Robotics
LeRobot
Safetensors
so101
so-101
vision-language-action
imitation-learning
smolvla
flow-matching
Instructions to use Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V6_Full with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- LeRobot
How to use Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V6_Full with LeRobot:
# See https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot?tab=readme-ov-file#installation for more details git clone https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot.git cd lerobot pip install -e .[smolvla]
# Launch finetuning on your dataset python lerobot/scripts/train.py \ --policy.path=Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V6_Full \ --dataset.repo_id=lerobot/svla_so101_pickplace \ --batch_size=64 \ --steps=20000 \ --output_dir=outputs/train/my_smolvla \ --job_name=my_smolvla_training \ --policy.device=cuda \ --wandb.enable=true
# Run the policy using the record function python -m lerobot.record \ --robot.type=so101_follower \ --robot.port=/dev/ttyACM0 \ # <- Use your port --robot.id=my_blue_follower_arm \ # <- Use your robot id --robot.cameras="{ front: {type: opencv, index_or_path: 8, width: 640, height: 480, fps: 30}}" \ # <- Use your cameras --dataset.single_task="Grasp a lego block and put it in the bin." \ # <- Use the same task description you used in your dataset recording --dataset.repo_id=HF_USER/dataset_name \ # <- This will be the dataset name on HF Hub --dataset.episode_time_s=50 \ --dataset.num_episodes=10 \ --policy.path=Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V6_Full - Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
Add model card
Browse files
README.md
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| 1 |
---
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| 2 |
+
library_name: lerobot
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| 3 |
+
pipeline_tag: robotics
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| 4 |
+
license: cc-by-sa-4.0
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| 5 |
+
base_model: lerobot/smolvla_base
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+
tags:
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+
- robotics
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| 8 |
+
- lerobot
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+
- so101
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| 10 |
+
- so-101
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| 11 |
+
- vision-language-action
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| 12 |
+
- imitation-learning
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| 13 |
+
- smolvla
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| 14 |
+
- flow-matching
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| 15 |
+
datasets:
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+
- Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_Dataset_Full_Merged_Final_LeRobot_SO101_V1
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| 17 |
---
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| 18 |
+
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| 19 |
+
# SmolVLA SO-101 Multi-Task β V6 Full
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+
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+
SmolVLA (~450M) fine-tuned on all four tasks, with the vision encoder unfrozen and image augmentation enabled. The best SmolVLA model in the project β though still meaningfully behind Pi0.5.
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| 22 |
+
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| 23 |
+
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| 24 |
+
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| 25 |
+
Part of **[Project-IRA](https://huggingface.co/Project-IRA)** β Interactive Robotic Arm.
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+
Code: https://github.com/Project-IRA/interactive-robotic-arm
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| 27 |
+
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| 28 |
+
| | |
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+
|---|---|
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| 30 |
+
| Base model | [`lerobot/smolvla_base`](https://huggingface.co/lerobot/smolvla_base) |
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| 31 |
+
| Robot | SO-101 follower (6-DOF) |
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| 32 |
+
| Training data | [`Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_Dataset_Full_Merged_Final_LeRobot_SO101_V1`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_Dataset_Full_Merged_Final_LeRobot_SO101_V1) |
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| 33 |
+
| Recommended checkpoint | around 150000 (**not systematically tested**) |
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| 34 |
+
| Inputs | `camera1` (wrist) + `camera2` (desk) images β **renamed keys, see Usage** β 6-dim joint state, English instruction |
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+
| Outputs | 6-dim continuous action chunks |
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| 36 |
+
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| 37 |
+
## Quality
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| 38 |
+
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| 39 |
+
**OK-ish.** Roughly the same quality as the single-task [V2 Lego](https://huggingface.co/Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V2_Lego) model, but across *most* tasks rather than just Lego β so the multi-task generalisation worked, at the same per-task quality level.
|
| 40 |
+
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| 41 |
+
Quality was assessed around checkpoint **150000**, but checkpoints were **not compared systematically** for this run β 150000 is a rough indication, not a validated optimum. Checkpoints exist every 10000 steps to 200000 plus `last`, so it is worth trying several.
|
| 42 |
+
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| 43 |
+
For comparison, Pi0.5 on the same dataset works *really well* at checkpoint 8000. SmolVLA at ~450M parameters appears capacity-limited for this four-task set.
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| 44 |
+
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| 45 |
+
## Training
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| 46 |
+
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| 47 |
+
SLURM job 2164957. **Single L40S GPU.**
|
| 48 |
+
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| 49 |
+
| Setting | Value |
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| 50 |
+
|---|---|
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| 51 |
+
| Base | `lerobot/smolvla_base` |
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| 52 |
+
| Dataset | 930-episode merged set |
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| 53 |
+
| Steps | **200000, completed** (`--save_freq=10000`); assessed around 150000 |
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| 54 |
+
| Batch size | 64 |
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| 55 |
+
| Vision encoder | **unfrozen** (`--policy.freeze_vision_encoder=false`) |
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| 56 |
+
| Image augmentation | **on** (`--dataset.image_transforms.enable=true`) |
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| 57 |
+
| AMP | **on** (`--policy.use_amp=true`) |
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| 58 |
+
| Parameters | 99,880,992 trainable of 450,046,176 total |
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| 59 |
+
| Camera keys | **renamed** β `wrist_left`->`camera1`, `desk_view`->`camera2` |
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| 60 |
+
| SLURM | `--gres=gpu:L40S:1 --cpus-per-task=16 --mem=92G --time=52:00:00` |
|
| 61 |
+
|
| 62 |
+
```bash
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| 63 |
+
lerobot-train \
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| 64 |
+
--policy.path=lerobot/smolvla_base \
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| 65 |
+
--dataset.repo_id=TPSoSe2026_Dataset_Full_Merged_Final_LeRobot_SO101 \
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| 66 |
+
--dataset.image_transforms.enable=true \
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| 67 |
+
--policy.freeze_vision_encoder=false \
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| 68 |
+
--policy.use_amp=true \
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| 69 |
+
--batch_size=64 --steps=200000 --save_freq=10000 \
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| 70 |
+
--num_workers=16 --tolerance_s=0.01 \
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| 71 |
+
--output_dir=outputs/train/smolvla_full_v2 \
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| 72 |
+
--job_name=smolvla_full_v2 \
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| 73 |
+
--policy.device=cuda --policy.push_to_hub=false --wandb.enable=false \
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| 74 |
+
--rename_map='{"observation.images.wrist_left": "observation.images.camera1", "observation.images.desk_view": "observation.images.camera2"}'
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| 75 |
+
```
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| 76 |
+
|
| 77 |
+
### What changed vs V5
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| 78 |
+
|
| 79 |
+
V5 used SmolVLA's defaults, where **the vision encoder is frozen** β the model's "eyes"
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| 80 |
+
stayed locked to their pretrained state and could not adapt to our bricks, lighting and
|
| 81 |
+
camera angles. V6 unfroze it, added image augmentation and AMP, and doubled the step
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| 82 |
+
count from 100k to 200k.
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| 83 |
+
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| 84 |
+
### A caveat on `freeze_vision_encoder=false`
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| 85 |
+
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| 86 |
+
Unfreezing raised trainable parameters only modestly: the run logs report
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+
`num_learnable_params=99880992` of `num_total_params=450046176` β the **same ~100M as the
|
| 88 |
+
frozen V5 run**. SmolVLA is a SmolVLM2-500M backbone plus a smaller action expert, and
|
| 89 |
+
most of the backbone stays frozen regardless of this flag. Do not expect this setting
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+
alone to make all 450M parameters trainable.
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| 91 |
+
|
| 92 |
+
## Usage
|
| 93 |
+
|
| 94 |
+
> [!CAUTION]
|
| 95 |
+
> **This model expects renamed camera keys.** Training used
|
| 96 |
+
> `--rename_map` to remap the dataset's camera features:
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+
>
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| 98 |
+
> | Dataset feature | What the policy expects | Physical camera |
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| 99 |
+
> |---|---|---|
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| 100 |
+
> | `observation.images.wrist_left` | `observation.images.camera1` | wrist |
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| 101 |
+
> | `observation.images.desk_view` | `observation.images.camera2` | desk |
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| 102 |
+
>
|
| 103 |
+
> If you feed this policy `wrist_left` / `desk_view` it will fail or silently misbehave.
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| 104 |
+
> Name your cameras `camera1` (wrist) and `camera2` (desk) at inference time, or apply the
|
| 105 |
+
> same `--rename_map` when re-training. **The Pi0.5 models do not do this** β they use the
|
| 106 |
+
> native `wrist_left` / `desk_view` names.
|
| 107 |
+
|
| 108 |
+
> [!IMPORTANT]
|
| 109 |
+
> **Model files are nested under `outputs_V6/`**, so `from_pretrained` on the repo ID
|
| 110 |
+
> will not work:
|
| 111 |
+
>
|
| 112 |
+
> ```
|
| 113 |
+
> outputs_V6/train/smolvla_full_v2/checkpoints/<step>/pretrained_model/
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| 114 |
+
> ```
|
| 115 |
+
>
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| 116 |
+
> **Checkpoints present:** every 10000 steps from `010000` to `200000`, plus `last`.
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| 117 |
+
> Repo total ~27.7 GB.
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| 118 |
+
>
|
| 119 |
+
> ```bash
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| 120 |
+
> hf download Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V6_Full \
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| 121 |
+
> --include 'outputs_V6/train/smolvla_full_v2/checkpoints/150000/pretrained_model/*' \
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| 122 |
+
> --local-dir ./smolvla_v6
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| 123 |
+
> ```
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| 124 |
+
|
| 125 |
+
```python
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| 126 |
+
import torch
|
| 127 |
+
from lerobot.policies.smolvla.modeling_smolvla import SmolVLAPolicy
|
| 128 |
+
|
| 129 |
+
policy = SmolVLAPolicy.from_pretrained("Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V6_Full")
|
| 130 |
+
policy = policy.to("cuda").eval()
|
| 131 |
+
```
|
| 132 |
+
|
| 133 |
+
On-robot rollout:
|
| 134 |
+
|
| 135 |
+
```bash
|
| 136 |
+
lerobot-record \
|
| 137 |
+
--robot.type=so101_follower \
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| 138 |
+
--robot.port=/dev/ttyACM0 \
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| 139 |
+
--robot.id=$ROBOT_ID \
|
| 140 |
+
--robot.cameras='{
|
| 141 |
+
camera1: {type: opencv, index_or_path: /dev/v4l/by-path/$WRIST_PATH, width: 640, height: 480, fps: 30},
|
| 142 |
+
camera2: {type: opencv, index_or_path: /dev/v4l/by-path/$DESK_PATH, width: 640, height: 480, fps: 30}
|
| 143 |
+
}' \
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| 144 |
+
--policy.path=Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_SmolVLA_LeRobot_SO101_Finetuning_V6_Full \
|
| 145 |
+
--dataset.repo_id=$HF_USER/eval_run \
|
| 146 |
+
--dataset.single_task="Sort the lego by color" \
|
| 147 |
+
--episodes=10
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| 148 |
+
```
|
| 149 |
+
|
| 150 |
+
> Use one of the exact training prompts (see the dataset card) as the task string.
|
| 151 |
+
> Both cameras run at **640x480** at inference time even though `desk_view` was
|
| 152 |
+
> recorded at 800x600.
|
| 153 |
+
|
| 154 |
+
## Robot setup
|
| 155 |
+
|
| 156 |
+
| | |
|
| 157 |
+
|---|---|
|
| 158 |
+
| Robot | SO-101 follower arm (6-DOF), `robot_type: so_follower` |
|
| 159 |
+
| Teleoperation | SO-101 leader arm |
|
| 160 |
+
| Control frequency | 30 fps |
|
| 161 |
+
| State / action space | 6-dim: `shoulder_pan.pos`, `shoulder_lift.pos`, `elbow_flex.pos`, `wrist_flex.pos`, `wrist_roll.pos`, `gripper.pos` |
|
| 162 |
+
| Camera `observation.images.desk_view` | 800x600, h264 (recording) |
|
| 163 |
+
| Camera `observation.images.wrist_left` | 640x480, h264 (recording) |
|
| 164 |
+
|
| 165 |
+
> **Inference note:** both cameras are run at **640x480 during inference**, not at their
|
| 166 |
+
> recording resolutions, to reduce the payload sent to the inference server.
|
| 167 |
+
|
| 168 |
+
## Environment notes
|
| 169 |
+
|
| 170 |
+
All training ran on a SLURM cluster with L40S GPUs. Two environment details were required
|
| 171 |
+
and are easy to miss when reproducing:
|
| 172 |
+
|
| 173 |
+
- **ffmpeg libraries for torchcodec.** A minimal conda env supplies the shared libraries
|
| 174 |
+
that `torchcodec` discovers at runtime:
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| 175 |
+
`export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$CONDA_PREFIX/envs/ffmpeg_libs_v8/lib:<venv>/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nvidia/npp/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH`
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| 176 |
+
- **`--tolerance_s=0.01`** on every run, to accommodate timestamp jitter in the recorded
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| 177 |
+
episodes.
|
| 178 |
+
|
| 179 |
+
Multi-GPU runs additionally set `PYTORCH_CUDA_ALLOC_CONF=expandable_segments:True`.
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| 180 |
+
Datasets and the virtualenv were copied to node-local `/scratch` before training rather
|
| 181 |
+
than read from shared storage.
|
| 182 |
+
|
| 183 |
+
No Weights & Biases logging was enabled for any run (`--wandb.enable=false`), so there are
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| 184 |
+
no public training curves β the `job.*.err` SLURM logs are the record.
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| 185 |
+
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| 186 |
+
## Tasks and prompts
|
| 187 |
+
|
| 188 |
+
The model is conditioned on English natural-language instructions. Prompt phrasing was
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| 189 |
+
varied roughly every 10 episodes during recording, giving 93 distinct prompts in the
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| 190 |
+
merged dataset. **Use one of the training prompts verbatim** for best results β the full
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| 191 |
+
lists are on the [dataset card](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Project-IRA/TPSoSe2026_Dataset_Full_Merged_Final_LeRobot_SO101_V1).
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| 192 |
+
|
| 193 |
+
## Limitations
|
| 194 |
+
|
| 195 |
+
- **Behaviour cloning.** The policy imitates teleoperated demonstrations and has no notion
|
| 196 |
+
of recovery beyond what was demonstrated. It is susceptible to covariate shift and can
|
| 197 |
+
fail to recover from states outside the demonstration distribution.
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| 198 |
+
- **Recovery data is incidental, not systematic.** Recovery behaviour appears in the data
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| 199 |
+
only where the operator happened to make and correct a mistake during recording; no
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| 200 |
+
recovery episodes were scripted deliberately.
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| 201 |
+
- **Single environment.** All data comes from one lab desk with one lighting setup, one
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| 202 |
+
camera geometry, and one set of physical objects. Expect degradation elsewhere.
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| 203 |
+
- **Prompt sensitivity.** Language conditioning was trained on a fixed set of phrasings
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| 204 |
+
(listed in the dataset card). Prompts far from those phrasings may behave unpredictably.
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| 205 |
+
- **No formal evaluation.** Quality assessments below are qualitative, from operators
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| 206 |
+
observing rollouts on the physical arm. There are no success-rate numbers.
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| 207 |
+
- **Not safety-rated.** Supervise all physical execution and keep the workspace clear.
|
| 208 |
+
|
| 209 |
+
## Upstream licensing & attribution
|
| 210 |
+
|
| 211 |
+
This model is a derivative work of Apache-2.0 licensed components:
|
| 212 |
+
|
| 213 |
+
| Component | Upstream | License |
|
| 214 |
+
|---|---|---|
|
| 215 |
+
| LeRobot framework | https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot | Apache-2.0 |
|
| 216 |
+
| `lerobot/smolvla_base` | https://huggingface.co/lerobot/smolvla_base | Apache-2.0 |
|
| 217 |
+
|
| 218 |
+
Apache-2.0 permits relicensing derivative works. We retain the upstream copyright
|
| 219 |
+
notices, license text, and NOTICE files for the incorporated material, as Apache-2.0
|
| 220 |
+
Section 4 requires. The upstream components remain under Apache-2.0 β only this
|
| 221 |
+
project's own contributions (the fine-tuned weights and training configuration) are
|
| 222 |
+
offered under **CC BY-SA 4.0**.
|
| 223 |
+
|
| 224 |
+
**CC BY-SA 4.0** was chosen because it is share-alike: derivatives must be released under
|
| 225 |
+
the same licence, so this work cannot be taken closed-source. The project's *source code*
|
| 226 |
+
lives in a separate repository under its own licence β see
|
| 227 |
+
https://github.com/Project-IRA/interactive-robotic-arm.
|
| 228 |
+
|
| 229 |
+
## Citation
|
| 230 |
+
|
| 231 |
+
```bibtex
|
| 232 |
+
@misc{project_ira_2026,
|
| 233 |
+
title = {Project-IRA: Interactive Robotic Arm},
|
| 234 |
+
author = {Baten, Cleo and Keppler, Bela and Sapper, Jonas},
|
| 235 |
+
year = {2026},
|
| 236 |
+
howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/Project-IRA}},
|
| 237 |
+
note = {Code: \url{https://github.com/Project-IRA/interactive-robotic-arm}}
|
| 238 |
+
}
|
| 239 |
+
```
|