In this Recommendation, two hexadecimal digits are followed by the lower case “h” to indicate hexadecimal notation. For example, 5Dh represents 0101 1101 in binary, or 93 in decimal, or 5/13 in T.50 character notation. + +**3.7 break:** In this Recommendation, Break refers to extended periods of constant logic-zero on V.24 circuit 103 or circuit 104. + +**3.8 mark idle:** In this Recommendation, Mark Idle refers to extended periods of constant logic-one on V.24 circuit 103 or circuit 104. + +**3.9 synchronous mode:** Mode of data transmission whereby the V.24 circuits 103 (TD) and 104 (RD) transfer data synchronously at the modem-to-line interface rate, using V.24 circuits 113 or 114 for transmitter bit timing, and circuit 115 for receiver bit timing. The modem does not buffer data in either direction, nor does it implement flow control. + +**3.10 frame tunnelling mode:** Mode of data transmission whereby the V.24 circuits 103 (TD) and 104 (RD) transfer HDLC frame data asynchronously, using the start/stop transparency procedures specified in ISO/IEC 3309. Data transmission between DCEs uses the synchronous transmission procedures specified in ISO/IEC 3309. In each direction, the DCE converts the HDLC frames between the two formats. This mode allows existing DTEs using start/stop transparency (e.g. Recommendation T.123), to take advantage of the higher throughput afforded by synchronous transmission. + +**3.11 synchronous access mode:** Mode of data transmission whereby start-stop framed data octets from V.24 circuit 103 are stripped of the start and stop bits and concatenated for transmission to the remote DCE. The synchronous bitstream from the remote DCE is divided into octets and transmitted to the local DTE on V.24 circuit 104 with start and stop bits inserted. Flow control is available to allow the DTE-DCE octet transfer rate to be matched to that of the line without buffer underrun or overrun. While in this mode, operation may be alternated between a Transparent sub-Mode where no additional bit processing is done by the DCE, and Framed sub-Mode where bit-oriented synchronous protocol framing is performed by the DCE. + +**3.12 transparent sub-mode:** Generic Synchronous Access Mode for unspecified DCE-DCE protocols. The transmitted bitstream is as specified by the DTE, using the EM-shielding procedures specified here. All received bits are delivered to the DTE, including constant mark idle (ones). + +**3.13 framed sub-mode:** Synchronous Access Mode whereby the DCE performs certain bit-processing functions in support of specific DCE-DCE protocols. Bit-oriented processing includes ISO/IEC 3309 procedures for flag transparency via zero insertion, and CRCs may be generated and checked. + +# 4 Physical layer + +Procedures defined in this Recommendation are useful on interfaces based on bit-serial data interchange, and on other digital interfaces. This Recommendation is referenced to start-stop framed bit-serial interfaces that implement V.24 logical circuits. For other interfaces, a bi-directional character-serial channel is required. + +## 4.1 Necessary serial interface circuits + +DCEs complying with this Recommendation will function properly if only these circuits are connected or implemented. + +| Circuit | Description | +|----------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 102 | Signal Common – Connection of this circuit is required for proper recognition of signals on other circuits.

NOTE – This is needed for electrical interchange; it may not be needed for certain physical interfaces. | +| 103 | Transmitted Data – While in the command state, data signals are processed by the DCE and not transmitted to the remote station. In Data State, data signals are processed to detect In-Band Commands; otherwise, data signals are passed to signal converters and optional error control functions. | +| 104 | Received Data – While in the command state, data received from the remote station is buffered or ignored, and the DCE delivers responses to the DTE on this circuit. In data state, the DCE may deliver In-Band Commands to the DTE, if enabled by the DTE. | + +## 4.2 Represented circuits + +The following V.24 physical circuits may be represented by In-Band character sequences described in this Recommendation. When so configured, the In-Band circuit shall be used by the receiving device in place of the corresponding physical circuit. + +It is preferred that the sending device should present the same information on the physical circuit as it presents on the In-Band circuit, if these physical circuits are available. + +| | | +|-------|--------------------------------------------| +| 105 | Request to send | +| 106 | Ready for sending | +| 107 | Data set ready | +| 108/2 | Data terminal ready | +| 109 | Data channel received line signal detector | +| 125 | Calling indicator | +| 132 | Return to non-data mode | +| 133 | Ready for receiving | +| 142 | Test Indicator | + +# 5 Serial port considerations + +## 5.1 Serial port rate + +The procedures defined in this Recommendation may be used at any bit-serial port rate supported by DTE and DCE. However, for any in-band command or indication, the serial port rate shall be fixed during its transmission. Means to determine the serial port rate is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. (see +IPR, Recommendation V.25 *ter*). + +## 5.2 Serial port rate when used in command state + +Subclause 4.3/V.25 *ter* describes a DCE which can automatically detect the serial port rate for new command lines during Command State; this is called 'autobauding'. + +If operating in Command State, the DTE shall send In-Band commands at the same serial port rate used in the most recently received valid command line. In-Band command shall not be embedded between the leading "A" (41h) or "a" (61h) command line prefix character and the next subsequent character in the command line prefix, e.g. "T" (54h), "t" (74h) or "/" (2Fh). The DCE must be capable of detecting in-band commands in addition to new command lines. + +If operating in Command State, the DCE shall send In-Band commands at the same serial port rate used in the most recently received valid command line. The DTE must be capable of detecting In-Band commands in addition to other DCE responses. + +NOTE – It is assumed that the DTE defaults with In-Band Commands disabled, so that an AT command is needed to enable In-Band Commands; that AT command will set the default serial port rate thereafter. + +## 5.3 Flow control interactions + +There are several different mechanisms defined for flow control in asynchronous DCE. The definition of these means is beyond the scope of this Recommendation (see +IFC, Recommendation V.25 *ter*). + +If the procedures defined in clause 7 for 7-bit codes are enabled to represent the standard serial interface flow control circuits (106 and 133), and if the DCE is configured for 106Dh3 flow control, then these in-band control circuits could be used for flow control. + +If the Synchronous Access Mode procedures defined in 8.8 are enabled for Online Data State, DC1 and DC3 characters in the data stream are shielded, so DC1/DC3 flow control may be used, if so enabled by the +IFC command. + +## 5.4 Data stream errors + +On serial interchange data circuits (103 and 104), In-Band commands are subject to the same errors as bearer data. Corruption or loss-of-data has serious adverse consequences, since the control information is presented as a transient string rather than as a static physical circuit. Corrupted In-Band Commands will be lost; corrupted data can result in erroneous detection of In-Band commands. In either case, communications system failure is a probable result. + +If the DTE-DCE interface is subject to errors, provisions should be made to ensure reliable system operation. For example, for V.24 circuit status, DTE or DCE may send repeated in-band commands to represent a static circuit condition, to increase chances of successful detection. A data link protocol may also be used, such as clause 9/T.32. + +# 6 In-band control procedures + +In common DCE with ACE (Recommendation V.25 *bis*, Recommendation V.25 *ter*) the DCE expects commands from the DTE only while in a defined command state. + +DCEs conforming to this Recommendation include the ability to recognize and accept DTE commands which are embedded in user data delivered on V.24 circuit 103, and include the ability to generate DCE commands and status messages to the DTE, embedded in user data on V.24 circuit 104. These features are controlled by a DTE command, defined in clause 7. + +The procedure defined in this Recommendation for representing these in-band commands is based on Basic Mode Transparency, defined in ISO Standard 2111, although a different escape character is used. + +## 6.1 Basic mode transparency + +### 6.1.1 Character set + +The character set used to build valid in-band commands is the set: + +20hh - 7Eh    7- or 8-bit characters. + +A0h - FEh    8-bit characters. + +Recommendation V.25 *ter* allows both 7- and 8-bit characters to be used at the DTE-DCE interface; see the +ICF command definition in that Recommendation. When 7-bit characters are used, the range of allowable command characters is necessarily restricted. Valid 7-bit command characters are defined in clause 7, for use during both Command State and Online Data State. When 8-bit characters are used, additional command characters are potentially available for use in Online Data State; these are defined in clause 8 and are used during Synchronous Access Mode. + +### 6.1.2 In-band escape character + +The escape character for in-band commands is the “EM” character, which has a hexadecimal value of 19h. In 8-bit systems, the 8th bit (bit 27) may be zero or one and is ignored; the character may thus have the value 19h or 99h. + +NOTE – Throughout the remainder of this Recommendation, the escape character is denoted mnemonically as . + +### 6.1.3 Basic in-band command structure + +Basic in-band commands consist of followed by a single valid command character. Tables 1 and 2 list defined basic in-band commands for 7-bit codes; Table 9 lists additional defined commands for 8-bit codes that are used during Synchronous Access Mode. + +### 6.1.4 7-bit extended in-band command structure + +Extended in-band commands consist of: + +- +- a valid command character defined as an extend command (see Tables 1 and 2); +- a valid length byte; +- 1 to 95 additional valid characters, specified by the length byte. + +The length value ranges from 20h to 7Eh, offset by 31 decimal (1Fh). + +### 6.1.5 in data + +For transparency, in-band commands for each direction are used to represent instances of user data with the same ordinal value as (19h or 99h). For the 7-bit command characters defined in clause 7, four transparency commands are defined. One in-band command represents the instance of a single 19h character, and the second represents a pair of 19h characters. For use when 8-bit character framing is in use, the third represents a single 99h 8-bit character, and the fourth represents a pair of 99h characters. + +The Synchronous Access Mode procedures defined in clause 8 mandate the use of 8-bit character framing, so additional 8-bit transparency commands are available. These commands provide for transparency of DC1 and DC3 characters in data (to allow DC1/DC3 flow control to be used), and provide transparency for all 2-character combinations of 19h, 99h, DC1 and DC3. + +### 6.1.6 Invalid in-band command recovery + +An Invalid In-Band Command contains an invalid characters, other than those defined in 6.1.1 above. If an Invalid character is detected while parsing an In-Band Command, the receiver shall take three actions: + +- send an Error Signal Command Indication In-Band Command to the sender; +- send the invalid character as bearer data; +- abandon the parsing and execution of the Invalid command. + +## 6.2 In-band command execution + +Unless specified otherwise, commands are executed in sequence with data delivery. For example, in a DCE with a buffer, a string of data could be received which contained an in-band command to insert a Break; the Break signal is inserted in sequence with the data. If the same stream contained an in-band command to escape to command state (AT+IBC=,,,1,, and AT&D1 set), that command is executed after the preceding data had been processed and delivered but before the data following the command is delivered. + +The entire in-band command sequence shall be processed as commands, or discarded if unrecognized (e.g. commands defined by manufacturers or by future revisions of this Recommendation). + +In-band commands that implement local flow control shall be extracted, recognized and executed independent of the user data stream. + +## **6.3 DTE-to-DCE data streams** + +If enabled by the DTE, the DCE shall: process user data received on Circuit 103; recognize in-band commands; remove those in-band commands from the user data; and execute them if possible. + +## **6.4 DCE-to-DTE data streams** + +If enabled by the DTE, the DCE shall generate in-band commands and insert them into user data delivered to the DTE on circuit 104. The DTE shall: process user data received on Circuit 104; recognize in-band commands; remove those in-band commands from the user data, and execute them if possible. + +# **7 7-bit in-band command definitions** + +This clause defines In-Band commands that may be used during both Command State and Online Data State. Since both 7- and 8-bit character framing may be used, and in particular the character framing in Command State may dynamically change as a result of auto detection (see +ICF, Recommendation V.25 *ter*), only 7-bit codes may be used for those commands that may be received in Command State. Four sets of 7-bit in-band commands are defined. Subclause 7.2 defines commands sent from the DTE to the DCE; subclause 7.3 defines commands sent from the DCE to the DTE. Subclause 7.4 defines extended commands sent from the DTE to the DCE. Subclause 7.5 defines extended command from the DCE to the DTE. + +In-Band Commands with values of 40h to 7Eh are reserved for use in this Recommendation. Values from 20h to 3Fh are reserved for manufacturers' use. Values from 40h to 5Fh are reserved for DTE-to-DCE control; values from 60h to 7Eh are reserved for DCE-to-DTE control. + +## **7.1 V.24 status reporting** + +### **7.1.1 DCE status reporting to the DTE** + +If enabled by the DTE, the DCE shall report the state of the selected V.24 circuits and other Status states to the DTE by delivering the corresponding in-band command commands, in order of the ordinal value of the character. + +For each State, the DCE shall generate these reports when any of the following events occur: + +- a) The DTE issues an poll command to the DCE. +- b) While reporting for this state is enabled, and the State changes; for example, if the DTE has set AT+IBC=,,,1 and if the DCE detects a valid data carrier and turns ON Circuit 109, it shall then send <109on> (19h, 67h) to the DTE. + +### **7.1.2 DTE status reporting to the DCE** + +If configured by the DTE, the DTE shall report the state of the selected V.24 circuits and other Status states to the DCE by delivering the corresponding in-band commands. These in-band commands shall be presented to the DTE in order of the character. + +For each State, the DTE should generate these reports when any of the following events occur: + +- a) The DCE sends a poll command (; 19h,7Eh) to the DTE. +- b) While reporting for this state is enabled, and the State changes; for example, if the DTE had set AT+IBC=,,,1 and if the DTE turns ON Circuit 108, it should then send <108on> (19h, 45h) to the DCE. + +## 7.2 In-band commands sent by the DTE to DCE + +The DCE shall interpret the lower seven bits of an In-Band Command sent by the DTE as defined in Table 1. The least significant bit is the first delivered on circuit 103 (see Recommendation V.4). + +The following commands are defined as in the sequence: <19h> . + +TABLE 1/V.80 + +**DTE-to-DCE command definitions** + +| Command | Hex codes | DCE interpretation | +|------------------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | <00h> to <1Fh> | (Not used, ignored by DCE) | +|

| <20h> | The DCE shall decode this as a sequence of 3 + ( - 1Fh) characters. The meaning of is manufacturer specific | +| | <21h> to <2Fh> | The DCE shall decode these as manufacturer specific commands | +| | <30h> to <3Fh> | Reserved | +|

| <40h>... | The DCE shall decode this as a sequence of 3 + ( - 1Fh) characters; see 7.4 | +|

| <41h>... | The DCE shall decode this as a sequence of 3 + ( - 1Fh) characters; see 7.4 | +| <105off>
<105on> | <42h>
<43h> | Circuit 105 is OFF
Circuit 105 is ON | +| <108off>
<108on> | <44h>
<45h> | Circuit 108 is OFF
Circuit 108 is ON | +| <133off>
<133on> | <46h>
<47h> | Circuit 133 is OFF
Circuit 133 is ON | +| | <48h> to <57h> | Reserved | +|
| <58h>
<59h> | The DCE shall decode this as one <99h> in user data
The DCE shall decoded this as <99h><99h> in user data | +|
| <5Ah>
<5Bh> | DCE shall decode this as a command to suspend sending In-Band Commands to the DTE
The DCE shall decode this as permission to resume sending In-Band Commands to the DTE | +|
| <5Ch>
<5Dh> | The DCE shall decode this as one <19h> in user data
The DCE shall decoded this as <19h><19h> in user data | +| | <5Eh> | The DCE shall decode this as a command to deliver a complete set of status commands, one for each circuit or other function supported and enabled. The DCE shall deliver these commands in ascending ordinal order | +| | <5Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <60h> to <7Eh> | Reserved | +| | <7Fh> | (Not used, ignored by DCE) | + +## 7.3 In-band commands sent by the DCE to DTE + +The DCE shall determine the states of the seven bits of an in-band command sent to the DTE as defined in Table 2. The least significant bit is the first delivered on circuit 104 (see Recommendation V.4). + +The following commands are defined as in the sequence: <19h> . + +TABLE 2/V.80 + +### DCE-to-DTE command definitions + +| Command | Hex codes | DCE meaning/DTE interpretation | +|-------------------------------------------|----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | <00h> to <1Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <20h> to <2Fh> | Reserved | +|

| <30h> | The DCE shall encode this as a sequence of 3 + ( - 1Fh) characters. The meaning of is manufacturer specific | +| | <31h> to <3Fh> | The DCE shall encode these as manufacturer specific commands | +| | <40h> to <5Eh> | Reserved | +| | <5Fh> | (Not used) | +|

| <60h>... | The DCE shall encode this as a sequence of 3 + ( - 1Fh) characters; see 7.5 | +|

| <61h>... | The DCE shall encode this as a sequence of 3 + ( - 1Fh) characters; see 7.5 | +| <106off>
<106on> | <62h>
<63h> | Circuit 106 is OFF
Circuit 106 is ON | +| <107off>
<107on> | <64h>
<65h> | Circuit 107 is OFF
Circuit 107 is ON | +| <109off>
<109on> | <66h>
<67h> | Circuit 109 is OFF
Circuit 109 is ON | +| <110off>
<110on> | <68h>
<69h> | Circuit 110 is OFF
Circuit 110 is ON | +| <125off>
<125on> | <6Ah>
<6Bh> | Circuit 125 is OFF
Circuit 125 is ON | +| <132off>
<132on> | <6Ch>
<6Dh> | Circuit 132 is OFF
Circuit 132 is ON | +| <142off>
<142on> | <6Eh>
<6Fh> | Circuit 142 is OFF
Circuit 142 is ON | +| | <70h> to <75h> | Reserved | +|
| <76h>
<77h> | The DCE shall encode this as one <99h> in user data
The DCE shall encoded this as <99h><99h> in user data | +|
| <78h>
<79h> | Line status is ONLINE (off hook)
Line status is OFFLINE (on hook) | +|
| <7Ah>
<7Bh> | The DCE shall encode this as a command to the DTE to suspend sending In-Band Commands to the DCE
The DCE shall encode this as a command to the DTE to resume sending In-Band Commands to the DCE | +|
| <7Ch>
<7Dh> | The DCE shall encode this as one <19h> in user data
The DCE shall encoded this as <19h><19h> in user data | +| | <7Eh> | The DCE shall encode this as a command to the DTE to deliver a complete set of commands, one for each circuit or other function supported by the DTE. Commands shall be delivered in ascending ordinal order | +| | <7Fh> | (Not used) | + +## 7.4 Extended in-band commands sent from DTE to DCE + +The DCE shall interpret the lower seven bits of an extended in-band command sent by the DTE as defined in Table 3. Bit 0 is the first bit delivered on circuit 103 (see Recommendation V.4). + +The following extended commands are defined, as in the sequences: + +<19h><20h> + +<19h><40h> + +<19h><41h> + +TABLE 3/V.80 + +**DTE-to-DCE extended command definitions** + +| Extended-0 command | Hexadecimal codes | DCE interpretation | +|--------------------|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------| +| | <00h> to <1Fh> | (Not used, ignored by DCE) | +| | <20h> to <2Fh> | The DCE shall decode these as manufacturer specific commands | +| | <30h> to <3Fh> | Reserved | +| | <40h> | BREAK signal (space idle), see 7.4.1 | +| | <41h> | MARK idle, see 7.4.2 | +| | <42h> | CONTROL Command line, see 7.4.3 | +| | <43h> to <5Eh> | Reserved | +| | <5Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <60h> to <61h> | Reserved | +| | <62h> | Reserved | +| | <63h> to <7Eh> | Reserved | +| | <7Fh> | (Not used, ignored by DCE) | +| Extended-1 command | Hexadecimal codes | DCE interpretation | +| | <00h> to <1Fh> | (Not used, ignored by DCE) | +| | <20h> to <2Fh> | The DCE shall decode these as manufacturer specific commands | +| | <30h> to <3Fh> | Reserved | +| | <40h> to <47h> | Reserved | +| | <48h> to <5Eh> | Reserved for future expansion | +| | <5Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <60h> to <7Eh> | Reserved | +| | <7Fh> | (Not used, ignored by DCE) | + +### 7.4.1 BREAK Command + +The DTE may encode a BREAK signal using an IN-Band BREAK Command. A BREAK signal is a sequence of constant logic 0, or SPACE Idle. The BREAK command specifies the length of the SPACE Idle sequence in units of 10 milliseconds. The first character of the extended command String is 40h. The remaining characters are the duration of the Space Idle, presented as a hexadecimal number, with the least significant digit first. For example, a BREAK of 4 second (4000 milliseconds) would be encoded by the DTE using a Break command with duration = 188h (400 decimal) as shown: + +<19h> = + +<40h> = command + +<23h> = , 23h - 1Fh = 4 = size of Extended command string + +<40h> = BREAK command + +<38h> = LSD of Break sequence duration, in 10 millisecond units + +<38h> = Middle digit of Break sequence duration, in 160 millisecond units + +<31h> = MSD of Break sequence duration, in 2560 millisecond units. + +### 7.4.2 MARK Idle Command + +The DTE may encode a MARK Idle sequence with an IN-Band MARK Command. A MARK is logic 1. Some DCE and DTE use periods of MARK idle for control (e.g. Guard Time). The MARK command specifies the length of the MARK Idle sequence in units of 10 milliseconds. The first character of the Extended Command String is 41h. The remaining characters are the duration of the MARK Idle, presented as a hexadecimal number, with the least significant digit first. For example, a MARK Idle of 1 second (64h, 100 decimal) would be encoded by the DTE as shown: + +<19h> = + +<40h> = command + +<22h> = , 22h - 1Fh = 3 = size of Extended command string + +<41h> = MARK command + +<34h> = LSD of MARK sequence duration, in 10 millisecond units + +<36h> = MSD of MARK sequence duration, in 160 millisecond units + +### 7.4.3 CONTROL extended in-band command + +The DTE may deliver V.25 *ter* commands using the CONTROL command. The first character is 42h; the remaining characters are the command line string that would otherwise be delivered between the opening “AT” (or “at”) command line prefix and the terminating or characters. More than one command may be encoded in CONTROL extended command, but the Extended Command String shall not exceed the DCE’s command line buffer length; the minimum required for a V.25 *ter*-compliant DCE is 40 characters. An example, the encoding of the CONTROL command line “ATX0Y1Z3” would be encoded by the DTE as shown: + +<19h> = + +<40h> = + +<26h> = , 26h - 1Fh = 7 = size of Extended command string + +<42h> = + +<58h><30h> = “X0” + +<59h> <31h> = “Y1 ” + +<5Ah><33h> = “Z3” + +## 7.5 Extended in-band commands sent from DCE to DTE + +The DCE shall determine the states of the seven bits of an Extended In-Band Command sent to the DCE as defined in Table 4. Bit 0 is the first bit delivered on circuit 104 (see Recommendation V.4). + +The following Extended Commands are defined, as in the sequences: + +<19h><30h> + +<19h><60h> + +<19h><61h> + +TABLE 4/V.80 + +### **DCE-to-DTE extended command definitions** + +| Extended-0 command | Hexadecimal codes | DTE interpretation | +|--------------------|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------| +| | <00h> to <1Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <20h> to <2Fh> | Reserved | +| | <30h> to <3Fh> | The DCE shall encode these as manufacturer specific commands | +| | <40h> to <41h> | Reserved | +| | <42h> | Reserved | +| | <43h> to <5Eh> | Reserved | +| | <5Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <60h> | BREAK signal (space idle), see 7.5.1 | +| | <61h> | MARK idle, see 7.5.2 | +| | <62h> | Status Report, see 7.5.3 | +| | <63h> to <7Eh> | Reserved | +| | <7Fh> | (Not used) | +| Extended-1 command | Hexadecimal codes | DTE interpretation | +| | <00h> to <1Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <20h> to <2Fh> | Reserved | +| | <30h> to <3Fh> | The DCE shall encode these as manufacturer specific commands | +| | <40h> to <41h> | Reserved | +| | <42h> to <43h> | Reserved | +| | <44h> to <5Eh> | Reserved | +| | <5Fh> | (Not used) | +| | <60h> to <67h> | Reserved | +| | <68h> to <7Eh> | Reserved | +| | <7Fh> | (Not used) | + +### **7.5.1 BREAK Command** + +The DCE may encode a BREAK signal using an IN-Band BREAK Command. A BREAK signal is a sequence of constant logic 0, or SPACE Idle. The BREAK command specifies the length of the SPACE Idle sequence in units of 10 milliseconds. The first character of the Extended Command String is 60h. The remaining characters are the duration of the Space Idle, presented as a hexadecimal number, with the least significant digit first. For example, a received BREAK of 100 milliseconds (0Ah, 10 decimal) would be represented by the string: <19h><60h><21h><60h><41h>, encoded by the DCE as shown: + +<19h> = + +<60h> = command + +<21h> = , 21h - 1 Fh = 2 = size of Extended command string + +<60h> = BREAK command + +<41h> = LSD of Break sequence duration, in 10 millisecond units + +**7.5.2 MARK Idle Command** + +The DCE may encode a Mark Idle sequence with an In-Band MARK Command. A MARK is logic 1. Some DCE and DTE use periods of MARK idle for control. The MARK command specifies the length of the MARK Idle sequence in units of 10 milliseconds. The first character of the Extended Command String is 61h. The remaining characters are the duration of the MARK Idle, presented as a hexadecimal number, with the least significant digit first. For example, a MARK Idle of 1 second (64h, 100 decimal) would be represented by the string: <19h><60h><22h><61h><34h><36h>, encoded by the DCE as shown: + +<19h> = + +<60h> = command + +<22h> = , 22h - 1Fh = 3 = size of Extended command string + +<61h> = MARK command + +<34h> = LSD of MARK sequence duration, in 10 millisecond units + +<36h> = MSD of MARK sequence duration, in 160 millisecond units + +**7.5.3 STATUS report extended in-band command** + +The DCE, if conditioned by the DTE, may report intermediate status reports, including any information text or result codes, using the STATUS command. The first character is 62h; the remaining characters are the status report, without the trailing or characters. If the report would need more than one printed line, each line shall be encoded with a separate STATUS report in-band command. An example, the encoding of the STATUS "+GCAP: +MS,+ES,+DS,+MV18SOK", sent in response to an in-band +GCAP command, would be encoded by the DCE as shown: + +| | | +|--------------------------------|----------------| +| <19h><60h> | | +| <3Eh> | | +| <62h> | | +| <2Bh><47h><43h><41h><50h><3Ah> | "+GCAP: | +| <20h><2Bh><4Dh><53h><2Ch> | +MS, | +| <2Bh><45h><53h><2Ch> | +ES, | +| <2Bh><44h><53h><2Ch> | +DS, | +| <2Bh><4Dh><56h><31h><38h><53h> | +MV18S | +| | | +| <19h><60h> | | +| <24h> | | +| <62h> | | +| <4Fh><4Bh> | OK" | + +**7.6 In-band service control** + +The DCE shall support two compound parameters to control 7-bit code in-band services. +IBC controls overall service and In-Band lead reporting. +IBM controls Mark Idle reporting. + +**Recommendation V.80 (08/96)**      13 + +## 7.7 Overall service control + +This subclause defines three control states the DCE may take with respect to the In-Band Control service for both circuits 103 and 104: + +- 1) disabled; +- 2) 7-bit command characters enabled, 8th bit ignored; and +- 3) 7-bit command characters enabled, 8th bit significant. + +This is controlled by the first subparameter, . + +If 7-bit only command characters are enabled by =1, then if 8-bit character framing is being used on the DTE-DCE interface, the high order bit of the command characters (27) shall be ignored, i.e. command characters received with the high order bit set are considered equivalent to those received with the high order bit reset. + +If 7-bit command characters are enabled by =2, then if 8-bit character framing is being used on the DTE-DCE interface, additional command character definitions are possible that do not conflict with the commands defined in this clause, by setting the high order bit. Such commands are defined in clause 8 and are enabled independently by procedures described therein. Command characters received with the high order bit set in Command State, or in Online Data State outside of the Synchronous Access Mode procedures, shall be ignored. + +## 7.8 Individual status control + +The DCE and the DTE define Status States, for each V.24 circuit supported and for any other Status condition supported (e.g. line connection status). For each of these Status States, the device (DTE or DCE) shall maintain a Reporting State, which controls whether that Status is reported. + +Subparameters from the +IBC compound parameter control the reporting of each In-Band circuit. These are described in Table 5. + +The default state for each Reporting State should be OFF (0); each State should require an explicit command to enable reports. For example, after an AT+IBC=,,,1 command, the DCE will report Circuit 109 status by an In-Band command only once; additional reports require a DTE command or a change in the status of circuit 109 (e.g. the DCE detects Data Carrier). + +## 7.9 V.25 *ter* formatted syntax for control of in-band Control, +IBC + +The DCE shall maintain a compound parameter which implements the service control switch (see 7.6) and the individual reporting control switches. + +In the following format definitions, the symbol (e.g. <109>) signifies the subparameter that controls the in-band reporting of the corresponding V.24 circuit. + +### 7.9.1 Set the in-band service controls, +IBC= + +Format: + ++IBC=,<105>,<106>,<107>,<108>,<109>,<110>,<125>,<132>,<133>,<135>,<142>, + +Valid values: see Table 5. + +Mandatory values: If implemented in the DCE, 0,1,2 for ; 0 other subparameters. + +Default settings: 0 for all parameters. + +### 7.9.2 Read the current in-band service settings, +IBC? + +Format: +IBC? + +DCE response: + ++IBC: ,<105>,<106>,<107>,<108>,<109>,<110>,<125>,<132>,<133>,<135>,<142>, + +### 7.9.3 Test supported in-band service settings, +IBC=? + +Format: +IBC=? + +DCE response: + ++IBC: (0-2),(supported ckt. 105 report enable/disable values),(supported ckt. 106 report enable/disable values), ... + +Example response, for a DCE that supports reporting all values: + ++IBC: (0-2),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1) + +NOTE – The DCE shall return “ERROR” if none of the in-band commands defined in clause 7 are supported. + +### 7.9.4 Subparameter definitions + +TABLE 5/V.80 + +#### +IBC subparameter definitions + +| +IBC setting | Description | +|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| +IBC=0,,,,,
+IBC=1,,,,,
+IBC=2,,,,, | In-Band Control Service Disabled
In-Band Control Service Enabled, 7-bit codes only allowed (Tables 1.2), i.e. high-order bit not significant
In-Band Control Service Enabled, 7-bit codes (Tables 1.2) allowed, and 8-bit codes available, i.e. high-order bit significant (see clause 8) | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DTE circuit 105 reports Disabled
DTE circuit 105 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DCE circuit 106 reports Disabled
DCE circuit 106 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DCE circuit 107 reports Disabled
DCE circuit 107 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DTE circuit 108 reports Disabled
DTE circuit 108 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DCE circuit 109 reports Disabled
DCE circuit 109 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DTE circuit 110 reports Disabled
DTE circuit 110 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DCE circuit 125 reports Disabled
DCE circuit 125 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,1,,,,,
+IBC=,0,,,,, | DTE circuit 132 reports Disabled
DTE circuit 132 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,1,,,,,
+IBC=,0,,,,, | DTE circuit 133 reports Disabled
DTE circuit 133 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,1,,,,,
+IBC=,0,,,,, | DTE circuit 135 reports Disabled
DTE circuit 135 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,1,,,,,
+IBC=,0,,,,, | DTE circuit 142 reports Disabled
DTE circuit 142 reports Enabled | +| +IBC=,0,,,,,
+IBC=,1,,,,, | DCE line connect status reports Disabled
DCE line connect status reports Enabled | + +NOTE – Eight-bit command codes are defined in clause 8, and are enabled independently by the Synchronous Access Mode configuration commands defined therein. These 8-bit codes cannot be used simultaneously with =1, as the DCE would interpret received command codes with the high order bit set as 7-bit codes. + +## 7.10 In-band MARK Idle Reporting Control, +IBM + +If enabled, a DCE shall report a sufficiently long Mark-Idle interval with one or more In-Band Mark Idle reports (see 7.5.2). The DCE shall maintain timers used to control the reporting of Mark Idle periods, and a control setting to determine the use of these timers. + +### 7.10.1 Mark Idle period intervals + +A Mark Idle period may be modelled by three intervals, Minimum, Repeat and Final. These are illustrated in Figure 1: + +![Figure 1/V.80: Mark Idle intervals diagram. A horizontal timeline shows the sequence of events. It starts with two 'character' boxes. After the second character, a horizontal line represents the Mark Idle period. This period is divided into three segments: 'minimum, T1', 'repeat, T2', and 'repeat, T2'. The final segment is labeled 'final, T3'. The timeline ends with a 'character' box.](523ab7b925beb555f88b2e1e1336974f_img.jpg) + +The diagram illustrates the Mark Idle intervals. It shows a sequence of characters and the corresponding Mark Idle periods. The first character is followed by a second character. The period between them is the 'minimum' interval, controlled by timer T1. This is followed by one or more 'repeat' intervals, each controlled by timer T2. The period ends with a 'final' interval, controlled by timer T3, which concludes with a new character. + +Figure 1/V.80: Mark Idle intervals diagram. A horizontal timeline shows the sequence of events. It starts with two 'character' boxes. After the second character, a horizontal line represents the Mark Idle period. This period is divided into three segments: 'minimum, T1', 'repeat, T2', and 'repeat, T2'. The final segment is labeled 'final, T3'. The timeline ends with a 'character' box. + +FIGURE 1/V.80 + +**Mark Idle intervals** + +**Minimum Interval:** the minimum interval begins with the receipt of the last complete character, and ends with the expiration of the minimum duration timer, T1. + +**Repeat Interval:** the second interval begins with the expiration of the T1 timer, and ends with the expiration of the second interval timer, T2. + +**Final Interval:** the final interval begins with the expiration of either T1 or T2, and ends with the receipt of a new character; define this as T3. + +**Total Interval:** the sum of the minimum interval, zero or more repeat intervals, and a final interval. + +### 7.10.2 Set Mark-Idle Report Controls + +Syntax: + ++IBM=[][, [][, []]] + +Description: + +Subparameter specifies how Mark Idle reports shall be generated. Valid values of are defined in Table 6. + +Decimal coded subparameters and specify the Minimum and Repeat intervals, in units of 10 milliseconds. + +### 7.10.3 Read the Current In-Band Mark Idle Settings, +IBM? + +Format: +IBM? + +DCE response: + ++IBM:,, + +Example response, for a DCE set-up to report the Mark Idle periods exceeding a second, and then on subsequent repetitions of 10 seconds, would report: + ++IBM:3,100,1000 + +TABLE 6/V.80 + +#### **Mark Idle control selections** + +| | Description | +|-------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | no reports | +| 1 | report only once when expires | +| 2 | report each time expires | +| 3 | report once when expires, and then each time expires | +| 4 | report only when the Mark-Idle Period ends; T3 = the entire interval | +| 5 | report the first time when is exceeded, and then once more when the mark idle period ends | +| 6 | report each time when is exceeded, and then once more when the mark idle period ends; T3 = entire interval – N*T2 | +| 7 | report the first time when is exceeded, and then each time is exceeded, and then once more when the mark idle period ends; T3 = entire mark idle period – N*T2 - T1 | + +### **7.10.4 Test Supported In-Band Mark Idle Settings, +IBM=?** + +Format: +IBM=? + +DCE response: + ++ IBM:(range of mic values),(range of T1 values),(range of T2 values) + +Example response, for a DCE that supports 8-bit timers: + ++IBM:(0-7),(0-255),(0-255) + +NOTE – The DCE shall return “ERROR” if Mark Idle Reporting is not supported. + +# **8 8-bit commands: Synchronous data modes** + +This clause defines 8-bit command characters, which are used to implement optional synchronous data modes for V-Series DCE controlled by asynchronous V.25 *ter* commands. It includes an optional Synchronous Access Mode, which encompasses mechanisms to support multimedia services (e.g. Recommendation H.324) on a DTE equipped with an asynchronous-only serial port. It specifies: + +- a) means to select synchronous modes; +- b) means to indicate synchronous modes; +- c) means to control flow control thresholds; +- d) in-band means to control bit-processing in the DCE; +- e) in-hand means to control signal converter operation after connection. + +These means allow a DTE to implement standard or proprietary data link protocols, such as: + +- Recommendation H.223 (multimedia terminal multiplex layer). +- Recommendation V.76 (digital simultaneous voice and data multiplex layer). +- Recommendation V.42 (with detection phase). +- Annex C/T.30. +- Annex F/T.30. +- Recommendation Q.922. + +## 8.1 Synchronous modes enable + +The synchronous modes are enabled by additional parameter values in the +ES V.25 *ter* command. Enabling Synchronous Access Mode enables the use of the 8-bit command characters defined in Table 9, independent of the enabling of the 7-bit commands with the +IBC command (see 7.9). However, Synchronous Access Mode cannot be used if the 7-bit commands are enabled with =1. + +The operation of the Synchronous Access sub-Mode is configured by the +ESA parameter. The +ES command definition is amended as follows (additions shown in italics): + +### Parameter + ++ES=[[,[,]]] + +### Description + +This extended-format compound parameter is used to control the manner of operation of the V.42 protocol in the DCE (if present). It accepts three numeric subparameters: + +- , which specifies the initial requested mode of operation when the DCE is operating as the originator. +- , which specifies the acceptable fallback mode of operation when the DCE is operating as the originator. +- , which specifies the acceptable fallback mode of operation when the DCE is operating as the answerer. + +### Defined Values + +TABLE 7/V.80 + +### Error Control Operation subparameters + +| | Description | +|-------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | Direct mode | +| 1 | Initiate call with Buffered mode only | +| 2 | Initiate V.42 without Detection Phase. If Rec. V.8 is in use, this is a request to disable V.42 Detection Phase | +| 3 | Initiate V.42 with Detection Phase | +| 4 | Initiate Alternative Protocol | +| 5 | Initiate Synchronous Mode when connection is completed, immediately after the entire CONNECT result code is delivered. V.24 circuits 113 and 115 are activated when Data State is entered | +| 6 | Initiate Synchronous Access Mode when connection is completed, and Data State is entered | +| 7 | Initiate Frame Tunnelling Mode when connection is completed, and Data State is entered | +| | Description | +| 0 | Error control optional (either LAPM or Alternative acceptable); if error control not established, maintain DTE-DCE data rate and use V.14 buffered mode with flow control during non-error-control operation | +| 1 | Error control optional (either LAPM or Alternative acceptable); if error control not established, change DTE-DCE data rate to match line rate and use Direct mode | +| 2 | Error control required (either LAPM or Alternative acceptable); if error control not established, disconnect | +| 3 | Error control required (only LAPM acceptable); if error control not established, disconnect | +| 4 | Error control required (only Alternative protocol acceptable); if error control not established, disconnect | + +TABLE 7/V.80 (concluded) + +### **Error Control Operation subparameters** + +| <ans_fbk> | Description | +|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | Direct mode | +| 1 | Error control disabled, use Buffered mode | +| 2 | Error control optional (either LAPM or Alternative acceptable); if error control not established, maintain DTE-DCE data rate and use local buffering and flow control during non-error-control operation | +| 3 | Error control optional (either LAPM or Alternative acceptable); if error control not established, change DTE-DCE data rate to match line rate and use Direct mode | +| 4 | Error control required (either LAPM or Alternative acceptable); if error control not established, disconnect | +| 5 | Error control required (only LAPM acceptable); if error control not established, disconnect | +| 6 | Error control required (only Alternative protocol acceptable); if error control not established, disconnect | +| 7 | Initiate Synchronous Mode when connection is completed, immediately after the entire CONNECT result code is delivered. V.24 circuits 113 and 115 are activated when Data State is entered | +| 8 | Initiate Synchronous Access Mode when connection is completed, and Data State is entered | +| 9 | Initiate Frame Tunnelling Mode when connection is completed, and Data State is entered | + +Note that when the parameter is set to 5, 6 or 7, the setting of the parameter is ignored. + +### **Recommended Default Settings** + +For : 3 + +For : 0 + +For : 2 + +#### **Read Syntax** + ++ES? + +The DCE shall transmit a string of information text to the DTE, consisting of: + ++ES: ,, + +For example, +ES: 3,0,2 for the recommended defaults. + +#### **Test Syntax** + ++ES=? + +The DCE shall transmit a string of information text to the DTE, consisting of: + ++ES: (list of supported values),(list of supported values),(list of supported values) + +For example, +ES: (0-7),(0-4),(0-9) for all defined values. + +### **Implementation** + +Implementation of this parameter is mandatory if V.42 error control, Buffered mode, *Synchronous Mode*, *Frame Tunnelling Mode* or *Synchronous Access Mode* is implemented in the DCE. + +## 8.2 Synchronous access mode configuration + +### Parameter + ++ESA=[|,|,|,|,|,|,|,|]|||||] + +### Description + +This extended-format compound parameter is used to control the manner of operation of the Synchronous Access Mode in the DCE (if present). It accepts six numeric subparameters: + +- , which specifies the bit sequence transmitted by the DCE when a transmit data buffer underrun condition occurs, while operating in Transparent sub-Mode. +- , which specifies the bit sequence transmitted by the DCE when a transmit data buffer underrun condition occurs immediately after a flag, while operating in Framed sub-Mode. +- , which specifies the actions undertaken by the DCE when a transmit data buffer underrun or overrun condition occurs immediately after a non-flag octet, while operating in Framed sub-Mode. +- , which specifies whether or not, in V.34 half duplex operation, additional procedures besides those specified in clause 12/V.34 shall be performed by the DCE when switching from primary channel to secondary channel operation, and vice versa. +- , which specifies the CRC polynomial used while operating in Framed sub-Mode. +- , which specifies if Non Return to Zero Inverted (NRZI) encoding is to be used by the DCE for transmit and receive data. +- , , which specifies the octet value(s) to be used while performing character-oriented framing. + +### Defined Values + +TABLE 8/V.80 + +**Synchronous Access Mode Operation subparameters** + +| | Description | +|----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | In Transparent sub-Mode, DCE transmits 8-bit SYN sequence on idle. DCE receiver does not hunt for synchronization sequence | +| 1 | In Transparent sub-Mode, DCE transmits 8-bit SYN sequence on idle. DCE receiver hunts for 8-bit SYN sequence | +| 2 | In Transparent sub-Mode, DCE transmits 16-bit SYN sequence on idle. DCE receiver hunts for 16-bit SYN sequence | +| | Description | +| 0 | In Framed sub-Mode, DCE transmits HDLC flags on idle | +| 1 | In Framed sub-Mode, DCE transmits marks (ones) on idle | +| | Description | +| 0 | In Framed sub-Mode, DCE transmits abort on underrun in middle of frame | +| 1 | In Framed sub-Mode, DCE transmits a flag on underrun in middle of frame, and notifies DTE of underrun or overrun | + +TABLE 8/V.80 (concluded) + +### **Synchronous Access Mode Operation subparameters** + +| <hd_auto> | Description | +|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0 | When switching between primary and secondary channel operation in V.34 half duplex, the DCE only executes those procedures defined in clause 12/V.34 | +| 1 | When switching between primary and secondary channel operation in V.34 half duplex, the DCE executes additional procedures as described in 8.8.5 besides those defined in clause 12/V.34 | +| <crc_type> | Description | +| 0 | CRC generation and checking disabled | +| 1 | In Framed sub-Mode, the 16-bit CRC specified in 8.1.1.6/V.42 is generated by the DCE in the transmit direction, and checked by the DCE in the receive direction | +| 2 | In Framed sub-Mode, the 32-bit CRC specified in 8.1.1.6/V.42 is generated by the DCE in the transmit direction, and checked by the DCE in the receive direction | +| <nrzi_en> | Description | +| 0 | NRZI encoding and decoding disabled | +| 1 | NRZI encoding enabled in the DCE in the transmit direction, and NRZI decoding enabled in the DCE in the receive direction | +| <syn1> | Description | +| 0-255 | When =0, specifies the 8-bit transmit idle sequence to be used by the DCE. When =1, specifies the 8-bit synchronization sequence to be used by the DCE. When =2, specifies first 8 bits of 16-bit synchronization sequence to be used by the DCE | +| <syn2> | Description | +| 0-255 | When =2, specifies last 8 bits of 16-bit synchronization sequence to be used by the DCE | + +### **Recommended Default Settings** + +Recommended default setting for all subparameters is zero, except for and , which have recommended defaults of 255 (FFh hexadecimal). + +#### **Read Syntax** + ++ESA? + +The DCE shall transmit a string of information text to the DTE, consisting of: + +For example, +ES: 0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255 for the recommended defaults. + +#### **Test Syntax** + ++ESA=? + +The DCE shall transmit a string of information text to the DTE, consisting of: + +**+ESA: (list of supported values), (list of supported values), (list of supported values), (list of supported values), (list of supported values), (list of supported values), (list of supported values), (list of supported values)** + +For example, +ES: (0-2),(0-1),(0-1),(0-1),(0-2),(0-1),(0-255),(0-255) for all defined values. + +#### **Implementation** + +If Synchronous Access Mode is implemented in the DCE, implementation of the following subparameter values are mandatory: + +: 0 + +: 0 + +## 8.3 Synchronous Mode Indication + +If the +ER parameter is set to 1 (enabled), and if a connection is initiated in Synchronous Mode or Synchronous Access Mode, the DCE shall report: +ER: NONE, after the carrier negotiation results are reported. + +## 8.4 Transmit Flow Control Thresholds + +### Parameter + ++ITF=[[,[,]]] + +### Description + +This optional compound parameter allows the DTE to determine the input buffer size in the DCE for data on circuit 103 from the DTE, to control the thresholds used for flow control of such data, and to control how often the DCE reports to the DTE the number of octets in this buffer. (The DTE can adjust its own thresholds for flow control of data on circuit 104 from the DCE.) The +IFC command determines the means used to signal flow control. + +The setting of this parameter is ignored in Direct and Synchronous Modes, where flow control is not used. Subparameters and are applicable in Synchronous Access, Frame Tunnelling, Buffered V.14, and error control modes. Subparameter is applicable only in Synchronous Access mode. + +Subparameter determines the threshold, in octets, above which the DCE shall generate a flow off signal. + +Subparameter determines the threshold, in octets, below which the DCE shall generate a flow on signal. + +Subparameter determines the interval, in units of 10 milliseconds, between transmissions of indications by the DCE on circuit 104; such indications convey to the DTE the number of octets in the DCE's input transmit data buffer at any point in time. + +A value of zero commands the DCE not to transmit such indications to the DTE. The indications take the form of the three-octet sequence . The code is defined in Table 9. The two octets indicate the number of octets in the DCE's transmit data input buffer at the time at which the indication is transmitted by the DCE. The range of reportable values is 0010 - 1638310. The low-order bit of both and is set to zero, to ensure that neither of the two octets mimic EM, DC1, or DC3. The remaining bits form a 14-bit number with the second transmitted bit in (i.e. the next-to-lowest order bit) being the least significant bit of the reported value, and the high-order bit of being the most significant bit of that value. + +The DCE shall return the ERROR result code if the DTE specifies that the subparameter be set to a value less than or equal to the subparameter; the current parameter value settings shall not be modified. + +For the and subparameters, the input buffer is assumed to reside between the DCE's V.24 interface and the Synchronous Access protocol layer, i.e. the buffer count includes all octets, including EM codes, received from the DTE, with the exception of DC1 and DC3 if these are used to signal flow control. + +For the subparameter, the reported value includes only those octets to be transmitted as bearer data by the DCE, exclusive of escape octets, i.e. it does not include EM commands from the DTE, and counts sequences such as and as one octet. + +### Defaults + +Set by manufacturer. + +### Test Syntax + ++ITF=? + +The DCE shall transmit a string of information text to the DTE, consisting of: + +**+ITF: (list of supported values),(list of supported values),(list of supported values)** + +The maximum reported value is the input transmit data buffer level at which the DCE signals a transmit data overrun indication to the DTE. + +### Implementation + +This parameter is optional. However, it is necessary for high quality of service in multimedia services, particularly in maintaining low transmit data delay. + +## 8.5 Synchronous Access Mode In-Band Commands and Indications + +In Synchronous Access Mode, in-band commands and indications are defined in Table 9 for various functions. Each command or indication consists of an octet followed by a second octet which specifies the desired command or indication. Some commands and indications are followed immediately by one or two additional octets which specify associated parameters. For example, the indication is followed by octets, which specify the number of octets in the transmit data buffer. + +Some of these additional parameters refer to DCE data signalling rate. For example, the indication is followed by the parameters , which specify the transmit and receive data signalling rate at the completion or a retrain or rate renegotiation. The values for these parameters are defined in Table 10. + +TABLE 9/V.80 + +**Synchronous Access Mode In-Band Commands** + +| Command/
indication
pair symbol | Hex
codes | Description, circuit 103 | Description, circuit 104 | Transparent
sub-mode | Framed
sub-mode | +|---------------------------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|------------------------| +| | 5Ch | Character Transparency
transmit one 19h pattern | Character Transparency
received one 19h pattern | ✓ | ✓ | +| | 76h | transmit one 99h pattern | received one 99h pattern | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A0h | transmit DC1 | received DC1 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A1h | transmit DC3 | received DC3 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | 5Dh | transmit two 19h patterns | received two 19h patterns | ✓ | ✓ | +| | 77h | transmit two 99h patterns | received two 99h patterns | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A2h | transmit two DC1 patterns | received two DC1 patterns | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A3h | transmit two DC3 patterns | received two DC3 patterns | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A4h | transmit 19h, 99h | received 19h, 99h | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A5h | transmit 19h, DC1 | received 19h, DC1 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A6h | transmit 19h, DC3 | received 19h, DC3 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A7h | transmit 99h, 19h | received 99h, 19h | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A8h | transmit 99h, DC1 | received 99h, DC1 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A9h | transmit 99h, DC3 | received 99h, DC3 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | AAh | transmit DC1, 19h | received DC1, 19h | ✓ | ✓ | +| | ABh | transmit DC1, 99h | received DC1, 99h | ✓ | ✓ | +| | ACH | transmit DC1, DC3 | received DC1, DC3 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | ADh | transmit DC3, 19h | received DC3, 19h | ✓ | ✓ | +| | A Eh | transmit DC3, 99h | received DC3, 99h | ✓ | ✓ | +| | AFh | transmit DC3, DC1 | received DC3, DC1 | ✓ | ✓ | +| | B0h | begin transparent sub-mode | HDLC Abort detected in
Framed sub-Mode | ✓ | ✓
(receive
only) | + +TABLE 9/V.80 (concluded) + +### **Synchronous Access Mode In-Band Commands** + +| Command/
indication
pair symbol | Hex
codes | Description, circuit 103 | Description, circuit 104 | Transparent
sub-mode | Framed
sub-mode | +|---------------------------------------|--------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------------| +| | B1h | transmit a flag; enter Framed sub-Mode if currently in Transparent sub-Mode. If enabled, precede with FCS if this follows a non-flag octet sequence | Non-flag to flag transition detected. Preceding data was valid frame; FCS valid if CRC checking was enabled | | ✓ | +| | B2h | – transmit Abort – | Non-flag to flag transition detected. Preceding data was not a valid frame | | ✓ | +| | B3h | put receiver in hunt condition | – not applicable – | ✓ | ✓ | +| | B4h | – not applicable – | transmit data underrun | ✓ | ✓ | +| | B5h | – not applicable – | transmit data overrun | ✓ | ✓ | +| | B6h | – not applicable – | receive data overrun | ✓ | ✓ | +| | B7h | resume after transmit underrun or overrun | – not applicable – | | ✓ | +| | B8h | – not applicable – | the following octets, , specify the number of octets in the transmit data buffer. | ✓ | ✓ | +| | B9h | – not applicable – | the following octets, , specify the number of discarded octets | | ✓ | +| | BAh | duplex carrier control
terminate carrier, return to command state | duplex carrier status
loss of carrier detected, return to command state | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BBh | go to on-line command state | confirmation of command | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BCh | Request rate renegot. (duplex) | indicate rate renegot. (duplex) | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BDh | Request rate retrain (duplex) | indicate rate retrain (duplex) | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BEh | following octets, , set max. tx and rx rates | retrain/reneg. completed; following octets, , indicate tx and rx rates | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BCh | V.34 HD carrier control
go to primary ch. operation | V.34 HD duplex carrier status
pri. ch. operation commenced; following octet, , indicates bit rate | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BFh | go to control ch. operation | ctl. ch. operation commenced; following octets, , indicates bit rates | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BDh | initiate pri. channel retrain | indicate pri. channel retrain | ✓ | ✓ | +| | C0h | initiate ctl. channel retrain | indicate ctl. channel retrain | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BEh | following octets, , set max. pri. rate and preferred ctl. ch. rate | – not applicable – | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BAh | terminate carrier | carrier termination detected | ✓ | ✓ | +| | BBh | go to command state | – not applicable – | ✓ | ✓ | + +TABLE 10/V.80 + +### **Synchronous Access Mode Command/Indication Bit Rate Values** (values for parameters , , , ) + +| Symbol | Hex code | Duplex or primary channel data signalling rate | +|--------|----------|------------------------------------------------| +| | 20h | 1200 bit/s | +| | 21h | 2400 bit/s | +| | 22h | 4800 bit/s | +| | 23h | 7200 bit/s | +| | 24h | 9600 bit/s | +| | 25h | 12 000 bit/s | +| | 26h | 14 400 bit/s | +| | 27h | 16 800 bit/s | +| | 28h | 19 200 bit/s | +| | 29h | 21 600 bit/s | +| | 2Ah | 24 000 bit/s | +| | 2Bh | 26 400 bit/s | +| | 2Ch | 28 800 bit/s | +| | 2Dh | 31 200 bit/s | +| | 2Eh | 33 600 bit/s | + +## 8.6 Synchronous Mode Operation + +In Synchronous Mode operation, the V.24 interface switches from start-stop framing to transparent synchronous operation when the Online Data State is entered. In Online Data State, transmit and receive data are transferred directly between the synchronous signal converter and the V.24 interface. Circuits 114 and 115 are held OFF by the DCE in Command State and are activated when in Online Data State. Circuit 113 is ignored in Command State and, depending on DCE configuration, may be used as the transmitter timing source in Online Data State. + +## 8.7 Frame Tunnelling Mode Operation + +In Frame Tunnelling Mode operation, at the V.24 interface the procedures specified in 4.5.2.2 and 4.5.3.1 of ISO/IEC 3309 shall be used. From DCE to DCE, the synchronous transmission procedures specified in 4.5.1 of ISO/IEC 3309 shall be used. In both the transmit and receive directions, the DCE shall convert between the two formats as required. + +Flow control as selected by the +IFC parameter shall be used. + +Data format is 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no Parity, 1 stop bit. The +ICF parameter is ignored. + +## 8.8 Synchronous Access Mode Operation + +As it may be useful to use both Transparent sub-Mode and Framed sub-Mode during the same session, it is possible to dynamically switch between the two sub-modes using EM codes. The code initiates Transparent sub-mode in the DCE; no data is implicitly transmitted by the DCE as a result of this code. The code commands the DCE to transmit an HDLC flag and enter Framed sub-Mode. The DCE shall flush its receive data buffer on every sub-Mode transistion. + + + +If enabled, the DCE shall compute the selected CRC polynomial on all message data received on circuit 103, beginning with the first non-flag octet following the transmission of one or more flags. All in-band commands are excluded from this calculation. When the DTE terminates a non-flag octet sequence with an code, the DCE shall transmit this CRC on the line as the Frame Check Sequence before the flag octet. These polynomials are specified in 8.1.1.6/V.42. + +When a transmit underrun condition occurs during a non-flag octet sequence, the action taken by the DCE depends on the setting of the subparameter of the +ESA parameter. If =0, the DCE shall substitute an Abort by transmitting at least eight ones. If =1, the DCE shall substitute a flag. In either case, this will then be followed by flags or marks, depending on the setting of the subparameter of the +ESA parameter. If the DCE is computing a CRC when this occurs, an FCS is not transmitted on the line. The DCE shall then send the code to the DTE on circuit 104. + +If =1, the DCE shall ignore further transmit data on circuit 103 until an code is received from the DTE on circuit 103. Upon receiving the code from the DTE, the DCE shall transmit the indication to the DTE. The octets indicate the number of bearer data octets that were discarded by the DCE from the occurrence of the underrun condition, up to the point at which the code was received. The coding of is the same as that in 8.4. + +When a transmit underrun condition occurs during a flag octet sequence, the DCE shall not send an code to the DTE. Depending on the setting of the +ESA parameter, the DCE shall substitute one or more flags, or eight or more ones, until subsequent data is received from the DTE. + +When a transmit overrun condition occurs, the action taken by the DCE depends on the setting of the subparameter of the +ESA parameter. If =0, the DCE shall transmit the code to the DTE on circuit 104. Depending on DCE implementation, the octets causing the overrun may either overwrite previous data, or be discarded. If the overrun occurs in the middle of a non-flag octet sequence, the DCE shall insert an Abort at the point at which the overrun occurred. In the case where previous data is overwritten, if the overwriting data causes a non-flag octet sequence to be terminated by a flag, an FCS is not transmitted. + +If =1, the DCE shall substitute a flag at the point in the octet immediately before the occurrence of the overrun. This will then be followed by flags or marks, depending on the setting of the subparameter of the +ESA parameter. If the DCE is computing a CRC when this occurs, an FCS is not transmitted on the line. The DCE shall then send the code to the DTE on circuit 104. The DCE shall ignore further transmit data on circuit 103 until an code is received from the DTE on circuit 103. Upon receiving the code from the DTE, the DCE shall transmit the indication to the DTE. The octets indicate the number of bearer data octets that were discarded by the DCE from the occurrence of the overrun condition, up to the point at which the code was received. The coding of is the same as that in 8.7. + +NOTE – After the DTE transmits the code, it should not transmit any more data to the DCE until the is received from the DCE. + +The DTE may signal the DCE to transmit an Abort with the code. + +#### 8.8.2.2 Receive + +When bit-oriented Framed sub-Mode is initiated, the DCE receiver shall enter a “hunt” condition and search the received bitstream for HDLC flags. Until a valid flag octet is detected, the DCE shall discard the received data and shall not forward it to the DTE. Upon detecting a flag, the DCE shall send an code to the DTE. Subsequent consecutive received flags are not forwarded to the DTE. + +After a flag is detected and the code has been forwarded to the DTE, the DCE shall forward the first and subsequent non-flag octets to the DTE by removing the zero-inserted bits, appending start and stop framing bits, and EM-shielding certain octet values as defined in Table 9. Starting with the first non-flag octet, the selected CRC polynomial shall be computed by the DCE, if enabled. If the non-flag octet sequence is terminated with a valid flag the DCE shall forward the code to the DTE if the enabled FCS was in error; otherwise, the DCE shall send the code to the DTE. If the closing flag octet is followed immediately by non-flag data, the flag will be considered the opening flag of the next frame. + +If seven or more consecutive ones are received, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE by forwarding the code. Note that this code does not indicate that the DCE has entered the transparent sub-mode. The DCE shall subsequently enter the “hunt” condition as described in the preceding paragraphs. + +The DTE may command the DCE receiver to flush its receive data buffer and re-enter the “hunt” condition at any time with the code. + +When a receive overrun condition occurs, due to either excessive flow-off indications from the DTE or inadequate DTE-DCE data signalling rate, the DCE shall insert the code at the point in the receive octet stream at which data was lost. + +*The handling of received residue bits is for further study.* + +### **8.8.3 Escape to On-Line Command State** + +If the DTE sends an command, the DCE shall issue a confirming indication followed by an OK result code, and enter On-Line Command State. While in On-Line Command State, the DCE shall transmit the configured idle sequence if carrier is being transmitted, and discard received data. + +### **8.8.4 Duplex Carrier Control** + +The DTE may command the DCE to initiate a carrier retrain or rate renegotiation request. Similarly, the DCE shall indicate to the DTE when a retrain or rate renegotiate request is received from the remote DCE. + +The DTE may issue the command at any time during a connection. This command has the effect of altering the settings of the and subparameters, respectively, in the +MS parameter. These settings are then active for subsequent retrains and rate renegotiations. The values for the and parameters are defined in Table 10. + +#### **8.8.4.1 Retrain** + +If the DTE issues an command to the DCE, optionally preceded by a rate command, the DCE shall use the relevant V-Series modem procedures to request a retrain. If the DCE receives a retrain request from the remote DCE, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the indication. + +At the conclusion of the retrain, the DCE shall indicate the signalling rates to the DTE with the indication. + +If the retrain attempt results in carrier disconnection, the DCE shall remain connected to the network, issue an indication, enter Command State, and issue a NO CARRIER result code. + +#### **8.8.4.2 Rate renegotiation** + +If the DTE issues an command to the DCE, optionally preceded by a rate command, the DCE shall use the relevant V-Series modem procedures to request a rate renegotiation. If the DCE receives a rate renegotiation request from the remote DCE, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the indication. + +At the conclusion of the renegotiation, the DCE shall indicate the signalling rates to the DTE with the indication. + +If the renegotiation attempt results in carrier disconnection, the DCE shall remain connected to the network, issue an indication, enter Command State, and issue a NO CARRIER result code. + +#### **8.8.4.3 Carrier termination** + +If the DTE sends an command, the DCE shall issue a confirming indication. The DCE shall then follow the relevant V-Series modem procedures to terminate the data carrier, but remain connected to the network. When the modem carrier is disconnected, the DCE shall issue a NO CARRIER result code, and enter Command State. + +If the remote terminal initiates procedures to terminate the data carrier, the DCE shall complete the carrier disconnection but remain connected to the network, issue an indication, enter Command State, and issue a NO CARRIER result code. + +### 8.8.5 Half duplex V.34 carrier control + +While the DCE is using V.34 half duplex modulation, the DTE may command the DCE to initiate the various procedures defined in clause 12/V.34 for transitioning between half duplex primary channel operation and duplex control channel operation, and for initiating primary and control channel retrains. + +The DTE may issue the `` command at any time during a connection. The `` parameter sets the maximum primary channel bit rate that the DCE may negotiate during subsequent control channel retrains and restarts (the V.34 primary channel bit rate is determined at the commencement of the proceeding control channel operation, unless modified during control channel operation by a control channel retrain). The values for this parameter are defined in Table 10. The `` parameter sets the control channel bit rate that the DCE shall select for the remote transmitter (i.e. bits 27 and 50 in the transmitted MPh sequence). The defined values for this parameter are: 0 - 1200 bit/s, asymmetric rates not permitted; 1 - 2400 bit/s, asymmetric rates not permitted; 2 - 1200 bit/s, asymmetric rates permitted; 3 - 2400 bit/s, asymmetric rates permitted; 4 determined by DCE. Note that if one or both DCEs does not permit asymmetric control channel signalling rates, the remote transmitter may in fact operate at 1200 bit/s when control channel operation is commenced, even if operation at 2400 bit/s was specified by the local DCE. + +#### 8.8.5.1 Transition from control channel to primary channel operation + +If the DTE issues an `` command to the DCE during control channel operation, the DCE shall execute the control channel turn-off procedures defined in 12.6.3/V.34, and proceed with the primary channel resynchronization procedures defined in 12.5/V.34. + +At the conclusion of the resynchronization, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the `` indication, where `` indicates the primary channel bit rate. + +If the `` subparameter of the `+ESA` parameter is set to one, upon receipt of the `` command, a source modem shall transmit 40 ones on the control channel, and continue transmitting ones until loss of control channel carrier from the remote transmitter is detected, before proceeding with the turn-off procedures defined in 12.6.3/V.34. For `=1`, a recipient modem shall proceed with 12.6.3/V.34 procedures upon receipt of 40 consecutive ones from the remote transmitter, i.e. an `` command is not required by the recipient modem in this case. + +If the resynchronization attempt results in carrier disconnection, the DCE shall remain connected to the network and issue an `` indication. + +#### 8.8.5.2 Transition from primary channel to control channel operation + +If the DTE issues an `` command to the DCE during primary channel operation, the DCE shall execute the primary channel turn-off procedures defined in 12.5.3/V.34, and proceed with the control channel resynchronization procedures defined in 12.6/V.34. + +At the conclusion of the resynchronization, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the `` indication, where `` indicates the bit rate to be used for subsequent primary channel operation, and `` indicates the transmit and receive control channel bit rate. Defined values for `` are: 0 - 1200 bit/s receive and transmit; 1 - 2400 bit/s receive and transmit; 2 - 1200 bit/s receive, 2400 bit/s transmit; 3 - 2400 bit/s receive, 1200 bit/s transmit. + +If the `` subparameter of the `+ESA` parameter is set to one, a recipient modem shall proceed with 12.5.3/V.34 procedures upon loss of primary channel carrier from the remote transmitter, i.e. an `` command is not required by the recipient modem in this case. + +If the resynchronization attempt results in carrier disconnection, the DCE shall remain connected to the network and issue an `` indication. + +#### 8.8.5.3 Primary channel retrain + +If the DTE issues an `` command to the DCE, the DCE shall execute the primary channel retrain procedures defined in 12.7/V.34. If the DCE receives a primary channel retrain request from the remote DCE, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the `` indication. + +At the conclusion of the retrain when control channel operation is entered, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the `` indication, where `` indicates the bit rate to be used for subsequent primary channel operation, and `` indicates the transmit and receive control channel bit rate. The values defined for `` are specified in 8.8.5.2. + +If the resynchronization attempt results in carrier disconnection, the DCE shall remain connected to the network and issue an indication. + +#### 8.8.5.4 Control channel retrain + +If the DTE issues an command to the DCE while in control channel operation, the DCE shall execute the control channel retrain procedures defined in 12.8/V.34. If the DCE receives a control channel retrain request from the remote DCE, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the indication. + +At the conclusion of the retrain, the DCE shall indicate this to the DTE with the indication, where indicates the bit rate to be used for subsequent primary channel operation, and indicates the transmit and receive control channel bit rate. The values defined for are specified in 8.8.5.2. + +If the resynchronization attempt results in carrier disconnection, the DCE shall remain connected to the network and issue an indication. + +#### 8.8.5.5 Carrier termination + +If the DTE sends an command to a source DCE or to a recipient DCE during control channel operation, the DCE shall follow the relevant primary channel or control channel turn-off procedures as specified in 12.5.3.1/V.34 or 12.6.3/V.34, but shall not execute the subsequent start-up procedures for the alternate mode of operation. The DCE shall also remain connected to the network. When the modem carrier is disconnected, the DCE shall issue a confirming indication to the DTE. + +If the subparameter of the +ESA parameter is set to one, upon receipt of the command during control channel operation, the DCE shall transmit 40 ones on the control channel, and continue transmitting ones until loss of control channel carrier from the remote transmitter is detected, before proceeding with the turn-off procedures defined in 12.6.3/V.34. + +If remote transmitter carrier is lost, the DCE shall issue an indication. Also, for =1, if a source DCE receives 40 consecutive ones during control channel operation, the DCE shall terminate its carrier and issue an indication. + +## 8.9 Examples + +### 8.9.1 Detection phase + +While the V.42 detection phase may be implemented in the DTE with the DCE operating in a synchronous (Recommendation V.14) mode, it is often too difficult in such cases to transmit the required number of stop bits (between 8 and 16) for the ODP and ADP sequences, and, if desired, to verify that the specified number of stop bits for such sequences have been received. Thus, it may be advantageous to implement Detection Phase with the DCE in Synchronous Access Mode instead. The following table shows an example of this for the Originating DCE: + +| Circuit 103 | Circuit 104 | Notes | +|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| AT+ES=6
D␣ | .....␣
CONNECT␣


... ... | Dial remote terminal, complete modulation handshake.
Connection starts in transparent sub-mode, TX underrun,
receiving constant marks | +| [<11><17><7F>]
repeated | | Send ODP (other octet patterns will also generate a valid
ODP) | +| | <8A><1B>
<7F><45>
<86>
<5F>
... | ADP signifying V.42 ("EC") detected. Note there are a
multitude of other octet patterns that represent a valid ADP | +| | | Transition to Framed sub-Mode | + +# Appendix I + +## Configuring the DTE-DCE Interface in Synchronous Access Mode for Multimedia Applications + +The transmission of digitally encoded real-time multimedia data, such as voice, imposes additional and conflicting performance requirements on the operation of the DTE while using Synchronous Access Mode in the DCE. On the one hand, transmit underrun must be avoided in order to prevent gaps and breakups in the media stream at the remote terminal. On the other hand, it is desirable to keep the amount of data stored at any given time in the DCE's transmit data buffer small, in order to minimize the latency introduced by such buffering. + +## I.1 Minimum DTE-DCE data signalling rate + +To avoid transmit underrun, the rate at which octets arrive from the DTE, after 's and command codes are removed, must be greater than one-eighth the DCE transmitter's data signalling bit rate. As it is desirable to keep the number of octets in the DCE's transmit buffer small, this must be true for the instantaneous octet rate from the DTE as well as the average rate, as the buffer contents may not be sufficient to prevent underrun for those instances in the data stream that contain large numbers of shielded octets. + +As a worst case, the transmit data stream will contain octets that require shielding alternating with those that do not, e.g. ,a,,b,,z,... For this octet stream, the number of octets transmitted across the DTE-DCE interface will be 50% greater than the number of octets actually transmitted by the DCE to the remote terminal. + +Thus, for a DCE transmitter signalling bit rate $R$ , the DTE's octet transmit rate $R_{OCT-DTE}$ must satisfy: + +$$R_{OCT-DTE} > 1.5 \times R/8 = 0.1875R$$ + +As an example, for a DCE transmitter rate of 28 800 bit/s, the DTE transmitter must be capable of transmitting at least 5400 octets per second. Since ten bit times are required to transmit a start-stop framed octet, in this example, the DTE-DCE interface bit rate would need to be greater than 54 000 bit/s. In order to allow for occasional shielded commands and indications that are not part of the transmit data, and for possible clock drift between the DTE and DCE, the DTE-DCE interface bit rate should be greater than this figure. + +In practice, it is desirable to set the DTE-DCE interface bit rate as high as possible. This allows the DTE to get receive data from the DCE as quickly as possible to minimize latency in that direction. In the transmit direction, this also allows the DTE to replenish the DCE's transmit buffer as quickly as desired, when the DCE indicates that the buffer contents are low and underrun is imminent. + +## I.2 Flow control thresholds and buffer contents reporting + +In Synchronous Access Mode, the DTE-DCE interface operates with start-stop framing. V.24 circuit 114 is not available or not active, and thus the DTE gets no transmitter timing information from the DCE. Thus, even if the DTE could precisely account for the effects of codes, zero insertion, etc., the octet rate from the DTE would still eventually overrun or underrun the DCE input buffer due to oscillator drift between the two devices. Thus, some sort of flow control feedback from the DCE to the DTE is necessary. + +The +ITF parameter allows the DTE to configure flow control operation. The DTE can set the and subparameters to keep the amount of data in the transmit buffer small. + +When setting the subparameter, the DTE must take into account its maximum expected response time to a flow on signal from the DCE. The contents of the transmit buffer when this signal is generated must be sufficient so that the transmit buffer does not empty during the maximum response period, which would cause a transmit underrun. + +The subparameter setting determines the maximum latency introduced by the transmit data buffer. For a constant DTE octet transmit rate, setting the value of closer to that of will tend to increase the frequency at which flow on and flow off signals are generated by the DCE. For fixed and values, maintaining the DTE octet transmit rate close to the octet rate of the DCE (after accounting for codes), will tend to decrease the frequency at which flow on and flow off signals are generated by the DCE. + +In addition, using the +ITF parameter, the DTE can instruct the DCE to periodically report to the DTE the number of octets in the transmit data input buffer. The DTE may use this facility to implement a finer-grained adjustment of the rate at which it transmits octets to the DCE, with a corresponding decrease in the variation in the number of octets in the buffer. + +The variation in the amount of data in the DCE's transmit buffer may contribute to the jitter in the logical channels seen by the remote terminal. The minimum potential buffer level will be the level, minus the number of octets transmitted by the DCE during the DTE's maximum response time to a flow on signal. The maximum potential buffer level will be the level, plus the number of octets transmitted by the DTE during the DTE's maximum response time to a flow off signal. The actual jitter may be less than this if the subparameter is used. Jitter of this type is typically indicated to the remote terminal during protocol establishment, and if applicable, the DTE should account for the additional jitter contribution induced by the DCE transmit buffer when communicating the maximum expected jitter to the remote end. + +# ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Telephone network and ISDN | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media | +| Series H | Transmission of non-telephone signals | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of sound-programme and television signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | Maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound-programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminal equipments and protocols for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communication | +| Series Z | Programming languages | \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/marked/V/T-REC-V.8bis-200011-I_PDF-E/01e00200a536673d6cd0e6d8705047a0_img.jpg 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c3fa57e74fc1aa9733f9b066b6ffc19eb943cbe9 --- /dev/null +++ b/marked/V/T-REC-V.91-199905-I_PDF-E/raw.md @@ -0,0 +1,678 @@ + + +![ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt.](2dfa6ac3edfe874f68aa0cbccaa42322_img.jpg) + +ITU logo: a globe with the letters ITU and a lightning bolt. + +INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION + +# ITU-T + +TELECOMMUNICATION +STANDARDIZATION SECTOR +OF ITU + +# V.91 + +(05/99) + +SERIES V: DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE +TELEPHONE NETWORK + +Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals + +--- + +**A digital modem operating at data signalling +rates of up to 64 000 bit/s for use on a 4-wire +circuit switched connection and on leased +point-to-point 4-wire digital circuits** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.91 + +(Previously CCITT Recommendation) + +--- + +# ITU-T V-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS **DATA COMMUNICATION OVER THE TELEPHONE NETWORK** + +| | | +|------------------------------------------------------------|------------------| +| General | V.1–V.9 | +| Interfaces and voiceband modems | V.10–V.34 | +| Wideband modems | V.35–V.39 | +| Error control | V.40–V.49 | +| Transmission quality and maintenance | V.50–V.59 | +| Simultaneous transmission of data and other signals | V.60–V.99 | +| Interworking with other networks | V.100–V.199 | +| Interface layer specifications for data communication | V.200–V.249 | +| Control procedures | V.250–V.299 | +| Modems on digital circuits | V.300–V.399 | + +*For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations.* + +## **ITU-T RECOMMENDATION V.91** + +## **A DIGITAL MODEM OPERATING AT DATA SIGNALLING RATES OF UP TO 64 000 bit/s FOR USE ON A 4-WIRE CIRCUIT SWITCHED CONNECTION AND ON LEASED POINT-TO-POINT 4-WIRE DIGITAL CIRCUITS** + +## **Summary** + +This Recommendation specifies the operation of a duplex digital modem for use on a 4-wire circuit switched connection and on leased point-to-point 4-wire digital circuits at data signalling rates of up to 64 000 bit/s. The modem is specified in terms of coding, start-up sequences, operating procedures and DTE-DCE interface functionalities. The modem includes an optional control channel and support for transparent mode on unrestricted 64 000 bit/s channels. The network interface of the modem and the signalling rate that is used to connect the modem locally to a 4-wire connection are considered to be national matters and are hence not specified. + +###### **Source** + +ITU-T Recommendation V.91 was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 16 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on 27 May 1999. + +## FOREWORD + +ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. + +The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. + +The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. + +In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. + +### NOTE + +In this Recommendation the term *recognized operating agency (ROA)* includes any individual, company, corporation or governmental organization that operates a public correspondence service. The terms *Administration*, *ROA* and *public correspondence* are defined in the *Constitution of the ITU (Geneva, 1992)*. + +## INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS + +The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. + +As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. + +ITU 2000 + +All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. + +# CONTENTS + +| | Page | +|---------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 1 Scope..... | 1 | +| 2 References..... | 1 | +| 3 Definitions ..... | 2 | +| 4 Abbreviations..... | 2 | +| 5 Interchange circuits ..... | 2 | +| 5.1 List of interchange circuits..... | 2 | +| 5.2 Asynchronous character-mode interfacing ..... | 3 | +| 6 Line signals ..... | 3 | +| 6.1 Data signalling rates..... | 3 | +| 6.2 Symbol rate ..... | 3 | +| 6.3 Encoder for non-transparent mode..... | 3 | +| 6.3.1 Scrambler..... | 3 | +| 6.3.2 Mapping parameters ..... | 3 | +| 6.3.3 Input bit parsing..... | 4 | +| 6.3.4 Modulus encoder ..... | 4 | +| 6.3.5 Mapper..... | 4 | +| 6.3.6 Differential encoding..... | 4 | +| 6.3.7 Sign assignment..... | 5 | +| 6.3.8 Mux..... | 5 | +| 6.3.9 Control channel bit assignment ..... | 5 | +| 6.4 Control channel..... | 5 | +| 6.5 Encoder for transparent mode..... | 5 | +| 7 Start-up sequences ..... | 6 | +| 7.1 B1..... | 6 | +| 7.2 CP..... | 6 | +| 7.3 DIL..... | 8 | +| 7.4 $E_u$ ..... | 9 | +| 7.5 $E_s$ ..... | 9 | +| 7.6 $E_z$ ..... | 9 | +| 7.7 $E_m$ ..... | 9 | +| 7.8 INFO ..... | 9 | +| 7.9 J..... | 10 | +| 7.10 PHIL..... | 10 | +| 7.11 SCR..... | 10 | + +| | Page | +|--------------------------------------------------|-------------| +| 8     Operating procedures ..... | 10 | +| 8.1   Phase 1 ..... | 10 | +| 8.2   V.91 start-up ..... | 11 | +| 8.2.1   Call and answer modem ..... | 11 | +| 8.3   Escape to V.34 ..... | 12 | +| 8.3.1   Call modem..... | 12 | +| 8.3.2   Answer modem..... | 12 | +| 8.4   Retrains ..... | 13 | +| 8.4.1   Initiating retrain ..... | 13 | +| 8.4.2   Responding to retrain..... | 13 | +| 8.5   Loss of frame synchronization ..... | 13 | +| 8.6   Cleardown..... | 13 | +| 8.7   Transparent mode..... | 13 | +| 8.8   Four-wire leased line operation ..... | 13 | +| 9     Testing facilities..... | 13 | +| 10    Glossary ..... | 14 | +| Appendix I – Typical network configuration ..... | 14 | + +## Recommendation V.91 + +# A DIGITAL MODEM OPERATING AT DATA SIGNALLING RATES OF UP TO 64 000 bit/s FOR USE ON A 4-WIRE CIRCUIT SWITCHED CONNECTION AND ON LEASED POINT-TO-POINT 4-WIRE DIGITAL CIRCUITS + +(Geneva, 1999) + +# 1 Scope + +This modem is specified herein in terms of coding, start-up signals and sequences, operating procedures and DTE-DCE interface functionalities. The network interface of the modem and the signalling rate that is used to connect the modem locally to a 4-wire connection are considered to be national matters and are hence not specified herein. The principal characteristics of the modem are as follows: + +- a) duplex mode of operation on a 4-wire digital connection; +- b) channel separation by 4-wire connection; +- c) PCM modulation at a rate of 8000 symbols per second; +- d) synchronous channel data signalling rates from 28 000 bit/s to 64 000 bit/s in increments of 8000/6 bit/s; +- e) an optional control channel that uses 125 bit/s of the primary channel data signalling rate and allows for a 67.5 bit/s secondary channel data signalling rate; +- f) adaptive techniques that enable the modem to achieve close to the maximum data signalling rate that the channel can support on each connection; +- g) support of transparent mode on unrestricted 64 000 bit/s channels; +- h) exchange of rate sequences during start-up to establish the data signalling rate; and +- i) automoding to devices supporting V.8, and optionally V.8 *bis*, procedures. + +# 2 References + +The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations are subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation and other references are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. + +- CCITT Recommendation G.711 (1988), *Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.8 (1998), *Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission over the public switched telephone network*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.8 *bis* (1998), *Procedures for the identification and selection of common modes of operation between Data Circuit-terminating Equipments (DCEs) and between Data Terminal Equipments (DTEs) over the public switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point telephone-type circuits*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.14 (1993), *Transmission of start-stop characters over synchronous bearer channels*. + +- ITU-T Recommendation V.24 (1996), *List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE)*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.34 (1998), *A modem operating at data signalling rates of up to 33 600 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire telephone-type circuits*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.42 (1996), *Error-correcting procedures for DCEs using asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.43 (1998), *Data flow control*. +- CCITT Recommendation V.54 (1988), *Loop test devices for modems*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.80 (1996), *In-band DCE control and synchronous data modes for asynchronous DTE*. +- ITU-T Recommendation V.90 (1998), *A digital modem and analogue modem pair for use on the public switched telephone network (PSTN) at data signalling rates of up to 56 000 bit/s downstream and up to 33 600 bit/s upstream*. + +# 3 Definitions + +This Recommendation defines the following terms: + +**Nominal transmit power:** As defined in clause 3/V.90. + +**Uchord:** As defined in clause 3/V.90. + +**Ucode:** As defined in clause 3/V.90. + +# 4 Abbreviations + +This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations: + +DCE Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment + +DIL Digital Impairment Learning sequence + +DTE Data Terminal Equipment + +# 5 Interchange circuits + +## 5.1 List of interchange circuits + +References in this Recommendation to V.24 interchange circuit numbers are intended to refer to the functional equivalent of such circuits and are not intended to imply the physical implementation of such circuits. For example, references to circuit 103 should be understood to refer to the functional equivalent of circuit 103 (see Table 1). + +**Table 1/V.91 – Interchange circuits** + +| Interchange circuit | | Notes | | +|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-------|--| +| No. | Description | | | +| 102 | Signal ground or common return | | | +| 103 | Transmitted data | | | +| 104 | Received data | | | +| 105 | Request to send | | | +| 106 | Ready for sending | | | +| 107 | Data set ready | 1 | | +| 108/1 or | Connect data set to line | | | +| 108/2 | Data terminal ready | | | +| 109 | Data channel received line signal detector | | | +| 125 | Calling indicator | 2 | | +| 133 | Ready for receiving | | | +| 141 | Local loopback | | | +| 142 | Test indicator | | | +| NOTE 1 – Thresholds and response times are not applicable in this Recommendation. | | | | +| NOTE 2 – Operation of circuit 133 shall be in accordance with 4.2.1.1/V.43. | | | | + +## 5.2 Asynchronous character-mode interfacing + +The modem may include an asynchronous-to-synchronous converter interfacing to the DTE in an asynchronous (or start-stop character) mode. The protocol for the conversion shall be in accordance with Recommendation(s) V.14, V.42 or V.80. Data compression may also be employed. + +# 6 Line signals + +## 6.1 Data signalling rates + +Synchronous channel data signalling rates from 28 000 bits/s to 64 000 bit/s in increments of 8000/6 bit/s shall be supported. The data signalling rate shall be determined during modem start-up according to the procedures described in 8.2. + +## 6.2 Symbol rate + +The symbol rate shall be 8000 established by timing from the digital network interface. + +## 6.3 Encoder for non-transparent mode + +As defined in 5.4/V.90 and Figure 1/V.90. + +### 6.3.1 Scrambler + +The modem shall include a self-synchronizing scrambler as specified in Recommendation V.34, Equation 7-1/V.34, GPC. + +### 6.3.2 Mapping parameters + +As defined in 5.4.1/V.90 with $S_r = 0$ , $S = 6$ and $K$ ranging from 15 to 42. + +Table 2 shows the data signalling rates achieved by the valid values of K and S. + +**Table 2/V.91 – Data signalling rates for different K and for S** + +| K, bits entering modulus encoder | S, sign bits used for user data | Data signalling rate, kbit/s | +|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------| +| 15 | 6 | 28 | +| 16 | 6 | 29 1/3 | +| 17 | 6 | 30 2/3 | +| 18 | 6 | 32 | +| 19 | 6 | 33 1/3 | +| 20 | 6 | 34 2/3 | +| 21 | 6 | 36 | +| 22 | 6 | 37 1/3 | +| 23 | 6 | 38 2/3 | +| 24 | 6 | 40 | +| 25 | 6 | 41 1/3 | +| 26 | 6 | 42 2/3 | +| 27 | 6 | 44 | +| 28 | 6 | 45 1/3 | +| 29 | 6 | 46 2/3 | +| 30 | 6 | 48 | +| 31 | 6 | 49 1/3 | +| 32 | 6 | 50 2/3 | +| 33 | 6 | 52 | +| 34 | 6 | 53 1/3 | +| 35 | 6 | 54 2/3 | +| 36 | 6 | 56 | +| 37 | 6 | 57 1/3 | +| 38 | 6 | 58 2/3 | +| 39 | 6 | 60 | +| 40 | 6 | 61 1/3 | +| 41 | 6 | 62 2/3 | +| 42 | 6 | 64 | + +#### **6.3.3 Input bit parsing** + +As defined in 5.4.2/V.90. + +#### **6.3.4 Modulus encoder** + +As defined in 5.4.3/V.90. + +### **6.3.5 Mapper** + +As defined in 5.4.4/V.90. + +#### **6.3.6 Differential encoding** + +The differential encoding is as defined in 5.4.5.1/V.90 ( $S_r = 0$ , $S = 6$ ). The differential encoding is applied continuously to all sign bits irrespective of their allocation to the primary channel or the control channel. + +#### 6.3.7 Sign assignment + +As defined in 5.4.6/V.90. + +#### 6.3.8 Mux + +As defined in 5.4.7/V.90. + +#### 6.3.9 Control channel bit assignment + +When provided, the control channel uses all 6 sign bits of every 64th data frame. The control channel bits are differentially encoded but not scrambled. The first data frame used for the control channel is the first data mode frame. Frame synchronization is maintained from this point on. The control channel is only available in non-transparent mode. + +## 6.4 Control channel + +A control channel may be requested by the receiving modem by setting bit 27 of INFO. The peer modem shall supply a control channel if and only if it is requested to do so. The control channel can be used to detect digital slips, to clear down the call and to request a retrain. Secondary channel data may also be carried in the control channel. The control channel uses 125 bit/s of the primary channel data signalling rate. + +The control channel consists of repetitions of the 96-bit sequence defined in Table 3. Bit 0 is transmitted first. + +The CRC generator used is described in 10.1.2.3.2/V.34. + +**Table 3/V.91 – Definition of bits in a control channel sequence** + +| Control channel bits LSB:MSB | Definition | +|-------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:15 | Digital slip detection pattern: 011101111111010 | +| 16 | Set to 1 indicates clear down (see 8.6) | +| 17 | Set to 1 indicates retrain (see 8.4.1) | +| 18:23 | Reserved for ITU-T: These bits are set to 0 by the transmitter and are not interpreted by the receiver | +| 24:77 | Secondary channel data | +| 78:93 | CRC | +| 94:95 | Fill bits: 00 | + +## 6.5 Encoder for transparent mode + +When the modem is operating in transparent mode, data bits are passed from the scrambler input to the network interface transparently. The order of the bits in time is preserved. + +Subclauses 8.4, 8.5 and 8.6 do not apply to transparent mode. + +NOTE – There are no provisions in transparent mode for altering the data bits. This means that even a channel that is merely polarity inverted cannot be considered an unrestricted 64 000 bit/s channel suitable for using transparent mode. + +# 7 Start-up sequences + +All PCM codewords transferred in training sequences are described using the universal codes as specified in Table 1/V.90. + +## 7.1 B1 + +B1 consists of 12 PCM codewords transmitted at the end of start-up. The PCM codewords are the result of mapping binary ones using the selected data mode. + +## 7.2 CP + +CP is used to pass constellation parameters for use in the transmitter of the peer modem. A CP sequence with the acknowledge bit set to 1 is denoted by CP'. + +CP sequences are mapped in the same manner as SCR (see 7.11). The scrambler and differential encoder are initialized to zero prior to the transmission of the first CP sequence unless it is preceded by SCR. In this case they are initialized with the final symbol of the transmitted SCR. Bit fields for CP sequences are defined in Table 4. Bit 0 is transmitted first. + +The CRC generator used is described in 10.1.2.3.2/V.34. + +CP sequences are defined to be of variable length. A constellation mask consists of 128 bits where a bit set to 1 indicates that the constellation includes the PCM code represented by the corresponding Ucode. Only the number of different constellations need to be sent. The constellations that are sent are indexed from 0 (in bits 136:271) to a maximum of 5 (in bits 816:951). Due to the variability in the number of constellations, a parameter $\gamma$ is defined to be 136\* (multiplexed by the maximum constellation index given in bits 103:127). + +**Table 4/V.91 – Definition of bits in CP** + +| CP bits
LSB:MSB
| Definition | +|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:16 | Frame Sync: 11111111111111111 | +| 17 | Start bit: 0 | +| 18 | Set to 1 indicates transparent mode granted | +| 19 | Set to 1 to maintain V.90 compatibility | +| 20:24 | Selected digital modem to analogue modem data signalling rate, an integer, drn, between 0 and 28. drn = 0 indicates cleardown. Data signalling rate = (drn + 20)*8000/6 | +| 25:29 | Reserved for ITU-T: These bits are set to 0 by the transmitter and are not interpreted by receiver | +| 30:32 | Set to 0 to maintain V.90 compatibility | +| 33 | Acknowledge bit: 0 = modem has not received CP from far end, 1 = received CP from far end | +| 34 | Start bit: 0 | +| 35:50 | Reserved for ITU-T: These bits are set to 0 by the transmitter and are not interpreted by receiver | +| 51 | Start bit: 0 | +| 52:67 | Reserved for ITU-T: These bits are set to 0 by the transmitter and are not interpreted by receiver | +| 68 | Start bit: 0 | + +**Table 4/V.91 – Definition of bits in CP (*continued*)** + +| CP bits
LSB:MSB
| Definition | +|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 69:84 | Reserved for ITU-T: These bits are set to 0 by the transmitter and are not interpreted by receiver | +| 85 | Start bit: 0 | +| 86:101 | Reserved for ITU-T: These bits are set to 0 by the transmitter and are not interpreted by receiver | +| 102 | Start bit: 0 | +| 103:106 | An integer between 0 and 5 denoting the index of the constellation to be used in data frame interval 0 | +| 107:110 | An integer between 0 and 5 denoting the index of the constellation to be used in data frame interval 1 | +| 111:114 | An integer between 0 and 5 denoting the index of the constellation to be used in data frame interval 2 | +| 115:118 | An integer between 0 and 5 denoting the index of the constellation to be used in data frame interval 3 | +| 119 | Start bit: 0 | +| 120:123 | An integer between 0 and 5 denoting the index of the constellation to be used in data frame interval 4 | +| 124:127 | An integer between 0 and 5 denoting the index of the constellation to be used in data frame interval 5 | +| 128 | Set to 0 to maintain V.90 compatibility | +| 129:135 | Reserved for ITU-T: These bits are set to 0 by the transmitter and are not interpreted by receiver | +| 136 | Start bit: 0 | +| 137:152 | Constellation mask for Uchord 1 (Bit 137 corresponds to Ucode 0) | +| 153 | Start bit: 0 | +| 154:169 | Constellation mask for Uchord 2 (Bit 154 corresponds to Ucode 16) | +| 170 | Start bit: 0 | +| 171:186 | Constellation mask for Uchord 3 (Bit 171 corresponds to Ucode 32) | +| 187 | Start bit: 0 | +| 188:203 | Constellation mask for Uchord 4 (Bit 188 corresponds to Ucode 48) | +| 204 | Start bit: 0 | +| 205:220 | Constellation mask for Uchord 5 (Bit 205 corresponds to Ucode 64) | +| 221 | Start bit: 0 | +| 222:237 | Constellation mask for Uchord 6 (Bit 222 corresponds to Ucode 80) | +| 238 | Start bit: 0 | +| 239:254 | Constellation mask for Uchord 7 (Bit 239 corresponds to Ucode 96) | +| 255 | Start bit: 0 | +| 256:271 | Constellation mask for Uchord 8 (Bit 256 corresponds to Ucode 112) | +| 272:271 $\gamma$ | Possibly more constellations in same format as bits 136:271 | + +**Table 4/V.91 – Definition of bits in CP (*concluded*)** + +| CP bits
LSB:MSB
| Definition | +|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 272+ $\gamma$ | Start bit: 0 | +| 273+ $\gamma$ :288+ $\gamma$ | CRC | +| 289+ $\gamma$ | Fill bit: 0 | +| 290+ $\gamma$ :... | Fill bits: 0s to extend the CP sequence length to the next multiple of 6 bits | + +## 7.3 DIL + +The DIL is as defined in 8.4.1/V.90. Only one instance of the DIL is transmitted. + +If a modem requests the default DIL by setting bit 26 of INFO, then the DIL sent to that modem shall have the parameters given in Table 5. The training symbol for the first DIL-segment is represented by Ucode 124, the training symbol for the 2nd DIL-segment is represented by Ucode 0, etc. + +**Table 5/V.91 – Default DIL parameters** + +| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +|------------------------------------------|----------|----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|----|-----|----| +| N | 125 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| L SP | 12 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| L TP | 12 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| SP | 0FC0 hex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| TP | 0FFF hex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| H 1 , ..., H 8 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| REF 1 , ..., REF 8 | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +| Training symbols | 124 | 0 | 123 | 1 | 122 | 2 | 121 | 3 | 120 | 4 | 119 | 5 | 118 | 6 | 117 | 7 | +| | 116 | 8 | 115 | 9 | 114 | 10 | 113 | 11 | 112 | 12 | 111 | 13 | 110 | 14 | 109 | 15 | +| | 108 | 16 | 107 | 17 | 106 | 18 | 105 | 19 | 104 | 20 | 103 | 21 | 102 | 22 | 101 | 23 | +| | 100 | 24 | 99 | 25 | 98 | 26 | 97 | 27 | 96 | 28 | 95 | 29 | 94 | 30 | 93 | 31 | +| | 92 | 32 | 91 | 33 | 90 | 34 | 89 | 35 | 88 | 36 | 87 | 37 | 86 | 38 | 85 | 39 | +| | 84 | 40 | 83 | 41 | 82 | 42 | 81 | 43 | 80 | 44 | 79 | 45 | 78 | 46 | 77 | 47 | +| | 76 | 48 | 75 | 49 | 74 | 50 | 73 | 51 | 72 | 52 | 71 | 53 | 70 | 54 | 69 | 55 | +| | 68 | 56 | 67 | 57 | 66 | 58 | 65 | 59 | 64 | 60 | 63 | 61 | 62 | | | | + +NOTE – It is highly desirable that a modem requests a DIL that does not allow echo control devices in the network to re-enable. The default DIL has this property. + +## 7.4 $E_u$ + +$E_u$ is used to signal the beginning of DIL when both modems have requested the default DIL. It consists of 12T of binary zeroes mapped as the bits of INFO. The differential encoder shall be initialized with the final bit transmitted before $E_u$ . + +The first symbol transmitted after $E_u$ is defined to be transmitted in data frame interval 0. The modem shall keep frame alignment from this point on. + +## 7.5 $E_s$ + +$E_s$ is used to signal the end of CP. It consists of 12T of binary zeroes mapped as the bits of SCR. The differential encoder and scrambler shall be initialized with the final bit of the transmitted CP. + +## 7.6 $E_z$ + +$E_z$ is used to transition from the end of the silence following Phase 1 to the beginning of the INFO sequences. It consists of 24T of binary zeroes mapped as the sign bit of Ucode 66. + +## 7.7 $E_m$ + +$E_m$ is used to terminate PHIL. $E_m$ is also used to terminate J unless J is followed by PHIL. It consists of 12T of differential encoded and scrambled binary zeroes mapped as the bits of INFO. The scrambler shall not be initialized at the start of $E_m$ . The differential encoder shall be initialized with the final bit transmitted before $E_m$ . + +The first symbol transmitted after $E_m$ is defined to be transmitted in data frame interval 0. The modem shall keep frame alignment from this point on. + +## 7.8 INFO + +The INFO sequence is differentially encoded and mapped as the sign bit of Ucode 66. The differential encoder shall be initialized to zero prior to the transmission of the first bit of INFO. The definition of the bits in the INFO sequence is given in Table 6. Bit 0 is transmitted first in time. The CRC generator is described in 10.1.2.3.2/V.34. + +**Table 6/V.91 – Definition of bits in INFO** + +| INFO bits
LSB:MSB
| Definition | +|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 0:3 | Fill bits: 1111 | +| 4:11 | Frame sync: 01110010, where the left-most bit is first in time | +| 12:25 | Reserved for ITU-T: Set to 0 by the transmitter and not interpreted by the receiver | +| 26 | Set to 0 to request default DIL | +| 27 | Set to 1 to request the control channel | +| 28 | Set to 1 to acknowledge correct reception of an INFO frame | +| 29:32 | Reserved for ITU-T: Set to 0 by the transmitter and not interpreted by the receiver | +| 33:37 | Maximum transmit power. 0 denotes unspecified maximum transmit power. Integers 1 to 31 represent the maximum transmit power in $-0.5$ dBm0 steps where 1 denotes $-1$ dBm0 and 31 denotes $-16$ dBm0 | + +**Table 6/V.91 – Definition of bits in INFO (*concluded*)** + +| INFO bits
LSB:MSB
| Definition | +|------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| 38 | Set to 1 indicates the modem's transmit power shall be measured after digital impairments (i.e. at the receiver). Otherwise the modem's power shall be measured at its terminals | +| 39 | PCM coding used by the transmitter: 0 = $\mu$ -law, 1 = A-law | +| 40 | Set to 1 to request transparent data mode | +| 41 | Set to 1 to indicate the desire to clear down if the request for transparent data mode is not granted. This bit may only be set to 1 if bit 40 is set to 1 | +| 42:57 | CRC | +| 58:61 | Fill bits: 1111 | + +## 7.9 J + +J consists of a series of differentially encoded scrambled bits mapped as the bits in INFO. The differential encoder is initialized with the final bit of the transmitted INFO. The definition of the bits in J is given in Table 12/V.90. The scrambler shall be initiated to zero prior to the first symbol of J. The bits are sent only once and are not repeated. Bit 0 is transmitted first in time. + +## 7.10 PHIL + +PHIL consists of a series of differentially encoded scrambled binary ones mapped as the bits in INFO. The scrambler and the differential encoder shall be initialized to zero prior to the first symbol of PHIL unless PHIL is preceded by J. + +## 7.11 SCR + +Signal SCR is defined as differentially encoded scrambled binary ones mapped as the sign bit of Ucode 66. The scrambler and the differential encoder shall be initialized to zero prior to the first symbol of SCR. When generating SCR, the modem shall use the polynomial, GPC, in Equation 7-1/V.34. SCR shall be an integer multiple of 6 symbols long. + +# 8 Operating procedures + +## 8.1 Phase 1 + +V.8, and optionally V.8 *bis*, is used in Phase 1. All signals in Phase 1 shall be transmitted at the nominal transmit power level. If V.91 capability is indicated by both modems during the Phase 1 negotiation, the modem shall generate silence for $75 \pm 5$ ms by sending PCM codewords with magnitudes represented by Ucode 0. The modem shall then proceed with the V.91 start-up. + +## 8.2 V.91 start-up + +The modem may initiate a retrain at any time during start-up or data mode according to 8.4.1. Examples of V.91 start-up procedures are shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. + +![Figure 1/V.91: Start-up with both modems requesting the default DIL. The diagram shows two parallel sequences of modem signaling. Each sequence starts with E_z, followed by INFO, INFO', E_u, DIL, SCR, CP, CP', E_s, B1, and Data. Arrows indicate that the INFO and INFO' sequences are received by the opposite modem, and the CP and CP' sequences are also received by the opposite modem. The DIL sequence is received by the opposite modem. The label T1605700-99 is at the bottom right.](2cde062fd82833415971a8bd1a2cafab_img.jpg) + +Figure 1/V.91: Start-up with both modems requesting the default DIL. The diagram shows two parallel sequences of modem signaling. Each sequence starts with E\_z, followed by INFO, INFO', E\_u, DIL, SCR, CP, CP', E\_s, B1, and Data. Arrows indicate that the INFO and INFO' sequences are received by the opposite modem, and the CP and CP' sequences are also received by the opposite modem. The DIL sequence is received by the opposite modem. The label T1605700-99 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 1/V.91 – Start-up with both modems requesting the default DIL** + +![Figure 2/V.91: Start-up with one modem requesting the default DIL and the other specifying a DIL. The diagram shows two parallel sequences. The top sequence starts with E_z, INFO, INFO', PHIL, E_m, DIL, SCR, CP, CP', E_s, B1, and Data. The bottom sequence starts with E_z, INFO, INFO, INFO', J, E_m, DIL, SCR, CP, CP', E_s, B1, and Data. Arrows indicate that the INFO and INFO' sequences are received by the opposite modem, the PHIL sequence is received by the opposite modem, the E_m sequence is received by the opposite modem, and the CP and CP' sequences are received by the opposite modem. The label T1605710-99 is at the bottom right.](df82d77a0d2637cbf2da9ea920a554fa_img.jpg) + +Figure 2/V.91: Start-up with one modem requesting the default DIL and the other specifying a DIL. The diagram shows two parallel sequences. The top sequence starts with E\_z, INFO, INFO', PHIL, E\_m, DIL, SCR, CP, CP', E\_s, B1, and Data. The bottom sequence starts with E\_z, INFO, INFO, INFO', J, E\_m, DIL, SCR, CP, CP', E\_s, B1, and Data. Arrows indicate that the INFO and INFO' sequences are received by the opposite modem, the PHIL sequence is received by the opposite modem, the E\_m sequence is received by the opposite modem, and the CP and CP' sequences are received by the opposite modem. The label T1605710-99 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 2/V.91 – Start-up with one modem requesting the default DIL and the other specifying a DIL** + +![Figure 3/V.91: Start-up with both modems specifying a DIL and in one case the DIL has length 0. The diagram shows two parallel sequences. The top sequence starts with E_z, INFO, INFO', J, PHIL, E_m, SCR, CP, CP', E_s, B1, and Data. The bottom sequence starts with E_z, INFO, INFO, INFO', J, E_m, DIL, CP, CP', E_s, B1, and Data. Arrows indicate that the INFO and INFO' sequences are received by the opposite modem, the J sequence is received by the opposite modem, the PHIL sequence is received by the opposite modem, the E_m sequence is received by the opposite modem, and the CP and CP' sequences are received by the opposite modem. The label T1605720-99 is at the bottom right.](21ad58fee90f2be50708ff541d225507_img.jpg) + +Figure 3/V.91: Start-up with both modems specifying a DIL and in one case the DIL has length 0. The diagram shows two parallel sequences. The top sequence starts with E\_z, INFO, INFO', J, PHIL, E\_m, SCR, CP, CP', E\_s, B1, and Data. The bottom sequence starts with E\_z, INFO, INFO, INFO', J, E\_m, DIL, CP, CP', E\_s, B1, and Data. Arrows indicate that the INFO and INFO' sequences are received by the opposite modem, the J sequence is received by the opposite modem, the PHIL sequence is received by the opposite modem, the E\_m sequence is received by the opposite modem, and the CP and CP' sequences are received by the opposite modem. The label T1605720-99 is at the bottom right. + +**Figure 3/V.91 – Start-up with both modems specifying a DIL and in one case the DIL has length 0** + +### 8.2.1 Call and answer modem + +**8.2.1.1** The modem shall transmit $E_z$ . + +**8.2.1.2** The modem shall transmit INFO sequences with bit 28 set to 0 and condition its receiver to receive an INFO sequence. + +**8.2.1.3** Upon receiving an INFO sequence, the modem shall complete sending the current INFO sequence and then send an INFO sequence with bit 28 set to 1. + +**8.2.1.4** If both modems have requested the default DIL, they shall both transmit $E_u$ followed by the default DIL. After transmitting $E_u$ the modems shall turn ON circuit 107. The modems shall then transmit an optional amount of SCR and proceed to 8.2.1.8. + +**8.2.1.5** If the modem has not requested the default DIL, it shall send sequence J. + +**8.2.1.6** The modem shall then send PHIL until it has the information necessary to provide the DIL requested by the peer modem. If it already has the information necessary to provide the DIL requested by the peer modem, it shall proceed to 8.2.1.7; otherwise the modem shall transmit $E_u$ followed by the DIL requested by the peer modem. The modem shall then transmit an optional amount of SCR without transmitting PHIL. + +**8.2.1.7** The modem shall transmit $E_m$ followed by the DIL requested by the peer modem. After transmitting $E_m$ the modem shall turn ON circuit 107. The modem shall then transmit an optional amount of SCR. + +**8.2.1.8** The modem shall transmit CP sequences within 1.5 seconds of receiving $E_u$ or $E_m$ and condition its receiver to receive a CP sequence. + +**8.2.1.9** After receiving a CP sequence, the modem shall complete sending the current CP sequence and send a CP' sequence. + +**8.2.1.10** The modem shall continue to send CP sequences until it has sent a CP' sequence and received a CP' sequence or $E_s$ . The modem shall then complete the current CP' sequence and send a single $E_s$ . + +**8.2.1.11** After sending $E_s$ , the modem shall send B1. The modem shall then enable circuit 106 to respond to the condition of circuit 105 and begin data transmission. + +**8.2.1.12** After receiving $E_s$ , the modem shall condition its receiver to receive B1. After receiving B1, the modem shall unclamp circuit 104, turn on circuit 109, and begin receiving data. + +## **8.3 Escape to V.34** + +The modem may escape to V.34 at any time during start-up. The modem shall escape to V.34 if it does not receive an INFO' sequence within 1.5 seconds of beginning the procedure in 8.2.1.2. The modem shall escape to V.34 if it does not receive B1 within 10 seconds of beginning the procedure in 8.2.1.2. The signals and sequences referred to in this subclause are defined in Recommendation V.34. + +### **8.3.1 Call modem** + +To escape to V.34 or if it receives repeated INFO0a sequences, the call modem shall repeatedly send INFO0c. + +If the call modem receives INFO0a with bit 28 set to 1, it shall condition its receiver to detect Tone A and the subsequent Tone A phase reversal, complete sending the current INFO0c sequence, and then transmit Tone B. Alternatively, if the call modem detects Tone A and has received INFO0a, it shall condition its receiver to detect a Tone A phase reversal, complete sending the current INFO0c sequence, and transmit Tone B. In both cases, the call modem shall then proceed according to 11.2.1.1.3/V.34. + +### **8.3.2 Answer modem** + +To escape to V.34 or if it receives repeated INFO0c sequences, the answer modem shall repeatedly send INFO0a. + +If the answer modem receives INFO0c with bit 28 set to 1, it shall condition its receiver to detect Tone B, complete the current INFO0a, and then transmit Tone A. Alternatively, if the answer modem detects Tone B and has received INFO0c, it shall complete the current INFO0a, and transmit Tone A. In both cases, the answer modem shall then proceed according to 11.2.1.2.3/V.34. + +## **8.4 Retrains** + +The modem shall start a 10-second timer after clamping circuit 104. The timer shall be disabled upon successfully completing a retrain. On expiry of the timer the modem shall turn OFF circuits 106, 107 and 109 and terminate the connection. + +### **8.4.1 Initiating retrain** + +To initiate a retrain, a modem shall turn OFF circuit 106, clamp circuit 104 to binary one, hold circuits 107 and 109 in the ON condition and continue in accordance with 8.2.1.2. If a modem is transmitting the control channel, then it may warn the peer modem that it is about to initiate a retrain by setting bit 17 of the control channel sequence. In this case, the modem shall initiate the retrain after completing the current control channel sequence. + +### **8.4.2 Responding to retrain** + +After detecting the onset of INFO, the modem shall turn OFF circuit 106, clamp circuit 104 to binary one, hold circuits 107 and 109 in the ON condition and continue in accordance with 8.2.1.2. + +## **8.5 Loss of frame synchronization** + +If a loss of frame synchronization is detected, the modem shall clamp circuit 104 and start a 10-second timer. The modem may either initiate a retrain according to 8.4.1 or attempt to reacquire frame synchronization by another means. Upon successful reacquisition of frame synchronization the timer shall be disabled, circuit 104 shall be unclamped and the modem begins receiving data. On expiry of the timer the modem shall turn OFF circuits 106, 107 and 109 and terminate the connection. + +## **8.6 Cleardown** + +The cleardown procedure shall be used to terminate a connection. Cleardown is indicated by setting drn to 0 in CP. This may be signalled at any time that a modem sends a CP sequence. To cleardown from data mode, a modem shall either initiate retrain according to 8.4.1 in order to send a CP sequence with drn = 0 or signal cleardown by setting bit 16 of the control channel sequence. If a modem signals cleardown through the control channel, it shall complete the current control channel sequence before cleardown. + +## **8.7 Transparent mode** + +If a transparent data mode was requested by either modem using bit 40 of INFO, then bit 18 of CP signals whether that request has been granted or not. In order to enter transparent data mode, both modems must grant the request by setting bit 18. If the requesting modem set bit 41 of INFO to 1, then the modems shall cleardown if either fails to grant the request. Otherwise, if either modem fails to grant the request, the modem shall proceed with a non-transparent data mode using the parameters sent in the CP sequences. A modem granting a request to enter transparent data mode shall set drn to 28. + +A modem issuing or receiving a request for transparent mode shall grant transparent mode after verifying that an unrestricted 64 000 bit/s channel is present. + +## **8.8 Four-wire leased line operation** + +For four-wire leased line operation, the modems shall proceed according to 8.2.1.2. + +# **9 Testing facilities** + +Test loop 3 as defined in Recommendation V.54 shall be provided. + +# 10 Glossary + +| | | +|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| $\gamma$ | Variable used to define bit positions in CP | +| drn | A parameter used in determining the data signalling rate | +| K | The number of modulus encoder input data bits per data frame | +| S | The number of differential encoder input data bits per data frame | +| $S_r$ | The number of PCM code sign bits per data frame used as redundancy for spectral shaping | + +# APPENDIX I + +## Typical network configuration + +V.91 can only be used when two V.91 capable modems that have digital interfaces are connected by a 4-wire circuit switched connection. An example network configuration is shown below. + +![Diagram of a typical network configuration for V.91 modems.](3da1a07cb87051bf616c9876db958cf0_img.jpg) + +``` +graph LR; M1[V.91 modem] ---|Digital transport (e.g. ISDN)| DS[Digital switch]; DS ---|Digital transport (e.g. T1/E1)| M2[V.91 modem]; +``` + +The diagram illustrates a typical network configuration for V.91 modems. It shows two V.91 modems connected via a digital switch. The connection between the first V.91 modem and the digital switch is labeled "Digital transport (e.g. ISDN)". The connection between the digital switch and the second V.91 modem is labeled "Digital transport (e.g. T1/E1)". + +T1605730-99 + +Diagram of a typical network configuration for V.91 modems. + +## ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES + +| | | +|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| Series A | Organization of the work of the ITU-T | +| Series B | Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification | +| Series C | General telecommunication statistics | +| Series D | General tariff principles | +| Series E | Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors | +| Series F | Non-telephone telecommunication services | +| Series G | Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks | +| Series H | Audiovisual and multimedia systems | +| Series I | Integrated services digital network | +| Series J | Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals | +| Series K | Protection against interference | +| Series L | Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant | +| Series M | TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits | +| Series N | Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits | +| Series O | Specifications of measuring equipment | +| Series P | Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks | +| Series Q | Switching and signalling | +| Series R | Telegraph transmission | +| Series S | Telegraph services terminal equipment | +| Series T | Terminals for telematic services | +| Series U | Telegraph switching | +| Series V | Data communication over the telephone network | +| Series X | Data networks and open system communications | +| Series Y | Global information infrastructure and Internet protocol aspects | +| Series 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