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- ---
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- license: cc-by-4.0
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- ---
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ---
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+ license: cc-by-4.0
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+ task_categories:
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+ - text-classification
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ tags:
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+ - scientific-integrity
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+ - fraud-detection
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+ - peer-review
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+ - research-ethics
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+ - benchmark
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+ size_categories:
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+ - n<1K
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+ ---
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+
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+ # SciPeerBench v1.1
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+
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+ **World's first multi-dimensional scientific fraud detection benchmark.**
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+
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+ No other dataset labels papers across 14 fraud dimensions simultaneously.
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+
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+ ## Stats
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+
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+ | Property | Value |
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+ |----------|-------|
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+ | Total papers | 644 |
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+ | Fraud papers | 286 |
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+ | Clean papers | 358 |
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+ | Columns | 35 |
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+ | Fraud dimensions | 14 |
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+ | Year range | 1998–2026 |
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+
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+ ## Why This Dataset is Unique
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+
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+ Every existing fraud dataset does binary labeling — fraud or not fraud.
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+
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+ SciPeerBench labels each paper across **14 dimensions** — statistical fraud,
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+ figure manipulation, citation rings, LLM detection, and more.
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+ Nobody has done this before.
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+
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+ ## Categories
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+
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+ | Category | Count | Description |
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+ |----------|-------|-------------|
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+ | CONFIRMED_FRAUD | 286 | PubMed retracted + CrossRef verified |
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+ | CLEAN | 223 | High quality multi-field papers |
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+ | SUSPECTED_FRAUD | 109 | Journal expressions of concern |
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+ | BORDERLINE | 16 | Famous disputed cases |
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+ | BASELINE_ELITE | 10 | Nobel Prize and landmark papers |
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+
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+ ## 14 Fraud Dimensions Per Paper
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+
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+ | Column | What it detects |
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+ |--------|----------------|
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+ | stat_audit_score | p-hacking, sample size issues |
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+ | figure_forensics_score | image duplication, manipulation |
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+ | methodology_score | causation claims, missing controls |
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+ | citation_score | self-citation rings |
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+ | reproducibility_score | code and data availability |
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+ | novelty_score | incremental vs novel work |
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+ | grim_score | mathematically impossible means |
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+ | sprite_score | impossible distributions |
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+ | granularity_score | Benford law violations |
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+ | pcurve_score | publication bias |
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+ | effect_size_score | inflated effect sizes |
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+ | retraction_score | cited retracted papers |
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+ | cartel_score | citation ring networks |
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+ | llm_score | AI-generated paper detection |
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+
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+ ## Famous Fraud Cases Included
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+
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+ - **Wakefield 1998** (The Lancet) — vaccines-autism data fabrication
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+ - **LaCour 2014** (Science) — survey data never existed
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+ - **Obokata 2014** (Nature) — STAP cells image manipulation
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+ - **Stapel** — 58 psychology papers fabricated over 10 years
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+
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+ ## Data Sources
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+
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+ - PubMed `Retracted Publication[pt]` — US National Library of Medicine
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+ - CrossRef `update-type:retraction` — publisher verified DOI registry
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+ - PubMed `Expression of Concern[pt]` — journal flagged papers
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+ - Manual curation — court and media verified fraud cases
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+
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+ ## Associated Project
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+
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+ Built to train **SciPeerAI-7B** — world's first scientific integrity LLM.
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+
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+ - Live demo: https://scipeerai-ui.vercel.app
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+ - API: https://web-production-f526d.up.railway.app/docs
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+ - GitHub: https://github.com/Abu-Sameer-66/SciPeerAI
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @dataset{nadeem2026scipeerai_bench,
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+ author = {Nadeem, Sameer},
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+ title = {SciPeerBench: Multi-dimensional Scientific Fraud Detection Benchmark},
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+ year = {2026},
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+ publisher = {Hugging Face},
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+ url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/Abu-Sameer-66/SciPeerBench}
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## License
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+
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+ CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution.