---
library_name: transformers
language:
- en
pipeline_tag: text-generation
model-index:
- name: Mellum2 Thinking
results:
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: livecodebench
name: LiveCodeBench v6
metrics:
- name: pass@1
type: pass@1
value: 69.9
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: bfcl
name: BFCL v3
metrics:
- name: accuracy
type: acc
value: 69.4
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: bfcl
name: BFCL v4 (macro-avg of 5 subtasks)
metrics:
- name: accuracy
type: acc
value: 45.6
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: aime
name: "AIME 2025+2026 (mean, 30 questions each)"
metrics:
- name: exact match
type: exact_match
value: 58.4
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: gsm-plus
name: GSM-Plus
metrics:
- name: exact match
type: exact_match
value: 87.0
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: mmlu-redux
name: MMLU-Redux
metrics:
- name: accuracy
type: acc
value: 86.2
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: gpqa
name: GPQA Diamond
metrics:
- name: accuracy
type: acc
value: 57.6
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: ifeval
name: IFEval (prompt-level strict accuracy)
metrics:
- name: accuracy
type: acc
value: 76.5
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: mixeval
name: MixEval
metrics:
- name: accuracy
type: acc
value: 66.9
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: bs-bench
name: BS-Bench (detection rate)
metrics:
- name: detection rate
type: detection_rate
value: 15.0
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: harmbench
name: "HarmBench (harmful rate, lower is better)"
metrics:
- name: harmful rate
type: harmful_rate
value: 20.6
verified: false
- task:
type: text-generation
name: Text Generation
dataset:
type: xstest
name: XSTest (safe compliance)
metrics:
- name: safe compliance
type: safe_compliance
value: 89.6
verified: false
license: apache-2.0
---
# Mellum2 Thinking
> [!Note]
> Use this model when you want explicit chain-of-thought before the final answer — complex debugging, multi-step planning, agentic workflows, and math- or reasoning-heavy tasks. For direct, low-latency answers without reasoning traces, use [Instruct](https://huggingface.co/JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct) instead.
## Mellum2 Thinking Highlights
Mellum 2 Thinking is a post-trained reasoning-augmented assistant model trained by JetBrains.
The model uses a Mixture-of-Experts architecture with 64 experts and activates 8 experts per token. It uses a combination of sliding-window and full attention layers, with a context length of 131,072 tokens.
It is produced from [`Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Base`](https://huggingface.co/JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Base) by supervised fine-tuning (loss computed only on the final assistant turn) followed by reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) on a harder data mix that includes a long-form math subset. The model emits its reasoning inside `...` blocks before the final answer.
## Mellum2 Model Family
This repository contains one checkpoint from the Mellum 2 family.
| Checkpoint | Description |
|---|---|
| [Base Pretrain](https://huggingface.co/JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Base-Pretrain) | Base checkpoint before long-context extension |
| [Base](https://huggingface.co/JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Base) | Final base model |
| [Instruct SFT](https://huggingface.co/JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct-SFT) | Supervised instruction-tuned checkpoint |
| [Thinking SFT](https://huggingface.co/JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Thinking-SFT) | Supervised thinking checkpoint |
| [Instruct](https://huggingface.co/JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Instruct) | RL-tuned instruction model |
| Thinking | RL-tuned thinking model |
## Model Overview
**Mellum2 Thinking** has the following features:
- Number of Layers: 28
- Hidden Size: 2304
- Intermediate Size: 7168
- MoE Intermediate Size: 896
- Number of Experts: 64
- Number of Activated Experts: 8
- Number of Attention Heads (GQA): 32 for Q and 4 for KV
- Context Length: 131,072
- Sliding Window: 1,024
- Vocabulary Size: 98,304
- Precision: bfloat16
- License: Apache 2.0
## Serving with vLLM
```sh
# Without tool calling
vllm serve JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Thinking \
--max-model-len 131072 \
--reasoning-parser qwen3
# With tool calling
vllm serve JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Thinking \
--max-model-len 131072 \
--reasoning-parser qwen3 \
--enable-auto-tool-choice \
--tool-call-parser hermes
```
## Quickstart
Text-Only Input
```python
from openai import OpenAI
# Configured by environment variables
client = OpenAI()
messages = [
{"role": "user", "content": "Is 1024 a power of 2? Explain your reasoning."},
]
chat_response = client.chat.completions.create(
model="JetBrains/Mellum2-12B-A2.5B-Thinking",
messages=messages,
max_tokens=81920,
temperature=0.6,
top_p=0.95,
extra_body={
"top_k": 20,
},
)
print("Chat response:", chat_response)
```
## Evaluation
Post-training evaluation for the thinking/reasoning variants. All values are percentages; higher is better except HarmBench, where lower is better. All values self-reported by JetBrains.
| Benchmark | Mellum2 Thinking SFT | Mellum2 Thinking | Qwen3.5 (4B) | Qwen3.5 (9B) | OLMo-3 (7B) | Ministral 3 (14B) |
| :----------------- | --------------------: | ----------------: | -----------: | -----------: | ----------: | ----------------: |
| **Coding** | | | | | | |
| LiveCodeBench v6 | 75.1 | 69.9 | 59.4 | 68.3 | 59.8 | 42.7 |
| **Tool Use** | | | | | | |
| BFCL v4 | 38.8 | 45.6 | 42.9 | 42.7 | — | 35.9 |
| BFCL v3 | 60.5 | 69.4 | 73.9 | 68.5 | — | 52.2 |
| **Math** | | | | | | |
| AIME | 20.0 | 58.4 | 68.3 | 73.4 | 61.7 | 38.3 |
| GSM-Plus | 62.6 | 87.0 | 89.3 | 90.7 | 88.1 | 86.5 |
| **Knowledge** | | | | | | |
| MMLU-Redux | 84.8 | 86.2 | 88.3 | 91.7 | 71.3 | 84.4 |
| GPQA Diamond | 39.9 | 57.6 | 76.8 | 81.3 | 29.3 | 46.0 |
| **Conversational** | | | | | | |
| IFEval | 69.1 | 76.5 | 87.1 | 89.8 | 84.7 | 59.7 |
| JetBrains pairwise | 64.4 | 69.5 | 40.5 | 56.7 | 32.2 | 63.8 |
| MixEval | 63.4 | 66.9 | 71.9 | 76.0 | 67.0 | 70.8 |
| BS-Bench | 14.0 | 15.0 | 63.0 | 70.0 | 23.0 | 9.0 |
| **Safety** | | | | | | |
| HarmBench (↓) | 12.2 | 20.6 | 15.9 | 6.6 | 48.7 | 70.0 |
| XSTest | 90.8 | 89.6 | 96.8 | 97.6 | 93.2 | 96.8 |
Notes:
- **AIME** is the mean of AIME 2025 and AIME 2026 (30 questions each).
- **BFCL v4** is the macro-average of five subtasks: v1, v2, v3, web search, memory.
- **JetBrains pairwise** is win rate against `Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct` on an internal benchmark.
- `—` indicates the model lacks native tool calling (OLMo-3-7B-Thinking).
For more details, see the [Mellum2 Technical Report](https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31268).
## License
Released under the Apache 2.0 license.